tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Endocrine Controls of Skin Aging
Authors: Markus Böhm, Agatha Stegemann, Ralf Paus, Konrad Kleszczyński, Pallab Maity, Meinhard Wlaschek, Karin Scharffetter-Kochanek
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2024)

Skin is the largest organ of the human body and undergoes both intrinsic (chronological) and extrinsic aging. While intrinsic skin aging is driven by genetic and epigenetic factors, extrinsic aging is mediated by external threats such as UV irradiation or fine particular matters, the sum of which is referred to as exposome. The clinical manifestations and biochemical changes are different between intrinsic and extrinsic skin aging, albeit overlapping features exist, eg, increased generation of reactive oxygen species, extracellular matrix degradation, telomere shortening, increased lipid peroxidation, or DNA damage. As skin is a prominent target for many hormones, the molecular and biochemical processes underlying intrinsic and extrinsic skin aging are under tight control of classical neuroendocrine axes. However, skin is also an endocrine organ itself, including the hair follicle, a fully functional neuroendocrine "miniorgan." Here we review pivotal hormones controlling human skin aging focusing on IGF-1, a key fibroblast-derived orchestrator of skin aging, of GH, estrogens, retinoids, and melatonin. The emerging roles of additional endocrine players, ie, α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, a central player of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis; members of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis; oxytocin, endocannabinoids, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor modulators, are also reviewed. Until now, only a limited number of these hormones, mainly topical retinoids and estrogens, have found their way into clinical practice as anti-skin aging compounds. Further research into the biological properties of endocrine players or its derivatives may offer the development of novel senotherapeutics for the treatment and prevention of skin aging.
Long term results of venetoclax combined with FLAG-IDA induction and consolidation for newly diagnosed and relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Courtney D. DiNardo, Wei-Ying Jen, Koichi Takahashi, Tapan M. Kadia, Sanam Loghavi, Naval G. Daver, Lianchun Xiao, Patrick K. Reville, Ghayas C. Issa, Nicholas J. Short, Koji Sasaki, Sa A. Wang, Jillian K. Mullin, Sherry Pierce, Corey Bradley, Gautam Borthakur, Abhishek Maiti, Yesid Alvarado, Naveen Pemmaraju, Alessandra Ferrajoli, Mahesh Swaminathan, Maro Ohanian, Hussein A. Abbas, Danielle Hammond, Jan Burger, Fadi Haddad, Guillermo Montalban-Bravo, Kelly Chien, Lucia Masarova, Musa Yilmaz, Nitin Jain, Michael Andreeff, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Steven Kornblau, Farhad Ravandi, Elias Jabbour, Marina Y. Konopleva, Hagop M. Kantarjian
Journal: Leukemia (2025)
Risk Stratification for Trastuzumab-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction and Potential Implications for Surveillance
Authors: Abdelrahman Ali, Efstratios Koutroumpakis, Juhee Song, Daniel Booser, Carlos H Barcenas, Debu Tripathy, Ana Barac, Nicolas L Palaskas, Anita Deswal
Journal: JACC CardioOncology (2025)
Commentary
Authors: Benedetto Mangiavillano
Journal: Endoscopy (2025)

Comment on: Retrograde endoscopic ultrasound-guided entero-enterostomy for the management of a high-output enterocutaneous fistula and ileal stricture in a complex surgical abdomenEndoscopy 2024; 56(S 01): E970-E971DOI: 10.1055/a-2428-0026
Prenatal exposure to HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis and birth, growth, and social–emotional developmental outcomes throughout early childhood in Kenya: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Laurén Gómez, John Kinuthia, Felix Abuna, Jared M Baeten, Julia Dettinger, Anna Larsen, Mary Marwa, Nancy Ngumbau, Ben Odhiambo, Pascal Omondi, Joshua Stern, Barbra A Richardson, Salphine Watoyi, Grace John-Stewart, Jillian Pintye
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2025)
Comparative effectiveness of daily therapeutic supplementation with multiple micronutrients and iron-folic acid versus iron-folic acid alone in children with mild-to-moderate anaemia in rural India: an open-label, randomised controlled trial
Authors: Ravi Prakash Upadhyay, Ranadip Chowdhury, Sudarshan Mundra, Sunita Taneja, Molly Jacob, Umesh Kapil, Ashish Bavdekar, Nita Bhandari
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2025)
Vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus in the WHO African region: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Nicholas Riches, Marc Y R Henrion, Peter MacPherson, Camilla Hahn, Rabson Kachala, Thomas Mitchell, Daniel Murray, Wongani Mzumara, Owen Nkoka, Alison J Price, Jennifer Riches, Aoife Seery, Noel Thom, Anne Loarec, Maud Lemoine, Gibril Ndow, Yusuke Shimakawa, Peyton Thompson, Camille Morgan, Shalini Desai, Philippa Easterbrook, Alexander J Stockdale
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2025)
Towards opioid access without excess
Authors: William E Rosa, Felicia Marie Knaul, Michael Touchton, Afsan Bhadelia, Keith Humphreys, Lukas Radbruch, M R Rajagopal
Journal: The Lancet Public Health (2025)

