tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 15511: Apoptosis Repressor woth CARD is a Smooth Muscle Cell Survival Factor that Promotes Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Ari L Zaiman, Rachel L Damico, Alan T Chesley, Laura Johnston, Daniel C Files, Larissa Shimoda, Hunter C Champoin, Chang-Fu Peng, Richard N Kitsis, Michael T Crow
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Vascular remodeling is regulated by both growth-promoting and suppressing pathways. Pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) contribute to the structural remodeling of the lung vasculature seen in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). ARC (Apoptosis Repressor with Caspase Recruitment Domain) is a death repressor that we have shown to be expressed in PASMCs and to be upregulated in animal models of PAH, including chronic exposure to hypoxia (CH). Importantly, while isolated PASMCs survive exposure to CH, PASMCs made ARC-deficient by shRNA-mediated post-transcriptional gene silencing die. As a survival factor for PASMCs, we hypothesized that ARC promotes vascular remodeling and the development of CH-induced PAH. To test this, we used an intact mouse model of CH-induced PAH (3 weeks at 10% FIO 2 ) in which the gene that encodes ARC ( Nol3 ) was deleted in the germline. No significant hemodynamic differences were seen in the hemodynamic profile of wild type (WT) and knockout (KO) mice in room air (normoxia, N) (Table, column 1 vs 3). In WT mice, CH led to increased PASMC proliferation and muscularization of the pulmonary vasculature, as well as marked increases in pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), right ventricular end-systolic pressure (RVESP), mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP), and marked decreases in the contractility index (dP/dt/IP) and cardiac output (CO) (Table. column 2 vs 1). Relative to WT-CH mice, the responses of the KO mice to CH were severely attenuated. PASMC proliferation decreased (−64.2±7.6%), PASMC apoptosis increased (−45.2±6.8%), and muscularization of distal arterioles was markedly suppressed (−68±7.3%). Increases in PVR, RVESP, and mPAP were 70.6%, 44.6 % and 53.9% lower in KO-CH mice, while dP/dt/IP increased 30.6% and CO 85.7% of KO-N levels. These data show that ARC contributes to the development of CH-induced PAH in the mouse, potentially but not necessarily limited to its role as a survival factor for PASMCs.
Diode Laser Photocoagulation for Threshold Retinopathy of Prematurity
Authors: David G. Hunter, Michael X. Repka
Journal: Ophthalmology (1993)

<b>Background:</b> Although peripheral cryotherapy decreases the incidence of unfavorable anatomic outcomes in threshold retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), apnea, bradycardia, and lid edema can occur. Argon laser indirect ophthalmoscope photocoagulation has been used as an alternative to cryotherapy, with fewer adverse effects. Retinal lesions placed with diode lasers are deeper than similar argon laser lesions, and it is not known whether this difference could influence the response to ablative therapy. <b>Methods:</b> Patients were enrolled under a prospective, randomized protocol. One eye of each patient with symmetric, threshold ROP was treated with an 814/815 nm diode laser, while the other eye was treated with cryotherapy. Patients with asymmetric disease also were randomized for treatment in the threshold eye. <b>Results:</b> Nineteen infants (33 eyes) were treated, ranging from 485 to 863 g birth weight (23 to 27 weeks gestational age); 18 patients (32 eyes) were followed for 3 months or longer. Four patients (8 eyes) had bilateral zone 1 disease. Postconceptional age was 36 to 45 weeks at the time of treatment. The diode laser treatment was better tolerated than cryotherapy, and the treatment apparatus was more easily transported. Apneic episodes requiring intubation resulted from two cryotherapy sessions but no diode laser sessions. Five cryotherapy-treated eyes required retreatment because of persistent disease with adjacent skip areas. In the group followed for 3 to 15 months, 1 cryotherapy-treated eye and 1 diode laser-treated eye progressed to stage 5 retinal detachment. <b>Conclusion:</b> Compared with cryotherapy, the diode laser was more convenient, technically easier to administer, and better tolerated by the patient. Although the number of patients was too small for meaningful statistical analysis of outcome, diode laser peripheral retinal ablation appeared to be as effective as cryotherapy for the treatment of threshold ROP.
Abstract 3098: Mortality Following Ablation for Ventricular Tachycardia: Reason for Hope?
Authors: David Callans, William Sauer, Erica Zado, Sanjay Dixit, David Lin, Edward P Gerstenfeld, Joshua Cooper, Ralph Verdino, Andrea Russo, Francis E Marchlinski
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Radiofrequency catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia (VT) in the setting of advanced structural heart disease markedly reduces VT recurrence and need for defibrillator therapy. Despite this,...
