tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
428P: Real-world effectiveness and cost-utility analysis of second-line immunotherapy for non-oncogene-addicted advanced non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: S. Sawasdisara, N. Chitpim, A. Khunakorncharatphong, C. Horugsa, R. Preedachitkul, V. Srinonprasert, L. Thamlikitkul
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2025)
422P: Acute pneumonitis in patients receiving thoracic radiotherapy and pre-treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors
Authors: F. Colombo, M. Galaverni, C. Dell’Anna, E. Lattanzi, M.L. Bergamini, C. Grondelli, G. Ceccon, F. Salaroli, S. Gianni, I. Renna, G. Mazzaschi, A. Leonetti, M. Tiseo, N. D’Abbiero, A. Bruni, N. Simoni
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2025)
How growing up without siblings affects the adult brain and behaviour in the CHIMGEN cohort
Authors: Jie Tang, Jing Zhang, Wei Li, Meiyun Wang, Jingliang Cheng, Bing Zhang, Wenzhen Zhu, Shijun Qiu, Guangbin Cui, Yongqiang Yu, Weihua Liao, Hui Zhang, Bo Gao, Xiaojun Xu, Yunjun Yang, Tong Han, Zhenwei Yao, Quan Zhang, Wen Qin, Feng Liu, Meng Liang, Sijia Wang, Qiang Xu, Jiayuan Xu, Jilian Fu, Yuan Ji, Nana Liu, Peng Zhang, Dapeng Shi, Caihong Wang, Su Lui, Zhihan Yan, Feng Chen, Wen Shen, Yanwei Miao, Dawei Wang, Junfang Xian, Xiaochu Zhang, Kai Xu, Xi-Nian Zuo, Longjiang Zhang, Zhaoxiang Ye, Zuojun Geng, Jia-Hong Gao, Chunshui Yu, Quan Zhang, Junping Wang, Xue Zhang, Xinjun Suo, Congcong Yuan, Hui Xue, Tianying Gao, Junpeng Liu, Yanjun Li, Xi Guo, Lixue Xu, Jiajia Zhu, Huaigui Liu, Fangshi Zhao, Jie Sun, Yongjie Xu, Huanhuan Cai, Yaodan Zhang, Yongqin Xiong, Xianting Sun, Nannan Pan, Xue Zhang, Jiayang Yang, Ya Wen, Dan Zhu, Bingjie Wu, Wenshuang Zhu, Qingqing Diao, Yujuan Cao, Bingbing Yang, Lining Guo, Yingying Xie, Jiahui Lin, Zhimin Li, Yan Zhang, Kaizhong Xue, Zirui Wang, Junlin Shen, Xuejun Zhang, Hao Ding, Qian Su, Mulin Jun Li, Shijie Zhang, Lun Ma, Yan Bai, Min Guan, Wei Wei, Peifang Miao, Fuhong Duan, Yafei Guo, Weijian Wang, Long Jiang Zhang, Lijuan Zheng, None Lilin, Yunfei Wang, Han Zhang, Xinyuan Zhang, Zhao Qing, Sichu Wu, Junxia Wang, Yi Sun, Yang He, Xi-Nian Zuo, Zhe Zhang, Yin-Shan Wang, Quan Zhou, Tian Tian, Yi Liang, Yujie Liu, Hui Zeng, Jingxian Chen, Haitao Ge, Peng Xu, Cailuan Lu, Chen Wu, Xiaoying Yang, Yuzhao Wang, Yankai Wu, Xuran Feng, Ling Li, Duo Gao, Rujing Zha, Ying Li, Lizhuang Yang, Ying Chen, Ling Zuo, Jianqiao Ge, Guoyuan Yang, Wen Wang, Linfeng Yan, Yang Yang, Jin Zhang, Qian Wang, Xiaoxia Qu, Ying Wang, Fei Yuan, Li Hu, Jizhen Li, Weiwei Wang, Yujing Zhou, Miaomiao Long, Lihua Liu, Xiaohu Li, Xiaoshu Li, Jiance Li, Nengzhi Xia, Weihua Liao, Shuai Yang, Youming Zhang, Jing Zhang, Guangyao Liu, Laiyang Ma, Xiaochun Wang, Ying Lei, Bo Gao, Gang Zhang, Kang Yuan, Jingjing Xu, Xiaojun Guan, Yuankai Lin, Hui Juan Chen, Yuchuan Fu, Yi Lu, Jun Guo, Hao Lu, Yue Wu
Journal: Nature Human Behaviour (2025)
423P: Toxicity and survival following lung radiotherapy in patients with interstitial lung abnormalities and interstitial lung disease
Authors: S.C. Bowen Jones, G. Gurumurthy, A. Lodhi, J. Mercer, A. Umar, X. Wang, C. Hayton, D. Abdulwahid, C. Barker, K. Banfill, N. Bayman, C. Chan, J. Coote, M. Harris, J. King, L. Pemberton, H. Sheikh, D. Woolf, A. Salem, C. Faivre-Finn
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2025)
419P: Predictors and outcomes of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) patients following severe immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) toxicity: A real-world UK multi-centre study
