tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Psychiatry in American Life.
Authors: Charles James Rolo
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Leitfaden der Röntgenologie.
Authors: Heinrich Gerhartz, Henri Chaoul
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Impact of 18F-Choline PET/CT in the Decision-Making Strategy of Treatment Volumes in Definitive Prostate Cancer Volumetric Modulated Radiation Therapy
Authors: Filippo Alongi, Sergio Fersino, Niccolò Giaj Levra, Rosario Mazzola, Francesco Ricchetti, Alba Fiorentino, Ruggero Ruggieri, Veronica Malfatti, Stefano Cavalleri, Matteo Salgarello
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

Introduction Aim of the study is to evaluate the impact of Cho-PET/CT in decision-making strategy of patients with localized prostate cancer (PC) eligible to definitive radiotherapy (RT). Materials and Methods Sixty patients Cho-PET/CT before RT were prospectively enrolled. All patients were treated with volumetric modulated arc therapy with simultaneous integrated boost in 28 fractions. Androgen deprivation therapy was prescribed according to National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) risk classification. Therapeutic strategy based on the Cho-PET/CT evaluation was compared with the strategy that would have been proposed in case of PET not available and/or not strictly indicated, according to international and national PC guidelines. Results Cho-PET/CT was positive in 57 cases (95%): T in 45 (79%); T in combination with N in 8 (14%); and M (bone) in combination with T or N, or both, in 4 (7%). After Cho-PET/CT, patients were stratified as follows: 26 (43%) low risk, 10 (16%) intermediate risk, and 24 (41%) high risk. Cho-PET/CT shifted treatment indication in 13 cases (21%). The changes regarding radiation treatment volumes were as follows: 6 intermediate risk (10%) shifted to high risk and consequently were irradiated on prostate, seminal vesicles, and pelvic nodes PTVs; in 7 high risk (11%), the Cho-PET/CT showed bone and/or N uptake, and consequently, a simultaneous integrated boost on PET positive sites was prescribed. Conclusions Cho-PET/CT seems to be a promising diagnostic tool in patients who are candidates for radical RT and supporting the decision making in treatment planning, in particular in intermediate-high risk.
...which is good experience
Authors: A. M. Connolly, S. Stirling
Journal: BMJ (1995)

EDITOR,--Bryan Christie's news article was encouraging to doctors from Britain who work at Hlabisa Hospital in rural Zululand.1 Many of them experienced discouragement and warnings of “career suicide” when proposing to opt out from accepted career pathways in Britain to work in the developing world for a short period.

It would be heartening if prospective employers in the NHS, whether hospital consultants, general practitioners, or managers, could appreciate the range of experience gained here, as promoted …
Abstract 16175: Total Burden of Out-of-Pocket Costs for Penicillin Prophylaxis for Rheumatic Heart Disease in India: Results From the AIIMS Pediatric RHD Registry
Authors: Anurag Mehta, Anita Saxena, Dhruv S Kazi
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Out-of-pocket costs are a major barrier to medication adherence in low and middle income countries and an important target for policy-level interventions. The total economic burden for patients receiving secondary penicillin prophylaxis for Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD) is uncertain. Methods: We prospectively collected self-reported out-of-pocket drug, transportation, and provider costs from patients in the AIIMS Pediatric RHD Registry. Monthly costs were estimated by adjusting visit costs for frequency of drug administration. Because adverse drug reactions are rare, we did not collect complication-related costs. Mean (±SD) costs are reported in 2013 Indian Rupee (INR) and International Dollars (INT$). Results: In our registry, 230 patients provided cost data over 313 visits. The mean age was 11.8 (±2.9) years, and 83 (36%) were girls. The majority of patients resided in rural areas (n=197, 86%), and were from the lower and upper lower socioeconomic strata (n=160, 70%) on the modified Kuppuswami scale. Nearly all patients hailed from outside Delhi (91%), reflecting the referral population of our tertiary hospital. The monthly out-of-pocket cost was INR 74.92 (±109.00) or INT$ 4.04 (±5.88), drug cost forming 36% of the total costs (INR 26.71 [±11.6]; INT$ 1.44 [± 0.63]). Provider costs (INR 18.21 [±32.48]) and transportation costs (INR 30.00 [±106.51]) comprised 24% and 40% of total costs respectively. Provider and transportation costs exceeded the drug costs for 38% of the patients. Patients traveled 12 (±38) km round trip to obtain penicillin prophylaxis. Conclusions: Drug costs constitute only 36% of the total out-of-pocket cost of penicillin prophylaxis for RHD, with provider costs (24%) and transportation costs (40%) comprising the remainder. Because out-of-pocket costs can be a major barrier to long-term adherence, future efforts must be directed at improving access to and lowering total costs of penicillin prophylaxis for RHD.
Abstract 429: Prediction of Ventricular Arrhythmias by Mechanical Dispersion in Patients After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Kristina H Haugaa, Marit Kristine Smedsrud, Torkel Steen, Erik Kongsgaard, Jan Pal Loennechen, Terje Skjaerpe, Jens-Uwe Voigt, Rik Willems, Gunnar Smith, Otto A Smiseth, Jan P Amlie, Thor Edvardsen
Journal: Circulation (2009)
Genetic polymorphisms of the adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporters (ABCC2, ABCG2) and irinotecan toxicity in cancer patients
Authors: M. Usui, M. Ando, C. Kitagawa, Y. Ando, Y. Sekido, K. Imaizumi, K. Shimokata, Y. Hasegawa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

13096 Background: Irinotecan is subject to substantial interindividual variability in pharmacokinetic and the occurrence of unpredictably severe toxicities of leukopenia or diarrhea. These toxicities have been reported to be associated with increased levels of SN-38, the active metabolite of irinotecan. ABCC2 and ABCG2, members of adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporters, are involved in mediating the elimination of anionic antitumor drugs, such as SN-38 and SN-38G. Recently, Innocenti et al. reported SN-38G AUC and SN-38G/SN-38 AUC ratios were correlated with ABCC2 3972T&gt;C. The variant ABCG2 421C&gt;A was associated with low ABCG2 expression levels and altered sensitivity to several drugs, including SN-38, in vitro as compared with the reference-type protein. Methods: We assessed whether the variants ABCC2 3972T&gt;C and ABCG2 421C&gt;A would be associated with severe toxicity (leucopenia of grade 4 and/or diarrhea of grade 3 or worse) in 120 Japanese cancer patients in which 27 patients experienced severe toxicity. Results: 74 patients (62%) were homozygotes for the reference allele of ABCC2 3972T&gt;C, 39 heterozygous (33%), and 7 homozygous (6%) for the variant, whereas 62 patients (52%) were homozygous for the reference allele of ABCG2 421C&gt;A, 48 heterozygous (40%) and 10 homozygous (8%) for the variant. Logistic regression analysis did not show any significant associations between the occurrence of severe toxicity and carrying these variants (see Table ). Conclusions: It suggests that genotyping of ABCC2 3972T&gt;C and ABCG2 421C&gt;A would not be useful for predicting severe toxicity caused by irinotecan. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Changes in Renal Function in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Michael Böhm, Michael D. Ezekowitz, Stuart J. Connolly, John W. Eikelboom, Stefan H. Hohnloser, Paul A. Reilly, Helmut Schumacher, Martina Brueckmann, Stephan H. Schirmer, Mario T. Kratz, Salim Yusuf, Hans-Christoph Diener, Ziad Hijazi, Lars Wallentin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Master Minds in Medicine. An Analysis of Human Genius as the Instrument in the Evolution of Great Constructive Ideas in the History of Medicine, together with a System of Historic Methodology.
Authors: John C. Hemmeter
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 18820: Estimating Time In Therapeutic Range Using The Percentage of Visits in International Normalized Ratio Range Among Patients with Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Jiyoon Choi, CV Damaraju, Wildgoose Peter, Jeff Schein, Winnie Nelson
Journal: Circulation (2012)

OBJECTIVES: Time in therapeutic range (TTR) has been a quality indicator for level of anticoagulation even though it is not readily available for practitioners to estimate level of anticoagulation for patients. A simpler measure that is based on the number of visits, percentage of visits in international normalized ratio (INR) range (PVIR), may estimate the anticoagulant control. This measure is examined for correlation with TTR levels achieved among patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) in a large retrospective database. METHODS: We analyzed longitudinal patient-level anticoagulation management records collected between 2006 and 2010 by decision support software, CoagClinic™. Adult patients with NVAF with at least 2 anticoagulation clinic visits and no gap &gt;180 days between visits were identified. The Rosendaal method was used to calculate TTR. Anticoagulation visits with 2.0≤ INR≤3.0 was defined as visits within INR range. PVIR was calculated by dividing the number of visits within INR range by the total number of visits. PVIR was stratified by the increment of 10%, and then compared to corresponding TTR. Pearson correlation coefficient between TTR and PVIR was calculated. RESULTS: We identified 36,978 patients who met all inclusion criteria. The mean (±SD) age was 72.3±10.6 years, with 78.4% ≥65 years. The mean (±SD) TTR was 62.2±20.7. On average, patients had 39 visits, of which 23 were in INR range. The average PVIR was 59%. A substantial proportion of patients (79%) had PVIR ≤70%; 18% of patients had PVIR between ≤71% and ≤90%; only about 3% had PVIR ≥91%. PVIR and TTR showed a strong linear relationship (Table 1; Pearson correlation coefficient=0.87). CONCLUSIONS: Percentage of visits in INR range (PVIR) offers a simplified measure for daily practitioners to estimate level of anticoagulation control and help identify patients with poor control.
Comparison of taxane-based (docetaxel or paclitaxel) regimens combined with 5-fluorouracil continuous infusion and low dose leucovorin for advanced gastric carcinoma: Analysis of two phase II trials
Authors: C. Im, H. Jung, S. Rha, J. Ahn, S. Shin, S. Noh, J. Roh, H. Chung
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

15679 Background: We analyzed two phase II studies of paclitaxel- or docetaxel-based regimens combined with the same dose and schedule of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and leucovorin (LV) in advanced gastric cancer. Methods: Patients with advanced gastric adenocarcinoma, a performance status ≤ 2, and adequate organ functions received paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 (FLTaxol) or docetaxel 75 mg/m2 (FLTaxotere) on day 1 followed by a leucovorin bolus 20 mg/m2 (day 1–3) and a 24-hour infusion of 5-FU 1,000 mg/m2 (day 1–3) every 3 weeks. Prophylactic granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) was administered for FLTaxotere from day 4 to 8. On the other hand G-CSF was administered therapeutically for FLTaxol when absolute neutrophil count was ≤ 500/μL. Treatments were continued until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or patient's withdrawal. Results: 60 patients were enrolled in FLTaxol study (37 first-line + 23 second-line) and 66 patients were enrolled in FLTaxotere study (38 first-line + 28 second-line). Overall response rate were comparable between two treatment groups (paclitaxel, 31.6%; docetaxel, 25.7%). With the median follow-up period of 10 months for FLTaxol and 8 months for FLTaxotere, the time-to-progression were 3.1 months (95% C.I., 1.21 - 4.99 months) for FLTaxol and 5.0 months (95% C.I., 3.51 - 6.49 months) for FLTaxotere (P=0.31). Overall survival were also comparable; 10.5 months (95% C.I., 5.73 - 15.27 months) for FLTaxol and 8.4 months (95% C.I., 5.22 - 11.5 months) for FLTaxotere (P=0.20). The most frequent grade 4 adverse event was neutropenia for both (FLTaxol, 36.7%; FLTaxotere, 56.1%). The febrile neutropenia were observed in 11.6% of FLTaxotere treated patients vs. 3.3 % of FLTaxol treated patients. One patient died from septic shock during the first cycle of FLTaxotere treatment. There was no treatment related death during the FLTaxol treatment. Conclusions: The two taxanes are equally active in advanced gastric cancer. Despite the prophylactic use of G-CSF in FLTaxotere treated patients, neutropenia was more frequent and severe in FLTaxotere regimen. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 1525: High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol is Protective Against the Development of Cardiac Rhythm Disturbances in the Non-ST Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Nick Kalayeh, Yosef Kahn, Alon Yarkoni, Francisco J Gonzalez, Akil Loli, Frank Cardello, Robert E Halligan, Richard Gerkin, Kenneth B Desser
Journal: Circulation (2007)

INTRODUCTION: Many studies have demonstrated that reduced high-density lipoproteins (HDL) levels and elevated triglyceride (TG)/HDL ratio correlate with the development of chronic ischemic heart disease. The role of HDL and the development of cardiac rhythm disturbances in the non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is unclear. HYPOTHESIS: We assessed the hypothesis that HDL might be protective against development of cardiac rhythm disturbances. Additionally, any protective effect was compared with TG/HDL and LDL/HDL in this setting. METHODS: A total of 6881 patients who presented during 2000–2003 with non-ST segment elevation ACS had fasting lipid panels collected within the first 24 hours of admission. Patients were followed for the development of rhythm disturbances of up to 6 years after initial presentation, with a mean of 1269 days. These patients were further separated into diabetic and nondiabetic groups. RESULTS: After adjustment for ischemic heart disease, congestive heart failure, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, hypertension, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, age, and body mass index, higher HDL levels were found to be independently protective against developing atrial fibrillation and other cardiac rhythm disturbances. TG/HDL and LDL/HDL were also protective of cardiac arrhythmias but not with the same power as low HDL (HDL &gt; 31mg/dl, HR = 3.69, 95% CI=3.01– 4.53, P &lt; 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Based on the above results, patients with lower HDL levels during hospitalizations with non-ST segment elevation ACS have a greater chance of developing cardiac rhythm disturbances independent of other risk factors. Although higher TG/HDL and LDL/HDL are also predictive, lower HDL is associated with highest OR for the development of cardiac arrhythmia among diabetic and non-diabetic patients with non-ST elevation with ACS.
Ethics at the Bedside
Authors: Charles M. Culver
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

The life of an unconscious, terminally ill father is prolonged by his stubborn daughters over the advice of doctors. Parents of a permanently unconscious child deny the hopelessness of her condition for seven years until faced with having to care for her at home. A woman s wish to die but still receive treatment for pain is at first not accepted by her doctor. These are a few of the scenarios described in this emotionally engaging and thought-provoking book. Physicians, philosophers, theologians, and a legal expert recount a dozen revealing stories about how moral decisions are made in modern hospitals. As the question of medical treatment moves from what is possible to what is proper, more and more people will face the issues raised in this book, whether as patients, relatives, or practitioners.
Federal Income Taxes: Principles and Practice.
Authors: Rossmoore, E. E. , b.
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
INTERNAL COMBUSTION AND HEALTH: WE NEED TO RECONSTITUTE PROGRAMMES AS WELL AS CHANGE OUR ATTITUDES TOWARDS ROAD TRAFFIC
Authors: R C Read, M Green
Journal: BMJ (1990)

This short article expresses concern over the effects upon health of the predicted doubling of traffic in the United Kingdom by the year 2025. Brief details about the effects of exhaust fume pollutants such as nitrogen dioxide, ozone, carbon monoxide, benzene and diesel particulates upon health are presented. The benefits of government intervention are illustrated by the results of the campaign to reduce atmospheric load concentrations, and a case is made for improving air pollution monitoring, and for government measures to decrease the use of cars and lorries.
Lesson of the Week: Near fatal chickenpox during prednisolone treatment
Authors: P Rice, K Simmons, R Carr, J Banatvala
Journal: BMJ (1994)

The incidence of chickenpox (varicella) is increasing; thus, the proportion of cases in England and Wales in those over 14 years of age has increased from 10% to 25% between 1970 and 1990.1 Although usually mild among children, varicella is often severe and occasionally life threatening in adults, particularly in those whose immune systems have been suppressed by disease or treatment with corticosteroids.2,3 Corticosteroids are widely prescribed: over 5.5 million prescriptions for systemic corticosteroids were issued by general practitioners in the United Kingdom for the year ending September 1993 (Intercontinental Medical Statistics, personal communication). We describe a case of severe chickenpox in a patient being treated with high dose corticosteroids and put forward recommendations to reduce the risk of further cases.

Patients taking corticosteroids who are susceptible to chickenpox must receive immediate prophylaxis on contact with varicella; the steroid card should be amended

### Case report

We admitted a 27 year old woman with a 36 hour history of severe lower back pain. She had been taking steroids for six weeks; she started taking prednisolone 60 mg daily for idiopathic thrombocytopenia, but for the two weeks before admission she had been taking 30 mg daily. Twenty four hours after admission she developed a fever of 37.8°C and a maculopapular eruption with vesicles over the neck and shoulders. Vesicular fluid contained herpes virus particles, and we confirmed varicella zoster virus by immunofluorescence. The patient had not had chickenpox before, but she had been in contact with fellow students from her college, where there had been a number of recent cases.

We started treatment with …
Abstract 15836: The Role of the Cholinergic Antiinflammatory Pathway in Murine Autoimmune Myocarditis
Authors: Christoph Leib, Stefan Goser, Doris Luthje, Renate Ottl, Stefan Zittrich, Gabriele Pfitzer, Hugo A Katus, Ziya Kaya
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Objectives: Recent studies revealed an immuno-modulatory property of the vagus nerve referred to as the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. Chemical stimulation of the efferent arm of the vagus ...