tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 4556: Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Evaluating Left Ventricular Rotation and Synchronization in Patients with Congenital Single Ventricle Disease
Authors: Xiaokui Li, Craig S Broberg, Mary E Joyce, Helene Houle, Muhammad Ashraf, David J Sahn
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Rotational motion of the left ventricular (LV) myocardium has recently received attention as an index of ventricular function. Echocardiographic methods for evaluation of ventricular mechanics are limited by image quality. We developed a method for evaluating cardiac mechanics on gradient cine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies. Twelve adult single ventricle (SV) patients were retroactively selected to compare with 11 randomly selected relatively normal patients who had undergone cardiac MRI study. Detailed SSFP cine images were acquired at several levels in short axis views using Philips and GE MRI systems. Images from each study were evaluated at the apex and papillary muscle levels using VVI (Siemens) for degree of rotation and circumferential strain rate (CSR). Maximal time difference between each segment was recorded as well as the average degree of rotation. When compared with normal patients, SV patients had less rotation at both apex and papillary muscle levels and more dispersion of peak rotation: average rotation: 1.79° ± 0.81° vs. 3.60° ± 1.38°, p &lt; 0.0001, peak rotation: 3.10° ± 1.25° vs 5.71°± 2.63°, p &lt; 0.0001. In contrast, maximum wall motion delay between the segments of each level for data obtained from both rotation and CSR was greater for SV pathology than normals: rotational segment delay, 181.55 ± 76.06 ms vs. 66.86 ± 47.11 ms, p &lt; 0.0001; CSR delay, 90.73 ± 61.98 ms vs. 44.23 ± 37.14 ms, p = 0.004. Average CSR for SV was −8.87 ± 7.30 s −1 and for normals, −18.02 ± 7.31 s −1 . Our MRI mechanics study showed decreased CSR in SVs compared to normal LVs, and also a marked decrease in and segmental dyssynchrony of rotation.
Abstract 16026: Cardiomyocyte-Specific Adipose Triglyceride Lipase Over-Expression Impairs Functional Recovery of the Reperfused Myocardium Following Ischemia
Authors: Thomas Pulinilkunnil, Petra C Kienesberger, Jeevan Nagendran, Martin E Young, Jason R Dyck
Journal: Circulation (2011)

The influence of cardiac triacylglycerol (TAG) catabolism on myocardial function during reperfusion following ischemia is relatively understudied. To address this, levels of adipose triglyceride li...
Malignant Mesothelioma Mortality — United States, 1999–2015
Authors: Jacek M. Mazurek, Girija Syamlal, John M. Wood, Scott A. Hendricks, Ainsley Weston
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2017)

