tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
TIMP1 mediates astrocyte-dependent local immunosuppression in brain metastasis acting on infiltrating CD8+ T cells.
Authors: Neibla Priego, Ana de Pablos-Aragoneses, Maria Perea-García, Valentina Pieri, Carolina Hernandez-Oliver, Laura Alvaro-Espinosa, Andrea Rojas, Oliva Sanchez, Ariane Steindl, Eduardo Caleiras, Fernando Garcia, Santiago Garcia-Martin, Osvaldo Grana-Castro, Sandra Garcia-Mulero, Diego Serrano, Paloma Velasco-Beltran, Borja Jimenez-Lasheras, Leire Egia-Mendikute, Luise Rupp, Antonia Stammberger, Matthias Meinhardt, Anas Chaachou-Charradi, Elena Martínez-Saez, Luca Bertero, Paola Cassoni, Luca Mangherini, Alessia Pellerino, Roberta Ruda, Riccardo Soffietti, Fatima Al-Shahrour, Paul Saftig, Rebeca Sanz-Pamplona, Marc Schmitz, Stephen J. Crocker, Alfonso Calvo, Asis Palazon, RENACER Group, Manuel Valiente
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2024)

Abstract Immunotherapies against brain metastases have shown clinical benefits when applied to asymptomatic patients, but they are largely ineffective in symptomatic cases for unknown reasons. Here, we dissect the heterogeneity in metastasis-associated astrocytes using single-cell RNA sequencing and report a population that blocks the antitumoral activity of infiltrating T cells. This protumoral activity is mediated by the secretion of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP1) from a cluster of pSTAT3+ astrocytes that acts on CD63+ CD8+ T cells to modulate their function. Using genetic and pharmacologic approaches in mouse and human brain metastasis models, we demonstrate that combining immune checkpoint blockade antibodies with the inhibition of astrocyte-mediated local immunosuppression may benefit patients with symptomatic brain metastases. We further reveal that the presence of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 in liquid biopsies provides a biomarker to select patients for this combined immunotherapy. Overall, our findings demonstrate an unexpected immunomodulatory role for astrocytes in brain metastases with clinical implications. Significance: This study presents a significant advancement in understanding immune modulation in brain tumors and offers new insights into the potential therapeutic interventions for brain metastases. See related commentary by Lorger and James, p. 11
Targeted radionuclide therapy for patients with CNS metastasis: overlooked potential?
Authors: Emilie Le Rhun, Nathalie L Albert, Martin Hüllner, Enrico Franceschi, Norbert Galldiks, Philipp Karschnia, Giuseppe Minniti, Tobias Weiss, Matthias Preusser, Benjamin M Ellingson, Michael Weller
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2024)

