tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 11133: Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in Elementary and Middle School Students in the Era of Public-Access Defibrillation: A Retrospective, Nationwide, Hospital-Based Survey in Japan
Authors: Yoshihide Mitani, Kunio Ohta, Fukiko Ichida, Masaki Nii, Tsutomu Takahashi, Hirofumi Sawada, Hiroyuki Ohashi, Noriko Yodoya, Shoichiro Otsuki, Yoshio Arakaki, Hiroya Ushinohama, Shigeru Tateno, Seiichi Sato, Tsugutoshi Suzuki, Takashi Higaki, Mari Iwamoto, Masao Yoshinaga, Naokata Sumitomo
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background:  Out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) in elementary and middle school students in the era of public-access AED is uncharacterized.   Methods:  We conducted a nationwide, retrospective, hospital-based survey of such students who had OHCA of cardiac origin and received pre-hospital CPR during 2005-9 in Japan.   Results:  58 cases (median age:12yo, male ratio:63.8%) were recruited: 89.7% were witnessed by bystanders; 85.7% had ventricular fibrillation (VF) as the initial rhythm; 74.1% received bystander CPR; 75.8% received AED-based pre-hospital defibrillation (51.7% by emergency medical service personnel and 24.1% by bystanders). As the outcome, 53.4% exhibited a favorable neurological outcome 1 month after OHCA, defined as cerebral performance category 1 or 2 (CPC1-2). Underlying cardiac diseases included congenital heart diseases (CHD) (n=10), myocardial diseases, including 8 hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) (18), arrhythmic disorders, including 9 long QT and 3 CPVT (17), coronary anomaly (7) and undiagnosed ones (6). The proportion of VF among these disease categories was comparable. OHCA at school accounted for 55.2%. In univariate and multivariate analyses, an arrest at school was associated with CPC1-2 (68.8 vs 34.6% out of school, p=.017), and independently associated with CPC1-2 (p   Conclusions:  An arrest at school was associated with exercise and bystander9s AED use, and was independently associated with CPC1-2. School-based AED, and management of followed-up cases, may have complementary roles in optimizing outcomes in overall school students after OHCA.
Abstract 15400: The Effects of High-Dose Statin Compared to the Combination of Low-dose Statin and Ezetimibe on Postprandial Lipids and Endothelial Function in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Jan Westerink, John E Deanfield, Ben P Imholz, John J Kastelein, Dick C Basart, Blai Coll, Frank L Visseren
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Lowering LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) with statins reduces cardiovascular risk and mortality in both high- and low-risk patients. Low-dose statin therapy in combination with ezetimibe, an inhibitor of i...
Abstract 15431: Class Ia PI 3-kinase Isoforms in Vascular Remodeling: Only p110alpha is Important
Authors: Marius Vantler, Olli Leppaenen, Joana Jesus, Eva Berghausen, Mario Zierden, Henrik ten Freyhaus, Evren Caglayan, Stephan Baldus, Stephan Rosenkranz
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) induced proliferation and migration of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) are essential for vascular remodeling. RTK-induced responses are largely mediated by activation of class IA PI 3-kinase (PI3K) isoforms. Class IA PI3Ks comprise one of three different catalytic isoforms (p110alpha, p110beta, p110delta). Here, we sought to clarify, which p110 subunits contribute to neointima formation following balloon injury.  Western blot of lysates from human, mouse and rat SMCs revealed that p110alpha, p110beta, and p110delta are expressed in these cells. However, co-immunoprecipitation experiments using an antibody against the PDGF beta receptor indicate that only p110alpha and p110delta bind to the activated receptor. p110beta signals downstream of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR) as p110beta inhibition by TGX-221 (1μM) completely abrogated LPA (GPCR agonist) induced AKT activation downstream of PI3K. TGX-221 had no influence on PDGF induced AKT activation. Inhibition (PIK75, 500 nM) or siRNA mediated knockdown of p110alpha completely abrogated PDGF mediated proliferation (BrdU incorporation assay) and migration (modified Boyden-chamber) of SMCs. p110beta (TGX221, 3μM) and p110delta (IC87114, 3μM) inhibition had no influence. However, siRNA mediated knockdown of p110delta significantly reduced PDGF induced SMC proliferation without effecting SMC migration. As expected, siRNA against p110beta was noneffective. By means of SMC-specific p110alpha deficient mice and p110delta knockout mice, we analysed in vivo the relevance of p110alpha and p110delta for restenosis formation following balloon angioplasty. The extent of neointima formation was quantified 4 weeks following balloon angioplasty of carotid arteries from wild-type (WT) and p110alpha ko as well as from WT and p110delta ko mice (n=7, respectively). Whereas p110alpha deficiency largely suppressed neointima formation (p  In conclusion, our results indicate that the p110alpha subunit of PI3K, is crucial for growth factor-mediated proliferation and migration of SMCs in restonosis following balloon angioplasty. Therefore, p110alpha represents a promising therapeutic target.
Abstract 9184: Reduction in Mortality among Patients with Left Bundle Branch Block Treated with Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy: Results from the MADIT-CRT Trial
Authors: Robert E Goldstein, Ronald J Krone, Mark C Haigney, Scott A McNitt, Arthur J Moss
Journal: Circulation (2011)

