tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P2103: Associations between the Plasma Proteome and a Polygenic Risk Score for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (ARIC)
Authors: Francis Ryan Avenido, Aixin Li, Brian Steffen, Jim Pankow, Faye Norby, Weihua Guan, Pamela Lutsey, Nathan Pankratz, Kunihiro Matsushita, Weihong Tang
Journal: Circulation (2025)

Introduction: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), characterized as bulging of the abdominal aorta, is life-threatening when it ruptures. While genetic susceptibility is a known risk factor for AAA, novel mechanisms associated with genetic risk have yet to be explored. This study aims to investigate the associations between the plasma proteome and genetic susceptibility for AAA, measured through a polygenic risk score (PRS). Methods: We constructed a PRS for AAA for participants in the ARIC Study, an ongoing community-based prospective cohort, based on summary statistics from a recent genome-wide association study (GWAS) for AAA (PMID: 37845353). Applying Bayesian regression with continuous shrinkage priors, we calculated the PRS for each participant using SNP dosages available from ARIC and genome-wide SNP weights from the AAA GWAS. We included 8978 European American (EA) participants as the discovery sample (52.9% female, mean age = 57.2) and 2672 African American (AA) participants as the replication (62.9% female, mean age= 56.3) sample. We measured plasma levels for 4955 proteins by SOMA scan v4 from samples collected at ARIC visit 2. We performed linear regression to evaluate the relationship between the AAA PRS and each of the 4955 plasma proteins, controlling for potential confounders. We used the following strategy to interpret PRS-protein associations in the discovery in EAs: Priority 1: 118 proteins that were previously associated with individual AAA risk variants in ARIC (PMID: 36579647); Priority 2: agnostic scan among the remaining 4837 proteins. Bonferroni correction for multiple testing was applied to the two groups of proteins separately in EAs. Uncorrected p&lt;0.05 was applied in AAs. Results: In EA participants, 8 proteins were associated with the AAA PRS among the 118 priority proteins (p &lt; 4.24 * 10 -4 ) and 1 protein was associated with the AAA PRS in the agnostic scan of the remaining proteins (p &lt; 1.03 * 10 -5 ), for a total of 9 significant proteins: S100A13, TBCA, LRRN1, CRIP1, IL6R, PLA2G7, C5orf38, PCDHB10, and MMP12. Of the 9 proteins, IL6R was replicated in AA participants (p&lt;0.05) with the consistent direction of association. Conclusion: Identifying the circulating proteomics signature for genetic susceptibility of AAA can further our understanding of AAA etiology and provide valuable insights into robust target interventions in preventing AAA.
Abstract P1124: Investments in Programming by Depts. of Recreation and Parks is Associated with Reductions in Cardiovascular Disease and Other Health Outcomes
Authors: Deborah Cohen, In-Lu Amy Liu, Aiyu Chen, Devin Teichrow
Journal: Circulation (2025)

Introduction: Parks and park programming have been associated with more physical activity (PA), yet investments in parks are low. For the largest 100 US cities, the average spending for parks and recreation in 2022 was $126 per capita, with an average of $30 per capita devoted to programming. In contrast, the spending for health care in 2022 was $13,493 per capita. Physical inactivity accounts 11% of health care costs, and PA is strongly associated with better health and lower rates of cardiovascular disease. The goal of this study was to assess whether greater investments in parks and recreation will have a positive health benefit. Hypothesis: Spending on parks, programming and maintenance may be associated with better health outcomes, including lower cardiovascular disease (CV), hypertension (HTN) and Type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Methods: We tested the association between per capita spending by Depts. of Parks and Recreation and health outcomes among local residents who receive healthcare from Kaiser Permanente, which serves &gt;20% of the Southern California (SoCal) population. Data consisted of 2022 per capita spending on park maintenance and programming collected by Trust for Public Land and 2022-2023 electronic health records from 732,504 adults in 10 SoCal cities. We calculated the risk ratio for CV, HTN and T2DM using Poisson model with robust variance estimator controlling for body mass index (BMI), population density, neighborhood deprivation index (NDI), age, gender, and race/ethnicity. Results: Of the 732,504 adults in 10 SoCal cities, 48,042 had CV conditions, 205,462 had HTN, 115,758 had Type2 DM. We found that for every $30 per capita per city spent on programming there were 8.9% fewer CV diagnoses (e.g. MI, CHF, atherosclerosis, cardiomyopathy, angina, etc.), 3.9% fewer diagnoses of HTN and 3.8% fewer T2DM cases (p&lt;.0001 for all). Investments in park maintenance were not associated with CV outcomes but were associated with 1.3% lower T2DM and 1.8% lower HTN rates (p &lt;.0001 for both). Conclusions. Programming has a stronger relationship than park maintenance with health outcomes, probably because it is the programming (sports, exercise classes, 5K walks and runs) that more strongly attracts park visitors and supports PA. While this is a cross-sectional study verifying the relationships between investments in park programming, park maintenance and health, a longitudinal study is needed to prove the health benefits of park programming and events.
Abstract MP78: Device-Based Assessment of 24-Hour Activity Across Three Trimesters of Pregnancy: The Pregnancy 24/7 Cohort Study
Authors: Kara Whitaker, Jacob Gallagher, Jaemyung Kim, Christopher Kline, Mark Santillan, Donna Santillan, Maisa Feghali, Janet Catov, M Bridget Zimmerman, Bethany Barone Gibbs
Journal: Circulation (2025)

