tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
HYPERTROPHIC OSTEOARTHROPATHY; REPORT OF A CASE ASSOCIATED WITH A CHORDOMA OF THE BASE OF THE SKULL AND LYMPHANGITIC PULMONARY METASTASES
Authors: Nathaniel Uhr, Jacob Churg
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1949)

Case Reports1 October 1949HYPERTROPHIC OSTEOARTHROPATHY; REPORT OF A CASE ASSOCIATED WITH A CHORDOMA OF THE BASE OF THE SKULL AND LYMPHANGITIC PULMONARY METASTASESNATHANIEL UHR, JACOB CHURGNATHANIEL UHR, JACOB CHURGAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-31-4-681 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptMuch knowledge regarding the clinical aspects of hypertrophic osteoarthropathy has been acquired in the past half century. Its etiology and mechanism, however, remain to be elucidated. In the majority of cases, osteoarthropathy, with its concomitant clubbing of the fingers and toes, is seen as a sequel of chronic suppurative or neoplastic disease of the thoracic organs, less commonly of the abdominal viscera. Only in rare instances has the condition been known to precede the manifestation of the underlying disease. When this occurs, diagnosis is often impossible until late. The following is an illustrative case.CASE REPORTJ. S., a 21...Bibliography1. FAUSTGILMOREMUDGETT DBHRCS: Chordomata: a review of literature, with report of a sacrococcygeal case, Ann. Int. Med., 1944, xxi, 678-698. Google Scholar2. BRUCEMEKIE JR: Chordoma, Surg., Gynec. and Obst., 1937, lv, 40-47. Google Scholar3. MENDLOWITZ M: Clubbing and hypertrophic osteoarthropathy, Medicine, 1942, xxi, 269-306. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. MARIE P: De l'ostéo-arthropathie hypertrophiante pneumique, Rev. de méd., 1890, x, 1-36. Google Scholar5. BAMBERGER EV: Ueber Knochenveranderungen bei chronischen Lungen- und Herzkrankheiten, Ztschr. f. klin. Med., 1890, xviii, 193-217. Google Scholar6. FRIED BM: Chronic pulmonary osteoarthropathy. Dyspituitarism as probable cause, Arch. Int. Med., 1943, lxxii, 565-580. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: *Received for publication May 31, 1946. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byMetastatic skull base chordoma: A systematic reviewMulticentric chordoma:Report of a caseAn evaluation of the diagnosis and treatment of chordomaStereotactic Diagnosis and Radioactive Treatment in a Case of Spheno-Occipital ChordomaPathologie der Geschwülste des HirnschädelsCarcinomrezidivoperationen 1 October 1949Volume 31, Issue 4Page: 681-691KeywordsEtiologySkull ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 October 1949 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 179: Cerebral Performance Category and Long-Term Prognosis in Cardiac Arrest Survivors
Authors: Randi J Phelps, Thomas Rea, Charles Maynard, Florence Dumas
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Cerebral Performance Category (CPC) is commonly used to assess neurologic outcome among cardiac arrest survivors. However the prognostic ability of the CPC is uncertain. We evaluated the association between CPC and long-term survival among persons resuscitated from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Methods: We conducted a cohort investigation of all persons &gt; 18 years suffering out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in a large metropolitan EMS system between January 1, 2001 and December 31, 2009 who were resuscitated and discharged alive from the hospital. CPC was determined by review of hospital records to assess neurological status at discharge. Long-term vital status was ascertained using the state death certificate listing and the National Social Security Death Index through December 31, 2010. Kaplan-Meier was used to evaluate the association between CPC and survival. Results: During the study period 1001 adults were discharged alive following resuscitation, 980 with available CPC score. At hospital discharge, 62% had CPC of 1, 23% had CPC 2, 10% had CPC 3, and 5% had CPC 4. Average follow up was 4.8 years (SD=2.6). Overall 5-year survival was 65%. CPC was strongly associated with long-term survival, shown in Figure 1. Five year survival was 75% for CPC 1, 56% CPC 2, 48% CPC 3, and 23% for CPC 4 (log rank, p &lt;0.0001). Conclusion: Neurological status at hospital discharge as measured by the CPC predicts long-term prognosis following resuscitation from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. The findings support efforts designed to improve neurological recovery to achieve better long-term prognosis.
Evaluation Of Factor V Leiden, Prothrombin Mutations and The Homozygous mutation 677T In The MTHFR Gene In Patients With Venous Thrombosis
Authors: Michele Pizzuti, Alberto Santagostino, Maria Antonietta Rizzo, Daniela Dragonetti, Maria Grazia Pietrafesa, Immacolata Attolico, Angela Amendola, Nunzio Filardi, Michele Cimminiello, Angela Matturro, Domenico Vertone, Roberta Nuccorini, sara Pasquina Pascale, Sabrina Coluzzi
Journal: Blood (2013)
Preoperative anxiety can affect the quality of life and health outcome of the patients that undergo thoracic surgery
Authors: Maria Anagnostopoulou, Ioannis Vamvakaris, Grigoris Vogiatzis, Cristos Sykaras, A. Maria, Ioannis Gkiozos, Andriani Charpidou, Kostas Syrigos
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Purpose: Increased preoperative anxiety level may lead to adverse outcomes. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between the quality of life and preoperative anxiety during the four-week preoperative period in patients scheduled to undergo thoracic surgery.