Authors: U. Mahmood, E. Josephides, M. Chitnis, M. Skwarski, S. Gennatas, S. Ghosh, J. Spicer, E.M. Karapanagiotou, T. Ahmad, M.D. Forster, M. Jamal-Hanjani, S. Benafif, C. Swanton, S.M. Lee, D. Papadatos-Pastos, A. Georgiou, N.A. Coupe
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2025)
420P: Predictive value of inflammatory scores for the development of clinical complications in lung cancer: A prospective study by the European Lung Cancer Working Party (ELCWP)
Authors: I. Oueslati, P. Kristanto, L. Ruelle, V. Durieux, N. Leclercq, T. Berghmans, A.P. Meert, M. Brandão
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2025)
416P: Application of artificial intelligence: Machine learning for survival prediction in non-small cell lung cancer with brain metastases
Authors: J. Giner, P. Ribera Fernandez, L. Vila Martinez, A. Ribas Bravo, O. Cano Cano, P. Andreu Cobo, M. Sierra Boada, M. Fragio Gil, S. Soriano, A. Carrasco
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2025)
418P: Low fT3/fT4 ratio as a proxy for muscle wasting in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with first-line pembrolizumab: A metabolic multi-omic analysis
Authors: L. Belluomini, I. Trestini, I.M. Scaglione, S. Eccher, L. Pasqualin, M. Sposito, D. Tregnago, A. Avancini, J. Insolda, L. Confortini, A. Dodi, A. Stefani, M. Cintoni, I. Sperduti, M.C. Mele, F. Loupakis, M. Tiseo, E. Bria, M. Milella, S. Pilotto
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2025)
Immunological In Vitro Assay for Quantification of Adjuvanted Allergoids
Authors: S. Schlünder, J. Echternach, D. Bartel, V. Mahler, M. D. Mühlebach, F. Führer
Journal: Allergy (2025)

ABSTRACT Background Many IgE‐mediated allergic disorders can be treated with allergen immunotherapy (AIT). In order to improve safety and efficacy, some AIT products contain allergen extracts which are chemically cross‐linked to generate allergoids and are adsorbed to aluminum hydroxide adjuvant. The modification and adsorption impair accessibility of the protein and quantification of the allergoid content. Methods An ELISA‐like assay to quantify the allergoid content in adjuvanted grass pollen allergoid AIT products (from here on called: AIT drug products; AIT‐DPs) was developed using a fluorescence detection system. The high density of the aluminum hydroxide particles enabled pelleting the antigen complexes by centrifugation. Rabbit anti‐grass pollen allergoid sera or a mouse anti‐Phl p 5 monoclonal antibody (mAb) was used as the primary antibody. Protein content of the samples was quantified by nitrogen analysis. Results High specificity of the primary antibodies was confirmed by isoelectric focusing, gel‐electrophoresis, and immunoblotting. Performance of the allergoid content assay was demonstrated in grass pollen AIT‐DPs with high specificity and low/absent cross‐reactivity with tree pollen or mite AIT‐DPs. It was used to confirm batch‐to‐batch consistency and allergoid content of distinct grass pollen AIT‐DPs. Overall, in relation to their total protein content, the allergoid content ranged between 0.8 and 2.1 relative to an in‐house reference for all grass pollen AIT‐DPs, whereas use of mAb revealed product‐specific differences in the Phl p 5 amount. Additionally, the assay detects product alteration by heat stress. Conclusion The described assay is suitable to quantify the allergoid content and quality of allergoids in complex with aluminum hydroxide. It is suitable for animal‐free final product testing in vitro, for example, for batch release to ensure the quality of AIT‐DPs.
