tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 11773: Liver Transplant Candidates: To Stress or Not to Stress?
Authors: Ahmed Ibrahim, Andres Schuster, M Chadi Alraies, Abraham Sonny, Jacek B Cywinski, Wael A Jaber
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: The prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with end stage liver disease (ESLD) and the incidence of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) post liver transplantation (LT) remain controversial. Current AHA/ACC guidelines recommend non-invasive stress testing (NIST) for risk stratification of LT recipients based on conventional cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF). The aim of our study was to define the role of NIST in the pre-transplant evaluation of ESLD patients. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data of 366 patients who were referred to the Cleveland Clinic LT center between the years 2006 and 2008. We collected demographic data, CVRF, NIST, left heart catheterization (LHC) results, incidence of ACS and death. Results: In our study population, the mean age was 56±8 years, 68% were males, 83% Caucasian, 34% diabetic, 36% hypertensive, 22% smokers, 17% had hyperlipidemia, 11% known CAD, and 14% had family history of premature CAD; overall, 70% of the patients had at least 3 CVRF. Mean platelet count was 104±70 k/uL, mean INR 1.4 ±0.4, total cholesterol (TC) 143±45 mg/dL and 42% were on beta blockers (BB). A total of 270 patients underwent NIST with dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) or nuclear stress testing. DSE was diagnostic in 76% of the cases and nuclear stress test was performed in 52% of the patients with a non-diagnostic DSE. From the patients with diagnostic NIST, 40 underwent LHC. There were 5 true positive, 22 true negative, 8 false positive, and 5 false negative results giving NIST a negative predictive value of 81%. After a median follow-up of 6.2 years [IQR 3.4 to 6.7], 264 patients were transplanted, 9 patients developed an ACS and only one of them within the first year of LT. ACS was the cause of death in one patient which occurred more than 3 years from LT. All of these patients had a prior negative NIST. There were no ACS in the non-transplanted group. Conclusions: In our ESLD population, NIST had a limited role in the CV risk assessment of LT candidates. This is probably secondary to the low incidence of ACS which could be explained by inherent ESLD factors like thrombocytopenia, low TC, and elevated INR.
High Court quashes GMC verdict
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2002)

A hospital consultant has won a High Court ruling quashing a finding of serious professional misconduct against him by the General Medical Council on the grounds that it was irrational and perverse.

Mr Justice Turner ruled that Jeffrey Cream's decision to pass on concerns that a member of an appointments committee might be biased did not amount to misconduct at all.

Dr Cream, a consultant dermatologist at Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, was due to sit on a committee interviewing candidates for a new consultant post when a colleague, Professor Pauline Dowd, told him she had been given some information about another panel member. She said that Dr Tony Chu had received research funds from a family trust, one of whose trustees was related by marriage to a candidate for the post.

Dr Cream took no action until the day before the interviews were to be held, when Professor Dowd sent him photocopies of pages from Dr Chu's diary that seemed to support her claim. Dr Cream spoke to the Medical Defence Union and then to his chief executive, who advised him to report the allegation to the chairman of the interviewing panel. In fact the entries referred to another trust with a similar name.

Mr Justice Turner said the professional conduct committee had made a fundamental error in failing to recognise that until Dr Cream had received the diary pages he was under no obligation to investigate what at that stage was merely gossip. Once he had received specific information, he followed the spirit of the GMC's guidelines on good practice.
Abstract 13845: Cardiovascular Fitness And Mortality Following Contemporary Cardiac Rehabilitation
Authors: Billie-Jean Martin, Ross Arena, Trina Hauer, Leslie D Austford, Sandeep Aggarwal, James A Stone
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Exercise capacity has been demonstrated to be predictive of mortality in adults with and without coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the association between exercise capacity and ou...
Phase II trial of first-line capecitabine plus cisplatin in patients with advanced/metastatic nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC)
Authors: D. Chua, W. Ng, H. Yiu, K. Seetalarom, J. Kurnianda, W. Sze, G. Krishnan, K. Shotelersuk, R. Hong, G. Forster
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

