tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Did You Pack Your Bags Yourself?: Screening Programme Evaluation Applied to Airport Security
Authors: Eleni Linos, Elizabeth Linos, Graham Colditz
Journal: BMJ (2007)

This article reports on the United Kingdom's National Screening Committee's project of assessing airport security screening technologies on the basis of sound scientific evidence and advise on whether they should be implemented, continued, or withdrawn. The authors review the criteria used to evaluate screening programs, including security programs and other screening methods such as those used for medical conditions. They also systemically reviewed the literature on airport security screening tools. The authors conclude by calling for an open public and academic debate on airport security screening systems. Rigorous evaluation of the current system is the first step in building an airport security system that is more user-friendly and cost-effective and that protects passengers from realistic threats.
Abstract 13437: Sirt7 Deficiency Increases the Risk of Cardiac Rupture after Murine Model of Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Satoshi Araki, Yasuhiro Izumiya, Takafumi Senokuchi, Taku Rokutanda, Eva Bober, Thomas Braun, Kazuya Yamagata, Hisao Ogawa
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Introduction: Sirt7, one of the seven members of the mammalian sirtuin family, is involved in age-dependent cardiac malfunction. However, the role of Sirt7 in acute cardiac insult has not been inve...
Cerebral Circulation and Stroke.
Authors: Klaus Joachim Zülch
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Clinico-Pathological Studies on Cerebrovascular Disease.- Internal Carotid Artery Stenosis and Occlusion. A Short Pathological and Clinical Survey.- Microangiographic Study of Ischemic Cortical Lesions (Outside the Supply-Territory) Following Carotid Thrombosis.- The Recurrent Artery of Heubner. A Morphological Study of the Blood Supply of the Rostral Basal Ganglia in Normal and Pathological Conditions.- Clinical Syndromes Due to Ischemia in the Distribution of the Vertebro-Basilar Arterial System.- Vertebro-Basilar Occlusion and its Morphological Sequelae.- The Vascular Syndrome of the Parieto-Temporo-Occipital Triangle. Based on 18 Cases.- Research on Cerebral Circulation at the Faculty of Medicine of Toulouse.- Morphological Studies in Vivo: Angiography.- Arteriography of Collateral Circulation in Cerebrovascular Disease.- Some Basic Patterns of the Collateral Circulation of the Cerebral Arteries.- Functional Studies on Normal and Pathological Cerebral Blood Flow.- Fundamental Aspects of the Human Cerebral Circulation in Cerebrovascular Disease.- The Focal Cerebrovascular Lesion. A Survey of Recent Studies with Isotope Techniques and their Clinical Implications.- The Intracerebral Steal: A Phenomenon in the Pathogenesis of Focal Brain Ischemia.- The Effect of Vascular Perfusion on the Functional and Morphological Sequelae of Transient Cerebral Ischemia.- Studies of Rapid Changes in Cerebral Circulation and Metabolism during Arousal and Rapid Eye Movement Sleep in Human Subjects with Cerebrovascular Disease.- Influence of Aggregated Blood Cells on Cerebrovascular Disease.- Clinical Features and Pathogenesis of Cerebrovascular Disease: Hypertension and Hypotension.- Hypertension: Permanent or Temporary Cause of Cerebral Infarction and Insufficiency.- Hypertension and Cerebral Atherosclerosis in Relation to Cerebral Infarction and Cerebral Hemorrhage.- Arterial Thrombosis and Microembolism.- Local and Relative Hypotension as the Cause of Cerebrovascular Accidents.- Circadian Changes of Blood Pressure and Stroke.- Therapy.- The Possibilities of Surgical Therapy in Cerebrovascular Disease.
Abstract 9720: Trends In The Prevalence Of Coronary Heart Disease And Congestive Heart Failure Among Adult Population In The U.s.: National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey 2001-2008
Authors: Sung Sug (Sarah) Yoon, Charles Dillon, Kachi Illoh, Margaret Carroll, Jacqueline Wright
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Objectives: To evaluate overall trends in the prevalence of coronary heart disease (CHD) and congestive heart failure (CHF) in the U.S. population aged 40 years and older. Methods: A total of 13866 individuals aged 40 and older participated in the household interview and of these 13,067 were both interviewed and examined in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2001-2008). Demographic variables (age, gender, race/ethnicity, education and health insurance) and risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, high cholesterol and body mass index) were included. Definition of coronary heart disease, congestive heart failure and undiagnosed angina as follows: Results: The prevalence of coronary heart disease significantly decreased from 10.3% in 2001-2002 to 8.7% in 2007-2008 ( P-trend &lt; 0.05) but no changes were observed in CHF. CHD prevalence among women ( P-trend = 0.05) and adults with health insurance ( P-trend &lt; 0.05) significantly decreased. In adults who had a total cholesterol &lt; 240 mg/dl, CHD prevalence significantly decreased in those without hypertension and in adults who did not have diabetes ( p-trend &lt; 0.05 for all groups). The prevalence of angina significantly decreased from 4.8% in 2001-2002 to 3.2% in 2007-2008 ( P-trend &lt; 0.05). Meanwhile, the overall prevalence of MI remained unchanged. Conclusion: The overall prevalence of CHD significantly decreased in the 8 years survey period. The results suggest that the overall decreased prevalence in CHD may have been primarily driven by the decreased prevalence in angina because the prevalence of the other components of CHD did not change over this 8 year interval.
Digest of State and Federal Laws Dealing with Prostitution and Other Sex Offenses, with Notes on the Control of the Sale of Alcoholic Beverages as it Relates to Prostitution Activities
Authors: George Gould, Roy Ernest Dickerson, Johnson, Bascom, b., Paul M. Kinsie
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 1985: Driving Restrictions in Patients with Implantable Cardiac Defibrillator for Primary Prevention - A Web Survey
Authors: Hema Korlakunta, Huagui Li, David Cloutier, Xuedong Shen, Aryan Mooss, Syed M Mohiuddin
Journal: Circulation (2006)

