tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 13235: Comparison of Neointimal Coverage of Zotarolimus-Eluting Stent and Everolimus-Eluting Stent at 1, 2 and 3-Month Follow-Up: Evaluation by Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Makoto Nishinari, Takao Shimohama, Taiki Tojo, Takaaki Shiono, Hisahito Shinagawa, Ryo Kameda, Tohru Izumi
Journal: Circulation (2011)

BACKGROUND:  Confirming complete neointimal coverage after drug-eluting stents (DES) implantation is clinically important, because incomplete stent coverage is responsible for stent thrombosis. Previous study using optical coherence tomography (OCT) demonstrated that stent struts of first-generation DES still remain uncovered 3 months after deployment. On the other hand, the ENDEAVOR OCT showed 99.9% of the stent struts were covered with neointima at 3 months after zotarolimus-eluting stent (ZES; Endeavor Sprint) implantation. However, the time-course up to 3 months analyses of neointimal coverage in patients with second-generation DES, such as ZES and everolimus-eluting stent (EES; Xience V and PROMUS), has not been reported. The aim of this study was to compare vessel responses at 1, 2 and 3-month follow-up after ZES or EES implantation using OCT.   METHODS:  A total of 33 stents (16 ZES and 17 EES) in 26 patients with de novo native coronary lesions were enrolled in this study. OCT examination was performed at 1-month (n=12), 2-month (n=14) and 3-month (n=7) follow-up after ZES or EES implantation. Cross-sectional OCT images were analyzed at 1 mm intervals. The strut apposition to the vessel wall and neointimal coverage on struts were evaluated by OCT. Mean neointimal hyperplasia (NIH) was also measured.   RESULTS:  Neointimal coverage was almost completed at 3 months after ZES implantation. In addition, 70% of ZES struts were covered with neointima at even 1-month follow-up. Whereas, the rate of neointimal coverage was 37%, 46% and 60% at 1, 2 and 3-month follow-up after EES implantation, respectively (Table). Thrombus was observed in 3 stents (1 ZES vs. 2 EES).   CONCLUSIONS:  Within 3 months after implantation, vessel healing was better with second-generation DES. Especially, the rate of neointimal coverage was greater in ZES compared with in EES.
Sleep events among veterans with combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder
Authors: T A Mellman, R Kulick-Bell, L E Ashlock, B Nolan
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1995)

Sleep disturbances are important features of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD); however, the published data characterizing PTSD sleep phenomena are limited. The authors report on the phenomenology and physiological correlates of symptomatic sleep events in PTSD.The study data included survey results that addressed sleep symptoms during the past month in combat veterans with and without PTSD (N = 58), sleep diary records of awakenings from combat veterans with PTSD hospitalized on an inpatient rehabilitation unit (N = 52), and overnight polysomnography recordings obtained from 21 medication-free combat veterans with PTSD and eight healthy comparison subjects not exposed to combat.Recurrent awakenings, threatening dreams, thrashing movements during sleep, and awakenings with startle or panic features represented the most prevalently reported sleep-related symptoms. Laboratory findings of longer time awake, micro-awakenings, and a trend for patients to exhibit body and limb movements during sleep are consistent with the subjectively reported symptom profile. Prospectively assessed symptomatic awakenings featured startle or panic symptoms or anxiety related to threatening dreams. Laboratory findings revealed a trend for the symptomatic awakenings (with and without dream recall) to be disproportionately preceded by REM sleep, and the two recorded awakenings with objective physiological arousal were preceded by REM.PTSD features intrusions into sleep of more highly aroused behaviors and states, which appear partially conditioned to REM sleep.
British Columbia to launch 24 hour health helpline
Authors: David Spurgeon
Journal: BMJ (2001)

In an initiative echoing the UK government's attempts to reduce pressure on the NHS, the provincial government of British Columbia has launched a series of measures, including a 24 hour nurse telephone hotline, to relieve stress on overcrowded emergency rooms, overworked nurses, and busy general practitioners.

It is also distributing 1.5 million free copies of a health guidebook to its citizens and setting up an internet website. From April 2001, British Columbians will have 24 hour, freephone access to HealthGuide Nurseline, staffed by specially trained registered nurses—rather like NHS Direct. The nurses will help callers to recognise and describe health problems accurately and explain the range of medically sound treatment options available to them. But they will not diagnose, recommend tests, or make treatment decisions.

The 396 page guidebook contains practical tips approved by health professionals for common health problems and suggests when it is necessary to call a health professional.
Correlation of ear length with age in Japan
Authors: Y. Asai, M. Yoshimura, N. Nago, T. Yamada
Journal: BMJ (1996)

EDITOR,—James A Heathcote's cross sectional study is a good example of studies that primary care physicians can carry out to answer questions that the literature does not resolve.1 The study showed a positive relation between age and ear length, but several problems should be addressed. How large is the correlation coefficient? Do taller people have longer ears? Do elderly people of other races …
Man Under Pressure
Authors: D J KIDD
Journal: BMJ (1965)

Current achievements in environments at pressures higher than atmospheric are reviewed, ranging from the uses of hyperbaric oxygen for treatment to the concept of residence at high pressure for extended Continental Shelf exploration and very deep caisson work.A case is made for the use of high oxygen pressures in the treatment of hypoxias of acute onset, of certain infections, and as an adjunct to radiotherapy. Achievement of the desired high tissue tensions of oxygen while avoiding toxicity requires careful choice of both pressure and duration of exposure.Man has successfully dived to 1000 feet in the sea, and has remained for weeks at high pressures. Adequate prophylactic decompression remains a major problem, since current recompression procedures are to a large extent empirically derived. There are grounds for expecting improved prophylactic and therapeutic procedures when present studies are completed.
Abstract 3051: Percutaneous Repair of Functional Mitral Regurgitation Using CARILLON <sup>™</sup> Mitral Contour System. Acute Transesophageal Echocardiography Results from AMADEUS <sup>™</sup> Trial
Authors: Tomasz Siminiak, Uta C Hoppe, Joachim Schofer, Michael Haude, Jean-Paul Herrman, Jindra Vainer, Ludwik Firek, David G Reuter, Steven L Goldberg, Richard Van Bibber
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Left ventricular dilatation with subsequent mitral insufficiency exacerbates heart failure. New techniques for percutaneous repair of Functional Mitral Regurgitation (FMR) are being developed to minimize the high procedural risk of conventional cardiac surgery therapies. To evaluate the feasibility and procedural safety of percutaneous mitral valve repair with CARILLON ™ Mitral Contour System ™ (Cardiac Dimensions® Inc.) in FMR patients AMADEUS ™ trial has been designed. Patients with FMR of both ischemic and non-ischemic origin were enrolled to this multicenter phase I trial. The device is implanted into the coronary venous system and applies tension to the mitral ring in order to improve coaptation of the leaflets. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) was used to assess the MR changes. Acute procedural data, obtained in the cath lab immediately before and after the procedure, are reported. Percutaneous mitral annuloplasty in patients with FMR and dilated cardiomyopathy resulted in acute MR reduction (grade 3.0±0.6 to 2.0±0.8, p&lt;0.0001) and permanent device implantation in 30 out of 43 attempts. Additional measurements in final 20 implanted patients showed reductions in vena contracta (0.69±0.29 cm to 0.46±0.26 cm, p&lt;0.0001), effective regurgitant orifice area (0.33±0.17 cm 2 to 0.19±0.08 cm 2 , p&lt;0.0001), regurgitant volume (40±20 ml to 24±11 ml, p= 0.0005), and jet area/left atrial area (45±13% to 32±12%, p&lt;0.0001). Coronary arteries were crossed in 36 patients (84%), but arterial compromise contributed to lack of implantation in 6 patients (14%). All unsuccessful implants were recaptured and removed in these patients without procedural complications. Permanent implantation of the device is safely achievable in the majority of eligible patients resulting in acute MR reduction. Arteries are crossed in most patients and without significant impact. Phase two trials including long term clinical observations on larger number of patients are needed to asses the clinical value of the technique.
Abstract P103: Effects of Chest Compression Pressure Field on Stroke Volume during Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Authors: Joshua W Lampe, Gerrit J Noordergraaf, Abraham Noordergraaf, Lance B Becker
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Hypothesis: The way that chest compressions generate blood flow remains unclear. Additionally, different mechanical chest compression devices may create different thoracic pressure fields. We hypothesize that three thoracic pressure fields, direct ventricular massage, cardiac pump, and thoracic pump, generate blood flow through different mechanisms resulting in different stroke volumes. Methods: The Donder’s model of the human cardiovascular system models vessels as resistor-inductor-capacitor (RLC) circuits, where the resistive component describes the viscous resistance to blood flow, the inductive component describes the inertial resistance to blood flow changes, and the capacitive component describes the elastic properties of the vessel. The model can account for effects of respiration on blood flow. Cardiac output for the three pressure fields was modeled using sinusoidal compression waveforms with maximum pressures between 25 and 150 mmHg. Results: The figure shows the dependence of stroke volume on the pressure maximum for the three pressure fields. Peak stroke volumes occur near 75 mmHg for ventricular massage, 125 mmHg for thoracic pump, and 25 mmHg for cardiac pump compressions. Ventricular massage and the cardiac pump model utilize the heart valves to generate blood flow. The thoracic pump model generates blood flow by utilizing the elastic differences between veins and arteries. Conclusions: The three pressure fields have unique values for optimum compression pressure. The Donder’s model may allow for rapid investigation of many pressure fields, pressure wave forms, and compression to ventilation ratios to accelerate the optimization of CPR.
Abstract 10806: Prevalence of Premature Coronary Heart Disease and Female Gender in Patients Presenting with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Michael D Miedema, Ross F Garberich, Thomas A Knickelbine, Terrence F Longe, Timothy D Henry
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: For primary prevention of cardiovascular disease, current guidelines recommend pharmacotherapy therapy only for those deemed high-risk for a cardiovascular event. Despite the presence...
Ethics and Amniocentesis for Fetal Sex Identification
Authors: John C. Fletcher
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

