tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 72: Muscle Metabolomic Changes in a Porcine Model of Hemorrhagic Shock and Resuscitation
Authors: Nancy Witowski, Greg Beilman
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Introduction: Treatment of hemorrhage shock remains a clinical challenge despite decades of study. Investigation of metabolism during hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation may yield novel approaches for intervention strategies. Methods: Pigs underwent a standardized hemorrhagic shock protocol after general anesthesia and instrumentation. Animals were hemorrhaged via IVC cannula, then resuscitated to a goal of 80 mm Hg systolic blood pressure after 45 minutes. Animals were fully resuscitated after 8 hours and weaned and extubated at 24 hours after beginning experiment. Survivors were sacrificed at 48 hours post-hemorrhage. Muscle samples were obtained at baseline (prior to hemorrhage), shock45 (after 45 min of shock), and 8, 23, and 48 h post resuscitation (PR). Muscle samples were processed using a dual-phase extraction process and the water-soluble metabolites examined by 1H and 31P NMR. Results: The phosphocreatine:inorganic phosphate ratio decreases with shock and remains below baseline values at 48 h PR (A). Phosphoesters (glycolytic intermediates) increase during shock and return to levels below baseline at 48PR in successfully resuscitated pigs (B). Non-survivors exhibited higher levels of 1H NMR-visible lipids and of 31P NMR-visible ADP at baseline when compared to survivors (C). Conclusions: Hemorrhage shock induces metabolic changes observable with NMR spectroscopy. Survivors exhibited persistent metabolic changes not resolved at 48 hours. Response to hemorrhage and risk of mortality may be dependent on initial metabolic state.
Legalising active euthanasia and physician assisted suicide
Authors: D. Oliver
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Angiosarcoma of the breast is a malignant tumour of vascular endothelial cells. It is a rare and difficult tumour to treat. The authors report a case of cutaneous radiation-associated angiosarcoma treated with paclitaxel chemotherapy. A few days after drug administration, bleeding of skin lesions was observed and the patient died.
Abstract 591: Leptin receptor long Isoform is Increased and Positively Correlated with Augmented Macrophage Infiltration and Plaque Neovascularization in Carotid Plaques from Neurologically Symptomatic Patients
Authors: Jacob Schneiderman, Amos J Simon, Marco R Schroeter, Isaac Engelberg, Moshe Y Flugelman, Stavros Konstantinides, Katrin Shaefer
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Objectives: Symptomatic carotid plaques are frequently characterized by increased inflammation and neovascularization. As leptin promotes plaque angiogenesis and activates inflammatory cells, and since the leptin receptor (ObR) antigen was demonstrated in advanced atherosclerotic plaques, we undertook a systematic analysis of carotid symptomatic and asymptomatic plaques, quantitatively assessing ObR mRNA expression and immunoreactivity. Moreover, parallel analyses of VEGF 165 , and Mac-1 transcript were performed, to account for plaque angiogenesis and macrophage density , respectively. Methods: Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) plaques were collected from 26 patients undergoing surgery for hemispheric cerebro-vascular symptoms (13), or progressive asymptomatic internal carotid stenosis (13). A representative sample collected from each plaque was used in real-time quantitative (RQ) PCR analysis for ObRl (long), ObRc (common) isoforms, VEGF 165 , and Mac-1 transcripts. All plaques were classified histologically according to the AHA guidelines. Also, immunohistochemistry for von Willebrand factor (vWF) and ObR antigen were performed. Results: All plaques exhibited advanced atherosclerosis, and AHA class V through VI were equally diagnosed in both groups. Interestingly, ObRl transcript levels were preferentially elevated in symptomatic plaques (P&lt;0.03). A similar upregulation was demonstrated for VEGF 165 (P&lt;0.017), and Mac-1 (P&lt;0.013). Immunohistochemical analyses also demonstrated that ObR antigen was significantly augmented in symptomatic plaques (P&lt;0.05), and frequently colocalized with abundance of inflammatory cells. Neovascularization was evident in all plaques, and marginally increased in symptomatic plaques. Conclusions: ObR-1 gene is preferentially upregulated, in clinically symptomatic carotid plaques, and positively correlated with simultaneous augmentation of VEGF 165 and Mac-1 transcript. These data suggest that ObR-1 may be linked with histological features of plaque instability, like neovascularization and macrophage infiltration, shown to be associated with ischemic symptoms from carotid unstable plaques.
