tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract PO3-09-08: Using Social Determinants of Health to Improve Surgical Delays for Breast Cancer Patients at Rush University Cancer Center
Authors: Hilary Tingley, Madeline McIntosh, McKenzie Klee, Margaret Gladman, Alison Coogan, Andrea Madrigrano
Journal: Cancer Research (2024)

Abstract Introduction Delays to surgery in the treatment of breast cancer can lead to worse disease specific mortality and overall survival. Previous work has shown a woman’s time to surgical treatment is influenced by income, which may be secondary to social determinants of health (SDOH) including health literacy, safety, stress, access to health care and transportation, housing, and ability to pay utilities. This study sought to evaluate a screening process for SDOH to assess and address barriers to care for women newly diagnosed with breast cancer. Methods A SDOH screening tool consisting of 7 yes/no questions was developed and used by trained breast oncology nurses via phone call made to all new patients prior to their first visit. Based on patient response, patients are provided with community resources or referred to the hospital social work team. Primary outcome included the SDOH screening results, and secondary outcome included time to surgery. Results 118 patients were screened, of which 60 patients had surgery as their first treatment and were included in this analysis. Twenty-seven patients screened positive for SDOH need. Ten patients reported &amp;gt;3 SDOH concerns and were referred to social work. The most common concerns were food insecurity and trouble paying utilities. Of the 27 patients who screened positively, 18 identified as Black or African American, 3 were Hispanic, 1 Asian and 5 White. The mean household income for these patients based on their reported zip codes was $55,615.78. Average time to surgery for patients with a positive SDOH screen was 37.7 days and negative SDOH screen was 42 days. For patients with a positive SDOH screen, those with 2 or fewer SDOH needs had an average time to surgery of 41.9 days and those with 3 or more SDOH needs had an average 30.6 days until surgery. Discussion Patients who screened positive for SDOH need and were provided resources had a faster time to surgery than patients who initially screened negative for SDOH. Patients referred to social work had the fastest time to surgery. Early identification of SDOH is necessary for all patients to improve equity and outcomes in breast cancer treatment. Citation Format: Hilary Tingley, Madeline McIntosh, McKenzie Klee, Margaret Gladman, Alison Coogan, Andrea Madrigrano. Using Social Determinants of Health to Improve Surgical Delays for Breast Cancer Patients at Rush University Cancer Center [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO3-09-08.
Abstract ED09-01: Emerging approaches to targeting pathways using precision medicine in breast cancer
Authors: M. Radovich
Journal: Cancer Research (2024)

Abstract The past few decades have yielded significant strides forward in the pursuit to extend survival for patients with breast cancer. Much of this success is directly attributed to breakthroughs in the development of targeted therapies intersecting advances in genomic medicine. Despite these achievements, challenges remain, and targeted therapeutic development is still evolving rapidly to offset them. The focus of this educational session is centered around reviewing the latest in targeted therapeutic advancements and precision medicine. Recent advances have centered on novel selective estrogen receptor degraders (SERDs) for advanced ESR1-mutated or endocrine-resistant disease. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) continued to make gains, targeting HER2-positive/low advanced cancers as well as an expanded indications for TROP2-targeted ADCs. New ADCs are also on the horizon leveraging new cell surface targets. Emerging are forward-looking cell-surface methodologies that harness bispecific antibodies and T-cell engagers. Various strategies combining established targeted immunotherapies such as PD-1 and PD-L1 with additional therapies continue. Attempts to target the frequently mutated PI3K pathway have yielded some success, but clinical exploration continues using new approaches that utilize mutation specific inhibitors. Second generation PARP inhibitors have emerged recently and are being explored in a variety of indications with promising early results. Finally, understanding treatment resistance in particular with the use of longitudinal liquid biopsies is fueling further target discovery. Altogether, development in precision medicine is advancing rapidly with advanced genomics, novel targets, and cutting-edge drug modalities. Citation Format: M. Radovich. Emerging approaches to targeting pathways using precision medicine in breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr ED09-01.
Abstract ED04-02: Combination endocrine therapy following progression on first-line therapy
Authors: R. O'Regan
Journal: Cancer Research (2024)

