tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Multi‐Enzyme‐Based Superabsorbent Hydrogel for Self‐Enhanced NIR‐II Photothermal‐Catalytic Antibacterial Therapy
Authors: Xiaofeng Ren, Xiaozhe Wang, Jie Yang, Xiaoyu Zhang, Baojie Du, Peirong Bai, Liping Li, Ruiping Zhang
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Abstract The synergistic strategy of nanozyme‐based catalytic therapy and photothermal therapy holds great potential for combating bacterial infection. However, challenges such as single and limited enzyme catalytic property, unfavorable catalytic environment, ineffective interaction between nanozymes and bacteria, unsafe laser irradiation ranges, and failed trauma fluid management impede their antibacterial capability and wound healing speed. Herein, for the first time, a PNMn hydrogel is fabricated with multi‐enzyme activities and excellent near‐infrared (NIR)‐II photothermal performance for self‐enhanced NIR‐II photothermal‐catalytic capabilities to efficiently eradicate bacteria. This hydrogel triggers parallel and cascade reactions to generate •OH, •O 2 − , and 1 O 2 radicals from H 2 O 2 and O 2 without external energy input. Notably, it provides a suitable catalytic environment while capturing bacteria (≈30.1% of Escherichia coli and ≈29.3% of Staphylococcus aureus ) to reinforce antibacterial activity. Furthermore, the PNMn hydrogel expedites skin wound healing by managing excess fluid (swelling rate up to ≈7299%). The PNMn hydrogel possesses remarkable stretching, elasticity, toughness, and adhesive characteristics under any shape of the wound, thus making it suitable for wound dressing. Therefore, the PNMn hydrogel has great potential to be employed as a next‐generation wound dressing in the clinical context, providing a non‐antibiotic strategy to improve the antibacterial performance and promote wound healing.
Chemokine receptor CCR1 regulates macrophage activation through mTORC1 signaling in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Authors: Haoran Li, Tongtong Pan, Lingjia Gao, Rongxiu Ding, Yanwen Yu, Mengchen Ma, Yajiao Wang, Shengnan Jin, Yongping Chen, Chunming Ding, Liang Xu
Journal: Metabolism (2023)
Pediatric glioma histone H3.3 K27M/G34R mutations drive abnormalities in PML nuclear bodies
Authors: Hsiao P. J. Voon, Linda Hii, Andrew Garvie, Maheshi Udugama, Brian Krug, Caterina Russo, Anderly C. Chüeh, Roger J. Daly, Alison Morey, Toby D. M. Bell, Stephen J. Turner, Joseph Rosenbluh, Paul Daniel, Ron Firestein, Jeffrey R. Mann, Philippe Collas, Nada Jabado, Lee H. Wong
Journal: Genome biology (2023)

Abstract Background Point mutations in histone variant H3.3 (H3.3K27M, H3.3G34R) and the H3.3-specific ATRX/DAXX chaperone complex are frequent events in pediatric gliomas. These H3.3 point mutations affect many chromatin modifications but the exact oncogenic mechanisms are currently unclear. Histone H3.3 is known to localize to nuclear compartments known as promyelocytic leukemia (PML) nuclear bodies, which are frequently mutated and confirmed as oncogenic drivers in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Results We find that the pediatric glioma-associated H3.3 point mutations disrupt the formation of PML nuclear bodies and this prevents differentiation down glial lineages. Similar to leukemias driven by PML mutations, H3.3-mutated glioma cells are sensitive to drugs that target PML bodies. We also find that point mutations in IDH1/2—which are common events in adult gliomas and myeloid leukemias—also disrupt the formation of PML bodies. Conclusions We identify PML as a contributor to oncogenesis in a subset of gliomas and show that targeting PML bodies is effective in treating these H3.3-mutated pediatric gliomas.
Cotton pedigree genome reveals restriction of cultivar-driven strategy in cotton breeding
Authors: Shang Liu, Dongyun Zuo, Hailiang Cheng, Man He, Qiaolian Wang, Limin Lv, Youping Zhang, Javaria Ashraf, Ji Liu, Guoli Song
Journal: Genome biology (2023)