Head‐To‐Head Comparison of Biologic Efficacy in Asthma: What Have We Learned?
Authors: Brian J. Lipworth, Robert Greig, Rory Chan, Chris RuiWen Kuo, Catherine Jackson
Journal: Allergy (2025)

We performed an in-depth appraisal of indirect head-to-head comparisons of biologics approved for asthma, including anti-IL5/5Rα (mepolizumab, benralizumab), anti-IL4Rα (dupilumab), anti-TSLP (tezepelumab) and anti-IgE (omalizumab), which was neither a systematic review nor a meta-analysis. A crude evaluation of 95% CI's for rate ratios which excluded unity revealed greater overall reductions in annualised exacerbations with dupilumab versus either mepolizumab or benralizumab and also with tezepelumab versus benralizumab. Furthermore in patients with eosinophils ≥ 300/μL exacerbation rates were lower for tezepelumab, dupilumab and mepolizumab versus benralizumab; and with eosinophils< 150/μL for tezepelumab versus dupilumab. For lung function, no overall differences in FEV1 response were observed between drugs where there was considerable heterogeneity of overlapping 95% CI's. Dupilumab was superior to benralizumab for oscillometry-derived peripheral lung resistance and compliance, as well as for attenuation of mannitol airway hyperresponsiveness. There were no differences in asthma control or quality of life scores where the effect sizes were small, along with wide overlaps in 95% CI's. There is an unmet need for prospective pragmatic randomised controlled trials to directly compare biologics, especially to assess clinical remission in both type 2 high and low asthma patients. Real-life studies might also evaluate complete remission with different biologics to include outcomes such as inhaled corticosteroid sparing, small airways dysfunction using oscillometry, abolition of airway hyperresponsiveness and to assess mucus plugging and remodelling as wall thickening with imaging.
Management of congenital ichthyoses: Guidelines of care: Part One: 2024 Update
Authors: Juliette Mazereeuw-Hautier, Amy S Paller, Isabelle Dreyfus, Eli Sprecher, Edel O'Toole, Christine Bodemer, Masashi Akiyama, Andrea Diociaiuti, Maya El Hachem, Judith Fischer, Rogelio Gonzalez-Sarmiento, Carlos Gutiérrez-Cerrajero, Hagen Ott, Cristina Has, Nathalie Jonca, Céline Granier Tournier, Sarah Milesi, Hélène Texier, Ana Martinez, Heiko Traupe, Carmen Maria Salavastru, Matthias Schmuth, Kathrin Giehl, Mandy Aldwin, Ruth Anton Morales, Saturnino Santos, Marie-Anne Morren, Anne Audouze, Raman Malhotra, Karin Veldman, Joanna Narbutt, Kira Süßmuth, Angela Hernandez-Martin, Antoni Gostynski
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2025)

In 2019, a group of experts published the first European guidelines for the management of congenital ichthyoses after a multidisciplinary expert meeting held in 2016. An update of these guidelines and literature search was planned every 5 years, given the clinical, molecular and therapeutic advances, including the use of biologic therapies. We present here updated guidelines that have been developed by a reorganized multidisciplinary group of international experts after systematic review of recent literature, discussions, and consensus reached at an expert conference held in June 2023. The guidelines provide summarized evidence and expert-based recommendations that aim to guide clinicians in the management of these rare and often complex diseases. These guidelines consist of two sections. This Part One covers topical and systemic therapies (including oral retinoids, biologics, Janus kinase Inhibitors (JAKI)), future therapeutic approaches, psychosocial management, telemedicine, communicating the diagnosis/genetic counseling, prenatal diagnosis and preimplantation genetic testing.
