tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Neuromorphic Floating-gate Memory Based on 2D Materials
Authors: Chao Hu, Lijuan Liang, Jinran Yu, Liuqi Cheng, Nianjie Zhang, Yifei Wang, Yichen Wei, Yixuan Fu, Zhong Lin Wang, Qijun Sun
Journal: Cyborg and Bionic Systems (2025)

In recent years, the rapid progression of artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things has led to a significant increase in the demand for advanced computing capabilities and more robust data storage solutions. In light of these challenges, neuromorphic computing, inspired by human brain's architecture and operation principle, has surfaced as a promising answer to the growing technological demands. This novel methodology emulates the biological synaptic mechanisms for information processing, enabling efficient data transmission and computation at the identical position. Two-dimensional (2D) materials, distinguished by their atomic thickness and tunable physical properties, exhibit substantial potential in emulating synaptic plasticity and find broad applications in neuromorphic computing. With respect to device architecture, memory devices based on floating-gate (FG) structures demonstrate robust data retention capabilities and have been widely used in the realm of flash memory. This review begins with a succinct introduction to 2D materials and FG transistors, followed by an in-depth discussion on remarkable research progress in the integration of 2D materials with FG transistors for applications in neuromorphic computing and memory. This paper offers a thorough review of the existing research landscape, encapsulating the notable progress in swiftly expanding field. In conclusion, it addresses the constraints encountered by FG transistors using 2D materials and delineates potential future trajectories for investigation and innovation within this area.
Inhalable neutrophil-mimicking nanoparticles for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease treatment
Authors: Qifan Yu, Qiang Zhang, Jiafei Zhu, Feng Pan, Han Zhang, Linfu Chen, Jingjing Shen, Yanbin Liu, Zhaoxin Ji, Yuming Zhu, Qian Chen, Yang Yang
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2025)
Pyruvate metabolism enzyme DLAT promotes tumorigenesis by suppressing leucine catabolism
Authors: Ning Wang, Sijia Lu, Ziyi Cao, Huimin Li, Junting Xu, Qian Zhou, Hanrui Yin, Qiqi Qian, Xianjing Zhang, Mijia Tao, Quanxin Jiang, Peihui Zhou, Liaoyuan Zheng, Liu Han, Hongtao Li, Limin Yin, Yunqing Gu, Xuefeng Dou, Haipeng Sun, Wei Wang, Hai-Long Piao, Fuming Li, Yingjie Xu, Weiwei Yang, Suzhen Chen, Junli Liu
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2025)

Pyruvate and branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism are pivotal pathways in tumor progression, yet the intricate interplay between them and its implications for tumor progression remain elusive. Our research reveals that dihydrolipoamide S-acetyltransferase (DLAT), a pyruvate metabolism enzyme, promotes leucine accumulation and sustains mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex activation in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Mechanistically, DLAT directly acetylates the K109 residue of AU RNA-binding methylglutaconyl-coenzyme A (CoA) hydratase (AUH), a critical enzyme in leucine catabolism, inhibiting its activity and leading to leucine accumulation. Notably, DLAT upregulation correlates with poor prognosis in patients with HCC. Therefore, we developed an AUHK109R-mRNA lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) therapeutic strategy, which effectively inhibits tumor growth by restoring leucine catabolism and inhibiting mTOR activation in vivo. In summary, our findings uncover DLAT's unexpected role as an acetyltransferase for AUH, suppressing leucine catabolism. Restoring leucine catabolism with AUHK109R-mRNA LNP effectively inhibits HCC development, highlighting a novel direction for cancer research.
Law Enforcement Drug Seizures and Opioid-Involved Overdose Mortality
Authors: Alex H. Kral, Jamie L. Humphrey, Clyde Schwab, Barrot H. Lambdin, Bradley Ray
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2025)