Targeted radionuclide therapy is an emerging therapeutic concept for metastatic cancer that can be considered if a tumor can be delineated by nuclear medicine imaging and also targeted based on the expression of a particular target (thera-nostics). This mode of treatment can also compete with or supplement conventional radiotherapy, for example, if MRI does not fully capture the extent of the disease, including microscopic metastases. Targeted radionuclide therapy for patients with thyroid cancer, with certain somatostatin receptor 2-expressing tumors and with prostate-specific membrane antigen-expressing prostate cancer is approved, and numerous approaches of targeted radionuclide therapy for patients with metastatic cancer are in development (eg, using fibroblast activation protein as a target). Although brain metastases are rare in cancers with approved targeted radionuclide therapies, there is no a priori reason to assume that such treatments would not be effective against brain metastases if the targets are expressed and not shielded by the blood-brain barrier. Here, we discuss the current state of the art and opportunities of targeted radionuclide therapies for patients with brain and leptomeningeal metastases.
Incontinentia pigmenti underlies thymic dysplasia, autoantibodies to type I IFNs, and viral diseases
Authors: Jérémie Rosain, Tom Le Voyer, Xian Liu, Adrian Gervais, Laura Polivka, Axel Cederholm, Laureline Berteloot, Audrey V. Parent, Alessandra Pescatore, Ezia Spinosa, Snezana Minic, Ana Elisa Kiszewski, Miyuki Tsumura, Chloé Thibault, Maria Esnaola Azcoiti, Jelena Martinovic, Quentin Philippot, Taushif Khan, Astrid Marchal, Bénédicte Charmeteau-De Muylder, Lucy Bizien, Caroline Deswarte, Lillia Hadjem, Marie-Odile Fauvarque, Karim Dorgham, Daniel Eriksson, Emilia Liana Falcone, Mathilde Puel, Sinem Ünal, Amyrath Geraldo, Corentin Le Floc’h, Hailun Li, Sylvie Rheault, Christine Muti, Claire Bobrie-Moyrand, Anne Welfringer-Morin, Ramsay L. Fuleihan, Romain Lévy, Marie Roelens, Liwei Gao, Marie Materna, Silvia Pellegrini, Lorenzo Piemonti, Emilie Catherinot, Jean-Christophe Goffard, Arnaud Fekkar, Aissata Sacko-Sow, Camille Soudée, Soraya Boucherit, Anna-Lena Neehus, Cristina Has, Stefanie Hübner, Géraldine Blanchard-Rohner, Blanca Amador-Borrero, Takanori Utsumi, Maki Taniguchi, Hiroo Tani, Kazushi Izawa, Takahiro Yasumi, Sotaro Kanai, Mélanie Migaud, Mélodie Aubart, Nathalie Lambert, Guy Gorochov, Capucine Picard, Claire Soudais, Anne-Sophie L’Honneur, Flore Rozenberg, Joshua D. Milner, Shen-Ying Zhang, Pierre Vabres, Dusan Trpinac, Nico Marr, Nathalie Boddaert, Isabelle Desguerre, Manolis Pasparakis, Corey N. Miller, Cláudia S. Poziomczyk, Laurent Abel, Satoshi Okada, Emmanuelle Jouanguy, Rémi Cheynier, Qian Zhang, Aurélie Cobat, Vivien Béziat, Bertrand Boisson, Julie Steffann, Francesca Fusco, Matilde Valeria Ursini, Smail Hadj-Rabia, Christine Bodemer, Jacinta Bustamante, Hervé Luche, Anne Puel, Gilles Courtois, Paul Bastard, Nils Landegren, Mark S. Anderson, Jean-Laurent Casanova
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2024)

Human inborn errors of thymic T cell tolerance underlie the production of autoantibodies (auto-Abs) neutralizing type I IFNs, which predispose to severe viral diseases. We analyze 131 female patients with X-linked dominant incontinentia pigmenti (IP), heterozygous for loss-of-function (LOF) NEMO variants, from 99 kindreds in 10 countries. Forty-seven of these patients (36%) have auto-Abs neutralizing IFN-α and/or IFN-ω, a proportion 23 times higher than that for age-matched female controls. This proportion remains stable from the age of 6 years onward. On imaging, female patients with IP have a small, abnormally structured thymus. Auto-Abs against type I IFNs confer a predisposition to life-threatening viral diseases. By contrast, patients with IP lacking auto-Abs against type I IFNs are at no particular risk of viral disease. These results suggest that IP accelerates thymic involution, thereby underlying the production of auto-Abs neutralizing type I IFNs in at least a third of female patients with IP, predisposing them to life-threatening viral diseases.
Implant dynamics, inner structure, and their impact on drug release of in situ forming implants uncovered through CT imaging
Authors: Xinhao Lin, Nour N Al Zouabi, Lauren Elizabeth Ward, Zixuan Zhen, Mittal Darji, Francis K Masese, Derek Hargrove, André O'Reilly Beringhs, Rajeswari M Kasi, Qi Li, Qiangnan Zhang, Bin Qin, Yan Wang, Michael Jay, Hong Yuan, Xiuling Lu
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2024)
Do we need dosimetry for optimization of theranostics in CNS tumors?
Authors: Francesco Cicone, Silvano Gnesin, Giulia Santo, Caroline Stokke, Mirco Bartolomei, Giuseppe Lucio Cascini, Giuseppe Minniti, Giovanni Paganelli, Antoine Verger, Marta Cremonesi
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2024)

