tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
<i>Pseudomonas</i> Infection Outbreak Associated with a Hotel Swimming Pool — Maine, March 2023
Authors: Liz Lamere, Emer Smith, Heather Grieser, Matthew Arduino, Michele C. Hlavsa, Stephen Combes
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2024)

Treated recreational water venues (e.g., pools and hot tubs) located at hotels represent one third of sources of reported treated recreational water-associated outbreaks; when these outbreaks are caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, they predominantly occur during January-April.On March 8, 2023, the Maine Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Maine CDC) initiated an investigation in response to reports of illness among persons who had used a swimming pool at hotel A during March 4-5.A questionnaire was distributed to guests who were at hotel A during March 1-7.Among 35 guests who responded, 23 (66%) developed ear pain, rash, or pain or swelling in feet or hands within days of using the pool during March 4-5.P. aeruginosa, a chlorine-susceptible bacterium, was identified in cultures obtained from skin lesions of three patients; a difference of two single nucleotide polymorphisms was found between isolates from two patients' specimens, suggesting a common exposure.Hotel A management voluntarily closed the pool, and Maine CDC's Health Inspection Program identified multiple violations, including having no disinfectant feeder system, all of which had been identified during a previous inspection.Because chlorine had been added to the pool water after the pool was voluntary closed, environmental samples were not collected.The pool remained closed until violations were addressed.Health departments can play an important role in reducing the risk for outbreaks associated with hotel pools and hot tubs.This reduction in risk can be achieved by collaborating with operators to ensure compliance with public health codes, including maintaining chlorine concentration and otherwise vigilantly managing the pool, and by disseminating prevention messages to pool and hot tub users. Investigation and Results Reports of Illnesses Associated with Hotel A Swimming Pool
Mpox Outbreak — Los Angeles County, California, May 4–August 17, 2023
Authors: Colleen M. Leonard, Kathleen Poortinga, Erin Nguyen, Abraar Karan, Sonali Kulkarni, Rebecca Cohen, Jacob M. Garrigues, Amy N. Marutani, Nicole M. Green, Andrea A. Kim,, Kwa Sey, Mario J. Pérez
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2024)

Since May 2022, approximately 2,500 mpox cases have been reported in Los Angeles County (LAC), California.Beginning in May 2023, the LAC Department of Public Health observed a consistent increase in mpox cases after a prolonged period of low incidence.A total of 56 cases were identified during May 4-August 17, 2023.A minority of mpox patients were fully vaccinated (29%).One patient was hospitalized; no deaths were reported.Two cases of reinfection occurred, both of which were associated with mild illness.The increasing number of cases during this period was significant, as few other health departments in the United States reported an increase in mpox cases during the same period.The outbreak spread similarly to the 2022 U.S. mpox outbreak, mainly through sexual contact among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men.Vaccination against mpox became available in June 2022 and has been shown to be effective at preventing mpox disease.This outbreak was substantially smaller than the 2022 mpox outbreak in LAC (2,280 cases); possible explanations for the lower case count include increased immunity provided from vaccination against mpox and population immunity from previous infections.Nonetheless, mpox continues to spread within LAC, and preventive measures, such as receipt of JYNNEOS vaccination, are recommended for persons at risk of Monkeypox virus exposure.28 ( 88) 2 (0-55) 3 (0-10) 2 (0-3) 1 (0-55) Median age, yrs (IQR) Current gender identity Male Sexual orientation Gay or bisexual Heterosexual Other/Unknown Race and ethnicity Black or African American, non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Hispanic or Latino Other Geographic area Metro LA area Outside metro LA Persons living with HIV CD4 >350 CD4 200-350 Not virally suppressed † Persons who are HIV-negative Receiving HIV PrEP § Persons hospitalized for mpox Symptoms ¶ Pruritis Fever Chills Enlarged lymph nodes Rectal bleeding Lesions on the genital area Received tecovirimat Reported contact with someone with mpox ¶, ** symptoms Reported sexual contact 3 weeks before episode date ¶, † † Median no. of sex partners (range) ¶, ** Reported travel outside LA county ≤3 wks before episode date ¶, † † 13 (24) 5 (31) 2 (29) 6 (19)Abbreviations: LA = Los Angeles; PrEP = preexposure prophylaxis.* Some percentages might not sum to 100% because of rounding.† Last viral load result >200 copies/mL or no viral load result reported in previous 12 months.§ At time of mpox case interview; all persons who were HIV-negative were interviewed.¶ Fifty-five of 56 patients were interviewed, including all who were fully vaccinated, seven out of eight who were partially vaccinated, and all who were unvaccinated.** Three weeks before symptom onset.† † Episode date is calculated from the symptom onset date or specimen collection date if symptom onset is unknown.
The effect of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors on left cardiac remodelling in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Muhammad Shariq Usman, James L. Januzzi, Stefan D. Anker, Ali Salman, Puja B. Parikh, Marianna Adamo, Gerasimos Filippatos, Muhammad Shahzeb Khan, Anuradha Lala, Subodh Verma, Marco Metra, Javed Butler
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2024)
Unveiling an Overlooked Link—Promising Drug Efficacy in Lowering Withdrawal Rates in Cancer Trials
Authors: Michioki Endo, Akihiko Ozaki, Masahiro Kami
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2024)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Endocrine-Sensitive Disease Rate in Postmenopausal Patients With Estrogen Receptor–Rich/ERBB2-Negative Breast Cancer Receiving Neoadjuvant Anastrozole, Fulvestrant, or Their Combination
Authors: Cynthia X. Ma, Vera J. Suman, Souzan Sanati, Kiran Vij, Meenakshi Anurag, A. Marilyn Leitch, Gary W. Unzeitig, Jeremy Hoog, Aranzazu Fernandez-Martinez, Cheng Fan, Richard A. Gibbs, Mark A. Watson, Travis J. Dockter, Olwen Hahn, Joseph M. Guenther, Abigail Caudle, Erika Crouch, Amy Tiersten, Monica Mita, Wajeeha Razaq, Tina J. Hieken, Yang Wang, Mothaffar F. Rimawi, Anna Weiss, Eric P. Winer, Kelly K. Hunt, Charles M. Perou, Matthew J. Ellis, Ann H. Partridge, Lisa A. Carey
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2024)