6033 Background: NPC is a common malignancy in Southeast Asia and is associated with a high incidence of distant metastases. Palliative chemotherapy using cisplatin (C)-based regimens is commonly used as first-line treatment in patients (pts) with metastatic NPC. Capecitabine (X) was reported to have single-agent activity in advanced/metastatic NPC. Combination of X and C should provide a convenient and active regimen. Methods: This was a multicenter phase II trial using Ensign's three-stage design (H1: overall response rate [ORR] ≥55%; H0: ORR ≤35%; 5% α, 20% β) to evaluate the activity and safety of X plus C as first-line chemotherapy in metastatic NPC. Pts with WHO type II-III metastatic NPC were enrolled from Nov 2004 to Jul 2007. They received X 1000mg/m2 orally bid on days 1–14 + C 100mg/m2 IV on day 1 q3w for 1–8 (median 5.5) cycles. The primary endpoint was ORR. Results: The study was completed according to the protocol. The intent-to-treat population comprised 44 Asian pts (38 male) with median age 47 (range 21–70) years. Main metastatic sites were: lymph node (57%), lung (36%), liver (32%) and bone (30%). Metastatic disease was diagnosed at first presentation in 30% of pts. Platinum-based chemotherapy was given as adjunctive treatment during primary radiotherapy in 27% of pts. All pts were evaluated for safety and 39 pts for anti-tumor activity. ORR (CR+PR) according to RECIST was 54% (95% CI, 37–70%) with 1 CR, 20 PR, and 15 SD. Median TTP was 6.8 (95% CI, 5.3–8.4) months. Median overall survival has not been reached and 1-yr survival rate was 73% (95% CI, 54.4–91%). Hand-foot syndrome was observed in 27% of pts (25% grade 1/2). The most common grade 3/4 adverse events (NCI-CTC) irrespective of treatment relationship occurring in more than 2 pts were: neutropenia (48%), vomiting (11%), thrombocytopenia (9%) and nausea (7%). One pt died from sepsis that was probably treatment-related. Conclusions: X plus C provided an active regimen with an acceptable tolerability profile as first-line treatment for metastatic NPC. This regimen requires a shorter hospital stay and is more convenient for pts compared with 5-FU plus C and therefore warrants further investigation. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Hoffmann-La Roche Hoffmann-La Roche
Imaging the Brain
Authors: Sid Gilman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

Brain TumorsFocal deficits, such as hemiparesis, hemianopia, or seizures, develop in many patients with primary or metastatic brain tumors. The clinical signs depend on the location of the tumor and reflect impaired regional cerebral function. Frequently, however, the initial symptoms result only from mass effect, local pressure, and distortion of adjacent structures. These symptoms consist of headache, irritability, emotional lability, forgetfulness, drowsiness, and lethargy. Most brain tumors disrupt the blood–brain barrier, allowing leakage of electrolytes, water, and protein into neuronal tissue.For initial diagnostic screening in patients with known cancers elsewhere in the body or in patients with atypical . . .
HOW TO EAT.
Authors: 小蓝
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Toxic Dilatation of Colon in Course of Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: A GLAY
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Toxic dilatation of the colon has been observed in a patient suffering from ulcerative colitis during an acute relapse of the disease. This uncommon and serious complication was suspected because there was a gradual worsening of the patient's condition, accompanied by toxic phenomena. The diagnosis was confirmed by a flat plate of the abdomen which disclosed considerable dilatation of the colon. The etiology of toxic dilatation is not known but the use of opiates and anticholinergic agents has been suggested as a possible factor. These therapeutic agents should be avoided in the acute stage. Barium enema examination during acute relapses of ulcerative colitis may also precipitate the onset of this complication. It is recommended that, during the acute stage of the disease, the barium enema be replaced as often as possible by flat films of the abdomen which also enable diagnosis of this complication.
Preclinical pharmacological profile of ABJ879, a novel epothilone B analog with potent and protracted anti-tumor activity
Authors: Markus Wartmann, Jacqueline Loretan, Robert Reuter, Marc Hattenberger, Melanie Muller, Juliane Vaxelaire, Saveur-Michel Maira, Andreas Floersheimer, Terence O’Reilly, Karl-Heinz Altmann
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

