tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Non-coronary arterial outcomes in people with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a Swedish retrospective cohort study
Authors: Tarik Avdic, Björn Eliasson, Araz Rawshani, Jan Boren, Hertzel C. Gerstein, Joakim Nordanstig, Mohamad Rihawi, Joshua A. Beckman, Darren K. McGuire, Elmir Omerovic, Naveed Sattar, Deepak L. Bhatt, Aidin Rawshani
Journal: The Lancet Regional Health - Europe (2024)

Observational studies on long-term trends, risk factor association and importance are scarce for type 1 diabetes mellitus and peripheral arterial outcomes. We set out to investigate trends in non-coronary complications and their relationships with cardiovascular risk factors in persons with type 1 diabetes mellitus compared to matched controls. 34,263 persons with type 1 diabetes mellitus from the Swedish National Diabetes Register and 164,063 matched controls were included. Incidence rates of extracranial large artery disease, aortic aneurysm, aortic dissection, lower extremity artery disease, and diabetic foot syndrome were analyzed using standardized incidence rates and Cox regression. Between 2001 and 2019, type 1 diabetes mellitus incidence rates per 100,000 person-years were as follows: extracranial large artery disease 296.5–84.3, aortic aneurysm 0–9.2, aortic dissection remained at 0, lower extremity artery disease 456.6–311.1, and diabetic foot disease 814.7–77.6. Persons with type 1 diabetes mellitus with cardiometabolic risk factors at target range did not exhibit excess risk of extracranial large artery disease [HR 0.83 (95% CI, 0.20–3.36)] or lower extremity artery disease [HR 0.94 (95% CI, 0.30–2.93)], compared to controls. Persons with type 1 diabetes with all risk factors at baseline, had substantially elevated risk for diabetic foot disease [HR 29.44 (95% CI, 3.83–226.04)], compared to persons with type 1 diabetes with no risk factors. Persons with type 1 diabetes mellitus continued to display a lower risk for aortic aneurysm, even with three cardiovascular risk factors at baseline [HR 0.31 (95% CI, 0.15–0.67)]. Relative importance analyses demonstrated that education, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), duration of diabetes and lipids explained 54% of extracranial large artery disease, while HbA1c, smoking and systolic blood pressure explained 50% of lower extremity artery disease and HbA1c alone contributed to 41% of diabetic foot disease. Income, duration of diabetes and body mass index explained 66% of the contribution to aortic aneurysm. Peripheral arterial complications decreased in persons with type 1 diabetes mellitus, except for aortic aneurysm which remained low. Besides glycemic control, traditional cardiovascular risk factors were associated with incident outcomes. Risk of these outcomes increased with additional risk factors present. Persons with type 1 diabetes mellitus exhibited a lower risk of aortic aneurysm compared to controls, despite presence of cardiovascular risk factors. Swedish Governmental and the county support of research and education of doctors, the Swedish Heart and Lung Foundation, Sweden and Åke-Wibergs grant.
