tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
CD37 is a safe chimeric antigen receptor target to treat acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Benjamin Caulier, Sandy Joaquina, Pascal Gelebart, Tara Helén Dowling, Fatemeh Kaveh, Moritz Thomas, Luka Tandaric, Patrik Wernhoff, Niveditha Umesh Katyayini, Cara Wogsland, May Eriksen Gjerstad, Yngvar Fløisand, Gunnar Kvalheim, Carsten Marr, Sebastian Kobold, Jorrit M. Enserink, Bjørn Tore Gjertsen, Emmet McCormack, Else Marit Inderberg, Sébastien Wälchli
Journal: Cell Reports Medicine (2024)

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by the accumulation of immature myeloid cells in the bone marrow and the peripheral blood. Nearly half of the AML patients relapse after standard induction therapy, and new forms of therapy are urgently needed. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T therapy has so far not been successful in AML due to lack of efficacy and safety. Indeed, the most attractive antigen targets are stem cell markers such as CD33 or CD123. We demonstrate that CD37, a mature B cell marker, is expressed in AML samples, and its presence correlates with the European LeukemiaNet (ELN) 2017 risk stratification. We repurpose the anti-lymphoma CD37CAR for the treatment of AML and show that CD37CAR T cells specifically kill AML cells, secrete proinflammatory cytokines, and control cancer progression in vivo. Importantly, CD37CAR T cells display no toxicity toward hematopoietic stem cells. Thus, CD37 is a promising and safe CAR T cell AML target.
Candida albicans accelerates atherosclerosis by activating intestinal hypoxia-inducible factor2α signaling
Authors: Xuemei Wang, Shuang Zhou, Xiaomin Hu, Chuan Ye, Qixing Nie, Kai Wang, Sen Yan, Jun Lin, Feng Xu, Meng Li, Qing Wu, Lulu Sun, Bo Liu, Yi Zhang, Chuyu Yun, Xian Wang, Huiying Liu, Wen-Bing Yin, Dongyu Zhao, Jing Hang, Shuyang Zhang, Changtao Jiang, Yanli Pang
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2024)
CXCL16-dependent scavenging of oxidized lipids by islet macrophages promotes differentiation of pathogenic CD8+ T cells in diabetic autoimmunity
Authors: Neetu Srivastava, Hao Hu, Orion J. Peterson, Anthony N. Vomund, Marta Stremska, Mohammad Zaman, Shilpi Giri, Tiandao Li, Cheryl F. Lichti, Pavel N. Zakharov, Bo Zhang, Nada A. Abumrad, Yi-Guang Chen, Kodi S. Ravichandran, Emil R. Unanue, Xiaoxiao Wan
Journal: Immunity (2024)

The pancreatic islet microenvironment is highly oxidative, rendering β cells vulnerable to autoinflammatory insults. Here, we examined the role of islet resident macrophages in the autoimmune attack that initiates type 1 diabetes. Islet macrophages highly expressed CXCL16, a chemokine and scavenger receptor for oxidized low-density lipoproteins (OxLDLs), regardless of autoimmune predisposition. Deletion of Cxcl16 in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice suppressed the development of autoimmune diabetes. Mechanistically, Cxcl16 deficiency impaired clearance of OxLDL by islet macrophages, leading to OxLDL accumulation in pancreatic islets and a substantial reduction in intra-islet transitory (Texint) CD8+ T cells displaying proliferative and effector signatures. Texint cells were vulnerable to oxidative stress and diminished by ferroptosis; PD-1 blockade rescued this population and reversed diabetes resistance in NOD.Cxcl16−/− mice. Thus, OxLDL scavenging in pancreatic islets inadvertently promotes differentiation of pathogenic CD8+ T cells, presenting a paradigm wherein tissue homeostasis processes can facilitate autoimmune pathogenesis in predisposed individuals.
Ecological evidence for melanoma overdiagnosis in Denmark
Authors: Catherine M Olsen
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2024)