According to ACC/AHA/NSAPE 2002 Guideline Update for Implantation of Cardiac Pacemakers and Antiarrhythmia Devices, current policies on driving advise the patient with an ICD to avoid operating a m...
Survival with newly diagnosed metastatic prostate cancer in the “docetaxel era”: Data from &gt;600 patients in the control arm of the STAMPEDE trial (NCT00268476).
Authors: Noel W Clarke, Nicholas David James, Malcolm David Mason, Daniel M. Aebersold, David Paul Dearnaley, Johann Sebastian De Bono, Chris Parker, Mahesh Parmar, Alastair WS Ritchie, J. Martin Russell, Melissa Ruth Spears, George N. Thalmann, Matthew Robert Sydes
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

5012 Background: STAMPEDE (www.stampedetrial.org) recruits men with newly-diagnosed or rapidly relapsing prostate cancer (PCa) that is metastatic (M1) or high-risk locally advanced, all commencing long-term androgen ablation therapy (AAT) for the first time. This is now the largest therapeutic RCT in PCa. We report survival outcomes for newly-diagnosed M1 control arm men in order to inform future trials in this setting. Methods: Newly-diagnosed men with M1 disease in the trial’s control arm (standard of care: AAT alone for at least 2yr), diagnosed up to 6 months prior to randomisation, were identified from trial records in Dec-2012. We report overall survival (OS) and failure-free survival (FFS) from randomisation by primary disease characteristics. Results: 3703 men were recruited to STAMPEDE Oct-2005 to Dec-2012, including a control arm cohort of 630 M1 men with newly-diagnosed disease. This cohort has median age at randomisation 66yr (quartiles 60-71), median PSA 105 (quartiles 34-379) IU/l; metastases to bone only (B) 393 (62%), soft tissue only (ST) 78 (13%) or bone and soft tissue (B+ST) 159 (25%). ST was mainly lymph nodes. Median time from diagnosis to randomisation is 69 days (max 180 days). Median duration of AAT prior to randomisation is 46 days (max 105 days). There were 129 deaths, of which 111 were from PCa. Median OS from randomisation is 42 months, with 2-yr OS 74% (95%CI 68, 78) in this cohort; B 77% (95%CI 71, 83), ST 85% (95%CI 70, 93), B+ST 57% (95%CI 45, 68). Median FFS is 12 months, driven by rising PSA; 2-yr FFS 32% (95%CI 27-37). Median time from FFS event to death was 22 months. Additional data on relapse therapies will be presented. Conclusions: Survival, and particularly FFS, remains relatively poor for men presenting with M1 disease starting long-term AAT, despite potential access when castration-resistant (CRPC) to docetaxel and other newer therapies. Better first-line therapy is required; STAMPEDE will report many comparisons in the future. Different M1 patterns may vary prognostically. Men with M1 disease will now spend most time in a state of CRPC, which has important implications for clinicians and trialists. Clinical trial information: NCT00268476.
Zoledronic acid compliance and persistency in bone metastases due to breast, lung, and prostate cancer
Authors: B. A. Feinberg, J. W. Gilmore, M. N. Saleh, T. Gondesen, J. Jackson, V. Barghout, N. Mody-Patel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

