tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Recurrent Ischemic Stroke in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation While Receiving Oral Anticoagulants
Authors: Mette Foldager Hindsholm, Luis Alberto García Rodríguez, Axel Brandes, Jesper Hallas, Birgit Bjerre Høyer, Sören Möller, Mahmut Edip Gurol, Claus Ziegler Simonsen, David Gaist
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2024)

Importance Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) can have an ischemic stroke (IS) despite oral anticoagulant (OAC) treatment. Knowledge regarding the association between OAC discontinuation and the subsequent risk of recurrent IS in patients with AF is limited. Objectives To determine the risk of recurrent IS in patients with AF receiving OAC and to evaluate the association between OAC discontinuation and the risk of recurrent IS. Design, Setting, and Participants This is a nationwide cohort study of patients aged 50 years or older in Denmark who had AF and an IS (entry IS) and were initiating or restarting subsequent OAC treatment after being discharged between January 2014 and December 2021. Patients were followed up for recurrent IS until June 2022. Within this study cohort, a nested case-control analysis was performed in which patients with recurrent IS were matched to patients receiving OAC who had not yet experienced a stroke. Data were analyzed from May 25, 2023, to April 18, 2024. Exposure Use of OAC at the time of recurrent IS or the equivalent date in matched controls based on redeemed prescriptions. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was recurrent IS. Crude and adjusted cumulative incidences of recurrent IS and all-cause mortality were calculated in cohort analyses, and adjusted odds ratios (aORs) were determined for recurrent IS associated with OAC discontinuation in nested case-control analyses. Results The study cohort included 8119 patients (4392 [54.1%] male; mean [SD] age, 78.4 [9.6] years; median (IQR) CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc score, 4.0 [3.0-5.0]). Over a mean (SD) follow-up of 2.9 (2.2) years, 663 patients had a recurrent IS, of whom 533 (80.4%) were receiving OAC at the time of their recurrent IS. The crude cumulative incidence of recurrent IS at 1 year was 4.3% (95% CI, 5.9%-7.1%), and the crude cumulative incidence of all-cause mortality was 15.4% (95% CI, 14.7%-16.2%). Adjusted analysis showed similar results. Patients who discontinued OACs had a higher risk of recurrent IS (89 cases [13.4%], 180 controls [6.8%]; aOR, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.57-2.89) compared with patients still receiving OAC. Conclusions and Relevance The risks of recurrent IS and mortality were high in patients with AF despite secondary prevention with OAC, and OAC discontinuation doubled the risk of recurrent IS compared with patients who continued OAC. This finding highlights the importance of OAC continuation and the need for improved secondary stroke prevention in patients with AF.
Individual thalamic inhibitory interneurons are functionally specialized toward distinct visual features
Authors: Fiona E. Müllner, Botond Roska
Journal: Neuron (2024)

Inhibitory interneurons in the dorsolateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) are situated at the first central synapse of the image-forming visual pathway, but little is known about their function. Given their anatomy, they are expected to be multiplexors, integrating many different retinal channels along their dendrites. Here, using targeted single-cell-initiated rabies tracing, we found that mouse dLGN interneurons exhibit a degree of retinal input specialization similar to thalamocortical neurons. Some are anatomically highly specialized, for example, toward motion-selective information. Two-photon calcium imaging performed in vivo revealed that interneurons are also functionally specialized. In mice lacking retinal horizontal direction selectivity, horizontal direction selectivity is reduced in interneurons, suggesting a causal link between input and functional specialization. Functional specialization is not only present at interneuron somata but also extends into their dendrites. Altogether, inhibitory interneurons globally display distinct visual features which reflect their retinal input specialization and are ideally suited to perform feature-selective inhibition.
Chemokine-mediated cell migration into the central nervous system in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
Authors: Marie Deffner, Tilman Schneider-Hohendorf, Andreas Schulte-Mecklenbeck, Simon Falk, I-Na Lu, Patrick Ostkamp, Louisa Müller-Miny, Eva Maria Schumann, Susan Goelz, Ellen Cahir-McFarland, Kiran T Thakur, Philip L De Jager, Luisa Klotz, Gerd Meyer Zu Hörste, Catharina C Gross, Heinz Wiendl, Oliver M Grauer, Nicholas Schwab
Journal: Cell Reports Medicine (2024)

