tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 16549: Prevention of Contrast-Induced Nephropathy by Oxygen Preconditioning in Patients With Impaired Renal Function
Authors: Haruki Sekiguchi, Yoichi Ajiro, Yoshie Uchida, Kazunori Iwade, Naohide Tanaka, Ken Shimamoto, Yukio Tsurumi, Masatoshi Kawana, Nobuhisa Hagiwara
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: We previously reported the preventive effect of periprocedural oxygenation on contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in the Option CIN study.

Hypothesis: In the present study, we sought to determine whether this simple preventive strategy works among patients with pre-existing renal dysfunction, in whom CIN occurrence is more prevalent.

Methods: The Extended-Option CIN study included 200 consecutive patients with impaired renal function (eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2) undergoing elective cardiovascular angiography and randomly assigned them to either an oxygen preconditioning group (n = 100) or a control group (n = 100). Oxygen preconditioning was achieved by administering 2 L/min of pure oxygen for 10 min before exposure to the contrast medium. The primary endpoint was CIN incidence, defined as an increase in serum creatinine levels of ≥25% or 0.5 mg/dL above baseline levels within 48 h of exposure.

Results: In the oxygen preconditioning group, PaO2 was significantly higher (130 ± 24 vs. 88 ± 12 mmHg, P < 0.001), while the levels of PCO2, HCO3–, base excess, and lactate levels were similar. CIN incidence was lower (2% vs. 11%, OR 0.17, 95% CI 0.04-0.77, P < 0.001) compared with the control group. In univariate analysis comorbidity with anemia (OR 3.87, CI 1.18-12.74, P = 0.02 ) and low PaO2 levels <100mmHg (OR 6.89, CI 1.49-31.95, P < 0.01) were associated with CIN incidence. Multivariate analysis identified PaO2 <100 mmHg was the only significant predictor of CIN (OR 6.89, 95% CI 1.49-31.95, P < 0.01).

Conclusions: Oxygen preconditioning decreased CIN incidence in patients with decreased eGFR. Oxygenation, a simple, non-pharmacologial preventive strategy, may be widely applicable when using contrast media in patients with impaired renal function, from noninvasive angiography to emergency cauterization setting.
PROGNOSTIC AND PREDICTIVE VALUE OF CHROMOGRANIN A AND NEURON-SPECIFIC ENOLASE IN PATIENTS (PTS) WITH ADVANCED PANCREATIC NEUROENDOCRINE TUMORS (PNET) TREATED WITH EVEROLIMUS
Authors: Kjell Öberg, M. Kulke, M. Pavel, A. Phan, S. Hoosen, J. St Peter, A. Cherfi, J. C. Yao
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2010)
Phase I biodistribution study of Le<sup>y</sup> targeting immunoconjugate in advanced epithelial cancers
Authors: A. M. Scott, R. A. Herbertson, F. T. Lee, B. Chappell, N. Micallef, S. T. Lee, T. Saunder, W. Hopkins, F. E. Smyth, N. C. Tebbutt
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

3025 Background: The Lewis Y (Ley) carbohydrate antigen is expressed in >70% of epithelial cancers including breast, gastrointestinal and lung cancers. This study explored the biodistribution and pharmacokinetics (PK) of the immunoconjugate CMD-193 (a humanized anti-Ley antibody conjugated with calicheamicin) in advanced Ley expressing cancers. Methods: The primary objectives were to determine biodistribution and PK of CMD-193. Secondary objectives included response rates, toxicity and immunogenicity. Cycle one was trace labeled with 111In for biodistribution assessment, and subsequent cycles were administered every 3 weeks, to a maximum of 6 cycles, depending on toxicity and response. Tumor targeting was assessed using gamma camera and single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) imaging, and PK analysis was based on gamma counting (111In-CMD-193) and ELISA (CMD-193 protein). There were 2 dose cohorts (1.0mg/m2 and 2.6mg/m2), and patients with Ley positive, measurable, advanced and treatment refractory malignancies, were eligible. Results: Nine patients (6 in dose cohort 1, 3 in cohort 2) were enrolled (and received 1–6 cycles of treatment) before the study was terminated. Biodistribution imaging demonstrated initial blood pooling, followed by markedly increased hepatic uptake by day 2 (persisting to day 8), and fast blood clearance. This pattern was seen for all patients and dose levels. There was no significant uptake in tumor visualized in any patient. The overall T 1/2 β of 111In-CMD- 193 was 102.88 ± 35.67 hours, with no statistically significant difference between the 2 dose levels. There was no evidence of free 111In chelate or 111In-CMD-193 complex formation in blood. One patient had a partial metabolic response on 18F-FDG PET after 4 cycles. No radiologic responses were observed. Myelosuppression and effects on liver function were the most significant toxicities, but no severe or unexpected toxicities were observed. Conclusions: CMD-193 demonstrates rapid blood clearance and increased hepatic uptake compared to prior studies of the original non-conjugated antibody. The results of this trial highlight the importance of biodistribution and pharmacodynamic assessment in early phase studies of new biologics to assist in clinical development. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Wyeth
Transplantation Of TcRαβ/CD19 Depleted Stem Cells From Haploidentical Donors In Children: Current Results
Authors: Peter Lang, Tobias Feuchtinger, Heiko-Manuel Teltschik, Michael Schumm, Patrick Schlegel, Matthias Pfeiffer, Martin Ebinger, Carl-Philipp Schwarze, Rupert Handgretinger
Journal: Blood (2013)
Association between EGFR gene copy number and KRAS status and impact on outcome prediction in colorectal cancer patients treated with cetuximab
Authors: N. Personeni, H. Piessevaux, S. Fieuws, F. Di Fiore, W. De Roock, B. Biesmans, J. De Schutter, E. Van Cutsem, S. Tejpar
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