Erratum: “Measurement of Novel, Drinking Water-Associated PFAS in Blood from Adults and Children in Wilmington, North Carolina”
Authors: Nadine Kotlarz, James McCord, David Collier, C. Suzanne Lea, Mark Strynar, Andrew B. Lindstrom, Adrien A. Wilkie, Jessica Y. Islam, Katelyn Matney, Phillip Tarte, Madison E. Polera, Kemp Burdette, Jamie DeWitt, Katlyn May, Robert C. Smart, Detlef R.U. Knappe, Jane A. Hoppin
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2024)
Chronic Viral Hepatitis B and C Outweigh MASLD in the Associated Risk of Cirrhosis and HCC
Authors: Mei-Hsuan Lee, Yi-Ting Chen, Yu-Han Huang, Sheng-Nan Lu, Tsai-Hsuan Yang, Jee-Fu Huang, Szu-Ching Yin, Ming-Lun Yeh, Chung-Feng Huang, Chia-Yen Dai, Wan-Long Chuang, Ming-Lung Yu, Hwai-I Yang, Hsuan-Yu Chen, Chien-Jen Chen
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2024)
Erratum: “Air Pollution Particulate Matter Exposure and Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion and Measures of White Matter Injury in a Murine Model”
Authors: Qinghai Liu, Kristina Shkirkova, Krista Lamorie-Foote, Michelle Connor, Arati Patel, Robin Babadjouni, Mikko Huuskonen, Axel Montagne, Hans Baertsch, Hongqiao Zhang, Jiu-Chiuan Chen, Wendy J. Mack, Brian P. Walcott, Berislav V. Zlokovic, Constantinos Sioutas, Todd E. Morgan, Caleb E. Finch, William J. Mack
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2024)
Targeting 14-3-3θ-mediated TDP-43 pathology in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia mice
Authors: Yazi D. Ke, Annika van Hummel, Carol Au, Gabriella Chan, Wei Siang Lee, Julia van der Hoven, Magdalena Przybyla, Yuanyuan Deng, Miheer Sabale, Nicolle Morey, Josefine Bertz, Astrid Feiten, Stefania Ippati, Claire H. Stevens, Shu Yang, Amadeus Gladbach, Nikolas K. Haass, Jillian J. Kril, Ian P. Blair, Fabien Delerue, Lars M. Ittner
Journal: Neuron (2024)
Immune heterogeneity in small-cell lung cancer and vulnerability to immune checkpoint blockade
Authors: Barzin Y. Nabet, Habib Hamidi, Myung Chang Lee, Romain Banchereau, Stefanie Morris, Leah Adler, Velimir Gayevskiy, Ahmed M. Elhossiny, Minu K. Srivastava, Namrata S. Patil, Kiandra A. Smith, Rajiv Jesudason, Caleb Chan, Patrick S. Chang, Matthew Fernandez, Sandra Rost, Lisa M. McGinnis, Hartmut Koeppen, Carl M. Gay, John D. Minna, John V. Heymach, Joseph M. Chan, Charles M. Rudin, Lauren A. Byers, Stephen V. Liu, Martin Reck, David S. Shames
Journal: Cancer Cell (2024)
Establishment of a non-Westernized gut microbiota in men who have sex with men is associated with sexual practices
Authors: Kun D. Huang, Lena Amend, Eric J.C. Gálvez, Till-Robin Lesker, Romulo de Oliveira, Agata Bielecka, Aitor Blanco-Míguez, Mireia Valles-Colomer, Isabel Ruf, Edoardo Pasolli, Jan Buer, Nicola Segata, Stefan Esser, Till Strowig, Jan Kehrmann
Journal: Cell Reports Medicine (2024)

