tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 8126: ST-Segment Elevation in Lead aVR Strongly Predicts Adverse Outcomes at 1 Year in Patients with Non-ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Masami Kosuge, Toshiaki Ebina, Kiyoshi Hibi, Noriaki Iwahashi, Nobuhiko Maejima, Mitsuaki Endo, Kengo Tsukahara, Satoshi Morita, Kazuaki Uchino, Toshiyuki Ishikawa, Satoshi Umemura, Kazuo Kimura
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: In patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS), ST-segment depression on admission ECG is recognized to strongly predict poor outcomes; however, lead aVR is not considered. Lead aVR is referred to as a “cavity lead,” and ST-segment elevation in lead aVR (ST↑aVR) may reflect global subendocardial ischemia in NSTE-ACS. Methods: We studied 585 patients with NSTE-ACS who underwent coronary angiography during initial hospitalization. Patients were divided into the 3 groups according to the degree of ST↑aVR on admission ECG: no ST↑aVR (n=422, G-A); ST↑aVR &lt;1.0 mm (n=84, G-B); and ST↑aVR ≥1.0 mm (n=79, G-C). TIMI risk score, summed ST-segment depression in all leads except aVR (ΣST↓), troponin T (TnT), hemoglobin (Hb), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were also measured on admission. Results: There were no differences in sex or coronary risk factors except for diabetes mellitus in the 3 groups. In G-A, G-B, and G-C, age was 66±11, 70±10, and 70±11 years; TIMI risk core was 2.6±1.4, 3.5±1.2, and 4.1±1.2; the rates of diabetes mellitus were 29%, 41%, and 53%; Killip class ≥2 was 5%, 14%, and 28%; positive TnT was 28%, 42%, and 57%; the levels of Hb were 14±2, 13±2, and 13±2 g/dl; hsCRP was 0.329±0.574, 0.540±1.100, and 0.664±1.340 mg/dl; eGFR was 68±25, 62±29, and 58±24 ml/min/1.73 m 2 ; BNP was 157±284, 282±415, and 386±334 pg/ml; ΣST↓ was 1.8±2.4, 6.0±4.0, and 12.3±6.0 mm; the rates of left main or 3-vessel disease were 6%, 42%, and 72%; and major adverse events (death, [re]infarction, urgent revascularization, or congestive heart failure) at 1 year were 11%, 37%, and 46%, respectively (all p&lt;0.01). Multivariate analysis showed that as compared with no ST↑aVR, the hazard ratios (95% CI) for 1-year adverse events associated with ST↑aVR &lt;1.0 mm and ST↑aVR ≥1.0 mm were 2.66 (1.18-5.89; p&lt;0.001) and 4.20 (1.48-10.9; p&lt;0.001), respectively. Conclusions: ST↑aVR on admission ECG is a strong predictor of 1-year adverse outcomes in patients with NSTE-ACS, even after adjusting for traditional risk factors, biomarker profiles, and ST-segment depression in other leads. Our findings suggest the importance of ST↑aVR in early risk stratification.
Abstract 314: Nrf2 Expression Enhances Atherosclerotic Lesion Formation
Authors: Berenice Barajas, Luz D Orozco, Sheetal Shukla, Larry Castellani, Xuping Wang, Aldons J Lusis, Jesus A Araujo
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Nrf2 has been shown to be an important transcription factor that regulates the expression of phase 2 detoxifying and antioxidant genes. Nrf2 expression in vascular cells appear to be a ...
Abstract 5061: Long-Term Treatment with Eicosapentaenoic Acid Suppresses Ischemia-Induced Ventricular Fibrillation: Potential Involvement of ATP-Sensitive Potassium (KATP) Channel
Authors: Ryuji Tsuburaya, Satoshi Yasuda, Yoshitaka Ito, Takashi Shiroto, JunYi Gao, Kenta Ito, Hiroaki Shimokawa
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Although epidemiologic studies demonstrated that eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) reduces sudden cardiac death in patients with coronary artery disease, the mechanisms remain to be examined. It was reported that during early myocardial ischemia, activated KATP channels could cause fatal ventricular arrhythmia. We thus hypothesized that long-term treatment with EPA suppresses ischemia-induced ventricular fibrillation (VF) by inhibiting myocardial KATP channels. Male pigs were treated with either a control chow or EPA (600 mg/kg/day, PO) for 3 weeks (n=8 each). They were subjected to myocardial ischemia (90 min) by occlusion of the left circumflex coronary artery and monophasic action potential (MAP) that reflects electrical activity of the LV in vivo was measured. In the EPA group, EPA content in red blood cells was increased to 4.5±0.3 mol%, a comparable level in the clinical studies (~5.8 mol%). The EPA treatment significantly reduced the occurrence of VF and the need for DC cardioversion, with a resultant marked improvement in mortality (EPA 0% vs. control 50%, P&lt;0.05). Furthermore, the EPA treatment significantly inhibited ischemia-induced shortening of MAP duration (measured at 90% repolarization) (EPA −19.5±3.0% vs. control −27.6±8.1%, P&lt;0.05). Importantly, the beneficial effect of EPA on MAP was abolished by pre-treatment with diazoxide, a KATP channel opener (5 mg/kg/min for 20 min, IC) (EPA+diazoxide −27.9±6.4%, P&lt;0.05 vs. EPA) ( Figure ). These results indicate that long-term treatment with EPA stabilizes ventricular electrical property during myocardial ischemia partly through suppression of KATP channels in vivo. Representative Recordings of Monophasic Action Potential(MAP) in Pigs
Sensitization of pancreatic cancer cells to ApoG2 induced killing by curcumin
Authors: S. Thoutreddy, S. Ali, R. Mohammad, F. H. Sarkar
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

