tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Programmable DNA Hydrogels with Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Cisplatin for Diagnosis and Treatment of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Dan Zhao, Lin Liu, Gang Ping Wang, Xi Cheng
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

This study explores the potential of DNA hydrogels as a novel approach for diagnosing and treating Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC). In the experiment, DNA hydrogels are synthesized and loaded with Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and Cisplatin. In vitro experiments evaluated drug delivery efficacy and the effect on cancer cell viability. In vivo, studies used mice models to assess the therapeutic potential and antimicrobial activity of the DNA hydrogels. Results demonstrate that DNA hydrogels significantly improve the delivery of Cisplatin to cancer cells, potentially allowing for lower drug doses and reduced side effects. The combination of Cisplatin and ZnO NPs show the most potent antibacterial effect against bacterial strains associated with OSCC. Analysis indicates that ZnO NPs within the hydrogels improve the efficacy of contrast agents, facilitating earlier and more accurate tumor diagnosis. The findings highlight that DNA hydrogels loaded with therapeutic agents can enhance drug delivery and reduce side effects, while ZnO NPs improve tumor diagnosis. DNA hydrogels may represent a promising patient-centric approach for more effective OSCC treatment.
The role of vorasidenib in the treatment of isocitrate dehydrogenase-mutant glioma
Authors: Macarena I de la Fuente, Mehdi Touat, Martin J van den Bent, Matthias Preusser, Katherine B Peters, Robert J Young, Raymond Y Huang, Benjamin M Ellingson, David Capper, Joanna J Phillips, Lia M Halasz, Helen A Shih, Roberta Rudà, Mary Jane Lim-Fat, Deborah T Blumenthal, Michael Weller, Yoshiki Arakawa, James R Whittle, François Ducray, David A Reardon, Wenya Linda Bi, Giuseppe Minniti, Rifaquat Rahman, Shawn Hervey-Jumper, Susan M Chang, Patrick Y Wen
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2024)

Abstract Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant gliomas are the most common malignant primary brain tumors in young adults. This condition imposes a substantial burden on patients and their caregivers, marked by neurocognitive deficits and high mortality rates due to tumor progression, coupled with significant morbidity from current treatment modalities. Although surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy improve survival, these treatments can adversely affect cognitive function, quality of life, finances, employment status, and overall independence. Consequently, there is an urgent need for innovative strategies that delay progression and the use of radiation therapy and chemotherapy. The recent Federal Drug Administration (FDA) approval of vorasidenib, a brain-penetrant small molecule targeting mutant IDH1/2 proteins, heralds a shift in the therapeutic landscape for IDH-mutant gliomas. In this review, we address the role of vorasidenib in the treatment of IDH-mutant gliomas, providing a roadmap for its incorporation into daily practice. We discuss ongoing clinical trials with vorasidenib and other IDH inhibitors, as single-agent or in combination with other therapies, as well as current challenges and future directions.
Hepatocellular carcinoma: updates on epidemiology, surveillance, diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Soo Young Hwang, Pojsakorn Danpanichkul, Vatche Agopian, Neil Mehta, Neehar D. Parikh, Ghassan K. Abou-Alfa, Amit G. Singal, Ju Dong Yang
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2024)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major global burden, ranking as the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality.HCC due to chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) or C virus (HCV) infection has decreased due to universal vaccination for HBV and effective antiviral therapy for both HBV and HCV, but HCC related to metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is increasing.Biannual liver ultrasonography and serum α-fetoprotein are the primary surveillance tools for early HCC detection among high-risk patients (e.g., cirrhosis, chronic HBV).Alternative surveillance tools such as blood-based biomarker panels and abbreviated MRIs are being investigated.Multiphasic CT or MRI is the standard for HCC diagnosis, but histological confirmation should be considered, especially when inconclusive findings are seen on cross-sectional imaging.Staging and treatment decisions are complex and should be made in multidisciplinary settings, incorporating multiple factors including tumor burden, degree of liver dysfunction, patient performance status, available expertise, and patient preferences.Early-stage HCC is best treated with curative options such as resection, ablation, or transplantation.For intermediatestage disease, locoregional therapies are primarily recommended although systemic therapies may be preferred for patients with large intrahepatic tumor burden.In advanced-stage disease immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based therapy is the preferred treatment regimen.In this review article, we discuss the recent global epidemiology, risk factors, and HCC care continuum encompassing surveillance, diagnosis, staging, and treatments.
Longitudinal profile of plasma pregenomic RNA in patients with chronic hepatitis B infection on long-term nucleoside analogues and its interaction with clinical parameters
Authors: Lung-Yi Mak, Mark Anderson, Michael Stec, Matthew Shing-Hin Chung, Danny Ka-Ho Wong, Rex Wan-Hin Hui, Wai-Kay Seto, Gavin Cloherty, Man-Fung Yuen
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2024)