Abstract Assessing genomic status is critical to make treatment decisions in patients who have experienced disease progression following a CDK 4/6 inhibition with endocrine therapy. Three trials have evaluated CDK 4/6 inhibition with endocrine therapy through progression and show that switching CDK 4/6 inhibitor results in modest efficacy while continuing the same CDK 4/6 inhibitor is not effective. The optimal therapy for patients whose tumors have a PI3-kinase mutation is alpelisib and fulvestrant. Other PIK3-ca inhibitors have not shown efficacy to date. Everolimus with endocrine therapy is an effective second line approach. Emerging data demonstrate efficacy of AKT inhibition with endocrine therapy. Several other agents are in clinical development. Citation Format: R. O'Regan. Combination endocrine therapy following progression on first-line therapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr ED04-02.
Abstract Db1-01: Anthracyclines …to give or not to give? “For” argument
Authors: Martine Piccart, Guilherme Nader-Marta
Journal: Cancer Research (2024)

Abstract Anthracyclines have been one of the mainstays of early breast cancer treatment for decades. In a recent patient-level meta-analysis including data from over 18,000 patients, anthracycline-containing regimens were associated with improvements in disease-free survival and overall survival, regardless of estrogen receptor or nodal status. Importantly, trials specifically designed and powered to assess the safety of anthracyclines omission failed to demonstrate the non-inferiority of taxane-based anthracycline-free regimens and confirmed the benefit of these agents, particularly in patients with node-positive and hormone receptor-negative breast cancer. Several therapies incorporated into the management of early breast cancer were studied in populations largely treated with anthracycline-based chemotherapy backbones in both HER2-negative (i.e., perioperative pembrolizumab, post neoadjuvant olaparib and capecitabine) and HER2-positive disease (i.e., dual HER2 blockade, adjuvant T-DM1). It is uncertain whether the benefits demonstrated by these strategies would be maintained if anthracyclines were omitted. While anthracyclines are associated with some long-term toxicities, particularly with an increased risk of lymphoproliferative malignancies and dose-dependent cardiotoxicity, these adverse events are not associated with an increased risk of death (including deaths from cardiovascular causes) when compared to anthracycline-free regimens. The identification of risk factors for cardiotoxicity, combined with improvements in monitoring strategies, allows improvements in patient selection, early detection of myocardial damage and, possibly, implementation of cardioprotective interventions, leading to improved cardiovascular outcomes. Until high-quality evidence demonstrates the safety of omitting anthracyclines in high-risk populations, these agents should continue to be used in carefully selected patients after individual risk versus benefit assessment to be shared with the patient. Citation Format: Martine Piccart, Guilherme Nader-Marta. Anthracyclines …to give or not to give? “For” argument [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr Db1-01.
M2 macrophages participate in ILC2 activation induced by <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection
Authors: Ruyi Peng, Canxia Xu, Linfang Zhang, Xiaoming Liu, Dongzi Peng, Xingcen Chen, Deliang Liu, Rong Li
Journal: Gut Microbes (2024)

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) causes a diversity of gastric diseases. The host immune response evoked by H. pylori infection is complicated and can influence the development and progression of diseases. We have reported that the Group 2 innate lymphocytes (ILC2) were promoted and took part in building type-2 immunity in H. pylori infection-related gastric diseases. Therefore, in the present study, we aim to clarify how H. pylori infection induces the activation of ILC2. It was found that macrophages were necessary for activating ILC2 in H. pylori infection. Mechanistically, H. pylori infection up-regulated the expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) in macrophages to induce M2 polarization, and the latter secreted the alarmin cytokine Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin (TSLP) to arouse ILC2.
Tumors Affect the Metabolic Connectivity of the Human Brain Measured by 18F-FDG PET
Authors: Luca Pasquini, Mehrnaz Jenabi, Maya Graham, Kyung K. Peck, Heiko Schöder, Andrei I. Holodny, Simone Krebs
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

