tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the Severity of Refractory Heart Failure at Loandjili General Hospital
Authors: Bani Aloïse Macaire
Journal: Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions (2023)

Objective: To assess the severity of refractory heart failure (RCI). Patients and method: This is a retrospective and cross-sectional study carried out in the cardiology department of Loandjili General Hospital in Pointe-Noire, Congo-Brazzaville between February 2022 and July 2022. We included records of patients in chronic heart failure (CHF) and RCI whose age ≥ 18 years who received optimized drug therapy. Study variables are biological, therapeutic, echocardiographic, prognosis, demographic, and clinical. P˂ 5% and the relative risk between 0-1 were significant. Results: 67 inpatient files were identified. 31 CCI files of which 20 RCMs were included. The prevalence of ICR was 29.8%. There were 18 men (58%) and 13 women (42%); sex ratio of 1.3. The mean age was 58.3± 15.3 years (range: 28-85) and correlated with sex (p˂5%). All patients (100%) had NYHA III/IV exertional dyspnea, and intense physical asthenia. Mean systolic blood pressure was 121.58±35.47 mm Hg (range: 60-250), correlated with exertional dyspnoea (P˂5%). There were comorbidities, a mean natremia of 138.94±11.62 mEq/l (range: 121-133), a mean serum creatinine of 14.08±5.63 mg/l (range: 6.65-34.8), a mean s BNP of 4040.9 ± 2957.2 pg/ml (ranges: 72.5-10423), a mean left ventricle ejection fraction of 30.95±11.65% (range: 9.63-55.9). The mean left ventricle telediastolic diameter was 63.7±7.8 mm (range: 40.7-75) correlated with exertional dyspnoea (p˂5%). Non-drug treatment was not protective against lethality (RR:1,1). The average hospital readmissions was 2.16±1 (range: 1-4) and the average length of hospital stay was 9±3.7 days (range: 4-20). Six patients (19.3%) with ICR had died. Mortality was correlated with certain clinical, biological and echocardiographic aspects (P˂5%). The mean peak of VO 2 was 22.41±5.2 ml/min/kg (range: 12-33.85), and that of the ELAN HF score was 4.51±1.48 (range: 2-8). Conclusion: The occurrence of RCM is a major eventin the evolution of CCI. Clinical, haemodic, biological, hospital readmission and different scoresare essential markers of prognostic evaluation. The deficit of the technical platform is amajor han dicap.
Prognostic value of SYNTAX scores for Predicting Major Cardiac Adverse events in Patients with acute Myocardial Infarction who Underwent Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Do Van Chien
Journal: Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions (2023)

Background: SYNTAX (SS) and clinical SYNTAX (CSS) scores are widely used in clinical practice to predict major adverse cardiac events (MACE) after elective and primary percutaneous intervention (PCI). We sought to investigate prognostic values for SS and CSS with more accurate predictive ability for MACE. Methods: All patients of two referral hospitals who were diagnosed with ACS were recruited for the study. SS and CSS were calculated by researchers blinded to the operators using the designed web-based software and clinical factors. SS was classified into three categories: low SS1:0 – 11.75, moderate SS2:11.75 – 23.25, and high SS3: ≥ 23.25. CSS was classified as follows: low CSS1:0-22.95, moderate CSS2:22.95-35.95, and high CSS3: ≥ 35.95. All patients were advised to visit our clinic at 1, 6, and 12 months. Clinical examination results and MACE were recorded in the hospital clinical system database. Results: We recorded the clinical data of 296 patients. After 12 months of follow-up, MACE occurred in 16.8% of SS3, 9.3% of SS2, and 8.2% of SS1 cases. MACE accounted for 14.0% of CSS3, 11.3% of CSS2, and 8.1% of CSS1 cases. Conclusions: The classification of SS (low SS1:0 – 11.75, moderate SS2:11.75 – 23.25, high SS3: ≥ 23.25) and CCS (low CSS1:0-22.95, moderate CSS2:22.95-35.95, high CSS3: ≥ 35.95) had important roles in the risk assessment of patients with ACS who underwent primary PCI.
A Clinical Case of Rare Combined Metastatic Involvement of the Brain and Lungs in a Child with Hepatoblastoma
Authors: E. S. Shchelkanova, A. S. Krasnov
Journal: Radiology - Practice (2024)