Importance Opioid-involved overdose mortality has been on the rise for 2 decades in the US, exacerbated by an unregulated drug supply that is unpredictable and has increasingly contained highly potent fentanyl analogs starting a decade ago. Objective To determine whether there is a geospatial association between law enforcement drug seizures and opioid-involved overdose mortality in San Francisco. Design, Setting, and Participants This cross-sectional study used location- and time-stamped overdose mortality data from the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner and publicly available crime data from the San Francisco Police Department between 2020 and 2023 to assess whether location and time of law enforcement drug seizures were associated with subsequent opioid-involved overdose mortality. Data were analyzed from January 2020 to September 2023. Exposures Time-stamped locations of law enforcement drug seizures involving a drug distribution charge. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcomes were the time and location of (1) overdose mortality involving any opioid and (2) overdose mortality involving fentanyl or any fentanyl analog. The relative risk (RR) and 95% CIs for endemic and epidemic factors were calculated. Results There were 2653 drug seizure crime events that involved any drug distribution charge and 1833 overdose deaths that tested positive for any opioid or synthetic opioid, including heroin and fentanyl analogs. Within the surrounding 100 meters, law enforcement drug seizures were associated with increase risk of fatal opioid-involved overdoses the day following the drug seizure event (RR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.06-2.83; P = .03) and elevated risk persisted for 7 days (2 days: RR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.09-2.21; P = .02; 3 days: RR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.08-1.93; P = .01; 7 days: RR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.11-1.46; P = .001). Similar statistically significant spatiotemporal patterns were observed in the 250- and 500-meter spatial bandwidths. Within each space-time kernel, the strength of the association, all of which were statistically significant, dissipated the further away in time and distance from the law enforcement drug seizure event. Conclusions and Relevance The findings of this cross-sectional study suggest that the enforcement of drug distribution laws to increase public safety for residents in San Francisco may be having an unintended negative consequence of increasing opioid overdose mortality. To reduce overdose mortality, it may be better to focus on evidence-based health policies and interventions.
Ketamine rescues anhedonia by cell-type- and input-specific adaptations in the nucleus accumbens
Authors: Federica Lucantonio, Jacob Roeglin, Shuwen Li, Jaden Lu, Aleesha Shi, Katherine Czerpaniak, Francesca R Fiocchi, Leonardo Bontempi, Brenda C Shields, Carlos A Zarate, Michael R Tadross, Marco Pignatelli
Journal: Neuron (2025)
Treatment Maneuvers in Cupulolithiasis of the Posterior Canal Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo
Authors: Eun Hye Oh, Jae-Hwan Choi, Hyun Sung Kim, Seo Young Choi, Hyun Ah Kim, Hyung Lee, In Soo Moon, Ji-Yun Park, Byeol-A Yoon, Sang Ho Kim, Jeong-Yeon Kim, Hyo Jung Kim, Kwang-Dong Choi
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2025)

