tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 16640: Impact of Early Valve Repair for Patients With Asymptomatic Mitral Regurgitation and Normal Left Ventricular Function on Exercise Capacity
Authors: Masaru Ishida, Takafumi Masai, Koji Takeda, Takaaki Itohara, Gengo Sunagawa, Yoshiki Sawa
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background:  Although ACC/AHA guidelines recommend mitral valve repair (MVP) for asymptomatic patients with mitral regurgitation (MR) and normal left ventricular (LV) function (class IIa), there have been little evidences investigating the role of early surgical intervention. The aim of this study is to examine the impacts of early MVP by assessing the change of functional capacity and LV function.   Methods:  Twenty-two patients with MR were prospectively enrolled in this study. All patients underwent successful MVP. There were 18 men and 4 women with a mean age of 58+/−12 years. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) was performed to measure anaerobic threshold (AT), ΔVO2/ΔW, and ΔVE/ΔVCO2 slope before, early and late after MVP. Simultaneous echocardiography was performed to assess LV function. We compare the results between patients with preoperative NYHA class I and LV ejection fraction (EF)>60% (Group A, n=7) and those with more than NYHA class II symptom and/or reduced LV function (Group B, n=15). As a control group, CPX was performed in normal population (n=7).   Result:  Preoperative LV dimension, EF, and degree of MR were similar between groups. However E/e′ (A : 10±3.1 vs B : 23±4.2 ; p=0.05) and mean degree of tricuspid valve regurgitation (A : 0.6±0.8 vs B : 1.7±0.9 ; p=0.01) were significantly higher in the Group B. Degree of MR decreased less than grade 1 in all patients after MVP. In the Group B, NYHA class improved from 2.4±0.6 to 1.3±0.45 (p   Conclusion:  Our study demonstrated that early MVP was feasible in asymptomatic MR with normal LV function in terms of preserved exercise capacity and LV diastolic function.
Role of yoga in modulating fatigue, sleep disturbances, salivary cortisol, and immune measures in breast cancer survivors: A randomized controlled trial.
Authors: R. M. Raghavendra, B. S. Ajaikumar, H. S. Vadiraja, S. Patil, R. B. Diwakar, P. Sashidhara, R. Nagarathna
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

9099 Background: Psychological distress is high in breast cancer patients with metastases and affects their circadian rhythms of sleep and stress hormones. Yoga as a stress reduction and mind-body intervention is increasingly becoming popular among cancer patients globally. In this study we evaluate the effects of an integrated yoga program vs. supportive therapy on these psychoimmune and endocrine outcomes. Methods: Sixty-Six breast cancer survivors with metastatic disease and adequate performance status (Zubrods 0-2) were recruited and randomized to receive yoga or supportive therapy for a period of12 weeks. Subjects completed Pittsburg Insomnia Rating Scale and Fatigue symptom inventory before and after intervention. Diurnal saliva samples were collected and assessed for cortisol (am and pm) using enzyme Immune assay and morning blood samples for Natural killer cell counts determined by flow cytometry before and after intervention. Results: ANCOVA done with respective baseline measure as a covariate between two groups showed significant reductions in fatigue severity (p < 0.001), fatigue interference (p = 0.001), symptom distress (p = 0.008), sleep parameters (p = 0.03), sleep quality of life (p = 0.04) and NK Cell % (p = 0.03). Paired t test showed significant decrease in salivary cortisol in yoga group (p = 0.03) alone. Conclusions: The results offer preliminary support for stress reduction benefits of yoga intervention. However larger randomized controlled trials are needed to validate these findings No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 3334: The Beneficial Role of Endogenous Sca-1+/CD31− Cells in Post-infarction Left Ventricular Remodeling
Authors: Xiaohong Wang, Qinglu Li, Elizabeth Braunlin, From H Arthur, Jianyi Zhang
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Sca-1(Ly-6 A/E) antigen is almost universally expressed in different types of stem cells. However, the role of endogenous marrow or cardiac derived Sca-1+/CD31−/CD45− cells in post myocardial infar...
