tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IN A RURAL HOSPITAL
Authors: F F HARRISON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1951)

Article1 October 1951MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IN A RURAL HOSPITALFRANCIS F. HARRISON, M.D., F.A.C.P.FRANCIS F. HARRISON, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-35-4-872 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptSince the introduction of anticoagulant drugs in the therapy of myocardial infarction there has been a continued effort to assess their value accurately. The study having the widest scope is that sponsored by the American Heart Association.1 In this large series much effort was expended toward trying to achieve adequate controls. Even so, possible sources of error have since been pointed out by Doscher and Poindexter.2 This and other papers have served to clarify the question as to what factors are important in determining the mortality rate in myocardial infarction.For some years we have been interested in myocardial infarction...Bibliography1. Wright IS: Report of the Committee for the Evaluation of Anticoagulants in the Treatment of Coronary Thrombosis with Myocardial Infarction, Am. Heart J. 36: 801, 1948. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. DoscherPoindexter NCA: Myocardial infarction without anticoagulant therapy, Am. J. Med. 8: 623, 1950. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Rural Medicine, Proceedings of the Conference held at Cooperstown, New York, October 7 and 8, 1938. (a) Heart Disease in a Rural Community. (b) Demography of Otsego County. Google Scholar4. Billings FT: Prognosis of acute myocardial infarction, Am. J. Med. 7: 356, 1949. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. Coombs CF: Prognosis in coronary thrombosis, Bristol Med.-Chir. J. 49: 277, 1932. MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Cooperstown, New York*Received for publication December 6, 1950.From the Medical Service of the Mary Imogene Bassett Hospital. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAnticoagulant therapy in coronary artery disease 1 October 1951Volume 35, Issue 4Page: 872-877KeywordsAnticoagulant therapyAnticoagulantsDeath ratesDrug therapyHeartLongitudinal studiesMedical servicesMyocardial infarction ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 October 1951 PDF downloadLoading ...
Survey shows unprotected sex is a common behaviour in bisexual men
Authors: P Weatherburn, D Reid
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Cytosolic phospholipase A<sub>2</sub> (cPLA<sub>2</sub>) catalyzes the selective release of arachidonic acid from the <i>sn</i>-2 position of phospholipids and is believed to play a key cellular role in the generation of arachidonic acid. BMS-229724 (4-[4-[2-[2-[bis(4-chlorophenyl)methoxy]ethyl-sulfonyl]ethoxy]phenyl]-1,1,1-trifluoro-2-butanone) was found to be a selective inhibitor of cPLA<sub>2</sub>(IC<sub>50</sub> = 2.8 μM) in that it did not inhibit secreted phospholipase A<sub>2</sub> in vitro<i>,</i> nor phospholipase C and phospholipase D in cells. The compound was active in inhibiting arachidonate and eicosanoid production in U937 cells, neutrophils, platelets, monocytes, and mast cells. With a synthetic covesicle substrate system, the dose-dependent inhibition could be defined by kinetic equations describing competitive inhibition at the lipid/water interface. The apparent equilibrium dissociation constant for the inhibitor bound to the enzyme at the interface (<i>K</i><sub>I</sub>*<sup>app</sup>) was determined to be 1 · 10<sup>−5</sup> mol% versus an apparent dissociation constant for the arachidonate-containing phospholipid of 0.35 mol%. The unit of concentration in the interface is mole fraction (or mol%), which is related to the surface concentration of substrate, rather than bulk concentration that has units of molarity. Thus, BMS-229724 represents a novel inhibitor of cPLA<sub>2</sub>, which partitions into the phospholipid bilayer and competes with phospholipid substrate for the active site. This potent inhibition of the enzyme translated into anti-inflammatory activity when applied topically (5%, w/v) to a phorbol ester-induced chronic inflammation model in mouse ears, inhibiting edema and neutrophil infiltration, as well as prostaglandin and leukotriene levels in the skin. In hairless guinea pigs, BMS-229724 was active orally (10 mg/kg) in a UVB-induced skin erythema model in hairless guinea pigs.