Two types of parents request fetal sex identification by amniocentesis: the first group risk transmitting a sex-linked hereditary disorder and the second want to select the gender of their next child. Physicians generally encourage the first type of parent but discourage the second.Prenatal diagnosis for sex choice is controversial because of ethical objections to the use of abortion for such a reason and because of the question of whether amniocentesis, a scarce medical resource, can prudently be used for this purpose.1 The issue is complex and involves many competing ethical claims.I have re-evaluated my position on this issue . . .
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Ralph A. DeFronzo, Ele Ferrannini, Leif Groop, Robert R. Henry, William H. Herman, Jens Juul Holst, Frank B. Hu, C. Ronald Kahn, Itamar Raz, Gerald I. Shulman, Donald C. Simonson, Marcia A. Testa, Ram Weiss
Journal: Nature Reviews Disease Primers (2015)
House dust mite allergen avoidance in asthma
Authors: D. P Strachan
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Papers p 1105 

Since faecal pellets of house dust mites were identified as the principal source of allergen in house dust over 30 years ago,1 the role of mite eradication or allergen avoidance in the management of asthmatic patients has remained controversial.2

Enthusiasts point to studies in which allergic asthmatic patients stayed for several months in hospitals or high altitude Alpine sanatoriums. In these effectively mite free environments their condition improved both symptomatically and in terms of non-specific bronchial responsiveness. 34 These were, however, uncontrolled studies in which patient blindness was impossible, so not all the benefits can be attributed unequivocally to allergen avoidance. Nevertheless, that is the most plausible explanation, implying that radical reduction in mite allergen exposure may be beneficial to at least some asthmatics.

