tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hepatic progenitor cell-originated ductular reaction facilitates liver fibrosis through activation of hedgehog signaling
Authors: Yonghong Hu, Xinyu Bao, Zheng Zhang, Long Chen, Yue Liang, Yan Qu, Qun Zhou, Xiaoxi Zhou, Jing Fang, Zhun Xiao, Yadong Fu, Hailin Yang, Wei Liu, Ying Lv, Hongyan Cao, Gaofeng Chen, Jian Ping, Hua Zhang, Yongping Mu, Chenghai Liu, Chao-Po Lin, Jian Wu, Ping Liu, Jiamei Chen
Journal: Theranostics (2024)

It is poorly understood what cellular types participate in ductular reaction (DR) and whether DR facilitates recovery from injury or accelerates hepatic fibrosis. The aim of this study is to gain insights into the role of hepatic progenitor cell (HPC)-originated DR during fibrotic progression.
Post hoc Analysis of Role of Etanercept in Ocular Sequelae of Stevens–Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
Authors: Li-Yen Pan, Chuang-Wei Wang, Tsung-Ying Tsai, Shin-Yi Chen, Kevin Sheng-Kai Ma, Wen-Hung Chung, Chun-Bing Chen, Chi-Chin Sun, Lung-Kun Yeh, Hung-Chi Chen, David Hui-Kang Ma
Journal: Ophthalmology (2024)
All-stage targeted red blood cell membrane-coated docetaxel nanocrystals for glioma treatment
Authors: Yuan Ding, Qianzhu Xu, Zhilan Chai, Sunyi Wu, Weixia Xu, Jun Wang, Jianfen Zhou, Zimiao Luo, Yu Liu, Cao Xie, Linwei Lu, Weiyue Lu
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2024)
Suicide in National Collegiate Athletic Association athletes: a 20-year analysis
Authors: Bridget M Whelan, Stephanie A Kliethermes, Kelly A Schloredt, Ashwin Rao, Kimberly G Harmon, Bradley J Petek
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2024)

Objectives To determine the incidence rate of suicide from 2002 to 2022 among athletes from the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and assess for potential differences by, sex, race, division and sport. Methods NCAA athlete deaths over a 20-year period from 2002 to 2022 were identified. Poisson regression models were built to assess changes in incidence rates over time. Linear and quadratic fits between year and suicide incidence for males and females were evaluated. Results Of 1102 total deaths, 128 (11.6%) deaths by suicide were reported (male n=98, female n=30). The overall incidence was 1:71 145 athlete-years (AYs). Over the last decade, suicide was the second most common cause of death after accidents. The proportion of deaths by suicide doubled from the first 10 years (7.6%) to the second 10 years (15.3%). The suicide incidence rate for males increased linearly (5-year incidence rate ratio 1.32 (95% CI 1.14 to 1.53)), whereas a quadratic association was identified among female athletes (p=0.002), with the incidence rate reaching its lowest point in females in 2010–2011 and increasing thereafter. Male cross-country athletes had the highest suicide incidence rate (1:29 815 AYs) and Division I and II athletes had a higher suicide incidence rate than Division III athletes. No significant differences in suicide incidence rates by sex, race or sport were identified. Conclusion Deaths by suicide among NCAA athletes increased in both males and females throughout the 20-year study period, and suicide is now the second most common cause of death in this population. Greater suicide prevention efforts geared towards NCAA athletes are warranted.
Autologous skin-grafting surgery with novel continuous liquid infusion stent for prevention of esophageal stenosis after complete circular endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection
Authors: Shengzhen Liu, Ningli Chai, Yunjuan Lin, Nanjun Wang, Longsong Li, Nan Zhang, Enqiang Linghu
Journal: Endoscopy (2024)

We usually prevent postoperative esophageal stenosis with autologous skin-grafting surgery for complete circular endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection (ccESTD) [1] [2]. However, the survival rate of skin grafts and the prevention of stenosis still need to be improved. Therefore, we used a novel liquid infusion stent for the prevention of esophageal stenosis after ccESTD.
Voucher incentives to improve viral suppression among HIV-positive people who inject drugs and men who have sex with men in India: a cluster randomised trial
Authors: Sunil S Solomon, Allison M McFall, Aylur K Srikrishnan, Vinita Verma, Santhanam Anand, Rifa T Khan, Bhawani Singh Kushwaha, Canjeevaram Vasudevan, Shanmugam Saravanan, Nandagopal Paneerselvam, Muniratnam Suresh Kumar, Chinmoyee Das, David D Celentano, Shruti H Mehta, Gregory M Lucas
Journal: The Lancet HIV (2024)
Alcohol and colorectal cancer risk, subclassified by mutational signatures of DNA mismatch repair deficiency
Authors: Aiping Fang, Tomotaka Ugai, Carino Gurjao, Rong Zhong, Zhenhua Liu, Xinyuan Zhang, Peilu Wang, Jonathan Nowak, Molin Wang, Marios Giannakis, Shuji Ogino, Xuehong Zhang, Edward Giovannucci
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2024)