Journal Article Accepted manuscript Ecological evidence for melanoma overdiagnosis in Denmark Get access Catherine M Olsen Catherine M Olsen Cancer Control Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia Corresponding Author: Email: catherine.olsen@qimrberghofer.edu.au https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4483-1888 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, ljae206, https://doi.org/10.1093/bjd/ljae206 Published: 16 May 2024 Article history Received: 08 May 2024 Accepted: 14 May 2024 Published: 16 May 2024
Changes in behavior and biomarkers during the diagnostic decision period for COVID-19, influenza, and group A streptococcus (GAS): a two-year prospective cohort study in Israel
Authors: Shachar Snir, Yupeng Chen, Matan Yechezkel, Tal Patalon, Erez Shmueli, Margaret L. Brandeau, Dan Yamin
Journal: The Lancet Regional Health - Europe (2024)

Limited knowledge exists regarding behavioral and biomarker shifts during the period from respiratory infection exposure to testing decisions (the diagnostic decision period), a key phase affecting transmission dynamics and public health strategy development. This study aims to examine the changes in behavior and biomarkers during the diagnostic decision period for COVID-19, influenza, and group A streptococcus (GAS).
Invasive liver abscess syndrome with central nervous system involvement caused by hypermucoviscous Klebsiella pneumoniae: positive string test
Authors: Álvaro de Oliveira Franco, Victor Uberti Dos Santos, Otávio von Ameln Lovison, Alexandre Prehn Zavascki, Afonso Luís Barth, Jonas Alex Morales Saute, Marino Muxfeldt Bianchin
Journal: The Lancet (2024)
Technical failure during colorectal endoscopic full-thickness resection: the “through thick and thin” study
Authors: Giulia Gibiino, Cecilia Binda, Luigi Giovanni Papparella, Cristiano Spada, Gianluca Andrisani, Francesco Maria Di Matteo, Mario Gagliardi, Attilio Maurano, Sandro Sferrazza, Francesco Azzolini, Giuseppe Grande, Germana de Nucci, Paola Cesaro, Giovanni Aragona, Vincenzo Cennamo, Pietro Fusaroli, Teresa Staiano, Paola Soriani, Mariachiara Campanale, Roberto Di Mitri, Francesco Pugliese, Andrea Anderloni, Alessandro Cucchetti, Alessandro Repici, Carlo Fabbri
Journal: Endoscopy (2024)

Background Endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) is an effective and safe technique for nonlifting colorectal lesions. Technical issues or failures with the full-thickness resection device (FTRD) system are reported, but there are no detailed data. The aim of our study was to quantify and classify FTRD technical failures. Methods We performed a retrospective study involving 17 Italian centers with experience in advanced resection techniques and the required devices. Each center shared and classified all prospectively collected consecutive failures during colorectal EFTR using the FTRD from 2018 to 2022. The primary outcome was the technical failure rate and their classification; secondary outcomes included subsequent management, clinical success, and complications. Results Included lesions were mainly recurrent (52 %), with a mean (SD) dimension of 18.4 (7.5) mm. Among 750 EFTRs, failures occurred in 77 patients (35 women; mean [SD] age 69.4 [8.9] years). A classification was proposed: type I, snare noncutting (53 %); type II, clip misdeployment (31 %); and type III, cap misplacement (16 %). Among endoscopic treatments completed, rescue endoscopic mucosal resection was performed in 57 patients (74 %), allowing en bloc and R0 resection in 71 % and 64 %, respectively. The overall adverse event rate was 27.3 %. Pooled estimates for the rates of failure, complications, and rescue endoscopic therapy were similar for low and high volume centers (P = 0.08, P = 0.70, and P = 0.71, respectively). Conclusions Colorectal EFTR with the FTRD is a challenging technique with a non-negligible rate of technical failure and complications. Experience in rescue resection techniques and multidisciplinary management are mandatory in this setting.
Beyond the scope: diverticular disease and post-colonoscopy colorectal cancer
Authors: Elisabeth Waldmann
Journal: Endoscopy (2024)

