Abstract A060: Dysregulation of PTEN expression in a subset of Cancer Associated Fibroblasts by Tumor Secreted Factors in PDAC
Authors: Ivo N. Woogeng, Lu Han, Samaneh Saberi, Cameron Bumbleburg, Joseph Beaudet, Sudarshana Sharma, Michael Ostrowski
Journal: Cancer Research (2024)

Abstract Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a deadly malignancy. Cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play a complex role in the PDAC tumor microenvironment (TME), with a subset contributing significantly to tumor progression. Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is a tumor suppressor and its loss is associated with increased tumor aggressiveness. Our group previously demonstrated PTEN loss in SMA+ positive CAFS correlated with worsened outcomes in patients and in mouse PDAC models. Our group previously demonstrated the loss of PTEN in CAFS led to activation of Stat3, resulting in an immunosuppressive microenvironment (Lefler et al, 2022 PMID: 35803738). However, little is known of the signals produced by tumor cells or other cell types in the TME that trigger loss of PTEN in CAFs. This study aims to to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying PTEN loss in CAFs in PDAC. To address this gap, we employed single cell RNA sequencing of tumors from a mouse PDAC model and identified a (PDRGFRa+Lys6+Stat3+Pten-low) CAF subpopulation. Comparing normal pancreas epithelial cells to tumor cells in this data set, we identified the IL6 family of cytokines, (IL6; Oncostatin-M, OSM; and Leukemia Inhibitory Factor, LIF) and Transforming Growth Factor beta 1 (TGFb1) as potential ligands that regulated PTEN, while myeloid cells were a source of the IL6 family member Oncostatin M (OSM). Treatment of isolated CAFs with these factors revealed no significant difference in PTEN mRNA expression. Thus, we developed an in vitro reporter system in which a PTEN-GFP fusion protein is expressed in CAFs. Treating these CAFs with IL6, OSM and TGFb1 (but not LIF) led to a significant decrease in GFP fluorescence. Analysis of endogenous PTEN by western blot confirmed these results. We posited that expression of PTEN E3 ligases might be increased by treatment with these factors, leading to destruction of PTEN. In support of this hypothesis, the expression of E3 ligases WWP1 and WWP2 was increased by treatment with IL6 and OSM. Additionally, preliminary data has revealed that PTEN is oxidized in isolated CAFs, which causes loss of PTEN activity and potentially increased protein turnover. Current experiments are aimed at testing these potential mechanisms. To conclude, PTEN is dysregulated post-transcriptionally in CAFs. The mechanism of PTEN dysregulation could be via increased expression of E3 ligases that target PTEN and/or PTEN oxidation. Future efforts will be aimed at testing whether inhibition of these pathways can restore PTEN expression in mouse PDAC models. These pathways and interactions could be further exploited for therapeutic benefit in curbing PDAC progression. Citation Format: Ivo N. Woogeng, Lu Han, Samaneh Saberi, Cameron Bumbleburg, Joseph Beaudet, Sudarshana Sharma, Michael Ostrowski. Dysregulation of PTEN expression in a subset of Cancer Associated Fibroblasts by Tumor Secreted Factors in PDAC [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference in Cancer Research: Advances in Pancreatic Cancer Research; 2024 Sep 15-18; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(17 Suppl_2):Abstract nr A060.