tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Impact of dexamethasone responsiveness on long-term outcome in patients with newly diagnosed myeloma
Authors: S. Sinha, S. V. Rajkumar, M. Lacy, S. Hayman, F. Baudi, A. Dispenzieri, J. Lust, P. Greipp, M. Gertz, S. Kumar
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

8603 Background: Steroids, primarily dexamethasone (Dex), remains an integral part of the therapy for myeloma. Prior to the advent of novel agents, Dex as a single agent was demonstrated to produce overall response rates of around 50%. The toxicity associated with pulsed high dose Dex has led to this approach being abandoned. This study investigates whether responsiveness to Dex correlates with biological qualities of the plasma cell clone that predicts outcome. Methods: We identified from our prospectively maintained database, patients with newly diagnosed myeloma, who were seen at Mayo Clinic within 30 days of diagnosis and were treated with single agent Dex. The M-protein measurements and responses were assessed using the IMWG criteria. Results: 182 patients seen between March 1998 and June 2007, initially treated with single agent Dex for at least 4 weeks, were included in the analysis. The median age at diagnosis was 63 (range; 39–81) and 59% were male. The actuarial median survival for the entire group was 55 months. The median duration of Dex therapy was 15 weeks (range; 4–193). Ninety one (50%) had a partial response or better and 11 (6%) were not evaluable, with the remaining patients (44%) having less than PR or progression. 10 patients (5%) achieved a VGPR or CR. The median overall survival from diagnosis for the 91 responders was 75 months compared to 71 months for the remaining patients; p = 0.6. There was no correlation between baseline disease characteristics and Dex responsiveness. One hundred thirty (70%) patients proceeded to an autologous SCT after a median of 15 weeks (range 1–46 months) of Dex. While the median overall survival was longer among the group of patients who underwent SCT, among either group, there were no survival benefit between those with a PR or better to Dex compared to the rest. Conclusions: Among this group of patients with newly diagnosed myeloma treated with single agent Dex, failure to respond to Dex induction therapy did not impact overall survival. Failure to respond to single agent steroid does not have an adverse impact on outcome in newly diagnosed myeloma. [Table: see text]
"The President Has Been Shot": Confusion, Disability, and the 25th Amendment in the Aftermath of the Attempted Assassination of Ronald Reagan
Authors: Herbert L. Abrams
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

Using the attempt on Ronald Reagan's life as an example, Dr Herbert Abrams examines the efficacy of the 25th Amendment, the American constitutional law which provides for the transfer of power to the Vice-President  the event of the illness or disability of the President. After the shooting of Ronald Reagan  1981, confusion reigned  the White House. Contrary to official announcements, the President's injuries were far more severe than his aides let on. Meanwhile,  the Situation Room, Alexander Haig and Caspar Weinberger squabbled over just who was in control of the government, and a young presidential assistant took the papers relating to the 25th Amendment from the hands of senior officials and locked them away  a White House safe.
Targeting microbubbles-carrying TGFβ1 inhibitor combined with ultrasound sonication induce BBB/BTB disruption to enhance nanomedicine treatment for brain tumors
Authors: Yung-Chu Chen, Chi-Feng Chiang, Sheng-Kai Wu, Li-Fang Chen, Wen-Yuan Hsieh, Win-Li Lin
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2015)
Retrospective analysis of effects of transfusion status on response to decitabine and survival in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes.
Authors: T. M. Kadia, G. Garcia-Manero, H. Kantarjian, N. Pemmaraju, K. Stein, A. Teng, J. E. Cortes
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

