tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Peroral cholangioscopy-assisted removal of a retained biliary fully covered metal stent using the inversion and traction technique
Authors: Ivo Mendes, Francisco Vara-Luiz, Carolina Palma, Júlio Veloso, Jorge Fonseca, Pedro Pinto-Marques, Gonçalo Nunes
Journal: Endoscopy (2024)

A 45-year-old man with chronic pancreatitis was admitted with abdominal pain and jaundice caused by a benign biliary stricture. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) confirmed a short, regular stricture in the distal common bile duct. A 60×10-mm fully covered self-expandable metal stent (FCSEMS) was placed for biliary drainage. After 6 months, a follow-up ERCP was performed, which revealed that the distal end of the FCSEMS was no longer visible in the lumen, as it had become entirely embedded in the duodenal wall due to hyperplastic tissue overgrowth. Multiple attempts to remove the stent using grasping forceps, a snare, and an extraction balloon were unsuccessful.
Extraction of a stent–stone complex with a 9-French cholangioscope during electrohydraulic lithotripsy
Authors: Koichi Soga, Yuki Soma, Kazuma Sakakibara, Takeshi Fujiwara, Fuki Hayakawa, Ikuhiro Kobori, Masaya Tamano
Journal: Endoscopy (2024)

A stent-stone complex (SSC), a rare complication of long-term biliary plastic stent (PS) placement (mainly caused by a forgotten, retained PS), complicates endoscopic SSC removal [1]. We report a case of successful endoscopic removal of an SSC using peroral cholangioscopy (POCS)-guided electrohydraulic lithotripsy (EHL).
Innovative application of a cystotome in the recanalization of a tight pancreatic duct stricture for abscess drainage
Authors: Ping Yue, Chenjun Tian, Yanxian Ren, Jinduo Zhang, Wenbo Meng, Xun Li
Journal: Endoscopy (2024)

A 65-year-old man was hospitalized with left upper abdominal pain and fever. Computed tomography showed an abscess in the pancreatic tail, and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography also confirmed multiple pancreatic duct strictures ([Fig. 1]). The patient had experienced acute severe pancreatitis 5 years previously and had also undergone placement of two coronary stents 1 month earlier because of acute myocardial infarction.
Opening a new window of interventional endoscopic ultrasound using a 22-G needle with a novel dedicated dilation device
Authors: Takeshi Ogura
Journal: Endoscopy (2024)

Interventional endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) including hepaticogastrostomy (HGS) or pancreatic duct drainage is now widely performed as an alternative method when endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography fails. However, intrahepatic bile duct or main pancreatic duct puncture using a 19-G needle might be challenging, especially in nonexpert hands. In such cases, puncture using a 22-G needle might reduce the technical difficulty. However, because only a 0.018-inch guidewire can be used under 22-G needle guidance, device exchange may be unstable, and tract dilation may also be challenging [1]. Recently, a double guidewire technique has been reported for matching the axis between the device insertion vector and the tract and obtaining a stable echoendoscope [2].
Gastric defect closure with reopenable clip over-the-line method and dual-action tissue clip for 3-point fixation
Authors: Tatsuma Nomura, Takanobu Mitani, Yuto Ikadai, Hiroaki Kumazawa, Yoshiaki Isono, Makoto Kobayashi, Katsumi Mukai
Journal: Endoscopy (2024)

After endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) of the stomach, defect closure is difficult because a submucosal dead space (SDS) is created by the thick muscle layer and mucosa, even with the use of ordinary clips alone [1]. Therefore, we devised the reopenable clip over-the-line method (ROLM), which enables the amount of SDS to be reduced [2] [3] [4]. However, this method is time consuming. Therefore, we further devised a method that uses ROLM and the dual-action tissue (DAT) clip for 3-point fixation for defect closure ([Fig. 1], [Video 1]).
The Evolution of NCI’s Health Information National Trends Survey: Methods, Data, and Future Directions
Authors: Kelly D Blake, Richard P Moser, Heather D’Angelo, Anna Gaysynsky, Robin C Vanderpool
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2024)