MADIT-CRT demonstrated a reduction in a composite endpoint, first occurrence of worsening heart failure or death, in mildly symptomatic patients with advanced left ventricular dysfunction receiving cardiac resynchronization therapy combined with an ICD (CRT-D) relative to similar patients receiving only an ICD in an average 2.4 year follow-up. Mortality in the short-term follow-up was not different between treatment groups. With additional follow-up, averaging 3.6 years since device implant, 191 deaths occurred among the 1820 enrollees. Among all study patients and among the 536 patients with baseline conduction defects other than left bundle branch block (LBBB), death rates were still not different in subjects receiving CRT-D or ICD. Among the 70% of patients with left bundle branch block (LBBB; n=1281) at baseline, extended follow-up revealed a statistically significant reduction in death (p=0.047) in patients receiving CRT-D relative to those receiving ICD alone (see Kaplan-Meier graph). The Forest plot shows the consistency of reduction in mortality with CRT-D therapy in almost all LBBB subgroups, especially in females. In conclusion, extended follow-up in MADIT-CRT showed that CRT-D reduced mortality in mildly symptomatic patients with LBBB, sinus rhythm, EF ≤30%, and QRS≥130 msec. This life-saving benefit of CRT-D was evident in almost all LBBB subgroups, but it was not seen in any of the subgroups of patients without LBBB.
Abstract 8438: Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption and Incident Cardiovascular Risk Factors: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)
Authors: Christina M Shay, Jennifer A Nettleton, Pamela L Lutsey, Tamar S Polonsky, Mercedes R Carnethon, Cheeling Chan, Linda Van Horn, Gregory L Burke
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption has been associated with obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Data reporting associations between SSB intake and incident cardiovascular (CV) risk factors in large, ethnically diverse prospective cohorts are sparse. OBJECTIVE: To quantify associations between SSB consumption and risk of incident CV risk factors in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Methods: SSB consumption was assessed by food frequency questionnaire at baseline (2000-2002) in 4,166 African American, Caucasian, Chinese, and Hispanic adults (45-84 years) without baseline clinical CV disease. Incident CV risk factors were identified at three follow-up exams (2002-2003, 2004-2005, and 2005-2007) and included weight gain (&gt;3% higher than baseline); increased waist circumference (WC) (&gt;3% higher than baseline); low HDL (HDL &lt;40mg/dL [men] &lt;50mg/dL [women), LDL &lt;160mg/dL, and triglycerides (TG) 40mg/dL [men], &gt;50mg/dL [women], LDL 150mg/dL; impaired fasting glucose (IFG) (FG 101-126 mg/dL) and T2D (FG&gt;126 mg/dL or diabetes medication use). Except in T2D analyses, participants with diabetes were excluded and participants on lipid lowering medications were excluded from lipid analyses. Hazard ratios (95% CI) were estimated and adjusted for demographics, intentional exercise, dietary confounders (including energy intake) and baseline traditional CV risk factors. RESULTS: Compared to SSB consumption of &lt;1 serving/day, intake of 2+ servings/day was significantly associated with greater risk for incident increased WC, hypertriglyceridemia and IFG among women; associations which were not observed in men (Figure 1). Conclusions: The metabolic influence of SSBs is complex and is not homogenous between men and women. Women exhibit lower energy requirements compared to men and therefore experience higher CV risk when a greater proportion of calories is consumed in the form of SSBs.
Abstract 1301: Hypertension Improvement Project (HIP): Randomized Trial of Quality Improvement for Physicians and Lifestyle Modification for Patients
Authors: Laura P Svetkey, Kathryn I Pollak, William S Yancy, Rowena J Dolor, Bryan C Batch, Greg Samsa, David B Matchar, Pao-Hwa Lin
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Despite widely publicized hypertension treatment guidelines for physicians (MDs) and lifestyle recommendations for patients (Pts), blood pressure (BP) control rates remain low. In community-based p...
Invasive Colorectal Cancer Detected up to 3 Years after a Colonoscopy Negative for Cancer
Authors: O Hosokawa, S Shirasaki, Y Kaizaki, H Hayashi, K Douden, M Hattori
Journal: Endoscopy (2003)

