tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Digitally‐enabled, person‐centred care (PCC) in allergen immunotherapy: An ARIA‐EAACI Position Paper
Authors: Oliver Pfaar, Bernardo Sousa‐Pinto, Nikolaos G. Papadopoulos, Désirée E. Larenas‐Linnemann, Michal Ordak, Maria J. Torres, Ralph Mösges, Ludger Klimek, Torsten Zuberbier, Paolo M. Matricardi, Uwe E. Berger, Markus Berger, Stephanie Dramburg, Vera Mahler, Sanna K. Toppila‐Salmi, Karl‐Christian Bergmann, Markus Ollert, Salvatore Tripodi, Marek Jutel, Ioana Agache, Ibon Eguiluz‐Gracia, G. Walter Canonica, Cezmi A. Akdis, Milena Sokolowska, Mikhail Sofiev, Mohamed H. Shamji, Wienczyslawa Czarlewski, Joao A. Fonseca, Anna Bedbrook, Jean Bousquet
Journal: Allergy (2024)

Abstract In rhinitis and asthma, several mHealth apps have been developed but only a few have been validated. However, these apps have a high potential for improving person‐centred care (PCC), especially in allergen immunotherapy (AIT). They can provide support in AIT initiation by selecting the appropriate patient and allergen shared decision‐making. They can also help in (i) the evaluation of (early) efficacy, (ii) early and late stopping rules and (iii) the evaluation of (carried‐over) efficacy after cessation of the treatment course. Future perspectives have been formulated in the first report of a joint task force (TF)—Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) and the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI)—on digital biomarkers. The TF on AIT now aims to (i) outline the potential of the clinical applications of mHealth solutions, (ii) express their current limitations, (iii) make proposals regarding further developments for both clinical practice and scientific purpose and (iv) suggest which of the tools might best comply with the purpose of digitally‐enabled PCC in AIT.
The 1+Million Genomes Minimal Dataset for Cancer
Authors: Michela Riba, Cinzia Sala, Aedin C. Culhane, Åsmund Flobak, Attila Patocs, Kjetil Boye, Karla Plevova, Šárka Pospíšilová, Giorgia Gandolfi, Marco J. Morelli, Gabriele Bucci, Anders Edsjö, Ulrik Lassen, Fátima Al-Shahrour, Nuria Lopez-Bigas, Randi Hovland, Edwin Cuppen, Alfonso Valencia, Helene A. Poirel, Richard Rosenquist, Serena Scollen, Juan Arenas Marquez, Jeroen Belien, Arcangela De Nicolo, Ruggero De Maria, David Torrents, Giovanni Tonon
Journal: Nature Genetics (2024)
Drug resistance mechanisms and treatment strategies mediated by Ubiquitin-Specific Proteases (USPs) in cancers: new directions and therapeutic options
Authors: Hongli Gao, Zhuo Xi, Jingwei Dai, Jinqi Xue, Xin Guan, Liang Zhao, Zhiguang Chen, Fei Xing
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2024)

Abstract Drug resistance represents a significant obstacle in cancer treatment, underscoring the need for the discovery of novel therapeutic targets. Ubiquitin-specific proteases (USPs), a subclass of deubiquitinating enzymes, play a pivotal role in protein deubiquitination. As scientific research advances, USPs have been recognized as key regulators of drug resistance across a spectrum of treatment modalities, including chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and radiotherapy. This comprehensive review examines the complex relationship between USPs and drug resistance mechanisms, focusing on specific treatment strategies and highlighting the influence of USPs on DNA damage repair, apoptosis, characteristics of cancer stem cells, immune evasion, and other crucial biological functions. Additionally, the review highlights the potential clinical significance of USP inhibitors as a means to counter drug resistance in cancer treatment. By inhibiting particular USP, cancer cells can become more susceptible to a variety of anti-cancer drugs. The integration of USP inhibitors with current anti-cancer therapies offers a promising strategy to circumvent drug resistance. Therefore, this review emphasizes the importance of USPs as viable therapeutic targets and offers insight into fruitful directions for future research and drug development. Targeting USPs presents an effective method to combat drug resistance across various cancer types, leading to enhanced treatment strategies and better patient outcomes.
The first confirmed human case of rabies, Timor-Leste, 2024
Authors: Marcelo Amaral Mali, Filipe de Neri Machado, Filomeno Pinto Moniz, Frederico Bosco Alves dos Santos, Perpetua Ana Mery Estela Laot, Ari Jayanti Pereira Tilman, Tanizio Ebryes Florindo, Cristovao de Alexandria Barros, Adriano Barbosa, Jose A Oliveira Lima, Joao Paulo Goncalves, Francisco Borges, Elisabeth Hornay, Joanico Moises, Osmenia de Jesus Neto, Liliana Varela, Agapito da Costa, Anthony DK Draper, Joshua R Francis, Merita Antonio A Monteiro
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2024)

