tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Insulin‐like growth factor binding protein‐7 concentrations in chronic heart failure: Results from the <scp>EMPEROR</scp> programme
Authors: João Pedro Ferreira, Milton Packer, Naveed Sattar, Javed Butler, Sandra González Maldonado, Marina Panova‐Noeva, Mikhail Sumin, Serge Masson, Stuart J. Pocock, Stefan D. Anker, Faiez Zannad, James L. Januzzi
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2024)
Summary of the 2024 Update of the European Association of Urology Guidelines on Neuro-urology
Authors: Andrea M. Sartori, Thomas M. Kessler, David M. Castro-Díaz, Peter de Keijzer, Giulio Del Popolo, Hazel Ecclestone, Dennis Frings, Jan Groen, Rizwan Hamid, Gilles Karsenty, Stefania Musco, Bárbara Padilla-Fernández, Jürgen Pannek, Natasha Schouten, Angela van der Vorm, Bertil F.M. Blok
Journal: European Urology (2024)
Low-quality Video Target Detection Based on EEG Signal using Eye Movement Alignment
Authors: Jianting Shi, Luzheng Bi, Xinbo Xu, Aberham Genetu Feleke, Weijie Fei
Journal: Cyborg and Bionic Systems (2024)

The target detection based on electroencephalogram (EEG) signals is a new target detection method. This method recognizes the target by decoding the specific neural response when an operator observes the target, which has important theoretical and application values. This paper focuses on the EEG detection of low-quality video targets, which breaks through the limitation of previous target detection based on EEG signals only for high-quality video targets. We first design an experimental paradigm for EEG-based low-quality video target detection and propose an epoch extraction method based on eye movement signals to solve the asynchronous problem faced by low-quality video target detection. Then, the neural representation in the process of operator recognition is analyzed based on the time domain, frequency domain, and source space domain, respectively. We design the time-frequency features based on continuous wavelet transform according to the neural representation and obtain an average decoding test accuracy of 84.56%. The research results of this paper lay the foundation for the development of a video target detection system based on EEG signals in the future.
TCF1–LEF1 co-expression identifies a multipotent progenitor cell (TH2-MPP) across human allergic diseases
Authors: Radomir Kratchmarov, Sarah Djeddi, Garrett Dunlap, Wenqin He, Xiaojiong Jia, Caitlin M. Burk, Tessa Ryan, Alanna McGill, Jessica R. Allegretti, Raghu P. Kataru, Babak J. Mehrara, Erin M. Taylor, Shailesh Agarwal, Neil Bhattacharyya, Regan W. Bergmark, Alice Z. Maxfield, Stella Lee, Rachel Roditi, Daniel F. Dwyer, Joshua A. Boyce, Kathleen M. Buchheit, Tanya M. Laidlaw, Wayne G. Shreffler, Deepak A. Rao, Maria Gutierrez-Arcelus, Patrick J. Brennan
Journal: Nature Immunology (2024)
MEF2C regulates NK cell effector functions through control of lipid metabolism
Authors: Joey H. Li, Adalia Zhou, Cassidy D. Lee, Siya N. Shah, Jeong Hyun Ji, Vignesh Senthilkumar, Eddie T. Padilla, Andréa B. Ball, Qinyan Feng, Christian G. Bustillos, Luke Riggan, Alain Greige, Ajit S. Divakaruni, Fran Annese, Jessica A. Cooley Coleman, Steven A. Skinner, Christopher W. Cowan, Timothy E. O’Sullivan
Journal: Nature Immunology (2024)
Large-scale whole-exome sequencing of neuropsychiatric diseases and traits in 350,770 adults
Authors: Yue-Ting Deng, Bang-Sheng Wu, Liu Yang, Xiao-Yu He, Ju-Jiao Kang, Wei-Shi Liu, Ze-Yu Li, Xin-Rui Wu, Ya-Ru Zhang, Shi-Dong Chen, Yi-Jun Ge, Yu-Yuan Huang, Jian-Feng Feng, Ying Zhu, Qiang Dong, Ying Mao, Wei Cheng, Jin-Tai Yu
Journal: Nature Human Behaviour (2024)
CAR T‐cell therapy induces a high rate of prolonged remission in relapsed primary CNS lymphoma: Real‐life results of the LOC network
Authors: Sylvain Choquet, Carole Soussain, Nabih Azar, Véronique Morel, Carole Metz, Renata Ursu, Agathe Waultier‐Rascalou, Roberta di Blasi, Roch Houot, Laetitia Souchet, Damien Roos‐Weil, Madalina Uzunov, Stéphanie Nguyen Quoc, Nathalie Jacque, Inès Boussen, Nicolas Gauthier, Maya Ouzegdouh, Marie Blonski, Arnaud Campidelli, Guido Ahle, Blandine Guffroy, Lise Willems, Emilie Corvilain, Maryline Barrie, Marion Alcantara, Magali le Garff‐Tavernier, Dimitri Psimaras, Nicolas Weiss, Marine Baron, Clotilde Bravetti, Khê Hoang‐Xuan, Frédéric Davi, Natalia Shor, Agusti Alentorn, Caroline Houillier
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2024)