Abstract 5360: A Nox-2 Containing NADPH Oxidase Plays a Critical Role in Cardiac Remodeling Associated with Doxorubicin Chemotherapy
Authors: Youyou Zhao, Barbara J McDermott, David J Grieve
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Anthracycline antibiotics, such as doxorubicin (DOX), are effective anti-cancer drugs, although their use is limited by a dose-dependent cardiotoxicity. Chronic anthracycline treatment is known to increase myocardial production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are implicated in the processes underlying cardiac remodeling. A Nox2-containing NADPH oxidase is an important source of ROS in the heart. Here, we investigated its role in DOX-induced cardiac remodeling using gene-modified mice lacking Nox2 (KO) and wild-type (WT) littermate controls. Adult male mice (8–10 weeks) were injected with DOX (12 mg/kg cumulative dose) or vehicle control and studied 8 weeks later ( n ≥ 7 per group). Echocardiography indicated that DOX caused significant systolic and diastolic dysfunction in WT mice compared to controls (fractional shortening: 25.3 ± 0.6 vs 34.3 ± 1.2 %; E/A ratio: 1.27 ± 0.05 vs 1.67 ± 0.05; P&lt;0.05). In contrast, contractile function was preserved in KO mice subjected to DOX (fractional shortening: 34.2 ± 1.7 vs 34.8 ± 1.4 %; E/A ratio: 1.39 ± 0.04 vs 1.60 ± 0.09; P=NS). Furthermore, mRNA expression (real-time RT-PCR) of several pro-hypertrophic and pro-fibrotic genes was significantly increased by DOX in WT (eg ANP: 326 ± 63; β-MHC: 266 ± 68; procollagen III: 56 ± 18; MMP-9: 46 ± 11 %, P&lt;0.05) but not KO mice (eg ANP: −6 ± 27; β-MHC: 23 ± 22; procollagen III: 4 ± 11; MMP-9: −11 ± 10 %, P=NS) compared to controls. Myocardial NADPH oxidase activity (lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence) was also significantly increased by DOX in WT but not KO mice (88 ± 28 vs −6 ± 13 %, P&lt;0.05). This was associated with increased mRNA expression of Nox2 and Nox4 in WT DOX-treated mice (74 ± 33 and 106 ± 35 %, respectively; P&lt;0.05), whereas Nox4 mRNA remained unchanged in KO mice (0.6 ± 15 %, P=NS). Isolated ventricular cardiomyocytes subjected to acute DOX treatment (0.5 μM for 3 h) demonstrated similar changes in superoxide production and Nox isoform and pro-hypertrophic/fibrotic gene expression, which were attenuated by the AT 1 antagonist, losartan (10 μM) in WT cells. Conclusion: These data suggest that ROS derived specifically from a Nox2-containing NADPH oxidase make a significant contribution to the processes underlying cardiac remodeling associated with doxorubicin chemotherapy.
Abstract 17554: Mice with Endothelial-Targeted Inactivation of Ppap2b (Lipid Phosphate Phosphatase 3) Display Enhanced Vascular Inflammation
Authors: Manikandan Panchatcharam, Sumitra Miriyala, Jessica Wheeler, Abdel K Salous, Anping Dong, Manjula Sunkara, Andrew J Morris, Diana Escalante-Alcalde, Susan S Smyth.
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Meta-analysis of data from a series of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) revealed a striking association between the PPAP2B locus and coronary artery disease. The PPAP2B gene encodes for lipid...