In March 2024, the first ever human case of rabies, following a dog bite, was detected in Timor-Leste. This paper briefly discusses the circumstances of transmission, clinical presentation, palliative care of the case and public health measures taken. Timor-Leste was previously considered rabies-free. Any person who is bitten or scratched by an animal that could potentially transmit rabies virus (especially dogs, bats, monkeys or cats) in Timor-Leste should be assessed for consideration of provision of rabies post-exposure prophylaxis.
Equitable implementation of a precision digital health program for glucose management in individuals with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes
Authors: Priya Prahalad, David Scheinker, Manisha Desai, Victoria Y. Ding, Franziska K. Bishop, Ming Yeh Lee, Johannes Ferstad, Dessi P. Zaharieva, Ananta Addala, Ramesh Johari, Korey Hood, David M. Maahs
Journal: Nature Medicine (2024)
A combined cross-sectional analysis and case-control study evaluating tick-borne encephalitis vaccination coverage, disease and vaccine effectiveness in children and adolescents, Switzerland, 2005 to 2022
Authors: Kyra D Zens, Ekkehardt Altpeter, Monica N Wymann, Annora Mack, Nora B Baer, Sarah R Haile, Robert Steffen, Jan S Fehr, Phung Lang
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2024)

BackgroundTick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a severe, vaccine-preventable viral infection of the central nervous system. Symptoms are generally milder in children and adolescents than in adults, though severe disease does occur. A better understanding of the disease burden and duration of vaccine-mediated protection is important for vaccination recommendations.AimTo estimate TBE vaccination coverage, disease severity and vaccine effectiveness (VE) among individuals aged 0-17 years in Switzerland.MethodsVaccination coverage between 2005 and 2022 was estimated using the Swiss National Vaccination Coverage Survey (SNVCS), a nationwide, repeated cross-sectional study assessing vaccine uptake. Incidence and severity of TBE between 2005 and 2022 were determined using data from the Swiss disease surveillance system and VE was calculated using a case-control analysis, matching TBE cases with SNVCS controls.ResultsOver the study period, vaccination coverage increased substantially, from 4.8% (95% confidence interval (CI): 4.1-5.5%) to 50.1% (95% CI: 48.3-52.0%). Reported clinical symptoms in TBE cases were similar irrespective of age. Neurological involvement was less likely in incompletely (1-2 doses) and completely (≥ 3 doses) vaccinated cases compared with unvaccinated ones. For incomplete vaccination, VE was 66.2% (95% CI: 42.3-80.2), whereas VE for complete vaccination was 90.8% (95% CI: 87.7-96.4). Vaccine effectiveness remained high, 83.9% (95% CI: 69.0-91.7) up to 10 years since last vaccination.ConclusionsEven children younger than 5 years can experience severe TBE. Incomplete and complete vaccination protect against neurological manifestations of the disease. Complete vaccination offers durable protection up to 10 years against TBE.
Raw meat-based diet for pets: a neglected source of human exposure to Salmonella and pathogenic Escherichia coli clones carrying mcr, Portugal, September 2019 to January 2020
Authors: Marisa Ribeiro-Almeida, Joana Mourão, Mafalda Magalhães, Ana R Freitas, Carla Novais, Luísa Peixe, Patrícia Antunes
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2024)