Malignant mesothelioma is a neoplasm associated with occupational and environmental inhalation exposure to asbestos* fibers and other elongate mineral particles (EMPs) (1-3). Patients have a median survival of approximately 1 year from the time of diagnosis (1). The latency period from first causative exposure to malignant mesothelioma development typically ranges from 20 to 40 years but can be as long as 71 years (2,3). Hazardous occupational exposures to asbestos fibers and other EMPs have occurred in a variety of industrial operations, including mining and milling, manufacturing, shipbuilding and repair, and construction (3). Current exposures to commercial asbestos in the United States occur predominantly during maintenance operations and remediation of older buildings containing asbestos (3,4). To update information on malignant mesothelioma mortality (5), CDC analyzed annual multiple cause-of-death records† for 1999-2015, the most recent years for which complete data are available. During 1999-2015, a total of 45,221 deaths with malignant mesothelioma mentioned on the death certificate as the underlying or contributing cause of death were reported in the United States, increasing from 2,479 deaths in 1999 to 2,597 in 2015 (in the same time period the age-adjusted death rates§ decreased from 13.96 per million in 1999 to 10.93 in 2015). Malignant mesothelioma deaths increased for persons aged ≥85 years, both sexes, persons of white, black, and Asian or Pacific Islander race, and all ethnic groups. Despite regulatory actions and the decline in use of asbestos the annual number of malignant mesothelioma deaths remains substantial. The continuing occurrence of malignant mesothelioma deaths underscores the need for maintaining measures to prevent exposure to asbestos fibers and other causative EMPs and for ongoing surveillance to monitor temporal trends.
Abstract 2001: Clinical and Angiographic Predictors of 30-Day and One-Year Ischemic Cardiac Events in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndromes Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: An ACUITY Substudy
Authors: Kenji Goto, Alexandra Lansky, Ecatarina Cristea, Michel E Bertrand, A. Michael Lincoff, Jeffrey W Moses, Martin Fahy, Roxana Mehran, Gregg W Stone
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: Clinical predictors of short and long-term ischemic outcomes following PCI in acute coronary syndromes (ACS) have been well studied. However, the angiographic predictors of adverse events have not been defined. Methods: The ACUITY trial randomized 13,819 pts with moderate and high risk ACS to unfractionated heparin or enoxaparin + GP IIb/Iii inhibitors (GPI), versus bivalirudin + GPI, vs. bivalirudin alone. The angiographic substudy of ACUITY included the first 7000 consecutive randomized US patients, of which 3664 underwent PCI. All angiograms were reviewed by an independent core laboratory for complete 3 vessel assessment of extent and CAD burden (total mm length of lesions with &gt;30%DS), as well as baseline and final lesion and flow characteristics. Clinical and angiographic predictors of composite ischemia (death, non-fatal MI, or ischemic target vessel revascularization) at 30 days and 1 year were identified by univariate and multivariable analysis using logistic regression analysis. Results: Coronary stents were used in 3429 (93.6%) pts, (84.4% DES). Composite ischemia occurred in 366 pts (10.0%) at 30 days and in 735 pts (21.0%) at one year. The independent predictors of 30 day and 1 year composite ischemic events by multivariable analysis are shown in the table . Conclusions: Beyond the clinical predictors of renal insufficiency and diabetes, CAD burden assessed by the number of diseased coronary vessels and the burden of CAD are independent predictor of 30 day and 1 year ischemic events in patients with ACS undergoing PCI. Baseline lesion specific characteristics including eccentric and calcified lesions, as well as angiographic PCI complications resulting in sustained no reflow, abrupt closure or thrombus were also independently predictive of adverse events. Table 7: Multivariate Predictors of Composite Ischemia
Abstract 189: Extended-Release Niacin Improves Endothelial Function, Restores Re-Endothelialization Capacity of Endothelial Progenitor Cells and Augments Vasoprotective Properties of HDL in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Sajoscha A Sorrentino, Christian Besler, Ferdinand H Bahlmann, Martin Meyer, Maja Mueller, Tibor Horváth, Mariko Heinemann, Stella Flemmer, Matthias J Bahr, Hermann Haller, Helmut Drexler, Ulf Landmesser
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: High density lipoprotein (HDL)-targeted therapies are currently evaluated as a novel therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular disease. However, recent data suggest that HDL may become dysfunctional in metabolic syndrome (MetS). We therefore evaluated the effect of extended-release niacin (ERN) on endothelial function, re-endothelialization capacity of endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) and HDL quality, i.e. the capacity of HDL to stimulate endothelial nitric oxide (NO) production and reduce superoxide (O 2 .− ) production. Methods and Results: Thirty MetS patients were randomized to 3 month treatment with ERN (1500 mg/d) or placebo. Flow-dependent, endothelium-mediated vasodilation (FDD) was characterized by high-resolution ultrasound, EPCs were cultured and HDL was isolated by ultracentrifugation before and after therapy. In vivo re-endothelialization capacity of EPCs was tested by transplantation of EPCs (5x10 5 cells) into nude mice using a carotid injury model. Furthermore, the effects of HDL on endothelial cell superoxide (O 2 . − ) and NO production were determined by electron spin resonance spectroscopy. ERN therapy significantly raised HDL levels (36.4±4.2 vs. 43.4±6.9 mg/dl, P &lt;0.01), whereas no change was observed after placebo (35.9±6.2 vs. 33.7±6.1 mg/dl, P n.s.). FDD was improved by ERN (5.2±1.8 vs 9.8±2.2%; P&lt;0.01), but not after placebo therapy (4.9±1.5 vs. 4.3±0.9 %; P n.s.). Moreover, the re-endothelialization capacity of EPCs was markedly increased after ERN, but not after placebo (REA-ERN: 34±9%; P&lt; 0.001 vs. placebo). Importantly, HDL isolated after ERN, but not after placebo therapy stimulated endothelial cell NO production and inhibited endothelial cell O 2 . − production, suggesting that improved vasoprotective properties of HDL contributed to beneficial effects of ERN therapy on endothelial function. Conclusions: The present study demonstrates that extended-release niacin improves endothelium-dependent vasodilation, restores re-endothelialization capacity of EPCs and importantly improves vasoprotective functions of HDL from patients with metabolic syndrome. These data suggest that extended-release niacin therapy has a beneficial effect on HDL vasoprotective qualities.
Cisplatin
Authors: PATRICK J. LOEHRER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

