tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Transcription Factor Fingerprint Provides Clues for Brain Tumor Cell of Origin
Authors: Brent A. Orr
Journal: Cancer Research (2024)

Mouse models that faithfully represent the biology of human brain tumors are critical tools for unraveling the underlying tumor biology and screening for potential precision therapies. This is especially true of rare tumor types, many of which have correspondingly few xenograft or cell lines available. Although our understanding of the specific biological pathways driving cancer has improved significantly, identifying the appropriate progenitor populations to drive oncogenic processes represents a significant barrier to efficient mouse model production. In this issue of Cancer Research, Jessa and colleagues developed an innovative transcription factor fingerprinting method to map the cellular origin of central nervous system neuroblastoma, FOXR2-activated to medial ganglionic eminence–derived interneurons, which could then be efficiently targeted in the developing mouse brain using in utero electroporation. This approach serves as a blueprint for investigating other rare pediatric brain tumors, potentially accelerating progress toward the development of mouse models and identification of effective therapies. See related article by Jessa et al., p. 231
Long‐term results of a phase 1/1b study of ibrutinib plus umbralisib for relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Christine E. Ryan, Yue Ren, Svitlana Tyekucheva, Jon E. Arnason, Adam M. Boruchov, Caron A. Jacobson, David C. Fisher, Hari Miskin, Peter Sportelli, Jennifer R. Brown, Matthew S. Davids
Journal: HemaSphere (2025)
Prognostic impact of expression of CD2, CD25, and/or CD30 in/on mast cells in systemic mastocytosis: a registry study of the European Competence Network on Mastocytosis
Authors: Axel Rüfer, Henning Nilius, Olivier Hermine, Marek Niedoszytko, Joanne N. G. Oude Elberink, Patrizia Bonadonna, Khalid Shoumariyeh, Theo Gulen, Karin Hartmann, Vito Sabato, Irena Angelova-Fischer, Daniel Baffoe, Deborah Christen, Anna Belloni Fortina, Christine Breynaert, Knut Brockow, Nikolas von Bubnoff, Horia Bumbea, Paul van Daele, Michael Doubek, Ingunn Dybedal, Chiara Elena, Christos Fokoloros, Aleksandra Górska, Marc Heizmann, Madlen Jentzsch, Saskia Klein, Johannes Lübke, Mattias Mattsson, André Mulder, Jens Panse, Tanja Daniela Schug, Mariarita Sciumè, Alex Stefan, Marlena Sztormowska, Judit Várkonyi, Friederike Wortmann, Akif Selim Yavuz, Martina Sperr, Jason Gotlib, Andreas Reiter, Massimo Triggiani, Wolfgang R. Sperr, Peter Valent
Journal: Leukemia (2025)

Expression of CD2, CD25 and/or CD30 in extracutaneous mast cells (MC) is a minor diagnostic criterion for systemic mastocytosis (SM) in the classification of the World Health Organization and International Consensus Classification. So far, it remains unknown whether expression of these antigens on MC is of prognostic significance in SM. We performed a retrospective multi-center study of patients with SM using the data set of the registry of the European Competence Network on Mastocytosis, including 5034 patients with various MC disorders. The percentage of CD2-, CD25+ and/or CD30+ MC was considerably lower in patients with indolent SM compared to patients with advanced SM, including aggressive SM and MC leukemia. Whereas CD25 and CD30 expression in MC could not be associated with prognosis, we found that lack of CD2 expression in MC is associated with a significantly reduced overall survival (OS) in patients with SM (p < 0.0001). Lack of CD2 was also associated with the presence of extramedullary involvement affecting the spleen, liver, and/or lymph nodes (odds ratio 2.63 compared to SM with CD2+ MC). Together, lack of CD2 expression in MC is a prognostic marker and indicator of reduced OS and extramedullary disease expansion in patients with SM.
ALKBH5 suppresses gastric cancer tumorigenesis and metastasis by inhibiting the translation of uncapped WRAP53 RNA isoforms in an m6A-dependent manner
Authors: Ziqi Zheng, Feizhi Lin, Baiwei Zhao, Guoming Chen, Chengzhi Wei, Xiaojiang Chen, Runcong Nie, Ruopeng Zhang, Zhoukai Zhao, Zhiwei Zhou, Yuanfang Li, Weigang Dai, Yijia Lin, Yongming Chen
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2025)