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) has been associated with different forms of immune compromise. This study analyzes the chemokine signals and attracted immune cells in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) during PML to define immune cell subpopulations relevant for the PML immune response. In addition to chemokines that indicate a general state of inflammation, like CCL5 and CXCL10, the CSF of PML patients specifically contains CCL2 and CCL4. Single-cell transcriptomics of CSF cells suggests an enrichment of distinct CD4
Health Status and Mental Health of Transgender and Gender-Diverse Adults
Authors: Michael Liu, Vishal R. Patel, Sari L. Reisner, Alex S. Keuroghlian
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2024)

This cross-sectional study examines self-reported poor or fair health status, frequent mental distress, and depression among transgender and gender-diverse respondents compared with cisgender respondents to the 2014 to 2022 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System.
Association of Political Assaults With the Health of Transgender and Nonbinary Persons
Authors: Carl G. Streed, Kellan E. Baker, Arjee Javellana Restar
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2024)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Recovery of cardiovascular diagnostic testing in Italy 1 year after coronavirus disease-2019 outbreak compared with other countries in Europe and worldwide: results from the International Atomic Energy Agency INCAPS COVID 2 survey
Authors: Gianluca Pontone, Luca Bremner, Alberico Del Torto, Domenico Albano, Anna Baritussio, Matteo Bauckneht, Alberto Cuocolo, Viviana Frantellizzi, Marco Gatti, Alessia Gimelli, Marco Guglielmo, Lucia Leccisotti, Claudio Marcassa, Vincenzo Russo, Roberto Sciagrà, Michelle C Williams, Nathan Better, Rodrigo Cerci, Andrew D Choi, Sharmila Dorbala, Cole B Hirschfeld, Ganesan Karthikeyan, Thomas N B Pascual, Leslee J Shaw, Todd C Villines, Joao Vitola, Yosef Cohen, Eli Malkovskiy, Michael Randazzo, Yaroslav Pynda, Maurizio Dondi, Andrew J Einstein, Diana Paez
Journal:  (2024)

Recovery of cardiovascular diagnostic testing in Italy after the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has not been quantified. The study aims to describe cardiac diagnostic procedure volumes, centres practice and protocols, and staff members' well-being 1 year after COVID-19 outbreak in Italy.
Thrombolysis before venoarterial ECMO for high-risk pulmonary embolism: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: David Levy, Ouriel Saura, Maria Teresa Passarelli, Manuela Lucenteforte, Guillaume Lebreton, Adrien Bougle, Antoine Monsel, Sofia Ortuno, Yoël Benitha, Nadjib Hammoudi, Benjamin Assouline, Matthieu Petit, Melchior Gautier, Lucie Le Fevre, Marc Pineton de Chambrun, Charles Juvin, Juliette Chommeloux, Charles-Edouard Luyt, Guillaume Hékimian, Pascal Leprince, Alain Combes, Matthieu Schmidt
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2024)
scHolography: a computational method for single-cell spatial neighborhood reconstruction and analysis
Authors: Yuheng C. Fu, Arpan Das, Dongmei Wang, Rosemary Braun, Rui Yi
Journal: Genome biology (2024)

Spatial transcriptomics has transformed our ability to study tissue complexity. However, it remains challenging to accurately dissect tissue organization at single-cell resolution. Here we introduce scHolography, a machine learning-based method designed to reconstruct single-cell spatial neighborhoods and facilitate 3D tissue visualization using spatial and single-cell RNA sequencing data. scHolography employs a high-dimensional transcriptome-to-space projection that infers spatial relationships among cells, defining spatial neighborhoods and enhancing analyses of cell-cell communication. When applied to both human and mouse datasets, scHolography enables quantitative assessments of spatial cell neighborhoods, cell-cell interactions, and tumor-immune microenvironment. Together, scHolography offers a robust computational framework for elucidating 3D tissue organization and analyzing spatial dynamics at the cellular level.
Anti-acetylated-tau immunotherapy is neuroprotective in tauopathy and brain injury
Authors: Celeste Parra Bravo, Karen Krukowski, Sarah Barker, Chao Wang, Yaqiao Li, Li Fan, Edwin Vázquez-Rosa, Min-Kyoo Shin, Man Ying Wong, Louise D. McCullough, Ryan S. Kitagawa, H. Alex Choi, Angela Cacace, Subhash C. Sinha, Andrew A. Pieper, Susanna Rosi, Xu Chen, Li Gan
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2024)

