tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hyperthyroidism and pregnancy
Authors: Helen Marx, Pina Amin, John H Lazarus
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Pregnant women with hyperthyroidism need careful management as some may be at increased risk of fetal loss, pre-eclampsia, heart failure, premature labour, and having a low birthweight baby Various problems may arise in the management of a pregnant patient with hyperthyroidism (see scenario box p 666). 1 This article will explore the problems in relation to the prevalence of hyperthyroidism in pregnancy, therapeutic issues, pregnancy planning, and clinical management.No controlled trials of management have been conducted, but consensus guidelines have recently been published. 2 How common is hyperthyroidism in pregnancy?Hyperthyroidism occurs in 2/1000 pregnancies in the United Kingdom. 3 Graves' hyperthyroidism (defined as hyperthyroidism that is the result of stimulation of the thyroid by thyrotrophin receptor stimulating antibodies (TRAb)) is the commonest cause of hyperthyroidism in young women (about 85% of cases) in the United Kingdom. 1 The prevalence of undiagnosed hyperthyroidism in women is about 4.7/1000, 4 and 0.2% of UK women have been previously diagnosed and treated.In areas of mild iodine deficiency the prevalence is higher. 5 6Box 1 outlines the causes of hyperthyroidism in pregnancy.In addition to true hyperthyroidism, the more common clinical entity of transient gestational hyperthyroidism may be seen particularly in the first trimester, with a prevalence in Europeans of 2-3% but a much higher prevalence in South Asian populations.Hyperthyroidism does not often arise for the first time in early pregnancy, but clinicians need to be aware of the symptoms and signs (box 2).How does hyperthyroidism affect pregnancy?Pregnancy outcome Pre-eclampsia, heart failure, fetal loss, premature labour, and having a low birthweight baby are more likely to occur in untreated or poorly controlled thyrotoxic women than in those receiving adequate treatment. 8A retrospective review of 11 reports This is one of a series of occasional articles about how to manage a pre-existing medical condition during pregnancy. Box 1 Causes of hyperthyroidism in pregnancyGraves' disease Transient gestational hyperthyroidism Toxic multinodular goitre Single toxic adenoma Subacute thyroiditis Trophoblastic tumour Iodide induced hyperthyroidism Struma ovarii
Abstract 17497: Intracoronary Enalaprilat to Reduce Microvascular Damage Occurring During Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Trial (promicro Trial): A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Study
Authors: Fabio Mangiacapra, Aaron Peace, Luigi Di Serafino, Stylianos Pyxaras, Jozef Bartunek, Eric Wyffels, Guy Heyndrickx, William Wijns, Bernard De Bruyne, Emanuele Barbato
Journal: Circulation (2012)
Abstract 2598: Radiation Exposure, Procedure Time And Contrast Load In Patients Referred For Coronary Angiography: Head-to-head Comparison Of Dual Source Ct With Conventional Coronary Angiography.
Authors: Carlos A Van Mieghem, Annick C Weustink, Marcel Kofflard, A. Schreve-Steensma, Niels A Matheijssen, Ad den Boer, Pim J de Feyter
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Introduction and aim: Dual Source CT (DSCT) scanners, with an increased temporal resolution (83 ms), are becoming widely available. To evaluate the current potential of this scanner in the clinical arena, we performed a head-to-head comparison with conventional coronary angiography (CCA) taking into account the following parameters: radiation exposure, procedure time and contrast load. Methods: During a one-year period (april 2006 to march 2007) we compared a consecutive patient group who underwent DSCT (318 patients, 222 male, mean age 68±11 years) and CCA (352 patients, 258 male, mean age 61±12) respectively. Patients with previous bypass surgery were excluded. In DSCT, the volume of iodinated contrast material was adapted to the scan time. A contrast bolus was injected in an antecubital vein at a flow rate of 5.0 ml/s followed by a saline chaser of 40 ml at 5.0 ml/s. Each tube provided 412 mAs/rot (maximum), and full X-ray tube current was given during 25–70% of the RR-interval. Exposure data were collected using the x-ray dosimetrical reports from DSCT and CCA. Results: The mean procedure time using DSCT and CCA was 16.1±4.7 min and 44.1±25.5 min (p&lt;0.001), respectively. The mean contrast load in DSCT and CCA was 77.9±7.6 ml and 175.3±4.3ml (p&lt;0.001), respectively. The overall radiation exposure for DSCT and CCA was calculated as 15.3±4.0 mSv and 5.7±4.3 mSv, respectively. Radiation exposure with DSCT was significantly lower (p&lt;0.001) in patients with a heart rate of &gt;70 bpm (12.9±3.1 mSv ) as compared with patients with heart rates &lt;70 bpm (16.4±3.8 mSv). Conclusion: In today’s practice currently available DSCT scanners perform favorably as compared with CCA, considering procedure time and patient contrast load. Radiation exposure with DSCT remains higher but should not be considered a major disadvantage taking into account the relatively old age group that generally undergoes coronary angiography and the major benefit of not being exposed to the risks of an invasive procedure.
Continuing Shortage of IGIV
Authors: Jane E. Henney
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Limits to demand for health care
Authors: A. Maynard
Journal: BMJ (2001)