Patients and methods: The study population consisted of 100 patients, 52 men and 48 women scheduled to undergo thoracic surgery. The average of age was 56.1±15.60 years. After providing informed consent, they were asked to answer a questionnaire, through a personal interview, 12 to 15 hours prior to the scheduled thoracic surgery operation. The questionnaire included questions on demographics and incorporated the State Anxiety Inventory and SF-36 scales.

Results: Statistical analysis revealed that women (p=0.023), unemployed patients (p=0.01) and patients that were to be submitted to a mediastinoscopy (p=0.001) had elevated anxiety levels. Deterioration of several parameters related to the quality of life was found to be related to increased anxiety levels. Limitations in work capability or other everyday activities as result of mental health problems (p=0.006), low vitality (p<0.001), bad general mood (p<0.001), deteriorated general health (p<0.001) and general mental health (p<0.001) were associated with preoperative anxiety. No differences were found in anxiety level between lung cancer and non-cancer patients.

Conclusions: This study showed an inverse proportional correlation between preoperative quality of life and anxiety during a period of four weeks prior to a thoracic surgery operation. Appropriate pharmaceutical and psychological support may improve patients' anxiety status.
Validation and comparison of published prognostic classification for survival in patients (pts) with small cell lung cancer (SCLC).
Authors: Marianne Paesmans, Jean-Jacques Lafitte, Jean-Paul Lecomte, Thierry Berghmans, Anna Efremidis, Anne-Pascale Meert, Nathalie Leclercq, Jean-Paul Sculier
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2010)
Abstract 15540: p63RhoGEF is a Key Signaling Mediator in Vascular Smooth Muscle Ca2+ Sensitization Initiated by Activation of G alpha(q/11)
Authors: Ko Momotani, Mykhaylo V Artamonov, Bartosz J Zieba, Darkhan Utepbergenov, Urszula Derewenda, Zygmunt S Derewenda, Avril V Somlyo
Journal: Circulation (2011)

In normal and diseased vascular smooth muscle, the RhoA pathway activated by multiple agonists through G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) plays a central role in the regulation of smooth muscle co...
Readability of British and American medical prose
Authors: M. Hochhauser
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Editor—Weeks and Wallace have come up with an excellent idea, which is to compare texts in BMJ and JAMA by using two “readability” scores.1-1 Unfortunately, the differences between the two journals, while statistically significant, are disappointingly slight when you look at what the tests actually measure.

The FOG score, for example, creates an index by counting long words and long sentences. When we looked at practice leaflets they ranged from 8.4 (the style of a tabloid newspaper) to 17.2.1-2 In the study by Weeks and Wallace, the respective scores are 16.9 and 17.8, a difference of about one point, which can be explained by an extra three words of three syllables per 100 words. This does not seem to be sufficient to warrant a conclusion that one is more readable than the other.

