tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Digital measures of activity and motivation impact depression and anxiety in the real world
Authors: Jacqueline M Beltrán, Yael Jacob, Marishka M Mehta, Tasnim Hossain, Abigail Adams, Samantha Fontaine, John Torous, Catherine McDonough, Matthew Johnson, Andrew D Delgado, James W Murrough, Laurel S Morris
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2025)

Mood and anxiety disorders are highly comorbid, with symptom severity varying over time. Individuals with and without these disorders completed 30-days of ecological momentary assessment (EMAs) of depression, anxiety and distress, developed based on the established Mood and Anxiety Symptom Questionnaire (MASQ). These electronic MASQ (eMASQ) EMAs were collected alongside novel intrinsic and extrinsic motivation EMAs, and physical/digital activity measures (steps/screentime) across N = 70-101 participants. Each eMASQ-EMA significantly related to its corresponding MASQ measure. Extrinsic and intrinsic motivation negatively related to each eMASQ-EMA and had the greatest influence on patients' overall symptom profile. Physical, but not digital activity, was negatively associated with concurrent and 1-week lagged anxiety and depression, highlighting the temporally delayed benefits of physical activity on depression and anxiety symptoms in psychiatric groups. Collectively, this study suggests cognitive constructs related to drive and physical activity, may be useful in predicting continuous and transient psychiatric symptoms in the real-world.
Efficacy, Safety, and Recurrence in Seborrheic Dermatitis: A Dose-Dependent Analysis of Oral Isotretinoin (10 mg vs. 20 mg)
Authors: Abdullah Demirbas, Esin Diremsizoglu, Mustafa Esen, Gozde Ulutas Demirbas
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2025)
Multivalent assembly of nucleolin-targeted F3 peptide potentiates TRAIL's tumor penetration and antitumor effects
Authors: Ze Tao, Yingying Li, Yunchuan Huang, Liqiang Hu, Shisheng Wang, Lin Wan, Tianshan She, Qiuxiao Shi, Sifen Lu, Xinyue Wang, Yi Zhong, Tao Su, Xinyuan Wang, Dan Long, Yan Li, Jie Zhang, Lijun Wang, Tingting Long, Hong Zhu, Xiaofeng Lu, Hao Yang
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2025)
Reduced adipose tissue with limited loss of lean mass after weight loss: results from the Prostate Active Lifestyle Study
Authors: Jeannette M Schenk, Roman Gulati, Sarah J Beatty, Steven Plymate, Daniel W Lin, Atreya Dash, Michael P Porter, Matt Vandoren, Jonathan L Wright, Marian L Neuhouser
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2025)

Abstract Adiposity reduction has both cancer-specific and overall health benefits for patients with overweight or obesity. However, the indiscriminate loss of lean mass accompanying weight loss remains a concern for older cancer patients. Body composition was evaluated in the Prostate Active Lifestyle Study, a randomized controlled weight loss trial targeting caloric restriction and increased physical activity among patients with prostate cancer (PCa) and overweight or obesity on active surveillance. Compared to control, the intervention statistically significantly decreased total fat (-3.4%; 95%CI: -5.3%, -1.5%), android fat (-2.0%; 95%CI: -3.6%, -0.4%), and visceral adipose tissue mass (-613 g; 95%CI: -894 g, -331 g) (all 2-sided p &amp;lt; .001) with no difference in lean mass (p = .70) and a statistically significant increase in lean-to-fat ratio (0.40; 95%CI: 0.06, 0.73; 2-sided p = .02). Weight loss interventions incorporating diet and physical activity among patients with PCa and overweight or obesity can yield statistically significant reductions in adiposity while limiting lean mass loss.
Error correcting 2D-3D cascaded network for myocardial infarct scar segmentation on late gadolinium enhancement cardiac magnetic resonance images
Authors: Matthias Schwab, Mathias Pamminger, Christian Kremser, Daniel Obmann, Markus Haltmeier, Agnes Mayr
Journal: Medical Image Analysis (2025)

Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging is considered the in vivo reference standard for assessing infarct size (IS) and microvascular obstruction (MVO) in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients. However, the exact quantification of those markers of myocardial infarct severity remains challenging and very time-consuming. As LGE distribution patterns can be quite complex and hard to delineate from the blood pool or epicardial fat, automatic segmentation of LGE CMR images is challenging. In this work, we propose a cascaded framework of two-dimensional and three-dimensional convolutional neural networks (CNNs) which enables to calculate the extent of myocardial infarction in a fully automated way. By artificially generating segmentation errors which are characteristic for 2D CNNs during training of the cascaded framework we are enforcing the detection and correction of 2D segmentation errors and hence improve the segmentation accuracy of the entire method. The proposed method was trained and evaluated on two publicly available datasets. We perform comparative experiments where we show that our framework outperforms state-of-the-art reference methods in segmentation of myocardial infarction. Furthermore, in extensive ablation studies we show the advantages that come with the proposed error correcting cascaded method. The code of this project is publicly available at https://github.com/matthi99/EcorC.git.
RNA interference versus antibody-based PCSK9 inhibition for the prevention of cardiovascular disease: A drug-target Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Eloi Gagnon, Dipender Gill, Jérôme Bourgault, Émilie Gobeil, Patricia L Mitchell, Arnaud Girard, Audrey Paulin, Christian Couture, Yohan Bossé, Sébastien Thériault, Patrick Mathieu, Marie-Claude Vohl, André Tchernof, Kausik K Ray, John J P Kastelein, Benoit J Arsenault
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2025)

Abstract Aims RNA interference therapies targeting liver expression of the gene proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and apolipoprotein B (apoB) levels. As opposed to monoclonal antibodies, which neutralise PCSK9 circulating protein, their effect on atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) outcomes is unknown. We used genetic variants in the PCSK9 locus influencing PCSK9 function or gene expression in the liver to determine whether antibodies against PCSK9 and RNA interference therapies could have comparable effects on ASCVD. Methods and results We performed genome-wide genotyping and RNA sequencing of 504 human liver sample and identified a genetic variant (rs472495) explaining 5.6% of liver PCSK9 gene expression to mimic lifelong RNA interference of PCSK9. We used the PCSK9 R46L variant, known to alter PCSK9 function, to model antibody-based PCSK9 inhibition. For each standard deviation decrease in apoB levels, both variants were similarly associated with coronary artery disease risk: (OR = 0.40 [95% CI: 0.31-0.51], p = 3.7e-13 for rs472495 which affects liver PCSK9 expression) and (OR = 0.48 [95% CI: 0.43-0.55], p = 1.3e-28 for R46L which affects protein levels). Comparable effects of these two genetic inhibition approaches were observed for aortic stenosis, heart failure, ischemic stroke, type 2 diabetes and glycemic traits as well as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and liver enzymes. Conclusions For a given reduction in apoB levels, genetically predicted reductions in PCSK9 function (mimicking PCSK9 neutralizing antibodies) and liver PCSK9 gene expression levels (mimicking PCSK9 RNA interference) were comparably associated with a lower risk of coronary artery disease. These genetic data suggest that LDL-C/apoB reductions may provide cardiovascular benefits, regardless of how PCSK9 function is inhibited.
Clinicopathological Correlates of Hormone Expression-Based Subtypes of Non-Functioning Duodenal/Ampullary Neuroendocrine Tumors: A Multicenter Study of 151 Cases
Authors: Alessandro Vanoli, Nestor Piva, Frediano Socrate Inzani, Federica Grillo, Catherine Klersy, Silvia Uccella, Paola Spaggiari, Luca Albarello, Marco Schiavo Lena, Massimo Milione, Caterina Antoniacomi, Anna Caterina Milanetto, Alessandro Zerbi, Antonio Di Sabatino, Massimo Falconi, Andrea Anderloni, Paola Mattiolo, Claudio Luchini, Aldo Scarpa, Matteo Fassan, Paola Parente, Ombretta Luinetti, Guido Rindi, Marco Paulli, Stefano La Rosa
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (2025)

Abstract Duodenal neuroendocrine tumors (Duo-NETs) may arise in the ampullary and non-ampullary duodenum. Non-functioning Duo-NETs (NF-Duo-NETs), which account for most cases, may express various hormones. Previous studies have suggested that hormone production might be associated with biological aggressiveness. Current treatment protocols are based on functionality, tumor size, and location, but small NF-Duo-NETs may also have metastatic potential. We aimed to investigate whether tumor cell subtyping, based on hormone expression, could provide further insights into NF-Duo-NET biological behavior. We analyzed the clinico-pathological correlates of hormone expression in a multicenter series of 151 NF-Duo-NETs, subdividing tumors into five subtypes: gastrin-producing G-cell NETs (Gas-NETs), somatostatin-producing D-cell NETs (Som-NETs), serotonin-producing enterochromaffin-cell NETs (Ser-NETs), plurihormonal NETs, and gastrin-, somatostatin-, and serotonin-negative NETs (GSSN-NETs). Som-NETs were the most frequent (31%), followed by plurihormonal NETs (26%), Gas-NETs (24%), GSSN-NETs (13%), and Ser-NETs (4%). Som-NETs and GSSN-NETs were more commonly located in the ampullary region and showed significantly larger size, more frequent lymphatic and/or vascular invasion, and higher pT, pN, and American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC-9th edition) stages compared to Gas-NETs, which were often (77%) diagnosed at AJCC stage I. Ampullary Som-NETs showed a more invasive and metastatic potential compared to non-ampullary Som-NETs, while, among plurihormonal NETs, the predominantly expressed hormone influenced tumor biological features, with gastrin-predominant NETs showing less invasive potential. At logistic regression, both tumor cell subtype and tumor size were independently associated with aggressiveness (pT3, pN1, or pM1 stage at diagnosis). Hormonal expression profiling may be clinically relevant in NF-Duo-NETs, independently of tumor size.
Mobile health intervention CanRelax reduces distress in people with cancer in a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Jürgen Barth, Sonja Schläpfer, Fabian Schneider, Prabhakaran Santhanam, Tobias Kowatsch, Priska Heinz, Ulrike Held, Manuela Eicher, Claudia M Witt
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2025)