13152 Background: In pancreatic cancer, several important survival molecules such as NF-kappa B and Bcl-2 or Bcl-XL are highly activated. Thus agents that inhibit NF-KappaB activation, together with agents that inhibit Bcl-2 or Bcl-XL protein function, may lead to enhanced cell killing. ApoG2, a new derivative of natural product gossypol, is a potent small molecule inhibitor of Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL proteins. Curcumin, an active ingredient from the rhizome of the plant, Curcuma longa, has anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities and works by inactivation of NF-Kappa B activity. In this study we have investigated the effects of curcumin on ApoG2 induced apoptosis. Methods: The BxPC-3 human pancreatic cancer cell line was used in this study. ApoG2 was dissolved in DMSO at 1 mM stock solution, and curcumin was dissolved in DMSO at 20 mM stock solution. Cell viability was determined by the standard MTT assay and apoptosis was measured by histone/DNA ELISA method. Results: Pretreatment of human pancreatic cell line BxPC-3 with curcumin sensitizes ApoG2 induced cell killing. In the dose escalation with ApoG2 at 48 hrs on MTT assay, 250 nM showed 75% cell viability, while 2.5 uM of curcumin at 72 hrs showed 80% cell viability. Pretreatment with curcumin for 24 hrs followed by ApoG2 at 48 hrs showed 55% cell viability (p = 0.0005). Apoptosis by histone/DNA ELISA showed 4-fold induction of cell death with ApoG2 at 48 hrs, 7-fold induction of cell death with curcumin at 72 hrs. However, pretreatment with curcumin for 24 hrs followed by ApoG2 at 48 hrs showed 10-fold induction in apoptosis compared to the control. Conclusions: From these results, we conclude that curcumin enhanced ApoG2 induced cell growth inhibition and apoptosis of BxPC-3 cells. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 4036: Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) Independently Predicts Incident Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) in an Apparently Healthy Older Population: The Rancho Bernardo Study
Authors: Lori B Daniels, Elizabeth Barrett-Connor, Mark J Sarno, Gail A Laughlin, Ricki Bettencourt, Robert L Wolfert
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Background: Serum levels of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), an enzyme that hydrolyzes oxidized phospholipids to yield potentially pro-atherogenic particles, have been associated ...
Abstract 16045: Malnutrition is Associated With Worsening Critical Limb Ischemia
Authors: Babak Yasmeh, Nicole Holguin, David Cohen, Jeffrey Mulvihill, Karen Woo, Ray Matthews, Michael Gaglia, David M Shavelle, Leonardo C Clavijo
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Introduction: Malnutrition is associated with poor wound healing and infection. The nutritional status of patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI) has not previously been described. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between nutritional status of CLI patients with the severity of CLI by Rutherford Class (RC). Hypothesis: We hypothesize that RC 6 (major tissue loss) patients have worse nutritional status compared to those with RC 4+5 (rest pain and minor tissue loss). Methods: The study population included patients admitted with CLI to University of Southern California Hospitals between July, 2012 and April, 2013. Demographics, severity of CLI by RC and nutritional status (body mass index, albumin, pre-albumin, C reactive protein) were evaluated. Patients with RC 6 were compared to those with RC 4+5. Results: Seventy-five patients were included, 69.33% were male, 65.33% smokers, 76.0% diabetic and had 50.67% CAD. RC 6 was present in 20% and RC 4+5 in 80%. No significant differen...
Deformation Dynamics and Mechanical Properties of the Aortic Annulus by 4-Dimensional Computed Tomography
Authors: Ashraf Hamdan, Victor Guetta, Eli Konen, Orly Goitein, Amit Segev, Ehud Raanani, Dan Spiegelstein, Ilan Hay, Elio Di Segni, Michael Eldar, Ehud Schwammenthal
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Tick-borne encephalitis in Europe and beyond – the epidemiological situation as of 2007
Authors: J Süss
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2008)