However, this should not detract from the main finding, which is that the prose in both journals is very dense, and we should do something about making it more accessible. In my experience, the problem is that most people who write and edit journals still believe that this is the “proper” way to write.
Abstract 4036: Tricuspid Regurgitation Velocities in 515 Either Endurance or Power Competitive Athletes
Authors: Antonello D'Andrea, Pio Caso, Olga Vriz, Rodolfo Citro, Gemma Salerno, Raffaella Scarafile, Raffaele Calabro, Edoardo Bossone
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background. Doppler evaluation of tricuspid valve regurgitation velocity (TRV) can be used to estimate pulmonary artery systolic pressure. Previous invasive studies have demonstrated higher pressur...
The Electrophysiological Cardiac Ventricular Substrate in Patients After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Phillip S. Cuculich, Junjie Zhang, Yong Wang, Kavit A. Desouza, Ramya Vijayakumar, Pamela K. Woodard, Yoram Rudy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Abstract 1735: Adiponectin, an Anti-Inflammatory Adipocytokine, Regulates T Lymphocytes Recruitment by Inhibiting T Lymphocytotropic CXC Chemokines in LPS-Stimulated Macrophages: A Potential Anti-Atherogenic Function of Adiponectin
Authors: Yoshihisa Okamoto, Koichi Shimizu, Richard Colvin, Manabu Minami, Shinji Kihara, Tohru Funahashi, Andrew Luster, Peter Libby
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Objective: Chronic inflammation characterizes both obesity and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Individuals with obesity and coronary artery disease frequently have low plasma adiponectin (...
Abstract 5551: Apelin is Necessary for the Maintenance of Insulin Sensitivity
Authors: Patrick Yue, Hong Jin, Marissa Aillaud-Manzanera, Alicia C Deng, Junya Azuma, Ramendra K Kundu, Gerald M Reaven, Thomas Quertermous, Philip S Tsao
Journal: Circulation (2009)

BACKGROUND: The recently discovered cardioactive peptide apelin has been shown to be involved in the maintenance of insulin sensitivity. However, questions persist regarding its precise role and molecular mechanism of action. METHODS: Insulin (0.75 U/kg) tolerance testing (ITT) was performed on mice with generalized deficiency of the apelin gene (APKO). Additionally, fasting glucose, insulin, free fatty acid (FFA), and adiponectin levels were determined. To assess the impact of exogenously delivered apelin on insulin sensitivity, osmotic pumps containing pyroglutamated apelin-13 or saline were implanted in APKO mice for 4 weeks. Following the infusion, ITTs were repeated and the animals sacrificed. In selected animals, insulin (0.75 U/kg) was delivered 30 minutes prior to sacrifice; soleus muscles were then harvested, homogenized in lysis buffer, and insulin-induced Akt phosphorylation determined by Western blotting. Apelin-13 infusion, ITTs, and serum insulin, glucose, FFA, and adiponectin measurements were also performed in obese diabetic db/db mice. To probe the underlying mechanism for apelin’s effects, apelin-13 (1 μ M) was also delivered to cultured C2C12 myotubes. 2-[ 3 H]-deoxyglucose uptake and Akt phosphorylation were assessed. RESULTS: APKO mice had significantly decreased insulin sensitivity by ITT, increased insulin (0.70±0.033 vs. 0.55±0.098 pg/mL; p &lt; 0.05) and FFA (231±11 vs. 172±14 μ mol/L; p &lt; 0.01) levels, and decreased adiponectin levels (64±3.3 vs. 80±8.0 μ g/mL; p &lt; 0.05). Soleus lysates had decreased insulin-induced Akt phosphorylation. Administration of apelin to both APKO and db/db mice resulted in improvements in insulin sensitivity. No changes in body weight were observed in either animal model with or without apelin. In C2C12 myotubes, apelin increased glucose uptake (10.6±0.70 vs. 6.01±0.18 pmol/mg protein/min; p &lt; 0.01) and Akt phosphorylation. These events were fully abrogated by inhibitors of G i (pertussis toxin) and AMPK (Compound C), but only partially by phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibition (LY294002). CONCLUSIONS: Apelin is necessary for the maintenance of insulin sensitivity in vivo . Apelin’s effects on glucose uptake and Akt phosphorylation may be mediated by a G i and AMPK-dependent pathway.
Phosphoproteomic profiling of pediatric B-ALL patients with MLL rearrangements
Authors: B. Accordi, V. Espina, V. Lissandron, G. Milani, G. Te Kronnie, L. A. Liotta, E. F. Petricoin III, G. Basso, E. Garaci
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

10001 Background: While the outcome for children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) has improved under current therapies, 30% do not have a favourable outcome. Infants with MLL rearrangements form the most striking example of ALL patients who have not benefited from the improved treatment regimens developed over recent decades. Our study aims to better map the biology of the MLL disease and to identify aberrantly activated phosphoproteins specific for MLL rearranged patients using phosphoproteomic measurement of signal transduction pathways (STPs). This will offer possibilities to identify new drug targets for more effective and less toxic targeted therapies. Methods: Reverse Phase Protein Arrays (RPPA) were employed to profile the working state of cellular STPs in 120 pediatric B-ALL specimens collected prior to treatment. The phosphorylation status of 92 key signalling proteins was analyzed. We compared 9 MLL rearranged patients vs 42 patients without known genomic aberrancies to find differentially activated phosphoproteins. Based on the results of the RPPA analysis, we then tested the effects of a specific inhibitor on the survival of two human cell lines: RS4;11 (MLL B-ALL with t(4;11)) and REH (B-ALL with t(12;21)). Results: MLL rearranged patients show an activated pathway that, through the phosphorylation of AMPK, leads to the activation of eNOSIII and finally Bcl-2. Bcl-2 is an antiapoptotic protein which may provide survival advantage to the blast cells. We treated RS4;11 and REH cells with an AMPK inhibitor (6μM, 24hours). After treatment, we observed that treated RS4;11 cells undergo significantly more apoptosis than REH cells (p<0.001). For RS4;11 cells only 31.1% of cells remained alive after treatment, while 89.3% of the REH cells were insensitive to treatment. Conclusions: The activation of the AMPK pathway may contribute to the survival of MLL leukaemia cells, since inhibition of AMPK induces death in these cancer cells. Our data strongly encourage further studies of AMPK inhibitors as potential new drugs for the treatment of MLL leukaemia patients. The discovery of the molecular signal pathway portrait in subgroups of patients could play an important role for individualizing therapy and improving treatment outcome. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Theranostics Health LLC Theranostics Health LLC
Integrated intracoronary optical coherence tomography-ultrasound for in vivo real-time imaging of atherosclerotic plaques
Authors: Z Chen, J Li, X Li, D Mohar, A Raney, J Jing, J Zhang, A Johnston, S Liang, T Ma, KK Shung, S Mahon, M Brenner, J Narula, Q Zhou, PM Patel
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2014)
Towards an understanding of kidney diseases associated with WT1 mutations
Authors: Lihua Dong, Stefan Pietsch, Christoph Englert
Journal: Kidney International (2015)

Mutations in Wilms' tumor 1 (WT1) cause a wide spectrum of renal manifestations, eventually leading to end-stage kidney failure. Insufficient understanding of WT1's molecular functions in kidney development has hampered efficient therapeutic applications for WT1-associated diseases. Recently, the generation and characterization of mouse models and application of multiple state-of-the-art approaches have significantly expanded our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of how WT1 mutations lead to kidney failure. Here, we discuss the WT1 binding consensus and illustrate the major roles of WT1 in different cell populations in kidney biology. WT1 controls metanephric mesenchyme (MM) self-renewal and proliferation mainly by regulating FGF and BMP-pSMAD signaling pathways as well as Sall1 and Pax2, encoding key transcription factors; WT1 drives MM differentiation and mesenchyme-epithelial transition by targeting Fgf8 and Wnt4; WT1 defines podocyte identity by activation of other podocyte-specific transcription factors, including Mafb, Lmx1b, FoxC2, and Tcf21. These factors potentially cooperate with WT1 regulating the expression of components and regulators of the cytoskeleton for establishing podocyte polarity, slit diaphragm structure, and focal adhesion to the glomerular basement membrane. Understanding of WT1's function in kidney biology including WT1-regulated pathways will give insights that will eventually help therapeutic applications.
Location of a Putative Gene Contributing to the Setting of CD8+T Lymphocytes: A modifier of Hereditary Hemochromatosis Expression?
Authors: J. Vieira, C. S. Cardoso, J. P. Pinto, Kaustubh Patil, P. Brazdil, E. Cruz, C. Mascarenhas, R. Lacerda, A. Gartner, S. Almeida, H. Alves, G. Porto
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2007)
Effects of steroids and retinoids on an organotypic model of endometrial carcinogenesis
Authors: Stan Lightfoot, Doris M. Benbrook
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 45, 2004

