tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Thermally Drawn Shape and Stiffness Programmable Fibers for Medical Devices
Authors: Jiwoo Choi, Qindong Zheng, Mohamed E. M. K. Abdelaziz, Thomas Dysli, Daniel Bautista‐Salinas, Andreas Leber, Shan Jiang, Jianan Zhang, Ali Anil Demircali, Jinshi Zhao, Yue Liu, Nick W. F. Linton, Fabien Sorin, Xiaoting Jia, Eric M. Yeatman, Guang‐Zhong Yang, Burak Temelkuran
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Despite the significant advantages of Shape Memory Polymers (SMPs), material processing and production challenges have limited their applications. Recent advances in fiber manufacturing offer a novel approach to processing polymers, broadening the functions of fibers beyond optical applications. In this study, a thermal drawing technique for SMPs to fabricate Shape Memory Polymer Fibers (SMPFs) tailored for medical applications, featuring programmable stiffness and shape control is developed. Rheological and differential scanning calorimetry analyses are conducted to assess SMP's compatibility with the proposed thermal drawing process and applications, leading to the production of multilumen, multimaterial SMPFs activated at body temperature. Different properties of SMPFs are investigated in three medical devices: stiffness-adjustable catheters, softening neural interface, and shape-programmable cochlear implants. Comprehensive characterization of these devices demonstrates the potential of thermally drawn SMPs to be employed in a wide range of applications demanding programmable mechanical properties.
Microbial perspective of multidisciplinary collaborative weight management approach: <i>Ruminococcus gnavus</i> may serve as a key target for weight loss
Authors: Sijia Zhao, Wenjun Wu, Wenyan Song, Qunyan Zhou, Haiyan Cheng, Shukun Deng, Jianxin Zhao, Hao Zhang, Wei Chen, Hongchao Wang
Journal: Gut Microbes (2024)

Changes in the gut microbiota are associated with obesity and may influence weight loss. We are currently implementing a sustained multidisciplinary collaborative weight management (MCWM) approach to weight loss. We report significant improvements in participant health status after 6 months, along with alterations in the structure, interactions, and metabolic functions of the microbiota. We observed an enrichment of the gut symbiont Ruminococcus gnavus in obese subjects, which was significantly correlated with clinical indicators and contributed significantly to random forest (RF) classification, and revealed its correlation with bile acid metabolism. Experimental results indicate that R. gnavus impairs weight loss in diet-modified obese mice by altering the gut microbiota structure and influencing bile acid metabolism. The findings of this study highlight the significant role of the gut microbiota in obese patients and establishes a more substantial scientific foundation for the prevention and management of obesity.
SGLT2 expression in human vasculature and heart correlates with low-grade inflammation and causes eNOS-NO/ROS imbalance
Authors: Ali Mroueh, Paola Algara-Suarez, Walaa Fakih, Dal-Seong Gong, Kensuke Matsushita, Sin-Hee Park, Said Amissi, Cyril Auger, Gilles Kauffenstein, Nicolas Meyer, Patrick Ohlmann, Laurence Jesel, Michael Paul Pieper, Benjamin Marchandot, Olivier Morel, Jean-Philippe Mazzucotelli, Valérie B Schini-Kerth
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2024)

Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) show a cardioprotective effect in heart failure and myocardial infarction, pathologies often associated with low-grade inflammation. This cross-sectional study aims to investigate whether low-grade inflammation regulates SGLT2 expression and function in human vasculature, heart, and endothelial cells (ECs).
Impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on early life gut microbiome
Authors: Lin Zhang, Wenye Xu, Henry Y. H. Meng, Jessica Y. L. Ching, Yingzhi Liu, Shilan Wang, Shuai Yan, Ling Lin, Pui K. Cheong, Ka L. Ip, Ye Peng, Jie Zhu, Chun P. Cheung, Ting F. Leung, Agnes S. Y. Leung, Wing H. Tam, Tak Y. Leung, Paul K. S. Chan, Eugene B. Chang, David T. Rubin, Erika C. Claud, William K. K. Wu, Hein M. Tun, Francis K. L. Chan, Siew C. Ng
Journal: Gut Microbes (2024)
Promoter capture Hi-C identifies promoter-related loops and fountain structures in Arabidopsis
Authors: Dingyue Wang, Suxin Xiao, Jiayue Shu, Lingxiao Luo, Minqi Yang, Myriam Calonje, Hang He, Baoxing Song, Yue Zhou
Journal: Genome biology (2024)

