tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
TREM2 macrophages mediate the beneficial effects of bariatric surgery against MASH
Authors: Gavin Fredrickson, Kira Florczak, Fanta Barrow, Shamsed Mahmud, Katrina Dietsche, Haiguang Wang, Preethy Parthiban, Andrew Hakeem, Rawan Almutlaq, Oyedele Adeyi, Adam Herman, Alessandro Bartolomucci, Christopher Staley, Xiao Dong, Cyrus Jahansouz, Jesse W. Williams, Douglas G. Mashek, Sayeed Ikramuddin, Xavier S. Revelo
Journal: Hepatology (2024)

For patients with obesity and metabolic syndrome, bariatric procedures such as vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) have a clear benefit in ameliorating metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). While the effects of bariatric surgeries have been mainly attributed to nutrient restriction and malabsorption, whether immuno-modulatory mechanisms are involved remains unclear. Using murine models, we report that VSG ameliorates MASH progression in a weight loss-independent manner. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed that hepatic lipid-associated macrophages (LAMs) expressing the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) repress inflammation and increase their lysosomal activity in response to VSG. Remarkably, TREM2 deficiency in mice ablates the reparative effects of VSG, suggesting that TREM2 is required for MASH resolution. Mechanistically, TREM2 prevents the inflammatory activation of macrophages and is required for their efferocytic function. Overall, our findings indicate that bariatric surgery improves MASH through a reparative process driven by TREM2+ macrophages, providing insights into the mechanisms of disease reversal that may result in new therapies and improved surgical interventions.
Prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism and longitudinal thyroid stimulating hormone changes in youth with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: an observational study
Authors: Matthew Untalan, Nancy A. Crimmins, Katherine P. Yates, Ali A. Mencin, Stavra A. Xanthakos, Vidhu V. Thaker
Journal: Hepatology (2024)

Background: Studies on adults have shown an association between overt or subclinical hypothyroidism and metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). The goal of this study was to assess the relationship between thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels and the histological characteristics of MASLD in youth. Methods: This observational study used prospectively collected liver biopsy and clinical data from youth enrolled in 2 pediatric clinical trials in the Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Clinical Research Network (NASH CRN). Thyroid assays were compared between youth with MASLD and population-based controls aged ≤18 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Individuals with overt hypothyroidism, abnormal antithyroid antibodies, or thyroid-related medications were excluded. Subclinical hypothyroidism was defined as TSH between 4.5 and 10.0 uIU/L. Multinomial logistic regression was used to test the association between TSH and MASLD histological changes at baseline, adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and body mass index. Mixed-effect models, including treatment and time, were used for the longitudinal analysis. Results: Mean TSH, total thyroxine (T4), total triiodothyronine (T3), and free T4 levels were higher ( p &lt; 0.001) in the NASH CRN cohort (n = 218; 421 observations) than in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cohort (n = 2198). TSH levels were positively associated with increased steatosis over time ( p = 0.03). Subclinical hypothyroidism was associated with borderline or definite metabolic-associated steatohepatitis on histology at baseline ( p = 0.03) and with changes in fibrosis over time ( p = 0.01). Conclusions: The association between TSH and steatosis severity in individuals with normal thyroid hormone concentrations suggests an independent role of TSH in MASLD.
Atezolizumab Combined With Platinum and Maintenance Niraparib for Recurrent Ovarian Cancer With a Platinum-Free Interval &gt;6 Months: ENGOT-OV41/GEICO 69-O/ANITA Phase III Trial
Authors: Antonio González-Martín, María Jesús Rubio, Florian Heitz, René Depont Christensen, Nicoletta Colombo, Toon Van Gorp, Margarita Romeo, Isabelle Ray-Coquard, Lydia Gaba, Alexandra Leary, Luis Miguel De Sande, Coriolan Lebreton, Andrés Redondo, Michel Fabbro, Maria-Pilar Barretina Ginesta, Philippe Follana, J. Alejandro Pérez-Fidalgo, Manuel Rodrigues, Ana Santaballa, Renaud Sabatier, Maria José Bermejo-Pérez, Jean-Pierre Lotz, Beatriz Pardo, Gloria Marquina, Luisa Sánchez-Lorenzo, María Quindós, Purificación Estévez-García, Eva Guerra Alía, Luis Manso, Victoria Casado, Stefan Kommoss, Germana Tognon, Stéphanie Henry, Ilan Bruchim, Ana Oaknin, Frédéric Selle
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2024)

