SOME NEW APPROACHES TO THE PHYSIOLOGY OF THE THYROID
Authors: J. H. Means
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1943)

Article1 October 1943SOME NEW APPROACHES TO THE PHYSIOLOGY OF THE THYROIDJ. H. MEANS, M.D., F.A.C.P.J. H. MEANS, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-19-4-567 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIt is presumptuous, perhaps, for me, a clinician, to undertake to discuss a problem in physiology. My excuse is, of course, that knowledge of the function of organs is gained not only by planned experiment, but also by taking advantage of the experiments which nature presents in the form of disease. Not infrequently nature's method has provided the earlier and sometimes the more important information. My own approach to the thyroid has been, at least of late years, more in the clinic than in the laboratory, but my colleagues have indulged in planned experiment by newer methods as well, and...Bibliography1. SALTER WT: The endocrine function of iodine, 1940, Harvard University Press, Cambridge. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. MAGNUS-LEVY A: Ueber den respiratorischen Gaswechsel unter dem Einfluss der Thyroidea sowie unter verschiedenen pathologischen Zuständen, Berl. klin. Wchnschr., 1895, xxxii, 650. Google Scholar3. CANNONCATTELL WBM: Studies on the conditions of activity in endocrine glands. The secretory innervation of the thyroid gland, Am. Jr. Physiol., 1916, xli, 58. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. VOGT M: Zur Frage der nervösen Regulation der Schilddrüsentätigkeit, Arch. f. exper. Path. u. Pharmakol., 1931, clxii, 129. CrossrefGoogle Scholar5. MARINELENHART DCH: The pathological anatomy of the human thyroid gland, Arch. Int. Med., 1911, vii, 506. CrossrefGoogle Scholar6. UHLENHUTH E: Die Morphologie und Physiologie der Salamander-Schilddrüse, Entwcklngsmechn. d. Organ., 1927, cix, 611. Google Scholar7. ALGIRE GH: The study of the living thyroid gland, Bull. School Med. Univ. Maryland, 1939, xxiii, 211. Google Scholar8. WILLIAMS RG: Microscopic studies of living thyroid follicles implanted in transparent chambers installed in rabbit's ear, Am. Jr. Anat., 1937, lxii, 1. Google Scholar9. RIENHOFF WF: Microscopic changes induced in thyroid gland by oral administration of desiccated thyroid. Use of the substance in treatment of congenital and simple colloid goiter, Arch. Surg., 1940, xii, 487. CrossrefGoogle Scholar10. BAUMANN E: Ueber das normale Vorkommen des Jods im Thierkörper. III. Der Iodgehalt der Schilddrüsen von Menschen und Thieren, Ztschr. f. physiol. Chem., 1896, xxii, 1. Google Scholar11. KENDALL EC: The isolation in crystalline form of the compound containing iodin which occurs in the thyroid. Its chemical nature and physiological activity, Trans. Assoc. Am. Phys., 1915, xxx, 420. Google Scholar12. HARINGTONBARGER CRG: Chemistry of thyroxine. III. Constitution and synthesis of thyroxine, Biochem. Jr., 1927, xxi, 169. CrossrefGoogle Scholar13. GUDERNATSCH JF: Fütterungsversuche an Amphibienlarven, Zentralbl. f. Physiol., 1912, xxvi, 323. Google Scholar14. UHLENHUTH E: Relation between thyroid gland, metamorphosis, and growth, Jr. Gen. Physiol., 1919, i, 473. CrossrefGoogle Scholar15. HARINGTONSALTER CRWT: The isolation of l-thyroxine from the thyroid gland by the action of proteolytic enzymes, Biochem. Jr., 1930, xxiv, 456. CrossrefGoogle Scholar16. LERMANSALTER JWT: The maintenance requirements of myxedema patients. Clinical and chemical assay of commercial thyroid preparations, Jr. Pharmacol. and Exper. Therap., 1934, l, 