tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2397: Morbidity and Mortality of Transthyretin (TTR) Amyloid Cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM): Transthyretin Amyloidosis Cardiac Study (TRACS) a Prospective Evaluation
Authors: Frederick L Ruberg, Martha Skinner, Antony Y Kim, Steven Zeldenrust, Daniel Judge, Mathew Maurer, Rodney H Falk, Kenneth J Tripp, Jeff Packman, Donna Grogan
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: ATTR-CM is believed to have a relatively indolent course, with a median survival of ~5 years from heart failure symptoms; however, no data exist as to the rate of progression after disease diagnosis. ATTR-CM is associated with genetic variants, including V122I (present in ~ 3.5% of African Americans), or wild-type TTR (senile systemic amyloidosis - SSA). While there is no effective treatment other than heart transplantation, therapies designed to slow or halt amyloid deposition are in development. The purpose of this study was to characterize the natural history of ATTR-CM to support future therapeutic trials. Methods: Patients with ATTR-CM due to V122I (n = 11) and SSA (n = 18), were enrolled 10.4 ± 11.9 months after diagnosis (range: 0 – 60 months) and assessed every 6 months for up to two years by echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), with functional capacity assessed by 6-minute walk, and biochemical profile including cardiac troponins and NT-pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP). Baseline data from the full cohort (n = 29), and available data from those completing the 12 month assessment (n = 15) are presented for this on-going study. Results : At baseline, both groups were similar in terms of gender, duration of disease from diagnosis, NYHA, troponin/NT-BNP, and echo or CMR-measured LV wall thickness. SSA patients were older (mean age 76 vs. 71y, P = 0.03), Caucasian (100% vs 0%, P &lt; 0.001), with a history of atrial fibrillation (83% vs. 27%, p = 0.003). During a mean follow-up of 442 days (30–768), there have been 7 deaths (4 V122I; 3 SSA) and 1 cardiac transplantation (SSA), and 10 of 29 (34.5%) were hospitalized at least once (90% for cardiac reasons). For those subjects with a 12 month assessment, LV ejection fraction declined by echo (2.8 %) and CMR (12 %), with minimal changes in wall thickness. Increases were seen in NT-Pro-BNP (87%) and troponin (I: 186%; T: 70%). Worsening of NYHA class occurred in 43% of patients; 6-minute walk distance decreased by 19.2%. Conclusions : Despite reports of a relatively indolent course of ATTR-CM, preliminary data from this ongoing study are the first to demonstrate that quantifiable noninvasive parameters worsen over a 1 year follow up period and are associated with adverse clinical outcomes.
Reduced platelet monoamine oxidase activity in a subgroup of schizophrenic patients
Authors: J J Schildkraut, J M Herzog, P J Orsulak, S E Edelman, H M Shein, S H Frazier
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1976)

Platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity was significantly lower than control values in a subgroup of 16 schizophrenic patients (most of whom were paranoid) characterized by the presence of auditory hallucinations and delusions. Platelet MAO activity was not reduced in 16 other schizophrenic patients without auditory hallucinations. This finding suggests that reduced platelet MAO activity is not found in all schizophrenic patients but tends to occur in a clinically identifiable subgroup.
Bortezomib (Btz) Dose Intensity Is the Strongest Predictor for Overall Survival (OS) in Mantle Cell Lymphoma (MCL) Patients (Pts) Not Considered for Transplantation, Receiving Frontline Btz Plus Rituximab, Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, and Prednisone (VR-CAP) Therapy in the Phase 3 LYM-3002 Study
Authors: Tadeusz Robak, Huiqiang Huang, Jie Jin, Jun Zhu, Ting Liu, Olga S Samoilova, Halyna Pylypenko, Gregor Verhoef, Noppadol Siritanaratkul, Evgenii A Osmanov, Julia Alexeeva, Juliana Pereira, Jiri Mayer, Xiaonan Hong, Yoshiharu Maeda, Lixia Pei, Brendan Rooney, Helgi van de Velde, Franco Cavalli
Journal: Blood (2014)
Abstract 17528: Quantitative MRI Assessment of LV Structural Remodeling and Fibrosis Formation in Canine Models of Chronic Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Kyung P Hong, Eugene G Kholmovski, Derek J Dosdall, Eric C Huang, Sathya Vijayakumar, Michelle Fitts, Christopher J McGann, Ravi Ranjan, Nassir F Marrouche, Daniel Kim
Journal: Circulation (2012)
The broad role of Ego Functions Assessment
Authors: L Bellak, M Sheehy
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1976)

The need for accurate assessment and accountability is of paramount professional concern to psychiatry. The authors state that ego functions assessment (EFA) is reliable and valid quantitative technique, useful for these purposes in a variety of psychiatric settings. They suggest the various uses of EFA in five such areas: Professional Standards Review Organizations (PSRO) and third-party funding, forensic psychiatry and legal responsibility, the monitoring of psychotherapeutic drugs, research and planning in psychotherapy, and psychological testing. The authors condlude the EFA is a dynamically sophisticated and easily learned form of mental status examination and that its refinement by extensive use and simplification is likely.
Abstract 4237: Advances in Parametric 3D Echocardiography in Quantitative Estimation of Dobutamine Stress Induced Ischemia
Authors: Masood Ahmad, Meneleo Dimaano, Connie Xie
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Segmental and quantitative estimation of Dobutamine stress induced ischemia is now possible by 3D subtraction contraction front mapping (CFM - bulls eye dynamic plot of LV contraction measured every 25 msec, TomTec). Parametric 3D images of the LV segments were obtained at baseline and at peak Dobutamine stress in 68 pts (age 45 – 89 yrs). SDI (standard deviation of the time to peak contraction in 16 segments) and % delayed segments (% pixels activated after peak global systolic volume) were measured. Stress and baseline maps were subtracted pixel by pixel to obtain a subtraction CFM for measurement of stress induced ischemia. Figure shows baseline, peak stress and subtraction contraction front maps; blue - normal activation, red - delayed activation, purple - stress induced ischemia. Out of 45 pts with CAD, stress induced LV wall motion abnormality was seen in 2D Dobutamine stress echo in 34 pts (sensitivity 75%) compared to a &gt; 10% increase in 3D SDI in 32 pts, (mean ± SD, SDI, 0.55 ± 0.4 at baseline, 0.63 ± 0.03 at peak, sensitivity 71%). In 23 pts without CAD, SDI decreased from 0.53 ± 0.02 at baseline to 0.3 ± 0.02 at peak, 2D DSE was negative in 21 pts and nondiagnostic in 2 pts. Percent ischemic segments (difference between stress and baseline segmental activation shown in purple in the subtraction map) were 9.62 ± 4.2 in pts with CAD compared to − 0.37 ± 3.48 in pts without CAD (p &lt; 0.01) Dobutamine stress induced delay in LV segmental activation in pts with CAD can be mapped, quantified and displayed in real time. The technique provides an alternative 3D measurement of stress induced ischemia.
Abstract P207: Medication Use for Secondary Stroke Prevention and Vascular RIsk Factor Modification Remains Low Among Americans
Authors: Karen C Albright, Rikki M Tanner, Amelia K Boehme, T. Mark Beasley
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: With a US prevalence of 795,000 strokes per year and stroke recurrence rates up to 20%, the objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of prescription medication use for secondary stroke prevention and vascular risk factor modification among noninstitutionalized US adults and compare medication use in Whites and Blacks. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed as part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009-2010. Demographic, disease, and prescription medication use were obtained via a standardized interview. Participants were asked if they had ever been told by a health professional that they had hypertension, diabetes, high cholesterol, or a stroke. Additionally, participants were asked if they had taken or used any prescription medicine in the past month as well as the names of each prescription medication. Statistical analyses used NHANES sample weights to provide prevalence estimates for the US population. Results: Among 11,375 participants (21% Black, 47.6% men, age 20-80), medication use for secondary stroke prevention and vascular risk factors remained low (Table 1). Participants who reported taking either an antiplatelet agent or an anticoagulant with a history of stroke remained low (7.9% Whites vs 6.2% Blacks). More Blacks with hypertension reported taking blood pressure lowering agents (38.9 vs 36.1% Whites). Diabetic medication use was lower in Blacks reporting a history of diabetes (24.5 vs 25.7% Whites). Medication use rates were lowest in participants reporting high cholesterol, with more Whites reporting use of a cholesterol lowering medication (19.3 vs 14.6%; p&lt;0.001). Conclusion: Despite the prevalence of stroke and vascular risk factors, only a small proportion of people at risk are on medications for secondary stroke prevention and vascular risk factor modification. Overall, Blacks were taking fewer medications for secondary stroke prevention and vascular risk factor modification with the exception of anti-hypertension medication.
Atherosclerosis of the aorta: Risk factor, risk marker, or innocent bystander?
Authors: Irene Meissner, Bijoy K. Khandheria, Sheldon G. Sheps, Gary L. Schwartz, David O. Wiebers, Jack P. Whisnant, Jody L. Covalt, Tanya M. Petterson, Teresa J.H. Christianson, Yoram Agmon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Drug-induced systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: A Weinstein
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Despite some confusion in the literature, drug-induced SLE is a well defined reversible clinical entity. The lupus syndromes induced by procainamide, hydralazine, and isoniazid have been well studied and the data obtained have been convincing. Other drugs may also induce a lupus syndrome, but adequate prospective studies have not been done. Furthermore, many other drugs previously incriminated appear to activate spontaneous SLE rather than induce the de novo lupus syndrome. The mechanism by which procainamide, hydralazine, and isoniazid exert their effect is not known, and animal studies have been unrewarding. However, hydralazine and procainamide are capable of complexing with nuclear antigens in vitro and possibly in vivo and may evoke antinuclear antibody responses in this way. A number of defined factors influence the development of the clinical syndrome, including the cumulative drug dosage, the acetylator phenotype of the individual, and the biochemical nature of the drug. Studies to date have not revealed how these drugs induce the clinical disease. While these agents may induce antinuclear antibodies in many individuals, genetic influences may be important in determining which patients will develop clinical symptoms. Further study of drug-induced systemic lupus erythematosus is necessary in order to resolve these problems regarding pathogenesis. The resolution of these problems may shed light on the pathogenesis of spontaneous SLE.
Abstract 11729: Midkine Exacerbates Cardiac Hypertrophy and Remodeling in Response to Pressure Overload
Authors: Shunsuke Netsu, Tetsuro Shishido, Mitsunori Ishino, Shinpei Kadowaki, Taro Narumi, Yoichiro Otaki, Akira Funayama, Shintaro Honda, Hiromasa Hasegawa, Satoshi Nishiyama, Hiroki Takahashi, Takanori Arimoto, Takehiko Miyashita, Takuya Miyamoto, Tetsu Watanabe, Isao Kubota
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Midkine (MK) is a heparin-binding growth factor having various functions such as promotion of inflammatory cell migration and anti-apoptotic effect through mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) a...
