tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comorbidity of conduct disorder and personality disorders in an incarcerated juvenile population
Authors: T D Eppright, J H Kashani, B D Robison, J C Reid
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1993)

Youths with conduct disorder extract an inordinate amount of time and money from the U.S. judicial system and taxpayers, yet studies pertaining to this population have been few. This study was undertaken to examine the co-occurrence of personality disorders and conduct disorder in a group of incarcerated children and adolescents and to raise the issue of the possibility of antisocial personality disorder in persons under the age of 18 years.One hundred incarcerated juvenile offenders aged 11-17 years were randomly selected and then interviewed with the Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents--Revised and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R Personality Disorders to establish their psychiatric diagnoses.Eighty-seven percent of the group met the criteria for conduct disorder. Among those diagnosed as having conduct disorder, the only comorbid personality disorder that was present with significant frequency was antisocial personality disorder. The other comorbid personality disorder diagnoses that appeared most frequently were the borderline, narcissistic, paranoid, passive-aggressive, and dependent types. Borderline personality disorder was observed more frequently in the females than in the males with conduct disorder.The findings suggest that by using DSM-III-R criteria for adult personality disorders, one finds a considerable number of personality disorders in a young population with conduct disorder. The findings also show that youths manifest signs of antisocial personality disorder before they are 18 years of age, raising the question of how age should be incorporated into the diagnosis of personality disorder as DSM-IV is being prepared.
Cancer and venous thromboembolism: Role of genetic polymorphisms in selectins and tissue factor
Authors: J. J. Grau, C. Font, L. Visa, J. Monteagudo, P. Gascón, J. C. Reverter, D. Tassies
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

9504 Background: Patients with cancer frequently develop venous thromboembolism (VTE), even though its pathogenesis is not well understood. Microparticles play an important role in thrombus formation and genetic variation in proteins related to their function, such as selectins and tissue factor, may influence thrombus development. The aim of the study was to analyze the role of functional polymorphisms on P-selectin (Thr715Pro), P-selectin glycoprotein ligand PSGL-1 (VNTR and M62I) and tissue factor (TF) (-1208I/D) in patients with cancer and VTE. Methods: We included 80 patients with cancer who presented VTE episodes related to the tumour (42 male gender; mean age 62.8, SD 11.1 years) and 160 sex and age matched healthy controls. Fifty-six patients had deep venous thrombosis in lower extremities, 18 in upper extremities, 1 in visceral veins, and 20 pulmonary embolism. One patient was heterozygous for factor V Leiden and no prothrombin G20210A mutation, or deficiencies on protein C, protein S, antithrombin or antiphospholipid antibodies were observed. Plasma microparticles were quantified by an ELISA. P-selectin Thr715Pro, PSGL-1 VNTR and M62I and TF -1208I/D polymorphisms were determined by PCR. Soluble P- selectin (s-PSel) and soluble TF (s-TF) were determined by ELISA in platelet poor plasma. Results: Cancer patients had significantly elevated microparticles, s-Psel an s-TF in comparison with controls (p<0.001 in each). The prevalence of heterozygous carriers of M62I polymorphism was significantly higher in patients with cancer and VTE (22.5%) than in controls (8,7%) (p=0.006; OR= 3,02, 95% confidence interval: 1,42–6,47). There were no differences in genotype distribution between controls and cancer patients for TF -1208I/D, P-selectin Thr715Pro and PSGL-1 VNTR polymorphisms. Conclusions: M62I polymorphism on PSGL-1 may contribute to the development of VTE in cancer patients. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
The Evolution of Earth and Man.
Authors: Lorande Loss Woodruff, George Alfred Baitsell
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 2637: Perioperative Stroke in Non-Cardiac Surgery; The Impact of Prophylactic Beta-Blocker Therapy
Authors: D. Poldermans, Olaf Schouten, Sanne E Hoeks, Martin Dunkelgrun, F. van Lier, A E Durazzo, Jeroen J Bax, E Boersma
Journal: Circulation (2008)
Lumbar Puncture
Authors: Miles S Ellenby, Ken Tegtmeyer, Susanna Lai, Dana A V Braner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