Plasma pregenomic hepatitis B virus RNA (pgRNA) is a novel biomarker in chronic hepatitis B infection (CHB). We aimed to describe the longitudinal profile of pgRNA and factors influencing its levels in CHB patients on nucleoside analogue (NUC).
Disturbed spatial <scp>WNT</scp> activation – a potential driver of the reticularized skin phenotype in Systemic Sclerosis (<scp>SSc</scp>)
Authors: Sara Chenguiti Fakhouri, Honglin Zhu, Yi‐Nan Li, Moritz Ronicke, Aleix Rius Rigau, Clara Dees, Laura Konstantinidis, Ralf Schmid, Alexandru‐Emil Matei, Markus Eckstein, Carol Geppert, Ingo Ludolph, Alexander Kreuter, Michael Sticherling, Carola Berking, Raymund E. Horch, Georg Schett, Jörg H.W. Distler, Christina Bergmann
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2024)

Objectives Little is known on the mechanisms necessary to maintain the physiological adult human skin integrity. This study aims to quantitatively describe anatomical changes in systemic sclerosis (SSc)‐skin compared to controls and investigate the underlying mechanisms. Methods Skin morphology was histologically assessed in twenty‐three SSc‐patients, eighteen controls and fifteen patients with hypertrophic scars. Spatial WNT/β‐catenin‐activation was analyzed by RNAscope and immunofluorescence‐staining. Enrichment of reticular marker genes in predefined fibroblast subpopulations was done using Gene Ontology enrichment and gene set enrichment analysis. Results SSc‐skin showed a decrease in number (p&lt;0.0001/p=0.0004), area (p&lt;0.0001) and height (p&lt;0.0001) of papillae compared to controls and hypertrophic scars, respectively. The expression of papillary/reticular marker genes shifted towards a reticular expression profile in SSc. On the level of previously defined fibroblast populations, the increase of reticular marker genes was particularly pronounced in the PI16+‐ and SFRP4+‐populations (p&lt;0.0001, respectively). Mechanistically, the expression of the WNT/β‐catenin target AXIN2 and the number of fibroblasts with nuclear β‐catenin‐staining‐pattern increased in the papillary compared to the reticular dermis in healthy skin. This polarization was lost in SSc with a two‐fold increase in β‐catenin‐positive fibroblasts and AXIN2 ‐expressing fibroblasts throughout the dermis (p=0.0095). Enrichment of genes related to WNT/β‐catenin‐regulation was found in the PI16+‐population that also relocates from the reticular to the papillary dermis in SSc. Conclusions We demonstrate an association of the “reticularized” skin phenotype in SSc with a profound loss of physiological spatial WNT/β‐catenin‐activation. Rescuing the spatial WNT/β‐catenin‐activation might help restore the physiological skin organization in future therapeutic approaches of fibrosing disorders.
NIR‐Light Activable 3D Printed Platform Nanoarchitectured with Electrospun Plasmonic Filaments for On Demand Treatment of Infected Wounds
Authors: Daniel Rybak, Jingtao Du, Paweł Nakielski, Chiara Rinoldi, Alicja Kosik‐Kozioł, Anna Zakrzewska, Haoyang Wu, Jing Li, Xiaoran Li, Yunlong Yu, Bin Ding, Filippo Pierini
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Bacterial infections can lead to severe complications that adversely affect wound healing. Thus, the development of effective wound dressings has become a major focus in the biomedical field, as current solutions remain insufficient for treating complex, particularly chronic wounds. Designing an optimal environment for healing and tissue regeneration is essential. This study aims to optimize a multi-functional 3D printed hydrogel for infected wounds. A dexamethasone (DMX)-loaded electrospun mat, incorporated with gold nanorods (AuNRs), is structured into short filaments (SFs). The SFs are 3D printed into gelatine methacrylate (GelMA) and sodium alginate (SA) scaffold. The photo-responsive AuNRs within SFs significantly enhanced DXM release when exposed to near-infrared (NIR) light. The material exhibits excellent photothermal properties, biocompatibility, and antibacterial activity under NIR irradiation, effectively eliminating Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in vitro. In vivo, material combined with NIR light treatment facilitate infectes wound healing, killing S. aureus bacteria, reduced inflammation, and induced vascularization. The final materials' shape can be adjusted to the skin defect, release the anti-inflammatory DXM on-demand, provide antimicrobial protection, and accelerate the healing of chronic wounds.