Abstract #5655: CT-011, a monoclonal PD-1 blocking antibody, enhances natural killer cell activation and cytotoxicity against multiple myeloma
Authors: Don Benson, Jason Chandler, Anjali Mishra, Robert Baiocchi, Jianhua Yu, Tom Liu, Gerard Lozanski, Pierluigi Porcu, Steven Devine, Rinat Rotem-Yehudar, Michael Caligiuri
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Background:  Programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1), a member of the B7 receptor family on lymphocytes, attenuates the T-cell immune response against tumor targets displaying PD-L1 and other cognate ligands. A PD-1 blocking antibody, CT-011, has been shown to enhance T-cell response against tumor cells and a recent phase 1 trial demonstrated the agent is safe and tolerable in patients with advanced hematologic malignancies. Little is known about the expression and function of PD-1 in NK cells. Herein, we confirm NK cell expression of PD-1 and show CT-011 enhances the NK cell versus MM effect.  Methods:  We studied NK cell expression of PD-1 in NK cell lines and resting and cytokine-activated primary human NK cells by flow cytometry and RT-PCR. We characterized expression of PD-L1 on MM tumor targets and modulation of this protein by lenalidomide. We studied effects of CT-011 (5ug/mL) on NK cell activation and cytotoxicity either alone or in combination with lenalidomide against MM targets by ELISPOT assay.  Results:  PD-1 is expressed on the interleukin(IL)-2 dependent DERL-7 and NK-92 NK cell lines. PD-1 expression was absent by transcript and flow cytometry on resting human NK cells, but was expressed on IL-2 stimulated primary NK cells. PD-L1 is expressed on MM cell lines and primary CD138(+) plasma cells isolated from marrow of patients with MM. (PD-L1 was not expressed on the CD138(-) marrow fraction MM patients, however.) Lenalidomide (5uM) downregulates PD-L1 expression on MM cells. CT-011 did not affect NK cell viability, however did induce a change in the appearance of NK cells, appearing larger and containing more intracellular granules. By ELSIPOT, CT-011 in combination with lenalidomide led to synergistic enhancement of interferon-gamma release by primary human NK cells against MM tumor targets (388 +/- 38 spots/well) compared to either IL-2 (74 +/-9), lenalidomide (89 +/- 19), or CT-011 (117 +/- 13) alone, p  Conclusions:  To our knowledge, this is one of the first studies to characterize functional expression of the PD-1 receptor on human NK cells. CT-011 increases NK cell activation and cytotoxicity against MM tumor targets. As lenalidomide enhances T-cell and NK cell function and may down regulate PD-L1 on MM targets, combination of CT-011 with lenalidomide may hold particular promise in phase 2 studies.   Citation Information:  In: Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res; 2009 Apr 18-22; Denver, CO. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2009. Abstract nr 5655.
Outbreak of Q fever in Lohra-Rollshausen, Germany, spring 1996
Authors: O Lyytikaïnen, T Ziese, B Schwartländer, P Matzdorff, C Kuhnhen, C Burger, W Krug, L Petersen
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1997)

Q fever is an acute (and sometimes chronic) febrile illness caused by the rickettsial organism Coxiella burnetii. The commonest animal reservoirs for C. burnetiiare cattle, sheep, and goats. Infected animals shed the organisms, which resist desiccation, i
Syk and Btk Transduce Survival and Proliferation-Inducing Signals By Activating Distinct Signaling Pathways and Transcriptional Programs in AML Cells
Authors: Thomas Oellerich, Sebastian Mohr, Julia Beck, Hanibal Bohnenberger, Carmen Doebele, Jasmin Corso, Gesine Bug, Ekkehard Schuetz, Henning Urlaub, Hubert Serve
Journal: Blood (2014)
Effects of a planned preoperative exercise program on body composition in early gastric cancer patients with metabolic syndrome.
