tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 422: Transcoronary Delivery of a Novel Alginate-Based Biomaterial Improves Cardiac Remodeling and Function after Myocardial Infarction in Pig
Authors: Jonathan Leor, Victor Guetta, Ivan Horvath, Frenz Manzur, Tamas Simor, Zsolt Petrasi, Inbar Freeman, Micha S Feinberg, Shmuel Tuvia, Smadar Cohen
Journal: Circulation (2007)

BACKGROUND: Injection of a designer biomaterial scaffold to replace the injured extracellular matrix (ECM) can enhance mechanical strength of the scar and may have an instructive role for cell assembling during healing and repair of the infarct. The present study aimed to determine the feasibility and efficacy of transcoronary injection of a novel, resorbable, alginate-based biomaterial to repair the infarcted myocardium. METHODS AND RESULTS : We developed a novel calcium cross-linked alginate solution with the unique capacity to undergo phase transition into a hydrogel after injection into the infarct thereby acting as a mechanical tissue stabilizer. To test this new biomaterial solution in MI model, anterior MI was induced in domestic pigs (n = 9) by percutaneous, 90 min occlusion of mid LAD coronary artery. At 3– 4 days after MI, the biomaterial (2 ml) was injected selectively into the infarct through the infarct-related artery. To track the injected biomaterial, biotin-labeled cross-linked alginate was used. A few hours later, the hearts were harvested and histological examination showed that the alginate solution infiltrated into the infarct and transformed into hydrogel implant. Serial echocardiography and MRI studies were performed in another group of MI pigs (n = 21) treated with intracoronary injection of the alginate solution (1,2 and 4 ml) or saline (control), before and 2 months after injection. At 2 months, alginate biomaterial solution prevented LV diastolic dilatation, compared with control (0.3 ± 3.9 vs. 44.3 ± 8.1%; p&lt;0.001). Furthermore, alginate injection reversed LV systolic dilatation, compared with control (−12.2 ± 6.3 vs. 48.1 ± 22.1; p&lt;0.001), and improved global and regional LV function. Postmortem analysis showed that the alginate biomaterial injection increased scar thickness, compared with control (3 ± 0.2 vs. 1.9 ± 0.3 mm; p&lt;0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The present study shows, for the first time that transcoronary injection of alginate biomaterial solution is safe and effective in preventing LV remodeling and dysfunction after MI. Our findings suggest a new catheter-based, acellular option to facilitate myocardial repair and prevent adverse remodeling and dysfunction.
Hodgkin's and Non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas.
Authors: P Hartge, S S Devesa, J F Fraumeni
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Incidence of HD varies from about 0.5 per 100,000 person-years in parts of Asia to over 3 in parts of North America. In recent decades, many registries have reported slightly declining age adjusted incidence among men and women. Some lymphomas previously diagnosed as HD now would be classified as NHL, but this shift does not explain all of the decline. When analysed by age group, incidence has decreased substantially at older ages, whereas increases have been reported among young adults in some industrial countries. Less developed countries continue to show high rates in childhood. Hodgkin's disease of the nodular sclerosis subtype has increased over time, whereas HD of mixed cellularity has declined. Improved therapy for HD has led to sharply declining mortality rates, but further understanding of the role of EBV and other possible causal agents should afford opportunities for prevention. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma stands out from most other malignancies because incidence and mortality rates have risen dramatically, steadily and almost universally during the past few decades. Incidence overall has been rising 3-4% per year. No sudden rise has occurred in specific birth cohorts or calendar year of diagnosis, although incidence rates have increased more steeply at older ages. Diagnosis of NHL has improved with time, perhaps beyond the ways considered herein, but has it improved so much more than diagnosis of other malignancies, and roughly simultaneously around the world? Although it appears that diagnostic improvements are partly responsible for the upward trend, it is likely that aetiological factors are playing an important part. Infections with HIV have started to inflate NHL incidence rates further but cannot account for the striking trend already under way for several decades. Clues should be vigorously pursued to determine the role of other known viruses, immunosuppressive states, herbicides and other chemicals in the environment, and commercial products such as hair dyes. To clarify reasons for the upward trends and to take preventive action will require a better understanding of the origins of the lymphomas through epidemiological research, including interdisciplinary approaches that can identify new viruses, host-environmental interactions and lifestyle and other exposures that alter susceptibility.
Abstract 5362: Inhibition Of The Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Transactivation By The Angiotensin II Type I Receptor Prevents Compensatory Cardiac Hypertrophy And Worsens Cardiac Function Following Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Jonathan Galeotti, Chiao Po Hsu, Peiyong Zhai, Junichi Sadoshima
Journal: Circulation (2008)