The human gut microbiota is influenced by various factors, including health status and environmental conditions, yet considerable inter-individual differences remain unexplained. Previous studies identified that the gut microbiota of men who have sex with men (MSM) is distinct from that of non-MSM. Here, we reveal through species-level microbiota analysis using shotgun metagenomics that the gut microbiota of many MSM with Western origin resembles gut microbial communities of non-Westernized populations. Specifically, MSM gut microbiomes are frequently dominated by members of the Prevotellaceae family, including co-colonization of species from the Segatella copri complex and unknown Prevotellaceae members. Questionnaire-based analysis exploring inter-individual differences in MSM links specific sexual practices to microbiota composition. Moreover, machine learning identifies microbial features associated with sexual activities in MSM. Together, this study shows associations of sexual activities with gut microbiome alterations in MSM, which may have a large impact on population-based microbiota studies.
Circadian regulation of microglia function: Potential targets for treatment of Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Liang Kou, Xiaosa Chi, Yadi Sun, Sijia Yin, Jiawei Wu, Wenkai Zou, Yiming Wang, Zongjie Jin, Jinsha Huang, Nian Xiong, Yun Xia, Tao Wang
Journal: Ageing Research Reviews (2024)

Circadian rhythms are involved in the regulation of many aspects of the body, including cell function, physical activity and disease. Circadian disturbance often predates the typical symptoms of neurodegenerative diseases and is not only a non-motor symptom, but also one of the causes of their occurrence and progression. Glial cells possess circadian clocks that regulate their function to maintain brain development and homeostasis. Emerging evidence suggests that the microglial circadian clock is involved in the regulation of many physiological processes, such as cytokine release, phagocytosis, and nutritional and metabolic support, and that disruption of the microglia clock may affect multiple aspects of Parkinson's disease, especially neuroinflammation and α-synuclein processes. Herein, we review recent advances in the circadian control of microglia function in health and disease, and discuss novel pharmacological interventions for microglial clocks in neurodegenerative disorders.
Machine learning analysis of pathological images to predict 1-year progression-free survival of immunotherapy in patients with small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Ryota Shibaki, Daichi Fujimoto, Tsukasa Nozawa, Akira Sano, Yuka Kitamura, Junya Fukuoka, Yuki Sato, Takashi Kijima, Hirotaka Matsumoto, Toshihide Yokoyama, Satoru Miura, Akito Hata, Motohiro Tamiya, Yoshihiko Taniguchi, Jun Sugisaka, Naoki Furuya, Hisashi Tanaka, Nobuyuki Yamamoto, Yasuhiro Koh, Hiroaki Akamatsu
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2024)

In small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) could be a promising biomarker for immunotherapy, but objectively evaluating TIME remains challenging. Hence, we aimed to develop a predictive biomarker of immunotherapy efficacy through a machine learning analysis of the TIME. We conducted a biomarker analysis in a prospective study of patients with extensive-stage SCLC who received chemoimmunotherapy as the first-line treatment. We trained a model to predict 1-year progression-free survival (PFS) using pathological images (H&E, programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), and double immunohistochemical assay (cluster of differentiation 8 (CD8) and forkhead box P3 (FoxP3)) and patient information. The primary outcome was the mean area under the curve (AUC) of machine learning models in predicting the 1-year PFS. We analyzed 100,544 patches of pathological images from 78 patients. The mean AUC values of patient information, pathological image, and combined models were 0.789 (range 0.571-0.982), 0.782 (range 0.750-0.911), and 0.868 (range 0.786-0.929), respectively. The PFS was longer in the high efficacy group than in the low efficacy group in all three models (patient information model, HR 0.468, 95% CI 0.287 to 0.762; pathological image model, HR 0.334, 95% CI 0.117 to 0.628; combined model, HR 0.353, 95% CI 0.195 to 0.637). The machine learning analysis of the TIME had better accuracy than the human count evaluations (AUC of human count, CD8-positive lymphocyte: 0.681, FoxP3-positive lymphocytes: 0.626, PD-L1 score: 0.567). The spatial analysis of the TIME using machine learning predicted the immunotherapy efficacy in patients with SCLC, thus supporting its role as an immunotherapy biomarker.
VP1-2024: RATIONALE-315: Event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) of neoadjuvant tislelizumab (TIS) plus chemotherapy (CT) with adjuvant TIS in resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: D. Yue, W. Wang, H. Liu, Q. Chen, C. Chen, L. Liu, P. Zhang, G. Zhao, F. Yang, G. Han, Y. Cheng, B. Yu, Y. Yang, H. Chen, J. Jiang, B. Yao, S. Wang, R. Wang, W. Zheng, C. Wang
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2024)

