tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Low-Carbohydrate Diet Macronutrient Quality and Weight Change
Authors: Binkai Liu, Yang Hu, Sharan K. Rai, Molin Wang, Frank B. Hu, Qi Sun
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Importance The associations of low-carbohydrate diets (LCDs) with long-term weight management remains unclear, and the source and quality of macronutrients within LCDs are less explored. Objectives To prospectively examine associations between changes in LCD indices and weight change among US adults. Design, Setting, and Participants This prospective cohort study included initially healthy participants at baseline from the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS; 1986-2010), Nurses’ Health Study II (NHSII; 1991-2015), and Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS; 1986-2018). Data analysis was performed between November 2022 and April 2023. Exposures Five LCD indices were examined: (1) a total LCD (TLCD) emphasizing overall lower carbohydrate intake; (2) an animal-based LCD (ALCD) that emphasized animal-sourced protein and fat; (3) a vegetable-based LCD (VLCD) that emphasized plant-sourced protein and fat; (4) a healthy LCD (HLCD) emphasizing less refined carbohydrates, more plant protein, and healthy fat; and (5) an unhealthy LCD (ULCD) emphasizing less healthful carbohydrates, more animal protein, and unhealthy fat. Main Outcomes and Measures The outcome of interest was 4-year changes in self-reported body weight. Results A total of 123 332 participants (mean [SD] age, 45.0 [9.7] years; 103 320 [83.8%] female) were included in this study. The median carbohydrate intake (as a percentage of energy) of the highest quintiles of TLCD score at baseline ranged from 38.3% in HPFS to 40.9% in NHSII. Mean weight gain over 4-year intervals among participants varied from 0.8 kg in the HPFS to 1.8 kg in the NHSII. After adjusting for demographics and baseline and concomitant changes of selected lifestyle factors, each 1-SD increase in TLCD score was associated with 0.06 (95% CI, 0.04-0.08) kg more weight gain over the 4-year periods. Similarly, participants gained 0.13 (95% CI, 0.11 to 0.14) kg per each 1-SD increase in ALCD score and 0.39 (95% CI, 0.37 to 0.40) kg per each 1-SD change in ULCD score. In contrast, each 1-SD increase in VLCD score was associated with 0.03 (95% CI, 0.01 to 0.04) kg less weight gain, and each 1-SD increase in HLCD score was associated with 0.36 (95% CI, 0.35 to 0.38) kg less weight gain. The associations were more pronounced among obese individuals (per 1-SD increase in HLCD score: BMI ≥30, 0.88 [95% CI, 0.80, 0.97] kg less weight gain; BMI &amp;amp;lt;25, 0.23 [95% CI, 0.20, 0.26] kg less weight gain; P for interaction &amp;amp;lt; .001). Conclusions and Relevance These findings suggest that the quality of LCDs may play a critical role in modulating long-term weight change. Only LCDs that emphasized high-quality protein, fat, and carbohydrates from whole grains and other plant-based foods were associated with less weight gain.
Prenatal Exposure to Severe Stress and Risks of Ischemic Heart Disease and Stroke in Offspring
Authors: Fen Yang, Imre Janszky, Nathalie Roos, Jiong Li, Krisztina D. László
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Importance Prenatal stress is associated with increased risks of several cardiovascular risk factors later in life. However, knowledge regarding the role of prenatal stress in the development of ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke is very limited. Objective To examine prenatal stress, defined as maternal bereavement, and risks of IHD and stroke in the offspring. Design, Setting, and Participants A cohort study was conducted using data from Danish and Swedish registries. Live singleton births during calendar years 1973-2016 in Denmark (followed up until December 31, 2016) and during calendar years 1973-2014 in Sweden (followed up until December 31, 2021) were included in the analysis. Exposure Maternal loss of a close family member (partner, older children, parents, or siblings) the year before or during the pregnancy. Main Outcome and Measures Diagnoses of IHD and stroke. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for IHD and stroke in the offspring according to maternal bereavement. Results The study included 6 758 560 births (39.4% from Denmark; 51.4% boys). During the median follow-up of 24.6 (IQR, 13.9-35.1) years, 8664 offspring (0.1%) were diagnosed with IHD and 13 094 with stroke (0.2%). Overall, maternal bereavement the year before or during pregnancy was not associated with IHD (adjusted HR [AHR], 0.98; 95% CI, 0.85-1.13) or stroke (AHR, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.94-1.16) in offspring. Similarly, no associations were observed when exposure was classified by the mother’s relationship to the deceased individual, ie, loss of older child or partner (HR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.64-1.14 for IHD and 0.98; 95% CI, 0.77-1.25 for stroke) or loss of parent or sibling (HR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.87-1.21 for IHD and 1.06; 95% CI, 0.94-1.19 for stroke). However, associations between loss in the third trimester and IHD (AHR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.06-2.13), and loss due to cardiovascular disease and stroke (AHR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.03-1.44) were identified when exposure was classified by time of loss or the relative’s cause of death. Conclusions and Relevance The findings of this study provide little support for the hypothesis that prenatal stress is associated with risks of IHD and stroke in the first 5 decades of life. However, the association observed between stress in the third trimester and IHD warrants further investigation.
Sociocultural Risk and Resilience in the Context of Adverse Childhood Experiences
Authors: Sara B. VanBronkhorst, Eyal Abraham, Renald Dambreville, Maria A. Ramos-Olazagasti, Melanie Wall, David C. Saunders, Catherine Monk, Margarita Alegría, Glorisa J. Canino, Hector Bird, Cristiane S. Duarte
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2023)