6617 Background: The DNA-hypomethylating agent decitabine is used to treat myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Methods: This retrospective analysis pooled a subset of patients (pts) with MDS from 2 decitabine trials: 3-day (phase III) and 5-day (phase II). Excluded pts had received an erythropoiesis-stimulating agent. Pts were stratified as RBC or PLT transfusion dependent (TD) or independent (TI) at baseline (BL) and on study. Response rate (RR, CR+PR+mCR) to decitabine (Fisher exact test) and overall survival (OS) were compared (log-rank test). Results: Pt characteristics, transfusion status, RR, OS, and time to TI are in the table. 23/62 (37%) RBC TD pts at BL became TI on study, and 10/18 (56%) PLT TD pts at BL became TI on study. RBC TI pts at BL and on study (24/34, 70%) had the highest RR (54%, p<.0001) and longest OS (median 19.8 mo; p=.0032).RBC TI pts, regardless of BL status, had significantly longer survival probability (HR 0.33; p=.0122). RBC or PLT TD pts at BL who did not achieve TI on study had the lowest RR and OS. Conclusions: In this retrospective analysis, MDS patients treated with decitabine who were TI at BL or achieved TI on study appeared to have better clinical response and better survival compared with patients who were TD at BL and did not achieve TI on study. Transfusion status N Age, mean, y IPSS high risk, n (%) ORR (CR+PR+mCR)n (%) CRn (%) PRn (%) mCRn (%) Overall survival, median (95% CI), mo Time from TD to TI, median (95% CI), mo Red blood cells BL TD/ on-study TD 39 71 11 (28) 1 (3) 0 1 (3) 0 9.4 (5.8, 13.0) NE BL TD/ on-study TI 23 69 3 (13) 9 (39) 8 (35) 1 (4) 0 19.2 (14.7, 21.6) 2.3 (0.99, 2.6) BL TI/ on-study TD 10 68 2 (20) 2 (20) 0 0 2 (20) 6.8 (0.99, NE) NE BL TI/ on-study TI 24 69 5 (21) 13 (54) 9 (38) 3 (13) 1 (4) 19.8 (12.9, NE) NE P <.0001* <.0001* .2994* .0156* .0032† <.0001† Platelets BL TD/ on-study TD 8 70 3 (38) 0 0 0 0 2.1 (0.9, 6.7) NE BL TD/ on-study TI 10 72 2 (20) 3 (30) 2 (20) 1 (1) 0 14.2 (5.0, 22.3) 2.9 (0.6, 15.5) BL TI/ on-study TD 19 69 4 (21) 1 (5) 0 0 1 (5) 3.1 (1.6, 12.6) NE BL TI/ on-study TI 59 69 12 (20) 21 (36) 15 (25) 4 (7) 2 (3) 19.2 (15.7, 25.7) NE P .0120* .0234* .5038* 1.000* <.0001† <.0001† Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; NE, not evaluable. * Fisher exact test. † Log-rank test.
How to Make Friends and Influence People
Authors: Mark Pilling, Oris W Dunham
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1949)

8 ASUBTITLE: AT THE AIRPORTS COUNCIL INTERNATIONAL'S (ACI) WORLD ASSEMBLY IN NEW DELHI FROM 7-11 NOVEMBER THE ORGANISATION WILL BE NEARLY THREE YEARS OLD: ITS DIRECTOR GENERAL ORIS W. DUNHAM JR. DISCUSSES ITS PROGRESS WITH MARK PILLING.
Abstract 315: Three-Year Survey in Ishikawa Prefecture of Nontraumatic Aneurysm and Dissection of the Aorta Not Followed by Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in Patients Who Were Transported by Emergency Medical Technicians
Authors: Hideo Inaba, Taiki Nishi, Takahisa Kamikura, Hiroki Matsubara, Akira Yamashita, Masaaki Hashimoto
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Aim: To investigate the signs, symptoms and incidences of aortic aneurysm/dissection (A/D) that did and did not cause OHCA and were transported by EMTs. Materials and Methods: Fire departments prospectively collected the data for cases with non-traumatic aortic A/D that were transported by EMS during the period of 2011 to 2013. The data included the backgrounds, signs and symptoms of the patients at the scene, backgrounds of the bystanders and 1-month survival. Results: As shown in Fig. 1, of 219 cases transported by Emergency Medical Technicians (EMTs) on their suspicion of aortic A/D, 140 cases were diagnosed with aortic A/D. Of 72,185 cases with endogenous medical emergency, 176 cases transported without EMT’s suspicion of aortic A/D were finally diagnosed with aortic aneurysm/dissection. In total, 316 cases had the aortic A/D. Thus, sensitivity of our regional EMS for non-traumatic aortic AD was 44% (140/316) while positive predictive value was 64% (140/219). The backgrounds of patients are as follows: male gender (51%), median value (25-75%) of age [73 (62-83)], high co-morbidity (88%). The major signs and symptoms obtained by EMTs were characterized by acute onset but mostly non-specific: chest pain (45%), back pain (40%), abdominal pain (14%). Moving severe pain was rarely caught (6%). These symptoms happened without a hard exercise (99%), and detected mainly by family members (41%) and patients themselves (34%). Bilateral blood pressure difference was rarely detected (5%). One-month survival rate was higher in cases transported to major emergency medical hospitals offering a major vascular surgery than those to other hospitals. None of other factors were associated with the survival. Conclusions: The Incidence of aortic A/D in all medical emergencies was extremely low. The survival rate may depend on the level of transported hospital. Clear criteria for “aortic transportation bypass” is required in EMS system.
ABT-450/r/Ombitasvir plus Dasabuvir With or Without Ribavirin in HCV Genotype 1-infected Patients with History of Depression or Bipolar Disorder: Pooled Analysis of Efficacy and Safety in Phase 3 Trials
Authors: David R. Nelson, K. Rajender Reddy, Adrian M. Di Bisceglie, Peter Ferenci, Darrell H. Crawford, Rudolf E. Stauber, Alexey A. Yakovlev, Victor de Ledinghen, Holger Hinrichsen, David Eric Bernstein, Robert J. de Knegt, Tarek Hassanein, Suzanne Norris, Junyuan J. Xiong, Barbara H. McGovern, Kosh Agarwal
Journal: Hepatology (2014)
Abnormal Exercise Response in Long-Term Survivors of Hodgkin Lymphoma Treated With Thoracic Irradiation
Authors: John D. Groarke, Varsha K. Tanguturi, Jon Hainer, Josh Klein, Javid J. Moslehi, Andrea Ng, Daniel E. Forman, Marcelo F. Di Carli, Anju Nohria
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Treatment With Ezetimibe Plus Low-Dose Atorvastatin Compared With Higher-Dose Atorvastatin Alone
Authors: Michael Piorkowski, Sabine Fischer, Caroline Stellbaum, Markus Jaster, Peter Martus, Andreas J. Morguet, Heinz-Peter Schultheiss, Ursula Rauch
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2007)
Nutrition in Health and Disease
Authors: Myron Winick
Journal: JAMA (1942)