Importance Head-shaking and mastoid oscillation maneuvers effectively treat cupulolithiasis of horizontal canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. However, to date there are no validated treatments for cupulolithiasis of posterior canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (PC-BPPV-cu). Objective To determine the immediate and short-term therapeutic efficacy of head-shaking and mastoid oscillation maneuvers in PC-BPPV-cu. Design, Setting, and Participants This double-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted at 6 referral-based university hospitals in South Korea between November 1, 2019, and April 30, 2023. The inclusion criteria consisted of (1) repetitive episodes of positional vertigo or dizziness; (2) positional nystagmus beating torsionally with the upper pole of the eye to the lower ear and vertically upward (to the forehead) and lasting longer than 1 minute, which was evoked by Dix-Hallpike or half Dix-Hallpike maneuver; and (3) absence of accompanying neurologic symptoms or signs suggesting central nervous system disorders. Patients were excluded who declined to participate or had cervical spine problems, multicanal BPPV, or cognitive dysfunction. Interventions Patients were randomly assigned to the head-shaking, mastoid oscillation, or sham maneuver groups. After a maximum of 2 trials of each maneuver, therapeutic response was assessed within 30 minutes and the following day. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was the short-term resolution rate of positional vertigo and nystagmus the following day. The secondary outcome was the immediate efficacy of 2 trials of each maneuver within 30 minutes. Results A total of 159 patients were included in the analysis (108 [67.9%] women; mean [SD] age, 65.4 [10.5] years). Fifty-three participants were randomized to the head-shaking group (mean [SD] age, 64.0 [11.2] years; 33 [62.3%] women), 53 to the mastoid oscillation group (mean [SD], age, 66.5 [11.1] years; 41 [77.4%] women), and 53 to the control group (mean [SD] age, 65.6 [9.2] years; 34 [64.2%] women). A total of 142 patients (89.3%) completed the assessment the following day. In the intention-to-treat analysis, 20 patients in the head-shaking group (37.7%), 14 in the mastoid oscillation group (26.4%), and 7 in the control group (13.2%) showed the resolution of vertigo and nystagmus the following day (χ 2 = 8.40; odds ratio, 2.86; 95% CI, 1.32-6.18; P = .004; α = .0167). For the secondary outcome (the immediate effectiveness of 2 trials of each maneuver compared with sham within 30 minutes), no significant difference was detected (6 of 53 [11.3%] vs 4 of 53 [7.5%] vs 2 of 53 [3.8%]; P = .34; α = .05). Conclusions and Relevance In this randomized clinical trial, the head-shaking maneuver was effective in the treatment of PC-BPPV-cu. Trial Registration CRIS clinical trial registration: KCT0004756
Closing Gaps in Diabetic Retinopathy Screening in India Using a Deep Learning System
Authors: Sally S. Ong, Jithin Sam Varghese
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2025)

Arthur Brant, MD; Preeti Singh, MS; Xiang Yin, PhD; Lu Yang, BS; Jay Nayar, MS; Divleen Jeji, MBBS, MBA; Yossi Matias, PhD; Greg S. Corrado, PhD; Dale R. Webster, PhD; Sunny Virmani, MS; Anchintha Meenu, MS, DNB; Naresh Babu Kannan, MS, MBA; Jonathan Krause, PhD; Florence Thng, MS; Lily Peng, MD, PhD; Yun Liu, PhD; Kasumi Widner, MS; Kim Ramasamy, MD
Practical microenvironment classification in diffuse large B cell lymphoma using digital pathology
Authors: Yu-Qing Wang, Shuo Wang, Hong-Mei Yi, Ying Qian, Yue Wang, Hai-Min Xu, Zijun Y Xu-Monette, Kelly Au, Shuang Tian, Yan Dong, Jing Zhao, Di Fu, Rong-Ji Mu, Shu-Ye Wang, Li Wang, Ken H Young, Peng-Peng Xu, Wei-Li Zhao
Journal: Cell Reports Medicine (2025)
Sleep Interruptions Among Older Adults Admitted to the Hospital
Authors: Adrian D. Haimovich, Suzanne M. Bertisch, Venkat Jegadeesan, Jennifer P. Stevens, Mara A. Schonberg, Sarah D. Berry
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2025)

This cohort study examined the length of uninterrupted sleep and types of sleep interruptions in older adults admitted to the hospital through the emergency department.
Beyond Joint Pain – Expanding Insights on the Impact of Nonarticular Pain in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Yumei Zhong, Rui Lai, Xinmin Deng
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2025)

