tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Orbital Lymphangioma
Authors: Michael Kazim, John S. Kennerdell, William Rothfus, Merlin Marquardt
Journal: Ophthalmology (1992)

Orbital lymphangiomas generally are invasive, slow-growing lesions that can produce proptosis, motility impairment, and compressive optic neuropathy. Successful surgical management requires detailed preoperative radiologic imaging with the capacity to determine the location and size of the tumors, the presence of cystic or solid components, and extent of infiltration of the tumor into normal orbital structures.The records of 12 patients with orbital lymphangioma were reviewed with attention to the clinical, radiologic, operative, and histologic findings.Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) produced highly detailed renderings of the orbital mass that were both diagnostic and predictive of the intraoperative findings. Magnetic resonance imaging was particularly sensitive to the presence of cysts within the tumor and was able to predict the contents of the cysts.Using preoperative MRI, a more detailed and accurate surgical plan can be formulated than with any other noninvasive technique.
Abstract 730: Identification and Characterization of Cardiac Stem Cells in the Pig Heart
Authors: Claudia Bearzi, Patrick Muller, Katsuya Amano, Xian-Liang Tang, Maria Loredo, Federico Mosna, Alessandro Gatti, Grazia Esposito, Annarosa Leri, Jan Kajstura, Piero Anversa, Ornella Rimoldi, Roberto Bolli
Journal: Circulation (2006)
实践要点：英国-WHO新生长图的应用
Authors: 李晓惠, 杜军保
Journal: BMJ (2010)

2006年4月世界卫生组织（WHO）出版了新的5岁以下儿童生长标准’。在发达国家中，英国是第一个采用该标准的国家。英国卫生部委托儿科及儿童健康皇家学院在此基础上设计了新版英国小儿生长图。英国现在使用新版生长图（UK—WHO生长图）监测4岁以下儿童生长发育状况。该文解读了新版生长图与之前旧图的不同之处，并说明了如何使用该生长图和解释生长测量相关指标。
慢性阻塞性肺疾病知识（二） 药物应用——吸入治疗
Authors: Graeme, Currie, Brian, Lipworth, 潘杨（译）, 黄克武（校）
Journal: BMJ (2007)

慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）具有不同的临床表现。因此，对患者进行个体化的治疗，不仅要依据现病史、既往史、症状以及功能障碍程度，还要根据治疗的反应来判断。当给患者吸入药物治疗时，患者的耐受性、药物可能的副作用和治疗疗效都是应该考虑的重要因素。COPD患者药物滴定治疗常常依据气道阻塞的程度、症状的严重度、活动耐力以及急性加重期的发作频率来决定。
Abstract 646: Epicardial Ablation Of Ventricular Tachycardia - A Single Centre Experience
Authors: Boris Schmidt, KR Julian Chun, Buelent Koektuerk, Feifan Ouyang, Karl-Heinz Kuck
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: Radiofrequency current ablation (RFA) of ventricular tachycardia (VT) focuses on endocardial (endo) substrates. However, if endo RFA fails, an epi approach is a potential treatment option. We report a single centre experience of epi VT ablation. Patients and Methods: Between 06/2005 and 02/2008 42 pts (14 female, mean age 49 ± 18 years) underwent electroanatomical endo and epi mapping and ablation for intractable VT, syncope or VT storm with multiple ICD discharges. Pts with normal heart (n=7), ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM; n=8), NICM (n=11), ARVD (n=8), LV-aneurysm (n=7) or sarcoidosis (n=1) were studied. Mean LV ejection fraction was 45±12%. 20/42 had had at least 1 previous ablation attempt for VT (range 1– 4 ablations). Acute success was defined as non-inducibility of the previously inducible VT. Chronic success was defined as recurrence of any VT. Results: Acute procedural success rate was 79% (30/38). In 4 pts VTs were not inducible during EPS. In 28/42 pts endo mapping revealed no pathologic potentials. In 23/38 pts and 7/38 the succesful RFC ablation site was epi and endo, respectively. In 9/38 pts endo ablation failed and VT could only be ablated from epi. Further 7/38 pts needed both endo and epi ablation. In In 4/8 failed ablations epi RFC ablation was impossible due to failed access to target site (adhesions; n=2), close vicinity of a coronary artery (n=1) or the phrenic nerve (n=1). Procedure duration was 263±97 min. Unfortunately, 1 pt died due to perforation of RV and 1 pt had severe hepatic bleeding after epi puncture. One pt died in cardiogenic shock 1 d after the procedure. In 2 pts a sterile pericarditis occurred which resolved without any further intervention. After a median follow-up of 293 days (1–929 days) 53% of pts were alive and free from any VT. Conclusion: In pts with failed endo RFC ablation for VT due to different etiologies epi RFC ablation was acutely successful in 61% of pts with a moderate chronic success rate. However, major complications occured in approximately 5% of pts. Epi mapping should be considered if endo pathologic potentials are absent or if endo ablation failed.
