tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 13220: Serial Measurement of NT-proBNP but not Cardiac Troponin T Improves Risk Stratification in the Community: Results from the Rancho Bernardo Study
Authors: Lori B Daniels, Gail A Laughlin, Paul Clopton, Alan S Maisel, Elizabeth Barrett-Connor
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Introduction: Natriuretic peptides and cardiac troponins (TnT) provide prognostic information on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in diverse populations. Because NTproBNP levels reflect cardiac pa...
Screening for Occult Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Hospital Patients
Authors: I G Barrison, E R Littlewood, J Primavesi, A Sharpies, I T Gilmore, R A Parkins
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1981)

Stools have been tested for occult gastrointestinal bleeding in 278 outpatients and 170 hospital inpatients using the Haemoccult and Haemastix methods. Seventeen outpatients (6.1%) and 42 inpatients (24%) were positive with the Haemoccult technique. Thirty-three outpatients (11.9%) and 93 inpatients (54.7%) were positive with the Haemastix test. Following investigation of the Haemoccult-positive patients, only 2 cases (3.4%) were considered false positive. However, the false positive rate with Haemastix was 22.9% which is unacceptable in a screening test. Haemoccult may be useful as a screening test for asymptomatic general practice patients, but a test of greater sensitivity is needed for hospital patients.
Abstract 16618: Pharmacological Modulation of PTEN Ameliorates the Progression of Pulmonary Hypertension in Heart Failure
Authors: Yazhini Ravi, Selvendiran Karuppaiyah, Shan K Naidu, Sarath Meduru, Lucas Citro, Mahmood Khan, Brian K Rivera, Chittoor B Sai-Sudhakar, Periannan Kuppusamy
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Pulmonary hypertension (PH), that occurs secondary to congestive heart failure, leads to vascular remodeling including neointima formation and vascular occlusion. Currently there is a significant g...
Abstract 15992: STAMP2 Controls Macrophage Inflammatory Responses by NADPH Regulation
Authors: Henrik ten Freyhaus, Ediz S Calay, Sara N Vallerie, Abdullah Yalcin, Ling Yang, Fahri Saatcioglu, Gokhan S Hotamisligil
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Regulatory mechanisms are important to control systemic metabolic homeostasis and to counteract visceral adipose tissue inflammation to metabolic challenges. The six-transmembrane protein of prosta...
Abstract 2000: Incomplete ST-Segment Deviation Resolution after Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients with Multivessel Disease is Mainly Due to the Presence of a Non-Infarct-Related Chronic Total Occlusion
Authors: Niels J Verouden, Bimmer E Claessen, René J van der Schaaf, Karel T Koch, Jan Baan, Marije M Vis, Jan G Tijssen, Jan J Piek, José P Henriques, Robbert J de Winter
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background Incomplete ST-segment deviation resolution (STR) after epicardial flow restoration may represent microvascular dysfunction and predicts an unfavorable outcome in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). From recently published data concerning STEMI patients that underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), increased mortality in patients with multivessel disease (MVD) was attributed to the presence of a chronic total occlusion (CTO) in a non-infarct-related artery (IRA). We evaluated whether the presence of MVD with or without a CTO in a non-IRA significantly contributes to incomplete STR in a large cohort of patients undergoing primary PCI for STEMI. Methods In this single-center study, 2127 STEMI patients underwent primary PCI between 2000 and 2006. The IRA and presence of MVD was determined during diagnostic angiography preceding primary PCI. MVD was assessed if ≥ 1 non-IRA showed ≥ 1 coronary stenosis of ≥ 70% and a CTO was defined as a 100% luminal narrowing in a non-IRA. STR was defined as the relative difference (in %) of the summed ST deviation between the pre-PCI and the immediately post-PCI 12-lead ECG. A post-PCI STR of ≥ 70% was considered complete. Results During emergency coronary angiography, singlevessel disease (SVD) was observed in 1474 (69.3 %) patients, MVD without a CTO in 433 (20.4 %) patients, and MVD with a CTO in a non-IRA in 220 (10.3 %) patients. MVD patients less frequently showed complete STR compared to patients with SVD (OR 1.2 95% CI, 1.0 – 1.5 p = 0.046). However, the occurrence of complete STR in SVD patients and MVD patients without a CTO was comparable (OR 1.1, 95% CI, 0.9 – 1.4 p = 0.43). In MVD patients with a CTO, STR was significantly less often complete compared to patients with SVD or with MVD without a CTO (OR 1.6 95% CI, 1.1 – 2.6 p = 0.01). Conclusion STEMI patients with MVD undergoing primary PCI showed complete STR less often compared to SVD patients. This effect is mainly due to a subgroup of MVD patients with a CTO in a non-IRA and not due to mere MVD.