Colonoscopy is considered the gold standard for colorectal cancer (CRC) prevention. It decreases the risk of developing CRC through detection and removal of precancerous colorectal lesions, adenomas, and serrated polyps. Since the implementation of screening programs, the incidence and mortality rates of CRC have decreased [1]. However, post-colonoscopy colorectal cancer (PCCRC), which is defined as CRC diagnosed after a colonoscopy and the scheduled surveillance colonoscopy, occurs in a significant number of patients. Risk factors for PCCRC include poor performance quality of the endoscopist, presence of high risk polyps at the index colonoscopy, increased patient age, and comorbidities of the patient [2] [3].
Inflation and health: a global scoping review
Authors: Ani Movsisyan, Flora Wendel, Alison Bethel, Michaela Coenen, Joanna Krajewska, Hannah Littlecott, Heidi Stöckl, Stephan Voss, Timo Wollmershäuser, Eva Rehfuess
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2024)

High levels of economic inflation can adversely affect societies and individuals in many ways. Although numerous studies explore the health implications of macroeconomic factors, systematic investigation of the inflation-health nexus has been scarce. We conducted a comprehensive scoping review mapping the literature on inflation and health. From 8923 screened records, 69 empirical studies were analysed. These studies explored a wide range of health-related risk factors (eg, diet, substance use, stress, and violence) and outcomes (eg, life expectancy, mortality, suicidal behaviour, and mental health) linked to inflation, across diverse contexts and timeframes. The findings suggest a predominantly negative effect of inflation on health, with specific socioeconomic groups facing greater risks. Our Review uncovers notable gaps in the literature, particularly in geographical coverage, methodological approaches, and specific health outcomes. Among global socioeconomic and geopolitical shifts, understanding and mitigating the health effects of inflation is of contemporary relevance and merits thorough academic attention.
Local triamcinolone injection and selective add-on oral steroids to prevent esophageal post-endoscopic submucosal dissection stricture: a retrospective analysis in a Western center
Authors: Dorian Carpentier, Gael Englebert, Lukas Otero Sanchez, Ana-Maria Bucalau, Laurine Verset, Pieter Demetter, Pierre Eisendrath, Jacques Devière, Arnaud Lemmers
Journal: Endoscopy (2024)

Abstract Background Extensive esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissections (ESDs) without preventive measures carry a high risk of stricture. Oral steroids and local injection of triamcinolone acetonide have proven to be effective in Asia for the prevention of esophageal stricture. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of a systematic steroid administration protocol for stricture prevention in a Western center. Methods A retrospective review was conducted of all esophageal ESDs performed at H.U.B. Erasme Hospital, Brussels between 2016 and 2022. Injection of triamcinolone was performed for mucosal defects between 50% and 89% of the circumference. We added oral corticosteroids for patients with resections of ≥90% of the circumference. The primary outcome was the incidence of symptomatic stenosis at 3 months. Secondary outcomes included the cumulative stricture rate assessed by endoscopy within 6 months of ESD. Potential risk factors of stricture were evaluated with univariate and multivariate analysis. Results 111 patients underwent 130 esophageal ESDs, with 59 patients receiving triamcinolone acetonide local injection and eight receiving local and oral corticosteroids. The primary outcome demonstrated a stricture incidence of 8.4%. The cumulative stricture rate assessed by endoscopy within 6 months of ESD was 10.4%. A mucosal defect of ≥60 mm in length was associated with a 15-fold increased risk of stricture, with circumferential extent also identified as being an independent prognostic factor for stricture. Conclusions Our protocol led to a low stricture rate, even after extensive resection. As a single session treatment without systemic side effects, triamcinolone injection could provide benefits as a preventive method after large esophageal resections.
Predicting mortality within 1 year of ART initiation in children and adolescents living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa: a retrospective observational cohort study
Authors: Alexander Kay, Bhekumusa Lukhele, Sandile Dlamini, Abigail Seeger, Phumzile Dlamini, Sandile Ndabezitha, Nobuhle Mthethwa, Teresa Steffy, Lilian Komba, Pauline Amuge, Eunice Ketangenyi, Peter Elyanu, Adamson Munthali, Amos Msekandiana, Yvonne Maldonado, Elizabeth Chiao, Adeodata Kekitiinwa, Lineo Thahane, Lumumba Mwita, H Lester Kirchner, Anna Maria Mandalakas
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2024)