We examined whether the association between alcohol consumption and colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence was stronger for tumors with higher contributions of defective mismatch repair (dMMR)-related tumor mutational signatures.
Targeting fusion oncoproteins in childhood cancers: challenges and future opportunities for developing therapeutics
Authors: Sharad K Verma, Keren L Witkin, Anu Sharman, Malcolm A Smith
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2024)

Fusion oncoproteins are associated with childhood cancers and have proven challenging to target, aside from those that include kinases. As part of its efforts for targeting childhood cancers, the National Cancer Institute recently conducted a series on Novel Chemical Approaches for Targeting Fusion Oncoproteins. Key learnings on leading platforms and technologies that can be used to advance the development of molecular therapeutics that target fusion oncoproteins in childhood cancers are described. Recent breakthroughs in medicinal chemistry and chemical biology provide new ground and creative strategies to exploit for the development of targeted agents for improving outcomes against these recalcitrant cancers.
Effects of tapering conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs to drug-free remission versus stable treatment in rheumatoid arthritis (ARCTIC REWIND): 3-year results from an open-label, randomised controlled, non-inferiority trial
Authors: Kaja E Kjørholt, Nina Paulshus Sundlisæter, Anna-Birgitte Aga, Joseph Sexton, Inge C Olsen, Hallvard Fremstad, Cristina Spada, Tor Magne Madland, Christian A Høili, Gunnstein Bakland, Åse Lexberg, Inger Johanne Widding Hansen, Inger Myrnes Hansen, Hilde Haukeland, Maud-Kristine Aga Ljoså, Ellen Moholt, Till Uhlig, Tore K Kvien, Daniel H Solomon, Désirée van der Heijde, Espen A Haavardsholm, Siri Lillegraven
Journal: The Lancet Rheumatology (2024)
The Lancet Commission on prostate cancer: planning for the surge in cases
Authors: Nicholas D James, Ian Tannock, James N'Dow, Felix Feng, Silke Gillessen, Syed Adnan Ali, Blanca Trujillo, Bissan Al-Lazikani, Gerhardt Attard, Freddie Bray, Eva Compérat, Ros Eeles, Omolara Fatiregun, Emily Grist, Susan Halabi, Áine Haran, Daniel Herchenhorn, Michael S Hofman, Mohamed Jalloh, Stacy Loeb, Archie MacNair, Brandon Mahal, Larissa Mendes, Masood Moghul, Caroline Moore, Alicia Morgans, Michael Morris, Declan Murphy, Vedang Murthy, Paul L Nguyen, Anwar Padhani, Charles Parker, Hannah Rush, Mark Sculpher, Howard Soule, Matthew R Sydes, Derya Tilki, Nina Tunariu, Paul Villanti, Li-Ping Xie
Journal: The Lancet (2024)
Reply to Mozaffaripour <i>et al.</i>: Dose Modulation, BMI and CT-Air Trapping
Authors: Clarus Leung, Sean B. Fain, Eric A. Hoffman, John V. Fahy
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2024)

"Reply to Mozaffaripour et al.: Dose Modulation, BMI and CT-Air Trapping." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 0(ja), pp.
The computational foundations of dynamic coding in working memory
Authors: Jake P. Stroud, John Duncan, Máté Lengyel
Journal: Trends in Cognitive Sciences (2024)

Working memory (WM) is a fundamental aspect of cognition. WM maintenance is classically thought to rely on stable patterns of neural activities. However, recent evidence shows that neural population activities during WM maintenance undergo dynamic variations before settling into a stable pattern. Although this has been difficult to explain theoretically, neural network models optimized for WM typically also exhibit such dynamics. Here, we examine stable versus dynamic coding in neural data, classical models, and task-optimized networks. We review principled mathematical reasons for why classical models do not, while task-optimized models naturally do exhibit dynamic coding. We suggest an update to our understanding of WM maintenance, in which dynamic coding is a fundamental computational feature rather than an epiphenomenon.
Blood RNA biomarkers for tuberculosis screening in people living with HIV before antiretroviral therapy initiation: a diagnostic accuracy study
Authors: Tiffeney Mann, Rishi K Gupta, Byron W P Reeve, Gcobisa Ndlangalavu, Aneesh Chandran, Amirtha P Krishna, Claire J Calderwood, Happy Tshivhula, Zaida Palmer, Selisha Naidoo, Desiree L Mbu, Grant Theron, Mahdad Noursadeghi
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2024)

Undiagnosed tuberculosis remains a major threat for people living with HIV. Multiple blood transcriptomic biomarkers have shown promise for tuberculosis diagnosis. We sought to evaluate their diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility for systematic pre-antiretroviral therapy (ART) tuberculosis screening.
The neuronal cilium – a highly diverse and dynamic organelle involved in sensory detection and neuromodulation
Authors: Nathalie Jurisch-Yaksi, Dagmar Wachten, Jay Gopalakrishnan
Journal: Trends in Neurosciences (2024)

Cilia are fascinating organelles that act as cellular antennae, sensing the cellular environment. Cilia gained significant attention in the late 1990s after their dysfunction was linked to genetic diseases known as ciliopathies. Since then, several breakthrough discoveries have uncovered the mechanisms underlying cilia biogenesis and function. Like most cells in the animal kingdom, neurons also harbor cilia, which are enriched in neuromodulatory receptors. Yet, how neuronal cilia modulate neuronal physiology and animal behavior remains poorly understood. By comparing ciliary biology between the sensory and central nervous systems (CNS), we provide new perspectives on the functions of cilia in brain physiology.
Phase II Trial of Cisplatin, Gemcitabine, and Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy for Locally Advanced Vulvar Squamous Cell Carcinoma: NRG Oncology/GOG Study 279
Authors: Neil S. Horowitz, Wei Deng, Ivy Peterson, Robert S. Mannel, Spencer Thompson, Elizabeth Lokich, Tashanna Myers, Parvis Hanjani, David M. O'Malley, Ki Young Chung, David S. Miller, Frederick R. Ueland, Don S. Dizon, Austin Miller, Jyoti S. Mayadev, Charles A. Leath, Bradley J. Monk
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2024)

PURPOSE To assess efficacy and toxicity of cisplatin (C) and gemcitabine (G) with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) in patients with locally advanced vulvar cancer not amenable to surgery. METHODS Patients enrolled in a single-arm phase II study. Pretreatment inguinal-femoral nodal assessment was performed. Sixty-four Gy IMRT was prescribed to the vulva, with 50-64 Gy delivered to the groins/low pelvis. Radiation therapy (RT) plans were quality-reviewed pretreatment. C 40 mg/m 2 and G 50 mg/m 2 were administered once per week throughout IMRT. Complete pathologic response (CPR) was the primary end point. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and adverse events were assessed with Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v 4.0. RESULTS Fifty-seven patients enrolled, of which 52 were evaluable. The median age was 58 years (range, 25-58), and 94% were White. Forty (77%) had stage II or III disease, and all had squamous histology. A median of six chemotherapy cycles (range, 1-8) were received. Eighty-five percent of RT plans were quality-reviewed with 100% compliance to protocol. Seven patients came off trial because of toxicity or patient withdrawal. Of 52 patients available for pathologic assessment, 38 (73% [90% CI, 61 to 83]) achieved CPR. No pelvic exenterations were performed. With a median follow-up of 51 months, the 12-month PFS was 74% (90% CI, 62.2 to 82.7) and the 24-month OS was 70% (90% CI, 57 to 79). The most common grade 3 or 4 adverse events were hematologic toxicity and radiation dermatitis. There was one grade 5 event unlikely related to treatment. CONCLUSION Weekly C and G concurrent with IMRT sufficiently improved CPR in women with locally advanced vulvar squamous cell carcinoma not amenable to surgical resection.
Prevalence and Cancer-Specific Patterns of Functional Disability Among US Cancer Survivors, 2017-2022
Authors: Chao Cao, Lin Yang, Kathryn H. Schmitz, Jennifer A. Ligibel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2024)

PURPOSE To examine the prevalence and cancer-specific patterns of functional disabilities among US cancer survivors. METHODS Data from 47,768 cancer survivors and 2,432,754 noncancer adults age 18 years and older from the 2017 to 2022 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were analyzed. Functional disabilities assessed included mobility disability (ie, serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs) and self-care disability (ie, self-reported difficulty dressing or bathing). Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the associations between functional disabilities and sociodemographic, lifestyle, and health-related factors. RESULTS Cancer survivors tended to be older and non-Hispanic White than noncancer adults. The prevalence of mobility disability (27.9% v 13.4%) and self-care disability (7.4% v 3.8%) were higher among cancer survivors compared with noncancer adults. After multivariable adjustments, cancer survivors were more likely to report mobility (odds ratio [OR], 1.21 [95% CI, 1.16 to 1.26]) and self-care (OR, 1.19 [95% CI, 1.10 to 1.29]) disability than noncancer adults. The prevalence of mobility (34.9% v 26.3%) and self-care disability (9.8% v 6.7%) was higher in cancer survivors who were receiving active cancer treatment than in those who had completed cancer treatment. Higher prevalence of mobility and self-care disabilities was observed in cancer survivors who were racial/ethnic minorities and with higher BMI, low physical activity, lower levels of education and/or income, comorbidities, and those experiencing cancer/treatment-related pain. Patterns of mobility and self-care disabilities varied across cancer types. CONCLUSION Over a quarter of US cancer survivors reported mobility disability, and nearly 10% reported self-care disability, with patterns varying across cancer types and treatment status. Racial/ethnic minorities, along with underserved groups and individuals with unhealthy lifestyles or comorbidities, were notably more affected by functional disabilities, underscoring the need for targeted disability prevention efforts.
Zwitterionic Strategy to Stabilize Self‐Immolative Polymer Nanoarchitecture under Physiological pH for Drug Delivery In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: Shahidkhan Pathan, Manickam Jayakannan
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

The major bottleneck in using polymer nanovectors for biomedical application, particularly those based on self-immolative poly(amino ester) (PAE), lies in their uncontrolled autodegradation at physiological pH before they can reach the intended target. Here, an elegant triblock-copolymer strategy is designed to stabilize the unstable PAE chains via zwitterionic interactions under physiological pH (pH 7.4) and precisely program their enzyme-responsive biodegradation specifically within the intracellular compartments, ensuring targeted delivery of the cargoes. To achieve this goal, biodegradable polycaprolactone (PCL) platform is chosen, and structure-engineered several di- and triblock architectures to arrive the precise macromolecular geometry. The hydrophobic-PCL core and hydrophilic anionic-PCL block at the periphery shield PAEs against autodegradation, thereby ensuring stability under physiological pH in PBS, FBS, cell culture medium and bloodstream. The clinical anticancer drug doxorubicin and deep-tissue penetrable near-infrared IR-780 biomarker is encapsulated to study their biological actions by in vitro live cancer cells and in vivo bioimaging in live animals. These zwitterions are biocompatible, nonhemolytic, and real-time in vitro live-cell confocal studies have confirmed their internalization and enzymatic biodegradation in the endo-lysosomal compartments to deliver the payload. In vivo bioimaging establishes their prolonged blood circulation for over 72 h, and the biodistribution analysis reveals the accumulation of nanoparticles predominantly in the excretory organs.
Optimization of lipid nanoparticles for gene editing of the liver via intraduodenal delivery
Authors: Yining Zhu, Shuting Sarah Cai, Jingyao Ma, Leonardo Cheng, Christine Wei, Ataes Aggarwal, Wu Han Toh, Charles Shin, Ruochen Shen, Jiayuan Kong, Shuming Alan Mao, Yeh-Hsing Lao, Kam W. Leong, Hai-Quan Mao
Journal: Biomaterials (2024)
Immunogenetic Diversity and Cancer Immunotherapy Disparities
Authors: Noel F.C.C. de Miranda, Ferenc A. Scheeren
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2024)

Summary: The success of checkpoint blockade cancer immunotherapies has unequivocally confirmed the critical role of T cells in cancer immunity and boosted the development of immunotherapeutic strategies targeting specific antigens on cancer cells. The vast immunogenetic diversity of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I alleles across populations is a key factor influencing the advancement of HLA class I–restricted therapies and related research and diagnostic tools.
Neural Correlates of Motor/Tactile Imagery and Tactile Sensation: A High-density EEG Imaging Study
Authors: Huan Wen, Yucun Zhong, Lin Yao, Yueming Wang
Journal: Cyborg and Bionic Systems (2024)

Complementary to brain–computer interface (BCI) based on motor imagery (MI) task, sensory imagery (SI) task provides a way for BCI construction using brain activity from somatosensory cortex. The underlying neurophysiological correlation between SI and MI was unclear and difficult to measure through behavior recording. In this study, we investigated the underlying neurodynamic of motor/tactile imagery and tactile sensation tasks through a high-density electroencephalogram (EEG) recording, and EEG source imaging was used to systematically explore the cortical activation differences and correlations between the tasks. In the experiment, participants were instructed to perform the left and right hand tasks in MI paradigm, sensory stimulation (SS) paradigm and SI paradigm. The statistical results demonstrated that the imagined MI and SI tasks differed from each other within ipsilateral sensorimotor scouts, frontal and right temporal areas in α bands, whereas real SS and imagined SI showed a similar activation pattern. The similarity between SS and SI may provide a way to train the BCI system, while the difference between MI and SI may provide a way to integrate the discriminative information between them to enhance BCI performance. The combination of the tasks and its underlying neurodynamic would provide a new approach for BCI designation for a wider application. BCI studies concentrate on the hybrid decoding method combining MI or SI with SS, but the underlining neurophysiological correlates between them were unclear. MI and SI differed from each other within the ipsilateral sensorimotor cortex in alpha bands. This is a first study to investigate the neurophysiological relationship between MI and SI through an EEG source imaging approach from high-density EEG recording.
Cryogel microcarriers for sustained local delivery of growth factors to the brain
Authors: Abrar Hakami, Kaushik Narasimhan, Giulia Comini, Julian Thiele, Carsten Werner, Eilís Dowd, Ben Newland
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2024)

Neurotrophic growth factors such as glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) have been considered as potential therapeutic candidates for neurodegenerative disorders due to their important role in modulating the growth and survival of neurons. However, clinical translation remains elusive, as their large size hinders translocation across the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and their short half-life in vivo necessitates repeated administrations. Local delivery to the brain offers a potential route to the target site but requires a suitable drug-delivery system capable of releasing these proteins in a controlled and sustained manner. Herein, we develop a cryogel microcarrier delivery system which takes advantage of the heparin-binding properties of GDNF and BDNF, to reversibly bind/release these growth factors via electrostatic interactions. Droplet microfluidics and subzero temperature polymerization was used to create monodisperse cryogels with varying degrees of negative charge and an average diameter of 20 μm. By tailoring the inclusion of 3-sulfopropyl acrylate (SPA) as a negatively charged moiety, the release duration of these two growth factors could be adjusted to range from weeks to half a year. 80% SPA cryogels and 20% SPA cryogels were selected to load GDNF and BDNF respectively, for the subsequent biological studies. Cell culture studies demonstrated that these cryogel microcarriers were cytocompatible with neuronal and microglial cell lines, as well as primary neural cultures. Furthermore, in vivo studies confirmed their biocompatibility after administration into the brain, as well as their ability to deliver, retain and release GDNF and BDNF in the striatum. Overall, this study highlights the potential of using cryogel microcarriers for long-term delivery of neurotrophic growth factors to the brain for neurodegenerative disorder therapeutics.
Neutrophil-mediated innate immune resistance to bacterial pneumonia is dependent on Tet2 function
Authors: Candice Quin, Erica N. DeJong, Elina K. Cook, Yi Zhen Luo, Caitlyn Vlasschaert, Sanathan Sadh, Amy J.M. McNaughton, Marco M. Buttigieg, Jessica A. Breznik, Allison E. Kennedy, Kevin Zhao, Jeffrey Mewburn, Kimberly J. Dunham-Snary, Charles C.T. Hindmarch, Alexander G. Bick, Stephen L. Archer, Michael J. Rauh, Dawn M.E. Bowdish
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2024)

Individuals with clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) are at increased risk of aging related health conditions and all-cause mortality, but whether CHIP impacts risk of infection is much less clear. Using UK Biobank data, we revealed a positive association between CHIP and incident pneumonia in 438,421 individuals. We show that inflammation enhanced pneumonia risk, as CHIP carriers with a hypomorphic IL6 receptor polymorphism were protected. To better characterize the pathways of susceptibility, we challenged hematopoietic Tet Methylcytosine Dioxygenase 2 knockout (Tet2–/–) and floxed control mice (Tet2f/f) with Streptococcus pneumoniae. As with human CHIP carriers, Tet2–/– mice had hematopoietic abnormalities resulting in the expansion of inflammatory monocytes and neutrophils in peripheral blood. Yet, these cells were insufficient in defending against S. pneumoniae and resulted in increased pathology, impaired bacterial clearance, and higher mortality in Tet2–/– mice. We delineated the transcriptional landscape of Tet2–/– neutrophils and found that while inflammation-related pathways were upregulated in Tet2–/– neutrophils, migration and motility pathways were compromised. Using live-imaging techniques, we demonstrated impairments in motility, pathogen uptake and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation by Tet2–/– neutrophils. Collectively, we show that CHIP is a risk factor for bacterial pneumonia related to innate immune impairments.