tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Limitations in Gauging the Effects of Allocation Policy Changes on Liver Transplant—Reply
Authors: Maria Bernadette Majella Doyle, Ola Ahmed, Susan L. Orloff
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2024)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast JAMA+ AI Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
HBCUs Are an Undervalued Resource for Addressing the US Physician Shortage
Authors: Mytien Nguyen, Erica H. Sutton, Hyacinth R. C. Mason
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

Jasmine Weiss, MD, MHS; Max Jordan Nguementi Tiako, MD, MS; Ngozi D. Akingbesote, BS; Danya Keene, PhD; Lilanthi Balasuriya, MD; Mona Sharifi, MD, MPH; Inginia Genao, MD; Darin Latimore, MD
Long-Term Trajectories of Postoperative Recovery in Younger and Older Veterans
Authors: Michael A. Jacobs, Carly A. Jacobs, Orna Intrator, Rajesh Makineni, Ada Youk, Monique Y. Boudreaux-Kelly, Jennifer L. McCoy, Bruce Kinosian, Paula K. Shireman, Daniel E. Hall
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2024)

Major surgery sometimes involves long recovery or even permanent institutionalization. Little is known about long-term trajectories of postoperative recovery, as surgical registries are limited to 30-day outcomes and care can occur across various institutions.
Perspectives on Medical School Admission for Black Students Among Premedical Advisers at Historically Black Colleges and Universities
Authors: Jasmine Weiss, Max Jordan Nguementi Tiako, Ngozi D. Akingbesote, Danya Keene, Lilanthi Balasuriya, Mona Sharifi, Inginia Genao, Darin Latimore
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

Importance There remains a lack of representation of Black physicians in the physician workforce despite decades of national efforts to increase diversity. Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) contribute to increasing representation in the workforce in the US. There is limited literature exploring the experiences of HBCU premedical students navigating the journey to medical school. Objective To examine barriers to and facilitators of medical school matriculation among Black students by exploring the perspectives of premedical student advisers at HBCUs. Design, Setting, and Participants In this qualitative study, HBCU advisers participated in a focus group in October 2019 or in semistructured interviews from January 2020 to March 2021. Using purposive sampling, premedical student advisers were recruited from different educational backgrounds and geographic locations and conducted 1-on-1 interviews. Data analysis was performed from March 2021 to March 2022. Main Outcomes and Measures The main outcome was the experiences of HBCU premedical students navigating to medical school from the perspective of premedical advisers. An inductive approach to generate codes from the interviews and the focus groups was applied by reviewing transcripts and noting concepts and themes associated with advising strategies and student experiences. Results Among the 26 participants, 18 (69.2%) were female, 13 (50.0%) had a doctorate degree, and 8 (30.8%) had more than 10 years of experience as advisers. Participants described 3 major themes: (1) the complex institutional relationship dynamics between undergraduate HBCUs and medical schools, (2) concerns about preferential treatment for students from predominantly white undergraduate schools when accessing clinical shadowing opportunities, and (3) the “it takes a village mindset” emphasizing family and peer involvement. Conclusions and Relevance In this qualitative study, barriers to medical school matriculation included concerns for the preferential treatment of students from predominantly white institutions when engaging with medical schools and a lack of access to clinical opportunities for HBCU students. The findings suggest that medical schools should continue to build collaborative partnerships with HBCUs to ensure equitable access to opportunities that prepare students for medical school.
Precision Medicine to Guide Blood Pressure Control?
Authors: Sadiya S. Khan
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2024)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Cardiology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast JAMA+ AI Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Cardiology journal
GLP-1 Receptor Agonist and SGLT2 Inhibitor Prescribing in People With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Piaopiao Li, Zhiyan Li, Elizabeth Staton, Guillermo E. Umpierrez, Georgia Davis, Hui Shao, Francisco J. Pasquel
Journal: JAMA (2024)

This pooled cross-sectional study explores prescribing rates for glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors among US patients with type 1 diabetes.
Procoagulant platelet activation promotes venous thrombosis.
Authors: Rainer Kaiser, Robin Dewender, Maité Mulkers, Julia Stermann, Dario Rossaro, Lea Di Fina, Lukas Li, Christoph Gold, Michael Schmid, Lily Kääb, Luke Eivers, Sezer Akgöl, Keyang Yue, Lisa Maria Kammerer, Quentin Loew, Afra Anjum, Raphael Escaig, Anastassia Akhalkatsi, Lisa Sophia Laun, Jan Kranich, Thomas Brocker, Tonina T Mueller, Angelina Kraechan, Jonas Gmeiner, Kami Pekayvaz, Manuela Thienel, Steffen Massberg, Konstantin Stark, Badr Kilani, Leo Nicolai
Journal: Blood (2024)

