tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 18506: Interaction of Coronary Artery Calcification and Increasing Burden of Traditional Risk Factors on All Cause Mortality
Authors: Khurram Nasir, Jonathan Rubin, Leslee J Shaw, Michael J Blaha, Atif N Khan, Juan J Rivera, Daniel Berman, Paolo Raggi, Tracy Callister, John Rumberger, Roger S Blumenthal, Matthew J Budoff
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Objectives: We sought to examine the interplay between increasing burden of traditional risk factors (RF) and coronary artery calcium (CAC), for the prediction of all cause mortality. Methods: The study cohort consisted of 44,052 consecutive asymptomatic individuals free of known coronary heart disease referred for non contrast computed tomography (CT) for the assessment of CAC. The following risk factors were considered in our study. 1) Cigarette smoking, 2) Dyslipidemia, 3) Diabetes Mellitus, 4) Hypertension, and 5) Family history of CHD. Patients were followed for a mean of 5.6 ± 2.6 years (range 1 - 13 years). The primary endpoint for the study cohort was mortality. Results: Overall no RF were found in 18,819 subjects (43%), whereas 10,093 (23%), 8,754 (20%) and 6,386 (14%) reported 1, 2 and ≥3 RF respectively. Additionally, 19,898 patients (45%) had no CAC, whereas 14,181 (32%) had CAC scores of 1-100, 5,739 (13%) had CAC scores of 101-400, and 4,234 (10%) had CAC>400. Annualized mortality rates for ...
Abstract 2278: Isoform Specific PKC Responses Modulate ET-1 and Hypoxia Reperfusion Induced Injury
Authors: Danny Ramzy, Laura C Tumiati, Rohit Sheshgiri, Jessica Jackman, Mitesh Badiwala, Elissa Tepperman, Vivek Rao
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Hypoxia and reperfusion (H/R) injury is a predominant cause of allograft failure following heart transplantation. Several investigators have shown that endothelin-1 (ET) reduces myocardial function and survival via modulation of protein kinase C (PKC). We examined the role of ET and PKC modulation on human saphenous vein endothelial cells (HSVEC). Methods: HSVEC were submitted to 24 hours of hypoxia (PO 2 &lt;0.1%) and 24 hour of reperfusion (PO 2 =21%). Normoxic controls were incubated at PO 2 =21%. Cells were incubated with either ET:100nM, BOS (ET antagonist):10μM, ET+BOS or PBS during H/R. Cells were also treated with PKCδ, PKCλ and PKCϵ inhibitors. Caspase activity was measured. Free radical (ROS) and NO production were measured. Protein expression and translocation of PKC isoforms and eNOS were assessed using Western Blot analysis. Results: Apoptosis (35% increase in caspase 3,8,9 activity) was observed following H/R compared to normoxia. BOS therapy prevented apoptosis while ET exposure increased caspase activity by 75%, p&lt;0.01. H/R resulted in PKCδ and ϵ translocation while reducing PKCλ activity. BOS exposure prevented H/R induced PKCδ and ϵ activation and PKCλ inhibition while incubation with ET enhanced H/R induced PKC effects. PKCδ and ϵ inhibition reduced caspase activity after H/R and abrogated ET induced apoptosis, p&lt;0.01. PKCλ inhibition enhanced apoptosis. NO production was impaired following H/R, p&lt;0.05. BOS therapy restored NO homeostasis while ET exposure worsened NO production compared to H/R alone, p&lt;0.05. PKCδ and ϵ inhibition improved NO production while PKCλ inhibition worsened NO release. H/R driven ROS production was inhibited by BOS and enhanced by ET exposure, p&lt;0.01. PKCλ inhibition raised ROS production while PKCδ and ϵ inhibition reduced ROS release, p&lt;0.01. eNOS protein expression was reduced by H/R while BOS treatment prevented downregulation. Conclusions: Our findings revealed that ET plays a crucial role in cellular injury following H/R via specific PKC isoforms. ET via PKC modulation leads to endothelial dysfunction and cell death. Therefore, targeted isoform specific PKC modulation as well as BOS may prove to be optimal strategy to prevent endothelial injury during allograft storage and transplantation.
Abstract 3581: Predicting Mortality in Acute Coronary Syndromes; A Comparison of the TIMI and GRACE Risk Scores
Authors: Krishna Aragam, Umesh Tamhane, Eva Kline-Rogers, Jin Li, Keith A Fox, Shaun Goodman, Kim A Eagle, Hitinder S Gurm
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: The Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) and the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) risk scores are widely recognized tools for assessing risk in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). However, their relative predictive abilities remain poorly defined in broad-spectrum ACS populations. Objective: We sought to compare the effectiveness of the GRACE and TIMI risk scores in predicting in-hospital and 6-month post-discharge mortality in unselected patients presenting with ACS. Methods: Data were collected for 3451 patients admitted to the University of Michigan between 1999 and 2005 with an admission diagnosis of ACS. Six month follow-up data were available for 3170 of these patients. GRACE and TIMI scores were calculated for each patient based on previously established criteria. The predictive ability of each score was assessed for two primary outcomes - in-hospital mortality and 6-month mortality - by analyzing the area under each receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: The observed mortality was 3.97% (137 deaths) in-hospital and 7.38% (234 deaths) at 6 months among those surviving to hospital discharge. The GRACE score was significantly better than the TIMI score in predicting in hospital and 6-month mortality (p&lt;0.0001 in both cases, Figure ). Conclusion: The GRACE score was significantly better than the TIMI score in predicting in-hospital and 6-month mortality in unselected patients presenting with ACS.
Abstract 3258: A Combined Cell Sheets With Adipose Tissue Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Skeletal Myoblasts Provide Complete Myocardial Regeneration in Rat Myocardial Infarction Model
Authors: Yasuhiro Shudo, Goro Matsumiya, Shigeru Miyagawa, Koji Takeda, Hisazumi Uenaka, Shunsuke Saito, Shigeru Matsumi, Masako Yokoyama, Naoko Miyamoto, Atsuhiro Saito, Hanayuki Okura, Akifumi Matsuyama, Tatsuya Shimizu, Mitsuo Okano, Yoshiki Sawa
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background: Skeletal myoblasts (SMB) sheets induce myocardial regeneration in failing hearts via the paracrine system by providing large amounts of cytokines. We hypothesized whether adipose tissue...
The WHO collaborative study on strategies for extending mental health care, III: Evaluative design and illustrative results
Authors: T W Harding, E d'Arrigo Busnello, C E Climent, M Diop, A El-Hakim, R Giel, H H Ibrahim, L Ladrido-Ignacio, N N Wig
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1983)

