tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Oxaliplatin-Based Versus Alkylating Agent in Neuroendocrine Tumors According to the O <sup>6</sup> -Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase Status: A Randomized Phase II Study (MGMT-NET)
Authors: Thomas Walter, Thierry Lecomte, Julien Hadoux, Patricia Niccoli, Léa Saban-Roche, Elisabeth Gaye, Rosine Guimbaud, Mathieu Baconnier, Vincent Hautefeuille, Christine Do Cao, Caroline Petorin, Olivia Hentic, Marine Perrier, Thomas Aparicio, Jean-Yves Scoazec, Maxime Bonjour, Benjamin Gibert, Valérie Hervieu, Delphine Poncet, Marc Barritault, Laura Gerard, Alice Durand
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2024)

Alkylating agents (ALKY) are the main chemotherapies used for advanced neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). O6-Methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) status, as proficient (p) or deficient (d), may predict the response to ALKY. MGMT-NET (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03217097) was a phase II trial randomly assigning 1:1 for pMGMT or 2:1 for dMGMT-NETs to either ALKY or oxaliplatin (Ox). Inclusion criteria were a confirmed advanced pancreatic, thoracic, or unknown primary NETs with an indication for chemotherapy and tissue available. The primary aim was to detect a difference of 35% between the 3-month objective response rate (ORR) in pMGMT-NETs versus in dMGMT-NETs when treated with ALKY. A biomarker-stratified design was performed to compare ALKY and Ox in the dMGMT and pMGMT strata for the secondary end points. dMGMT was defined using pyrosequencing (PSQ; methylated MGMT ≥9%) and using immunochemistry (H-score of MGMT <50) when PSQ was not interpretable. From October 2018 to October 2021, 105 patients (55 pancreas, 38 thorax, 12 unknown) started either ALKY (n = 62) or Ox (n = 43). The median age was 63 years (range, 30-84), and 59% were males. NETs were G1 (19%), G2 (69%), or G3 (10%). Among patients with interpretable MGMT status, 56.9% (58 of 102) had a dMGMT-NET. The primary end point was not reached; the 3-month ORR was 10 (29.4%) versus 2 (8%), and the odds ratio was 3.5 (0.58-21.16), P = .172. However, best ORR (18 [52.9%] v 3 [11.5%]) and median progression-free survival (14.6 [95% CI, 7.2 to 22.1] v 11.3 [9.4 to 13.2] months) were higher for dMGMT-NETs versus pMGMT-NETs. MGMT status does not seem to affect the Ox efficacy. Despite the fact that the primary end point was not reached, ALKY has clinical activity in patients with dMGMT-NETs.
Macrophages and nociceptor neurons form a sentinel unit around fenestrated capillaries to defend the synovium from circulating immune challenge
Authors: Tetsuo Hasegawa, Colin Y. C. Lee, Andrew J. Hotchen, Aaron Fleming, Rahul Singh, Kunimichi Suzuki, Michisuke Yuzaki, Masahiko Watanabe, Mark A. Birch, Andrew W. McCaskie, Nikolett Lénárt, Krisztina Tóth, Ádám Dénes, Zhaoyuan Liu, Florent Ginhoux, Nathan Richoz, Menna R. Clatworthy
Journal: Nature Immunology (2024)

Abstract A wide variety of systemic pathologies, including infectious and autoimmune diseases, are accompanied by joint pain or inflammation, often mediated by circulating immune complexes (ICs). How such stimuli access joints and trigger inflammation is unclear. Whole-mount synovial imaging revealed PV1 + fenestrated capillaries at the periphery of the synovium in the lining–sublining interface. Circulating ICs extravasated from these PV1 + capillaries, and nociceptor neurons and three distinct macrophage subsets formed a sentinel unit around them. Macrophages showed subset-specific responses to systemic IC challenge; LYVE1 + CX 3 CR1 + macrophages orchestrated neutrophil recruitment and activated calcitonin gene-related peptide + (CGRP + ) nociceptor neurons via interleukin-1β. In contrast, major histocompatibility complex class II + CD11c + (MHCII + CD11c + ) and MHCII + CD11c – interstitial macrophages formed tight clusters around PV1 + capillaries in response to systemic immune stimuli, a feature enhanced by nociceptor-derived CGRP. Altogether, we identify the anatomical location of synovial PV1 + capillaries and subset-specific macrophage–nociceptor cross-talk that forms a blood–joint barrier protecting the synovium from circulating immune challenges.
iMFP-LG: Identification of Novel Multi-Functional Peptides by Using Protein Language Models and Graph-Based Deep Learning
Authors: Jiawei Luo, Kejuan Zhao, Junjie Chen, Caihua Yang, Fuchuan Qu, Yumeng Liu, Xiaopeng Jin, Ke Yan, Yang Zhang, Bin Liu
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2024)
Reply to Lee <i>et al.</i>: Endovascular Forceps Biopsy of Pulmonary Artery Intimal Sarcoma, A Safer Approach
Authors: Simone Petrarulo, Claudia Ravaglia, Arianna Johanna De Grauw, Stefano Oldani, Suman Paul, Alessandra Dubini, Sara Piciucchi, Venerino Poletti
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2024)
Impacts of immersive 3D videos on students’ surgical learning compared to 2D Videos: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Amelia Favier, Eya Jaafar, Raphael L’Hote, Philippe Gauthier, Ignacio Avellino, Geoffroy Canlorbe
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

Background: Unlike other medical specialties, surgery is primarily learned through apprenticeship, by observing surgeons in action during operations. However, the increasing number of medical students and work-hour restrictions limit opportunities for learning in the operating room (OR). These circumstances call for novel technologies, such as immersive video. The objective of this study is to compare knowledge retention, preparedness, and content engagement for surgical learning when watching a surgical video in 3D through a Head-Mounted Display (HMD) versus in 2D video on a conventional screen. Materiel and Methods: This randomized controlled trial includes 231 fourth-year medical students. Participants watched the same 12 min surgical video, narrated by an expert, presented either in immersive 3D form through an HMD, or in 2D form through a conventional screen. The students completed three questionnaires (previewing, postviewing, and 1 month later), which included questions on knowledge retention, expected preparedness, content engagement, tool engagement, and self-assessment. Statistical analyses were adjusted by including the confounding factors. Results: Immediately after the video, the 3D immersive video group showed a significantly lower knowledge retention score compared to the classic video group ( P &lt;0.01). Nonetheless, the 3D immersive video group demonstrated better-expected preparedness as a future resident ( P =0.019), greater satisfaction ( P =0.033), better stimulation ( P &lt;0.001), higher involvement ( P &lt;0.001), and a greater perceived ability to identify anatomical structures ( P &lt;0.001). After 1 month, participants in the immersive video group reported feeling more prepared ( P =0.016), more self-confident ( P =0.020), more at ease ( P =0.023), and less overwhelmed ( P &lt;0.01) than those in the 2D video group. Conclusion: Our results showed that 3D surgical immersive video vs. 2D surgical video, enhances the sense of stimulation, satisfaction, involvement, and the perception of having better identified anatomical structures. For early medical school students where access to the OR is limited, this tool appears to a significant step forward in surgical pedagogy. However, the precise understanding of its pedagogical value required further investigation and refinement.
Educational interventions improve disparities in patient access to kidney transplantation: a network Meta-Analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Amanda Godoi, Georgios Koimtzis, Nicole Felix, Maria M.R. Mora, Augusto Graziani e Sousa, Giulia A.R. Soares, Pedro E.P. Carvalho, Mohamed A. Ilham, Michael R. Stephens, Usman Khalid
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