Knowledge about childhood resilience factors relevant in circumstances of marginalization and high numbers of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) can improve interventions.
High Melanoma Rates in the American Indian and Alaska Native Population—A Unique Challenge
Authors: Lucinda L. Kohn, Shannon W. Zullo, Spero M. Manson
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Consistency and Accuracy of Artificial Intelligence for Providing Nutritional Information
Authors: Yen Nhi Hoang, Ya-Ling Chen, Dang Khanh Ngan Ho, Wan-Chun Chiu, Khang-Jin Cheah, Noor Rohmah Mayasari, Jung-Su Chang
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

This cross-sectional study analyzes the accuracy of nutrition information from artificial intelligence (AI) in comparison with a nutritionist.
Amending the Pain Scale Used for Postoperative Pain Studies
Authors: David Rubin, David F. Lo
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Virtual Visits With Own Family Physician vs Outside Family Physician and Emergency Department Use
Authors: Lauren Lapointe-Shaw, Christine Salahub, Peter C. Austin, Li Bai, R. Sacha Bhatia, Cherryl Bird, Richard H. Glazier, Lindsay Hedden, Noah M. Ivers, Danielle Martin, Jennifer Shuldiner, Sheryl Spithoff, Mina Tadrous, Tara Kiran
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Virtual visits became more common after the COVID-19 pandemic, but it is unclear in what context they are best used.
Reply: Improving access to transient elastography data for real-world prognostic applications in primary biliary cholangitis
Authors: Christophe Corpechot, Sara Lemoinne, Pierre-Antoine Soret, Olivier Chazouillères, Victor de Lédinghen
Journal: Hepatology (2023)

We thank Wiegand and colleagues for their comments on our recent work, which shows that measurement of liver stiffness by transient elastography (TE) improves risk prediction in primary biliary cholangitis beyond biochemical response to treatment, enabling personalized follow-up and also helps identify patients requiring second-line therapy, which should change patient management.1,2 We recognize that our data are not yet fully generalizable to routine use, as many small centers or private practices are not yet equipped with TE or equivalent devices. This raises the question of the still suboptimal access to these tools. However, a number of facts do suggest that the use of TE will become more widespread in everyday practice. First, TE will play a key role in the indication of treatment and follow-up of patients with metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease, which will encourage many centers to equip themselves.3 Second, the price of FibroScan should fall thanks to competition, which, in time, will facilitate distribution and access. Finally, the systematic use of elastography in abdominal ultrasound scanners should rapidly become widespread. In this respect, it is important to note that, at least in patients with metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (but the same is probably true for primary biliary cholangitis), TE and two-dimensional shear-wave elastography, the elastography technique most commonly used in ultrasound scanners, have similar performance with the same detection thresholds.4 Ultimately, all these factors should contribute to the widespread use of liver stiffness measurement in medical practice and thus to better management of patients with primary biliary cholangitis.
Concerns About In-Hospital Complications, Transport Time, and Comorbidities in a Study of Emergency Department Pediatric Readiness
Authors: Wen-Kai Cai, Yin-Chun Tien, Chia-Hao Hsu
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Disproportionate Death Rates Reported in US Prisons Early in the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Emily Harris
Journal: JAMA (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Portal Vein Thrombosis After Transarterial Embolization for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Marisa E. Schwab, Hannah C. Decker, Alexander Monto, Rajiv Sawhney, Carlos U. Corvera
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2023)