Abstract 2950: Distinct Regulation of Cardiac Function by Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors in Response to Pressure Overload
Authors: Jing Ma, Tetsuo Minamino, Yoshihiro Asano, Yulin Liao, Masafumi Kitakaze, Shiwen Wang
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background- Recent work has uncovered that histone acetylation might work as a nodal control point in the complex signal network for gene regulation in hypertrophic myocardium, moreover, histone deacetylase (HDAC)inhibitors might hold promise as potential therapeutic agents in hypertrophic heart disease. In this study, we tested the effects of some HDAC inhibitors on hypertrophy and subsequent cardiac dysfunction in response to pressure overload. Method and results- Transverse aortic constriction (TAC) operation were performed on C57BL/6J mice and pressure overload was successfully produced. Cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction induced by TAC for 6 weeks were significantly blunted by trichostatin A (TSA) and valproic acid (VPA). In contrast, treatment by 4-Sodium phenylbutyrate (4-PBA) unexpectedly further exaggerated cardiac remodeling at week 6 compared with vehicle-treated mice, indicated by larger ratio of heart weight to body weight, bigger cross-sectional area and more enlarged left ventricle (LV) dimension. 4-PBA also led to lower ejection fraction and fractional shortening. Moreover, invasive hemodynamic measurements showed significantly higher LV end diastolic pressure (31.0 vs 15.5 mmHg, p&lt;0.001) and lower contractivity index (120.8 vs 160.4, p&lt;0.01) compared with vehicle-treated mice, suggesting the deterioration of diastolic and systolic function. In accordance with these data, the expressions of hypertrophic markers were further increased by 4-PBA administration. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed significantly lower survival rate in 4-PBA-treated mice (32.7% vs 66.7%, p&lt;0.001). Similarly, treatment with butyrate acid (BS), an analogue of 4-PBA, also achieved unbeneficial effect. All the 4 HDAC inhibitors successfully inhibited HDAC total activity in vivo and in vitro . Individual HDAC activity assay showed rather than class IIa members (HDAC 4 and 7), 4-PBA and BS predominantly inhibit class IHDACs (HDAC2 and 8), whereas VPA and TSA inhibit them all to a similar extent. Conclusion- Together, these data suggest that 4-PBA and BS accelerate load -induced hypertrophy and cardiac dysfunction, whereas VPA and TSA hold opposing effects. The distinct regulation might be due to differential selectivity on certain HDAC subtypes.
The Effect of Progesterone and Testosterone Propionate on the Incidence of Mammary Cancer in Mice
Authors: Jacob Heiman
Journal: Cancer Research (1945)

96 mice of the RIII strain of brother-to-sister matings were treated and observed throughout life.  24 female mice 6 1/2-months-old were given .2 mgm doses of progesterone by sc injection over a 4-month period.  A mouse which had received .6 mgm of progesterone developed mammary carcinoma 3 weeks after starting therapy.  Another mouse having received 1.6 mg of progesterone developed a similar tumor after 8 weeks and a 3rd mouse after 2.2 mgm of progesterone developed mammary cancer 11 weeks after the 1st injection.  A mammary tumor appeared in a 4th mouse 2 months after injections were discontinued.  The sc injection of progesterone alone had reduced the incidence of adenocarcinoma of the mammary glands from 54% in controls to 16.6% in treated mice.  Of 48 mice treated with both progesterone and testosterone propionate only 3 (6.2%) developed mammary cancer the progesterone acting as an adjuvant.  Histologic findings suggest that the effects of the 2 hormones are obscure.  The hormones had no inhibitory effect on already established mammary cancer.  Spayed females injected with both testosterone and progesterone did not develop any mammary cancers although both control and injected mice lived 16-24 months.  A sarcoma of the jaw developed in 1 mouse apparently a fortuitous occurrence.  The injection of testosterone propionate and progesterone is suggested as a prophylactic measure in women with family history of breast cancer.