The angiotensin II type I receptor (AT1R) has been shown to activate the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). However, the downstream effects of this activation have not yet been elucidated in the heart. To examine the function of the AT1R-EGFR pathway, we have created an AT1R mutant in which amino acid 319 is mutated from tyrosine to phenylalanine (Y319F). The Y319F mutant lacks the ability to transactivate the EGFR. We generated transgenic lines overexpressing either wild type AT1R (Tg-WT) or Y319F (Tg-Y319F) only in the heart with similar levels of overexpression, and evaluated the contribution of the AT1R-EGFR pathway to cardiac responses against stress. Under baseline conditions at 3 months of age, cardiac function of Tg-WT and Tg-Y319F was not significantly different from non-transgenic mice (NTg) except that Tg-WT showed mild left ventricular hypertrophy. To examine the role of the AT1R-EGFR pathway under stress, we induced myocardial infarction (MI) by permanently ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery. Four weeks after MI, increases in heart weight/tibia length (Tg-WT, Tg-Y319F, NTg: 12.57, 10.11, 9.96, p&lt;0.05 vs Tg-WT) and left ventricular myocyte cross sectional area (35, 5, 29% vs sham, p&lt;0.05) were significantly attenuated in Tg-Y319F compared to Tg-WT. Fibrosis was also milder in Tg-Y319F than in Tg-WT (10.7% vs 22.9%). These results suggest that the AT1R-EGFR pathway plays an important role in mediating LV hypertrophy and fibrosis after MI. Interestingly, however, echocardiographic measurement showed that Tg-Y319F have impaired LV ejection fraction (Tg-WT, Tg-Y319F, NTg: 51, 19, 44%, p&lt;0.05) and %fractional shortening (21.4, 6.7, 17.7%, p&lt;0.05) compared with Tg-WT or NTg. Tg-Y319F showed an increase in mortality in days 0–28 following MI, when compared to Tg-WT and NTg (35, 67, 30%, p&lt;0.5). Additionally, lung weight/tibia length was increased in Tg-Y319F (11.3, 24.7, 16.1, p&lt;0.05) These results suggest that the lack of EGFR activation causes cardiac dysfunction after MI. In summary, transactivation of the EGFR following MI may play a compensatory role, thereby protecting the heart from further deterioration of cardiac function. This research has received full or partial funding support from the American Heart Association, AHA Founders Affiliate (Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Rhode Island, Vermont).
Abstract 257: Left Ventricular Mechanical Systole in Elite Athletes Assessed by 3D Echocardiography
Authors: Stefano Caselli, Fernando M Di Paolo, Cataldo Pisicchio, Fabiana Di Veroli, Elisa Silvetti, Emanuele Guerra, Barbara Di Giacinto, Roberto Ciardo, Antonio Pelliccia
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background: We sought to evaluate left ventricular (LV) mechanical systole comparatively in elite athletes and sedentary controls by 3-dimensional echocardiography (3DE). Methods: 426 athletes, inv...
Accuracy of perceptions of hepatitis B and C status
Authors: M E Ramsay
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Editor—Best et al give us useful information about drug users' perceptions of their hepatitis B and C status and, on the basis of this, recommend that clinicians should test all drug users for hepatitis B and C infection.1 With respect to hepatitis B, however, they fail to mention a more important intervention—namely, immunisation against hepatitis B.

This oversight may partly stem from their failure to distinguish current from past infection. We assume (although they do not state) that by “positive for hepatitis B virus” they mean that the serum was positive for antibody to hepatitis B core antigen. Alone, this marker signifies infection at some time in the past and probable protection against subsequent infection. The marker of active infection (and therefore infectiousness) is hepatitis B surface antigen. Among those infected by drug use one would expect less than a tenth of those with antibody to hepatitis B core antigen to also be positive for hepatitis B surface antigen.2

Drug users who are positive for antibody to hepatitis B core antigen but negative for hepatitis B surface antigen might correctly be informed that they are not at risk of the sequelae of chronic hepatitis B. They might also be told that they are no longer at risk of hepatitis B and that vaccination is unnecessary. Commercial assays for antibody to hepatitis B core antigen may, however, result in false positive test results,3 and patients at risk may therefore be denied the protection of a safe and effective vaccine. A positive result of a test for antibody to surface antigen is a more reliable marker of immunity.