Abstract Background Tau is aberrantly acetylated in various neurodegenerative conditions, including Alzheimer’s disease, frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), and traumatic brain injury (TBI). Previously, we reported that reducing acetylated tau by pharmacologically inhibiting p300-mediated tau acetylation at lysine 174 reduces tau pathology and improves cognitive function in animal models. Methods We investigated the therapeutic efficacy of two different antibodies that specifically target acetylated lysine 174 on tau (ac-tauK174). We treated PS19 mice, which harbor the P301S tauopathy mutation that causes FTLD, with anti-ac-tauK174 and measured effects on tau pathology, neurodegeneration, and neurobehavioral outcomes. Furthermore, PS19 mice received treatment post-TBI to evaluate the ability of the immunotherapy to prevent TBI-induced exacerbation of tauopathy phenotypes. Ac-tauK174 measurements in human plasma following TBI were also collected to establish a link between trauma and acetylated tau levels, and single nuclei RNA-sequencing of post-TBI brain tissues from treated mice provided insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the observed treatment effects. Results Anti-ac-tauK174 treatment mitigates neurobehavioral impairment and reduces tau pathology in PS19 mice. Ac-tauK174 increases significantly in human plasma 24 h after TBI, and anti-ac-tauK174 treatment of PS19 mice blocked TBI-induced neurodegeneration and preserved memory functions. Anti-ac-tauK174 treatment rescues alterations of microglial and oligodendrocyte transcriptomic states following TBI in PS19 mice. Conclusions The ability of anti-ac-tauK174 treatment to rescue neurobehavioral impairment, reduce tau pathology, and rescue glial responses demonstrates that targeting tau acetylation at K174 is a promising neuroprotective therapeutic approach to human tauopathies resulting from TBI or genetic disease.
Individualized dynamic frailty-tailored therapy (DynaFiT) in elderly patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: a prospective study
Authors: Yingjie Zhang, Xinyue Liang, Weiling Xu, Xingcheng Yi, Rui Hu, Xintian Ma, Yurong Yan, Nan Zhang, Jingxuan Wang, Xiaoxiao Sun, Yufeng Zhu, Mengru Tian, Maozhuo Lan, Mengtuan Long, Yun Dai, Fengyan Jin
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2024)

It remains a substantial challenge to balance treatment efficacy and toxicity in geriatric patients with multiple myeloma (MM), primarily due to the dynamic nature of frailty. Here, we conducted a prospective study to evaluate the feasibility and benefits of dynamic frailty-tailored therapy (DynaFiT) in elderly patients. Patients with newly diagnosed MM (aged ≥ 65 years) received eight induction cycles of bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (daratumumab was recommended for frail patients), with treatment intensity adjusted according to longitudinal changes in the frailty category (IMWG-FI) at each cycle. Of 90 patients, 33 (37%), 16 (18%), and 41 (45%) were fit, intermediate fit, and frail at baseline, respectively. Of 75 patients who had geriatric assessment at least twice, 28 (37%) experienced frailty category changes at least once. At analysis, 15/26 (58%) frail patients improved (27% became fit and 31% became intermediate fit), 4/15 (27%) intermediate fit patients either improved or deteriorated (two for each), and 6/30 (20%) fit patients deteriorated. During induction, 34/90 (38%) patients discontinued treatment, including 10/33 (30%) fit, 4/16 (25%) intermediate fit, and 20/41 (49%) frail; 14/40 (35%) frail patients discontinued treatment within the first two cycles, mainly because of non-hematologic toxicity (mostly infections). For fit, intermediate-fit, and frail patients, the overall response rate was 100%, 93%, and 73%, respectively; one-year overall survival was 90%, 75%, and 54%, respectively. Therefore, the individualized DynaFiT is feasible and promising for heterogeneous elderly patients.
Robotic versus laparoscopic hepatectomy for liver malignancies (ROC'N'ROLL): a single-centre, randomised, controlled, single-blinded clinical trial
Authors: Emrullah Birgin, Marie Heibel, Svetlana Hetjens, Erik Rasbach, Christoph Reissfelder, Patrick Téoule, Nuh N Rahbari
Journal: The Lancet Regional Health - Europe (2024)
Advances in CAR-T-cell therapy in T-cell malignancies
Authors: Rubing Zheng, Xiaojian Zhu, Yi Xiao
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2024)