Efficacy and Safety of Fondaparinux Versus Enoxaparin in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes Treated With Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors or Thienopyridines
Authors: Sanjit S. Jolly, David P. Faxon, Keith A.A. Fox, Rizwan Afzal, William E. Boden, Petr Widimsky, P. Gabriel Steg, Vicent Valentin, Andrez Budaj, Christopher B. Granger, Campbell D. Joyner, Susan Chrolavicius, Salim Yusuf, Shamir R. Mehta
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2009)
Drawing comparisons at Duke.
Authors: Ernie Hood
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2004)

Comparisons at DukeComparative genomics is the study of genomes from different species in order to better understand how species have evolved and what the functions are of both genes and noncoding sections of the genome.As part of the NIEHS Toxicogenomics Research Consortium (TRC), researchers at the Duke Center for Environmental Genomics are focusing on comparative genomics as a way to explore how environmental stresses affect human health.
Abstract 15498: Monitoring of Nutrition Status by a Registered Dietitian Improves Growth in Single Ventricle Patients
Authors: Amy Randall, Rachel Steury, Russell R Cross, Gerard R Martin
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Growth failure and malnutrition is common in infants with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) between stage one (S1) and stage two (S2) palliation. It has been shown that nutrition s...
Hereditary Angioedema
Authors: Bruce L. Zuraw
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

A 19-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with light-headedness, severe abdominal pain, and intractable nausea and vomiting that began 12 hours earlier. The patient reports previous episodes of abdominal pain and swelling of her hands and feet that have been attributed possibly to food allergies, which have recently become more frequent. How should her case be evaluated and treated?
Abstract 6088: Clinical and Angiographic Predictors of 30-Day and One-Year Cardiac Ischemic Events in Patients with Non-ST Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes: Results from the ACUITY (Acute Catheterization and Urgent Intervention Triage strategY) Trial
Authors: Alexandra Lansky, Kenji Goto, Ecatarina Cristea, Martin Fahy, Roxana Mehran, Gregg W Stone
Journal: Circulation (2008)

An early invasive strategy is of clinical benefit in moderate and high-risk acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Clinical predictors of short and long-term ischemic outcomes in pts with ACS have been well studied, whereas the extent, location and characteristics of angiographic coronary disease in predicting outcome is not well defined. The ACUITY trial randomized 13,819 pts with moderate and high risk ACS to unfractionated heparin or enoxaparin + GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPI), versus bivalirudin + GPI, vs. bivalirudin alone. The angiographic substudy of ACUITY included the first 7000 consecutive randomized US patients. All angiograms were reviewed by an independent core laboratory for complete 3 vessel assessment of CAD extent and burden (total mm length of lesions&gt;30%DS), as well as baseline and final lesion and flow characteristics. Clinical and angiographic predictors of ischemic outcomes at 30 days and 1 year (death, MI, or ischemic target vessel revascularization) were identified by univariate and multivariable analysis using logistic regression analysis. Of 6921 pts with interpretable angiograms, 3826 pts (55.3%) were treated with PCI, 755 (10.9%) with CABG, and 2340 (33.8%) with medical therapy. Composite ischemia occurred in 595 (8.6%) pts at 30 days and 1153 (17.4%) pts at one year. Independent predictors of 30 day and 1 year ischemic cardiac events by multivariable analysis are shown in the table . Among moderate- to high-risk ACS patients, beyond the well recognized clinical risk factors of renal insufficiency and diabetes mellitus, angiographic manifestations of coronary atherosclerosis including greater burden and severity of disease, and presence of calcified lesions, are important independent predictors of 30 day and 1 year adverse outcomes. Table. Multivariate Predictors of Composite Ischemia
Abstract 12431: Analysis of Cardiomyocytes Differentiated from Disease-Specific Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in Lamin A/C-related Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Takeru Makiyama, Yoshinori Yoshida, Kenichi Sasaki, Satoshi Shizuta, Takahiro Doi, Tasuku Kamakura, Tetsuhisa Hattori, Seiko Ohno, Minoru Horie, Shinya Yamanaka, Takeshi Kimura
Journal: Circulation (2011)
Single-Dose Azithromycin for Trachoma
Authors: Thomas M Lietman, Bruce Gaynor, Travis Porco
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

Single-Dose Azithromycin for Trachomato the editor: Solomon et al. (Nov.4 issue) 1 suggest that the ocular chlamydia that causes trachoma can be eliminated by a single mass antibiotic treatment.Two years after distributing oral azithromycin in a village, they identified only a single infection.The authors state that this finding "contrasts starkly" with the prediction of our mathematical model. 2,3Yes and no.We do predict that infection will eventually return after a single mass treatment.However, with 97.5 percent coverage of a moderately infected area, this return may take a long time.Our model predicts that less than 3 percent of persons will be infected at one year -and an even smaller proportion in this case, since Solomon et al. also distributed tetracycline ointment.Furthermore, this estimate is only an expectation (or average), and chance can have a large effect.We recently monitored 24 villages in Ethiopia after a single mass treatment; in some villages, infection was eliminated at two months, and in others it returned relatively rapidly. 3Unfortunately, the evidence so far suggests that, on average, infection returns after a single mass treatment, but to test this properly, one must look at more than one village.