Comparing waist circumference with body mass index on obesity-related cancer risk: a pooled Swedish study
Authors: Ming Sun, Christel Häggström, Marisa Da Silva, Innocent B Mboya, Ylva Trolle Lagerros, Karl Michaëlsson, Sven Sandin, Jerzy Leppert, Sara Hägg, Sölve Elmståhl, Patrik K E Magnusson, Stefan Söderberg, Weiyao Yin, Abbas Chabok, Angela Wood, Tanja Stocks, Josef Fritz
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2025)

General adiposity, assessed by body mass index (BMI), is a well-established cancer risk factor. This study compared waist circumference (WC), a measure of abdominal adiposity, with BMI as a risk factor for obesity-related cancers, and assessed whether WC provides additional information beyond BMI. We analyzed data from 339 190 individuals in a pooled Swedish cohort with baseline BMI and WC assessments from 1981-2019 (61% objectively measured, mean age 51.4 years). Cancer diagnoses were obtained from the Swedish Cancer Register. Hazard ratios (HRs) for WC and BMI were calculated using multivariable-adjusted Cox regression. To account for WC's greater variability, we corrected HRs using regression dilution ratios. To assess WC's additional contribution beyond BMI, we analyzed WC residuals in multivariable, BMI-adjusted models. During a median follow-up of 13.9 years (interquartile range: 8.0-22.5), 18 185 IARC-established obesity-related cancers were recorded. In men, a 1-standard deviation (SD) increase in WC was associated with a 25% higher risk of obesity-related cancers (HR1-SD=1.25, 95% CI = 1.21-1.30), compared to a 19% increase for BMI (HR1-SD=1.19, 95% CI = 1.15-1.23, pheterogeneity=0.014). Among women, associations were weaker and similar for both WC (HR1-SD=1.13, 95% CI = 1.11-1.16) and BMI (HR1-SD=1.13, 95% CI = 1.11-1.15, pheterogeneity=0.357). WC residuals were more strongly associated with obesity-related cancer risk in men (HR1-SD=1.09, 95% CI = 1.06-1.12) than in women (HR1-SD=1.03, 95% CI = 1.02-1.05). Including additional 6893 potential obesity-related cancers yielded similar patterns of associations. WC is a stronger risk factor than BMI for obesity-related cancer in men, conveying additional risk information, whereas this is less evident in women.
Comprehensive Genomic Analysis Reveals Novel Transposable Element-Derived MicroRNA Regulating Caste Differentiation in Honeybees
Authors: Yan Jiang, Jingsong Hu, Yaohui Li, Xiangyou Tang, Xiaomei Peng, Linxuan Xie, Huali Song, Zeyang Zhou, Jinshan Xu
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2025)

The honeybee (Apis mellifera) is a highly social insect whose caste differentiation is regulated by epigenetic mechanisms, representing a classic example of phenotypic plasticity in social insects. Although the importance of transposable elements in epigenetic research is well-recognized, their specific role in honeybee caste differentiation has not been fully explored. This study reveals a novel regulatory mechanism where the miRNA ame-mir-3721-3p, derived from ApME (Apis miniature inverted-repeat TEs), suppresses DNA methyltransferase gene DNMT3, promoting queen-like development in honeybee larvae. Genome-wide analysis identified 43 ApME elements in Apis mellifera, with ApMETm15 being particularly abundant and species-specific. These elements gave rise to 6 miRNAs, including ame-mir-3721-3p which showed notable regulatory potential. Target gene prediction and luciferase reporter assays confirmed that ame-mir-3721-3p binds to and suppresses DNMT3 expression. Spatiotemporal expression analysis indicated that ame-mir-3721-3p is significantly upregulated during the critical L3 larval stage, exhibiting a similar expression pattern to DNMT3. Larval feeding experiments with agomir demonstrated that ame-mir-3721-3p suppresses DNMT3 expression and significantly impacts the expression of genes related to the juvenile hormone and ecdysone pathways. Further physiological evidence showed that when larvae were treated with agomir-3721 during the critical caste differentiation window (L3-L4 stage), the emerging adult bees exhibited increased body size, doubled ovarian area, and significantly higher frequency of ovary development, with significant upregulation of ovarian-specific marker genes. These findings provide direct evidence for ame-mir-3721-3p's role in promoting queen-like developmental trajectories during caste differentiation, uncovering a new regulatory pathway in honeybee development and offering insights into epigenetic mechanisms in social insects.