Abstract 8621: Factors Associated with Superior Cavopulmonary Connection Timing and Outcomes in Infants with Single Ventricle: A Report from the Pediatric Heart Network's Infant Single Ventricle Trial
Authors: James Cnota, Kerstin Allen, Steven Colan, Wesley Covitz, Eric M Graham, David Hehir, Jami Levine, Renee Margossian, Brian McCrindle, LuAnne Minich, Shobha Natarajan, Marc Richmond, Daphne Hsu
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Factors that influence the timing of the superior cavopulmonary connection (SCPC) have not been well characterized. Studies identifying outcome predictors following the SCPC are contradictory. This analysis aims to identify factors associated with SCPC timing and surgical outcomes. Methods: The Pediatric Heart Network's Infant Single Ventricle trial database was used to identify participants who underwent SCPC. Age at SCPC, length of stay (LOS) and death by age 14 months were evaluated. Potential associated factors included patient demographics, measures from neonatal hospitalization and pre-SCPC visit, SCPC type, and the number of concurrent cardiac surgical procedures. Age at SCPC was analyzed by Cox proportional hazards regression. Natural log LOS was analyzed by multiple linear regression. Models were determined by stepwise selection methods adjusting for clinical site. Results: SCPC was performed in 193 subjects at a median age of 5.2 (IQR 4.2, 6.2) months and weight of 5.9 (IQR 5.3, 6.6) kg. Median LOS was 7 days (IQR 6, 10). There were 3 early deaths (during hospitalization) and 3 late deaths (between SCPC discharge and final 14 month study visit). Factors independently associated with age at SCPC and log LOS include: Other commonly cited factors including type of SCPC, valve regurgitation, ventricular ejection fraction and ventricular end-diastolic pressure were not independently associated with age at SCPC or log LOS. Conclusions: Significant variation among centers, independent of patient factors, highlights the controversy about optimal timing of SCPC. Earlier timing appears to be associated with case complexity and interim morbidities. Factors associated with LOS may offer insights for improving pre-SCPC care and surgical outcome. The risks and benefits of elective SCPC at younger age require further study.
Abstract 19765: Efficacy of the American Heart Association Questionnaire in Identifying Electrocardiographic and Echocardiographic Abnormalities in Young Athletes During Community-based Screening
Authors: Sivajothi Kanagalingam, Aurelio Pinheiro, Hagit Shatkay, Quazi A Rahman, Veronica L Dimaano, Miguel Santaularia-Tomas, Reid Thompson, Jane Crosson, Richard George, Mary Corretti, Joel Brenner, Theodore Abraham
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Abstract: Sudden death in young athletes remains a distressing societal problem. The American Heart Association (AHA) 12-point questionnaire (AHAQuest) has been recommended as a cost-effective init...
The Problem of Integration: Asian People and Diabetes
Authors: David Kelleher, Sharif Islam
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1994)

There is a high prevalence of non-insulin dependent diabetes (NIDD) in some Asian populations in the UK. The study by Mckeigue showed that the prevalence was high amongst the Bangladeshi population. Most doctors were aware of this and concerned that they did not know sufficient about the everyday lives and eating patterns of their patients to advise them about how to adjust their lifestyle to control their diabetes. As non-insulin dependent diabetes is managed by controlling eating, and by tablets which stimulate the production or use of the naturally produced insulin, it is important that the medically prescribed treatment is integrated into the lifestyle because the day to day treatment is in the hands of the patients themselves. The patient has to control his or her eating; decide what to eat, how much to eat, and what not to eat. All diabetic people have to make these decisions in the context of their everyday lives surrounded by other people who are enjoying eating without such restraints. The evidence from this study suggests that the problem is particularly difficult for diabetic. Bangladeshi people. The reason for this appears to be that food plays a very important part in Bangladeshi culture which has many rules restricting what can be eaten and also placing importance on eating certain foods. The problem for them, is to integrate this traditional and religious rule governed system of eating with the system of modern medicine. The aim of this study was to understand and describe the ways in which diabetic Bangladeshi people are attempting this integration.
Abstract 18438: Long Term Left Ventricular Assist Device as Bridge to Heart Transplantation -- is it Really a Bridge?
Authors: Nir Uriel, Sang-Woo Pak, Mauer Biscotti, Bartlomiej Kachniarz, Daniel Sims, Hiroo Takayama, Yoshifumi Naka, Donna Mancini, Ulrich P Jorde
Journal: Circulation (2010)
BIBW 2992, a novel irreversible EGFR/HER1 and HER2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor, for the treatment of patients with HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer after failure of no more than two prior chemotherapies.