Sceptics emphasise the practical challenge of achieving sustained and substantial reductions in mite allergen exposure in the home, particularly in regions, including Britain, where mite infestation is widespread. In theory, personal exposure may be reduced by eradicating mites from the environment or …
Abstract 12908: Inhibition of Hepatic Sulf2 in vivo Corrects Postprandial Dyslipidemia in Type 2 Diabetic Mice
Authors: Carlijne Hassing, Hans L Mooij, Shuling Guo, Brett Monia, Geesje M Dallinga-Thie, Max Nieuwdorp, Keyang Chen, Erik S Stroes, Kevin Jon Williams
Journal: Circulation (2011)
Abstract 11097: Evaluation of Micro-vascular Obstruction after Acute Myocardial Infarction with Delayed Enhancement Cardiac MR Imaging compared with Mismatch of BMIPP and thallium SPECT
Authors: Hiroaki Mori, Junji Watanabe, Masaaki Kanashiro, Satoshi Ichimiya, Manabu Miura, Shinichi Sakai, Satoshi Isobe, Toyoaki Murohara
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging is a useful modality in assessing myocardial structural changes in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The hypo-enhanced regions w...
Risk stratification following myocardial infarction in the thrombolytic era
Authors: Dietrich Andresen, Gerhard Steinbeck, Thomas Brüggemann, Dirk Müller, Ralph Haberl, Steffen Behrens, Ellen Hoffmann, Karl Wegscheider, Rüdiger Dissmann, Hans-Christoph Ehlers
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1999)
Abstract 19528: ICD in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Outcome and Complications
Authors: Dan Musat, Suneet Mittal, Sean Morgan, Patricia Chavarria, Glenda Winson, Emad F Aziz, Bette Kim, Jonathan S Steinberg, Mark V Sherrid
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: The use of implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) in selected patients (pts) with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) at risk for sudden death (SCD) is accepted, but there may be a ...
Assessment of object relations and reality testing in methadone patients
Authors: M J Rutherford, J S Cacciola, A I Alterman, J R McKay
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1996)

The authors studied methadone maintenance patients to determine the degree of their impairment in object relations and reality testing and the relationship of such impairment to comorbid axis I and axis II disorders. It was expected that deficits in object relations and, to a lesser degree, reality testing would be exhibited by the group as a whole and that they would be related to the presence of comorbid disorders.The self-report Bell Object Relations Reality Testing Inventory was administered to 240 methadone maintenance patients. The subjects were first divided into groups on the basis of number of comorbid axis I disorders and then on the basis of number of comorbid axis II disorders. Finally, the subjects were placed into one of four groups on the basis of the combined presence or absence of axis I and axis II disorders.The methadone patients exhibited some specific impairments in object relations, but not in reality testing. Bell inventory scores did not significantly differ according to the number of comorbid axis I disorders, but they did significantly differ according to number of axis II disorders diagnosed. The scores were poorest for those with axis II disorders only, while subjects with only axis I disorders had scores similar to those with neither axis I nor II disorders.Comorbid axis II disorders, more than axis I disorders, may be associated with problems in object relations and reality testing in methadone patients.
Decision-making roles and activity in information seeking among cancer patients: A URCC CCOP Research Base study
Authors: S. L. Ranson, G. R. Morrow, M. Conrad, T. Banerjee, T. Holtz, M. Hofman, K. Mustian
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

8083 Background. Research literature assumes patients are more likely to leave decisions about treatment to doctors. This study looks at self-reporting on decision-making, information-seeking among cancer pts. Methods. The URCC CCOP Research Base surveyed 1015 cancer pts, following diagnoses and referral to a CCOP treatment facility. Pts. responded at pre-treatment and post-treatment. Respondents were asked their preference level in making final decisions about treatments on a scale from “1” (pts. wanted the final decision) to “5” (doctor makes the decision solely). How actively the respondents sought information from “1” (not at all) to “5” (very active) was also assessed. Results. At pre-treatment, 64.6% of 952 respondents preferred some responsibility for treatment decisions, 24.2% wanted their opinions seriously considered in doctors’ final decisions, 11.2% preferred doctors make all decisions. At post-treatment, 53.7% of 752 respondents preferred some responsibility in treatment decisions, 16.0% felt their opinions were seriously considered in doctors’ final decisions, 29.8% left all decisions to doctors. Additionally during pre-treatment, 85.2% respondents indicated they actively seek information about their cancer, while 11.9% receive information passively, 2.7% don’t not seek information. At post-treatment, 79.1% of respondents actively sought information that information, 15.5% passively received information, and 5.2% sought no information. Comparing activity in seeking information to roles in decision-making processes, a negative Pearson correlation (Table 1) was found to be statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusion. Patient reporting methods evince patients prefer to have an active role in the decision-making process. Additionally, the more actively respondents sought information, the less they placed decision-making solely to their doctors. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
The response of five primary ovarian cancer cell lines to taxol compared to the results of extreme drug resistance (EDR) assays
Authors: S. Shahabi, C.-P. H. Yang, G. L. Goldberg, S. B. Horwitz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

