tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
患者需要知道什么样的药物信息？：问问患者，他们想要知道的可能比你想象的要多
Authors: DavidDickinson, DKTheoRaynor, 翟晓梅
Journal: BMJ (2004)

患者想要知道有关自己的治疗信息常常比医生想象的要多。很明显，不同患者对这种希望参与做出医疗决策的程度并不相同。于是医务人员的部分责任就是弄清患者希望参与的程度究竟有多大，患者需要什么样的信息才能够维持这种合作关系。
Abstract 16710: Evidence of Ischemic Memory From Strain Rate Analysis of Diastolic Function During/After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Unnati Sampat, Anand Prasad, Ehtisham Mahmud, Manjusha Ilapakurti, Vachaspathi Palakodeti, Anthony N DeMaria
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction The ability to detect ischemia occurring prior to the time of examination (ischemic memory) would be of great clinical value. Studies have shown that abnormal left ventricular (LV) diastolic function may be a sensitive marker of myocardial ischemia.HypothesisWe hypothesized that analysis of diastolic function by strain imaging (SI) could detect abnormalities due to myocardial ischemia for some time after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods We performed echograms on 31 pts having angiography, 18 controls (CON) without obstructive CAD and 13 undergoing single vessel PCI (ISCH), at baseline, during balloon occlusion, and for 15, 30, and 60 minutes afterwards. SI analysis of the ischemic segment using speckle tracking was done in parasternal short axis views. The end systolic strain at the closure of the aortic valve (A) and at the time of one-third of diastole (B) were measured. A strain imaging diastolic index (SIDI) was calculated as A-B/Ax100% to examine diastolic performance. Results (see Table)Baseline characteristics for CON were similar to ISCH: mean age 61 ±14 years, HR 70 ±12, BP 135/70 ±27/13mmHg, male 69%, DM 38%, HTN 100%. SIDI values for ISCH decreased during balloon occlusion and remained low at 60 minutes after reperfusion. SIDI values in CON did not change significantly from baseline for 60 minutes after the procedure. (A) for ISCH decreased from 30.5 ±4% at baseline to 11.4 ±2% at 15 minutes after balloon occlusion and improved slightly to 15.8 ±2% at 60 minutes after reperfusion. (A) values in CON were unchanged from 22.6 ±8% at baseline to 20.8 ±9% at 60 minutes after procedure. Conclusions Abnormalities of systolic and diastolic strain (manifested by a decrease in SIDI values) occur in response to the induction of myocardial ischemia by PCI. As compared to the change in systolic strain, the change in SIDI values is of greater magnitude, is persistent at 60 minutes after reperfusion, and may be a useful marker of ischemic myocardial memory.
Effect of a psychiatric liaison program on consultation rates and on detection of minor psychiatric disorders in cancer patients
Authors: C F McCartney, P Cahill, D B Larson, J S Lyons, C Y Wada, H A Pincus
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1989)

Because only 2% of the 47% of cancer patients with psychiatric disorders receive psychiatric consultations, the authors investigated the impact of a psychiatric liaison program on improving consultation rates on a gynecologic oncology unit. Consultation rates for gynecologic cancer patients before and after introduction of the program were compared to rates from other cancer patients in the same hospital during the same 7-year period. Rates for the gynecologic patients were higher after the program (9%) than before (4%), as were rates for follow-up consultations, and the detection of minor DSM-III disorders improved. The authors conclude that liaison improves access to psychiatric treatments that often enhance the quality of life for seriously ill patients.