Adding fulvestrant to anastrozole (A+F) improved survival in postmenopausal women with advanced estrogen receptor (ER)-positive/ERBB2 (formerly HER2)-negative breast cancer. However, the combination has not been tested in early-stage disease.
The Impact of Circulating Tumor Cell HOXB13 RNA Detection in Men with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (mCRPC) Treated with Abiraterone or Enzalutamide
Authors: Susan Halabi, Siyuan Guo, Joseph J. Park, David M. Nanus, Daniel J. George, Emmanuel S. Antonarakis, Daniel Costin Danila, Russell Zelig Szmulewitz, Donald P. McDonnell, John D. Norris, Changxue Lu, Jun Luo, Andrew J. Armstrong
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2024)

Abstract Purpose: HOXB13 is an androgen receptor (AR) coregulator specifically expressed in cells of prostatic lineage. We sought to associate circulating tumor cell (CTC) HOXB13 expression with outcomes in men with mCRPC treated with abiraterone or enzalutamide. Experimental Design: We conducted a retrospective analysis of the multicenter prospective PROPHECY trial of mCRPC men (NCT02269982, n = 118) treated with abiraterone/enzalutamide. CTC detection and HOXB13 complementary DNA (cDNA) expression was measured using a modified Adnatest, grouping patients into 3 categories: CTC 0 (undetectable); CTC+ HOXB13 CTC low (&amp;lt;4 copies); or CTC+ HOXB13 CTC high. The HOXB13 threshold was determined by maximally selected rank statistics for prognostic associations with overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Results: We included 102 men with sufficient CTC HOXB13 cDNA, identifying 25%, 31%, and 44% of patients who were CTC 0, CTC+ HOXB13 low, and CTC+ HOXB13 high, respectively. Median OS were 25.7, 27.8, and 12.1 months whereas the median PFS were 9.0, 7.7, and 3.8 months, respectively. In subgroup analysis among men with CellSearch CTCs ≥5 copies/mL and adjusting for prior abi/enza treatment and Halabi clinical risk score, the multivariate HR for HOXB13 CTC detection was 2.39 (95% CI, 1.06–5.40) for OS and 2.78 (95% CI, 1.38–5.59) for PFS, respectively. Low HOXB13 CTC detection was associated with lower CTC PSA, PSMA, AR-FL, and AR-V7 detection, and more liver/lung metastases (41% vs. 25%). Conclusions: Higher CTC HOXB13 expression is associated with AR-dependent biomarkers in CTCs and is adversely prognostic in the context of potent AR inhibition in men with mCRPC.
Operative vs Nonoperative Management of Unstable Medial Malleolus Fractures
Authors: Thomas H. Carter, William M. Oliver, Katrina R. Bell, Catriona Graham, Andrew D. Duckworth, Timothy O. White
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