Before recommending widespread testing of drug users we need to know whether knowledge of hepatitis status changes behaviour. In the study of Best et al a high proportion of drug users had previously been tested for hepatitis B and C. Despite this the high prevalence of both infections and the incorrect self reporting of status suggest that testing may have little effect on behaviour. Meanwhile, the number of cases of acute hepatitis B among drug users is increasing,4 and, despite the availability of a highly effective vaccine, too few have been offered that intervention. We recommend that hepatitis B vaccine be offered to drug users at every opportunity and not be delayed while results of antibody testing are awaited.
Two-Year Outcomes After Sirolimus-Eluting Stent Implantation
Authors: Giora Weisz, Martin B. Leon, David R. Holmes, Dean J. Kereiakes, Mel R. Clark, Barry M. Cohen, Stephen G. Ellis, Patrick Coleman, Carolyn Hill, Chunxue Shi, Donald E. Cutlip, Richard E. Kuntz, Jeffrey W. Moses
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2006)
Oculomotor performance in obsessive-compulsive disorder
Authors: A Y Tien, G D Pearlson, S R Machlin, F W Bylsma, R Hoehn-Saric
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1992)

Neuroimaging studies have shown abnormalities of the frontal cortex and basal ganglia in persons with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Since lesions in the frontal cortex and basal ganglia areas affect performance on goal-guided saccadic eye movements, this study investigated the relation between the diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder and oculomotor performance.Eleven patients with the clinical diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder and 14 normal subjects were assessed with respect to their performance on both visual-guided and goal-guided oculomotor tasks. Fixation performance was also measured.The group with obsessive-compulsive disorder had a very significantly greater error rate and a significantly greater rate of inaccurate saccades on the goal-guided antisaccade task, whereas they were not different from the normal group in reaction time, saccadic velocity, and accuracy on the visual-guided saccade task. The distribution of error rates for the patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder was broad, with more than one-half outside the range of the normal group. Most of the abnormal findings were among male patients.The results support the hypothesis of a relationship between impaired performance on goal-guided saccadic eye movement tasks and the diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder, but they also suggest a gender-related subgroup within the group with obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Abstract 11670: Using the Coronary Calcium Score to Guide Statin Therapy: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
Authors: Mark J Pletcher, Stephanie R Earnshaw, Reto Auer, Kathryn A Phillips, Philip Greenland, Michael Pignone
Journal: Circulation (2012)

INTRODUCTION: The coronary artery calcium (CAC) score, measured by CT scan, is a very strong predictor of coronary heart disease (CHD) events and could be used to help decide when to prescribe stat...
Abstract 17085: MicroRNA-24 Prevents Apoptosis and Preserves Cardiac Function after Myocardial Infarction Through Cell-Autonomous Effects in Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Li Qian, Linda W Van Laake, Yu Huang, Deepak Srivastava
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background Apoptosis due to myocardial infarction (MI) leads to an irreversible loss of cardiomyocytes. MicroRNAs may influence this process by post-transcriptionally regulating the expression of proteins involved in apoptotic pathways. We have previously shown that exogenous application of miR-24 after coronary artery ligation in mice preserves cardiac function by repressing the pro-apoptotic protein Bim. Here, we investigate whether miR-24 delivered by local injection exerts its effects primarily within cardiomyocytes or non-cell autonomously through neighboring cells. Methods We genetically targeted miR-24 under control of the cardiac-specific Myh6 promoter, and selected a line of transgenic mice (αMHC-miR-24 mice) with six fold greater expression of miR-24 than control littermates. MI was induced by coronary artery ligation. Apoptosis and infarct size were quantified with TUNEL assays (n=16) and AZAN staining (n=15) 24 hours and 4 weeks post-MI, respectively. Cardiac function was measured by high-resolution echocardiography at baseline and 3 days and 4 weeks post-MI (n=42). QRT-PCR and Western blotting were performed on cardiac tissue 24 hours post-MI (n=6). Results αMHC-miR-24 mice were protected against apoptosis after MI compared to wildtype littermates as indicated by reduced numbers of TUNEL-positive cardiomyocytes in the ischemic zone and border zone compared to wildtype littermates. Cardiac function was preserved (Ejection fraction 55.0 ± 0.9 vs. 56.9 ± 0.9 % at baseline, p=NS, 32.8 ± 1.7 vs. 28.1 ± 1.6% at 3 days, p&lt;0.05, 26.7 ± 1.9 vs. 21.9 ± 1.4% at 4 weeks, p&lt;0.05; Fractional shortening 32.9 ± 1.1 vs. 32.5 ± 1.1% at baseline, 15.1 ± 0.5 vs 12.6 ± 0.08% at 3 days, p&lt;0.05, 15.0 ± 0.9 vs. 12.0 ± 0.7% at 4 weeks, p&lt;0.05). Hearts of αMHC-miR-24 mice exhibited lower levels of Bim protein, lower levels of stress markers such as ANF and BNP and partially restored levels of dysregulated miRNAs 19a, 195 and 208, similar to miR-24 mimic injection in the heart. Conclusion The similarity between the effects of local delivery and cardiomyocyte-specific overexpression of miR-24 provides evidence that miR-24 improves left ventricular function after myocardial infarction by cell autonomously inhibiting cardiomyocyte death.
Abstract 13854: Human Bone Marrow Progenitor Cells Derived From CD271+ Stem Cells Secrete Factors That Improve Cardiac Function After Myocardial Infarction and Activate Adult Resident Cardiac Progenitors
Authors: Yoshitaka Iso, Charla Spees, Jan Kajstura, Ingrid Curril, Benjamin Bakondi, Calvin Yang, Hiroshi Suzuki, Piero Anversa, Jeffery L Spees
Journal: Circulation (2010)
New cervical smear technique to be piloted in NHS
Authors: Zosia Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2000)