5440  The epothilones comprise a novel class of non-taxane, natural microtubule stabilizing macrolides produced by the cellulose-degrading myxobacteria strain Sorrangium cellulosum. ABJ879 is a semi-synthetic derivative of the bacterially produced epothilone B that has been selected from several hundred analogs produced in an extensive medicinal chemistry effort. ABJ879 was found to induce tubulin polymerization in vitro slightly more potently than paclitaxel. At the cellular level, however, ABJ879 proved to be markedly more potent than paclitaxel. Thus, the average IC50s of ABJ879 and paclitaxel on a panel of non-multi-drug resistant (MDR) cell lines were 0.09 nM and 4.7 nM, respectively. Importantly, in contrast to paclitaxel, ABJ879 retained full activity against cancer cells overexpressing the drug efflux pump P-gp (mdr-1 gene product) or harboring tubulin mutations. Assessment of the in vitro drug exposure dependence further demonstrated that ABJ879 attains its full anti-proliferative potential at much shorter incubation times than paclitaxel. In experimental human tumor xenograft models in nude mice, ABJ879 was demonstrated to be a potent antitumor agent. ABJ879 was capable of producing transient regressions and inhibition of tumor growth in slow-growing NCI H-596 lung adenocarcinoma tumors and HT-29 colon tumors, and inhibition of tumor growth in fast growing, difficult-to-treat NCI H-460 large cell lung tumors. Importantly, single administration of ABJ879 was capable of inducing long-lasting regressions and cures in Taxol®-resistant KB-8511 epidermoid carcinomas. Extended dosing using schedules permitting body weight recovery prior to the next administration appeared to afford improved antitumor effects.In summary, ABJ879 thus represents a novel epothilone analog that in preclinical cancer model systems proves to be markedly more potent than paclitaxel, and is able to successfully overcome several of the known paclitaxel-resistance mechanisms. Based on this promising pre-clinical profile, ABJ879 has been selected for Novartis-sponsored Phase I clinical trials.
Abstract 19038: KLF2-regulated microRNAs in the Interplay Between Endothelial and Smooth Muscle Cells
Authors: Eduard Hergenreider, Reinier A Boon, Karine Treguer, Susanne Heydt, Carmen Urbich, Stefanie Dimmeler
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Introduction:  Recently, the shear-responsive transcription factor Kruppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) has emerged as the central mediator of flow-induced atheroprotection and its overexpression in HUVECs establishes functional quiescent differentiation of the endothelium. Since microRNAs, small non-coding RNAs that exhibit diverse spatial expression patterns and regulate gene expression, were shown to play key roles in many pathogenic and physiological processes, we investigated the regulation of microRNAs by KLF2 and prolonged shear stress in endothelial cells.   Results:  KLF2 regulates the expression of several microRNAs, as assessed by real-time PCR after lentiviral overexpression of KLF2 in HUVECs. The most down-regulated microRNA, miR-146a (16-fold down, p   Conclusions:  KLF2 overexpression and prolonged shear stress exposure in HUVECs regulate a distinct set of microRNAs that are partly secreted in microvesicles enabling cell to cell trafficking of microRNAs between endothelial cells and SMCs, providing a mechanism for the known effects of endothelial KLF2 on SMC function.
Abstract 3648: A Dual Role for Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor in Promotion of Coronary Collateral Growth and Production of Cardiomyocyte Reactive Oxygen Species
Authors: Ana C Carrão, Wiliam M Chilian, June Yun, Chris Kolz, Ivo Buschmann
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a hematopoietic cytokine that promotes proliferation and differentiation of neutrophil progenitors. Because G-CSF ameliorates myocar-dial ischemic injury, we projected this effect would also translate into stimulating myocardial adaptations to ischemia. Accordingly, we hypothesized that G-CSF stimulates coronary collateral growth (CCG) in a rat model of repetitive episodic ischemia (RI): 40 sec LAD occlusion every 20 min for 2h20min, 3 times/day for 5 days. CCG was deduced from collateral-dependent flow (flow to LAD region during occlusion [neutron activated microspheres]) and expressed as the increase in the ratio between collateral-dependent and normal zone flows from the initial measurement to that after 5 days of RI. Following RI, G-CSF (100 microg/Kg/day) increased CCG (P&lt;0.01) (0.47 +− 0.15) versus vehicle (0.14 +− 0.06). Surprisingly, G-CSF treatment without RI increased CCG (0.57 +− 0.18, P&lt;0.01 vs vehicle) equal to G-CSF +RI. Because redox signaling is critical for CCG and neutrophils are a rich source of NADPH oxidase and reactive oxygen species (ROS), we hypothesized that G-CSF stimulates production of ROS. We evaluated ROS by dihydroethidine (DHE) fluorescence (LV injection, 60 microg/kg, during two episodes of ischemia). DHE fluorescence was double in G-CSF+RI vs vehicle+RI (P&lt;0.01), and even higher in G-CSF without RI (P&lt;0.01). Interestingly, the DHE signal did not co-localize with myeloperoxidase (immunostaining, neutrophil marker) but appeared in cardiac myocytes. To unequivocally determine if G-CSF stimulates ROS production in cardiac myocytes, we studied isolated cardiac myocytes and found the cytokine stimulates ROS. In addition to affecting neutrophils, G-CSF directly targets cardiac myocytes to produce ROS. In conclusion, G-CSF stimulates production of ROS by cardiac myocytes, which likely plays a pivotal role in adaptations of the heart to ischemia including growth of the coronary collateral circulation.
Phase I study of lapatinib (L) and temozolomide (T) combination for the treatment of progressive brain metastases (BM) in HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer patients (Pts) (LAPTEM, LAP 111172).
Authors: E. De Azambuja, M. Lemort, J. R. Rossari, C. Moulin, A. Buttice, V. D'hondt, F. Lebrun, Y. Lalami, F. Cardoso, C. Sotiriou, T. Gil, D. Devriendt, W. J. Marinus, M. Paesmans, M. Piccart, A. Awada
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

