tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Clinical features and course of brain metastases in triple-negative breast cancer: Comparison with HER2+ and other type
Authors: G. Jang, S. Lee, J. Ahn, K. Jung, H. Lee, G. Gong, H. Kim, S. Ahn, S. Ahn, S. Kim
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

1064 Background: Incidences and clinical aggressiveness of intracranial metastasis in triple negative (TN) breast cancer have not been well delineated compared to HER2+ subtype. Methods: Patients (pts) who were diagnosed with primary breast cancer at Asan Medical Center from January 1990 to July 2006 were screened (Lee SS, Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2008). All pts with brain metastases, identified by CT or MRI, were included and classified into three subtypes (TN, HER2+ and other). The clinical features and course of brain metastases with TN breast cancer, defined according to immunohistochemical staining and HER2 FISH analysis, were reanalyzed and compared among three groups. Results: Of 7,872 breast cancer pts, 198 pts developed brain metastases and 61 pts with unknown ER, PR, or HER2 status were excluded. Of 137 pts, incidences of TN, HER2+ and other group were 32% (44), 50% (69), and 18% (24), respectively. The median age at the time of brain metastases was 46 years (yr) (range 29–70 yr) in TN group, 48 yr (range 27–78 yr) in HER2 group, and 37 yr (range 25–62 yr) in other group with no significant difference. Clinical parameters such as performance status, previous adjuvant chemotherapy or radiotherapy, was similarly distributed among groups except that pts with earlier stages (I, II) were more prevalent in TN group compared to other two groups (59% vs 36% vs 38%, p = 0.01). With a median follow-up duration of 99 months (m), the median time from initial diagnosis of primary breast cancer to brain metastases was significantly shorter in TN group, compared with other two groups (TN, HER2, other; 20 m vs 32 m vs 45 m, p = 0.01) and the one from diagnosis of primary cancer to the first distant metastases at any sites was also shorter (16 m vs 23 m vs 23 m, p = 0.005). The median overall survival from diagnosis of primary cancer was significantly shorter in TN group (31 m vs 39 m vs 57 m, p = 0.02) and however, the one after brain metastases was not different among 3 groups (5.9 m vs 5.2 m vs 8.8 m, p = 0.31). Conclusions: TN breast cancer showed earlier brain metastases, earlier distant metastases at any sites and shorter overall survival in spite of high proportion of early stages, compared with other phenotypes. Preventive and therapeutic strategies of brain metastases in TN breast cancer are urgently needed. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 3743: Elevated Right-sided Tei Index Signifies Poorer Prognosis and Worsening Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction in Chronic Heart Failure: An ADEPT Ancillary Study
Authors: Allen G Borowski, Wilson Tong, Maureen G Martin, Venu Kudithipudi, Susan E Jasper, Richard W Troughton, W.H. Wilson Tang, Allan L Klein
Journal: Circulation (2006)
Reply
Authors: Yasuji Arase, Mariko Kobayashi, Hiromitsu Kumada
Journal: Hepatology (2013)

We are pleased with the interest in our article1 and appreciate the valuable comments made by Dr. S. Singh and Dr. P. P. Singh. They eloquently discuss the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), including the effects of antidiabetic medications (ADMs), in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). In this study,1 we concluded that DM is associated with a 1.7-fold higher risk of HCC as compared to patients without DM. In addition, the risk of HCC was reduced by 44% in diabetic patients with mean hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) < 7.0% during follow-up compared with those with mean HbA1c ≥ 7.0%. However, we could not sufficiently evaluate the difference in clinical backgrounds between diabetic patients with mean HbA1c < 7.0% during follow-up compared with those with mean HbA1c ≥ 7.0% in our previous study. Thus, we evaluated the difference in detail, in clinical backgrounds that included the use of ADMs in both groups. Table 1 shows the differences in the clinical backgrounds of diabetic patients with a mean HbA1c level < 7.0% during follow-up and diabetic patients with a mean HbA1c level ≥ 7.0%. There were no significant differences between the two groups except in the use of ADMs. Approximately two-thirds of the 127 diabetic patients with a mean HbA1c level < 7.0% were treated with ADMs. On the other hand, 132 of the 140 diabetic patients with a mean HbA1c level ≥ 7.0% were treated with ADMs. Thus, the prevalence of the use of ADMs in diabetic patients with a mean HbA1c level < 7.0% was significantly