tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Exploration of immune checkpoint inhibitors in neoadjuvant therapy of early-stage breast cancer
Authors: Tong-Yue Ren, Zhao Bi
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China, 250000 Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article. Published online ■ ■ *Corresponding author. Address: Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji Yan Road 440, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China. Phone number: +86-0531-67626215. E-mail address: [email protected] (Z. Bi). This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CCBY), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Precise and safe pulmonary segmentectomy enabled by visualizing cancer margins with dual-channel near-infrared fluorescence
Authors: Ok Hwa Jeon, Kai Bao, Kyungsu Kim, Haoran Wang, Shinya Yokomizo, G. Kate Park, Byeong Hyeon Choi, Jiyun Rho, Chungyeul Kim, Hak Soo Choi, Hyun Koo Kim
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

Segmentectomy is a type of limited resection surgery indicated for patients with very early-stage lung cancer or compromised function because it can improve quality of life with minimal removal of normal tissue. For segmentectomy, an accurate detection of the tumor with simultaneous identification of the lung intersegment plane is critical. However, it is not easy to identify both during surgery. Here, the authors report dual-channel image-guided lung cancer surgery using renally clearable and physiochemically stable targeted fluorophores to visualize the tumor and intersegmental plane distinctly with different colors; cRGD-ZW800 (800 nm channel) targets tumors specifically, and ZW700 (700 nm channel) simultaneously helps discriminate segmental planes.
A commentary on ‘Barriers and facilitators to sustainable operating theatres: a systematic review using the Theoretical Domains Framework’
Authors: Linlin Fan, Yanbo Wang, Caiyun Wu, Zhixia Ding
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

aPostgraduate School of Nursing, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Gansu, China, 730000 bUndergraduate Course, second author, Department of Endocrine Nephrology, Gansu Baoshihua Hospital, Gansu, China, 730000 cUndergraduate Course, third author, Operating Room, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Gansu, China, 730000 Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article. Published online ■ ■ *Corresponding author. Address: Postgraduate School of Nursing, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Gansu, China, 730000. E-mail address: [email protected] (Y. Wang). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Regarding the role of HER2 overexpression on the survival in muscle-invasive bladder cancer
Authors: Wei Yang, Jinlin Liu
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

aDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital Bijie Hospital, Bijie, Guizhou, China bDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, South China Hospital, Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article Published online ■ ■ *Corresponding author. Address: Department of Clinical Laboratory, South China Hospital 1 Fuxin Road, Shenzhen, 518111, China, Cell phone: 0086-18768137609, Fax:0755-89698999. E-mail address: [email protected] (J. Liu). This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CCBY), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Comparison of disc position stability and condylar bone remodeling between two open disc repositioning surgeries: a retrospective single-center cohort study
Authors: Chuan Lu, Jieyun Zhao, Xiaoyu Zhang, Xingda Fan, Xin Nie, Chuangqi Yu, Chi Yang, Dongmei He
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

Background and Objective: Open suturing (OSu) and Mini-screw Anchor (MsA) are two commonly used open disc repositioning surgeries for anterior disc displacement (ADD) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). This study assesses the differences in disc position stability (DPS) and condylar bone remodeling (CBR) between these two surgical procedures in a single center. Methods: A retrospective cohort study using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans (preoperation, 1 week and 12 mo postoperation) of all patients who had open TMJ disc repositioning surgery from January 2016 to June 2021 at one center through two surgical techniques (OSu and MsA) was performed. The predictor variable was technique (OSu and MsA). Outcome variables were DPS and CBR. During follow-up, DPS was rated as good, acceptable and poor, and CBR was graded as improved, unchanged, and degenerated. Multivariate analysis was used to compare the DPS and CBR at 12 months after adjusting 5 factors including age, sex, Wilkes stage, preoperative bone status (normal, mild/moderate abnormal) and the degree of disc repositioning (normal, overcorrected, and posteriorly repositioned). Relative risk (RR) for DPS and CBR was calculated by multivariate logistic regression. Results: 385 patients with 583 joints were included in the study. MRIs at 12 months showed that 514 joints (93.5%) had good DPS, and 344 joints (62.5%) had improved CBR. Multivariate analysis revealed that OSu had higher DPS (RR=2.95; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.27 to 6.85) and better CBR (RR=1.58; 95%CI, 1.02 to 2.46) than MsA. Among the factors affecting DPS, females had better results than males (RR=2.63; 95%CI, 1.11 to 6.26) and overcorrected or posteriorly repositioned discs were more stable than normally-repositioned discs (RR=5.84; 95%CI, 2.58 to 13.20). The improvement in CBR decreased with age increasing (RR=0.91; 95%CI, 0.89 to 0.93). Preoperative mild/moderate abnormal bone status had a higher probability of improved CBR compared to normal preoperative bone status (RR=2.60; 95%CI, 1.76 to 3.83). Conclusion: OSu had better DPS and CBR than MsA. Sex and the degree of disc repositioning impacted DPS, while age and preoperative bone status affected CBR.
SKA3 targeted therapies in cancer precision surgery: bridging bench discoveries to clinical applications – review article
Authors: Dechao Feng, Jie Wang, Yuhan Xiao, Ruicheng Wu, Dengxiong Li, Zhouting Tuo, Qingxin Yu, Luxia Ye, Akira MIYAMOTO, Koo Han Yoo, Wuran Wei, Xing Ye, Chi Zhang, Ping Han
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