Authors: Taiichi Kawabe, Haruhiko Cho, Kenki Segami, Shigeya Hayashi, Yousuke Makuuchi, Tsutomu Sato, Toru Aoyama, Tsutomu Hayashi, Takanobu Yamada, Hirohito Fujikawa, Yasushi Rino, Munetaka Masuda, Takashi Ogata, Takaki Yoshikawa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

206 Background: Visceral fat obesity and skeletal muscle depletion were reported to be both risk factors for complications in abdominal cancers surgery. Preoperative exercise may reduce morbidity by modifying body composition. Methods: We conducted an exploratory study attached to a prospective study (AEGES) to examine the effects of a 4-weeks exercise in stage I gastric cancer patients with metabolic syndrome. The AEGES enrolled 50 patients between 2007 and 2013, of which 18 were assigned to the exercise arm. The exercise program consisted of aerobic training 3-7 days a week, resistance training once or twice a week, and stretching. The expected energy expenditure of exercise was set at 30 kcal/kg/week. The total energy expenditure was measured using a calorie counter. After completion of the exercise, the patients received CT and endoscopy for re-staging, then underwent curative gastrectomy. Total skeletal muscle cross-sectional area (cm 2 ) was evaluated on the average of two adjacent axial images at L3. Muscle area was expressed as lumber skeletal muscle index (cm 2 /m 2 ). Total visceral fat volume was evaluated at the level of umbilicus. The changes of parameters before and after the exercise were assessed by paired Wilcoxon sign test. Results: A total of 15 patients with evaluable CT image were examined. Body weight, body mass index, and abdominal circumference were significantly decreased (-1.5 kg, -0.52 kg/m2, and -3.3 cm, respectively). The median skeletal muscle index was 48.06 cm 2 /m 2 before and 46.85 cm 2 /m 2 after the exercise, which was not statistically significant (p=0.41), while the median visceral fat volume was 205.2 cm 2 before and 169.0 cm 2 after the exercise, which was statistically significant (p=0.001). There was a weak correlation between total energy expenditure and amount of skeletal muscle index change (r=0.22 by Spearman’s correlation and p=0.427). No patient demonstrated progression of clinical cancer stage during 4 weeks. Conclusions: Preoperative exercise for 4 weeks could significantly modify body composition without progression of gastric cancer. More intensive or personalized exercise would be required to increase skeletal muscle.
Progression of genomic signatures in local and metastatic estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer: Relevance to palliative treatment.
Authors: William Fraser Symmans, Eleni Andreopoulou, Daniel J. Booser, Christos Hatzis, Michael J. Wallace, Ya Zhang, Yun Gong, Michail Ignatiadis, Christos Sotiriou, Fabrice Andre, Florentina Peintinger, Peter Regitnig, Christian Marth, Christine Desmedt, Sherene Loi, Stacy L. Moulder, Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, Lajos Pusztai, Vicente Valero
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

515 Background: Biological progression of ER+ breast cancer accelerates clinical progression and resistance to treatments. Methods: One laboratory used Affymetrix U133A gene expression microarrays to profile 588 biopsy samples from patients with ER+ breast cancer: 74 AJCC Stage I, 155 Stage IIA, 105 Stage IIB, 127 Stage III, 127 Stage IV (27 at presentation, 100 relapsed). We evaluated stage dependence of ER [ESR1, PGR, sensitivity to endocrine therapy (SET) index], proliferation [MKI67, AURKA, genomic grade index (GGI)], invasion [PLAU (uPA)], PI3-kinase (PIK3CA-GS), VEGF, genomic subtype [PAM50, 3-gene classifier (ESR1, ERBB2, AURKA)], and housekeeper control genes. Significance was evaluated through ordinal median regression (P &lt; 0.002, for multiple testing) after adjusting for staging method (clinical or pathologic). Exploratory Cox regression analyses of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were performed when treatment was hormonal therapy (HT, N=58) or chemotherapy (CT, N=27) after biopsy of metastatic ER+ breast cancer (MBC). Results: Stage progression was associated with reduced SET index and increased proliferation (GGI, MKI67, AURKA) and metabolism (GAPDH). These changes occurred between Stages IIB and III, and Stages III and IV. Luminal B and proliferation subtypes were more prevalent in Stage IV and less in Stage I. Interestingly, invasion (PLAU) genes were lower in MBC. Only SET index demonstrated a significant interaction with treatment (HT or CT) for MBC (PFS: p=0.018). SET was predictive of PFS and OS following HT, as a continuous score (PFS: HR=0.69, 95%CI 0.49 to 0.97, p=0.035; OS: HR=0.61, 95%CI 0.40 to 0.94, p=0.025) or dichotomized at median value (PFS: HR=0.43, 95%CI 0.24 to 0.76, p=0.003; OS: HR=0.37, 95%CI 0.18 to 0.77, p=0.006). Genomic subtype was prognostic for PFS irrespective of treatment type. High PIK3CA-GS expression predicted OS in the HT subset. Conclusions: Stage progression was associated with decreased ER-related transcription (SET) and increased proliferation, grade, higher risk subtype, and metabolism. In MBC samples, only SET index was predictive of PFS and OS with palliative hormonal therapy.
Nuclear and cytoplasmic topoisomerase II alpha are differentially phosphorylated and nuclear export is blocked by CRM1 antisense oligonucleotides
Authors: Joel G. Turner, Jana Gump, Bernadette Ferraro, Daniel M. Sullivan
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

5945   We have recently shown that topoisomerase II alpha (topo IIα) export from the nucleus depends on the CRM1 nuclear export transporter molecule (Turner et al, J. Cell Science 117:3061-3071, 2004). The export of topo IIα to the cytoplasm in high-density human myeloma cells contributes significantly to the resistance of these cells to topo II inhibitors. As a proof-of-principle experiment, we blocked CRM1 mediated export of topo IIα with an anti-sense oligonucleotide (ASO). We designed a CRM1 specific ASO (5’- T*C*C* ATG ACC ACT CTG TA*C *C*A -3’), as well as a sense control (5’- T*G*G* TAC AGA GTG GTC AT*G *G*A -3’). ASO transfection produced a modest (∼25%) decrease in targeted mRNA, without any collateral decrease in CRM1 mRNA by the sense control (sense control = 2107.9 ±27.1 copies/cell; ASO = 1603.8 ±32.5 copies/cell). ASO efficiency was measured by quantitative real-time PCR. Western blot analysis using a monoclonal antibody to CRM1 (BD Biosystems) showed about a 50% decrease in CRM1 protein in log-phase H929 cells treated with the ASO compared to the sense control. A functional decrease in CRM1 activity was seen when plateau-phase H929 cells were examined for nuclear export of topo IIα by immunofluorescence microscopy. Fifty cells for each condition were scored as “nuclear” or “cytoplasmic” if the majority of topo IIα was in that compartment. We found that H929 myeloma cells treated with the sense oligonucleotide have a distribution of 90% nuclear and 10% cytoplasmic topo IIα in log-phase, and 15% nuclear and 85% cytoplasmic topo IIα in plateau-phase. H929 cells transfected with the ASO had no change in the topo IIα distribution in log-phase, but a significant increase in nuclear topo IIα in high-density cells, 63% nuclear and 37% cytoplasmic. To define the modulation of intracellular trafficking, we examined the phosphorylation status of topo IIa protein in log- and plateau-phase myeloma cells. Immunoprecipitation with a topo IIa specific antibody, and detection by Western analysis with a phosphoserine/threonine antibody, showed that topo IIa is hyperphosphorylated in the nucleus of log-phase cells. Nuclear exacts from myeloma cells in log phase were immunoprecipitated and analyzed by LC/MS/MS for specific phosphorylation sites. Conclusion The CRM1 ASO used above in human H929 cells decreases CRM1 mRNA levels (∼25%), protein expression (∼50%), and significantly decreases the topo IIα nuclear export usually seen in high-density cells. To improve the knockdown of CRM1 transcription and translation, we also used siRNA duplexes. Further experiments will determine if blocking topo IIα nuclear export sensitizes cells to topo II inhibitors. Supported in part by NIH grant CA82533
