tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Resting ventilation distribution abnormalities predict exercise impairment in mild to end-stage COPD
Authors: J. Alberto Neder, Conor O'Donnell, Julia Cory, Casey Ciavaglia, Daniel Langer, Katherine Webb, Denis O'Donnell
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Total lung capacity (TLC) is underestimated by single-breath inert gas dilution techniques compared with body plethysmography in COPD. The degree of TLC underestimation provides an index of ventilation distribution inequalities and might be related to more severe mechanical-ventilatory and gas exchange disturbances in these patients. Two-hundred and seventy-six COPD patients distributed across GOLD grades 1 to 4 and 67 healthy controls were evaluated. The “poorly-communicating fraction” (PCF) of the TLC was estimated as the ratio (%) of TLC to alveolar volume (VA) from the single-breath lung diffusing capacity measurement. Healthy subjects showed significantly lower PCF values compared to GOLD grades 1 to 4 (10 ± 3 %  vs.  17 ± 8 %  vs.  27 ±10 %  vs.  37 ± 10 %  vs.  56 ± 11 %, respectively; pl0.05). Pulmonary gas exchange impairment, mechanical ventilatory constraints and ventilation-corrected dyspnea scores gradually worsened across PCF tertiles (pl0.05). Of note, GOLD grades 1 and 2 patients with the highest PCV values had pronounced exercise ventilatory inefficiency and dyspnea as a limiting symptom. In fact, dyspnea was a significant contributor to exercise limitation across the whole sample in those with “moderate” or “extensive” PCF (pl0.05). A ROC curve analysis revealed that PCF was a better predictor of severely-reduced maximal exercise capacity than traditional pulmonary function indexes including FEV 1  (area under the curve (95% confidence interval)= 0.85 (0.81-0.89); pl0.01). In conclusion, PCF is a readily-available functional marker of gas exchange and mechanical abnormalities relevant to breathlessness and exercise intolerance across the COPD grades.
Lung-Function Trajectories Leading to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Peter Lange, Bartolome Celli, Alvar Agustí, Gorm Boje Jensen, Miguel Divo, Rosa Faner, Stefano Guerra, Jacob Louis Marott, Fernando D. Martinez, Pablo Martinez-Camblor, Paula Meek, Caroline A. Owen, Hans Petersen, Victor Pinto-Plata, Peter Schnohr, Akshay Sood, Joan B. Soriano, Yohannes Tesfaigzi, Jørgen Vestbo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is thought to result from an accelerated decline in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) over time. Yet it is possible that a normal decline in FEV1 could also lead to COPD in persons whose maximally attained FEV1 is less than population norms.We stratified participants in three independent cohorts (the Framingham Offspring Cohort, the Copenhagen City Heart Study, and the Lovelace Smokers Cohort) according to lung function (FEV1 ≥80% or <80% of the predicted value) at cohort inception (mean age of patients, approximately 40 years) and the presence or absence of COPD at the last study visit. We then determined the rate of decline in FEV1 over time among the participants according to their FEV1 at cohort inception and COPD status at study end.Among 657 persons who had an FEV1 of less than 80% of the predicted value before 40 years of age, 174 (26%) had COPD after 22 years of observation, whereas among 2207 persons who had a baseline FEV1 of at least 80% of the predicted value before 40 years of age, 158 (7%) had COPD after 22 years of observation (P<0.001). Approximately half the 332 persons with COPD at the end of the observation period had had a normal FEV1 before 40 years of age and had a rapid decline in FEV1 thereafter, with a mean (±SD) decline of 53±21 ml per year. The remaining half had had a low FEV1 in early adulthood and a subsequent mean decline in FEV1 of 27±18 ml per year (P<0.001), despite similar smoking exposure.Our study suggests that low FEV1 in early adulthood is important in the genesis of COPD and that accelerated decline in FEV1 is not an obligate feature of COPD. (Funded by an unrestricted grant from GlaxoSmithKline and others.).
Glycemic Control and Development of Retinopathy in Youth-onset Insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: David E. Goldstein, Kevin J. Blinder, Carl H. Ide, Roy J. Wilson, Hsiao-Mei Wiedmeyer, Randie R. Little, Jack D. England, Mark Eddy, John E. Hewett, Sharon K. Anderson
Journal: Ophthalmology (1993)
Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Is Feasible After Solid Organ Transplantation: A Retrospective Analysis By The Early Complications Subcommittee Of The Complications and Quality Of Life Working Party, EBMT
Authors: Grzegorz W. Basak, Wieslaw W. Jedrzejczak, Helene Schoemans, Per T. Ljungman, Guido Kobbe, Yves Beguin, Peter Lang, Karl-Walter Sykora, Liane CJ te Boome, Anja van Biezen, Steffie van der Werf, Mohamad Mohty, Theo de Witte, Judith Marsh, Peter Dreger, Nicolaus Kroeger, Rafael F. Duarte, Tapani Ruutu
Journal: Blood (2013)
Septic Jaundice
Authors: D. B. Irwin
Journal: BMJ (1952)