11093 Background: KRAS mutations (mut) occur in 40% of colorectal cancers (CRC) and together with increased EGFR gene copy number (GCN) are determinants of outcome in CRC patients (pts) treated with cetuximab. We aimed to assess whether these two markers are associated and their impact on patients’ outcome. Methods: 87 pts with metastatic CRC treated with cetuximab alone or with irinotecan were concomitantly analyzed for EGFR GCN by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), and for KRAS exon 2 mut status by Taqman. FISH was scored retaining the mean GCN in 100 tumor cells and a ROC curve analysis was fitted to outcome data to define a relevant cutoff for response prediction. A logistic regression model for objective response (OR) and a Cox regression model for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were built. Kaplan-Meier plots were constructed for PFS and OS and compared with the Log rank test. Results: KRAS mut were identified in 33% of pts. Using 2.83 GCN as a cutoff for mean EGFR GCN yielded 74% specificity and 68% sensitivity for OR prediction. A lower mean EGFR GCN was detected in KRAS mut than in KRAS-wild type (WT) tumors (2.26 vs 2.77; Mann-Whitney U test, p=0.022). A logistic regression model with KRAS mut status, EGFR GCN and their interaction indicated that mean EGFR GCN contributes information for OR prediction (p=0.016). Similar findings were observed in a Cox regression model with respect to OS (p=0.005) but not to PFS (p=0.14). In KRAS WT pts, a FISH-positive status was related with longer median OS (13.3 vs 8.4 months, p=0.019) but not with PFS (6.9 vs 4.4 months, p=0.16). An EGFR GCN-KRAS mut interaction was observed for OS (p=0.002) and PFS (p=0.056) indicating that the relation between mean EGFR GCN and survival differs between WT and mut pts. For KRAS mut pts, a mean EGFR GCN ≥2.83 was related with shorter median PFS (2.8 vs 3.9 months, p=0.084) and OS (3.8 vs 7.5 months, p=0.006). Conclusions: KRAS status and EGFR GCN both contain valuable information with respect to outcome prediction. Thus, analysis of EGFR GCN refines outcome prediction in pts with known KRAS status. Importantly, the negative impact of increased EGFR GCN on PFS and OS in KRAS mut pts treated with cetuximab is unexpected and deserves further investigations. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Merck
Women are four times less likely to have curative surgery if breast cancer is diagnosed as emergency rather than urgent GP referral
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Women with breast cancer are four times less likely to have potentially curative surgery if their condition is diagnosed as an emergency rather than through an urgent GP referral, a report from Public Health England and Cancer Research UK has shown.1

On a national level the report looked at how treatment varies in different cancers, depending on the patient’s route to diagnosis. Researchers analysed data on 20 different …
Abstract 2341: Contrast Echocardiography improves Interobserver Agreement for Wall Motion Score Index and Correlation with Ejection Fraction
Authors: Arjen R van de Ven, Tjebbe W Galema, Ron T van Domburg, Wim B Vletter, Boudewijn J Krenning, Folkert J Ten Cate, Marcel L Geleijnse
Journal: Circulation (2006)
Tumor infiltrating dendritic cells (DC) in prostate cancer (PCa): Implications for vaccine therapy
Authors: G. S. Chatta, M. Aalamian, E. Huland, H. Huland, I. Tourkova, G. Shurin, M. Shurin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