A decade after World Health Assembly Resolution 67.19 recognised palliative care as a component of comprehensive care and universal health coverage throughout the life course, a balanced approach to opioid access remains elusive. Disparities in the alleviation of serious health-related suffering persist, characterised by two parallel opioid-related public health crises: a pandemic of unrelieved pain and an opioid addiction epidemic. The pain pandemic is largely driven by the opioid access abyss and primarily affects over 50 million people with serious health-related suffering living in low-income and middle-income countries. Conversely, several high-income countries have been affected by an opioid addiction epidemic. An estimated 39·5 million people struggle with opioid use disorder worldwide, the vast majority living in North America. In this Viewpoint, we describe these parallel crises, argue for pain relief as a global public good, and identify stewardship roles of WHO member states and local actors to use a balanced approach in galvanising the global health system to simultaneously close the global pain divide and move towards opioid access without excess in alignment with Sustainable Development Goal targets focused on the prevention of substance abuse (3.5) and universal health coverage (3.8).
Incident type 2 diabetes and its risk factors in men and women aged 40–60 years from four sub-Saharan African countries: results from the AWI-Gen study
Authors: Raylton P Chikwati, Nigel J Crowther, Michèle Ramsay, Lisa K Micklesfield, Shane A Norris, Kagiso P Seakamela, Engelbert A Nonterah, Godfred Agongo, Shukri F Mohamed, Isaac Kisiangani, Palwende R Boua, Alisha N Wade
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2025)
Establishing the value of regional cooperation and a critical role for regional organisations in managing future health emergencies
Authors: Afifah Rahman-Shepherd, Nelson Aghogho Evaborhene, Ayelet Berman, Ana B Amaya, Ezekiel Boro, Osman Dar, Zheng Jie Marc Ho, Anne-Sophie Jung, Mishal Khan, Olaa Mohamed-Ahmed, Oyeronke Oyebanji, Tikki Elka Pangestu, Sabina Faiz Rashid, Ahmed Razavi, Pía Riggirozzi, Helena Legido-Quigley, Li Yang Hsu
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2025)
Correction: Safety and efficacy of lumen-apposing metal stents for endoscopic ultrasound-guided drainage of pancreatic fluid collections: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Vishnu Charan Suresh Kumar, Sahib Singh, Vishali Moond, Babu P. Mohan, Ganesh Aswath, Hafiz M. A. Khan, Bishnu Sapkota, Douglas G. Adler
Journal: Endoscopy (2025)
Multidrug-resistant sepsis in special newborn care units in five district hospitals in India: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Kajal Jain, Vivek Kumar, Nishad Plakkal, Deepak Chawla, Atul Jindal, Reeta Bora, Neeraj Gupta, Apurba Sastry, Nidhi Singla, Anudita Bhargava, Reema Nath, Vijayalakshmi Nag, Sarita Mohapatra, Nitya Wadhwa, Ramesh Agarwal, M Jeeva Sankar
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2025)

Neonatal sepsis epidemiology has been adequately reported in tertiary-care hospitals. However, such data are scarce from district hospitals in low-income and middle-income countries. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of sepsis, pathogen profile, and antimicrobial resistance among neonates admitted to the special newborn care units in district hospitals in India. We prospectively enrolled neonates admitted to newborn units in five district hospitals in India between October, 2019, and December, 2021. Blood cultures were obtained from neonates who met prespecified criteria and were processed at the laboratories of the tertiary-care hospitals linked to each district hospital. Identification of pathogens and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the automated system; all isolates were confirmed using matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionisation-time of flight. The primary outcome was the incidence of culture-positive sepsis. The final label of culture-positive sepsis was assigned based on culture reports and clinical course. Multidrug resistance was defined as resistance to antibiotics in at least three of the six antibiotic classes, including third generation cephalosporins, carbapenems, and aminoglycosides. The study enrolled 6612 neonates (3972 inborn [born at the same hospital] and 2640 outborn [referred from other hospitals or homes]). Mean gestation was 37·1 weeks and mean birthweight was 2540 g. 3357 (50·8%) neonates met clinical sepsis criteria. The overall incidence of culture-positive sepsis was 213 (3·2%; 95% CI 0·6-14·4); ranging from 0·6% to 10·0% across the five sites. The incidence was higher in outborn neonates than inborn neonates: 132 [5·0%] versus 81 [2·0%]. The case-fatality rate of culture-positive sepsis was 36·6% (95% CI 12·1-71·0). Gram-negative bacilli accounted for 156 (70·0%) of 223 organisms isolated: Klebsiella pneumoniae (51 [22·9%]), Escherichia coli (33 [14·8%]), and Enterobacter spp (26 [11·7%]) were the most common Gram-negative organisms. 75%-88% of isolates of K pneumoniae, E coli, Enterobacter spp, and Acinetobacter baumannii were multidrug resistant. The high incidence of culture-positive sepsis, case-fatality rates, and multidrug resistance among common pathogens underscores an urgent need to strengthen infection prevention and control practices, establish blood culture facilities, and implement antimicrobial stewardship programmes in district-level hospitals in India. Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. For the Hindi translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.
Breaking dependency: strengthening the global tuberculosis response in the face of USAID cuts
Authors: Alimuddin Zumla, Suvanand Sahu, Dorothy Yeboah-Manu, Delia Goletti, Peter S Nyasulu, Sayoki Mfinanga, Mary Shilalukey-Ngoma, Francine Ntoumi, Alfonso J Rodriguez-Morales, Dean B Everett, Adeeba Kamarulzaman, David S Hui
Journal: The Lancet (2025)
Pregnant women as a sentinel population for genomic surveillance of malaria in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: a population-based study
Authors: Marie Onyamboko, Varanya Wasakul, Sarah Benie Bakomba, Daddy Kalala Kayembe, Bejos Kifakiou Nzambiwishe, Pascal Epe Ekombolo, Benjamen Basara Badjanga, Jean-Robert Moke Maindombe, Jephte Ndundu Ngavuka, Brunette Nsunda Lwadi, Eleanor Drury, Cristina Ariani, Sonia Goncalves, Vanapol Chamsukhee, Naomi Waithira, Tess D Verschuuren, Sue J Lee, Olivo Miotto, Caterina Fanello
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2025)
Clinical evaluation of computer-aided digital x-ray detection of pulmonary tuberculosis during community-based screening or active case-finding: a case–control study
Authors: Alex J Scott, Tahlia Perumal, Anil Pooran, Suzette Oelofse, Shameem Jaumdally, Jeremi Swanepoel, Phindile Gina, Thuli Mthiyane, Zhi Zhen Qin, Jana Fehr, Alison D Grant, Emily B Wong, Martie van der Walt, Aliasgar Esmail, Keertan Dheda
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2025)
The evolution of serious health-related suffering from 1990 to 2021: an update to The Lancet Commission on global access to palliative care and pain relief
Authors: Felicia M Knaul, Héctor Arreola-Ornelas, Xiaoxiao J Kwete, Afsan Bhadelia, William E Rosa, Michael Touchton, Oscar Méndez-Carniado, Valentina Vargas Enciso, Tania Pastrana, Joseph R Friedman, Stephen R Connor, Julia Downing, Dean T Jamison, Eric L Krakauer, David Watkins, Renzo Calderon-Anyosa, Rodrigo Garcia-Santisteban, Renu S Nargund, Jim Cleary, Liliana De Lima, Nahla Gafer, Liz Grant, Christian Ntizimira, Pedro E Pérez-Cruz, M R Rajagopal, Dingle Spence, Paul Vila, Lukas Radbruch
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2025)
Retrograde endoscopic ultrasound-guided entero-enterostomy for the management of a high-output enterocutaneous fistula and ileal stricture in a complex surgical abdomen
Authors: Sunil Gupta, Eimear Kirby, Sarang Gupta, Katarzyna M. Pawlak, Joao De Rezende-Neto, Jeffrey D. Mosko, Natalia C. Calo
Journal: Endoscopy (2025)

A 26-year-old man sustained significant traumatic thoracoabdominal injuries following a gunshot. After multiple laparotomies, small-bowel resections, and an extended left hemicolectomy with end-colostomy formation, he developed a high-output enterocutaneous fistula (ECF) and loss of colostomy output. Computed tomography imaging confirmed an ECF from the ileum to the anterior abdominal wall. There was also a long ileal stricture distal to the fistula. Owing to his complex surgical abdomen and the proximity of the ECF to an abdominal flap, surgical reintervention was deemed high risk. He was therefore referred for endoscopic management ([Video 1]).
Correction: The Gastroscopy RAte of Cleanliness Evaluation (GRACE) Scale: an international reliability and validation study
Authors: Gianluca Esposito, Emanuele Dilaghi, Cristina Costa-Santos, Irene Ligato, Bruno Annibale, Mário Dinis-Ribeiro, Miguel Areia
Journal: Endoscopy (2025)

Correction to: The Gastroscopy RAte of Cleanliness Evaluation (GRACE) Scale: an international reliability and validation studyEndoscopy eFirstDOI: 10.1055/a-2422-0856
Evaluating infection risk associated with Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage in blood donors: a prospective multicentre study in Denmark
Authors: Khoa Manh Dinh, Kathrine Agergård Kaspersen, Jens Kjærgaard Boldsen, Svend Ellermann-Eriksen, Sisse Rye Ostrowski, Bitten Aagaard, Henrik Hjalgrim, Ole Birger Pedersen, Lise Tornvig Erikstrup, Christian Erikstrup
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2025)

To investigate whether Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage influences susceptibility to community-acquired S. aureus-associated infection and any other bacterial infection risk in healthy individuals. This prospective cohort study included blood donors aged 18-70 years between 2014-2021 in Denmark. A nasal swab cultivated for S. aureus defined carriage type (exposure) and infection endpoints were redeemed antibacterial prescriptions or ICD-10 diagnoses from national registers. Adjusted incidence rate ratio (IRR) was estimated using Poisson regression for prescriptions while Cox regression estimated hazard ratio for diagnoses. Of 8,738 included participants, 3,503 (40.5%) were carriers. During a median follow-up of 3.8 years (IQR: 2.4-5.1), 1,110 participants redeemed dicloxacillin/flucloxacillin and 1,412 redeemed topical fusidic acid prescriptions while 378 participants received hospital treatment for infections during 3.4 years (IQR: 1.9-4.6). Nasal carriers redeemed dicloxacillin and topical fusidic acid prescriptions more often than non-carriers (IRR 1.40 [95% CI: 1.24-1.58] and IRR 1.22 [1.10-1.36], respectively). Participants who redeemed one dicloxacillin prescription were six times more likely to redeem another within two years. Among these, carriers had a higher incidence of redeeming additional dicloxacillin prescriptions than non-carriers (absolute risk, 19.0% vs 12.9%, respectively; IRR 1.46 [1.17-1.84]). S. aureus nasal carriage was not associated with higher risk of redeeming other antibacterial prescriptions nor with risk of hospital-treated S. aureus and any other bacterial infections. In this study comprising healthy adults, nasal carriers with S. aureus exhibited an increased risk of redeemed dicloxacillin and topical fusidic acid prescriptions, but nasal carriage was not associated with any other types of bacterial infection. Findings suggest that nasal carriage elevates the burden of community-acquired S. aureus infections.
Value of non-invasive test dynamics in guiding HCC surveillance decisions after HCV cure in patients with cirrhosis
Authors: Pierre Nahon, Clovis Lusivika-Nzinga, Philippe Merle, Fabien Zoulim, Thomas Decaens, Nathalie Ganne-Carrié, Georges-Philippe Pageaux, Vincent Leroy, Laurent Alric, Jean-Pierre Bronowicki, Marc Bourlière, Jérôme Gournay, Albert Tran, Stanislas Pol, Philippe Mathurin, Véronique Loustaud-Ratti, Sophie Métivier, Victor De Ledinghen, Armand Abergel, Dominique Thabut, Louis D'Alteroche, Mohammed Bouattour, Tarik Asselah, Denis Ouzan, Paul Cales, Olivier Chazouillères, Moana Gelu-Simeon, Dominique Roulot, Jérôme Boursier, Carole Cagnot, Sonia Tamazirt, Alina Pascale, Samuel Nilusmas, Maïté Lewin, Marianne Ziol, Fabrice Carrat, Jean-Charles Duclos-Vallée
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2025)
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and risk of suicidality among patients with type 2 diabetes: active comparator, new user cohort study
Authors: Samantha B Shapiro, Hui Yin, Oriana Hoi Yun Yu, Soham Rej, Samy Suissa, Laurent Azoulay
Journal: BMJ (2025)

Abstract Objective To determine whether the use of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists is associated with an increased risk of suicidal ideation, self-harm, and suicide among patients with type 2 diabetes compared with the use of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors or sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors. Design Active comparator, new user cohort study. Setting Primary care practices contributing data to the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink linked to the Hospital Episodes Statistics Admitted Patient Care and Office for National Statistics Death Registration databases. Participants Patients with type 2 diabetes. Exposures Two cohorts were assembled, with the first composed of patients who started and continued on GLP-1 receptor agonists or DPP-4 inhibitors between 1 January 2007 and 31 December 2020 and the second composed of patients who started and continued on GLP-1 receptor agonists or SGLT-2 inhibitors between 1 January 1 2013 and 31 December 2020. Both cohorts were followed until 29 March 2021. Main outcome measures The primary outcome was suicidality, defined as a composite of suicidal ideation, self-harm, and suicide. Secondary outcomes were each of these events considered separately. Propensity score fine stratification weighted Cox proportional hazards models were fitted to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to estimate the average treatment effect among the treated patients. Results The first cohort included 36 082 GLP-1 receptor agonist users (median follow-up 1.3 years) and 234 028 DPP-4 inhibitor users (median follow-up 1.7 years). In crude analyses, GLP-1 receptor agonist use was associated with an increased incidence of suicidality compared with DPP-4 inhibitors (crude incidence rates 3.9 v 1.8 per 1000 person years, respectively; hazard ratio 2.08, 95% CI 1.83 to 2.36). This estimate decreased to a null value after confounding factors were accounted for (hazard ratio 1.02, 95% CI 0.85 to 1.23). The second cohort included 32 336 GLP-1 receptor agonist users (median follow-up 1.2 years) and 96 212 SGLT-2 inhibitor users (median follow-up 1.2 years). Similarly, GLP-1 receptor agonist use was associated with an increased risk of suicidality compared with SGLT-2 inhibitors in crude analyses (crude incidence rates 4.3 v 2.7 per 1000 person years; hazard ratio 1.60, 95% CI 1.37 to 1.87) but not after confounding factors were accounted for (0.91, 0.73 to 1.12). Similar findings were observed when suicidal ideation, self-harm, and suicide were analysed separately in both cohorts. Conclusions In this large cohort study, the use of GLP-1 receptor agonists was not associated with an increased risk of suicidality compared with the use of DPP-4 inhibitors or SGLT-2 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Integrative transcriptome profiling elucidates molecular and immunovascular characteristics of macrotrabecular hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Tomohiko Taniai, Shu Shimada, Yoshimitsu Akiyama, Megumi Hatano, Koya Yasukawa, Yosuke Igarashi, Shu Tsukihara, Yoshiaki Tanji, Keita Kodera, Kohei Okazaki, Koichiro Haruki, Atsushi Nara, Kohei Yagi, Keiichi Akahoshi, Daisuke Ban, Yasuhiro Asahina, Toru Ikegami, Minoru Tanabe, Shinji Tanaka
Journal: Hepatology (2025)

Background and Aims: Recent advances in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technologies have enabled us to clarify gene regulatory networks and immune cell compositions. In this study, integration of large-scale bulk and single-cell datasets refined hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) classification and shed light on the characteristics of its aggressive subtype. Approach and Results: Single-cell analysis of 228,564 live cells from six scRNA-seq datasets identified five major clusters of HCC cells with high mitotic activity (Cluster 1), activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling (Cluster 2), elevated glycolysis (Cluster 3) and lipogenesis (Clusters 4 and 5). Aggressive HCC subtype defined in bulk RNA-seq analysis of 691 tumor samples comprised a combination of Cluster 1 with Clusters 3, 4 or 5. Gene regulatory network analysis and gene set enrichment analysis highlighted the essential roles of p53 and MYC in aggressive HCC/Cluster 1, and cell composition analysis elucidated T cell depletion as an immune resistance mechanism. In a syngeneic mouse model, Trp53 knockout and MYC overexpression caused highly mitotic, tumorigenic and metastatic phenotypes, characterized by a macrotrabecular (MT) pattern, vascular encapsulation (VE) and T cell exclusion. Angiogenesis inhibition disrupted MT/VE formation, resulting in T cell recruitment, and its combination with immune checkpoint blockade achieved remission. Conclusions: Single-cell analysis has deepened our understanding of the molecular mechanism and tumor microenvironment in aggressive HCC. The combination of targeting tumor vasculature and blocking immune checkpoints represents a promising therapeutic strategy for this subtype.