tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Clinician and Patient Perspectives on the Exchange of Sensitive Social Determinants of Health Information
Authors: Catherine M. DesRoches, Deborah Wachenheim, Annalays Garcia, Kendall Harcourt, JaWanna Henry, Ria Shah, Vaishali Patel
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

Importance Social determinant of health (SDOH) data are essential to individualized care and reducing health disparities. However, there is little standardization in the way that SDOH data are collected, and barriers to increasing the collection of such data exist at both the patient and clinician levels. Objective To evaluate clinician, patient, and care partner perspectives on the barriers to and facilitators of patients sharing SDOH information with their clinicians. Design, Setting, and Participants This qualitative study included clinicians, patients, and care partners across the United States. Focus groups were conducted between September 2022 and February 2023 to understand the experience of collecting, documenting, and exchanging SDOH data. Main Outcomes and Measures Rapid assessment procedures were used to analyze focus group transcripts, creating summaries, codes, and themes mapped directly to the project research questions. Results A total of 235 individuals participated, including 109 (46.4%) clinicians (60 [55.0%] male; 25 [22.9%] Asian, 2 [1.8%] Black, and 74 [67.9%] White) and 126 (53.6%) patients and care partners (45 [35.7%] male; 1 [0.8%] Asian, 48 [38.1%] Black, and 64 [50.8%] White). Clinicians and patients agreed that SDOH data are important for clinicians to know. Both clinicians and patients wanted a structured, standardized way to collect SDOH data in the future, accompanied by time for more in-depth discussion during the visit. However, they highlighted numerous issues that impact collecting these data, including beliefs about how the information will be used, the clinician-patient relationship, having enough of the right staff, time needed to collect SDOH information, and technology used to collect the data (eg, usability, standardization). Conclusions and Relevance This qualitative study of the experience of collecting, documenting, and exchanging SDOH data underscores the ongoing barriers to widespread adoption of uniform approaches to SDOH data documentation as well as factors that may help lower those barriers, such as trusting patient-clinician relationships, greater transparency in how the data will be used, and targeted resources. A multifaceted approach to addressing the concerns raised by clinicians, patients, and care partners is required to ensure that such data can be captured in a way that improves care and allows for progress toward an equitable health care system.
Metastatic Lung Adenocarcinoma Presenting Within Struma Ovarii
Authors: Lee So Maeng, Ah Young Shin, Eun Kyoung Choi, Jin Kyoung Oh, Yong-An Chung
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

Abstract Tumor-to-tumor metastasis is extremely rare. We herein describe a 67-year-old woman who underwent FDG PET/CT for initial staging of lung cancer. This imaging examination revealed a pelvic mass with peripheral FDG uptake, suggesting a metastatic tumor from lung cancer or a secondary malignancy. Examination of a surgical specimen confirmed metastatic lung adenocarcinoma within a struma ovarii, suggesting tumor-to-tumor metastasis.
Retroperitoneal Malakoplakia Mimicking Metastatic Disease
Authors: Dylan Dominguez, Joshua Eichhorn, Fathima Fijula Palot Manzil
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

Abstract Malakoplakia is a rare inflammatory granulomatous disease that can produce a tumor-like appearance in nearly any organ system. Imaging findings of malakoplakia overlap with malignancy and tissue sampling are typically required for definitive diagnosis. We present a case of a 66-year-old woman with a previous history of liver adenocarcinoma status post resection that subsequently developed an intensely FDG-avid retroperitoneal mass on surveillance imaging. CT-guided biopsy of the mass demonstrated Michaelis-Gutmann bodies, supporting the diagnosis of malakoplakia. The patient underwent antibiotic treatment with complete resolution of the mass.
Beyond Childhood
Authors: Elizabeth A.K. Hunt, Deborah R. Stein
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2024)

1Department of Pediatrics, University of Vermont Children's Hospital, The University of Vermont Robert Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont 2Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts Correspondence: Dr. Deborah R. Stein, email: [email protected] See related article, "Long-Term Kidney Outcomes in Children with Posterior Urethral Valves: A Population-Based Cohort Study," on pages 1715–1725.
Sectorial Hypermetabolic Pseudolesion in the Liver on FDG PET/CT Caused by SVC Obstruction
Authors: Eunjung Kong, Sung Hoon Kim
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