17513 Background: The purpose of this study was to assess medication compliance and persistency in breast, lung, and prostate cancer patients with bone metastases receiving Zoledronic acid (ZOL) in a community practice setting. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study of an electronic medical record database from a large oncology/hematology practice in southeastern United States. Patients were included with a medical diagnosis of breast, lung, or prostate cancer, followed by a medical diagnosis of bone metastases, initiation of ZOL (1/1/2004–10/1/2006) and at least 12 months of follow-up time. Compliance, or medication possession ratio (MPR), was calculated as a percentage dividing the number of days medication was available during the 12 months. Persistency was defined as time to therapy interruption evaluated over a 12-month timeframe from initiation of ZOL. Results: A total of 874, 514, and 335 patients were identified with breast, lung, and prostate cancer with bone metastatis, respectively. Approximately 85%, 70%, and 78% of breast, lung, and prostate cancer patients, respectively, were receiving a bisphosphonate. After applying inclusion criteria, 222, 59, and 93 patients with breast, lung, and prostate cancer, respectively, were included in the final analysis. Mean age was 58.7 for breast cancer, 65.1 for lung cancer, and 70.9 for prostate cancer. MPR during the 12-month timeframe was 85.4%, 82.3%, and 84.8% for breast, lung, and prostate cancer. A therapy interruption of > 35 days during the 1-year timeframe was noted in 68.5%, 74.6%, and 77.4% of breast lung, and prostate cancer patients. Of those individuals with a therapy interruption, 88.8%, 77.3%, and 81.9% restarted treatment within one year in the breast, lung, and prostate cancer cohorts, respectively. Overall, mean time to restarting treatment ranged from 53 days (SD = 20) in the prostate cancer cohort to 61 (SD = 44 and 47) days in the breast and lung cancer cohort. Conclusions: Overall, 15%, 30% and 22% of patients with breast, lung, and prostate cancer, respectively did not receive a bisphosphonate, even though they had a diagnosis of bone metastases where therapy is indicated. The majority of patients had their therapy interrupted during the course of 1 year and up to 25% did not restart treatment. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation
Hemoglobin. Cooperativity and Electronic Properties.
Authors: Mitchel Weissbluth
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

I Amino Acids, Peptides and Proteins.- 1.1 Amino Acids.- 1.2 Peptides.- 1.3 Proteins.- II Hemoglobin.- 2.1 Primary Structure.- 2.2 Spin States.- 2.3 Heme.- 2.4 Secondary and Tertiary Structure.- 2.5 Quaternary Structure.- 2.6 Dissociated Hemoglobin.- III Oxygenation Characteristics.- 3.1 Equilibrium Curves.- 3.2 Quantitative Description.- 3.3 The Bohr Effect.- 3.4 Thermodynamic and Kinetic Properties.- IV Approaches to Cooperativity.- 4.1 The Monod-Wyman-Changeux (MWC) Model.- 4.2 The Koshland-Nemethy-Filmer (KNF) Model.- 4.3 Stereochemical Theory.- 4.4 Magnetic Resonance.- 4.5 Discussion.- V Electronic States of Iron.- 5.1 Free Ions.- 5.2 Cubic Symmetry.- 5.2.1 Symmetry Elements.- 5.2.2 Basis Functions.- 5.2.3 Coupling Coefficients.- 5.2.4 Crystal Field Potential.- 5.3 Tetragonal and Rhombic Symmetries.- 5.4 One-Electron Energies.- 5.5 Multielectron Configurations.- 5.6 Kramers Theorem.- 5.7 The Jahn-Teller Effect.- 5.8 Molecular Orbitals.- VI Magnetic Properties.- 6.1 General Features.- 6.1.1 Electron Spin Resonance.- 6.1.2 Paramagnetic Susceptibility.- 6.2 Electron Spin Resonance of Low-Spin Ferrihemoglobin.- 6.3 Electron Spin Resonance of High-Spin Ferrihemoglobin.- 6.3.1 Spin-Orbit Coupling.- 6.3.2 Spin Hamiltonian.- 6.3.3 Interaction with a Magnetic Field.- 6.4 Paramagnetic Susceptibility.- 6.4.1 Low-Spin Ferrihemoglobin.- 6.4.2 High-Spin Ferrihemoglobin.- 6.4.3 Ferrohemoglobin.- 6.5 Discussion.- VII Molecular Orbitals and Optical Spectra.- 7.1 Computational Method.- 7.1.1 Extended Huckel Method with Self-Consistent Charge (EH-SCC).- 7.1.2 Symmetry Considerations.- 7.2 Results of Molecular Orbital Calculations.- 7.3 Optical Spectra.- VIII Mossbauer Spectroscopy.- 8.1 General Features.- 8.1.1 Isomer Shift.- 8.1.2 Quadrupole Splitting.- 8.1.3 Magnetic Hyperfine Interactions.- 8.2 Mossbauer Spectra of Hemoglobin.- 8.3 Theoretical Interpretation and Discussion.- 8.3.1 Quadrupole Splitting.- 8.3.2 Magnetic Hyperfine Interaction.- IX Further Aspects.- 9.1 Diamagnetism of Oxyhemoglobin.- 9.2 The Jahn-Teller Effect and Cooperativity in Hemoglobin.- References.
Co-Administration Of Gene-Modified CD4+ T Cells Targeting HLA Class I-Restricted WT1 Epitope Diversely Enhances The Antitumor Effect Mediated By Redirected T-Cell Based Adoptive Immunotherapy Against Human Leukemia
Authors: Hiroshi Fujiwara, Fumihiro Ochi, Toshiki Ochi, Hiroaki Asai, Yukihiro Miyazaki, Taichi Azuma, Sachiko Okamoto, Junichi Mineno, Miwako Narita, Kiyotaka Kuzushima, Hiroshi Shiku, Masaki Yasukawa
Journal: Blood (2013)
PREVENTIVE IMMUNIZATION IN A NATIONAL EMERGENCY
Authors: R E DYER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1951)