To evaluate atezolizumab combined with platinum-based chemotherapy (CT) followed by maintenance niraparib for late-relapsing recurrent ovarian cancer.
Efficient combinatorial adaptor-mediated targeting of acute myeloid leukemia with CAR T-cells
Authors: Laura Volta, Renier Myburgh, Christian Pellegrino, Christian Koch, Monique Maurer, Francesco Manfredi, Mara Hofstetter, Anne Kaiser, Florin Schneiter, Jan Müller, Marco M Buehler, Roberto De Luca, Nicholas Favalli, Chiara F Magnani, Timm Schroeder, Dario Neri, Markus G Manz
Journal: Leukemia (2024)

CAR T-cell products targeting lineage-specific cell-of-origin antigens, thereby eliminating both tumor and healthy counterpart cells, are currently clinically approved therapeutics in B- and plasma-cell malignancies. While they represent a major clinical improvement, they are still limited in terms of efficacy by e.g. single, sometimes low-expressed antigen targeting, and in terms of safety by e.g., lack of on-off activity. Successful cell-of-origin non-discriminative targeting of heterogeneous hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell malignancies, such as acute myeloid leukemia (AML), will require antigen-versatile targeting and off-switching of effectors in order to then allow rescue by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), preventing permanent myeloablation. To address this, we developed adaptor-CAR (AdFITC-CAR) T-cells targeting fluoresceinated AML antigen-binding diabody adaptors. This platform enables the use of adaptors matching the AML-antigen-expression profile and conditional activity modulation. Combining adaptors significantly improved lysis of AML cells in vitro. In therapeutic xenogeneic mouse models, AdFITC-CAR T-cells co-administered with single diabody adaptors were as efficient as direct CAR T-cells, and combinatorial use of adaptors further enhanced therapeutic efficacy against both, cell lines and primary AML. Collectively, this study provides proof-of-concept that AdFITC-CAR T-cells and combinations of adaptors can efficiently enhance immune-targeting of AML.
Quality control of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging segmentation, feature tracking, aortic flow and native T1 analysis using automated batch processing in the UK Biobank Study
Authors: Sucharitha Chadalavada, Elisa Rauseo, Ahmed Salih, Hafiz Naderi, Mohammed Khanji, Jose D Vargas, Aaron M Lee, Alborz Amir-Kalili, Lisette Lockhart, Ben Graham, Mihaela Chirvasa, Kenneth Fung, Jose Paiva, Mihir M Sanghvi, Gregory G Slabaugh, Magnus T Jensen, Nay Aung, Steffen E Petersen
Journal:  (2024)

