tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Snow sports-specific extension of the IOC consensus statement: methods for recording and reporting epidemiological data on injury and illness in sports
Authors: Jörg Spörri, Kerry McGawley, Marine Alhammoud, Roald Bahr, Caitlin Dios, Lars Engebretsen, Matthias Gilgien, Vincent Gouttebarge, Helen Hanstock, Lars Haugvad, Hubert Hörterer, Tom Kastner, Gerald Mitterbauer, Margo Mountjoy, Kathrin Wagner, Dionne A Noordhof, Gerhard Ruedl, Johannes Scherr, Wolfgang Schobersberger, Torbjørn Soligard, Lisa Steidl-Müller, Oleane Marthea Rebne Stenseth, Astrid Uhrenholdt Jacobsen, Maarit Valtonen, Maria Westin, Benjamin Clarsen, Evert Verhagen
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2024)

The International Olympic Committee's (IOC) consensus statement on 'methods for recording and reporting of epidemiological data on injury and illness in sport' recommended standardising methods to advance data collection and reporting consistency. However, additional aspects need to be considered when these methods are applied to specific sports settings. Therefore, we have developed a snow sports-specific extension of the IOC statement to promote the harmonisation of injury and illness registration methods among athletes of all levels and categories in the different disciplines governed by the International Ski and Snowboard Federation (FIS), which is also applicable to other related snow sports such as biathlon, ski mountaineering, and to some extent, para snow sports. The panel was selected with the aim of representing as many different areas of expertise/backgrounds, perspectives and diversity as possible, and all members were assigned to thematic subgroups based on their profiles. After panel formation, all members were provided with an initial draft of this extension, which was used as a basis for discussion of aspects specific to the discipline, application context, level and sex within their snow sports subgroup topic. The outcomes were then aligned with the IOC's existing consensus recommendations and incorporated into a preliminary manuscript draft. The final version of this snow sports-specific extension was developed and approved in two iterative rounds of manuscript revisions by all consensus panel members and a final meeting to clarify open discussion points. This snow sports-specific extension of the IOC statement is intended to guide researchers, international and national sports governing bodies, and other entities recording and reporting epidemiological data in snow sports to help standardise data from different sources for comparison and future research.
Antibiotic‐associated neutropenia is marked by the depletion of intestinal <i>Lachnospiraceae</i> and associated metabolites in pediatric patients
Authors: Josaura Fernandez‐Sanchez, Rachel Rodgers, Arushana A. Maknojia, Nusrat Shaikh, Hannah Yan, Marlyd E. Mejia, Hope Hendricks, Robert R. Jenq, Pavan Reddy, Ritu Banerjee, Jeremy M. Schraw, Megan T. Baldridge, Katherine Y. King
Journal: HemaSphere (2024)

Prolonged antibiotic exposure causes dangerous hematologic side effects, including neutropenia, in up to 34% of patients. Murine studies established a link between the intestinal microbiota and hematopoiesis. To identify factors that predispose to neutropenia in pediatric patients, we evaluated changes in microbiota-derived metabolites and intestinal microbiota composition after prolonged courses of antibiotics. In this multi-center study, patients with infections requiring anticipated antibiotic treatment of two or more weeks were enrolled. Stool samples were obtained at the start and completion of antibiotics or at neutropenia onset (prospective arm). Some patients were enrolled in a retrospective arm in which a stool sample was collected at the time of neutropenia during antibiotic therapy and 2-4 weeks after completion of antibiotics with recovery of blood counts. We identified 10 patients who developed neutropenia on antibiotics and 29 controls matched for age, sex, race, and ethnicity. Clinical data demonstrated no association between neutropenia and the type of infection or antibiotic used; however, patients with neutropenia were admitted to the intensive care unit more often and received longer courses of antibiotics. Reduced intestinal microbiome richness and, specifically, decreased abundance of
Etiologies and Comorbidities of Meningitis Deaths in Children Under 5 Years in High-Mortality Settings: Insights from the CHAMPS Network in the Post-Pneumococcal Vaccine Era
Authors: Sana Mahtab, Zachary J Madewell, Vicky Baillie, Ziyaad Dangor, Sanjay G Lala, Nega Assefa, Mulu Berihun, Lola Madrid, Lemma Demissie Regassa, J Anthony G Scott, Soter Ameh, Joseph S Bangura, Okokon Ita, Erick Kaluma, Ikechukwu Udo Ogbuanu, Brigitte Gaume, Karen L Kotloff, Samba O Sow, Milagritos D Tapia, Sara Ajanovic, Marcelino Garrine, Inacio Mandomando, Rosauro Varo, Elisio G Xerinda, Muntasir Alam, Shams El Arifeen, Emily S Gurley, Mohammad Zahid Hossain, Afruna Rahman, Victor Akelo, Kitiezo Aggrey Igunza, Clayton Onyango, Dickens Onyango, Jennifer R Verani, Portia Mutevedzi, Cynthia G Whitney, Dianna M Blau, Shabir A Madhi, Quique Bassat
Journal: Journal of Infection (2024)
Pulmonary Delivery of Dual-Targeted Nanoparticles Improves Tumor Accumulation and Cancer Cell Targeting by Restricting Macrophage Interception in Orthotopic Lung Tumors
Authors: Di Ge, Siqi Ma, Tingting Sun, Yunfei Li, Jiaxing Wei, Chenao Wang, Xiaoyuan Chen, Yonghong Liao
Journal: Biomaterials (2024)
Lupus Nephritis: Redefining the treatment goals
Authors: An S. De Vriese, Sanjeev Sethi, Fernando C. Fervenza
Journal: Kidney International (2024)