Many elite genes have been identified from the available cotton genomic data, providing various genetic resources for gene-driven breeding. However, backbone cultivar-driven breeding is the most widely applied strategy. Revealing the genetic basis of cultivar-driven strategy's restriction is crucial for transition of cotton breeding strategy.
A cluster of autochthonous dengue transmission in the Paris region – detection, epidemiology and control measures, France, October 2023
Authors: Nelly Fournet, Nathalie Voiry, Julian Rozenberg, Clément Bassi, Caroline Cassonnet, Anaïs Karch, Guillaume Durand, Gilda Grard, Gabriela Modenesi, Stevens-Boris Lakoussan, Nicolas Tayliam, Marta Zatta, Sébastien Gallien, Harold Noël, Ségolène Brichler, Arnaud Tarantola
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2023)

A cluster of three confirmed autochthonous dengue cases was detected in October 2023 in the Val-de-Marne department neighbouring Paris, France. This marks the northernmost transmission of dengue in Europe reported to date. The epidemiological and microbiological investigations and the vector control measures are described. This event confirms the need for early case detection and response to contain dengue in Europe, especially given the 2024 Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games, when millions of visitors will visit the Greater Paris area.
Factors associated with parental intention to vaccinate their child against influenza, Finland, February to March, 2022: a web-based survey
Authors: Idil Hussein, Simopekka Vänskä, Jonas Sivelä, Tuija Leino, Hanna Nohynek
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2023)

Background Influenza vaccination for children aged 6 months to 6 years is included in the national vaccination programme in Finland. Although all vaccines in the programme are free of charge, national coverage of influenza vaccination among children under 3 years and 3–6 years during 2020/21 was 43% and 35% respectively, with regional differences. Aim To assess factors underlying parental vaccination intention in order to increase influenza vaccine uptake among children. Methods We conducted a web-based survey among parents (n = 17,844) of randomly selected eligible children (aged 6 months–6 years) in February–March 2022 in five Finnish municipalities from regions of high and low coverage. Logistic regressions were used to determine associations between vaccination intention and e.g. sociodemographic factors, attitudes and knowledge. Linkage to the national vaccination register was used to confirm realisation of vaccination intention after the study. Results Participation rate was 13% (n = 2,322 parents). Influenza knowledge, trust in official information, responding parent’s education level, adherence to the vaccination programme, number of children and changes in attitudes towards vaccination since COVID-19 were all associated with intention to vaccinate. Vaccination intention for children was 64%, and realised vaccination 51%. Conclusion Despite the low participation rate, both vaccinated and unvaccinated children were represented. Influenza vaccine uptake is not dependent on a single factor. Our results identified the need for open dialogue between parents and healthcare professionals, as the lack of vaccine being offered by healthcare professionals was the most reported reason for not vaccinating.
Phenotypic profiling of solute carriers characterizes serine transport in cancer
Authors: Vasileios Papalazarou, Alice C. Newman, Alejandro Huerta-Uribe, Nathalie M. Legrave, Mattia Falcone, Tong Zhang, Lynn McGarry, Dimitris Athineos, Emma Shanks, Karen Blyth, Karen H. Vousden, Oliver D. K. Maddocks
Journal: Nature Metabolism (2023)

Abstract Serine is a vital amino acid in tumorigenesis. While cells can perform de novo serine synthesis, most transformed cells rely on serine uptake to meet their increased biosynthetic requirements. Solute carriers (SLCs), a family of transmembrane nutrient transport proteins, are the gatekeepers of amino acid acquisition and exchange in mammalian cells and are emerging as anticancer therapeutic targets; however, the SLCs that mediate serine transport in cancer cells remain unknown. Here we perform an arrayed RNAi screen of SLC-encoding genes while monitoring amino acid consumption and cell proliferation in colorectal cancer cells using metabolomics and high-throughput imaging. We identify SLC6A14 and SLC25A15 as major cytoplasmic and mitochondrial serine transporters, respectively. We also observe that SLC12A4 facilitates serine uptake. Dual targeting of SLC6A14 and either SLC25A15 or SLC12A4 diminishes serine uptake and growth of colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, particularly in cells with compromised de novo serine biosynthesis. Our results provide insight into the mechanisms that contribute to serine uptake and intracellular handling.
Longitudinal modeling of human neuronal aging reveals the contribution of the RCAN1–TFEB pathway to Huntington’s disease neurodegeneration
Authors: Seong Won Lee, Young Mi Oh, Matheus B. Victor, Yan Yang, Shawei Chen, Ilya Strunilin, Sonika Dahiya, Roland E. Dolle, Stephen C. Pak, Gary A. Silverman, David H. Perlmutter, Andrew S. Yoo
Journal: Nature Aging (2023)
A toolkit for capturing a representative and equitable sample in health research
Authors: Ameeta Retzer, Bircan Ciytak, Foram Khatsuria, Juma El-awaisi, Isobel M. Harris, Laura Chapman, Tony Kelly, Jenny Richards, Emily Lam, Philip N. Newsome, Melanie Calvert, Juma El-awaisi, Andrew Filer, Shishir Shetty, Jo Parish, Steve Watson, Elizabeth Sapey, Caroline Gillet, Jo Palmer, Zehra Yonel, Zohur Miah, Joseph Alderman, Elinor Laws, Xiaoxuan Liu
Journal: Nature Medicine (2023)