Article1 October 1951PREVENTIVE IMMUNIZATION IN A NATIONAL EMERGENCYR. E. DYER, M.D.R. E. DYER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-35-4-771 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe Board of Regents of the American College of Physicians has conferred a great honor upon me in selecting me as the James D. Bruce Memorial lecturer in preventive medicine. It is with a feeling of great pride that I accept this honor. James D. Bruce was born in 1872 and died in 1946. During his early life, necessity for preventive medicine and specific immunizing procedures in a national emergency was forcibly emphasized by the losses suffered by our troops in the Spanish American War, particularly from typhoid fever and yellow fever. The beginning of modern preventive medicine and the... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Emory University, Georgia*James D. Bruce Memorial Lecture, presented at the Thirty-second Annual Session of the American College of Physicians, St. Louis, Mo., April 9, 1951. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 October 1951Volume 35, Issue 4Page: 771-778KeywordsEmotionsFeversHispanic peoplePreventive medicineTyphoid ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 October 1951 PDF downloadLoading ...
A dose-finding study of fondaparinux in patients with non–ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes
Authors: Maarten L. Simoons, Inge W.G. Bobbink, Jean Boland, Martin Gardien, Peter Klootwijk, Anthonie W.A. Lensing, Witold Ruzyllo, Victor A.W.M. Umans, Alec Vahanian, Frans Van De Werf, Uwe Zeymer
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Predictors for optimal cytoreduction following neoadjuvant chemotherapy in advanced epithelial ovarian carcinoma
Authors: D. de Jong, J. E. Dodge, O. Freedman, E. Lo, B. P. Rosen, H. Mackay
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