Microfluidics‐Driven Manufacturing and Multiscale Analytical Characterization of Nanoparticle‐Vesicle Hybrids
Authors: Jacopo Cardellini, Karl Normak, Michael Gerlt, Katarzyna Makasewicz, Charlotte Seiffert, Umberto Capasso Palmiero, Suiying Ye, Manuel A. González Gómez, Yolanda Piñero, José Rivas, Antonella Bongiovanni, Paolo Bergese, Paolo Arosio
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Coating synthetic nanoparticles (NPs) with lipid membranes is a promising approach to enhance the performance of nanomaterials in various biological applications, including therapeutic delivery to target organs. Current methods for achieving this coating often rely on bulk approaches which can result in low efficiency and poor reproducibility. Continuous processes coupled with quality control represent an attractive strategy to manufacture products with consistent attributes and high yields. Here, this concept is implemented by developing an acoustic microfluidic device together with an analytical platform to prepare nanoparticle-vesicle hybrids and quantitatively characterize the nanoparticle coverage using fluorescence-based techniques at different levels of resolution. With this approach polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) nanoparticles are successfully coated with liposomes and extracellular vesicles (EVs), achieving a high encapsulation efficiency of 70%. Moreover, the approach enables the identification of design rules to control the efficiency of encapsulation by tuning various operational parameters and material properties, including buffer composition, nanoparticle/vesicle ratio, and vesicle rigidity.
Hyaluronic Acid‐Based Self‐Healing Hydrogels for Diabetic Wound Healing
Authors: Anish Chhillar, Amit Jaiswal
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Diabetic wounds, particularly diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), are significant threats to human well-being due to their impaired healing from poor circulation and high blood sugar, increased risk of infection and potential for severe complications like amputation, all compounded by peripheral neuropathy and chronic inflammation. Most therapies and dressings for DFUs focus on one symptom at a time, however, multifunctional smart self-healing hydrogels can withstand multifactorial motional diabetic wounds. Motional wounds are easy-to-split wounds that experience tension, compression, and movement caused by stress now and then. Hyaluronic acid (HA) based self-healing hydrogels stand out among other biomaterials due to their ability to cover irregular wound surfaces, maintain a moist environment, repair themselves when ruptured, and exhibit excellent biocompatibility. These self-healing hydrogels can repair damages caused by movement and recover the functional properties during healing. These hydrogels can also act as therapeutic delivery vehicles and tissue regeneration systems. This review demonstrates the potential of HA-based self-healing hydrogels for diabetic wound healing. Due to its self-healing capabilities, these hydrogels offer a customized therapeutic approach for motional diabetic wounds. The review also critically examines the challenges and future directions for HA-based self-healing hydrogels in diabetic wound healing.
Orchestrated desaturation reprogramming from stearoyl‐CoA desaturase to fatty acid desaturase 2 in cancer epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and metastasis
Authors: Zhicong Chen, Yanqing Gong, Fukai Chen, Hyeon Jeong Lee, Jinqin Qian, Jing Zhao, Wenpeng Zhang, Yamin Li, Yihui Zhou, Qiaobing Xu, Yu Xia, Liqun Zhou, Ji‐Xin Cheng
Journal: Cancer Communications (2024)

