tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 17209: Diabetes Mellitus Potentially Can Cause Diastolic Dysfunction
Authors: Megan Sturdy, Euy-Myoung Jeong, Samuel C Dudley
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Diastolic dysfunction (DD) is observed in about 40% of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). DM is associated with DD in epidemiological trails. Previously, cardiac oxidation and fibrosis have been associated with DD in animal models. We sought to determine whether these mechanisms occurred in the DM type 2 KK.CgAy mouse model. Furthermore, we sought to determine if advanced glycosylation end products (AGE), oxidative stress, and fibrosis may be involved in causing DD. Methods: Echocardiography and single cell measures of cardiomyocytes were used to determine if wild type (C57/BL6J) and KK.CgAy mice had DD. Western blotting against dinitorphenylhydrozone derivatizatives detected oxidized protein levels (Oxyblot) and immunohistochemistry was performed to determine collagen levels. Sarcomere function of contraction and relaxation were assessed by IonOptix System under stimulation at 1.0Hz, 4ms duration at 37’C perfusion. Results: The DM type 2 KK.CgAy mouse model shows DD by echocardiography. The ratio of E ‘/A’ is significantly lower in KK.CgAy compared to C57 control mice (0.73 ± 0.17 vs. control 1.08 ± 0.28, P&lt;0.05). There was no difference in AGE, TGF-β, or collagen levels when comparing control group to KK.CgAy mice. Oxidatively modified proteins under 50 KDa were significantly increased in KK.CgAy mice (3.44 ± 0.09 fold, P&lt;0.01). Indicative of DD, resting sarcomere length was shorter in KK.CgAy mice (1.65 ± 0.01 μ m vs. control 1.83 ± 0.01 μ m, P&lt;0.001). The isolated myocyte relaxation constant, tau, was significantly increased in KK.CgAy mice (0.13 ± 0.01 μ m vs. control 0.08 ± 0.01, P&lt;0.01) indicating relaxation impairment of diasolic dysfunction in DM model. Conclusion: Our study indicates that DM can cause DD and that the molecular mechanism is associated with oxidative modification of proteins. Fibrosis and advanced glycosylation end products were not associated with DD in the DM type 2 KK.CgAy mouse model.
Abstract 16035: Epidemiological Evidence Suggests CAV3 T78M Should be Considered a Benign Polymorphism and not an Independent, Multi-Disease-Susceptibility Mutation
Authors: Thomas E Callis, Janet L Carr, Lisa Susswein, Guido D Pollevick, Benjamin A Salisbury
Journal: Circulation (2011)