Introduction: The 24-hour activity cycle, including moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA), light-intensity physical activity (LPA), sedentary behavior (SED), and sleep, is increasingly recognized as critical for health. However, little is known about 24-hour activity during pregnancy. This is an important research gap given that these behaviors are modifiable and individually related to maternal and child cardiovascular health outcomes. The purpose of this study was to characterize 24-hour activity across pregnancy using gold standard, device-based measures and examine differences by trimester. Hypothesis: We hypothesized there would be varying patterns of 24-hour activity across pregnancy trimesters. Methods: The ongoing Pregnancy 24/7 multi-site cohort study was conducted to examine associations of 24-hour activity across pregnancy trimesters with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and other adverse pregnancy outcomes. Participants were instructed to wear the activPAL3 micro (MVPA, LPA, and SED) and the Actiwatch Spectrum Plus (sleep) concurrently for 24 hours x 7 full days in each trimester of pregnancy and to complete a log denoting non-wear and sleep times. Data sources were integrated using PAL Technologies software and a customized R program and descriptive statistics were calculated for each component of 24-hour activity, including the percentage of participants meeting guidelines (when applicable). Differences across trimesters were examined using nested linear or generalized mixed models. Results: A total of n=474 participants to date (mean age 30.8 years ± 4.3, 15.6% Underrepresented Minority) wore both devices in at least one trimester. Time spent in each behavior significantly differed across trimesters (see Table ). MVPA and sleep were highest in the first trimester, while LPA was highest and SED lowest in the second trimester. The percentage of women meeting MVPA guidelines decreased from 54.8% to 44.2%, while the percentage meeting sleep guidelines (time attempting to sleep) increased from 63.2% to 76.1% across trimesters. Meeting a SED threshold of &lt;10 hours/day did not differ across pregnancy trimesters. Conclusions: Declining levels of MVPA during pregnancy suggest a need for tailored health promotion interventions. It may be more feasible to target other components of 24-hour activity during pregnancy, such as decreasing SED by increasing LPA.
Abstract P2056: Strengthening Partnerships to Improve Diet and Achieve Nutrition Security: A Social Network Analysis
Authors: Lan Doan, Nelson Lin, Sze Wan Chan, Dalila Victoria Lanza, Matthew Lee, Madison LeCroy, Stella Yi
Journal: Circulation (2025)