Importance Unstable ankle fractures are routinely managed operatively. However, because of soft tissue and implant-related complications, recent literature has reported on the nonoperative management of well-reduced medial malleolus fractures after fibular stabilization, but with limited evidence supporting the routine application. Objective To assess the superiority of internal fixation of well-reduced (displacement ≤2 mm) medial malleolus fractures compared with nonfixation after fibular stabilization. Design, Setting, and Participants This superiority, pragmatic, parallel, prospective randomized clinical trial was conducted from October 1, 2017, to August 31, 2021. A total of 154 adult participants (≥16 years) with a closed, unstable bimalleolar or trimalleolar ankle fracture requiring surgery at an academic major trauma center in the UK were assessed. Exclusion criteria included injuries with no medial-sided fracture, open fractures, neurovascular injury, and the inability to comply with follow-up. Data analysis was performed in July 2022 and confirmed in September 2023. Interventions Once the lateral (and where appropriate, posterior) malleolus had been fixed and satisfactory intraoperative reduction of the medial malleolus fracture was confirmed by the operating surgeon, participants were randomly allocated to fixation (n = 78) or nonfixation (n = 76) of the medial malleolus. Main Outcome and Measure Olerud-Molander Ankle Score (OMAS) 1 year after randomization (range, 0-100 points, with 0 indicating worst possible outcome and 100 indicating best possible outcome). Results Among 154 randomized participants (mean [SD] age, 56.5 [16.7] years; 119 [77%] female), 144 (94%) completed the trial. At 1 year, the median OMAS was 80.0 (IQR, 60.0-90.0) in the fixation group compared with 72.5 (IQR, 55.0-90.0) in the nonfixation group ( P = .17). Complication rates were comparable. Significantly more patients in the nonfixation group developed a radiographic nonunion (20% vs 0%; P &amp;amp;lt; .001), with 8 of 13 clinically asymptomatic; 1 patient required surgical reintervention for this. Fracture type and reduction quality appeared to influence fracture union and patient outcome. Conclusions and Relevance In this randomized clinical trial comparing internal fixation of well-reduced medial malleolus fractures with nonfixation, after fibular stabilization, fixation was not superior according to the primary outcome. However, 1 in 5 patients developed a radiographic nonunion after nonfixation, and although the reintervention rate to manage this was low, the future implications are unknown. These results support selective nonfixation of anatomically reduced medial malleolar fractures after fibular stabilization. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03362229
Sotorasib Is a Pan-<i>RAS</i>G12C Inhibitor Capable of Driving Clinical Response in <i>NRAS</i>G12C Cancers
Authors: Douglas A. Rubinson, Noritaka Tanaka, Ferran Fece de la Cruz, Kevin S. Kapner, Michael H. Rosenthal, Bryanna L. Norden, Haley Barnes, Sara Ehnstrom, Alvin A. Morales-Giron, Lauren K. Brais, Christopher T. Lemke, Andrew J. Aguirre, Ryan B. Corcoran
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2024)

Abstract KRASG12C inhibitors, like sotorasib and adagrasib, potently and selectively inhibit KRASG12C through a covalent interaction with the mutant cysteine, driving clinical efficacy in KRASG12C tumors. Because amino acid sequences of the three main RAS isoforms—KRAS, NRAS, and HRAS—are highly similar, we hypothesized that some KRASG12C inhibitors might also target NRASG12C and/or HRASG12C, which are less common but critical oncogenic driver mutations in some tumors. Although some inhibitors, like adagrasib, were highly selective for KRASG12C, others also potently inhibited NRASG12C and/or HRASG12C. Notably, sotorasib was five-fold more potent against NRASG12C compared with KRASG12C or HRASG12C. Structural and reciprocal mutagenesis studies suggested that differences in isoform-specific binding are mediated by a single amino acid: Histidine-95 in KRAS (Leucine-95 in NRAS). A patient with NRASG12C colorectal cancer treated with sotorasib and the anti-EGFR antibody panitumumab achieved a marked tumor response, demonstrating that sotorasib can be clinically effective in NRASG12C-mutated tumors. Significance: These studies demonstrate that certain KRASG12C inhibitors effectively target all RASG12C mutations and that sotorasib specifically is a potent NRASG12C inhibitor capable of driving clinical responses. These findings have important implications for the treatment of patients with NRASG12C or HRASG12C cancers and could guide design of NRAS or HRAS inhibitors. See related commentary by Seale and Misale, p. 698. This article is featured in Selected Articles from This Issue, p. 695
Cannabis and Driving in Older Adults
Authors: Patricia Di Ciano, Tarek K. Rajji, Lauren Hong, Sampson Zhao, Patrick Byrne, Yoassry Elzohairy, Jeffrey R. Brubacher, Michael McGrath, Bruna Brands, Sheng Chen, Wei Wang, Omer S. M. Hasan, Christine M. Wickens, Pamela Kaduri, Bernard Le Foll
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

Importance Epidemiological studies have found that cannabis increases the risk of a motor vehicle collision. Cannabis use is increasing in older adults, but laboratory studies of the association between cannabis and driving in people aged older than 65 years are lacking. Objective To investigate the association between cannabis, simulated driving, and concurrent blood tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) levels in older adults. Design, Setting, and Participants Using an ecologically valid counterbalanced design, in this cohort study, regular cannabis users operated a driving simulator before, 30 minutes after, and 180 minutes after smoking their preferred legal cannabis or after resting. This study was conducted in Toronto, Canada, between March and November 2022 with no follow-up period. Data were analyzed from December 2022 to February 2023. Exposures Most participants chose THC-dominant cannabis with a mean (SD) content of 18.74% (6.12%) THC and 1.46% (3.37%) cannabidiol (CBD). Main outcomes and measures The primary end point was SD of lateral position (SDLP, or weaving). Secondary outcomes were mean speed (MS), maximum speed, SD of speed, and reaction time. Driving was assessed under both single-task and dual-task (distracted) conditions. Blood THC and metabolites of THC and CBD were also measured at the time of the drives. Results A total of 31 participants (21 male [68%]; 29 White [94%], 1 Latin American [3%], and 1 mixed race [3%]; mean [SD] age, 68.7 [3.5] years), completed all study procedures. SDLP was increased and MS was decreased at 30 but not 180 minutes after smoking cannabis compared with the control condition in both the single-task (SDLP effect size [ES], 0.30; b = 1.65; 95% CI, 0.37 to 2.93; MS ES, −0.58; b = −2.46; 95% CI, −3.56 to −1.36) and dual-task (SDLP ES, 0.27; b = 1.75; 95% CI, 0.21 to 3.28; MS ES, −0.47; b = −3.15; 95% CI, −5.05 to −1.24) conditions. Blood THC levels were significantly increased at 30 minutes but not 180 minutes. Blood THC was not correlated with SDLP or MS at 30 minutes, and SDLP was not correlated with MS. Subjective ratings remained elevated for 5 hours and participants reported that they were less willing to drive at 3 hours after smoking. Conclusions and relevance In this cohort study, the findings suggested that older drivers should exercise caution after smoking cannabis.
Somebody Else’s Palms
Authors: Danielle Chammas
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2024)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Hospitalization Rates in Interstitial Lung Disease: An Analysis of the Pulmonary Fibrosis Foundation Registry
Authors: Christopher S King, Rosalinda V Ignacio, Vikramjit Khangoora, Alan Nyquist, Anju Singhal, Christopher Thomas, Onix Fonseca Cantres, Shambhu Aryal, Oksana A. Shlobin, Kevin Flaherty, Joseph Lasky, Steven D Nathan
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2024)

Rationale: Little is known about hospitalization in other types of interstitial lung disease (ILD) besides idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Objectives: We sought to determine the frequency of hospitalizations in various types of ILD and elucidate the association of hospitalization with outcomes. Methods: An analysis of the Pulmonary Fibrosis Foundation Patient Registry data was performed. Inpatient hospitalization rates and survival following hospitalization were compared for various types of ILD. Results: Hospitalization rates were similar across ILD types (40.6% of IPF participants, 42.8% of connective tissue disease related ILD (CTD-ILD), 44.9% of non-IPF idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIPs), 46.5% of chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (CHP) participants, and 53.3% of "other" ILD participants). All-cause hospitalization was not associated with decreased transplant-free survival (adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) 1.20, 95% CI: 0.98, 1.46, p=0.0759) after adjusting for co-morbidities and severity of illness; however respiratory-related hospitalization was (AHR 1.53, 95% CI: 1.23, 1.90, p=0.0001). CTD-ILD (HR 0.43, 95% CI: 0.25, 0.75, p=0.0031) and non-IPF IIP (HR 0.3, 95% CI: 0.15, 0.58, p=0.005) had a lower risk of death following hospitalization compared to IPF while CHP (HR 0.67, 95% CI: 0.37, 1.20, p=0.1747) and "other-ILD" (HR 0.54, 95% CI: 0.19, 1.54, p=0.25) had a comparable risk to IPF. Conclusion: Rates of hospitalization are similar across ILD subtypes. The risk of death or transplant following hospitalization is lower in CTD-ILD, CHP and non-IPF IIP compared to IPF participants. In a mixed population of ILD participants, all-cause hospitalizations were not associated with decreased transplant-free survival; however respiratory-related hospitalizations were.
Unveiling an Overlooked Link—Promising Drug Efficacy in Lowering Withdrawal Rates in Cancer Trials—Reply
Authors: Shauna L. Hillman, Aminah Jatoi, Sumithra J. Mandrekar
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2024)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal