tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
NIR‐Light‐Triggered Mild‐Temperature Hyperthermia to Overcome the Cascade Cisplatin Resistance for Improved Resistant Tumor Therapy
Authors: Mingmao Chen, Yulei Fu, Yan Liu, Baihe Zhang, Xiaorong Song, Xinchun Chen, Zhengjia Zhu, Hang Gao, Jianmin Yang, Xianai Shi
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Abstract Currently, cisplatin resistance has been recognized as a multistep cascade process for its clinical chemotherapy failure. Hitherto, it remains challenging to develop a feasible and promising strategy to overcome the cascade drug resistance (CDR) issue for achieving fundamentally improved chemotherapeutic efficacy. Herein, a novel self‐assembled nanoagent is proposed, which is constructed by Pt(IV) prodrug, cyanine dye (cypate), and gadolinium ion (Gd 3+ ), for systematically conquering the cisplatin resistance by employing near‐infrared (NIR) light activated mild‐temperature hyperthermia in tumor targets. The proposed nanoagents exhibit high photostability, GSH/H + ‐responsive dissociation, preferable photothermal conversion, and enhanced cellular uptake performance. In particular, upon 785‐nm NIR light irradiation, the generated mild temperature of ≈ 43 °C overtly improves the cell membrane permeability and drug uptake, accelerates the disruption of intracellular redox balance, and apparently enhances the formation of Pt‐DNA adducts, thereby effectively overcoming the CDR issue and achieves highly improved therapeutic efficacy for cisplatin‐resistant tumor ablation.
Transgender identity genetic research: Attitudes, opinions &amp; beliefs among members of the transgender and gender diverse communities
Authors: J. Graham Theisen, Amanda A. Draheim, Angela Darosh, Lawrence C. Layman, Lara M. Stepleman
Journal: International Journal of Transgender Health (2024)

There is growing interest in investigating genetic explanations for transgender identity. In the spirit of a Community-Engaged Research Framework, which highlights the importance of involving community members who would be impacted by research throughout the entire research process, it is important for researchers to understand transgender and gender expansive individuals' views and concerns regarding the potential harms and benefits of transgender identity genetic research (TIGR).
Comparison of cryobiopsy and forceps biopsy for the diagnosis of mediastinal lesions: A randomised clinical trial
Authors: T.-L. Cheng, Z.-S. Huang, J. Zhang, J. Wang, J. Zhao, K. Kontogianni, W.-L. Fu, N. Wu, W.M. Kuebler, F.J. Herth, Y. Fan
Journal: Pulmonology (2024)

Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is the standard approach for lung cancer staging. However, its diagnostic utility for other mediastinal diseases might be hampered by the limited tissue retrieved. Recent evidence suggests the novel sampling strategies of forceps biopsy and cryobiopsy as auxiliary techniques to EBUS-TBNA, considering their capacity for larger diagnostic samples. This study determined the added value of forceps biopsy and cryobiopsy for the diagnosis of mediastinal diseases. Consecutive patients with mediastinal lesions of 1 cm or more in the short axis were enrolled. Following completion of needle aspiration, three forceps biopsies and one cryobiopsy were performed in a randomised pattern. Primary endpoints included diagnostic yield defined as the percentage of patients for whom mediastinal biopsy led to a definite diagnosis, and procedure-related complications. In total, 155 patients were recruited and randomly assigned. Supplementing EBUS-TBNA with either forceps biopsy or cryobiopsy increased diagnostic yield, with no significant difference between EBUS-TBNA plus forceps biopsy and EBUS-TBNA plus cryobiopsy (85.7 % versus 91.6 %, P = 0.106). Yet, samples obtained by additional cryobiopsies were more qualified for lung cancer molecular testing than those from forceps biopsies (100.0 % versus 89.5 %, P = 0.036). When compared directly, the overall diagnostic yield of cryobiopsy was superior to forceps biopsy (85.7 % versus 70.8 %, P = 0.001). Cryobiopsies produced greater samples in shorter procedural time than forceps biopsies. Two (1.3 %) cases of postprocedural pneumothorax were detected. Transbronchial mediastinal cryobiopsy might be a promising complementary tool to supplement traditional needle biopsy for increased diagnostic yield and tissue harvesting. ChiCTR2000030373
Shared genetic architectures of educational attainment in East Asian and European populations
Authors: Tzu-Ting Chen, Jaeyoung Kim, Max Lam, Yi-Fang Chuang, Yen-Ling Chiu, Shu-Chin Lin, Sang-Hyuk Jung, Beomsu Kim, Soyeon Kim, Chamlee Cho, Injeong Shim, Sanghyeon Park, Yeeun Ahn, Aysu Okbay, Hyemin Jang, Hee Jin Kim, Sang Won Seo, Woong-Yang Park, Tian Ge, Hailiang Huang, Yen-Chen Anne Feng, Yen-Feng Lin, Woojae Myung, Chia-Yen Chen, Hong-Hee Won
Journal: Nature Human Behaviour (2024)

