tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Innovations in communication: the Internet and the psychology of vaccination decisions
Authors: C Betsch
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2011)

This paper provides a psychological perspective on the possible effect of the Internet on the decision against vaccination. The reported importance of the Internet in health decisions is still low, but rising; especially the amount of interactive use of the Internet is increasing, e.g. due to the use of social media. It is argued that the fact that individuals do not report the Internet to be an important source of information does not necessarily mean that the information obtained in their Internet searches is not influential in their decisions. Evidence is summarised here regarding the (anti-)vaccination information on the Internet, and its influence on risk perceptions and on vaccination intentions and behaviour in relation to the encoded information. The conclusion suggests that scholars should strive to explain the underlying processes and potential mediators of vaccination decisions to increase the effectiveness of health communication. In reference to a definition of evidence-based medicine, a great future challenge lies in evidence-based public health communication based on interdisciplinary research involving public health, medical research, communication science and psychology.
Clinical correlates of self-mutilation in borderline personality disorder
Authors: R A Dulit, M R Fyer, A C Leon, B S Brodsky, A J Frances
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1994)

This exploratory study sought demographic and clinical correlates of self-mutilation (self-injury without suicidal intent) in borderline personality disorder.Among 124 consecutively admitted inpatients with borderline personality disorder, there were 62 who did not mutilate themselves, 23 who mutilated themselves infrequently (fewer than five lifetime events), and 39 who mutilated themselves frequently (five or more lifetime events); each received ratings on numerous measures of psychopathology.Compared to nonmutilators, frequent mutilators were significantly more likely to be in outpatient treatment at the time of admission and had more weeks of prior outpatient and inpatient treatment; they were also more likely to receive comorbid diagnoses of current major depression, anorexia nervosa, and bulimia nervosa. Frequent mutilators had significantly higher group means on the Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation, were more likely to have attempted suicide, and were more likely to have attempted suicide more often than both infrequent mutilators and nonmutilators. The adjusted odds ratios from logistic regression analyses demonstrated that major depression, bulimia nervosa, number of prior suicide attempts, and acute suicidal ideation were each associated with greater risk of frequent mutilation.Borderline patients who frequently mutilate themselves may represent a subgroup of especially high utilizers of psychiatric treatment who are at particularly high risk for suicidal behavior and for comorbid major depression and eating disorders. Clinicians should consider aggressive treatment of comorbid axis I disorders and careful assessment of suicide risk in these patients.
Preliminary Report of a Community Survey of Panic Attacks and Panic Disorder
Authors: R F Stirton, S Brandon
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1988)

This study looked at the prevalence of panic attacks and panic disorder in a British population. Three thousand people (aged 18-65) registered with a Leicester general practice were sent a postal questionnaire which screened for panic attacks. Where appropriate this was followed by a diagnostic interview. Preliminary results are reported for the first 1500 subjects sampled. Panic attacks are a common experience in the study population (7.5% of responders experienced them around the time of the interview). Panic disorder was diagnosed in about 3% of responders.
Global impairment of brachial, carotid, and aortic vascular function in young smokers
Authors: Frank Wiesmann, Steffen E. Petersen, Paul M. Leeson, Jane M. Francis, Matthew D. Robson, Qian Wang, Robin Choudhury, Keith M. Channon, Stefan Neubauer
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Outlines of Practical Sanitation. For Students, Physicians and Sanitarians.
Authors: Harvey Brown Bashore
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prediction of nutritional status and intestinal tumor involvement in patients with primary or recurrent ovarian cancer: Results of a prospective study
Authors: M. Kuhberg, P. Skowronek, F. Chen, G. Oskay-Oezcelik, G. Oskay-Oezcelik, W. Lichtenegger, W. Lichtenegger, J. Sehouli
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

