tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Beamion LUNG-2: A phase III randomized controlled trial of zongertinib (BI 1810631) versus standard of care (SoC) in patients with locally advanced/metastatic non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring <i>HER2</i> tyrosine kinase domain (TKD) mutations.
Authors: Melissa Lynne Johnson, Ross A. Soo, Yi-Long Wu, Navid Baktash, Daniela Maier, Sabina Eigenbrod-Giese, Tatsuya Yoshida
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2024)

TPS8654 Background: HER2mutations are present in 2–4% of NSCLC tumors, and ~50% occur in the TKD. First-line SoC for patients with HER2mutation-positive (m+) NSCLC is platinum-based chemotherapy ± immunotherapy; however, no targeted first-line treatment has been approved. Zongertinib is a HER2-selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) that binds to both wild-type and mutated HER2 but spares EGFR. In a Phase Ia trial in 53 pre-treated patients with HER2 aberration-positive solid tumors, zongertinib conferred an objective response (OR)/disease control rate (DCR) of 49/91% and an OR/DCR of 58/97% in those patients with HER2m+ NSCLC (n=36), with manageable safety with few EGFR-associated toxicities (Beamion LUNG-1; NCT04886804). Here, we describe Beamion LUNG-2 (NCT06151574), a Phase III, randomized, active-controlled, open-label trial designed to assess the efficacy of first-line zongertinib versus SoC in patients with HER2m+, locally advanced or metastatic non-squamous NSCLC. Methods: Approximately 270 patients from ~160 sites across 30 countries will be randomized 1:1 to receive either zongertinib or SoC and stratified by the presence of the A775_G77insYVMA HER2 mutation. In the experimental treatment arm, patients will receive 120 mg oral zongertinib once-daily in 21-day cycles. In the comparator treatment arm, patients will receive 500 mg/m 2 intravenous pemetrexed chemotherapy, plus either 75 mg/m 2 cisplatin or Area Under the Curve 5 carboplatin, plus 200 mg pembrolizumab on Day 1 once every 3 weeks (q3w) for four 21-day cycles, then maintenance with 500 mg/m 2 pemetrexed plus 200 mg pembrolizumab q3w for up to 35 cycles. Treatment in both arms will continue until progressive disease (PD; RECIST 1.1), undue toxicity, or other criteria are met. The primary endpoint is progression-free survival (RECIST 1.1), by blinded central independent review. Secondary endpoints include OR (defined as best overall response of complete or partial response, RECIST 1.1); patient-reported outcomes analysed as changes from baseline to Week 25; overall survival and occurrence of adverse events (CTCAE version 5.0). Key inclusion criteria are histologically or cytologically diagnosed advanced and/or metastatic non-squamous NSCLC; ≥1 measurable lesion (RECIST 1.1); no prior systemic treatment for locally advanced or metastatic disease; a documented HER2 TKD mutation; and eligibility to receive the selected SoC. Key exclusion criteria are tumors with targetable alterations with an available treatment; presence/history of uncontrolled/symptomatic leptomeningeal disease; and radiotherapy or major surgery ≤4 weeks prior to randomization. Clinical trial information: NCT06151574 .
A landscape of globe research trends on minimally invasive glaucoma surgical techniques: a correspondence on bibliometrics analysis
Authors: Danrui Cai, Fangshi Xu, Ling Bai, Ziyao Liu
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

aDepartment of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China bDepartment of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China cDepartment of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article. Published online ■ ■ *Corresponding author. Address: Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157, West Five Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, China. Tel: +86 29 87679449. E-mail address: [email protected] (Z. Liu). This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives License 4.0, which allows for redistribution, commercial and non-commercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged and in whole, with credit to the author. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/
Trends in Sedative Prescription Among Older Adults after Critical Illness: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Lisa D. Burry, Chaim M. Bell, Andrea Hill, Ruxandra Pinto, Damon C. Scales, Susan E. Bronskill, Louise Rose, David Williamson, Robert Fowler, Hannah Wunsch
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2024)
Comparing upfront surgery with neoadjuvant treatments in patients with resectable, borderline resectable or locally advanced pancreatic cancer: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Jiaxin He, Na Lv, Zhenyi Yang, Yixuan Luo, Wen Zhong, Chunli Wu
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