lower than the prevalence in diabetic patients with a mean HbA1c level ≥ 7.0%. This result suggests that in comparison with the diabetic patients with a mean HbA1c level ≥ 7.0%, diabetes could be controlled with diet and exercise alone for some of the diabetic patients with a mean HbA1c level < 7.0%. As for the development of HCC in diabetic patients treated with ADMs, it was difficult to assess the effect of ADMs because of the study's retrospective nature. The reason for this is that the diabetic patients treated with ADMs were given various types and doses of ADMs for different periods. Thus, we could not evaluate the effect of ADMs in this study. The effect of ADMs on the development of HCC in diabetic patients is a very important issue. From now on, a more prescriptive approach will be needed to solve this issue in patients with hepatitis C virus treated with interferon. Yasuji Arase, M.D., Ph.D. Mariko Kobayashi, B.S. Hiromitsu Kumada, M.D., Ph.D. Department of Hepatology and Okinaka Memorial Institute for Medical ResearchToranomon HospitalTokyo, Japan
Abstract 1750: Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction and Prognosis in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: a Doppler Echocardiography Study
Authors: Fausto Rigo, Lauro Cortigiani, Sonia Gherardi, Rosa Sicari, Maurizio Galderisi, Francesco Bovenzi, Eugenio Picano
Journal: Circulation (2007)
The choice to live or die should remain to the end
Authors: L. Farrell
Journal: BMJ (1995)

perpetuated the myths of the distress of dying, in particular of dying from motor neurone disease.The Motor Neurone Disease Association has been encouraging discussion about the fears of dying and providing information about the care of patients as death approaches.Their Breathing Space Programme has provided leaflets for patients and professionals to facilitate discussion of these fears and the positive ways to alleviate these concerns.This discussion may lead to the provision of medication for use in an emergency, and the Breathing Space Kit can be provided to store this medication and to give details of its use for everyone involved in the patient's care.3Euthanasia is an issue that needs to be discussed openly, but a film like "Death on Request" may confuse and frighten, epecially when further information is not immediately available at the time of the broadcast.A round table discussion at 1 1 15, when many of the viewers will have switched off, is insufficient.
Abstract 276: The Regulatory Effects Of Peroxiredoxin II On Phospholamban Phosphorylation And Cardiac Contractile Function In Vivo
Authors: Wen Zhao, Xiaojing Shi, Wenjuan Zhou, Huimin Wang, Xuepeng Geng, Shuang Zhang, Jingjing Wang, Evangelia G Kranias, Hong-Min Liu
Journal: Circulation Research (2014)

Peroxiredoxin II (prxII), a cytosolic form of the anti-oxidant peroxiredoxin family, was recently found to be decreased in failing human hearts. Interestingly, in hyperdynamic hearts of two genetically modified mouse models with: a) phospholamban ablation; and b) overexpression of the active inhibitor-1 of protein phosphatase 1, the levels of this cellular peroxidase (prxII) were markedly increased. Acute overexpression of prxII by adenoviral-delivery in adult rat cardiomyocytes (Ad-prxII) was associated with decreases in the basal rates of contraction and relaxation, as well as calcium kinetics. Accordingly, Ad-prxII-AS infected cardiomyocytes exhibited enhanced contractile parameters and Ca-kinetics. The depressed or increased contractility by Ad-prxII or Ad-prxII-AS was associated with parallel decreases or increases in phosphorylation of phospholamban (Ser16 and Thr17). To determine the in vivo effects of prxII on cardiac contractility, three transgenic lines (TG) with 2-3 fold cardiac-specific overexpression of prxII were generated and their cardiac morphologic and functional phenotypes were characterized. The TG mice exhibited no alterations in cardiac pathology or morphology up to 4 months of age. However, langendorf perfusions revealed that cardiac contractility, including the rates of contraction and relaxation (±dp/dtmax) as well as the left ventricular end systolic pressure (LVESP), were significantly depressed in TG mice (to 75, 76 and 63%, respectively), compared to WTs (100%). The depressed function was not associated with any alterations in the expression levels of key SR calcium handling proteins: SERCA2, total phospholamban, calsequestrin and ryanodine receptor. However, the levels of the phosphorylated PLN at Ser16 were found to be reduced to 50% in the TG mice, compared to WTs. These findings indicate that prxII, an anti-oxidant protein, may regulate basal cardiac contractile performance in vivo through phospholamban phosphorylation.