Hepatoblastoma is the most common primary liver tumor in children. It typically occurs between the ages of 6 months and 4 years. Metastasis of hepatoblastoma continues to pose a serious challenge in treatment. Objective . To demonstrate the clinical course and radiological findings in a rare case of hepatoblastoma recurrence with combined metastatic involvement of the lung and brain in a child with normal alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels. Materials and methods . A clinical observation of hepatoblastoma in the left lobe of the liver with metastatic involvement of the left lung and brain in a 2.5-year-old boy is presented. Comprehensive radiological diagnostics (multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)) and liver biopsy under ultrasound control were performed. Results . Radiological diagnostics revealed a metastatic lesion in the lower lobe of the left lung in the patient with hepatoblastoma, followed by the diagnosis of metastases in the frontal, temporal, and occipital lobes of the brain upon complaints of nausea and headache. The diagnosis was confirmed by histological examination of the biopsy material. Conclusion . In children with diagnosed hepatoblastoma, the appearance of neurological complaints should prompt investigations of the brain to exclude the possibility of intracranial metastasis of the tumor. When metastases of hepatoblastoma are detected in the brain, it is also necessary to rule out the presence of metastases in the lungs.It is important to note that not all recurrences of hepatoblastoma are accompanied by an increase in AFP levels, so it is necessary to evaluate the overall picture in conjunction with clinical and radiological data.
Incidence of New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation in Patients Presenting with Acute St-Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Shabih Manzar
Journal: Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions (2023)

Aim: This study aims to find out the incidence of atrial fibrillation new onset in STEMI patients receiving primary PCI Sample: A total of 169 patients have included after sample size calculation by using WHO sample size calculator version 2.0. Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study Place and Duration of study: This study was conducted at the Department of Interventional Cardiology of CHU Ibn Rochd to Casablanca (Morooco) March, 2022, To December 2022. Methodology: The inclusion criteria set for data collection were as; all the patients undergoing Primary PCI with age between 40 to 80 years, males and females, patients presented with 12 hours of the onset of chest pain with STEMI to enroll in the study. Whereas, patients who had a previous history of any cardiac-related surgery and known AF, also all the patients suffered AF after trial of cardioversion, and those patients who had ejection fraction less than 20% were excluded from the study. Result: The demographic classification showed the mean age of the patients was 55.96±8.9 with a CI of 54.60 to 57.33 years. The mean height of the patients was 167.34±0.56 with CI of 166.2 to 168.46. The mean weight of the patients was 74.84±0.7 with CI of 73.39 to 76.29 kg. The average BMI of all the patients was 26.7±0.28 with CI of 26.2 to 27.33. The analysis of the data revealed that Atrial fibrillation is more common people who don’t smoke tobacco and are non-diabetic. Diabetic patients are less prone to atrial fibrillation in MI. Conclusion: The prevalence of new-onset of atrial fibrillation was found to be high in elderly age group patients.
Severe Post Traumatic Intercostal Surgical Hernia Repaired: A Case Report
Authors: Aubin Sandio
Journal: Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions (2023)

Intercostal hernia is defined as a protrusion of the lung parenchyma and or pleura through a defect in the intercostal muscles between adjacent ribs. It is a rare condition, usually asymptomatic, in most cases acquired following a chest trauma or following a chest surgery, and whom diagnostic is clinical. Intercostal hernia may be managed by a surgical repair or not. The decision to operate May considered the size of the hernia, the symptoms, and the patient’s comorbid conditions. We report a case of intercostal hernia occurring after penetrating chest trauma, and successfully treated surgically by thoracotomy in our center.
Unkind Reminder: Never Pretreat Nstemi Patients Until Their Anatomy is Known
Authors: Zakaria Wakrim
Journal: Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions (2023)

This case report describes the presentation and management of a 71-year-old male patient with sudden onset of chest pain. Despite an initial diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and pre-treatment with clopidogrel, further evaluation revealed the patient to have acute aortic dissection. The patient's condition rapidly deteriorated and ultimately led to his death. This case highlights the importance of careful diagnostic consideration when presented with symptoms of chest pain, particularly in high-risk patients, and the potential consequences of routine pre-treatment with P2Y12 inhibitors in such cases.
Foreign Body of the Mesentery of the Ileum (Clinical Observation)
Authors: А. K. Karaeva, A. S. Bekshokov
Journal: Radiology - Practice (2024)

