tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
High-grade serous carcinoma occurring after risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy in <i>BRCA1/2</i> germline pathogenic variant carriers
Authors: Iris A S Stroot, Joost Bart, Harry Hollema, Marise M Wagner, Refika Yigit, Helena C van Doorn, Joanne A de Hullu, Katja N Gaarenstroom, Marc van Beurden, Luc R C W van Lonkhuijzen, Brigitte F M Slangen, Ronald P Zweemer, Encarna B Gómez Garcia, Margreet G E M Ausems, Fenne L Komdeur, Christi J van Asperen, Muriel A Adank, Marijke R Wevers, Maartje J Hooning, Marian J E Mourits, Geertruida H de Bock
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2024)

Abstract Background Risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) effectively prevents high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) in BRCA1/2 germline pathogenic variant (GPV) carriers. Still, some women develop HGSC after RRSO without pathologic findings. This study assessed long-term incidence and risk factors for developing HGSC after RRSO without pathologic findings. Methods BRCA1/2 GPV carriers were selected from Hereditary Breast and Ovarian cancer in the Netherlands (HEBON) cohort. Follow-up data for HGSC after RRSO were obtained from the Dutch Nationwide Pathology Databank (PALGA) and confirmed by histopathological review. Cumulative incidence rates of HGSC were calculated using Kaplan-Meier analyses. Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for factors associated with an increased risk of HGSC following RRSO without pathologic findings. Results A total of 2519 women were included, with a median follow-up of 13.4 years (range: 0.0-27.6). The 20-years cumulative incidence rate of HGSC was 1.5% (95% CI: 0.0-2.1) for BRCA1 and 0.2% (95% CI: 0.0-1.4) for BRCA2 GPV carriers. All women who developed HGSC underwent RRSO after the recommended age. Incomplete embedding of the RRSO specimen (HR: 4.2, 95% CI: 1.4-12.6), higher age at RRSO (HR per year: 1.1, 95% CI: 1.0-1.1), and carrying a BRCA1 GPV (HR: 12.1, 95% CI: 1.6-91.2) were associated with increased risk of HGSC. Conclusions In BRCA1/2 GPV carriers, long-term incidence of HGSC after RRSO without pathologic findings was low. Strict adherence to guidelines regarding timely RRSO followed by complete specimen embedding can further reduce the risk of HGSC in the years following RRSO.
Dimethyl fumarate ameliorates chronic graft-versus-host disease by inhibiting Tfh differentiation via Nrf2
Authors: Fulian Lyu, Huanle Gong, Xiaojin Wu, Xin Liu, Yinghao Lu, Xiya Wei, Chenchen Liu, Yaoyao Shen, Yuhang Wang, Lei Lei, Jia Chen, Shoubao Ma, Hongjian Sun, Di Yu, JingJing Han, Yang Xu, Depei Wu
Journal: Leukemia (2024)
A Case of Typical Eschar in Scrub Typhus
Authors: Kang An, Chaoyao Guo, Shunqiang Luo
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2024)

In the mountainous regions of Yunnan Province, China, local farmers engage in activities in the jungle, and due to inadequate protection, infections with Orientia tsutsugamushi are common. Here, we would like to share a typical image of eschar in scrub typhus for reference by clinical practitioners in areas where scrub typhus is less commonly encountered.
Caffeine-induced fixed drug eruption (FDE): Evidence from a positive patch-test
Authors: Bouraoui Ouni, Ferdaous Chahed, Bahaeddine Dridi, Raoudha Slim, Nedia Ghariani, Nesrine Bensayed, Neila Fathallah
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2024)

Caffeine-induced FDE has not been reported previously. Clinicians should be aware of the possibility of this adverse effect secondary to caffeine present in some foods and drugs.
Dimethyl fumarate and extracorporeal photopheresis combination-therapy synergize in inducing specific cell death and long-term remission in cutaneous T cell lymphoma
Authors: Özge Ç. Şener, Susanne Melchers, Luisa Tengler, Paul L. Beltzig, Jana D. Albrecht, Deniz Tümen, Karsten Gülow, Jochen S. Utikal, Sergij Goerdt, Tobias Hein, Jan P. Nicolay
Journal: Leukemia (2024)
Pathology of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis with particular focus on vascular endothelium and epithelial injury and their therapeutic potential
Authors: Wenying Lu, Alan Teoh, Maddison Waters, Greg Haug, Ilma Shakeel, Imtaiyaz Hassan, Affan Mahmood Shahzad, Anna-Karin Larsson Callerfelt, Lucilla Piccari, Sukhwinder Singh Sohal
Journal: Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2024)
Nanomaterials evoke pyroptosis boosting cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Zhenhua Li, Ziyue Xi, Chuanyong Fan, Xinran Xi, Yao Zhou, Ming Zhao, Lu Xu
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2024)