Background: Transplantation significantly improves the quality of life for patients with chronic kidney disease. Despite various educational strategies being assessed, the optimal approach to overcome barriers to kidney transplantation remains unclear. Materials and Methods: The authors conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing educational interventions to improve kidney transplantation access. The authors searched Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central, and Clinicaltrials.gov up until June 2024. Outcomes included rate of transplantation, living donor inquiries, waitlisting, evaluation, and knowledge level. Frequentist random-effects models and p-scores were used to rank strategies. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO. Results: The authors included 24 RCTs with a total of 116 054 patients. Of these, 57 996 (49.97%) received educational interventions and 58 058 (50.03%) received standard-care. Educator-guided and home-based strategies were associated with a higher rate of transplantation to multilevel interventions (RR 1.63; 95% CI: 1.07–2.48; P =0.023 | RR 1.85; 95% CI: 1.11–3.08; P =0.019) and standard-care (RR 1.56; 95% CI: 1.00–2.45; P =0.049 | RR 1.78; 95% CI: 1.17–2.70; P =0.007). According to the P-scores ranking, home-based interventions were the most likely strategy to improve transplantation access. Conclusion: In this NMA of 24 RCTs, home-based and educator-guided interventions were the most beneficial for improving access to kidney transplantation. Future studies should focus on their applicability for minority populations with challenges in health literacy and transplant access.
Rapid assessment of the osteogenic capacity of hydroxyapatite/aragonite using a murine tibial periosteal ossification model
Authors: Emma Steijvers, Yunshong Shi, Hong Lu, Weixin Zhang, Yitian Zhang, Feihu Zhao, Baichuan Wang, Louise Hughes, Jake E Barralet, Giulia Degli-Alessandrini, Igor Kraev, Richard Johnston, Zengwu Shao, Frank H Ebetino, James T Triffitt, R Graham G Russell, Davide Deganello, Xu Cao, Zhidao Xia
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2024)
Incidence and patterns of newly developed pigmented lesions in adults at high risk for melanoma
Authors: Anna K Wolber, Dilki Jayasinghe, Brigid Betz-Stablein, Monika Janda, H Peter Soyer, Harald Kittler
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2024)

The appearance of new pigmented lesions in adults at high risk seems to occur randomly and is not restricted to UV-exposed areas. Most evolving lesions are benign; however, new lesions that appear on photodamaged skin should be approached with greater caution.
Heart failure after left atrial appendage occlusion: Insights from the <scp>LAAOS III</scp> randomized trial
Authors: Philipp Krisai, Emilie P. Belley‐Cote, William F. McIntyre, Jorge Wong, Kate Tsiplova, Katheryn Brady, Philip Joseph, Isabelle Johansson, Linda Johnson, Lucas Yixi Xing, Andrea Colli, Shay McGuinness, Prakash Punjabi, Wilko Reents, Filip Rega, Petr Budera, Alistair G. Royse, Domenico Paparella, Stuart Connolly, Richard P. Whitlock, Jeff S. Healey
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2024)

The left atrial appendage (LAA) produces natriuretic peptides and its removal or occlusion might increase the risk of heart failure (HF). We aimed to investigate the incidence of HF after LAA occlusion or removal (LAAO) in the Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion Study (LAAOS III).
Safety and immunogenicity of mRNA-1345 RSV vaccine coadministered with an influenza or COVID-19 vaccine in adults aged 50 years or older: an observer-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomised, phase 3 trial
Authors: Jaya Goswami, Jose F Cardona, Denise C Hsu, Alana K Simorellis, Lauren Wilson, Rakesh Dhar, Joanne E Tomassini, Xiaowei Wang, Archana Kapoor, Avi Collins, Vinicius Righi, Lan Lan, Jiejun Du, Honghong Zhou, Sonia K Stoszek, Christine A Shaw, Caroline Reuter, Eleanor Wilson, Jacqueline M Miller, Rituparna Das
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2024)
Effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists on kidney and cardiovascular disease outcomes: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Sunil V Badve, Anika Bilal, Matthew M Y Lee, Naveed Sattar, Hertzel C Gerstein, Christian T Ruff, John J V McMurray, Peter Rossing, George Bakris, Kenneth W Mahaffey, Johannes F E Mann, Helen M Colhoun, Katherine R Tuttle, Richard E Pratley, Vlado Perkovic
Journal: The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology (2024)
5 years of COVID-19: equity must lead the next pandemic response in a fractured multipolar world
Authors: David S C Hui, Dorothy Yeboah-Manu, Jean B Nachega, Alfonso J Rodriguez-Morales, Tieble Traore, Markus Maeurer, Guiseppe Ippolito, Adam Zumla, Rizwan Ahmed, Osman Dar, Adeeba Kamarulzaman, Alimuddin Zumla
Journal: The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (2024)
Randomized Trial of the Four Supports Intervention for Surrogate Decision Makers in Intensive Care Units
Authors: Rachel A. Butler, Jennifer B Seaman, Kristyn Felman, Wendy Stonehouse, Rachel San Pedro, Jennifer Q Morse, Chung-Chou H Chang, Taylor Lincoln, Charles F. Reynolds, Seth Landefeld, Mary Beth Happ, Mi-Kyung Song, Derek C. Angus, Robert M Arnold, Douglas B. White
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2024)