Functional decline of a bitter receptor gene in New World vultures
Authors: Ling Xiang, Yanhong Chen, Haohao Jing, Yingcan Li, Chen Huang, Qin Lu, Huabin Zhao
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2025)

The bitter taste perception, crucial for avoiding harmful foods, is mediated by Tas2r taste receptors in vertebrates. Vultures are obligate scavengers of considerable conservation concern, consisting of Old World and New World vultures. While vultures primarily subsist on carrion, which contains various bitter secondary metabolites produced by microbes, their ability to sense bitterness remains unclear. In this work, we identified all Tas2r genes from the genomes of 6 vultures and 22 other Accipitriformes birds. Our analysis revealed that every species, except the osprey, possessed intact Tas2r1 and Tas2r2 genes. We observed the lack of genetic divergence in Tas2r1 among all species and a relaxation of functional constraint in Tas2r2 in New World vultures. Molecular docking simulations revealed reduced binding affinity of Tas2r2 in New World vultures after testing 843 bitter compounds. Additionally, we conducted cell-based functional assays for Tas2r2 to assess its responsiveness to 24 natural bitter compounds with diverse chemical structures, and confirmed lower responsiveness in New World vultures compared to other birds. These findings suggest a functional decline of bitter taste perception in New World vultures, not observed in Old World vultures, aligning with functional relaxation and reduced binding affinity of Tas2r2 predicted in New World vultures. The functional decline of bitter taste may compromise their natural defense against synthetic bitter pesticides or veterinary drugs, highlighting the potential risks faced by New World vultures in contemporary environments.
Clinical, Epidemiological, Virological Characteristics and Outcomes of 286 Patients Infected With Monkeypox Virus in China
Authors: Hankun Hu, Yang Zheng, Lianguo Ruan, Yamin Liu, Yeqing Tong, Yaokai Chen, Ke Liang, Li Zhou, Wu Chen, Yixin Hu, Wei Song, Feng Lv, Yaodong Ping, Kaiwen Fang, Nan Zhang, Hongxia Wei, Cezmi A. Akdis, Ping Ma, Yadong Gao
Journal: Allergy (2025)

Monkeypox virus (mpox) outbreak since 2022 has already constituted a public health emergency of international concern. A comprehensive study on epidemiological features, symptoms and signs, complications, sequelae, and clinical outcomes has been lacking. Accordingly, we performed a large-scale multicenter study to comprehensively summarize the clinical, epidemiological, behavioral, laboratory, virological characteristics, and treatment-related outcomes of mpox in China. In this multicenter hospital-based retrospective study, demographic information, clinical characteristics, laboratory results, hospitalization records, prescribed medications, and clinical outcomes were extracted from the electronic medical records of 286 confirmed mpox cases from five regions of China. An approximately 1:1 ratio of HIV-positive (52.1%) and HIV-negative was found, with an overall median age of 32 years (IQR 27-37). Most patients were male (99.3%), lived in urban areas (86.0%), single (72.6%), and had a college degree or higher (62.0%). Men having sex with men (MSM) was the predominant sexual orientation (83.0%), and sexual contact was the most likely mode of exposure (85.4%). 17 (9.6%) patients reported a history of smallpox vaccination. Hundered and seven patients had at least one co-morbid other sexually transmitted infection. Fourteen patients had a self-reported history of allergy. Significant differences were found between HIV-negative and HIV-positive mpox in the proportion of MSM, anal and perianal pain, levels of AST, CRP, CD4+ T-cell, CD8+ T-cell, NK-cell levels, and clinical outcomes. MSM individuals with an interquartile age range of 27-37 years, particularly from coastal or developed regions of China, were identified as "main affected population" for mpox prevention and control. HIV infection may contribute to more severe mpox manifestations, characterized by elevated AST and CRP levels, reduced CD4 + T-cell and NK-cell counts, and unfavorable clinical outcomes with increased mortality.