The course of proliferative lupus nephritis is characterized by flares of activity alternating with periods of quiescence against a background of chronic immune dysregulation. An accurate assessment of disease activity is of unassailable importance to tailor therapy. In the present communication, we discuss the available clinical, serologic, and histologic tools to evaluate disease activity and how they may be applied to redefine the treatment goals in lupus nephritis. Traditionally, treatment response is judged by the degree of proteinuria reduction and improvement of kidney function, but this fails to differentiate ongoing inflammatory disease from chronic damage. Despite intensive research, no novel biomarker has proved useful for clinical practice, and we continue to rely on anti-double-stranded DNA antibody levels to assess serologic activity. Repeat kidney biopsies sometimes reveal persistent inflammation despite apparent clinical remission, giving credibility to the conviction that histologic remission should be a treatment goal and protocol biopsies be part of the decision-making process. However, the discrepancies between clinical and histologic responses to therapy can be explained by persistent systemic autoimmunity with low-grade immune complex deposition or, alternatively, by delayed clearance of intrarenal inflammation once immunologic remission has been achieved. Because persistent immune dysregulation is the motor of disease activity in lupus nephritis, it should be the principal focus of therapy and monitoring. We propose to replace the traditional induction-remission maintenance protocol by a more dynamic and individualized approach and aim for 3 treatment goals, concomitantly rather than sequentially: (i) clinical remission, by attenuating renal inflammation, using microscopic hematuria, proteinuria, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and complement levels as biomarkers; (ii) immunologic remission, by decreasing immune complex generation, using anti-double-stranded DNA antibody as a biomarker; and (iii) preservation of kidney function, by curtailing chronic kidney damage, using estimated glomerular filtration rate slope as a biomarker.
Sensorable Zwitterionic Antibacterial Hydrogel for Wound Electrostimulation Therapy
Authors: Jinghua Li, Meijun Chen, Shaowen Cheng, Shegan Gao, Jingming Zhai, Dongmei Yu, Jianping Wang, Jianbo Zhang, Kaiyong Cai
Journal: Biomaterials (2024)
"Response to Sajid et al. “Response to Valerio Nardone et al.’s “Previous radiotherapy increases the efficacy of cemiplimab in the treatment of locally advanced and metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: Aretrospective analysis.”
Authors: Valerio Nardone, Alfonso Esposito, Emma D'Ippolito, Giuseppe Argenziano, Alfonso Reginelli, Teresa Troiani
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2024)
Analysis of human neutrophils from nasal polyps by single-cell RNA sequencing reveals roles of neutrophils in chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Naruhito Iwasaki, Julie A. Poposki, Masanori Kidoguchi, Aiko Oka, Aiko I. Klingler, Whitney W. Stevens, Lydia A. Suh, Junqin Bai, Anju T. Peters, Leslie C. Grammer, Kevin C. Welch, Stephanie S. Smith, David B. Conley, Bruce S. Bochner, Robert P. Schleimer, Robert C. Kern, Bruce K. Tan, Atsushi Kato
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2024)
Biodegradable stimulating electrodes for resident neural stem cell activation in vivo
Authors: Tianhao Chen, Kylie Sin Ki Lau, Aryan Singh, Yi Xin Zhang, Sara Mohseni Taromsari, Meysam Salari, Hani E Naguib, Cindi M Morshead
Journal: Biomaterials (2024)