Individuals acting as surrogate decision-makers for critically ill patients frequently struggle in this role and experience high levels of long-term psychological distress. Prior interventions designed solely to improve information sharing between clinicians and family members have been ineffective.
Hypertension Management in Pregnancy
Authors: Kimberly Ryan, Lidija McGrath, Kathleen Brookfield
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (2024)

Chronic hypertension and preeclampsia spectrum disorders in pregnancy are important contributors to long-term maternal morbidity and mortality. Due to physiologic changes during pregnancy and the postpartum period, blood pressure expectations differ between primary care providers and obstetricians. The goal of this article is to describe the pathophysiology and definitions of hypertension in the obstetric context and review current evidence for management during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Longitudinal follow-up with a primary care provider after delivery is crucial for long-term cardiovascular risk reduction in hypertensive patients.
Impact of Fluid Balance on the Development of Lung Injury
Authors: Simone Gattarello, Tommaso Pozzi, Mauro Galizia, Mattia Busana, Valentina Ghidoni, Giulia Catozzi, Beatrice Donati, Domenico Nocera, Stefano Giovanazzi, Rosanna D'Albo, Antonio Fioccola, Mara Velati, Rosmery Nicolardi, Isabella Fratti, Federica Romitti, Alessandro Gatta, Francesca Collino, Peter Herrmann, Michael Quintel, Konrad Meissner, Aurelio Sonzogni, John J. Marini, Luigi Camporota, Onnen Moerer, Luciano Gattinoni
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2024)

The pathophysiological relationship between fluid administration, fluid balance, and mechanical ventilation in the development of lung injury is unclear.
Cutaneous Carbonyl Stress Is Associated With Nerve Dysfunction in Recent-Onset Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Gidon J. Bönhof, Alexander Strom, Tobias Jung, Kálmán B. Bódis, Julia Szendroedi, Robert Wagner, Tilman Grune, Michael Roden, Dan Ziegler
Journal: Diabetes Care (2024)

Endogenous carbonyl stress leads to the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). AGEs represent a potential target to prevent or treat diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy (DSPN). The current study aimed to characterize cutaneous carbonyl stress, oxidative stress, immune cells, and endothelial cell damage in early type 2 diabetes compared with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) using novel cutaneous biomarkers. Included were 160 individuals recently (≤12 months) diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and 144 with NGT from the German Diabetes Study baseline cohort. Nerve function was assessed using electrophysiological, quantitative sensory, and clinical testing. Skin biopsies were obtained to analyze intraepidermal nerve fiber density, AGEs autofluorescence, argpyrimidine area, and endothelial cell area. In addition, skin autofluorescence was measured noninvasively using the AGE reader. A subgroup with type 2 diabetes (n = 80) was reassessed 5 years later. After adjustment for sex, age, HbA1c, LDL cholesterol, and BMI, argpyrimidine area (17.5 ± 18.8 vs. 11.7 ± 12.7%) was higher in recent-onset type 2 diabetes than in NGT (P < 0.05). AGEs autofluorescence was inversely correlated with nerve conduction (e.g., peroneal motor nerve conduction velocity: r = -0.346) and positively with AGE reader measurements in type 2 diabetes (r = 0.358, all P < 0.05), but not in NGT. Higher baseline AGEs autofluorescence and lower endothelial cell area predicted the deterioration of clinical and neurophysiological measures after 5 years. Cutaneous AGEs markers were associated with neurophysiological deficits in recent-onset type 2 diabetes and predicted their progression after 5 years, substantiating the role of carbonyl stress in the development of early DSPN.
Biologic Medications for Severe Asthma: Implications for Understanding Pathogenic Heterogeneity and Endotypes
Authors: Richard P. Ramonell, Marc C. Gauthier, Anuradha Ray, Sally E. Wenzel
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (2024)