5570 Background: Global malnutrition is widespread among patients with ovarian cancer. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of the nutritional status on the clinical outcome of patients with primary or recurrent ovarian and peritoneal cancer. Methods: In a two-year-period (January 2007 - December 2008) 152 consecutive patients were analysed. 79 (52%) of them had primary and 73 (48%) recurrent disease. At the time of admission for surgical therapy, the body composition was analysed with Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) using phase angle alpha and ratio of extra-cellular mass and body cell mass (ECM/BCM). Serum protein parameters were registered. The risk of malnutrition was estimated by Nutritional Risk Score (NRS). During operation a standardised and validated tumor documentation tool (IMO) was performed. Nutritional parameters were correlated with IMO-parameters. Results: The median age of patients was 56 years (range 48–66) with median BMI 24.4 kg/m 2 (range 21.8–27.3). In 23% primary and 14% recurrent cases a high nutritional risk was classified (NRS≥3). These patients had significantly lower serum albumin, pre-albumin and transferrin levels compared to patients with NRS&lt;3 (p &lt; 0.05). FIGO stage and NRS correlated negatively with phase angle alpha and positively with ECM/BCM in patients with primary diagnosis (p &lt; 0.05). Patients with primary or recurrent disease who required surgical resection of small or large intestine, phase angle alpha and serum albumin level were significantly lower than in patients with no intestinal involvement (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusions: Independent of tumor stage, the preoperative evaluation of BIA, especially phase angle α, is a valid method to predict surgical outcome in patients with ovarian and peritoneal cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
A randomized controlled trial of filgrastim during remission induction and consolidation chemotherapy for adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: CALGB study 9111.
Authors: Richard A. Larson, Richard K. Dodge, Charles A. Linker, Richard M. Stone, Bayard L. Powell, Edward J. Lee, Philip Schulman, Frederick R. Davey, Stanley R. Frankel, Clara D. Bloomfield, Stephen L. George, Charles A. Schiffer
Journal: Blood (1998)
Diseases of the Rectum, Anus and Colon, Including the Ileocolic Angle, Appendix, Colon, Sigmoid Flexure, Rectum, Anus, Buttocks and Sacrococcygeal Region.
Authors: Samuel Goodwin Gant
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 19287: Circulating Osteoprotegerin Predicts Long-Term Outcome in STEMI-Patients Treated With Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Sune H Pedersen, Rasmus Mogelvang, Mette Bjerre, Allan Flyvbjerg, Soren Galatius, Tor B Sorensen, Allan Z Iversen, Soren Hoffman, Jan K Madsen, Jan S Jensen
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is a glycoprotein with a regulatory role in immune, skeletal and vascular systems. Data suggest that high circulating levels of OPG is associated with increased ri...
Abstract 4963: Cerebral Microvascular Damage in Elderly Depressed Patients is Associated With Structural and Functional Abnormalities of Subcutaneous Small Arteries
Authors: Adam Greenstein, Raghu Paranthaman, Rayaz Malik, Anthony M Heagerty, Alan Jackson, Alistair Burns, Robert C Baldwin
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Introduction : Late-life depression is increasingly viewed as a vascular illness with patients exhibiting characteristic white matter brain lesions and in-vivo endothelial dysfunction. Although the ‘vascular depression’ hypothesis pertains to the microvasculature, this circulation has yet to be studied. Methods and Results : 25 patients aged 72.6±5.4 years with late-life depression were compared with 21 control participants aged 72.4±6.5 years. The groups were matched for blood pressure, glycaemia, lipids, co-morbidities and treatment with statins and agents modifying the renin-angiotensin axis. Patients underwent MRI brain scan and a matched subset underwent subcutaneous gluteal fat biopsy (15 patients and 15 control participants) from which small arteries were isolated and studied using pressure myography. Depressed patients showed evidence of cerebral microvascular damage (MRI scan): Virchow Robin Scores- Patients:3.88±1.45 vs Controls:2.76±1.55, p=0.01, White Matter Lesions- Patients:342±748.1 vs Controls:202±881, p=ns. Small artery studies demonstrated endothelial dysfunction (Percentage relaxation: Patients:82±4% vs Controls:96±1.5%, p&lt;0.05) which was not completely explained by reduced nitric oxide synthase bioavailability (Relaxation after LNMMA incubation: Patients:67±5.6% vs Controls:83±11%, p&lt;0.05). Contractility to Nor-adrenaline was equivalent between the groups. There was also abnormal hypertrophic wall growth in depressed patients (Medial Cross sectional area: Patients:13294 μ m 2 vs Controls:10555 μ m 2 , p&lt;0.05, Growth Index: 26%), but no difference in arterial distensibility. Conclusions : Despite identical cardiovascular profiles, patients with late-life depression show profound abnormalities in both structure and function of small arteries, suggestive of deficiencies in local autoregulation. Although the arteries taken were from subcutaneous fat, our findings are in support of cerebral microvascular pathology in this condition.
A phase I pharmacological and pharmacodynamic study of MK-1775, a Wee1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in monotherapy and combination with gemcitabine, cisplatin, or carboplatin in patients with advanced solid tumors.
Authors: S. Leijen, J. H. Schellens, G. Shapiro, A. C. Pavlick, R. Tibes, T. Demuth, J. Viscusi, J. D. Cheng, Y. Xu, A. M. Oza
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