Surveillance for Breast Cancer in Women Treated with Chest Radiation for a Childhood, Adolescent or Young Adult Cancer: A Report from the Children's Oncology Group
Authors: Tara O. Henderson, Alison Amsterdam, Smita Bhatia, Melissa M. Hudson, Anna T. Meadows, Joseph P. Neglia, Lisa R. Diller, Louis S. Constine, Robert A. Smith, Martin C. Mahoney, Elizabeth A. Morris, Leslie L. Montgomery, Wendy Landier, Stephanie M. Smith, Leslie L. Robison, Kevin C. Oeffinger
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)
Validity of the Dissociative Experiences Scale in screening for multiple personality disorder: a multicenter study
Authors: E B Carlson, F W Putnam, C A Ross, M Torem, P Coons, D L Dill, R J Loewenstein, B G Braun
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1993)

The Dissociative Experiences Scale has proved a reliable and valid instrument to measure dissociation in many groups, but its capacity to distinguish patients with multiple personality disorder from patients with other psychiatric disorders has not yet been conclusively tested.A discriminant analysis was performed to classify 1,051 subjects as having or not having multiple personality disorder. Another discriminant analysis was performed on a subgroup of 883 subjects more closely representing patients in a typical psychiatric facility in terms of base rates of dissociative disorders. A cutoff score of 30 was also used to classify subjects, and Bayes's theorem, which allows for the calculation of the positive predictive value and the negative predictive value of a screening test, was applied.According to discriminant analysis of the total study group, the scale's sensitivity was 76% and its specificity was also 76%; according to discriminant analysis of the more representative subgroup, the scale's sensitivity was 76% and its specificity was 85%. Use of the cutoff score of 30 produced similar results. Results of the application of Bayes's theorem showed that 17% of the subjects scoring 30 or higher would actually have multiple personality disorder and 99% of those scoring less than 30 would not have multiple personality disorder.These results indicate that the Dissociative Experiences Scale performs quite well as a screening instrument to identify subjects with multiple personality disorder. In addition, the consistency of responses to scale items across centers indicates that the symptoms reported by patients with multiple personality disorder are highly similar across diverse geographic centers. This consistency supports the reliability and validity of the diagnosis of multiple personality disorder across centers.
Erratum to: Human fetal neuroblast and neuroblastoma transcriptome analysis confirms neuroblast origin and highlights neuroblastoma candidate genes
Authors: Katleen De Preter, Jo Vandesompele, Pierre Heimann, Nurten Yigit, Siv Beckman, Alexander Schramm, Angelika Eggert, Raymond L Stallings, Yves Benoit, Marleen Renard, Anne De Paepe, Geneviève Laureys, Sven Påhlman, Frank Speleman
Journal: Genome biology (2007)
Abstract 13721: Heart Rate Reduction by If-Channel Blockade With Ivabradine Stimulates Collateral Artery Growth in Hypercholesterolemic Atherosclerosis
Authors: Stephan H Schirmer, Achim Degen, Magnus Baumhakel, Florian Custodis, Michael Kohlhaas, Ferdinand Bahlmann, Reinhard Kappl, Michael Bohm, Ulrich Laufs
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Collateral artery growth protects from ischemia. Heart rate correlates with vascular events in patients with arterial obstructive disease. Here, we tested the effects of heart rate redu...
Phase I/II Dose Expansion Of a Multi-Center Trial Of Carfilzomib and Pomalidomide With Dexamethasone (Car-Pom-d) In Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Jatin J. Shah, Edward A. Stadtmauer, Rafat Abonour, Adam D. Cohen, William Bensinger, Cristina Gasparetto, Jonathan L. Kaufman, Suzanne Lentzsch, Dan T. Vogl, Robert Z. Orlowski, Erica L. Kim, Natalia Bialas, David D. Smith, Brian GM Durie
Journal: Blood (2013)
Abstract 1709: The Tnf Superfamily Cytokine Light - A New Inflammatory Mediator In Heart Failure
Authors: Christen P Dahl, Lars Gullestad, Erik Oie, Jan Kristian Damas, Pal Aukrust, Arne Yndestad
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Purpose LIGHT (TNFSF14) is an inflammatory cytokine in the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily that is involved in innate and adaptive immune responses as well as in regulation of cell survival...
Lung Cancer Among White South Africans
Authors: G. Dean
Journal: BMJ (1961)

TUBERCULOUS MENINGITISMEDICAJOURNAL 1599 period of unconsciousness was curtailed greatly in the intrathecal group.Oral feeding in these patients could be resorted to much earlier, with better maintenance of nutrition and quicker recovery.Also the complications of nasal feeding during unconsciousness were minimized anu nursing-time was saved.Period of Stay in Hospital.-TableII shows the period of stay in hospital in the .wogroups.Only those who survived their period of stay were included in the analysis.The stay was much less in the intrathecal group.Sequelae.-Before the introduction of steroids in the treatment of tuberculous meningitis a large number of patients suffered from sequelae, particularly in the sevzre group.Now with the use of steroids, especially intrathecally, the sequelae have been greatly reduced.Table III shows the relative incidence of sequzlae in the two groups of patients.In the intrathecal group there were no sequelae in patients with moderate severity, whereas 2 out of 11 severe cases had sequelac-one with TABLE II.-Period of Stay inz Hospital Group Mean Ranre Oral .. 3 months 21 days 1 month 25 days to 7 months 25 days Intrathecal.. 2 2 ,, ,, 3 ,, 26,,TABLE Itt.-Incidence of Sequelae Oral Steroid Group Intrathecal Steroid Group Total No. No. with Total No.No.
Abstract 2369: Adherence To A Dash-style Diet And Risk Of Coronary Heart Disease And Stroke In Women
Authors: Teresa Fung, Stephanie Chiuve, Marjorie McCullough, Kathryn Rexrode, Frank Hu
Journal: Circulation (2007)

The DASH diet has been shown to lower blood pressure but little is known about its long-term effect on cardiovascular endpoints. Therefore, we prospectively assessed the association between a DASH-...
Abstract 18290: Sense of Coherence in Adolescents with Congenital Heart Disease: Development, Antecedents, and Outcomes
Authors: Silke Apers, Koen Luyckx, Eva Goossens, Jessica Rassart, Philip Moons
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Sense of coherence (SOC), a construct that reflects psychological and behavioral resilience, is found to promote health and quality of life (QOL). The development of a strong SOC in adolescents with congenital heart disease (CHD) can explain the relatively good QOL in afflicted patients. We investigated the development of SOC over time; and tested the hypothesis that developmental classes differ regarding antecedents (sex; age; disease complexity; perceived parenting) and outcomes (QOL; perceived health; depressive symptoms). Methods: We assessed 429 adolescents with CHD (mean age 16y; 53% boys) at three points in time (nine month intervals), recruited at a university hospital. Inclusion criteria were: confirmed CHD; aged 14-18y; last cardiac consult ≤5y ago; and being able to read and write Dutch. Exclusion criteria were: cognitive and/or physical limitations inhibiting filling out questionnaires; and prior heart transplantation. We measured SOC (SOC-13); perceived parenting (subscale of Parental Regulation Scale-Youth Self-Report; Psychological Control Scale-Youth Self-Report; Child Report of Parent Behavior Inventory); QOL (linear analog scale); perceived health (PedsQL); and depressive symptoms (CESD-20). Latent class growth analysis was used to identify developmental classes of SOC. Based on model fit tests, a solution with three classes was selected. Chi-square and multivariate tests were used to examine inter-class differences. Results: Class 1 (33% of the sample) was labeled Consistently High SOC; Class 2 (49%) Intermediate and Decreasing SOC; and Class 3 (18%) Chronically Low SOC. Significantly more boys than girls belonged to class 1. No significant age or disease complexity differences were found at time 1. Perceived parenting is a significant antecendent, with class 1 scoring highest on parental responsiveness and regulation, and class 3 scoring highest on psychological control at time 1. In terms of outcomes, class 1 scored highest on QOL and perceived health and class 3 scored highest on depressive symptoms at time 3. Conclusions: The development of SOC seems to be determined by sex and perceived parenting, and impacts on QOL, perceived health, and depressive symptoms. Enhancing SOC can be an important goal for interventions.
Abstract 6058: Fibroin, a Silk-Based Biodegradable Protein, is a Promising Material to Engineer Small-Diameter Vascular Graft
Authors: Soichiro Enomoto, Masataka Sata, Makoto Sumi, Kimie Tanaka, Kazuto Nakamura, Makoto Sahara, Tetsuo Asakura, Ryozo Nagai
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: Smaller vascular grafts made from synthetic biomaterials, particularly smaller than 5 mm in diameter, are associated with high incidence of thrombosis. Fibroin is a silk-derived biodegradable protein which provides anti-thrombotic surface and serves as a scaffold for various cell types in tissue-engineering. We evaluate the potential of fibroin to generate artificial vascular prosthesis for small arteries. Methods and Results: A small artificial vessel with three layers was woven from fibroin thread. Fibroin-based grafts (1.5 mm in diameter, 10 mm in length) were implanted into the abdominal aorta of male 10 to 14-week-old Sprague Dawley rats by end-to-end anastomosis. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-based grafts were used as control. Patency of fibroin grafts at 1 year after implantation was significantly higher than that of PTFE grafts (85.1% vs. 30%, p&lt;0.01). Endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells (SMCs) migrated into the fibroin graft early after implantation and organized endothelial and medial layers, as determined by anti-CD31 or anti-α-smooth muscle actin immunostain-ing, respectively. Total number of SMCs increased 1.6-fold from 1 month to 3 months after implantation. Vasa vasorum was formed in adventitia. Sirius-red staining revealed that the content of collagen in fibroin grafts significantly increased at 1 year after implantation (520.9±0.2%, p&lt;0.05) with decrease in fibroin fiber content (32.9±1.9%, p&lt;0.05). To investigate the origin of the cells of neointima and media, bone marrow (BM) transplantation was performed from GFP rats to wild-type rats. GFP-positive cells substantially contributed to organization of endothelium and smooth muscle layers in the fibroin grafts implanted into the BM chimeric rats. The rate of BM-derived SMCs was 70% at 1 month and 55% at 3 months after implantation. Conclusion: A small-diameter fibroin-based vascular graft has significantly higher patency than a PTFE-based graft. BM-derived cells substantially contribute to the initial formation of SMCs layer after graft implantation. The number of non-BM-derived SMCs increases at chronic phase. Fibroin might be a promising material to engineer vascular prosthesis for small arteries.
Factors in medical students' choice of psychiatry
Authors: P F Eagle, L R Marcos
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1980)

The authors review the literature on and systematize the factors influencing medical students' choice of psychiatry as a specialty. The results indicate that students who are single, from large metropolitan areas, uninterested in religion, politically liberal, interested in humanitarian ideas, who score low in authoritarianism, have a high capacity to tolerate ambiguity, have a high level of anxiety and fear of death, and have low self-esteem are likely to choose psychiatry. In medical school, the students likely to choose psychiatry have a lower class rank and express positive attitudes toward psychiatry and psychiatrists. Exposure to and taking responsiblity for patients, especially patients with good prognoses, are crucial factors encouraging students to be psychiatrists.
Regulation of AMP-activated protein kinase by natural and synthetic activators
Authors: David Grahame Hardie
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2015)

The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a sensor of cellular energy status that is almost universally expressed in eukaryotic cells. While it appears to have evolved in single-celled eukaryotes to regulate energy balance in a cell-autonomous manner, during the evolution of multicellular animals its role has become adapted so that it also regulates energy balance at the whole body level, by responding to hormones that act primarily on the hypothalamus. AMPK monitors energy balance at the cellular level by sensing the ratios of AMP/ATP and ADP/ATP, and recent structural analyses of the AMPK heterotrimer that have provided insight into the complex mechanisms for these effects will be discussed. Given the central importance of energy balance in diseases that are major causes of morbidity or death in humans, such as type 2 diabetes, cancer and inflammatory disorders, there has been a major drive to develop pharmacological activators of AMPK. Many such activators have been described, and the various mechanisms by which these activate AMPK will be discussed. A particularly large class of AMPK activators are natural products of plants derived from traditional herbal medicines. While the mechanism by which most of these activate AMPK has not yet been addressed, I will argue that many of them may be defensive compounds produced by plants to deter infection by pathogens or grazing by insects or herbivores, and that many of them will turn out to be inhibitors of mitochondrial function.
Abstract 2724: Predictors of Depressive Symptoms in Caregivers of Patients with Heart Failure
Authors: Misook L Chung, Susan J Pressler, Terry A Lennie, Debra K Moser
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Millions of family members deliver informal care and support to patients with heart failure (HF). Accumulating evidence suggests that caregivers of patients with HF suffer from depressive symptoms, but factors associated with depressive symptoms are unknown. Identification of such factors could provide targets for intervention. Three possible factors that are amenable to intervention are caregivers’ functional status, their sense of caregiving burden, and perceived control. (1) To examine differences in functional status, perceived control, and caregiving experiences (time, difficulty, and burden) between depressed and non-depressed caregivers; (2) To examine whether these factors predict caregivers’ depressive symptoms. A total of 92 caregivers (mean age of 57 years; female 75%; spousal caregiver 80%) of patients with HF were recruited from outpatient clinics at two community hospitals and an academic medical center in central Kentucky. Their depressive symptoms were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). Functional status was assessed using the Duke Activity Status Index. Perceived control was assessed using the Control Attitudes Scale-Revised. Caregiving difficulty, time, and burden were assessed using the Bakas Caregiving Inventory and the Zarit Caregiver Burden Scale. Caregivers were grouped using the standard cut point of 13 on the BDI-II score. The 27% of caregivers with depressive symptoms had poorer functional status (21± 20 vs. 34 ± 19; p =.007), lower perceived control (22 ± 4 vs. 25 ± 4; p = .005), and higher caregiving burden (26 ± 14 vs. 13 ± 10; p&lt; .001) than caregivers without depressive symptoms. Controlling for age and gender in a multiple regression, functional disability (sβ= −.298, p&lt;.001), perceived control (sβ= −.298, p&lt;.001), and caregiver burden (sβ= .328, p=.002) explained 45% of the variance in caregivers’ depressive symptoms. Caregivers’ functional disability, poor controllability, and burden related to caregiving were associated with depressive symptoms. These findings suggest that depressed caregivers of patients with HF may benefit from interventions that improve perceived control, address caregiving burden and functional status.
Abstract 12204: Long-Term Effect of Ezetimibe-Plus-Statin vs Double-Dose Statin on Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Lowering in Coronary Artery Disease Patients Pre-Treated with a Statin; Focus on Cholesterol Absorption and Synthesis
Authors: Kozo Okada, Kazuo Kimura, Noriaki Iwahashi, Tsutomu Endo, Hideo Himeno, Kazuki Fukui, Shunichi Kobayashi, Makoto Shimizu, Yuji Iwasawa, Yukiko Morita, Atsushi Wada, Tomohiko Shigemasa, Yasuyuki Mochida, Tomoaki Shimizu, Reimin Sawada, Kazuaki Uchino, Satoshi Umemura
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Long-term effect of ezetimibe-plus-statin therapy on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) lowering including cholesterol metabolism (absorption and synthesis) remains unclear. Me...
Efficacy Of Ruxolitinib In Korean Myelofibrosis Patients and Cases Complicated TB Lymphadenitis During The Treatment
Authors: Yeo-Kyeoung Kim, Se Ryeon Lee, Yong Park, Chul Won Choi, Soo Jeong Kim, Ho-Young Yhim, Inho Kim, Doyeun Oh, Yeung-Chul Mun, Sung-Nam Lim, Jeong-A Kim, Myung-Geun Shin, Jong-Ho Won
Journal: Blood (2013)
Abstract 15393: Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator-1alpha Regulates Cardiomyocyte Oxidative Stress Responsiveness in ST-segment Elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Oscar Fabregat-Andres, Miguel Corbi-Pascual, Alfonso Valle-Muñoz, Elena Lucas-Inarejos, Monica Ferrando-Beltran, Pilar Garcia-Gonzalez, Bruno Bochard, Maria Monsalve, Jordi Estornell-Erill, Francisco Ridocci-Soriano
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator-1alpha (PGC-1α), a master transcription factor that regulates oxidative stress mitochondrial protection system, is induced o...
Abstract 13786: Angiotensin-Receptors Blockers are Associated with Reduced Progression of Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Romain Capoulade, Marie-Annick Clavel, Patrick Mathieu, Nancy Cote, Jean G Dumesnil, Marie Arsenault, Elizabeth Bedard, Philippe Pibarot
Journal: Circulation (2011)

BACKGROUND:  Recent experimental studies suggested that activation of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) could play a role in calcific aortic stenosis (AS), but previous clinical studies have provided conflicting results. Our aim was to examine the effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARBs) on AS progression.   METHODS:  340 consecutive patients with AS and preserved LV ejection fraction were included; 16% were on ARBs and 34% on ACEIs, 50% had no RAS medication (23% with hypertension (HTN group) and 27% without HTN (Ctrl group)).AS progression rate was evaluated by annualized peak aortic jet velocity (V peak ).   RESULTS:  Patients with RAS inhibitors were older (p=0.0009) and had higher prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) (p peak : 2.9±0.5 m/s). When compared to Ctrl group, HTN group had faster (p=0.006) AS progression (Figure). ARBs group tended (p=0.1) to have slower progression when compared to Ctrl group. After adjustment for propensity score (PS) representing the probability of having a RAS inhibitor, ARBs (p=0.003) but not ACEIs were significantly associated with reduced progression rate of AS. On multivariable analysis including age, gender, diabetes, CAD, systolic blood pressure, V peak , and PS, ARBs treatment (p=0.006) was independently associated with reduced progression. All-cause mortality (mean follow-up time: 3.9±2.1yrs) was also significantly (p=0.005) higher in HTN (17%) or ACEIs (26%) groups compared to Ctrl (9%) or ARBs (8%) groups.   CONCLUSION:  Systemic hypertension was associated with faster stenosis progression and increased mortality in patients with AS. ARBs but not ACEIs abolished these negative effects. These results could be explained by the fact that ARBs provide more complete blockade of inflammatory and fibro-calcific processes.