298. Google Scholar17. SALTERPEARSON WTOH: The enzymic synthesis from thyroid diiodotyrosine peptone of an artificial protein which relieves myxedema, Jr. Biol. Chem., 1936, cxii, 579. CrossrefGoogle Scholar18. SALTERLERMAN WTJ: The genesis of thyroid protein. Clinical assays of artificial thyroid protein in human myxedema, Endocrinology, 1936, xx, 801. CrossrefGoogle Scholar19. REINEKETURNER EPCW: Thyroidal action of synthetic thyroprotein, Jr. Clin. Endocrinol., 1943, iii, 1. CrossrefGoogle Scholar20. PLUMMER HS: Interrelationship of function of the thyroid gland and of its active agent, thyroxin, in the tissues of the body, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1921, lxxvii, 243. Google Scholar21. GERARDMCINTYRE RWM: The effect of thyroid feeding on tissue respiration, Am. Jr. Physiol., 1933, ciii, 225. Google Scholar22. DAVISHASTINGS JEAB: Relation of thyroxine to the metabolism of tissues, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1935, civ, 252. Google Scholar23. MCEACHERN D: The metabolism of isolated surviving tissues from animals rendered hyperthyroid with thyroxine, Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp., 1935, lvi, 145. Google Scholar24. SALTERCRAIGE WTFN: Vicarious metabolic response. The oxygen consumption of surviving tissues in plasma from hyperthyroid organisms, Jr. Clin. Invest., 1938, xvii, 502. Google Scholar25. CANZANELLIRAPPORT AD: The effect of thyroglobulin and related substances on the O2 consumption of liver in vitro, Endocrinology, 1937, xxi, 779. CrossrefGoogle Scholar26. LERMAN J: Iodine components of the blood. Circulating thyroglobulin in normal persons and in persons with thyroid disease, Jr. Clin. Invest., 1940, xix, 555. CrossrefGoogle Scholar27. BASSETTCOONSSALTER AMAHWT: Protein-bound iodine in blood. V. Naturally occurring iodine fractions and their chemical behavior, Am. Jr. Med. Sci., 1941, ccii, 516. CrossrefGoogle Scholar28. CANZANELLIGUILDRAPPORT ARD: Further observations on the effect of thyroglobulin and thyroxin on the O2 consumption of tissues in vitro, Endocrinology, 1939, xxv, 707. CrossrefGoogle Scholar29. GALLI-MAININI C: Effect of thyroid and thyrotropic hormones upon oxygen consumption (QO2) of the thyroid of the guinea pig, Endocrinology, 1941, xxix, 674. CrossrefGoogle Scholar30. RAWSONSTERNEAUB RWGDJC: Physiological reactions of the thyroid-stimulating hormone of the pituitary. I. Its inactivation by exposure to thyroid tissue in vitro, Endocrinology, 1942, xxx, 240. CrossrefGoogle Scholar31. RAWSONGRAHAMRIDDELL RWRC: Personal communication. Google Scholar32. HERTZOASTLER SEG: Assay of blood and urine for thyreotropic hormone in thyrotoxicosis and myxedema, Endocrinology, 1936, xx, 520. CrossrefGoogle Scholar33. RAWSONGRAHAMRIDDELL RWRC: Physiological reactions of the thyroid stimulating hormone of the pituitary. II. Effect of normal and pathologic human thyroid tissue on TSH activity, ANN. INT. MED., 1943, xix, 405-414. Google Scholar34. HERTZROBERTSEVANS SARD: Radioactive iodine as an indicator in the study of thyroid physiology, Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. and Med., 1938, xxxviii, 510. CrossrefGoogle Scholar35. HAMILTONSOLEY JGMH: Studies in iodine metabolism by the use of a new radioactive isotope of iodine, Am. Jr. Physiol., 1939, cxxvii, 557. CrossrefGoogle Scholar36. LEBLONDSÜECHAMORRO CPPA: Passage de l'iode radioactif (I*128) dans la thyroïde d'animaux sans hypophyse, Compt.