3067 Background: MK-1775 (MK) is an inhibitor of the Wee1 kinase regulating the G2 checkpoint leading to chemo-sensitization in p53 deficient tumor cells. Down-regulation of pCDC2 upon treatment with MK and chemotherapy serves as biomarker in this study. Methods: Evaluation of safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), and pharmacodynamics (PD) of MK administered PO as monotherapy and combination with gemcitabine (G), cisplatin (P), or carboplatin (C). Part 1 is a single dose of MK followed by 1 of 3 treatment arms in PART 2A: single MK dose in combination with: 1) 1,000 mg/m2 G, 2) 75 mg/m2 P, or 3) C AUC 5. In Part 2B, 5BID doses of MK are explored in the same 3 arms. Part 3 is a cohort expansion to confirm maximum tolerated dose (MTD). PD biomarkers include pCDC2 and Wee1 signature. Results: To date, 91 pts (41 in monotherapy, 50 in combination therapy) were treated with MK. No DLTs were observed in monotherapy; 7 (single dose) and 13 pts (multiple dose) experienced DLTs in combination therapy. Most common AEs are hematological, nausea/vomiting, fatigue. PK was linear from 25 to 1,300 mg MK. MTDs of MK in combination with G, C, P as a single dose and as multiple dose in combination with G were identified; dose finding with C and P is ongoing. Marker responses were observed in 3 melanoma, 1 pancreatic, and 3 ovarian cancer pts. 50% reduction of pCDC2 in mono and combination therapy and significant changes in Wee1 signature in monotherapy substantiate target engagement. Conclusions: MK is a first-in-class Wee1 inhibitor that is well tolerated in monotherapy and in combination with chemotherapy; it shows strong target engagement along with clinical and biomarker responses in previously treated pts. MK+G single dose MK+P single dose MK+C single dose MK+G multiple dose MK+P multiple dose MK+C multiple dose N 14 13 16 21 13 16 MTD 200 mg 200 mg 325 mg 50/25 mg* 125 mg** 225 mg** PR (%) 0 (0) 1 0 0 2 0 SD (%) 4 (28.6) 4 (30.8) 3 (18.8) 6 (28.6) 1 (7.7) 2 (12.5) Target engagement Y Y Y marginal Y Y Related AEs≥grade 3 (%) 5 (35.7) 4 (30.8) 1 (6.3) 12 (57.1) 4 (30.8) 6 (37.5) * 50 BID day 1, 25 mg BID day 2, 25 mg QD day 3. ** Tolerable, escalation ongoing at next dose level. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Merck Merck Merck
Abstract 17927: A Cumulative Family History Score is Associated with Greater Severity and Progression of Angiographic Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Muhammad Hammadah, Danny J Eapen, Ayman Samman Tahhan, Riyaz Patel, Ibrahim Kassas, Pankaj Manocha, Hatem Al Kassem, Mohamed Khayata, Ayman Alkhoder, Mohammad M Asfari, Heval M Kelli, Ravi Nanjundappa, Meera Shah, Michael Halista, Farah Hammadah, Emir Veledar, Laurence Sperling, Arshed A Quyyumi
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Introduction: A family history (FH) of coronary heart disease (CHD) is a significant risk factor for development of atherosclerosis. We sought to determine whether a greater number of affected firs...
Expression of Mer and Axl receptor tyrosine kinases in pediatric astrocytoma patients
Authors: A. K. Keating, S. Sather, A. Donson, J. Straessle, J.-Z. Cao, N. Foreman, D. K. Graham
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

