tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Findings from the First Year of a Federally Funded, Direct-to-Consumer HIV Self-Test Distribution Program — United States, March 2023–March 2024
Authors: Travis Sanchez, Robin J. MacGowan, Jennifer Hecht, Jessica M. Keralis, Lucinda Ackah-Toffey, Avery Bourbeau, Ruth Dana, Emily A. Lilo, Revae S. Downey, Hannah Getachew-Smith, Marissa Hannah, Rachel Valencia, Eli Krebs, Emily S. Pingel, Jennie Johnston Gayden, Jenna Norelli, Zavier Mason, Jennifer Mahn, Natalie Cramer, Robert Bole, Patrick Sullivan, Anuli N. Nwaohiri, Jo Ellen Stryker, Athena P. Kourtis, Elizabeth A. DiNenno, Robyn Neblett Fanfair, Jonathan H. Mermin, Kevin P. Delaney
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2024)

In September 2022, CDC funded a nationwide program, Together TakeMeHome (TTMH), to expand distribution of HIV self-tests (HIVSTs) directly to consumers by mail through an online ordering portal.To publicize the availability of HIVSTs to priority audiences, particularly those disproportionately affected by HIV, CDC promoted this program through established partnerships and tailored resources from its Let's Stop HIV Together social marketing campaign.The online portal launched March 14, 2023, and through March 13, 2024, distributed 443,813 tests to 219,360 persons.Among 169,623 persons who answered at least one question on a postorder questionnaire, 67.9% of respondents were from priority audiences, 24.1% had never previously received testing for HIV, and 24.8% had not received testing in the past year.Among the subset of participants who initiated a follow-up survey, 88.3% used an HIVST themselves, 27.1% gave away an HIVST, 11.7% accessed additional preventive services, and 1.9% reported a new positive HIVST result.Mailed HIVST distribution can quickly reach large numbers of persons who have never received testing for HIV or have not received testing as often as is recommended.TTMH can help to achieve the goal of diagnosing HIV as early as possible and provides a path to other HIV prevention and care services.Clinicians, community organizations, and public health officials should be aware of HIVST programs, initiate discussions about HIV testing conducted outside their clinics or offices, and initiate follow-up services for persons who report a positive or negative HIVST result.* https://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/director-letters/launch-of-togethertakemehome.html† https://www.cdc.gov/stophivtogether/index.html§ In the first year, program marketing was developed for MSM; transgender women (of any race); and cisgender Black women.For MSM, imagery was designed specifically to appeal to Black and Hispanic or Latino (Hispanic) men, but messages were placed on social media and dating apps inclusive of all MSM.In this report, these population groups are referred to as priority audiences for program marketing efforts.¶ https://together.takemehome.org** For persons who ordered from the program more than once, only demographic data reported when the first order was placed are considered.
Quality of Trauma Surgery Podcasts in Credibility, Content, and Design
Authors: Asma Altaf Hussain Merchant, Shayan Ali Shah, Asfia Arham Khursheed, Madeeha Ali, Sohaib Najam, Rimsha Farooq, Saqib Kamran Bakhshi, Noreen Afzal, Komal Abdul Rahim, Namra Qadeer Shaikh, Adil H. Haider
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

Importance There has been an emerging trend of podcast use in medical education over the past decade. With the increasing number of podcasts and learners’ interest in trauma surgery, it is vital to validate the quality of these podcasts. Objective To determine the quantity and quality of podcast episodes on trauma surgery. Design, Setting, and Participants This cross-sectional study identified trauma surgery podcasts published globally on the Google, Apple, and Spotify platforms as of May 31, 2023. An initial screening excluded podcasts not fulfilling the inclusion criteria (published as of May 31, 2023, and covering clinical knowledge or mentorship on general trauma surgery). A 10-item checklist developed from a modified Delphi consensus method was created to assess the podcasts’ credibility, content, and design as indicators of quality. Data extracted from each podcast episode included the duration, setting, host and guest credentials, and fulfillment of quality indicators. Data were analyzed on August 13, 2023. Main Outcomes and Measures The quality of each podcast was assessed using the 10-question checklist. A score of at least 80% in credibility (4 of 5 points), 75% in content (3 of 4 points), and 100% in design (1 of 1 point) was required to classify a podcast episode as having good quality. Results The initial search identified 204 podcasts on trauma surgery, of which 55 podcasts met the inclusion criteria. All 55 podcasts were published after 2014, with the majority hosted by males (85% [61 of 72 hosts]), based in the US (91% [50 of 55 podcasts]), and focused on clinical knowledge (80% [44 of 55 podcasts]). Podcast hosts and guests predominantly held a Doctor of Medicine degree (83% [113 of 136]), with 72% [46 of 64] of guests identifying as practicing trauma surgeons. While all 55 podcasts had excellent quality in terms of content and design, 20% (11 of 55) of podcasts were rated poorly on credibility. Credibility was further reduced for 60% (33 of 55) of podcasts because of nondisclosure of conflicts of interest. Conclusions and Relevance In this cross-sectional study of trauma surgery podcasts, most had good-quality content and design, but there was a lack of explicit conflict of interest disclosure. Content producers need to disclose their conflicts of interest appropriately to ensure credibility and improve the quality of their podcasts.
Healthy Lifestyle and the Likelihood of Becoming a Centenarian
Authors: Yaqi Li, Kaiyue Wang, Guliyeerke Jigeer, Gordon Jensen, Katherine L. Tucker, Yuebin Lv, Xiaoming Shi, Xiang Gao
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

Importance Previous studies have reported that lifestyle factors were associated with life expectancy and/or mortality, but most of them studied the middle-aged or older age groups (aged ≥60 years), and few focused on people aged 80 years or older. Objectives To examine healthy lifestyle and the likelihood of becoming centenarians among people aged 80 years or older in China. Design, Settings, and Participants Using data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey, a nationally representative and one of the largest prospective cohorts targeting people aged 80 years or older established in 1998, a community-based, prospective nested case-control study was performed. Data were analyzed from December 1, 2022, to April 15, 2024. Exposures A healthy lifestyle score for 100 (HLS-100, ranging from 0 to 6), including smoking, exercise, and dietary diversity, was constructed, with higher scores indicating potentially better health outcomes. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was survivorship to becoming a centenarian by 2018 (the end of follow-up). Information on sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, and other covariates was collected. Results The sample comprised 5222 individuals (61.7% women, mean [SD] age, 94.3 [3.3] years), including 1454 identified centenarians and 3768 controls (died before becoming centenarians) matched by age, sex, and year of entry. During a median follow-up of 5 (IQR, 3-7) years, 373 of 1486 individuals among the lowest HLS-100 (0-2) group and 276 of 851 individuals among the highest HLS-100 (5-6) group became centenarians. The adjusted odds ratio (AOR) comparing the highest vs the lowest HLS-100 groups was 1.61 (95% CI, 1.32-1.96; P &amp;amp;lt; .001 for trend). An association was noted when we further treated centenarians with relatively healthy status as the outcome, as evaluated by self-reported chronic conditions, physical and cognitive function, and mental wellness (AOR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.05-2.26). Similar results were observed in other sensitivity analyses. Conclusions and Relevance In this case-control study of Chinese older adults, adhering to a healthy lifestyle appears to be important even at late ages, suggesting that constructing strategic plans to improve lifestyle behaviors among all older adults may play a key role in promoting healthy aging and longevity.
With Great Podcasts Comes Great Responsibility
Authors: Andrew Grock, Hiroko Akuzawa
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

Asma Altaf Hussain Merchant, MBBS; Shayan Ali Shah, MBBS; Asfia Arham Khursheed, MBBS; Madeeha Ali, MBBS; Sohaib Najam, MBBS; Rimsha Farooq, MBBS; Saqib Kamran Bakhshi, MBBS; Noreen Afzal, MPhil; Komal Abdul Rahim, BScN; Namra Qadeer Shaikh, MBBS; Adil H. Haider, MD, MPH
Survival in Patients With Recurrent Intermediate-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Wenzhe Fan, Bowen Zhu, Shuling Chen, Yanqin Wu, Xiao Zhao, Liangliang Qiao, Zhen Huang, Rong Tang, Jinghua Chen, Wan Yee Lau, Minshan Chen, Jiaping Li, Ming Kuang, Zhenwei Peng
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2024)

Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is commonly used to treat patients with recurrent intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and positive microvascular invasion (MVI); however, TACE alone has demonstrated unsatisfactory survival benefits. A previous retrospective study suggested that TACE plus sorafenib (SOR-TACE) may be a better therapeutic option compared with TACE alone.
Current Management of Desmoid Tumors
Authors: Bernd Kasper, Elizabeth H. Baldini, Sylvie Bonvalot, Dario Callegaro, Kenneth Cardona, Chiara Colombo, Nadège Corradini, Aimee M. Crago, Angelo P. Dei Tos, Palma Dileo, Eldad Elnekave, Joseph P. Erinjeri, Fariba Navid, Jeffrey M. Farma, Andrea Ferrari, Marco Fiore, Rebecca A. Gladdy, Mrinal Gounder, Rick L. Haas, Olga Husson, Jean-Emmanuel Kurtz, Alex J. Lazar, Daniel Orbach, Nicolas Penel, Ravi Ratan, Chandrajit P. Raut, Christina L. Roland, Ann-Rose W. Schut, Monika Sparber-Sauer, Dirk C. Strauss, Winette T. A. Van der Graaf, Marco Vitellaro, Aaron R. Weiss, Alessandro Gronchi, Benjamin Alman, Steven Attia, Jyoti Bajpai, Giacomo Giulio Baldi, Livia Barbieri, Christina Baumgarten, Charlotte Benson, Jean-Yves Blay, Kjetil Boye, Bernadette Brennan, Andre Domenico Campanacci, Paolo Giovanni Casali, Michela Casanova, Tom Wie-Wu Chen, Lorenzo D'Ambrosio, Chaves Maria Carolina De Menezes, Armelle Dufresne, Hans Roland Dürr, Anna Maria Frezza, David Gyorki, Sam Hackett, Florian Haller, Audrey Helaine, Peter Hohenberger, Toni Ibrahim, Shintaro Iwata, Robin L Jones, Akira Kawai, Mohamed Kelany, David G Kirsch, Andreas Leithner, Andrea Macneill, Christina Messiou, Robert Maki, Carlo Morosi, Andrea Napolitano, Yoshihiro Nishida, Elena Palassini, Shreyaskumar Patel, Giulia Personeni, Raphael Pollock, Emanuele Rausa, Evelyne Roets, Enrica Rossi, Piotr Rutkowski, Daniela Salvatore, Claudia Sangalli, Marta Sbaraglia, Philip Michael Smith, Silvia Stacchiotti, William Tap, Gabriel Tinoco, Dimitri Tzanis, Michiel AJ Van de Sande, Kim Van der Zande, Winan Van Houdt, Cornelis Verhoef, Andrew Wagner, Eva Wardelmann, Jeanne Whiting
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2024)

Desmoid tumor (DT) is a rare and locally aggressive monoclonal, fibroblastic proliferation characterized by a variable and often unpredictable clinical course. Previously, surgery was the standard primary treatment modality; however, within the past decade, a paradigm shift toward less-invasive management has been introduced and an effort to harmonize the strategy among clinicians has been made. To update the 2020 global evidence-based consensus guideline on the management of patients with DT, the Desmoid Tumor Working Group convened a 1-day consensus meeting in Milan, Italy, on June 30, 2023, under the auspices of the European Reference Network on Rare Adult Solid Cancers and Sarcoma Patient Advocacy Global Network, the Desmoid Foundation Italy, and the Desmoid Tumor Research Foundation. The meeting brought together over 90 adult and pediatric sarcoma experts from different disciplines as well as patients and patient advocates from around the world.
Development and validation of a smartphone-based deep-learning-enabled system to detect middle-ear conditions in otoscopic images
Authors: Constance Dubois, David Eigen, François Simon, Vincent Couloigner, Michael Gormish, Martin Chalumeau, Laurent Schmoll, Jérémie F. Cohen
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2024)

Abstract Middle-ear conditions are common causes of primary care visits, hearing impairment, and inappropriate antibiotic use. Deep learning (DL) may assist clinicians in interpreting otoscopic images. This study included patients over 5 years old from an ambulatory ENT practice in Strasbourg, France, between 2013 and 2020. Digital otoscopic images were obtained using a smartphone-attached otoscope (Smart Scope, Karl Storz, Germany) and labeled by a senior ENT specialist across 11 diagnostic classes (reference standard). An Inception-v2 DL model was trained using 41,664 otoscopic images, and its diagnostic accuracy was evaluated by calculating class-specific estimates of sensitivity and specificity. The model was then incorporated into a smartphone app called i-Nside. The DL model was evaluated on a validation set of 3,962 images and a held-out test set comprising 326 images. On the validation set, all class-specific estimates of sensitivity and specificity exceeded 98%. On the test set, the DL model achieved a sensitivity of 99.0% (95% confidence interval: 94.5–100) and a specificity of 95.2% (91.5–97.6) for the binary classification of normal vs. abnormal images; wax plugs were detected with a sensitivity of 100% (94.6–100) and specificity of 97.7% (95.0–99.1); other class-specific estimates of sensitivity and specificity ranged from 33.3% to 92.3% and 96.0% to 100%, respectively. We present an end-to-end DL-enabled system able to achieve expert-level diagnostic accuracy for identifying normal tympanic aspects and wax plugs within digital otoscopic images. However, the system’s performance varied for other middle-ear conditions. Further prospective validation is necessary before wider clinical deployment.
Standardised and automated assessment of head computed tomography reliably predicts poor functional outcome after cardiac arrest: a prospective multicentre study
Authors: Margareta Lang, Martin Kenda, Michael Scheel, Juha Martola, Matthew Wheeler, Stephanie Owen, Mikael Johnsson, Martin Annborn, Josef Dankiewicz, Nicolas Deye, Joachim Düring, Hans Friberg, Thomas Halliday, Janus Christian Jakobsen, Jean-Baptiste Lascarrou, Helena Levin, Gisela Lilja, Anna Lybeck, Peter McGuigan, Christian Rylander, Victoria Sem, Matthew Thomas, Susann Ullén, Johan Undén, Matt P. Wise, Tobias Cronberg, Johan Wassélius, Niklas Nielsen, Christoph Leithner, Marion Moseby-Knappe
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2024)

Application of standardised and automated assessments of head computed tomography (CT) for neuroprognostication after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
Primary Cytoreduction and Survival for Patients With Less-Common Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Koji Matsuo, Ling Chen, Maximilian Klar, Lynda D. Roman, Anil K. Sood, David M. Gershenson, Jason D. Wright
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

This cohort study examines the association between primary cytoreduction status and survival for patients with less-common, advanced-stage epithelial ovarian carcinoma.
The First Clinical Test for Calcium Release Deficiency Syndrome?
Authors: Gregory M. Marcus, Gregory Curfman, Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo
Journal: JAMA (2024)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Performance of Tumor Surveillance for Children With Cancer Predisposition
Authors: Alise Blake, Melissa R. Perrino, Cara E. Morin, Leslie Taylor, Rose B. McGee, Sara Lewis, Stacy Hines-Dowell, Arti Pandey, Paige Turner, Manish Kubal, Yin Su, Li Tang, Laura Howell, Lynn W. Harrison, Zachary Abramson, Ann Schechter, Noah D. Sabin, Kim E. Nichols
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2024)

Pediatric oncology patients are increasingly recognized as having an underlying cancer predisposition syndrome (CPS). Surveillance is often recommended to detect new tumors at their earliest and most curable stages. Data on the effectiveness and outcomes of surveillance for children with CPS are limited.
The Sequencing Conundrum in Localized Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma—Progress or Passive Acceptance?
Authors: Priyadarshini Pathak, Colin D. Weekes, Rachna T. Shroff
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2024)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Heterostructure Nanozyme with Hyperthermia‐amplified Enzyme‐like Activity and Controlled Silver Release for Synergistic Antibacterial Therapy
Authors: Meng Zhang, Wenhui Yue, Weishuai Ma, Xiaoning Wang, Yuanhong Xu, Aihua Li
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Heterostructure nanozymes as antibiotic-free antimicrobial agents exhibit great potential for multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial strains elimination. However, realization of heterostructure antimicrobials with enhanced interfacial interaction for synergistically amplified antibacterial therapy is still a great challenge. Herein, oxygen-vacancy-enriched glucose modified MoO
High-Risk Suicide Locations in Australia
Authors: Lay San Too, Sangsoo Shin, Suzanne Mavoa, Phillip Cheuk Fung Law, Angela Clapperton, Leo Roberts, Ella Arensman, Matthew J. Spittal, Jane Pirkis
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

Importance Although several interventions have been shown to be effective in preventing suicide at high-risk locations, the potential for these interventions to be deployed is limited by a lack of knowledge about where high-risk locations are and the factors associated with choosing these locations. Objective To identify high-risk suicide locations in Australia and the factors associated with choosing these locations. Design, Setting, and Participants This case-control study included data on individuals who died by suicide in Australia between January 2001 and December 2017, obtained from the National Coronial Information System. Data analysis was conducted from February to December 2021. Exposures Sociodemographic, residential, incident time, and incident location variables. Main Outcomes and Measures The scan statistic was used to detect spatial clusters of suicides in public locations. Suicide locations within significant clusters with at least 0.5 suicides per year were defined as high-risk locations. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the factors associated with choosing a high-risk location. Results Over the study period, 10 701 suicides took place in public places. The individuals who died of suicide in public places included 8602 (80.4%) male individuals, and most were aged 25 to 49 years (5825 [54.5%]). A total of 17 high-risk suicide locations in Australia were detected. These involved 495 suicides, which accounted for 4.6% of suicides in public locations. For suicides at high-risk locations, 82.2% (407 of 495) occurred at cliffs and bridges. Being female (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.73; 95% CI, 1.41-2.13), employed (aOR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.20-2.04), never married (aOR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.26-2.13), and from a major city (aOR, 3.94; 95% CI, 2.94-5.28) were associated with the choice of a high- over low-risk suicide location. High-risk locations tended to be in major cities. Conclusions and Relevance This case-control study found 17 high-risk suicide locations in Australia and the factors associated with the choice of these locations. Actions should be taken to prevent suicide at these locations where possible.
Neoadjuvant SHR-1701 with or without chemotherapy in unresectable stage III non-small-cell lung cancer: A proof-of-concept, phase 2 trial
Authors: Qing Zhou, Yi Pan, Xuening Yang, Yanqiu Zhao, Guang Han, Qingsong Pang, Zhenfa Zhang, Qifeng Wang, Jun Yao, Hui Wang, Weihua Yang, Baogang Liu, Qixun Chen, Xianghui Du, Kaican Cai, Baosheng Li, Yunchao Huang, Xiao Li, Li Song, Wei Shi, Yi-Long Wu
Journal: Cancer Cell (2024)

We conducted a proof-of-concept, phase 2 trial to assess neoadjuvant SHR-1701 with or without chemotherapy, followed by surgery or radiotherapy, and then consolidation SHR-1701 in unresectable stage III non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In the primary cohort of patients receiving neoadjuvant combination therapy (n = 97), both primary endpoints were met, with a post-induction objective response rate of 58% (95% confidence interval [CI] 47–68) and an 18-month event-free survival (EFS) rate of 56.6% (95% CI 45.2–66.5). Overall, 27 (25%) patients underwent surgery; all achieved R0 resection. Among them, 12 (44%) major pathological responses and seven (26%) pathological complete responses were recorded. The 18-month EFS rate was 74.1% (95% CI 53.2–86.7) in surgical patients and 57.3% (43.0–69.3) in radiotherapy-treated patients. Neoadjuvant SHR-1701 with chemotherapy, followed by surgery or radiotherapy, showed promising efficacy with a tolerable safety profile in unresectable stage III NSCLC. Surgical conversion was feasible in a notable proportion of patients and associated with better survival outcomes.
Intratumoral immune triads are required for immunotherapy-mediated elimination of solid tumors
Authors: Gabriel Espinosa-Carrasco, Edison Chiu, Aurora Scrivo, Paul Zumbo, Asim Dave, Doron Betel, Sung Wook Kang, Hee-Jin Jang, Matthew D. Hellmann, Bryan M. Burt, Hyun-Sung Lee, Andrea Schietinger
Journal: Cancer Cell (2024)
A metabolic switch orchestrated by IL-18 and the cyclic dinucleotide cGAMP programs intestinal tolerance
Authors: Randall T. Mertens, Aditya Misra, Peng Xiao, Seungbyn Baek, Joseph M. Rone, Davide Mangani, Kisha N. Sivanathan, Adedamola S. Arojojoye, Samuel G. Awuah, Insuk Lee, Guo-Ping Shi, Boryana Petrova, Jeannette R. Brook, Ana C. Anderson, Richard A. Flavell, Naama Kanarek, Martin Hemberg, Roni Nowarski
Journal: Immunity (2024)