Abstract 4016: Does Prasugrel Provide a Clinically Important Treatment Benefit Compared with Clopidogrel? A Bayesian Analysis of TRITON-TIMI 38
Authors: Sanjay Kaul, Prediman K Shah, George A Diamond
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: In contrast to the conventional frequentist analysis, the Bayesian method is ideally suited to provide a quantitative estimate of a given magnitude of treatment benefit or harm. Objective: A reappraisal, with emphasis on both statistical significance and clinical importance, of the recently reported TRITON-TIMI 38 trial that compared prasugrel with clopidogrel in ACS patients scheduled for PCI. Methods: Posterior probabilities (Pr) that the relative difference (d) in benefit and risk is greater than the putative threshold value for clinical importance (d&gt;0% to 20%) were derived from a Bayesian analysis using an uninformative or “agnostic” prior (log mean RR, = 0, SD = 2) and empirical evidence from TRITON-TIMI 38. Results (Table ) : Although the Pr(d&gt;0%) and Pr(d&gt;10%) difference in the primary endpoint are 100% and 97.5%, respectively, the Pr(d&gt;20%), the “minimum clinically important difference” that the study was powered to detect, is only 40%. Similar patterns are observed with all-cause death/MI/CVA. The Pr(d&gt;10%) harm (for either TIMI major or TIMI major plus minor bleeding) exceeds 90%, and Pr (d&gt;20%) harm exceeds 65%. The Pr(d&gt;20%) harm exceeds the Pr(d&gt;20%) benefit. Combining ischemic endpoints and TIMI major bleeding into net clinical benefit, the Pr(d&gt;10%) benefit is &lt;80% and Pr(d&gt;20%) benefit is &lt;5%. If TIMI major plus minor bleeding is included, the probability of net clinical benefit with prasugrel therapy is reduced even further (&lt;5% for d&gt;10% and &lt;1% for d&gt;20%). Conclusions: The probability of clinically important benefit associated with prasugrel treatment in TRITON-TIMI 38 is far less than that implied by conventional statistical significance. Bayesian analysis provides a useful tool in quantifying clinically meaningful difference. Ultimately, the clarity of the balance between “clinically important”, not just “statistically significant”, benefit or harm should influence guideline recommendations and treatment decisions. Bayesian Analysis of TRITON-TIMI 38 Trial
Abstract 4705: Detection of Significant Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery Disease in Pacemaker Dependent Patients Utilizing Real Time Perfusion Imaging During Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography
Authors: Jayanthi Koneru, Saritha Dodla, Feng Xie, Edward O’Leary, Thomas R Porter
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Non-invasive methods of detecting left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients who are pacemaker dependent (PD) are limited because of right ventricular (RV)-pacing induced left ventricular wall thickening (WT) abnormalities involving the septum and apex. Real time perfusion echocardiography (RTPE) analyzes myocardial blood flow (MBF) changes with high resolution (&lt;2 mm) during intravenous (IV) infusions of ultrasound contrast, and can potentially identify whether significant LAD is present in PD patients during dobutamine stress (DS). 54 consecutive PD patients who were being evaluated for CAD using DS echocardiography with RTPE were identified. Dobutamine was infused to 30 u/kg/min, but had to be combined with incremental RV pacing to achieve 85% predicted maximum heart rate. Perfusion and WT in the septum and apex were assessed at rest and at peak DS. MBF in the LAD territory was considered abnormal if a &gt;4 second delay in contrast replenishment occurred during a continuous 3% Definity infusion at rest, or &gt;2 second delay at peak DS. Quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) was performed to assess for significant CAD (&gt;50% diameter stenosis considered significant). Outcomes were analyzed by examining coronary events (death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, or need for coronary revascularization) at a median follow-up of 20 months post DS. WT abnormalities in the septum and apex due to RV pacing were noted in 43 of the patients (80%), while the remaining patients exhibited normal WT. Of those with pacing-induced WT abnormalities, 25 (58%) had a MBF abnormality at peak stress, while 18 (42%) had normal myocardial contrast enhancement. Overall, the positive predictive value (PPV) of abnormal MBF by RTPE for the detection of LAD CAD in PD patients was 85%. Patients with a MBF abnormality in the LAD territory by RTPE had a coronary event rate of 17 % at follow up, while patients with normal MBF responses during DS had no events at follow up (negative predictive value 100%). RTPE is helpful in detecting CAD in the LAD territory of patients who are PD. A normal MBF response predicts an excellent cardiac outcome, irrespective of WT responses.
