tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Microvascular Inflammation of Kidney Allografts and Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Marta Sablik, Aurélie Sannier, Marc Raynaud, Valentin Goutaudier, Gillian Divard, Brad C. Astor, Patricia Weng, Jodi Smith, Rouba Garro, Bradley A. Warady, Rima S. Zahr, Katherine Twombley, Vikas R. Dharnidharka, Raja S. Dandamudi, Marc Fila, Edmund Huang, Anne-Laure Sellier-Leclerc, Burkhard Tönshoff, Marion Rabant, Jérôme Verine, Arnaud del Bello, Thierry Berney, Olivia Boyer, Rusan Ali Catar, Richard Danger, Magali Giral, Daniel Yoo, François R. Girardin, Alaa Alsadi, Pierre-Antoine Gourraud, Emmanuel Morelon, Moglie Le Quintrec, Mélanie Try, Jean Villard, Weixiong Zhong, Oriol Bestard, Klemens Budde, Bertrand Chauveau, Lionel Couzi, Sophie Brouard, Julien Hogan, Christophe Legendre, Dany Anglicheau, Olivier Aubert, Nassim Kamar, Carmen Lefaucheur, Alexandre Loupy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2024)

The heterogeneous clinical presentation of graft microvascular inflammation poses a major challenge to successful kidney transplantation. The effect of microvascular inflammation on allograft outcomes is unclear.
Outpatient intensive nutrition therapy improves survival and frailty in males with Alcohol related ACLF - Randomised controlled trial
Authors: Patal Giri, Sunil Taneja, Nancy Sahni, Harish Bhujade, B K Padhi, Tanka Karki, Pratibha Garg, Sahaj Rathi, Arka De, Nipun Verma, Madhumita Premkumar, Ajay Duseja
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2024)
Effect of iberdomide on cutaneous manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus: a randomized phase 2 clinical trial
Authors: Victoria P Werth, Joan T Merrill, Richard Furie, Thomas Dörner, Ronald van Vollenhoven, Peter Lipsky, Michael Weiswasser, Shimon Korish, Peter H Schafer, Mark Stern, Stan Li, Nikolay Delev
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2024)
A phase 2a trial of brepocitinib for cicatricial alopecia
Authors: Eden David, Neda Shokrian, Ester Del Duca, Marguerite Meariman, Celina Dubin, Kelly Hawkins, Elizabeth Andrews, Savina Sikand, Giselle Singer, Barry Oemar, Yeriel Estrada, Swaroop Bose, Juliana Pulsinelli, Ping Mahling, Joel Correa Da Rosa, Benjamin Ungar, Elena Peeva, Emma Guttman-Yassky
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2024)
Controlled TPCA-1 delivery engineers a pro-tenogenic niche to initiate tendon regeneration by targeting IKKβ/NF-κB signaling
Authors: Jialin Chen, Renwang Sheng, Qingyun Mo, Ludvig J Backman, Zhiyuan Lu, Qiuzi Long, Zhixuan Chen, Zhicheng Cao, Yanan Zhang, Chuanquan Liu, Haotian Zheng, Yu Qi, Mumin Cao, Yunfeng Rui, Wei Zhang
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2024)
Younger-onset compared with later-onset type 2 diabetes: an analysis of the UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) with up to 30 years of follow-up (UKPDS 92)
Authors: Beryl Lin, Ruth L Coleman, Fiona Bragg, Ernesto Maddaloni, Rury R Holman, Amanda I Adler
Journal: The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology (2024)
Central nervous system tumors in adolescents and young adults: A Society for Neuro-Oncology consensus review on diagnosis, management, and future directions
Authors: Mary Jane Lim-Fat, Julie Bennett, Quinn Ostrom, Mehdi Touat, Enrico Franceschi, Jessica Schulte, Ranjit S Bindra, Jason Fangusaro, Girish Dhall, James Nicholson, Sadhana Jackson, Tom Belle Davidson, Gabriele Calaminus, Giles Robinson, James R Whittle, Peter Hau, Vijay Ramaswamy, Kristian W Pajtler, Roberta Rudà, Nicholas K Foreman, Shawn L Hervey-Jumper, Sunit Das, Peter Dirks, Wenya Linda Bi, Annie Huang, Thomas E Merchant, Maryam Fouladi, Kenneth Aldape, Martin J Van den Bent, Roger J Packer, Julie J Miller, David A Reardon, Susan M Chang, Daphne Haas-Kogan, Uri Tabori, Cynthia Hawkins, Michelle Monje, Patrick Y Wen, Eric Bouffet, Kee Kiat Yeo
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2024)