The National Cancer Institute's (NCI) Health Information National Trends Survey® (HINTS®), was conceived in 1997 during a multidisciplinary conference focused on risk communication that included attendees representing the fields of psychology, health behavior, health education, public health, clinical medicine, and health journalism. The key recommendation from the conference was for NCI to develop a premiere communication-specific population survey to track health and cancer communication-related phenomena. This led to NCI developing and launching HINTS in 2003. HINTS is a cross-sectional, nationally representative survey of the U.S. noninstitutionalized adult population (18 and older) that collects data on the public's need for, access to, and use of health- and cancer-related related information and health- and cancer-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors. As of 2024, HINTS had been administered 17 times over a 21-year period. The resulting datasets can be utilized for secondary analysis to examine a range of social and behavioral research questions in cancer control and population sciences. The datasets can be examined individually or merged to test for trends over time or to create larger samples for analysis. The evolution of the program has included testing and changing instrument administration modes, oversampling specific populations, and assessing priority constructs, as well as conducting methodological experiments to keep pace with emerging trends in survey research. HINTS has also expanded beyond its cross-sectional format to include data linkages and a longitudinal panel, enabling researchers to address a wider range of research questions. HINTS methods, data products, and impact are discussed.
Gel immersion method for acute hemorrhagic rectal ulcer provides effective hemostasis without manual disimpaction or position changes
Authors: Daisuke Orita, Yoshihiro Okabe, Takahiro Oribe, Mizuka Yonezawa, Yuichi Hirata, Michitaka Kohashi, Takuya Mimura
Journal: Endoscopy (2024)