Abstract The prognosis of relapsed primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) remains dismal. CAR T‐cells are a major contributor to systemic lymphomas, but their use in PCNSL is limited. From the LOC network database, we retrospectively selected PCNSL who had leukapheresis for CAR‐T cells from the third line of treatment, and, as controls, PCNSL treated with any treatment, at least in the third line and considered not eligible for ASCT. Twenty‐seven patients (median age: 68, median of three previous lines, including ASCT in 14/27) had leukapheresis, of whom 25 received CAR T‐cells (tisa‐cel: N = 16, axi‐cel: N = 9) between 2020 and 2023. All but one received a bridging therapy. The median follow‐up after leukapheresis was 20.8 months. The best response after CAR‐T cells was complete response in 16 patients (64%). One‐year progression‐free survival from leukapheresis was 43% with a plateau afterward. One‐year relapse‐free survival was 79% for patients in complete or partial response at CAR T‐cell infusion. The median overall survival was 21.2 months. Twenty‐three patients experienced a cytokine release syndrome and 17/25 patients (68%) a neurotoxicity (five grade ≥3). The efficacy endpoints were significantly better in the CAR T‐cell group than in the control group ( N = 247) (median PFS: 3 months; median OS: 4.7 months; p &lt; 0.001). This series represents the largest cohort of PCNSL treated with CAR T‐cells reported worldwide. CAR T‐cells are effective in relapsed PCNSL, with a high rate of long‐term remission and a reassuring tolerance profile. The results seem clearly superior to those usually observed in this setting.
Viral Receptor-Binding Protein Evolves New Function through Mutations That Cause Trimer Instability and Functional Heterogeneity
Authors: Hannah M Strobel, Sweetzel D Labador, Dwaipayan Basu, Mrudula Sane, Kevin D Corbett, Justin R Meyer
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2024)

Abstract When proteins evolve new activity, a concomitant decrease in stability is often observed because the mutations that confer new activity can destabilize the native fold. In the conventional model of protein evolution, reduced stability is considered a purely deleterious cost of molecular innovation because unstable proteins are prone to aggregation and are sensitive to environmental stressors. However, recent work has revealed that nonnative, often unstable protein conformations play an important role in mediating evolutionary transitions, raising the question of whether instability can itself potentiate the evolution of new activity. We explored this question in a bacteriophage receptor-binding protein during host-range evolution. We studied the properties of the receptor-binding protein of bacteriophage λ before and after host-range evolution and demonstrated that the evolved protein is relatively unstable and may exist in multiple conformations with unique receptor preferences. Through a combination of structural modeling and in vitro oligomeric state analysis, we found that the instability arises from mutations that interfere with trimer formation. This study raises the intriguing possibility that protein instability might play a previously unrecognized role in mediating host-range expansions in viruses.
A randomized clinical trial to evaluate the effect of post-intensive care multidisciplinary consultations on mortality and the quality of life at 1 year
Authors: Tarek Sharshar, Lamiae Grimaldi-Bensouda, Shidasp Siami, Alain Cariou, Abdel Ben Salah, Pierre Kalfon, Romain Sonneville, Nicolas Meunier-Beillard, Jean-Pierre Quenot, Bruno Megarbane, Stephane Gaudry, Haikel Oueslati, Segolene Robin-Lagandre, Carole Schwebel, Aurelien Mazeraud, Djillali Annane, Lionelle Nkam, Diane Friedman
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2024)
Predictors of visceral obesity among patients with pathology of the gastrointestinal tract
Authors: Yu.M. Stepanov, L.M. Mosiychuk, I.A. Klenina, О.М. Tatarchuk, O.P. Petishko, O.M. Shevtsova
Journal: GASTROENTEROLOGY (2024)