Abstract Adolescents and young adults (AYAs; ages 15–39 years) are a vulnerable population facing challenges in oncological care, including access to specialized care, transition of care, unique tumor biology, and poor representation in clinical trials. Brain tumors are the second most common tumor type in AYA, with malignant brain tumors being the most common cause of cancer-related death. The 2021 WHO Classification for central nervous system (CNS) Tumors highlights the importance of integrated molecular characterization with histologic diagnosis in several tumors relevant to the AYA population. In this position paper from the Society for Neuro-Oncology (SNO), the diagnosis and management of CNS tumors in AYA is reviewed, focusing on the most common tumor types in this population, namely glioma, medulloblastoma, ependymoma, and CNS germ cell tumor. Current challenges and future directions specific to AYA are also highlighted. Finally, possible solutions to address barriers in the care of AYA patients are discussed, emphasizing the need for multidisciplinary and collaborative approaches that span the pediatric and adult paradigms of care, and incorporating advanced molecular testing, targeted therapy, and AYA-centered care.
Exogenous Opioids and the Human Endocrine System: An Endocrine Society Scientific Statement
Authors: Niki Karavitaki, Jeffrey J Bettinger, Nienke Biermasz, Mirjam Christ-Crain, Monica R Gadelha, Warrick J Inder, Elena Tsourdi, Sarah E Wakeman, Maria Zatelli
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2024)

Abstract The use and misuse of opioids are a growing global problem. Although the effects of these drugs on the human endocrine system have been studied for decades, attention on their related clinical consequences, particularly on the hypothalamic-pituitary system and bone health, has intensified over recent years. This Statement appraises research data related to the impact of opioids on the gonadal and adrenal function. Whereas hypogonadism is well recognized as a side effect of opioids, the significance of their inhibitory actions on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system and the occurrence of clinically relevant adrenal insufficiency is not fully elucidated. The often-inconsistent results of studies investigating how opioids affect the secretion of GH, prolactin, arginine vasopressin, and oxytocin are assessed. The accumulating evidence of opioid actions on bone metabolism and their negative sequelae on bone mineral density and risk of fracture are also reviewed. In each section, available data on diagnostic and management approaches for opioid endocrine sequelae are described. This Statement highlights a plethora of gaps in research associated with the effects and clinical consequences of opioids on the endocrine system. It is anticipated that addressing these gaps will improve the care of people using or misusing opioids worldwide. The Statement is not intended to serve as a guideline or dictate treatment decisions.
Presentation and outcome in carriers of pathogenic variants in SLC34A1 and SLC34A3 encoding sodium-phosphate transporter NPT 2a and 2c
Authors: Max Brunkhorst, Lena Brunkhorst, Helge Martens, Svetlana Papizh, Martine Besouw, Corinna Grasemann, Serap Turan, Przemyslaw Sikora, Milan Chromek, Elisabeth Cornelissen, Marc Fila, Marc Lilien, Jeremy Allgrove, Thomas J Neuhaus, Mehmet Eltan, Laura Espinosa, Dirk Schnabel, Ibrahim Gokce, Juan David González-Rodríguez, Priyanka Khandelwal, Mandy G Keijzer-Veen, Felix Lechner, Maria Szczepańska, Marcin Zaniew, Justine Bacchetta, Francesco Emma, Dieter Haffner
Journal: Kidney International (2024)
Tranexamic acid for postpartum bleeding: a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Katharine Ker, Loïc Sentilhes, Haleema Shakur-Still, Hugo Madar, Catherine Deneux-Tharaux, George Saade, Luis D Pacheco, François-Xavier Ageron, Raoul Mansukhani, Eni Balogun, Amy Brenner, Danielle Prowse, Monica Arribas, Homa Ahmadzia, Rizwana Chaudhri, Oladapo Olayemi, Ian Roberts
Journal: The Lancet (2024)
Feeding dystonia, chorea, psychosis, and self-mutilation in an African patient with neuroacanthocytosis syndrome
Authors: Maouly Fall, Moussa Seck, Alassane Mamadou Diop, Jamil Kahwagi, Grace Tsemo Yimta, Allé Guéye, Pedro Rodriguez Cruz, Mie Rizig
Journal: The Lancet (2024)
Endocarditis associated with contamination of cardiovascular bioprostheses with Mycobacterium chelonae: a collaborative microbiological study
Authors: Judith Kikhney, Inna Friesen, Solveigh Wiesener, Laura Kursawe, Christoph Loddenkemper, Josef Zündorf, Beate Häuser, Esther P Cónsul Tejero, Dinah V Schöning, Kurosh Sarbandi, Doris Hillemann, Martin Kuhns, Miriam S Stegemann, Frieder Pfäfflin, Frank-Rainer Klefisch, Volker Düsterhöft, Sebastian Haller, Anja V Laer, Tim Eckmanns, Emmanuelle Cambau, Sarah Tschudin-Sutter, Barbara Hasse, Anette Friedrichs, Bernd Panholzer, Walter Eichinger, Petra Gastmeier, Volkmar Falk, Annette Moter
Journal: The Lancet Microbe (2024)