INTRODUCTION: CAV3 T78M has been reported to be a proarrhythmic mutation associated with Long QT Syndrome (LQTS) and other diseases. The purpose of this study was to determine if CAV3 T78M is a pat...
Low Testosterone
Authors: Deborah Tolmach Sugerman
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Rebecca Vigen, MD, MSCS; Colin I. O’Donnell, MS; Anna E. Barón, PhD; Gary K. Grunwald, PhD; Thomas M. Maddox, MD, MSc; Steven M. Bradley, MD, MPH; Al Barqawi, MD; Glenn Woning, MD; Margaret E. Wierman, MD; Mary E. Plomondon, PhD; John S. Rumsfeld, MD, PhD; P. Michael Ho, MD, PhD
Current Issues in Cancer: Is there an epidemic of cancer?
Authors: D Coggon, H Inskip
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Trends in cancer mortality in England and Wales are dominated by a slowly evolving epidemic of lung cancer attributable to smoking. When the substantial effects of tobacco are discounted there is no evidence that the overall incidence of cancer is rising, but striking trends are apparent for several specific tumours. These may offer important clues to aetiology.
Abstract 16319: 13C Pantoprazole Breath Test Can Predict the Antiplatelet Effect of Clopidogrel After 300mg Loading
Authors: Junichi Tazaki, Hisanori Horiuchi, Toshikazu Jinnai, Tomohisa Tada, Tomoyuki Ikeda, Keiichiro Yamane, Takeshi Kimura
Journal: Circulation (2010)
Abstract 42: CPR with a Pulse: Confusion Among Healthcare Providers
Authors: Brandon E Giberson, Joseph Miller, David Gaieski, Benjamin Abella, Charles Wira, Michael Cocchi, Michael Donnino
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: Healthcare providers nationwide are routinely trained in ACLS, a program from the AHA that teaches participants how to manage cardiac arrest events. Recent changes in ACLS teaching have de-emphasized routine pulse checks in an effort to promote uninterrupted chest compressions. We hypothesized that clinicians strictly following the AHA ACLS algorithm may be unsure of the appropriate next action when a resuscitation team member detects a pulse following defibrillation, leading the resuscitator to continue compressions for another two minutes and potentially consider additional medications. Methods: We constructed an internet survey with scenario-based ACLS questions. The survey link was offered to ACLS providers at 4 major medical centers in the U.S. Inclusion criteria consisted of adult staff member of participating institution with ACLS certification. Results: A total of 347 surveys met all criteria and were analyzed. The majority (51%) of responders were between the ages of 26-32, and 59.6% were female. Among the analyzed cohort, 54.2 % of responders stated they would continue compressions (+/- other therapies) when a team member detects a pulse following defibrillation whereas 45.8% chose to cease CPR. Of those who chose to continue CPR in patients with a pulse, 42% selected CPR only, 10% selected epinephrine or vasopressin along with CPR, 20% provided amiodarone, and 29% provided both epinephrine and amiodarone. When stratified by profession, 60.2 % of physician participants chose to continue chest compressions in the presence of a pulse, while 47.2 % of nurse responders chose to continue chest compressions. Conclusion: In this investigation we found that confusion exists as to whether or not CPR and cardiac medications should be continued in the presence of a pulse. Educational initiatives to encourage providers to avoid compressions and medications when a palpable pulse is detected may be necessary.
Subtle and underrecognized side effects of neuroleptic treatment in children with Tourette's disorder
Authors: R D Bruun
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1988)

A variety of side effects developed in children treated with neuroleptics for Tourette's disorder. Of 208 children, 34 manifested dose-related symptoms of dysphoria, nine experienced a worsening of symptoms of Tourette's disorder that was attributed to akathisia, five became hostile and aggressive, three developed "fog states" that disappeared with discontinuation of neuroleptics or treatment with primidone, and three experienced symptoms of tardive dyskinesia that resolved with time. This data base of neuroleptic-treated children with Tourette's disorder demonstrates a variety of subtle and underrecognized side effects that may not be as readily discernible in children receiving neuroleptics for a primary psychiatric disorder.
Abstract P271: Sedentary Behavior and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in a Middle-income Country: The Grenada Heart Project
Authors: Vaani Garg, Rajesh Vedanthan, Samantha Sartori, Mark Woodward, Sameer Bansilal, Rupa Iyengar, Alexander Charney, Claire Graves, Marilyn Hunn, Marcelle Lewis, Michael Farkouh, Valentin Fuster
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Introduction: Sedentary behavior (SB) has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in high-income countries. However, the burden and impact of SB in low- and middle-income countries is not well known. This study examined self-reported sedentary behavior and the association with CVD risk in Grenada, a middle-income country. Methods: A modified WHO STEPS survey was administered to a random sample of the Grenadian adult population, and sedentary behavior was assessed. Participants were asked to quantify the amount of time per day spent sitting (at home or work), reclining (excluding during sleep), or traveling in a vehicle. SB was assessed in hourly intervals and also grouped into two categories: 3 hours or less (approximately two thirds of the sample) and greater than 3 hours (approximately one third). Frequency of SB was compared across gender (age-standardized), age, and education groups. The relationship between SB and log-transformed 10-year CVD risk (Framingham) was evaluated using multivariable linear regression. Statistical analyses were performed using STATA v. 10. Results: Of 2622 participants, 32.4% reported greater than 3 hours per day of SB. SB was more common among men, among the youngest (age 18-29) and oldest (age 70+) individuals, and among those with higher education ( Table ). In univariate analysis, SB was adversely associated with 10-year CVD risk (p&lt;0.05). However, after controlling for gender, age and education, SB was not significantly associated with 10-year CVD risk. Conclusions: Sedentary behavior in Grenada is more common among men, extremes of age, and higher education levels. Increased SB is not independently associated with 10-year CVD risk when controlling for gender, age and education. This is in contrast to findings in high-income countries. These results call for further exploration of the patterns of sedentary behavior, an emerging health issue in low- and middle-income countries, and its effect on CVD risk. Table Frequency of reported sedentary behavior (figures are %; all p-values within groups&lt;0.05) N Greater than 3 hours per day Gender Men 1129 35.2 * Women 1493 30.3 * Age (years ) ≤18-29 634 39.1 30-39 428 30.6 40-49 580 23.6 50-59 448 28.1 60-69 249 28.1 ≥70 283 48.4 Education No schooling to Primary 1532 29.0 Secondary School 639 34.7 Post Graduate 419 39.9 * Age-standardized rates
West Nile virus in Europe: understanding the present to gauge the future
Authors: P Reiter
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2010)