Abstract Research participants often do not represent the general population. Systematic exclusion of particular groups from research limits the generalizability of research findings and perpetuates health inequalities. Groups considered underserved by research include those whose inclusion is lower than expected based on population estimates, those with a high healthcare burden but limited research participation opportunities and those whose healthcare engagement is less than others. The REP-EQUITY toolkit guides representative and equitable inclusion in research. The toolkit was developed through a methodological systematic review and synthesis and finalized in a consensus workshop with 24 participants. The REP-EQUITY toolkit describes seven steps for investigators to consider in facilitating representative and equitable sample selection. This includes clearly defining (1) the relevant underserved groups, (2) the aims relating to equity and representativeness, (3) the sample proportion of individuals with characteristics associated with being underserved by research, (4) the recruitment goals, (5) the strategies by which external factors will be managed, (6) the methods by which representation in the final sample will be evaluated and (7) the legacy of having used the toolkit. Using the REP-EQUITY toolkit could promote trust between communities and research institutions, increase diverse participation in research and improve the generalizability of health research. National Institute for Health and Care Research PROSPERO identifier: CRD42022355391.
Injury-specific factors in the cerebrospinal fluid regulate astrocyte plasticity in the human brain
Authors: Swetlana Sirko, Christian Schichor, Patrizia Della Vecchia, Fabian Metzger, Giovanna Sonsalla, Tatiana Simon, Martina Bürkle, Sofia Kalpazidou, Jovica Ninkovic, Giacomo Masserdotti, Jean-Frederic Sauniere, Valentina Iacobelli, Stefano Iacobelli, Claire Delbridge, Stefanie M. Hauck, Jörg-Christian Tonn, Magdalena Götz
Journal: Nature Medicine (2023)

The glial environment influences neurological disease progression, yet much of our knowledge still relies on preclinical animal studies, especially regarding astrocyte heterogeneity. In murine models of traumatic brain injury, beneficial functions of proliferating reactive astrocytes on disease outcome have been unraveled, but little is known regarding if and when they are present in human brain pathology. Here we examined a broad spectrum of pathologies with and without intracerebral hemorrhage and found a striking correlation between lesions involving blood-brain barrier rupture and astrocyte proliferation that was further corroborated in an assay probing for neural stem cell potential. Most importantly, proteomic analysis unraveled a crucial signaling pathway regulating this astrocyte plasticity with GALECTIN3 as a novel marker for proliferating astrocytes and the GALECTIN3-binding protein LGALS3BP as a functional hub mediating astrocyte proliferation and neurosphere formation. Taken together, this work identifies a therapeutically relevant astrocyte response and their molecular regulators in different pathologies affecting the human cerebral cortex.
DNA methylation modulated genetic variant effect on gene transcriptional regulation
Authors: Yong Zeng, Rahi Jain, Magnus Lam, Musaddeque Ahmed, Haiyang Guo, Wenjie Xu, Yuan Zhong, Gong-Hong Wei, Wei Xu, Housheng Hansen He
Journal: Genome biology (2023)