Introduction: Whole-of-community interventions engage multiple sectors to address determinants of cardiovascular health, particularly for racialized and socioeconomically marginalized populations. The Building Access to Food through Systems and Solidarity (BASIS) project collaborates with academia, farming organizations, elementary schools and community-based organizations to improve diet and achieve nutrition security in Sunset Park, Brooklyn. We conducted social network analysis to evaluate partnerships and community engagement efforts impacting BASIS implementation. Methods: We invited 10 core BASIS partners to participate in a staff-administered network survey between December 2023 and January 2024. We constructed network maps and examined collaboration, relationship strength, and information exchange. Results: Nine out of 10 partners completed the interviews, representing the four BASIS sectors addressing nutrition health disparities in low-income, immigrant, and racialized communities in New York City. On average, partners had been involved with BASIS for two years, with 31 full-time and six part-time employees directly involved. All partners reported strong commitment to BASIS, attending regular meetings, helping with programming, and outreach. Most (88.9%) offered BASIS programming, 77.8% helped with outreach or provided technical assistance, and 22.2% connected BASIS to policymakers. About 80% of reported direct interactions in the past year, with 46.2% indicating occasional communication, 13.8% engaged in coordination, and 40% forming partnership. For information sharing, 63-100% shared information and 50-100% received it. For resources, 37.5-100% shared resources and 25-100% received them. For referrals, 0-88% sent referrals and 12.5-87.5% received them. All partners reported BASIS frequently fostered new, beneficial relationships; 77.8% reported they often had increased access to funding/resources, 66.7% often experienced greater capacity, 55.6% often saw better use of their services, and 44.4% often gained new knowledge/skills. Conclusions: Findings demonstrate the partnership dynamics that inform effective delivery of the BASIS program. We will assess BASIS network characteristics over the four-year project period. Social network actors and activities are important determinants of dissemination and implementation efforts, helping to identify areas for improved engagement and strengthen the network’s capacity for effective health promotion.
Abstract P2052: Expanding Opportunities for Black and Hispanic Undergraduate Students Pursuing Science, Medical and Health-Related Careers with the American Heart Association’s Scholars Program
Authors: Jennifer Herbert, Olivia Jones, Mitzi Cardona, Charlene Walton
Journal: Circulation (2025)

Introduction: Black and Hispanic students entering science, medical and health-related careers remain disproportionately low due to systemic inequities in educational support and opportunities. Recognizing the significant role undergraduate (UG) pathway programs play in preparing students for advanced careers, the American Heart Association (AHA) established the AHA Scholars Program. This program expands opportunities for individuals enrolled in Historically Black Colleges and Universities and Hispanic-Serving Institutions to receive mentorship and engage in research and career-enriching experiences, fostering their academic and career growth to empower them to become healthcare professionals and researchers. Objectives: To gather information on the current employment and education status of individuals who participated in the program over the past eight years, and to understand how participation in the program impacted their career and education paths. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was administered to 250 unique alumni in May 2024. Eighty-four individuals completed the survey, representing a response rate of 40%. Descriptive statistics and content analysis were used to analyze quantitative and qualitative questions, respectively. Results: Among respondents who completed their UG degrees, 68% reported pursuing/completing postgraduate (PG) education, with about 59% pursuing/completing a PG degree program in a science or health-related field. Among employed respondents, 65% reported working in a science or health-related industry. Many respondents felt their program experience prepared them very well or more than adequately for PG education (81%) and a career in a health-related field (78%). Almost 76% of respondents indicated their program experience had a substantial positive impact on their overall career progression. Receiving professional skill development, learning how to engage in networking opportunities, gaining research experience, and increasing self-confidence were other ways the program helped respondents prepare for their PG education or career. Conclusion: By creating opportunities for students to engage in skill-building and career-enriching experiences, the AHA Scholars Program has demonstrated its potential to support and promote the advancement of Black and Hispanic students in science, medical and health-related fields, contributing to the development of a more diverse workforce and the advancement of health equity.
Abstract P1012: Higher Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Midlife is Associated with Postponement of Morbidity and Longer Life
Authors: Clare Meernik, David Leonard, Kerem Shuval, Beth Wright, Tammy Leonard, Andjelka Pavlovic, I-Min Lee, Nina Radford, Jarett Berry, Laura DeFina
Journal: Circulation (2025)

