tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
State hospital patients and their medication--do they know what they take?
Authors: Jeffrey L. Geller
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1982)

The author surveyed the population of a state hospital (N = 281) to ascertain the level of knowledge patients had about their medication. Approximately 8% of the patients correctly indicated the name of at least one medication they were taking, its dosage schedule, and its intended effect; approximately 54% of the patients evidenced no understanding of the medication they were regularly taking. Significant differences in understanding of medication were found as a function of diagnosis, age, and length of stay. The finding that few patients were knowledgeable about their medication raises doubts about recent court rulings on patients' competency to refuse medication.
Severe depressive pseudodementia with and without dementia
Authors: T W McAllister, T R Price
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1982)

Recent work has documented the existence of the syndrome of pseudodementia. The authors present four cases of depressive pseudodementia, two without associated dementing illnesses and two that occurred in the context of dementing illnesses. These cases emphasize the difficult nature of differential diagnosis and the profound cognitive impairment that can occur in depressive illness. They also document the coexistence of pseudodementia with "true" dementia. The authors discuss diagnostic and management issues for clinicians treating patients with pseudodementia and depressive illness.
Abstract 11360: Three Dimensional Speckle Tracking Strain Evaluation of Right Ventricular Mechanics in Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Tetsuari Onishi, Stephanie C Haberman, Olusegun A Oyenuga, Toshinari Onishi, Toshikazu Tanaka, Marc Simon, Hunter Champion, John Gorcsan
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Assessment of right ventricular (RV) mechanical function in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is clinically important but challenging using current 2-dimensional (2D) ...
A possible outbreak of hepatitis A associated with semi-dried tomatoes, England, July–November 2011
Authors: C Carvalho, H L Thomas, K Balogun, R Tedder, R Pebody, M Ramsay, S L Ngui
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2012)

In October 2011, two primary cases of hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection with identical HAV genotype IB strains to those seen in other outbreaks associated with semi-dried tomatoes were reported in England. Both cases had consumed semi-dried tomatoes. Epidemiological investigations revealed two additional cases of genotype IB strains with different sequences who also reported having consumed semi-dried tomatoes. In November, five cases of HAV infection with closely related strains were identified in the Netherlands. A foodborne multiple-strain outbreak is suspected.
Abstract 13349: Decreasing the EMS to Balloon Time for ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Model for Managing STEMI in Rural Communities
Authors: Ronald D Jenkins, Dennis B Cooke, Kevin M Kavanaugh, Belinda A Childers, Frank A Rinella, Robert G Wakeley, Kenneth J Gramyk
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has become the standard of care for the management of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients when door-to-balloon (D2B) times can be ac...
Abstract 16142: Identification of Endogenous Anti-Atherogenic Protein Which Blocks the Interaction Between Oxidized LDL and Its Receptors
Authors: Akemi Kakino, Atsushi Nakano, Yoshiko Fujita, Tatsuya Sawamura
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: It has been generally understood that oxidized LDL (oxLDL) is one of the causes of atherosclerosis. Through binding to its various receptors, oxLDL induces dysfunction in endothelium, c...
Abstract 16452: LCAT, HDL Cholesterol and Myocardial Infarction - A Mendelian Randomization Study of HDL Cholesterol in 54,500 Individuals
Authors: Christiane L Haase, Anne Tybjaerg-Hansen, Abbas A Qayyum, Jesper Schou, Borge G Nordestgaard, Ruth Frikke-Schmidt
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Epidemiologically, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels relate inversely to risk of ischemic cardiovascular disease. We tested whether genetic variation in lecithin:chole...
Abstract 18356: The Breast Cancer Resistance Protein (BCRP) c.421C>A Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Increases Steady-state Plasma Concentration of Rosuvastatin
Authors: Simon P Romaine, Kristian M Bailey, Mikko Niemi, Pertti J Neuvonen, Anthony J Balmforth, Alistair S Hall
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: The hepatic efflux transporter BCRP (ABCG2) c.421C>A (p.Gln141Lys) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) has previously been shown to increase the cholesterol-lowering efficacy of rosuva...
Abstract 4330: Imaging Markers and Biomarkers of Subclinical Atherosclerosis Predict Changes in Regional and Global Left Ventricular Function as well as Incident Congestive Heart Failure in Asymptomatic Adults: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Hossein Bahrami, Veronica Fernandes, Robyn L McClelland, Matthew Budoff, Antoinette S Gomes, Daniel H O'Leary, Richard Kronmal, David A Bluemke, Joao A Lima
Journal: Circulation (2008)
Phage typing of Salmonella Typhimurium – is it still a useful tool for surveillance and outbreak investigation?
Authors: D L Baggesen, G Sørensen, E M Nielsen, H  C Wegener
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2010)