Radiopharmaceutical theranostic treatments have grown exponentially worldwide, and internal dosimetry has attracted attention and resources. Despite some similarities with chemotherapy, radiopharmaceutical treatments are essentially radiotherapy treatments, as the release of radiation into tissues is the determinant of the observed clinical effects. Therefore, absorbed dose calculations are key to explaining dose-effect correlations and individualizing radiopharmaceutical treatments. The present article introduces the basic principles of internal dosimetry and provides an overview of available loco-regional and systemic radiopharmaceutical treatments for central nervous system (CNS) tumors. The specific characteristics of dosimetry as applied to these treatments are highlighted, along with their limitations and most relevant results. Dosimetry is performed with higher precision and better reproducibility than in the past, and dosimetric data should be systematically collected, as treatment planning and verification may help exploit the full potential of theranostic of CNS tumors.
Family Screening in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Elvira Silajdzija, Christoffer Rasmus Vissing, Emma Basse Christensen, Helen Lamiokor Mills, Thilde Olivia Kock, Lars Juel Andersen, Martin Snoer, Jens Jakob Thune, Emil Daniel Bartels, Anna Axelsson Raja, Alex Hørby Christensen, Henning Bundgaard
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2024)
Induction of the TEAD Co-activator VGLL1 by Estrogen Receptor-Targeted Therapy Drives Resistance in Breast Cancer
Authors: Carolina Gemma, Chun-Fui Lai, Anup K. Singh, Antonino Belfiore, Neil Portman, Heloisa Z. Milioli, Manikandan Periyasamy, Sara Raafat, Alyssa J. Nicholls, Claire M. Davies, Naina R. Patel, Georgia M. Simmons, Hailing Fan, Van T.M. Nguyen, Luca Magnani, Emad Rakha, Lesley-Ann Martin, Elgene Lim, R. Charles Coombes, Giancarlo Pruneri, Laki Buluwela, Simak Ali
Journal: Cancer Research (2024)

Resistance to endocrine therapies (ET) is common in estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancer, and most relapsed patients die with ET-resistant disease. While genetic mutations provide explanations for some relapses, mechanisms of resistance remain undefined in many cases. Drug-induced epigenetic reprogramming has been shown to provide possible routes to resistance. By analyzing histone H3 lysine 27 acetylation (H3K27ac) profiles and transcriptional reprogramming in models of ET resistance, we discovered that selective ER degraders (SERDs), such as fulvestrant, promote expression of VGLL1, a co-activator for TEAD transcription factors. VGLL1, acting via TEADs, promoted expression of genes that drive growth of fulvestrant-resistant breast cancer cells. Pharmacological disruption of VGLL1/TEAD4 interaction inhibited VGLL1/TEAD-induced transcriptional programs to prevent growth of resistant cells. EGFR was among the VGLL1/TEAD-regulated genes, and VGLL1-directed EGFR upregulation sensitized fulvestrant-resistant breast cancer cells to EGFR inhibitors. Taken together, these findings identify VGLL1 as a transcriptional driver in ET resistance and advance therapeutic possibilities for relapsed ER+ breast cancer patients.
HIF1α Counteracts TGFβ1-Driven TSP1 Expression in Endothelial Cells to Stimulate Angiogenesis in the Hypoxic Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Yu-Wei Luo, Yang Fang, Hui-Xian Zeng, Yu-Chen Ji, Meng-Zhi Wu, Hui Li, Jie-Ying Chen, Li-Min Zheng, Jian-Hong Fang, Shi-Mei Zhuang
Journal: Cancer Research (2024)