Acute hemorrhagic rectal ulcer (AHRU) is characterized by sudden, painless, and significant rectal bleeding, often observed in patients with severe comorbidities [1]. Endoscopic hemostasis for AHRU is often challenging due to poor visibility caused by blood clots and fecal masses. Consequently, frequent manual disimpaction and position changes are often required to improve visibility, delaying the identification of the bleeding source and increasing patient discomfort. Studies show that using a high-viscosity gel (Viscoclear; Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Tokushima, Japan) during emergency endoscopy for gastrointestinal hemorrhage improves visibility and helps identify the bleeding site [2] [3]. When introduced into the rectum, the gel displaces both fecal material and blood clots toward the proximal end, causing them to float within the gel, which exposes hidden ulcers and the bleeding source ([Fig. 1]). This report demonstrates that the gel immersion technique is effective in managing both active and inactive bleeding in AHRU cases ([Video 1]).
Incidence of Richter transformation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma in the targeted therapy era
Authors: Paul J Hampel, Kari G Rabe, Yucai Wang, Steven R Hwang, Saad S Kenderian, Eli Muchtar, Jose F Leis, Amber B Koehler, Mazie Tsang, Talal Hilal, Ricardo Parrondo, Rachel J Bailen, Susan M Schwager, Curtis A Hanson, Esteban Braggio, Susan L Slager, Min Shi, Cinthya J Zepeda-Mendoza, Daniel L Van Dyke, Tait D Shanafelt, Rebecca L King, Timothy G Call, Neil E Kay, Wei Ding, Sameer A Parikh
Journal: Leukemia (2024)
Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction and Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator in Non-ischemic Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction: Insights from DANISH
Authors: Seiko N. Doi, Jawad H. Butt, Jens Jakob Thune, Jens C. Nielsen, Jens Haarbo, Niels E. Bruun, Line L. Olesen, Lars Videbæk, Finn Gustafsson, Hans Eiskjær, Christian Hassager, Jesper H. Svendsen, Dan E. Høfsten, Steen Pehrson, Lars Køber
Journal: Circulation (2024)
Targeting viral suppressor of RNAi confers anti-coronaviral activity
Authors: Jiyao Chen, JingFang Mu, Kangping Zhou, Yuming Zhang, Jieling Zhang, Ting Shu, Weijuan Shang, Yujie Ren, Xi-Qiu Xu, Leike Zhang, Shuai Yuan, Dingyu Zhang, Kun Cai, Yang Qiu, Xi Zhou
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2024)
High-Flow Nasal Oxygen vs Noninvasive Ventilation in Patients With Acute Respiratory Failure
Authors: Fabiano Francio, Renata Monteiro Weigert, Edna Daldania Biolchi Mattei, Cintia Magalhaes Carvalho Grion, Josiane Festti, Ana Luiza Mezzaroba, Ary Serpa Neto, Karina T. Timenetsky, Adriana Maria Simoes Orfao Nogueira, Marcus Vinicius Camargo Brito, Iuri Dheloi Oliveira Lima, Rodrigo Alexandre Dona, Marina Monica Bahl Mafra, Ana Carolina Starke, Thiago Lisboa, Caroline Fachini, André Torelly, Rodrigo Santos Biondi, Andre Luiz Nascimento Souza, Anderson Luiz Mendes Fernandes, Gustavo Neves Araujo, Vicente Ponte, Maria Helena Moraes Antunes, Fabio Fernandes Cardoso Cardoso, Alice Bertotto Poersch, Yuri Carlotto Ramires, Lúcio Roberto Requiao Moura, Maria Bethania Peruzzo, Jonas Sposito, Daniele Martins Piekala, Iuri Christmann Wawrzeniak, Léa Fialkow, Marcela Dutra, Maiara Suelen Mazera, Cassia Pimenta Barufi Martins, Daniela Helena Machado Freitas, Luciana Coelho Sanches, Maísa Guimarães de Castro Pereira, Mariana Regina Cunha, Israel S. Maia, Letícia Kawano-Dourado, Lucas Tramujas, Neymar Elias de Oliveira, Rafael Naoki Souza, Dhaisi Faustino Signorini, Mariangela Pimentel Pincelli, Cássio Luis Zandonai, Regiane Tamires Blasius, Fabrício Freires, Vanessa Marques Ferreira, Marcelo Luz Pereira Romano, Mieko Claudia Miura, Caroline Maschio de Censo, Eliana Bernadete Caser, Betania Silva, Daniela Correia Santos Bonomo, Jussara Alencar Arraes, Meton Soares de Alencar Filho, Jacques Gabriel Álvares Horta, Déborah Campos Oliveira, Emerson Boschi, Rafael Lessa Costa, Glauco Adrieno Westphal, Juliano Ramos, Fábio Holanda Lacerda, Conrado Roberto Hoffmann Filho, Bruno Valle Pinheiro, Leonardo Bugarin de Andrade Neumamm, Mário Roberto Rezende Guimarães Júnior, Davi Tamamaru de Souza, Juliana Carvalho Ferreira, Louis Nakayama Ohe, Daniel Almeida Schettini, Marlus Muri Thompson, Maria Cristina França de Oliveira, Viviane Cordeiro Veiga, Karina L. Negrelli, Renato H. N. Santos, Lucas Damiani, Rodrigo M. Gurgel, Samara P. C. Gomes, Lucas M. Lima, Tamiris A. Miranda, Ligia N. Laranjeira, Pedro Gabriel Melo de Barros e Silva, Flávia R. Machado, Mark Fitzgerald, Anna Bosse, Joe Marion, Carlos Roberto Ribeiro Carvalho, Laurent Brochard, Roger J. Lewis, Alexandre Biasi Cavalcanti
Journal: JAMA (2024)

High-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) and noninvasive ventilation (NIV) are commonly used respiratory support therapies for patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF).
GOLM1 promotes cholesterol gallstone formation via ABCG5-mediated cholesterol efflux in MASH livers
Authors: Yi-Tong Li, Wei-Qing Shao, Zhen-Mei Chen, Xiao-Chen Ma, Chen-He Yi, Bao-Rui Tao, Bo Zhang, Yue Ma, Guo Zhang, Rui Zhang, Yan Geng, Jing Lin, Jin-Hong Chen
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2024)