Purpose 18 F-FDG PET captures the relationship between glucose metabolism and synaptic activity, allowing for modeling brain function through metabolic connectivity. We investigated tumor-induced modifications of brain metabolic connectivity. Patients and Methods Forty-three patients with left hemispheric tumors and 18 F-FDG PET/MRI were retrospectively recruited. We included 37 healthy controls (HCs) from the database CERMEP-IDB-MRXFDG. We analyzed the whole brain and right versus left hemispheres connectivity in patients and HC, frontal versus temporal tumors, active tumors versus radiation necrosis, and patients with high Karnofsky performance score (KPS = 100) versus low KPS (KPS &lt; 70). Results were compared with 2-sided t test ( P &lt; 0.05). Results Twenty high-grade glioma, 4 low-grade glioma, and 19 metastases were included. The patients’ whole-brain network displayed lower connectivity metrics compared with HC ( P &lt; 0.001), except assortativity and betweenness centrality ( P = 0.001). The patients’ left hemispheres showed decreased similarity, and lower connectivity metrics compared with the right ( P &lt; 0.01), with the exception of betweenness centrality ( P = 0.002). HC did not show significant hemispheric differences. Frontal tumors showed higher connectivity metrics ( P &lt; 0.001) than temporal tumors, but lower betweenness centrality ( P = 4.5 −7 ). Patients with high KPS showed higher distance local efficiency ( P = 0.01), rich club coefficient ( P = 0.0048), clustering coefficient ( P = 0.00032), betweenness centrality ( P = 0.008), and similarity ( P = 0.0027) compared with low KPS. Patients with active tumor(s) (14/43) demonstrated significantly lower connectivity metrics compared with necroses. Conclusions Tumors cause reorganization of metabolic brain networks, characterized by formation of new connections and decreased centrality. Patients with frontal tumors retained a more efficient, centralized, and segregated network than patients with temporal tumors. Stronger metabolic connectivity was associated with higher KPS.
Negative 18F-Piflufolastat PET/CT, But Positive 18F-Fluciclovine PET/CT, in a Patient With Biochemically Recurrent Prostate Cancer
Authors: Gary A. Ulaner
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

An 83-year-old man with prostate cancer post external beam radiotherapy presented with biochemical recurrence (PSA, 29.7 ng/mL). PSMA-targeted 18 F-Piflufolastat PET/CT was performed, but no avid lesions were identified. Given the high PSA and high suspicion for recurrence, an 18 F-Fluciclovine PET/CT was performed. Fifteen 18 F-fluciclovine-avid pelvic, abdominal, retrocrural, and left supraclavicular nodal metastases were then identified. Although the majority of prostate cancer metastases are avid on PSMA-targeted PET, some metastases are not. This case demonstrates the ability of metabolic tracers such as 18 F-Fluciclovine PET to localize and quantitate disease extent in a patient whose metastases are not avid on PSMA-targeted PET.
Hepatic PSMA-Avid Postradiation Inflammation
Authors: Patrick Silveira, Aria Razmaria, Randy Yeh
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

Abstract A 62-year-old man with de novo large volume metastatic prostate cancer to the bone, liver, and nodes status post multiple lines of therapy including external beam radiation to T12–L2 approximately 13 months prior underwent 68 Ga-PSMA PET/CT to determine eligibility for 177 Lu-PSMA therapy. 68 Ga-PSMA PET/CT demonstrated tracer-avid osseous and nodal lesions consistent with metastases. In addition, regional geographic tracer avidity was seen in the midline left hepatic lobe associated with capsular retraction and demonstrated no FDG avidity on subsequent imaging, probably inflammatory related to prior radiation to T12–L2.
The economic and societal impact of periodontal and peri‐implant diseases
Authors: Muhammad H. A. Saleh, Debora R. Dias, Purnima Kumar
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2024)

Abstract Periodontal and peri‐implant diseases result from a chronic inflammatory response to dysbiotic microbial communities and are characterized by inflammation in the soft tissue and the ensuing progressive destruction of supporting bone, resulting in tooth or implant loss. These diseases' high prevalence, multifactorial etiology, extensive treatment costs, and significant detriment to patients' quality‐of‐life underscore their status as a critical public health burden. This review delineates the economic and sociocultural ramifications of periodontal and peri‐implant diseases on patient welfare and healthcare economics. We delve into the implications of diagnosis, treatment, supportive care, and managing destructive tissue consequences, contrasting these aspects with healthy patients.
Abstract ED10-01: PI3K past, present, and future
Authors: N. Vasan
Journal: Cancer Research (2024)