Fluid Resuscitation in the Intensive Care Unit
Authors: William A. Primack, Kristina Estes
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

to the editor: The Saline versus Albumin Fluid Evaluation (SAFE) Study (May 27 issue) 1 debunks a 1998 meta-analysis associating albumin with increased mortality in critical care populations. 2 Regrettably, this trial may spawn a new misconception: that albumin and saline are equivalent for resuscitating a heterogeneous mix of patients in intensive care units. Patients with trauma are generally young and healthy and should not be grouped for evaluation with older patients without trauma, many of whom have preexisting cardiopulmonary disease. The incidence of pulmonary edema is low in patients with hemorrhagic trauma, and studies have not demonstrated a benefit of albumin over saline. 3 Consequently, crystalloids are the accepted standard for volume replacement in patients with trauma. 4
Abstract 1106: Incidence of Perioperative Myocardial Infarction and 2-Year Mortality in Patients Who Underwent Noncardiac Vascular Surgery Treated With and Without Statins
Authors: Wilbert S Aronow, Chul Ahn, Kaushang Gandhi, Harshad Amin, Hoang M Lai, Fausan S Tsai, Mala Sharma, Sateesh Babu
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Purpose:  To investigate the incidence of perioperative myocardial infarction (MI) and of 2-year mortality in patients undergoing noncardiac vascular surgery treated with and without statins.   Methods:  Of 577 patients (379 men and 198 women), mean age 74±10 years, undergoing noncardiac vascular surgery, 300 (52%) had carotid endarterectomy, 179 (31%) had lower extremity revascularization, and 98 (17%) had abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. Of the 577 patients, 302 (53%) were treated with statins and 275 (47%) without statins. We investigated the perioperative MI incidence and 2-year mortality in patients treated with and without statins.   Results:  The mean age, gender, body mass index, follow-up duration, prevalence of smoking, hypertension, diabetes, prior coronary artery disease, prior stroke or transient ischemic attack, carotid endarterectomy, lower extremity revascularization, and abdominal aortic aneurysm repair, and use of antiplatelet drugs, beta blockers, and anangiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers were not significantly different between patients treated with and without statins. Dyslipidemia was present in 302 of 302 patients (100%) treated with statins and in 192 of 275 patients (70%) not treated with statins (p   Conclusions:  Patients undergoing noncardiac vascular surgery using statins had a 57% less chance of having perioperative MI or death at 2-year follow-up after controlling other variables.
The role of membrane raft in modulating CD40 signaling, ERK activation and cytokine production in human multiple myeloma cells.
Authors: YT Tai, LP Catley, K Podar, R Burger, R Shringapure, T Hideshima, D Chauhan, C Mitsiades, K Ishitsuka, M Hamasaki, NC Munshi, KC Anderson
Journal: Blood (2003)
Abstract 15178: Children First: How an Educational Program in Cardiovascular Prevention at School Can Improve Parents' Cardiovascular Risk
Authors: Luciana Fornari, Isabela Giuliano, Fernanda Azevedo, Adriana Pastana, Carolina Vieira, Bruno Caramelli
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Purpose: Evaluate if a multidisciplinary educational program in primary cardiovascular prevention (CVP) for children could improve the Framingham cardiovascular risk (FCR) of their parents after on...
