tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal analysis of the gut microbiome in adolescent patients with anorexia nervosa: microbiome-related factors associated with clinical outcome
Authors: Nadia Andrea Andreani, Arunabh Sharma, Brigitte Dahmen, Hannah E. Specht, Nina Mannig, Vanessa Ruan, Lara Keller, John F. Baines, Beate Herpertz-Dahlmann, Astrid Dempfle, Jochen Seitz
Journal: Gut Microbes (2024)

There is mounting evidence regarding the role of gut microbiota in anorexia nervosa (AN). Previous studies have reported that patients with AN show dysbiosis compared to healthy controls (HCs); however, the underlying mechanisms are unclear, and data on influencing factors and longitudinal course of microbiome changes are scarce. Here, we present longitudinal data of 57 adolescent inpatients diagnosed with AN at up to nine time points (including a 1-year follow-up examination) and compare these to up to six time points in 34 HCs. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to investigate the microbiome composition of fecal samples, and data on food intake, weight change, hormonal recovery (leptin levels), and clinical outcomes were recorded. Differences in microbiome composition compared to HCs were greatest during acute starvation and in the low-weight group, while diminishing with weight gain and especially weight recovery at the 1-year follow-up. Illness duration and prior weight loss were strongly associated with microbiome composition at hospital admission, whereas microbial changes during treatment were associated with kilocalories consumed, weight gain, and hormonal recovery. The microbiome at admission was prognostic for hospital readmission, and a higher abundance of Sutterella was associated with a higher body weight at the 1-year follow-up. Identifying these clinically important factors further underlines the potential relevance of gut microbial changes and may help elucidate the underlying pathophysiology of gut-brain interactions in AN. The characterization of prognostically relevant taxa could be useful to stratify patients at admission and to potentially identify candidate taxa for future supplementation studies aimed at improving AN treatment.
Gender-affirming mastectomy in transmasculine individuals in The Netherlands: a large cohort study on outcomes and trends
Authors: Wouter B. van der Sluis, Lian Elfering, Philippine Roijer, Naomi M. van Hout, Tim Schäfer, Marlon E. Buncamper, Matthijs Botman, Kristin B. de Haseth, Müjde Özer, Jan Maerten Smit, Mark-Bram Bouman
Journal: International Journal of Transgender Health (2024)

Introduction: Gender-affirming mastectomy is frequently performed in transmasculine individuals. The aim of this study is to describe surgical and demographic trends and outcomes in a large group of individuals undergoing this procedure.
Associations of the Gut Microbiome With Treatment Resistance in Schizophrenia
Authors: Svetlina S. Vasileva, Yuanhao Yang, Andrea Baker, Dan Siskind, Jacob Gratten, Darryl Eyles
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2024)

There is growing interest in the role of gut microbiome composition in schizophrenia. However, lifestyle factors are often neglected, and few studies have investigated microbiome composition in treatment-resistant schizophrenia.
Antidepressant Use and Manic Episodes in Children and Adolescents With Unipolar Depression—Reply
Authors: Suvi Virtanen, Mikael Landén, Zheng Chang
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2024)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Machine Learning Algorithms Failed to Find Depression Biomarker
Authors: Emily Harris
Journal: JAMA (2024)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Worldwide Prevalence and Disability From Mental Disorders Across Childhood and Adolescence
Authors: Christian Kieling, Claudia Buchweitz, Arthur Caye, Juliana Silvani, Stephanie H. Ameis, André R. Brunoni, Katherine T. Cost, Darren B. Courtney, Katholiki Georgiades, Kathleen Ries Merikangas, Joanna L. Henderson, Guilherme V. Polanczyk, Luis Augusto Rohde, Giovanni A. Salum, Peter Szatmari
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2024)