Differentiated service delivery (DSD) for children and adolescents living with HIV can improve targeted resource use. We derived a mortality prediction score to guide clinical decision making for children and adolescents living with HIV. Data for this retrospective observational cohort study were evaluated for all children and adolescents living with HIV and initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART); aged 0-19 years; and enrolled at Baylor clinics in Eswatini, Malawi, Lesotho, Tanzania, and Uganda between 2005 and 2020. Data for clinical prediction, including anthropometric values, physical examination, ART, WHO stage, and laboratory tests were captured at ART initiation. Backward stepwise variable selection and logistic regression were performed to develop predictive models for mortality within 1 year of ART initiation. Probabilities of mortality were generated, compared with true outcomes, internally validated, and evaluated against WHO advanced HIV criteria. The study population included 16 958 children and adolescents living with HIV and initiated on ART between May 18, 2005, and Dec 18, 2020. Predictive variables for the most accurate model included: age, CD4 percentage, white blood cell count, haemoglobin concentration, platelet count, and BMI Z score as continuous variables, and WHO clinical stage and oedema, abnormal muscle tone and respiratory distress on examination as categorical variables. The area under the curve (AUC) of the predictive model was 0·851 (95% CI 0·839-0·863) in the training set and 0·822 (0·800-0·845) in the test set, compared with 0·606 (0·595-0·617) for the WHO advanced HIV criteria (p<0·0001). This study evaluated a large, multinational population to derive a mortality prediction tool for children and adolescents living with HIV. The model more accurately predicted clinical outcomes than the WHO advanced HIV criteria and has the potential to improve DSD for children and adolescents living with HIV in high-burden settings. National Institute of Health Fogarty International Center.
Economic implications of novel regimens for tuberculosis treatment in three high-burden countries: a modelling analysis
Authors: Theresa S Ryckman, Samuel G Schumacher, Christian Lienhardt, Sedona Sweeney, David W Dowdy, Fuad Mirzayev, Emily A Kendall
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2024)