Phage typing has for decades been useful as a phenotypical, definitive method for epidemiological characterisation of Salmonella Typhimurium. The system recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborative Centre for phage typing of Salmonella has, however, become rather complex, and the present study illustrates the challenges of sufficient standardisation of the interpretation of lysis results to make sure that the same strain is assigned to the same phage type in different laboratories. Even though molecular typing methods will replace phenotypic characterisation methods in the future, it is our opinion that phage typing will remain for some time a useful tool to strengthen global Salmonella surveillance. Therefore, improved standardisation and quality assurance is essential to obtain a robust and harmonized method that allows comparison of results between laboratories.
Correlations of premorbid adjustment in schizophrenia with auditory event-related potential and neuropsychological abnormalities
Authors: James J. Levitt, Brian O'Donnell, Robert W. McCarley, Paul G. Nestor, Martha E. Shenton
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1996)

The authors examined the relationship between premorbid adjustment in schizophrenia and event-related potential data and neuropsychological data obtained after onset of the illness.They interviewed 13 male veterans with chronic schizophrenia, 12 normal comparison subjects, and their first-degree relatives and also obtained objective data from the patients' school records and charts. They used interview and objective data to score the Cannon-Spoor Premorbid Adjustment Scale. Patients and comparison subjects were also given event-related potential tests, the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, and the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised.Worse premorbid adjustment in the schizophrenic patients was significantly associated with a marked reduction of the N2 component amplitude of the auditory event-related potential measured over the left temporal and central regions, but it was not associated with the P3 component amplitude. Worse Premorbid Adjustment Scale scores were significantly associated with more perseverative errors on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and worse performance on the visual memory span task of the Wechsler Memory Scale.Premorbid adjustment may predict the severity of specific neurophysiological and neuropsychological abnormalities in schizophrenia.
Iterative Reconstruction to Preserve Image Quality and Diagnostic Accuracy at Reduced Radiation Dose in Coronary CT Angiography
Authors: Wei-Hua Yin, Bin Lu, Nan Li, Lei Han, Zhi-Hui Hou, Run-Ze Wu, Yong-Jian Wu, Hong-Xia Niu, Shi-Liang Jiang, Aleksander W. Krazinski, Ullrich Ebersberger, Felix G. Meinel, U. Joseph Schoepf
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2013)
Abstract 11220: Global Left Ventricular Afterload as an Important Determinant of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Patients with Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Jeong-Sook Seo, Yoo Ri Kim, Sung Won Cho, Dae-Hee Kim, Jong-Min Song, Duk-Hyun Kang, Jae-Kwan Song
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: We sought to test the hemodynamic significance of global left ventricular (LV) afterload reflecting combined valvular and arterial resistance to LV ejection in patients with aortic sten...
Addition of desipramine to serotonin reuptake inhibitors in treatment- resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder
Authors: L C Barr, W K Goodman, A Anand, C J McDougle, L H Price
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1997)

