tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Molecular Mechanisms Governing CD8 T Cell Differentiation and Checkpoint Inhibitor Response in Cancer
Authors: Lisa Rausch, Axel Kallies
Journal: Annual Review of Immunology (2025)

CD8 T cells play a critical role in antitumor immunity. However, over time, they often become dysfunctional or exhausted and ultimately fail to control tumor growth. To effectively harness CD8 T cells for cancer immunotherapy, a detailed understanding of the mechanisms that govern their differentiation and function is crucial. This review summarizes our current knowledge of the molecular pathways that regulate CD8 T cell heterogeneity and function in chronic infection and cancer and outlines how T cells respond to therapeutic checkpoint blockade. We explore how T cell–intrinsic and –extrinsic factors influence CD8 T cell differentiation, fate choices, and functional states and ultimately dictate their response to therapy. Identifying cells that orchestrate long-term antitumor immunity and understanding the mechanisms that govern their development and persistence are critical steps toward improving cancer immunotherapy.
Humanized Mouse Systems to Study Viral Infection: A New Era in Immunology Research
Authors: Angela Wahl, J. Victor Garcia
Journal: Annual Review of Immunology (2025)

For decades, scientists have relied on traditional animal models to study viral infection and the immune response. However, these models have limitations, and the search for more accurate and reliable ways to study the human-pathogen interphase has led to the development of humanized mouse systems. These revolutionary models have transformed how we understand viral infection and the human immune system's interactions with viruses to control or exacerbate disease. They are also paving the way for new treatments and therapies. In this article, we explore the history and development of humanized mouse systems and their advantages, limitations, and applications in viral immunology research. We describe the different types of humanized mouse models, including their generation and utility for studying human pathogens, with an emphasis on human-specific viruses. In addition, we discuss areas for further refinement and future applications.
From Cytokines to Tuberculosis and Back: My Journey to Understanding the Immune Response to Infection
Authors: Anne O'Garra
Journal: Annual Review of Immunology (2025)

I felt honored by the invitation to write this autobiography, although it was an arduous task to describe my journey through science: first bacterial adhesion, then cytokine function, and then immune responses in tuberculosis. Since only seven women had been authors of autobiographies for the Annual Review of Immunology , I felt I couldn't refuse to contribute to Volume 43 of the journal. Moreover, this was a good occasion to record my appreciation to all the lab members and collaborators for their contributions over the last 40 years, to remember the exciting times, and to reflect on the obstacles we faced. I often reflect on this line that is commonly attributed to Winston Churchill: Success is not final; failure is not fatal: It is the courage to continue that counts. What kept me going was a burning desire to know how things work and find enjoyment in the discovery. This passion to understand immune responses to infection remains with me to this day. I thank all those I have interacted with for the support and friendship they provided.
Systems Human Immunology and AI: Immune Setpoint and Immune Health
Authors: Yona Lei, John S. Tsang
Journal: Annual Review of Immunology (2025)

The immune system, critical for human health and implicated in many diseases, defends against pathogens, monitors physiological stress, and maintains tissue and organismal homeostasis. It exhibits substantial variability both within and across individuals and populations. Recent technological and conceptual progress in systems human immunology has provided predictive insights that link personal immune states to intervention responses and disease susceptibilities. Artificial intelligence (AI), particularly machine learning (ML), has emerged as a powerful tool for analyzing complex immune data sets, revealing hidden patterns across biological scales, and enabling predictive models for individualistic immune responses and potentially personalized interventions. This review highlights recent advances in deciphering human immune variation and predicting outcomes, particularly through the concepts of immune setpoint, immune health, and use of the immune system as a window for measuring health. We also provide a brief history of AI; review ML modeling approaches, including their applications in systems human immunology; and explore the potential of AI to develop predictive models and personal immune state embeddings to detect early signs of disease, forecast responses to interventions, and guide personalized health strategies.
Author Correction: T cell malignancies after CAR T cell therapy in the DESCAR-T registry
Authors: Remy Dulery, Vincent Guiraud, Sylvain Choquet, Catherine Thieblemont, Emmanuel Bachy, Stéphane Barete, Ève Todesco, Bertrand Arnulf, Nicolas Boissel, André Baruchel, Jacques-Olivier Bay, Steven Le Gouill, Roch Houot
Journal: Nature Medicine (2025)
An injectable hydrogel enhances intratumoral retention and antitumor efficacy of cytokine immunotherapy in murine triple negative breast tumor models
Authors: Siena M Mantooth, Jarred M Green, William D Green, Khue G Nguyen, Kateri A Mantooth, Danielle M Meritet, J Justin Milner, David A Zaharoff
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2025)
Effect of Yoga on Psychological and Spiritual Outcomes in Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials with Meta-Regression
Authors: Naomi Takemura, Krista Ching-Wai Chung, Jojo Yan-Yan Kwok, Daniel Yee Tak Fong
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2025)

Introduction: Psycho-spiritual distress remains one of the most prevalent and pressing concerns throughout the cancer survivorship journey, impacting their existential integrity. Various yoga interventions have been examined for their potential to alleviate this distress, but their effects in cancer patients varied. Methods: We searched seven databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PsycINFO, CINAHL, SportDiscus, and Web of Science) and two clinical trial registries from their inception to October 2024, without language restriction. The randomized control trials (RCTs) that compared the effects of yoga interventions with controls on psychological, spiritual, and emotional well-being among adults with cancer were included. The random effects pooled estimates (Hedges' g) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Heterogeneity was assessed using I2. Moderators were identified through meta-regression. Results: Fifty-five RCTs involving 3,608 participants (2,935 [81.3%] female; mean age range, 46-69 years) were included. Meta-analysis revealed that yoga interventions largely reduced anxiety (Hedges’ g, -0.82; 95% CI, -1.33 to -0.31; I2=88%), moderately-to-largely reduced depression (g, -0.62; 95% CI, -1.06 to -0.19; I2=85%), as well as mildly-to-moderately improved spiritual well-being (g, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.17 to 0.46; I2=0%) and emotional well-being (g, 0.23; 95% CI, 0.02 to 0.45; I2=47%). Conclusion: Yoga effectively reduces anxiety and depression, and improves spiritual well-being and emotional well-being in cancer, underscoring their potential to improve the psychological and spiritual health of this population. More rigorously designed trials are needed to understand the optimal intervention parameters to maximize the effects of yoga on psychological outcomes.
Development and Validation of a Cephalosporin Allergy Clinical Decision Rule
Authors: F Cox, S Vogrin, R P Sullivan, C Stone, G Koo, E Phillips, J Li, S L Fernando, M Al Gassim, E Mitri, J De Luca, M Rose, Chua Kyl, N E Holmes, A M Copaescu, J A Trubiano
Journal: Journal of Infection (2025)
Post-Marketing Safety Analysis of Upadacitinib in Atopic Dermatitis: An FDA Adverse Reporting System (FAERS) Review of Boxed Warning Related Adverse Events
Authors: Aditya Joshi, Lauren Gawey, Muhammad Rahman, Raveena Ghanshani, Khiem A Tran, Jennifer L Hsiao, Vivian Y Shi
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2025)
State and Sociodemographic Trends in US Cigarette Smoking With Future Projections
Authors: Matthew D. Stone, John P. Pierce, Brian Dang, Sara B. McMenamin, Candice D. Donaldson, Xueying Zhang, David R. Strong, Yuyan Shi, Karen Messer, Dennis R. Trinidad
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2025)