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways long known for phenotypic heterogeneity. Phenotyping studies in asthma have led to a better characterization of disease pathogenesis, yet further work is needed to pair available treatments with disease endotypes. In this review, the biology of targeted pathways is discussed along with the efficacy of biologic therapies targeting those pathways. Results of asthma clinical trials are included, as well as results of trials in related diseases. This review then analyzes how biologics help to inform the complex immunobiology of asthma and further guide their use while identifying areas for future research.
Optimising bronchoalveolar lavage: lessons from alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency
Authors: Malcolm Herron, Suzanne Roche, Daniel D Fraughen, Ronan C Heeney, Lasya Kanchi, Emma J Leacy, Michelle Casey, Cedric Gunaratnam, Tomás P Carroll, Mark P Murphy, Noel G McElvaney
Journal: Thorax (2024)

Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is essential in determining the efficacy of novel therapies in alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD). These require initial proof-of-concept demonstration that treatment administration increases alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) levels and/or anti-neutrophil elastase inhibitory capacity (ANEC) in the lung. Early-phase studies often encounter high interindividual variability of BAL results, primarily stemming from the inherent dilution characteristics of returned BAL fluid. A BAL protocol that minimises this variability is needed for reliable comparison of biochemical endpoints in the lung.
Outcomes in Randomized Clinical Trials Testing Changes in Daily Water Intake
Authors: Nizar Hakam, Jose Luis Guzman Fuentes, Behnam Nabavizadeh, Architha Sudhakar, Kevin D. Li, Catherine Nicholas, Jason Lui, Peggy Tahir, Charles P. Jones, Stephen Bent, Benjamin N. Breyer
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

Several public recommendations exist regarding the amount of daily water intake, yet the supporting evidence is not clear, and benefits of increasing water consumption are not well-established.
The Philadelphia Beverage Tax and Pediatric Weight Outcomes
Authors: Emily F. Gregory, Christina A. Roberto, Nandita Mitra, Emma K. Edmondson, Joshua Petimar, Jason P. Block, Gary Hettinger, Laura A. Gibson
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2024)

Taxation of sweetened beverages is a proposed strategy to reduce excess sugar consumption. The association of such taxes with health outcomes is not well studied. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, is the largest US city with a beverage tax.
COVID-19 Vaccine Reactogenicity Among Young Children
Authors: Sabrina A. Madni, Kieauna Strickland, Victoria Konrad, Lauren Head Zauche, Christine K. Olson, Andrea J. Sharma
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

This cross-sectional study examines reactogenicity among children of participants in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention COVID-19 Vaccine Pregnancy Registry from November 2022 to September 2023 to understand the frequency and types of reactions experienced.
Effects on Body Mass Index After the Philadelphia Beverage Tax
Authors: Annika Janson, Liselotte Schäfer Elinder
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2024)

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Semaglutide vs Tirzepatide Dosages for Weight Loss
Authors: Matthew E. Levy, Kelly M. Schiabor Barrett, Elizabeth T. Cirulli
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2024)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast JAMA+ AI Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Semaglutide vs Tirzepatide Dosages for Weight Loss—Reply
Authors: Patricia J. Rodriguez, Ty J. Gluckman, Nicholas Stucky
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2024)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast JAMA+ AI Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal