tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2278: Long Term Clinical Follow-up and Graft Patency of Off-pump vs On-pump Coronary Artery Surgery in Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Khalil Fattouch, Giuseppe Runza, Roberta Sampognaro, Massimo Midiri, Giovanni Ruvolo
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting is better than on-pump in patients with STEMI underwent surgery within 2 days from onset of symptoms. Surgeons may be reluctant to use OPCAB due to concerns about completeness of myocardial revascularization and graft patency. The aim of this study was to assess long-term clinical outcomes and graft patency in this kind of patients. Participants in two previous randomized studies performed in our institution including 207 STEMI patients underwent emergent or urgent CABG within 48 hours from onset of symptoms were followed after surgery to assess graft patency and major adverse cardiac-related events (MACE). There were 145 patients operated in on-pump and 62 patients in off-pump. Patency was assessed by multidetector computed tomography coronary angiography (MDCTA) with a 64-slice scanner. Two blinded observers classified proximal, body and distal segments of each graft as occluded or not, or grade of stenosis. Clinical follow-up was obtained by our cardiologists. Overall early mortality was 5.3% (11 pts). Percentage of early mortality were 6.7% and 1.6% in on- and off-pump group respectively (p&lt;0.05). Follow-up was obtained in all 196 survivors and was 100% complete. Overall late deaths occurred in 14 patients (7%) without statistical significant difference between both groups; of the remaining 182, 168 (92.3 %) had MDCTA scans (108 pts in on-pump vs 60 pts in off-pump). Patency was studied in 335 grafts in on-pump and 156 grafts in off-pump. Mean duration of follow-up were 38±16 months and 37±14 months for on- and off-pump, respectively. Overall, 449/491 (91.5%) of grafts were patent. Percentages of overall grafts classified as patent were similar in on-pump and off-pump groups (307/335, 91.6% and 142/156, 91% respectively) and for arterial and vein grafts separately. There were also no differences between groups in the incidence of late death and MACE. Long term graft patency and MACE are similar with on-pump vs off-pump CABG in high risk STEMI patients when operation was performed by experienced surgeons. Supported by this results and by low early mortality in off-pump group, we suggests strictly the use of off-pump CABG in this type of patients.
Abstract 14887: A Randomized Controlled Trial of {beta}1-Receptor Blockade for Chronic Degenerative Mitral Regurgitation
Authors: Mustafa I Ahmed, Inmaculada Aban, Steven G Lloyd, Himanshu Gupta, George Howard, David C Mcgiffin, Thomas S Denney, Louis J Dell'Italia
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background. The volume overload of isolated mitral regurgitation (MR) currently has no proven therapy to attenuate LV remodeling or preserve systolic function. Animal and human studies have demonst...
Abstract 13735: Circulating Total and Free Testosterone are Associated with Lipoprotein Phospholipase A2 Mass in Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Karen Choong, Tom Travison, Anh-Hoa Nguyen, Jared Magnani, Joao Fontes, Shalender Bhasin, Joanne Murabito, Andrea Coviello
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Lipoprotein phospholipase A2 (LpPLA2), a marker of inflammation, is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Endogenous sex hormones and hormone therapy (HT) influence circulating lipids and potentially CVD in postmenopausal women. The association between sex hormones and HT with LpPLA2 mass and activity in postmenopausal women is unclear. Objective: To determine the relations between circulating total (TT) and free (FT) testosterone, estradiol (E2), and estrone (E1) and LpPLA2 mass and activity in postmenopausal women in the context of HT use. Methods: Postmenopausal women without diabetes from the Framingham Heart Study Offspring Cohort were studied (n=1229). Circulating levels of sex hormones and LpPLA2 mass and activity were compared in HT users (n=467) and non-users (n=762). Multivariable linear regression was used to assess cross-sectional associations between TT, FT, E2, E1 and LpPLA2 mass and activity adjusting for HT use. Regression models also adjusted for age, BMI, smoking, insulin resis...