Abstract Background Expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analysis has emerged as an important tool in elucidating the link between genetic variants and gene expression, thereby bridging the gap between risk SNPs and associated diseases. We recently identified and validated a specific case where the methylation of a CpG site influences the relationship between the genetic variant and gene expression. Results Here, to systematically evaluate this regulatory mechanism, we develop an extended eQTL mapping method, termed DNA methylation modulated eQTL (memo-eQTL). Applying this memo-eQTL mapping method to 128 normal prostate samples enables identification of 1063 memo-eQTLs, the majority of which are not recognized as conventional eQTLs in the same cohort. We observe that the methylation of the memo-eQTL CpG sites can either enhance or insulate the interaction between SNP and gene expression by altering CTCF-based chromatin 3D structure. Conclusions This study demonstrates the prevalence of memo-eQTLs paving the way to identify novel causal genes for traits or diseases associated with genetic variations.
Profound sympathetic neuropathy in the bone marrow of patients with acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Iryna Kovtun, Malte von Bonin, Liliia Ibneeva, Julia Frimmel, Jan Moritz Middeke, Desiree Kunadt, Lisa Heberling, Manja Wobus, Martin Bornhäuser, Tatyana Grinenko
Journal: Leukemia (2023)
Elimination of Senescent Osteocytes by Bone‐Targeting Delivery of β‐Galactose‐Modified Maytansinoid Prevents Age‐Related Bone Loss
Authors: Yi He, Lei Zhang, Xiang Chen, Bin Liu, Xiaoyan Shao, Depeng Fang, Jiaquan Lin, Na Liu, Yabing Lou, Jianghui Qin, Qing Jiang, Baosheng Guo
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Abstract The accumulation of senescent cells in bone during aging contributes to senile osteoporosis, and clearance of senescent cells by senolytics could effectively alleviate bone loss. However, the applications of senolytics are limited due to their potential toxicities. Herein, small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) have been modified by incorporating bone‐targeting peptide, specifically (AspSerSer) 6 , to encapsulate galactose‐modified Maytansinoids (DM1). These modified vesicles are referred to as (AspSerSer) 6 ‐sEVs/DM1‐Gal, and they have been designed to specifically clear the senescent osteocytes in bone tissue. In addition, the elevated activity of lysosomal β‐galactosidase in senescent osteocytes, but not normal cells in bone tissue, could break down DM1‐Gal to release free DM1 for selective elimination of senescent osteocytes. Mechanically, DM1 could disrupt tubulin polymerization, subsequently inducing senescent osteocytes apoptosis. Further, administration of bone‐targeting senolytics to aged mice could alleviate aged‐related bone loss without non‐obvious toxicity. Overall, this bone‐targeting senolytics could act as a novel candidate for specific clearance of senescent osteocytes, ameliorating age‐related bone loss, with a promising therapeutic potential for senile osteoporosis.
Recommendations to Improve Quality of Probiotic Systematic Reviews With Meta-Analyses
Authors: Lynne V. McFarland, Gail Hecht, Mary E. Sanders, Debra A. Goff, Ellie J. C. Goldstein, Colin Hill, Stuart Johnson, Maryam R. Kashi, Ravina Kullar, Maria L. Marco, Daniel J. Merenstein, Mathieu Millette, Geoffrey A. Preidis, Eamonn M. M. Quigley, Gregor Reid, Seppo Salminen, Jason C. Sniffen, Harry Sokol, Hania Szajewska, Daniel J. Tancredi, Kristin Woolard
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Importance Systematic reviews and meta-analyses often report conflicting results when assessing evidence for probiotic efficacy, partially because of the lack of understanding of the unique features of probiotic trials. As a consequence, clinical decisions on the use of probiotics have been confusing. Objective To provide recommendations to improve the quality and consistency of systematic reviews with meta-analyses on probiotics, so evidence-based clinical decisions can be made with more clarity. Evidence Review For this consensus statement, an updated literature review was conducted (January 1, 2020, to June 30, 2022) to supplement a previously published 2018 literature search to identify areas where probiotic systematic reviews with meta-analyses might be improved. An expert panel of 21 scientists and physicians with experience on writing and reviewing probiotic reviews and meta-analyses was convened and used a modified Delphi method to develop recommendations for future probiotic reviews. Findings A total of 206 systematic reviews with meta-analysis components on probiotics were screened and representative examples discussed to determine areas for improvement. The expert panel initially identified 36 items that were inconsistently reported or were considered important to consider in probiotic meta-analyses. Of these, a consensus was reached for 9 recommendations to improve the quality of future probiotic meta-analyses. Conclusions and Relevance In this study, the expert panel reached a consensus on 9 recommendations that should promote improved reporting of probiotic systematic reviews with meta-analyses and, thereby, assist in clinical decisions regarding the use of probiotics.
Plastic persisters: revival stem cells in colorectal cancer
Authors: Christopher J. Tape
Journal: Trends in cancer (2023)