Cisplatin is a metal coordination compound that was approved for clinical use in treating testicular cancer 5 years ago. Although early trials showed marked gastrointestinal and renal toxicities, treatment-related morbidity has been significantly alleviated with modern antiemetic therapy and adequate pretreatment hydration. More recent clinical studies of cisplatin have shown a broad range of activity and provide a better understanding of the drug's pharmacology, mechanism of action, and toxicity. Variations in the dosage and mode of administration as well as development of cisplatin analogues are being currently studied.
The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde
Authors: Fiona Subotsky
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Do doctors need split personalities? Stevenson shows how important it was for a Victorian doctor to preserve his reputation by pursuing his pleasures secretly.

The scene is London and the fog swirls frequently. The plot unfolds in a thrilling way, by peeling off layers as characters reveal their experiences to the main narrator, Utterson, Dr Jekyll's lawyer, until the final pattern of events becomes clear.

Jekyll is a well respected, middle aged doctor whose hobby is chemistry, carried out in a laboratory at the back of his house. He discovers a chemical combination that releases an alternative personality, his baser side: “Mr Hyde.” The actual physical changes are even more fantastical and are emphasised by the many film and television versions, which show the hair sprout, knuckles enlarge, face distort. Hyde enjoys unnamed viciousness without conscience, and Jekyll enjoys this, while being able in his own personality to concentrate on “good deeds.”

Apart from two episodes of violence (an attack on a child and a murder), we are never told what the dreadful pleasures are; this is left to our imagination. Utterson hints at the later physical consequences of youthful “depravity,” and homosexual activity has also been offered as an interpretation.

Hyde swallows an antidote to return to being Jekyll, until supplies run out. Then he asks another doctor, Dr Lanyon, to obtain more antidote for him. Lanyon does this, and Hyde turns into Jekyll under Lanyon's eyes. Lanyon, overcome by horror, retires to bed and soon dies. Later the antidote ceases to work at all and Jekyll hides himself in his laboratory. Eventually Utterson and Jekyll's valet break down the door and find Hyde dead, but no sign of Jekyll. Papers explain what has happened.

At no stage do Utterson or Lanyon go to the police, but they protect and support Jekyll until the end: the trampled child's family is bought off; the doctor's reputation is maintained.

I first read this book many years ago, when my film producer husband was making a version of the story called I, Monster, originally intended to be in 3D. On re-reading, Jekyll and Hyde strikes me as brilliantly written and with many modern resonances. For instance, there doesn't have to be much scientific fantasy about substances that become addictive and foster behaviour outside the range of the acceptable—alcohol, for a start, and other substances are also more readily accessible to doctors. We might think of this altered state as “dissociation,” and Stevenson uses the same term. Finally, Dr Lanyon's fate is unfortunate: it is now clearer we should not protect our errant colleagues in this way.
Chagas disease in European countries: the challenge of a surveillance system
Authors: L Basile, J M Jansá, Y Carlier, D D Salamanca, A Angheben, A Bartoloni, J Seixas, T Van Gool, C Cañavate, M Flores-Chávez, Y Jackson, P L Chiodini, P Albajar-Viñas, Collective Working Group on Chagas Disease
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2011)