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is a significant risk factor for gallstone formation, but mechanisms underlying MASH-related gallstone formation remain unclear. Golgi membrane protein 1 (GOLM1) participates in hepatic cholesterol metabolism and is upregulated in MASH. Here, we aimed to explore the role of GOLM1 in MASH-related gallstone formation.
Surrogate endpoints in mature B-cell neoplasms – meaningful or misleading?
Authors: Florian Simon, Othman Al-Sawaf, John F Seymour, Barbara Eichhorst
Journal: Leukemia (2024)

Abstract Indolent mature B-cell neoplasms are a group of diseases in which recent therapeutic advances have led to an improved overall survival (OS) extending beyond several years. While cause of celebration for patients and caregivers, the increasingly long observation periods necessary to capture treatment effects are complicating trial design and possibly hindering swift access to more effective therapies. Surrogate endpoints are a tool with the potential of earlier study readouts, however, their validity needs to be proven in each individual disease and therapeutic setting. The validation of surrogate endpoints and available data for mature B-cell neoplasms are discussed within this perspective article, followed by an outlook on the potential of precise tools such as measurable residual disease assessment as novel surrogate candidates.
Integrated Molecular Characterization of Sarcomatoid Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Rong-Qi Sun, Yu-Hang Ye, Ye Xu, Bo Wang, Si-Yuan Pan, Ning Li, Long Chen, Jing-Yue Pan, Zhi-Qiang Hu, Jia Fan, Zheng-Jun Zhou, Jian Zhou, Cheng-Li Song, Shao-Lai Zhou
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2024)

Sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a rare histological subtype of HCC characterized by extremely poor prognosis; however, its molecular characterization has not been elucidated.
Prediction and Management of Small-for-Size Syndrome in Living Donor Liver Transplantation
Authors: Jia-Hao Law, Alfred Wei-Chieh Kow
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2024)

Small-for-Size Syndrome (SFSS) remains a critical challenge in living donor liver transplantation (LDLT), characterized by graft insufficiency due to inadequate liver volume, leading to significant postoperative morbidity and mortality. As the global adoption of LDLT increases, the ability to predict and manage SFSS has become paramount in optimizing recipient outcomes. This review provides a comprehensive examination of the pathophysiology, risk factors, and strategies for managing SFSS across the pre-, intra-, and postoperative phases. The pathophysiology of SFSS has evolved from being solely volume-based to incorporating portal hemodynamics, now recognized as Small-for-Flow Syndrome. Key risk factors include donor-related parameters like age and graft volume, recipient-related factors such as MELD score and portal hypertension, and intraoperative factors related to venous outflow and portal inflow modulation. Current strategies to mitigate SFSS include careful graft selection based on graft-to-recipient weight ratio and liver volumetry, surgical techniques to optimize portal hemodynamics, and novel interventions such as splenic artery ligation and hemiportocaval shunts. Pharmacological agents like somatostatin and terlipressin have also shown promise in modulating portal pressure. Advances in 3D imaging and artificial intelligence-based volumetry further aid in preoperative planning. This review emphasizes the importance of a multifaceted approach to prevent and manage SFSS, advocating for standardized definitions and grading systems. Through an integrated approach to surgical techniques, hemodynamic monitoring, and perioperative management, significant strides can be made in improving the outcomes of LDLT recipients. Further research is necessary to refine these strategies and expand the application of LDLT, especially in challenging cases involving small-for-size grafts.
Patient preferences for treatment of Bowen’s disease
Authors: Shima Ahmady, Klara Mosterd, Maud H E Jansen, Nicole W J Kelleners-Smeets, Brigitte A B Essers
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2024)