Spindle and kinetochore-associated complex subunit 3 (SKA3) is a microtubule-binding subcomplex of the outer kinetochore, which plays a vital role in proper chromosomal segregation and cell division. Recently, SKA3 have been demonstrated its oncogenic role of tumorigenesis and development in cancers. In this review, the authors comprehensively deciphered SKA3 in human cancer from various aspects, including bibliometrics, pan-cancer analysis, and narrative summary. The authors also provided the top 10 predicted drugs targeting SKA3. The authors proposed that SKA3 was a potential target and brought new therapeutic opportunities for cancer patients.
CD4 <sup>+</sup> T cell immunity against cutaneous melanoma encompasses multifaceted MHC II–dependent responses
Authors: Emma G. Bawden, Teagan Wagner, Jan Schröder, Maike Effern, Daniel Hinze, Lewis Newland, Grace H. Attrill, Ariane R. Lee, Sven Engel, David Freestone, Marcela de Lima Moreira, Elise Gressier, Nathan McBain, Annabell Bachem, Ashraful Haque, Ruining Dong, Angela L. Ferguson, Jarem J. Edwards, Peter M. Ferguson, Richard A. Scolyer, James S. Wilmott, Christopher M. Jewell, Andrew G. Brooks, David E. Gyorki, Umaimainthan Palendira, Sammy Bedoui, Jason Waithman, Katharina Hochheiser, Michael Hölzel, Thomas Gebhardt
Journal: Science Immunology (2024)

Whereas CD4 + T cells conventionally mediate antitumor immunity by providing help to CD8 + T cells, recent clinical studies have implied an important role for cytotoxic CD4 + T cells in cancer immunity. Using an orthotopic melanoma model, we provide a detailed account of antitumoral CD4 + T cell responses and their regulation by major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC II) in the skin. Intravital imaging revealed prominent interactions of CD4 + T cells with tumor debris-laden MHC II + host antigen-presenting cells that accumulated around tumor cell nests, although direct recognition of MHC II + melanoma cells alone could also promote CD4 + T cell control. CD4 + T cells stably suppressed or eradicated tumors even in the absence of other lymphocytes by using tumor necrosis factor–α and Fas ligand (FasL) but not perforin-mediated cytotoxicity. Interferon-γ was critical for protection, acting both directly on melanoma cells and via induction of nitric oxide synthase in myeloid cells. Our results illustrate multifaceted and context-specific aspects of MHC II–dependent CD4 + T cell immunity against cutaneous melanoma, emphasizing modulation of this axis as a potential avenue for immunotherapies.
TGFβ prevents IgE-mediated allergic disease by restraining T follicular helper 2 differentiation
Authors: Tamara T. Haque, Katherine A. Weissler, Zoe Schmiechen, Karen Laky, Daniella M. Schwartz, Jenny Li, Michela Locci, Mathilde Turfkruyer, Chen Yao, Paul Schaughency, Lashawna Leak, Justin Lack, Yuka Kanno, John O’Shea, Pamela A. Frischmeyer-Guerrerio
Journal: Science Immunology (2024)

Allergic diseases are common, affecting more than 20% of the population. Genetic variants in the TGFβ pathway are strongly associated with atopy. To interrogate the mechanisms underlying this association, we examined patients and mice with Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS) who harbor missense mutations in the kinase domain of TGFΒR1/2 . We demonstrate that LDS mutations lead to reduced TGFβ signaling and elevated total and allergen-specific IgE, despite the presence of wild-type T regulatory cells in a chimera model. Germinal center activity was enhanced in LDS and characterized by a selective increase in type 2 follicular helper T cells (T FH 2). Expression of Pik3cg was increased in LDS T FH cells and associated with reduced levels of the transcriptional repressor SnoN. PI3Kγ/mTOR signaling in LDS naïve CD4 + T cells was elevated after T cell receptor cross-linking, and pharmacologic inhibition of PI3Kγ or mTOR prevented exaggerated T FH 2 and antigen-specific IgE responses after oral antigen exposure in an adoptive transfer model. Naïve CD4 + T cells from nonsyndromic allergic individuals also displayed decreased TGFβ signaling, suggesting that our mechanistic discoveries may be broadly relevant to allergic patients in general. Thus, TGFβ plays a conserved, T cell–intrinsic, and nonredundant role in restraining T FH 2 development via the PI3Kγ/mTOR pathway and thereby protects against allergic disease.
Omicron BA.2 breakthrough infection elicits CD8 <sup>+</sup> T cell responses recognizing the spike of later Omicron subvariants
Authors: Sang-Hoon Kim, Jihye Kim, Sungmin Jung, Ji Yun Noh, Jinnam Kim, Heedo Park, Young Goo Song, Kyong Ran Peck, Su-Hyung Park, Man-Seong Park, Jae-Hoon Ko, Joon Young Song, Jun Yong Choi, Min Kyung Jung, Eui-Cheol Shin
Journal: Science Immunology (2024)

Here, we examine peripheral blood memory T cell responses against the SARS-CoV-2 BA.4/BA.5 variant spike among vaccinated individuals with or without Omicron breakthrough infections. We provide evidence supporting a lack of original antigenic sin in CD8 + T cell responses targeting the spike. We show that BNT162b2-induced memory T cells respond to the BA.4/BA.5 spike. Among individuals with BA.1/BA.2 breakthrough infections, IFN-γ–producing CD8 + T cell responses against the BA.4/BA.5 spike increased. In a subgroup with BA.2 breakthrough infections, IFN-γ–producing CD8 + T cell responses against the BA.2-mutated spike region increased and correlated directly with responses against the BA.4/BA.5 spike, indicating that BA.2 spike–specific CD8 + T cells elicited by BA.2 breakthrough infection cross-react with the BA.4/BA.5 spike. We identified CD8 + T cell epitope peptides that are present in the spike of BA.2 and BA.4/BA.5 but not the original spike. These peptides are fully conserved in the spike of now-dominant XBB lineages. Our study shows that breakthrough infection by early Omicron subvariants elicits CD8 + T cell responses that recognize epitopes within the spike of newly emerging subvariants.
Advances in Microsphere-based Super-resolution Imaging
Authors: Neil Upreti, Geonsoo Jin, Joseph Rich, Ruoyu Zhong, John Mai, Chenglong Zhao, Tony Jun Huang
Journal: IEEE Reviews in Biomedical Engineering (2024)

Techniques to resolve images beyond the diffraction limit of light with a large field of view (FOV) are necessary to foster progress in various fields such as cell and molecular biology, biophysics, and nanotechnology, where nanoscale resolution is crucial for understanding the intricate details of large-scale molecular interactions. Although several means of achieving super-resolutions exist, they are often hindered by factors such as high costs, significant complexity, lengthy processing times, and the classical tradeoff between image resolution and FOV. Microsphere-based super-resolution imaging has emerged as a promising approach to address these limitations. In this review, we delve into the theoretical underpinnings of microsphere-based imaging and the associated photonic nanojet. This is followed by a comprehensive exploration of various microsphere-based imaging techniques, encompassing static imaging, mechanical scanning, optical scanning, and acoustofluidic scanning methodologies. This review concludes with a forward-looking perspective on the potential applications and future scientific directions of this innovative technology.
Thoraxwand und Pleura
Authors: Peter Vock
Journal: Thorax (2003)

