tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hypoxia‐Driven Neurovascular Impairment Underlies Structural‐Functional Dissociation in Diabetic Sudomotor Dysfunction
Authors: Xu Guo, Chao Zhang, Yuzhen Wang, Zhao Li, Yaxin Tan, Dongzhen Zhu, Wei Song, Yi Kong, Jinpeng Du, Yuyan Huang, Liting Liang, Jianjun Li, Mengde Zhang, Linhao Hou, Qinhua Liu, Feng Tian, Bingyang Yu, Yue Kong, Zhenyu Zhou, Xiaobing Fu, Sha Huang
Journal: MedComm (2025)

ABSTRACT Sudomotor dysfunction in diabetic patients increases the risk of fissures, infections, and diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), thereby reducing the quality of life. Despite its clinical importance, the mechanisms underlying this dysfunction remain inadequately elucidated. This study addresses this gap by demonstrating that despite structural integrity, sweat glands (SGs) in diabetic individuals with DFUs, and a murine model of diabetic neuropathy (DN), exhibit functional impairments, as confirmed by histological and functional assays. Integrated transcriptome and proteome analysis revealed significant upregulation of the SG microenvironment in response to hypoxia, highlighting potential underlying pathways involved. In addition, histological staining and tissue clearing techniques provided evidence of impaired neurovascular networks adjacent to SGs. Single‐cell RNA sequencing unveiled intricate intercellular communication networks among endothelial cells (ECs), neural cells (NCs), and sweat gland cells (SGCs), emphasizing intricate cellular interactions within the SG microenvironment. Furthermore, an in vitro SGC–NC interaction model (SNIM) was employed to validate the supportive role of NCs in regulating SGC functions, highlighting the neurovascular‐SG axis in diabetic pathophysiology. These findings confirm the hypoxia‐driven upregulation of the SG microenvironment and underscore the critical role of the neurovascular‐SG axis in diabetic pathophysiology, providing insights into potential therapeutic targets for managing diabetic complications and improving patient outcomes.
Measles Update — United States, January 1–April 17, 2025
Authors: Adria D. Mathis, Kelley Raines, Thomas D. Filardo, Nicole Wiley, Jessica Leung, Paul A. Rota, Diana Martinez, Saroj Rai, Varun Shetty, Nora Holzinger, Emma Stanislawski, Demetre C. Daskalakis, Kevin Chatham-Stephens, Manisha Patel, David Sugerman
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2025)

A multistate measles outbreak, predominantly affecting members of close-knit communities with low measles vaccination coverage in New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas began in January 2025. As of April 17, a total of 800 cases have been reported in the United States in 2025; 654 (82%) cases in New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas have been associated with the ongoing outbreak. These cases represent an approximately 180% increase over the 285 measles cases reported in the United States during all of 2024, and the second highest annual case count in the United States in 25 years. Overall, 771 (96%) patients have been unvaccinated or had unknown vaccination status (77% were unvaccinated, and 14% had unknown vaccination status when excluding 590 cases reported by Texas, which requires explicit consent by law [i.e., opt-in] to enroll in the Texas Immunization Registry), 85 (11%) patients have been hospitalized, and three patients have died. Among 48 (6%) internationally imported cases, 44 (92%) occurred among U.S. residents. Endemic measles was declared eliminated in the United States in 2000 as a direct result of high 2-dose childhood coverage with the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine. However, measles cases and outbreaks continue to occur when travelers with measles return to the United States while they are infectious; larger U.S. outbreaks typically follow importation into close-knit communities with low vaccination coverage. Nationally, risk for widespread measles transmission remains low because of high population-level immunity. To prepare for and prevent measles cases and outbreaks, public health departments should continue working with trusted community messengers on culturally competent community engagement, education, vaccination efforts, and other community infection prevention approaches (e.g., case isolation, contact monitoring, and post-exposure prophylaxis) and coordinating with health care facilities and schools. Increasing national and local MMR vaccination coverage is essential to preventing measles cases and outbreaks.
The Challenge in Burden of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: A Perspective From the Global Burden of Disease Study
Authors: Yicheng Yang, Zhiwei Zeng, Qiaoxi Yang, Huan Wang, Hanwen Zhang, Wenjie Yan, Peizhi Wang, Chuangshi Wang, Zhanhao Su, Pugazhenthan Thangaraju, Sher Zaman Safi, Beilan Yang, Yaoyao Wang, Jingjing Zhou, Zhiyong Zou, Yuan Huang, Songren Shu, Changming Xiong
Journal: MedComm (2025)