Abstract Aims Automated algorithms are regularly used to analyse cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) images. Validating data output reliability from this method is crucial for enabling widespread adoption. We outline a visual quality control (VQC) process for image analysis using automated batch processing. We assess the performance of automated analysis and the reliability of replacing visual checks with statistical outlier (SO) removal approach in UK Biobank CMR scans. Methods and results We included 1987 CMR scans from the UK Biobank COVID-19 imaging study. We used batch processing software (Circle Cardiovascular Imaging Inc.—CVI42) to automatically extract chamber volumetric data, strain, native T1, and aortic flow data. The automated analysis outputs (∼62 000 videos and 2000 images) were visually checked by six experienced clinicians using a standardized approach and a custom-built R Shiny app. Inter-observer variability was assessed. Data from scans passing VQC were compared with a SO removal QC method in a subset of healthy individuals (n = 1069). Automated segmentation was highly rated, with over 95% of scans passing VQC. Overall inter-observer agreement was very good (Gwet’s AC2 0.91; 95% confidence interval 0.84, 0.94). No difference in overall data derived from VQC or SO removal in healthy individuals was observed. Conclusion Automated image analysis using CVI42 prototypes for UK Biobank CMR scans demonstrated high quality. Larger UK Biobank data sets analysed using these automated algorithms do not require in-depth VQC. SO removal is sufficient as a QC measure, with operator discretion for visual checks based on population or research objectives.
Correction: Impact of long-term transmural plastic stents on recurrence after endoscopic treatment of walled-off pancreatic necrosis
Authors: Rogier P. Voermans, Pieter Jan F. de Jonge, David M de Jong, Pauline M. C. Stassen, Ivo G. Schoots, Robert C. Verdonk, Marco J. Bruno
Journal: Endoscopy (2024)
Comparative effects of drug interventions for the acute management of migraine episodes in adults: systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: William K Karlsson, Edoardo G Ostinelli, Zixuan A Zhuang, Lili Kokoti, Rune H Christensen, Haidar M Al-Khazali, Christina I Deligianni, Anneka Tomlinson, Håkan Ashina, Elena Ruiz de la Torre, Hans-Christoph Diener, Andrea Cipriani, Messoud Ashina
Journal: BMJ (2024)

To compare all licensed drug interventions as oral monotherapy for the acute treatment of migraine episodes in adults.
Myocardial Blood Flow Quantification Using Stress Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Improves Detection of Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Shuo Wang, Paul Kim, Haonan Wang, Ming-Yen Ng, Andrew E Arai, Amita Singh, Saima Mushtaq, Tsun Hei Sin, Yuko Tada, Elizabeth Hillier, Ruyun Jin, Christian Østergaard Mariager, Michael Salerno, Gianluca Pontone, Javier Urmeneta Ulloa, Ibrahim M Saeed, Hena Patel, Victor Goh, Simon Madsen, Won Yong Kim, Mayil Singram Krishnam, Vicente Martínez de Vega, Alicia M Maceira, Jose V Monmeneu, Aju P Pazhenkottil, Alborz Amir-Khalili, Mitchel Benovoy, Silke Friedrich, Martin A Janich, Matthias G Friedrich, Amit R Patel
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2024)
High-Gradient Aortic Stenosis With Valve Area &gt;1.0 cm2
Authors: Saki Ito, Jae K Oh, Hector I Michelena, Alexander C Egbe, Heidi M Connolly, Patricia A Pellikka, Vuyisile T Nkomo, Bradley R Lewis, William R Miranda
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2024)
Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided coil embolization and cyanoacrylate injection versus cyanoacrylate injection alone for gastric varices: a randomized comparative study
Authors: Ashok Jhajharia, Sumit Yadav, Shashank Singh, Prachis Ashdhir, Sandeep Nijhawan
Journal: Endoscopy (2024)

Bleeding from gastric varices is life-threatening, with significant rebleeding risk despite standard cyanoacrylate glue injection therapy. Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS)-guided coil embolization with cyanoacrylate injection (Coil+CYA) compared with EUS-guided cyanoacrylate injection alone (CYA) for the treatment of gastric varices.
Deep Learning Model of Diastolic Dysfunction Risk Stratifies the Progression of Early-Stage Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Márton Tokodi, Rohan Shah, Ankush Jamthikar, Neil Craig, Yasmin Hamirani, Grace Casaclang-Verzosa, Rebecca T Hahn, Marc R Dweck, Philippe Pibarot, Naveena Yanamala, Partho P Sengupta
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2024)
FDG PET/CT Findings of Rapidly Progressive Interstitial Lung Disease in a Patient With Anti-MDA5 Dermatomyositis
Authors: Jun Zhang, Aisheng Dong
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

Anti-MDA5 dermatomyositis is associated with an increased risk of developing rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease with a high mortality. We describe FDG PET/CT findings in a case of rapidly progressive noninfectious interstitial lung disease associated with anti-MDA5 dermatomyositis. The lung disease showed bilateral diffuse ground-glass opacities with diffuse heterogeneous FDG activity predominantly in middle and lower zones, mimicking infectious pneumonia. Familiarity with the imaging features of this rapidly progressive noninfectious interstitial lung disease can help to suggest the diagnosis and guide appropriate management.
Axatilimab in Recurrent or Refractory Chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease
Authors: Daniel Wolff, Corey Cutler, Stephanie J. Lee, Iskra Pusic, Henrique Bittencourt, Jennifer White, Mehdi Hamadani, Sally Arai, Amandeep Salhotra, Jose A. Perez-Simon, Amin Alousi, Hannah Choe, Mi Kwon, Arancha Bermúdez, Inho Kim, Gerard Socié, Saurabh Chhabra, Vedran Radojcic, Timothy O’Toole, Chuan Tian, Peter Ordentlich, Zachariah DeFilipp, Carrie L. Kitko
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2024)

Colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R)-dependent monocytes and macrophages are key mediators of chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), a major long-term complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation. The CSF1R-blocking antibody axatilimab has shown promising clinical activity in chronic GVHD.
Pomalidomide for Epistaxis in Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia
Authors: Hanny Al-Samkari, Raj S. Kasthuri, Vivek N. Iyer, Allyson M. Pishko, Jake E. Decker, Clifford R. Weiss, Kevin J. Whitehead, Miles B. Conrad, Marc S. Zumberg, Jenny Y. Zhou, Joseph Parambil, Derek Marsh, Marianne Clancy, Lauren Bradley, Lisa Wisniewski, Benjamin A. Carper, Sonia M. Thomas, Keith R. McCrae
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2024)

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is characterized by extensive telangiectasias and arteriovenous malformations. The primary clinical manifestation is epistaxis that results in iron-deficiency anemia and reduced health-related quality of life.
Newborn Screening and Presymptomatic Treatment of Metachromatic Leukodystrophy
Authors: Lucia Laugwitz, Thomas P. Mechtler, Nils Janzen, Petra Oliva, Andrea-Romana Kasper, Charlotte E. Teunissen, Friederike Bürger, Joachim Janda, Michaela Döring, Marcus Weitz, Peter Lang, Pascal Martin, Stefanie Beck-Woedl, Charlotte Chanson, Mirko M. Essing, Andrew Shenker, Tobias B. Haack, Johannes H. Schulte, Hendrik Rosewich, Berthold Streubel, David C. Kasper, Samuel Groeschel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2024)
Measurable Residual Disease by Mass Spectrometry and Next-Generation Flow to Assess Treatment Response in Myeloma
Authors: Noemi Puig, Cristina Agullo Roca, Teresa Contreras Sanfeliciano, M Teresa Cedena, Joaquín Martínez-López, Albert Oriol, María-Jesús Blanchard, Rafael Ríos-Tamayo, Belén Iñigo Rodríguez, Anna Sureda, Sunil Lakhwani, Javier de la Rubia Comos, Veronica Gonzalez-Calle, Valentín Cabañas, Luis Palomera, José María M Moraleda, Joan Bargay, Sergio Castro, Laura Rosiñol, Joan Bladé, Jesús F. San-Miguel, Juan-Jose Lahuerta, Bruno Paiva, Maria-Victoria Mateos
Journal: Blood (2024)
Inhibition of JNK Signaling Overcomes Cancer-Associated Fibroblast-Mediated Immunosuppression and Enhances the Efficacy of Immunotherapy in Bladder Cancer
Authors: Chengying Cui, Haojie Zhang, Congcong Yang, Mingwei Yin, Xinkun Teng, Miaomiao Yang, Dejie Kong, Jinzhi Zhang, Weidong Peng, Zhimin Chu, Jingjing Wang, Yating Sun, Liping Kang, Bin Lyu, Qian Gao, Mingqing Wu, Yongqiang Wang, Yang Li
Journal: Cancer Research (2024)

Currently, only 20-40% of cancer patients benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors. Understanding the mechanisms underlying the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and characterizing dynamic changes in the immunological landscape during treatment are critical for improving responsiveness to immunotherapy. Here, we identified JNK signaling in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) as a regulator of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Single-cell RNA sequencing of bladder cancer treated with a JNK inhibitor revealed enhanced cytotoxicity and effector functions of CD8+ T cells. In untreated tumors, CAFs interacted frequently with CD8+ T cells and mediated their exhaustion. JNK inhibition abrogated the immunosuppression function of CAFs by downregulating the expression of TSLP, thereby restoring CD8+ T cell cytotoxicity. In addition, blockade of CAF-derived TSLP in combination with anti-PD1 treatment promoted tumor elimination by CD8+ T cells in vivo. Collectively, these results indicate that JNK signaling plays an important immunosuppressive role in the tumor microenvironment by promoting expression of TSLP in CAFs and suggest that inhibiting JNK signaling could be a promising immunotherapeutic strategy for cancer treatment.
A deep intronic splice–altering <i>AIRE</i> variant causes APECED syndrome through antisense oligonucleotide-targetable pseudoexon inclusion
Authors: Sebastian Ochoa, Amy P. Hsu, Andrew J. Oler, Dhaneshwar Kumar, Daniel Chauss, Jan Piet van Hamburg, Gustaaf G. van Laar, Vasileios Oikonomou, Sundar Ganesan, Elise M. N. Ferré, Monica M. Schmitt, Tom DiMaggio, Princess Barber, Gregory M. Constantine, Lindsey B. Rosen, Paul G. Auwaerter, Bhumika Gandhi, Jennifer L. Miller, Rachel Eisenberg, Arye Rubinstein, Edith Schussler, Erjola Balliu, Vandana Shashi, Olaf Neth, Peter Olbrich, Kim My Le, Nanni Mamia, Saila Laakso, Pasi I. Nevalainen, Juha Grönholm, Mikko R. J. Seppänen, Louis Boon, Gulbu Uzel, Luis M. Franco, Theo Heller, Karen K. Winer, Rajarshi Ghosh, Bryce A. Seifert, Magdalena Walkiewicz, Luigi D. Notarangelo, Qing Zhou, Ivona Askentijevich, William Gahl, Cliffton L. Dalgard, Lalith Perera, Behdad Afzali, Sander W. Tas, Steven M. Holland, Michail S. Lionakis
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2024)

Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) is a life-threatening monogenic autoimmune disorder primarily caused by biallelic deleterious variants in the autoimmune regulator (
Deep humoral profiling coupled to interpretable machine learning unveils diagnostic markers and pathophysiology of schistosomiasis
Authors: Anushka Saha, Trirupa Chakraborty, Javad Rahimikollu, Hanxi Xiao, Lorena B. Pereira de Oliveira, Timothy W. Hand, Sukwan Handali, W. Evan Secor, Lucia A. O. Fraga, Jessica K. Fairley, Jishnu Das, Aniruddh Sarkar
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2024)