The aim was to explore the optimal neoadjuvant therapy strategy for resectable, borderline resectable, and locally advanced pancreatic cancer, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the development of new neoadjuvant treatment protocols for clinical use.
Multimodal learning system integrating electronic medical records and hysteroscopic images for reproductive outcome prediction and risk stratification of endometrial injury: a multicenter diagnostic study
Authors: Bohan Li, Hui Chen, Xiaona Lin, Hua Duan
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

Objective: To develop a multimodal learning application system that integrates electronic medical records (EMR) and hysteroscopic images for reproductive outcome prediction and risk stratification of patients with intrauterine adhesions (IUAs) resulting from endometrial injuries. Materials and methods: EMR and 5014 revisited hysteroscopic images of 753 posthysteroscopic adhesiolysis patients from the multicenter IUA database we established were randomly allocated to training, validation, and test datasets. The respective datasets were used for model development, tuning, and testing of the multimodal learning application. MobilenetV3 was employed for image feature extraction, and XGBoost for EMR and image feature ensemble learning. The performance of the application was compared against the single-modal approaches (EMR or hysteroscopic images), DeepSurv and ElasticNet models, along with the clinical scoring systems. The primary outcome was the natural conception prediction accuracy, and the secondary outcome was the assisted reproductive technology (ART) benefit ratio after risk stratification. Results: The multimodal learning system exhibited superior performance in predicting natural conception within 1-year, achieving areas under the curves of 0.967 (95% CI: 0.950–0.985), 0.936 (95% CI: 0.883–0.989), and 0.965 (95% CI: 0.935–0.994) in the training, validation, and test datasets, respectively, surpassing single-modal approaches, other models and clinical scoring systems (all P &lt;0.05). The application of the model operated seamlessly on the hysteroscopic platform, with an average analysis time of 3.7±0.8 s per patient. By employing the application’s conception probability-based risk stratification, mid-high-risk patients demonstrated a significant ART benefit (odds ratio=6, 95% CI: 1.27−27.8, P =0.02), while low-risk patients exhibited good natural conception potential, with no significant increase in conception rates from ART treatment ( P =1). Conclusions: The multimodal learning system using hysteroscopic images and EMR demonstrates promise in accurately predicting the natural conception of patients with IUAs and providing effective postoperative stratification, potentially contributing to ART triage after IUA procedures.
Application of radiomics for preoperative prediction of lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer: A systematic review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Elahe Abbaspour, Sahand Karimzadhagh, Abbas Monsef, Farahnaz Joukar, Fariborz Mansour-Ghanaei, Soheil Hassanipour
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) stands as the third most prevalent cancer globally, projecting 3.2 million new cases and 1.6 million deaths by 2040. Accurate lymph node metastasis (LNM) detection is critical for determining optimal surgical approaches, including preoperative neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and surgery, which significantly influence CRC prognosis. However, conventional imaging lacks adequate precision, prompting exploration into radiomics, which addresses this shortfall by converting medical images into reproducible, quantitative data. Methods: Following PRISMA, Supplemental Digital Content 1, http://links.lww.com/JS9/C77, Supplemental Digital Content 2, http://links.lww.com/JS9/C78 and AMSTAR-2 guidelines, Supplemental Digital Content 3, http://links.lww.com/JS9/C79, we systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases until January 11, 2024, to evaluate radiomics models’ diagnostic precision in predicting preoperative LNM in CRC patients. The quality and bias risk of the included studies were assessed using the Radiomics Quality Score (RQS) and the modified Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2) tool. Subsequently, statistical analyses were conducted. Results: Thirty-six studies encompassing 8,039 patients were included, with a significant concentration in 2022-2023 (20/36). Radiomics models predicting LNM demonstrated a pooled area under the curve (AUC) of 0.814 (95% CI: 0.78-0.85), featuring sensitivity and specificity of 0.77 (95% CI: 0.69, 0.84) and 0.73 (95% CI: 0.67, 0.78), respectively. Subgroup analyses revealed similar AUCs for CT and MRI-based models, and rectal cancer models outperformed colon and colorectal cancers. Additionally, studies utilizing cross-validation, 2D segmentation, internal validation, manual segmentation, prospective design, and single-center populations tended to have higher AUCs. However, these differences were not statistically significant. Radiologists collectively achieved a pooled AUC of 0.659 (95% CI: 0.627, 0.691), significantly differing from the performance of radiomics models ( P &lt; 0.001). Conclusion: Artificial intelligence-based radiomics shows promise in preoperative lymph node staging for CRC, exhibiting significant predictive performance. These findings support the integration of radiomics into clinical practice to enhance preoperative strategies in CRC management.
Global assessment of military and civilian trauma systems integration: a scoping review
Authors: Michael D. Baird, Emad S. Madha, Matthew Arnaouti, Gabrielle L. Cahill, Sadeesh N. Hewa Kodikarage, Rachel E. Harris, Timothy P. Murphy, Megan C. Bartel, Elizabeth L. Rich, Yasar G. Pathirana, Eungjae Kim, Paul A. Bain, Ghassan T. Alswaiti, Amila S. Ratnayake, Tamara J. Worlton, Michelle N. Joseph
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