The appearance of West Nile virus in New York in 1999 and the unprecedented panzootic that followed, have stimulated a major research effort in the western hemisphere and a new interest in the presence of this virus in the Old World. This review considers current understanding of the natural history of this pathogen, with particular regard to transmission in Europe.
Changing the Face of Medicine: Celebrating America's Women Physicians
Authors: T. Delamothe
Journal: BMJ (2003)

An exhibition at the National Library of Medicine, the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland, United States, until 2 April 2005 www.nlm.nih.gov/changingthefaceofmedicine Rating:![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img> They treat the whole patient, striving to balance their personal lives and the needs of individual patients and entire communities. Deciding which issues to focus upon, they direct research and funding and are instrumental in implementing the policies, developing the drugs and treatments, and drafting the legislation to meet emerging medical challenges. They are…America's women physicians. So not all that different from men, then? “Changing the Face of Medicine” celebrates women's achievement of parity with men in American medicine, while giving due attention to the often appalling adversities over which they have triumphed. It took a century and a half. When Elizabeth Blackwell graduated from Geneva Medical College in upstate New York in 1849 she was the first woman to qualify as a doctor since the renaissance. Even then, she had been admitted on to the course only after the male student body had voted … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif
Abstract 5515: Proteomics, Metabolomics and Immunomics on Human Microparticles Derived from Atherosclerotic Plaques
Authors: Manuel Mayr, David Grainger, Ursula Mayr, Aurelie S Leroyer, Anissa Sidibe, Xiaoke Yin, Qingbo Xu, Alain Tedgui, Chantal M Boulanger
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background. Microparticles (MPs) with procoagulant activity are present in human atherosclerosis, but no detailed information is available on their protein and metabolite composition.  Methods and Results. In this study, we performed a combined proteomic, metabolomic and immunomic analysis to obtain insights into the role of MPs in atherogenesis. MP proteins were identified by tandem mass spectrometry, metabolite profiles were determined by high-resolution NMR spectroscopy and antibody reactivity was assessed against combinatorial antigen libraries. The proteomic analysis resulted in the identification of 151 unique proteins in MPs, including surface antigens consistent with their leukocyte origin, ie. CD14, CD11c, CD18, CD29, CD51, CD36 and major histocompatibility complex class I and II. Moreover, MPs had metabolite profiles, which were distinct from atherosclerotic plaques. When proteins on the MP surface were fluorescence tagged and separated by 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis, immunoglobulins were not surface-labeled. Subsequent flow cytometry analysis on perme-abilized and non-permeabilized plaque MPs confirmed that immunoglobulins were trapped inside plaque-derived MPs. Notably, co-labelling for CD14 and IgG revealed that over 90% of the IgG containing MPs were CD14 positive, indicating a macrophage origin. Screening against a combinatorial antigen library revealed that the immunologic profiles of antibodies in MPs were similar to those found in plaques, but differed profoundly from antibodies in plasma and unexpectedly, showed strong reactions with oligosaccharide antigens, in particular blood group antigen A and the Gal-alpha-(1,3)-Gal linkage, the antigen responsible for hyperacute rejection in xenotransplantation.  Conclusions. This study provides the first evidence that immune complexes in human atherosclerotic lesions exist within MPs derived from plaque macrophages, that their portfolio is different from circulating antibodies in plasma and that common carbohydrates are important antigens in atherosclerosis. Thus, besides being a determinant of plaque thrombogenicity, MPs might play a previously unrecognized role in the containment of immune complexes, which is likely to influence plaque stability.
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Roasted Coffee&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Masanori Kuratsune, W. C. Hueper
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1960)

Four different commercial brands of roasted coffee were analyzed for their content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Nine hydrocarbons including benzo[a]pyrene were identified in the darkest brand; the amount of these hydrocarbons was small. In two other brands of moderately dark, roasted coffee, pyrene and fluoranthene were identified, but no other hydrocarbons. Another brand of darkly roasted coffee beans did not show any appreciable amount of hydrocarbons.
Abstract 84: Lack of Epinephrine Effect on Hemodynamics, VF Waveform Characteristics and Resuscitability during Prolonged Cardiac Arrest in Pigs
Authors: Morten Pytte, Jo Kramer-Johansen, Joar Eilevstjonn, Morten Eriksen, Taevje A Stromme, Lars Wik, Petter A Steen, Kjetil Sunde
Journal: Circulation (2006)
Abstract 2834: A Short-Term High Fat Diet Impairs Cardiac High Energy Phosphate Metabolism, Exercise Capacity and Cognitive Function
Authors: Cameron J Holloway, Lindsay M Edwards, Yaso Emmanuel, Lowri Cochlin, Damian J Tyler, Matthew D Robson, Cezary Szmigielski, Nicholas Knight, Andrew J Murray, Brian K Saxby, Jane M Francis, Stefan Neubauer, Kieran Clarke
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: Heart failure patients have low cardiac phosphocreatine/ATP (PCr/ATP) ratios, abnormal exercise tolerance and impaired cognitive function, which may be related to elevated circulating free fatty acids (FFAs). We tested whether briefly raising plasma FFAs, using diet, causes abnormalities in heart, brain and skeletal muscle in healthy subjects Methods and Results: Healthy males (n = 16, age 22 ± 1 years), recruited from the University of Oxford, were randomised to five days of a high fat diet containing 75 ± 1% of calorie intake through fat consumption, or an isocaloric control diet, providing 23 ± 1% of calorie intake as fat. In a cross-over design, subjects undertook the alternate diet after a two week wash out period. Cardiac 31 P magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy and MR imaging, echocardiography, exhaustive cycling for 1 h, and CDR computerised cognitive tests were used to assess cardiac PCr/ATP, cardiac function, exercise capacity and cognitive function, respectively, before and after the diets. Subjects on the HFD had a two-fold elevation in plasma FFAs, 12% lower cardiac PCr/ATP with no change in cardiac function, and a 12% lower maximal exercise performance (see Figure ). They also had impaired attention and speed (2.2 vs. 1.9 s, p &lt; 0.001, and 1.10 vs. 1.05 s, respectively, p &lt; 0.01) Discussion: We have shown a short term, high fat diet raised plasma FFA concentrations, impaired myocardial energetics, exercise capacity and cognition. Therefore high plasma FFAs may be detrimental for heart, skeletal muscle and brain in normal subjects and suggests a potential mechanism of impairment in heart failure patients.
Evidence b(i)ased medicine
Authors: M. Porta
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Editor—Is the move complete from the early idealistic vision of evidence based medicine (EBM) to the earthly establishment of evidence biased medicine, complete with priests, liturgy, and inquisition? I think not, at least not yet. But the Clinicians for the Restoration of Autonomous Practice (CRAP)'s fortuitous uncovering of evidence based medicine's religious tracts in the making sounds a none too early alarm.1 Practitioners who idealistically continue to apply available evidence to medicine will increasingly have to fear the wrath of the zealots when they resort to that most lay of clinical approaches: common sense.

Prompted by your revelations, I discovered more of evidence based medicine's dire consequences by opening the website of a regulatory agency and then playing the compact disc of an approved evidence based medicine textbook in html.

Firstly, only corporations that can afford to punt $1bn per shot and then wait around 10-12 years to reap the benefits, if any, are allowed to develop new treatments.

Secondly, new potential indications of older drugs are not worth exploring. A new patent will last only three years and nobody will invest for everybody else to grab the benefits.