Mycobacterium chelonae is a rare cause of infective endocarditis that is difficult to diagnose and treat. After we found M chelonae in a series of patients, we aimed to investigate its role in cardiovascular prosthesis dysfunction and contamination of bioprostheses as a possible cause of infection.
The Lancet Public Health Commission on gambling
Authors: Heather Wardle, Louisa Degenhardt, Virve Marionneau, Gerda Reith, Charles Livingstone, Malcolm Sparrow, Lucy T Tran, Blair Biggar, Christopher Bunn, Michael Farrell, Viktorija Kesaite, Vladimir Poznyak, Jianchao Quan, Jürgen Rehm, Angela Rintoul, Manoj Sharma, Jeremy Shiffman, Kristiana Siste, Daria Ukhova, Rachel Volberg, Joana Salifu Yendork, Shekhar Saxena
Journal: The Lancet Public Health (2024)
Depression symptoms, wellbeing, health-related quality of life, and diabetes-related distress in novel subtypes of recent-onset diabetes in Germany: a 5-year observational follow-up study
Authors: Jana Sommer, Sandra Olivia Borgmann, Veronika Gontscharuk, Oana Patricia Zaharia, Haifa Maalmi, Christian Herder, Robert Wagner, Klaus Strassburger, Martin Schön, Volker Burkart, Julia Szendroedi, Andreas F H Pfeiffer, Stefan Bornstein, Matthias Blüher, Jochen Seissler, Andreas L Birkenfeld, Svenja Meyhöfer, Michael Roden, Andrea Icks
Journal: The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology (2024)
Equitable access to pandemic products demands stronger public governance
Authors: Adam Strobeyko, Caesar A Atuire, Ruth Faden, Calvin W L Ho, Vitor Ido, Mohga Kamal-Yanni, Matthew Kavanagh, Katherine Littler, Lauren Paremoer, Alexandra L Phelan, Katerini T Storeng, Ross Upshur, Suerie Moon
Journal: The Lancet (2024)
Genomic and Acoustic Biogeography of the Iconic Sulphur-Crested Cockatoo Clarifies Species Limits and Patterns of Intraspecific Diversity
Authors: Arthur F Sands, Astrid A L Andersson, Kerry Reid, Taylor Hains, Leo Joseph, Alex Drew, Ian J Mason, Frank E Rheindt, Caroline Dingle, Juha Merilä
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2024)