Posttraumatic stress disorder among substance users from the general population
Authors: L B Cottler, W M Compton, D Mager, E L Spitznagel, A Janca
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1992)

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among substance users in the general population.The St. Louis Epidemiologic Catchment Area study, a survey of psychiatric illness in the general population, collected data on PTSD and substance use with the Diagnostic Interview Schedule. Among the 2,663 respondents, 430 reported a traumatic event that could qualify for PTSD; however, the rate of PTSD was low, 1.35% overall. To evaluate the relationship between PTSD and substance use, respondents were hierarchically classified into one of four substance use categories ranging from polydrug use to alcohol use only. Substance users from each category as well as substance users in general were compared with persons who did not meet the substance use threshold (comparison subjects).Findings indicate that cocaine/opiate users are over three times as likely as comparison subjects to report a traumatic event, report more symptoms and events, and are more likely to meet diagnostic criteria for PTSD. Physical attack, but not combat-related events, was the most prevalent event reported among cocaine/opiate users. Onset of substance use preceded onset of posttraumatic symptoms, suggesting that substance use predisposes the individual to exposure to traumatic events. When other variables--including antisocial behavior--were controlled, female gender and use of cocaine/opiates predicted PTSD.These analyses of the co-occurrence of substance abuse and PTSD warrant further study and suggest that PTSD is much more common among substance abusers than was previously known.
The Clinical Significance of Molecular Response in Indolent Follicular Lymphomas
Authors: Armando López-Guillermo, Fernando Cabanillas, Peter McLaughlin, Terry Smith, Fredrick Hagemeister, Marı́a A. Rodrı́guez, Jorge E. Romaguera, Anas Younes, Andreas H. Sarris, H. Alejandro Preti, William Pugh, Ming-Seng Lee
Journal: Blood (1998)
Abstract P060: Major Dietary Risk Factors for Chronic Diseases: A Systematic Review of the Current Evidence for Causal Effects and Effect Sizes
Authors: Shahab Khatibzadeh, Renata Micha, Ashkan Afshin, Mayuree Rao, Mohammad Y Yakoob, Dariush Mozaffarian
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: Diet habits contribute to development of CVD and diabetes. Estimating the impact of diet on these diseases requires identification and quantification of causal effects of dietary factors. Objectives: To assess major dietary risk factors for CVD and diabetes, evaluate current evidence for causal effects, and identify the best unbiased effect estimates on risk. Methods: For multiple dietary risk factors, we evaluated WHO and similar criteria as part of the Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) study to assess probable or convincing evidence for causal effects, including consistency, dose-response, plausibility, and temporality. We performed systematic searches of online databases from 2008 to 2011, including hand-searches of references and author contacts, to identify systematic reviews and meta-analyses of well-designed observational or interventional studies. Meta-analyses were evaluated based on number of studies, design, definition of diet factors and outcomes, sample size, number of events, length of follow-up, statistical methods, evidence of bias, and control for confounders. Meta-analyses with largest numbers of studies and events and least evidence for bias were identified. Effect sizes and uncertainty were quantified per defined units of exposure, including pooling of categorical dose-response estimates using fixed-effects generalized least squares for trend estimation (GLST). Results: We identified 15 dietary risk factors having probable or convincing evidence of causal effects on CVD or diabetes. For 13, data were identified to provide the best pooled unbiased effect size on disease (Table). Conclusions: This systematic evaluation provides the best evidence-based quantitative estimates of the effects of major dietary factors on CVD and diabetes. These findings enable estimation of quantitative impacts on diseases burdens of suboptimal intakes of these factors in specific populations, and also highlight gaps in knowledge related to causality or effect sizes of other dietary factors.