Abstract Educational attainment (EduYears), a heritable trait often used as a proxy for cognitive ability, is associated with various health and social outcomes. Previous genome-wide association studies (GWASs) on EduYears have been focused on samples of European (EUR) genetic ancestries. Here we present the first large-scale GWAS of EduYears in people of East Asian (EAS) ancestry ( n = 176,400) and conduct a cross-ancestry meta-analysis with EduYears GWAS in people of EUR ancestry ( n = 766,345). EduYears showed a high genetic correlation and power-adjusted transferability ratio between EAS and EUR. We also found similar functional enrichment, gene expression enrichment and cross-trait genetic correlations between two populations. Cross-ancestry fine-mapping identified refined credible sets with a higher posterior inclusion probability than single population fine-mapping. Polygenic prediction analysis in four independent EAS and EUR cohorts demonstrated transferability between populations. Our study supports the need for further research on diverse ancestries to increase our understanding of the genetic basis of educational attainment.
Rational design of a ‘two-in-one’ immunogen DAM drives potent immune response against mpox virus
Authors: Han Wang, Peng Yin, Tingting Zheng, Lanju Qin, Shihua Li, Pu Han, Xiao Qu, Jun Wen, Haoyi Ding, Jiahao Wu, Tianxiang Kong, Zhengrong Gao, Songtao Hu, Xin Zhao, Xiangyu Cao, Min Fang, Jianxun Qi, Jianzhong Jeff Xi, Kai Duan, Xiaoming Yang, Zhuobing Zhang, Qihui Wang, Wenjie Tan, George Fu Gao
Journal: Nature Immunology (2024)
Impact of comorbidities on the achievement of specific therapeutic goals in biologic‐treated asthma patients
Authors: Luis Pérez de Llano, Isabel Urrutia, Borja G. Cosío, José Antonio Gullón‐Blanco, Alicia Habernau Mena, Carolina Cisneros, Eva Martínez‐Moragón, Nuria Marina Malanda, Mariana Muñoz Esquerre, Santiago Quirce, David Dacal Rivas
Journal: Allergy (2024)

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Appendix S1 Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Increased number of cryptosporidiosis cases with travel history to Croatia might be related to swimming pools, Germany, 2023
Authors: Anja Schoeps, Klara Röbl, Nicole Walter, Andrea Neute, Bernadette Walter, Inga Freudenau, Annette Jurke, Christiane Klier, Petra Heinmüller, Syamend Saeed, Jasmin Metz, Hendrik Wilking, Philipp Zanger
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2024)

In August and September 2023, an unusually high number of cryptosporidiosis cases identified by routine German surveillance had travelled to Croatia (n = 23). Nine cases had stayed in the same camping resort and seven further cases had stayed at other camping sites within 15 km. Based on our standardised questionnaires, the most likely source of infection was swimming pools (93%). Further environmental investigations on site might reveal potential common sources of contamination that could be targeted by control measures.
FLT3 tyrosine kinase inhibition modulates PRC2 and promotes differentiation in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Pamela J. Sung, Murugan Selvam, Simone S. Riedel, Hongbo M. Xie, Katie Bryant, Bryan Manning, Gerald B. Wertheim, Katarzyna Kulej, Lucie Pham, Robert L. Bowman, Jennifer Peresie, Michael J. Nemeth, Ross L. Levine, Benjamin A. Garcia, Sara E. Meyer, Simone Sidoli, Kathrin M. Bernt, Martin Carroll
Journal: Leukemia (2024)
Multinational collaboration in solving a European Salmonella Braenderup outbreak linked to imported melons, 2021
Authors: Hannah L Moore, Martine Aabye, Ann Hoban, Bettina Rosner, Stine K Lefevre, Eva Litrup, Luise Müller, Steen Ethelberg, Sandra Simon, Sooria Balasegaram, Lesley Larkin, Cecilia Jernberg, Johanna Takkinen
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2024)