Abstract Many highly recognizable species lack genetic data important for conservation due to neglect over their hyperabundance. This likely applies to the Sulfur-crested Cockatoo (Cacatua galerita), one of the world's most iconic parrots. The species is native to Australia, New Guinea, and some surrounding Melanesian islands of the latter. Four subspecies are currently recognised based on morphology. Australian subspecies and populations are abundant, but several factors threaten those in New Guinea and Melanesia. Genetic data from natural populations are scarce—information that is vital to identifying evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) important for modern conservation planning. We used whole-genome resequencing to investigate patterns of differentiation, evolutionary affinities, and demographic history across C. galerita's distribution range to assess whether currently recognised subspecies represent ESUs. We complement this with an assessment of bioacoustic variation across the species' distribution landscape. Our results point to C. galerita sensu lato (s.l.) comprising two species. We restrict C. galerita sensu stricto (s.s.) to populations in Australia and the Trans-Fly ecodomain of southern New Guinea. The second species, recognised here as Cacatua triton, likely occurs over much of the rest of New Guinea. Restricting further discussion of intraspecific diversity in C. triton, we show that within C. galerita s.s. two ESUs exist, which align to Cacatua galerita galerita in eastern Australia and southern New Guinea and Cacatua galerita fitzroyi in northern and north-western Australia. We suggest that the evolution of these species and ESUs are linked to Middle and Late Pleistocene glacial cycles and their effects on sea level and preferential habitats. We argue that conservation assessments need updating, protection of preferential forest and woodland habitats are important and reintroductions require careful management to avoid possible negative hybridization effects of non-complementary lineages.
Association of immunoglobulin E levels with glioma risk and survival
Authors: Geno Guerra, Taishi Nakase, Linda Kachuri, Lucie McCoy, Helen M Hansen, Terri Rice, Joseph L Wiemels, John K Wiencke, Annette M Molinaro, Margaret Wrensch, Stephen S Francis
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2024)

Previous epidemiologic studies have reported an association of serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels with reduced glioma risk, but the association between IgE and glioma prognosis has not been characterized. This study aimed to examine how sex, tumor subtype, and IgE class modulate the association of serum IgE levels with glioma risk and survival.
ROR1 facilitates glioblastoma growth via stabilizing GRB2 to promote c-Fos expression in glioma stem cells
Authors: Hongtao Zhu, Lidong Cheng, Dan Liu, Xiaoyu Ma, Zhiye Chen, Heng Fan, Ran Li, Yang Zhang, Hailong Mi, Jun Li, Suojun Zhang, Xingjiang Yu, Kai Shu
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2024)

Abstract Background Glioma stem cells (GSCs) are the root cause of tumorigenesis, recurrence, and therapeutic resistance in glioblastoma (GBM), the most prevalent and lethal type of primary adult brain malignancy. The exploitation of novel methods targeting GSCs is crucial for the treatment of GBM. In this study, we investigate the function of the novel ROR1-GRB2-c-Fos axis in GSCs maintenance and GBM progression. Methods The expression characteristics of ROR1 in GBM and GSCs were assessed by bioinformatic analysis, patient specimens, and patient-derived GSCs. Lentivirus-mediated gene knockdown and overexpression were conducted to evaluate the effect of ROR1 on GSCs proliferation and self-renewal both in vitro and in vivo. The downstream signaling of ROR1 in GSCs maintenance was unbiasedly determined by RNA-seq and validated both in vitro and in vivo. Finally, rescue assays were performed to further validate the function of the ROR1-GRB2-c-Fos axis in GSCs maintenance and GBM progression. Results ROR1 is upregulated in GBM and preferentially expressed in GSCs. Disruption of ROR1 markedly impairs GSC proliferation and self-renewal, and inhibits GBM growth in vivo. Moreover, ROR1 stabilizes GRB2 by directly binding and reducing its lysosomal degradation, and ROR1 knockdown significantly inhibits GRB2/ERK/c-Fos signaling in GSCs. Importantly, ectopic expression of c-Fos counteracts the effects caused by ROR1 silencing both in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions ROR1 plays essential roles in GSCs maintenance through binding to GRB2 and activation of ERK/c-Fos signaling, which highlights the therapeutic potential of targeting the ROR1-GRB2-c-Fos axis.
The views and experiences of older adults regarding digital mental health interventions: a systematic review ofqualitative studies
Authors: Ruoyu Yin, Laura Martinengo, Helen Elizabeth Smith, Mythily Subramaniam, Konstadina Griva, Lorainne Tudor Car
Journal: The Lancet Healthy Longevity (2024)