5512 Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is increasingly used to treat patients (pts) with presumed advanced-stage epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) who are deemed ineligible for upfront debulking surgery (DS). DS following NAC offers a survival benefit to those pts in whom optimal cytoreduction (&lt; 1 cm residual tumor) is achieved. However, not all women who commence NAC have a subsequent attempt at DS. The aims of this study were to identify, in pts planned for NAC, predictive parameters for attempting DS and for achieving optimal cytoreduction in those undergoing surgery. Methods: Pts with presumed stage IIIC or IV EOC who started NAC between 1998 and 2004 were selected for chart review from our institutional ovarian cancer database. Pts with synchronous primary tumors or final pathology inconsistent with EOC were excluded. Age, presence of ascites, Pre NAC hemoglobin (Hb), platelet count (Pls), and CA-125 were explored as possible predictors of attempting DS and of optimal cytoreduction using Kruskal-Wallis analysis and multivariate regression analysis with backward elimination. Results: 212 pts met inclusion criteria. 164 pts (77.4%) had an attempt at DS after NAC; of these 109 pts (66.4%) were optimally cytoreduced. Age and pre-NAC Pls were independent predictors for attempting DS. Median age of pts undergoing DS was 65 years (range 42–82 yrs) compared to 77 yrs (range 54–89 yrs) in those in whom there was no DS attempt, p &lt; 0.01. Median pre NAC Pls of pts undergoing DS was 398 (range 220–685) *10 9 /L, compared to 298 (178–519) for those not proceeding to DS, p &lt; 0.001. Pre NAC Hb, CA125, and ascites were not predictors of DS. Among pts undergoing DS, age was the only independent predictor of optimal cytoreduction identified: median age of pts (optimal vs. suboptimal cytoreduction) was 57yrs (range 42–73 yrs) vs. 67 yrs (49–82yrs), p &lt; 0.001. Presence of ascites, pre-NAC Hb, pre-NAC Pls, and pre-NAC CA-125 were not predictors of optimal cytoreduction. Conclusions: At our centre, pt age and pre-NAC Pls are independent predictors for attempting DS following NAC for advanced stage EOC. In pts undergoing DS age was the only independent predictor of optimal cytoreduction identified. Further investigation of these findings is warranted. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Fetal surgery
Authors: D. Farmer
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Most disorders diagnosed before birth are best managed by treatment after birth. However, a few diseases with predictable devastating developmental consequences may benefit from fetal treatment. Surgical intervention on the human fetus has been performed for more than two decades in the United States, primarily at two centres. Recently, fetal surgery has become an international endeavour, with nearly a dozen centres worldwide. Also until recently, only fetuses with life threatening defects were considered candidates for prenatal correction. Now fetal surgical procedures are being performed for non-lethal conditions. Despite the expansion of fetal surgery, several ethical considerations still linger.

The fundamental conflict in fetal surgery is balancing the risks to both mother and fetus against the potential benefit to only the fetus.1 As the mother is an innocent bystander in the endeavour her involvement entails only risk. A major intervention to save the life of a fetus seems warranted if maternal risks can be minimised and good fetal outcome assured. 2 3 If one can minimise maternal risk by avoiding hysterotomy and its attendant lifelong risk of uterine rupture then a more minor improvement in fetal outcome might be tolerated. Fetal oversight committees have been created at most centres performing fetal surgery to act as multidisciplinary advisory and quality assurance committees. These committees review every single fetal surgical procedure performed in their institution. This nascent field is largely self regulated through the commitment of those involved in the International Fetal Medicine and Surgical Society.

Principles developed in the 1980s that underlie clinical application of …
Abstract 1775: Prognostic Value of Exercise and Dobutamine Positron Emission Tomography
Authors: Owayed Al Shammeri, Rob Beanlands, Terrence Ruddy, Robert deKemp, Benjamin Chow
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Introduction Positron emission tomography (PET) is commonly performed using vasodilator stress, but exercise and dobutamine stress is available to patients with contraindications to vasodilators. Vasodilator PET appears to have prognostic value, however the prognostic value of PET using stressors which induce myocardial ischemia have not been well evaluated. Hypothesis To evaluate the prognostic value of myocardial demand ischemia induced by treadmill exercise and dobutamine PET. Methods 124 patients (mean age = 61.29 ± 10.73 years; 87 men) had treadmill exercise or dobutamine Rb-82 or N-13 ammonia PET. Images were assessed qualitatively using a 17-segment model and a semi-quantitative visual score (five-point scale) to calculate the summed stress score (SSS). Images were categorized as normal (SSS&lt;4), abnormal (SSS ≥ 4) or inconclusive (SSS&lt; 4 and suboptimal treadmill exercise or dobutamine stress). Follow-up was performed to ascertain outcomes (cardiac death, nonfatal MI and/or late revascularization. Results Of the 124 patients, 46 (37.1%) had a normal PET, 15 (12.1%) had an inconclusive study, and 63 (50.1%) had an abnormal PET (mean follow up 2.8 ± 1.4 years). There were no deaths or non-fatal MI but 1 late revascularization (annual event rate = 1.7%) in the group with a normal PET. Abnormal PET MPI group had 15 cardiac events (1 cardiac death, 4 nonfatal MI, and 10 late revascularization) with an annual event rate of 13.0% (p = 0.002). Conclusions Though small, this study suggests that myocardial PET perfusion defects resulting from demand ischemia induced by treadmill exercise and dobutamine stress may have prognostic value.