Teams in seven developing countries have adopted a common research design to evaluate new community mental health care services. The nature of the intervention programs varied considerably according to the characteristics of each area. Observations made before the intervention and 18 to 24 months after showed significant changes in the attitudes, knowledge, and diagnostic accuracy of health staff and in community attitudes and reactions. A considerable number of individuals with serious mental disorders received effective care for the first time.
Smoldering Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Prasad Hk, Zhan F, Shaughnessy J
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

To the Editor: Kyle et al. (June 21 issue)1 propose a clinically useful risk-stratification model of progression from smoldering multiple myeloma to overt multiple myeloma. Gene-expression–signature data might enhance their model. Recent studies have shown that a 50-gene panel can distinguish monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS)–like multiple myeloma (better prognosis) from non–MGUSlike multiple myeloma.2 Studies have also shown that multiple myeloma can be divided into eight distinct molecular subtypes with different prognoses.3 Smoldering multiple myeloma with gains of chromosome 1q21 is associated with an increased risk of conversion to multiple myeloma,4 and a gene-expression signature of high-risk disease, reflecting altered expression of genes mapping to chromosomes 1q and 1p, could distinguish new and acquired high-risk disease independently of other prognostic factors.5 We look forward to the day when molecular tests become a component of the clinical workup in patients with plasma-cell dyscrasias. H. Keshava Prasad, M.D.
Abstract 3071: Meta-Analysis of High-Dose Single-Bolus Tirofiban versus Abciximab in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Interventions
Authors: C B Dawson, Debabrata Mukherjee, Marco Valgimigli, Richard Charnigo, Darren L Walters, Gian B Danzi, Leonardo Bolognese, David J Moliterno, Eric J Topol
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Background Prior studies with tirofiban (10 μg/kg bolus and 0.15 μg/kg/min infusion) during coronary intervention (PCI) have been associated with higher incidence of adverse cardiac events at 30-da...
Depression and unintended pregnancy in young women
Authors: R. S Kahn
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Editor—Reardon and Cougle's paper raises at least three concerns.1

Firstly, their analyses do not address the stated hypothesis. No results indicate whether “prior psychological state is equally predictive of subsequent depression among women . . . regardless of whether they abort or carry to term.” Nevertheless, their unstated hypothesis, focused on abortion and depressive symptoms, may be the more central question.