Promoters serve as key elements in the regulation of gene transcription. In mammals, loop interactions between promoters and enhancers increase the complexity of the promoter-based regulatory networks. However, the identification of enhancer-promoter or promoter-related loops in Arabidopsis remains incomplete.
Molecular dependencies and genomic consequences of a global DNA damage tolerance defect
Authors: Daniel de Groot, Aldo Spanjaard, Ronak Shah, Maaike Kreft, Ben Morris, Cor Lieftink, Joyce J. I. Catsman, Shirley Ormel, Matilda Ayidah, Bas Pilzecker, Olimpia Alessandra Buoninfante, Paul C. M. van den Berk, Roderick L. Beijersbergen, Heinz Jacobs
Journal: Genome biology (2024)

DNA damage tolerance (DDT) enables replication to continue in the presence of fork stalling lesions. In mammalian cells, DDT is regulated by two independent pathways, controlled by the polymerase REV1 and ubiquitinated PCNA, respectively.
What is the most effective antibiotic monotherapy for severe Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Dorit Tekes-Manuva, Tanya Babich, Dror Kozlovski, Michal Elbaz, Dafna Yahav, Erez Halperin, Leonard Leibovici, Tomer Avni
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2024)
A nucleoside-modified rabies mRNA vaccine induces long-lasting and comprehensive immune responses in mice and non-human primates.
Authors: Yu Wang, Shen Wang, Lulu Huang, Wenhao Mao, Fangmeng Li, Ang Lin, Weijun Zhao, Xianhuan Zeng, Yue Zhang, Dingcao Yang, Yuhong Han, Yidan Li, Leyuan Ren, Ying Li, Liang Zhang, Feihu Yan, Yong Yang, Xinying Tang
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2024)
Shikimic Acid Enhances Vancomycin Efficacy in Experimental MRSA-Induced Infective Endocarditis
Authors: Ting-Yin Lu, Long-Gen Zhong, Jun-Qi Liu, Chuan-Jian Zhang, Zuo-Zhong Zhu, Meng-Ting Tao, Xiao-Ping Liao, Jian Sun, Yu-Feng Zhou
Journal: Journal of Infection (2024)
225Ac-PSMA-617 Augmentation After Insufficient Response Under 177Lu-PSMA-617 Radioligand Therapy in mCRPC: Evaluation of Outcome and Safety From a Prospective Registry (REALITY Study)
Authors: Florian Rosar, Fadi Khreish, Lea Sophie Nagel, Arne Blickle, Caroline Burgard, Sven Petto, Moritz B. Bastian, Tilman Speicher, Mark Bartholomä, Stephan Maus, Andrea Schaefer-Schuler, Samer Ezziddin
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