A genomic cluster of Salmonella Braenderup ST22, a serovar of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica which causes symptoms of gastrointestinal illness, was notified by Danish authorities to the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) on 3 May 2021. By 6 July 2021, S. Braenderup outbreak cases (n = 348) had been reported from 12 countries in the European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA) and the United Kingdom (UK), including 68 hospitalised cases. With support from affected EU/EEA countries, and in partnership with the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), ECDC established an international outbreak investigation team to rapidly identify the source and prevent outbreak spread. Consumption information was shared with affected countries through a standard line list, revealing that 124 of 197 cases (63%) reported having eaten (any) melons within 7 days prior to disease onset. The speed and completeness of the investigation, which identified the outbreak vehicle as galia melons imported from Honduras in June 2021, was a direct result of extensive collaboration and information sharing between countries’ national food safety and public health authorities. This article describes the outbreak and the benefits, successes, and challenges of multi-country collaboration for consideration in future large foodborne outbreaks across Europe.
Early COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness of XBB.1.5 vaccine against hospitalisation and admission to intensive care, the Netherlands, 9 October to 5 December 2023
Authors: C Henri van Werkhoven, Anne-Wil Valk, Bente Smagge, Hester E de Melker, Mirjam J Knol, Susan JM Hahné, Susan van den Hof, Brechje de Gier
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2024)

We present early vaccine effectiveness (VE) estimates of the 2023 seasonal COVID-19 XBB.1.5 vaccine against COVID-19 hospitalisation and admission to an intensive care unit (ICU) in previously vaccinated adults ≥ 60 years in the Netherlands. We compared vaccination status of 2,050 hospitalisations including 92 ICU admissions with age group-, sex-, region- and date-specific population vaccination coverage between 9 October and 5 December 2023. VE against hospitalisation was 70.7% (95% CI: 66.6–74.3), VE against ICU admission was 73.3% (95% CI: 42.2–87.6).
Particulate matter exposure is associated with increased inflammatory cytokines and eosinophils in chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Rory J. Lubner, Kolin Rubel, Rakesh K. Chandra, Justin H. Turner, Naweed I. Chowdhury
Journal: Allergy (2024)

Abstract Background Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is thought to result from complex interactions between the host immune system, microbiota, and environmental exposures. Currently, there is limited data regarding the impact of ambient particulate matter ≤2.5 μm in diameter (PM 2.5 ) in the pathogenesis of CRS, despite evidence linking PM 2.5 to other respiratory diseases. We hypothesized that PM 2.5 may result in differential cytokine patterns that could inform our mechanistic understanding of the effect of environmental factors on CRS. Methods We conducted an analysis of data prospectively collected from 308 CRS patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery. Cytokines were quantified in intraoperative mucus specimens using a multiplex flow cytometric bead assay. Clinical and demographic data including zip codes were extracted and used to obtain tract‐level income and rurality measures. A spatiotemporal machine learning model was used to estimate daily PM 2.5 levels for the year prior to each patient's surgery date. Spearman correlations and regression analysis were performed to characterize the relationship between mucus cytokines and PM 2.5. Results Several inflammatory cytokines including IL‐2, IL‐5/IL‐13, IL‐12, and 21 were significantly correlated with estimated average 6, 9, and 12‐month preoperative PM 2.5 levels. These relationships were maintained for most cytokines after adjusting for age, income, body mass index, rurality, polyps, asthma, and allergic rhinitis (AR) ( p &lt; .05). There were also higher odds of asthma (OR = 1.5, p = .01) and AR (OR = 1.48, p = .03) with increasing 12‐month PM 2.5 exposure. Higher tissue eosinophil counts were associated with increasing PM 2.5 levels across multiple timeframes ( p &lt; .05). Conclusions Chronic PM 2.5 exposure may be an independent risk factor for development of a mixed, type‐2 dominant CRS inflammatory response.
Harnessing upregulated E-selectin while enhancing SDF-1α sensing redirects infused NK cells to the AML-perturbed bone marrow
Authors: Laura Sanz-Ortega, Agneta Andersson, Mattias Carlsten
Journal: Leukemia (2024)