This video will demonstrate safe and successful methods of performing lumbar puncture. Lumbar puncture is indicated for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Also, the administration of spinal and epidural anesthesia involves the use essentially of the same technique. Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid may be helpful in the diagnosis of infectious processes such as meningitis, inflammatory diseases such as multiple sclerosis, cancers such as leukemia, and metabolic processes. Therapeutically, lumbar puncture allows for the intrathecal administration of chemotherapeutic agents and antibiotics. There are specific contraindications to lumbar puncture. The condition of patients with cardiorespiratory compromise may worsen as a consequence of . . . .
Abstract 2771: Abnormal Atrial Electrophysiological Vulnerability and Structural Atrial Remodeling in High-Risk Patients with Brugada Syndrome: Assessment with Electrophysiology and Echocardiography
Authors: Norihisa Toh, Hiroshi Morita, Manabu Taniguchi, Nobuhisa Watanabe, Yasuharu Tanabe, Daiji Miura, Satoshi Nagase, Kazufumi Nakamura, Kengo F Kusano, Tohru Ohe
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) often occurs in patients with Brugada syndrome (BS) and BS patients with spontaneous AF often experience ventricular fibrillation (VF) attacks. We have reported that patients with BS had abnormal atrial electrophysiological vulnerability, which provides a substrate for AF, but there are no data regarding the atrial structural attribute. Our objective is to assess the atrial electrophysiological and structural characteristics according to the disease severity and their relations with gene mutations in BS. Methods: We studied 41 patients with BS: 9 patients with documented VF and spontaneous AF (Group VF+AF+), 7 patients with VF and without AF (Group VF+AF−), and 25 patients without VF and AF (Group VF−AF−). In electrophysiologic study, intra-atrial conduction time (CT) was defined as the interval from the stimulus at the high right atrium to the atrial deflection at the distal portion of the coronary sinus, and it was measured at constant pacing (CT1) and extrastimuli (CT2). In echocardiographic study, left atrial volume was calculated using the biplane modified Simpson’s method and indexed to body surface area (LA volume index). Mutations of SCN5A gene were examined in all patients. Results: CTs, especially CT2, were prolonged in both Group VF+AF+ and Group VF+AF− compared to Group VF−AF− (CT2: Group VF−AF−134.1±15.7 vs. Group VF+AF− 152.8±23.6* vs. Group VF+AF+ 173.5±12.4** ms, *p&lt;0.05, ** p&lt;0.01). Group VF+AF+ had larger LA volume index compared to Group VF−AF−.Group VF+AF− also had large LA volume index although this group did not have spontaneous AF (LA volume index: 22±4 vs. 26±4* vs. 34±8** ml/m 2 , respectively, *p&lt;0.05, ** p&lt;0.01). LA volume index was correlated with CT2 (r=0.58, p&lt;0.01). SCN5A mutation was associated with prolonged CTs (p&lt;0.05) and increased LA volume index (p&lt;0.05), but not with the episode of spontaneous AF and documented VF. Conclusions: High-risk patients with BS had both abnormal atrial vulnerability and remodeling even if patients did not have AF. Existence of SCN5A also induced both electrophysiological and anatomical remodeling of the atrium. To identify atrial electrophysiological and structural characteristics may be useful for the risk stratification in patients with BS.
Clinical, immunophenotypic, and molecular characteristics of well-differentiated systemic mastocytosis
Authors: Iván Álvarez-Twose, María Jara-Acevedo, José Mário Morgado, Andrés García-Montero, Laura Sánchez-Muñoz, Cristina Teodósio, Almudena Matito, Andrea Mayado, Carolina Caldas, Manuela Mollejo, Alberto Orfao, Luis Escribano
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2015)
The Art and Practice of Medical Writing.
Authors: George H. Simmons, Morris Fishbein
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Are we use of chemotherapy for elderly stage III colon cancer patients? An analysis from the Cancer Care Outcomes &amp; Research Surveillance Consortium (CanCORS)
Authors: K. L. Kahn, J. L. Adams, E. E. Chrischilles, D. P. Harrington, J. C. Weeks, J. Z. Ayanian, C. I. Kiefe, D. T. Provenzale, R. H. Fletcher
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