Abstract Emerging evidence suggests that transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) can inhibit angiogenesis, contradicting the coexistence of active angiogenesis and high abundance of TGFβ1 in the tumor microenvironment. Here, we investigated how tumors overcome the anti-angiogenic effect of TGFβ1. TGFβ1 treatment suppressed physiological angiogenesis in chick chorioallantoic membrane and zebrafish models but did not affect angiogenesis in mouse hepatoma xenografts. The suppressive effect of TGFβ1 on angiogenesis was recovered in mouse xenografts by a hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) inhibitor. In contrast, a HIF1α stabilizer abrogated angiogenesis in zebrafish, indicating that hypoxia may attenuate the anti-angiogenic role of TGFβ1. Under normoxic conditions, TGFβ1 inhibited angiogenesis by upregulating anti-angiogenic factor thrombospondin 1 (TSP1) in endothelial cells (ECs) via TGFβ type I receptor (TGFβR1)-SMAD2/3 signaling. In a hypoxic microenvironment, HIF1α induced microRNA-145 (miR145) expression; miR145 abolished the inhibitory effect of TGFβ1 on angiogenesis by binding and repressing SMAD2/3 expression and subsequently reducing TSP1 levels in ECs. Primary ECs isolated from human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) displayed increased miR145 and decreased SMAD3 and TSP1 compared to ECs from adjacent non-tumor livers. The reduced SMAD3 or TSP1 in ECs was associated with increased angiogenesis in HCC tissues. Collectively, this study identified that TGFβ1-TGFβR1-SMAD2/3-TSP1 signaling in ECs inhibits angiogenesis. This inhibition can be circumvented by a hypoxia-HIF1α-miR145 axis, elucidating a mechanism by which hypoxia promotes angiogenesis.
Impact of Structural Racism and Social Determinants of Health on Disparities in Breast Cancer Mortality
Authors: Mary Falcone, Bodour Salhia, Chanita Hughes Halbert, Evanthia T. Roussos Torres, Daphne Stewart, Mariana C. Stern, Caryn Lerman
Journal: Cancer Research (2024)

Abstract The striking ethnic and racial disparities in breast cancer mortality are not explained fully by pathological or clinical features. Structural racism contributes to adverse conditions that promote cancer inequities, but the pathways by which this occurs are not fully understood. Social determinants of health (SDOH), such as economic status and access to care, account for a portion of this variability, yet interventions designed to mitigate these barriers have not consistently led to improved outcomes. Based on the current evidence from multiple disciplines, we describe a conceptual model in which structural racism and racial discrimination contribute to increased mortality risk in diverse groups of patients by promoting adverse SDOH that elevate exposure to environmental hazards and stress; these exposures in turn contribute to epigenetic and immune dysregulation, thereby altering breast cancer outcomes. Based on this model, opportunities and challenges arise for interventions to reduce racial and ethnic disparities in breast cancer mortality.
Resistance Management for Cancer: Lessons from Farmers
Authors: Sareh Seyedi, Valerie K. Harris, Stefania E. Kapsetaki, Shrinath Narayanan, Daniel Saha, Zachary Compton, Rezvan Yousefi, Alexander May, Efe Fakir, Amy M. Boddy, Marco Gerlinger, Christina Wu, Lida Mina, Silvie Huijben, Dawn H. Gouge, Luis Cisneros, Peter C. Ellsworth, Carlo C. Maley
Journal: Cancer Research (2024)