Disclosure Form Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
A Randomized Trial of Automated Insulin Delivery in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Yogish C. Kudva, Dan Raghinaru, John W. Lum, Timothy E. Graham, David Liljenquist, Elias K. Spanakis, Francisco J. Pasquel, Andrew Ahmann, David T. Ahn, Grazia Aleppo, Thomas Blevins, Davida Kruger, Sue A. Brown, Carol J. Levy, Ruth S. Weinstock, Devin W. Steenkamp, Tamara Spaic, Irl B. Hirsch, Frances Broyles, Michael R. Rickels, Michael A. Tsoukas, Philip Raskin, Betul Hatipoglu, Donna Desjardins, Adrienne N. Terry, Lakshmi G. Singh, Georgia M. Davis, Caleb Schmid, Jelena Kravarusic, Kasey Coyne, Luis Casaubon, Valerie Espinosa, Jaye K. Jones, Kathleen Estrada, Samina Afreen, Camilla Levister, Grenye O’Malley, Selina L. Liu, Sheryl Marks, Amy J. Peleckis, Melissa-Rosina Pasqua, Vanessa Tardio, Corey Kurek, Ryan D. Luker, Jade Churchill, Farbod Z. Tajrishi, Ariel Dean, Brittany Dennis, Evelyn Fronczyk, Jennifer Perez, Shereen Mukhashen, Jasmeen Dhillon, Aslihan Ipek, Suzan Bzdick, Astrid Atakov Castillo, Marsha Driscoll, Xenia Averkiou, Cornelia V. Dalton–Bakes, Adelyn Moore, Lin F. Jordan, Amanda Lesniak, Jordan E. Pinsker, Ravid Sasson-Katchalski, Tiffany Campos, Charles Spanbauer, Lauren Kanapka, Craig Kollman, Roy W. Beck
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2025)

Automated insulin delivery (AID) systems have been shown to be beneficial for patients with type 1 diabetes, but data are needed from randomized, controlled trials regarding their role in the management of insulin-treated type 2 diabetes. In this 13-week, multicenter trial, adults with insulin-treated type 2 diabetes were randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to receive AID or to continue their pretrial insulin-delivery method (control group); both groups received continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). The primary outcome was the glycated hemoglobin level at 13 weeks. A total of 319 patients underwent randomization. Glycated hemoglobin levels decreased by 0.9 percentage points (from 8.2±1.4% at baseline to 7.3±0.9% at week 13) in the AID group and by 0.3 percentage points (from 8.1±1.2% to 7.7±1.1%) in the control group (mean adjusted difference, -0.6 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.8 to -0.4; P<0.001). The mean percentage of time that patients were in the target glucose range of 70 to 180 mg per deciliter increased from 48±24% to 64±16% in the AID group and from 51±21% to 52±21% in the control group (mean difference, 14 percentage points; 95% CI, 11 to 17; P<0.001). All other multiplicity-controlled CGM outcomes reflective of hyperglycemia that were measured were significantly better in the AID group than in the control group. The frequency of CGM-measured hypoglycemia was low in both groups. A severe hypoglycemia event occurred in one patient in the AID group. In this 13-week, randomized, controlled trial involving adults with insulin-treated type 2 diabetes, AID was associated with a greater reduction in glycated hemoglobin levels than CGM alone. (Funded by Tandem Diabetes Care; 2IQP ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT05785832.).
Clinical Staging for Psychiatry and Psychology
Authors: Dominic Dwyer, Rochelle Ruby Ye, Barnaby Nelson, Pat McGorry
Journal: Annual Review of Clinical Psychology (2025)

A global mental health crisis is threatening a generation of young people with a lifetime of symptoms that do not fit neatly into diagnostic systems. Optimal decisions regarding treatments, services, research, and policies are critically needed, yet such decisions are based on idiosyncratic categorization of clinical courses. This review suggests clinical staging approaches may unite mental health stakeholders around shared targets to reduce mental illness. It first presents key approaches to clinical staging and then outlines how clinical knowledge has been translated into a unified transdiagnostic staging heuristic and clinical service structure over the past 30 years. Directions for short-, medium-, and long-term action are recommended with global community engagement. With investment from the mental health community, staging could reduce suffering through the use of an ethical, organized, and targeted system of communication.
RECLASSIFICATION OF ATM MISSENSE VARIANTS OF UNCERTAIN SIGNIFICANCE BY INTEGRATING RESULTS FROM SYSTEMATIC FUNCTIONAL ASSAYS INTO AN ACMG POINTS-BASED FRAMEWORK
Authors: Helmut Hanenberg, Fan Zhang, Nikita Malev, Constanze Wiek, Brett G. Klamer, Nicolas Nassar, Tyler Hesselbrock, Judith H. Hanenberg, Amber M. Aeilts, Julia Hentschel, Ulrike Faust, Andrea Gehrig, Christoph Engel, Jan Hauke, Dieter Niederacher, Amanda E. Toland, Paul R. Andreassen
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2025)