Abstract 13174: MR-based Calf Muscle Perfusion Index Correlates with Treadmill Exercise Test Parameters in Patients with Peripheral Arterial Diseases
Authors: Stephanie Clement-Guinaudeau, Matthew L Topel, Arshad Ali, Joseph C Poole, Elizabeth Rocco, Ali S Khan, Amr M Rashed, Xiaodong Zhong, Frederick H Epstein, Christopher M Kramer, Arshed A Quyyumi, John N Oshinski
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Introduction: Current methods designed to assess the efficacy of therapeutic interventions in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) are limited by variability and changes representing the...
Abstract 18953: Phosphoproteomic Analysis in the Endothelial Cells Damaged by Hyperphosphatemia
Authors: Tomoyo Kitamura, Yutaka Taketani, Eriko Watari, Asuka Shiota, Tan Vu Van, Terumi Tanaka, Hironori Yamamoto, Eiji Takeda
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Recent epidemiological analyses have demonstrated that hyperphosphatemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in healthy population as well as chronic kidney disease patients. Hyperpho...
Abstract 3955: Chemokines Fused to a Fractalkine Backbone and a GPI-Anchor Attract Embryonic Endothelial Progenitor Cells to the Site of Ischemia
Authors: Chiraz El-Aouni, Franziska Globisch, Achim Pfosser, Georg Stachel, Rabea Hinkel, Peter Boekstegers, Peter Nelson, Christian Kupatt
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells to the sites of ischemia is a prerequisite for efficient therapeutic neovascularization via vasculogenesis. Chemokines play a major role in the homing of EPCs at the ischemic vasculature, a mechanism fading in chronic ischemia. To overcome this limitation, we constructed an artificial adhesion molecule consisting of a GPI-anchor, a fractalkine-backbone and an SDF-1 head (SDF-1-fra-GPI), which was applied for enhanced recruitment of embryonic EPCs (eEPCs: CXCR4++, Tie2++, Thrombomodulin++, CD34-, MHCI-, vWF inducible, eNOS inducible) in vitro and in vivo . Methods: In a flow chamber adhesion assay, Control plasmids (pcDNA or GPI-SDF-1 cDNA) were compared to the SDF-1-fra-GPI construct for eEPC recruitment 24h after liposomal transfection of rat endothelial cells. In vivo, in rabbits (n=5 per group) at day 7 (d7) after femoral artery excision, 1 mg of the SDF-1-fra-GPI or eGFP cDNA was transfected into the ischemic limb. At d9, ischemic hindlimbs were retroinfused with 5x10 6 eEPCs. Angiography was performed for collateral quantification and frame count score at d9 and d37 (% of d9), capillary density was assessed via PECAM-1-staining (capillaries/muscle fiber = c/mf). Results: In vitro, eEPC adhesion (16±12 cells/field) was increased to a higher extent by SDF-1-fra-GPI (79±13) than SDF1-GPI (54±8) or control vector (37±8). In vivo , eEPC adhesion in the ischemic hindlimb after SDF-1-fra-GPI transfection compared to mock transfection (30±3 vs. 9±1 cells/field). Whereas capillary density was unaffected (1.66±0.30 SDF-1-Fra-GPI vs. 1.56±0.29 eEPCs), collateral growth (152±10% SDF-1-fra-GPI vs. 124±13%) as well as perfusion score (198±17% SDF-1-fra-GPI vs.160±6% eEPCs) further increased after SDF-1-fra-GPI transfection (controls: 1.24±0.12 c/mf, collaterals 105±8%, perfusion score 112±11%). We conclude that recruitment of EPCs expressing CXCR4 (the SDF-1 receptor) may benefit from pre-treatment of the recipient vasculature with SDF-1-Fra-GPI, an artificial adhesion molecule. This approach might be valuable for enhancing EPC recruitment in the scenario of therapeutic neovascular-ization of chronic ischemic syndromes.