Background. In Ukraine, metabolic syndrome remains one of the most important problems of family medicine, it contributes to an increase in the prevalence of digestive diseases. Among the components of metabolic syndrome, researchers consider visceral obesity to be the most prognostically unfavo­rable. The purpose is to optimize diagnostic approaches to the formation of a risk group for the detection of visceral obesity in gastroenterology patients. Materials and methods. Eighty patients with gastrointestinal diseases were examined, 56 men (70.0 %) and 24 women (30.0 %). The age of the patients ranged from 18 to 66 years, with an average of (39.04 ± 1.03) years. TANITA MC-780MA body composition analyzer scales (Japan) were used to assess body structure. In all patients, serum levels of glucose, insulin, leptin, total cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were determined, as well as low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), atherogenicity coefficient (AC) and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Results. Gastroenterological patients with visce­ral obesity had more pronounced changes in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, which were characterized by a decrease in the content of HDL-C by 16.3 % (p &lt; 0.05), an increase in TG by 41.9 % (p &lt; 0.001), VLDL-C by 41.7 % (p &lt; 0.01), AС by 41.6 % (p &lt; 0.01), HOMA-IR by 28.0 % (p &lt; 0.01) compared to patients without visceral obesity. According to the results of the correlation analysis, functional relationships were found between the amount of visceral fat and the level of leptin (r = 0.37; р = 0.0008), insulin (r = 0.41; р = 0.001), HOMA-IR (r = 0.48; р = 0.00001), TG (r = 0.452; р = 0.017), LDL-C (r = 0.383; р = 0.016), AС (r = 0.566; p &lt; 0.001), TG/glucose ratio (r = 0.27; p = 0.0181), HDL-C (r = –0.448; p = 0.004). Determined predictors for the development of visceral obesity were as follows: triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein ratio (odds ratio (OR) 1.32; p = 0.0001), triglycerides/glucose ratio (OR 1.17; p = 0.0014), HOMA-IR (OR 1.26; p = 0.0013), atherogenicity coefficient (OR 1.13; p = 0.0001), leptin/triglycerides ratio (OR 1.35; p = 0.0014). Conclusions. The formation of a risk group for the detection of visceral obesity with the help of defined diagnostic criteria will allow to personalize the management of gastroenterology patients already at the primary level of medical care.
The influence of obesity on the parameters of the kallikrein-kinin system and proteolysis in chronic biliary pancreatitis
Authors: L.S. Babinets, K.Y. Kytsai, V.R. Mykuliak
Journal: GASTROENTEROLOGY (2024)

Background. Clinical practice and science have accumulated data that obese patients suffer from severe forms of acute and chronic pancreatitis, which is explained by the accumulation of fat around the pancreas, a decreased activity of pancreatic enzymes. The purpose of the study is to describe the features of the kallikrein-kinin system and proteolysis in chronic biliary pancreatitis (CBP), depending on the presence of comorbid obesity. Materials and methods. One hundred and thirty-seven patients with chronic biliary pancreatitis were examined and divided into two groups depending on the presence of comorbid obesity: group I consisted of 22 patients with CBP and group II — of 115 patients with CBP and obesity. Results. The obtained results proved that an increase in body weight of patients with CBP lead to a more severe kallikrein-kinin system imbalance, with enhanced activation of inflammation and a decrease in the protective effect of the proteolysis. An increase in the degree of obesity in patients with CBP was accompanied by a more severe kallikrein-kinin system and proteolytic imbalance with an increase in the proteolytic enzymes level that have a damaging effect on the hepatic and pancreatic tissues and have a pro-inflammatory activity, as well as by a decrease in the content of the proteolytic enzyme inhibitors, which reliably weakened the protective effect of kallikrein-kinin system and proteolysis. Conclusions. 1) It was proved that there is a higher activity of the kallikrein-kinin system (accor­ding to proteolytic activation and kallikrein levels) and a decrease in the activity of proteolytic enzyme inhibitors (α2-macroglobulin and kininase II) in patients with chronic biliary pancreatitis and comorbid obesity compared to those without obesity (p &lt; 0.05). 2) An increase in the degree of obesity lead to an increase of proteolytic activity and a decrease in the content of the proteolytic enzyme inhibitors in patients with chronic biliary pancreatitis. It was proved the aggravating effect of obesity on the kallikrein-kinin system and proteolytic imbalance, which must be taken into account while forming a comprehensive treatment of such patients.
The role of endoscopic ultrasound in assessment of physiological cardia insufficiency during diagnosis of hiatal hernia
Authors: B.F. Shevchenko, O.M. Babii, N.V. Prolom, M.V. Titova, S.O. Tarabarov, S.V. Ushchina
Journal: GASTROENTEROLOGY (2024)