Abstract 243: Longterm Outcome After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest and Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Stefan Zimmermann, Anna Alff, Susanne Ruthrof, Kathrin Nowak, Lutz Klinghammer, Josef Ludwig, Werner Daniel, Frank A Flachskampf
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: There is variability in the reported outcome of patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Little is known about the role of coronary reperfusion strategies in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) complicated by OHCA Methods: 30-day and 1-year outcome of 71 consecutive patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) after witnessed OHCA and STEMI were compared with the results of 695 STEMI patients without cardiac arrest who also underwent PCI. Neurological recovery of OHCA-patients was assessed using Cerebral Performance Category (CPC) scale at 1-year follow up. Results: In 19.7% (14/71) of the OHCA patients initial rhythm was asystole, 83.1% (59/71) presented with mechanical ventilation and 46.5% (33/71) with vasopressors on admission. In 57.8% (41/71) of the OHCA-patients and 43.9% of the no-OHCA patients LAD was the infarction-related coronary vessel (p=0.03). 85.9% (61/71) versus 89.4% received a Stent (p=0.42) and PCI was successful in...
Abstract 3218: Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Safety of an Anti-von Willebrand Factor Therapeutic Aptamer, ARC1779, in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: James C Gilbert, Tia DeFeo-Fraulini, Renta M Hutabarat, Christopher J Horvath, Patricia G Merlino, H N Marsh, Judy M Healy, Sleiman B Fahkreddine, Thomas V Holohan, Robert Schaub
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: The prominent role played by vWF in arterial thrombogenesis suggests that vWF inhibition may offer an effective adjunct therapy to PCI in ACS patients. ARC1779 is a PEG-conjugated aptamer that blocks platelet activation through inhibition of vWF A1 domain binding to platelet receptor GPIb. Design: This was an ascending-dose, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in 47 healthy volunteers at doses of 0 (placebo, n = 6) or 0.05 to 1.0 mg/kg ARC1779 (n = 41) given via IV push, “slow bolus” IV infusion over 15 minutes, or “slow bolus” followed by 4-hour IV infusion. PK parameters were estimated from plasma ARC1779 concentrations determined with a validated assay. PD effects were measured by an ELISA for free vWF A1 binding sites and by a platelet function analyzer, the PFA-100 ® . PK: The concentration-time profiles for ARC1779 after IV push or slow bolus appeared monophasic, though the terminal phase may not have been fully captured. The C max and AUC values were dose-proportional. The highest exposure was observed after 1.0 mg/kg slow bolus, with mean C max of 21.15 μg/mL and AUC (0-∞) of 80.92 μ g·hr/mL. The mean apparent elimination half-life (t 1/2β ) was ~2 hours and mean residence time (MRT) was ~3 hours. The mean apparent volumes of distribution (V z and V ss ) were ~1/2 of the blood volume, suggesting that ARC1779 distribution is in the central compartment. The mean clearance (CL) values ranged from ~10% to 21% of GRF, suggesting that renal filtration may not be a major mechanism of clearance of ARC1779. PD: Inhibition of vWF A1 binding was achieved in a dose- and concentration-dependent manner, with respective EC 50 and EC 90 values of 0.22 μ g/mL (17 nM) and 1.98 μg/mL (151 nM). Platelet function inhibition (PFA-100 ® closure time) was achieved, with respective EC 50 and EC 90 values of 0.75 μ g/mL (57 nM) and 2.57 μg/mL (196 nM). vWF activity returned in a dose- and concentration-dependent manner. Safety: ARC1779 was generally well tolerated and no bleeding was observed. Adverse events tended to be minor and not dose related. One volunteer had a hypersensitivity reaction to IV push administration, but no such reactions occurred at higher doses given by slow bolus or infusion. Conclusion: The PK, PD and safety profile of ARC1779 supports its therapeutic potential for use in ACS.
