tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Low-Dose Colchicine in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Recent Myocardial Infarction in the Colchicine Cardiovascular Outcomes Trial (COLCOT)
Authors: François Roubille, Nadia Bouabdallaoui, Simon Kouz, David D. Waters, Rafael Diaz, Aldo P. Maggioni, Fausto J. Pinto, Jean C. Grégoire, Habib Gamra, Ghassan S. Kiwan, Colin Berry, José López-Sendón, Wolfgang Koenig, Laurent Delorme, Meyer Elbaz, Pierre Coste, Mylène Provencher, Zohar Bassevitch, Lucie Blondeau, Philippe L. L’Allier, Marie-Claude Guertin, Jean-Claude Tardif
Journal: Diabetes Care (2024)

OBJECTIVE The cardiovascular benefits of low-dose colchicine have been demonstrated in patients with coronary disease. Its effects were evaluated in this prespecified analysis in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) from the Colchicine Cardiovascular Outcomes Trial (COLCOT). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS COLCOT was a randomized, double-blinded trial of colchicine, 0.5 mg daily, versus placebo initiated within 30 days after a myocardial infarction. RESULTS There were 959 patients with T2D enrolled and monitored for a median of 22.6 months. A primary end point event occurred in 8.7% of patients in the colchicine group and in 13.1% in the placebo group (hazard ratio 0.65; 95% CI 0.44–0.96; P = 0.03). Nausea was reported in 2.7% and 0.8% in the study groups (P = 0.03), and pneumonia occurred in 2.4% and 0.4% (P = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS Among patients with T2D and a recent myocardial infarction, colchicine, 0.5 mg daily, leads to a large reduction of cardiovascular events. These results support the conduct of the COLCOT-T2D trial in primary prevention.
Informed Consent Under Ignorance
Authors: Daniel Villiger
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2024)

In recent years, an old challenge to informed consent has been rediscovered: the challenge of ignorance. Several authors argue that due to the presence of irreducible ignorance in certain treatments, giving informed consent to these treatments is not possible. The present paper examines in what ways ignorance is believed to prevent informed consent and which treatments are affected by that. At this, it becomes clear that if the challenge of ignorance truly holds, it poses a major problem to informed consent. The paper argues, however, that from both an empirical and a theoretical point of view, it is not convincing that ignorance prevents informed consent. Still, it seems important that the presence of irreducible ignorance is openly discussed during the informed consent process.
Radiographic Progression-Free Survival and Clinical Progression-Free Survival as Potential Surrogates for Overall Survival in Men With Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer
Authors: Susan Halabi, Akash Roy, Larysa Rydzewska, Siyuan Guo, Peter Godolphin, Maha Hussain, Catherine Tangen, Ian Thompson, Wanling Xie, Michael A. Carducci, Matthew R. Smith, Michael J. Morris, Gwenaelle Gravis, David P. Dearnaley, Paul Verhagen, Takayuki Goto, Nick James, Marc E. Buyse, Jayne F. Tierney, Christopher Sweeney
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2024)

Despite major increases in the longevity of men with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC), most men still die of prostate cancer. Phase III trials assessing new therapies in mHSPC with overall survival (OS) as the primary end point will take approximately a decade to complete. We investigated whether radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS) and clinical PFS (cPFS) are valid surrogates for OS in men with mHSPC and could potentially be used to expedite future phase III clinical trials.
Genetically proxied intestinal microbiota and risk of bladder cancer
Authors: Fuxun Zhang, Zhen Yao, Bo Zhang
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

Department of Urology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China, 710038 Fuxun Zhang and Zhen Yao contribute equally to this work. Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article *Corresponding author. Address: Department of Urology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, No. 1 Xinsi Road, Baqiao District, Xi 'an City, Shaanxi, China, 710038. E-mail address: [email protected] (B. Zhang). Supplemental Digital Content is available for this article. Direct URL citations are provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal's website, www.lww.com/international-journal-of-surgery. Published online ■ ■ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CCBY), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The role of liver resection for intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-regression analysis
Authors: Kuo-Chuan Hung, I-Wen Chen, Cheuk-Kwan Sun
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