BackgroundWith numerous trials investigating novel drug combinations to treat tuberculosis, we aimed to evaluate the extent to which future improvements in tuberculosis treatment regimens could offset potential increases in drug costs.MethodsIn this modelling analysis, we used an ingredients-based approach to estimate prices at which novel regimens for rifampin-susceptible and rifampin-resistant tuberculosis treatment would be cost-neutral or cost-effective compared with standards of care in India, the Philippines, and South Africa. We modelled regimens meeting targets set in the WHO's 2023 Target Regimen Profiles (TRPs). Our decision-analytical model tracked cohorts of adults initiating rifampin-susceptible or rifampin-resistant tuberculosis treatment, simulating their health outcomes and costs accumulated during and following treatment under standard-of-care and novel regimen scenarios. Price thresholds included short-term cost-neutrality (considering only savings accrued during treatment), medium-term cost-neutrality (additionally considering savings from averted retreatments and secondary cases), and cost-effectiveness (incorporating willingness-to-pay for improved health outcomes).FindingsTotal medium-term costs per person treated using standard-of-care regimens were estimated at US$450 (95% uncertainty interval 310–630) in India, $560 (350–860) in the Philippines, and $730 (530–1090) in South Africa for rifampin-susceptible tuberculosis (current drug costs $46) and $2100 (1590–2810) in India, $2610 (2090–3280) in the Philippines, and $3790 (3090–4630) in South Africa for rifampin-resistant tuberculosis (current drug costs $432). A rifampin-susceptible tuberculosis regimen meeting the optimal targets defined in the TRPs could be cost-neutral in the short term at drug costs of $140 (90–210) per full course in India, $230 (130–380) in the Philippines, and $280 (180–460) in South Africa. For rifampin-resistant tuberculosis, short-term cost-neutral thresholds were higher with $930 (720–1230) in India, $1180 (980–1430) in the Philippines, and $1480 (1230–1780) in South Africa. Medium-term cost-neutral prices were approximately $50–100 higher than short-term cost-neutral prices for rifampin-susceptible tuberculosis and $250–550 higher for rifampin-resistant tuberculosis. Health system cost-neutral prices that excluded patient-borne costs were 45–70% lower (rifampin-susceptible regimens) and 15–50% lower (rifampin-resistant regimens) than the cost-neutral prices that included patient costs. Cost-effective prices were substantially higher. Shorter duration was the most important driver of medium-term savings with novel regimens, followed by ease of adherence.InterpretationImproved tuberculosis regimens, particularly shorter regimens or those that facilitate better adherence, could reduce overall costs, potentially offsetting higher prices.FundingWHO.
Factors associated with medical consumable availability in level 1 facilities in Malawi: a secondary analysis of a facility census
Authors: Sakshi Mohan, Tara D Mangal, Tim Colbourn, Martin Chalkley, Chikhulupiliro Chimwaza, Joseph H Collins, Matthew M Graham, Eva Janoušková, Britta Jewell, Godfrey Kadewere, Ines Li Lin, Gerald Manthalu, Joseph Mfutso-Bengo, Emmanuel Mnjowe, Margherita Molaro, Dominic Nkhoma, Paul Revill, Bingling She, Robert Manning Smith, Wiktoria Tafesse, Asif U Tamuri, Pakwanja Twea, Andrew N Phillips, Timothy B Hallett
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2024)
Cancer survival in sub-Saharan Africa (SURVCAN-3): a population-based study
Authors: W Yvonne Joko-Fru, Aude Bardot, Phiona Bukirwa, Salmane Amidou, Guy N'da, Edom Woldetsadik, Gladys Chesumbai, Anne Korir, Bakarou Kamaté, Marvin Koon, Rolf Hansen, Anne Finesse, Nontuthuzelo Somdyala, Eric Chokunonga, Tatenda Chigonzoh, Biying Liu, Eva Johanna Kantelhardt, Donald Maxwell Parkin, Isabelle Soerjomataram
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2024)

The Cancer Survival in Africa, Asia, and South America project (SURVCAN-3) of the International Agency for Research on Cancer aims to fill gaps in the availability of population-level cancer survival estimates from countries in these regions. Here, we analysed survival for 18 cancers using data from member registries of the African Cancer Registry Network across 11 countries in sub-Saharan Africa.
Post-exposure prophylaxis in leprosy (PEOPLE): a cluster randomised trial
Authors: Epco Hasker, Younoussa Assoumani, Andriamira Randrianantoandro, Stéphanie Ramboarina, Sofie Marijke Braet, Bertrand Cauchoix, Abdallah Baco, Aboubacar Mzembaba, Zahara Salim, Mohammed Amidy, Saverio Grillone, Nissad Attoumani, Sillahi Halifa Grillone, Maya Ronse, Koen Peeters Grietens, Mala Rakoto-Andrianarivelo, Hanitra Harinjatovo, Philip Supply, Rian Snijders, Carolien Hoof, Achilleas Tsoumanis, Philip Suffys, Tahinamandranto Rasamoelina, Paul Corstjens, Nimer Ortuno-Gutierrez, Annemieke Geluk, Emmanuelle Cambau, Bouke Catharina de Jong
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2024)
Handheld echocardiography for the screening and diagnosis of rheumatic heart disease: a systematic review to inform WHO guidelines
Authors: Rui Providência, Ghazaleh Aali, Fang Zhu, Thomas Katairo, Mahmood Ahmad, Jonathan J H Bray, Ferruccio Pelone, Mohammed Y Khanji, Eloi Marijon, Miryan Cassandra, David S Celermajer, Farhad Shokraneh
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2024)