KRAS mutation status-stratified randomized phase II trial of GEMOX with and without cetuximab in advanced biliary tract cancer (ABTC): The TCOG T1210 trial.
Authors: Li-Tzong Chen, Jen-Shi Chen, Yee Chao, Chang-Sung Tsai, Yan-Shen Shan, Chiun Hsu, Shiu-Feng Huang, Hsiao-Hui Tsou, Kuan-Der Lee, Chang-Fang Chiu, Kun-Ming Rau, Ching-Liang Ho, Ming-Sun Yu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

4018 Background: Gemcitabine/platinum combination is considered as globally acceptable standard care in patients with ABTC. Two recently published randomized trials showed adding EGFR antagonist, either erlotinib or cetuximab, does not further improve the clinical outcomes of gemcitabine/oxaliplatin (GEMOX)-treated ABTC patients. However, the impact of KRAS mutation status on the results of both studies was not properly addressed. Methods: A prospective, multicenter randomized, phase II trial to evaluate the therapeutic efficacies of adding cetuximab to GEMOX in patients with ABTC, in which eligible patients were stratified by status of KRAS mutation and ECOG PS, and tumor location then randomized to receive either GEMOX (gemcitabine 800 mg/m 2 , fixed-rate infusion and oxaliplatin 85 mg/m 2 , i.v., Q 2 weeks) or GEMOX plus cetuximab (500 mg/m 2 , i.v., Q 2 weeks, C-GEMOX). The primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR). As an exploratory trial, 120 (60 per arm) patients was estimated to detect a two-tailed 10% difference in ORR (20% in GEMOX and 30% in C-GEMOX) with a significant level of a=0.2 and b=0.5. Results: Between Nov 2010 and May 2012, a total of 122 patients were accrued. The demography was male: 47.5%, median age: 60 y/o, ECOG PS 0/1: 28.7%/71.3%, IHCC/EHCC/GBC: 71.3%/16.4%/12.3%, KRAS mutation: 36.1%, with locally advanced/metastatic diseases: 32.0%/68.0%, and prior surgical resection: 41.8%. On intent-to-treat analysis, the ORR and DCR in the C-GEMOX (N=62) and GEMOX (N-60) arms was 27.3% vs 15.0% (p=0.1223) and 82.2% vs 60.0% (p=0.0090), respectively (Fisher’s exact test); while the median PFS was 7.1 vs 4.0 months (p= 0.0069) and median OS was 10.3 vs 8.8 months (p=0.4057), respectively (log-rank test). Planned subgroup analysis showed the 43 patients with KRAS mutated tumors benefited more from cetuximab therapy, with a DCR of 78.3% vs 38.1% (p=0.0132), median PFS of 7.0 vs 1.9 months (p=0.0351) and median OS of 10.3 vs 6.6 months (p=0.6924). Conclusions: Adding cetuximab significant improves the DCR and PFS of GEMOX in ABTC patients, notably in subpopulation with KRAS mutated tumors. Larger-scale phase III trial is warranted. Clinical trial information: NCT01267344.