Brain stimulation has been recognized as a clinically effective strategy for treating neurological disorders. Endogenous brain neural precursor cells (NPCs) have been shown to be electrosensitive cells that respond to electrical stimulation by expanding in number, undergoing directed cathodal migration, and differentiating into neural phenotypes in vivo, supporting the application of electrical stimulation to promote neural repair. In this study, we present the design of a flexible and biodegradable brain stimulation electrode for temporally regulated neuromodulation of NPCs. Leveraging the cathodally skewed electrochemical window of molybdenum and the volumetric charge transfer properties of conductive polymer, we engineered the electrodes with high charge injection capacity for the delivery of biphasic monopolar stimulation. We demonstrate that the electrodes are biocompatible and can deliver an electric field sufficient for NPC activation for 7 days post implantation before undergoing resorption in physiological conditions, thereby eliminating the need for surgical extraction. The biodegradable electrode demonstrated its potential to be used for NPC-based neural repair strategies.
The potential therapeutic strategy in combating neurodegenerative diseases: Focusing on natural products
Authors: Li Gao, Xi-Na Yang, Yi-Xiao Dong, Yi-Jia Han, Xin-Yue Zhang, Xin-Le Zhou, Ying Liu, Fang Liu, Jian-Song Fang, Jian-Long Ji, Zheng-Run Gao, Xue-Mei Qin
Journal: Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2024)
Artificial intelligence assisted operative anatomy recognition in endoscopic pituitary surgery
Authors: Danyal Z. Khan, Alexandra Valetopoulou, Adrito Das, John G. Hanrahan, Simon C. Williams, Sophia Bano, Anouk Borg, Neil L. Dorward, Santiago Barbarisi, Lucy Culshaw, Karen Kerr, Imanol Luengo, Danail Stoyanov, Hani J. Marcus
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2024)

Pituitary tumours are surrounded by critical neurovascular structures and identification of these intra-operatively can be challenging. We have previously developed an AI model capable of sellar anatomy segmentation. This study aims to apply this model, and explore the impact of AI-assistance on clinician anatomy recognition. Participants were tasked with labelling the sella on six images, initially without assistance, then augmented by AI. Mean DICE scores and the proportion of annotations encompassing the centroid of the sella were calculated. Six medical students, six junior trainees, six intermediate trainees and six experts were recruited. There was an overall improvement in sella recognition from a DICE of score 70.7% without AI assistance to 77.5% with AI assistance (+6.7; p < 0.001). Medical students used and benefitted from AI assistance the most, improving from a DICE score of 66.2% to 78.9% (+12.8; p = 0.02). This technology has the potential to augment surgical education and eventually be used as an intra-operative decision support tool.
The Menstrual Health Equity Initiative — Access to Menstrual Products for People Experiencing Homelessness
Authors: Sarah Revak, Karen Cuttin, Bianca Nfonoyim Bernhard, Shelby H Davies
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2024)

Adolescents experiencing homelessness are particularly susceptible to period poverty (the inability to consistently access menstrual hygiene products), which negatively affects their education.
Extensive Tinea Corporis and Tinea Cruris from <i>Trichophyton indotineae</i>
Authors: Ziyang Xu, Avrom S Caplan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2024)

A 30-year-old man who had recently traveled internationally presented with a 6-month history of itchy, scaly plaques that had worsened despite treatment with antifungal and glucocorticoid creams.
Engineered manganese-BODIPY coordinated nanoadjuvants for enhanced NIR-II photo-metalloimmunotherapy
Authors: Yushi Zhang, Xuya Yu, Lingpeng Luo, Yigang Xu, Hanjie Zhang, Zhuo Mao, Yuqin Zhang, Cuihong Yang, Lu Wang, Pengcheng Zhang, Sitong Li, Meitong Ou, Ran Luo, Dunwan Zhu, Wen Li, Lin Mei
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2024)
RAS signaling in carcinogenesis, cancer therapy and resistance mechanisms
Authors: Xiaojuan Yang, Hong Wu
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2024)

Variants in the RAS family (HRAS, NRAS and KRAS) are among the most common mutations found in cancer. About 19% patients with cancer harbor RAS mutations, which are typically associated with poor clinical outcomes. Over the past four decades, KRAS has long been considered an undruggable target due to the absence of suitable small-molecule binding sites within its mutant isoforms. However, recent advancements in drug design have made RAS-targeting therapies viable, particularly with the approval of direct KRAS
Lipidation-dimerization platform unlocks treatment potential of fibroblast growth factor 21 for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
Authors: Yapeng Wang, Lei Shen, Chengcheng Wang, Yuanzhen Dong, Haoju Hua, Jun Xu, Ying Zhang, Hao Huang, Zongqing Huang, Fei Zhao, Zhiru Xu, Yunliang Qiu, Jianguang Lu, Dianwen Ju, Jun Feng
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2024)
Depletion of conventional CD4<sup>+</sup>T cells is required for robust priming and dissemination of tumor antigen-specific CD8<sup>+</sup>T cells in the setting of anti-CD4 therapy
Authors: Delaney E Ramirez, Christo P C Dragnev, Tyler G Searles, Nathaniel Spicer, Tiffany Chen, J Louise Lines, Aaron R Hawkes, Wilson L Davis, Asmaa Mohamed, Keisuke Shirai, Joseph D Phillips, Pamela C Rosato, Yina H Huang, Mary Jo Turk
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2024)