570 Background: Previous trials have suggested the efficacy of either L or T for the treatment of brain metastases. This study was designed to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and dose limiting toxicities (DLT) of L + T in pts with BM from HER2+ metastatic breast cancer. Methods: Eligible pts had HER2+ breast cancer and recurrent or progressive BM. Previous chemotherapy, trastuzumab, L and brain RT/surgery/radiosurgery were allowed. Measurable brain disease was required (> 5mm by volumetric MRI). Adequate cardiac, renal, bone marrow and hepatic functions prior to study entry were required. Patients were enrolled in one of the cohorts and treated as per the table. The primary endpoint was the determination of the MTD, defined as the dose level below that dose in which ≥ 2/3 or ≥ 2/6 pts experience DLT in the first cycle. Volumetric brain MRI was performed at baseline and every two cycles during therapy. Secondary endpoints included objective response, clinical benefit and duration of response. The protocol was amended to allow treatment (only 1 cycle) to be given prior to surgery/gamma knife. This trial is registered at NCT00614978. Results: 17 pts were enrolled from Jan 2008 to Jan 2011. A DLT was observed in cohort 5 (L 1500 mg/d and T 200 mg/m2 D1-5) with an extension to 6 patients in this cohort. The last patient in cohort 5 will be enrolled in Feb 2011 and the study will be finalized in Q2 2011. The most common toxicities were fatigue, diarrhea, thrombocytopenia, and liver enzymes alterations. Conclusions: The study is ongoing at the last dose level (full doses of both agents). The combination of L + T seems well tolerated. Final results on safety and efficacy data, including volumetric MRI, will be available for this meeting. Dose group (No. of patients) Lapatinib (mg/day) days 1-28 Temozolomide (mg/m2/day) days 1-5 DLT observed (first cycle) 1 (3 pts) 1,000 100 None 2 (3 pts) 1,250 100 None 3 (3 pts) 1,500 100 None 4 (3 pts) 1,500 150 None 5 (5 pts) 1,500 200 Thrombocytopenia > 7 days
Targeted diagnostic magnetic nanoparticles for medical imaging of pancreatic cancer
Authors: I. Rosenberger, A. Strauss, S. Dobiasch, C. Weis, S. Szanyi, L. Gil-Iceta, E. Alonso, M. González Esparza, V. Gómez-Vallejo, B. Szczupak, S. Plaza-García, S. Mirzaei, L.L. Israel, S. Bianchessi, E. Scanziani, J.-P. Lellouche, P. Knoll, J. Werner, K. Felix, L. Grenacher, T. Reese, J. Kreuter, M. Jiménez-González
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2015)
Abstract 17392: High-Sensitivity Troponin T Predicts Recurrent Cardiovascular Disease Events in Stable Coronary Heart Disease Patients: 8-Year Follow-Up of the KAROLA Study
Authors: Wolfgang Koenig, Lutz Breitling, Hermann Brenner, Dietrich Rothenbacher
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Purpose: The clinical relevance of only slightly elevated circulating troponin levels in patients with stable coronary heart disease (CHD) several weeks after an acute event has not been fully evaluated. We aimed to assess the predictive value of a new high-sensitivity troponin T assay (hsTnT) for recurrent cardiovascular disease (CVD) events in stable CHD patients, simultaneously controlling for a large number of potential confounders. Methods: Plasma concentrations of hsTnT (Roche Elecsys 2010) were measured at baseline in a cohort of 1,050 patients aged 30-70 years with CHD. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to determine the prognostic value of hsTnT on a combined CVD endpoint after adjustment for covariates. Results: The median hsTnT level was 10.9 ng/L (IQR 5.1-18.9). Elevated hsTnT levels were associated with higher age, history of hypertension, history of diabetes, a higher number of affected vessels, initial management of CHD, and left-ventricular dysfunction. In addition as determined by 12-lead routine ECG, rhythm disorders, and anterior wall infarction were associated with higher hsTnT levels. Furthermore, hsTnT was highly correlated with NT-proBNP and cystatin C (R=0.61 and R=0.32, respectively, both p-values &lt;0.0001). During a median follow-up of 8.1 years, 150 patients (21.0%) experienced a fatal- or non-fatal secondary CVD event. In a multivariate model, hsTnT was associated with a hazard ratio (HR) for secondary CVD events of 2.83 (95% CI, 1.68-4.79) when extreme quartiles were compared. Further adjustment for cystatin C, NT-proBNP, and CRP attenuated the association only slightly (2.27; 95% CI, 1.31-3.95), p for trend &lt;0.002). ROC analysis of a clinical model which included hsTnT to a baseline model showed a modest improvement in the AUC (0.69 vs 0.67). Conclusions: Slightly elevated hsTnT levels in stable CHD patients are associated with a number of CVD disorders and predict long-term CVD events in these patients.
Abstract 18567: Impact of Participation in Cardiac Rehabilitation on Long-term Survival after Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery
Authors: Jong-Young Lee, Eun-Kyung Park, Jung-Min Ahn, Heesoon Park, Sang Soo Cheon, Min Su Kim, Duk-Woo Park, Young-Hak Kim, Seung-Whan Lee, Soo-Jin Kang, Hyo In Choi, Cheol Whan Lee, Seong-Wook Park, Seung-Jung Park
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Although cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is recommended after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery, there are still deficient data about the long-term benefit of CR after CABG. Methods: We analyzed a single-center prospective registry, which included patients who had undergone CABG between 2000 and 2011. We evaluated the relationship between participation in CR and long-term survival. We identified 3975 patients (62.4±9.1 years old, 74.3% male) who survived for at least 3 months after surgery. Results: Of these, 2419 (60.9%) participated in phase I of CR while hospitalized, and 383 (9.6%) participated in phase II of CR at an outpatient clinic. During a median follow-up of 6.0 years (IQR, 4.3 to 9.5), the all-cause Kaplan-Meier mortality rate was 28.8% (616 deaths). Based on the propensity score matching method, participation in phase I CR was associated with a 20% relative risk reduction in all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 0.80; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.64 to 0.98; p=0.043) and a 40% reduction in all-cause mortality after participation in phase II CR (HR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.40 to 0.90; p=0.012). After multivariate Cox-proportional analysis, participation in any CR phase was associated with a significant reduction in mortality (HR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.64 to 0.93; p=0.006 in phase I CR and HR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.39 to 0.84, p=0.004 in phase II CR). Conclusions: CR participation is associated with a significant reduction in all-cause mortality after CABG. As well as outpatient CR participation, early CR during hospitalization has a beneficial impact in reducing mortality.