9663 Background: The extreme drug resistance (EDR) assay is an in vitro chemoresistance assay. The correlation between EDR results and clinical response to chemotherapy in patients with ovarian cancer has been questioned. We developed five primary epithelial ovarian cancer cell lines (SS2 to SS6) from ascites in patients with histologically confirmed epithelial ovarian cancer. The ex-vivo chemosensitivity was tested in these cell lines with microtubule stabilizing agents (MSA): Taxol, epothilone B (EpoB), and discodermolide. Mutation in tubulin is one of the mechanisms of resistance to MSA and p53 status correlates with MSA sensitivity. We performed α-β tubulin and p53 mutation analyses to test this hypothesis. Methods: Primary ovarian cancer cells were isolated from ascitic fluid. Anti-Cytokeratin cocktail AE1+AE3 antibodies were used to confirm the purity of epithelial cancer cells. IC50 of ovarian cancer cells with MSA was determined. Cell cycle analyses of the primary ovarian cancer cells treated with MSA were determined with 4–1000nM for 24 h. The IC50 of Taxol was compared to the EDR assay results. α-β tubulin and p53 were amplified by RT-PCR and sequenced. Results: Anti-Cytokeratin confirmed the purity of epithelial ovarian cancer cells. Primary cancer cells were not completely blocked at the G2/M phase by 200nM MSA in 24 h, although they were highly sensitive to Taxol, EpoB, and discodermolide. Doubling time was 72 hours for the primary cancer cells. α-β tubulin mutation was not found in the primary ovarian cancer cells. SS3 and SS6 harbor p53 mutations at residue 72 (Arg to Pro). Arg 72 is located in the transcriptional transactivation domain. SS3 was highly sensitive to Taxol with an IC50 of 0.2 nM. However, EDR assay results of SS3 revealed it to be extremely resistant to Taxol. Conclusion: The primary epithelial ovarian cancer cells have a longer doubling time compared to immortalized ovarian cancer cell lines. This is the first report of discordance between Taxol EDR assay results and Taxol ex-vivo chemosensitivity assay on primary cancer cells developed from the same ovarian tumor. The clinical significance of p53 codon 72 polymorphism in epithelial ovarian cancer requires further study. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 17985: Longest Available (up to Eight Years) Experience With Drug-Eluting Stents for Non-Selected Complex Patients: Assessing the Independent Predictors of Negative Events in the Desire Registry
Authors: Jose de Ribamar Costa, Amanda Sousa, Adriana Moreira, Ricardo Costa, Galo Maldonado, Manuel Cano, Mariana Carballo, Cantidio Campos, J Eduardo Sousa
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background:  Although DES are markedly superior in reducing the need of repeat lesion revascularization when compared to BMS, the very long term outcomes of this novel technology remains relatively unclear, especially in more complex subsets of patients and lesions not initially investigated in controlled RCT.   Methods:  The DESIRE registry is a prospective, single-center registry with consecutive patients treated solely with DES between May 2002 and Mar 2010. All subsets of patients and lesions are included in this registry. The primary goal was very long-term occurrence of MACE and stent thrombosis (ST). Patients were clinically evaluated at 1, 6 and 12 months and then annually, up to 8 years (ongoing FU). A multivariate model was built to determine independent predictors of MACE, TLR and ST.   Results:  A total of 3,220 patients were included. The mean age was 64 + 11 years. DM was detected in 28.6% and 44.8% presented with acute coronary syndrome. SVG lesions and STEMI pts represented 7% and 12% of the cohort, respectively. Cypher™ was the predominant DES (82.2%). Follow-up was obtained in 98% of the eligible patients (median 3.5 years). Up to seven-year follow-up, 89.6% of the population was free of any MACE. TLR was performed in 3.3% of the patients. Q-wave MI occurred in only 0.7% of these patients and total ST rate was 1.6% (n=42). Independent predictors of MACE were treatment of SVG lesions (HR 1,63; 95% CI, 1.22 to 2.18, p= 0.001), treatment of multivessel disease (HR 1.39; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.87, p   Conclusions:  The use of DES in unselected population was associated with very long-term sustained safety and effectiveness with acceptable low rates of adverse clinical events, including ST.