4674 Background: The ability of DC to migrate to sites of tumor, capture antigens, migrate to regional lymph nodes, and activate naïve T cells, is key to the induction of in vivo anti-tumor immunity. In fact a correlation between the number of DC infiltrating tumor and a generally more favorable clinical course, has been reported for a number of cancers, including PCa. However, there is little information on the viability and propensity for apoptosis of DC infiltrating tumors in vivo. Here we report on a immunohistochemical analyses of DC from PCa of different pathological stages. Methods: The analyses were conducted in accordance with IRB procedures, on fresh PCa tissue from 18 radical prostatectomy specimens performed at the Dept of Urology, Hamburg, Germany. Patient (pt) characteristics: median age 59 yr; pT2, n=5; pT3, n=10; pT4, n=3. Pts were analyzed as groups of localized (pT2) or advanced (pT3, pT4) PCa along with matched normal prostate tissue. DC distribution in prostatic tissue was assessed with immunohistochemical stains for the following markers: CD83 for mature DC; S100 for tissue DC; and CD1a for immature DC. To evaluate DC apoptosis, double stains were done for S100/TUNNEL in all specimens, and CD83/TUNNEL and CD1a/TUNNEL in some cases. Additional stains for T lymphocytes (CD4 and CD8) and macrophages (CD68) were also performed. The intensity of staining was graded from 0 to 4, and the expression level of markers between groups was compared using non-parametric statistics. Results: The expression of DC markers in pT2 vs pT3–4 tumors was as follows: CD 83, 1.5±0.24 vs 1.0±0.21(p≤ 0.05); S100, 3.5±0.5 vs 0.75±0.37(p<0.01); CD1a, 0.15±0.01 vs 0.93±0.31(p<0.05); CD68, 1.25±0.25 vs 1.92±0.19(p<0.05). Thus mature DC preferentially infiltrate localized tumors and more advanced tumors have an immature DC infiltrate and an excess of macrophages. Two-color staining with S100/TUNNEL demonstrated a DC apoptotic index of 6±2.9 in pT3-T4 PCa vs 1.3±0.9 in pT2 PCa ((p<0.05). Conclusions: Tumor grade determines both DC phenotype, as well as DC apoptosis within tumor tissue (PCa) in vivo. Furthermore, preliminary analysis also reveals an inverse relationship between PSA expression and CD83 expression in tumor samples. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Die Grundlage der Geschwulstlehre.
Authors: K. A. Heiberg
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 9551: Relative Contributions of Genetic Variants in PON1, CYP2C19 And ABCB1 on in-hospital and One Year Clinical Outcomes in Patients Treated with Clopidogrel After an Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Tabassome Simon, Philippe Gabriel Steg, Laurent becquemont, Celine Verstuyft, Salma Kotti, Francois Schiele, Emile Ferrari, Elodie Drouet, Gilles Grollier, Nicolas Danchin
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Clopidogrel with aspirin reduces ischemic events in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Clopidogrel requires drug transport via P-glycoprotein, encoded by ABCB1, and bioact...
Risk factors for sporadic Campylobacter infection: an all-Ireland case-control study
Authors: K Danis, M Di Renzi, W O’Neill, B Smyth, P McKeown, B Foley, V Tohani, M Devine
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2009)

We report the findings of the first case-control study conducted in both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland to determine risk factors for sporadic Campylobacter infections. A total of 197 cases and 296 case-nominated controls matched for age, were included. Based on Population Attributable Fraction (PAF), the most important risk factors were consuming chicken [adjusted matched (am) OR 6.8; 95%CI 2.1-21.9], consuming lettuce (amOR 3.3; 95%CI 1.5-7.1) and eating in takeaways (amOR=3.1; 95%CI 1.4-6.6). Contact with sheep (amOR=11; 95%CI 1.6-78), peptic ulcer (amOR=19; 95%CI 3.8-93.7), hiatus hernia (amOR=20.3; 95%CI 2.3-183.3), lower bowel problems (amOR=4.5; 95%CI 1.2-16.8) were also independently associated with infection. Mains water supply showed protective effect (amOR=0.2; 95 CI 0.1-0.9). The findings highlight the continued need for consumer food safety education and further control measures throughout the food chain on the island of Ireland.
Abstract 16031: Tnni3k is a Novel Modulator of Cardiac Conduction
Authors: Annalisa Milano, Elisabeth M Lodder, Brendon P Scicluna, Albert Y Sun, Hao Tang, Carol Ann Remme, Perry D Moerland, Michael W Tanck, Geoffrey S Pitt, Douglas A Marchuk, Connie R Bezzina
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Mutations in cardiac ion channels lead to rhythm disorders associated with a high risk of sudden cardiac death. Incomplete penetrance and variable clinical expression complicate the management of p...
Lasers; generation of light by stimulated emission.
Authors: Bela A. Lengyel
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
X-Rays and X-Ray Apparatus. An Elementary Course.
Authors: John Kellock Robertson
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Changing hearts and minds
Authors: P Jones
Journal: BMJ (2002)