Abstract 376: Ischemic Preconditioning Regulates Myocardial Viability Through The Proteasomal Regulation Of Two Opposing PKC Isozymes
Authors: Eric Churchill, Julio Ferreira, Patricia Brum, Luke Szweda, Daria Mochly-Rosen
Journal: Circulation (2008)

The response of the myocardium to an ischemic insult is regulated by two opposing PKC isozymes, δ and ϵPKC. We therefore wanted to determine how two highly homologous kinases could play such distinct roles in cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Using an ex vivo rat model of myocardial infarction, we determined that short bouts of ischemia and reperfusion prior to the prolonged ischemic event (IPC) diminished δPKC and enhanced ϵPKC translocation to the mitochondria. In addition, cellular levels of δPKC decreased by 60% in response to IPC, whereas the levels of ϵPKC remained unchanged. Prolonged ischemia induced a 50% decline in the ATP-dependent proteasome activity and increased the accumulation of unfolded proteins during reperfusion; both of which were completely prevented by IPC. Pharmacological inhibition of the proteasome and selective inhibition of ϵPKC during IPC restored δPKC translocation to the mitochondria and elevated the levels of unfolded proteins while increasing myocardial injury associated with I/R. (Note that none of these treatments had any effect on viability under normoxic conditions.) Interestingly, administration of a specific peptide activator of ϵPKC during I/R completely prevented the loss in proteasome activity seen during ischemia. Importantly, increased myocardial injury was the result of restoring the δPKC-mediated I/R pro-apoptotic phenotype by decreasing pro-survival signaling and increasing cytochrome c release into the cytosol. Taken together, this study shows that IPC prevents I/R injury by protecting ATP-dependent 26S proteasome function, which in turn decreases the accumulation of the pro-apoptotic kinase, δPKC, at cardiac mitochondria resulting in the accumulation of the pro-survival kinase, ϵPKC. Additionally, ϵPKC seems to be a novel regulator of proteasome function as it relates to I/R injury. The proteasome can therefore be viewed as a sensor of cellular viability, determining the ratio of pro-apoptotic δPKC and pro-survival ϵPKC at the mitochondria and thus the ultimate fate of the cell.
Abstract P202: The Impact of Snoring with and without Overweight on the Incidence of Hypertension among Japanese General Population
Authors: Mako Nagayoshi, Takeshi Tanigawa, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Susumu Sakurai, Akihiko Kitamura, Masahiko Kiyama, Takeo Okada, Kenji Maeda, Tetsuya Ohira, Hironori Imano, Shinichi Sato, Hiroyasu Iso
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Introduction: Evidence for the longitudinal impact of snoring on incident hypertension in Asians is still limited. The objective of this study was to examine whether the impact of snoring with and without overweight (body mass index ≥25.0 kg/m 2 ) on the incidence of hypertension among Japanese general population. Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that the impact of snoring on incident hypertension among Japanese general population was more evident for non-overweight (body mass index &lt;25.0 kg/m 2 ) subjects probably because overweight is a primary determinant of both snoring and hypertension. Method: A total of 7,482 non-hypertensive persons (2,891 men and 4,591 women) aged 35-79 years from three communities in Japan who participated in the Circulatory Risk in Communities Study (CIRCS) were followed up for 7.9 years. Hazard ratios for the incidence of hypertension were calculated according to snoring (self-administered questionnaire) stratified by body mass index. Results: At baseline, 74 % of men and 59 % of women had sometimes or everyday snoring and 31 % of men and 28 % of women had being overweight. During the 7.9-year follow-up period, 1087 individuals (451 men and 636 women) developed hypertension. The multivariable-adjusted odds ratio (95%confidence interval) of incident hypertension for snoring compared with non-snoring was 1.37 (1.06 to 1.76) for men and 1.32 (1.10 to 1.58) for women. When stratified by body mass index at baseline, the significant association was observed only in non-overweight; the multivariable adjusted odds ratio of incident hypertension with non-overweight was 1.52 (1.12 to 2.04) for men and 1.39 (1.11 to 1.73) for women, and respective odds ratio for snoring with overweight was 1.11 (0.68 to 1.81) for men and 1.14 (0.83 to 1.53) for women compared with non-snoring categories although the interaction was not statistically significant. The population-attributable fraction (PAF) of snoring with non-overweight for incident hypertension was 26 % for men and 17% for women. Conclusions: Snoring may have larger impact on development hypertension among non-overweight Japanese men and women.
Abstract 1315: Pharmacological Inhibition of Cytosolic Phospholipase A2 Alpha Suppresses Platelet Secretion and Aggregation, and Provides Protection in Rodent Models of Arterial Thrombosis
Authors: Thomas M Smith, Boris Tchernychev, Valerie Clerin, Christine Resmini, Katherine Lee, John McKew, James D Clark, Xin Xu, Nevena Mollova, Laura Carter, Gray Shaw, James C Keith, Robert G Schaub, George Vlasuk
Journal: Circulation (2006)