Discrete choice experiments (DCEs) are increasingly used to understand and quantify patient preferences for a variety of treatments, services or screening in order to analyse the choices patients make when faced with different alternatives. The aim of this DCE was to examine patient preferences for the treatment of Bowen's disease. A DCE was conducted alongside a randomised controlled non-inferiority trial comparing the effectiveness of surgical excision, MAL-PDT, and 5-fluorouracil cream as treatments for Bowen's disease. Preferences were elicited by presenting patients with choice tasks between surgical excision, MAL-PDT, and 5-fluorouracil cream with the following attributes: effectiveness, cosmetic outcome, side effects, treatment duration and process. A mixed logit model was used to account for the panel nature of the data (repeated choices for each respondents) and heterogeneity in preference. A total of 215 patients completed the DCE. Patients have a clear preference for excision and non-invasive therapies were less valued, as indicated by the large and negative label effect.Both moderate and good to excellent cosmetic outcomes were accepted and preferred to poor cosmetic outcomes for all treatments. In addition, none or mild to moderate side effects were considered acceptable and preferred to severe side effects. Patients show a clear preference for surgical excision, and of the two non-invasive treatments, 5-fluorouracil cream is preferred to MAL-PDT. Treatment choice is also determined by attributes such as effectiveness, cosmetic outcome and side effects. In the context of shared decision making for Bowen's disease, it is important to discuss the elements of treatment that patients value to ensure that an informed decision is made.
Taxonomic and functional profiling of skin microbiome in psoriasis
Authors: Hanna Sinkko, Peter Olah, Ying Yang, Guilherme Maia, Mauricio Barrientos-Somarribas, Zoltan Rádai, Kuunsäde Mäenpää, Tatiany Soratto, Alexander Salava, Antti Lauerma, Jonathan Barker, Annamari Ranki, Bernhard Homey, Björn Andersson, Nanna Fyhrquist, Harri Alenius, Juha Kere, Tiina Skoog, Francesca Levi-Schaffer, Dario Greco, Stefanie Prast-Nielsen, Vassili Soumelis, Sophia Tsoka, Jens M Schröder, Frank O Nestle, Philippe Hupé
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2024)

This research utilizes whole metagenomic shotgun sequencing to analyse the skin microbiome in patients with psoriasis, comparing lesional and nonlesional skin with those of healthy individuals. The study identifies significant differences in the microbial composition and functionality between psoriatic and healthy skin, revealing distinct microbial patterns and disruptions in psoriatic skin. These findings highlight the complex role of skin microbiota in psoriasis, emphasizing variations in bacteria and their functional characteristics beyond mere species identification.
Vitiligo is associated with lower body mass index: a retrospective case-control study
Authors: Afsheen Sharifzadeh, Rachel Wetstone, Li-Chi Chen, Yurima Guilarte-Walker, Julie Flahive, John E Harris
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2024)

Our study demonstrated that adults with vitiligo had a 1.5-unit lower BMI (27.8±6.1 vs 29.3±7.2 kg/m2 , p=0.001), but higher risk of hyperlipidemia (OR 1.40, 95% CI [1.12-1.70]) and hypercholesterolemia (OR 1.44, 95% CI [1.10-1.90]) compared to age-, sex-, and race-matched non-vitiligo subjects. The inverse association between BMI and vitiligo was independent of the presence of concomitant cardiometabolic diseases. Additionally, we contextualized these findings in relation to other immune-mediated skin disorders, including alopecia areata and psoriasis, to explore underlying pathogenesis and guide the development of appropriate screening criteria.
Lesotho's progress towards UNAIDS 95-95-95 targets from 2016 to 2020: comparison of Population-based HIV Impact Assessments
Authors: Mansoor Farahani, Shannon M Farley, Theodore F Smart, Felix Ndagije, Limpho Maile, Herbert Longwe, David Hoos, Wafaa M El-Sadr
Journal: The Lancet HIV (2024)
Safety and efficacy of the blood-stage malaria vaccine RH5.1/Matrix-M in Burkina Faso: interim results of a double-blind, randomised, controlled, phase 2b trial in children
Authors: Hamtandi M Natama, Jo Salkeld, Athanase Somé, Seyi Soremekun, Salou Diallo, Ousmane Traoré, Toussaint Rouamba, Florence Ouédraogo, Edouard Ouédraogo, K Carine Sonia Daboné, Nadine A Koné, Z Michael John Compaoré, Miguel Kafando, Massa dit Achille Bonko, Fabé Konaté, Hermann Sorgho, Carolyn M Nielsen, Dimitra Pipini, Ababacar Diouf, Lloyd D W King, Umesh Shaligram, Carole A Long, Jee-Sun Cho, Alison M Lawrie, Katherine Skinner, Rachel Roberts, Kazutoyo Miura, John Bradley, Sarah E Silk, Simon J Draper, Halidou Tinto, Angela M Minassian
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2024)