Schistosomiasis, a highly prevalent parasitic disease, affects more than 200 million people worldwide. Current diagnostics based on parasite egg detection in stool detect infection only at a late stage, and current antibody-based tests cannot distinguish past from current infection. Here, we developed and used a multiplexed antibody profiling platform to obtain a comprehensive repertoire of antihelminth humoral profiles including isotype, subclass, Fc receptor (FcR) binding, and glycosylation profiles of antigen-specific antibodies. Using Essential Regression (ER) and SLIDE, interpretable machine learning methods, we identified latent factors (context-specific groups) that move beyond biomarkers and provide insights into the pathophysiology of different stages of schistosome infection. By comparing profiles of infected and healthy individuals, we identified modules with unique humoral signatures of active disease, including hallmark signatures of parasitic infection such as elevated immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4). However, we also captured previously uncharacterized humoral responses including elevated FcR binding and specific antibody glycoforms in patients with active infection, helping distinguish them from those without active infection but with equivalent antibody titers. This signature was validated in an independent cohort. Our approach also uncovered two distinct endotypes, nonpatent infection and prior infection, in those who were not actively infected. Higher amounts of IgG1 and FcR1/FcR3A binding were also found to be likely protective of the transition from nonpatent to active infection. Overall, we unveiled markers for antibody-based diagnostics and latent factors underlying the pathogenesis of schistosome infection. Our results suggest that selective antigen targeting could be useful in early detection, thus controlling infection severity.
Preschool-age children maintain a distinct memory CD4 <sup>+</sup> T cell and memory B cell response after SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Benoît Manfroi, Bui Thi Cuc, Aurélien Sokal, Alexis Vandenberghe, Sarah Temmam, Mikaël Attia, Mohamed El Behi, Francesco Camaglia, Ngan Thu Nguyen, Jelka Pohar, Layale Salem-Wehbe, Valentine Pottez-Jouatte, Sibyline Borzakian, Narcisse Elenga, Caroline Galeotti, Guillaume Morelle, Camille de truchis de Lays, Michaela Semeraro, Anne-Sophie Romain, Mélodie Aubart, Naim Ouldali, Florence Mahuteau-Betzer, Claire Beauvineau, Elsa Amouyal, Romain Berthaud, Célia Crétolle, Marc Duval Arnould, Albert Faye, Mathie Lorrot, Grégoire Benoist, Nelly Briand, Marie Courbebaisse, Roland Martin, Peter Van Endert, Jean-Sébastien Hulot, Anne Blanchard, Eric Tartour, Maria Leite-de-Moraes, Guillaume Lezmi, Mickael Ménager, Marine Luka, Claude-Agnès Reynaud, Jean-Claude Weill, Laetitia Languille, Marc Michel, Pascal Chappert, Thierry Mora, Aleksandra M. Walczak, Marc Eloit, Petra Bacher, Alexander Scheffold, Matthieu Mahévas, Isabelle Sermet-Gaudelus, Simon Fillatreau
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2024)

The development of the human immune system lasts for several years after birth. The impact of this maturation phase on the quality of adaptive immunity and the acquisition of immunological memory after infection at a young age remains incompletely defined. Here, using an antigen-reactive T cell (ARTE) assay and multidimensional flow cytometry, we profiled circulating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-reactive CD3
Perfusion imaging metrics after acute traumatic spinal cord injury are associated with injury severity in rats and humans
Authors: Zin Z. Khaing, Jannik Leyendecker, Jennifer N. Harmon, Sananthan Sivakanthan, Lindsay N. Cates, Jeffrey E. Hyde, Melissa Krueger, Robb W. Glenny, Matthew Bruce, Christoph P. Hofstetter
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2024)

Traumatic spinal cord injury (tSCI) causes an immediate loss of neurological function, and the prediction of recovery is difficult in the acute phase. In this study, we used contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging to quantify intraspinal vascular disruption acutely after tSCI. In a rodent thoracic tSCI model, contrast-enhanced ultrasound revealed a perfusion area deficit that was positively correlated with injury severity and negatively correlated with hindlimb locomotor function at 8 weeks after injury. The spinal perfusion index was calculated by normalizing the contrast inflow at the injury center to the contrast inflow in the injury periphery. The spinal perfusion index decreased with increasing injury severity and positively correlated with hindlimb locomotor function at 8 weeks after injury. The feasibility of intraoperative contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging was further tested in a cohort of 27 patients with acute tSCI of varying severity and including both motor-complete and motor-incomplete tSCIs. Both the perfusion area deficit and spinal perfusion index were different between motor-complete and motor-incomplete patients. Moreover, the perfusion area deficit and spinal perfusion index correlated with the injury severity at intake and exhibited a correlation with extent of functional recovery at 6 months. Our data suggest that intraoperative contrast-enhanced, ultrasound-derived metrics are correlated with injury severity and chronic functional outcome after tSCI. Larger clinical studies are required to better assess the reliability of the proposed contrast-enhanced ultrasound biomarkers and their prognostic capacity.