Increased bone marrow (BM) homing of NK cells is associated with positive outcome in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) treated within adoptive NK cell transfer trials. While most efforts to further improve the efficacy focus on augmenting NK cell persistence and cytotoxicity, few address their ability to home to the tumor. Here, we decipher how AML growth alters the BM niche to impair NK cell infiltration and how insights can be utilized to resolve this issue. We show that AML development gradually impairs the BM homing capacity of infused NK cells, which was tightly linked to loss of SDF-1α in this environment. AML development also triggered up-regulation of E-selectin on BM endothelial cells. Given the poor E-selectin-binding capacity of NK cells, introduction of fucosyltransferase-7 (FUT7) to the NK cells per mRNA transfection resulted in potent E-selectin binding and stronger adhesion to E-selectin
Magnesium–ibogaine therapy in veterans with traumatic brain injuries
Authors: Kirsten N. Cherian, Jackob N. Keynan, Lauren Anker, Afik Faerman, Randi E. Brown, Ahmed Shamma, Or Keynan, John P. Coetzee, Jean-Marie Batail, Angela Phillips, Nicholas J. Bassano, Gregory L. Sahlem, Jose Inzunza, Trevor Millar, Jonathan Dickinson, C. E. Rolle, Jennifer Keller, Maheen Adamson, Ian H. Kratter, Nolan R. Williams
Journal: Nature Medicine (2024)

Abstract Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of disability. Sequelae can include functional impairments and psychiatric syndromes such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression and anxiety. Special Operations Forces (SOF) veterans (SOVs) may be at an elevated risk for these complications, leading some to seek underexplored treatment alternatives such as the oneirogen ibogaine, a plant-derived compound known to interact with multiple neurotransmitter systems that has been studied primarily as a treatment for substance use disorders. Ibogaine has been associated with instances of fatal cardiac arrhythmia, but coadministration of magnesium may mitigate this concern. In the present study, we report a prospective observational study of the Magnesium–Ibogaine: the Stanford Traumatic Injury to the CNS protocol (MISTIC), provided together with complementary treatment modalities, in 30 male SOVs with predominantly mild TBI. We assessed changes in the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule from baseline to immediately (primary outcome) and 1 month (secondary outcome) after treatment. Additional secondary outcomes included changes in PTSD (Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5), depression (Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale) and anxiety (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale). MISTIC resulted in significant improvements in functioning both immediately ( P corrected &lt; 0.001, Cohen’s d = 0.74) and 1 month ( P corrected &lt; 0.001, d = 2.20) after treatment and in PTSD ( P corrected &lt; 0.001, d = 2.54), depression ( P corrected &lt; 0.001, d = 2.80) and anxiety ( P corrected &lt; 0.001, d = 2.13) at 1 month after treatment. There were no unexpected or serious adverse events. Controlled clinical trials to assess safety and efficacy are needed to validate these initial open-label findings. ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT04313712 .
Rapid emergence of recalcitrant dermatophytosis caused by a cluster of multidrug-resistant <i>Trichophyton indotineae</i> in China
Authors: Wenting Xie, Xue Kong, Hailin Zheng, Huan Mei, Naicen Ge, Suquan Hu, Qiong Wang, Yuying Huang, Xiaodong She, Weida Liu, Guanzhao Liang, Xiaofang Li
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2024)

We describe 14 cases of native refractory dermatophytes caused by Trichophyton indotineae diagnosed at a hospital in China since 2021, primarily diagnosed in the past 1 year and from the same province. Trichophyton indotineae isolates were resistant to multiple antifungals and harboured Phe397Leu or Leu393Ser substitutions in the squalene epoxidase enzyme. Short-term rapid emergence of multidrug-resistant T. indotineae in China poses increasing threats to public safety and warrants continued public health surveillance.
Distinct and shared genetic architectures of gestational diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes
Authors: Amanda Elliott, Raymond K. Walters, Matti Pirinen, Mitja Kurki, Nella Junna, Jacqueline I. Goldstein, Mary Pat Reeve, Harri Siirtola, Susanna M. Lemmelä, Patrick Turley, Elisa Lahtela, Juha Mehtonen, Kadri Reis, Abdelrahman G. Elnahas, Anu Reigo, Priit Palta, Tõnu Esko, Reedik Mägi, Andres Metspalu, Mari Nelis, Lili Milani, Georgi Hudjashov, Haari Siirtola, Elisa Lahtinen, Aarno Palotie, Mark J. Daly, Elisabeth Widén
Journal: Nature Genetics (2024)

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common metabolic disorder affecting more than 16 million pregnancies annually worldwide
Women’s neuroplasticity during gestation, childbirth and postpartum
Authors: María Paternina-Die, Magdalena Martínez-García, Daniel Martín de Blas, Inés Noguero, Camila Servin-Barthet, Clara Pretus, Anna Soler, Gonzalo López-Montoya, Manuel Desco, Susana Carmona
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2024)

