Abstract 1687: Targeted degradation of MECOM in high-risk acute myeloid leukemia reveals a novel repressive function that is amenable to therapeutic small-molecule rewiring
Authors: Travis J. Fleming, Michael Gundry, Richard Voit, Mateusz Antoszewski, William J. Gibson, Ananthan Sadagopan, Vijay G. Sankaran
Journal: Cancer Research (2024)

Abstract Hematopoiesis relies on an intricate balance between stem-cell self-renewal and terminal maturation of blood cells. Disrupting this balance can lead to the development of deadly blood cancers, like acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Increasing evidence suggests that acquiring hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) gene expression programs in AML confers a particularly poor prognosis and increases risk of relapse with conventional therapy. Acquisition of these features in AML is commonly driven by dysregulation of MECOM, a transcription factor and master regulator of HSC self-renewal. To define the role of MECOM in AMLs, we engineered cell-line models of high-risk AML by endogenously tagging MECOM with an FKBP12F36V degron. These models enable targeted degradation of MECOM which we employed in concert with multi-omic readouts to assess changes in nascent transcription and chromatin accessibility to identify direct transcriptional targets of MECOM. We demonstrate that MECOM degradation results in a rapid increase in chromatin accessibility at MECOM-bound sites and increased expression of cognate genes to establish a pro-differentiation gene program. These findings suggest a previously unappreciated mechanism for MECOM in repressing differentiation-promoting cis-regulatory elements (cisREs) and their cognate target genes in AML. We then employed a pooled CRISPR inhibition (CRISPRi) screen to functionally characterize the role that each cisRE plays in promoting high-risk features in AML. Utilizing CRISPRi to repress MECOM-bound cisREs in concert with dTAG-mediated MECOM degradation, we examined if repression of over 500 individual MECOM-bound cisREs is sufficient to maintain AML progenitors in the absence of MECOM. This functional dissection revealed that the individual repression of three cisREs that regulate CEBPA, GFI1B, and RUNX1 is sufficient to maintain AML progenitor cells in the absence of MECOM. This result implicates MECOM as a direct repressor of known regulators of myeloid differentiation. Given these findings, we hypothesized that small molecule-based recruitment of a transcriptional coactivator to MECOM could rewire its repressive function to activate myeloid differentiation and subsequent leukemia cell death. To test this approach, we treated a MECOM-FKBP12F36V AML degron model with the bifunctional small molecule NICE-01 (AP1867-PEG2-JQ1) to recruit an epigenetic activator (BRD4) to MECOM to functionally rewire this transcriptional network. NICE-01 treatment induced significant differentiation of AML progenitor cells relative to JQ1 treatment alone. Our work highlights the utility of targeted protein degradation to mechanistically interrogate the function of a key driver of high-risk AMLs and suggests the potential for small molecule-rewiring of stem cell gene regulatory networks to confer therapeutic benefit. Citation Format: Travis J. Fleming, Michael Gundry, Richard Voit, Mateusz Antoszewski, William J. Gibson, Ananthan Sadagopan, Vijay G. Sankaran. Targeted degradation of MECOM in high-risk acute myeloid leukemia reveals a novel repressive function that is amenable to therapeutic small-molecule rewiring [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 1687.