Overcoming immune suppression is a major barrier to eliciting potent CD8
Magnitude of antigen-specific T-cell immunity the month after completing vaccination series predicts the development of long-term persistence of antitumor immune response
Authors: John B Liao, James Y Dai, Jessica L Reichow, Jong-Baeck Lim, Katie M Hitchcock-Bernhardt, Sasha E Stanton, Lupe G Salazar, Theodore A Gooley, Mary L Disis
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2024)

For best efficacy, vaccines must provide long-lasting immunity. To measure longevity, memory from B and T cells are surrogate endpoints for vaccine efficacy. When antibodies are insufficient for protection, the immune response must rely on T cells. The magnitude and differentiation of effective, durable immune responses depend on antigen-specific precursor frequencies. However, development of vaccines that induce durable T-cell responses for cancer treatment has remained elusive.
Disabling Pansclerotic Morphea: A century of discovery
Authors: Vivian K Hua, Johanna Chang, Ronald M Laxer, Lori Broderick
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2024)

Disabling pansclerotic morphea (DPM) is a rare systemic inflammatory disorder at the severe end of the localized scleroderma spectrum which primarily affects children under 14 years of age. The disease is characterized by rapid sclerosis with circumferential involvement that frequently extends to the fascia, muscle, and bone. Disease progression often involves development of sclerotic plaques, chronic skin ulcers, and painful joint contractures leading to patient immobility with a high mortality rate. Internal organ fibrosis is typically absent. The aggressive and systemic nature of the disease leads patients to seek multidisciplinary care where current therapies are targeted towards immunomodulation and measures to preserve mobility while limiting infection, but often have limited efficacy. Here, we summarize all DPM patients in the English literature, common clinical symptoms, laboratory investigations, and treatments reported to date. Assessment of published cases suggest that the number of therapies does not influence disease outcome and that female patients were younger at the time of reported death. Clinician familiarity and awareness of common DPM symptoms are important for an accurate and early diagnosis. Furthermore, knowledge of the treatments that have been reported to be effective in mitigating disease progression may be helpful in expanding the treatment options available to patients.
Neoantigen architectures define immunogenicity and drive immune evasion of tumors with heterogenous neoantigen expression
Authors: Malte Roerden, Andrea B Castro, Yufei Cui, Noora Harake, Byungji Kim, Jonathan Dye, Laura Maiorino, Forest M White, Darrell J Irvine, Kevin Litchfield, Stefani Spranger
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2024)

Intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) and subclonal antigen expression blunt antitumor immunity and are associated with poor responses to immune-checkpoint blockade immunotherapy (ICB) in patients with cancer. The underlying mechanisms however thus far remained elusive, preventing the design of novel treatment approaches for patients with high ITH tumors.
Minimally Invasive Syringe‐Injectable Hydrogel with Angiogenic Factors for Ischemic Stroke Treatment
Authors: Donggue Kim, Ji Woo Lee, Yang Tae Kim, Junhyeok Choe, Gaeun Kim, Chang Man Ha, Jae Geun Kim, Kwang Hoon Song, Sunggu Yang
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Ischemic stroke (IS) accounts for most stroke incidents and causes intractable damage to brain tissue. This condition manifests as diverse aftereffects, such as motor impairment, emotional disturbances, and dementia. However, a fundamental approach to curing IS remains unclear. This study proposes a novel approach for treating IS by employing minimally invasive and injectable jammed gelatin-norbornene nanofibrous hydrogels (GNF) infused with growth factors (GFs). The developed GNF/GF hydrogels are administered to the motor cortex of a rat IS model to evaluate their therapeutic effects on IS-induced motor dysfunction. GNFs mimic a natural fibrous extracellular matrix architecture and can be precisely injected into a targeted brain area. The syringe-injectable jammed nanofibrous hydrogel system increased angiogenesis, inflammation, and sensorimotor function in the IS-affected brain. For clinical applications, the biocompatible GNF hydrogel has the potential to efficiently load disease-specific drugs, enabling targeted therapy for treating a wide range of neurological diseases.
Ligand‐Tethered Extracellular Vesicles Mediated RNA Therapy for Liver Fibrosis
Authors: Yue Liu, Shang Chen, Haoyan Huang, Adam C. Midgley, Zhibo Han, Zhong‐Chao Han, Qiong Li, Zongjin Li
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Liver fibrosis poses a significant global health burden, in which hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) play a crucial role. Targeted nanomedicine delivery systems directed at HSCs have shown immense potential in the treatment of liver fibrosis. Herein, a bioinspired material, engineered therapeutic miR-181a-5p (a miRNA known to inhibit fibrotic signaling pathways) and targeted moiety hyaluronic acid (HA) co-functionalized extracellular vesicles (EVs) are developed. HA is incorporated onto the surface of EVs using DSPE-PEG as a linker, allowing preferential binding to CD44 receptors, which are overexpressed on activated HSCs. Our results confirmed enhanced cellular uptake and improved payload delivery, as evidenced by the increased intracellular abundance of miR-181a-5p in activated HSCs and fibrotic livers. HA-equipped EVs loaded with miR-181a-5p (DPH-EVs@miR) significantly reduce HSC activation and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition by inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway, thus alleviating the progression of liver fibrosis. Additionally, DPH-EVs@miR improves liver function, ameliorates inflammatory infiltration, and mitigates hepatocyte apoptosis, demonstrating superior hepatic protective effects. Collectively, this study reports a prospective nanovesicle therapeutic platform loaded with therapeutic miRNA and targeting motifs for liver fibrosis. The biomarker-guided EV-engineering technology utilized in this study provides a promising tool for nanomedicine and precision medicine.
Chitosan‐Modified Hydrogel Microsphere Encapsulating Zinc‐Doped Bioactive Glasses for Spinal Cord Injury Repair by Suppressing Inflammation and Promoting Angiogenesis
Authors: Xinjin Su, Changjiang Gu, Ziheng Wei, Yanqing Sun, Chao Zhu, Xiongsheng Chen
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a common nerve injury caused by external force, resulting in sensory and motor impairments. Previous studies demonstrated that inhibiting the neuroinflammation promoted SCI repair. However, these approaches are low efficient, and lack targeting specificity, and even require repeated and high doses of systemic administration. To address such issues, in the present study, chitosan-modified hydrogel microspheres encapsulating with zinc-doped bioactive glasses (CS-MG@Zn/BGs) is constructed for targeted repair of SCI. In vitro, the CS-MG@Zn/BGs effectively inhibited the acute inflammatory response initiated by microglia and promoted angiogenic activities. In vivo, CS-MG@Zn/BGs targeted the injured site, and attenuated neuroinflammation by inhibiting microglia infiltration and modulating microglia polarization toward M2 type. Furthermore, it facilitated vascular reconstruction, neuronal differentiation, axonal regeneration and remyelination at the injured site, and thereby promoted motor function recovery of SCI mice. The in vitro and in vivo results implied that CS-MG@Zn/BGs may be a promising alternative for the rehabilitation of SCI.
Bioadhesive First‐Aid Patch with Rapid Hemostasis and High Toughness Designed for Sutureless Sealing of Acute Bleeding Wounds
Authors: Ziyuan Zeng, Jiaming Zhang, Yige Gao, Yuanyuan Song, Luoming Liu, Miaomiao Zhu, Wenjing Ma, Jiajun Fu, Dongyang Miao, Chaobo Huang, Ranhua Xiong
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

The global military and civilian sectors express widespread concern over the significant hemorrhage associated with various acute wounds. Such bleedings lead to numerous casualties in military confrontations, traffic accidents, and surgical injuries. Consequently, the rapid control of the bleedings, particularly for extensive and pressurized wounds, is crucial in first-aid situations. In this work, a double-layered bioadhesive patch that combines a superabsorbent adhesive hydrogel with a highly tough antibacterial polyurethane film, which is called as Bio-Patch, is proposed. The Bio-Patch demonstrates superior mechanical strength and forms robust bioadhesion to acute bleeding wounds. Furthermore, the Bio-Patch enables protecting against external Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Thanks to the double-layered structures having synergistic functions of stable barrier and robust adhesion, the Bio-Patch provides optimal wound sealing (burst strength exceeding 310 mmHg) both in vitro and in vivo. It also demonstrates superior hemostatic effects (less than 30 s) in vivo. This offers promising opportunities for rapid control of extensive and pressurized hemorrhage in first-aid clinical scenarios.