Abstract 2240: When Have You Burned Enough? Transmural Atrial Ablation Lesions Can Be Identified By Higher Pacing Thresholds.
Authors: John L Sapp, Rick Livingston, Magdy N Basta, Martin J Gardner, Ratika Parkash, William G Stevenson
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Nontransmural lesions may contribute to recurrences of atrial arrhythmias after ablation, while excessive ablation may injure extracardiac structures. We hypothesized that atrial ablati...
Triplet combination of gemcitabine, paclitaxel, and carboplatin followed by maintenance 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin in patients with metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: S. S. Leong, J. Wee, S. Rajan, D. Poon, C. K. Toh, D. Lim, M. H. Tay, K. F. Foo, E. H. Tan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

5572 Background In the treatmen of metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), standard 2-drug chemotherapy gives a response rate of 60–70%, with median survival of about 12 months. We explore the possibility of improving treatment results by using a 3-drug combination, followed by maintenance treatment. Methods Patients with World Health Organization (WHO) type II or III metastatic NPC, who have not received chemotherapy for the metastatic disease, are eligible. They must be aged 18–70, have good performance status, and have adequate bone marrow, hepatic and renal functions. Treatment consists of a 3-drug combination chemotherapy of paclitaxel (70mg/m2), carboplatin (area under curve of 2.5) and gemcitabine (1000mg/m2), given on days 1 & 8 every 21days, up to a maximum of 6 cycles. Patients who have achieved partial or complete response will continue to receive weekly 5-fluorouracil (450mg/m2) and leucovorin (30mg/m2) up to a maximum of 48weeks. The primary endpoint is to assess response rate of the 3-drug combination, and secondary endpoints to evaluate toxicities and durability of response. The planned sample size is 28 patients. Results The study was started in September 2003. Twenty-four patients have been enrolled, of which 19 are males and 5 are females. The median age is 47, range 31–63. Eighteen patients are evaluable for response. One patient achieved a complete response, 15 had partial responses, giving an overall response rate of 89%. The main toxicity is marrow suppression, with 78% of patients experiencing at least one episode of grade 3 or 4 neutropenia, 28% had grade 3 or 4 thrombocytopenia, and 33% had grade 3 anemia. Conclusions This regimen is effective for metastatic NPC. It remains to be seen if this regimen with its maintenance component improves durability of response and survival. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Ruptured Ventricle
Authors: M. D. Crawford, J. N. Morris
Journal: BMJ (1960)

Spontaneous rupture of the ventricle has been recog- nized as a cause of sudden death at least since the time of Harvey, who described a case (Willis, 1847).Many papers have been written in modern times concerning its incidence and pathogenesis.Krumbhaar and Crowell (1925) published a series of 35 cases (with an analysis of over 600 from the literature), and this series was supplemented by Davenport (1928), bringing its number to 92.The whole series had more male than female cases and the majority were elderly.The authors found that rupture occurred most often on the anterior surface of the left ventricle, and they demonstrated that severe coronary artery disease with occlusion was almost invariably the underlying cause.In subsequent papers there is no agreement on the relative incidence in the two sexes, but in most there is an increase of numbers with age.Beresford and Earl (1930), describing 46 cases from the records of Tooting Bec Hospital, a large mental institution with many senile inmates, found an excess of females; they believed there was a specially high incidence among mental patients.Jetter and White (1944) also reported a high incidence of ruptured heart in a series of sudden deaths in mental patients, but they found more cases in men than in women.Friedman and White (1944) published details of 10 cases from the post-mortem records of the Massachusetts General Hospital: 7 were male and 3 female; the average age was 66 years.However, Oblath et al. (1952), in a series of 80 cases,
World Psychiatric Association asked to take up case of Chinese dissidents
Authors: F. Charatan
Journal: BMJ (2001)

The US Supreme Court has opened hearings on whether the distribution of marijuana for medicinal purposes should become legal under federal law. The case has been prompted by legalisation in California in 1996 allowing marijuana to be used for medical purposes in California.

In California, cannabis clubs (marijuana pharmacies) have sprung up to provide marijuana to those with a doctor's prescription for it. After California's initiative, eight other states— Arizona, Alaska, Oregon, Hawaii, Maine, Nevada, Colorado, and Washington—passed similar laws. An additional 30 states have similar …
Abstract 8537: Twice Daily Dosing of Aspirin Ii Biologically More Effective in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Jean-Guillaume Dillinger, Akram Drissa, Georgios Sideris, Claire Bal-Dit-Solier, Sebastian Voicu, Ludovi Drouet, Patrick Henry
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background The efficacy of aspirin in preventing cardiovascular events appears to be lower in DM patients than in general population. We have previously demonstrated a time-dependent aspirin efficacy suggesting that once daily aspirin does not provide 24h stable biological efficacy, mainly in patients with DM, inflammatory markers and active smokers. Objective: To compare biological efficacy of 150 mg/day aspirin given once daily (OPD) as compared to 150mg/day divided in 75 mg in the morning and 75 mg in the evening (BID) in a cross over study in patients with DM. Methods: A randomized monocentric prospective study with cross over is realized in 92 patients with DM and previous acute coronary syndrome with high risk of biological aspirin resistance (elevated hsCRP, elevated fibrinogen or current smoking). Blood samples are analyzed the morning just before aspirin intake in a blinded fashion. Primary endpoint is the percentage of aspirin resistant patients measured by light transmission aggregometry using arachidonic acid 0.5mg/mL (LTA-AA). PFA-100 testing, using epinephrine cartridges is also performed. Patients are considered resistant if aggregation is ≥20% with LTA-AA or if PFA-100 epinephrine closure time was ≤193 seconds. Results: Mean HbA1c is 7.4%±1.2% and 43% of patients are treated with insulin. Mean age is 64±10 y.o., 85% are male, 34% are active smokers and 52% are treated with clopidogrel. There is no difference in mean platelet count (270±78G/L), fibrinogen (3.6±1.0g/L) and hsCRP (5.5±6.9mg/L). Using LTA-AA, mean residual aggregation was 19.7±15.4% on OPD versus 11.9±10.4% on BID (p&lt;0.001). Biological aspirin resistance (residual aggregation ≥ 20%) significantly decrease from 42% on OPD to 17% on BID corresponding to a decrease of 62% (p=0.0005). Interestingly, 24 patients resistant on OPD became sensitive on BID. Inversely, only one patient resistant on BID become sensitive on BID. Based on PFA-100, 41% of patients were resistant on OPD versus 29% on BID (p=0.12). Similar results are found in patients with or without clopidogrel. Conclusions In diabetic patients with elevated inflammatory markers or active smoking, the same dose of aspirin BID is biologically more effective than OPD.
Abstract 4481: Angioscopic Comparison of Arterial Healing Following Paclitaxel- Versus Sirolimus-Eluting Stent Implantation in Patients
Authors: Masaki Awata, Shinsuke Nanto, Masaaki Uematsu, Takakazu Morozumi, Tetsuya Watanabe, Toshinari Onishi, Osamu Iida, Fusako Sera, Hitoshi Minamiguchi, Kenji Kawamoto, Masamichi Yano, Shin Okamoto, Haruyo Yasui, Nobuaki Tanaka, Takayuki Ishihara, Tomoharu Dohi, Jun-ichi Kotani, Seiki Nagata
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Several studies have shown that in-stent late loss (LL) at follow-up was greater in paclitaxel-eluting stent (PES) than in sirolimus-eluting stent (SES). We hypothesized the differences in LL are r...
Abstract 14756: Comparison of Angioscope and Optical Coherence Tomography findings for the Assessment of Intra-stent Thrombus and Neointima at 8 months After Sirolimus-Eluting Stent Implantation.
Authors: Takumi Inoue, Toshiro Shinke, Junya Shite, Hiromasa Otake, Masayuki Nakagawa, Ryoji Nagoshi, Amane Kozuki, Hirotoshi Hariki, Tsuyoshi Ohsue, Ryo Nishio, Yu Taniguchi, Noritoshi Hiranuma, Masamichi Iwasaki, Akihide Konishi
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Angioscopy has a superiority of qualitative full color visualization of neointima and thrombus, while optical coherence tomography (OCT) has an advantage for quantitative measurement. O...