Persistence of multipotent progenitors expressing AML1/ETO transcripts in long-term remission patients with t(8;21) acute myelogenous leukemia
Authors: T Miyamoto, K Nagafuji, K Akashi, M Harada, T Kyo, T Akashi, K Takenaka, S Mizuno, H Gondo, T Okamura, H Dohy, Y Niho
Journal: Blood (1996)
Severe ostial saphenous vein graft disease leading to acute coronary syndromes following proximal aorto-saphenous anastomoses with the symmetry bypass connector device
Authors: Jeffrey J. Cavendish, William F. Penny, Michael M. Madani, Shahin Keramati, Ori Ben-Yehuda, Daniel G. Blanchard, Ehtisham Mahmud, Anthony Perricone, Sotirios Tsimikas
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Abstract 3881: Determinants of Impaired Nitric Oxide Synthesis in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure
Authors: W. H. Wilson Tang, Zhili Shao, Zeneng Wang, Akanksha Thakur, Praneet Kumar, Allen G Borowski, Kevin Shrestha, Stanley L Hazen
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background: Recent studies have identified strong clinical prognostic value of monitoring indices of dysregulated arginine metabolism. The hemodynamic determinants of dysregulated arginine metaboli...
Abstract 5501: Reduced Coronary Reserve as a Mechanism in Beta-Adrenergic Receptor Mediated Cardiomyopathy and its Rescue by Adenylyl Cyclase Type 5 Knockout
Authors: Shumin Gao, Lin Yan, Chull Hong, Xin Zhao, Li Chen, You-Tang Shen, Stephen F Vatner, Dorothy E Vatner
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Reduced coronary reserve (CR) is a cardinal feature of human cardiomyopathy, but it has not been studied extensively in mouse models of cardiomyopathy, potentially because of difficulties inherent to measuring CR in such a small heart. The first goal of this study was to determine if reduced CR is a potential mechanism involved in a transgenic (Tg) mouse model of cardiomyopathy, induced by cardiac overexpression of beta 2 -adrenergic receptors (beta 2 -AR Tg). Older beta 2 -AR Tg mice (16–17 months, n=7) developed cardiomyopathy, as reflected by decreased LV ejection fraction (LVEF, 50±7%), and increased fibrosis (5.2±0.4%) and apoptosis (3.8±0.6%). CR was obtained by measuring LV coronary blood flow at baseline and with adenosine (160 microg/kg/min) induced hyperemia using high resolution ultrasound (Vevo 770). CR was significantly decreased in beta 2 -AR Tg (1.8±0.2) compared with wild type (WT) (3.0±0.3, n=6). The next goal was to determine if the rescue of the beta 2 -AR Tg cardiomyopathy resulted in a rescue of reduced CR. Since adenylyl cyclase type 5 knockout (AC5 KO) mice are protected against catecholamine stress and the development of heart failure (HF), and exhibit enhanced CR (3.7±0.4, n=5), we hypothesized that mating these mice with beta 2 -AR Tg might rescue the cardiomyopathy. Older (16–17 months, n=4) bigenic mice (beta 2 -AR Tg x AC5 KO) demonstrated a rescue of cardiomyopathy, as reflected by normalized LVEF (71±1%) and levels of apoptosis (0.11±0.01%) and fibrosis (1.09±0.33%), similar to WT. In these mice, CR was also normalized (3.4±0.6). Reduced CR in beta 2 -AR Tg cardiomyopathy is similar to that observed in large mammalian models, and in patients with cardiomyopathy. Thus, this mechanism is important to consider in mouse models of cardiomyopathy, in general, and also in particular for the mechanism of the rescue of the beta 2 -AR Tg cardiomyopathy by AC5 KO.
Abstract 008: Genomic and Epigenomic Integration Reveals LY86 as an Important Gene for Obesity
Authors: Shaoyong Su, Haidong Zhu, Yanbin Dong, Gaston Kapuku, Frank Treiber, Bernard Gutin, Gregory Harshfield, Harold Snieder, Xiaoling Wang
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background Emerging evidence shows that both genetics and epigenetics play important roles in the pathogenesis of obesity. We predicted that integration of genomic and epigenomic data would increas...
Influence of endogenous hormone and xenoestrogens on cytotoxic treatment in prostate cancer
Authors: Janet K. Hess-Wilson, Hannah Daly, Karen Knudsen
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 47, 2006

426 

It is well established that androgen plays a critical role in the development, progression and treatment of prostatic adenocarcinoma. Currently, androgen ablation therapy is the treatment of choice for patients with prostate cancer, as the majority of early prostate cancer cells respond to androgen ablation via apoptosis. This treatment modality confers unequivocal, however only temporary, benefit for patients. Unfortunately, subsets of cells arise which are refractory to treatment and survive in the absence of androgen. As such, new and alternative strategies are highly sought after to improve local control and long-term survival outcomes for patients with this disease. Recently, Phase III trials examining the cytotoxic agent paclitaxel, which binds to polymerized tubulin and promotes microtubule stability leading to cellular apoptosis, have currently been completed for use in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer. These studies found slight improved survival for late stage treatment, however, the use of paclitaxel as a treatment modality for prostate cancer may be most successful when combined with androgen deprivation therapy. It is increasingly appreciated that in a percentage of advanced prostate cancers, AR can be activated by an expanded set of endogenous steroids or exogenous steroid mimics. It is known that endogenous hormones and select xenoestrogens can decrease the efficacy of androgen deprivation therapy. Additionally, the androgen receptor (AR) can act as a survival factor in prostate cancer cells, as testosterone protects cells from undergoing apoptosis induced by numerous mechanisms. Therefore, we examined the ability of these agents to alter the effect of paclitaxel-induced apoptosis on prostate cancer cells. Our data demonstrate that selected endogenous hormones and xenoestrogens can significantly impact the response to cytotoxic therapy, dependent in part on androgen receptor status.
Conclusions of study are unwarranted
Authors: P. A Sugarman
Journal: BMJ (1995)

EDITOR,—Michael King and colleagues draw some unwarranted conclusions from their study on psychosis in ethnic groups.1 On the basis of their finding of high rates of both schizophrenia and affective psychoses in black and Asian patients they suggest that “the current focus on African Caribbeans and schizophrenia [is] misleading.” High rates of serious mental …
Prenatal growth markers in schizophrenia: a monozygotic co-twin control study
Authors: J O Davis, H S Bracha
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1996)

This co-twin study investigated monozygotic twins who were discordant for schizophrenia for evidence of prenatal growth differences between the affected and well co-twins.Four dermatoglyphic markers of prenatal growth were obtained by established procedures from 26 monozygotic twin pairs discordant for schizophrenia, 13 monozygotic twin pairs concordant for schizophrenia, and several normal monozygotic twin samples.The a-b ridge count differences between the affected and well co-twins were greater than those found for concordant and normal monozygotic pairs. In comparison with their well co-twins, the affected twins, in discordant pairs, had developed fewer epidermal ridges in the a-b interdigital area of their right palms. In contrast, no significant differences were found between the affected twins and their well co-twins on markers associated with fetal development before 13 or after 15 weeks estimated gestational age.Because the a-b ridges are known to complete development between 13 and 15 weeks estimated gestational age, the results provide physical evidence suggesting that the schizophrenia-affected monozygotic twins alone experienced a time-specific and time-limited dysgenesis during this time. Commonalities in the ontogeny of epidermal and neurological structures are discussed.
Abstract 3968: Bone Marrow Derived Growth Differentiation Factor-15 (GDF-15) Protects from Macrophage Accumulation and Effects Atherosclerotic Lesion Stabilisation in Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Null Mice
Authors: Michael R Preusch, Jens Strelau, Matthias Baeuerle, Erwin Blessing, Marc Bischof, Ralf Kinscherf, Klaus Unsicker, Hugo A Katus, Florian Bea
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Atherosclerosis is considered to be a chronic inflammatory disease. Macrophages are the prime sources of a variety of inflammatory cytokines and growth factors, which contribute to the initiation and progression of atherosclerotic lesions. The cytokine growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) is a newly discovered member of the transforming growth factor-beta cytokine. GDF-15 participates in vascular inflammation and is mostly expressed by macrophages within the lesions. In this study the impact of GDF-15 deficiency in bone marrow-derived cells on atherogenesis in a mouse model was examined. Bone marrow from GDF15 −/−or GDF-15 +/+ mice was transplanted into lethally irradiated low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR−/−) mice (n=38). Twentyfour weeks after administration of a high-fat/high-cholesterol Western type diet atherosclerotic lesion size within the aortic root as well as macrophage content was quantified and compared. In addition features of lesion destabilisation like size of the necrotic core, thinning of the fibrous cap, intra-plaque hemorrhage and calcification were evaluated. In an in-vitro experiment peritoneal macrophages from transplanted mice were harvested and stimulated with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα). Transplantation of GDF-15 −/− bone marrow cells resulted in an enhanced macrophage accumulation within the atherosclerotic lesions (ratio mac/lesion 0.51 versus 0.31; p&lt;0.05) and a significant thinning of the fibrous cap (30.5 versus 48.5 μm; p&lt;0.05). Cell culture experiments demonstrated that macrophages from GDF-15 −/− mice had a much higher induction of ICAM-1 and MCP-1 after stimulation with TNFα in comparison to wildtype peritoneal macrophages. However no difference in lesion size could be reported. Furthermore, there was no difference in plasma lipid levels and body weight. Our data indicates that bone marrow derived GDF-15 protects from macrophage accumulation within atherosclerotic lesions and promotes lesion stabilisation possibly due to inhibition of adhesion molecules and MCP-1.
KG-135 arrests cell cycle at G1 phase and potentiates anti-cancer drug activity in HeLa cells
Authors: Joon-Seok Choi, Won-Hee Lee, Mi-Ran Byun, Byoung-Duck Park, Jung-Hill Park, Seung-Ki Lee
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

1544   KG-135 is a mixture that consists of three major heat-processed ginseng specific ginsenosides, Rg3, Rg5, and Rk1. We demonstrated that KG-135 arrests cancer cell growth and sensitizes cancer cells to anti-cancer drug treatment. KG-135 inhibits cell growth in both dose- and time-dependent manners with IC 50  values about 60 μM in human cervix adenocarcinoma HeLa cells. KG-135-treated HeLa cells were arrested its cell cycle at G1 phase in FACS analysis but little increased in caspase-3 activities. After KG-135 treatment, intracellular level of Cyclin A and Cyclin E were dramatically decreased and level of p21 WAF1/Cip1  and p27 were increased, but p16 INK4a  level was not changed. Therefore, cell growth inhibitory effect of KG-135 is caused by the decrease of Cyclin A and Cyclin E and by the increase of p21WAF1/Cip1 and p27. Moreover, when KG-135 was co-treated with anti-cancer drugs in HeLa cells, the co-treated cells were more sensitive to apoptosis than cells that were treated anti-cancer drug alone. In FACS analysis for co-treated HeLa cells, sub G1 peak has increased over 4 fold and in caspase-3 activity assay, caspase-3 activity of co-treated HeLa cells has increased about 2 fold higher than anti-cancer drug alone group.These results indicate that KG-135 arrests cell cycle at G1 phase via expression level control for cell cycle regulators and KG-135 has a possibility for developing anti-cancer therapy as a supplement.
Abstract 19891: Physical Activity Makes a Difference: Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditure and Quality-of-Life in Patients with Primary Hypertension
Authors: Christopher S Lee, Grant H Skrepnek
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Regular physical activity is a guideline-recommended component of disease management in patients with hypertension (HTN). Purpose: To examine the associations of out-of-pocket health ca...