Two pre-erythrocytic vaccines (R21/Matrix-M and RTS,S/AS01) are now approved for Plasmodium falciparum malaria. However, neither induces blood-stage immunity against parasites that break through from the liver. RH5.1/Matrix-M, a blood-stage P falciparum malaria vaccine candidate, was highly immunogenic in Tanzanian adults and children. We therefore assessed the safety and efficacy of RH5.1/Matrix-M in Burkinabe children.
Antiviral humoral immunity induced by JN.1 monovalent mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 omicron subvariants including JN.1, KP.3.1.1, and XEC
Authors: Keiya Uriu, Yu Kaku, Yoshifumi Uwamino, Hiroshi Fujiwara, Fumitake Saito, Kei Sato
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2024)
How Glasgow's 1957 tuberculosis screening programme could help countries today
Authors: Peter Ranscombe
Journal: The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (2024)

Visitors arriving in Glasgow, UK, today are met with a city that's undergone massive regeneration, from the colourfully illuminated exterior of the Hydro music venue on the old dockside along the River Clyde, to the stratified medicine cluster that is growing up around the Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, one of the largest facilities in Europe. Wind the clock back to the 1950s, and visitors were faced with a city shrouded in smog from factories and coal fires, full of many people living in substandard, overcrowded housing, and suffering from poor nutrition, with World War 2 rationing only ending in 1954.
Usefulness of dynamic perfusion SPECT with quantitative assessment of myocardial perfusion reserve for the detection of myocardial ischemia in patients with presumed new left bundle branch block
Authors: Alain Manrique, Clément Guery, Damien Legallois, Pascal Richard, Vincent Roule, Denis Agostini
Journal:  (2024)

Abstract Aims The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the ability of dynamic SPECT with quantitative analysis of myocardial blood flow (MBF) and myocardial flow reserve (MFR) for the detection of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with presumed new left bundle branch block (LBBB). Methods and results We evaluated the dynamic SPECT results from 174 consecutive patients with LBBB without a history of CAD from a single center. MBF was assessed at rest and during regadenoson (400 μg). Normal MFR was defined as ≥ 2.1. Left ventricular function and segmental perfusion were assessed from conventional gated SPECT. SPECT abnormalities were found in 17/174 (10%) patients including a reversible SPECT defect in 4 patients (2.3%), a fixed defect in 12 patients (7%), and both in 1 patient. Global left ventricular function was normal despite a significant impairment of septal wall motion. Stress and rest MBF was decreased in the septum and the inferior wall compared with other walls (P &amp;lt; 0.0001), resulting in similar MFR. A reduced MFR was associated with a fixed defect (P = 0.04). Only 18 patients (10%) presented with a decreased MFR. They were more often referred to subsequent coronary angiography (8/18, 44%) compared with patients with a normal MFR (9/156, 6%, χ2 = 27.382, P &amp;lt; 0.0001). However, significant coronary lesions were finally found in only 4/174 patients (2%). Conclusion Although a decreased MFR was associated with a fixed defect on conventional perfusion imaging, the low rate of CAD finally demonstrated in this study questions the relevance of routine screening for CAD in patients with presumed new LBBB.