Abstract 4406: Identification and Biophysical Properties of Novel Connexin40 Mutations Associated with Idiopathic Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Isabelle Thibodeau, Jun-Jie Tong, Qiuju Li, Wasif Raja, Gele Liu, Mauricio Retamal, Luis Reuss, Lisa Ebihara, Michael Gollob
Journal: Circulation (2008)
Abstract 20999: Determinants of Reaching Guideline-Recommended LDL-Cholesterol Targets in Secondary Prevention in Europe and Canada: Results of the Dyslipidemia International Study
Authors: Anselm K Gitt, Heinz Drexel, Lawrence Leiter, Kristian K Thomsen, Jean Ferrieres, Giuseppe Di Pasquale, Pedro Marques da Silva, Terje Pedersen, Jose-Ramon Gonzalez-Juanetey, Pia Lundman, David Wood, John F Kastelein
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: The majority of patients with dyslipidemia are currently treated with a statin. However, many patients do not achieve recommended lipid targets, and persistent lipid abnormalities will continue to contribute to cardiovascular risk in statin-treated patients. Methods: Between June 2008 and February 2009, 2,987 primary care physicians, cardiologists, endocrinologists and internists in 11 European countries and Canada enrolled 22,063 consecutive statin-treated outpatients into DYSIS (Dyslipidemia International Study) to assess the prevalence of dyslipidemia (lipid values were recorded when on chronic statin treatment). ESC recommendations were used to classify patient's risk and define the LDL-C goal. We examined predictors of LDL-C goal achievement in clinical practice. Results: Overall nearly half of all patients had LDL-cholesterol not at goal (48.5%). Conclusion: Patients with already known ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease or diabetes were more likely to achieve the recommended...
Abstract 3420: Potential of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Differentiate into Cardiomyocytes Depends on Donor Age and Donor Tissue
Authors: John Van Tuyn, Daniel A Pijnappels, Marlieke L Haeck, Shoshan Knaän-Shanzer, Sicco Scherjon, Marie-José Goumans, Antoine A de Vries, Arnoud van der Laarse, Martin J Schalij, Douwe E Atsma
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Treatment of damaged myocardium using autologous adult stem cells is under intense investigation as this may regenerate lost myocardium, thereby improving cardiac function. Initial cardiac cell therapy trials using various adult stem cell types have shown beneficial effects. However in contrast to earlier animal studies no true, quantitative reconstitution of myocardium has been observed. We hypothesized that the cardiomyogenic potential of stem cells depends on donor age and cell source. We used an in vitro differentiation protocol that employs co-culture of enhanced green fluorescent protein-labeled human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) with neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (nrCMCs) for 13 days, without additional chemical or mutagenic stimulation. hMSCs were either derived from adult patients, or from human fetal tissue (gestational age 18 –22 weeks) or post natally collected umbilical cord blood. Differentiation of hMSCs was assessed by the presence of a properly developed sarcomere using immunological labeling for cardiac troponin I, myosin heavy chain and actinin. Functionality of newly differentiated cardiomyocytes was assessed by the presence of a functional calcium transient in conjunction with myocyte contraction. Mesenchymal stem cells isolated from clinically relevant sources (bone marrow, fat, and synovium) of adult patients are unable to adopt a cardiomyocyte phenotype upon co-incubation with nrCMCs. In contrast, MSCs from fetal donor material all give rise to functional cardiomyocytes, although with varying efficiency (umbilical cord blood: 6.8%±3.0, bone marrow: 0.4%±1.4, liver: 1.8%±0.8, lung: 1.4%±1.3, amnion: 9.3%±5.0 [mean±SD, n=3]). Using short hairpin RNA-mediated knockdown of connexin 43 (Cx43) gene expression, we found that sarcomeric development (organization) depends on the presence of Cx43 in the differentiating stem cells. Both donor age and the tissue source of human MSCs critically influence their cardiomyogenic differentiation potential. These results suggest that these non-embryonic, fetal cells may potentially be clinically useful for cardiac cell therapy.