Abstract Hepatic pseudolesions are relatively frequent in contrast-enhanced CT or MR images, attributable to the unique intrahepatic hemodynamics. It is also well documented that focal liver uptake can result from unusual collateral circulation on radionuclide liver scans. This report presents a case of sectorial hepatic hypermetabolism identified via FDG PET/CT, correlating with areas of increased attenuation in the liver observed on contrast-enhanced chest CT in a patient with lung cancer complicated by superior vena cava obstruction. Notably, the nonphysiological hypermetabolic activity was resolved on subsequent FDG PET/CT imaging conducted 2 days later, following alteration of the tracer injection route.
“Mini Brain” Appearance in Spinal Metastasis From Type A Thymoma Detected by 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Youwen Dong
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

Abstract A 66-year-old man presented with persistent dull pain in the lower back for over 7 months. An expansile lytic lesion in the L4 vertebral body showed a characteristic “mini brain” appearance on MRI, which is highly suggestive of plasmacytoma. 18 F-FDG PET/CT scan revealed increased FDG uptake in the L4 lesion, with an additional finding of a mass in the anterior mediastinum that showed mild FDG uptake. Lumbar surgery and complete resection of the anterior mediastinum tumor confirmed spinal metastatic type A thymoma, which was classified as p-T1aN0M1b, stage IVb. The patient’s condition improved postsurgery and chemotherapy, with long-term follow-up necessary due to recurrence risk.
18F-FDG PET/CT in the Evaluation of Polyarteritis Nodosa
Authors: Parker J. Brown, Steve Huang, Felipe Martinez
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

Abstract A 61-year-old man with a medical history of human immunodeficiency virus well controlled on antiretroviral therapy presented for distal sensorimotor symptoms, fatigue, and recurrent fevers. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein were both elevated. Antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody and antinuclear antibodies were negative. Neurologic imaging workup was unremarkable. 18 F-FDG PET/CT, which was crucial for diagnosis, demonstrated pathological tracer activity throughout the medium-sized vessels with sparing of the aorta. In view of presentation, comorbidities, and imaging findings, polyarteritis nodosa was diagnosed. The patient was treated appropriately with steroids and cyclophosphamide with significant symptomatic improvement.
After 30 Years of Remission, Recurrence With Renal Cell Carcinoma Metastasis Mimicking Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor on 18F-FDG and 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT
Authors: Nur Aydinbelge Dizdar, Aysenur Erdem Karaoglu, Ozlem Ozmen, Ozge Kaya
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

Abstract A 75-year-old man with a previous history of left nephrectomy for clear cell renal cell carcinoma in remission was underwent 68 Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT imaging for evaluation of pancreatic body lesion. It showed a mass with intense 68 Ga-DOTATATE uptake in the pancreatic corpus. During the follow-up of the patient who did not want to undergo surgery, 18 F-FDG PET/CT scan was performed due to the increase in the size of the mass, and mild FDG uptake was detected in the pancreatic corpus lesion, and histopathological examination was confirmed as renal cell carcinoma metastasis.
Metastatic Mucinous Adenocarcinoma of Unknown Origin Showing 68Ga-DOTATATE Uptake
Authors: Nuh Filizoglu, Salih Ozguven, Fuat Dede, Halil Turgut Turoglu, Tanju Yusuf Erdil
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

Although the use of 18 F-FDG PET/CT is well established in the evaluation of adenocarcinoma, the performance of 18 F-FDG PET/CT in mucinous adenocarcinoma is not consistent. 68 Ga-DOTATATE uptake can be observed in some non-neuroendocrine tumors as a result of tumor blood flow and somatostatin receptor expression at different levels. For this reason, 68 Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT may have a prospective role in the evaluation of mucinous adenocarcinoma. However, there is no published case of mucinous adenocarcinoma with 68 Ga-DOTATATE uptake. We present a unique case of metastatic mucinous adenocarcinoma of unknown origin on 68 Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT.
Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza Hospitalizations During Pregnancy or the Early Postpartum Period — Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China, 2018–2023
Authors: Jinghui Sun, Yuanyuan Zhang, Suizan Zhou, Ying Song, Suping Zhang, Jie Zhu, Zhiyuan Zhu, Rui Wang, Hong Chen, Liling Chen, Haibing Yang, Jun Zhang, Eduardo Azziz-Baumgartner, W. William Schluter
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2024)

Pregnancy is associated with increased risk for severe illness and complications associated with influenza infection. Insufficient knowledge about the risk for influenza among pregnant women and their health care providers in China is an important barrier to increasing influenza vaccination coverage and treating influenza and its complications among pregnant women. Improved influenza incidence estimates might promote wider vaccine acceptance and higher vaccination coverage. In Suzhou, active population-based surveillance during October 2018-September 2023 estimated that the annual rate of hospitalization for acute respiratory or febrile illness (ARFI) among women who were pregnant or <2 weeks postpartum was 11.1 per 1,000 live births; the annual rate of laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated ARFI (influenza ARFI) hospitalization in this group was 2.1 per 1,000 live births. A majority of hospitalized pregnant or early postpartum patients with ARFI (82.6%; 2,588 of 3,133) or influenza ARFI (85.5%; 423 of 495) were admitted to obstetrics wards rather than respiratory medicine wards. Only one (0.03%) pregnant or postpartum ARFI patient had received influenza vaccination, and 31.3% of pregnant or postpartum women hospitalized for influenza ARFI received antiviral treatment; the lowest percentage of hospitalized women with influenza ARFI who received antiviral treatment was among women admitted to obstetrics and gynecology wards (29.6% and 23.1%, respectively), compared with 54.1% of those admitted to a respiratory medicine ward. These findings highlight the risk for influenza and its associated complications among pregnant and postpartum women, the low rates of influenza vaccination among pregnant women, and of antiviral treatment of women with ARFI admitted to obstetrics and gynecology wards. Increasing awareness of the prevalence of influenza ARFI among pregnant women, the use of empiric antiviral treatment for ARFI, and the infection control in obstetrics wards during influenza seasons might help reduce influenza-associated morbidity among pregnant and postpartum women.
American College of Nuclear Medicine (ACNM) 2024 ACNM Annual Meeting Abstracts February 1–3, 2024 Orlando, FL
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

Each year, more than 500 attendees gather at the SNMMI Mid-Winter and ACNM Annual Meeting to collaborate with experts in the field, enhance their skills, and apply their newfound knowledge at their clinics. Each year, young professionals (in training or within 10 years of graduation) are encouraged to submit original clinical or scientific abstracts for the chance to present their research at the ACNM Annual Meeting as a poster or oral presentation. The accepted abstracts are published in Clinical Nuclear Medicine (CNM). These are the abstracts from the 2024 SNMMI Mid-Winter and ACNM Annual Meeting, which was held February 1-3, 2024, in Orlando, Florida (see Supplemental Abstracts, http://links.lww.com/CNM/A504).
99mTc-PYP Uptake in an Insulin Ball
Authors: Koji Takahashi, Daisuke Sasaki, Nobuhisa Yamamura, Katsuji Inoue, Takafumi Okura
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

Abstract Long-term subcutaneous insulin injection causes histopathological changes, such as insulin amyloidosis resulting in poor glycemic control, at the insulin injection site. Insulin amyloidosis often leads to the formation of a nodule called the “insulin ball.” An insulin ball has not yet been documented on 99m Tc-PYP scintigraphy. Hereby, we describe the case of a 74-year-old man with insulin-requiring diabetes who developed heart failure with preserved ejection fraction due to new-onset atrial fibrillation. 99m Tc-PYP scintigraphy for cardiac amyloidosis screening showed no tracer uptake in the myocardium but did show uptake in the insulin ball suspected by CT and MRI scans.
Paraneoplastic Proliferative Myositis on 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Ritwik Wakankar, Jaspriya Bal, Pankaj Dougall
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

We present a rare and never-before-reported case of paraneoplastic proliferative myositis that was incidentally detected in a 42-year-old man who had been receiving systemic cytotoxic chemotherapy for classic Hodgkin lymphoma. We highlight his 18F-FDG PET/CT findings and its utility in helping to diagnose this condition, avoiding unnecessary surgical resection and the added costs associated with it.
Detection of Small Brain Metastases by 18F-Thretide PET/CT in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Xin Cheng, Guozhu Hou, Rong Zheng, Jingjing Zhang, Xuejuan Wang
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

A 46-year-old woman with a history of radical nephrectomy for clear cell renal cell carcinoma underwent 18F-FDG and 18F-Thretid (also known as Al18F-PSMA-BCH) PET/CT. Although the 18F-FDG PET/CT failed to detect any brain metastases, the 18F-Thretide PET/CT revealed 2 small metastases: one measuring 1.0 × 0.7 cm in the right cerebellum and the other measuring 0.4 cm in the right frontal lobe. These metastatic lesions were subsequently confirmed by brain MRI.
Hepatic Recurrence of Neuroendocrine Tumor Component in Gallbladder Cancer
Authors: Tatsuki Ikejiri, Tomoaki Yoh, Yosuke Kasai, Kazuyuki Nagai, Etsuro Hatano
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