Authors: M. H. Schuler, M. M. Uttenreuther-Fischer, M. J. Piccart-Gebhart, N. Harbeck
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

1065 Background: BIBW 2992 is a novel, oral, irreversible EGFR/HER1 and HER2 inhibitor. It has preclinical activity in HER2- positive and triple-negative SUM 149-PT xenograft models, and clinical phase I activity. Efficacy and biomarker results of a phase II study of BIBW 2992 in patients with HER2-negative, hormone receptor (HR)-positive or triple-negative breast cancer are presented. Methods: Patients had HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer (MBC), with progression following no more than two prior lines of chemotherapy. No prior EGFR-targeted therapy was allowed. Patients received 50 mg BIBW 2992 once-daily until disease progression. Tumor assessment was performed every other treatment cycle (q 28 days). The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR) by RECIST in patients with HER2-negative, HR-positive (cohort A), and clinical benefit for ≥4 cycles in triple-negative (cohort B) MBC. Safety data were collected. Biomarker analyses included HER2, ER, PR, EGFR, CK 5, CK 6, and CK 14 status by IHC. Reflex HER2-FISH was performed where necessary. HER2-ECD and EGFR-ECD were assessed at various time points. Results: Fifty patients received treatment, including 29 patients in cohort A and 21 patients in cohort B. No ORs were observed in either cohort. Median PFS was 53 days and 54 days for cohorts A and B, respectively. Three patients with triple-negative MBC had SD for at least 4 treatment cycles, one of them for 12 cycles (median 184 days; range 132–335 days). The most frequently observed BIBW 2992-related side-effects were gastrointestinal and skin- related adverse events, which were manageable by symptomatic treatment and dose reductions. BIBW 2992 pharmacokinetics appear similar to those observed in previously reported phase I trials. Biomarker analyses are currently ongoing. Conclusions: Long-term oral administration of BIBW 2992 was safe in HER2-negative MBC patients. Side-effects mainly affected the skin and gastrointestinal tract, and were manageable. Clinical benefit was achieved in a fraction of triple-negative MBC patients. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Boehringer Ingelheim Boehringer Ingelheim Boehringer Ingelheim Boehringer Ingelheim
Abstract 74: Prognostic markers in Myocardial Infarction complicated by Cardiogenic Shock
Authors: Roland Prondzinsky, Henning Lemm, Michael Swyter, Nicholas Wegener, Susanne Unverzagt, Justin M Carter, Axel Schlitt, Ute Buerke, Martin Russ, Karl Werdan, Michael Buerke
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Objectives . Despite aggressive therapy (including PCI and IABP use), survival following acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock (MI-CS) is poor. Early identification of survivors from non-survivors enables better, patient tailored therapy. We hypothesised that APACHE II scoring and other common markers may provide prognostic information in patients receiving contemporary, PCI based therapy for MI-CS. Methods. We conducted the IABP-shock-trial (a monocentric, prospective, randomized, controlled, IABP intervention trial) and analysed potential prognostic markers amongst the whole study population. Forty consecutive patients with acute MI-CS were enrolled and APACHE II scores, Cardiac index (CI), BNP and IL-6 levels were measured at enrolment and daily for 4 days before correlation with subsequent 28 day mortality. Results . The mean age was 64±1.9 years, 52% were mechanically ventilated, the mean ejection fraction was 27±2.1% and overall 28 day survival was 67%. The initial (on admission to hospital) and serial (over the 4 days) APACHE II scores successfully discriminated between survivors and non-survivors (initial APACHE II scores, 18.1±1.66 and 29.9±2.88, respectively, p&lt;0.05). Following receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis, APACHE II scores were most predictive of survival followed (in order of predictive value) by CI, IL-6 and BNP (Table 1 ). Values for APACHE II scores and cardiac index were significantly predictive of survival. Conclusions . We conclude that both initial and serial APACHE II scores provide reliable prognostic information for MI-CS patients treated with contemporary, PCI centred therapy. Cardiac index was also of some predictive value. However, in contrast to previous data (applicable mainly to chronic heart failure patients), serial BNP values were not predictive of mortality in this cohort of patients. Table 1: ROC analysis
Abstract 2696: Decreased Sympathetic Nerve Activity Increases the Risk of Ventricular Fibrillation in Brugada Syndrome
Authors: Mutsuko Sangawa, Atsuyuki Watanabe, Satoshi Nagase, Nobuhiro Nishii, Kimikazu Banba, Daiji Miura, Kazufumi Nakamura, Kengo Kusano, Tohru Ohe, Shinji Toyonaga, Keiichi Mashima, Takaaki Nakatsu, Shozo Kusachi
Journal: Circulation (2006)
Abstract 15685: Inhibition of Site Specific Phosphorylation of Retinoblastoma Protein by a p38 Inhibitor Decreases Apoptosis, Improves Survival and Prevents Cardiomyopathy Caused by a Mutation in LMNA gene.