ABSTRACT Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) poses significant clinical management challenges due to gaps in understanding its global epidemiology. We analyzed PAH‐related disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs), deaths, and prevalence from 1990 to 2021. Age‐period‐cohort models and regression analyses assessed temporal trends and projected burdens to 2050. Globally, PAH‐related DALYs declined by 6.6%, but increased by 13.9% in high socio‐demographic index (SDI) countries. Middle SDI regions reported the highest DALYs in 1990 and 2021. Deaths rose by 48.5% worldwide, with high SDI nations experiencing a 76.6% surge. Age‐standardized rates (ASRs) of DALYs and deaths decreased across SDI countries, with high‐middle SDI regions showing the steepest declines. Younger age groups, especially males, had a higher proportion of global DALYs in earlier years, but the burden shifted toward older populations over time, with this trend more pronounced in high‐SDI countries. Age‐period‐cohort analysis revealed declining DALYs in younger ages but rising rates in older cohorts. By 2050, deaths and prevalence are projected to rise, disproportionately affecting females. Significant regional disparities in PAH burden persist, necessitating targeted policies, improved healthcare access, and early detection strategies, especially in underserved areas. Addressing these disparities is critical for mitigating PAH’ s global impact.
Conservation changed but not divided
Authors: Sam A Reynolds, Sara Beery, Neil Burgess, Mark Burgman, Stuart H M Butchart, Steven J Cooke, David Coomes, Finn Danielsen, Enrico Di Minin, América Paz Durán, Amy Hinsley, Sadiq Jaffer, Julia P G Jones, Binbin V Li, Anil Madhavapeddy, Lloyd Peck, Nathalie Pettorelli, Jon Paul Rodríguez, William J Sutherland
Journal: Trends in Ecology & Evolution (2025)
Survival benefit of hepatectomy after complete or partial response to conversion therapy in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (GUIDANCE003): a multi-center study
Authors: Da-Long Yang, Ning Peng, Jun-Liang Nong, Kang Chen, Ze Su, Ya-Qun Yu, Lin Ye, Fan-Jian Zeng, Shao-Ping Liu, Yi-He Yan, Xue-Yao Wang, Hong-Bing Yao, Fu-Quan Yang, Wen-Feng Li, Chuang Qin, Ming-Song Wu, Yong-Yu Yang, Xiao-Feng Dong, Mian-Jing Li, Jie Liu, Yong-Rong Liang, Pei-Sheng Wu, Teng-Meng Zhong, Yong-Cheng Lai, Yao-Zhi Chen, Qing-Qing Pang, Guo-Dong Wang, Fu-Xin Li, Xian-Shuang Mao, Shu-Chang Chen, Jun-Jie Ou, Rong-Rui Huo, Xiu-Mei Liang, Bang-De Xiang, Liang Ma, Jian-Hong Zhong
Journal: Liver Cancer (2025)

Introduction: The uncertainty exists regarding whether hepatectomy enhances the prognosis for initially unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) that becomes resectable subsequent to conversion therapy. This study conducted a comparative analysis of survival rates between patients who underwent hepatectomy and those who did not, following complete or partial response to conversion therapy. Methods: This retrospective study examined 300 patients with HCC who underwent hepatectomy following conversion therapy, along with 265 non-surgical control subjects (215 receiving loco-regional/systemic therapy and 50 under active surveillance) across 20 Chinese medical centers from 2019 to 2023. The primary outcomes assessed included overall survival (OS), event-free survival (EFS), recurrence-free survival, and the rate of complete pathologic response. Results: Hepatectomy was associated with significantly better OS than loco-regional or systemic therapy or active surveillance (The 3-year OS rates were 79.9% and 58.5%, respectively, p &amp;lt; 0.001) but comparable EFS (median: 40.6 vs 33.4 months, p = 0.403). These results were confirmed after analyzing subgroups matched to each other based on propensity scoring. Among patients who underwent hepatectomy, those who responded completely to conversion therapy showed significantly better OS than those who responded partially (HR 0.40, 95%CI 0.21-0.75) as well as significantly better EFS (HR 0.45, 95%CI 0.29-0.70). Among patients who did not undergo hepatectomy, overall and EFS were comparable between those who responded partially and those who responded completely to conversion therapy. Additionally, loco-regional or systemic therapy showed significantly better results in terms of overall and EFS compared to active surveillance. Of the patients who underwent hepatectomy, 116 (38.7%) showed complete pathologic response. In patients underwent hepatectomy, those who experienced complete pathologic response showed significantly better OS than those who did not (HR 0.34, 95%CI 0.18-0.65) as well as significantly better recurrence-free survival (HR 0.38, 95%CI 0.25-0.59). Conclusions: Hepatectomy can provide significant OS benefit to patients with initially unresectable HCC that responds partially or completely to conversion therapy.
Strong and Tough Tendon‐Mimetic Silk Fibroin for Tissue Regeneration
Authors: Guofeng Liu, Pengcheng Xia, Bokun Li, Tianhong Qiao, Qilin Wu, Muhammad Hassan Sarfraz, Yuan Sun, Hongwei Ouyang, Yong He
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2025)

