tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hospice Enrollment and Central Nervous System–Active Medication Prescribing to Medicare Decedents with Dementia
Authors: Lauren B. Gerlach, Lan Zhang, Joan Teno, Donovan T. Maust
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2024)

This study explores the extent to which hospice enrollment is associated with CNS–active medication exposure among Medicare decedents with Alzheimer disease and related dementias.
Immunofluorescence microscopy on the blood smear identifies patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms
Authors: Carlo Zaninetti, Leonard Vater, Lars Kaderali, Carl C Crodel, Tina M Schnöder, Jessica Fuhrmann, Leonard Swensson, Jan Wesche, Carmen Freyer, Andreas Greinacher, Florian H Heidel
Journal: Leukemia (2024)
Three-Year Outcomes of 6-Month Paliperidone Palmitate in Adults With Schizophrenia
Authors: Christoph U. Correll, Karen Johnston, Ibrahim Turkoz, Jason Gray, Liping Sun, Monica Doring, Martha Sajatovic
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

Importance Long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics have the potential to improve adherence and symptom control in patients with schizophrenia, promoting long-term recovery. Paliperidone palmitate (PP) once every 6 months is the first and currently only LAI antipsychotic with an extended dosing interval of 6 months. Objective To assess long-term outcomes of PP received once every 6 months in adults with schizophrenia. Design, Setting, and Participants In a 2-year open-label extension (OLE) study of a 1-year randomized clinical trial (RCT), eligible adults with schizophrenia could choose to continue PP every 6 months if they had not experienced relapse after receiving PP once every 3 or 6 months in the 1-year, international, multicenter, double-blind, randomized noninferiority trial. The present analysis focused on patients receiving PP every 6 months in the double-blind trial through the OLE study (November 20, 2017, to May 3, 2022). Intervention Patients received a dorsogluteal injection of PP on day 1 and once every 6 months up to month 30. Main Outcomes and Measures End points included assessment of relapse and change from the double-blind trial baseline to the OLE end point in Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total and subscale, Clinical Global Impression–Severity (CGI-S) Scale, and Personal Social Performance (PSP) Scale scores. Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), injection site evaluations, and laboratory tests were also assessed. Results Among 121 patients (83 [68.6%] male), mean (SD) age at baseline was 38.6 (11.24) years and mean (SD) duration of illness was 11.0 (9.45) years. At screening of the double-blind study, 101 patients (83.5%) were taking an oral antipsychotic and 20 (16.5%) were taking an LAI antipsychotic. Altogether, 5 of 121 patients (4.1%) experienced relapse during the 3-year follow-up; reasons for relapse were psychiatric hospitalization (2 [1.7%]), suicidal or homicidal ideation (2 [1.7%]), and deliberate self-injury (1 [0.8%]). Patients treated with PP every 6 months were clinically and functionally stable, and outcomes were well maintained, evidenced by stable scores on the PANSS (mean [SD] change, −2.6 [9.96] points), CGI-S (mean [SD] change, −0.2 [0.57] points), and PSP (mean [SD] change, 3.1 [9.14] points) scales over the 3-year period. In total, 101 patients (83.5%) completed the 2-year OLE. At least 1 TEAE was reported in 97 of 121 patients (80.2%) overall; no new safety or tolerability concerns were identified. Conclusions and Relevance In a 2-year OLE study of a 1-year RCT, results supported favorable long-term outcomes of PP once every 6 months for up to 3 years in adults with schizophrenia.
Improving Pain Self-Management Among Rural Older Adults With Cancer
Authors: Megan J. Shen, Tammy Stokes, Sarah Yarborough, Jill Harrison
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