<h3>Background and Aims</h3> Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterised by high levels of autoantibodies and multi-organ tissue damage including damage of the central system. Nerve system disease in SLE includes neurologic and psychiatric events, collectively termed neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE). Currently, the pathogenesis of NPSLE is unclear. We investigated pathogenesis of NPSLE in this study. <h3>Methods</h3> To understand the pathogenesis of NPSLE, we analysed the medical records of 1131 patients with SLE, and conducted experiments by using lupus-prone mice and mice with intracisternal injections of lupus serum containing high level of autoantibody and mice with gene deficiency. <h3>Results</h3> There are 59 patients with NPSLE clinical manifestation including headaches, seizure disorder, cognitive dysfunction, cerebrovascular disease, etc. MRI examination in 14 patients with NPSLE indicates 50% normal and 50% abnormal signals. Lupus-prone mice spontaneously develop meningitis. Meningitis was developed in normal mice with intracisternal injection of lupus serum but not healthy serum; IgG is a major contributor in this meningitis. Monocyte/macrophage, complement and selectin are involved in the development of meningitis induced by lupus serum. This meningitis is dependent on dose of IgG but not associated with kinds of autoantibodies and systemic disease activity. Severity of meningitis induced by lupus serum IgG was significantly reduced in TNF deficient mice compared to wild mice. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The deposited IgG or IgG contained immune complex in brain tissue exerts an important role in the pathogenesis of meningitis. This finding will promote development of effective therapeutic strategy to patients with NPSLE.
Carotid Artery Surgery Guidelines Updated
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Clinical Differentiation Between Physiological Remodeling and Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy in Athletes With Marked Electrocardiographic Repolarization Anomalies
Authors: Abbas Zaidi, Nabeel Sheikh, Jesse K. Jongman, Sabiha Gati, Vasileios F. Panoulas, Gerald Carr-White, Michael Papadakis, Rajan Sharma, Elijah R. Behr, Sanjay Sharma
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical
Authors: A. E Stuck, L. Z Rubenstein, D. Wieland, J. P Vandenbroucke, L. Irwig, P. Macaskill, G. Berry, P. Glasziou, V. Seagroatt, I. Stratton, M. Egger, G. D. Smith, C. Minder, P. Langhorne, F. Song, S. Gilbody
Journal: BMJ (1998)
A critical review of object relations theory
Authors: N G Hamilton
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1989)

Over the past 20 years, object relations theory has broadly influenced general psychiatry. Along with its insights, the theory has brought its own conundrums. This paper provides an overview of the theory, indicating its contributions--such as a basis for individual psychotherapy of severe disorders and a more effective understanding of countertransference--and its shortcomings--such as lack of an explanation for the effects of physical and cognitive factors on object relatedness. Object relations theory fills a niche in the biopsychosocial model but is not a complete psychology for general psychiatry. Rather, it is an addition to drive theory and ego psychology within psychoanalysis.
Chelsea and Westminster Hospital Arts Project: early days
Authors: T. Delamothe
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Dotted through this week's journal are reproductions of works from the Chelsea and Westminster Hospital Arts Project. Opened in 1993, the hospital resembles a modern art gallery adorning the capital of some oil rich state. Brochures describing the hospital bristle with superlatives: the transparent plastic roof “covers the world's largest naturally ventilated atrium,” an area even larger than Wembley Stadium.

In this atrium the exhibits genuinely seem bigger and bolder than those from more modest establishments. Sculptures soar 18 metres into the air; mobiles and banners twist and flutter from their mountings five storeys up. Enormous canvasses have enough space to breathe. The pieces have been selected with flair, good artistic judgment, and what looks like bags of cash.

Rarely can such a positive outcome have had such a desultory beginning: the last agenda item of the last meeting of the medical executive committee overseeing the closure of six London hospitals to make way for the new Chelsea and Westminster Hospital. …
Molecular cloning and expression of a cyclic AMP-activated chloride conductance regulator: A novel ABC transporter
Authors: M.A. van Kuijck, R.A.M.H. van Aubel, A.E. Busch, F. Lang, F.G.M. Russell, R.J.M. Bindels, C.H. van Os, P.M.T. Deen
Journal: Kidney International (1996)
Progesterone Antagonism
Authors: William F. Crowley
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1986)

Progesterone is a unique reproductive hormone.In women who are not pregnant, it is the chief secretory product and principal biochemical marker of the corpus luteum — itself a curious endocrine organ, which is programmed for demise within a fortnight unless it is "rescued" from this fate by a fertilized ovum.1 When pregnancy occurs, human chorionic gonadotropin contributes to the persistence of the corpus luteum, which secretes the progesterone required for the maintenance of early pregnancy. Although the intermittent secretion of luteinizing hormone from the anterior pituitary is known to determine the pulsatile pattern of progesterone secretion during the normal . . .
Autosomal Recessive Diamond-Blackfan Anemia: Identification Of Mutations In MCM2 and Flnb
Authors: Kelly A O'Brien, Nancy E Seidel, Jason Farrar, Adrianna Vlachos, Stacie M Anderson, Xiuli An, Eva Atsidaftos, Harry Malech, Robert J Arceci, Steven R Ellis, Jeffrey M. Lipton, David M. Bodine
Journal: Blood (2013)
SILICOSIS AND TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: G W SCHEPERS
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 16357: Deficiency of 25-Hydroxy Cholecalciferol Worsens the Risk Factor Profile but Confers Protection Against Atrial Fibrillation - The Vitamin-D Paradox?
Authors: Subba Reddy Vanga, James L Vacek, Mathew Good, Jayant Nath, Sudharani Bommana, Darbhamulla V Nagarajan, Buddhadeb Dawn, Dhanunjaya Lakkireddy
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Epidemiological studies showed that vitamin D deficiency is strongly associated with hypertension, peripheral vascular disease, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, coronary artery ...
Abstract 10924: Mortality and Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Arm Thrombosis. A 3-Year Follow up Registry.
Authors: Gianni Belcaro, Maria Rosaria Cesarone, Umberto Cornelli
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Upper extremity deep venous thrombosis (UE-DVT) is relatively unknown and uncommon and may be a sign of hidden pathology. A recent study has indicated that the incidence of recurrent thrombosis and...
Pediatric Sibling Donor Complications of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Collection: EBMT Pediatric Diseases Working Party Study.
Authors: Jan Styczynski, Myriam Labopin, Nabila Elarouci, Adriana Balduzzi, Lidia Gil, Karoline Ehlert, Franca Fagioli, Rose-Marie Hamljadi, Sarah Marktel, Akif Yesilipek, Martina Matulova, Jean-Hugues Dalle, Massimo Berger, Jacek Wachowiak, Maurizio Miano, Stefania Varotto, Miguel Angel Diaz, Christiane Vermylen, Szymon Skoczen, Matthias Eyrich, Isabel Badell, Peter Dreger, Daphna Hutt, Jelena Rascon, Bozena Marianska, Ali Bazarbachi, Christina Peters, Giorgio Dini
Journal: Blood (2009)
P0115 : Serum bile acids in cirrhosis depend on aetiology
Authors: A. Horvath, B. Leber, E. Krones, G. Zollner, F. Durchschein, W. Spindelboeck, S. Lemesch, P. Douschan, G. Fauler, T. Stojakovic, P. Fickert, R. Stauber, P. Stiegler, V. Stadlbauer
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)
Hepatocellular Cancer in Cirrhotic Patients: Radiological Imaging
Authors: Francesca Lodato, N. Davies, D. Yu, Andrew K. Burroughs
Journal: Liver Cancer (2009)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the major cause of death in cirrhotic patients. It is the fifth most common neoplasm and the third most common cause of death related to cancer in the world (Parkin et al., 2001; Llovet et al., 2003). Moreover, data on the epidemiology and natural history of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, suggest that its frequency has been increasing over the past 20–30 years in the U.S (El Serag and Mason, 1999) and in Europe (Deuffic et al., 1998), and it is the leading cause of death in patients with cirrhosis in Europe (Fattovich et al., 1997). There are several potential therapies for HCC including resection, liver transplantation and several percutaneous as well as transarterial ablative techniques, but their applicability is limited by several anatomical factors, such as the size and number of nodules, their location and also the patients liver reserve. Unfortunately only a minority of cirrhotic patients diagnosed with HCC have tumor amenable to a potential curative therapy, but all therapies have best results with single nodules ≤ 3 cm (Bruix et al., 2001).
Brentuximab Vedotin Administered Before, During, and After Multi-Agent Chemotherapy In Patients (pts) With Newly-Diagnosed CD30+ Mature T- and NK-Cell Lymphomas
Authors: Michelle A. Fanale, Steven M. Horwitz, Andres Forero-Torres, Nancy L. Bartlett, Ranjana H. Advani, Barbara Pro, Robert Chen, Andrew Davies, Tim Illidge, Dirk Huebner, Dana A. Kennedy, Andrei R. Shustov
Journal: Blood (2013)
膝关节骨关节炎的治疗：NSAIDs及其他方法仅短期有效——最终需要手术治疗
Authors: 张卓莉
Journal: BMJ (2005)

膝关节轻度肿胀和疼痛就可以导致患者行走困难、几乎不能上下楼梯，长此以往使得患者的活动能力下降、体重增加。骨关节炎是一种常见的疾病，疼痛经常影响患者的正常生活，但是又没有达到需要手术治疗的程度。患者常常自行诊断并寻求治疗方法，希望能够减轻疼痛以便行走、卧跪、爬楼梯、购物或者自由随意地活动。大部分患者在寻求医生的帮助前都尝试过对乙酰氨基酚、热敷法、其他人推荐的“神奇新药”、卷心菜叶、各种草药或者类似药物、祷告、铜手镯以及其他很多方法。而绝大多数全科医生会处方一些他们喜欢的非甾体抗炎药(NSAIDs)。
Regulatory MicroRNA Networks: Complex Patterns of Target Pathways for Disease-related and Housekeeping MicroRNAs
Authors: Sachli Zafari, Christina Backes, Petra Leidinger, Eckart Meese, Andreas Keller
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2015)