6500 Background: Multiple studies have documented lower rates of use of adjuvant therapy for colorectal cancer with increasing patient age despite evidence from RCTs that older patients (pts) experience similar benefits from treatment. This suggests the concern that pts treated on those trials may not be representative of the typical elderly colorectal cancer patient. We therefore examined the outcomes of adjuvant therapy for colorectal cancer in a nationally representative sample of pts treated in the routine care setting. Methods: As part of the CanCORS observational cohort study, we assessed important clinical morbid events (CME) recorded in the medical records (e.g., sepsis, myocardial infarction) for a population-based sample of 705 patients with incident colon cancer from multiple U.S. regions. We used Poisson models with propensity score to calculate adjusted mean number of CME events summed, from colectomy to 15 months post- diagnosis, by age. We adjusted for demographics, site, survey type, comorbidity, pre-dx health status, clinical complications during the pre- and post-op periods prior to chemo use; and then for 1st 5FU dose and route, chemo dose reduction, and chemo duration. Results: Overall, of 705 stage III pts, the prevalence of CME was none for 67%, one for 22%, and ≥two for 11% with a mean of 0.49 (SD 0.91) CME following surgery to the end of study. The adjusted mean number of CME are not worse for older pts, even after adjustment for 1st chemo dose and route, dose reduction and chemo duration. Conclusions: Although elderly patients are much less likely than younger patients to receive adjuvant chemotherapy for stage III colon cancer, those who receive chemotherapy, experience similar rates of clinical morbid events. Age Categories (years) Adjusted Mean Number of Clinical Morbid Events (n=705) Pts Receiving Chemo (N=517) No Chemo (n=188) Without adjustment for chemo dose After adjustment for chemo dose 21–55 (n=79) 0.71 (n=8) 0.46 0.45 56–65 (n=153) 0.40 (n=19) 0.54 0.53 66–75 (n=180) 0.48 (n=38) 0.49 0.51 >75 (n=293) 0.38 (n=123) 0.47 0.48 Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration National Cancer Institute
MOTORCYCLING INJURIES IN CHILDREN. CHILDREN ON MOTORCYCLES: A CAUSE FOR CONCERN
Authors: M A Mason
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Although much has been done to reduce injuries among teenage cyclists, little attention has been given to injuries of younger children riding motorcycles off the road for sport and pleasure. Injuries to 24 motorcyclists under 16, not appearing in accident statistics, are analysed for Oxford where half were caused in scrambling and half off the road. The mean injury score was 6 (range -14) and incidence of injuries to the right knee was high. Collisions with fixed objects were frequent, but not in organised scrambling. There is clearly a potential for serious injury amongst children especially among unsupervised riders. It is suggested that it would be more responsible to restrict the sale of motorcycles to recognised clubs for use at official meetings only, and to raise the lower age limit for these clubs from 6 years to 12 years. Medical officers should be at all meetings and accidents causing injury fully documented. Unsupervised riding of motorcycles by children of any age should be banned. (TRRL)
Experimental Studies on the Effect of Sulfapyridine on Pneumococci and Gonococci
Authors: Kai Schmith, Hans Andersen
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Miglustat Therapy in Type 1 Gaucher Disease: Long-Term Treatment Experience From a Multicenter, Retrospective Cohort Study,
Authors: David J. Kuter, Atul Mehta, Carla Hollak, Pilar Giraldo, Derralynn Hughes, Nadia Belmatoug, Monika Brand, Audrey Muller, Berthold Schaaf, Ruben Giorgino, Ari Zimran
Journal: Blood (2011)
Clinician engagement is critical to public engagement with clinical trials
Authors: C. J. Stock, N. Carley, B. Hickman, J. Primrose, A. Ayres, C. McGrath, C. J. Edwards, S. N. Faust
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Five years on from Godlee and Chalmers’ advocacy of greater patient information to improve access to clinical trials,1 we have conducted research showing that engaging clinicians with local research and trial information is as critical to enabling participation as are public engagement and information provision.

Our study explored the perceptions, motivations, and barriers to trial participation among 1101 adult members of the public …
Medical Management of the Surgical Patient
Authors: Howard H. Weitz Md Facc Facp, Geno J. Merli Md Facp, Howard H. Weitz, Geno J. Merli
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

The new second edition of Medical Management of the Surgical Patient brings the latest information on the pre-, peri-, and post-operative medical care of the surgical patient. It delivers concise, problem-oriented discussions on assessment and management for the full range of disease processes affected by surgery.
In brief
Authors: R Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Treatments will increasingly be excluded from the NHS if they are judged to be of limited clinical effectiveness, not cost effective, or an inappropriate use of public funds, according to a new report on future healthcare funding.

And the concept of the NHS as a comprehensive service may now have outlived its usefulness, says the report, which urges a more open and honest approach to rationing.