Fortnightly Review: Discussion
Authors: W A Wallace, T Wong, A O'Bichere, B W Ellis
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Meticulous screening and preparation of air travellers with known ailments would prevent most in flight emergencies if passengers at risk sought a medical opinion about their suitability for travel.1 In the absence of declared symptoms, however, the prediction of a potentially fatal condition at altitude is difficult if not impossible in a young patient apparently fit to fly. A useful review of the particular medical risks to be considered before travel by air is provided by Skjenna.1

Medical emergencies among airline passengers and staff during flight are not common: serious in flight events occur once in every 753 flights (about 1 per 40000 passengers).2 In 1994 British Airways health services logged all 2078 medical incidents occurring on British Airways flights, ranging from headache to myocardial infarct. Most of these were dealt with by cabin staff without calling for help from a doctor or nurse on board. In 559 cases help was given by a doctor or nurse responding to such a call; …
Abstract 16295: Digital Assessment of Peripheral Endothelial Function for the Risk Stratification in Patients With Hypertension
Authors: Yasushi Matsuzawa, Seigo Sugiyama, Hitoshi Sumida, Koichi Sugamura, Toshimitsu Nozaki, Keisuke Ohba, Masaaki Konishi, Junichi Matsubara, Eiichi Akiyama, Satomi Iwashita, Kunihiko Matsui, Satoshi Umemura, Kazuo Kimura, Hisao Ogawa
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Hypertension (HT) is the major risk factor of coronary artery disease (CAD), however all HT patients were not equally predisposed to coronary aterothrombotic complications. Endothelial ...
Abstract 2666: Randomized Controlled Trial to Compare High-Dose N-Acetylcystein Versus Placebo to Prevent Contrast-Induced Nephropathy and Myocardial Reperfusion Injury in Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Holger Thiele, Ingo Eitel, Lysann Hildebrand, Carmen Schirdewahn, Volker Adams, Georg Fürnau, Eigk Grebe, Matthias Gutberlet, Gerhard Schuler
Journal: Circulation (2008)

STEMI patients undergoing PCI are at high risk for contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) because of hemodynamic instability and lack of effective prophylaxis. High-dose N-Acetylcystein (N-ACC) reduced the incidence of CIN in patients with high contrast volumes. In addition, previous animal trials showed that the antioxidant effects of N-ACC reduce reperfusion injury. Aim of this randomized, controlled, single-blinded trial was to assess the effects of N-ACC on CIN and reperfusion injury in patients undergoing primary PCI with moderate contrast volumes. Two hundred-fifty patients undergoing primary PCI were randomized to either high-dose N-ACC (2x1200 mg/d for 48 hours) or placebo plus optimal hydratation. The two primary endpoints were: 1) occurrence of CIN defined as an increase in the serum creatinine concentration of &gt;25% from the baseline value within 72 h; 2) Myocardial salvage measured by T2-weighted STIR-images and delayed enhancement MRI at day 2– 4 after primary PCI. Secondary endpoints were infarct size and microvascular obstruction, ST-resolution at 90 minutes and occurrence of MACE at 30 day follow-up. The median volume of an isoosmolar contrast agent during PCI was 190 ml (IQR 130, 250 ml) in the N-ACC and 180 (IQR 143; 228 ml) in the placebo group (p=n.s.). Baseline creatinine and creatinine clearance were 88 vs 86 μmol/l and 90 vs 95 ml/min, respectively. The primary endpoint CIN occurred in 14% in the N-ACC group and in 18% in the placebo group (p=n.s.). The primary endpoint reperfusion injury measured by myocardial salvage was also not different between both treatment groups (25.4%; IQR 14.1; 38.1 versus 22.5%; IQR 16.8; 36.5; p=n.s.). In addition, no differences in infarct size and microvascular obstruction as well as in ST-segment resolution were observed. The MACE rate after N-ACC was similar to placebo (19.4% versus 19.4%, p=n.s.). Lipid peroxidation as a marker for oxidative stress was reduced by 20% in the N-ACC group (p&lt;0.05), whereas no change was evident in placebo. High-dose N-ACC reduces oxidative stress. However, it does not provide an additional clinical benefit to placebo with respect to CIN and prevention of myocardial reperfusion injury in patients undergoing PCI with moderate doses of contrast medium and optimal hydratation.