Abstract 2242: Infarct Size Reduction Correlates with Increaed Contractility after Treatment with Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Gary S Feigenbaum, Behzad N Oskouei, Konstantin E Chatzistergos, Henry Quevedo, Juan P Zambrano, Qinghua Hu, Jose E Rodriguez, Alan W Heldman, Joshua M Hare
Journal: Circulation (2008)
An updated survey on lung cancer incidence and outcome in Piemonte and Valle d’Aosta (Italy)
Authors: F. Testore, S. Milanese, M. Belfiglio, M. Valentini
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

6117 Background: Lung Cancer incidence in Italy in 1997 was 60.57 cases/100.000 with great variations in terms of survival and treatment modalities in different geographic areas. Outcome research can therefore help investigating medical effectiveness,meaning how effective prevailing treatments are in routine clinical practice and in unselected populations. Methods: Information was collected from 22 Oncology Units in Piemonte and Valle d’Aosta,on 404 newly diagnosed lung cancer patients between October 1999 and March 2000. This number represents 40% of the expected incidence in this geographic area. A minimal set of information about the process and outcome measures was collected from medical records,at first visit and 6 months after,even when no therapy was planned. After 3 years,an audit process was performed on a sample of all registered patients,collecting additional information and updating the follow-up. The audit involved 236 patients from 8 major hospitals. Results: Patients were males in 85% of cases,with a median age 65 years (range 30–94). PS was 0–2 in 73% of cases (missing data 9%). Tumour stage was recorded in 68% of cases;this percentage increased to 95% after the audit. The following data refer to the 236 validated records. Most patients had stage IIIB (16.5%) or IV (55%) disease;information on stage was not available in 4% of patients. 73% were NSCLC and 11% SCLC. Chemotherapy was performed on 75% of patients and those older than 65 years were less likely to be treated (p<0.0009). Patients with a PS 0–2 were more likely to be treated with chemotherapy (p<0.0001). Radiotherapy (adjuvant, prophylactic, for metastases) was performed on 45% of patients with NSCLC, regardless of age and PS. During the audit,specific information on diagnostic procedures were collected: 53% of patients had chest X rays,47% chest tomography,50% whole body CT,40% bronchoscopy,37% biopsy,25% needle aspiration,19% liver US,27% bone scan. This was irrespective of age and PS. Conclusion: This project represents a valid tool for a permanent surveillance of quality of care in lung cancer patients in a defined geographic area, allowing a precise definition of needs for assistance and helping in the decision on how to allocate financial resources. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Will your telomeres tell your future?
Authors: T. v. Zglinicki
Journal: BMJ (2012)

We report a case of myositis associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reactivity which was demonstrated on bone scan in the presence of normal muscle enzymes, contrast computed tomography, and electromyography. The diagnosis was confirmed by muscle biopsy. Radionuclide bone scanning may be a valuable diagnostic tool in HIV positive patients who present with muscle pain and an otherwise normal diagnostic evaluation.