The NHS is to test liquid based cytology for cervical screening. If it proves successful the method could replace Pap smears and give a much needed technological boost to the current cervical cancer screening service.

The pilot scheme, which has been recommended by the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE), is due to start in March 2001 and will include sites in England and Wales. It will run …
Evaluation of EGFR mutations in NSCLC using ME-PCR and HRM
Authors: K. B. Sriram, M. E. Tan, S. M. Savarimuthu Francis, C. M. Wright, V. Relan, M. U. Martins, R. V. Bowman, I. A. Yang, K. M. Fong
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2011)
Abstract 3438: Impact of Different Pre-dilatation Strategies on Stent Expansion: An Intravascular Ultrasound Study
Authors: Jose de Ribamar Costa, Martin B Leon, Gary S Mintz, Roxana Mehran, Paul Teirstein, Koichi Sano, Masashi Kimura, Kaoru Tanaka, Xuebo Liu, Joanna Lui, Yingbo Na, Celia Castellanos, Sinan Biro, Lokesh Dani, Jason Rinker, George Dangas, Gregg W Stone, Jeffrey W Moses, Stephane G Carlier
Journal: Circulation (2006)
Psychiatrist-executive management styles: nature or nurture?
Authors: L R Marcos, M A Silver
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1988)

The authors studied the management styles of the 11 directors of psychiatry in municipal general hospitals in New York City. The Lead-Self Scale and the Lead-Other Scale were used. The directors' Lead-Self Scale scores were compared with those of 11 psychiatric residents. Results show that the directors had a high task/high relationship primary style and a high relationship/low task secondary style. Psychiatric residents revealed a less differentiated pattern of self-perceived management style. The authors speculate about the effects of experience, training, role models, and personality traits on management styles and suggest areas for further research.
A multi-country outbreak of Salmonella Agona, February - August 2008
Authors: D O'Flanagan, M Cormican, P McKeown, N Nicolay, J Cowden, B Mason, D Morgan, C Lane, N Irvine, L Browning
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2008)

An outbreak of gastroenteritis affecting residents in the United Kingdom, Ireland and Finland is currently being investigated. As of Wednesday 13 August, a total of 119 cases have been identified. An investigation that includes interviews of persons with Salmonella Agona infections, comparison of pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) profiles of S. Agona isolates from cases and also food samples from an Irish food production company and retail outlet chain supplied by the company, suggests that food products from that company may be related to some of these cases. A number of food products including beef steak strips, chicken in various forms, bacon in various forms, and pork have been withdrawn (see: http://www.fsai.ie/ for details). The investigation is ongoing.
Schizotypal symptoms in patients with borderline personality disorders
Authors: A George, P H Soloff
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1986)