Anatomisch gliedern sich die Thoraxwand in obere Thoraxapertur, Schultergürtel, Sternalumgebung, anterolaterale Thoraxwand und Wirbelsäulenumgebung; die Pleura in ein viszerales (mit Interlobien) und ein parietales Blatt. Diese Vielfalt bedingt Besonderheiten der lymphatischen Drainage. Wichtige radiologische Veränderungsmuster werden danach vorgestellt. Fehlbildungen der Weichteile und des Skeletts sind von beschränkter Bedeutung, Varianten der Pleura stellen die Basis für die Ausbreitung von Lungenerkrankungen dar. Nichtinfektiöse rheumatologisch-immunologische Entzündungen betreffen recht oft Pleura und Thoraxwand, welche aber auch Infektionen von außen, aus der Lunge oder hämatogen ausgesetzt sind. Unter den Neoplasien stehen Metastasen sowohl in Pleura als der Thoraxwand zuoberst, obwohl auch aus ortständigen Geweben Tumoren entstehen und Malignome aus der Umgebung einwachsen können. Das Spektrum der Erkrankungen wird ergänzt durch vaskuläre, metabolische, beruflich bedingte und iatrogene Pathologien.
Transbronchial cryoablation in peripheral lung parenchyma with a novel thin cryoprobe and initial clinical testing
Authors: Chuanjia Gu, Haibin Yuan, Chi Yang, Fangfang Xie, Junxiang Chen, Lei Zhu, Yifeng Jiang, Jiayuan Sun
Journal: Thorax (2024)

Background Transbronchial cryoablation shows potential as a local therapy for inoperable peripheral lung cancer. However, its clinical application for peripheral pulmonary lesions has not been reported yet. Methods An improved cryoprobe with an 8-mm-long, 1.9-mm-wide cryotip was used. Initially, the safety and effectiveness of this cryoprobe were assessed in an in vivo porcine model. Transbronchial cryoablation with 2 or 3 freeze-thaw cycles (10 min or 15 min in each freezing time) was performed in 18 pigs under CT monitoring. Radiological and pathological examinations were performed to evaluate the extent of cryoablation. Subsequently, nine patients with stage IA peripheral lung cancer or metastases underwent transbronchial cryoablation with this cryoprobe under the guidance of navigation bronchoscopy and cone-beam CT. Technical success, safety and outcomes were assessed. Results 36 cryoablation procedures were performed successfully without any major complications in the porcine model. The extent of cryoablation increased with freezing time and the number of freeze-thaw cycles, which peaked at 24 hours and then gradually decreased. Pathological results showed a change from massive haemorrhage at 24 hours to fibrous hyperplasia with chronic inflammation after 4 weeks. In the clinical trial, 10 cryoablations were performed on 9 tumours with a technical success rate of 100%. One mild treatment-related complication occurred. Of the nine tumours, seven achieved complete ablation, while two exhibited incomplete ablation and subsequent local progression at 6 months. Conclusion Our initial experience indicated that transbronchial cryoablation was a safe and feasible procedure for non-surgical peripheral stage IA lung cancer or pulmonary metastases. Trial registration number ChiCTR2200061544.
Residential Address Amplifies Health Disparities and Risk of Infection in Individuals With Diabetic Foot Ulcers
Authors: Brian M. Schmidt, Yiyuan Huang, Mousumi Banerjee, Salim S. Hayek, Rodica Pop-Busui
Journal: Diabetes Care (2024)