Platelets are key players in cardiovascular disease and platelet aggregation represents a central pharmacological target, particularly in secondary prevention. However, inhibition of adenosine diphosphate and thromboxane signaling has low efficacy in preventing venous thromboembolism, necessitating the inhibition of the plasmatic coagulation cascade in this disease. Anticoagulation carries a significantly higher risk of bleeding complications, highlighting the need of alternative therapeutic approaches. We hypothesized that procoagulant activation (PA) of platelets promotes venous thrombus formation and that targeting PA could alleviate venous thrombosis. Here, we found elevated levels of procoagulant platelets in the circulation of patients with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism, and in mice developing DVT following inferior vena cava stenosis. Further, we detected procoagulant activation of recruited platelets within murine and human venous thrombi. Mice with platelet-specific deficiency in central pathways of procoagulant activation - cyclophilin D and transmembrane protein 16F - were more resistant towards low flow-induced venous thrombosis. Finally, we found that a clinically approved carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, methazolamide, reduced platelet procoagulant activity and alleviated murine thrombus formation without affecting trauma-associated hemostasis. These findings identify an essential role of platelet procoagulant function in venous thrombosis and delineate novel pharmacological strategies targeting platelets in preventing venous thromboembolism.
Predictive value of tumor microenvironment on pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas
Authors: Jean Philippe Guegan, Nathan El Ghazzi, Julien Vibert, Christophe Rey, Lucile Vanhersecke, Jean Michel Coindre, Maud Toulmonde, Mariella Spalato Ceruso, Florent Peyraud, Alban Bessede, Antoine Italiano
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2024)

Abstract Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas (UPS) represent a prevalent and aggressive subtype of soft tissue sarcomas (STS) in adults. Despite advancements in loco regional treatments, many patients with high grade STS, including UPS, develop metastatic disease. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is a standard approach to mitigate this risk, but response variability necessitates refined patient selection strategies. This study investigated the correlation between UPS microenvironment and neoadjuvant chemotherapy response in resectable UPS. The NEOSARCOMICS study (NCT02789384) enrolled patients with resectable STS from six sarcoma centers in France. Patients received anthracycline based chemotherapy, followed by surgery. Histological response, gene expression profiling, and multiplex immunohistofluorescence were performed on baseline and post treatment tumor samples. Plasma proteomics was analyzed to identify biomarkers. Good responders to neoadjuvant chemotherapy showed enrichment in genes related to stemness and cell cycle regulation, while poor responders exhibited immune related gene enrichment. Proteomic profiling revealed immune pathway activation and downregulation of cell cycle pathways in non responders. Despite being associated with a good prognosis, high immune infiltration, particularly of CD8 + T cells and CD20 + B cells, predicts a poor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in UPS, suggesting the need for alternative therapeutic strategies for patients with inflamed UPS.Ongoing clinical trials are exploring the efficacy of combining chemotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors to improve outcomes.
Bispecific antibodies as bridging to BCMA CAR-T cell therapy for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma
Authors: David Fandrei, Sabine Seiffert, Michael Rade, Susanne Rieprecht, Nico Gagelmann, Patrick Born, Thomas Wiemers, Heike Weidner, Markus Kreuz, Tamara Schassberger, Jannik Kossmann, Marlene Mangold, Daniel Furst, Luise Fischer, Ronny Baber, Simone Heyn, Song Yau Wang, Enrica Bach, Sandra Hoffmann, Klaus H. Metzeler, Marco Herlling, Madlen Jentzsch, Georg-Nikolaus Franke, Ulrike Kohl, Maik Friedrich, Andreas Boldt, Kristin Reiche, Uwe Platzbecker, Vladan Vucinic, Maximilian Merz
Journal: Blood Cancer Discovery (2024)

Abstract Establishing a strategy for sequencing of T cell redirecting therapies for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) is a pressing clinical need. We longitudinally tracked the clinical and immunological impact of bispecific T cell engaging antibodies (BsAb) as bridging therapy (BT) to subsequent BCMA-directed CAR-T cell therapies in 52 RRMM patients. BsAbs were a potent and safe option for BT, achieving the highest overall response rate (100%) to BT compared to chemotherapy, anti-CD38 or anti-SLAMF7 antibody based regimens (46%). We observed early CD4+CAR+ and delayed CD8+CAR+ T cell expansion in patients receiving BsAb as BT. In vitro cytotoxicity of CAR-T cells was comparable amongst BT options. Single-cell analyses revealed increased clonality in the CD4+ and CD8+ T cell compartments in patients with previous exposure to BsAbs at leukapheresis and on day 30 after CAR-T infusion. This study demonstrates the feasibility and efficacy of BT with BsAbs for CAR-T cell therapy in RRMM.
Morphine-induced intestinal microbial dysbiosis drives TLR-dependent IgA targeting of gram-positive bacteria and upregulation of CD11b and TLR2 on a sub-population of IgA <sup>+</sup> B cells
Authors: Nicolas Vitari, Salma Singh, Junyi Tao, Bridget Truitt, Udhghatri Kolli, Richa Jalodia, Kathryn M LaPorte, Yaa Abu, Danielle Antoine, Umakant Sharma, Sabita Roy
Journal: Gut Microbes (2024)

IgA binding dictates the composition of the intestinal microbiome and reflects dysbiotic states during chronic disease. Both pathogenic and commensal bacteria differentially bind to IgA with varying outcomes. Little is known regarding IgA dynamics immediately following microbial dysbiosis. Recent work shows that morphine treatment rapidly induces microbial dysbiosis within hours of administration. This microbial shift is characterized by the expansion of pathogenic bacteria with a concurrent decrease in commensal bacteria. Because of this rapid microbial shift, a murine model of chronic morphine treatment was used to gain insight on the host IgA response during early microbial disruption. Within 24 h, morphine treatment induces microbial dysbiosis which disrupts IgA-bacterial homeostasis, resulting in an increased concentration of unbound IgA with a corresponding decrease in the frequency of IgA-bound bacteria. Additionally, the increased concentration of unbound IgA is dependent on the microbiome, as microbial depletion abolishes the increase. At 48 h of morphine treatment, the frequency of IgA-bound bacteria increases and IgA-seq reveals increased IgA targeting of gram-positive bacteria. Both a whole-body TLR2 KO and treatment with the TLR inhibitor OxPAPC resulted in abrogation of IgA binding to bacteria, implicating modulation of IgA binding through TLR signaling. Finally, we identify that a sub-population of IgA
Peer-Driven Intervention for Care Coordination and Adherence Promotion for Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Randomized, Parallel-Group Clinical Trial
Authors: Sairam Parthasarathy, Christopher Wendel, Michael A. Grandner, Patricia L. Haynes, Stefano Guerra, Daniel Combs, Stuart F. Quan
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2024)

Rationale: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common condition that is usually treated by continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy, but poor adherence is common and is associated with worse patient outcomes and experiences. Patient satisfaction is increasingly adopted as a quality indicator by healthcare systems. Objectives: We tested the hypothesis that peer-driven intervention effected through an interactive voice response (IVR) system leads to better patient satisfaction (primary outcome), care coordination, and CPAP adherence than active control. Methods: We performed a 6-month randomized, parallel-group, controlled trial with CPAP-naive patients recruited from four centers and CPAP-adherent patients who were trained to be mentors delivering support through an IVR system. Measurements and Main Results: In 263 patients, intention-to-treat analysis of global satisfaction for sleep-specific services was better in the intervention group (4.57 ± 0.71 Likert scale score; mean ± SD) than in the active-control group (4.10 ± 1.13; P < 0.001). CPAP adherence was greater in the intervention group (4.5 ± 0.2 h/night; 62.0% ± 3.0% of nights >4 h use) versus the active-control group (3.7 ± 0.2 h/night; 51.4% ± 3.0% of nights >4 h use; P = 0.014 and P = 0.023). When compared with the active-control group, the Patient Assessment of Chronic Illness Care rating was moderately increased by an adjusted difference of 0.33 ± 0.12 (P = 0.009), Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Provider and Systems rating was not different (adjusted difference, 0.46 ± 0.26; P = 0.076), and Client Perception of Coordination Questionnaire was mildly better in the intervention group (adjusted difference, 0.15 ± 0.07; P = 0.035). Conclusions: Patient satisfaction with care delivery, CPAP adherence, and care coordination were improved by peer-driven intervention through an IVR system. New payor policies compensating peer support may enable implementation of this approach. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02056002).
A new nano approach to prevent tumor growth in the local treatment of glioblastoma: temozolomide and rutin-loaded hybrid layered composite nanofiber
Authors: Melis Ercelik, Cagla Tekin, Melisa Gurbuz, Yagmur Tuncbilekli, Hazal Yılmaz Dogan, Busra Mutlu, Pınar Eser, Gulcin Tezcan, Fatma Nur Parın, Kenan Yildirim, Mehmet Sarihan, Gurler Akpinar, Murat Kasap, Ahmet Bekar, Hasan Kocaeli, Mevlut Ozgur Taskapilioglu, Secil Ak Aksoy, Rıfat Ozpar, Bahattin Hakyemez, Berrin Tunca
Journal: Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2024)

Total resection of glioblastoma (GB) tumors is nearly impossible, and systemic administration of temozolomide (TMZ) is often inadequate. This study presents a hybrid layered composite nanofiber mesh (LHN) designed for localized treatment in GB tumor bed. The LHN, consisting of polyvinyl alcohol and core-shell polylactic acid layers, was loaded with TMZ and rutin.
Clinical Implications of Pretest Probability of HFpEF on Outcomes in Precapillary Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Yogesh N V Reddy, Robert P Frantz, Paul M Hassoun, Anna R Hemnes, Evelyn Horn, Jane A Leopold, Franz Rischard, Erika B Rosenzweig, Nicholas S Hill, Serpil C Erzurum, Gerald J Beck, J Emanuel Finet, Christine L Jellis, Stephen C Mathai, W H Wilson Tang, Barry A Borlaug
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2024)
Increasing prevalence of galactose‐α‐1,3‐galactose sensitization in the Danish general adult population
Authors: Katja Biering Leth‐Møller, Marianne van Hage, Danijela Apostolovic, Jennifer Astrup Sørensen, Christian Vestergaard, Flemming Madsen, Lene Jung Kjær, Torben Hansen, Anna Jonsson, Simon Francis Thomsen, Allan Linneberg
Journal: Allergy (2024)

Abstract Background Alpha‐gal syndrome is a novel food allergy to the oligosaccharide galactose‐α‐1,3‐galactose (alpha‐gal) present in mammalian meat. Tick bites are considered an important route of sensitization to alpha‐gal. Data on alpha‐gal sensitization in the general population is scant. We utilized a unique data source of repeated population‐based health examination studies to assess prevalence, time trends, risk factors, and characteristics of alpha‐gal sensitization. Methods Alpha‐gal sensitization was assessed in &gt;11.000 adults from four health examination studies of randomly invited residents in the Copenhagen region conducted in 1990–1991, 2011–2012, 2012–2015, and 2016–2017. Alpha‐gal sensitization was defined as serum specific IgE (sIgE) to alpha‐gal ≥0.1 kU A /L; ≥0.35 kU A /L; ≥0.7 kU A /L; ≥3.5 kU A /L. The population was characterized according to genetically determined ABO blood group, aeroallergen sensitization, and pets at home. Results The prevalence of sIgE to alpha‐gal ≥0.1 kUA/L was 1.3% in 1990–1991, 3.7% in 2012–2015 and 3.2% in 2016–2017. Of those sensitized to alpha‐gal &gt;97% reported to consume red meat at least once a week, even for sIgE to alpha‐gal ≥3.5 kU A /L. Male sex, older age, aeroallergen sensitization, cat at home, and blood group A were associated with increased odds of alpha‐gal sensitization. The known protective effect of blood group B was confirmed. Conclusion In this general adult population, the prevalence of alpha‐gal sensitization had doubled from 1990–1991 to 2016–2017. This could potentially be due to increased tick exposure and an increased atopic predisposition.
Air pollution is associated with persistent peanut allergy in the first 10 years
Authors: Diego J Lopez, Caroline J Lodge, Dinh S Bui, Nilakshi T Waidyatillake, John C Su, Luke D Knibbs, Rushani Wijesuriya, Kirsten P Perrett, Jennifer J Koplin, Victoria X Soriano, Kate Lycett, Yichao Wang, Katie Allen, Suzanne Mavoa, Shyamali C Dharmage, Adrian J Lowe, Rachel L Peters
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2024)
Embryological Classification of Arrhythmogenic Triggers Initiating Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Takashi Ikenouchi, Junichi Nitta, Osamu Inaba, Miho Negishi, Miki Amemiya, Toshikazu Kono, Tasuku Yamamoto, Kazuya Murata, Iwanari Kawamura, Kentaro Goto, Takuro Nishimura, Tomomasa Takamiya, Yukihiro Inamura, Kensuke Ihara, Susumu Tao, Akira Sato, Masateru Takigawa, Yusuke Ebana, Shinsuke Miyazaki, Tetsuo Sasano, Tetsushi Furukawa
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2024)
Primary Immunodeficiency in ICU: A Retrospective Multicentric Study
Authors: Lucile Duvaltier, Nizar Joher, Laurent Argaud, Antoine Guillon, Muriel Picard, Emmanuel Canet, Frédéric Pène, Anne-Fleur Haudebourg, Lucie Biard, Lara Zafrani
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2024)
18F-FDG PET/CT Findings of Isolated Renal Metastasis From Squamous Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Jun Yu, Yang Li, Xue Yang, Dongdong Ren, Cong Chen
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

We present the 18F-FDG PET/CT findings of a 64-year-old man with isolated renal metastasis. He had a history of radical surgery for squamous cell lung cancer 14 months ago, followed by chemotherapy and immunotherapy. The renal metastasis presented as a small focus of increased FDG uptake in the restaging 18F-FDG PET/CT scan, which was regarded as renal cortical tracer retention. The renal metastasis was more prominent on the second PET/CT performed 5 months later. The patient subsequently underwent radical nephrectomy, and histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of renal squamous cell carcinoma metastasis.