Secondly, the final sample of women is surprisingly small. Only 421 of the initial 4463 women reported a first abortion or first unintended delivery between 1980 and 1992. Is it possible that the question in 1992 asking pregnancy intention actually referred to a much narrower time frame (that is, a delivery between the biannual surveys)? Little information is given about the abortion question; it is possible that the index unintended pregnancy defined in 1992 resulted in neither the first abortion nor the first delivery.

Thirdly, the discussion omits mention of possible residual confounding. The national longitudinal survey of youth (NLSY) uses a four item abbreviated version (NLSY Cronbach α 0.35) of Rotter's original 60 item locus of control scale, which itself is probably an inadequate proxy for prior psychological state. Furthermore, a one year measure of income may be only a modest proxy for a person's lifetime socioeconomic position.2,3 The robustness of the authors' findings could be examined with other available measures. For example, the 1980 Rosenberg self esteem scale data (NLSY Cronbach α 0.83) and the full 12 years of annual income and family size data would be stronger, though still less than optimal, tests of the hypotheses.

This criticism is not an attempt to dismiss research on the topic; rather, such important and highly contentious questions require published studies with equal degrees of rigour and transparency.
BH3 Profiling Predicts On-Target Cell Death Due To Selective Inhibition Of BCL-2 By ABT-199 In Acute Myelogenous Leukemia
Authors: Leah Hogdal, Daniel J. DeAngelo, Richard M. Stone, Verena I. Gaidzik, Donna Bucci, Konstanze Döhner, Guido Marcucci, Jeremy Ryan, Anthony Letai
Journal: Blood (2013)
Abstract 4647: Long-Term Results after Repeated Cryoballoon Ablation of Paroxysmal or Persistent Atrial Fibrillation without On-Top-Therapie
Authors: Lydia Koch, Henry Schuett, Udo Zacharzowsky, Sebastian Spencker, Heinz-Peter Schultheiss, Alexander Schirdewan
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: Circumferential pulmonary vein (PV) ablation represents a challenging technique that may involve fatal complications. Thus, the cryoballoon technique has been developed to improve feasi...
Abstract 1831: Prognostic Value of the Addition of B-Type Natriuretic Peptide and Ultra sensitive C-Reactive Protein to Left Atrial Appendage Area and Velocity by Transesophageal Echocardiography in Predicting Recurrence of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients Undergoing Pulmonary Vein Antral Isolation
Authors: Sukaina Jaffer, Wilson Tong, Susan Jasper, Jared D Klein, Diana Dolney, Jeanne K Drinko, Andrea Natale, W H Tang, Allan L Klein
Journal: Circulation (2006)
Ongoing measles outbreak, Geneva, Switzerland, January to March 2011
Authors: E Delaporte, J L Richard, C A Wyler Lazarevic, O Lacour, M Girard, C Ginet, A Iten, P Sudre
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2011)

An outbreak of measles is ongoing in Geneva, Switzerland, since January 2011, in the context of a measles epidemic in neighbouring Rhône-Alpes, France. A total of 41 confirmed cases have been reported, the majority among young adults, many unaware of their non-immune status. There is no large clustering of cases and 14 cases were imported or linked to imported cases. Catch-up vaccination, especially among young adults, may be necessary to prevent further extension of this outbreak.
Adult-onset Still's disease: destructive distal interphalangeal arthritis associated with transient capsular calcification
Authors: P. H. M. De Mulder, L. B. A. Van De Putte
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1982)

AbstractA case is described of adult-onset Still's disease with severe destructive arthritis of the distal interphalangeal joints of the hand, associated with transient capsular calcification.
Amyloidosis in Mice Exposed to Daily &lt;italic&gt;Gamma&lt;/italic&gt; Irradiation&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: S. Lesher, D. Grahn, A. Sallese
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1957)