A study of aggregate data collected from the literature and official sources was undertaken to estimate expected and observed prevalence of Trypanosoma cruzi infection, annual incidence of congenital transmission and rate of underdiagnosis of Chagas disease among Latin American migrants in the nine European countries with the highest prevalence of Chagas disease. Formal and informal data sources were used to estimate the population from endemic countries resident in Europe in 2009, diagnosed cases of Chagas disease and births from mothers originating from endemic countries. By 2009, 4,290 cases had been diagnosed in Europe, compared with an estimated 68,000 to 122,000 expected cases. The expected prevalence was very high in undocumented migrants (on average 45% of total expected cases) while the observed prevalence rate was 1.3 cases per 1,000 resident migrants from endemic countries. An estimated 20 to 183 babies with congenital Chagas disease are born annually in the study countries. The annual incidence rate of congenital transmission per 1,000 pregnancies in women from endemic countries was between none and three cases. The index of under diagnosis of T. cruzi infection was between 94% and 96%. Chagas disease is a public health challenge in the studied European countries. Urgent measures need to be taken to detect new cases of congenital transmission and take care of the existing cases with a focus on migrants without legal residency permit and potential difficulty accessing care.
Abstract 361: ER Stress Contributes to Dysregulation Of GSK-3{beta}-mediated Suppression of Mitochondrial Permeability Transition in Diabetic Hearts
Authors: Takayuki Miki, Masaya Tanno, Atsushi Kuno, Toshiyuki Yano, Takahiro Sato, Hiroyuki Hotta, Satoko Ishikawa, Tetsuji Miura
Journal: Circulation (2008)
Abstract P102: Consumption of Fruits and Vegetables is Inversely Associated with Academic Performance Index Scores at a Large Urban School District
Authors: Vivian H Alfonso, Tony Kuo, William J McCarthy
Journal: Circulation (2013)

More than 26% and 22% of 5 th and 7 th graders, respectively, in Los Angeles County are obese. Recent efforts to address this public health problem have focused on system-level changes in the food environment, especially in school settings. Los Angeles Unified School District (LAUSD), the second largest district in the nation, serves well over 650,000 meals a day, 80% of which go to students who qualify for free or reduced-price lunches (FRPL). Because the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) meals are often the primary source of nutrition for students from low-income families, this setting represents a natural opportunity to examine the effects of offering more healthful foods on student health and academic achievements. Effective in the 2011-12 school year, new standards for the NSLP included increased offerings of fruits and vegetables. Food production records from LAUSD were validated using data from plate waste studies at four randomly selected middle schools. Correlations between food production records and visually monitored plate waste varied by school size (r=0.194 and r=0.722 for large and small schools, respectively). Using school-level data (N=74), race/ethnicity was associated with Academic Performance Index (API) scores; the ethnic composition of each school was associated with the percent of students eligible for FRPL. Simple linear regression (SLR) analyses revealed an inverse association between consumption of fruits and vegetables and API scores (β FV =-1.44, p&lt;0.001). The SLR also revealed an inverse association between percent of English learners and API score (β E =-5.81, p&lt;0.001) as well as an inverse association between percent of students eligible for FRPL and API scores (β L =-3.13, p&lt;0.001). The inverse relationship between healthful food consumption and standardized test scores may be a result of the high correlations between percent of English learners (E), percent of students eligible for FRPL (L) and weight of fruits and vegetables consumed per student (FV) (r E-L =0.80, p&lt;0.001; r E-FV =0.52, p&lt;0.001; r L-FV =0.68, p&lt;0.001). These findings suggest that healthful eating may help optimize physical and cognitive development. Due to their significant contribution to the diets of school children, changes in school meal program offerings could broadly help improve nutrition for children in low-income areas.
Point-of-Care Measurement of Clopidogrel Responsiveness Predicts Clinical Outcome in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Giuseppe Patti, Annunziata Nusca, Fabio Mangiacapra, Laura Gatto, Andrea D'Ambrosio, Germano Di Sciascio
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2008)
Abstract 163: Monitoring System of Regional Cerebral Oxygen Saturation During Pre-hospital Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Authors: Goro Tajima, Tadahiko Shiozaki, Hiroo Izumino, Shuhei Yamano, Takamitsu Inokuma, Tomohito Hirao, Kazunori Yamashita, Atsuko Nagatani, Osamu Tasaki
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Objective: We aimed to establish the monitoring system of rSO2 in patients with cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA) from pre-hospital, and clarify the changes in rSO2 during cardiopulmonary resuscitation ...
Abstract 861: Post Myocardial Infarction Implantation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Engineered to Over-express Stem Cell Factor Improves Cardiac Function but Results in Tumorogenesis
Authors: Shafie Fazel, Liwen Chen, Charit Seneviratne, Denis Angoulvant, Richard D Weisel, Ren-Ke Li
Journal: Circulation (2007)
Abstract P243: Measurement Properties of the Short Acculturation Scale: Preliminary Findings from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos
Authors: Elena L Navas-Nacher, Patricia Gonzalez, Orit Birnbaum-Weitzman, Gregory A Talavera, Neil Schneiderman, Timothy Johnson, Linda Gallo, Frank Penedo, Robert Kaplan, Maria Llabre, William Arguelles, Martha L Daviglus
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Extensive epidemiologic evidence suggests that greater acculturation levels are associated with higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, there is little information on the reliability and validity of instruments to measure acculturation across Hispanic/Latino (H/L) groups who prefer to communicate in English or Spanish. Objective: To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Short Acculturation Scale (SASH) to determine whether it is a reliable measure in a large, diverse sample of H/Ls, and whether there is measurement invariance across language groups. Methods: Cross-sectional data were used from the multi-site HCHS/SOL (Bronx, Chicago, Miami and San Diego) and included Cuban, Dominican, Puerto Rican, Mexican, Central or South American background household resident adults (18 to 74 years old; n = 16,331). Households were selected using a stratified two-stage probability sampling design, and door-to-door recruitment with sampling weights calibrated to the 2010 US Population Census. A 10-item abbreviated version of the SASH was administered in English or Spanish per the participant’s preference. Standardized factor loadings were calculated for all item-level confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and multi-group confirmatory factor analysis (MCFA) models. Results: The overall scale reliability was acceptable in the full sample (α =.90) and for both language versions (α =.78 for English, and α =.85 for Spanish). The Cronbach’s alphas were similar across H/L ethnic groups (ranging from α =.85 for South Americans to α =.89 for Mexicans). Data from the exploratory factor analysis suggested a 2 factor solution, with dimensions of language use and ethnic social relationships. In addition, CFA showed that the 2 factor solution was invariant across the Spanish and English groups. Conclusion: These preliminary findings suggest that the abbreviated SASH scale is reliable across language versions, and comparable (in terms of reliability and factors structure) across H/L ethnic groups.
Abstract 1044: Entpdase1 (CD39) Downregulates Monocyte And Neutrophil MAC-1 Expression
Authors: Matthew C Hyman, Danica Petrovic-Djergovic, Sean P Mazer, David J Pinsky
Journal: Circulation (2007)