The report also warns that, although public support for the principles of the …
Fatigue, sleep disturbance, disability, and indices of progression of HIV infection
Authors: D F Darko, J A McCutchan, D F Kripke, J C Gillin, S Golshan
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1992)

The authors' objective was to test the hypothesis that fatigue affects the activities and employment of subjects with HIV infection and that indices of immunosuppression and inflammation may have statistical utility in predicting fatigue and sleep disturbance.The authors prospectively asked 112 homosexual men (62 HIV-seropositive subjects and 50 HIV-seronegative comparison subjects) to complete a questionnaire on fatigue and sleep disturbance. In addition, hematocrit, WBC count, CD4+ cell number, lactate dehydrogenase, albumin, and total globulin were measured.For HIV-seropositive patients fatigue was significantly more of a problem and interfered more with important activities such as employment and driving than with seronegative comparison subjects. The HIV-infected patients were significantly more likely to be unemployed, to feel fatigued through more hours of the day, to sleep more, to nap more, and to have diminished midmorning alertness. The medical variables could be used to statistically predict fatigue, its interference with daily activities, and employment.Fatigue and sleep disturbances contribute to morbidity and disability in HIV-infected homosexual men, especially those in CDC stage IV (AIDS-related complex or AIDS). Correlation with measures of immunosuppression and inflammation and comparison between fatigued versus nonfatigued groups suggest the possibility of statistical prediction of fatigue by using these measures. Further study is needed to examine the possibility of eventual specific intervention to clinically treat HIV-related fatigue, sleepiness, and sleep disturbance.
Abstract 14334: Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography With Very Low Tube Voltage Reduces Radiation Dose and Maintains Image Quality
Authors: Melissa A Daubert, Mark Goldman, John Chen, Eric Feldmann, Summer Ferraro, Jeffrey Hellinger, Michael Poon
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) is increasingly used for the non-invasive evaluation of symptomatic coronary artery disease (CAD). However, potential risks of coronary ...
Shifts in the Antibiotic Susceptibility, Serogroups, and Clonal Complexes of Neisseria meningitidis in Shanghai, China: A Time Trend Analysis of the Pre-Quinolone and Quinolone Eras
Authors: Mingliang Chen, Qinglan Guo, Ye Wang, Ying Zou, Gangyi Wang, Xi Zhang, Xiaogang Xu, Miao Zhao, Fupin Hu, Di Qu, Min Chen, Minggui Wang
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2015)

Background Fluoroquinolones have been used broadly since the end of the 1980s and have been recommended for Neisseria meningitidis prophylaxis since 2005 in China. The aim of this study was to determine whether and how N. meningitidis antimicrobial susceptibility, serogroup prevalence, and clonal complex (CC) prevalence shifted in association with the introduction and expanding use of quinolones in Shanghai, a region with a traditionally high incidence of invasive disease due to N. meningitidis. Methods and Findings A total of 374 N. meningitidis isolates collected by the Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention between 1965 and 2013 were studied. Shifts in the serogroups and CCs were observed, from predominantly serogroup A CC5 (84%) in 1965–1973 to serogroup A CC1 (58%) in 1974–1985, then to serogroup C or B CC4821 (62%) in 2005–2013. The rates of ciprofloxacin nonsusceptibility in N. meningitidis disease isolates increased from 0% in 1965–1985 to 84% (31/37) in 2005–2013 (p < 0.001). Among the ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible isolates, 87% (27/31) were assigned to either CC4821 (n = 20) or CC5 (n = 7). The two predominant ciprofloxacin-resistant clones were designated ChinaCC4821-R1-C/B and ChinaCC5-R14-A. The ChinaCC4821-R1-C/B clone acquired ciprofloxacin resistance by a point mutation, and was present in 52% (16/31) of the ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible disease isolates. The ChinaCC5-R14-A clone acquired ciprofloxacin resistance by horizontal gene transfer, and was found in 23% (7/31) of the ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible disease isolates. The ciprofloxacin nonsusceptibility rate was 47% (7/15) among isolates from asymptomatic carriers, and nonsusceptibility was associated with diverse multi-locus sequence typing profiles and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns. As detected after 2005, ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible strains were shared between some of the patients and their close contacts. A limitation of this study is that isolates from 1986–2004 were not available and that only a small sample of convenience isolates from 1965–1985 were available. Conclusions The increasing prevalence of ciprofloxacin resistance since 2005 in Shanghai was associated with the spread of hypervirulent lineages CC4821 and CC5. Two resistant meningococcal clones ChinaCC4821-R1-C/B and ChinaCC5-R14-A have emerged in Shanghai during the quinolone era. Ciprofloxacin should be utilized with caution for the chemoprophylaxis of N. meningitidis in China.