Abstract 5120: Cardiac Sympathetic Nerve Activity is Associated With the Progression of Cardiorenal Syndrome in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: 10-Year Follow up Study
Authors: Masato Kawasaki, Takahisa Yamada, Yuji Okuyama, Takashi Morita, Yoshio Furukawa, Koji Tanaka, Yusuke Iwasaki, Taku Yasui, Hiromichi Ueda, Takeshi Okada, Yuki Kuramoto, Masatake Fukunami
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background : Chronic heart failure (CHF) and renal dysfunction (RD) frequently coexist. Cardiac sympathetic nerve activity (CSNA) influences the clinical outcomes in CHF patients (pts), but there is no information available on the relation between CSNA and RD in CHF pts, so-called cardiorenal syndrome (CRS). Methods : We studied 101 CHF patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) &lt; 40%. At the entry, I-123 MIBG imaging was performed, and washout rate (WR) was calculated from the chest anterior view images obtained at 20 and 200 min after isotope injection. Every year, estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) by the MDRD equation was obtained in each patient. Results : GFR at the entry was significantly lower in pts with (n=49) than without abnormal WR (n=52) (more than 27%: the mean control WR +2SD) (59±18 vs 67±19 ml/min/1.73m 2 , p=0.029). With a mean follow-up of 7.3±3.5 yrs, GFR decreased from 64±19 to 50±21 ml/min/1.73m 2 , the median value of GFR depression rate (GFRdep) was 3.5%/year, and 31 of 101 pts died of cardiac death. GFRdep was also significantly greater in pts with than without abnormal WR (8.2 vs 2.5%/year, p&lt;0.01). There were no significant differences in gender, age, NYHA class, LVEF, or the content of anti-heart failure therapy between pts with and without WR≥27%. Cardiac death was significantly more frequently observed in pts with than without GFRdep≥3.5%/year (44 vs 16%, p&lt;0.01). The odds ratio of greater GFRdep for cardiac death was 3.8 (95%CI 1.7 to 8.5). Conclusion: In CHF pts, CSNA would be associated with the progression of RD. Furthermore, progression of RD had poor clinical outcome. Thus, CSNA might play an important role in the progression of CRS in CHF pts.
Abstract 1771: Analysis of Sudden Cardiac Arrests During Wearable Defibrillator Use
Authors: Steven J Szymkiewicz, Ulf Meltendorf, M. S Heilman, Helmut U Klein
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Background: Wearable cardioverter-defibrillators (WCD) are a possible solution to many transitory sudden death risk situations when implantable defibrillators or hospitalization is impractical or u...
Abstract P250: Incidence of Hospitalized Peripheral Arterial Disease and Critical Limb Ischemia: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
Authors: Corey A Kalbaugh, Anna Kucharska-Newton, Laura Loehr, Elizabeth Selvin, Aaron R Folsom, Lloyd E Chambless, Gerardo Heiss
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Introduction: Lower extremity peripheral arterial disease (PAD) affects between 12% and 20% of Americans over the age of 65. PAD compromises quality of life, contributes a high burden of disability and its related health care costs exceed $4 billion/year, yet this preventable CVD outcome remains understudied. Aims: Assess the incidence of hospitalized PAD, and of the most severe form of PAD, critical limb ischemia (CLI), in middle-aged men and women, and evaluate their risk factors in a bi-ethnic, population-based cohort. We hypothesized that incidence of hospitalized PAD and CLI are higher in African Americans, and that modifiable atherosclerosis risk factors in middle age predict these sequelae of PAD. Methods: We analyzed data from 13,865 participants from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study aged 45–64 without PAD at baseline (1987–89). Incident PAD and CLI events were identified using ICD-9 codes from active surveillance of all hospitalizations among cohort participants from 1987 through 2008. All estimates are incidence rates per 10,000 person-years; nominal statistical significance was achieved for all baseline characteristic comparisons reported. Results: There were 707 incident hospitalized PAD during a median of 18 years of follow-up (249,570 person-years). The overall age-adjusted incidence of PAD and limb-threatening CLI were 26.0 and 9.6 per 10,000 person-years, respectively. Incidence of hospitalized PAD was higher in African Americans than whites (34.7 vs. 23.2) and in men compared to women (32.4 vs. 26.7). Baseline characteristics associated with age-adjusted incident PAD (per 10,000 person-years) compared to their referent groups were diabetes (91.2 vs. 19.0), history of smoking (33.6 vs. 16.2), hypertension (42.6 vs. 18.6), coronary heart disease (81.4 vs. 24.1), and obesity (41.5 vs. 20.2). Incidence of CLI also was higher among African Americans (21.0 vs. 5.9) and in men (10.5 vs. 8.9 per 10,000 person-years). Baseline characteristics associated with incident CLI were similar to those for PAD. Conclusions: The absolute risk of hospitalized lower extremity PAD in this community-based cohort is of a magnitude similar to that of heart failure and of stroke. As modifiable factors are strongly predictive of the long-term risk of hospitalized PAD and CLI, particularly among African Americans, our results highlight the need for effective risk factor prevention and control.