Cancer immunotherapy is currently a very promising therapeutic strategy for treating tumors. However, its effectiveness is restricted by insufficient antigenicity and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (ITME). Pyroptosis, a unique form of programmed cell death (PCD), causes cells to swell and rupture, releasing pro-inflammatory factors that can enhance immunogenicity and remodel the ITME. Nanomaterials, with their distinct advantages and different techniques, are increasingly popular, and nanomaterial-based delivery systems demonstrate significant potential to potentiate, enable, and augment pyroptosis. This review summarizes and discusses the emerging field of nanomaterials-induced pyroptosis, focusing on the mechanisms of nanomaterials-induced pyroptosis pathways and strategies to activate or enhance specific pyroptosis. Additionally, we provide perspectives on the development of this field, aiming to accelerate its further clinical transition.
A new age for advance care planning and serious illness conversations in oncology
Authors: Finly Zachariah
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2024)

Advance care planning is a process that supports adults at any age or stage of health in understanding and sharing their personal values, life goals, and preferences regarding future medical care.The goal of advance care planning is to help ensure that people receive medical care that is consistent with their values, goals, and preferences during serious and chronic illnesses." 1 Although there has been controversy over whether advance care planning has merit, there is agreement that conversations with patients are critical to eliciting a patient's goals, values, and priorities and ultimately aligning their preferences with care delivery, especially at the end of life. 2,3 There are many challenges in this space.Two key challenges in oncology are (1) prognosticating in an era with increasingly targeted and impactful therapies like Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-Cell Therapy and (2) prioritizing these often lengthy conversations in busy clinics. [4]5][6] In this issue of the Journal, Gensheimer et al. sought to tackle this challenge by leveraging machine learning to assist with prognostication and scaling the impact of the limited oncology workforce by enabling care coaches to have robust serious illness conversations. 7 Gensheimer and the team's well thought-out approach significantly enhanced goals-of-care conversations and rates of advance care planning.Despite the absence of notable improvements in end-of-life utilization metrics, their study approach and outcomes are commendable.As the field moves to utilize artificial intelligence (AI) models to help support care interventions and embed them within care delivery models, the following should be considered.
Dynamic contrast-enhanced and diffusion-weighted MR imaging for predicting tumor growth of sporadic vestibular schwannomas: a prospective study
Authors: Sammy M Schouten, Daniel Lewis, Stefan Cornelissen, Ka-Loh Li, Xiaoping Zhu, Marnix C Maas, Sjoert Pegge, Thijs T G Jansen, Jef J S Mulder, Jérôme J Waterval, Alida A Postma, Omar Pathmanaban, David J Coope, Jolanda M M Derks, Patrick P J H Langenhuizen, Andrew T King, Jeroen B Verheul, Henricus P M Kunst
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2024)

Abstract Background Advanced MR imaging, such as diffusion-weighted (DWI) and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) imaging, may provide valuable noninvasive information on intrinsic tumor biology. This study aims to evaluate apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and DCE-MRI-derived microvascular parameter values (Ktrans, ve, and vp) as potential imaging predictors for future sporadic vestibular schwannoma (VS) growth. Methods In this prospective cohort study, patients with newly diagnosed unilateral sporadic VS and an initial wait-and-scan strategy were enrolled between January 2021 and January 2023. Patients underwent a single timepoint comprehensive MRI protocol, including DWI and DCE-MRI sequences. The estimated values of ADC, Ktrans, ve, and vp were calculated using established pipelines on a voxelwise basis within the delineated tumor region of interest. Associations of the estimated parameter values with volumetric growth were evaluated in uni- and multivariable logistic regression and survival analyses. Results Of the 110 analyzed patients, 70 (64%) exhibited growth during follow-up. A significant correlation was primarily observed between the DCE-MRI-derived parameters and VS growth. The combination of mean Ktrans (P &amp;lt; .001) and ve (P &amp;lt; .001) tumor values provided an internally validated model with an AUC of 0.85 for growth, yielding a sensitivity of 89% and specificity of 73% at the optimized cutoff value. Only the mean ADC values were found to be significantly higher in shrinking tumors (P = .04). Conclusions The strongly significant correlation observed between VS growth and Ktrans and ve tumor values indicate the great potential of the noninvasive DCE-MRI for individualized VS management in clinical practice. External validation is needed to further substantiate these findings.
Genome sequencing reveals novel <i>IKBKG</i> structural variants associated with incontinentia pigmenti
Authors: Neta Pipko, Rachel Youjin Oh, Aiyana Kaplan, Andrea Shugar, Anna Szuto, Miriam Weinstein, Grace Yoon, Roberto Mendoza-Londono, Elena Pope, Ted Young, Christian R Marshall, Gregory Costain, Irene Lara-Corrales, Yiming Wang
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2024)

Through genome sequencing, we identified novel structural variants in the IKBKG gene in two patients affected by incontinentia pigmenti (IP). As a large proportion of patients with IP do not have a molecular diagnosis, new variants remain to be identified. Emerging technologies, such as long-read sequencing, hold promise for further advancing the molecular diagnosis of IP.
Spatial dissection of tumour microenvironments in gastric cancers reveals the immunosuppressive crosstalk between<i>CCL2+</i>fibroblasts and<i>STAT3</i>-activated macrophages
Authors: Sung Hak Lee, Dagyeong Lee, Junyong Choi, Hye Jeong Oh, In-Hye Ham, Daeun Ryu, Seo-Yeong Lee, Dong-Jin Han, Sunmin Kim, Youngbeen Moon, In-Hye Song, Kyo Young Song, Hyeseong Lee, Seungho Lee, Hoon Hur, Tae-Min Kim
Journal: Gut (2024)

Background A spatially resolved, niche-level analysis of tumour microenvironments (TME) can provide insights into cellular interactions and their functional impacts in gastric cancers (GC). Objective Our goal was to translate the spatial organisation of GC ecosystems into a functional landscape of cellular interactions involving malignant, stromal and immune cells. Design We performed spatial transcriptomics on nine primary GC samples using the Visium platform to delineate the transcriptional landscape and dynamics of malignant, stromal and immune cells within the GC tissue architecture, highlighting cellular crosstalks and their functional consequences in the TME. Results GC spatial transcriptomes with substantial cellular heterogeneity were delineated into six regional compartments. Specifically, the fibroblast-enriched TME upregulates epithelial-to-mesenchymal transformation and immunosuppressive response in malignant and TME cells, respectively. Cell type-specific transcriptional dynamics revealed that malignant and endothelial cells promote the cellular proliferations of TME cells, whereas the fibroblasts and immune cells are associated with procancer and anticancer immunity, respectively. Ligand-receptor analysis revealed that CCL2 -expressing fibroblasts promote the tumour progression via JAK-STAT3 signalling and inflammatory response in tumour-infiltrated macrophages. CCL2+ fibroblasts and STAT3 -activated macrophages are co-localised and their co-abundance was associated with unfavourable prognosis. We experimentally validated that CCL2+ fibroblasts recruit myeloid cells and stimulate STAT3 activation in recruited macrophages. The development of immunosuppressive TME by CCL2+ fibroblasts were also validated in syngeneic mouse models. Conclusion GC spatial transcriptomes revealed functional cellular crosstalk involving multiple cell types among which the interaction between CCL2+ fibroblasts and STAT3 -activated macrophages plays roles in establishing immune-suppressive GC TME with potential clinical relevance.
Spatial resolution enhancement using deep learning improves chest disease diagnosis based on thick slice CT
Authors: Pengxin Yu, Haoyue Zhang, Dawei Wang, Rongguo Zhang, Mei Deng, Haoyu Yang, Lijun Wu, Xiaoxu Liu, Andrea S. Oh, Fereidoun G. Abtin, Ashley E. Prosper, Kathleen Ruchalski, Nana Wang, Huairong Zhang, Ye Li, Xinna Lv, Min Liu, Shaohong Zhao, Dasheng Li, John M. Hoffman, Denise R. Aberle, Chaoyang Liang, Shouliang Qi, Corey Arnold
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2024)
Image guided percutaneous revascularization of the coronary arteries
Authors: Mirvat Alasnag, Fawaz Bardooli, Tom Johnson, Alexander G Truesdell
Journal:  (2024)