Authors: Amina Saqib, Tadashi Tsubouchi, Jill M Koch, Gouqing Song, Timothy A Hacker, Matthew R Wolff
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Mutations in LMNA gene are associated with a wide range of diseases known as laminopathies in which dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a common finding. One such laminopathy is modelled in...
Myocardial CT Perfusion Imaging in a Large Animal Model
Authors: Florian Schwarz, Rabea Hinkel, Elisabeth Baloch, Roy P. Marcus, Kristof Hildebrandt, Torleif A. Sandner, Christian Kupatt, Verena Hoffmann, Bernd J. Wintersperger, Maximilian F. Reiser, Daniel Theisen, Konstantin Nikolaou, Fabian Bamberg
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2013)
Abstract 162: c-fos Protects the Myocardium from Ischemic Injury and Improves Cardiac Function
Authors: Xiangru Lu, Ming Lei, Fuli Xiang, Qingping Feng
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: c-fos is an immediate early response gene. c-Fos proteins form heterodimers with Jun family proteins, and the resulting AP-1 complexes regulate transcription by binding to the AP-1 sequence found in many cellular genes. c-fos is activated in cardiomyocytes following myocardial infarction. However, the role of c-fos in regulating cardiomyocyte survival and cardiac function post myocardial infarction (MI) is not known. In the present study, we hypothesized that c-fos protects the myocardium from ischemic injury and improves cardiac function. Methods and Results: The generation of mice with cardiomyocyte specific c-fos −/ − was achieved by crossing the floxed c-fos mice with mice over-expressing Cre recombinase under the control of α-myosin heavy chain. Wild-type (WT) littermates were used as controls. MI was induced by coronary artery ligation. Infarct size, myocardial apoptosis and cardiac function were determined at 2 days post-MI. While area at risk was similar between the 2 groups, infarct size was significantly increased in c-fos −/ − compared to WT mice (58 ± 4% vs. 44 ± 3%, P&lt; 0.05). Myocardial caspase-3 activity and cytosolic DNA fragments in the peri-infarct region were significantly increased while Bcl-2/Bax protein ratio was significantly decreased in c-fos −/− mice ( P&lt; 0.05). LV pressure volume relationship was assessed in vivo using a Millar pressure conductance catheter. LV end-systolic elastance ( E es ) and +d P /dt max were significantly decreased in c-fos −/− compared to WT mice (1.7 ± 0.4 vs. 5.1 ± 1.0 mmHg/μL; 4776 ± 567 vs. 7006 ± 319 mmHg/s, P&lt; 0.01). Conclusions: Deficiency in c-fos increases infarct size and myocardial apoptosis leading to impaired cardiac function post-MI. Our results suggest that c-fos protects the myocardium from ischemic injury and improves cardiac function.
Abstract 18835: The Histone Deacetylase SIRT1 Modulates STAT3 Activity and Prevents De-differentiation and Proliferation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells
Authors: Jan-Marcus Daniel, Jochen Dutzmann, Sabina Vogel, Christian W Hamm, Daniel G Sedding
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: De-differentiation and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) are hallmarks of vasculo-proliferative diseases. Activation of the class III histone deacetylase SIRT1 has been shown to exert protective effects on vascular lesion progression; however, the molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that SIRT1 exerts specific effects on the differentiation and proliferation of SMCs and investigated the underlying mechanisms. Methods and Results: SIRT1 expression levels were significantly down-regulated in proliferating human coronary SMCs in vitro and in SMCs following wire-induced neointimal lesion formation in the mouse femoral artery in vivo. Over-expression of SIRT1 using adenoviral vector systems or activation of SIRT1 with resveratrol attenuated proliferation of cultured SMCs in a dose dependant manner. In addition, SIRT1 activation induced a more differentiated phenotype of SMCs, which was accompanied by higher expression levels of multiple cytoskeletal and contractile proteins, as determined by proteomic analysis (MALDI-TOF) and subsequent immune blotting as well as qPCR. In a mouse model of wire-induced injury, over-expression of wild type-SIRT1 but not a deacetylase inactive SIRT1-H355A mutant prevented neointimal formation and significantly reduced SMC proliferation at 3 weeks after dilation (neointima/media ratio: pAd control: 1.94 ± 0.31, pAd-SIRT1-H355A 2.04 ± 0.24, pAd-SIRT1-WT 0.56 ± 0.49, n=8, P&lt;0.05). A gene microarray analysis identified STAT3 dependent target genes to be strongly regulated in response to changes in SIRT1 expression levels and SIRT1 activity. Using immunoprecipitation analysis, we confirmed a direct interaction of SIRT1 with the transcription factor STAT3. Mechanistically, deacetylation of STAT3 by SIRT1 significantly prevented transcription of cyclinD1 and survivin in activated SMCs. Conclusion: These data provide evidence that activation of SIRT1 prevents STAT3 signaling in SMCs and holds promise as an excellent therapeutic strategy to target vasculo-proliferative diseases.