1555 Background: Tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) are the second most common cause of pediatric cancer and are the leading cause of cancer related deaths. Great strides have been made in the diagnosis and treatment of many pediatric cancers using screening for molecular markers and genetic abnormalities. These unique markers are now being utilized as targets in biologically based therapies. Similar research progress has not been made in CNS tumors, and these cancers remain difficult to treat. Mer and Axl are receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) that are known to have transforming potential in vitro, and are over-expressed in many human cancers. Mer is not highly expressed in the human brain, but has been cloned from a glioblastoma cell line. Our objective is to evaluate the expression of Mer and Axl in pediatric astrocytoma patients to determine if these proteins serve as biologic markers. Methods: Tumor samples from pediatric patients with a diagnosis of astrocytoma (WHO grade I-IV) were obtained from the Neuro-oncology Tumor Bank at The Children’s Hospital, Denver (IRB approved). Affymetrix genechip analysis was performed to evaluate for Mer and Axl RNA transcript. Western Blot analysis was done using a Mer monoclonal antibody developed by our laboratory and a commercially available Axl antibody to evaluate protein expression. De-glycosylation with PNGase enzyme was done to differentiate unique Mer protein sizes. Results: Affymetrix screening showed significant levels of Mer and Axl transcript present in juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma (JPA) patients and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients. Western blot analysis showed Mer expression in 10/11 (91%) of the JPA patients, and 6/6 (100%) of the GBM patients. Similarly, Axl was detected in 10/11 of the JPA and 4/4 of the GBM patients. A single Axl protein was noted in all of the patients tested. However, Mer had two distinct sizes that were differentially expressed among the patients, which may reflect protein truncation or genetic mutation. Conclusions: Mer and Axl are transforming RTKs and have both RNA transcript and protein expression in pediatric astrocytoma patients. These RTKs may serve as biologic markers for improved diagnostic techniques and therapeutic targets. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Diabetes and the Endocrine Pancreas: A Biochemical Approach.
Authors: William Edward Montague
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

1. Introduction.- 2. Structure of the Endocrine Pancreas.- 3. Insulin Synthesis, Storage and Secretion.- 4. Insulin Action.- 5. Glucagon.- 6. Somatostatin.- 7. Pancreatic Polypeptide.- 8. Function of the Islets of Langerhans.- 9. Diabetes Mellitus.- 10. Diabetic Complications.
General Discussion of Diseases of the Spleen
Authors: John Tucker
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1927)