Background: The global burden of trauma disproportionately affects low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), with variability in trauma systems between countries. Military and civilian healthcare systems have a shared interest in building trauma capacity for use during peace and war. However, in LMICs it is largely unknown if and how these entities work together. Understanding the successful integration of these systems can inform partnerships that can strengthen trauma care. This scoping review aims to identify examples of military-civilian trauma systems integration and describe the methods, domains, and indicators associated with integration including barriers and facilitators. Methods: A scoping review of all appropriate databases was performed to identify papers with evidence of military and civilian trauma systems integration. After manuscripts were selected for inclusion, relevant data was extracted and coded into methods of integration, domains of integration, and collected information regarding indicators of integration, which were further categorized into facilitators or barriers. Results: 74 studies were included with authors from 18 countries describing experiences in 23 countries. There was a predominance of authorship and experiences from High Income Countries (91.9% and 75.7%, respectively). Five key domains of integration were identified; Academic Integration was the most common (45.9%). Among indicators, the most common facilitator was administrative support and the lack of this was the most common barrier. The most common method of integration was Collaboration (50%). Conclusion: Current evidence demonstrates the existence of military and civilian trauma systems integration in several countries. High-income country data dominates the literature, and thus a more robust understanding of trauma systems integration, inclusive of all geographic locations and income statuses, is necessary prior to development of a framework to guide integration. Nonetheless, the facilitators identified in this study describe the factors and environment in which integration is feasible and highlight optimal indicators of entry.
A progress of research on application of fascial plane blocks in surgeries and their future direction: Review article
Authors: Sandeep Bhushan, Xian Liu, Fenglin Jiang, Xiaowei Wang, Long Mao, Zongwei Xiao
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

Fascial plane blocks (FPBs) are gaining popularity in clinical settings owing to their improved analgesia when combined with either traditional regional anesthesia or general anesthesia during the perioperative phase. The scope of study on FPBs has substantially increased over the past 20 years, yet the exact mechanism, issues linked to the approaches, and direction of future research on FPBs are still up for debate. Given that it can be performed at all levels of the spine and provides analgesia to most areas of the body, the erector spinae plane block (ESPB), one of the FPBs, has been extensively studied for chronic rational pain, visceral pain, abdominal surgical analgesia, imaging, and anatomical mechanisms. This has led to the contention that the ESPB is the ultimate Plan A block. Yet even though the future of the FPBs is promising, the unstable effect, the probability of local anesthetic poisoning, and the lack of consensus on the definition and assessment of the FPB’s success are still the major concerns. In order to precisely administer FPBs to patients who require analgesia in this condition, an algorithm that uses artificial intelligence is required. This algorithm will assist healthcare professionals in practicing precision medicine.
40th Anniversary Virtual Issues: Evolutionary Impacts of Endosymbiosis
Authors: Casey McGrath
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2024)