ConclusionsThe clinical results of ganglionectomy and of pre- ganglionic sympathetic section for Raynaud's disease are the same.The absence of unpleasant side-effects from pre- ganglionic section makes it preferable to ganglionectomy.The similarity in results of the two operations suggests that nerve regeneration is not the chief cause of relapse after sympathectomy.The possible causes of relapse are discussed.The "local fault" postulated by Lewis is thought to be important.
Autoimmune thyroiditis and panic disorder
Authors: M B Stein, T W Uhde
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1989)

Contrary to reports on depression, the prevalence of antithyroid antibodies was not significantly higher in 38 patients with panic disorder than in 38 matched control subjects. Autoimmune thyroiditis is not commonly associated with panic disorder but may play a role in some specific clinical circumstances.
Abstract 2315: Markedly Enhanced Activity of Endothelin-1 in Transplant Coronary Arteriosclerosis
Authors: Eric Larose, Dominik Behrendt, Scott Kinlay, Andrew Selwyn, Peter Ganz, James Fang
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Coronary arteriosclerosis is the principal complication limiting long-term survival after heart transplantation. In humans, the mediators responsible for vascular proliferation and vasoconstriction typical of TCA are unknown. Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potent vasoconstrictor and mitogen derived primarily from endothelial and mononuclear cells. We tested the hypothesis that ET-1’s biological activity is increased in TCA and that it may contribute to the pathogenesis and manifestations of TCA. We inhibited the ET A receptor by administering a specific antagonist BQ-123 into the coronary arteries in heart transplant recipients undergoing routine annual cardiac catheterization. We compared the coronary vasomotor responses to BQ-123 in subjects with angiographic evidence of TCA and subjects free of angiographic evidence of TCA. Methods: BQ-123 was infused into one proximal coronary artery (40nmol/min for 60min) of 18 subjects, age 18 –75, 6 +/− 4 years after transplantation. In each patient 3 coronary segments were studied in both the infused and in a non-infused control coronary artery (Total 108 segments). Changes from baseline in diameters of the infused arterial segments were compared to those of non-infused arterial segments at 15 minute intervals. Contribution of ET-1 to coronary constrictor tone was assessed by comparing vasodilation from BQ-123 infusion to dilation from intracoronary nitroglycerin (200μg bolus). Results: BQ-123 induced dilation in coronary arteries of transplanted patients (8.4% at 60 minutes, vs. −0.4% in noninfused arteries, p&lt;0.001). Dilation was greater for arteries with TCA defined as angiographic diameter stenosis ≥15% (dilation 15.2% with TCA, n=10, vs. 0.6% without TCA, n=8, p=0.004). As compared to dilation from nitroglycerin indicative of overall vascular tone, ET-1 was responsible for 53.2% of vascular tone in TCA arteries but only 12.9% in arteries without TCA. Conclusions: The endogenous biological activity of ET-1 is markedly increased in humans with TCA compared to those without evidence of TCA. This supports a role for ET-1 in the pathogenesis of TCA and suggests that therapeutic targeting of ET-1 may slow the development and manifestations of TCA in cardiac transplant recipients.
SCHILLER, THE GREATEST OF THE MEDICAL POETS
Authors: Louis H. Roddis
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1936)