Mindfulness and relaxation exercises are effective face-to-face interventions for reducing distress in people with cancer. Their effectiveness in mobile health settings has yet to be investigated. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the CanRelax 2 app in reducing distress in people with cancer. German-speaking adults diagnosed with cancer within the last five years with elevated distress levels (Distress Thermometer ≥5) were recruited. Participants were randomized to the CanRelax 2 app or a waitlist control group. The primary endpoint was the Patient Health Questionnaire Anxiety and Depression Scale (PHQ-ADS) after 10 weeks (210 participants). We observed a clinically meaningful larger reduction in PHQ-ADS scores in the intervention group compared to the control group (-3.7, 95%-CI from -5.7 to -1.6; p = 0.0005). Similar effects were found for distress, well-being, and self-regulation. Our results confirm the effectiveness of a mobile health app in reducing distress in people with cancer. Registration: German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00027546) on 23.02.2022.
Ambulatory Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Cirrhosis is Common and Burdensome
Authors: Kavish R Patidar, Ruben Hernaez, Yan Liu, George Cholankeril, Jennifer R Kramer, Thom Taylor, Prasun Jalal, Tzu-Hao Lee, Avegail G Flores, Giuseppe Cullaro, Andrew S Allegretti, Pere Gines, Fasiha Kanwal
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2025)
THE CONCEPT OF “CONVERSE THERAPEUTIC HIERARCHY” FOR PATIENTS WITH HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA
Authors: Alessandro Vitale, Giuseppe Cabibbo, Lorenza Rimassa, Massimo Iavarone, Agostino Colli, Laura Crocetti, Timothy M. Pawlik, Andrea Casadei-Gardini, Francesca Romana Ponziani, Irene Bargellini, Francesco Tovoli, Umberto Cillo, Edoardo G. Giannini
Journal: Liver Cancer (2025)

Background. The clinical complexity of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the availability of multiple therapeutic options, and clinical therapeutic intents could make it challenging to identify an unequivocal limit between conversion, downstaging/downsizing, and neoadjuvant therapies and curative or palliative intent treatments and to dimension the most proper sequential therapeutic strategy for each patient. Summary. The concept of converse therapeutic hierarchy could rationally embrace all the different sequential treatment options (e.g., from surgery to systemic therapy) and the different therapeutic clinical intents (e.g., curative, neoadjuvant, downstaging/downsizing, conversion, and palliative), sharing the common goal of converting the patient with HCC from a less to a more favourable condition to improve the chance (higher applicability – conversion or downstaging intent) or the effectiveness (better postoperative outcome – neoadjuvant intent) of “intent-to-cure treatments”. This narrative review aims to introduce and explain the umbrella concept of the converse therapeutic hierarchy as a valuable framework for everyday clinical practice, enabling clinicians to better define ideal candidates and good responders for each sequential strategy. Furthermore, the converse therapeutic hierarchy concept represents a flexible container that should be continuously filled with new scientific evidence to build different sequential treatment strategies in the multidisciplinary and multi-step management of patients with HCC. An operative and pragmatic definition of the various sequential treatment strategies, based on the initial probability of intent to cure therapy for patients with HCC, has also been proposed. This probability varies from very high to low. It is related to the initial treatment choice and the multiparametric patient evaluation (e.g., patient’s fitness, tumour features, liver function, and technical aspects) done by an expert multidisciplinary tumour board. Key messages. The converse therapeutic hierarchy concept represents a valuable and pragmatic framework for everyday clinical practice. It also serves as a flexible container that must be filled with new high-quality evidence and expert consensus to better define the clinical boundaries between the different HCC sequential treatment strategies (e.g., neoadjuvant, downstaging/downsizing, and conversion).
Effectiveness of tailored injury and illness prevention and management to reduce the prevalence and severity of health problems in adapted sports: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Sietske Cm Luijten, Simone Cn Jenniskens, Jasmijn Fm Holla, Thomas Wj Janssen, Joske Nauta, Jos Wr Twisk, Evert Verhagen
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2025)