Background and Study Aims: Colonoscopy has replaced barium enema as the primary method for direct diagnosis of colorectal cancer, but detection may fail, and the reasons for this are not completely understood. Patients and Methods: In order to analyze the accuracy of colonoscopy for detecting invasive colorectal cancer, 7365 colonoscopic examinations were matched with the most accurate local government population-based cancer registry in Japan. Results: In 15 colonoscopic examinations, patients were not diagnosed as having invasive colorectal cancer, but disease of this type was detected within 3 years of the examinations (false-negative examinations). During the same period, 233 colonoscopies were identified as true-positive examinations. The false-negative rate for detecting invasive colorectal cancer with colonoscopy was 6 % at 3 years. The false-negative rate was significantly higher in individuals between 60 and 69 years of age and in invasive cancers located to the right of the splenic flexure. Conclusions: Colonoscopists should receive adequate training in achieving easy cecal intubation, detecting small or flat lesions, and carrying out adequate biopsies.
Abstract 10619: Hyperuricemia Associated With the Future Atrial Fibrillation in Normotensive Elderly
Authors: Shao-Yuan Chuang, Chih-Cheng Wu, Pai-Feng Hsu, Rosalind Chia-Yu Chen, Wen-Ling Liu, Wen-Harn Pan
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of major cardiovascular disease in elderly population. The association between hyperuricemia and AF is unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the prospective relationship between uric acid and development of AF in a national representative elderly cohort. Material and methods A total of 1485 elderly (Age ≥ 65 yrs) from the Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwanese Elderly (1999-2000) were examined by ECG and without atrial fibrillation. The ascertainments of atrial fibrillation incident (ICD-9-CM: 427.31) were identified using data of the National Health Insurance Dataset. The hyperuricemia was defined by the levels of uric acid more than 7.0 mg/dL for men and 6.0 mg/dL for women. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to evaluate the association between hyperuricemia and atrial fibrillation. Results The follow-up period was from 1999-2000 to 2008. During the follow-up period (median: 9.16 yrs), 90 atrial fibrillation (AF) events occurred (44 for Men and 46 for women). Older age, elevated systolic blood pressure, ex-smoking and high uric acid were positively associated with development of atrial fibrillation. Furthermore, we found that the hyperuricemia was positively associated with development of atrial fibrillation in normal blood pressure (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.81 and 95% confidence intervals: 1.11-7.08), nut not (1.23: 0.76-1.99) in elevated blood pressure (systolic blood pressure >=130 or diastolic blood pressure >=85 or using hypertensive medicine). The significant association between hyperuricemia and atrial fibrillation (3.59; 1.23-10.46) did not change in the model with adjusting for other potential confounders among older persons with normal blood pressure. Conclusion Hyperuricemia was associated with development of Atrial fibrillation in the elderly with normal blood pressure.
学习《睡眠呼吸暂停与心血管疾病专家共识》促进学科整合与发展
Authors: 何权瀛, 陈宝元, 张希龙
Journal: BMJ (2010)

健康人体的生命活动是通过各器官各系统的协调合作完成，一个器官和系统出现问题必然会影响到全身其他的器官和系统，尽管理论上不会有人反对这一观点，但面对患者疾病表现时却不是人人都能以整体观去认识问题。拆除医学学科间、专业间的“围墙”，整合、融合、互补是医学发展的必然，《睡眠呼吸暂停与心血管疾病专家共识》专家组的专家做出了有益的尝试。以往我刊所登文章中对这一理念也多有体现，这期组织了一组文章，邀请专家集中对睡眠呼吸暂停这一呼吸系统疾病与心血管疾病、糖尿病和脑血管疾病间的关系加以论述。实现多学科协作，研究不同系统疾病之间关联与影响，不仅对认识疾病和医学发展具有重要意义，对有效医治患者更为必要，也正符合全科医学的理念。
Anti-CD20 and B-Cell Receptor-Mediated Growth Inhibition and Apoptosis: A Preclinical Study of Ibrutinib and Rituximab Combination Therapy in Mantle Cell Lymphoma in Vitro and in Vivo
Authors: Liang Zhang, Hui Zhang, Donglu Zhao, George Tsourdinis, Hyebin Park, Archito T. Tamayo, Lan V Pham, Richard J Ford, Bingliang Fang, Michael Wang
Journal: Blood (2014)
Abstract 17312: Non-invasive Predictors of Cardiac Outcomes in Adults With Ebstein Anomaly
Authors: Yumi Shiina, Koichiro Niwa, Wei Li, Riikka Rydman, Hideki Uemura, Dudley Pennell, Philip Kilner, Michael A Gatzoulis, Sonya Babu-Narayan
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Aim: To evaluate the value of modern non-invasive diagnostic testing in prediction of cardiac events in Ebstein anomaly. Methods: 105 consecutive adults [aged 39.4±15.8 (18-83) years, 52 male] with...
Methemoglobinemia
Authors: Ali Mansouri, Aubrey A. Lurie
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1993)

Abstract The ferrous iron of hemoglobin is exposed continuously to high concentrations of oxygen and, thereby, is oxidized slowly to methemoglobin, a protein unable to carry oxygen. To restore hemoglobin function, methemoglobin (ferrihemoglobin) must be reduced to hemoglobin (ferrohemoglobin). Under physiological conditions, methemoglobin reduction is accomplished mainly by red cell NADH‐cytochrome b 5 reductase (NADH‐methemoglobin reductase) so efficiently that there is insignificant amounts of methemoglobin in the circulating blood. However, should methemoglobin formation be increased—e.g., due to the presence of oxidant drugs, or an abnormal methemoglobin not amenable to reduction (hemoglobin M), or a deficiency in red cell cytochrome b 5 reductase—methemoglobinemia will result. Most methemoglobinemias have no adverse clinical consequences and need not be treated. Under certain conditions, such as exposure to large amounts of oxidant or in young infants, rapid treatment is necessary. In hereditary cytochrome b 5 deficiency, treatment is often directed at improving the poor cosmetic effect of persistent cyanosis with the minimum amount of drugs to give satisfactory clinical results. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Abstract 9259: Upregulation of Cardiac Urotensin II (UII) Exacerbates UII Stimulation-Induced Negative Modulation on Myocyte Contractile Function and Ca2+ Current in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Heng-Jie Cheng, Peng Zhou, Weixin Zhao, Nadeem Wajih, Qing-Hua Han, William C Little, Che Ping Cheng
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background. Urotensin II (U-II), a somatostatin-like peptide is a potent vasoconstrictor. It has been implicated in metabolic regulation. In diabetes mellitus (DM) patients, circulating UII levels ...
Abstract 156: Enhancing QRS Detection Using the Automated Electrocardiogram Selection of Peaks (AESOP) Algorithm
Authors: Nehemiah T Liu, William L Baker, Andriy I Batchinsky, Jose Salinas, Leopoldo C Cancio
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background:  Real-time heart-rate-complexity and -variability (HRC, HRV) analysis in critically ill or injured patients will require accurate, automated detection of QRS complexes. Despite the fact that numerous QRS detection algorithms now exist, accurate detection remains a practical challenge. Through machine learning and fusion, we combined the strengths of several best QRS detection algorithms in order to develop a more optimal real-time solution to the QRS detection problem.   Methods:  We implemented several best QRS detection algorithms — Hamilton-Tompkins, Afonso-Tompkins-Nguyen-Luo, Suppappola-Sun, and Christov algorithms — in software, and applied machine learning in order to fuse their outputs. Fusion commences with these 4 algorithms as inputs and returns final decisions as outputs in approximate real time. Central to the fusion scheme, the algorithm selects the mode R-R interval (RRI), or, alternatively, the RRI closest to the mean value of the previous 7 RRIs within a given time frame. We call this fusion process and resulting algorithm the Automated Electrocardiogram Selection of Peaks (AESOP) algorithm. We validated all results by testing records against human-verified RRIs, and consequently, R wave peaks.   Results:  Our algorithm required less than 6 seconds to analyze one half-hour record of the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database on an Intel® Core™ Duo CPU E7500 at 2.93 GHz. For 48 records in this database, the AESOP algorithm achieved a sensitivity ( Se ) of 93.8% and a positive predictive value ( +P ) of 97.5%, thereby outperforming each of its component algorithms. In addition, for 60 trauma patient records produced at the U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research (USAISR), the AESOP algorithm achieved an overall  Se  of 99.2% and a  +P  of 99.4%.   Conclusions:  By fusing several best QRS detection algorithms, AESOP employs the strengths of each algorithm and develops a more robust and optimal real-time solution to the problem of detecting QRS complexes within an ECG signal, especially in an ambulatory or hospital environment. Following validation in larger patient datasets, AESOP will now be integrated into a real-time HRC and HRV software program for decision support and triage in critically ill and trauma patients.
Homogeneous, bioluminescent assays for proteasome activity
Authors: Martha A. O’Brien, Richard A. Moravec, Terry Riss, Michael A. Scurria, William J. Daily, Dieter H. Klaubert, Keith V. Wood, Robert F. Bulleit
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 47, 2006