Abstract Tendons exhibit outstanding mechanical performance due to their hierarchical and anisotropic structures. Despite notable progress in mimicking anisotropy, developing biomaterials that simultaneously exhibit high strength, and excellent biocompatibility remains a significant challenge. In this study, a novel strategy is proposed to fabricate multiscale, tendon‐mimetic regenerated silk fibroin (RSF) scaffold with a preferentially aligned microstructure and superior mechanical properties. This strategy integrates ethanol‐annealing to induce β‐sheet crystallization (nanoscale), freeze‐casting to create aligned microstructures (microscale), and densification to enhance interfacial bonding (macroscale). The synergistic effect of these multiscale structures effectively resists crack propagation, yielding impressive mechanical properties: a tensile strength of 7.8 MPa, elongation at break of 206%, and toughness of 14.52 MJ m −3 . Notably, the scaffold is fabricated through a purely physical process, free of chemical modifications or additives, preserving its biocompatibility and suggesting promising clinical potential. This biomimetic RSF scaffold promotes tendon cell adhesion, directional migration, and upregulated expression of tendon‐specific proteins. After 8 weeks of implantation in a rabbit full‐thickness Achilles tendon defect model, the scaffold effectively promoted realignment of the newly formed collagen fibers, resulting in a regenerated tendon structure that closely resembles native tendon architecture. This study provides insights into the design and manufacturing of high‐performance biomaterials.
Investigation of Lead and Chromium Exposure After Consumption of Contaminated Cinnamon-Containing Applesauce — United States, November 2023–April 2024
Authors: Alyssa N. Troeschel, Melanie C. Buser, Andrea Winquist, Perri Ruckart, Michael Yeh, David Kuai, Arthur Chang, Audrey F. Pennington, Jelonia T. Rumph, Madison R. Smith, Marisol Valenzuela Lara, Natalie Cataldo, Kailey Lewis, Katherine Arnold, Stic Harris, David C. Nicholas, Megan Hughes, Teresa Wortmann, Ed Norman, Melanie D. Napier, Jamaica Dillard, Johnni Daniel
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2025)

Although lead poisoning can cause detrimental health effects, it is largely preventable. Common exposure sources include contaminated soil, water, and lead-based paint in homes built before the 1978 ban on residential lead-containing paint. In North Carolina, testing for lead is encouraged for all children at ages 1 and 2 years, and is required for children covered by Medicaid. In October 2023, routine pediatric blood lead testing and follow-up investigations conducted by the North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services identified four asymptomatic cases of lead poisoning associated with consumption of cinnamon-containing applesauce packaged in pouches. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) identified lead in the cinnamon as the source of contamination; chromium was later also detected in the cinnamon. FDA alerted the public on October 28, and the distributor initiated a voluntary recall the following day. To estimate the impact of the event and characterize reported cases, CDC initiated a national call for cases (defined as a blood lead level [BLL] ≥3.5 μg/dL in a person of any age in ≤3 months after consuming a recalled cinnamon-containing applesauce product). During November 22, 2023-April 12, 2024, a total of 44 U.S. states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico reported 566 cases (55% in children aged <2 years, including 20% that were temporally associated with symptoms). The median maximum venous BLL was 7.2 μg/dL (range = 3.5-39.3 μg/dL). The hundreds of children poisoned by this incident highlight the importance of preventing toxic metal contamination of food and promoting routine childhood blood lead testing and follow-up to identify lead exposure sources. Clinicians and public health practitioners should be aware of the potential for exposure to toxic metals from less common sources, including food.
Response: Promise and open questions of optogenetic vision restoration by MCO
Authors: Samarendra K Mohanty, Santosh Mahapatra, Subrata Batabyal, Michael Carlson, Gayatri Kanungo, Ananta Ayyagari, Kissaou Tchedre, Joel A Franco, Michael Singer, Samuel Barone, Sai Chavala, Vinit B Mahajan
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2025)
Reply to Francesco Montorsi, Giuseppe Rosiello, Pietro Scilipoti, Marco Moschini, and Andrea Salonia’s Letter to the Editor re: Valeria Panebianco, Alberto Briganti, Jason Efstathiou, et al. The Role of Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging and the Vesical Imaging-Reporting and Data System (VI-RADS) in the Management of Patients with Bladder Cancer: Vision of the American College of Radiology VI-RADS Steering Committee. Eur Urol 2024;86:485–7
Authors: Valeria Panebianco, Alberto Briganti, Jason Efstathiou, Samuel Galgano, Lyndon Luk, Valdair Francisco Muglia, Bernadette Redd, Maarten de Rooij, Mitsuru Takeuchi, Sungmin Woo, J Alfred Witjes, Hebert Alberto Vargas
Journal: European Urology (2025)
Opportunities and risks of artificial intelligence in patient portal messaging in primary care
Authors: Joshua M Biro, Jessica L Handley, J Malcolm McCurry, Adam Visconti, Jeffrey Weinfeld, J Gregory Trafton, Raj M Ratwani
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2025)