Background Even though the introduction of 177 Lu-PSMA-617 RLT represents a major milestone in the treatment of mCRPC, there are still patients who do not respond adequately to this therapy and for whom there are only limited options left. Augmenting 177 Lu-PSMA-617 RLT with the alpha-emitter 225 Ac-PSMA-617 may present an escalating treatment option to increase efficacy. In this study, we aim to evaluate outcome and safety of 225 Ac-PSMA-617 augmentation to 177 Lu-PSMA-617 RLT in patients who present insufficient response to monotherapy with 177 Lu-PSMA-617 RLT. Patients and Methods The study included n = 51 mCRPC patients enrolled in a prospective registry receiving 177 Lu-PSMA-617 monotherapy and showing insufficient response, followed by initiation of 225 Ac-PSMA-617 augmentation, with adjusted activities depending on individual patient characteristics. Biochemical response, progression-free survival, and overall survival were assessed. Adverse events were evaluated according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE v.5.0). Results After initiation of 225 Ac-PSMA-617 augmentation to 177 Lu-PSMA-617 RLT, 24/51 patients (47.1%) exhibited partial remission, 16/51 (31.4%) stable disease, and 11/51 (21.6%) progressive disease. The median progression-free survival and overall survival rates were 6.3 months and 9.1 months, respectively. The majority of CTCAE gradings remained stable after initiating augmentation. Severe adverse events were rare, and no treatment termination due to side effects was recorded. Conclusions 225 Ac-PSMA-617 augmented 177 Lu-PSMA-617 radioligand therapy seems to be an effective escalating treatment option in patients after failure of conventional 177 Lu-PSMA-617 RLT and represents a promising approach balancing antitumor effect and tolerable side effects.
Diagnostic Value of Surveillance 18F-FDG PET/CT in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma After Curative Therapy
Authors: Wonseok Whi, Seung Hwan Moon, Dongryul Oh, Man Ki Chung, Han-Sin Jeong, Myung Ju Ahn, Joon Young Choi
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of surveillance FDG PET/CT for detection of clinically unexpected recurrent disease or second primary malignancy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients who underwent curative treatment. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 739 consecutive patients with HNSCC who underwent 2396 surveillance FDG PET/CT scans. Surveillance FDG PET/CT scans were defined as routine follow-up scans after curative therapy without suspicion of recurrence. The diagnostic performance of FDG PET/CT was evaluated based on sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy. Of the 2396 surveillance FDG PET/CT scans, 119 (5.0%) showed positive findings, with 93 (78.1%) confirmed as true-positives. True-positive detections included locoregional metastases, distant metastases, or second primary malignancies. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy were 97.9%, 98.9%, 78.2%, 99.9%, and 98.8%, respectively. The incidence of recurrence was significantly greater in patients initially diagnosed with stage IVA disease (P = 0.03) and for which 5 or more years had elapsed since treatment (P < 0.001) than in other subgroups. However, no significant differences in diagnostic performance were observed across subgroups divided by tumor location, disease stage, treatment modality, or time since treatment. Surveillance FDG PET/CT showed excellent diagnostic performance for detection of clinically unexpected recurrent disease or second primary malignancies in patients with HNSCC after curative therapy. The frequency and duration of surveillance could be adjusted based on the initial disease stage to optimize early detection and intervention.
123I-MIBG SPECT/CT in Evaluating Symptomatic Urinary Bladder Pheochromocytoma
Authors: Sarah Algodayan, Abdullah Almehaidib, Dimitrios Priftakis
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

Pheochromocytoma of the urinary bladder is a rare tumor that occurs in <1% of the extra-adrenal pheochromocytomas. Patients usually present with occult complaints, which can be misdiagnosed. We present a case of a patient with longstanding nonspecific debilitating symptoms. Functional imaging is crucial in diagnosing, localizing, staging, and guiding surgical planning of neuroendocrine tumors.
99mTc-Labeled Blood Pool Scintigraphy and SPECT/CT Findings in a Rare Case of Blue Rubber Bleb Nevus Syndrome
Authors: Ritwik Wakankar, Yamini Dharmashaktu, Rakesh Kumar
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

Abstract Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome or Bean syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by the presence of multiple venous hemangiomas, most commonly involving the skin and gastrointestinal tract, but which can also involve other organs as well. We present an interesting case of a 21-year-old woman with blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome and describe the findings of her 99m Tc-labeled whole-body blood pool scintigraphy and SPECT/CT.
Application of 99mTc-FAPI-46 Imaging in a Patient With Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Nasrin Raeisi, Amin Saber Tanha, Somayeh Barashki, Navid Nateghi, Kamran Aryana
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

Abstract We present the case of a 58-year-old man with metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma refractory to conventional therapies, including peptide receptor radionuclide therapy. Despite multiple interventions, serum calcitonin and carcinoembryonic antigen levels continued to rise. Subsequent evaluation with 99m Tc-FAPI-46 revealed remarkable uptake in metastatic lesions, suggesting a potential role for FAPI-labeled radioisotopes in the management of medullary thyroid carcinoma. This case underscores the emerging utility of FAPI-targeted radiotracers in oncologic nuclear medicine and highlights the need for further research in this promising area.
Uncovering Astrocyte Morphological Dynamics Using Optical Diffraction Tomography and Shape‐Based Trajectory Inference
Authors: Pooja Anantha, Piyush Raj, Emanuela Saracino, Joo Ho Kim, Jeong Hee Kim, Annalisa Convertino, Luo Gu, Ishan Barman
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Astrocytes, integral components of the central nervous system, are increasingly recognized for their multifaceted roles beyond support cells. Despite their acknowledged importance, understanding the intricacies of astrocyte morphological dynamics remains limited. Our study marks the first exploration of astrocytes using optical diffraction tomography (ODT), establishing a label-free, quantitative method to observe morphological changes in astrocytes over a 7-day in-vitro period. ODT offers quantitative insights into cell volume, dry mass, and area through label-free, real-time measurements-capabilities that are challenging to achieve with conventional imaging techniques. Through comprehensive analysis of 3D refractive index maps and shape characterization techniques, we capture the developmental trajectory and dynamic morphological transformations of astrocytes. Specifically, our observations reveal increased area and a transition to larger, flattened shapes, with alterations in cell volume and density, indicating shifts in cellular composition. By employing unsupervised clustering and pseudotime trajectory analysis, we introduce a novel morphological trajectory inference for neural cells, tracking the morphological evolution of astrocytes from elongated to evenly spread shapes. This analysis marks the first use of trajectory inference based solely on morphology for neural cell types, laying a foundation for future studies employing ODT to examine astrocyte dynamics and neural cell interactions across diverse substrates.
Homeostatic pockets of interferon lambda-stimulated gene production in the intestine are associated with localized exposure to bacterial microbiota
Authors: David A. Constant, Jacob A. Van Winkle, Kimberly A. Meyer, Shelby R. Madden, Bryan Ramirez Reyes, Timothy J. Nice
Journal: Gut Microbes (2024)