NUTRITION DURING THE LIFE CYCLE. Nutrition During Pregnancy. Infant Feeding. Nutrition During Adolescence. Nutrition and the Elderly. NUTRIENT DEFICIENCIES. Caloric Deprivation in Adults. Protein-Calorie Deprivation in Children. Essential Fatty Acid Deficiency. Deficiencies of Fat-Soluble Vitamins. Deficiencies of Water-Soluble Vitamins. Mineral Deficiencies. Deficiency of Dietary Fiber. NUTRIENT EXCESS. Excess Calories. Excess Fat. Excess Carbohydrate. Excess Vitamins, Minerals, and Food Additives. Excess Alcohol. THE USE OF DIETS IN PREVENTION AND TREATMENT. Diets for the General Public. Diseases of the Gastrointestinal Tract. Hypertension. Renal Disease. Diabetes. Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition. Index.
Risk of renal failure associated with IV bisphosphonate use in patients with metastatic breast cancer.
Authors: W. J. Langeberg, K. Chung, M. J. Lage
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

1057 Background: Intravenous bisphosphonate (IV Bp) treatment (zoledronic acid or pamidronate) has been associated with renal toxicity. The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between IV Bp use and renal failure in patients with metastatic breast cancer (mBC). Methods: We performed a nested case-control study using the i3 Magnifi LabRx research database, which includes fully adjudicated medical and pharmaceutical claims for members of a large U.S. health insurance company. The study cohort included women at least 18 years of age who were diagnosed with mBC (ICD9 codes 174 and 198.5) between July 2000 and March 2006. Cases included women whose first diagnosis of renal failure (defined both through ICD9 codes and lab values) occurred after their diagnosis of mBC. Cases were matched to up to 4 controls using risk-set sampling, matching cases to controls on time at risk, as well as age, insurance type, and U.S. region. Relative risks were approximated using conditional logistic regression to calculate the odds ratio adjusted for the Charlson comorbidity score. Results: Renal failure occurred in 8.6% (n=135) of mBC patients (n=1,565). After matching on age, region, and insurance type, mBC patients who did and did not develop renal failure had similar rates of dyslipidemia (∼8% in both groups) and osteoporosis (∼8% in both groups), but mBC patients who developed renal failure had higher rates of anemia (33% vs. 18%, p<0.01), cardiovascular disease (63% vs. 46%, p<0.01), diabetes (17% vs. 7%, p<0.01), and hypertension (42% vs. 26%, p<0.01). After adjusting for comorbidities, mBC patients with <6 IV Bp prescriptions whose most recent IV Bp use was within the last 90 days were at greater risk of renal failure (OR 2.0 95% CI 1.1, 3.5; p=0.02); whereas recent users with >=6 prescriptions (OR 1.2 95% CI 0.6, 2.2; p=0.59) and past users (OR 0.7 95% CI 0.3, 1.7; p=0.41) were not at greater risk than untreated patients. Conclusions: Patients with mBC who have recently used IV bisphosphonate and have had <6 IV Bp prescriptions may be at increased risk of renal failure compared to untreated patients. This study is limited since not all patients had creatinine values to better capture renal failure outcomes. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Amgen
Around the World via India. A Medical Tour.
Authors: Nicholas Senn
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 13242: Complement Receptor 1 Gene Variants are Associated With Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate
Authors: Iftikhar Kullo, Keyue Ding, Shameer Khader, Catherine A McCarty, Gail Jarvik, Joshua C Denny, Marylyn D Ritchie, Zi Ye, David R Crosslin, Rex L Chisholm, Teri A Manolio, Christopher G Chute
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), a commonly performed test of the acute phase response, is the rate at which erythrocytes sediment in vitro in 1 h. A higher ESR is associated ...
Abstract 19153: Resident Adult Rat Cardiac Stem Cells Fulfill Koch's Postulates as the Causative Agents for Myocardial Regeneration and Homeostasis
Authors: Andrew J Smith, Georgina M Ellison, Cheryl D Waring, Saranya Purushothaman, Daniele Torella, Bernardo Nadal-Ginard
Journal: Circulation (2010)