Introduction: Delaying the onset of disease so that morbidity is compressed into a shorter period before death can improve quality of life and lower healthcare costs. Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is one of the strongest known predictors of health, but its association with morbidity compression is unclear. Methods: We examined whether higher CRF in midlife is associated with morbidity compression and life extension (i.e., living a longer, healthier life) among older adults. The sample included 26,237 Cooper Center Longitudinal Study participants (n=19,569 men; n=6,668 women) who had CRF estimated via maximal treadmill test at a mean age of 48.5 (SD: 9.7) years and were later enrolled in Medicare. Participants were healthy through age 66.5 years. Morbidity was defined as incidence of any of the following 11 chronic conditions identified from the Chronic Condition Warehouse: heart failure, ischemic heart disease, stroke, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic kidney disease, dementia, or colorectal, lung, breast, or prostate cancer. Illness-death models were used to estimate the likelihood of transitioning between states of health, morbidity, and death by relative CRF, categorized as low (quintile 1), moderate (quintiles 2-3), or high (quintiles 4-5) based on age- and sex-specific distributions. Sex-stratified models adjusted for year of birth, age, smoking, BMI, fasting glucose, cholesterol, and blood pressure. Model parameters were used to estimate Aalen-Johansen state probabilities, and simulated Markov chains were used to calculate expected occupancy times in each state up to age 100. Results: Among men, high (vs. low) CRF was associated with postponement of morbidity (HR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.72, 0.84) and death after morbidity (HR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.54, 0.69). Among women, high (vs. low) CRF was similarly associated with postponement of morbidity (HR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.73, 0.94) but not death after morbidity (HR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.67, 1.09). On average, participants with high (vs. low) CRF developed morbidity 1.0 (women) – 1.1 (men) years later and had longer life expectancies (women: age 89.5 vs. 88.1; men: age 87.0 vs. 84.6) ( Figure ). Conclusions: High CRF at midlife was associated with a roughly 1-year extension of healthy life and a 1.4-2.4-year extension of total life expectancy. Interventions that improve CRF through lifestyle behaviors may contribute to meeting AHA’s 2030 Impact Goal of increasing healthy life expectancy by two years.
Abstract P1081: Urine Metabolomic Profiles Associated with Incident Heart Failure in Older Adults
Authors: Shinhye Chung, Elena Butz, Ngoc Quynh Nguyen, Guning Liu, Eun Hye Moon, Ron Hoogeveen, Christie Ballantyne, Amil Shah, Paul Kimmel, Vasan Ramachandran, Pascal Schlosser, Anna Koettgen, Morgan Grams, Josef Coresh, Peggy Sekula, Bing Yu
Journal: Circulation (2025)

Introduction: Metabolomic biomarkers have enhanced heart failure (HF) prediction in addition to clinical risk factors. However, urine metabolites related to incident HF have not been studied. Hypothesis: Novel urine metabolites, as well as uremic toxins, are associated with an increased risk of HF. Methods: Metabolomic profiling was performed in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study at visit 5 using urine samples. Urine metabolite levels were probabilistic quotient normalized prior to the analyses, and 914 known urine metabolites were evaluated with incident HF using Cox proportional hazard regression. Replication analyses were performed on 3,431 participants, including 172 HF cases (mean age=58) from the German Chronic Kidney Disease (GCKD) study (100% Whites). Results: During an average of 7 years of follow-up, 226 incident HF events occurred among 1,242 ARIC participants (54.3% Whites, mean age= 76). After adjusting for clinical risk factors and eGFR, ten urine metabolites were associated with incident HF (FDR p-value &lt;0.05). Guanosine-3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP), a biologic marker reflecting renal activities of natriuretic peptides, was associated with an increased risk of HF (HR=1.40, 95% CI= 1.21-1.63). Sucrose, a disaccharide composed of glucose and fructose, was also associated with an increased effect on HF (HR=1.30, 95% CI= 1.12-1.50), and the effect persisted with further adjustment of fasting glucose levels. The associations of urine cGMP and sucrose with HF were replicated in GCKD (HR cGMP =1.40, 95% CI= 1.24-1.56; HR sucrose = 1.19, 95% CI= 1.03-1.35, Figure). Additional analyses revealed that cGMP was more strongly associated with HF with reduced (HFrEF) than with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), while sucrose was more strongly associated with HFpEF than HFrEF. Conclusions: Urinary metabolites associated with incident HF and its subtypes were identified, providing complementary insights into the molecular mechanism of the development of HF.
Abstract P2170: Mortality Rates Vary for Cardiovascular Disease Subtypes among Adults in Disaggregated Asian Groups—United States, 2018–2022
Authors: Nilay Shah
Journal: Circulation (2025)