A 60-year-old man underwent an extended cholecystectomy with regional lymphadenectomy for T2N0M0 gallbladder cancer (GBC), which showed significant FDG uptake (SUVmax = 6.5). However, CT scan at 24 months postsurgery revealed multiple hepatic masses. Unlike the primary GBC, the hepatic masses showed limited FDG uptake (SUVmax = 3.7). A tumor biopsy revealed the diagnosis of a grade 3 neuroendocrine tumor. Furthermore, the hepatic masses showed significant uptake on somatostatin receptor scintigraphy. Upon reevaluation, the primary resected specimen was found to include approximately 10% of neuroendocrine tumor components. This case suggests that different FDG uptake between primary and metastatic cancer may necessitate differential diagnosis.
Cutaneous and Subcutaneous Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen–Avid Lesions
Authors: Zahra Rafiei, Amin Saber Tanha, Naser Tayyebi Meibodi, Siavash Zahed Anaraki, Emran Askari
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

We report the case of a 62-year-old man with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer with subcutaneous involvement being treated with 177Lu-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA). Before treatment, he was diagnosed with 2 subcutaneous nodules in the chest wall and soft tissue edema in the pubic and inguinal regions showing PSMA avidity. Biopsy and immunohistochemistry assessment confirmed cutaneous metastases from prostate cancer. He received 3 cycles of 177Lu-PSMA, resulting in a decline in PSA levels and resolution of symptoms. This case underscores the challenging diagnosis of cutaneous metastasis from prostate cancer, especially in atypical presentations. We also reviewed all causes of PSMA-avid lesions in the skin and subcutaneous tissues.
Effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, and positive externalities of integrated chronic care for adults with major depressive disorder in Malawi (IC3D): a stepped-wedge, cluster-randomised, controlled trial
Authors: Ryan K McBain, Owen Mwale, Kondwani Mpinga, Myrrah Kamwiyo, Waste Kayira, Todd Ruderman, Emilia Connolly, Samuel I Watson, Emily B Wroe, Fabien Munyaneza, Luckson Dullie, Giuseppe Raviola, Stephanie L Smith, Kazione Kulisewa, Michael Udedi, Vikram Patel, Glenn J Wagner
Journal: The Lancet (2024)
Benchmarking and building DNA binding affinity models using allele-specific and allele-agnostic transcription factor binding data
Authors: Xiaoting Li, Lucas A. N. Melo, Harmen J. Bussemaker
Journal: Genome biology (2024)

Transcription factors (TFs) bind to DNA in a highly sequence-specific manner. This specificity manifests itself in vivo as differences in TF occupancy between the two alleles at heterozygous loci. Genome-scale assays such as ChIP-seq currently are limited in their power to detect allele-specific binding (ASB) both in terms of read coverage and representation of individual variants in the cell lines used. This makes prediction of allelic differences in TF binding from sequence alone desirable, provided that the reliability of such predictions can be quantitatively assessed.
Post-transplant cyclophosphamide separates graft-versus host disease and graft versus leukemia effects after HLA-matched stem-cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Avichai Shimoni, Christophe Peczynski, Myriam Labopin, Alexander Kulagin, Ellen Meijer, Jan Cornelissen, Goda Choi, Jaime Sanz, Montserrat Rovira, Gwendolyn Van Gorkom, Nicolaus Kröger, Yener Koc, Jan Vydra, J. L. Diez-Martin, Carlos Solano, Amit Patel, Patrizia Chiusolo, Fabio Ciceri, Arnon Nagler, Mohamad Mohty
Journal: Leukemia (2024)

Abstract The association of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effects after allogeneic stem-cell transplantation (SCT) is well-established but was not confirmed in the modern era and following post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy). We assessed GVHD/ GVL association in AML patients following HLA-matched SCT with standard calcineurin-based ( n = 12,653, 57% with additional in-vivo T-cell depletion) or PTCy-based ( n = 508) GVHD prophylaxis. Following standard prophylaxis, acute GVHD grade II-IV and III-IV, chronic GVHD, and extensive chronic GVHD rates were 23.8%, 7.5%, 37.0%, and 16.3%, respectively. Acute GVHD grade II and III-IV were associated with lower relapse [hazard-ratio (HR) 0.85, P = 0.002; HR 0.76, P = 0.003, respectively)], higher non-relapse mortality (NRM) (HR 1.5, P &lt; 0.001; HR 6.21, P &lt; 0.001) and lower overall survival (OS) (HR 1.49, P &lt; 0.001; HR 6.1, P &lt; 0.001). Extensive chronic GVHD predicted lower relapse (HR 0.69, P &lt; 0.001), higher NRM (HR 2.83, P &lt; 0.001), and lower OS (HR 2.74, P &lt; 0.001). Following PTCy, GVHD rates were 22.8%, 6.2%, 35.5%, and 17.7%, respectively. Acute GVHD was not associated with relapse (HR 1.37, P = 0.15) but predicted higher NRM (HR 3.34, P &lt; 0.001) and lower OS (HR 1.92, P = 0.001). Chronic GVHD was not prognostic for these outcomes. In conclusion, GVHD and GVL are strongly associated with contemporary SCT. However, following PTCy, GVHD is not associated with reduced relapse.
Proteomic analysis of APOEε4 carriers implicates lipid metabolism, complement and lymphocyte signaling in cognitive resilience
Authors: Keenan A. Walker, Yang An, Abhay Moghekar, Ruin Moaddel, Michael R. Duggan, Zhongsheng Peng, Qu Tian, Luke C. Pilling, Shannon M. Drouin, Mark A. Espeland, Stephen R Rapp, Kathleen M Hayden, Aladdin H. Shadyab, Ramon Casanova, Madhav Thambisetty, Peter R. Rapp, Dimitrios Kapogiannis, Luigi Ferrucci, Susan M. Resnick
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2024)

Apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele is the strongest genetic risk factor for late onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). This case-cohort study used targeted plasma biomarkers and large-scale proteomics to examine the biological mechanisms that allow some APOEε4 carriers to maintain normal cognitive functioning in older adulthood.
Retraction Note: KDM4 orchestrates epigenomic remodeling of senescent cells and potentiates the senescence-associated secretory phenotype
Authors: Boyi Zhang, Qilai Long, Shanshan Wu, Qixia Xu, Shuling Song, Liu Han, Min Qian, Xiaohui Ren, Hanxin Liu, Jing Jiang, Jianming Guo, Xiaoling Zhang, Xing Chang, Qiang Fu, Eric W-F Lam, Judith Campisi, James L. Kirkland, Yu Sun
Journal: Nature Aging (2024)
The importance of understanding pelvic inflammatory disease as a polymicrobial infection - authors’ reply
Authors: Zoïe W Alexiou, Bernice M Hoenderboom, Christian J P A Hoebe, Nicole H T M Dukers-Muijrers, Hannelore M Götz, Marianne A B van der Sande, Henry J C de Vries, Janneke E den Hartog, Servaas A Morré, Birgit H B van Benthem
Journal: The Lancet Regional Health - Europe (2024)
Postradiotherapy Response Assessment Using 18F-FDG PET/CT in Salivary Gland Carcinoma—A Multicenter Study
Authors: Po-Yuan Chen, Nai-Ming Cheng, Chien-Yu Lin, Kai-Ping Chang, Yi-An Lu, Tsung-You Tsai, Miao-Fen Chen, Fu-Min Fang, Cheng-Lung Hsu, Rodney Cheng-En Hsieh
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

Purpose This multicenter study investigates the efficacy of 18 F-FDG PET/CT in postradiotherapy (post-RT) response evaluation in salivary gland carcinoma (SGC). Methods We retrospectively reviewed 115 SGC patients who underwent definitive or adjuvant RT followed by 18 F-FDG PET/CT between 2004 and 2021. Most tumors were parotid gland malignancies (50%). The most common histological subtypes were adenoid cystic (29%) and mucoepidermoid carcinomas (18%). Results The median follow-up was 65 months. Post-RT anatomic images (CT/MRI) revealed complete response (CR) in 51 patients (44%). Among 53 patients with partial response or stable disease, only 17 (32%) patients experienced locoregional recurrence, with a 5-year locoregional control rate of 69%. Post-RT 18 F-FDG PET/CT documented metabolic CR in 81 patients (70%). Metabolic complete responders had significantly higher 5-year locoregional control (90% vs 43%), distant metastasis–free survival (80% vs 48%), progression-free survival (76% vs 24%), and overall survival rates (89% vs 42%) compared with non–complete responders (all P &lt; 0.001), as confirmed in both univariate and multivariate analyses. It identified additional viable tumors in 18 cases (16%) and facilitated salvage local therapies in 7 patients (6%). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of post-RT 18 F-FDG PET/CT were 63%, 91%, 70%, 88%, and 84%, respectively, in predicting locoregional recurrence. 18 F-FDG PET/CT showed significantly higher sensitivity ﻿(88% vs 36%, P = 0.011) in tumors with pre-RT SUV max ≥7.39 compared with those with SUV max &lt;7.39. Conclusions Post-RT 18 F-FDG PET/CT demonstrates high negative predictive value and specificity, with metabolic CR predicting excellent outcomes. Additionally, it exhibits higher sensitivity for high-SUV max SGC, facilitating early detection of viable tumors.