To celebrate the 40th anniversary of the first issue of Molecular Biology and Evolution, the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution (SMBE) journals are publishing a series of virtual issues in 2024.These virtual issues contain selected papers published in the society's journals, Molecular Biology and Evolution and Genome Biology and Evolution.Each virtual issue is accompanied by a Perspective that highlights the historic and contemporary contributions of our journals to a specific topic in molecular evolution.
Inferior Vena Cava Occlusion with Significant Collateralization
Authors: Shabih Manzar
Journal: Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions (2024)

We report a case of a preterm infant who underwent transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) with Amplatzer Piccolo device through the left femoral vein. During the procedure, a partially occluded inferior vena cava (IVC) with significant collateralization was noted. The catheter was negotiated using a coronary guide wire and the infant tolerated the procedure well. Interestingly, the infant had a normal IVC in prior radiological films. The cause of this acquired occluded IVC remained obscure.
Inflammation and Atherosclerosis
Authors: Tania Leme da Rocha Martinez
Journal: Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions (2024)

There are many biochemical elements implicated with the inflammation mediators and markers and this review show their identities and their atherosclerotic effects. Cytokines identified as participants in the mechanisms of atherogenesis were first discovered as involved in the process of natural (or innate) and specific (or acquired) immunity, responsible for defending against foreign organisms such as viral or bacterial agents. They are protein hormones produced mainly by mononuclear phagocytes (monocins) in direct response to microbes, or originated from T lymphocytes (lymphocins) when stimulated by antigen, as part of specific immunity. T lymphocytes produce several cytokines that primarily serve to regulate the activation, growth and differentiation of the various lymphocyte populations. Other cytokines derived from the T lymphocyte work primarily in the activation and regulation of inflammatory cells, such as mononuclear phagocytes, neutrophils and eosinophils. Thus, cytokines derived from T lymphocyte are effector molecules of cell-mediated immunity, and are also responsible for communications between the cells of the immune and inflammatory systems.
ECG at the Bedside: Atrial Bigeminy with Alternating long and Short PR Interval
Authors: Jochanan E. Naschitz
Journal: Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions (2024)

The admission electrocardiogram of an 88-year-old woman, showed sinus rhythm, biphasic P waves in leads II, III, with the terminal vector directed upward, P duration 130 msec, PR interval 200 msec, consistent with advanced inter-atrial block. Next, atrial bigeminy occurred originating in the left atrium and delaying the sinus P waves. With the ectopic P’ measuring 60 msec, the likely path of left atrial stimuli to delaying the sinus node was through Bachmann’s bundle, by retrograde conduction. This means that inter-atrial conduction via Bachmann bundle.
Corrigendum to “ICG‐Conjugated and <sup>125</sup>I‐Labeled Polymeric Micelles with High Biosafety for Multimodality Imaging‐Guided Photothermal Therapy of Tumors” [Supporting Information for Adv. Healthcare Mater., https://doi.org/10.1002/adhm.201901616]
Authors: Lijun Yang, Congrou Zhang, Jinjian Liu, Fan Huang, Yumin Zhang, Xing‐Jie Liang, Jianfeng Liu
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)
Incidence of acute kidney injury and attributive mortality in acute respiratory distress syndrome randomized trials
Authors: Edoardo Antonucci, Bruno Garcia, David Chen, Michael A. Matthay, Kathleen D. Liu, Matthieu Legrand
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2024)

The development of acute kidney injury (AKI) after the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) reduces the chance of organ recovery and survival. The purpose of this study was to examine the AKI rate and attributable mortality in ARDS patients.
Voice Controlled Catheterisation Laboratory
Authors: N John Camm
Journal: Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions (2024)