aDepartment of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan city, Taiwan bDepartment of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan city, Taiwan cDepartment of Emergency Medicine, E-Da Dachang Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan dSchool of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan Short title: Liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article. Published online ■ ■ *Corresponding author. Address: Department of Emergency Medicine, E-Da Dachang Hospital, I-Shou University, No. 305, Dachang 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. Tel: +886-7-6150011 ext 1007; Mobile: +886-975106203. Fax: +886-7-6150915. E-mail address: [email protected]; [email protected] (C-K. Sun). This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CCBY), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Fluorouracil, Leucovorin, and Irinotecan Plus Cetuximab Versus Cetuximab as Maintenance Therapy in First-Line Therapy for <i>RAS</i> and <i>BRAF</i> Wild-Type Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Phase III ERMES Study
Authors: Carmine Pinto, Armando Orlandi, Nicola Normanno, Evaristo Maiello, Maria A. Calegari, Lorenzo Antonuzzo, Roberto Bordonaro, Maria G. Zampino, Sara Pini, Francesca Bergamo, Giuseppe Tonini, Antonio Avallone, Tiziana P. Latiano, Gerardo Rosati, Alessio Aligi Cogoni, Alberto Ballestrero, Alberto Zaniboni, Mario Roselli, Stefano Tamberi, Carlo Barone
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2024)

The intensity of anti-EGFR-based first-line therapy for
Which Benefits Can Justify Risks in Research?
Authors: Tessa I. van Rijssel, Ghislaine J. M. W. van Thiel, Helga Gardarsdottir, Johannes J. M. van Delden
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2024)

Research ethics committees (RECs) evaluate whether the risk-benefit ratio of a study is acceptable. Decentralized clinical trials (DCTs) are a novel approach for conducting clinical trials that potentially bring important benefits for research, including several collateral benefits. The position of collateral benefits in risk-benefit assessments is currently unclear. DCTs raise therefore questions about how these benefits should be assessed. This paper aims to reconsider the different types of research benefits, and their position in risk-benefit assessments. We first propose a categorization of research benefits, based on the types of benefits that can be distinguished from the literature and ethical guidelines. Secondly, we will reconsider the position of collateral benefits. We argue that these benefits are not fundamentally different from other benefits of research and can therefore be included in risk-benefit assessments of DCTs.
Pioneering fully robotic donor hepatectomy and robotic recipient liver graft implantation – a new horizon in liver transplantation
Authors: Dieter C. Broering, Dimitri A. Raptis, Yasser Elsheikh
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

Broering, Dieter C. PhD; Raptis, Dimitri A. PhD; Elsheikh, Yasser MD Author Information
A research definition and framework for acute paediatric critical illness across resource-variable settings: a modified Delphi consensus
Authors: Anita V Arias, Michael Lintner-Rivera, Nadeem I Shafi, Qalab Abbas, Abdelhafeez H Abdelhafeez, Muhammad Ali, Halaashuor Ammar, Ali I Anwar, John Adabie Appiah, Jonah E Attebery, Willmer E Diaz Villalobos, Daiane Ferreira, Sebastián González-Dambrauskas, Muhammad Irfan Habib, Jan Hau Lee, Niranjan Kissoon, Atnafu M Tekleab, Elizabeth M Molyneux, Brenda M Morrow, Vinay M Nadkarni, Jocelyn Rivera, Rebecca Silvers, Mardi Steere, Daniel Tatay, Adnan T Bhutta, Teresa B Kortz, Asya Agulnik
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2024)