Article1 March 1936SCHILLER, THE GREATEST OF THE MEDICAL POETSLOUIS H. RODDIS, F.A.C.P.LOUIS H. RODDIS, F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-9-9-1240 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptJohan Christoph Friedrich Schiller, the poet and friend of Goethe, was born November 10, 1759. November 10 was the birthday of another medical poet, Oliver Goldsmith, born 31 years before in 1728.Schiller's place of birth was the little town of Marbach in Wurtemberg, Germany, situated in a district of the Rhine valley long famous for the beauty of its scenery and the richness of its agriculture. The eminent German soldier Von Hutten, known to medical men principally for his connection with the early history of syphilis, who spoke with authority for he had travelled in all parts of the... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Medical Corps U. S. Navy*Received for publication December 2, 1935.This is the seventh of a series of portraits of medical poets. Those which have previously appeared in the ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE are: Joseph Rodman Drake, February, 1929; Oliver Wendell Holmes, June, 1930; Oliver Goldsmith, May, 1932; Wm. Savage Pitts, January, 1933; Lieutenant Colonel John McCrae, June, 1933; Dr. Richard Shuckburgh, June, 1934. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 March 1936Volume 9, Issue 9Page: 1240-1246KeywordsBirthSyphilis ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 March 1936 PDF downloadLoading ...
Multiple personality and related dissociative phenomena in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Laura Schenk, David Bear
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1981)

Many patients with temporal lobe epilepsy also experience dissociative episodes. Three patients with multiple personality exhibited alterations in speech pattern, personality, handedness, and sense of personal identity and claimed amnesia for the dissociative episodes. Another 10 patients identified alternative personalities or demons as motivators of ego-alien behavior. Of clinic patients with temporal lobe epilepsy, 33% exhibited some dissociative phenomena, which had no apparent association with individual seizures but always followed the development of the seizure disorder. The authors propose that intensified, dystonic affects, characteristic of the interictal period in temporal lobe epilepsy, may predispose some individuals to dissociative reactions.
THE EFFECT OF CALCIUM ON THE STORAGE OF COLLOID IN THE THYROID GLAND
Authors: Jacob Klein
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1934)

Article1 March 1934THE EFFECT OF CALCIUM ON THE STORAGE OF COLLOID IN THE THYROID GLANDJACOB KLEIN, M.D.JACOB KLEIN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-7-9-1080 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptFor some time iodine has been emphasized as the most important factor in thyroid function. Iodine, however, is only one factor. Calcium is another element necessary to proper thyroid function. Various aspects of the problem have been discussed by Berry,1Hellwig,2Kottman,3Abelin,4and Juanita Thompson.5As the latter has stated, both calcium and iodine exert important influences on the thyroid, the normal function of which seems to depend on a proper relation between these two elements. Calcium in limestone areas has been stressed as an important factor in the causation of goiter, through a water supply rich in this...Bibliography1. BERRY J: Goiter; its pathology, diagnosis and surgical treatment, Brit. Med. Jr., 1891, i, 1269-1273. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. HELLWIG CA: Iodine deficiency and goiter; influence of diet poor in iodine on thyroid gland in white rats, Arch. Path., 1931, xi, 709-722. Google Scholar3. KOTTMAN A: Kolloidchemische Untersuchungen über schilddrüsen Probleme, Schweiz. med. Wchnschr., 1920, l, 644. Google Scholar4. ABELIN I: Schilddrüse und Mineralstoffwechsel. Einfluss des Dinatriumphosphats und der Calciumsalze auf die Wirkung der Schilddrüsensubstanzen, Biochem. Ztschr., 1928, cxcix, 72-106. Google Scholar5. THOMPSON J: Influence of intake of calcium on thyroid gland of albino rat, Arch. Path., 1933, xvi, 211-225. Google Scholar6. KLEIN J: The calcium treatment of hyperthyroidism, Med. Jr. and Rec., 1933, cxxxviii, 427-428. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Chicago, Illinois*Received for publication December 1, 1933. From the John McCormick Institute for Infectious Diseases. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byOsteitis deformans (Paget's disease of bones) 1 March 1934Volume 7, Issue 9Page: 1080-1083KeywordsCalciumInfectious diseasesThyroid ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 March 1934 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 20666: Renin-Angiotensin System Genetic Polymorphisms Associate with Left Ventricular Remodeling and Clinical Outcome in Patients with Severe Pressure Overload Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Argyrios Ntalianis, Oana Bodea, Leen Delrue, Catalina Trana, Karen Dierickx, Benedicte Heyndrickx, Olivier Muller, Fabio Mangiacapra, Emanuele Barbato, Marc Vanderheyden, Jozef Bartunek
Journal: Circulation (2010)
Characterization and in vitro/in vivo dissolution of nab-paclitaxel nanoparticles
Authors: Neil Desai, Tapas De, Sherry Ci, Leslie Louie, Vuong Trieu
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