Abstract 12352: Apoptosis Signal-Regulating Kinase 1 is a Novel Therapeutic Target Molecule for Vascular Dementia
Authors: Kensuke Toyama, Keiichiro Kataoka, Nobutaka Koibuchi, Yi-Fei Dong, Daisuke Sueta, Tetsuji Katayama, Kenichiro Yata, Hidekazu Tomimoto, Hisao Ogawa, Shokei Kim-Mitsuyama
Journal: Circulation (2011)
Abstract 3421: Tissue Doppler Imaging and Magnetic Resonance in Isolated Left Ventricular Non-Compaction: Functional Assessment in a Paediatric Population
Authors: Caterina Ricci, Michael M Cheung, Michael R Ditchfield, Lyn Wilkinson, Trish Kelly, Michael Kean, Glenn Cahoon, Jane Koleff, Robert Weintraub
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Background:  Isolated LV non-compaction (ILVNC) is a poorly defined condition with an uncertain outcome. Whilst the distribution of non-compaction has been previously described, the relationship of these structural changes with regional functional derangement is unclear.   Methods:  We prospectively investigated patients (pts) by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI; Siemens 1.5T Avanto) and echocardiography (Philips iE33). All pts had a ratio of non-compacted myocardium to compacted myocardium ≥ 2:1 at end-systole by echo and at end-diastole by MRI. The number and distribution of non-compacted segments was based on the 17 segment model. MRI was performed using turbo spin echo, truFISP cine, and delayed enhancement breath hold sequences in standard planes. Transthoracic echo (TTE) was performed in apical long axis and parasternal short axis views. Pulse wave tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) was performed at the mitral valve annulus from an apical 4 chamber view. Colour TDI was performed in an apical 4 chamber view to assess strain (e) and strain rate (SR) in the basal and mid-ventricular segments. Imaging parameters were optimised to achieve frame rates >180/sec.   Results:  The mean age was 16.5 years (n=8). Of a potential 136 segments, 111 (82%) and 136 (100%) were visualized on echo and MRI respectively. Of these, 32 segments (32/111; 29%) showed non-compaction on echo and 49 segments (49/136; 36%) on MRI. No pt had evidence of fibrosis on delayed enhancement imaging. Global LV systolic function was impaired in 6 pts (EF    Conclusions:  Cardiac MRI is more sensitive than TTE in the diagnosis of ILVNC. Regional abnormalities of contraction detected by e and SR imaging are not confined to non-compacted segments. There was no evidence of fibrosis on delayed enhancement imaging to account for contractile dysfunction. These findings may have important implications for the management of pts with ILVNC.
Abstract 1604: Response to Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Differs Between Patients With and Without Previous Right Ventricular Pacing
Authors: Andrea M Thelen, Christopher L Kaufman, Kevin V Burns, Daniel R Kaiser, Aaron S Kelly, Alan J Bank
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Previous large studies on the effects of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in patients with heart failure have generally excluded patients previously paced from the right ventricle (RV). Previously RV paced patients (RVp) can exhibit an iatrogenic cause of dyssynchrony and reduced systolic function and thus, may respond differently to CRT than patients not previously RV paced (nRVp). The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that RVp patients have greater improvements in left ventricular systolic function, volumes, and dyssynchrony in response to CRT than nRVp. Methods: Standard echocardiograms with tissue Doppler imaging were performed before and after chronic CRT in RVp (n = 21, 16 male) and nRVp (n = 70, 54 male) heart failure patients. Ejection fraction (EF), left ventricular end diastolic (LVEDV) and systolic (LVESV) volumes were calculated using the biplane Simpson’s method. Longitudinal dyssynchrony was calculated as the standard deviation of time to peak displacement (TT-12) of 12 segments in the apical views. Using mid-ventricular short axis views and speckle-tracking methods, radial dyssynchrony (Rad dys ) was calculated as the maximal time difference between six myocardial segments for peak radial strain. Echo response was defined as ≥ 15% reduction in LVESV. Results are reported as mean ± SD. Results: Significant baseline differences (p &lt; 0.05) were observed between groups (RVp vs. nRVp) for age (74 ± 13 vs. 67 ± 13 year), follow-up time (6.1 ± 1.8 vs. 4.6 ± 2.1 months), LVEDV (154.3±50.8 vs.185.3±56.9 mL), and a trend for LVESV (112.4 ± 40.6 vs. 134.9 ± 47 mL, p = 0 .05). No differences were observed for EF, etiology of heart failure, and dyssynchrony measures between groups at baseline. Echo response rate was significantly ( p &lt; 0.05) greater in RVp (76%) than nRVp (57%). After adjusting for baseline differences, RVp had greater improvement in EF (14 ± 9 vs. 8 ± 7%, p &lt; 0.05) and LVESV (−33 ± 18 vs. −20 ± 21%, p &lt; 0.05). After adjustment for follow-up time, no difference was observed for change in dyssynchrony between groups. Conclusion: RVp patients upgraded to CRT exhibit greater improvements in systolic function and ventricular remodeling as compared to nRVp patients.