OBJECTIVE To determine the association between social determinants of health (SDOH) and a diagnosis of diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) infection. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Targeted interrogation of electronic health record data using novel search engines to analyze individuals with a DFU infection during a 5-year period (2013–2017) was performed. We extracted geolocated neighborhood data and SDOH characteristics from the National Neighborhood Data Archive and used univariate and multiple logistic regression to evaluate associations with outcomes in the population with diabetes. RESULTS Among 4.3 million people overall and 144,564 individuals with diabetes seen between 2013 and 2017, 8,351 developed DFU, of which cases 2,252 were complicated by a DFU infection. Sex interactions occurred, as men who experienced a DFU infection more frequently identified as having nonmarried status than their female counterparts. For the population with DFU infection, there were higher rates for other SDOH, including higher neighborhood disadvantaged index score, poverty, nonmarriage, and less access to physician/allied health professionals (all P &amp;lt; 0.01). In multiple logistic regression, those individuals who developed DFU infection came from neighborhoods with greater Hispanic and/or foreign-born concentrations (odds ratio 1.11, P = 0.015). CONCLUSIONS We found significant differences in neighborhood characteristics driving a higher risk for DFU infection in comparisons with the grouping of individuals with diabetes overall, including increased risk for individuals with Hispanic and/or foreign-born immigration status. These data strongly support the need to incorporate SDOH, particularly ethnic and immigration status, into triage algorithms for DFU risk stratification to prevent severe diabetic foot complications and move beyond biologic-only determinants of health.
Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: How Should We Measure Glucose?
Authors: Helena E. Backman, Christos Karefylakis, Erik Schwarcz, Anders Magnuson, Ida Branzell, Christopher J. Nolan, David Simmons, David Simmons, William Hague, Helena Teede, Wah Cheung, Christopher Nolan, Michael Peek, Jeff Flack, Mark Mclean, Vincent Wong, Emily Hibbert
Journal: Diabetes Care (2024)
Single-cell transcriptome analysis reveals the association between histone lactylation and cisplatin resistance in bladder cancer
Authors: Fei Li, Henghui Zhang, Yuan Huang, Dongqing Li, Zaosong Zheng, Kunfeng Xie, Chun Cao, Qiong Wang, Xinlei Zhao, Zehai Huang, Shijun Chen, Haiyong Chen, Qin Fan, Fan Deng, Lina Hou, Xiaolin Deng, Wanlong Tan
Journal: Drug Resistance Updates (2024)
Severe Hypocalcemia With Denosumab Among Older Female Dialysis-Dependent Patients
Authors: Steven T. Bird, Elizabeth R. Smith, Kate Gelperin, Tae Hyun Jung, Aliza Thompson, Rekha Kambhampati, Hai Lyu, Henu Zhao, Yueqin Zhao, Yunfan Zhu, Olivia Easley, Ali Niak, Michael Wernecke, Yoganand Chillarige, Marina Zemskova, Jeffrey A. Kelman, David J. Graham
Journal: JAMA (2024)

Importance Dialysis-dependent patients experience high rates of morbidity from fractures, yet little evidence is available on optimal treatment strategies. Chronic kidney disease–mineral and bone disorder is nearly universal in dialysis-dependent patients, complicating diagnosis and treatment of skeletal fragility. Objective To examine the incidence and comparative risk of severe hypocalcemia with denosumab compared with oral bisphosphonates among dialysis-dependent patients treated for osteoporosis. Design, Setting, and Participants Retrospective cohort study of female dialysis-dependent Medicare patients aged 65 years or older who initiated treatment with denosumab or oral bisphosphonates from 2013 to 2020. Clinical performance measures including monthly serum calcium were obtained through linkage to the Consolidated Renal Operations in a Web-Enabled Network database. Exposures Denosumab, 60 mg, or oral bisphosphonates. Main Outcomes and Measures Severe hypocalcemia was defined as total albumin-corrected serum calcium below 7.5 mg/dL (1.88 mmol/L) or a primary hospital or emergency department hypocalcemia diagnosis (emergent care). Very severe hypocalcemia (serum calcium below 6.5 mg/dL [1.63 mmol/L] or emergent care) was also assessed. Inverse probability of treatment-weighted cumulative incidence, weighted risk differences, and weighted risk ratios were calculated during the first 12 treatment weeks. Results In the unweighted cohorts, 607 of 1523 denosumab-treated patients and 23 of 1281 oral bisphosphonate–treated patients developed severe hypocalcemia. The 12-week weighted cumulative incidence of severe hypocalcemia was 41.1% with denosumab vs 2.0% with oral bisphosphonates (weighted risk difference, 39.1% [95% CI, 36.3%-41.9%]; weighted risk ratio, 20.7 [95% CI, 13.2-41.2]). The 12-week weighted cumulative incidence of very severe hypocalcemia was also increased with denosumab (10.9%) vs oral bisphosphonates (0.4%) (weighted risk difference, 10.5% [95% CI, 8.8%-12.0%]; weighted risk ratio, 26.4 [95% CI, 9.7-449.5]). Conclusions and Relevance Denosumab was associated with a markedly higher incidence of severe and very severe hypocalcemia in female dialysis-dependent patients aged 65 years or older compared with oral bisphosphonates. Given the complexity of diagnosing the underlying bone pathophysiology in dialysis-dependent patients, the high risk posed by denosumab in this population, and the complex strategies required to monitor and treat severe hypocalcemia, denosumab should be administered after careful patient selection and with plans for frequent monitoring.
A State-of-the-Science Review of Alcoholic Beverages and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Authors: Liam King, Rebekah Aplin, Chris Gill, Timothy Naimi
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2024)

The association between alcohol and certain cancers is well established, yet beyond ethanol and its metabolite acetaldehyde, little is known about the presence of other carcinogenic compounds in alcoholic beverages, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), such as benzo[a]pyrene (a Group I carcinogen).