The ecto-enzyme ENTPDase1 (CD39) has been shown to limit neutrophil and monocyte influx following brain, gut, and kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury, yet the exact mechanism remains unclear. Although it has been proposed this increased leukocyte-recruitment may be related to an effect of endothelial CD39 on endothelial barrier function, here we sought to explore a different hypothesis, one of intrinsic regulation of leukocyte trafficking by CD39 bound to the surface of the leukocytes themselves. Flow cytometry was used to analyze whole blood for adhesion molecule expression and all values were expressed relative to wild-type (WT) or vehicle injected controls. A specific upregulation of the purine responsive adhesion molecule CD11b (the μM subunit of MAC-1) was seen in CD39 −/− monocytes, compared to WT controls (1.83± .25, n=6, p&lt;0.01). The neutrophil population, conversely, did not display differences in cell surface MAC-1 at baseline (0.94 ± .14, n=6, p&gt;0.05). However, following stimulation with the bacterial mimetic peptide fMLP, CD39 −/− neutrophils showed a 34% greater increase in expression of MAC-1 compared to fMLP treated WT neutrophils (2.58 ± 0.50 vs. 1.92 ± 0.13, n=6, p&lt;0.03). This elevated CD11b expression on fMLP stimulated CD39 −/− neutrophils was highly reproducible. There was no change in CD11b expression following fMLP stimulation in WT or CD39 −/− monocytes. Treatment of CD39 −/− animals with a soluble apyrase (a functional analogue of CD39 which has been shown to mitigate platelet desensitization in CD39 −/− mice) resulted in restoration of a near wild-type expression of CD11b on monocytes relative to vehicle injected wild-type animals (1.1 ± 0.2, p&gt;0.05). By comparison, treatment of a wild-type animals with apyrase resulted in a 50% reduction in monocyte surface CD11b expression relative to vehicle (0.45 ± 0.03, p&lt;0.01). These findings reveal a mechanism of leukocyte autoregulation whereby CD39 modulates leukocyte trafficking to sites of vascular injury through a mechanism of intrinsic leukocyte catabolism of nucleotides and possibly via intrinsic and localized generation of adenosine.