The RATIONALE-315 study (NCT04379635) compared the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant TIS (anti-PD-1) plus CT and adjuvant TIS vs placebo plus CT in patients with resectable NSCLC; here we report interim results for EFS and OS. Patients with treatment-naïve resectable stage II–IIIA NSCLC eligible for platinum-doublet CT with no known EGFR mutations or ALK gene translocations were randomised (1:1) to either 3–4 cycles of neoadjuvant TIS 200 mg or placebo (IV Q3W) plus CT, then surgery and ≤8 cycles of adjuvant TIS 400 mg or placebo (IV Q6W). Dual primary endpoints were EFS by blinded independent central review and major pathological response by blinded independent pathology review. Secondary endpoints included pathological complete response, OS and safety. As of 21 Aug 2023 (median follow-up: 22.0 mo), 453 patients were randomized (TIS, n=226; placebo, n=227). Of these, 452 received neoadjuvant treatment (n=226 both arms [99.8%]), 421 (92.9%) completed neoadjuvant treatment (TIS, n=211 [93.4%]; placebo, n=210 [92.5%]), 363 (80.1%) had surgery (TIS, n=190 [84.1%]; placebo, n=173 [76.2%]), 315 (69.5%) received adjuvant treatment (TIS, n=168 [74.3%]; placebo, n=147 [64.8%]) and 207 (45.7%) completed adjuvant treatment (TIS, n=106 [46.9%]; placebo, n=101 [44.5%]). Median EFS or OS were not reached for either arm; however, a statistically significant difference in EFS (HR [95% CI], 0.56 [0.40–0.79]; 1-sided P=.0003) and an OS benefit trend (HR [95% CI], 0.62 [0.39–0.98]; 1-sided P=.0193) were observed favouring TIS. In the safety population (n=226 both arms), 224 (99.1%) patients on TIS vs 225 (99.6%) on placebo experienced ≥1 treatment-related adverse event (TRAE); 163 (72.1%) vs 150 (66.4%) experienced Grade ≥3 TRAEs and 35 (15.5%) vs 18 (8.0%) experienced serious TRAEs, respectively. Neoadjuvant TIS plus CT with adjuvant TIS demonstrated a clinically meaningful and statistically significant benefit for EFS and an OS benefit trend vs placebo plus CT. Regimen safety was manageable and consistent with known treatment risks. These data support this combination as a new standard of care for patients with resectable NSCLC.
Prescribing of Proton Pump Inhibitors for Prevention of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in US Outpatient Visits
Authors: Jacob E. Kurlander, John N. Mafi, Michael J. Racz, Geoffrey D. Barnes, Sameer D. Saini, Patrick D. Meek, Elliot B. Tapper, Jeffrey T. Kullgren, Joel H. Rubenstein, Caroline R. Richardson, Danielle Helminski
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2024)
Inequalities in cancer: a major public health concern
Authors: None The Lancet Public Health
Journal: The Lancet Public Health (2024)

According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer's latest estimates, 2022 saw 20 million new cancer cases and 9·7 million deaths worldwide. Lung cancer was the most common cancer with 2·5 million new cases—12·4% of the total new cases, followed by breast cancer (2·3 million cases, 11·6%), colorectal cancer (1·9 million cases, 9·6%), and prostate cancer (1·5 million cases, 7·3%). With population ageing and growth, and changes in exposure to risk factors, projections predict 35 million new cancer cases in 2050.
18fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT as possible early diagnostic tool preceding MRI changes in Borna disease virus 1 encephalitis
Authors: Antonios Bayas, Martina Menacher, Constantin Lapa, Dennis Tappe, Christoph Maurer, Friederike Liesche-Starnecker, Hauke Schneider, Markus Naumann
Journal: The Lancet (2024)
Lithium and disease modification: A systematic review and meta-analysis in Alzheimer's and Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Monique Patricio Singulani, Ana Flávia Fernandes Ferreira, Paulina Sepúlveda Figueroa, Iván Cuyul-Vásquez, Leda Leme Talib, Luiz Roberto Britto, Orestes Vicente Forlenza
Journal: Ageing Research Reviews (2024)
Influencing dreams through sensory stimulation: A systematic review
Authors: Leila Salvesen, Elena Capriglia, Martin Dresler, Giulio Bernardi
Journal: Sleep Medicine Reviews (2024)