There is a growing perception that active steps will need to be taken to contain road traffic growth and channel some of the demand for movement into other modes or meet it in non-travel ways. This policy perspective is at the heart of the UK Government's Transport White Paper, which proposes to contain traffic levels by developing an integrated transport system, offering seamless door-to-door travel by combining public transport with other modes, and greater powers for local authorities to restrain car traffic actively. For such policies to succeed, public understanding and widespread support are needed. It will not be easy to 'change hearts and minds', but this approach has succeeded before. This paper first briefly reviews current public attitudes in the UK, and how they have changed during the last decade. It then presents some findings from the INPHORMM project, and considers such projects in relation to wider public communication and involvement initiatives. INPHORMM (INformation and Publicity Helping the Objective of Reducing Motorised Mobility) was funded by the EU; it reviewed over 120 European campaigns that were designed to raise awareness and sometimes change travel behaviour, and evaluated 30 of these case studies in more depth. It also prepared a Resource Pack for Promoting Sustainable Transport. For the covering abstract see ITRD E105245.
Incretin use was not associated with increased risk for acute pancreatitis
Authors: Joel Schectman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Source Citation Thomsen RW, Pedersen L, Moller N, et al. Incretin-based therapy and risk of acute pancreatitis: a nationwide population-based case-control study. Diabetes Care. 2015 Jan. [Epub ahead of print]. 25633664
Eine Studie über Krämpfe (A Study of Convulsions).
Authors: J. Hughlings Jackson, Otto Sittig
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Safer Prescribing: A Guide to Some Problems in the Use of Drugs
Authors: Linda Beeley
Journal: Gut (1977)

This book reports on the papers and discussion at a symposium of which the date and site are unfortunately not men- tioned in the book. (On inquiry, the pub- lishers tell us that it was held at the Welsh National School of Medicine on 7, 8, and 9 July 1975 and that it was a Postgraduate Course in paediatric gastro- enterology organised by J. A. Dodge).It covers development of the gut in the fetus and young children; infancy and its problems; diarrhoea; abdominal pain, and constipation.It conveniently brings together much valuable scattered infor- mation, but the price seems high for a paperback.
Effects of Metformin, Metformin Plus Rosiglitazone, and Metformin Plus Lifestyle on Insulin Sensitivity and β-Cell Function in TODAY
Journal: Diabetes Care (2013)

OBJECTIVE The Treatment Options for type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth (TODAY) trial demonstrated that combination therapy with metformin plus rosiglitazone provided superior durability of glycemic control compared with metformin alone, with significantly lower treatment failure rates (38.6 vs. 51.7%), and metformin plus lifestyle was intermediate. Herein we describe the temporal changes in measures of β-cell function and insulin sensitivity over a 4-year period among the three treatments. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS TODAY participants (699) were tested periodically with an oral glucose tolerance test to determine insulin sensitivity (1/fasting insulin [1/IF]), insulinogenic index (△I30/△G30) or C-peptide index (△C30/△G30), and β-cell function relative to insulin sensitivity (oral disposition index [oDI]). RESULTS During the first 6 months, metformin plus rosiglitazone exhibited a significantly greater improvement in insulin sensitivity and oDI versus metformin alone and versus metformin plus lifestyle; these improvements were sustained over 48 months of TODAY. Irrespective of treatment, those who failed to maintain glycemic control had significantly lower β-cell function (∼50%), higher fasting glucose concentration, and higher HbA1c at randomization compared with those who did not fail. CONCLUSIONS The beneficial change in insulin sensitivity and the resultant lower burden on β-cell function achieved in the first 6 months with metformin plus rosiglitazone appear to be responsible for its superior glycemic durability over metformin alone and metformin plus lifestyle. However, initial β-cell reserve and HbA1c at randomization are independent predictors of glycemic durability. Therefore, efforts to preserve β-cell function before significant loss occurs and to reduce HbA1c may be beneficial in the treatment of youth with type 2 diabetes.