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is traditionally considered to be a genetically driven disease. However, nongenetic plasticity has recently emerged as a major driver of tumour initiation, metastasis, and therapy response in CRC. Central to these processes is a recently discovered cell type, the revival colonic stem cell (revCSC). In contrast to traditional proliferative CSCs (proCSCs), revCSCs prioritise survival over propagation. revCSCs play an essential role in primary tumour formation, metastatic dissemination, and nongenetic chemoresistance. Current evidence suggests that CRC tumours leverage intestinal stem cell plasticity to both proliferate (via proCSCs) when unchallenged and survive (via revCSCs) in response to cell-extrinsic pressures. Although revCSCs likely represent a major source of therapeutic failure in CRC, our increasing knowledge of this important stem cell fate provides novel opportunities for therapeutic intervention.
Disinhibition by VIP interneurons is orthogonal to cross-modal attentional modulation in primary visual cortex
Authors: Dylan Myers-Joseph, Katharina A. Wilmes, Marian Fernandez-Otero, Claudia Clopath, Adil G. Khan
Journal: Neuron (2023)

Attentional modulation of sensory processing is a key feature of cognition; however, its neural circuit basis is poorly understood. A candidate mechanism is the disinhibition of pyramidal cells through vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and somatostatin (SOM)-positive interneurons. However, the interaction of attentional modulation and VIP-SOM disinhibition has never been directly tested. We used all-optical methods to bi-directionally manipulate VIP interneuron activity as mice performed a cross-modal attention-switching task. We measured the activities of VIP, SOM, and parvalbumin (PV)-positive interneurons and pyramidal neurons identified in the same tissue and found that although activity in all cell classes was modulated by both attention and VIP manipulation, their effects were orthogonal. Attention and VIP-SOM disinhibition relied on distinct patterns of changes in activity and reorganization of interactions between inhibitory and excitatory cells. Circuit modeling revealed a precise network architecture consistent with multiplexing strong yet non-interacting modulations in the same neural population.
Multiple Non‐Covalent Cross‐Linked Multifunctional Strong Hemostatic Agent for Dynamic Exposure Hemostasis
Authors: Weijun Ji, Sidi Li, Xin Hou, Jin Zhao, Xubo Yuan
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Trauma requires immediate hemostasis during primary care, as well as durable hemostasis that can withstand dynamic wound exposure. Although current hemostatic materials can treat bleeding sites in emergency situations, their mechanical strength and storage conditions limit their practical application. The simultaneous combination of good mechanical properties, storage stability, biocompatibility, and rapid hemostasis of hemostatic materials remains a challenge. In this paper, a novel hemostatic material based on multiple non-covalent bond crosslinking, which has excellent mechanical properties, good biocompatibility, storage stability, and rapid hemostasis ability, is reported. Under the drive of multiple non-covalent bonds, the flowability of hydrogel micro-modules (HM) decreases rapidly within 20 s after exposure to physiological saline. The HM form a gel barrier with a tensile strength of 62.10 kPa and an elongation at break of 1976% under multiple non-covalent bonding. Furthermore, the mechanical properties do not change significantly after 30 days of storage. Cell viability is maintained at over 80% after 3 days of incubation with the cells, and the hemolysis test shows a very low hemolysis rate (2.08%). The hemostatic gel formed by HM effectively prevents secondary bleeding in dynamic hemostasis experiments simulating transportation. This work provides a hemostatic material with comprehensive properties for practical applications.
Full field-of-view virtual reality goggles for mice
Authors: Domonkos Pinke, John B. Issa, Gabriel A. Dara, Gergely Dobos, Daniel A. Dombeck
Journal: Neuron (2023)

Visual virtual reality (VR) systems for head-fixed mice offer advantages over real-world studies for investigating the neural circuitry underlying behavior. However, current VR approaches do not fully cover the visual field of view of mice, do not stereoscopically illuminate the binocular zone, and leave the lab frame visible. To overcome these limitations, we developed iMRSIV (Miniature Rodent Stereo Illumination VR)—VR goggles for mice. Our system is compact, separately illuminates each eye for stereo vision, and provides each eye with an ∼180° field of view, thus excluding the lab frame while accommodating saccades. Mice using iMRSIV while navigating engaged in virtual behaviors more quickly than in a current monitor-based system and displayed freezing and fleeing reactions to overhead looming stimulation. Using iMRSIV with two-photon functional imaging, we found large populations of hippocampal place cells during virtual navigation, global remapping during environment changes, and unique responses of place cell ensembles to overhead looming stimulation.
Screen Time and Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Yaakov Ophir, Hananel Rosenberg, Refael Tikochinski, Shani Dalyot, Yuliya Lipshits-Braziler
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Contemporary studies raise concerns regarding the implications of excessive screen time on the development of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the existing literature consists of mixed and unquantified findings.