The true global burden of paediatric critical illness remains unknown. Studies on children with life-threatening conditions are hindered by the absence of a common definition for acute paediatric critical illness (DEFCRIT) that outlines components and attributes of critical illness and does not depend on local capacity to provide critical care. We present an evidence-informed consensus definition and framework for acute paediatric critical illness. DEFCRIT was developed following a scoping review of 29 studies and key concepts identified by an interdisciplinary, international core expert panel (n=24). A modified Delphi process was then done with a panel of multidisciplinary health-care global experts (n=109) until consensus was reached on eight essential attributes and 28 statements as the basis of DEFCRIT. Consensus was reached in two Delphi rounds with an expert retention rate of 89%. The final consensus definition for acute paediatric critical illness is: an infant, child, or adolescent with an illness, injury, or post-operative state that increases the risk for or results in acute physiological instability (abnormal physiological parameters or vital organ dysfunction or failure) or a clinical support requirement (such as frequent or continuous monitoring or time-sensitive interventions) to prevent further deterioration or death. The proposed definition and framework provide the conceptual clarity needed for a unified approach for global research across resource-variable settings. Future work will centre on validating DEFCRIT and determining high priority measures and guidelines for data collection and analysis that will promote its use in research.
Humoral immune responses to the monovalent XBB.1.5-adapted BNT162b2 mRNA booster in Sweden
Authors: Ulrika Marking, Oscar Bladh, Katherina Aguilera, Yiqiu Yang, Nina Greilert Norin, Kim Blom, Sophia Hober, Jonas Klingström, Sebastian Havervall, Mikael Åberg, Daniel J Sheward, Charlotte Thålin
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2024)
Rare Findings of Gallbladder Metastasis From Cutaneous Melanoma on 18F-FDG PET/CT Imaging
Authors: Jing Zhou, Yigang Zhao
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

Abstract We present the imaging findings of a 77-year-old man with a history of malignant cutis melanoma that metastasized to the gallbladder. A restaging 18 F-FDG PET/CT scan showed uneven thickening and elevated 18 F-FDG uptake in the gallbladder wall. Subsequently, the patient underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and histopathologic findings confirmed the diagnosis of metastatic melanoma of the gallbladder.
First-in-Human Whole-Eye Transplantation: Ensuring an Ethical Approach to Surgical Innovation
Authors: Matteo Laspro, Erika Thys, Bachar Chaya, Eduardo D. Rodriguez, Laura L. Kimberly
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2024)

As innovations in the field of vascular composite allotransplantation (VCA) progress, whole-eye transplantation (WET) is poised to transition from non-human mammalian models to living human recipients. Present treatment options for vision loss are generally considered suboptimal, and attendant concerns ranging from aesthetics and prosthesis maintenance to social stigma may be mitigated by WET. Potential benefits to WET recipients may also include partial vision restoration, psychosocial benefits related to identity and social integration, improvements in physical comfort and function, and reduced surgical risk associated with a biologic eye compared to a prosthesis. Perioperative and postoperative risks of WET are expected to be comparable to those of facial transplantation (FT), and may be similarly mitigated by immunosuppressive protocols, adequate psychosocial support, and a thorough selection process for both the recipient and donor. To minimize the risks associated with immunosuppressive medications, the first attempts in human recipients will likely be performed in conjunction with a FT. If first-in-human attempts at combined FT-WET prove successful and the biologic eye survives, this opens the door for further advancement in the field of vision restoration by means of a viable surgical option. This analysis integrates recent innovations in WET research with the existing discourse on the ethics of surgical innovation and offers preliminary guidance to VCA programs considering undertaking WET in human recipients.
Core decompression combined with platelet-rich plasma-augmented bone grafting for femur head necrosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bo Zhu, Jianmin Li, Xuejia Li, Shengyi Feng, Bo Li
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

The clinical potential of biologic augmentation in core decompression and bone grafting for femoral head necrosis is widely acknowledged, with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) being a frequently employed biologic adjunct. However, its clinical application is not standardized, and high-level evidence is lacking. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of core decompression and bone grafting combined with PRP for femur head necrosis.
Preoperative opioid use and postoperative return to work following spinal surgery in workers’ compensation settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yonas G. Tefera, Shannon Gray, Suzanne Nielsen, Alex Collie
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

Opioid use prior to spinal surgery is common among patients with workers' compensation (WC) claims. Extended opioid use for pain management in this population is associated with several adverse outcomes including delayed return to work (RTW).
Resolute Progress Down a Long and Winding Road Leads to the Promised Land of Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen–Based Therapies for Prostate Cancer
Authors: Samuel R. Denmeade
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2024)