The role of endogenous adult c-kit positive (c-kitpos) cardiac stem cells (eCSCs) in patho-physiological cardiac remodelling has yet to be fully accepted. We tested the endogenous regenerative capacity of c-kitpos eCSCs after acute diffuse myocardial tissue damage by ISO in the adult rat (n=150), which kills 8–10% of myocytes and produces acute ventricular failure. The role of eCSCs in restoring myocytes and ventricular function was assessed by eliminating proliferating eCSCs and their cycling progeny with 5-flurouracil for 28 days after ISO (ISO+5-FU). This blocked eCSC expansion and new myocyte formation, causing a severe myocyte deficit compared to ISO alone, where regeneration was normally active. ISO+5-FU-treated animals did not recover ventricular function, developing overt cardiac failure. To ascertain a causal relationship between eCSCs and myocardial recovery, we replenished the myocardial eCSC population in ISO+5-FU-treated hearts and after recovery eliminated transplanted CSCs and their progeny...
Migration Related Differences in Blood Iron Availability Among Resident Compared With Migrant South Asians are Related to Indices of Atherogenesis
Authors: Jeetesh V Patel, Avni Vyas, John K Cruickshank, Ashan Gunarathne, Julia Chackathayil, Deepak Bhatnagar, Michael I Mackness, Gregory Y Lip, Elizabeth A Hughes, Paul N Durrington
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Introduction. The global burden of coronary heart disease is estimated to be the highest on the Indian subcontinent. The pathophysiology of this increased risk is unclear, and its magnitude increas...
FLAG-Idarubicin Is Superior to Cytarabine Plus Idarubicin (7+3) for Initial Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML): A Multivariable Analysis of Patients Treated at a Single Center
Authors: Ronald Mihelic, Elizabeth Dickhaus, Stacey Brown, Xu Zhang, Scott R. Solomon, Lawrence E. Morris, Asad Bashey, H. Kent Holland
Journal: Blood (2014)
Abstract 11837: Quantitative Relation of Serum Eicosapentaenoic Acid/ Arachidonic Acid Ratio to Arrhythmic Events
Authors: Atsuyuki Watanabe, Satoshi Kawada, Sho Tsushima, Yuji Koide, Kenzo Kagawa, Yoichiro Naito, Hironobu Toda, Kosuke Seiyama, Kazuhiro Dan, Ritsuko Terasaka, Makoto Nakahama, Hiroshi Ito
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background It is well known that a low ratio of serum eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) to arachidonic acid (AA) is closely related to cardiovascular events. Other studies report that intake of fish oil ...
Abstract 11982: Circulating Invariant Natural Killer T Cells are Decreased in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Akimichi Saito, Naoki Ishimori, Mikito Nishikawa, Shintaro Kinugawa, Hiroyuki Tsutsui
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Objective: Inflammatory mediators play a crucial role in the development of chronic heart failure (HF). Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells, a unique subset of T lymphocytes, which recognize glycolipid antigens and secrete a large amount of T helper (Th) 1/Th2 cytokines on activation, function as immunomodulatory cells in the various pathological processes. We have demonstrated that iNKT cells have a protective role against the development of left ventricular (LV) remodeling and failure after myocardial infarction in mice. However, it remains unclear whether iNKT cells are involved in the development of HF in humans. Methods and Results: Nine HF patients (NYHA II or III, LV ejection fraction 26.3±3.0%) and 8 healthy controls were studied. The mean age and male gender were comparable between HF and controls (51.2±5.1 vs. 45.1±4.5 years and 77.8 vs. 75.0%). The causes of HF were idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy in 3, ischemic in 2, and others in 4 patients. Plasma BNP was significantly higher in HF than in controls (739.4±207.2 vs. 19.8±6.5 pg/mL, P &lt;0.01). The number of circulating iNKT cells, identified by the positive-staining of Vα24-Jα18 T Cell Receptor by flow-cytometric analysis, was significantly lower in HF (747±85 vs. 1058±271 counts/mL, P &lt;0.01). Its ratio to the total lymphocyte was also significantly lower (0.111±0.004 vs. 0.146±0.035%, P &lt;0.01). Plasma interleukin-6 and high-sensitivity CRP were significantly higher in HF (3.99±0.86 vs. 0.78±0.14 pg/mL and 0.28±0.10 vs. 0.06±0.02 mg/dL, respectively, both P &lt;0.01). LV ejection fraction ( r =0.72, P &lt;0.05) and plasma log BNP ( r =-0.70, P &lt;0.05) were significantly correlated to the ratio of iNKT cells among HF patients. Conclusions: Circulating iNKT cells were decreased in HF patients, suggesting that they have a potential role in the development of human HF.
Pontiac fever outbreak associated with a spa-pool, United Kingdom, April 2008
Authors: A Modi, J Gardner, L Lighton, N Coetzee
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2008)