Background. The aim of the study: to determine the role of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) in assessing the failure of the physiological cardia in the diagnosis of hiatal hernias (HH). Materials and methods. At the Department of Digestive Surgery of the State Institution “Institute of Gastroenterology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine” in 2023, we have performed surgical treatment of 33 patients with HH: axial HH were diagnosed in 21 (63.6 %) cases (I type), paraesophageal HH — in 12 (36.4 %) patients (II type) (ICD-10 code is K44). Control group included 20 practically healthy people. Results. All patients underwent an X-ray and endoscopic examination of the esophagus, stomach, duodenum, and EUS. All 33 (100.0 %) patients underwent an X-ray to confirm the diagnosis and an endoscopic examination to detect changes in the esophageal mucosa. EUS was performed in 31 (93.9 %) patients. The thickness of the esophageal wall was assessed using EUS, which made it possible to determine the state of the structures of the phy­siological cardia in HH: the displacement of part of the stomach above the diaphragm, location of the gastroesophageal junction relative to the legs of the diaphragm and relative to each other; the distance between the legs of the diaphragm (area of the HH) and their length; the cross-sectional area of the HH (hernial sac). The data obtained during EUS influenced the choice of the method for surgical correction of the physiological cardia with HH. Conclusions. Thus, with HH, EUS makes it possible to evaluate pathological changes of the main structures in the failure of the physiological cardia, to improve diagnosis for the types of HH, the location of the gastroesophageal junction, with determination of dimensions of the esophageal hiatus, the distance between the legs of the physiological cardia, localization and cross-section of the hernial sac, which influenced the choice of the surgery for physiological cardia in HH.
Pathophysiological basis of hepatopulmonary syndrome
Authors: S.M. Chooklin, S.S. Chuklin, M.M. Posivnych, S.A. Krystopchuk
Journal: GASTROENTEROLOGY (2024)

Circulatory changes with increased blood flow and vasodilatation/vasoconstriction imbalance are an integral consequence of liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension and can affect the pulmonary circulation with the development of vascular disorders, with hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) being the most common. HPS is a serious pulmonary complication of progressive liver disease, resulting in a poor clinical prognosis. Vascular tone decrease, monocytic infiltration of pulmonary vessels, formation of intrapulmonary arteriovenous shunts, dysfunction of alveolar type II cells, destruction of the endothelial glycocalyx are important in the pathogenesis of HPS. Abnormalities of pulmonary capillaries lead to hypoxemia caused by a violation of the ventilation/perfusion ratio, diffusion disorders, and the development of arteriovenous anastomoses. Infiltration of the pulmonary vessels by monocytes is one of the key factors of HPS. This migration is facilitated by the intestinal microbiota translocation into the portal bloodstream with increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor α, interleu­kins 1, 6), leading to the activation of monocytes. Monocytes located in the pulmonary circulation promote the vasodilation through the activation of inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase and thus NO production. This is also associated with endothelial dysfunction due to a decreased hepatic secretion of bone morphogenetic protein 9 and increased endothelin 1, endothelial overexpression of endothelin B receptors, and increased endothelial NO production. Proangiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, and placental growth factor play an important role in the proliferation of pulmonary capillaries. Circulation of tumor necrosis factor α, bile acids and monocyte infiltration in the pulmonary circulation lead to increased apoptosis of alveolar type II cells and decreased surfactant synthesis. Chronic inflammation in HPS disrupts the continuity of the endothelial glycocalyx layer. This article provides an overview of the current knowledge on the pathogenesis of HPS, summarizes many features of the disease based on the literature research in MEDLINE database on the PubMed platform.
Experience of using different schemes of eradication therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection and their effectiveness in Ukraine
Authors: V.V. Chernyavskyi, L.L. Pavlovskyi, D.O. Reshotko
Journal: GASTROENTEROLOGY (2024)