Pattern and Management Of Bleeding Complications With Novel Oral Anticoagulants – Results Of The Prospective Dresden Noac Registry (NCT01588119)
Authors: Kati Förster, Franziska Ebertz, Vera Gelbricht, Denise Röllig, Luise Tittl, Christina Köhler, Sebastian Werth, Jan Beyer-Westendorf
Journal: Blood (2013)
Assessment of Sutures for Use in Colonic Surgery: An Experimental Study
Authors: P Durdey, T E Bucknall
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1984)

Following injury, normal colon takes approximately 30 days to regain full breaking strength. This healing period can be lengthened by local infection. Colonic anastomoses are likely to be contaminated by intraluminal organisms, and suture material in such a situation is known to potentiate the development of sepsis. Experiments were designed to evaluate six suture materials used in colonic surgery to determine which retained adequate tensile strength and which excited least inflammatory response. The results indicate that absorbable sutures, with the exception of polydioxanone, lose strength too rapidly for use alone. Braided materials, notably silk, produce a prolonged tissue response and harbour bacteria. Monofilament materials are unreactive and appear least likely to delay healing. Polydioxanone, which is monofilament and absorbable, is recommended for use in the colon.
Trichinellosis acquired in Senegal from warthog ham, March 2009
Authors: J Dupouy-Camet, S Lecam, H Talabani, T Ancelle
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2009)

Three confirmed and three suspected cases of trichinellosis have been reported in France with onset of symptoms in March 2009, linked to consumption of smoked warthog ham in Senegal.
Abstract 3147: Uric Acid Independently Predicted Acute Coronary Syndrome in a Large Cohort of Ethnic Chinese
Authors: Shao-Yuan Chuang, Jonathan Jiunn-Horng Chen, Chih-Cheng Wu, Wen-Harn Pan
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Few studies examine the association between serum uric acid (SUA) and acute coronary syndrome (ACS). We aimed to investigate the association between SUA and ACS in a prospective study of ethnic Chinese. Enrolled were 128569 adults ≥ 20 yrs from 4 MJ Health Checkup Clinics in Taiwan during 1994 –1996, excluding those with heart disease, stroke, renal disease and cancer disease. All physical examination, biochemical test and structured questionnaire were executed in standardized central labs. ACS was defined by main ICD-9 of 410 – 414 from claim data of National Health Insurance for hospitalization and from Death certification registry. Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) between levels of SUA and ACS events. A total of 2049 subjects (Men: 1239/Women: 810) developed ACS during the period from baseline to Dec.31.2002. Men had higher ACS incidence than women (2.84 vs. 1.61 per 1000 person-years [PY]; p &lt; .0001). Independent risk factors of ACS unfolded from this study included age, male sex, waist circumference, body mass index, triglycerides, total-cholesterol, hypertension, diabetes, uric acid, and current smoking. The crude incidences of ACS were 1.27, 2.06, 3.27 and 4.61 per 1000 PY in that order for four consecutive SUA groups (group1: &lt;5.0 mg/dl; group 2: 5.0 – 6.9 mg/dl; group 3: 7.0 – 8.9 mg/dl; group 4: ≥9.0 mg/dl) (p-value for trend &lt;.0001). Compared to group1, the multi-variate adjusted HRs (95% Confidence intervals) were 1.14 (0.92, 1.42) for group 2, 1.38 (1.10, 1.72) for group 3 and 1.38 (1.10, 1.72) for group 4 among men, and 1.03 (0.87, 1.22), 1.30 (1.05, 1.62) and 1.43 (0.99, 2.05) among women after adjusting for age, systolic/diastolic BP, body mass index, triglycerides, total cholesterol, diabetes, smoking, alcohol drinking, physical activity, and occupation. One standard deviation increase in SUA corresponded to around 30% ACS risk increase in women (HR=1.33; 1.04 –1.70) and 60% in men (HR=1.59; 1.25–2.03). Baseline SUA level independently predicts the development of ACS and should be considered as a potential risk factor of ACS.