Ultraviolet irradiation directly influences the structure of fibrillin microfibrils
Authors: S M Reilly, N K Gibbs, C E Griffiths, R E Watson, M J Sherratt
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Annual Meeting of the British-Society-for-Investigative-Dermatology APR 16-18, 2007 Nottingham, ENGLAND
Abstract 753: Effects of Na,K-ATPase Beta-Subunit Knockout on Heart Function
Authors: Sonali P Barwe, Maria C Jordan, Anna Skay, Landon Inge, Sigrid A Rajasekaran, Daniel Wolle, Christina L Johnson, Patricia Neco, Kun Fang, Nora Rozengurt, Joshua Goldhaber, Kenneth P Roos, Ayyappan K Rajasekaran
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Na,K-ATPase also known as the sodium pump, is an oligomeric membrane bound enzyme that catalyzes ATP-dependent transport of three Na + ions out and two K + ions into the cell. It plays an important role in cardiac function by influencing the intracellular Ca 2+ levels via the Na + /Ca 2+ exchanger and thereby cardiac contractility. Na,K-ATPase is composed of two essential subunits, alpha-subunit and beta-subunit, both of which have multiple isoforms. The alpha subunit, which is also the catalytic subunit, is the receptor for cardiac glycosides such as digitalis, used for the treatment of congestive heart failure. Evidence indicates that Na,K-ATPase alpha1, alpha2 and beta1 isoforms as well as the Na,K-ATPase enzymatic activity is reduced in the failing human heart. Heterozygous knockout mice of the alpha-subunit isoforms had altered cardiac contractility. However, nothing much is known about the role of the beta-subunit in cardiac function. To investigate the role of beta-subunit in the myocardium, we used Cre/loxP technology to inactivate the beta-subunit gene exclusively in ventricular cardiac myocytes. Animals with homozygous ventricular myocyte beta-subunit gene excision were born at the expected Mendelian ratio, grew into adulthood, and appeared to be healthy until 9 months of age. These animals had ~20% and ~50% of control levels of beta-subunit and alpha-subunit protein in the heart respectively. At 13–14 months of age, these mice had 24% higher heart/body weight ratios, elevated levels of markers of cardiac hypertrophy such as ANP, BNP, alpha MHC, alpha skeletal actin, and reduced contractility by echocardiography (56.7% versus 66.4% EF in the WT, n = 7 each) as compared to their WT littermates. Pressure overload by transverse aortic constriction in younger mice, resulted in compensated hypertrophy in WT mice, but 50% of Na,K-beta knockout mice died soon after TAC. The few survivors exhibited decreased contractile function (50% as compared to 71% EF in WT, n = 4 each) and mimicked the effects of Na,K-beta knockout in old mice. In conclusion, our results suggest that loss of beta-subunit leads to significant pathophysiology from altered ionic homeostasis in the heart.
Abstract 4021: Clopidogrel 150 Mg/day to Overcome Low Responsiveness in Patients Undergoing Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Results from the Vasp-02 Randomized Study
Authors: Boris Aleil, Laurent Jacquemin, Fabien De Poli, Michel Zaehringer, Jean-Philippe Collet, Jean-Pierre Cazenave, Marie-Claude Dickele, Jean-Pierre Monassier, Christian Gachet
Journal: Circulation (2008)

We investigated whether maintenance therapy with clopidogrel 150 mg/day produces higher platelet inhibition than the standard 75 mg/day dose, and whether the higher maintenance dose increases plate...
Coexistence of Degenerative Aortic Stenosis and Wild-Type Transthyretin-Related Cardiac Amyloidosis
Authors: Simone Longhi, Massimiliano Lorenzini, Christian Gagliardi, Agnese Milandri, Antonio Marzocchi, Cinzia Marrozzini, Francesco Saia, Paolo Ortolani, Elena Biagini, Pier Luigi Guidalotti, Ornella Leone, Claudio Rapezzi
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2015)
Abstract 14207: Catastrophic Outcomes in Cardiac Arrest Patients With Preexisting Cardiomyopathy: Are They Avoidable?
Authors: Kalie Y Kebed, Scott W Sharkey, Robert G Hauser, Barbara T Unger, William T Katsiyiannis, Jay H Traverse, Daniel L Lips, Timothy D Henry, Michael R Mooney
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is neuroprotective and increases survival in resuscitated cardiac arrest patients. Methods: From Feb 2006 to July 2010, 192 consecutive cardiac arrest pat...
Abstract 62: Changes in Plasma Asymmetric Dimethylarginine Levels After Resuscitation from Cardiac Arrest in a Rat Model
Authors: Francesca Fumagalli, Giovanni Li Volti, Valeria Sorrenti, Rosa Santangelo, Claudia Di Giacomo, Antonino Gullo, Roberto Latini, Giuseppe Ristagno
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction. During reperfusion after ischemic arrest, endothelial dysfunction and inhibition of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) are observed, due to increased oxidative stress, with subsequent decrease in NO bioavailability. This plays important effects in tissue perfusion regulation and function, i.e. postresuscitation myocardial dysfunction. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is an endogenous competitive inhibitor of NOS and thereby modulates NO production. We therefore hypothesized that plasmatic ADMA level would be altered following resuscitation from cardiac arrest. Methods. Ventricular fibrillation was induced in 17 rats and was untreated for 6 min. CPR, including mechanical chest compression, ventilation, and epinephrine, was then initiated and continued for additional 6 min prior to defibrillations. Two hrs (n=6), 4 hrs (n=6) and 72 hrs (n=6) following resuscitation, left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) was echocardiographically assessed. Animals were then sacrificed, plasma collected and ADMA levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Additional 5 rats were not subjected to cardiac arrest and served as controls. Results. Severe postresuscitation myocardial dysfunction, represented by depressed LVEF, was observed at 2 and 4 hr postresuscitation (p&lt;0.01, Table). However, LVEF recovered 72 hr after resuscitation. Similarly to myocardial dysfunction, plasmatic ADMA significantly decreased following resuscitation, while its level was restored 72 hr later. However, ADMA reductions were significantly evident only 4 hr after resuscitation (p&lt;0.05, Fig) and therefore occurred slower than LVEF impairment. Conclusions. Plasmatic ADMA levels were temporary altered following resuscitation, similarly to postresuscitation myocardial dysfunction. Decreases in plasmatic ADMA may reflect adaptative changes aimed to enhance NO release and thereby preservation of myocardium endothelial function.
Abstract P419: Association Between Physical Activity and Risk Factors for Metabolic Syndrome in a Sample of HIV+ Men and Women Currently Taking Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Jason R Jaggers, Gregory A Hand, Vivek Prasad, Xuemei Sui, Stephanie Burgess, Steven N Blair
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Metabolic Syndrome (MetSyn) is a strong predictor of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Recent data show that people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) are at a greater risk of CVD, which could possibly be explained by an increased prevalence of MetSyn as a result of the metabolic disturbances known to be associated with antiretroviral therapy (ART). The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships among physical activity (PA) and risk factors for MetSyn in a sample of HIV+ adults currently taking ART. Methods: A total of 32 males and 38 females living with HIV and currently taking ART were enrolled in an ongoing PA intervention aimed to reduce risk factors for CVD. Clinical assessments included measures of resting blood pressure (BP), waist circumference, height, weight, PA levels via accelerometer, and a fasted blood draw. Inactivity was defined as measured activity &lt; 3 metabolic equivalents (METS) or if the person was sedentary, whereas moderate to vigorous PA was defined as any activity ≥ 3 METS. Accelerometer data was considered valid if the participant had a total on-body time of at least 10 hours a day for 4 days. Levels of PA were divided into 4 quartiles (Q1=0-40 mins of PA; Q2=40-80 mins; Q3=80-160 mins; Q4≥160mins). A one-way ANOVA was used to determine differences between quartiles. Results: Waist circumference was significantly lower across PA quartiles (p &lt; 0.001). A similar pattern was observed in fasting glucose levels; however the results were not significant. Pearson correlation showed a significant association between PA and waist circumference (r = - 0.526; p &lt; 0.001), but not BP or fasting glucose. Although fasting glucose was not significantly associated with PA, the Pearson correlation did show a significant association between inactivity and fasting glucose (r = 0.433; p = 0.019). Conclusions: These data show that greater amounts of PA are significantly associated with a smaller waist circumference for PLWHA who currently took ART. A significant relationship was also observed among inactivity and fasting glucose. In conclusion, routine PA can be beneficial in helping PLWHA reduce waist circumference and decrease sedentary time ultimately leading to a reduction in fasted glucose levels. This in turn would help PLWHA self-manage known risk factors for MetSyn, thus reducing their risk of CVD.