5624  Background: Nab-paclitaxel (Abraxane®) is a nanoparticle albumin-bound injectable form of paclitaxel free of toxic solvents. In preclinical and clinical studies, nab-paclitaxel exhibited superior antitumor efficacy and improved safety profile compared to cremophor-based paclitaxel (Taxol) (Desai et al., Clinical Cancer Research, 2006; Gradishar et al., J Clinical Oncology, 2005). This study characterized nab-paclitaxel nanoparticles and investigated their fate in vitro in simulated plasma solution and in vivo in pigs.  Methods: Nab-paclitaxel nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electro microscopy (TEM), dynamic laser light scattering (DLS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). For the in vitro dissolution study, nab-paclitaxel suspension (5 mg/mL in 0.9% sodium chloride solution) was diluted to different concentrations in simulated plasma (5% HSA), pig plasma and pig whole blood. The pig blood was processed to plasma by centrifugation at 3000 rpm for 15 minutes. Particle size was measured by DLS with Malvern Zetasizer 3000. For the in vivo dissolution study, Yucatan mini-pigs received nab-paclitaxel via ear vein infusion at a dose of either 300 mg/m2 or 900 mg/m2, administered over 30 minutes. Paclitaxel concentrations in blood were determined by HPLC, and particle size was measured by DLS.  Results: The nanoparticle mean size of 130 nm was determined by TEM and DLS. XRD studies determined the paclitaxel in the nanoparticles to be in a non-crystalline, amorphous, and readily bioavailable state. Upon dilution, nab-paclitaxel nanoparticles quickly dissociated into soluble albumin-paclitaxel complexes with size similar to native albumin. In vitro dissolution study determined the threshold concentrations below which nab-paclitaxel nanoparticles would rapidly dissolve to be: 50-60 µg/mL in simulated plasma, 100 µg/mL in pig plasma, and 150 µg/mL in pig whole blood. In vivo, the peak concentrations of paclitaxel in circulation following the infusion of nab-paclitaxel at 300 mg/m2 (MTD) or 900 mg/m2 were 10.5 and 31.4 µg/mL, respectively, well below the dissolution threshold. As a result, no nanoparticles were detected from blood samples of pigs receiving nab-paclitaxel administration at any time point.  Conclusion: Upon infusion, amorphous nab-paclitaxel nanoparticles rapidly dissolved into soluble albumin-paclitaxel complexes with no nanoparticles detected at any time point post infusion. Since the previously reported human Cmax (23 µg/mL) is well below the dissolution threshold determined in this study, it is believed that the rapid dissolution of the nanoparticles can facilitate transport via the gp60 and SPARC pathways to enhance drug delivery and tumor targeting.
A Randomised Trial Comparing the Safety and Efficacy of the Zoladex 10.8-mg Depot, Administered Every 12 Weeks, to That of the Zoladex 3.6-mg Depot, Administered Every 4 Weeks, in Patients with Advanced Prostate Cancer
Authors: G.A. Dijkman, F.M.J. Debruyne, P. Fernandez del Moral, J.W.M.H. Plasman, J.W. Hoefakkerd, J.G. Idema, M. Sykes
Journal: European Urology (1995)
THE RESPONSIBILITY OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS FOR POSTGRADUATE TRAINING
Authors: Edward L. Bortz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1941)