Abstract Significant advances have been made in chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T)-cell therapy for the treatment of recurrent or refractory B-cell hematologic malignancies. However, CAR-T-cell therapy has not yet achieved comparable success in the management of aggressive T-cell malignancies. This article reviews the challenges of CAR-T-cell therapy in treating T-cell malignancies and summarizes the progress of preclinical and clinical studies in this area. We present an analysis of clinical trials of CAR-T-cell therapies for the treatment of T-cell malignancies grouped by target antigen classification. Moreover, this review focuses on the major challenges encountered by CAR-T-cell therapies, including the nonspecific killing due to T-cell target antigen sharing and contamination with cell products during preparation. This review discusses strategies to overcome these challenges, presenting novel therapeutic approaches that could enhance the efficacy and applicability of CAR-T-cell therapy in the treatment of T-cell malignancies. These ideas and strategies provide important information for future studies to promote the further development and application of CAR-T-cell therapy in this field.
Cellular Scale Curvature in Bioceramic Scaffolds Enhanced Bone Regeneration by Regulating Skeletal Stem Cells and Vascularization
Authors: Yang Liu, Yue Wang, Minmin Lin, Hongzhi Liu, Yonghao Pan, Jianqun Wu, Ziyu Guo, Jiawei Li, Bingtong Yan, Hang Zhou, Yuanhao Fan, Ganqing Hu, Haowen Liang, Shibo Zhang, Ming‐Fung Francis Siu, Yongbo Wu, Jiaming Bai, Chao Liu
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Critical-sized segmental bone defects cannot heal spontaneously, leading to disability and significant increase in mortality. However, current treatments utilizing bone grafts face a variety of challenges from donor availability to poor osseointegration. Drugs such as growth factors increase cancer risk and are very costly. Here, a porous bioceramic scaffold that promotes bone regeneration via solely mechanobiological design is reported. Two types of scaffolds with high versus low pore curvatures are created using high-precision 3D printing technology to fabricate pore curvatures radius in the 100s of micrometers. While both are able to support bone formation, the high-curvature pores induce higher ectopic bone formation and increased vessel invasion. Scaffolds with high-curvature pores also promote faster regeneration of critical-sized segmental bone defects by activating mechanosensitive pathways. High-curvature pore recruits skeletal stem cells and type H vessels from both the periosteum and the marrow during the early phase of repair. High-curvature pores have increased survival of transplanted GFP-labeled skeletal stem cells (SSCs) and recruit more host SSCs. Taken together, the bioceramic scaffolds with defined micrometer-scale pore curvatures demonstrate a mechanobiological approach for orthopedic scaffold design.
Effect of the 1-h bundle on mortality in patients with suspected sepsis in the emergency department: a stepped wedge cluster randomized clinical trial
Authors: Yonathan Freund, Marta Cancella de Abreu, Soufiane Lebal, Alexandra Rousseau, Thomas Lafon, Youri Yordanov, Richard Macrez, Fabien Coisy, Pierrick Le Borgne, Florent Femy, Delphine Douillet, Neus Robert Boter, Xavier Eyer, Jean-Baptiste Bouillon-Minois, Carl Ogereau, Donia Bouzid, Hélène Goulet, Mélanie Roussel, Geoffroy Rousseau, Jeremy Guénézan, Celine Occelli, Tahar Chouihed, Gina Osorio Quispe, Marine Clea Renard, Judith Gorlicki, Ben Bloom, Tabassome Simon, Camille Gerlier
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2024)
Cost-effectiveness of non-invasive airway management of comatose patients with acute poisoning
Authors: Bibi Fabiola Ngaleu Siaha, Arnaud Nze Ossima, Maroua Mimouni, Yonathan Freund, Isabelle Durand-Zaleski, Tabassome Simon, Damien Viglino, Marine Cachanado, Clementine Cassard, Emmanuel Montassier, Benedicte Douay, Jeremy Guenezan, Pierrick Le Borgne, Youri Yordanov, Armelle Severin, Melanie Roussel, Matthieu Daniel, Adrien Marteau, Nicolas Peschanski, Dorian Teissandier, Richard Macrez, Julia Morere, Tahar Chouihed, Damien Roux, Frederic Adnet, Ben Bloom, Anthony Chauvin
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2024)
Treatment of positive catheter tip culture without bloodstream infections in critically ill patients. A case-cohort study from the OUTCOMEREA network
Authors: Niccolò Buetti, Jean-Ralph Zahar, Mireille Adda, Stéphane Ruckly, Cédric Bruel, Carole Schwebel, Michael Darmon, Christophe Adrie, Yves Cohen, Shidasp Siami, Virginie Laurent, Bertrand Souweine, Jean-François Timsit, Jean-François Timsit, Elie Azoulay, Maïté Garrouste-Orgeas, Jean-Ralph Zahar, Bruno Mourvillier, Michael Darmon, Niccolò Buetti, Jean-Francois Timsit, Corinne Alberti, Stephane Ruckly, Sébastien Bailly, Aurélien Vannieuwenhuyze, Christophe Adrie, Carole Agasse, Bernard Allaouchiche, Olivier Andremont, Pascal Andreu, Laurent Argaud, Elie Azoulay, Francois Barbier, Jean-Pierre Bedos, Jérome Bedel, Asael Berger, Julien Bohé, Lila Bouadma, Jeremy Bourenne, Noel Brule, Frank Chemouni, Julien Carvelli, Martin Cour, Michael Darmon, Julien Dessajan, Claire Dupuis, Etienne de Montmollin, Marc Doman, Loa Dopeux, Anne-Sylvie Dumenil, Claire Dupuis, Jean-Marc Forel, Marc Gainnier, Charlotte Garret, Louis-Marie Galerneau, Dany Goldgran-Tonedano, Steven Grangé, Antoine Gros, Hédia Hammed, Akim Haouache, Tarik Hissem, Vivien Hong Tuan Ha, Sébastien Jochmans, Jean-Baptiste Joffredo, Hatem Kallel, Guillaume Lacave, Virgine Laurent, Alexandre Lautrette, Clément Le Bihan, Virgine Lemiale, David Luis, Guillaume Marcotte, Jordane Lebut, Bruno Mourvillier, Benoît Misset, Bruno Mourvillier, Mathild Neuville, Laurent Nicolet, Johanna Oziel, Laurent Papazian, Juliette Patrier, Benjamin Planquette, Aguila Radjou, Marie Simon, Romain Sonneville, Jean Reignier, Bertrand Souweine, Carole Schwebel, Shidasp Siami, Romain Sonneville, Michael Thy, Gilles Troché, Fabrice Thiollieres, Guillaume Thierry, Michael Thy, Guillaume Van Der Meersch, Marion Venot, Florent Wallet, Sondes Yaacoubi, Olivier Zambon, Jonathan Zarka, Kévin Grapin, Francois Thouy, Laure Calvet, Kevin Grapin, Guillaume Laurichesse, Martin Cour, Neven Stevic, Mireille Adda, Vanessa Vindrieux, Marion Provent, Pauline Enguerrand, Vincent Gobert, Stéphane Guessens, Helene Merle, Nadira Kaddour, Boris Berthe, Samir Bekkhouche, Kaouttar Mellouk, Mélaine Lebrazic, Carole Ouisse, Diane Maugars, Christelle Aparicio, Igor Theodose, Manal Nouacer, Veronique Deiler, Fariza Nait Sidenas, Myriam Moussa, Atika Mouaci, Nassima Viguier
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2024)