Abstract Purpose: ATM is a moderate-risk cancer susceptibility gene which harbors thousands of missense variants of uncertain significance (VUS) that limit the power of clinical genetic testing for cancer risk management and personalized medicine. Functional tests provide a valuable basis for testing the impact of variants but have been lacking for ATM. Experimental Design: We developed a systematic approach to functionally characterize missense ATM variants, based on correction of various DNA damage-related phenotypes, via re-expression of ATM in either of two ATM-deficient human cell lines. Results: A pKAP1 phospho-flow assay for ATM VUS observed in hereditary cancer patients was calibrated using 48 benign and pathogenic controls, achieving 100% specificity and 97% sensitivity. This system distinguished 82 of 88 (93%) missense ATM VUS of the FATKIN region as functionally neutral or deleterious. Importantly, for clinical classification of VUS, functional results were incorporated into an American College of Medical Genetics (ACMG) points-based framework, also considering conservation and properties of amino acids/substitutions, along with genetic data; 79 of 88 (90%) were thereby reclassified as benign/likely benign or pathogenic/likely pathogenic. As additional validation of our approach, clinical characteristics from a database of 1,134 breast cancer patients were distinct for carriers of neutral vs deleterious ATM variants. Also, utilizing our functional results we identified hotspots for deleterious VUS and controls at amino acids 2702-2730 and 2891-2951 of ATM. Conclusions: We have established functional assays as a reliable tool that will better interpret the clinical impact of ATM variants and guide improved cancer prevention measures for carriers.
A phase 1 study of nilotinib in combination with paclitaxel in patients with advanced solid tumors
Authors: Sarah J. Shin, Geraldine O'Sullivan Coyne, Shivaani Kummar, Sarah B. Miller, Barry C. Johnson, Larry Anderson, Larry Rubinstein, Brandon Miller, Deborah F. Wilsker, Katherine V. Ferry-Galow, Richard Piekarz, Jennifer Zlott, Murielle Hogu, Lamin Juwara, Julia Krushkal, Mariam Konaté, Alida Palmisano, Yingdong Zhao, Jerry Collins, Ralph E. Parchment, James H. Doroshow, Alice P. Chen
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2025)

Abstract Purpose: We assessed the safety, maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D), efficacy, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamics of the nilotinib-paclitaxel combination in 44 patients with solid tumors. Patients and Methods: Paclitaxel was administered intravenously (days 1, 8, and 15) and nilotinib was administered twice daily orally beginning on cycle 1 day 2 (C1D2, escalation) or C1D3 (expansion) in 28-day cycles using a 3+3 dose escalation design. Pharmacodynamic biomarkers of drug action were assessed in paired tumor biopsies and circulating tumor cells (CTCs) at the RP2D. Results: The RP2D was 300 mg nilotinib twice daily with 80 mg/m2 paclitaxel. Grade 4 (Gr4) neutropenia and Gr3 rash, photosensitivity, and transaminase elevation were dose-limiting. The most common Gr3-4 toxicities were hematological and hypophosphatemia; 1 patient (2%) experienced Gr3 peripheral neuropathy. Three patients (2 with adult ovarian granulosa cell tumors [AOGCT] and 1 with endometrial carcinoma) had confirmed partial responses (cPR); the patients with AOGCT remained on study for 5 and 6+ years and mesenchymal-like CTCs were measured prior to progression or during treatment holiday (patients 12 and 10, respectively). Conclusions: This study determined the MTD of this combination, demonstrated sustained cPRs in patients with AOGCT, and profiled molecular pharmacodynamic responses that will inform further mechanism of action studies. The rate of peripheral neuropathy suggests enhanced tolerability of this combination.
Naturalistic psychedelic experiences and gender-based self-acceptance in transgender and gender-expansive people
Authors: Skylar J. Gaughan, Angie R. Wootton, Daphne Krantz, Alan K. Davis, Jennifer E. James, Rocco Rinaldi-Rose, Rafaelle Lancelotta, Jae M. Sevelius
Journal: International Journal of Transgender Health (2025)
The ATP-Binding Cassette Gene ABCF1 Functions as an E2 Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzyme Controlling Macrophage Polarization to Dampen Lethal Septic Shock
Authors: Hitesh Arora, Sara Morgan Wilcox, Laura Alexandra Johnson, Lonna Munro, Brett Alexander Eyford, Cheryl Gurine Pfeifer, Ian Welch, Wilfred Arthur Jefferies
Journal: Immunity (2025)
Examining human-AI interaction in real-world healthcare beyond the laboratory
Authors: Magdalena Katharina Wekenborg, Stephen Gilbert, Jakob Nikolas Kather
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2025)