Article1 September 1941THE RESPONSIBILITY OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS FOR POSTGRADUATE TRAININGEDWARD L. BORTZ, F.A.C.P.EDWARD L. BORTZ, F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-15-3-582 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe activities of the American College of Physicians are in accord with the principle that a progressive medical policy on a national scale requires a program of continuous education for the doctors of the nation.As stated in the Constitution, "The object of the American College of Physicians shall be to establish an organization composed of qualified internists of high standing who shall meet from time to time for purposes of considering and discussing medical and scientific topics, and who through their organization shall attempt to accomplish the further purposes of: (a) maintaining and advancing the highest possible standards in... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania*Read at the Boston meeting of the American College of Physicians, April 21, 1941. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1941Volume 15, Issue 3Page: 582-588KeywordsMedical educationResidency ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1941 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 3140: A Variant in the von Willebrand Factor Gene is Associated with Differences in Circulating Protein Levels and Platelet Function
Authors: Dhananjay Vaidya, J E Herrera-Galeano, Lisa R Yanek, Taryn F Moy, Nauder Faraday, Lewis C Becker, Diane M Becker
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Platelets are recruited to the site of vascular injury by von Willebrand factor (vWF) immobilized on exposed collagen. High circulating vWF levels are associated with myocardial infarction, while low levels are seen in the bleeding disorder von Willebrand’s disease (VWD). We examined the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the vWF gene with circulating vWF levels and with collagen-induced aggregation of ex vivo platelets in plasma. We genotyped 51 SNPs (with minor allele frequency &gt;5%, constituting 25 linkage disequilibrium blocks) in the vWF gene in 2077 apparently healthy individuals with a family history of coronary disease (40% Black, 58% female), measured serum vWF levels, and ex vivo platelet aggregation to 10 mM collagen using optical aggregometry. Family-based additive genetic associations for age and sex adjusted vWF levels were assessed using the SAGE software package. Combined p-values for race-stratified analyses using meta-analysis were considered significant at p=0.002 (Bonferroni-corrected). Effect sizes were estimated using generalized estimating equations regression accounting for family structure. SNP rs216321 encoding the missense variant Q852R (minor allele frequency Whites 8%, Blacks 6%) was associated with vWF levels (p=0.003 [Whites], 0.077[Blacks], 0.002 [combined]). The variant Q852R neighbors a known VWD locus (R854Q). Each copy of Q852R was additively associated with a 13% lower level of vWF (adjusted for age, sex, and race, p=0.0003). However, this variant was recessive in association with collagen-induced aggregation, which was profoundly lower by 23% in minor allele homozygotes as compared to the other two genotypes (p=0.000004). We have discovered a novel association of a missense variant in the vWF gene with vWF blood levels and vWF-mediated platelet function. Whether this variant is adaptive (protecting from cardiovascular disease) or maladaptive (promoting inappropriate bleeding) remains to be determined.
Duodenal ulcer caused by a surgical clip after laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Ming-Che Hsin, I-Chang Lin, Chi-Ming Tai
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

A 56-year-old woman presented with a 1-month history of right upper quadrant abdominal pain after a laparoscopic cholecystectomy for gallstones. Her medical history included endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) performed 4 months prior to the laparoscopic cholecystectomy for the treatment of common bile duct (CBD) stones. During this procedure duodenal ulcers had also been found at the duodenal bulb and she had therefore taken proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) for 3 months.
Abstract 15074: Clinical Implication of the Aspirin Resistance after Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation
Authors: Jong-Young Lee, Duk-Woo Park, Yong-Giun Kim, Gyung-Min Park, Ki Won Hwang, Chang Hee Kwon, Jeong Yoon Jang, Suk-Won Choi, Hae-Geun Song, Jung-Min Ahn, Won-Jang Kim, Soo-Jin Kang, Seung-Whan Lee, Young-Hak Kim, Cheol Whan Lee, Seong-Wook Park, Seung-Jung Park
Journal: Circulation (2011)

OBJECTIVE: To investigate clinical utility of on-site measurement of aspirin resistance in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting stents (DES). BACKGROUND: D...
Genomic analyses of Francisella tularensis strains confirm disease transmission from drinking water sources, Turkey, 2008, 2009 and 2012
Authors: A Karadenizli, M Forsman, H Şimşek, M Taner, C Öhrman, K Myrtennäs, A Lärkeryd, A Johansson, L Özdemir, A Sjödin
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2015)

Binary file ES_Abstracts_Final_ECDC.txt matches
Abstract 16466: Biopsy-Proven Myocarditis: Gender Differences and Serum Autoantibody Markers of Dismal Prognosis
Authors: Alida L Caforio, Martina Testolina, Alessandro Schiavo, Martina Perazzolo Marra, Claudio Bilato, Renzo Marcolongo, Annalisa Angelini, Cristina Basso, Marco Panfili, Luca Brugnaro, Giuseppe Tarantini, Massimo Napodano, Stefania Bottaro, Assunta Fabozzo, Giambattista Isabella, Renato Razzolini, Gaetano Thiene, Gino Gerosa, Sabino Iliceto
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Prognostic features in endomyocardial biopsy (EMB)-proven myocarditis remain poorly defined. Purpose: We assessed role of gender and of serum anti-heart (AHA), anti-intercalated disk (AIDA), anti-e...