Abstract Blood-based microRNA (miRNA) signatures as biomarkers have been reported for various pathologies, including cancer, neurological disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and also infections. The regulatory mechanism behind respective miRNA patterns is only partially understood. Moreover, “preserved” miRNAs, i.e., miRNAs that are not dysregulated in any disease, and their biological impact have been explored to a very limited extent. We set out to systematically determine their role in regulatory networks by defining groups of highly-dysregulated miRNAs that contribute to a disease signature as opposed to preserved housekeeping miRNAs. We further determined preferential targets and pathways of both dysregulated and preserved miRNAs by computing multi-layer networks, which were compared between housekeeping and dysregulated miRNAs. Of 848 miRNAs examined across 1049 blood samples, 8 potential housekeepers showed very limited expression variations, while 20 miRNAs showed highly-dysregulated expression throughout the investigated blood samples. Our approach provides important insights into miRNAs and their role in regulatory networks. The methodology can be applied to systematically investigate the differences in target genes and pathways of arbitrary miRNA sets.
Abstract 1807: Low-volume Resuscitation From Traumatic Hemorrhagic Shock With Na+/H+ Exchanger Inhibitor
Authors: Dongmei Wu, Hui Dai, Jaqueline Arias, Loren Latta
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Severe hemorrhage from traumatic injury is a major causative factor in almost half of these deaths on the battlefield, especially during the early period (&lt;2h) after injury. Intervention with low-volume fluid resuscitation is increasingly preferred than more aggressive fluid replacement. We evaluated the use of a Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE) inhibitor, as a cardioprotective adjunct therapy to low-volume resuscitation in a rat model of traumatic hemorrhagic shock. Methods: Femur fracture with soft tissue injury was induced in 28 anesthetized male rats. The animals were then bled via the carotid artery to maintain a mean arterial pressure of 40 mmHg for 20 minutes. Groups: no therapy; 15 ml/kg Hextend infusion over 40 minutes; 3 mg/kg BIIB513 (NHE-1 inhibitor) + 15 ml/kg Hextend infusion over 40 minutes. After 4 hours, the animals who survived received a second infusion of Hextend. The experiment was terminated at 6 hours after initial resuscitation. Data are reported as mean ± SD. Results: All animals in the no therapy group died within 2 hours. Compared to Hextend infusion alone, the addition of NHE-1 inhibition with BIIB513, improved the hemodynamic response to fluid resuscitation (Fig 1 ), increased blood oxygen content, prevented metabolic acidosis, and improved 6 hour survival (42% in Hextend group vs 80% in BIIB513 + Hextend group). NHE-1 inhibition also resulted in reduced plasma levels of TNF-α, ICAM-1 and C-reactive protein, and attenuated neutrophil infiltration in the liver. Conclusion : NHE-1 inhibition with BIIB513 improved the hemodynamic response to fluid resuscitation, attenuated tissue inflammatory mediators, and most importantly improved survival.
Ultrasonography in diagnosis of acute appendicitis
Authors: S. Attwood
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Editor—Douglas et al's trial of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis, and the accompanying editorial, highlight the importance of an accurate diagnosis of acute abdominal pain in the right iliac fossa and the need to avoid unnecessary appendicectomy.1,2 The results indicate that ultrasonography has little practical value in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis because of false positive and false negative results and the inability to identify alternative diagnoses.

Neither article mentioned the increasing use of diagnostic laparoscopy in these cases. This technique makes an accurate diagnosis clearly; this is especially useful in female patients of any age and in elderly men, in whom diagnostic doubt is common. As well as preventing inappropriate appendicectomy, diagnostic laparoscopy defines the correct operative intervention if an alternative diagnosis necessitates surgery. If surgery is not required a definitive management plan is usually clear. A further advantage of laparoscopy is that if surgeons have appropriate training and experience the appendix can be removed laparoscopically, with advantages in patient recovery.3

If the abdominal signs are sufficiently clear to indicate peritonism in the right iliac fossa in elderly patients or female patients of reproductive age there is little to be gained from ultrasonography. Laparoscopy should be undertaken and surgical intervention proceeded to as appropriate.