The purpose of this study was to determine whether combined treatment with a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) and a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, desipramine, effectively reduces obsessive-compulsive symptoms in patients who do not respond to SSRIs.In a double-blind study, desipramine or placebo was added for 6 or 10 weeks to the treatment of 30 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder whose symptoms were refractory to SSRI treatment (fluvoxamine, fluoxetine, or sertraline) alone.There were no significant differences between the adjunctive desipramine and placebo groups in obsessive-compulsive or depressive symptoms.These data suggest that clomipramine's possibly superior efficacy in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive symptoms may not stem from its capacity to inhibit reuptake of norepinephrine.
Abstract 8089: A Novel Method to Inhibit Diabetes Accelerated Atherosclerosis in a Pig Model
Authors: Laura Maile, Timothy Nichols, William Flowers, David Clemmons
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Smooth muscle cells grown in high glucose are more responsive to IGF-I than those grown in normal glucose. This requires ligand binding to a unique region of the β3 subunit (C-loop) of αVβ3 integrin. This study was undertaken to determine whether systemic administration of an anti-C-loop β3 (Cloop) antibody to hyperglycemic pigs would inhibit the IGF-I mediated signaling events and the development of atherosclerosis. Pigs were placed on a high fat diet containing between 0.5 and 2% cholesterol to maintain circulating cholesterol levels &gt; 500mg/dL. Hyperglycemia (glucose levels &gt; 350mg/dL) was induced with a single injection of streptozotocin (50mg/kg). At the onset of hyperglycemia subcutaneous injections of either control or Cloop antibody were given every 72 hours for 16 weeks (0.3mg/kg). The mean neointimal area (defined as the area inside the internal elastic lamina minus the luminal area) of the aorta was reduced by 70% in the pigs treated with the anti-Cloop antibody compared with the diabetic pigs treated with control antibody. There was a &gt; 90% reduction in neointimal area in the left main artery in the treated compared with the untreated control pigs. Similarly, there was a greater than 75% reduction in neointimal area in the right coronary artery and circumflex artery. Treatment with the antibody reduced the neointimal formation in the left anterior descending artery by 30%. Biochemical analysis of femoral artery homogenates demonstrated that treatment with the anti-Cloop antibody reduced MAPK and AKT signaling by 36 and 40 % respectively compared with control treated animals. We have previously shown that IGF-I stimulation of these pathways is increased in hyperglycemia in a β3 ligand occupancy dependent manner and results in SMC migration and proliferation. To confirm inhibition of β3 activation we determined that there was a 43% reduction in β3 phosphorylation, a marker of its activation state. Our results demonstrate that systemic administration of the C-loop antibody to hyperglycemic hyperlipidemic pigs reduces IGF-I signaling and this is associated with a significant reduction in the development of atherosclerotic lesions in the coronary arteries and aorta.
The volume effect of the stomach on intestinal activity on same-day exercise--rest Tc-99m tetrofosmin myocardial imaging.
Authors: ADIL BOZ, AKIN YILDIZ, FIRAT GUNGOR, BINNUR KARAYALCIN, METIN ERKILIC
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2001)

Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate quantitatively the volume effect of the stomach on the prevention of intestinal artifacts in the rest phase on same-day exercise–rest Tc-99m tetrofosmin myocardial perfusion scintigraphy. Materials and Methods The study was performed in 81 consecutive patients (43 men, 38 women; mean age, 57 ± 9 years) who were referred for routine Tc-99m tetrofosmin exercise–rest SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging with normal scintigrams or completely normal inferior wall perfusion on visual assessment of SPECT images. Group A (control group, n = 41) and group B (n = 40) were given 200 ml milk to enhance the hepatobiliary clearance of tetrofosmin 30 minutes before the exercise SPECT acquisition study and just after the injection for the rest SPECT acquisition study. For the rest SPECT acquisition study, patients in group B were given, in addition to milk, a standard solid and fluid meal to enhance the volume of the stomach after the injection of Tc-99m tetrofosmin. In all patients, both exercise and rest SPECT acquisitions were started 45 minutes after the injection of Tc-99m tetrofosmin. Myocardial and abdominal activity were assessed on three separate views in the rest phase of the study, and the mean myocardium-to-abdomen count ratios were calculated. In addition, the presence of interfering intestinal activity was assessed visually on SPECT images. Infracardiac activity was described as absent when it was equal to lung background. Results The myocardial-to-abdominal ratios were 1.38 ± 0.05 and 1.95 ± 0.04 in groups A and B, respectively (P < 0.0001). Interfering intestinal activity with varying degrees of intensity was seen in 20 patients in group A (49%) and in 5 patients in group B (13%;P < 0.001). Conclusions These results suggest that filling of the stomach with some fluid and solid food before rest acquisition on the same-day stress–rest protocol, because of its volume effect, may provide a high target-to-nontarget ratio for myocardial imaging and thus may reduce the frequency of intestinal artifacts.
Abstract 3197: A Novel Small Molecule Inhibitor Targeted Towards MMP9 Significantly Slows Down Formation of abdominal Aortic Aneurysms in a Rat Model
Authors: Helena Kuivaniemi, Brenda S Cho, Lakshmi Padmavathi, Hongxia Liu, Karen Roelofs, John W Ford, Indranil Sinha, Gerard Tromp, Gilbert R Upchurch, Amit Banerjee
Journal: Circulation (2006)
Abstract 12553: Value of Multi-Slice Computed Tomography for Valve Sizing and Prevention of Aortic Regurgitation in Patients Referred for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation
Authors: Mariam Samim, Pieter R Stella, Pierfrancesco Agostoni, Jalanda Kluin, Faiez Ramjankhan, Michiel Voskuil, Andre Vincentelli, Emanuela Paparoni, Gertjan Sieswerda, Marieke Hillaert, Lex van Herwerden, Pieter A Doevendans, Eric van Belle
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Moderate to massive aortic regurgitation (AR) is occurring in 30% of cases after TAVI. Pre-procedural assessment of aortic annulus diameter is key for appropriate sizing of the prosthesis and preve...
Low neuroleptic serum levels in patients receiving fluphenazine decanoate
Authors: Tune Le, Creese I, Coyle Jt, Pearlson G, Snyder Sh
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1980)