Abstract 3468: Clinical Safety and Long-Term Efficacy of Drug Eluting versus Bare Metal Stents in Acute ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Undine Pittl, Hanspeter Brunner-La Rocca, Christoph Kaiser, Piero O Bonetti, Patrick Hunziker, Andre Linka, Raban Jeger, Stefan Osswald, Peter Buser, Mathias Pfisterer
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Background: One of the major shortcomings of coronary stents is in-stent restenosis. Drug-eluting stents (DES) are widely used to reduce intimal hyperplasia and as consequence, the incidence of res...
Variables in the correct subclassification of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: A. Mishra, H. Farghaly, G. Rabinowits, G. H. Kloecker
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e17561 Background: Targeting specific cancer growth pathways has become standard in treating NSCLC. Distinguishing subclasses of NSCLC is therefore increasingly important. However, 20–30% of cases in major clinical trials are categorized as “not otherwise specified” (NOS), similar to our cancer registry at the University of Louisville hospital. This study examines clinical and pathological variables that may affect the probability to accurately specify NSCLC histology. Methods: 147 cases of NSCLC after 2004 were randomly selected and reviewed. The variables examined included time of diagnosis, amount of tissue at diagnosis, use of immuno-histochemistry (IHC), and eligibility for systemic therapy. NOS was defined as unclassified histology, including poorly differentiated carcinoma. Results: NSCLC was confirmed by cytomorphology in all but one case. 69 cases were adeno ca (47%), 45 squamous (31%), 2 large cell (1%), 31 NOS (21%), with the percentage of NOS being constant over the years. The patient's eligibility for systemic therapy was not associated with any particular histology. Only 3/31 (10%) cases of NOS had surgical specimens, whereas 36/116 (31%) with specified histology had surgical specimens (p&lt;0.05). 47 % of adeno ca, 24% of squamous ca, and 41% of NOS cases had IHC. Of all specimens only 39% had IHC performed. Conclusions: Cytomorphology alone is not able to subclassify all cases of NSCLC in FNA specimens. Our study found a significant association between adequate tissue quantity and correct subclassification of NSCLC. IHC helps to subclassify NSCLC, but was not done in most cases. Lack of sufficient tissue is a major reason for absent IHC's and failure to subclassify NSCLC. To retrieve genomic and proteomic information from tissue and target therapy correctly, it becomes important to do core needle biopsies whenever possible. Pathology assistance at time of biopsy to assure adequacy of the sample is another practical measure to decrease the proportion of cases with NOS. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 2037: Renal Dysfunction and Appropriate Shock Therapy in Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Patients with Nonischemic Heart Failure
Authors: Atsushi Takahashi, Tsuyoshi Shiga, Keisuke Futagawa, Ryusuke Kimura, Koichiro Ejima, Tetsuyuki Manaka, Kouhei Tanizaki, Morio Shoda, Nobuhisa Hagiwara, Hiroshi Kasanuki
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD) prevent sudden cardiac death in high risk patients with heart failure. The presence of coexisting conditions has a substantial effect on the rate of arrhythmic events in heart failure patients. Renal dysfunction is associated with mortality in patients with myocardial infarction or heart failure, but the influence of degrees of renal impairment is less well defined. Methods: A total of 221 patients who underwent ICD implantation were included between 1990 and 2006. Gromerular Filteration Rate (GFR) was estimated using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) and renal insufficiency was defined as MDRD GFR&lt;60mL/min/1.73m 2 . Differences in arrhythmia recurrences according to the MDRD GFR were compared by Kaplan-Meier survival curves. Results: During a mean follow-up time