Abstract Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing healthcare, but its true impact depends on seamless human interaction. While most research focuses on technical metrics, we lack frameworks to measure the compatibility or synergy of real-world human-AI interactions in healthcare settings. We propose a multimodal toolkit combining ecological momentary assessment, quantitative observations, and baseline measurements to optimize AI implementation.
Use of posttraumatic stress disorder to support an insanity defense
Authors: Paul S. Appelbaum, Rose Zoltek Jick, Thomas Grisso, Daniel Givelber, Eric Silver, Henry J. Steadman
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1993)

The authors examine the allegation that the diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is frequently abused in the legal system as the basis for a defense of not guilty by reason of insanity.Data for the investigation were drawn from a study of insanity pleas gathered from court records in 49 counties in eight states. Data on the 28 insanity plea defendants for whom PTSD was diagnosed before or immediately after trial were compared with data on 8,135 defendants whose insanity pleas were based on other diagnoses.Insanity pleas by defendants with diagnoses of PTSD constituted only 0.3% of the cases. There were few significant differences between the two groups on demographic variables, psychiatric histories, previous involvement in crime, or current charges. The defendants with PTSD were more likely to have been married, less likely to have been arrested as juveniles, and less likely to have been detained after trial.Contrary to previously expressed concerns, PTSD was infrequently associated with an insanity defense in the cases in this study. In the cases in which pleas based on PTSD were used, they were no more likely to succeed than pleas based on any other diagnosis. Defendants with PTSD-related insanity defenses differed little from other insanity defendants, contradicting the stereotype of the person who is driven by PTSD to commit crimes. The data do not support fears of widespread misuse of the diagnosis of PTSD in connection with the insanity defense.
Palmitoylation of GPX4 via the targetable ZDHHC8 determines ferroptosis sensitivity and antitumor immunity
Authors: Liang Zhou, Guangyu Lian, Tao Zhou, Zhe Cai, Shuai Yang, Weining Li, Lilin Cheng, Ying Ye, Mingfeng He, Jianru Lu, Qifeng Deng, Bihui Huang, Xiaoqian Zhou, Desheng Lu, Feng Zhi, Jun Cui
Journal: Nature Cancer (2025)
Navigating the path forward for evidence-based management of long COVID
Authors: Joseph J. Breen, Robert W. Eisinger, Sarah W. Read, John Beigel, Tara N. Palmore, H. Clifford Lane, Joseph P. Menetski, Stacey J. Adam, Elizabeth Geerling, Emma Roy, Julie Gerberding, Jeanne M. Marrazzo
Journal: Nature Immunology (2025)
The Case | Recurring acute kidney injury following iliac arteriovenous fistula
Authors: Hiroki Ito, Katsuya Ishiyama, Fumiya Sato, Risa Ishikawa, Akari Endo, Shigemitsu Sato, Go Anan, Takuo Hirose, Ikuko Oba-Yabana, Tomoyoshi Kimura, Takuya Shimizu, Takefumi Mori
Journal: Kidney International (2025)