This systematic review aimed to synthesise qualitative evidence on the views and experiences of older adults in using digital mental health interventions (DMHIs) for the prevention or self-management of mental disorders. We searched PubMed, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and the first 100 results of Google Scholar for eligible studies and we included 37 papers reporting 35 studies in this Review. Most DMHIs were delivered using mobile apps (n=11), websites (n=6), and video-conferencing tools (n=6). The use of DMHIs in older adults was affected by negative perceptions about ageing and mental health, the digital divide (eg, insufficient digital literacy), personal factors (eg, motivation) and health status, interpersonal influences (eg, guidance and encouragement), intervention features (eg, pace and content), technology-related factors (eg, accessibility), and the perceived benefits and risks of using DMHIs. Future DMHIs for older adults should involve other stakeholders such as health-care professionals, provide content relevant to the needs of older people, be more accessible, and address concerns about privacy and confidentiality.
Advancing Community Care and Access to Follow-Up after Acute Kidney Injury Hospitalization
Authors: Neesh Pannu, Kerry A. McBrien, Zhi Tan, Nasreen Ahmad, Coralea Bignell, Eleanor Benterud, Taylor Palechuk, Tyrone G. Harrison, Braden J. Manns, Nairne Scott-Douglas, Matthew T. James
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2024)

Key Points A risk-guided intervention improved adherence to processes of care for AKI survivors. Further supports are necessary to improve uptake of processes of care for AKI survivors in primary care. Background AKI is associated with development and progression of CKD. Gaps in recommended care for CKD are common after AKI. Methods In this randomized controlled trial conducted in Alberta, Canada, we allocated adults hospitalized with Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) stage 2 or greater AKI to a risk-guided, transition of care intervention versus usual practices at the time of hospital discharge. For people in the intervention group, we used a validated risk index to predict risk of severe CKD after AKI. People at low risk (&lt;1%) received patient education alone. People at medium risk received additional clinical guidance, provided to their primary care physician. People at high risk (&gt;10%) were referred to nephrology. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients who received treatment with an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE-I) or angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), statin, and nephrology specialist follow-up within 90 days of discharge. Results One hundred fifty-five patients were recruited; the mean (SD) age was 60 (15) years, 91 (60%) were male, and 96 (62%) had eGFR &lt;60 ml/min per 1.73 m 2 or urine albumin-creatinine ratio &gt;30 mg/g at discharge. The proportion of participants who received ACE-I/ARB, statin treatment, and nephrologist follow-up was 28% in the intervention group versus 3% in the usual care group (absolute risk difference [RD], 25%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 15% to 36%). The use of ACE-I or ARB in participants with urine albumin-creatinine ratio &gt;300 mg/g or diabetes was greater in the high-risk group with the intervention versus usual care (RD, 37%; 95% CI, 6% to 67%), as was statin use among those with CKD (RD, 30%; 95% CI, 5% to 56%) and nephrologist follow-up for those with sustained eGFR &lt;30 ml/min per 1.73 m 2 at discharge (RD, 78%; 95% CI, 56% to 100%). Hyperkalemia was more frequent in the intervention group (RD, 10%; 95% CI, 9% to 19%). Conclusions A risk-guided intervention for patients hospitalized with AKI increased recommended processes of care for CKD for high-risk patients after hospital discharge. Clinical Trial registry name and registration number: Improving Post Discharge Care after Acute Kidney Injury (AFTER AKI), NCT02915575.
Glomerular Filtration Rate Changes Following UTI in Children With Vesicoureteral Reflux
Authors: David S. Hains, Michelle C. Starr, Andrew L. Schwaderer
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2024)