The rapid increase in patient portal messaging has heightened the workload for primary care physicians (PCPs), contributing to burnout. The use of generative artificial intelligence (AI) to draft responses to patient messages has shown promise in reducing cognitive burden, yet there is still much unknown about the safety and perceptions of using AI drafts. This cross-sectional simulation study assessed whether PCPs could identify and correct errors in AI-generated draft responses to patient portal messages. Twenty practicing PCPs reviewed 18 patient portal messages, four of which contained errors categorized as objective inaccuracies or potentially harmful omissions. Each error was insufficiently addressed by 13-15 participants, and 35-45% of erroneous drafts were submitted entirely unedited. While 80% of participants agreed AI drafts reduced cognitive workload and 75% found them safe, uncorrected errors highlight patient safety risks, underscoring the need for improved design, training, and error-detection mechanisms for AI tools.
TERT Amplification a Risk Stratification Marker in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma, Significantly Correlated with Tumor Recurrence and Survival
Authors: Gil-Bernabé Sara, Feás-Rodríguez Noa, Pérez-Riesgo Enrique, Corraliza-Gómez Miriam, Fra Rodríguez Joaquín, García-Rostán Ginesa
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (2025)
Dual targeting of EZH2 and EZH1 drives exit of leukemia stem cells from quiescence and potentiates chemotherapy in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Hiroki Akiyama, Yuki Nishida, Kyung Hee Chang, Andrea D Bedoy, Muharrem Muftuoglu, Wencai Ma, Mahesh Basyal, Zoe Hirschi, Daisuke Honma, Shinji Tsutsumi, Jing Wang, Weiguo Zhang, Xuelin Huang, Raajit K Rampal, Olalekan O Oluwole, Dale Lee Bixby, Naval G Daver, Michael Andreeff
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2025)
Age-related prognoses of genetic subtypes in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (B-ALL): insights from a decade of national data
Authors: Ting Zhou, Nicholas J Short, Nitin Jain, Keyur P Patel, Elias J Jabbour, Hagop M Kantarjian, L Jeffrey Medeiros, J Bryan Iorgulescu
Journal: Leukemia (2025)
Extracellular Matrix‐Mediated Crosslinking of Adhesive Hyaluronic Acid Patch for Treating Volumetric Muscle Injury
Authors: Eun Je Jeon, Soohwan An, Seung Yeop Han, Eunseon Jeong, Young Seok Song, Jung Seung Lee, Seung‐Woo Cho
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2025)

Abstract The treatment of volumetric muscle loss (VML) is challenging owing to the deficiency of appropriate bioscaffolds and ineffective therapeutic outcomes with conventional approaches. Adhesive hydrogels have emerged as potential tools for promoting tissue regeneration, offering effective integration with damaged tissues. However, technical procedures requiring non‐biocompatible crosslinking methods, mechanical mismatches, or the absence of tissue‐specific microenvironments in conventional adhesive hydrogels have hindered their successful application in tissue reconstruction. In this study, a patch‐type adhesive hydrogel is developed by combining a muscle tissue‐derived extracellular matrix (MEM) and catechol‐conjugated hyaluronic acid (HA‐CA). This MEM‐containing HA‐CA (HCM) patch hydrogel utilizes MEM as both a biocompatible crosslinker and a therapeutic substance. The HCM patch hydrogel, crosslinked through a combination of covalent and non‐covalent interactions via MEM and catechol in the composite, not only provides stable physical support but also develops muscle tissue‐specific biochemical cues, mediating the recruitment and maturation of muscular cells. In animal models of VML, the HCM patch hydrogel effectively stimulates satellite cells and supports de novo muscle regeneration with functional restoration. This study emphasizes the efficacy and ready‐to‐use convenience of HCM patch hydrogels for muscle regeneration.
Engineered Prussian Blue‐Curcumin Nanozyme with RONS Scavenging Properties for Augmented Reversible Treatment of Cardiac Hypertrophy
Authors: Anlin Luo, Jing Tan, Haisong Wang, Manman Yang, Shuojing Wang, Chengzeng Wang, Yachao Wang, Lin Liu
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2025)