Combining Body Mass Index With Measures of Central Obesity in the Assessment of Mortality in Subjects With Coronary Disease
Authors: Thais Coutinho, Kashish Goel, Daniel Corrêa de Sá, Rickey E. Carter, David O. Hodge, Charlotte Kragelund, Alka M. Kanaya, Marianne Zeller, Jong Seon Park, Lars Kober, Christian Torp-Pedersen, Yves Cottin, Luc Lorgis, Sang-Hee Lee, Young-Jo Kim, Randal Thomas, Véronique L. Roger, Virend K. Somers, Francisco Lopez-Jimenez
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Adaptations to Maintain Energy Homeostasis Compensate for Creatine-Deficiency in GAMT Knockout Mice Following Myocardial Infarction, but May Contribute to Early Mitochondrial Pathology During Aging
Authors: C A Lygate, D Aksentijevic, D Dawson, M ten Hove, K Makinen, K M Faller, D J Medway, L Sebag-Montefiore, J Wallis, K Clarke, H Watkins, S Neubauer
Journal: Circulation (2011)
Air pollution in China, with Junfeng (Jim) Zhang by Ashley Ahearn.
Authors: Junfeng Jim Zhang
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2011)

Air pollution in China, one of the world’s oldest civilizations, reflects a combination of traditional and modern-day factors. Severe air pollution in Chinese cities is the result of rapid industrialization, urbanization, and growth in vehicle use. At the same time, traditional indoor burning of solid fuels such as coal and dung presents acute, severe exposures to pollutants including particulate matter, carbon monoxide, arsenic, and mercury. In this podcast, Junfeng (Jim) Zhang tells host Ashley Ahearn about some of the factors that make air pollution a significant problem in China.
Abstract 5811: Real time Non-Invasive Quantitative Imaging of arterial wall elasticity using Supersonic Shear Imaging
Authors: Mathieu Couade, Mathieu Pernot, Mickael Tanter, Claire Prada, Catherine Szymanski, Patrick Bruneval, Joseph Emmerich, Mathias Fink, Emmanuel Messas
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background. Arterial stiffness is a growing epidemic associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events, dementia, and death. Supersonic Shear Imaging (SSI) is a novel technique based on remot...
Abstract 4588: Regional Safety and Efficacy of Prasugrel Compared to Clopidogrel: A TRITON - TIMI 38 Analysis
Authors: Stephen D Wiviott, Christian T Ruff, Elliott M Antman, Sabina A Murphy, Peter N Ver Lee, Harvey D White, Eugene Braunwald
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: Among patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), demographics, procedural characteristics and adjunctive therapies differ throughout the world. We examined whether there were consistent effects of prasugrel compared to clopidogrel in the multinational TRITON - TIMI 38 study. Methods: We divided the enrollment into 5 pre-specified geographic regions: North America (NA), South America (SA), Western Europe (WE), Eastern Europe (EE), and Africa/Asia Pacific/Middle East (AAM). Patients were randomized to prasugrel or clopidogrel without regard to country of enrollment for 6 –15 months. Event rates are expressed as Kaplan-Meier failure estimates through 15 months. Heterogeneity was evaluated using Cox proportional hazards model with NA serving as the referent. Results: 13,608 patients were enrolled; 32% in NA, 26% in WE, 24% in EE, 14% in AAM, 4% in SA. Clinical characteristics including age, comorbidities, ACS presentation, stent types, and adjunctive medications differed broadly among regions. Despite these differences, consistency of the efficacy improvement and bleeding excess of prasugrel were observed (TABLE ). Stent thrombosis was substantially reduced with prasugrel in each region: NA (HR 0.42, P&lt;0.001), SA (HR 0.49, P=0.23), WE (HR 0.72, P=0.23), EE (HR 0.41, P=0.005), AAM (HR 0.34, P=0.005), P interaction = NS for each. Net Clinical Benefit (Death/MI/Stroke/non-CABG Major Bleed) also showed consistency (P interaction = NS for each). Conclusions: Despite differences in patient demographics, procedural techniques and adjunctive medications, consistent effects of reduction of ischemic events and increased bleeding were seen with prasugrel compared to clopidogrel throughout the world. Regional Outcoms of Prasugrel vs Clopidogrel (%)