Importance There are still significant population-level health consequences of cigarette smoking in US states. Objective To estimate whether differential sociodemographic trends in smoking prevalence since 1992 will close the prevalence gap between states by 2035. Design, Setting, and Participants This cross-sectional study included data from 18 repeated, state-representative US Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Surveys (TUS-CPS) from 1992 to 2022. Data were analyzed between June and October 2024. Main Outcomes and Measures Nonlinear time series trends in smoking prevalence in US states from 1992 to 2022 were projected through 2035 and compared with recommended targets. States were grouped into tertiles using their 1990s prevalence. Differential change in sociodemographic groups were compared across tertiles. Results The 18 surveys comprised 1 770 442 respondents (997 569 female [56.3%]; 146 865 Hispanic [8.3%], 160 751 non-Hispanic Black [9.1%], and 1 373 454 non-Hispanic White [78.0%]). From 1992 to 2022, all state tertiles experienced significant declines in smoking prevalence, each decreasing by approximately 13 percentage points from 2001 to 2022. In 2022, prevalence was 7.4% (95% CI, 6.9% to 7.9%) in tertile 1 (lowest 1990s prevalence), 10.0% (95% CI, 9.2% to 10.8%) in tertile 2, and 12.7% (95% CI, 11.9% to 13.4%) in tertile 3. Projections to 2035 indicated the prevalence gap closing between tertiles, to 3.8% (95% CI, 2.6% to 5.1%) in tertile 1, to 5.1% (95% CI, 3.2% to 7.2%) in tertile 2, and to 6.6% (95% CI, 4.8% to 9.1%) in tertile 3. The only sociodemographic trend that reduced the gap occurred among individuals aged 18 to 24 year (tertile 3 change, −21.3% [95% CI, −24.5% to −18.2%] vs tertile 1 change, −16.4% [95% CI, −18.5% to −14.4%]; P = .005). Yet age was not a significant factor in projected changes, as the decline in the group aged 50 years and older was greater in tertile 1 than 3 (−4.7% [95% CI, −5.7% to −3.8%] vs −2.3% [95% CI, −3.5% to −1.2%]; P &amp;amp;lt; .001). By 2035, only 4 states (California, Utah, Hawaii, and Colorado) were projected to be significantly under the recommended target of 5% prevalence. Conclusions and Relevance The findings of these repeated cross-sectional surveys suggest that the difference in cigarette smoking prevalence between historically high vs low prevalence states will shrink by 2035, primarily from much faster declines among young adults in the traditionally highest prevalence states. Slower prevalence declines among older adults are likely to slow the decline in health consequences in these states.
Cumulative Burden of Digital Health Technologies for Patients With Multimorbidity
Authors: Ngan Thi Thuy Phi, Victor M. Montori, Marleen Kunneman, Philippe Ravaud, Viet-Thi Tran
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2025)

Importance Digital health technologies (DHTs) aiming to monitor, treat, and manage diseases can be prescribed for patients with multimorbidity; yet most DHTs are designed for individual conditions or problems, while approximately half of patients with chronic conditions have multiple chronic conditions. Objectives To identify DHTs approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or listed in the Organisation for the Review of Care and Health Apps (ORCHA) library and prescribable for a hypothetical patient with 5 conditions and to model the number of DHTs this patient should be prescribed to receive benefits health professionals considered important. Evidence Review The FDA databases (Premarket Notification 510(k), Premarket Approval, and De Novo) and the ORCHA App Library from National Health Service Somerset were systematically searched for DHTs registered or updated between January 1, 2019, and December 31, 2022, that could be prescribed to a hypothetical woman with 5 chronic conditions (type 2 diabetes, hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, osteoporosis, and osteoarthritis). After abstracting each DHT’s elementary functions (ie, simple and delineated features to monitor, treat, and/or manage conditions), an assessment was undertaken to determine the fewest DHTs this hypothetical patient should be prescribed to receive benefit from digital functions health professionals considered important. Findings A total of 148 DHTs were identified (68 [46%] from FDA databases), of which 96 (65%) involved devices and 52 (35%) were standalone health apps. Only 5 DHTs (3.4%) were intended for 2 or more conditions. DHTs offered 140 elementary functions, ranging from recording, tracking, or visualizing health parameters to providing information to digital therapeutics with just-in-time interventions. The hypothetical patient would need to be prescribed up to 13 apps and 7 devices (a blood pressure monitor, a smartwatch, a pulse oximeter, a connected weight scale, a sensor-attached inhaler to monitor adherence, a lung function monitor, and a blood glucose sensor) to receive benefits from 28 functions at least 3 of 5 health professionals considered important. Conclusions and Relevance This systematic review found that almost all prescribable DHTs were developed for a single condition or problem. Thus, patients with multiple chronic conditions would have to routinize many DHTs concurrently in daily life to benefit from digital functions health professionals considered important.
Alcohol Use Disorder Diagnoses Among Individuals Who Take HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis
Authors: Anton L. V. Avanceña, Godwin Okoye, Rishit Yokananth, Aliza Norwood, Phillip W. Schnarrs
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2025)