Tolerance of enteric microbiota and clearance of potential pathogens is critical for gut homeostasis. We previously found that the healthy small intestine of mice contains discrete pockets of antiviral gene expression that depend on bacterial microbiota colonization and interferon lambda (IFN-λ) receptor expression by intestinal epithelial cells. We now use spatial transcriptomic profiling of homeostatic interferon response pockets to show that they contain a broader cytokine signature that is consistent with activation of innate immune sensors, including toll-like receptors (TLRs). Additionally, we find that these homeostatic innate immune responses are associated with increased local abundance of luminal bacteria, but not with particular bacterial species or overt defects in the epithelial barrier. We find that deficiency of the TLR adaptor MyD88 in hematopoietic cells significantly reduces the abundance of homeostatic innate immune pockets, and stimulation with the bacterial product lipopolysaccharide preferentially stimulates IFN-λ production by intestinal immune cells. We propose that localized increases in proximity of bacterial microbiota to intestinal epithelium result in increased homeostatic uptake of TLR ligands, which stimulates resident immune cells to produce cytokines, including IFN-λ. These localized innate immune responses enhance the immunological barrier, maintaining homeostasis with beneficial microbes and protecting against potential occult pathogens that may be present among the luminal microflora.
Mechano‐Responsive Biomaterials for Bone Organoid Construction
Authors: Ruiyang Li, Jian Wang, Qiushui Lin, Zhifeng Yin, Fengjin Zhou, Xiao Chen, Hongbo Tan, Jiacan Su
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Abstract Mechanical force is essential for bone development, bone homeostasis, and bone fracture healing. In the past few decades, various biomaterials have been developed to provide mechanical signals that mimic the natural bone microenvironment, thereby promoting bone regeneration. Bone organoids, emerging as a novel research approach, are 3D micro‐bone tissues that possess the ability to self‐renew and self‐organize, exhibiting biomimetic spatial characteristics. Incorporating mechano‐responsive biomaterials in the construction of bone organoids presents a promising avenue for simulating the mechanical bone microenvironment. Therefore, this review commences by elucidating the impact of mechanical force on bone health, encompassing both cellular interactions and alterations in bone structure. Furthermore, the most recent applications of mechano‐responsive biomaterials within the realm of bone tissue engineering are highlighted. Three different types of mechano‐responsive biomaterials are introduced with a focus on their responsive mechanisms, construction strategies, and efficacy in facilitating bone regeneration. Based on a comprehensive overview, the prospective utilization and future challenges of mechano‐responsive biomaterials in the construction of bone organoids are discussed. As bone organoid technology advances, these biomaterials are poised to become powerful tools in bone regeneration.
Heat acclimation defense against exertional heat stroke by improving the function of preoptic TRPV1 neurons
Authors: Jing Li, Ziqing Zhou, You Wu, Jianshuai Zhao, Haokai Duan, Yuliang Peng, Xiaoke Wang, Zhongmin Fan, Lu Yin, Mengyun Li, Fuhong Liu, Yongheng Yang, Lixia Du, Jin Li, Haixing Zhong, Wugang Hou, Fanglin Zhang, Hongwei Ma, Xijing Zhang
Journal: Theranostics (2024)