Abstract Background Adaptative desaturation in fatty acid (FA) is an emerging hallmark of cancer metabolic plasticity. Desaturases such as stearoyl‐CoA desaturase (SCD) and fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2) have been implicated in multiple cancers, and their dominant and compensatory effects have recently been highlighted. However, how tumors initiate and sustain their self‐sufficient FA desaturation to maintain phenotypic transition remains elusive. This study aimed to explore the molecular orchestration of SCD and FADS2 and their specific reprogramming mechanisms in response to cancer progression. Methods The potential interactions between SCD and FADS2 were explored by bioinformatics analyses across multiple cancer cohorts, which guided subsequent functional and mechanistic investigations. The expression levels of desaturases were investigated with online datasets and validated in both cancer tissues and cell lines. Specific desaturation activities were characterized through various isomer‐resolved lipidomics methods and sensitivity assays using desaturase inhibitors. In‐situ lipid profiling was conducted using multiplex stimulated Raman scattering imaging. Functional assays were performed both in vitro and in vivo, with RNA‐sequencing employed for the mechanism verification. Results After integration of the RNA‐protein‐metabolite levels, the data revealed that a reprogramming from SCD‐dependent to FADS2‐dependent desaturation was linked to cancer epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) and progression in both patients and cell lines. FADS2 overexpression and SCD suppression concurrently maintained EMT plasticity. A FADS2/β‐catenin self‐reinforcing feedback loop facilitated the degree of lipid unsaturation, membrane fluidity, metastatic potential and EMT signaling. Moreover, SCD inhibition triggered a lethal apoptosis but boosted survival plasticity by inducing EMT and enhancing FA uptake via adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase activation. Notably, this desaturation reprogramming increased transforming growth factor‐β2, effectively sustaining aggressive phenotypes and metabolic plasticity during EMT. Conclusions These findings revealed a metabolic reprogramming from SCD‐dependent to FADS2‐dependent desaturation during cancer EMT and progression, which concurrently supports EMT plasticity. Targeting desaturation reprogramming represents a potential vulnerability for cancer metabolic therapy.
Integrating Hydrogels and Biomedical Plastics via In Situ Physical Entanglements and Covalent Bonding
Authors: Zhenwei Ma, Favour O. Obuseh, Benjamin R. Freedman, Junsoo Kim, Matthew Torre, David J. Mooney
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Both rigid plastics and soft hydrogels find ample applications in engineering and medicine but bear their own disadvantages that limit their broader applications. Bonding these mechanically dissimilar materials may resolve these limitations, preserve their advantages, and offer new opportunities as biointerfaces. Here, a robust adhesion strategy is proposed to integrate highly entangled tough hydrogels and diverse plastics with high interfacial adhesion energy and strength. Systemic investigations on the effects of hydrogel monomer content and crosslink fraction revealed the significant contributions of both polymer physical entanglements and interfacial covalent bonding. This hybrid engineering strategy also enables the plastic-hydrogel composite to attenuate foreign body response caused by pristine rigid plastics in vivo in mice. This versatile materials engineering approach may be broadly applicable to other polymer-based devices commonly used in regenerative medicine and surgical robotics.
Respiratory Morbidity Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic from Birth to 18 Months in a Swedish Birth Cohort
Authors: Fanny Kelderer, Gabriel Granåsen, Sophia Holmlund, Sven Arne Silfverdal, Hilde Bamberg, Monique Mommers, John Penders, Magnus Domellöf, Ingrid Mogren, Christina E West
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2024)
Thymic and T-cell intrinsic critical roles associated with Severe Combined Immunodeficiency and Omenn syndrome due to a heterozygous variant (G201R) in PSMB10
Authors: Hye Sun Kuehn, Marita Bosticardo, Antonio C Arrieta, Jennifer L Stoddard, Francesca Pala, Julie E Niemela, Agustin A Gil Silva, Paighton L King, Ana Esteve-Sole, Amreen Naveen, Eduardo Anaya, Pooi Meng Truong, Ottavia M Delmonte, David K Buchbinder, Sergio D Rosenzweig, Luigi D Notarangelo
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2024)
Novel Insights on the Biology and Immunological Effects of Histamine: A Road Map for Allergists and Mast Cell Biologists
Authors: Sima Heidarzadeh-Asl, Marcus Maurer, Amir Kiani, Dmitrii Atiakshin, Per Stahl Skov, Daniel Elieh-Ali-Komi
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2024)
The Molecular Bacterial Load Assay predicts treatment responses in patients with pre-XDR/XDR-tuberculosis more accurately than GeneXpert Ultra MTB/Rif
Authors: Marit Neumann, Maja Reimann, Dumitru Chesov, Cristina Popa, Antonela Dragomir, Oana Popescu, Roxana Munteanu, Alexandra Hölscher, Isobella Honeyborne, Jan Heyckendorf, Christoph Lange, Christoph Hölscher, Barbara Kalsdorf
Journal: Journal of Infection (2024)
Diagnostic performance of metagenomic next-generation sequencing among hematological malignancy patients with bloodstream infections after antimicrobial therapy
Authors: Yueyi Xu, Miaoxin Peng, Tong Zhou, Yonggong Yang, Peipei Xu, Ting Xie, Xuefang Cao, Bing Chen, Jian Ouyang
Journal: Journal of Infection (2024)
Mutation of lysine-specific demethylase 5 is associated with enhanced tumor immunity and favorable outcomes in pan-cancer immune checkpoint blockade
Authors: Xiaofeng Li, Zhishan Zhang, Yingying Li, Lijin Chen, Yan Huang, Lijuan Su, Wenjun Xu, Yanni Hong, Jianjiao Li, Mujin Chen, Hongkui Yang, Hong Zhao, Bin Zhao
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2024)