This review presents an overview of the developments in the epidemiology of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) during 2007 in Europe, the Far East and Asia, as well as some comments interpreting the various developments. The recent TBE situation in 29 European and four non-European countries is shown and discussed. The number of registered TBE cases from 1976 to 2007 in 19 European countries with endemic TBE is presented. Although criteria for TBE reporting vary from one country to another and it is necessary to account for unreported cases, an overall increase of TBE incidence during the last 30 years can clearly be established. Besides changes in climate and weather, a number of additional factors are probably responsible for this rise: increased exposition, partly due to socio-economical and political changes, and other factors that are for the most part unknown. In addition, the immunisation coverage in the population of some of the countries is discussed..
Abstract 13729: Iron Deficiency, Determined by Absence of Iron in the Bone Marrow, is the most Common Cause of Anemia in Heart Failure, Irrespective of Disease Severity
Authors: John Terrovitis, Elissavet Kaldara, Michael Bonios, Stavros Drakos, Argurios Ntalianis, Vassiliki Kontopidi, Lampros Katsaros, Eleni Tseliou, Iraklis Pozios, Stella Vakrou, Charis Matsouka, John Nanas
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Anemia is a major co-morbidity in heart failure (HF) with adverse prognostic implications, however its etiology remains controversial. Iron deficiency is highly prevalent in advanced stages, but its importance in less symptomatic patients remains uncertain. In the present study we investigated anemia etiology in HF using a thorough array of laboratory tests, including bone marrow aspiration. Methods: Ninety four consecutive patients (age 59±12 yrs) with HF and anemia were enrolled. Anemia was defined as a haemoglobin (Hb) concentration < 12g/dl in men and 3 mg/dl or with diseases known to cause anemia were excluded. All patients underwent bone marrow aspiration for iron store assessment, serum iron and ferritin determination and if those tests were inconclusive, red blood cell mass measurement with 51Cr . Results: Mean serum Hb was 10.8±0.9gr/dl for the whole cohort. Hb was 11.5±0.7gr/dl , 11±1 gr/dl and 10±0.9gr/dl in NYHA II, III and IV patients, respectively. Iron deficiency (confirmed by b...
Abstract 198: The Extracellular Superoxide Dismutase is Essential for Preventing Acute Lung Injury at Ambient Oxygen Tension
Authors: Maria C Gongora, Heinrich Lob, Zhenyu Qin, Ulf Landmesser, Graciela Gamez, Ioan C Cucoranu, Dan Sorescu, Tohru Fukai, David G Harrison
Journal: Circulation (2006)
Ubiquitin-like Molecule ISG15 Acts as an Immune Adjuvant to Enhance Antigen-specific CD8 T-cell Tumor Immunity
Authors: Daniel O Villarreal, Megan C Wise, Rebekah J Siefert, Jian Yan, Laurence M Wood, David B Weiner
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2015)

ISG15 is an ubiquitin-like protein induced by type I interferon associated with antiviral activity. ISG15 is also secreted and known to function as an immunomodulatory molecule. However, ISG15's role in influencing the adaptive CD8 T-cell responses has not been studied. Here, we demonstrate the efficacy of ISG15 as a vaccine adjuvant, inducing human papilloma virus (HPV) E7-specific IFNγ responses as well as the percentage of polyfunctional, cytolytic, and effector CD8 T-cell responses. Vaccination with ISG15 conferred remarkable control and/or regression of established HPV-associated tumor-bearing mice. T-cell depletion coupled with adoptive transfer experiments revealed that ISG15 protective efficacy was CD8 T-cell mediated. Importantly, we demonstrate that ISG15 vaccine-induced responses could be generated independent of ISGylation, suggesting that responses were mostly influenced by free ISG15. Our results provide more insight into the immunomodulatory properties of ISG15 and its potential to serve as an effective immune adjuvant in a therapeutic tumor or infectious disease setting. ISG15 is an ubiquitin-like protein induced by type I interferon associated with antiviral activity. ISG15 is also secreted and known to function as an immunomodulatory molecule. However, ISG15's role in influencing the adaptive CD8 T-cell responses has not been studied. Here, we demonstrate the efficacy of ISG15 as a vaccine adjuvant, inducing human papilloma virus (HPV) E7-specific IFNγ responses as well as the percentage of polyfunctional, cytolytic, and effector CD8 T-cell responses. Vaccination with ISG15 conferred remarkable control and/or regression of established HPV-associated tumor-bearing mice. T-cell depletion coupled with adoptive transfer experiments revealed that ISG15 protective efficacy was CD8 T-cell mediated. Importantly, we demonstrate that ISG15 vaccine-induced responses could be generated independent of ISGylation, suggesting that responses were mostly influenced by free ISG15. Our results provide more insight into the immunomodulatory properties of ISG15 and its potential to serve as an effective immune adjuvant in a therapeutic tumor or infectious disease setting.
Dofetilide
Authors: J. Paul Mounsey, John P. DiMarco
Journal: Circulation (2000)

is a new antiarrhythmic drug that recently was recommended for approval by an advisory committee to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treatment of patients with persistent atrial fibrillation.Dofetilide is a specific blocker of the rapid component of the outward delayed rectifier potassium current I Kr and will represent the first drug with relatively pure class III antiarrhythmic properties to be widely released.
Intravesical sequential BCG and electromotive mitomycin versus BCG alone in high risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.
Authors: Savino Mauro Di Stasi, Cristian Verri, Emanuele Liberati, Germano Zampa, Francesco Masedu, Marco Valenti
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

4572 Background: In 2006, we reported that intravesical sequential bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) and electromotive mitomycin in high risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer leads to higher disease-free interval, lower recurrence and progression, and to improved overall survival and disease-specific survival compared with BCG alone. After an additional 6 years of follow-up, we now report estimated 16-year results. Methods: From 1994 through 2002, we randomly assigned 212 patients with high risk non.muscle invasive bladder cancer to 81 mg BCG infused over 120 min once a week for 6 weeks (n=105) or to 81 mg BCG infused over 120 min once a week for 2 weeks, followed by 40 mg electromotive mitomycin (intravesical electric current 20 mA for 30 min) once a week as one cycle for three cycles (n=107). Complete responders underwent maintenance treatment: those assigned BCG alone had one infusion of 81 mg BCG once a month for 10 months, and those assigned BCG and mitomycin had 40 mg electromotive mitomycin once a month for 2 months, followed by 81 mg BCG once a month as one cycle for three cycles. The primary endpoint was disease-free interval. Analyses were done by intention to treat. Results: Median follow-up was 121 months (IQR 70.5–163.5). Patients assigned sequential BCG and electromotive mitomycin had higher disease-free interval than did those assigned BCG alone (79 months [95% CI 27–139] vs 26 months [11–113]; difference between groups 53 months [39–67], log-rank p=0.0002). Patients assigned sequential BCG and electromotive mitomycin also had lower recurrence (45% [35–55] vs 62% [50–72], difference between groups 17% [6–28], log-rank p=0.0002); progression (12% [3–21] vs 28% [17.5–38.5], difference between groups 16% [5–27], log-rank p=0.003); overall mortality (44% [33–55] vs 59% [43–75], difference between groups 15% [2–28], log-rank p=0.01); and disease-specific mortality (9% [2.5– 15.5] vs 23% [11–34], difference between groups 14% [4–24], log-rank p=0.0055). Conclusions: In patients with high risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer intravesical BCG combined with electromotive mitomycin provided better results than BCG alone in terms of higher remission rates and longer remission times.
The Metabolite R-2-Hydroxyglutarate (R2HG) Collaborates with HoxA9 to Induce Monocytic Leukemia
Authors: Anuhar Chaturvedi, Michelle Maria Araujo Cruz, Nidhi Jyotsana, Amit Sharma, Ramya Goparaju, Vishwas Sharma, Adrian Schwarzer, Kerstin Goerlich, Renate Schottmann, Eduard A. Struys, Erwin E. Jansen, Robert Geffers, Gudrun Goehring, Felicitas Thol, Arnold Ganser, Michael Heuser
Journal: Blood (2014)
Asthma: Smoking Clouds Treatment Benefits
Authors: Ed Susman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2004)

Although there are numerous ways children with asthma and allergies can reduce attacks and live a more normal life, researchers at the 2004 annual meeting of the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology (AAAAI) in San Francisco said cigarette smoking in the home virtually negates those interventions. “The data are clearly there,” said Robert Holzhauer, a clinical assistant professor of pediatrics at the University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry. “We have unequivocal data to show that sidestream smoke is dangerous to people with asthma.”

In one study presented at the March meeting, Holzhauer and colleagues identified Rochester schoolchildren aged 3–7 who had mild persistent to severe persistent asthma. Children were assigned randomly to school-based care groups. One group received daily inhaled corticosteroids—a proven, effective treatment to prevent asthma attacks—at school, while the other did not.

Children in the treated group had fewer attacks and school absences; their parents reported fewer worries about their children’s health, work absences, and unexpected changes in plans. But if there was smoking in the home, those advantages were almost completely nullified. These findings have since been published in the May 2004 issue of Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine.

In another presentation, Dennis Ownby, chief of allergy and immunology at the Medical College of Georgia, described his examination of the relationship between exposure to cats and dogs during the first year of life and the risk of allergy at age 6–7 years. He selected a birth cohort of 474 children, who were classified as having no exposure to cats or dogs during the first year of life, exposure to 1 cat or dog, or exposure to 2 or more cats or dogs.

Children of nonsmoking parents were significantly less likely to have allergies if they were exposed to 2 or more cats or dogs; about 14% of these children were allergic, compared to 37.5% of children with 1 pet and 36.8% of children with no pets. But this benefit was not seen in children of smoking parents. “This research shows that cigarette smoking is not innocuous to young children,” Ownby said. “We see evidence that it’s affecting their immune system.”

Holzhauer said parents must be convinced of how important it is to stop smoking in the home if they have children with asthma. However the doctors stopped short of advocating persuasion through legislation. “I think that if we were to report these parents to the authorities for child abuse, we would lose the children as patients,” Holzhauer said.

Rather, Kathleen Sheerin, a private-practice allergy specialist and chair of the AAAAI Public Education Committee, suggested that pediatricians and other health care professionals more strongly emphasize to parents the link between asthma, allergies, and smoking. She said, “We counsel parents to go to another room to smoke or to go outside if there is a child in the house.”
Professional performance bill
Authors: H Jacobs, P J Tomlin
Journal: BMJ (1995)

due to adhesions as a result of mesh being in contact with viscera are unknown.This contrasts with the low long term recurrence rate of less than 0-5-2%, minimal complications, and no deaths after many thousands of elective open repairs in unselected patients reported from many centres.If comparative trials are to be carried out then it is important that local anaesthesia is used for the open repair.Payne et al,3 Brooks,4 and Rudkin and Maddern5 have done so, and the latter two papers favoured the open mesh technique.Cost effectiveness must be considered.Taylor and Loosemore report on 700 laparoscopic pro- cedures.Laparoscopic disposables cost up to about ,C450 a case, so C315 000 would be required.Disposables for a mesh repair are £35 and would thus amount to £24 500 for 700 repairs.This difference in costs cannot be justified.Training surgeons in the laparoscopic technique is associated with a long learning curve and extra indirect costs.There are about 2500 general surgeons in England and Wales.I have taught experienced general surgeons the mesh techniques in a day.Brooks concluded that the open mesh repair (with local anaesthesia) is a "minimally invasive procedure, is appropriate for the greatest number of patients, is the least expensive and has the fewest short-and long-term complications."4Already three major hospitals in California have banned the laparoscopic hernia operation.
Abstract 2888: Evaluation of Ventricular Asynchrony Using Equilibrium Radionuclide Ventriculography: A Novel Approach
Authors: Eileen O'Meara, Mathieu Walker, Vincent Finnerty, Quan Ngo, Fanny Allard, Jean Gregoire, Paul Khairy, Bernard Thibault, Francois Harel
Journal: Circulation (2006)