A Proposal for a New Pathogenesis-guided Classification for Inherited Epidermal Differentiation Disorders
Authors: Ángela Hernández-Martín, Amy S Paller, Eli Sprecher, Masashi Akiyama, Céline Granier Tournier, Mandy Aldwin-Easton, Christine Bodemer, Keith Choate, Judith Fischer, Antoni Gostynski, Alain Hovnanian, Akemi Ishida-Yamamoto, Edel A O’Toole, Matthias Schmuth, Janice Schwartz, Gianluca Tadini, Joyce Teng, Juliette Mazereeuw-Hautier
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2025)

The Reclassifying Epidermal Differentiation Disorders Initiative (REDDI) task force has introduced a pathogenesis-based classification for Epidermal Differentiation Disorders (EDDs) to address limitations in the previous terminology. Replacing older terms, the updated classification groups EDDs by protein function and promotes genotyping, offering potential for targeted treatments. EDDs are now categorized as nonsyndromic (nEDD), syndromic (sEDD), or palmoplantar-focused (pEDD). This system supports healthcare providers, patients, and caregivers in diagnosis and treatment, with the goal of improving clinical outcomes through periodic updates as new genetic insights emerge.
Trump watch: HIV/AIDS research sent into crisis, growing hostility to mRNA vaccines, and more
Authors: Mun-Keat Looi, Owen Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2025)

Another week of cuts and announcements from the Trump administration has continued the storm around health, medicine, and research in the US and globally. <b>Mun-Keat Looi </b>and <b>Owen Dyer</b> report
Pulsed Field or Cryoballoon Ablation for Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Tobias Reichlin, Thomas Kueffer, Patrick Badertscher, Peter Jüni, Sven Knecht, Gregor Thalmann, Nikola Kozhuharov, Philipp Krisai, Corinne Jufer, Jens Maurhofer, Dik Heg, Tiago V Pereira, Felix Mahfoud, Helge Servatius, Hildegard Tanner, Michael Kühne, Laurent Roten, Christian Sticherling
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2025)

BackgroundPulmonary-vein isolation is an effective treatment for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Pulsed field ablation (PFA) is a nonthermal ablation method with few adverse effects beyond the myocardium. Data are lacking on outcomes after PFA as compared with cryoballoon ablation as assessed with continuous rhythm monitoring.MethodsIn this randomized noninferiority trial in Switzerland, we randomly assigned patients with symptomatic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in a 1:1 ratio to undergo PFA or cryoablation. All the patients received an implantable cardiac monitor to detect atrial tachyarrhythmias. The primary end point was the first recurrence of an atrial tachyarrhythmia between day 91 and day 365 after ablation. We assessed noninferiority using a margin of 20 percentage points for the difference in the cumulative incidence of recurrence. The safety end point was a composite of procedure-related complications.ResultsA total of 105 patients were assigned to undergo PFA, and 105 were assigned to undergo cryoablation. A recurrence of atrial tachyarrhythmia was observed between day 91 and day 365 in 39 patients in the PFA group and in 53 patients in the cryoablation group (Kaplan–Meier cumulative incidence, 37.1% and 50.7%, respectively; between-group difference, −13.6 percentage points; 95% confidence interval, −26.9 to −0.3; P<0.001 for noninferiority, P=0.046 for superiority). The safety end point occurred in 1 patient (1.0%) with PFA and in 2 patients (1.9%) with cryoablation.ConclusionsAmong patients with symptomatic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, PFA was noninferior to cryoballoon ablation with respect to the incidence of a first recurrence of atrial tachyarrhythmia, as assessed by continuous rhythm monitoring. (Funded by Inselspital and others; SINGLE SHOT CHAMPION ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT05534581.)