Voice-controlled catheterization laboratory is future technology that would be designed to make the process of catheterization safer and more efficient. Cardiac Catheterization is a common procedure including Angiography and Angioplasty. The current method of catheterization uses manual lab, which can be cumbersome, stressful and prone to errors, especially in critical procedures. Voice-controlled catheterization laboratory utilizes voice commands and natural language processing to operate the Cath Lab. The system is programmed to respond to voice commands and execute the desired movement with accuracy and precision. This technology eliminates the need for manual control, reducing the risk of human error and enabling Cardiologists to concentrate on the procedure. In addition, voice control allows for faster, more efficient catheterization, which can save time and resources in a hospital setting. Voice-controlled catheterization laboratory is the future of cardiac procedures, providing a safer and more efficient way to perform catheterization. This article review the technology that is expected to become widely adopted in the near future and will significantly improve the quality of cardiovascular procedure.
Evaluation of Reactive Oxygen Species Scavenging of Polydopamine with Different Nanostructures
Authors: Yuyi Zheng, Xiaojie Chen, Qi Zhang, Lin Yang, Qi Chen, Zhong Chen, Yi Wang, Di Wu
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

https://doi.org/10.1002/adhm.202302640 In the original version of this article, Figure 6E-(Sham group) was incorrect due to a mix-up in uploading images. This was not noticed at the time of submission and publication. The correct Figure 6 is shown below. These changes do not affect the overall conclusions of this study. The authors apologize for any inconvenience caused.
Long-Term Performance of Mechanical and Biological Prostheses in Young Rheumatics aged below 45 years undergoing Combined Mitral and Aortic Valve Replacements: A Propensity-Matched Study
Authors: Ujjwal Kumar Chowdhury
Journal: Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions (2024)

Background and Aim: We compared 23-year composites of valve-related reoperation, morbidity, and mortality following combined mitral and aortic mechanical and bioprostheses in young rheumatics aged &lt;45years. Methods: Retrospective comparative analysis of valve-related reoperations and survival data were performed from 498 consecutive propensity matched patients undergoing either bioprosthetic MVR (Group I, n=249) or mechanical MVR (Group II, n=249) between 1998 and 2022. Results: The median age was 33 (IQR: 27-40) and 33 (IQR: 28-39) years for Group I and II respectively. The median follow-up was 134 months (IQR: 99.5-178.5) with 5281.8 patient-years data in both biological and mechanical arm. Bioprosthetic arm exhibited lesser cumulative mortality (3.6% vs 4.8%, SMD= -0.18, p=0.01). Hazard regression for mortality included (HR, 95% CI) included preoperative CHF on inotropes and ventilator 9.84 (4.54, 18.64), p&lt;0.001, renal failure requiring peritoneal/hemodialysis 11.64, (6.57, 20.64), p&lt;0.001, atrial fibrillation 3.83 (1.63, 8.98), p&lt;0.002, reoperation for thrombosed mechanical and degenerated bioprostheses 5.38, (3.09, 9.35), p&lt;0.001, previous operation 3.53, (1.93, 6.45), p&lt;0.001, poor left ventricular function 4.25, (2.29, 7.88), p&lt;0.001, prolonged aortic clamp time 3.84, (2.19, 6.78), p&lt;0.001, and prolonged CPB time 2.69, (1.84, 8.68), p&lt;0.001. Propensity score matching did not exhibit any difference in reoperation between two groups (Group I vs Group II: 13.6% vs 17.6%, SMD= -0.110, p=0.21). At a median follow-up of 134 months (IQR: 99.5-178.5) months, actuarial survival was 92.3%±0.02% (group I vs 96.6%+0.01%) and there was no difference between the groups (p=0.90). Conclusions: Bioprostheses are an acceptable alternative to mechanical prostheses in young rheumatics aged &lt;45 years undergoing mitral and aortic valve replacements unwilling for mechanical valve, redo surgeries, life-long anticoagulation, and those desirous of pregnancy.
Cardiac Rehabilitation in Older u.s. Women: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Nanette K. Wenger
Journal: Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions (2024)

Despite its documented benefit and Class Ia recommendations in most cardiovascular clinical practice guidelines of the American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology, cardiac rehabilitation is woefully underutilized in older U.S. women. Numerous studies document the decreased application of cardiac rehabilitation in women compared to men and in older compared to younger patients, with this intersection creating a perfect storm for older women with cardiovascular disease. This manuscript summarizes the challenges presented by this situation and offers opportunities for improvement of cardiovascular care for older women.