Abstract The European Society of Cardiology recently updated guidelines on the management of chronic coronary syndromes upgrading the use of intracoronary imaging for complex percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) to a class 1A recommendation. It is essential that the interventional community appreciate the additive value of intracoronary imaging over angiography alone—not only to obtain optimal acute PCI results but also to improve longer-term cardiovascular outcomes. The purpose of this manuscript is to review the latest evidence that informed the recent guideline recommendations and expand on the specific role of the different imaging modalities before, during, and after PCI.
Toward precision medicine: End-to-end design and construction of integrated microneedle-based theranostic systems
Authors: Yiming Qin, Feiyun Cui, Yifei Lu, Peng Yang, Weiming Gou, Zixuan Tang, Shan Lu, H Susan Zhou, Gaoxing Luo, Xiaoyan Lyu, Qing Zhang
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2024)
High CD44 expression and enhanced E-selectin binding identified as biomarkers of chemoresistant leukemic cells in human T-ALL
Authors: Julien Calvo, Irina Naguibneva, Anthony Kypraios, Florian Gilain, Benjamin Uzan, Baptiste Gaillard, Lea Bellenger, Laurent Renou, Christophe Antoniewski, Helene Lapillonne, Arnaud Petit, Paola Ballerini, Stéphane JC. Mancini, Tony Marchand, Jean-François Peyron, Françoise Pflumio
Journal: Leukemia (2024)
LTBK-07. PROGRESSION-FREE AND OVERALL SURVIVAL RESULTS OF ECOG-ACRIN E3F05: A PHASE 3 INTERGROUP TRIAL OF RADIATION ± TEMOZOLOMIDE FOR GRADE II GLIOMAS
Authors: David Schiff, Anne O'Neill, Paul Brown, Minesh Mehta, Caterina Giannini, Robert Jenkins, John Suh, Emad Youssef, Joon Uhm, Pierre Giglio, Robert Cavaliere, Paul Moots, Lynn Ashby, Lawrence Kleinberg
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2024)

Abstract BACKGROUND Both radiation and temozolomide (TMZ) have meaningful single-modality anti-tumor activity against low-grade gliomas. ECOG-ACRIN E3F05 tested whether combined therapy with radiation and temozolomide is more effective than radiation alone in patients with grade II gliomas. METHODS Patients with grade II gliomas (central pathology review performed post hoc), no prior radiation/chemotherapy, and either age &amp;gt; 40, uncontrolled symptoms/seizures, or progression after initial observation were randomized 1:1 to radiation 50.4 Gy alone in 28 fractions (Arm A) versus radiation 50.4 Gy with concomitant and 12 four-week cycles of post-radiation TMZ (Arm B). Randomization was stratified by 1p/19q codeletion status, age, KPS, pre-operative tumor diameter, and contrast enhancement. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS); overall survival (OS), quality of life, cognition, severe toxicities, and impact of codeletion status were secondary objectives. RESULTS The trial opened 1/09. Accrual was stopped in 1/14 after RTOG 9802 reported benefit from the addition of PCV chemotherapy to radiation in grade II gliomas. A total of 172 subjects were enrolled. Median age was 44 (range 19-78) and 54% male. 1p/19q codeletion was present in 44%. NCI CTCAE (version 4) grade 3+ toxicity was more common in participants treated with TMZ: thrombocytopenia (11%) and neutropenia (5%) versus none in the radiation alone arm. With a median follow-up of 117 months, OS was superior in Arm B (HR 0.54, 95% CI 0.31-0.95, stratified log-rank p value 0.03). OS HRs were 0.56 and 0.53 for subjects with and without 1p/19q codeleted tumors, respectively. PFS did not differ between Arms A and B (HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.44-1.28, p = 0.30). Five and ten-year OS were 78% and 70% in Arm B versus 70% and 47% in Arm A. CONCLUSION The addition of temozolomide to radiation improves overall survival in both co-deleted and non-co-deleted grade II gliomas.
Downregulation of Tight Junction Protein <scp>MAGI1</scp> by Interferon‐γ Contributes to Barrier Dysfunction in Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps
Authors: Jing Song, Chaoran Zhao, Enhao Wang, Jing Yuan, Chengshuo Wang, Ming Wang, Luo Zhang
Journal: Allergy (2024)

All data are available in the main text or the Data S1. Data S1. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Utilizing community engagement to define research and clinical priorities for gender-affirming hormone therapy
Authors: Hayley E. Cunningham, Sarah M. Wilson, Heather E. Parnell, Andrew K. Weinhold, Carly E. Kelley
Journal: International Journal of Transgender Health (2024)

Background Transgender and gender diverse (TGD) populations are often excluded from research or inappropriately grouped with other gender modalities despite significant disparities in health and health care. According to models of community-engaged research, involving TGD community members in establishing research priorities can improve the relevance and impact of research for this population. The purpose of this study was to clarify community priorities for research relevant to TGD populations.
Consensus Statement: Recommendations on Actionable Biomarker Testing for Thyroid Cancer Management
Authors: Ozgur Mete, Andrée Boucher, Kasmintan A. Schrader, Omar Abdel-Rahman, Houda Bahig, Cheryl Ho, Olfat Kamel Hasan, Bernard Lemieux, Eric Winquist, Ralph Wong, Jonn Wu, Nicole Chau, Shereen Ezzat
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (2024)