Abstract 2102: Increased Th2 Cytokine Response In Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Associated With Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Nair Y Maeda, Antonio A Lopes, Alessandra C Barreto, Rosangela P Soares
Journal: Circulation (2007)

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:  Proinflammatory responses have been largely investigated in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension, but less extensively in the congenital heart disease-associated form (CHDPAH). We therefore decided to analyse the circulating levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), TNF-alpha and IL-6 in a specific group of CHDPAH subjects. Because in clinical practice some PAH patients present with associated inflammatory conditions such as asthma and thyroid disease, we also included determinations of circulating IL-10 and IL-10/TNF-alpha ratio.   METHODS:  Measurements were performed at admittance and in the absence of any vasodilator therapy. Forty-six consecutive patients were enrolled, with ages ranging from 15 to 60 years (median 33 yrs). The mean pulmonary arterial pressure was 52±17 mmHg and peripheral oxygen saturation ranged from 79 to 96% (median 89%). Determinations were carried out in plasma, using high-sensitivity enzyme-linked immunoassays.   RESULTS:  Levels of CRP and TNF-alpha, were within the normal range in patients, while IL-6 and IL-10 were significantly increased in comparison with controls (Table). In addition, the IL-10/TNF-alpha ratio was higher in patients as compared with normals (respectively, 3.18 and 2.01, median values, p=0.0414). No significant differences in the levels of inflammatory mediators were observed in patients with peripheral oxygen saturation  90%.   CONCLUSIONS:  Proinflammatory mechanisms seem to be present not only in idiopathic PAH, but also in CHDPAH. Furthermore, heightened circulating level of IL-10 associated with increased IL-10/TNF-alpha ratio suggests involvement of Th2 response at least in some patients. If so, CHDPAH may be close, in some aspects, to conditions such as asthma, thyroid disease, autoimmune disorders and tumor developments, an interesting field for further studies.
The home treatment enigma Home treatment---enigmas and fantasies
Authors: M G Smyth
Journal: BMJ (2000)

# The home treatment enigma {#article-title-2} Why is home treatment for acute psychiatric illness generally ignored as an alternative to conventional admission to hospital in the United Kingdom? Despite evidence showing that home treatment is feasible, effective, and generally preferred by patients and relatives, its widespread implementation is still awaited. Furthermore, no study has shown that hospital treatment is better than home treatment for any measure of improvement. In general, patients are denied the option of home treatment as a realistic, less restrictive alternative to formal admission under the Mental Health Act 1983, although the recent white paper Modernising Mental Health Services recommends that it should be provided.1 In any economic analysis, hospital admission remains the most expensive element of psychiatric care. Although the pressure on acute beds in inner city psychiatric hospitals in the United Kingdom is increasing—and it has reached breaking point in some areas 2 3 —it is claimed that managing these patients outside hospital would be out of the question.4 The pressure on hospital beds has been linked indirectly with the practice of discharging psychiatric patients too early and with well publicised reports of official inquiries into "psychiatric scandals." In a recent article that was critical of the current state of British psychiatry, it was alleged that the Department of Health and health authorities had misconstrued research into home treatment and that this had resulted in a reduction in the provision of acute beds.4 We aim to examine the issues, real and imagined, that are behind the resistance to treatment at home. #### Summary points Home treatment is a safe and feasible alternative to hospital care for patients with acute psychiatric disorder, and one that they and their carers generally prefer Hospital treatment has not been shown to have major advantages over home treatment and is more expensive Home treatment has not … Correspondence to: A Pelosi
Rheolytic Thrombectomy With Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Infarct Size Reduction in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Arshad Ali, David Cox, Nabil Dib, Bruce Brodie, Daniel Berman, Navin Gupta, Kevin Browne, Robert Iwaoka, Michael Azrin, Dwight Stapleton, Cindy Setum, Jeffrey Popma
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2006)