Prognostic value of CRP in stable coronary artery disease unclear due to a variety of biases in existing studies, therefore no clinical practice recommendations can be made
Authors: Vlado, Perkovic, Rachel, Huxley, 刘靖
Journal: BMJ (2011)

内容 心血管疾病患者进一步发生心血管事件的风险增加。在上述患者中进行危险分层，可以更为准确地确定进一步的侵入性检查（如负荷超声，血管造影）以及旨在降低后续风险但实际上有可能增加个体和（或）保健系统的风险、不便及花费的治疗措施（降压、降脂，抗栓，血管重建等），因而更优化的危险分层方法十分有意义。
Abstract 18958: Changes in Wnt-Frizzled System in Heart Failure and Associated AF Substrate
Authors: Kristin Dawson, XiaoYan Qi, Stanley Nattel
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Introduction: The wnt-frizzled (Fzd) signaling cascade, important in development, has recently been implicated in post myocardial infarction scar formation. Fzd receptors (Fzd1-6) interact with wnt ligands to produce downstream effects antagonized by the endogenous antagonist sFRP. This study examined the potential role of wnt-Fzd signaling in heart failure (HF), in which atrial-selective extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling creates a substrate for AF. Methods: HF was induced by ventricular tachypacing (VTP 240 bpm) in dogs. Time-dependent changes were studied with VTP ×12 hr, 24 hr, 1 wk or 2 wks. mRNA was measured in freshly isolated left atrial (LA) and ventricular (LV) fibroblasts (qPCR). Results: Fzd1 expression was LA selective (16.6 × LV*, P&lt;0.05) but did not change with VTP. Fzd2 increased in LA at 1 wk (15 fold***, ***P&lt;0.001) and 2 wks (13 fold***), increasing less in LV (3.7 fold* at 2 wk). Fzd3 and Fz5 did not change. Fzd4 decreased quickly in LA (12 hr, -5.3 fold**, **P&lt;0.01; 24 hr, -7.6 fold**) and then returned to control. Fzd6 increased slightly in LA at 2 wk (2.9 fold*). Agonists of the pathway, wnt3a and wnt5b, were also investigated. Wnt3a was undetectable in LA or LV fibroblasts. Wnt5b decreased in LA at 12 hr (-4.3 fold**) and 24 hr (-4.25 fold**). LV wnt5b expression decreased later and to a lesser extent: 24 hr (-1.72 fold*) and 1 wk (-1.75*). The endogenous antagonist sFRP1 was expressed selectively in LA (5.5 × LV*). LA levels fell early (-4.8 fold at 12 hr VTP**), remained decreased at 1 wk (-2.2 fold*) and returned to control at 2 wk. Treatment of LA fibroblasts with recombinant sFRP1 (2.5 µg/mL) decreased fibronectin expression (-2.4 fold***), suggesting that sFRP interaction with endogenous wnt-Fzd signaling negatively regulates fibronectin, an important ECM and fibroblast interaction regulator. Fibronectin was upregulated in VTP, with significant changes noted at 24 hrs. Collagen1-α1 was unaffected by sFRP1. Conclusions: The wnt-Fzd system is altered in HF, with the most prominent changes occurring in LA, consistent with LA-selective ECM remodeling. Downregulation of sFRP1 may contribute to rapid increases in LA fibronectin expression with VTP/HF, thereby playing an important pathophysiological role in AF-promoting ECM remodeling.
Abstract 11481: Biatrial Epicardial Neuroablation Limits Atrial Fibrillation Susceptibility in a Canine Chronic Rapid Atrial Pacing Model
Authors: Emmanuel Moss, Rene Cardinal, Yalin Yin, J Andrew Armour, Pierre Page
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Epicardial ganglionated plexuses have recently become targets of both transcatheter and surgical ablative therapy of AF. The goal of this study was to determine the effects of biatrial epicardial, rather than endocardial, neuroablation on atrial refractoriness and AF induction in a chronic canine model of rapid atrial pacing (RAP). Methods: Fifteen canines underwent bilateral minithoracotomies with thoracoscopic guidance. Electrophysiological data was recorded in all dogs at baseline and following six weeks of RAP (400 bpm). Atrial effective refractory period (ERP) and AF inducibility were measured by decremental S1 pacing in the right (RAFW) and left (LAFW) atrial free walls and appendages. The ablation group (n=8) underwent excision of the right atrial and three left atrial ganglionated plexuses using an ultrasonic scalpel, thus assuring preservation of the underlying myocardium. The identical protocol was followed in the control group (n=7) without ganglionated plexus excision. Results: Aft...
Abstract 17505: The Relationship Between Childhood Obesity, Low Socioeconomic Status, and Race/ Ethnicity
Authors: Taylor F Eagle, Qingmei Jiang, Anne Sheetz, Alan C Woodward, Robert Leibowitz, Minkyoung Song, Robert Rogers, Nicole Corriveau, Eva Kline-Rogers, Elizabeth A Jackson, Kim A Eagle
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Introduction: Previous studies have shown race/ethnicity, particularly African American and/or Hispanic status, to be a predictor of overweight/obese status in children. However, these studies have...
Human Skeletal Muscle as a Target Organ of Trichloroethylene ToxicityRESEARCH LETTER
Authors: Gaetano Vattemi, Paola Tonin, Massimiliano Filosto, Nicolò Rizzuto, Giuliano Tomelleri, Luigi Perbellini, Walter Iacovelli, Nicola Petrucci
Journal: JAMA (2005)

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