Article1 July 1927General Discussion of Diseases of the SpleenJOHN TUCKER, M.D.JOHN TUCKER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-1-1-17 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptBefore entering upon a discussion of certain pathological conditions of the body which are produced wholly or in part by abnormal changes in the spleen we must consider certain aspects of the anatomy and physiology of this organ. The large size of both the splenic artery and vein demonstrates that this organ is important as a hematopoietic or hemolytic structure. It has been asserted that at birth about 20 per cent of the portal blood comes from the spleen and in disease even a larger percentage of the hemo-fluid originates in this organ. As to its internal structure, we are...References(1) ASCHOFF L: Das retikulo-endotheliale System und seine Beziehungen zur Gallenfarbstoffbildung, Műn. med. Wchnschr., 1922, 69, 1352-1356. Google Scholar(2) BARCROFT J: Observations on taking up of carbon monoxide by haemoglobin in spleen, J. Physiol., 1923, lviii, 138-144. Physiology of the spleen, Lancet, 1925, i, 319-322. Recent work on functions of the spleen. Lancet, 1926, i, 544-547. CrossrefGoogle Scholar(3) PEARCEKrumbhaarFrazier RMEBCH, "The Spleen and Anaemia. Experimental and Clinical Studies," 1918. Google Scholar(4) MANNSheardBollman FCCJL, Evaluation of relative amounts of bilirubin found in liver, spleen and bone marrow, Am. J. Physiol., 1926, lxviii, 384-392. CrossrefGoogle Scholar(5) WHIPPLEHOOPER GHCW: Bile pigment metabolism, Am. J. Physiol., 1916, xl, 332, 359; 1916-17, xlii, 256, 264, 280, 544; 1917, xliii, 258, 275, 290. Google Scholar(6) AKIBA R: Proliferation of reticulo-endothelium in spleen and lymph nodes and its relation to leukemic diseases, Virchow's Arch. f. path. Anat., 1926, cclx, 262-270. CrossrefGoogle Scholar(7) Akiba R LETTERER: see , loc. cit. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Cleveland Clinic Cleveland, Ohio*Clinical discussion given before the American College of Physicians at the Cleveland Clinic, February 22-25, 1927. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1927Volume 1, Issue 1Page: 17-23KeywordsArteriesBirthBloodSpleenVeins Issue Published: 1 July 1927 PDF downloadLoading ...
Local variation in primary treatment of localized prostate cancer
Authors: M. R. Cooperberg, J. M. Broering, P. R. Carroll
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

5126 Background: We aimed to characterize and quantify variation in the primary management of localized prostate cancer at the level of clinical practice sites. Methods: Data were abstracted from patients accrued to the CaPSURE national prostate cancer registry. Patients were accrued from the 36 clinical practice sites which contributed at least 30 patients to the registry, and represented all those diagnosed since 1990 with localized disease who received radical prostatectomy (RP), external beam radiation therapy (EBRT), brachytherapy, active surveillance / watchful waiting (WW), or primary androgen deprivation therapy (PADT) were included. Descriptive analyses were performed, and a random effects logit hierarchical model was constructed, controlling for year of diagnosis, age, comorbidity, PSA, Gleason score, clinical T stage, and percent of biopsy cores positive, to estimate the proportion of variation in primary treatment selection explicable by practice site. Analyses were conducted for all patients and for low-risk patients (Gleason score ≤6, PSA ≤10 ng/ml, clinical stage ≤T2a). Results: 10,080 men were analyzed. The distribution among primary treatments at each clinical practice site varied widely: use of RP, for example, ranged from 12% to 95% of enrolled patients. Patterns of treatment are not reliably explained by patient risk distribution at each site. The proportion of variation attributable to clinical practice sites was 10% for PADT, 19% for WW, 21% for EBRT, 28% for RP, 37% for brachytherapy, and 75% for cryotherapy. For low-risk patients only, this proportion was higher for all treatment types except brachytherapy and cryotherapy. Only a small amount of the variation attributable to practice site can be explained by measured sociodemographic factors such as ethnicity, income, education, and geographic region. There are significant trends in treatments over time, including more use of PADT for intermediate- and high-risk patients, and more use of RP and WW for low-risk patients. Conclusions: These data do not represent a random sampling of the United States population. However, the significant variation in practice patterns across individual clinical sites suggests that factors other than patient clinical and sociodemographic factors may be driving selection of primary treatment. [Table: see text]