The authors monitored serum levels of fluphenazine in nine patients following injections of fluphenazine decanoate ranging from 10 to 75 mg. Levels were detected by a radioreceptor assay based on the ability of the drug to complete with 3H-spiroperidol for binding to dopamine receptors in rat caudate membranes. Serum levels of fluphenazine were quite stable over a 2- to 3-week period following single intramuscular injections of the decanoate and correlated with injected dose. Following decanoate treatment serum levels of fluphenazine are substantially lower than levels observed for most other neuroleptics administered orally. This raises questions as to how fluphenazine decanoate can exert therapeutic actions.
Abstract 2879: Targeted and Tailored: A New Approach to Regeneration after a Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Hiroko Fujii, Shu-Hong Li, Yasuo Miyagi, Shafie Fazel, Terrence M Yau, Kensuke Egashira, Richard D Weisel, Ren-Ke Li
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Rationale: Targeted: Ultrasound targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD) delivers genes directly to the injured myocardium. Tailored: UTMD could permit recurrent treatment until recovery is complete. Hypothesis: Repeated UTMD is a novel strategy to induce tissue regeneration and improve ventricular function after a myocardial infarction. Methods: Microbubbles were mixed with plasmids containing stem cell factor (SCF) and stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1α genes. Seven days after coronary artery ligation, adult rats underwent UTMD either 1, 3 or 6 times at 2-day intervals in 4 randomly assigned groups: Control group: 6 UTMD treatments with empty plasmid (n=4); Repeat 1 (n=6), Repeat 3 (n=7), Repeat 6 (n=6) groups: 1, 3 or 6 treatments, respectively, of UTMD with SCF and SDF-1α plasmid DNA. Cardiac function (echocardiography) and myocardial perfusion (myocardial contrast echocardiography) were assessed on days 0, 10 and 24 after the first treatment. Biochemical assessments were performed on day 24. Results: Cardiac function was highest in the Repeat 6 group (p&lt;0.05 vs. Repeat 1). Myocardial SCF levels were higher after multiple rather than single UTMD treatments (p&lt;0.05 for Repeat 3 and Repeat 6 vs. Repeat 1), with the highest levels in the Repeat 6 group (p&lt;0.05 vs. Repeat 3). Myocardial SDF-1α levels and c-kit-positive cell counts also increased with the maximum number of treatments (p&lt;0.05 for Repeat 6 vs. Repeat 1). Myocardial CXCR4-positive cells were more numerous in the remote regions of both multiple UTMD groups (p&lt;0.05 for Repeat 3 and Repeat 6 vs. Repeat 1). Both myocardial perfusion in the infarct region and vascular density (Factor VIII or alpha-smooth muscle actin staining) in the border zone increased with repeated treatments (p&lt;0.05 for Repeat 3 and Repeat 6 vs. Repeat 1), with an additional increase in the Repeat 6 group (p&lt;0.01 vs. Repeat 3). Conclusions: Targeted ultrasound delivery of SCF and SDF-1α genes to the myocardium induced angiogenesis, recruited progenitor cells and improved cardiac function. Multiple UTMD treatments further enhanced regeneration. Tailoring the treatment by providing the number of interventions required to restore function provides a new approach to cardiac regeneration following a myocardial infarction.
Nephritic Factor of the Classical Pathway of Complement
Authors: L. Halbwachs, M. Leveillé, Ph. Lesavre, S. Wattel, J. Leibowitch
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1980)