The authors assessed the frequency of schizotypal symptoms in 48 criteria-defined borderline patients. In the total sample schizotypal symptoms were surprisingly common; the average patient had more than seven symptoms and every patient at least one. Even in the "pure" DSM-III borderline subgroup, 67% of the patients had perceptual symptoms, 92% had cognitive symptoms, and 87% reported other "affective" symptoms. Visual phenomena were more prevalent than auditory ones, suggesting a possible contributing role for organic factors in borderline disorders. The results also indicate a close link between borderline and schizotypal personality disorders.
Abstract 13467: Confounding Factors for Flow-Mediated Vasodilation: FMD-Japan Study
Authors: Tatsuya Maruhashi, Yukihito Higashi, Junko Soga, Naomi Idei, Noritaka Fujimura, Shinsuke Mikami, Yumiko Iwamoto, Masato Kajikawa, Takeshi Matsumoto, Ayumu Nakashima, Kensuke Noma, Hirofummi Tomiyama, Bonpei Takase, Akira Yamashina, Yasuki Kihara
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: Endothelial dysfunction is the initial step in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, resulting in cardiovascular outcomes. Recently, measurement of flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) has b...
Abstract 16289: Global Strain by Strain Echocardiography May Help Risk Stratification of Ventricular Arrhythmias in Patients With Non Ischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Kristina H Haugaa, Bjoern Goebel, Thomas Dahlslett, Kathleen Meyer, Christian Jung, Tudor Poerner, Thor Edvardsen
Journal: Circulation (2010)
Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy
Authors: Jeroen J. Bax, Theodore Abraham, S. Serge Barold, Ole A. Breithardt, Jeffrey W.H. Fung, Stephane Garrigue, John Gorcsan, David L. Hayes, David A. Kass, Juhani Knuuti, Christophe Leclercq, Cecilia Linde, Daniel B. Mark, Mark J. Monaghan, Petros Nihoyannopoulos, Martin J. Schalij, Christophe Stellbrink, Cheuk-Man Yu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2005)
Ventricular dilation on CAT scans of patients with anorexia nervosa
Authors: Datlof S, Coleman Pd, Forbes Gb, Kreipe Re
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1986)

Computerized tomographic brain scans of five patients with anorexia nervosa showed significantly more dilation of the third and lateral ventricles than in control subjects. Measurements of lean body mass suggest that these findings are secondary to the anorexic patients' protein malnutrition.
Abstract 5090: Impact of Adding a Single Allele in the 9p21 Locus to Traditional Risk Factors on Risk Classification for Coronary Heart Disease and Implications for Lipid-Modifying Therapy in the White Population of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
Authors: Ariel Brautbar, Christie Ballantyne, Kim Lawson, Vijay Nambi, Lloyd Chambless, Aaron Folsom, James Willerson, Eric Boerwinkle
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Aim: A single nucleotide polymorphism on chromosome 9p21, rs10757274 (9p21 allele), has been shown to be a predictor of coronary heart disease (CHD) in whites. We evaluated if the addition of the 9p21 allele to traditional risk factors (TRF) improved CHD risk prediction in the white population of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study, and whether changes in risk prediction will modify lipid therapy recommendation. Methods: Whites (n=10,004) in the ARIC study for whom the 9p21 genotype and TRF (age, gender, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, smoking, diabetes, HDL-C, and anti-hypertensive medication use) information was available were included. Using Cox proportional hazards models, the ARIC Cardiovascular Risk Score (ACRS) which is based on TRF was determined. The impact of adding the 9p21 allele to TRF with respect to the area under the curve (AUC) of a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and then risk strata reclassification was determined. Results: The addition of 9p21 allele to TRF was associated with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.25 (p&lt;0.0001) and an increase in the AUC for incident CHD from 0.776 to 0.780 (Δ= 0.004, 95% CI=0.001, 0.008). The 9p21 allele’s greatest influence to the ACRS (Table ) was observed in the intermediate (5–10% 10-year CHD risk) and intermediate-high (10 –20% 10-year CHD risk) categories with 19.3% and 16.9% reclassified, respectively, which would impact therapy, as approximately 90% of these individuals had LDL-C &gt;100 mg/dL. Table: Reclassification in the different ACRS categories after the addition of the 9p21 allele to the traditional risk factors
Abstract 250: In vivo Kinetics of Embryonic Stem Cell Viability Following Transplantation Into the Injured Murine Myocardium
Authors: Jaehoon Chung, Kehkooi Kee, Joelle K Barral, Rajesh Dash, Irving Weissman, Thomas Quertermous, Robert C Robbins, Dwight G Nishimura, Renee A Reijo-Pera, Phillip C Yang
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background: Embryonic stem cells (ESC) have demonstrated the potential to restore the cardiac function after ischemic injury. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIO) have been widely empl...