The lysine-specific demethylase 5 (KDM5) family, a key post-translational modification of chromatin, can shape tumor immune microenvironment. Here, we performed an extensive clinical and bioinformatic analysis to explore the association between KDM5 mutation and tumor immunity and its impact on the outcomes in pan-cancer immunotherapy. In 2943 patients across 12 tumor types treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors, KDM5-mutant tumors were associated with favorable overall survival (hazard ratio, 0.72; 95% confidence interval, 0.59–0.87; P = 0.004) and objective response rate (41.7% vs. 26.8%; P = 0.001). Further multi-omics analysis revealed KDM5 mutation was related to boosted tumor immunogenicity, enriched infiltration of immune cells, and improved immune responses. In summary, KDM5 mutation indicates enhanced tumor immunity and favorable outcomes in pan-cancer immune checkpoint blockade. These results have implication for treatment decision-making and developing immunotherapy for personalized care.
Exhaled Nitric Oxide and Sputum Eosinophils Are Complementary Tools for Diagnosing Occupational Asthma
Authors: Virginie Doyen, Nicolas Migueres, Vera van Kampen, Hille Suojalehto, Paola Mason, Xavier Munoz, Joaquin Sastre, Santiago Quirce, Cecilie Svanes, Gareth Walters, Vicky Moore, Iben Brock Jacobsen, Ilenia Folletti, Alexandra M. Preiser, Jolanta Walusiak‐Skorupa, Catherine Rifflart, Frédéric de Blay, Olivier Vandenplas
Journal: Allergy (2024)

Exposure-related changes in exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and sputum eosinophils have not been thoroughly compared in the investigation of occupational asthma.
Safety Decision-Making for Autonomous Vehicles Integrating Passenger Physiological States by fNIRS
Authors: Xiaofei Zhang, Haoyi Zheng, Jun Li, Zongsheng Xie, Huamu Sun, Hong Wang
Journal: Cyborg and Bionic Systems (2024)

In recent years, several serious traffic accidents have exposed the severity of safety issues in autonomous driving technology. Traditional decision-making methods are unable to address potential risky behaviors caused by the functional insufficiencies or machine performance limitations, and human intervention is still needed. This study proposes an intelligent safety decision-making algorithm with passengers' risk assessment by analyzing passenger physiological states online using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). This algorithm is developed based on twin-delayed deep deterministic policy gradient (TD3), and it can overcome the functional insufficiencies of traditional TD3 and guide TD3 using passengers' risk assessment by analyzing passenger physiological states online while confronting risky scenarios. Three experiments have been conducted in autonomous emergency braking, front vehicle cutting-in, and pedestrian crossing scenarios. The results show that the proposed algorithm demonstrates faster convergence and superior safety and comfort performance compared with traditional TD3. This study highlights the applicability of fNIRS technology in enhancing the safety and comfort of autonomous vehicles in the future.
Prioritized multi-task motion coordination of physically constrained quadruped manipulators
Authors: Aizhen Xie, Xuewen Rong, Guoteng Zhang, Yibin Li, Yong Fan, Zhi Li, Teng Chen
Journal: Cyborg and Bionic Systems (2024)

Quadruped manipulators can use legs to mimic legged animals for crossing unstructured environments. They can also use a bionic arm to execute manipulation tasks. The increasing demands for such robots have pushed research progress. However, there remain challenging works in their usage of a high degree of freedom. To solve this redundant problem, we propose a novel motion coordination framework based on multi-task prioritization and null-space projection. The framework can adaptively generate optimal motion for different parts of the robot considering 3 prioritized tasks. The tasks include end-effector trajectory tracking, motion redistribution to meet physical constraints, and manipulability enhancement. The motion is then executed by a whole-body controller incorporating dynamics, inverse kinematics, multiobjective priorities, and force constraints. Experiments both in simulation and on the robot platform validate the advantages and effectiveness of the algorithm. The robot can finish robust and accurate operational space end-effector tracking with errors less than 3 cm.