Sleep is typically considered a state of disconnection from the environment, yet instances of external sensory stimuli influencing dreams have been reported for centuries. Explaining this phenomenon could provide valuable insight into dreams' generative and functional mechanisms, the factors that promote sleep continuity, and the processes that underlie conscious awareness. Moreover, harnessing sensory stimuli for dream engineering could benefit individuals suffering from dream-related alterations. This PRISMA-compliant systematic review assessed the current evidence concerning the influence of sensory stimulation on sleep mentation. We included 51 publications, of which 21 focused on auditory stimulation, ten on somatosensory stimulation, eight on olfactory stimulation, four on visual stimulation, two on vestibular stimulation, and one on multimodal stimulation. Furthermore, nine references explored conditioned associative stimulation: six focused on targeted memory reactivation protocols and three on targeted lucid reactivation protocols. The reported frequency of stimulus-dependent dream changes across studies ranged from 0 to ∼80%, likely reflecting a considerable heterogeneity of definitions and methodological approaches. Our findings highlight a lack of comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms, functions, and neurophysiological correlates of stimulus-dependent dream changes. We suggest that a paradigm shift is required for meaningful progress in this field.
Correction: RCAd-LTH-shPD-L1, a double-gene recombinant oncolytic adenovirus with enhanced antitumor immunity, increases lymphocyte infiltration and reshapes the tumor microenvironment
Authors: Yuan Meng, Haotian Liu, Haoran Zhu, Wanrong Zhang, Dong Sun, Xuefei Han, Ying Liu, Guangzuo Luo
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2024)
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt followed by splenectomy for complicated hepatosplenic schistosomiasis: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Francesca Tamarozzi, Tamara Ursini, Giacomo Stroffolini, Geraldo Badona Monteiro, Dora Buonfrate, Veronica Andrea Fittipaldo, Simone Conci, Clizia Gasparini, Giancarlo Mansueto, Alfredo Guglielmi, Federico Gobbi
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2024)
Targeted prophylactic anticoagulation based on the TRiP(cast) score in patients with lower limb immobilisation: a multicentre, stepped wedge, randomised implementation trial
Authors: Delphine Douillet, Andrea Penaloza, Damien Viglino, Jean-Jacques Banihachemi, Anmar Abboodi, Mathilde Helderlé, Emmanuel Montassier, Fréderic Balen, Christian Brice, Saïd Laribi, Thibault Duchenoy, Philippe Vives, Louis Soulat, Nicolas Marjanovic, Thomas Moumneh, Dominique Savary, Jérémie Riou, Pierre-Marie Roy
Journal: The Lancet (2024)
Development of ovalbumin implants with different spatial configurations for treatment of peripheral nerve injury
Authors: Tiantian Zheng, Hongxia Gao, Yaqiong Liu, Shaolan Sun, Wenchao Guan, Linliang Wu, Yumin Yang, Guicai Li
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2024)

Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) seriously affects the health and life of patients, and is an urgent clinical problem that needs to be resolved. Nerve implants prepared from various biomaterials have played a positive role in PNI, but the effect should be further improved and thus new biomaterials is urgently needed. Ovalbumin (OVA) contains a variety of bioactive components, low immunogenicity, tolerance, antimicrobial activity, non-toxicity and biodegradability, and has the ability to promote wound healing, cell growth and antimicrobial properties. However, there are few studies on the application of OVA in neural tissue engineering. In this study, OVA implants with different spatial structures (membrane, fiber, and lyophilized scaffolds) were constructed by casting, electrospinning, and freeze-drying methods, respectively. The results showed that the OVA implants had excellent physicochemical properties and were biocompatible without significant toxicity, and can promote vascularization, show good histocompatibility, without excessive inflammatory response and immunogenicity. The in vitro results showed that OVA implants could promote the proliferation and migration of Schwann cells, while the in vivo results confirmed that OVA implants (the E5/70% and 20 kV 20 μL/min groups) could effectively regulate the growth of blood vessels, reduce the inflammatory response and promote the repair of subcutaneous nerve injury. Further on, the high-throughput sequencing results showed that the OVA implants up-regulated differential expression of genes related to biological processes such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), phosphatidylinositide 3-kinases/protein kinase B (PI3K-Akt) signaling pathway, axon guidance, cellular adhesion junctions, and nerve regeneration in Schwann cells. The present study is expected to provide new design concepts and theoretical accumulation for the development of a new generation of nerve regeneration implantable biomaterials.
Lipopolymer mediated siRNA delivery targeting aberrant oncogenes for effective therapy of myeloid leukemia in preclinical animal models
Authors: Aysha S. Ansari, Remant K.C., Luis C. Morales, Mohammad Nasrullah, Daniel Nisakar Meenakshi Sundaram, Cezary Kucharski, Xiaoyan Jiang, Joseph Brandwein, Hasan Uludağ
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2024)
Near-infrared-responsive CuS@Cu-MOF nanocomposite with high foliar retention and extended persistence for controlling strawberry anthracnose
Authors: Yun Fang, Zhengang Xie, Haonan Zhang, Qiuyu Xiong, Bin Yu, Jingli Cheng, Wenxuan Shang, Jinhao Zhao
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2024)
From the Editor’s Desk...
Authors: Patrizia Burra, Frank Tacke, Vlad Ratziu, Stefan Zeuzem, Bruno Sangro, Paolo Angeli
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2024)