Importance Alcohol use disorder (AUD) may negatively affect preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) adherence and continuation, reducing PrEP effectiveness. Objective To estimate the prevalence of and and factors associated with AUD diagnoses among commercially insured individuals who take PrEP. Design, Setting, and Participants This retrospective cohort study used US health care claims data to identify individuals aged 16 to 64 years who received at least 1 new PrEP prescription between January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2021. Data were analyzed from June 2024 to February 2025. Exposure Sociodemographic characteristics included patient age, sex, geographic location, employment status, and type of health insurance. Clinical characteristics included sexually transmitted infection (STI) diagnosis and testing, use of psychotherapy services, and diagnosis of other mental health conditions. Main Outcomes and Measures The main outcome was an AUD diagnosis within 6 months before or after the date of PrEP initiation. Among individuals with an AUD diagnosis, receipt of medications for AUD (MAUDs), including Food and Drug Administration (FDA)–approved MAUDs (acamprosate, disulfiram, and oral and injectable naltrexone) and non–FDA-approved MAUDs (baclofen, gabapentin, and topiramate) was determined. Results The study cohort included 43 913 individuals receiving PrEP (mean [SD] age, 35.8 [10.94] years; 35 027 [90.1%] male assigned at birth). There were 6274 individuals (14.29%) who had an AUD diagnosis, with 1245 (2.84%) and 5029 (11.45%) receiving their diagnosis before and after PrEP initiation, respectively. The sociodemographic and clinical factors that were associated with an AUD diagnosis were similar whether AUD was diagnosed before or after PrEP initiation, including male sex assigned at birth (before: adjusted odds ratio [aOR], aOR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.52-0.73; after: aOR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.73-0.90) and the presence of other mental health diagnoses such as depression (before: aOR, 3.26; 95% CI, 2.78-3.84; after: aOR, 3.17; 95% CI, 2.88-3.49), anxiety (before: aOR, 2.16; 95% CI, 1.83-2.55; after: aOR, 2.24; 95% CI, 2.04-2.46), and any substance use disorder (before: aOR, 14.54; 95% CI, 12.46-16.96; after: aOR, 13.09; 95% CI, 11.82-14.49). There were 531 individuals with AUD diagnosis (8.46%) who received an FDA-approved MAUD and 883 (14.07%) who had a claim for a non–FDA-approved MAUD. Conclusions and Relevance This population-based cohort study found that nearly 15% of individuals who took PrEP had an AUD diagnosis within 6 months of PrEP initiation; individuals with an AUD diagnosis were more likely to have co-occurring mental health conditions, and less than 9% received any FDA-approved MAUD. These findings suggest that interventions are needed to improve AUD services among individuals who take PrEP.
Gastric-mucus penetrating and responsive microgels for alleviating Helicobacter pylori-induced gastritis
Authors: Xing Li, Jipeng Zhang, Xiangyu Liu, Zijian Wu, Zhipeng Yu, Wen Zhang, Yuanzhi Wang, Zekun Li, Martien A Cohen Stuart, Leonard M C Sagis, Minchun Lv, Jie Xiao, Yuan Li
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2025)
Heart failure in patients with a systemic right ventricle: A multicentre study with long‐term follow‐up
Authors: Mohammad Mostafa Ansari Ramandi, Werner Budts, Jolien W. Roos‐Hesselink, Willem A. Helbing, Anastasia D. Egorova, Berto J. Bouma, Anthonie Duijnhouwer, Roland van Kimmenade, Gertjan T. Sieswerda, Thelma C. Konings, Lodewijk J. Wagenaar, Joey F.A. Ubachs, Rolf M.F. Berger, Elke S. Hoendermis, Adriaan A. Voors, Joost P. van Melle
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2025)
Effects of parental autoimmune diseases on type 1 diabetes in offspring can be partially explained by HLA and non-HLA polymorphisms
Authors: Feiyi Wang, Aoxing Liu, Zhiyu Yang, Pekka Vartiainen, Sakari Jukarainen, Satu Koskela, Richard Oram, Lowri Allen, Jarmo Ritari, Jukka Partanen, Markus Perola, Tiinamaija Tuomi, Andrea Ganna
Journal: Cell Genomics (2025)
A novel CD44-targeting aptamer recognizes chemoresistant mesenchymal stem-like TNBC cells and inhibits tumor growth
Authors: Alessandra Caliendo, Simona Camorani, Luis Exequiel Ibarra, Gabriella Pinto, Lisa Agnello, Sandra Albanese, Antonietta Caianiello, Anna Illiano, Rosaria Festa, Vincenzo Ambrosio, Giosuè Scognamiglio, Monica Cantile, Angela Amoresano, Monica Fedele, Antonella Zannetti, Laura Cerchia
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2025)
B cell-derived acetylcholine promotes liver regeneration by regulating Kupffer cell and hepatic CD8+ T cell function
Authors: Nastaran Fazel Modares, Liam D Hendrikse, Logan K Smith, Michael St Paul, Jillian Haight, Ping Luo, Shaofeng Liu, Jerome Fortin, Frances K Tong, Andrew C Wakeham, Soode Moghadas Jafari, Chunxing Zheng, Mackenzie Buckland, Robert Flick, Jennifer Silvester, Thorsten Berger, Troy Ketela, Simone Helke, Erica Foffi, Raheleh Niavarani, Ryan Mcwilliam, Mary E Saunders, Isabelle Colonna, Bruna Araujo David, Tashi Rastogi, Woo-Yong Lee, Paul Kubes, Tak W Mak
Journal: Immunity (2025)
p-AKT protein expression predicts response to AKT inhibitor combined with docetaxel therapy in adenocarcinoma and neuroendocrine prostate cancer
Authors: Hipacia Werneck Gomes, Natalie L. Lister, Shivakumar Keerthikumar, Birunthi Niranjan, Michelle G. Richards, Andrew Ryan, Edmond M. Kwan, Gail P. Risbridger, Renea A. Taylor
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2025)