Gene test could help detect colorectal cancer
Authors: Scott Gottlieb
Journal: BMJ (2001)

DNA from colorectal cancer cells that have been shed can be isolated from faeces and tested for the presence of most colorectal cancers using three genetic mutations associated with tumours, a new study says.

Dr Jin Jen, from the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland, and colleagues, developed a method of purifying DNA from stool samples and then compared paired DNA samples from stools and tumours from 51 patients with colorectal cancer. They looked specifically for three gene mutations commonly found in colorectal cancer: TP53, BAT26, and K-RAS ( Journal of the National …
Cost-Effectiveness of Imatinib Versus Interferon-α in the Treatment of Patients Newly Diagnosed with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, under the Brazilian Public Healthcare System Perspective.
Authors: Fábio Mataveli, Alessandra Calabró, Wellington Mendes, Denizar Vianna, Pedro Dorlhiac-Llacer, Ricardo Bigni, Vania Hungria
Journal: Blood (2006)
Abstract 2764: Clinical Phenotype of Japanese LQT3 Form of Congenital Long QT Syndrome by Location of Mutation from Japanese Multicenter Registry
Authors: Kenichiro Yamagata, Minoru Horie, Satoshi Ogawa, Yoshifusa Aizawa, Tohru Ohe, Masakazu Yamagishi, Naomasa Makita, Toshihiro Tanaka, Masaharu Akao, Masao Yoshinaga, Hideo Okamura, Takashi Noda, Yoshihiro Miyamoto, Shiro Kamakura, Wataru Shimizu
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: Effects of location of mutation on clinical phenotype in a large scale of patients with LQT3 syndrome are unclear. Methods and Results: Forty-nine patients (male=30, proband=25) with an SCN5A mutation were retrospectively studied from a Japanese multicenter registry and divided into patients with mutations located in the transmembrane (TM) portion and the non-transmembrane (non-TM) portion. Although there was no significant difference in the QTc interval between the two groups (478±78 vs. 508±37ms; p=0.079), both cumulative cardiac event rates and lethal cardiac event (VF and/or aborted cardiac arrest) rates were significantly higher in the TM group (Figure , p=0.006, p=0.007, respectively). By performing the multivariate analysis, longer QTc interval and the TM group was an independent risk factor for cardiac events (QTc≥500ms vs. QTc&lt;500ms; hazard ratio=5.612, p=0.05, TM vs. non-TM; hazard ratio=15.234, p=0.009). Conclusion: In this multicenter study, Japanese LQT3 patients with mutations located in the transmembrane portion were at higher risk for cardiac events.
Abstract 14006: VEGF Signaling Enhances Endothelial Differentiation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells: Invitro and in vivo Characterization
Authors: Zeeshan Pasha, Khawaja H Haider, Ning Li, Muhammad Ashraf
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: We have previously reported spontaneous cardiac differentiation of skeletal myoblast derived iPS cells generated by our novel non viral epigenetic approach. Given the pivotal role of va...
被动吸烟与认知障碍 可能相关，但是仍需进一步研究证实
Authors: Mark, Eisner, 赵伟立
Journal: BMJ (2009)

研究证实，被动吸烟（暴露于二手烟）是引发冠心病、肺癌和过早死亡的原因之一。日益增多的证据也表明，被动吸烟与包括哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺疾病和肺功能损伤的气道疾病相关联24。基于以上信息和其他对健康的严重影响，北美洲、欧洲和澳大利亚已推行无烟立法。然而，世界上仍有很多地方的数以百万人在公共场所被动吸烟。从全世界范围来讲，被动吸烟是造成疾病实质负担、残疾和死亡的重要原因。在这种背景下，Llewellyn和同事们进行了被动吸烟的关联研究（doi：10．1136／bmj．b462，见本刊第211页），并将认知障碍添加到被动吸烟对健康产生不利影响的清单中。