This cross-sectional study assesses the association between venous thrombosis and embolization in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
Syndromic Antibiograms and Nursing Home Clinicians’ Antibiotic Choices for Urinary Tract Infections
Authors: Lindsay N. Taylor, Brigid M. Wilson, Mriganka Singh, Jessica Irvine, Sally A. Jolles, Corinne Kowal, Taissa A. Bej, Christopher J. Crnich, Robin L. P. Jump
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Empirical antibiotic prescribing in nursing homes (NHs) is often suboptimal. The potential for antibiograms to improve empirical antibiotic decision-making in NHs remains poorly understood. To determine whether providing NH clinicians with a urinary antibiogram improves empirical antibiotic treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs). This was a survey study using clinical vignettes. Participants were recruited via convenience sampling of professional organization listservs of NH clinicians practicing in the US from December 2021 through April 2022. Data were analyzed from July 2022 to June 2023. Respondents were randomized to complete vignettes using a traditional antibiogram (TA), a weighted-incidence syndromic combination antibiogram (WISCA), or no tool. Participants randomized to antibiogram groups were asked to use the antibiogram to empirically prescribe an antibiotic. Participants randomized to the no tool group functioned as controls. Empirical antibiotic selections were characterized as microbiologically (1) active and (2) optimal according to route of administration and spectrum of activity. Of 317 responses, 298 (95%) were included in the analysis. Duplicate responses (15 participants), location outside the US (2 participants), and uninterpretable responses (2 participants) were excluded. Most respondents were physicians (217 respondents [73%]) and had over 10 years of NH practice experience (155 respondents [52%]). A mixed-effects logistic model found that use of the TA (odds ratio [OR], 1.41; 95% CI, 1.19-1.68; P < .001) and WISCA (OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.30-1.84; P < .001) were statistically superior to no tool when choosing an active empirical antibiotic. A similarly constructed model found that use of the TA (OR, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.42-2.66; P < .001) and WISCA (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.24-2.33; P = .003) were statistically superior to no tool when selecting an optimal empirical antibiotic. Although there were differences between tools within specific vignettes, when compared across all vignettes, the TA and WISCA performed similarly for active (OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.92-1.30; P = .59) and optimal (OR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.64-1.20; P = .69) antibiotics. Providing NH clinicians with a urinary antibiogram was associated with selection of active and optimal antibiotics when empirically treating UTIs under simulated conditions. Although the antibiogram format was not associated with decision-making in aggregate, context-specific effects may have been present, supporting further study of syndromic antibiograms in clinical practice.
Test Using Routine Pap Smears Could Diagnose Ovarian Cancer Early
Authors: Emily Harris
Journal: JAMA (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Amending the Pain Scale Used for Postoperative Pain Studies—Reply
Authors: Shannon T. Nugent, Cerrene N. Giordano, Jeremy R. Etzkorn
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
STRONG-HF Evidence for Proactive, Patient-Centered Prescribing
Authors: Larry A. Allen, Jocelyn S. Thompson, Josef Stehlik
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Cardiology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Cardiology journal
A Video-Based Procedure-Specific Competency Assessment Tool for Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy
Authors: Mirte H. M. Ketel, Bastiaan R. Klarenbeek, Yassin Eddahchouri, Edward Cheong, Miguel A. Cuesta, Elke van Daele, Lorenzo E. Ferri, Suzanne S. Gisbertz, Christian A. Gutschow, Michal Hubka, Arnulf H. Hölscher, Simon Law, Misha D. P. Luyer, Robert E. Merritt, Christopher R. Morse, Carmen L. Mueller, Grard A. P. Nieuwenhuijzen, Magnus Nilsson, Piet Pattyn, Yaxing Shen, Frits J. H. van den Wildenberg, Inger L. Abma, Camiel Rosman, Frans van Workum
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2023)

Minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) is a complex procedure with substantial learning curves. In other complex minimally invasive procedures, suboptimal surgical performance has convincingly been associated with less favorable patient outcomes as assessed by peer review of the surgical procedure.
E‐Suture: Mixed‐Conducting Suture for Medical Devices
Authors: Onni J. Rauhala, Liang Ma, Duncan J. Wisniewski, Shan Shao, Brandon Schumacher, Jose Ferrero Lopez, Mara Kaspers, Zifang Zhao, Jennifer N. Gelinas, Dion Khodagholy
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Modern implantable bioelectronics demand soft, biocompatible components that make robust, low-impedance connections with the body and circuit elements. Concurrently, such technologies must demonstrate high efficiency, with the ability to interface between the body's ionic and external electronic charge carriers. Here, a mixed-conducting suture, the e-suture, is presented. Composed of silk, the conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS), and insulating jacketing polymers,the resulting e-suture has mixed-conducting properties at the interface with biological tissue as well as effective insulation along its length. The e-suture can be mechanically integrated into electronics, enabling the acquisition of biopotentials such as electrocardiograms, electromyograms, and local field potentials (LFP). Chronic, in vivo acquisition of LFP with e-sutures remains stable for months with robust brain activity patterns. Furthermore, e-sutures can establish electrophoretic-based local drug delivery, potentially offering enhanced anatomical targeting and decreased side effects associated with systemic administration, while maintaining an electrically conducting interface for biopotential monitoring. E-sutures expand on the conventional role of sutures and wires by providing a soft, biocompatible, and mechanically sound structure that additionally has multifunctional capacity for sensing, stimulation, and drug delivery.