This study aimed to evaluate the impact on subsequent infections and mortality of an adequate antimicrobial therapy within 48 h after catheter removal in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with positive catheter tip culture.
Detecting Small Cell Transformation in Patients with Advanced <i>EGFR</i> Mutant Lung Adenocarcinoma through Epigenomic cfDNA Profiling
Authors: Talal El Zarif, Catherine B. Meador, Xintao Qiu, Ji-Heui Seo, Matthew P. Davidsohn, Hunter Savignano, Gitanjali Lakshminarayanan, Heather M. McClure, John Canniff, Brad Fortunato, Rong Li, Mandeep K. Banwait, Karl Semaan, Marc Eid, Henry Long, Yin P. Hung, Navin R. Mahadevan, David A. Barbie, Matthew G. Oser, Zofia Piotrowska, Toni K. Choueiri, Sylvan C. Baca, Aaron N. Hata, Matthew L. Freedman, Jacob E. Berchuck
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2024)

Histologic transformation to small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a mechanism of treatment resistance in patients with advanced oncogene-driven lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) that currently requires histologic review for diagnosis. Herein, we sought to develop an epigenomic cell-free DNA (cfDNA)-based approach to noninvasively detect small cell transformation in patients with EGFR mutant (EGFRm) LUAD.
Women in STEM becoming independent: Our shared motivation and enthusiasm are our driving force
Authors: Liudmila Andreeva, Lidia Bosurgi, Shu Zhen Chong, Coco Chu, Yejing Ge, Esther Hoste, Kellie A. Jurado, Jette Lengefeld, Archita Mishra, Stefanie Wculek, Arabella Young
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2024)

This year at JEM, we are highlighting women in science by sharing their stories and amplifying their voices. In this Viewpoint, we hear from a cross section of women, across multiple research fields, discussing their science and the process of setting up a lab as an independent researcher.