Abstract The PI3K pathway has long remained a fertile ground for drug discovery in cancer, including in estrogen receptor positive metastatic breast cancer. It has also remained a pathway difficult to drug effectively due to on target toxicities. New strategies to overcome these toxicities have manifested in novel drug types and management strategies for patients. Here I discuss the PI3K pathway in signaling and oncogenesis, current therapies inhibiting PI3K, mechanisms limiting efficacy, and increasing the PI3K therapeutic window with a focus on mutant selective PI3K inhibitors. Finally, I will expound on the translational future of the PI3K field, highlighting advances in biomarker discovery, tumor correlative analysis, and patient advocacy. Citation Format: N. Vasan. PI3K past, present, and future [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr ED10-01.
Abstract PO3-12-03: SAFETY AND TOLERABILITY OF SHOCKWAVE THERAPY FOR TREATMENT OF BREAST CANCER-RELATED LYMPHEDEMA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Patricia Lima Ventura, Cinira Haddad, Afonso Nazário, Gil Facina, Vanessa Sanvido, Amanda Estevao, Samantha Lopes de Almeida Rizzi
Journal: Cancer Research (2024)

Abstract Introduction: Breast cancer is currently the most common malignancy among women, after non-melanoma skin cancer. Upper limb lymphedema is the most feared complication of breast cancer treatment. Currently, the approach described in the literature as the most effective for the treatment of lymphedema is Complex Physical Therapy. In the search for more efficient therapeutic actions, Shockwave Therapy emerges as an alternative in the treatment of upper limb lymphedema secondary to breast cancer. Objective: to systematically review the available literature and verify the safety, tolerance and efficacy of using Shockwave Therapy (ESWT) in the treatment of upper limb lymphedema secondary to breast cancer. Methods: The following databases were used: PubMed; PEDro, The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of science and Scopus and through manual search of articles. The PICO research method was adopted, and the descriptors adjusted according to the respective database. This study was registered in PROSPERO: CRD42020209588. Results: Combined searches, including reference lists, manual searches, and database searches, yielded 64 articles, of which 35 articles were duplicates, 23 studies were excluded by title, abstract, or full reading. Six full-text articles were selected. Of these, only 3 randomized clinical trials and 3 non-randomized clinical trials met all established inclusion criteria and were analyzed in this systematic review. Two more RCTs were added by manual search of references from other articles. None of the studies found had safety and tolerability as their primary objective, and one reported transient redness with the use of the device. Shockwave Therapy, combined with other resources, can significantly improve lymphedema volume and shoulder range of motion, but there is not enough evidence to support the use of ESWT as a substitute for complex physical therapy (CPT). Final considerations: There is evidence that it can improve ROM and upper limb volume when used in association with CPT, which is the gold standard for the treatment of lymphedema. Keywords: Lymphedema, Breast Cancer, Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy. Citation Format: Patricia Lima Ventura, Cinira Haddad, Afonso Nazário, Gil Facina, Vanessa Sanvido, Amanda Estevao, Samantha Lopes de Almeida Rizzi. SAFETY AND TOLERABILITY OF SHOCKWAVE THERAPY FOR TREATMENT OF BREAST CANCER-RELATED LYMPHEDEMA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO3-12-03.
Abstract PO2-28-10: Analysis of whole breast ultrasound image sequence reading time with a new FDA approved automated whole breast ultrasound tomography system for supplemental screening in women with dense breasts
Authors: Mary Yamashita, Taylor Mahoney, Patrick Walker, Linda Hovanessian Larsen
Journal: Cancer Research (2024)