Abstract One of the main reasons we have not been able to cure cancers is that treatments select for drug-resistant cells. Pest managers face similar challenges with pesticides selecting for pesticide-resistant insects, resulting in similar mechanisms of resistance. Pest managers have developed ten principles that could be translated to controlling cancers: (1) prevent onset, (2) monitor continuously, (3) identify thresholds below which there will be no intervention, (4) change interventions in response to burden, (5) preferentially select non-chemical control methods, (6) use target-specific drugs, (7) use the lowest effective dose, (8) reduce cross-resistance, (9) evaluate success based on long-term management, and (10) forecast growth and response. These principles are general to all cancers and cancer drugs and so could be employed broadly to improve oncology. Here, we review the parallel difficulties in controlling drug resistance in pests and cancer cells. We show how the principles of resistance management in pests might be applied to cancer. Integrated pest management inspired the development of adaptive therapy in oncology to increase progression-free survival and quality of life in patients with cancers where cures are unlikely. These pest management principles have the potential to inform clinical trial design.
Performance analysis of a deep-learning algorithm to detect the presence of inflammation in MRI of sacroiliac joints in patients with axial spondyloarthritis
Authors: Joeri Nicolaes, Evi Tselenti, Theodore Aouad, Clementina López-Medina, Antoine Feydy, Hugues Talbot, Bengt Hoepken, Natasha de Peyrecave, Maxime Dougados
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2024)

To assess the ability of a previously trained deep-learning algorithm to identify the presence of inflammation on MRI of sacroiliac joints (SIJ) in a large external validation set of patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). Baseline SIJ MRI scans were collected from two prospective randomised controlled trials in patients with non-radiographic (nr-) and radiographic (r-) axSpA (RAPID-axSpA: NCT01087762 and C-OPTIMISE: NCT02505542) and were centrally evaluated by two expert readers (and adjudicator in case of disagreement) for the presence of inflammation by the 2009 Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society (ASAS) definition. Scans were processed by the deep-learning algorithm, blinded to clinical information and central expert readings. Pooling the patients from RAPID-axSpA (n=152) and C-OPTIMISE (n=579) yielded a validation set of 731 patients (mean age: 34.2 years, SD: 8.6; 505/731 (69.1%) male), of which 326/731 (44.6%) had nr-axSpA and 436/731 (59.6%) had inflammation on MRI per central readings. Scans were obtained from over 30 scanners from 5 manufacturers across over 100 clinical sites. Comparing the trained algorithm with the human central readings yielded a sensitivity of 70% (95% CI 66% to 73%), specificity of 81% (95% CI 78% to 84%), positive predictive value of 84% (95% CI 82% to 87%), negative predictive value of 64% (95% CI 61% to 68%), Cohen's kappa of 0.49 (95% CI 0.43 to 0.55) and absolute agreement of 74% (95% CI 72% to 77%). The algorithm enabled acceptable detection of inflammation according to the 2009 ASAS MRI definition in a large external validation cohort.
<b>Unravelling lipidomic disruptions across multiple tissues in</b><i><b>Chd8</b></i>-<b>mutant ASD mice through integration of lipidomics and single-cell transcriptomics</b>
Authors: You Yu, Bing Zhang, Ning Wang, Zhenqiang Zuo, Peifeng Ji, Fangqing Zhao
Journal: Gut (2024)
Multiomics of the intestine-liver-adipose axis in multiple studies unveils a consistent link of the gut microbiota and the antiviral response with systemic glucose metabolism
Authors: Anna Castells-Nobau, José Maria Moreno-Navarrete, Lisset de la Vega-Correa, Irene Puig, Massimo Federici, Jiuwen Sun, Remy Burcelin, Laurence Guzylack-Piriou, Pierre Gourdy, Laurent Cazals, María Arnoriaga-Rodríguez, Gema Frühbeck, Luisa Maria Seoane, José López-Miranda, Francisco J Tinahones, Carlos Dieguez, Marc-Emmanuel Dumas, Vicente Pérez-Brocal, Andrés Moya, Nikolaos Perakakis, Geltrude Mingrone, Stefan Bornstein, Jose Ignacio Rodriguez Hermosa, Ernesto Castro, Jose Manuel Fernández-Real, Jordi Mayneris-Perxachs
Journal: Gut (2024)