Рurpose . To demonstrate a rare clinical case of diagnosis and treatment of the inflammatory process of the mesentery caused by a foreign body (fish bone) and to show the possibilities of multisection computed tomography with contrast and ultrasound. Materials and methods . The results of examination and treatment of a patient with a rare foreign body, such as a slave bone, were studied. The patient's age is 56 years old. Results . This clinical case showed the possibility of diagnosing a long-term asymptomatic presence of a foreign body in the intestine, and subsequent surgical treatment of a perforating process caused by a foreign body, namely a fish bone. Conclusion . An important factor in the diagnosis of foreign bodies in the intestine is the complex use of anamnesis, laboratory data, ultrasound, and multi-slice CT.
Coarctation of the Aorta Discovered Incidentally During Pregnancy
Authors: Nassour Aware Brahim
Journal: Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions (2023)

Background Coarctation of the aorta is a narrowing of the aorta most commonly found just distal to the origin of the left subclavian artery. This malformation is mostly discovered in the birth by the systematic palpation of the femoral pulses, but can be later diagnosed at the big child’s even at the adult. Casa Presensation: We report here the case of a 32-year-old young man, who is treated for hypertension since two years and to whom a thoracic scanner realized for the assessment of a chronic cough revealed an aortic coarctation. Conclusions This observation reminds us that resistant hypertension in young adults justifies the search for a curable cause. Concerning the association between pregnancy and aortic coarctation, the literature, less alarming than twenty years ago, encourages a wait-and-see and "armed" attitude by favouring a natural delivery.
The c-Kit and Nitric Oxide Synergy During Arteriogenesis: a Systematic Review
Authors: Roberta M. Lassance-Soares
Journal: Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions (2023)

Background: Around 30% of critical limb ischemia (CLI) patients are not eligible for the current medical treatments. One of the benefits of vascular c-Kit signaling is to induce therapeutic arteriogenesis. The present review summarizes the effects of c-Kit signaling in endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)/ nitric oxide (NO) pathway during arteriogenesis in a hindlimb ischemia scenario. Methods: A systematic review was performed following an electronic search of PubMed, Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov and Cochrane databases. Manuscripts published in the English language until January 2023 were identified and selected based on the vascular c-Kit and eNOS/NO signaling in neovascularization on both, animal models and cell culture assays. Results: The importance of c-Kit in the vascular system has been shown under physiology and pathological condition. Known that Ischemia leads to hypoxic environment driving the neovascularization process through endothelial sprouting and new capillaries formation. c-Kit is up-regulated during this process and the majority of the studies demonstrate the angiogenic role of this receptor and its ligand in cancer. However, the role of c-Kit in ischemia diseases, specifically in arteriogenesis during hindlimb ischemia has been observed. Further, the effects of c-Kit in NO pathway that has also been reported, could explain, at least in part, the molecular mechanism involving c-Kit in arteriogenesis. Conclusion: Recent evidence shown the beneficial role of vascular c-Kit in arteriogenesis and the impact of c-Kit deficiency in the dysfunction of NO signaling; however, the available scientific data on this topic is still scarce. Further studies to deeply investigate whether vascular c-Kit/eNOS/NO signaling play a major role in arteriogenesis are still needed to provide important new insight on the treatment of CLI.
Perspectives on drug development for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia in pregnant patients and patients who are breastfeeding
Authors: Jorge E. Cortes, Elisabetta Abruzzese, Elyce H. Cardonick, Sonia Hernández-Díaz, Jamie Gutierrez, Mary S. Sardegna, Erica Torres-Chavez, Miriam Dinatale, Catherine C. Lerro, Brenda J. Gehrke, Stacy S. Shord, R. Angelo De Claro, Marc R. Theoret, Peter J. DeMaria, Kelly J. Norsworthy
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2024)

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) have improved the outcome and life expectancy of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Patients are diagnosed with CML at younger ages, and patients treated for CML may become pregnant or choose to breastfeed. The information available to date on the safety of TKIs during pregnancy and lactation and the optimal management of these patients is largely anecdotal, based on personal or small-group experience, and heterogeneous. A panel of interested parties was convened by U.S. Food and Drug Administration to analyze the current data and discuss possible solutions. Possible solutions include prospective data collection, in clinical trials and in routine clinical practice, a more uniform and specific data collection, and greater coordination among involved entities. As patients with cancer are living longer, frequently receiving therapies for extended periods of time (or for life), data on appropriate management of patients through different reproductive phases of life are needed. It is thus time to change our approach for how to study treatment of cancer (including CML) during pregnancy or breastfeeding to develop evidence-based guidelines for safe and effective patient care.
PI3K inhibitors in hematology: When one door closes…
Authors: Sigrid S. Skånland, Klaus Okkenhaug, Matthew S. Davids
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2024)

The PI3K signaling pathway regulates key cellular processes and is one of the most aberrantly activated pathways in cancer. The class I PI3K catalytic subunits p110γ and p110δ are highly enriched in leukocytes, providing an additional rationale for targeting these PI3Ks in hematologic malignancies. In 2014, the PI3Kδ inhibitor idelalisib was the first of four PI3K inhibitors (PI3Ki) to receive regulatory approval for relapsed B-cell malignancies. This was followed by approvals of the pan-class I inhibitor copanlisib (2017), the dual PI3Kγ/δ inhibitor duvelisib (2018), and the PI3Kδ and casein kinase 1ε inhibitor umbralisib (2021). Copanlisib and umbralisib received accelerated approvals, whereas idelalisib and duvelisib received initial accelerated approvals followed by full approvals. The accelerated approvals were based on overall response rates; however, follow-up studies showed increased risk of death and serious side effects. Furthermore, the confirmatory trial with copanlisib failed to show an improvement in progression-free survival when compared with chemoimmunotherapy. These developments led to black box warnings for idelalisib and duvelisib and withdrawal of copanlisib and umbralisib from the market by their manufacturers. Given the uncertain future of this drug class, additional manufacturers terminated ongoing phase III trials with novel PI3Kis. In this study, we review the development and current status of PI3Kis in hematology, limitations to their use, and our perspective on whether there is a future for PI3Kis in hematology.
Features of Radiation Criteria of Chronic Generalized Periodontitis in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: T. G. Morozova, S. M. Tjurin, O. L. Mishutina
Journal: Radiology - Practice (2024)

Objective . To determine the features of the radiation criteria of chronic generalized periodontitis in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Materials and Methods . 71 patients were examined with chronic generalized periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis. The average age of patients was 48 ± 6.9 years. All patients underwent cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) (n = 71), orthopantomography (n = 42). Results . In the group of patients with seronegative RA, radiation criteria according to CBCT were more pronounced in comparison with patients with seropositive RA. Signs of a decrease in bone density according to CBCT correlated with changes in the musculoskeletal system in 68.9 % of cases in the group with seropositive RA (r = 0.954). When analyzing CBCT in assessing jaw density for patients with RA, it was found that the method is effective. In case of seropositive or seronegative RA, the lowest bone density according to CBCT is found in the structure of the upper jaw.Conclusion. 1. In the group of patients with seronegative RA, radiation criteria according to CBCT were more pronounced compared with patients with seropositive RA (p &lt; 0.05). 2. A decrease in bone density according to CBCT correlated with changes in the musculoskeletal system in the group with seropositive RA (r = 0.954). 3. When analyzing CBCT in assessing jaw bone density for patients with RA, it was found that the method is effective (AUROC 0.993, CI 0.958 – 0.996). 4. It was found that in patients with chronic generalized periodontitis on the background of seropositive or seronegative RA, the lowest bone density according to CBCT is found in the structure of the upper jaw.
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for DLBCL: a report from the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation on more than 40,000 patients over 32 years
Authors: Philipp Berning, Mathilde Fekom, Maud Ngoya, Anthony H. Goldstone, Peter Dreger, Silvia Montoto, Hervé Finel, Evgenii Shumilov, Patrice Chevallier, Didier Blaise, Tim Strüssmann, Ben Carpenter, Edouard Forcade, Cristina Castilla-Llorente, Marek Trneny, Hervé Ghesquieres, Saveria Capria, Catherine Thieblemont, Igor Wolfgang Blau, Ellen Meijer, Annoek E. C. Broers, Anne Huynh, Denis Caillot, Wolf Rösler, Stephanie Nguyen Quoc, Jörg Bittenbring, Arnon Nagler, Jacques-Emmanuel Galimard, Bertram Glass, Anna Sureda, Norbert Schmitz
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2024)

Abstract Autologous(auto-) and allogeneic(allo-) hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) are key treatments for relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), although their roles are challenged by CAR-T-cells and other immunotherapies. We examined the transplantation trends and outcomes for DLBCL patients undergoing auto-/allo-HSCT between 1990 and 2021 reported to EBMT. Over this period, 41,148 patients underwent auto-HSCT, peaking at 1911 cases in 2016, while allo-HSCT saw a maximum of 294 cases in 2018. The recent decline in transplants corresponds to increased CAR-T treatments (1117 cases in 2021). Median age for auto-HSCT rose from 42 (1990–1994) to 58 years (2015–2021), with peripheral blood becoming the primary stem cell source post-1994. Allo-HSCT median age increased from 36 (1990–1994) to 54 (2015–2021) years, with mobilized blood as the primary source post-1998 and reduced intensity conditioning post-2000. Unrelated and mismatched allo-HSCT accounted for 50% and 19% of allo-HSCT in 2015–2021. Three-year overall survival (OS) after auto-HSCT improved from 56% (1990–1994) to 70% (2015–2021), p &lt; 0.001, with a decrease in relapse incidence (RI) from 49% to 38%, while non-relapse mortality (NRM) remained unchanged (4%). After allo-HSCT, 3-year-OS increased from 33% (1990–1999) to 46% (2015–2021) ( p &lt; 0.001); 3-year RI remained at 39% and 1-year-NRM decreased to 19% ( p &lt; 0.001). Our data reflect advancements over 32 years and &gt;40,000 transplants, providing insights for evaluating emerging DLBCL therapies.
Proteolysis and Contractility Regulate Tissue Opening and Wound Healing by Lung Fibroblasts in 3D Microenvironments
Authors: Hugh Xiao, Kadidia Sylla, Xiangyu Gong, Brendan Wilkowski, Alejandro Rossello‐Martinez, Seyma Nayir Jordan, Emmanuel Y. Mintah, Allen Zheng, Huanxing Sun, Erica L. Herzog, Michael Mak
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Abstract Damage and repair are recurring processes in tissues, with fibroblasts playing key roles by remodeling extracellular matrices (ECM) through protein synthesis, proteolysis, and cell contractility. Dysregulation of fibroblasts can lead to fibrosis and tissue damage, as seen in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). In advanced IPF, tissue damage manifests as honeycombing, or voids in the lungs. This study explores how transforming growth factor‐beta (TGF‐β), a crucial factor in IPF, induces lung fibroblast spheroids to create voids in reconstituted collagen through proteolysis and cell contractility, a process we termed as hole formation. These voids reduce when proteases are blocked. Spheroids mimic fibroblast foci observed in IPF. Results indicate that cell contractility mediates tissue opening by stretching fractures in the collagen meshwork. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), including MMP1 and MT1‐MMP, are essential for hole formation, with invadopodia playing a significant role. Blocking MMPs reduces hole size and promotes wound healing. This study shows how TGF‐β induces excessive tissue destruction and how blocking proteolysis can reverse damage, offering insights into IPF pathology and potential therapeutic interventions.
On the evolutionary developmental biology of the cell
Authors: Leslie S. Babonis
Journal: Trends in Genetics (2024)

Organisms are complex assemblages of cells, cells that produce light, shoot harpoons, and secrete glue. Therefore, identifying the mechanisms that generate novelty at the level of the individual cell is essential for understanding how multicellular life evolves. For decades, the field of evolutionary developmental biology (Evo-Devo) has been developing a framework for connecting genetic variation that arises during embryonic development to the emergence of diverse adult forms. With increasing access to new single cell 'omics technologies and an array of techniques for manipulating gene expression, we can now extend these inquiries inward to the level of the individual cell. In this opinion, I argue that applying an Evo-Devo framework to single cells makes it possible to explore the natural history of cells, where this was once only possible at the organismal level.