The period from childhood to early adulthood involves increased susceptibility to the onset of mental disorders, with implications for policy making that may be better appreciated by disaggregated analyses of narrow age groups.
Author Correction: The IDEAL framework for surgical robotics: development, comparative evaluation and long-term monitoring
Authors: Hani J. Marcus, Pedro T. Ramirez, Danyal Z. Khan, Hugo Layard Horsfall, John G. Hanrahan, Simon C. Williams, David J. Beard, Rani Bhat, Ken Catchpole, Andrew Cook, Katrina Hutchison, Janet Martin, Tom Melvin, Danail Stoyanov, Maroeska Rovers, Nicholas Raison, Prokar Dasgupta, David Noonan, Deborah Stocken, Georgia Sturt, Anne Vanhoestenberghe, Baptiste Vasey, Peter McCulloch, Aswin Chari, Fanny Ficuciello, Effy Vayena, Christopher Baber, Marco Zenati, Alan Kuntz, Karen Kerr, Nigel Horwood, Katherine Anderon, Ka-Wai Kwok, Rich Mahoney, Bill Peine, Ferdinando Rodriquez Y. Baena, Pietro Valdastri, Richard Leparmentier, Len Evans, Rebecca Langley, Garnette Sutherland, Sanju Lama, Naeem Soomro, Justin Collins, Mario M. Leitao, James Kinross, Alvin Goh, Bernard Park, Matthias Weigl, Rebecca Randell, Steven Yule, Duncan McPherson, Laura Pickup, Richard Skipworth, Jennifer Anger, Denny Yu, Lora Cavuoto, Ann Bisantz, Tara Cohen, Mirre Scholte, Guy Maddern, Laura Sampietro-Colom, Alane Clark, Tammy J. Clifford, Belen Corbacho, Cynthia Iglesias, Janneke Grutters, Katrina Hutchinson, Lesley Booth, Heather Draper, Len Evans, Sarah Goering, Alexander A. Kon, Rebecca Langley, Rob Sparrow, Kamran Ahmed, Deena Harji, Teodor Grantcharov, Lars Konge, Art Sedrakyan, Joel Horowitz, Arsenio Paez
Journal: Nature Medicine (2024)
Epigenetic programming mediates abnormal gut microbiota and disease susceptibility in offspring with prenatal dexamethasone exposure
Authors: Xiaoqian Lu, Beidi Chen, Dan Xu, Wen Hu, Xia Wang, Yongguo Dai, Qian Wang, Yu Peng, Kaiqi Chen, Dongchi Zhao, Hui Wang
Journal: Cell Reports Medicine (2024)

Prenatal dexamethasone exposure (PDE) can lead to increased susceptibility to various diseases in adult offspring, but its effect on gut microbiota composition and the relationship with disease susceptibility remains unclear. In this study, we find sex-differential changes in the gut microbiota of 6-month-old infants with prenatal dexamethasone therapy (PDT) that persisted in female infants up to 2.5 years of age with altered bile acid metabolism. PDE female offspring rats show abnormal colonization and composition of gut microbiota and increased susceptibility to cholestatic liver injury. The aberrant gut microbiota colonization in the PDE offspring can be attributed to the inhibited Muc2 expression caused by decreased CDX2 expression before and after birth. Integrating animal and cell experiments, we further confirm that dexamethasone could inhibit Muc2 expression by activating GR/HDAC11 signaling and regulating CDX2 epigenetic modification. This study interprets abnormal gut microbiota and disease susceptibility in PDT offspring from intrauterine intestinal dysplasia.
The Extracellular Niche and Tumor Microenvironment Enhance KRAS Inhibitor Efficacy in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Vishnu Kumarasamy, Jianxin Wang, Costakis Frangou, Yin Wan, Andrew Dynka, Hanna Rosenheck, Prasenjit Dey, Ethan V. Abel, Erik S. Knudsen, Agnieszka K. Witkiewicz
Journal: Cancer Research (2024)

Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive disease that lacks effective treatment options, highlighting the need for developing new therapeutic interventions. Here, we assessed the response to pharmacologic inhibition of KRAS, the central oncogenic driver of PDAC. In a panel of PDAC cell lines, inhibition of KRASG12D with MRTX1133 yielded variable efficacy in suppressing cell growth and downstream gene expression programs in 2D cultures. On the basis of CRISPR-Cas9 loss-of-function screens, ITGB1 was identified as a target to enhance the therapeutic response to MRTX1133 by regulating mechanotransduction signaling and YAP/TAZ expression, which was confirmed by gene-specific knockdown and combinatorial drug synergy. Interestingly, MRTX1133 was considerably more efficacious in 3D cell cultures. Moreover, MRTX1133 elicited a pronounced cytostatic effect in vivo and controlled tumor growth in PDAC patient-derived xenografts. In syngeneic models, KRASG12D inhibition led to tumor regression that did not occur in immune-deficient hosts. Digital spatial profiling on tumor tissues indicated that MRTX1133-mediated KRAS inhibition enhanced IFNγ signaling and induced antigen presentation that modulated the tumor microenvironment. Further investigation of the immunologic response using single-cell sequencing and multispectral imaging revealed that tumor regression was associated with suppression of neutrophils and influx of effector CD8+ T cells. Together, these findings demonstrate that both tumor cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic events contribute to response to MRTX1133 and credential KRASG12D inhibition as a promising therapeutic strategy for a large percentage of patients with PDAC. Significance: Pharmacologic inhibition of KRAS elicits varied responses in pancreatic cancer 2D cell lines, 3D organoid cultures, and xenografts, underscoring the importance of mechanotransduction and the tumor microenvironment in regulating therapeutic responses.
The Association between Long-Term DDT or DDE Exposures and an Altered Sperm Epigenome—a Cross-Sectional Study of Greenlandic Inuit and South African VhaVenda Men
Authors: Ariane Lismer, Xiaojian Shao, Marie-Charlotte Dumargne, Christine Lafleur, Romain Lambrot, Donovan Chan, Gunnar Toft, Jens Peter Bonde, Amanda J. MacFarlane, Riana Bornman, Natalie Aneck-Hahn, Sean Patrick, Janice M. Bailey, Christiaan de Jager, Vanessa Dumeaux, Jacquetta M. Trasler, Sarah Kimmins
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2024)

The organochlorine dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) is banned worldwide owing to its negative health effects. It is exceptionally used as an insecticide for malaria control. Exposure occurs in regions where DDT is applied, as well as in the Arctic, where its endocrine disrupting metabolite, p,p′-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p′-DDE) accumulates in marine mammals and fish. DDT and p,p′-DDE exposures are linked to birth defects, infertility, cancer, and neurodevelopmental delays. Of particular concern is the potential of DDT use to impact the health of generations to come via the heritable sperm epigenome.
A Cellulose/Chitosan Dual Cross‐Linked Multifunctional and Resilient Hydrogel for Emergent Open Wound Management
Authors: Shengchang Lu, Hui Wu, Shengbo Ge, Liulian Huang, Lihui Chen, Chris Connor, Zhanhu Guo, Yunhong Jiang, Ben Bin Xu, Wanxi Peng
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Adhesive hydrogel holds huge potential in biomedical applications, such as hemostasis and emergent wound management during outpatient treatment or surgery. However, most adhesive hydrogels underperform to offer robust adhesions on the wet tissue, increasing the risk of hemorrhage and reducing the fault tolerance of surgery. To address this issue, this work develops a polysaccharide-based bioadhesive hydrogel tape (ACAN) consisting of dual cross-linking of allyl cellulose (AC) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS). The hygroscopicity of AC and CMCS networks enables ACAN to remove interfacial water from the tissue surface and initializes a physical cross-link instantly. Subsequently, covalent cross-links are developed with amine moieties to sustain long-term and robust adhesion. The dual cross-linked ACAN also has good cytocompatibility with controllable mechanical properties matching to the tissue, where the addition of CMCS provides remarkable antibacterial properties and hemostatic capability. Moreover, compared with commercially available 3 M film, ACAN provides an ultrafast wound healing on tissue. The ACAN hybrid hydrogels have advantages such as biocompatibility and antibacterial, hemostatic, and wound healing properties, shedding new light on first-aid tape design and advancing the cellulose-based materials technology for high-performance biomedical applications.
Age-dependent genes in adipose stem and precursor cells affect regulation of fat cell differentiation and link aging to obesity via cellular and genetic interactions
Authors: Asha Kar, Marcus Alvarez, Kristina M. Garske, Huiling Huang, Seung Hyuk T. Lee, Milena Deal, Sankha Subhra Das, Amogha Koka, Zoeb Jamal, Karen L. Mohlke, Markku Laakso, Sini Heinonen, Kirsi H. Pietiläinen, Päivi Pajukanta
Journal: Genome Medicine (2024)

Age and obesity are dominant risk factors for several common cardiometabolic disorders, and both are known to impair adipose tissue function. However, the underlying cellular and genetic factors linking aging and obesity on adipose tissue function have remained elusive. Adipose stem and precursor cells (ASPCs) are an understudied, yet crucial adipose cell type due to their deterministic adipocyte differentiation potential, which impacts the capacity to store fat in a metabolically healthy manner. We integrated subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) bulk (n=435) and large single-nucleus RNA sequencing (n=105) data with the UK Biobank (UKB) (n=391,701) data to study age-obesity interactions originating from ASPCs by performing cell-type decomposition, differential expression testing, cell-cell communication analyses, and construction of polygenic risk scores for body mass index (BMI). We found that the SAT ASPC proportions significantly decrease with age in an obesity-dependent way consistently in two independent cohorts, both showing that the age dependency of ASPC proportions is abolished by obesity. We further identified 76 genes (72 SAT ASPC marker genes and 4 transcription factors regulating ASPC marker genes) that are differentially expressed by age in SAT and functionally enriched for developmental processes and adipocyte differentiation (i.e., adipogenesis). The 76 age-perturbed ASPC genes include multiple negative regulators of adipogenesis, such as RORA, SMAD3, TWIST2, and ZNF521, form tight clusters of longitudinally co-expressed genes during human adipogenesis, and show age-based differences in cellular interactions between ASPCs and adipose cell types. Finally, our genetic data demonstrate that cis-regional variants of these genes interact with age as predictors of BMI in an obesity-dependent way in the large UKB, while no such gene-age interaction on BMI is observed with non-age-dependent ASPC marker genes, thus independently confirming our cellular ASPC results at the biobank level. Overall, we discover that obesity prematurely induces a decrease in ASPC proportions and identify 76 developmentally important ASPC genes that implicate altered negative regulation of fat cell differentiation as a mechanism for aging and directly link aging to obesity via significant cellular and genetic interactions.
Neutrophils in sickle cell disease: Exploring their potential role as a therapeutic target
Authors: Lydian A. de Ligt, Aafke E. Gaartman, Bart J. Biemond, Karin Fijnvandraat, Robin van Bruggen, Erfan Nur
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2024)

Factors influencing the activation of neutrophils in SCD and the potential neutrophil-mediated ameliorating effects of therapies in SCD.
Magnesium promotes vascularization and osseointegration in diabetic states
Authors: Linfeng Liu, Feiyu Wang, Wei Song, Danting Zhang, Weimin Lin, Qi Yin, Qian Wang, Hanwen Li, Quan Yuan, Shiwen Zhang
Journal: International Journal of Oral Science (2024)

Diabetes has long been considered a risk factor in implant therapy and impaired wound healing in soft and hard oral tissues. Magnesium has been proved to promote bone healing under normal conditions. Here, we elucidate the mechanism by which Mg
Hepatic Stellate Cell‐Targeting Micelle Nanomedicine for Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Fibrosis
Authors: Lei Wang, Jieying Zhou, Jian Wang, Xiaotang Wang, Haijuan Dong, Lingzhi Zhao, Junchen Wu, Juanjuan Peng
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Diagnosing and treating liver fibrosis is a challenging yet crucial endeavor due to its complex pathogenesis and risk of deteriorating into cirrhosis, liver failure, and even hepatic cancer. Herein, a silica cross-linked micelles (SCLMs) based nano-system is developed for both diagnosing and treating liver fibrosis. The SCLMs are first modified with peptide CTCE9908 (CT-SCLMs) and can actively target CXCR4, which is overexpressed in activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). To enable diagnosis, an ONOO
Highly Resilient Noncovalently Associated Hydrogel Adhesives for Wound Sealing Patch
Authors: Gi‐Yeon Han, Ji‐Yong Park, Jong‐Ho Back, Mo‐Beom Yi, Hyun‐Joong Kim
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

The development of hydrogel adhesives with high mechanical resilience and toughness remains a challenging task. Hydrogels must exhibit high mechanical resilience to withstand the inevitable movement of the human body while simultaneously demonstrating strong wet tissue adhesion and appropriate toughness to hold and seal damaged tissues; However, tissue adhesion, toughness, and mechanical resilience are typically negatively correlated. Therefore, this paper proposes a highly resilient double-network (DN) hydrogel wound-sealing patch that exhibits a well-balanced combination of tissue adhesion, toughness, and mechanical resilience. The DN structure is formed by introducing covalently and non-covalently crosslinkable dopamine-modified crosslinkers and physically interactable linear poly(vinyl imidazole) (PVI). The resulting hydrogel adhesive exhibits high toughness and mechanical resilience due to the presence of a DN involving reversible physical intermolecular interactions such as hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic associations, cation-π interactions, π-π interactions, and chain entanglements. Moreover, the hydrogel adhesive achieves strong wet tissue adhesion through the polar hydroxyl groups of dopamine and the amine group of PVI. These mechanical attributes allow the proposed adhesive to effectively seal damaged tissues and promote wound healing by maintaining a moist environment.
Cell Chirality of Micropatterned Endometrial Microvascular Endothelial Cells
Authors: Samantha G. Zambuto, Ishita Jain, Hannah S. Theriault, Gregory H. Underhill, Brendan A.C. Harley
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Abstract Chirality is an intrinsic cellular property that describes cell polarization biases along the left–right axis, apicobasal axis, or front–rear axes. Cell chirality plays a significant role in the arrangement of organs in the body as well as in the orientation of organelles, cytoskeletons, and cells. Vascular networks within the endometrium, the mucosal inner lining of the uterus, commonly display spiral architectures that rapidly form across the menstrual cycle. Herein, the role of endometrial‐relevant extracellular matrix stiffness, composition, and soluble signals on endometrial endothelial cell chirality is systematically examined using a high‐throughput microarray. Endometrial endothelial cells display marked patterns of chirality as individual cells and as cohorts in response to substrate stiffness and environmental cues. Vascular networks formed from endometrial endothelial cells also display shifts in chirality as a function of exogenous hormones. Changes in cellular‐scale chirality correlate with changes in vascular network parameters, suggesting a critical role for cellular chirality in directing endometrial vessel network organization.
The NHS founding principles are still appropriate today and provide a strong foundation for the future
Authors: Nigel Crisp, JS Bamrah, Jessica Morley, Charlotte Augst, Kiran Patel
Journal: BMJ (2024)

The vision of a comprehensive health service is as relevant today as in the 1940s, but new and different societal challenges require a rethink on how to deliver the NHS as it faces a national health and care emergency