Thirdly, the same is true for “traditional medicine.” We all sneer at it, idealists and zealots alike, precisely because of the lack of evidence, but the costs of an evidence based approach to prove the worth, if any, of a specific remedy will never be met.

On top of failing to provide evidence that it does more good than harm, evidence based medicine may actually be stifling medical progress, in cahoots with regulators (and class action suitors). That the number of new treatments available to patients has declined considerably in recent years may be due to a cyclical pattern but could also result from the huge deterrent that current regulations impose on proponents. Whether evidence based medicine will implode, as CRAP suggests, only time can tell. If that time is nearing, however, will Samson take down the temple with all the Philistines?
Abstract 328: Signals Through Glycoprotein 130 Promote the Endothelial Differentiation of Cardiac Sca-1+ Cells
Authors: Tomomi Mohri, Yasushi Fujio, Tomohiko Iwakura, Masanori Obana, Koichi Matsuda, Makiko Maeda, Takashi Ito, Yasuhiro Yamamoto, Nozomi Hayata, Junichi Azuma
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Cardiac Sca-1+ cells were originally identified as multipotent stem cells that can be differentiated into various types of cardiac cells, including cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells....
Colonoscopy
Authors: Ryszard M. Pluta, Cassio Lynm, Robert M. Golub
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Colonoscopy Colonoscopy is an endoscopic (visualization of the inside of the body) diagnostic and therapeutic procedure that uses a colonoscope (a finger-thick flexible fiberoptic tube with a video camera and several channels for instruments, suction, and air).Colonoscopy is used for a direct assessment of the internal lining of the large intestine (large bowel) and to take a biopsy (removal of a small piece of tissue).
Abstract 9965: Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Stimulation Restored the Neovascularization Capacity of Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Mice
Authors: Yasuyuki Toyama, Ken-ichiro Sasaki, Katsuro Tachibana, Takafumi Ueno, Hidemi Kajimoto, Masanori Ohtsuka, Hiroshi Koiwaya, Takaharu Nakayoshi, Shinji Yokoyama, Yoshiaki Mitsutake, Hidetoshi Chibana, Naoki Itaya, Tsutomu Imaizumi
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been used for therapeutic angiogenesis to rescue the tissue with critical ischemia. However, the effects are unsatisfactory. The cause may be use of EPCs with impaired neovascularization capacity caused by risk factors of arteriosclerosis. Ultrasound stimulation provides cells with several biological effects. Accordingly, we assessed the hypothesis that ultrasound stimulation can restore the impaired neovascularization capacity of EPCs. Methods and Results We cultured peripheral blood-derived mononuclear cells obtained from healthy volunteers or patients with &gt;two risk factors of arteriosclerosis for four days to achieve EPCs. During the culture, we daily stimulated the cells with a 1.011 MHz pulsed ultrasound through a gas permeable membrane film from the base of the culture plate. In healthy volunteers-derived EPCs, the low-intensity pulsed ultrasound stimulation (LIPUS) of 100 mW cm -2 intensity and 240 sec exposure time generated the greatest number of EPCs with maintained cell viability and augmented migration capacity in the modified Boyden-chamber assay. LIPUS to cultured EPCs significantly increased the concentration of angiopoietin 2 in the culture medium, suggesting the augmented secretion capacity. LIPUS increased expressions of phosphorylated-Akt and endothelial nitric oxide synthetase in the EPCs on the western blotting with the increased concentration of nitrogen oxides in the medium. The intramuscular injection of the atherosclerotic patients-derived EPCs in the hind-limb ischemia mouse model showed lower ischemic/non-ischemic hind-limb blood flow ratio after 14 days than the injection of healthy volunteers-derived EPCs (0.59±0.02 vs. 0.68±0.03; p&lt;0.05, n=7, each), indicating impaired neovascularization capacity of the atherosclerotic patients-derived EPCs. LIPUS to the atherosclerotic patients-derived EPCs significantly increased the ratio from 0.59±0.02 to 0.7±0.04 (p&lt;0.05, n=7, each), indicating restoration of the impaired neovascularization capacities. Conclusion In conclusion, LIPUS to the atherosclerotic patients-derived EPCs may be a new strategy to enhance clinical effects of therapeutic angiogenesis.