Article Tools UNDERSTANDING THE PATHWAY Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen–Targeting Alpha Emitter via Antibody Delivery for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Phase I Dose-Escalation Study of 225Ac-J591. November 03, 2023 ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.23.02310 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print January 5, 2024 PMID: 38181307 Resolute Progress Down a Long and Winding Road Leads to the Promised Land of Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen–Based Therapies for Prostate Cancer Samuel R. Denmeade , MD1xSamuel R. DenmeadeSearch for articles by this author Show More 1Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.23.02310 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2024 by American Society of Clinical Oncology Companion Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen–Targeting Alpha Emitter via Antibody Delivery for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Phase I Dose-Escalation Study of 225Ac-J591
Polatuzumab vedotin plus rituximab and lenalidomide in patients with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a cohort of a multicentre, single-arm, phase 1b/2 study
Authors: Pau Abrisqueta, Eva González-Barca, Carlos Panizo, José María Arguiñano Pérez, Fiona Miall, Mariana Bastos-Oreiro, Ana Triguero, Lalita Banerjee, Andrew McMillan, Erlene Seymour, Jamie Hirata, Jayson de Guzman, Sunil Sharma, Hyun Yong Jin, Lisa Musick, Catherine Diefenbach
Journal: The Lancet Haematology (2024)
Depression risk in users of different doses of levonorgestrel intrauterine systems: a nationwide prospective cohort study
Authors: Charlotte Wessel Skovlund, Amalie Lykkemark Møller, Christian Torp-Pedersen, Lina Steinrud Mørch, Amani Meaidi
Journal: The Lancet Regional Health - Europe (2024)

Use of the high-dose levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) has been associated with increased risk of incident depression. Evidence is lacking on the influence of use of two recently marketed low-dose LNG-IUS on risk of depression. This study aims to examine associations between use of different doses of LNG-IUS and risk of depression.
The role of cellular senescence in profibrillatory atrial remodelling associated with cardiac pathology
Authors: Mozhdeh Mehdizadeh, Patrice Naud, Issam H Abu-Taha, Roddy Hiram, Feng Xiong, Jiening Xiao, Arnela Saljic, Markus Kamler, Nhung Vuong-Robillard, Eric Thorin, Gerardo Ferbeyre, Jean-Claude Tardif, Martin G Sirois, Jean Francois Tanguay, Dobromir Dobrev, Stanley Nattel
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2024)

Abstract Aims Cellular senescence is a stress-related or aging response believed to contribute to many cardiac conditions; however, its role in atrial fibrillation (AF) is unknown. Age is the single most important determinant of the risk of AF. The present study was designed to (i) evaluate AF susceptibility and senescence marker expression in rat models of aging and myocardial infarction (MI), (ii) study the effect of reducing senescent-cell burden with senolytic therapy on the atrial substrate in MI rats, and (iii) assess senescence markers in human atrial tissue as a function of age and the presence of AF. Methods and results AF susceptibility was studied with programmed electrical stimulation. Gene and protein expression was evaluated by immunoblot or immunofluorescence (protein) and digital polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR (messenger RNA). A previously validated senolytic combination, dasatinib and quercetin, (D+Q; or corresponding vehicle) was administered from the time of sham or MI surgery through 28 days later. Experiments were performed blinded to treatment assignment. Burst pacing-induced AF was seen in 100% of aged (18-month old) rats, 87.5% of young MI rats, and 10% of young control (3-month old) rats (P ≤ 0.001 vs. each). Conduction velocity was slower in aged [both left atrium (LA) and right atrium (RA)] and young MI (LA) rats vs. young control rats (P ≤ 0.001 vs. each). Atrial fibrosis was greater in aged (LA and RA) and young MI (LA) vs. young control rats (P &amp;lt; 0.05 for each). Senolytic therapy reduced AF inducibility in MI rats (from 8/9 rats, 89% in MI vehicle, to 0/9 rats, 0% in MI D + Q, P &amp;lt; 0.001) and attenuated LA fibrosis. Double staining suggested that D + Q acts by clearing senescent myofibroblasts and endothelial cells. In human atria, senescence markers were upregulated in older (≥70 years) and long-standing AF patients vs. individuals ≤60 and sinus rhythm controls, respectively. Conclusion Our results point to a potentially significant role of cellular senescence in AF pathophysiology. Modulating cell senescence might provide a basis for novel therapeutic approaches to AF.
Brazilin-Ce nanoparticles attenuate inflammation by de/anti-phosphorylation of IKKβ
Authors: Shengxuan Li, Kun Wang, Kai Jiang, Dongmei Xing, Ruhua Deng, Yue Xu, Yue Ding, Huida Guan, Lin-Lin Chen, Dandan Wang, Yang Chen, Wenbo Bu, Yaozu Xiang
Journal: Biomaterials (2024)
In Utero Exposure to Alcohol and Tobacco and Electroencephalogram Power During Childhood
Authors: Nicolò Pini, Ayesha Sania, Shreya Rao, Lauren C. Shuffrey, J. David Nugent, Maristella Lucchini, Marco McSweeney, Christine Hockett, Santiago Morales, Lydia Yoder, Katherine Ziegler, Matthew S. Perzanowski, Nathan A. Fox, Amy J. Elliott, Michael M. Myers, William P. Fifer
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