Objective This randomised controlled trial evaluated the efficacy of the Tailored Injury Prevention in Adapted Sports (TIPAS) intervention on sports-related health problems in athletes participating in adaptive sports with physical impairments. Methods We randomly assigned 60 athletes participating in adaptive sports with physical impairments to an intervention group and 47 to a control group. The intervention group received direct, automated, predetermined preventive and management measures tailored to their weekly reported health problems, physical impairments and sports. The primary outcome was injury and illness prevalence over 40 weeks. Secondary outcomes were incidence, weekly cumulative severity score, weekly time loss, and total burden. A multinomial mixed methods analysis was performed to identify an intervention effect over time. Results The athletes (53 women, 54 men; age±45 years) reported 449 health problems (162 illnesses, 287 injuries) during the study period. The overall prevalence of health problems was 44% in the intervention group and 46% in the control group. Over time, no significant main intervention effect was found (illnesses OR: 1.02; 95% CI: 0.52 to 1.99; and injuries OR: 1.01; 95% CI: 0.55 to 1.86). However, a significant positive time×group interaction effect (p&lt;0.001) indicated a reduction in injury prevalence in the intervention group over time, though not for illnesses. The rates versus severity analysis showed a significantly lower illness severity in the intervention group relative to the control group. Conclusion The TIPAS intervention provides a non-significant decrease in the overall prevalence of sport-related injuries and illnesses and may reduce the severity of sport-related illnesses throughout a Dutch sports season. This tailored online preventive strategy provides an accessible programme to consider in adapted sports suited to athletes’ physical impairments, sports participation and current health status. Trial registration number : ICTRP register: NL-OMON24078
Next-generation surgical navigation: Marker-less multi-view 6DoF pose estimation of surgical instruments
Authors: Jonas Hein, Nicola Cavalcanti, Daniel Suter, Lukas Zingg, Fabio Carrillo, Lilian Calvet, Mazda Farshad, Nassir Navab, Marc Pollefeys, Philipp Fürnstahl
Journal: Medical Image Analysis (2025)
Targeting SLC7A11 with Sorafenib Sensitizes Stereotactic body radiotherapy in Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastasis
Authors: Jiashuai He, Yiran Zhang, Simin Luo, Zhan Zhao, Tianmu Mo, Hanyang Guan, Haoquan Li, Zili Bian, Xiangwei Zhang, Shenghui Qiu, Shijin Liu, Wang Tang, Bo Shi, Minfeng Chen, Dongmei Zhang, Yunlong Pan, Jinghua Pan
Journal: Drug Resistance Updates (2025)
Enzyme-independent functions of HDAC3 in the adult heart
Authors: Sichong Qian, Chen Zhang, Wenbo Li, Shiyang Song, Guanqiao Lin, Zixiu Cheng, Wenjun Zhou, Huiqi Yin, Yueli Wang, Haiyang Li, HuYing Shen, Zheng Sun
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2025)
Association Between a History of Stevens–Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis and the Risk of Systemic Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases: A Nationwide, Population‐Based Case–Control Study
Authors: Yun‐Wen Chen, Tsai‐Hung Yen, Chung‐Mao Kao, Wen‐Cheng Chao, Der‐Yuan Chen, Hsin‐Hua Chen
Journal: Allergy (2025)
Microbial-derived peptidases are altered in celiac disease, non-celiac gluten sensitivity, and functional dyspepsia: a systematic review and re-analysis of the duodenal microbiome
Authors: Jennifer C. Pryor, Cheenie Nieva, Nicholas J. Talley, Guy D. Eslick, Kerith Duncanson, Grace L. Burns, Emily C. Hoedt, Simon Keely
Journal: Gut Microbes (2025)