Background The pet industry is expanding worldwide, particularly raw meat-based diets (RMBDs). There are concerns regarding the safety of RMBDs, especially their potential to spread clinically relevant antibiotic-resistant bacteria or zoonotic pathogens. Aim We aimed to investigate whether dog food, including RMBD, commercially available in Portugal can be a source of Salmonella and/or other Enterobacteriaceae strains resistant to last-line antibiotics such as colistin. Methods Fifty-five samples from 25 brands (21 international ones) of various dog food types from 12 suppliers were screened by standard cultural methods between September 2019 and January 2020. Isolates were characterised by phenotypic and genotypic methods, including whole genome sequencing and comparative genomics. Results Only RMBD batches were contaminated, with 10 of 14 containing polyclonal multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli and one MDR Salmonella . One turkey-based sample contained MDR Salmonella serotype 1,4,[5],12:i:- ST34/cgST142761 with similarity to human clinical isolates occurring worldwide. This Salmonella exhibited typical antibiotic resistance ( bla TEM + strA-strB + sul2 + tet(B) ) and metal tolerance profiles ( pco + sil + ars ) associated with the European epidemic clone. Two samples (turkey/veal) carried globally dispersed MDR E. coli (ST3997-complexST10/cgST95899 and ST297/cgST138377) with colistin resistance (minimum inhibitory concentration: 4 mg/L) and mcr-1 gene on IncX4 plasmids, which were identical to other IncX4 circulating worldwide. Conclusion Some RMBDs from European brands available in Portugal can be a vehicle for clinically relevant MDR Salmonella and pathogenic E. coli clones carrying genes encoding resistance to the last-line antibiotic colistin. Proactive actions within the One Health context, spanning regulatory, pet-food industry and consumer levels, are needed to mitigate these public health risks.
Optimization of Radiation Exposure when Examining Patients with Pathology of the Craniovertebral Region
Authors: A. D. Gukova, V. V. Petrovskaya, Ya. A. Lubashev
Journal: Radiology - Practice (2023)

The diagnostics are based on the principle of obtaining informative and high-quality images with minimal radiation exposure using radiation diagnostic methods: traditional radiography, multislice and cone-beam computed tomography. When conducting X-ray examinations, the main factors in reducing the risk of radiation exposure are the use of highly sensitive digital diagnostic image receivers, minimal exposure time, and a minimum number of images per examination. A lower current value and high anode voltage values, a minimum focal spot size, the placement of the tube as far as possible from the patient and the image receiver as close to the patient as possible, collimation of the radiation beam, and preference for a low radiation dose rate mode are also factors in reducing the risk of radiation exposure. Imaging of the craniovertebral region using cone beam computed tomography offers the opportunity to evaluate the bone structure of the region in detail, with an equal or less effective dose to the patient.
Preclinical diagnostics hemolytic-uremic syndrome in a child. Clinical observation
Authors: E. B. Olkhova, V. O. Soboleva, M. M. Fedoseeva
Journal: Radiology - Practice (2024)

Hemolytic — uremic syndrome (HUS) is one of the most severe conditions in pediatric practice. Acute kidney failure (AKF), which is a component of HUS, requires the earliest diagnosis and emergency medical care. Most of the young patients suffer from diarrhea-associated (D+) HUS, so ultrasound marks of kidney injury very important for young patients with severe hemocolitis. In this article we present the observation of preclinical diagnostics AKF the child 2 years and 11 month old with hemocolitis, when HUS’s marks (such as structure’s changes of the renal parenchyma and critical changes of renal hemodynamics) were detected before clinical manifestation AKF. This observation is illustrated with echograms and accompanied by a brief review of the literature.
Possibilities of Computer Tomography in Preoperative Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment Planning of Juvenile Angiofibroma of the Nasopharynx and Skull Base
Authors: A. S. Krasnov, P. A. Levin, I. N. Vorozhtsov, N. S. Grachev, G. V. Tereshchenko
Journal: Radiology - Practice (2024)