Early detection and diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease are key to preventing progression, and echocardiography has an important diagnostic role. Standard echocardiography might not be feasible in high-prevalence regions due to its high cost, complexity, and time requirement. Handheld echocardiography might be an easy-to-use, low-cost alternative, but its performance in screening for and diagnosing acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease needs further investigation.
Duration of androgen deprivation therapy with postoperative radiotherapy for prostate cancer: a comparison of long-course versus short-course androgen deprivation therapy in the RADICALS-HD randomised trial
Authors: Chris C Parker, Howard Kynaston, Adrian D Cook, Noel W Clarke, Charles N Catton, William R Cross, Peter M Petersen, Rajendra A Persad, Cheryl A Pugh, Fred Saad, John Logue, Heather Payne, Lorna C Bower, Chris Brawley, Mary Rauchenberger, Maroie Barkati, David M Bottomley, Klaus Brasso, Hans T Chung, Peter W M Chung, Ruth Conroy, Alison Falconer, Vicky Ford, Chee L Goh, Catherine M Heath, Nicholas D James, Charmaine Kim-Sing, Ravi Kodavatiganti, Shawn C Malone, Stephen L Morris, Abdenour Nabid, Aldrich D Ong, Rakesh Raman, Sree Rodda, Paula Wells, Jane Worlding, Wendy R Parulekar, Mahesh K B Parmar, Matthew R Sydes
Journal: The Lancet (2024)
Reply to ‘Letter to the Editor regarding “Timing of radiotherapy (RT) after radical prostatectomy (RP): long-term outcomes in the RADICALS-RT trial [NCT00541047]”, by C. C. Parker et al.’
Authors: C.C. Parker, C.N. Catton, N. Clarke, P. Meidahl, M. Parmar, W. Parulekar, M. Sydes
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2024)
Re: “Timing of radiotherapy (RT) after radical prostatectomy (RP): Long-term outcomes in the RADICALS-RT trial [NCT00541047]”, by C. C. Parker et al. Ann Oncol. 2024 Apr 5:S0923-7534(24)00105-4
Authors: E. Mazzone, G. Gandaglia, A. Briganti, F. Montorsi
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2024)
A Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody Targeting Psl and PcrV Enhances Neutrophil-Mediated Killing of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> in Patients with Bronchiectasis
Authors: Merete B. Long, Amy Gilmour, Margaret Kehl, David E. Tabor, Ashley E. Keller, Paul Warrener, Vancheswaran Gopalakrishnan, Sanna Rosengren, Megan L. Crichton, Eve McIntosh, Yan Hui Giam, Holly R. Keir, Wayne Brailsford, Rod Hughes, Maria G. Belvisi, Bret R. Sellman, Antonio DiGiandomenico, James D. Chalmers
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2024)

infection is associated with worse outcomes in bronchiectasis. Impaired neutrophil antimicrobial responses contribute to bacterial persistence. Gremubamab is a bivalent, bispecific monoclonal antibody targeting Psl exopolysaccharide and the type 3 secretion system component PcrV.
Clinical utility of the novel oncological criteria of resectability for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Junichi Shindoh, Yusuke Kawamura, Keiichi Akahoshi, Masaru Matsumura, Satoshi Okubo, Norio Akuta, Minoru Tanabe, Norihiro Kokudo, Yoshiyuki Suzuki, Masaji Hashimoto
Journal: Liver Cancer (2024)

Introduction of new systemic therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has led to the development of new oncological criteria of resectability for the resectability of HCC. This study was aimed at validating the prognosticating ability and clinical utility of the resectability classification based on the novel criteria in real-world clinical practice.