1361 

Protein degradation is mediated predominantly through the ubiquitin proteasome pathway. The importance of the proteasome in regulating degradation of proteins involved in cell cycle control, apoptosis, and angiogenesis led to the recognition of the proteasome as a therapeutic target for cancer. The first generation proteasome inhibitor, bortezomib, is now an approved drug for the treatment of multiple myeloma. Peptide-conjugated fluorophores are widely used as substrates for monitoring proteasome activity, but fluorogenic substrates can exhibit significant background and can be problematic for screening due to interference from test compounds. To address these issues, we developed a homogeneous, bioluminescent method that combines peptide-conjugated aminoluciferin substrates and a stabilized luciferase. We first developed this method for monitoring caspase activities and have now developed homogeneous, bioluminescent assays for all three proteasome activities. We use Suc-LLVY-aminoluciferin, Z-LRR-aminoluciferin, and Z-nLPnLD-aminoluciferin to monitor the chymotrypsin-like, trypsin-like, and caspase-like activities of the proteasome, respectively. The luminogenic assays showed increased dynamic range and improved detection sensitivity compared to the analogous fluorogenic assays. In addition, the luminescent assays rapidly attained maximum signal and held stable light emission, allowing for assay flexibility. We have applied this technology to a cell-based assay using the Suc-LLVY-aminoluciferin substrate in combination with a selective membrane permeabilization step. The cell-based assay does not require lysate preparation and enables measurement of proteasome activity in a more physiologically relevant environment. The assay has been tested on numerous cell lines and has been shown to monitor proteasome activity that is inhibited by lactacystin and epoximicin. The proteasome assays are designed in a simple “add and read” format and have been tested in 96 and 384-well formats. The homogeneous, luminogenic protease assay format was at least 10-fold more sensitive than fluorogenic assays using comparable substrates for several proteases. The bioluminescent, coupled-enzyme format enables sensitive and rapid protease assays ideal for high-throughput screening.
Abstract 2434: Long-Term Survival After Termination of Ventricular Tachyarrhythmia by an Implanted Defibrillator in a Primary Prevention Population
Authors: Alawi A Alsheikh-Ali, Benjamin Kalsmith, Kevin J Makati, Jonathan Weinstock, Munther K Homoud, N. A. Mark Estes, Mark S Link
Journal: Circulation (2007)

BACKGROUND: In patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) is effective in preventing sudden death by terminating potentially l...
Abstract #5120: Regulation of death receptor-mediated apoptosis by the RING-Finger E3 ligase Siah2
Authors: Perry Christian, Steven Schwarze
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

AACR Annual Meeting-- Apr 18-22, 2009; Denver, CO

A functioning ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is essential for a number of diverse cellular processes and maintenance of overall cellular homeostasis. The goal of this study is to identify the specific UPS machinery responsible for the regulation of the extrinsic apoptotic pathway. Using an RNAi-mediated screen for all E3 ubiquitin ligases in the human genome, we have identified the E3 ligase Siah2 to be a negative regulator of caspase-8 activity upon induction of the extrinsic apoptotic pathway by TRAIL. To confirm Siah2 can function in death receptor-mediated apoptosis, we first modulated Siah2 cellular levels in prostate cancer cells by both RNAi and overexpression techniques. We then tested their apoptotic response to death receptor stimuli TRAIL and FasL. The two in vitro prostate cancer models tested (PC-3 and PPC-1) both displayed an increased sensitivity to TRAIL and FasL when Siah2 was successfully downregulated by siRNA. Stable overexpression of Siah2 in both cell lines produced a limited increase in the apoptotic response to death receptor stimulus. Siah2 is known to target the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) mediator TRAF2. TRAF2 is a component of the TNF-\#945; signaling complex I and is necessary for TNF-\#945;-dependent activation of NF-\#954;B. To determine if Siah2 function in TRAIL-mediated cell death is dependent of TRAF2, we tested the ability of Siah2 to regulate TRAIL-induced apoptosis in PC-3 cells overexpressing a dominant negative mutant TRAF2. No difference in cell viability or apoptosis induction was observed between dnTRAF2 expressing cells or vector only control cells upon TRAIL stimulation. This study suggests Siah2 is a novel regulator of death ligand-induced apoptosis and functions independently of TRAF2.

Citation Information: In: Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res; 2009 Apr 18-22; Denver, CO. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2009. Abstract nr 5120.