Abstract Purpose: AKT inhibitors, such as capivasertib, have shown activity in specific patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer when combined with docetaxel, although none have been approved. While PTEN loss is often linked to AKT pathway activation and response to AKT inhibitors, clinical trials show no consistent association. This study uses patient-tumor models to identify biomarkers associated with an effective response to AKT inhibitor plus docetaxel. Experimental Design: Targeted DNA sequencing and immunostaining for PTEN and p-AKT(Ser473) was assessed in 39 prostate cancer patient-derived xenografts (PDXs), including adenocarcinoma and neuroendocrine phenotypes. Matching PDX-derived organoids were used to evaluate the functional effects of capivasertib and docetaxel on in vitro tumor growth. Results: p-AKT protein expression varied widely across PDX models and showed no correlation with PTEN/PI3K/AKT mutations or PTEN protein levels. Neuroendocrine tumors displayed higher p-AKT expression than adenocarcinomas. Knockdown of AKT1 in neuroendocrine organoids increased sensitivity to docetaxel, while AKT1 overexpression decreased it. In three out of seven organoids tested, the combination of capivasertib and docetaxel produced a synergistic effect, resulting in greater growth inhibition than either agent alone. These responsive organoids exhibited a neuroendocrine phenotype and high p-AKT expression, consistent with a predictive response. Conclusions: Our preclinical findings indicate that p-AKT protein expression, rather than PTEN, may be a more reliable predictor of response to AKT inhibition combined with docetaxel. Using p-AKT as a parameter, we uncovered the efficacy of this combination in neuroendocrine prostate cancer, highlighting the potential to refine patient selection criteria for future clinical trials.