Abstract 11164: Resetting Aging Clock in the Senescent Stem Cells by Suppressing Microrna-146a Promotes Cardiomyogenesis in the Ischemic Heart
Authors: Ha Won Kim, Motoi Okada, Kaoru Matsu-ura, Muhammad Ashraf
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Stem cell-mediated cardiac repair is impaired with aging. Previously, we found that age-induced microRNA (miR)-146a was significantly increased in aged bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) as...
Abstract 16590: MiR-30e Reduces Plaque Burden in Atherogenic APOE-/- by Regulating VSMC Plasticity
Authors: Reldy Riveron, Razan Alif, Michael Raher, Paul Kurlansky, Lina A Shehadeh
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Objective:  Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are implicated in the pathogenesis of proliferative vascular diseases like atherosclerosis. Identification of pathways that mediate dysfunction of these cells will identify new therapeutic targets.   Method and Results:  In Situ Hybridization in mouse aortic (Ao) tissue showed that miR-30e is abundantly expressed in medial VSMCs. Using microrarrays and qPCR, we found that in mouse AoVSMCs, miR-30e lentiviral delivery increased ( p ) gene and protein expression of SM lineage markers (SM22α, Cnn1, Vcl) and decreased ( p ) chemokines (Cxcl1, Cxcl5, Cxcl15) - hallmarks of VSMC differentiation. Consistent with the differentiated phenotype, Electron Microscopy of VSMCs treated with miR-30e showed that the density of intracellular organelles, especially mitochondria was less (44% down;  p=.003 ) in cells treated with miR-30e relative to the Scrambled (Scr) oligo group. Transfection of AoVSMCs from SM22α-LacZ mice with 10nM 2’F premiR-30e oligos or a blank control for 24hrs showed significant induction of SM22α and CNN1 transcripts ( p=.03 ), and SM22α promoter activity ( p=.0001),  as measured by qPCR and β-Galactosidase assay, respectively. In young 6mo old APOE-/- mice on a HF diet, given a single dose (8.1x10 8  particles) of miR-30e (n=10) or a scr control (n=10) lentivirus via tail vein injection, thoracic Ao fat deposit was reduced as measured by Oil Red staining. Cholesterol and LDL levels were decreased significantly, by 40% and 50% respectively. Hepatic Hmgcr protein levels were reduced by 58% ( p=.048 ). Using double luciferase assay in 293Ts, we identified Hmgcr as a novel target for miR-30e indicated by reduction (p p ) but to a level less than that of the age-matched group of APOE-/- mice on normal chow.   Conclusion:  MiR-30e opposes the synthetic VSMC phenotype and promotes differentiation by activating the SM22a promoter. In atherogenic APOE-/- mice, miR-30e reduces plaque burden.
根除幽门螺杆菌——谁会受益？主要是内镜证实的消化性溃疡或功能性消化不良患者
Authors: 李柯（译）, 林三仁（校）
Journal: BMJ (2006)

消化不良（dyspepsia）最新的定义是指明显的上腹部疼痛至少持续4周，伴或不伴有烧心。胃-食道反流性疾病（gastro—oesophageal reflux disease，GORD）则是指以烧心为突出症状。当内镜检查排除消化性溃疡后，这两个定义是实用及合理的，但对于尚未进行内镜检查的患者，这两个定义就不能充分说明问题。因此，2004年英国国立临床卫生优选研究所（National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence，
Abstract 1267: Essential Roles of PDK-1 in the Regulation of {beta}-Adrenergic Response and Cell Survival in the Hearts.
Authors: Kaoru Ito, Hiroshi Akazawa, Noritaka Yasuda, Yoko Kudo, Qin Yingjie, Chie Ryo, Haruaki Nakaya, Issei Komuro
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: The 3-phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 (PDK-1) is a ubiquitously expressed kinase that plays important roles in mediating a variety of effects of growth factors on cells. In particul...