The purpose of work was to determine CECT characteristics of primary juvenile angiofibroma of the nasopharynx and skull base (JNA), as well as determination of the paths of spread for the tumor, search for those of them, which are statistically significantly associated with surgical blood loss of subsequent treatment and search for ways to model possible blood loss on their basis. Materials and methods. The data of 60 patients aged from 8 to 17 years were analyzed retrospectively. All patients were boys. The median age was 14 years. The median duration of the disease at the time of surgery was 7 months. The correlation between each of 45 evaluation criteria and intraoperative blood loss was determined for patients in the study group. Results. CT characteristics of JNA were established. The factors, detected by CECT, statistically significantly influencing intraoperative blood loss in angiofibroma treatment were established. A method for modeling intraoperative blood loss based on imaging data was presented. Conclusion. CT with contrast enhancement allows determining of characteristic radiological signs of JNA as well as its characteristics influencing blood loss during surgical treatment. Based on CT data it is possible to model blood loss potential during the JNA treatment.
Stereotactic Radiotherapy of VHL-Associated hemangioblastomas: A Family Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: A. I. Lestrovaya, I. N. Pronin, A. V. Golanov, A. I. Batalov, N. A. Antipina, I. I. Danilina
Journal: Radiology - Practice (2024)

Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome (VHL) is a rare autosomal-dominant inherited cancer syndrome with different phenotypes caused by variants in the VHL gene. Hemangioblastoma (HAB) is a benign tumor of the central nervous system and may appear as a component of VHL disease. HAB is one of the most common manifestations and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with BGL, but can also occur as a sporadic form. This tumor often has a cystic component and is multiple in nature. Mainly located subtentorially. MRI is the gold standard for diagnosis; computed tomography and perfusion techniques can also be used to make the correct diagnosis. The definitive treatment for these lesions is surgical resection, followed by SRS if necessary. Stereotactic irradiation is the method of choice for hemangioblastomas, especially with early detection of relatively small lesions, including those with multiple lesions. Radiosurgery is carried out with a high degree of efficiency with low toxicity, which is especially important for patients with minimally severe symptoms and in pediatric patients and also is recommended to patients with limited surgical alternatives (i.e., severe medical comorbidities, surgically unresectable tumors). SRS offered a satisfactory 5-year tumor control of HHB to VHL patients. The article describes a family case of hemangioblastoma, traced over several generations, provides an algorithm for the management of patients with VHL syndrome with recommendations for the required scope of their diagnosis, observation and discussion of approaches to their treatment. Careful collection of family history, genetic and follow up examination carried out systematically and correctly, monitoring of patients with VHL will allow timely establishment of the correct diagnosis and more widespread use of the stereotactic irradiation method.
Echocardiographic Assessment of Cardiomyopathy in Pediatric Oncology Associated with Increased Cardiac Output Due to the Influence of the Tumor Process: Pheochromocytoma/Paraganglioma, Neuroblastoma (Literature Review with Clinical Observations)
Authors: E. A. Sazhaev, V. Yu. Bugaeva, E. S. Shchelkanova, G. V. Tereshchenko
Journal: Radiology - Practice (2023)

The condition of increased cardiac output is a state in which, in response to various pathological causes, there is a pathological activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone and sympathetic-adrenal systems, which overall creates a multifaceted, increased load on the heart, ultimately leading to heart failure. The cause of this condition may be arteriovenous pathological shunts, among which arteriovenous dural fistulas in glomus tumors (intracranial paragangliomas) occupy a special place. An arteriovenous fistula is a direct connection between an artery and a vein bypassing the capillary bed, creating a massive shunt from the high-pressure system to the low-pressure system, triggering a pathophysiological chain. In addition, activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone and sympathetic-adrenal systems and direct myocardial damage can be caused by elevated levels of catecholamines in the blood in cases of adrenal paraganglioma (pheochromocytoma) and neuroblastoma. The condition of increased cardiac output is more often described in the literature using examples of clinical cases in adults, with significantly less literature data available in pediatric practice.
Efficacy and safety of a 7‐week immunotherapy protocol with aluminium hydroxide adsorbed hymenoptera venom
Authors: Bogusia Kasternow, Da‐In S. Kim, Patrick F. K. Yong
Journal: Allergy (2024)

The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available due to privacy or ethical restrictions. Data S1. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Multiparametric Quantitative MRI Evaluation of Changes in Brain Myelin Content after the First Course of Chemotherapy
Authors: V. P. Bondarenko, D. A. Kupriyanov, A. V. Artemov, G. V. Tereshchenko
Journal: Radiology - Practice (2024)