The microbiota is emerging as a key factor in the predisposition to insulin resistance and obesity.
Glucocorticoids induce a maladaptive epithelial stress response to aggravate acute kidney injury
Authors: Luping Zhou, Marc Torres Pereiro, Yanqun Li, Marcus Derigs, Carsten Kuenne, Thomas Hielscher, Wei Huang, Bettina Kränzlin, Gang Tian, Kazuhiro Kobayashi, Gia-Hue Natalie Lu, Kevin Roedl, Claudia Schmidt, Stefan Günther, Mario Looso, Johannes Huber, Yong Xu, Thorsten Wiech, Jan-Peter Sperhake, Dominic Wichmann, Hermann-Josef Gröne, Thomas Worzfeld
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2024)

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent and challenging clinical condition associated with high morbidity and mortality and represents a common complication in critically ill patients with COVID-19. In AKI, renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) are a primary site of damage, and recovery from AKI depends on TEC plasticity. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying adaptation and maladaptation of TECs in AKI remain largely unclear. Here, our study of an autopsy cohort of patients with COVID-19 provided evidence that injury of TECs by myoglobin, released as a consequence of rhabdomyolysis, is a major pathophysiological mechanism for AKI in severe COVID-19. Analyses of human kidney biopsies, mouse models of myoglobinuric and gentamicin-induced AKI, and mouse kidney tubuloids showed that TEC injury resulted in activation of the glucocorticoid receptor by endogenous glucocorticoids, which aggravated tubular damage. The detrimental effect of endogenous glucocorticoids on injured TECs was exacerbated by the administration of a widely clinically used synthetic glucocorticoid, dexamethasone, as indicated by experiments in mouse models of myoglobinuric- and folic acid–induced AKI, human and mouse kidney tubuloids, and human kidney slice cultures. Mechanistically, studies in mouse models of AKI, mouse tubuloids, and human kidney slice cultures demonstrated that glucocorticoid receptor signaling in injured TECs orchestrated a maladaptive transcriptional program to hinder DNA repair, amplify injury-induced DNA double-strand break formation, and dampen mTOR activity and mitochondrial bioenergetics. This study identifies glucocorticoid receptor activation as a mechanism of epithelial maladaptation, which is functionally important for AKI.
Dynamic structural remodeling of LINC01956 enhances temozolomide resistance in <i>MGMT</i> -methylated glioblastoma
Authors: Xinyi Liao, Shuxia Zhang, Xincheng Li, Wanying Qian, Man Li, Suwen Chen, Xingui Wu, Xuexin Yu, Ziwen Li, Miaoling Tang, Yingru Xu, Ruyuan Yu, Qiliang Zhang, Geyan Wu, Nu Zhang, Libing Song, Jun Li
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2024)

The mechanisms underlying stimuli-induced dynamic structural remodeling of RNAs for the maintenance of cellular physiological function and survival remain unclear. Here, we showed that in MGMT promoter–methylated glioblastoma (GBM), the RNA helicase DEAD-box helicase 46 (DDX46) is phosphorylated by temozolomide (TMZ)–activated checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1), resulting in a dense-to-loose conformational change and an increase in DDX46 helicase activity. DDX46-mediated tertiary structural remodeling of LINC01956 exposes the binding motifs of LINC01956 to the 3′ untranslated region of O 6 -methylguanine DNA methyltransferase ( MGMT ). This accelerates recruitment of MGMT mRNA to the RNA export machinery and transportation of MGMT mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, leading to increased MGMT abundance and TMZ resistance. Using patient-derived xenograft (PDX) and tumor organoid models, we found that treatment with the CHK1 inhibitor SRA737abolishes TMZ-induced structural remodeling of LINC01956 and subsequent MGMT up-regulation, resensitizing TMZ-resistant MGMT promoter–methylated GBM to TMZ. In conclusion, these findings highlight a mechanism underlying temozolomide-induced RNA structural remodeling and may represent a potential therapeutic strategy for patients with TMZ-resistant MGMT promoter–methylated GBM.