The N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification serves as an essential epigenetic regulator in eukaryotic cells, playing a significant role in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. However, the detailed biological functions and underlying mechanisms of m6A regulation in gastric cancer (GC) are poorly understood. Our research revealed that the m6A demethylase ALKBH5 was markedly downregulated in GC tissues, which was associated with poor patient prognosis. Functional studies demonstrated that suppressing ALKBH5 expression enhanced GC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Mechanistically, ALKBH5 removed m6A modifications from the 5' uncapped and polyadenylated transcripts (UPTs) of WRAP53. This demethylation decreased WRAP53 stability and translation efficiency. The lower level of WRAP53 disrupts the interaction between USP6 and RALBP1 protein, promoting RALBP1 degradation and thereby suppressing the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling cascade, ultimately attenuating the progression of GC. These findings highlight the pivotal role of ALKBH5-mediated m6A demethylation in inhibiting GC progression and the potential role of ALKBH5 as a promising biomarker and therapeutic target for GC intervention.
Pan-PPAR agonist lanifibranor improves insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis in patients with T2D and MASLD
Authors: Diana Barb, Srilaxmi Kalavalapalli, Eddison Godinez Leiva, Fernando Bril, Philippe Huot-Marchand, Lucile Dzen, Jens T Rosenberg, Jean-Louis Junien, Pierre Broqua, Andrea Ortiz Rocha, Romina Lomonaco, Jean-Louis Abitbol, Michael P Cooreman, Kenneth Cusi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2025)
Clinical events associated with poor CD4+ T-cell recovery in people living with HIV following ART: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tangwei Mou, Kai-Cheng Gao, Xiyao Chen, Qingyang Qian, Jing Lin, Ran Zhang, Jing Yang, Peipei Qu, Guozhong Zhou, Yi-Qun Kuang
Journal: Journal of Infection (2025)
Tunable Ion-Release Biodegradable Nanoparticles Enhanced Pyroptosis for Tumor Immunotherapy
Authors: Lin Liu, Kaiyan Huang, Xia Sun, Junpeng Shi, Xianggui Yin, Wenpeng Zhao, Peng Lin, Yutong Han, Fangrong Zhang, Weibing Miao, Yun Zhang
Journal: Biomaterials (2025)
Evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy of Xpert® Mpox and STANDARD™ M10 MPX/OPX for the detection of monkeypox virus
Authors: Alessandra Romero-Ramirez, Anushri Somasundaran, Konstantina Kontogianni, Jacob Parkes, Yusra Hussain, Susan Gould, Christopher T Williams, Dominic Wooding, Richard Body, Hayley E Hardwick, J Kenneth Baillie, Jake Dunning, Malcolm G Semple, Tom E Fletcher, Thomas Edwards, Devy Emperador, Ana I Cubas-Atienzar
Journal: Journal of Infection (2025)
High-Copy IncP-2 Megaplasmid Carrying blaAFM in Clinical Difficult-to-Treat Resistance Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Associated with High-Level Cefiderocol Resistance
Authors: Wenhao Wu, Meijun Song, Xi Li, Piaopiao Zhang, Yue Li, Heng Cai, Yan Jiang, Yunsong Yu, Tingting Qu
Journal: Journal of Infection (2025)
Resistance mechanisms to immune checkpoint inhibitors: updated insights
Authors: Besan H. Alsaafeen, Bassam R. Ali, Eyad Elkord
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2025)

The last decade has witnessed unprecedented succusses with the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors in treating cancer. Nevertheless, the proportion of patients who respond favorably to the treatment remained rather modest, partially due to treatment resistance. This has fueled a wave of research into potential mechanisms of resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors which can be classified into primary resistance or acquired resistance after an initial response. In the current review, we summarize what is known so far about the mechanisms of resistance in terms of being tumor-intrinsic or tumor-extrinsic taking into account the multimodal crosstalk between the tumor, immune system compartment and other host-related factors.
H3K14la drives endothelial dysfunction in sepsis‐induced ARDS by promoting SLC40A1/transferrin‐mediated ferroptosis
Authors: Fangchen Gong, Xiangtao Zheng, Wen Xu, Rongli Xie, Wenbin Liu, Lei Pei, Ming Zhong, Wen Shi, Hongping Qu, Enqiang Mao, Zhitao Yang, Ranran Li, Erzhen Chen, Ying Chen
Journal: MedComm (2025)