Objective. Quantitative assessment of changes in brain myelin content after the first course of chemotherapy Materials and Methods. T1 and T2 maps as well as myelin water fraction (MWF) and macromolecular proton fraction (MPF) maps, reflecting myelin content, were acquired in 6 patients (mean age — 13.7 ± 2.4 years) before and after the first course of chemotherapy. The study was carried out using on 3T MRI scanner. Statistical data processing was carried out using the GraphPad Prism. Results. MPF and T2 values showed an increase in the thalamus and white matter of the occipital lobes of the brain, while MWF values showed an increase in the cerebellum and a decline in the white matter of the frontal lobes. Significant changes were not found for T1 values. Discussion. According to MWF the structures of the brain which are primarily affected by treatment with toxic drugs — the white matter of the frontal lobes and the cerebellum, were revealed. MWF values decreasing in the white matter of the frontal lobes may indicate the process of demyelination in this area, while increased MWF values in the cerebellum could be caused either by remyelination processes or by incomplete cleansing of myelin residues accumulation by macrophages at the site of degeneration. Conclusion. The results obtained demonstrated high potential of MWF values serve as early changes biomarker of neurotoxicity after the chemotherapy treatment. Along with this, the MPF index, which is more sensitive to cerebral edema, may be a predictor of demyelination.
Risk of Gastrointestinal Perforation in Patients With Rheumatic Diseases Exposed to Janus Kinase Inhibitors Versus Adalimumab: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Lea Hoisnard, Antoine Meyer, Rosemary Dray‐Spira, Alain Weill, Mahmoud Zureik, Emilie Sbidian
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2024)

To compare the risk of gastrointestinal perforation (GIP), a rare but serious adverse event, in patients who a JAK inhibitor (JAKi; tofacitinib, baricitinib, upadacitinib, or filgotinib) versus adalimumab (tumor necrosis factor inhibitor) among a comprehensive real-world population of patients with rheumatic diseases.
Single-cell transcriptome analysis reveals subtype-specific clonal evolution and microenvironmental changes in liver metastasis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma and their clinical implications
Authors: Joo Kyung Park, Hyoung-oh Jeong, Hyemin Kim, Jin Ho Choi, Eun Mi Lee, Seunghoon Kim, Jinho Jang, David Whee-Young Choi, Se-Hoon Lee, Kyoung Mee Kim, Kee-Taek Jang, Kwang Hyuck Lee, Kyu Taek Lee, Min Woo Lee, Jong Kyun Lee, Semin Lee
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2024)

Abstract Background Intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) and tumor microenvironment (TME) of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) play important roles in tumor evolution and patient outcomes. However, the precise characterization of diverse cell populations and their crosstalk associated with PDAC progression and metastasis is still challenging. Methods We performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of treatment-naïve primary PDAC samples with and without paired liver metastasis samples to understand the interplay between ITH and TME in the PDAC evolution and its clinical associations. Results scRNA-seq analysis revealed that even a small proportion (22%) of basal-like malignant ductal cells could lead to poor chemotherapy response and patient survival and that epithelial-mesenchymal transition programs were largely subtype-specific. The clonal homogeneity significantly increased with more prevalent and pronounced copy number gains of oncogenes, such as KRAS and ETV1 , and losses of tumor suppressor genes, such as SMAD2 and MAP2K4 , along PDAC progression and metastasis. Moreover, diverse immune cell populations, including naï﻿ve SELL hi regulatory T cells (Tregs) and activated TIGIT hi Tregs, contributed to shaping immunosuppressive TMEs of PDAC through cellular interactions with malignant ductal cells in PDAC evolution. Importantly, the proportion of basal-like ductal cells negatively correlated with that of immunoreactive cell populations, such as cytotoxic T cells, but positively correlated with that of immunosuppressive cell populations, such as Tregs. Conclusion We uncover that the proportion of basal-like subtype is a key determinant for chemotherapy response and patient outcome, and that PDAC clonally evolves with subtype-specific dosage changes of cancer-associated genes by forming immunosuppressive microenvironments in its progression and metastasis.