1535 

Introduction . Organotypic cultures are 3-dimensional reconstructions of tissue that can serve as models, which are more biologically relevant than monolayer cultures and more easily manipulated than animal models. We developed a hormononally responsive model of cycling human endometrium that exhibits hyperplasia in response to high dose estrogen. The hypothesis of this project was that administration of the chemical carcinogen DMBA (9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene) to endometrial organotypic cultures will induce the cancerous phenotype, which can be enhanced or repressed by steroids, retinoids and retinoid-like compounds. Methods . Primary cultures of normal menstruated endometrial cells were grown in organotypic culture and treated with 5 μ M DMBA or solvent (negative control). After 4 hours of treatment, the DMBA was removed, and the cultures were grown for 3 weeks in the absence and presence of various combinations of estrogen, progesterone and retinoids. The cultures were fixed, sectioned and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) for pathologic review of histological changes in a blinded manner. The DMBA transformation was evaluated in 6 independent experiments and the steroid and retinoid regulation of transformation was evaluated in two independent experiments. Results . The DMBA consistently induced the cancer phenotype in both stromal and epithelial cells as observed by an increase in the nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio and by increased nuclear atypia. The SHetA2 retinoid-like drug consistently induced gland formation in the transformed cells. Retinoic acid receptor (RAR) and retinoid X receptor (RXR) active retinoids did not induce glands, but caused the transformed cells to be less pleomorphic, more cohesive and more orderly. The effects of physiologic concentrations of estrogen and progesterone were not consistent. Conclusions. The consistent induction of the transformed phenotype in this model allows the study of cancer promoting and prevention agents. The repression of the cancerous phenotype by retinoids suggests that they have value as chemoprevention agents. The induction of gland formation (differentiation) in transformed cultures by SHetA2, a drug currently in preclinical development in the NCI Rapid Access to Intervention Development (RAID) program, supports the prioritization of this retinoic acid receptor-independent compound over conventional retinoids. This project was supported by NCI grant CA99197.
Biphasic Response to Dobutamine Predicts Improvement of Global Left Ventricular Function After Surgical Revascularization in Patients With Stable Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Jan H Cornel, Jeroen J Bax, Abdou Elhendy, Alexander P.W.M Maat, Geert-Jan P Kimman, Marcel L Geleijnse, Ricardo Rambaldi, Eric Boersma, Paolo M Fioretti
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Abstract 19169: Best Method for Right Atrial Volume Assessment by Two-Dimensional Echocardiography: Validation With Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Mahasti Ebtia, Darra Murphy, Parvathy Nair, PK Lee, Kenneth Gin, John Jue, John Mayo, Marion Barnes, Teresa S Tsang
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: In contrast to left atrial volume, 2D echocardiographic methods for estimating right atrial (RA) volume have not been standardized and therefore not used in clinical assessment. Methods: RA volume was assessed in patients who underwent comprehensive 2D echocardiography and MRI assessment of the heart for clinically indicated reasons. The volumes obtained using three 2D echocardiography methods, and linear RA major and minor dimensions were compared correlated with RA volume determined by MRI. The 3 echocardiographic methods for assessing RA volume included: 1) biplane area length method using 4 chamber view twice (Biplane 4C-4C); 2) biplane area length method using 4 chamber and subcostal view (Biplane 4C-Subcostal); and 3) Single plane Simpson’s method of disc (Single plane 4C-Simpson’s). These echocardiographic methods were also evaluated for their accuracy in discriminating RA enlargement. Results: A total of 51 persons (33 female, 18 male), mean age 53 ± 14 years underwent cardiac MRI and echocardiography. All 3 echocardiography volumetric methods performed well with correlation being 0.98 for each. In terms of bias and limits of agreement, biplane 4C-4C (bias -4.81 mL, limits of agreement ± 9.8 mL) and single plane Simpson’s (bias -5.15 mL, limits of agreement ± 10.1 mL) outperformed biplane 4C-subcostal (bias -8.36 mL, limits of agreement ± 12.5 mL). Linear measurements performed poorly with low correlation (RA major, 0.49; RA minor 0.54), high degree of bias and wide limits of agreement. Using MRI as reference, the accuracy for discriminating large from non-large was high for all 3 methods (all &gt;90% if a cut-off at 55 mL was used). In contrast, accuracy for RA major was at best only 80% and 62% respectively, cutting at 50 mm for major, and 36 mm for minor. The interobserver variability was satisfactory across all three volume methods (range 5.8- 7.3 mL). Conclusions: Using MRI as reference, biplane 4C-4C and single plane Simpson’s are highly accurate 2D echocardiography methods, superior to biplane 4C-Subcosta method for estimating RA volume. Linear methods are inaccurate and should be abandoned.