Background: Although Asian adults have the lowest cardiovascular disease (CVD) death rate in the US, prior research has shown important within-group variability for Asian subgroups through 2017. Recent data that examine death rates across CVD subtypes for Asian subgroups are needed to inform clinical and public health practice. Methods: We identified CVD deaths among US adults aged ≥18 years from the National Vital Statistics System using International Classification of Diseases, 10 th Revision codes and classified them into 7 non-mutually exclusive CVD subtypes listed as the underlying or contributing cause of death. Annual age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) from 2018 to 2022 were calculated using U.S. Census 2000 standard population. Rate ratios (RRs) compared ASMR for adults in 6 non-Hispanic Asian subgroups to non-Hispanic Asian adults overall. Results: From 2018 to 2022, 123,566 CVD deaths occurred among Asian adults overall (79% heart disease, 29% stroke). Filipino adults had higher ASMR than Asian adults overall for all CVD subtypes (Figure), with RRs ranging from 1.09 for ischemic heart disease to 1.42 for valvular heart disease. Asian Indian adults had higher ASMR than Asian adults overall for all CVD subtypes except valvular heart disease and stroke, with RRs ranging from 1.08 for arrhythmia to 1.45 for heart failure. Japanese adults had ASMR that exceeded Asian adults overall for 2 CVD subtypes, with RRs of 1.06 for heart failure and 1.55 for valvular heart disease. Vietnamese adults had a stroke ASMR that was 1.24 times higher than Asian adults overall. Chinese adults and Korean adults had ASMRs that were similar to or lower than Asian adults overall for all CVD subtypes. Conclusions: CVD ASMRs for Asian adults in aggregate obscure important within-group variability across CVD subtypes, which have different implications for prevention and clinical management. Disaggregating CVD ASMR can identify subpopulations that might benefit from focused strategies to prevent, detect, and manage leading causes of death.
Abstract P2168: Descriptive Relationships between Respondent Characteristics, Opioid-related Mortality, and Cardiometabolic Disease Mortality in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health)
Authors: Kurtis Anthony, Robert Hummer, Laura Loehr, Wayne Rosamond, Beth Ann Griffin, Elizabeth Lawrence, Elyssa Trani, Eric Whitsel
Journal: Circulation (2025)

Background: Although high opioid-related mortality rates among young-to-middle-aged adults have complicated the interpretation of cardiometabolic disease trends, a US population-based assessment of overlap among risk factors for opioid-related and cardiometabolic disease mortality could clarify the trends. Methods: We described associations of opioid-related and cardiometabolic disease mortality with respondent characteristics at Wave I in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), a nationally representative longitudinal cohort of 20,745 US middle to high school students aged 12-19 in 1994-1995. Respondents with missing sampling weights or birthdates were excluded. We identified cardiometabolic disease and opioid-related deaths (definite; probable; suspect) through 12/31/22 using International Classification of Disease (ICD-10) codes (I00-I99 or E00-E88; doi.org/10.17615/zbe9-rh36). We computed cumulative mortality incidence weighted to the source population using life tables. We estimated the relative risk (95% CI) between mortality and baseline demographic, geographic, and behavioral measures (smoking; problem drinking; illegal drug use; substance use among friends; availability of cigarettes, alcohol, and illegal drugs in the home) using contingency tables. Results: We identified 658 deaths among 18,891 respondents (median age: 43) over 513,368 person-years of follow-up. Cumulative incidence for overall, opioid-related, and cardiometabolic disease mortality was 3.77%, 0.80%, and 0.63%. The relative risk of opioid-related death was higher among respondents at age&lt;median, 1.25 (0.73-2.13); men, 2.18 (1.29-3.71); non-Hispanic (nH) whites, 2.52 (1.52-4.16); in the Northeast versus other regions, 1.58 (0.94-2.68); and rural versus urban/suburban areas, 1.50 (0.86-2.61) while the relative risk of cardiometabolic disease death was higher among respondents at age&gt;median, 1.58 (0.95-2.62); men, 1.87 (1.10-3.18); nH blacks, 2.01 (1.15-3.51); in the South versus other regions, 1.67 (1.01-2.76); and rural versus urban/suburban areas, 1.47 (0.84-2.59). All behavioral measures were associated with opioid-related mortality and a subset were associated with cardiometabolic disease mortality. Conclusion: Opioid-related and cardiometabolic disease mortality share several demographic, geographic, and behavioral risk factors, suggesting that opioid-related mortality may be influencing cardiometabolic disease trends in the US population.