Abstract Purpose: Ultrasound technology as a supplement to mammography for screening women with dense breasts increases cancer detection. However, automated whole breast ultrasound technologies have been shown to substantially increase radiologist reading time. We conducted a reading validation program to assess how quickly and accurately radiologists could interpret images from a new automated whole breast ultrasound prior to launching a prospective case collection registry. Methods: The study analyzed 500 reading times of bilateral screening breast ultrasounds obtained from SoftVue Automated Whole Breast Ultrasound (SV) (Delphinus Medical) in women with dense breasts. For this proctored reading validation program, 20 bilateral screening ultrasound cases were selected. Thecases included a mix of normal, cysts, benign masses, cancers, and implants. 25 MSQA-trained radiologists with varying experience from 9 institutions across the United States each read the 20 cases. The same hanging protocol was used, beginning with sequences of Wafer and Sound Speed to identify an area of interest, Reflection to determine if the area persists, and then Stiffness Fusion for further confirmation and characterization. The primary outcome was reading time per bilateral ultrasound. Reading times were compared using linear mixed effects models for findings in neither, one, or both breasts and for subgroups of cancer and benign findings. Mean reading time was 3.3± 1.76 minutes (n=498, median 2.9min) per case. Cases that were negative in both breasts tended to have faster read times (2.7min, sd=1.32) compared to those with findings in one breast (3.2min, sd=1.57) or findings in both breasts (3.8min, sd=2.14). Mean read times for cases with clinical findings were within a minute of the mean time for normal cases across all case types. Conclusion Breast image sequences of Wafer, Sound Speed, Reflection, and Stiffness Fusion from SV ultrasound tomography facilitate bilateral ultrasound mean reading times of less than 4 minutes per case. Clinical Significance: SV, used as an adjunct to mammography in screening women with dense breasts, offers the benefits of increased cancer detection with supplemental ultrasound with little increase in radiologist reading time. Table 1: Analysis of Bilateral SV Read Time Across Types of Case Clinical Findings Citation Format: Mary Yamashita, Taylor Mahoney, Patrick Walker, Linda Hovanessian Larsen. Analysis of whole breast ultrasound image sequence reading time with a new FDA approved automated whole breast ultrasound tomography system for supplemental screening in women with dense breasts [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO2-28-10.
Abstract PO2-05-10: 'I am Still Alive': An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of Older Women Living with Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Runcie C.W. Chidebe, Khadijat Banwo-Fatai, Agha A. Agha, Onyedikachi C. Nwakanma-Akanno, Donnette Narine, Takashi Yamashita, Alejandra Platas, Jennifer Kinney, Phyllis Cummins, Fatima Cardoso
Journal: Cancer Research (2024)

Abstract Background: Metastatic breast cancer (mBC) is cancer that has spread from the primary organ (breast) to other distant organs such as bone, spine, lungs, brain, and liver. It is a treatable but incurable cancer. While the burden of mBC is devastating to all patients, older mBC patients have poorer prognoses, poor access to care and experience social isolation. This current study is aimed to explore the experiences of older women living with mBC and the impact of belonging to a peer support group (PSG) in Nigeria. Method: Using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA), eight women living with mBC aged 50 and above participated in the semi-structured interview. Results: Our findings showed that participants encountered psychological, physiological, and social challenges that are interrelated across four central themes: “Tormented by Pain,” “I am the One that is Going to Die,” “I am Not alone,” and “Winning the ‘war’ against mBC.” While the experiences of older women living with mBC were dominated by different levels of pain, death anxiety, stigma, and financial burden; belonging to a PSG brought participants hope, information, self-worth, and courage. Conclusion: This study has shown PSG should be an important component of cancer control. Hence, healthcare leaders should support and fund the establishment of PSG across Nigeria. Whether mBC is curable or not, the last days of older women living with mBC should be filled with dignity, peer support, and the absence of pain. Citation Format: Runcie C.W. Chidebe, Khadijat Banwo-Fatai, Agha A. Agha, Onyedikachi C. Nwakanma-Akanno, Donnette Narine, Takashi Yamashita, Alejandra Platas, Jennifer Kinney, Phyllis Cummins, Fatima Cardoso. 'I am Still Alive': An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of Older Women Living with Metastatic Breast Cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO2-05-10.