of 3.7±2.8 years, 82 (37%) of 221 patients (mean age; 4.7±1.3 years, 71% male) experienced appropriate ICD shock therapy. There was a trend of higher cumulative rate of appropriate ICD shock therapies in patients with renal insufficiency than other patients (p&lt;0.10). The result of subgroup analysis of 94 patients with low LVEF (LVEF&lt;35%) indicated that the patients with renal insufficiency experienced electrical storms more frequently (p&lt;0.05). After correcting for age, sex, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), indication for ICD implantation, and use of beta-blockers in a Cox regression model, low MDRD GFR was still an independent predictor of the time to first appropriate ICD shock (hazard ratio [HR] 2.30, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.13–4.69, p&lt;0.05). Below 60mL/min/1.73m 2 , each reduction of the MDRD GFR by 10 units was associated with a HR for appropriate shock of 1.40 (95% CI, 1.00 to 1.95). Conclusion: Renal insufficiency is associated with increased rate of arrhythmic event in nonischemic HF patients. Especially, those patients with low LVEF and renal dysfunction experience more frequent ICD shocks.
Bevacizumab in Combination with Taxane versus Non-Taxane Containing Regimens for Advanced/Metastatic Nonsquamous Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review
Authors: Madhusmita Behera, Rathi N. Pillai, Taofeek K. Owonikoko, Sungjin Kim, Conor Steuer, Zhengjia Chen, Nabil F. Saba, Chandra P. Belani, Fadlo R. Khuri, Suresh S. Ramalingam
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2015)
Abstract 14469: Optimal Use of Drug-Eluting Stents in PCI: Implications of Healthcare Policy in Real-World Practice
Authors: Lakshmi Venkitachalam, John A Spertus, Kevin F Kennedy, Amit P Amin, Joshua M Stolker, Robert W Yeh, Sharon-Lise T Normand, Neal S Kleiman, David J Cohen
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: To ensure efficient utilization of resources, several health organizations have outlined explicit criteria for drug-eluting stent (DES) use in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). ...
Abstract 2321: <i>CXCL5</i> Genotype is Associated with Mortality after Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Amber L Beitelshees, Issam Zineh, Sharon Cresci, Jun Wu, Matthew R Minton, Michael A Province, John A Spertus
Journal: Circulation (2007)

BACKGROUND: Epithelial neutrophil activating peptide (ENA-78) is a chemokine implicated in many inflammatory processes and may be involved in cardiovascular disease. We have previously found the −156 G&gt;C variant in the ENA-78 gene ( CXCL5 ) to be associated with elevated plasma ENA-78 concentrations and production from cultured leukocytes. Since leukocytes, including neutrophils, are involved in acute cardiovascular events, we hypothesized that the CXCL5 −156 G&gt;C variant would be associated with worse event-free survival after acute coronary syndromes (ACS). METHODS: A prospective cohort of ACS patients (n=704) with 3-year follow-up was assessed and CXCL5 was genotyped by Taqman. Cox proportional hazards models adjusting for age, race, sex, diabetes, heart failure, ACS type, coronary revascularization, and genotype were constructed in the entire cohort and separately by race. Kaplan Meier curves were estimated. RESULTS: The −156C allele frequency was 0.17, 0.12, and 0.43 in the overall cohort, whites, and blacks, respectively. The −156C allele was associated with an increased risk mortality according to a recessive model of inheritance in the overall cohort (HR 2.8, 95% CI 1.4 –5.9) [Figure ], and in the white (HR 3.7, 95% CI 1.3–11.1) and black (HR 2.6, 95% CI 0.90 –7.3) subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: CXCL5 −156 C/C genotype was associated with 2.8-fold higher mortality relative to other genotypes in ACS patients. The magnitude of risk was similar in both white and black patients. Taken with previous findings, CXCL5 genotype may represent a novel risk-stratification biomarker in ACS.