A factor, functionally characterized by its capacity to stabilize the normally labile classical pathway C3-converting complex of the classical pathway of complement, has been isolated from the serum of one patient with a case of acute glomerulonephritis, subsequent to a cutaneous infection. The factor confers long-lived stabilization of classical pathway C3 convertase complexes formed both in the solid (sensitized sheep erythrocytes bearing activated C1 and the classical pathway C3 convertase) and fluid phase. The half-life of such stabilized C3-cleaving enzymes extended beyond several hours at 37 degrees C. The stabilizing activity was associated with a protein fraction immunochemically identified as immunoglobulin (Ig)G, a sizeable population of which exhibited a gamma chain of 60,000 daltons. The IgG-associated stabilizing activity was found to bind to the classical pathway C3 convertase enzyme via a fragment bearing the antigen-binding site of the molecule [F(ab)(2) and F(ab)]. Such binding was demonstrable for classical pathway and not for alternative pathway C3 convertase. Thus, the stabilizing factor behaves like an autoantibody to the C3-converting complex of the classical pathway of complement. The binding of the antibody to the enzyme affords protection of the latter against decay-degradation. By analogy with the nephritic factor of the alternative pathway situation where IgG autoantibodies specifically bind to alternative pathway C3 convertase enzymes and protect them from degradation, the functionally unusual IgG in our patient was designated as the nephritic factor of the classical pathway. Indirect evidence suggests that nephritic factor of the classical pathway-IgG might be of the IgG3 subclass.
Analysis Of Hematological Improvement With Iron Chelation Therapy Using Deferasirox In Subject Ts With Therapy-Refractory Severe Aplastic Anemia
Authors: Wataru Jomen, Hiroyuki Kuroda, Masahiro Yoshida, Michiko Yamada, Tomoyuki Abe, Tamaki Sakurai, Shigeyuki Fujii, Masahiro Maeda, Miri Fujita, Teppei Matsuno, Masanori Sato, Masayoshi Kobune, Junji Kato
Journal: Blood (2013)
Abstract 16154: The LargPAD Trial: Phase IIA Evaluation of L-Arginine Supplementation in Patients With Peripheral Arterial Disease
Authors: Vikram S Kashyap, Ryan O Lakin, Timur P Sarac, Lindsay E Feiten, James F Bena, Sandra Harris
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Objective: Endothelial function is improved by L-Arginine supplementation (L-Arg) in preclinical studies. We hypothesize that endothelial function improves with catheter-directed L-Arg delivery in ...
Abstract 17953: Atrial Antitachycardia Pacing and Managed Ventricular Pacing Reduce Long-Lasting AF and AF Burden Compared to Conventional Dual-Chamber Pacing In Bradycardia Patients: Analysis of Minerva Randomized Trial Secondary Endpoints
Authors: Luigi Padeletti, Antonis S Manolis, Giuseppe Boriani, Raymond Tukkie, Lluis Mont, Massimo Santini, Giuseppe Inama, Paolo Serra, Silvia Parlanti, Lorenza Mangoni, Andrea Grammatico, Helmut Purerfellner
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Introduction: Atrial tachyarrhythmias (AT/AF) are common comorbidities in patients suffering from bradycardia. High technology pacemakers feature a comprehensive armamentarium to treat AT/AF, compr...