On 16 April 2008, public health authorities in North West England were notified of six suspected cases of non-pulmonary legionellosis, five of whom were admitted to three different hospitals and one seen by a general practitioner. These cases presented with influenza-like symptoms: fever, headache, and muscle pain, with or without nausea. They were part of a group of seven women who had spent the weekend of 11-13 April at a residential leisure resort where they were using a spa pool (otherwise known as Jacuzzi or whirlpool).
REM sleep and depression: common neurobiological control mechanisms
Authors: Robert W. McCarley
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1982)

The author summarizes clinical data showing parallels between REM sleep and depressive phenomena; e.g., patients with endogenous depression show a first REM period that has a shorter than normal latency and a higher density of eye movement. The author discusses evidence for his hypothesis that the following commonalities in neurobiological control systems generate these parallels: 1) brainstem norepinephrine and serotonin systems suppress both REM sleep and depressive phenomena, 2) acetylcholine systems promote both REM and depressive phenomena, and 3) in control of depressive phenomena, as acetylcholine neuronal systems interact and the balance of activity between these two systems, rather than absolute activity levels in either, is the critical factor.
Cerebral glucose metabolism in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder after chronic stimulant treatment
Authors: J A Matochik, L L Liebenauer, A C King, H V Szymanski, R M Cohen, A J Zametkin
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1994)

The authors examined the effects of chronic stimulant treatment on cerebral glucose metabolism in adults diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), who were studied by means of positron emission tomography (PET) with [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose as the tracer.Each subject received two PET scans, the first before drug treatment and the second after treatment with daily oral doses, individually titrated for clinical effect, of either methylphenidate (N = 19) or d-amphetamine (N = 18) for a minimum of 6 weeks. The subjects completed behavioral self-report measures before and at the end of the medication period.Neither stimulant medication changed global, or whole-brain, metabolism, although both drugs increased systolic blood pressure. Metabolism in only two of the 60 brain regions sampled was changed by methylphenidate, while d-amphetamine exhibited no effect on regional metabolism. Both drugs were associated with significant improvement in behavior, as evidenced by improved ratings for restlessness and ability to maintain attention.While the present study does not demonstrate any robust metabolic effects of chronic stimulant treatment, the behavioral data strongly indicate that methylphenidate and d-amphetamine are effective agents for the treatment of adults with ADHD.