Undertreated cancer pain is a major public health concern among older adults in rural communities. Interventions to improve pain management among this vulnerable population are needed. To test the feasibility, acceptability, and changes in pain outcomes from exposure to an adapted intervention, Cancer Health Empowerment for Living without Pain (CA-HELP), to improve patients' communication about pain to their clinicians. Older adults with cancer (aged ≥65 years) who were residing in a noninstitutional rural setting and receiving outpatient care at a rural-based clinic in Tennessee were enrolled in the study, in which everyone received the intervention, in May 2022. All patients were given assessments at baseline and 1 week after intervention. Mean score differences were analyzed using 1-tailed paired sample t tests (α = .05). Data were analyzed in June 2022. The adapted version of CA-HELP included an 18-page patient-facing workbook and a 30-minute telephone coaching call with a registered nurse to coach patients on pain education and communication techniques to discuss pain with their medical team. Feasibility was examined through accrual and completion rates. Acceptability was measured by helpfulness, difficulty, and satisfaction with the intervention. Changes in outcomes were measured using mean score differences from pre-post assessments of pain self-management, self-efficacy for communicating with clinicians about pain, patient-reported pain, and misconceptions about pain. Among the 30 total participants, the mean (SD) age was 73.0 (5.1) years; 17 participants (56.7%) were female, 5 (16.7%) were Black or African American, 30 (100%) were non-Hispanic or non-Latino, 24 (80.0%) were White, 16 (53.3%) had less than a high school education, and 15 (50.0%) reported income less than $21 000 per year. Based on accrual and completion rates of 100%, this intervention was highly feasible. Fidelity rates for delivering intervention components (100%) and communication competence (27 participants [90%]) were also high. Regarding acceptability, all patients rated the intervention as helpful, with the majority (24 participants [80%]) rating it as "very helpful." Most patients rated the intervention as "not at all difficult" (27 participants [90%]), enjoyed participating (21 participants [70%]), and reported being "very satisfied" (25 participants [83.3%]). Pre-post changes in outcomes suggested significant improvements in pain self-management and self-efficacy for communicating with clinicians about pain, as well as significant reductions in patient-reported pain and pain misconceptions. In this case-series study of CA-HELP, results suggested the adapted version of CA-HELP was feasible and acceptable and showed changes in pain-related outcome measures among older adults with cancer in a rural setting.
Association Between Accelerometer-Measured Irregular Sleep Duration and Type 2 Diabetes Risk: A Prospective Cohort Study in the UK Biobank
Authors: Sina Kianersi, Heming Wang, Tamar Sofer, Raymond Noordam, Andrew Phillips, Martin K. Rutter, Susan Redline, Tianyi Huang
Journal: Diabetes Care (2024)

To evaluate the association between irregular sleep duration and incident diabetes in a U.K. population over 7 years of follow-up.
Cracks in the Glass Ceiling—Except for Pregnant Surgery Residents
Authors: Jamie E. Anderson, Diana L. Farmer
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2024)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Error in Figure 2
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

Error in Figure 2 In the Original Investigation titled "Epidemiologic Features of Recovery From SARS-CoV-2 Infection," 1 published June 17, 2024, in Figure 2C, the recovery time data for noncritical hospitalization and for the fourth variant wave (Michigan, spring) were incorrect.The correct value for noncritical hospitalization is 50.4 days (95% CI, 47.0-53.7 days), and the correct value for the fourth variant wave is 39.3 days (95% CI, 34.9-43.6)days.This article has been corrected.
Resident Labor Unions—Learning as We Go
Authors: Adam E. Mikolajczyk, Colin Goodman
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

Darci C. Foote, MD, MS; Audrey E. Rosenblatt, PhD, CRNA, APRN; Daniela Amortegui, MA; Carmen M. Diaz, MPP, PhD; Brian C. Brajcich, MD, MS; Cary Jo R. Schlick, MD, MS; Karl Y. Bilimoria, MD, MS; Yue-Yung Hu, MD, MPH; Julie K. Johnson, MSPH, PhD
A Nudge in the Right Direction With Clinical Prompts
Authors: Cara L. Berkowitz, Rachel Berger, Oluwadamilola M. Fayanju
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2024)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Loss of tolerance precedes triggering and lifelong persistence of pathogenic type I interferon autoantibodies
Authors: Sonja Fernbach, Nina K. Mair, Irene A. Abela, Kevin Groen, Roger Kuratli, Marie Lork, Christian W. Thorball, Enos Bernasconi, Paraskevas Filippidis, Karoline Leuzinger, Julia Notter, Andri Rauch, Hans H. Hirsch, Michael Huber, Huldrych F. Günthard, Jacques Fellay, Roger D. Kouyos, Benjamin G. Hale, Irene A. Abela, Karoline Aebi-Popp, Alexia Anagnostopoulos, Manuel Battegay, Enos Bernasconi, Dominique Laurent Braun, Heiner Bucher, Alexandra Calmy, Matthias Cavassini, Angela Ciuffi, Günter Dollenmaier, Matthias Egger, Luisa Elzi, Jan Fehr, Jacques Fellay, Hansjakob Furrer, Christoph Fux, Huldrych Fritz Günthard, Anna Hachfeld, David Haerry, Barbara Hasse, Hans Hirsch, Matthias Hoffmann, Irene Hösli, Michael Huber, David Jackson-Perry, Christian Kahlert, Laurent Kaiser, Olivia Keiser, Thomas Klimkait, Roger Dimitri Kouyos, Helen Kovari, Katharina Kusejko, Niklaus Labhardt, Karoline Leuzinger, Begogna Martinez de Tejada, Catja Marzolini, Karin Jutta Metzner, Nicolas Müller, Johannes Nemeth, Dunja Nicca, Julia Notter, Paolo Paioni, Giuseppe Pantaleo, Matthieu Perreau, Andri Rauch, Luisa Salazar-Vizcaya, Patrick Schmid, Roberto Speck, Marcel Stöckle, Philip Tarr, Alexandra Trkola, Gilles Wandeler, Maja Weisser, Sabine Yerly
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2024)

Autoantibodies neutralizing type I interferons (IFN-Is) can underlie infection severity. Here, we trace the development of these autoantibodies at high-resolution using longitudinal samples from 1,876 well-treated individuals living with HIV over a 35-year period. Similar to general populations, ∼1.9% of individuals acquired anti-IFN-I autoantibodies as they aged (median onset ∼63 years). Once detected, anti-IFN-I autoantibodies persisted lifelong, and titers increased over decades. Individuals developed distinct neutralizing and non-neutralizing autoantibody repertoires at discrete times that selectively targeted combinations of IFNα, IFNβ, and IFNω. Emergence of neutralizing anti-IFNα autoantibodies correlated with reduced baseline IFN-stimulated gene levels and was associated with subsequent susceptibility to severe COVID-19 several years later. Retrospective measurements revealed enrichment of pre-existing autoreactivity against other autoantigens in individuals who later developed anti-IFN-I autoantibodies, and there was evidence for prior viral infections or increased IFN at the time of anti-IFN-I autoantibody triggering. These analyses suggest that age-related loss of self-tolerance prior to IFN-I immune-triggering poses a risk of developing lifelong functional IFN-I deficiency.
Targeting AKR1B10 by Drug Repurposing with Epalrestat Overcomes Chemoresistance in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Patient-Derived Tumor Organoids
Authors: Kanve N. Suvilesh, Yariswamy Manjunath, Yulia I. Nussbaum, Mohamed Gadelkarim, Murugesan Raju, Akhil Srivastava, Guangfu Li, Wesley C. Warren, Chi-Ren Shyu, Feng Gao, Matthew A. Ciorba, Jonathan B. Mitchem, Satyanarayana Rachagani, Jussuf T. Kaifi
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2024)

Abstract Purpose: Systemic treatments given to patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are often ineffective due to drug resistance. In the present study, we investigated patient-derived tumor organoids (PDTO) and matched tumor tissues from surgically treated patients with NSCLC to identify drug repurposing targets to overcome resistance toward standard-of-care platinum-based doublet chemotherapy. Experimental Design: PDTOs were established from 10 prospectively enrolled patients with non-metastatic NSCLC from resected tumors. PDTOs were compared with matched tumor tissues by histopathology/immunohistochemistry, whole exome sequencing, and transcriptome sequencing. PDTO growths and drug responses were determined by measuring 3D tumoroid volumes, cell viability, and proliferation/apoptosis. Differential gene expression analysis identified drug-repurposing targets. Validations were performed with internal/external data sets of patients with NSCLC. NSCLC cell lines were used for aldo-keto reductase 1B10 (AKR1B10) knockdown studies and xenograft models to determine the intratumoral bioavailability of epalrestat. Results: PDTOs retained histomorphology and pathological biomarker expression, mutational/transcriptomic signatures, and cellular heterogeneity of the matched tumor tissues. Five (50%) PDTOs were chemoresistant toward carboplatin/paclitaxel. Chemoresistant PDTOs and matched tumor tissues demonstrated overexpression of AKR1B10. Epalrestat, an orally available AKR1B10 inhibitor in clinical use for diabetic polyneuropathy, was repurposed to overcome chemoresistance of PDTOs. In vivo efficacy of epalrestat to overcome drug resistance corresponded to intratumoral epalrestat levels. Conclusions: PDTOs are efficient preclinical models recapitulating the tumor characteristics and are suitable for drug testing. AKR1B10 can be targeted by repurposing epalrestat to overcome chemoresistance in NSCLC. Epalrestat has the potential to advance to clinical trials in patients with drug-resistant NSCLC due to favorable toxicity, pharmacological profile, and bioavailability.
Different depths of food restriction and high‐fat diet refeeding in mice impact host obesity and metabolic phenotypes with correlative changes in the gut microbiota
Authors: Jiaqi Xu, Huangru Xu, Feiyan Yang, Yawen Xie, Fangfang Cai, Siyu Mao, Min Lu, Hongqin Zhuang, Zi‐Chun Hua
Journal: MedComm (2024)

Abstract Overweight and obesity affect almost 2 billion adults worldwide, and food restriction (FR) is commonly used to reduce body fat. Whether refeeding (Re) after FR at different ages and to different degrees leads to overweight and its possible mechanisms are uncertain. In this study, adult and young mice were both restricted to 15% and 40% of their casual food intake, and then were fed 60% high‐fat chow (FR15%–Re, FR40%–Re), whereas the control groups(CON) consumed high‐fat or normal food throughout, respectively. The results of the study suggest that mild FR‐heavy feeding may lead to more significant abnormal fat accumulation, liver damage, and increased recruitment of intestinal inflammatory factors and immune cells in mice of different ages and involves multiple types of alterations in the gut microbiota. Further fecal transplantation experiments as well as serum and liver enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay experiments preliminarily suggest that the link between lipid metabolism and inflammatory responses and the gut microbiota may be related to the regulation of the gut and live by Lipopolysaccharides(LPS) and Peroxisome Proliferator‐Activated Receptor‐Alpha(PPAR‐α). In addition, our study may also serve as a reference for studying obesity prevention and treatment programs at different ages.
Microplastics and Anthropogenic Particles in Recreationally Caught Freshwater Fish from an Urbanized Region of the North American Great Lakes
Authors: Madeleine H. Milne, Paul A. Helm, Keenan Munno, Satyendra P. Bhavsar, Chelsea M. Rochman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2024)

Microplastics are a pervasive contaminant cycling through food webs-leading to concerns regarding exposure and risk to humans.
Molecular relapse after first-line intensive therapy in patients with CBF or NPM1-mutated acute myeloid leukemia – a FILO study
Authors: Corentin Orvain, Sarah Bertoli, Pierre Peterlin, Yohann Desbrosses, Pierre-Yves Dumas, Alexandre Iat, Marie-Anne Hospital, Martin Carre, Emmanuelle Tavernier, Jérémie Riou, Anne Bouvier, Audrey Bidet, Sylvie Tondeur, Florian Renosi, Marie-Joelle Mozziconacci, Pascale Flandrin-Gresta, Bérengère Dadone-Montaudié, Eric Delabesse, Arnaud Pigneux, Mathilde Hunault-Berger, Christian Recher
Journal: Leukemia (2024)

Abstract Patients with Core-Binding Factor (CBF) and NPM1 -mutated acute myeloid leukemia (AML) can be monitored by quantitative PCR after having achieved first complete remission (CR) to detect morphologic relapse and drive preemptive therapy. How to best manage these patients is unknown. We retrospectively analyzed 303 patients with CBF and NPM1 -mutated AML, aged 18–60 years, without allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in first CR, with molecular monitoring after first-line intensive therapy. Among these patients, 153 (51%) never relapsed, 95 (31%) had molecular relapse (53 received preemptive therapy and 42 progressed to morphologic relapse at salvage therapy), and 55 (18%) had upfront morphologic relapse. Patients who received preemptive therapy had higher OS than those who received salvage therapy after having progressed from molecular to morphologic relapse and those with upfront morphologic relapse (three-year OS: 78% vs . 51% vs . 51%, respectively, P = 0.01). Preemptive therapy included upfront allogeneic HCT ( n = 19), intensive chemotherapy ( n = 21), and non-intensive therapy ( n = 13; three-year OS: 92% vs . 79% vs . 58%, respectively, P = 0.09). Although not definitive due to the non-randomized allocation of patients to different treatment strategies at relapse, our study suggests that molecular monitoring should be considered during follow-up to start preemptive therapy before overt morphologic relapse.
Midlife Residential Greenness and Late-Life Cognitive Decline among Nurses’ Health Study Participants
Authors: Marcia Pescador Jimenez, Maude Wagner, Francine Laden, Jaime E. Hart, Francine Grodstein, Peter James
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2024)

Midlife residential exposure to greenspace may slow cognitive decline by increasing opportunities for physical activity and social connection, restoring attention, or reducing stress or adverse environmental exposures. However, prospective studies on the association between greenness and cognitive decline are sparse.
Changing behind the scenes
Authors: Mandy J. McGeachy
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2024)

Th17 cell plasticity is associated with pathogenicity in chronic inflammation. In a model of periodontitis, McClure et al. (https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20232015) describe location-dependent divergence in Th17 plasticity, with surprisingly limited conversion in inflamed gingiva but emergence of protective exTh17-TfH cells in draining LN that enhance protective antibody.
A roadmap for clinical trials in MASH-related compensated cirrhosis
Authors: Juan M. Pericàs, Quentin M. Anstee, Salvador Augustin, Ramón Bataller, Annalisa Berzigotti, Andreea Ciudin, Sven Francque, Juan G. Abraldes, Virginia Hernández-Gea, Mònica Pons, Thomas Reiberger, Ian A. Rowe, Peter Rydqvist, Elmer Schabel, Frank Tacke, Emmanuel A. Tsochatzis, Joan Genescà
Journal: Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology (2024)
Astrocytes require perineuronal nets to maintain synaptic homeostasis in mice
Authors: Bhanu P. Tewari, AnnaLin M. Woo, Courtney E. Prim, Lata Chaunsali, Dipan C. Patel, Ian F. Kimbrough, Kaliroi Engel, Jack L. Browning, Susan L. Campbell, Harald Sontheimer
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2024)

Abstract Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are densely packed extracellular matrices that cover the cell body of fast-spiking inhibitory neurons. PNNs stabilize synapses inhibiting synaptic plasticity. Here we show that synaptic terminals of fast-spiking interneurons localize to holes in the PNNs in the adult mouse somatosensory cortex. Approximately 95% of holes in the PNNs contain synapses and astrocytic processes expressing Kir4.1, glutamate and GABA transporters. Hence, holes in the PNNs contain tripartite synapses. In the adult mouse brain, PNN degradation causes an expanded astrocytic coverage of the neuronal somata without altering the axon terminals. The loss of PNNs impairs astrocytic transmitter and potassium uptake, resulting in the spillage of glutamate into the extrasynaptic space. Our data show that PNNs and astrocytes cooperate to contain synaptically released signals in physiological conditions. Their combined action is altered in mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease and epilepsy where PNNs are disrupted.