This cohort study uses data from the Children With Vesicoureteral Reflux trial to assess estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) changes in participants with vs without recurrent urinary tract infections.
The effect of protecting women against economic shocks to fight HIV in Cameroon, Africa: The POWER randomised controlled trial
Authors: Aurélia Lépine, Sandie Szawlowski, Emile Nitcheu, Henry Cust, Eric Defo Tamgno, Julienne Noo, Fanny Procureur, Illiasou Mfochive, Serge Billong, Ubald Tamoufe
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2024)

Women in sub-Saharan Africa are disproportionately affected by the HIV epidemic. Young women are twice as likely to be living with HIV as men of the same age and account for 64% of new HIV infections among young people. Many studies suggest that financial needs, alongside biological susceptibility, are a leading cause of the gender disparity in HIV acquisition. New robust evidence suggests women adopt risky sexual behaviours to cope with economic shocks, the sudden decreases in household's income or consumption power, enhancing our understanding of the link between poverty and HIV. We investigated if health insurance protects against economic shocks, reducing the need for vulnerable women to engage in risky sexual behaviours and reducing HIV and sexually transmitted infection (STI) incidence.
Leveraging behavioral economics strategies to close gaps in biomedical HIV prevention
Authors: Jesse Heitner, Valerian Mwenda, Grace Umutesi, Ruanne V Barnabas
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2024)

Adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) in southern Africa face triple the HIV incidence of their male peers due to multiple factors, including economic deprivation and age-disparate relationships. A new study by Aurélia Lépine and colleagues has demonstrated that addressing healthcare costs among AGYW has the potential to reduce HIV incidence.
ECM1 attenuates hepatic fibrosis by interfering with mediators of latent TGF-β1 activation
Authors: Frederik Link, Yujia Li, Jieling Zhao, Stefan Munker, Weiguo Fan, Zeribe C Nwosu, Ye Yao, Shanshan Wang, Chenjun Huang, Roman Liebe, Seddik Hammad, Hui Liu, Chen Shao, Chunfang Gao, Bing Sun, Natalie J Török, Huiguo Ding, Matthias PA Ebert, Honglei Weng, Peter ten Dijke, Dirk Drasdo, Steven Dooley, Sai Wang
Journal: Gut (2024)

Objective Extracellular matrix protein 1 (ECM1) serves as a gatekeeper of hepatic fibrosis by maintaining transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in its latent form. ECM1 knockout (KO) causes latent (L) TGF-β1 activation, resulting in hepatic fibrosis with rapid mortality. In chronic liver disease (CLD), ECM1 decreases with increasing CLD severity. We investigate the regulatory role of ECM1 in TGF-β1 bioavailability and its impact on CLD progression. Design RNAseq was performed to analyse hepatic gene expression. Functional assays were performed using hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), Ecm1 -KO and Fxr -KO mice, patient liver tissue and computer simulations. Results Expression of LTGF-β1 activators, including thrombospondins (TSPs), ADAMTS proteases and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), increased along with profibrotic gene expression in liver tissue of Ecm1 -KO mice. In HSCs, overexpression of ECM1 prevented LTGF-β1 activation mediated by TSP-1, ADAMTS1, and MMP-2/9. In vitro interaction assays demonstrated that ECM1 inhibited LTGF-β1 activation by interacting with TSP-1 and ADAMTS1 via their respective, intrinsic KRFK or KTFR amino acid sequences and by suppressing MMP-2/9 proteolytic activity. In mice, ECM1 overexpression attenuated KRFK-induced LTGF-β1 activation while KTFR treatment reversed Ecm1 -KO-mediated and Fxr -KO-mediated liver injury. In patients with CLD, ECM1 expression was inversely correlated with TSP-1, ADAMTS1, MMP-2/9 expression and LTGF-β1 activation. And, these results were complemented by a computational compartment model representing the key network of cellular phenotypes and predicted interactions in liver fibrogenesis. Conclusion Our findings underscore the hepatoprotective effect of ECM1, which interferes with mediators of LTGF-β1 activation, suggesting ECM1 or its representative peptide as potential antifibrotic therapies in CLD.