Dietary gluten triggers symptoms in patients with gluten-related disorders (GRDs) including celiac disease (CeD), non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS), and subsets of patients with functional dyspepsia (FD). The gastrointestinal microbiota is altered in these patients when compared to healthy individuals. As the microbiota is crucial for the hydrolysis of gluten, we hypothesized that the capacity of the microbiota to digest gluten is reduced in these conditions. We systematically reviewed and re-analyzed published datasets to compare gastrointestinal microbiomes of GRD patients and identify signals explaining gluten responses. A systematic search of five databases was conducted to identify studies where the microbiota of CeD, NCGS, or FD patients was analyzed by 16S rRNA amplicon or shotgun metagenomic sequencing and compared to control populations. Where available, raw duodenal microbiota sequence data were re-analyzed with a consistent bioinformatic pipeline. Thirty articles met the inclusion criteria for this systematic review. Microbiota diversity metrics were not impacted by the diseases; however, genera including Streptococcus, Neisseria, and Lactobacillus were commonly altered in GRD patients. Re-analysis of duodenal 16S rRNA data was possible for five included articles but did not identify any consistent differentially abundant taxa. Predicted functional analysis of the microbiome revealed that peptidases including aminopeptidase, proline iminopeptidase, and Xaa-Pro dipeptidase are altered in CeD, NCGS, and FD, respectively. These microbial-derived peptidases hydrolyze bonds in proline-rich gluten peptides. While the gastrointestinal microbiota in patients with GRDs differ from controls, no distinct phenotype links them. However, alterations to the predicted functional capacity of the microbiome to produce gluten-hydrolyzing enzymes suggest that inappropriate digestion of gluten by the microbiome impacts host responses to dietary gluten in these conditions. These findings have implications for therapeutic management of GRDs, as treatment with gluten-degrading enzymes or tailored probiotics could improve disease outcomes by enhancing gluten digestion into non-reactive peptides.
Magnesium Ions Induce Endothelial Cell Differentiation into Tip Cell and Enhance Vascularized Bone Regeneration
Authors: Liang Wang, Xu Wang, Jicenyuan Wu, Junyu Chen, Zihan He, Jian Wang, Xin Zhang
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2025)

Abstract Vascularization has been considered an essential strategy for bone regeneration and can be promoted by magnesium ions (Mg 2+ ). During angiogenesis, the differentiation of endothelial cells (ECs) into tip cell is a critical step since it controls the growth direction and pattern of new vascular sprouts. While several studies have noted the pro‐angiogenic effects of Mg 2+ , however, their specific influence on tip cell formation is unclear. Therefore, this research seeks to examine the impact of Mg 2+ on tip cells and elucidate the potential mechanisms involved. The results reveal that Mg 2+ shows good compatibility and stimulates ECs to migrate and invade in vitro. Moreover, Mg 2+ enhances EC spheroids sprouting and elevates the expression of genes linked to tip cells. The underlying mechanisms are that Mg 2+ facilitates tip cell differentiation via the VEGFA–VEGFR2/Notch1 signaling pathway crosstalk and promotes migration and filopodia formation of tip cells and proliferation of stalk cells by inducing YAP nuclear translocation, culminating in the maturation of vascular networks. Furthermore, EC spheroids stimulated by Mg 2+ load in hydrogel enhance vascularized bone regeneration in vivo. These findings enrich the understanding of how Mg 2+ influence blood vessel formation and provide practical strategies for the development and design of magnesium‐based biomaterials.
Corrigendum to ‘Bioprinting 3D microfibrous scaffolds for engineering cardiac tissues and heart-on-a-chip’ [Biomaterials Volume 110, (2016) Pages 45–59]
Authors: Yu Shrike Zhang, Andrea Arneri, Simone Bersini, Su Ryon Shin, Kai Zhu, Zahra Goli-Malekabadi, Julio Aleman, Cristina Colosi, Fabio Busignani, Valeria Dell'Erba, Colin Bishop, Thomas Shupe, Danilo Demarchi, Matteo Moretti, Marco Rasponi, Mehmet Remzi Dokmeci, Anthony Atala, Ali Khademhosseini
Journal: Biomaterials (2025)
Re: Effect of NeuroSAFE-guided RARP Versus Standard RARP on Erectile Function and Urinary Continence in Patients with Localised Prostate Cancer (NeuroSAFE PROOF): A Multicentre, Patient-blinded, Randomised, Controlled Phase 3 Trial
Authors: David C Chen, Abdullah Al-Khanaty, David Hennes, Marlon L Perera, Nathan Lawrentschuk, Declan G Murphy
Journal: European Urology (2025)
Corrigendum to “Atmosphere-inspired multilayered nanoarmor with modulable protection and delivery of Interleukin-4 for inflammatory microenvironment modulation” [Biomaterials 301 (2023) 122254]
Authors: Xin Ge, Junfeng Hu, Yuan Peng, Zhuo Zeng, Danfeng He, Xilan Li, Yajie Chen, Gaoxing Luo, Jun Deng, Zhigang Xu, Song He
Journal: Biomaterials (2025)