Journal Article Amyloidosis in Mice Exposed to Daily Gamma Irradiation Get access S. Lesher, S. Lesher Division of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D. Grahn, D. Grahn Division of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A. Sallese A. Sallese Division of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 19, Issue 6, December 1957, Pages 1119–1131, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/19.6.1119 Published: 01 December 1957 Article history Received: 28 June 1957 Published: 01 December 1957
Abstract 14194: Genetic Ablation of Potassium Channel Subunit Kvβ2 Slows Repolarization in the Cardiac Septum and Leads to Cardiac Remodeling
Authors: Peter J Kilfoil, Oleg A Barski, Kenneth R Brittian, Sumanth D Prabhu, Aruni Bhatnager, Srinivas M Tipperaju
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Multiple voltage-gated (Kv) channels are expressed in the heart and they regulate the resting membrane potential and the repolarization phase of the action potential. Members of the Kv1 and Kv4 fam...
Abstract 8419: Impact of Abdominal Obesity and Physical Inactivity on the Relationship Between Systemic Hypertension and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in Apparently Healthy Men and Women
Authors: Caroline Rheaume, Benoit J Arsenault, Jean-Pierre Després, Dorcely Amos, Nicholas J Wareham, Kay-Tee Khaw, Matthijs Boekholdt
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background Individuals with systemic hypertension (HT) are at increased of future coronary heart disease (CHD). Physical inactivity and abdominal obesity may increase the risk of HT and impact on the relationship of HT and CHD risk. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to test the hypothesis that active individuals with smaller waist circumference (WC) will have lower blood pressure (BP) than inactive individuals with higher WC in a large population-based sample of individuals representative of a contemporary European population. Our second objective was to determine the respective contributions of WC and HT to CHD risk. Methods and Results A total of 9580 men and 12250 women aged 45 to 79 years residing in Norfolk, United Kingdom participated in a prospective, population-based study with a 11.4-year follow-up. During follow-up, 2191 CHD events were recorded. Physical activity was evaluated using a validated lifestyle questionnaire that takes into account both leisure-time and work-related physical activity. WC was measured at the smallest circumference between the ribs and iliac crest with a D-loop non-stretch fibreglass tape. BP was measured by using a non-invasive oscillometric device in sitting position. Within each physical activity category, a consistent relationship was observed between increasing WC tertiles and increasing systolic (SBP) and diastolic BP. Within each WC tertile, inactive individuals had higher SBP than active individuals (P for trend &lt;0.001). After adjusting for traditional CHD risk factors, compared to individuals with both low WC and BP, those with high BP and high WC were at increased CHD risk (Hazard ratio (HR) =3.32 [95% CI, 2.25-4.89] and 3.11 [1.98-4.87] respectively in men and women). In individuals with normal BP, those in the top WC tertile were at increased CHD risk compared to those in the bottom WC tertile (HR=2.78 [1.66-4.66] and 2.23 [1.18-4.20] respectively in men and women). Conclusion In this population-based study, elevated WC and HT have an independent and additive impact on CHD risk. Targeting elevated abdominal obesity by increasing physical activity levels may reduce the increased CHD risk associated with elevated BP in primary prevention.
Pharmacogenetics of epirubicin and uridine glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 in early breast cancer patients
Authors: J. R. Mackey, S. Damaraju, E. Pituskin, A. G. Scarfe, K. Tonkin, H.-J. Au, S. Koski, A. A. Joy, J. Hanson, M. B. Sawyer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

2015 Background: Anthracyclines are widely used for the treatment of breast cancer. Unlike doxorubicin, the major mechanism of epirubicin inactivation is metabolism to inactive glucuronides by uridine glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 2B7. A polymorphism has been discovered at position -161 T to C in the enhancer region which correlated with efficacy of morphine glucuronidation (Sawyer et al. Clin Pharmcol Ther 2003). Methods: We have carried out a prospective pharmacogenetic study of epirubicin metabolism in M0 breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant or neoadjuvant FEC100 (5-fluorouracil 500 mg/m2, Epirubicin 100 mg/m2 and cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m2) given every 3 weeks. Patients did not receive prophylactic G-CSF. Drug levels were drawn at 1 and 24 hours. Patients were followed during cycle 1 for toxicity, graded according to the NCIC CTC criteria. To date 102 patients have been enrolled to date out of a planned sample of 120. Patient characteristics-median (range): age 50 (28 - 67), sex 101 F/ 1 M, baseline AST 22 U/L (13–66), ALT 21 U/L (5–90), bilirubin 7 μmol/L (2–24), creatinine 73 μmol/L (51 - 126). Results: 24 patients were TT homozygotes, 55 were CT heterozygotes, and 23 were CC homozygotes. There was no relationship between nausea, vomiting or mucositis and UGT2B7 genotype. The mean neutrophil survival fraction was 14%, 11% and 8% for TT, CT, and CC genotypes (p=0.3, ANOVA test). There was a trend for increased grade 3/4neutropenia in patients having at least one deficient allele (i.e. CT or CC) vs. wild type homozygous (TT) (p=0.1, Chi square test). Patients with a deficient allele (CT or CC) were at increased risk for grade 3/4 leucopenia compared to TT homozygotes (p=0.01, Chi square test). Conclusions: The preliminary analysis of this prospective pharmacogenetic study suggested that the UGT2B7 -161 C/T SNP predicts for grade 3/4 leucopenia in women treated with FEC100. Studies of this UGT2B7 polymorphism as a predictor of epirubicin toxicity and efficacy are warranted. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Pfizer Pfizer Pfizer
Abstract 20162: Baseline and Cumulative Radiation Dose for Intermediate-Risk Individuals Undergoing Coronary Computed Tomography (CCTA) versus Myocardial Perfusion Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (MPS): A Prospective Multicenter Randomized Trial
Authors: Sunaina Koduru, Fay Y Lin, Allison Dunning, Troy M LaBounty, Jason H Cole, Dawn Greenwell, Jerome Hines, Gayle Fanning, Jin-Ho Choi, Leslee J Shaw, Daniel S Berman, James K Min
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) and myocardial perfusion SPECT (MPS) are commonly used tests for individuals with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD), yet both CCTA...
Abstract MP007: Epicardial Fat Thickness: Distribution of and Associations With Cardiovascular Risk Factors in the Framingham Heart Study
Authors: Michael L Chuang, Philimon Gona, Noriko Oyama-Manabe, Carol J Salton, Udo Hoffmann, Warren J Manning, Christopher J O'Donnell, Caroline S Fox
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Introduction: High pericardial fat volume (fatVOL) is associated with excess cardiovascular disease (CVD), but analyses for true fat volume can be time-consuming and require specialized software. Linear epicardial fat thickness (fatTHK) can be measured quickly from cardiac magnetic resonance (MRI) images and may serve as a surrogate for fatVOL. We sought to determine the distribution and CVD risk factor correlates of high fatTHK and to compare fatTHK with fatVOL in a community-dwelling adult cohort. Methods: Participants were drawn from the Framingham Heart Study Offspring cohort (N=995, aged 65±9 years, 54% women) and underwent cardiac MRI (SSFP sequence) and multidetector CT during 2002-2005. Clinical and risk factor covariates were obtained at the preceding cycle 7 examination (1998-2001). FatVOL was determined from volumetric MDCT data. FatTHK was measured from the MRI 4-chamber view over the midlevel right ventricular free wall at end-diastole. A healthy referent subsample (N=328), free of major CVD risk factors, was used to determine sex-specific cut points for high fatTHK. Odds ratios for high (&gt;90th percentile) fatVOL and fatTHK versus common CVD risk factors were determined. Results: FatTHK was greater in men than women and increased with age in both sexes. FatTHK correlated with fatVOL at r=0.45 (p less than 0.001) High fatTHK was &gt;=16.0 mm in men and &gt;=13.3 mm in women, with 20.1% prevalence in men and 18.1 % in women. In both sexes, high fatVOL was associated ( Table ) with obesity, metabolic syndrome, dysglycemia, hypertension, prevalent CVD and hypertriglyceridemia. Similar associations, with slightly lower odds ratios, were seen for fatTHK. Conclusions: Greater fatTHK is associated with an excess burden of multiple CVD risk factors. Although correlation between linear fatTHK and true fatVOL was relatively modest, both measures appear to have similar associations with common CVD risk factors. FatTHK may be advantageous in that it can be determined quickly using standard MRI sequences for ventricular function. Table. Odds Ratios for High Pericardial Fat vs. Common CVD Risk Factors fatVOL: Men fatVOL: Women fatTHK: Men fatTHK: Women Obesity, BMI &gt;=30 kg/m2 4.34 (2.78–6.78) 3.13 (2.03–4.82) 2.52 (1.77–3.60) 2.62 (1.84–3.74) Metabolic Syndrome 3.72 (2.38–5.83) 2.60 (1.65–4.08) 2.59 (1.75–3.84) 2.21 (1.53–3.17) Dysglycemia, FPG &gt;=100 mg/dL 2.64 (1.72–4.06) 3.05 (1.98–4.68) 1.75 (1.22–2.50) 1.56 (1.10–2.23) Hypertension, S&gt;=140 or D&gt;=90 mmHg 2.51 (1.66–3.78) 1.96 (1.30–2.97) 2.10 (1.48–2.98) 1.58 (1.13–2.22) Prevalent CVD 1.94 (1.17–3.21) 2.48 (1.41–4.38) 1.73 (1.17–2.55) 1.83 (1.19–2.81) Triglycerides &gt;=150 mg/dL 1.89 (1.25–2.86) 2.21 (1.43–3.42) 1.64 (1.15–2.34) 1.98 (1.38–2.82) Low HDL: M&lt;40, W&lt;50 mg/dL 1.57 (1.03–2.38) 1.44 (0.91–2.28) 1.40 (0.98–1.99) 2.57 (1.80–3.67)