Thyroid cancer management is rapidly changing. The identification of actionable biomarkers through both germline and somatic testing are now an integral part of directing patient management. However, deficiencies and disparities within existing thyroid cancer biomarker test approaches are resulting in inconsistent application for patient care. An expert panel was convened to create consensus biomarker testing algorithms and recommendations on actionable biomarker testing for patients diagnosed with medullary thyroid cancer, non-anaplastic follicular cell-derived thyroid cancer, or anaplastic follicular cell-derived thyroid cancer who may benefit from targeted therapies. A review of international guidelines was performed to determine the current state, and a literature review was carried out to further evaluate the evidence supporting the use of actionable biomarkers in patients diagnosed with thyroid cancer. Thyroid biomarker-related gaps impacting patient care were also discussed, with an emphasis on the importance of a multidisciplinary team approach for optimal patient care. The recommendations are presented with the aim to help physicians navigate the current thyroid cancer biomarker testing landscape with its many challenges, balancing aspirational care with what is practical and feasible in terms of economic realities and jurisdictional constraints. By remaining therapy-agnostic, these algorithms and recommendations are broadly applicable.
Acute Leukemias of Ambiguous Lineage With <scp>MDS</scp>‐Associated Mutations Show Similar Prognosis Compared to Acute Myeloid Leukemia With <scp>MDS</scp>‐Associated Mutations: A Study From the Bone Marrow Pathology Group
Authors: Timothy J. Kirtek, Weina Chen, Jaryse C. Harris, Adam Bagg, Kathryn Foucar, Wayne Tam, Attilio Orazi, Eric D. Hsi, Robert P. Hasserjian, Sa A. Wang, David P. Ng, Tracy I. George, Min Shi, Kaaren K. Reichard, Emily Symes, Xinmin Zhang, Daniel A. Arber, Olga K. Weinberg
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2024)
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation, a tool to transfer healthy longevity
Authors: Marta G Novelle, Beatriz Naranjo-Martínez, Juan L López-Cánovas, Alberto Díaz-Ruiz
Journal: Ageing Research Reviews (2024)

The complex gut microbiome influences host aging and plays an important role in the manifestation of age-related diseases. Restoring a healthy gut microbiome via Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) is receiving extensive consideration to therapeutically transfer healthy longevity. Herein, we comprehensively review the benefits of gut microbial rejuvenation - via FMT - to promote healthy aging, with few studies documenting life length properties. This review explores how preconditioning donors via standard - lifestyle and pharmacological - antiaging interventions reshape gut microbiome, with the resulting benefits being also FMT-transferable. Finally, we expose the current clinical uses of FMT in the context of aging therapy and address FMT challenges - regulatory landscape, protocol standardization, and health risks - that require refinement to effectively utilize microbiome interventions in the elderly.
Metabolically‐Driven Active Targeting of Magnetic Nanoparticles Functionalized with Glucuronic Acid to Glioblastoma: Application to MRI‐Tracked Magnetic Hyperthermia Therapy
Authors: Carlos Caro, José M. Paez‐Muñoz, Manuel Pernía Leal, Marta Carayol, Mónica Feijoo‐Cuaresma, María L. García‐Martín
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Abstract Glioblastoma continues to pose a major global health challenge due to its incurable nature. The need for new strategies to combat this devastating tumor is therefore paramount. Nanotechnology offers unique opportunities to develop innovative and more effective therapeutic approaches. However, most nanosystems developed to treat glioblastomas, especially those based on metallic nanoparticles (NPs), have proven unsuccessful due to their inability to efficiently target these tumors, which are particularly inaccessible due to the restrictions imposed by the blood‐brain tumor barrier (BBTB). Here, an innovative strategy is presented to efficiently target metallic NPs to glioblastomas through glucose transporters (GLUT) overexpressed on the endothelial cells of glioblastoma microvasculature, particularly GLUT1. Specifically, Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (IONPs) are functionalized with glucuronic acid to promote GLUT‐mediated transcytosis which is drastically boosted by inducing mild hypoglycemia. This metabolically‐driven active targeting strategy has yielded unprecedented efficacy in targeting metallic NPs to glioblastomas. Moreover, these IONPs, designed to act as magnetic hyperthermia (MH) mediators, are used to conduct a proof‐of‐concept preclinical study on MRI‐tracked MH therapy following intravenous administration, resulting in significant tumor growth delay. These findings demonstrate unparalleled efficiency in glioblastoma targeting and lay the ground for developing alternative therapeutic strategies to combat glioblastoma.