The detrimental health consequences of alcohol use disorders are undisputed, but the impact of political actions to address this on a societal level has been unclear. Díaz, Fuentes-López and coworkers analysed alcohol-related public health policies (PHPs) in 169 countries, from which they developed an alcohol preparedness index (API). The API quantified differences in alcohol-related PHPs, and countries with a higher API had reduced prevalence of alcohol use disorders, as well as reduced mortality due to alcohol-related liver diseases, cancers and cardiovascular disease.
Comparative effectiveness of azathioprine and mycophenolate mofetil for myasthenia gravis (PROMISE-MG): a prospective cohort study
Authors: Pushpa Narayanaswami, Donald B Sanders, Laine Thomas, Dylan Thibault, Jason Blevins, Rishi Desai, Andrew Krueger, Kathie Bibeau, Bo Liu, Jeffrey T Guptill, Vern C. Juel, Karissa L. Gable, Lisa D. Hobson-Webb, Janice M. Massey, Shruti Raja, C. Douglas Emmet, Yuebing Li, David Polston, Steven Shook, Debbie Hastings, Zaeem A. Siddiqi, Muhammed Abid Alvi, Haley Andonian, Michael Nicolle, Denise Hulley, Emma Ciafaloni, Patricia Smith, Shawn Bird, Volkan Granit, Michael Benatar, Anne-Laure Gringon, Kristin M. Johnson, Daniel Larriviere, Kristina Brown, Hilda Gutierrez, Katherine Ruzhansky, Aparna Choudhury, Michael K. Hehir, Noah Kolb, Waqar Waheed, Avery B. St. Sauveur, Araya Puwanant, David Lacomis, Srikanth Muppidi, Neelam Goyal, David Weinberg, James F. Howard, Jr., Manisha Chopra, Rabia Malik, Gilles Hoffmann, Anthony A. Amato, Gil I. Wolfe, Kara Patrick
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2024)
Dementia diagnosis in the anti-amyloid era
Authors: None The Lancet Neurology
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2024)

In Europe, the number of people at risk of cognitive impairment is expected to rise significantly in the coming years, because of the rapid ageing of its population. The advent of disease-modifying drugs for Alzheimer's disease offers hope. The anti-amyloid drugs aducanumab, lecanemab, and donanemab have been shown to remove amyloid from the brain during the earliest stages of Alzheimer's disease and slow cognitive decline. Research on these drugs is moving forward at pace, and their use will be implemented in clinical practice soon, if evidence confirms these positive findings.
The predictive value and clinical use of the neurological pupillary index – Authors' reply
Authors: Stefania Galimberti, Matteo Petrosino, Paola Rebora, Mauro Oddo, Fabio S Taccone, Giuseppe Citerio
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2024)

We appreciate the interest expressed by Michael TC Poon and colleagues in our Article.1 As highlighted in both the protocol2 and the Article, we primarily aimed to evaluate the association between abnormal Neurological Pupil index (NPi) and long-term outcomes in patients with acute brain injuries, and we diligently adhered to the predefined aims of the study in line with this focus.