Abstract Pulmonary endothelial cell (EC) activation is a key factor in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In sepsis, increased glycolysis leads to lactate buildup, which induces lysine lactylation (Kla) on histones and other proteins. However, the role of protein lactylation in EC dysfunction during sepsis‐induced ARDS remains unclear. Integrative lactylome and proteome analyses were performed to identify the global lactylome profile in the lung tissues of septic mice. Cut&amp;Tag analysis was used to identify the transcriptional targets of histone H3 lysine 14 lactylation (H3K14la) in ECs. Septic mice presented elevated levels of lactate and H3K14la in lung tissues, particularly in pulmonary ECs. Suppressing glycolysis reduced both H3K14la and EC activation, suggesting a link between glycolysis and lactylation. Moreover, H3K14la was enriched at promoter regions of ferroptosis‐related genes such as transferrin receptor (TFRC) and solute carrier family 40 member 1 (SLC40A1), which contributed to EC activation and lung injury under septic conditions. For the first time, we reported the role of lactate‐dependent H3K14 lactylation in regulating EC ferroptosis to promote vascular dysfunction during sepsis‐induced lung injury. Our findings suggest that manipulation of the glycolysis/H3K14la/ferroptosis axis may provide novel therapeutic approaches for sepsis‐associated ARDS.
Advances in moyamoya disease: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapeutic interventions
Authors: Shihao He, Zhenyu Zhou, Michelle Y. Cheng, Xiaokuan Hao, Terrance Chiang, Yanru Wang, Junze Zhang, Xilong Wang, Xun Ye, Rong Wang, Gary K. Steinberg, Yuanli Zhao
Journal: MedComm (2025)

Abstract Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a type of cerebrovascular disease characterized by occlusion of the distal end of the internal carotid artery and the formation of collateral blood vessels. Over the past 20 years, the landscape of research on MMD has significantly transformed. In this review, we provide insights into the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapeutic interventions in MMD. The development of high‐throughput sequencing technology has expanded our understanding of genetic susceptibility, identifying MMD‐related genes beyond RNF213, such as ACTA2, DIAPH1, HLA, and others. The genetic susceptibility of MMD to its pathological mechanism was summarized and discussed. Based on the second‐hit theory, the influences of inflammation, immunity, and environmental factors on MMD were also appropriately summarized. Despite these advancements, revascularization surgery remains the primary treatment for MMD largely because of the lack of effective in vivo and in vitro models. In this study, 16 imaging diagnostic methods for MMD were summarized. Regarding therapeutic intervention, the influences of drugs, endovascular procedures, and revascularization surgeries on patients with MMD were discussed. Future research on the central MMD vascular abnormalities and peripheral circulating factors will provide a more comprehensive understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of MMD.
Biometallic ions and derivatives: a new direction for cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Lin Zhao, Yajun Gui, Jing Cai, Xiangying Deng
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2025)

Biometallic ions play a crucial role in regulating the immune system. In recent years, cancer immunotherapy has become a breakthrough in cancer treatment, achieving good efficacy in a wide range of cancers with its specificity and durability advantages. However, existing therapies still face challenges, such as immune tolerance and immune escape. Biometallic ions (e.g. zinc, copper, magnesium, manganese, etc.) can assist in enhancing the efficacy of immunotherapy through the activation of immune cells, enhancement of tumor antigen presentation, and improvement of the tumor microenvironment. In addition, biometallic ions and derivatives can directly inhibit tumor cell progression and offer the possibility of effectively overcoming the limitations of current cancer immunotherapy by promoting immune responses and reducing immunosuppressive signals. This review explores the role and potential application prospects of biometallic ions in cancer immunotherapy, providing new ideas for future clinical application of metal ions as part of cancer immunotherapy and helping to guide the development of more effective and safe therapeutic regimens.
The mycobiome in human cancer: analytical challenges, molecular mechanisms, and therapeutic implications
Authors: Ting Ding, Chang Liu, Zhengyu Li
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2025)

The polymorphic microbiome is considered a new hallmark of cancer. Advances in High-Throughput Sequencing have fostered rapid developments in microbiome research. The interaction between cancer cells, immune cells, and microbiota is defined as the immuno-oncology microbiome (IOM) axis. Fungal microbes (the mycobiome), although representing only ∼ 0.1-1% of the microbiome, are a critical immunologically active component of the tumor microbiome. Accumulating evidence suggests a possible involvement of commensal and pathogenic fungi in cancer initiation, progression, and treatment responsiveness. The tumor-associated mycobiome mainly consists of the gut mycobiome, the oral mycobiome, and the intratumoral mycobiome. However, the role of fungi in cancer remains poorly understood, and the diversity and complexity of analytical methods make it challenging to access this field. This review aims to elucidate the causal and complicit roles of mycobiome in cancer development and progression while highlighting the issues that need to be addressed in executing such research. We systematically summarize the advantages and limitations of current fungal detection and analysis methods. We enumerate and integrate these recent findings into our current understanding of the tumor mycobiome, accompanied by the prospect of novel and exhilarating clinical implications.
ESMO Global Consortium Study on the availability, out-of-pocket costs, and accessibility of cancer medicines: 2023 update
Authors: N I Cherny, D Trapani, M Galotti, M Saar, G Bricalli, F Roitberg, B Gyawali, G Curigliano, J-Y Blay, K Meier, N J Latino, E G E de Vries
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2025)
Quercetin-functionalized nanomaterials: Innovative therapeutic avenues for Alzheimer's disease management
Authors: Jinjin Pei, Ranil Vikraman Kumarasamy, Selvaraj Jayaraman, Gopalakrishnan Velliyur Kanniappan, Qianfa Long, Chella Perumal Palanisamy
Journal: Ageing Research Reviews (2025)
Establishing Minimally Important Difference Thresholds for Lesion Counts in Acne Clinical Studies
Authors: John S Barbieri, Susan S Ellenberg, Ann Tierney, Suzette Baez VanderBeek, Maryte Papadopoulos, Jennifer Mason, Anabel Mason, James Dattilo, David J Margolis
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2025)
Identifying Key Weather Factors Influencing Human Salmonellosis: A Conditional Incidence Analysis in England, Wales, and the Netherlands.
Authors: Laura C González Villeta, Linda Chamané Pinedo, Alasdair J C Cook, Eelco Franz, Theo Kanellos, Lapo Mughini-Gras, Gordon Nichols, Roan Pijnacker, Joaquin M Prada, Christophe Sarran, Matt Spick, Jessica Wu, Giovanni Lo Iacono
Journal: Journal of Infection (2025)
Safety and Effectiveness of EUS-Guided Gallbladder Drainage in Patients with Cirrhosis: An International Multicenter Experience
Authors: Rajat Garg, Todd Baron, Judy A Trieu, Belen Martinez-Moreno, José Ramón Aparicio, Karl Akiki, Andrew C Storm, Prabhat Kumar, Amandeep Singh, Roberto Simons-Linares, Prabhleen Chahal
Journal: Endoscopy (2025)

Introduction EUS-guided gall bladder drainage (EUS-GBD) for management of symptomatic gallbladder disease has been shown to be safe and effective in high surgical risk patients with data lacking in patients with cirrhosis. We sought to study the safety and effectiveness of EUS-GBD in cirrhotic compared to non-cirrhotic patients. Methods Retrospective review of patients who underwent EUS-GBD at four (3 US and 1 Spain) international tertiary care centers. We collected baseline variables with outcomes being procedural technical success, clinical success and procedure related adverse events. Outcomes were compared between patients with and without cirrhosis. Results A total of 170 patients (47 cirrhotics, 123 non cirrhotic) were included. There was no difference in age, gender, race, comorbidities, antiplatelet use, hemoglobin, international normalized ratio between the two groups (p&gt;0.05 for all). The most common etiology of cirrhosis was alcoholic (42.6%) with mean MELD-Na score of 16.2 ± 8.8. Acute cholecystitis was a more common indication of EUS-GBD in cirrhotics (74.5% vs. 56.9%, p=0.02). Technical (97.9% vs. 95.1%, p=0.67) and clinical success (93.6% vs. 94.9%, p=0.71) rates were similar in both cirrhosis and no cirrhosis groups. Adverse events were infrequent and did not differ between groups with the most common being stent maldeployment (4.3% in cirrhosis vs. 5.7%, in no cirrhosis group, p=0.99). Survival rates were similar at the end of follow up. Conclusion Our international multicenter experience suggests EUS-GBD is safe and effective in patients with cirrhosis, with outcomes similar to patients without cirrhosis when performed by experienced echoendoscopists. Patients with cirrhosis and symptomatic gallbladder disease can be considered for EUS-GBD.
Adaptive Cost-Benefit Control Fueled by Striatal Dopamine
Authors: Michael J. Frank
Journal: Annual Review of Neuroscience (2025)

The twenty-first century has brought forth a deluge of theories and data shedding light on the neural mechanisms of motivated behavior. Much of this progress has focused on dopaminergic dynamics, including their signaling properties (how do they vary with expectations and outcomes?) and their downstream impacts in target regions (how do they affect learning and behavior?). In parallel, the basal ganglia have been elevated from their original implication in motoric function to a canonical circuit facilitating the initiation, invigoration, and selection of actions across levels of abstraction, from motor to cognitive operations. This review considers how striatal D1 and D2 opponency allows animals to perform cost-benefit calculations across multiple scales: locally, whether to select a given action, and globally, whether to engage a particular corticostriatal circuit for guiding behavior. An emerging understanding of such functions reconciles seemingly conflicting data and has implications for neuroscience, psychology, behavioral economics, and artificial intelligence.
Using the Key Characteristics Framework to Unlock the Mysteries of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor–Mediated Effects on the Immune System
Authors: Courtney E.W. Sulentic, Barbara L.F. Kaplan, B. Paige Lawrence
Journal: Annual Review of Immunology (2025)

Initially discovered for its role mediating the deleterious effects of environmental contaminants, the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is now known to be a crucial regulator of the immune system. The expanding list of AHR ligands includes synthetic and naturally derived molecules spanning pollutants, phytochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and substances derived from amino acids and microorganisms. The consequences of engaging AHR vary, depending on factors such as the AHR ligand, cell type, immune challenge, developmental state, dose, and timing of exposure relative to the immune stimulus. This review frames this complexity using the recently identified key characteristics of agents that affect immune system function (altered cell signaling, proliferation, differentiation, effector function, communication, trafficking, death, antigen presentation and processing, and tolerance). The use of these key characteristics provides a scaffold for continued discovery of how AHR and its myriad ligands influence the immune system, which will help harness the power of this enigmatic receptor to prevent or treat disease.
Defining 2 Biologically and Clinically Distinct Groups in Acute Leukemia with a Mixed Phenotype
Authors: Pallavi Galera, Deepika Dilip, Andriy Derkach, Alexander Chan, Yanming Zhang, Sonali Persaud, Tanmay Mishra, Kyle Kramer, Mahak Kathpalia, Ying Liu, Christopher A Famulare, Qi Gao, Douglas Alexander Mata, Maria E. Arcila, Mark B. Geyer, Eytan M. Stein, Ahmet Dogan, Mikhail Roshal, Ross L Levine, Jacob L. Glass, Wenbin Xiao
Journal: Blood (2025)
Infrequent Zoledronate — Small Individual Gain, Larger Population Gain
Authors: Roland Chapurlat
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2025)

Roughly half the women who have reached menopause have fragility fractures.1 Such fractures impose major burdens, such as complications, cost, and death. A variety of effective therapies are available, yet in general they are underused.2 The risk of fracture increases as bone mineral density decreases; however, although bone mineral density declines with age, the frequency distribution of bone mineral density values remains gaussian. Given this normal frequency distribution, most community-dwelling postmenopausal women have bone mineral density that is either indicative of osteopenia (T score of −2.5 to −1.0) or normal (T score of more than −1.0). Approximately 75% of fragility . . .
Influenza Vaccination Strategies in Patients with Hematologic Cancer
Authors: Victoria G Hall, Olivia C Smibert, Sheena G Sullivan, Chhay Lim, Ian G Barr, Heidi Peck, Paula Fuge-Larsen, Jessica Demajo, Emily Klimevski, Surekha Tennakoon, Natalie R Saunders, Trish Joyce, Ashley Whitechurch, Amit Khot, Mary Ann Anderson, Jason A Trubiano, Michelle K Yong, Leon J Worth, Timothy Spelman, Monica A Slavin, Benjamin W Teh
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2025)

In this trial involving patients with hematologic cancers, the immune responses that were elicited were similar for adjuvanted-dose and standard-dose influenza vaccines.
Case 2-2025: A 21-Year-Old Man with Loss of Consciousness and a Fall
Authors: Eric F Shappell, Brooks P Applewhite, Sharl S Azar, David J Lin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2025)

A 21-year-old man with sickle cell disease was evaluated after loss of consciousness resulting in a fall. MRI of the head showed no clinically significant hemorrhage or evidence of restricted diffusion. A diagnosis was made.