Coexpression of PDGF and PDGF-Receptors Genes in Human Astrrocytic Gliomas
Authors: A. Mauro, A. Bulfone, A. Di Sapio, L. Sosso, D. Schiffer
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (1991)

The expression of gene sequences related to PDGF A and B chains and of PDGF B-type receptor in human glioma biopsies was analyzed. The major part of astrocytic gliomas expressed transcripts for these genes at higher levels than found in peritumoral and in normal nervous tissue specimens. Our results are in agreement with the hypothesis of an autocrine growth stimulation in astrocytic gliomas, mediated by PDGF and PDGF receptors. Moreover, PDGF may be involved in paracrine mechanisms responsible for endothelial hyperplasias in malignant gliomas.
Catatonia, gastric hyperacidity, and fatal aspiration: a preventable syndrome
Authors: R F Bort
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1976)

Sudden death from aspiration pneumonitis during acute catatonia is a generally recognized but poorly understood occurrence. The author describes a case in which a schizophrenic patient died following aspiration of gastric contents. In view of findings that suggest that the acidity of gastric contents is related to morbidity following aspiration, he recommends that liquid antacid medication be given routinely to catatonic patients.
Abstract 13050: Antegrade Late Diastolic Arterial Flow in the Fetus: Insight Into Early Fetal Hemodynamics
Authors: Lisa Howley, Yuka Yamamoto, Priya Sekar, Sven-Erik Sonesson, Venu Jain, Jean Trines, Winnie Savard, Lisa Hornberger
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Antegrade late diastolic pulmonary arterial flow is a hallmark of restrictive right ventricular physiology after birth. We recently discovered that antegrade late diastolic arterial flow (ALDAF) occurs in the early fetus (Figure). We hypothesized that ALDAF in the fetus represents flow during atrial systole and that it potentially contributes to fetal cardiac output. Methods: Three hundred and five normal fetal echocardiograms performed on 113 patients between 6–30 weeks of gestation were evaluated for ALDAF. The velocity time integral (VTI) of the ALDAF and ventricular systolic Doppler signal (V) were measured and the relative contribution of the ALDAF VTI to the total forward VTI, as a measure of ventricular output, was expressed as a percentage. Timing of onset of ALDAF to the ventricular systolic Doppler onset was measured and compared to the atrio-ventricular (A-V) interval measured from a simultaneous ventricular inflow-outflow Doppler recording. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOV...
Abstract 2290: A Genetic Model of Dilated Cardiomyopathy Mediated by Small Vessel Ischemia
Authors: Chia-Jen Siao, Tina Marinic, Barbara L Hempstead
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Nerve growth factor (NGF) is expressed in many extraneuronal tissues, including the heart, and mediates cell survival by binding to the neurotrophin receptor TrkA. In addition, our lab showed that ...
Abstract 3357: Haemodialysis Induced Contractile Dysfunction is Associated with Acute and Reversible Reduction in Global and Segmental Myocardial Blood Flow
Authors: James Burton, Nicholas Selby, Lucia Leccisotti, Shvan Korsheed, Christopher McIntyre, Paolo Camici
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Hemodialysis (HD) is associated with acute cardiac ischemia, as evidenced by the development of regional wall motion abnormalities (RWMAs). Repetitive acute myocardial ischemia may lead to the development of chronic left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. This study utilised serial H 2 15 O PET scans to confirm that the development of HD-induced RWMAs was associated with reduction in myocardial blood flow (MBF). Four prevalent HD patients without angiographically significant coronary artery disease (CAD) had measurements of MBF during standard HD and biofeedback dialysis (BFD). All patients underwent serial measurements of MBF using PET. Echocardiography was used concurrently to assess LV function. Hemodynamic variables were measured using continuous pulse wave analysis. Mean pre-HD MBF was within the normal range. Global MBF was acutely reduced during HD (see figure ) (P&lt;0.002). Segmental MBF was significantly reduced in areas that developed RWMAs compared to those that did not (P&lt;0.001). Not all regions with reduced MBF were functionally affected but a reduction in MBF of &gt;30% from baseline was associated with the development of RWMAs (P&lt;0.01). No significant differences in haemodynamic tolerability, RWMA development or MBF between dialysis modality were observed. HD is associated with repetitive myocardial ischemia which in absence of significant CAD may be due to coronary microvascular dysfunction. Stress induced, segmental LV dysfunction correlates with a matched reduction in MBF. Functional post-stress recovery is consistent with myocardial stunning induced by HD. This process may be an important component in the development of heart failure in chronic HD patients.