Background. The resistance of Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) to antibacterial drugs has increased in recent years. This is primarily due to the unwarranted use of antibiotics, as demonstra­ted by the recent COVID-19 pandemic. The choice of the optimal regimen and duration of treatment are current issues today. The aim: retrospective study on the effectiveness of 14-day H.pylori eradication regimens used in 2022–2023 and comparison of their effectiveness and safety with those of 10-day regimens used in 2020–2021 in Ukraine. Materials and methods. The data of 242 patients (123 men and 119 women) aged 18 to 65 years with chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer of the duodenum and stomach associated with H.pylori were analyzed retrospectively. All patients were treated with standard regimens according to the Maastricht V and VI Consensus. H.pylori infection was confirmed by a rapid urease test, determination of fecal antigen and histologically. Results. As a result of the study, it was found that 10-day regimens with triple therapy had an efficiency of 80–81 %. The effectiveness of a 14-day triple therapy with esomeprazole and lansoprazole was significantly higher compared to a 10-day regimen, 85 and 86 %, respectively (p &lt; 0.05). Howe­ver, the frequency of side effects was higher with a 14-day therapy. A 10-day triple regimen with levofloxacin compared to a standard 10-day triple therapy had the lowest efficacy of 78 %. But when levofloxacin therapy was increased to 14 days, its effectiveness became comparable to that of a 14-day triple therapy, 85 %. The highest efficiency was demonstrated by a 10-day and 14-day therapy with furazolidone, which was added to amoxicillin and levofloxacin: 95 and 97.8%, respectively. Conclusions. The effectiveness of schemes with clarithromycin in Ukraine remains high. Taking drugs for 14 days increases the percentage of H.pylori eradication and the frequency of unwanted effects. Addition of furazolidone to levofloxacin and amo­xicillin increases the rate of successful H.pylori eradication.
Oxidative stress as one of the pathogenetic mechanisms of hepatopulmonary syndrome in patients with liver cirrhosis
Authors: O.P. Faiura, S.Y. Tolopko, M.O. Abrahamovych, M.R. Ferko, Z.O. Bilous, S.I. Guta, O.O. Abrahamovych
Journal: GASTROENTEROLOGY (2024)

Background. Hepatopulmonary syndrome is one of the most dangerous syntropies in case of liver cirrhosis. Consequently, it is important to determine the role of oxidative stress, acid-base balance and ventilation-perfusion disorders as factors of hepatopulmonary syndrome development in cirrhotic patients. Materials and methods. We included 44 cirrhotic patients with hepatopulmonary syndrome verified according to the patented Method for diagnosing degrees of hepatopulmonary syndrome severity in patients with liver cirrhosis. In addition to the traditional examinations, we determined the gas composition parameters in venous blood, acid-base balance parameters, catalase activity and malondialdehyde level in all the patients. The received material was processed on a personal computer using Excel 2010, Statistica 6.0, RStudio v. 1.1.442 and R Commander v. 2.4-4. Results. Analysis of blood gas parameters revealed the reliability of the difference for PCO2 (р = 0.03) depending on the class of liver cirrhosis severity. Also, with the liver cirrhosis severity increase, the malondialdehyde level increased, and catalase decreased. Moreover, significant inverse relationships between malondialdehyde content and PCO2 (p = 0.039), HCO3 (p = 0.039), TCO2 (p = 0.036), Beb (p = 0.049), BEecf (p = 0.043) were found resulting in hypocapnia and partially compensated metabolic acidosis. The found direct correlation between malondialdehyde level and AaDO2 (p = 0.044) indicates the arteriovenous pulmonary shunts, ventilation-perfusion disorders. The absence of catalase content changes can obviously be explained by the fact that its activity can be partially compensatory maintained. Conclusions. In patients with hepatopulmonary syndrome, the peroxidation activity enhances with an increase in the liver cirrhosis severity, resulting in the redox homeostasis imbalance, leading to the ventilation-perfusion disorders and partially compensated metabolic acidosis.
Modern management of patients with intestinal diseases. Analysis of clinical cases
Authors: Yu.M. Stepanov, I.Y. Budzak, Z.I. Shevtsova, I.E. Dovganyuk
Journal: GASTROENTEROLOGY (2024)

The article presents the clinical experience of treating patients with various intestinal diseases in combination with other pathologies. Three cases of management of patients with different nosological forms of intestinal diseases are given: ulcerative colitis, irritable bowel syndrome, diverticular disease. Features of the course of diseases, an examination algorithm using modern innovative techno­logies and comprehensive treatment are presented. This contributed to positive dynamics and improvement of the quality of life of patients.