Rationale: Record-breaking heatwaves caused by greenhouse effects lead to multiple hyperthermia disorders, the most serious of which is exertional heat stroke (EHS) with the mortality reaching 60 %.Repeat exercise with heat exposure, termed heat acclimation (HA), protects against EHS by fine-tuning feedback control of body temperature (Tb), the mechanism of which is opaque.This study aimed to explore the molecular and neural circuit mechanisms of the HA training against EHS.Methods: Male C57BL/6 mice (6-8 weeks) and male TRPV1-Cre mice (6-8 weeks) were used in our experiments.The EHS model with or without HA training were established for this study.RNA sequencing, qPCR, immunoblot, immunofluorescent assays, calcium imaging, optogenetic/ chemical genetic intervention, virus tracing, patch clamp, and other methods were employed to investigate the molecular mechanism and neural circuit by which HA training improves the function of the medial preoptic area (mPOA) neurons.Furthermore, a novel exosome-based strategy targeting the central nervous system to deliver irisin, a protective peptide generated by HA, was established to protect against EHS.Results: HA-related neurons in the mPOA expressing transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) were identified as a population whose activation reduces Tb; inversely, dysfunction of these neurons contributes to hyperthermia and EHS.mPOA TRPV1 neurons facilitate vasodilation and reduce adipose tissue thermogenesis, which is associated with their inhibitory projection to the raphe pallidus nucleus (RPa) and dorsal medial hypothalamus (DMH) neurons, respectively.Furthermore, HA improves the function of preoptic heat-sensitive neurons by enhancing TRPV1 expression, and Trpv1 ablation reverses the HA-induced heat tolerance.A central nervous system-targeted exosome strategy to deliver irisin, a protective peptide generated by HA, can promote preoptic TRPV1 expression and exert similar protective effects against EHS.Conclusions: Preoptic TRPV1 neurons could be enhanced by HA, actively contributing to heat defense through the mPOADMH/RPa circuit during EHS, which results in the suppression of adipose tissue thermogenesis and facilitation of vasodilatation.A delivery strategy of exosomes engineered with RVG-Lamp2b-Irisin significantly improves the function of mPOA TRPV1 neurons, providing a promising preventive strategy for EHS in the future.
Targeting KAT7 inhibits the progression of colorectal cancer
Authors: Hao Wang, Tianwang Guan, Rong Hu, Zhongjie Huang, Zhao Liang, Xiaonan Lin, Yingqi Qiu, Peiyun Liao, Xiongbo Guo, Yushen Ke, Honghao Zhang, Caiwen Ou, Yuhua Li
Journal: Theranostics (2024)

Rationale: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Epigenetic modifications play a significant role in the progression of CRC. KAT7, a histone acetyltransferase, has an unclear role in CRC. Methods: In this research, we analyzed the expression of KAT7 in CRC patients and its correlation with prognosis using the GEO database, western blot, and immunohistochemistry. We assessed the impact of KAT7 on CRC cell functions through cell viability, colony formation, flow cytometry, scratch, and transwell assays. Mechanistic insights were obtained via RNA sequencing and ChIP-qPCR. Additionally, we evaluated the effects of KAT7 on CRC growth and metastasis in vivo using mouse subcutaneous tumor and lung metastasis models. Results: In this study, we discovered an upregulated KAT7 signaling pathway in CRC and its association with poor patient survival. Knockdown of KAT7 promotes apoptosis and inhibits proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC cells. Conversely, KAT7 overexpression enhanced these cellular processes. In vivo assays confirmed that knockdown of KAT7 can inhibit CRC proliferation and lung metastasis. Mechanistically, KAT7 acetylated histone H3 at lysine 14 (H3K14) to enhance MRAS transcription, which activated the MAPK/ERK pathway and promoted tumorigenesis. The enzymatic function of KAT7 as an acetyltransferase is crucial for the advancement of colorectal cancer. In KAT7 knockdown CRC cells, re-expression of KAT7, but not an acetyltransferase-deficient mutant, rescued MRAS expression, ERK phosphorylation, and CRC tumorigenesis. Conclusion: We found that KAT7 is highly expressed in CRC patients, and those with high KAT7 expression have a worse prognosis. KAT7 enhances MRAS gene transcription by promoting H3K14 acetylation, thereby activating the MAPK/ERK pathway and promoting malignant phenotypes of CRC. In summary, KAT7 represents a promising target for CRC therapy.