Pregnancy is a unique neuroplastic period in adult life. This longitudinal study tracked brain cortical changes during the peripartum period and explored how the type of childbirth affects these changes. We collected neuroanatomic, obstetric and neuropsychological data from 110 first-time mothers during late pregnancy and early postpartum, as well as from 34 nulliparous women evaluated at similar time points. During late pregnancy, mothers showed lower cortical volume than controls across all functional networks. These cortical differences attenuated in the early postpartum session. Default mode and frontoparietal networks showed below-expected volume increases during peripartum, suggesting that their reductions may persist longer. Results also pointed to different cortical trajectories in mothers who delivered by scheduled C-section. The main findings were replicated in an independent sample of 29 mothers and 24 nulliparous women. These data suggest a dynamic trajectory of cortical decreases during pregnancy that attenuates in the postpartum period, at a different rate depending on the brain network and childbirth type.
The genetic architecture of the human hypothalamus and its involvement in neuropsychiatric behaviours and disorders
Authors: Shi-Dong Chen, Jia You, Wei Zhang, Bang-Sheng Wu, Yi-Jun Ge, Shi-Tong Xiang, Jing Du, Kevin Kuo, Tobias Banaschewski, Gareth J. Barker, Arun L. W. Bokde, Sylvane Desrivières, Herta Flor, Antoine Grigis, Hugh Garavan, Penny Gowland, Andreas Heinz, Rüdiger Brühl, Jean-Luc Martinot, Marie-Laure Paillère Martinot, Eric Artiges, Frauke Nees, Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos, Herve Lemaitre, Tomáš Paus, Luise Poustka, Sarah Hohmann, Sabina Millenet, Christian Baeuchl, Michael N. Smolka, Nilakshi Vaidya, Henrik Walter, Robert Whelan, Gunter Schumann, Jian-Feng Feng, Qiang Dong, Wei Cheng, Jin-Tai Yu
Journal: Nature Human Behaviour (2024)
IKAROS and AIOLOS directly regulate AP-1 transcriptional complexes and are essential for NK cell development
Authors: Wilford Goh, Harrison Sudholz, Momeneh Foroutan, Sebastian Scheer, Aline Pfefferle, Rebecca B. Delconte, Xiangpeng Meng, Zihan Shen, Robert Hennessey, Isabella Y. Kong, Iona S. Schuster, Christopher E. Andoniou, Melissa J. Davis, Soroor Hediyeh-Zadeh, Fernando Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes, Ian A. Parish, Paul Beavis, Daniel Thiele, Michael Chopin, Mariapia A. Degli-Esposti, Joe Cursons, Axel Kallies, Jai Rautela, Stephen L. Nutt, Nicholas D. Huntington
Journal: Nature Immunology (2024)
Distinct baseline immune characteristics associated with responses to conjugated and unconjugated pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines in older adults
Authors: Sathyabaarathi Ravichandran, Fernando Erra-Diaz, Onur E. Karakaslar, Radu Marches, Lisa Kenyon-Pesce, Robert Rossi, Damien Chaussabel, Djamel Nehar-Belaid, David C. LaFon, Virginia Pascual, Karolina Palucka, Silke Paust, Moon H. Nahm, George A. Kuchel, Jacques Banchereau, Duygu Ucar
Journal: Nature Immunology (2024)

Abstract Pneumococcal infections cause serious illness and death among older adults. The capsular polysaccharide vaccine PPSV23 and conjugated alternative PCV13 can prevent these infections; yet, underlying immunological responses and baseline predictors remain unknown. We vaccinated 39 older adults (&gt;60 years) with PPSV23 or PCV13 and observed comparable antibody responses (day 28) and plasmablast transcriptional responses (day 10); however, the baseline predictors were distinct. Analyses of baseline flow cytometry and bulk and single-cell RNA-sequencing data revealed a baseline phenotype specifically associated with weaker PCV13 responses, which was characterized by increased expression of cytotoxicity-associated genes, increased frequencies of CD16 + natural killer cells and interleukin-17-producing helper T cells and a decreased frequency of type 1 helper T cells. Men displayed this phenotype more robustly and mounted weaker PCV13 responses than women. Baseline expression levels of a distinct gene set predicted PPSV23 responses. This pneumococcal precision vaccinology study in older adults uncovered distinct baseline predictors that might transform vaccination strategies and initiate novel interventions.