-rend. Soc. de biol., 1940, cxxxiii, 540. Google Scholar37. MANNLEBLONDWARREN WCPSL: Iodine metabolism of the thyroid gland, Jr. Biol. Chem., 1942, cxlii, 905. CrossrefGoogle Scholar38. HAMILTONSOLEYEICHORN JGMHKB: Deposition of radioactive iodine in human thyroid tissue, Univ. California Publ., Pharmacol., 1940, i, 339. Google Scholar39. HERTZROBERTS SA: Radioactive iodine as an indicator in thyroid physiology. III. Iodine collection as a criterion of thyroid function in rabbits injected with thyrotropic hormone, Endocrinology, 1941, xxix, 82. CrossrefGoogle Scholar40. HERTZROBERTSSALTER SAWT: Radioactive iodine as an indicator in thyroid physiology. IV. The metabolism of iodine in Graves' disease, Jr. Clin. Invest., 1942, xxi, 25. CrossrefGoogle Scholar41. HERTZROBERTS SA: Radioactive iodine as an indicator in thyroid physiology. V. The use of radioactive iodine in the differential diagnosis of two types of Graves' disease, Jr. Clin. Invest., 1942, xxi, 31. CrossrefGoogle Scholar42. HUNT R: Standardization of thyroid preparations, Arch. Int. Med., 1925, xxxv, 671. CrossrefGoogle Scholar43. CHESNEYCLAWSONWEBSTER AMTAB: Endemic goiter in rabbits. I. Incidence and characteristics, Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp., 1928, xliii, 261. Google Scholar44. MARINEBAUMANNWEBSTERCIPRA DEJBA: The occurrence of anti-goitrous substances in plants, Jr. Exper. Med., 1933, lvii, 121. CrossrefGoogle Scholar45. RAWSONHERTZMEANS RWSJH: Cyanate goiter in man. Report of a case with histological and metabolic studies, Jr. Clin. Invest., 1942, xxi, 624. Google Scholar46. KOBACKER JL: Production of goiter and myxedema by sulfocyanates, Ohio State Med. Jr., 1942, xxxviii, 541. Google Scholar47. MACKENZIEMACKENZIE JBCG: The effect of "sulfa" drugs on the thyroid gland in rats and mice, Fed. Proc., 1942, i, 122. Google Scholar48. MACKENZIEMACKENZIE CGJB: Effect of sulfonamides and thioureas on the thyroid gland and basal metabolism, Endocrinology, 1943, xxxii, 182. Google Scholar49. ASTWOODSULLIVANBISSELLTYSLOWITZ EBJAR: Action of certain sulfonamides and of thiourea upon the function of the thyroid gland of the rat, Endocrinology, 1943, xxxii, 210. CrossrefGoogle Scholar50. ASTWOOD EB: Personal communication. Google Scholar51. MEANS JH: The nature of Graves' disease with special reference to its ophthalmic component, Am. Jr. Med. Sci., In press. Google Scholar52. LAMBIE CG: The thyreotrophic hormone and its relation to clinical syndromes, Med. Jr. Australia, 1939, ii, 819 and 853. CrossrefGoogle Scholar53. MARINE D: On the occurrence and physiological nature of glandular hyperplasia of the thyroid (dog and sheep), together with remarks on important clinical (human) problems, Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp., 1907, xviii, 359. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Boston, Massachusetts*Received for publication April 19, 1943.From the Thyroid Clinic of the Massachusetts General Hospital. A lecture delivered before the Alpha of Virginia Chapter of Alpha Omega Alpha, University of Virginia, February 19, 1943. Nextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byBlood Concentration of Thyrotropic Hormone in Normal Subjects and in Patients with Thyroid DiseaseA clinical comparison of the effectiveness of 6-n-propylthiouracil and 2-thiouracil as antithyrotoxic agentsNEPHROSIS AND HYPOTHYREOSIS1,2Thiouracil and HyperthyroidismThyroxine: its biosynthesis and its immunochemistry 1 October 1943Volume 19, Issue 4Page: 567-586KeywordsHospitalsResearch laboratoriesThyroid ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 October 1943 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright, 1943, by The American College of PhysiciansPDF downloadLoading ...