Importance Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) and prenatal tobacco exposure (PTE) are risk factors associated with adverse neurobehavioral and cognitive outcomes. Objective To quantify long-term associations of PAE and PTE with brain activity in early and middle childhood via electroencephalography (EEG). Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study included participants enrolled in the Safe Passage Study (August 2007 to January 2015), from which a subset of 649 participants were followed up in the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes Program. From September 2018 through November 2022, EEG recordings were obtained at ages 4, 5, 7, 9, or 11 years. Data were analyzed from November 2022 to November 2023. Exposures Maternal self-reported consumptions of alcohol and tobacco during pregnancy were captured at the recruitment interview and at up to 3 visits during pregnancy (20-24, 28-32, and ≥34 weeks’ gestation). Classifications of PAE (continuous drinking, quit-early drinking, and nondrinking) and PTE (continuous smoking, quit-early smoking, and nonsmoking) were previously obtained. Main Outcomes and Measures EEG band powers (theta, alpha, beta, gamma) were extracted from the EEG recordings. Linear regression models were used to estimate the associations of PAE and PTE with EEG estimates. Results The final sample included 649 participants (333 [51.3%] female) aged 4, 5, 7, 9, or 11 years. Children whose mothers were in the quit-early drinking cluster had increased alpha power (0.116 [95% CI, 0.023 to 0.209] μV 2 ; P = .02) compared with individuals without PAE. The magnitude of this increase was approximately double for children exposed to continuous drinking (0.211 [95% CI, 0.005 to 0.417] μV 2 ; P = .04). Children whose mothers were in the continuous smoking cluster had decreased beta power (−0.031 [95% CI, −0.059 to −0.003] μV 2 ; P = .03) and gamma power (−0.020 [95% CI, −0.039 to −0.000] μV 2 ; P = .04) compared with the nonsmoking cluster. In exploratory sex-stratified models, male participants in the quit-early PAE cluster had greater EEG power in the alpha band (0.159 [95% CI, 0.003 to 0.315] μV 2 ; P = .04) compared with those with no PAE, and the difference was approximately double for male participants with continuous PAE (0.354 [95% CI, 0.041 to 0.667] μV 2 ; P = .03). Male participants in the continuous PTE cluster had decreased beta (−0.048 [95% CI, −0.090 to − 0.007] μV 2 ; P = .02) and gamma (−0.032 [95% CI, −0.061 − 0.002] μV 2 ; P = .04) power compared with those with no PTE. Conclusions and Relevance These findings suggest that even low levels of PAE and PTE were associated with long-term alterations of brain activity.
Author Correction: KIR-based inhibitory CARs overcome CAR-NK cell trogocytosis-mediated fratricide and tumor escape
Authors: Ye Li, Rafet Basar, Guohui Wang, Enli Liu, Judy S. Moyes, Li Li, Lucila N. Kerbauy, Nadima Uprety, Mohsen Fathi, Ali Rezvan, Pinaki P. Banerjee, Luis Muniz-Feliciano, Tamara J. Laskowski, Emily Ensley, May Daher, Mayra Shanley, Mayela Mendt, Sunil Acharya, Bin Liu, Alexander Biederstädt, Hind Rafei, Xingliang Guo, Luciana Melo Garcia, Paul Lin, Sonny Ang, David Marin, Ken Chen, Laura Bover, Richard E. Champlin, Navin Varadarajan, Elizabeth J. Shpall, Katayoun Rezvani
Journal: Nature Medicine (2024)