Abstract Pathological cardiac hypertrophy, often triggered by the excessive production and accumulation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), may ultimately lead to heart failure. The treatment of myocardial hypertrophy often involves antioxidant stress therapy. In this study, by coordinating curcumin with ferric ions during the synthesis of Prussian blue nanoparticles, a Prussian blue‐curcumin (PB‐Cur) nanozyme is successfully engineered with exceptional reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) elimination capabilities. Following PVP modification, the PB‐Cur nanozyme exhibited favorable biocompatibility and stability in aqueous solutions. Furthermore, the PB‐Cur nanozyme shows remarkable reversible treatment efficacy against myocardial hypertrophy in both in vitro and in vivo models. After one week of treatment, the PB‐Cur group in the transverse aortic constriction (TAC)‐induced cardiac hypertrophy models displayed a notable decrease in myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis. Echocardiographic findings also revealed a substantial improvement in cardiac function among TAC mice following PB‐Cur administration. Mechanistically, through reactive oxygen species (ROS) elimination, the PB‐Cur effectively downregulated oxidative stress‐related pathways, including MAPK and PI3K‐Akt, which hold promise for treating oxidative stress‐related cardiac diseases.
InSituCor: exploring spatially correlated genes conditional on the cell type landscape
Authors: Patrick Danaher, Dan McGuire, Lidan Wu, Michael Patrick, David Kroeppler, Haiyan Zhai, Deniz G Olgun, Dennis Gong, Jingyi Cao, William L Hwang, Joachim Schmid, Joseph M Beechem
Journal: Genome biology (2025)
Investigating the impact of trial retractions on the healthcare evidence ecosystem (VITALITY Study I): retrospective cohort study
Authors: Chang Xu, Shiqi Fan, Yuan Tian, Fuchen Liu, Luis Furuya-Kanamori, Justin Clark, Chao Zhang, Sheng Li, Lifeng Lin, Haitao Chu, Sheyu Li, Su Golder, Yoon Loke, Sunita Vohra, Paul Glasziou, Suhail A Doi, Hui Liu
Journal: BMJ (2025)

Abstract Objective To investigate the impact of retracted trials on the production and use of healthcare evidence in the evidence ecosystem. Design Retrospective cohort study based on forward citation searching. Data sources Retraction Watch up to 5 November 2024. Study selection Randomised controlled trials in humans that were retracted for any reason. Methods Forward citation searching via Google Scholar and Scopus was used to identify evidence synthesis research (21 November 2024) that quantitatively incorporated retracted trials. Data were independently extracted by two groups of researchers. The results of meta-analyses were updated after exclusion of the retracted trials. The proportions of meta-analyses that changed direction of the pooled effect and/or the significance of the P value were estimated. A generalised linear mixed model was used to investigate the association between the number of included studies and the impact, measured by odds ratio and 95% confidence interval (CI). The impact of distorted evidence on clinical practice guidelines was also investigated on the basis of citation searching. Results The searches identified 1330 retracted trials and 847 systematic reviews that quantitatively synthesised retracted trials, with a total of 3902 meta-analyses that could be replicated. After the potential clustering effects were accounted for, the exclusion of the retracted trials led to a change in the direction of the pooled effect in 8.4% (95% CI 6.8% to 10.1%), in its statistical significance in 16.0% (14.2% to 17.9%), and in both direction and significance in 3.9% (2.5% to 5.2%) and a &gt;50% change in the magnitude of the effect in 15.7% (13.5% to 17.9%). An obvious non-linear association existed between the number of included studies and the impact on the results, with a lower number of studies having higher impact (eg, for 10 studies versus ≥20 studies, change of direction: odds ratio 2.63, 95% CI 1.29 to 5.38; P&lt;0.001). Evidence from 68 systematic reviews with conclusions distorted by retracted trials was used in 157 guideline documents. Conclusion Retracted trials have a substantial impact on the evidence ecosystem, including evidence synthesis, clinical practice guidelines, and evidence based clinical practice. Evidence generators, synthesisers, and users must pay attention to this problem, and feasible approaches that assist with easier identification and correction of such potential contamination are needed. Study registration Open Science Framework ( https://osf.io/7eazq/ ).