tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Freestanding Nanofiber‐Assembled Aptasensor for Precisely and Ultrafast Electrochemical Detection of Alzheimer's Disease Biomarkers
Authors: Hui Liu, Xueli Yuan, Tao Liu, Wei Zhang, Heng Dong, Zhenyu Chu
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Abstract Amyloid beta‐protein (AβA β ) is a main hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and a low amount of Aβ protein accumulation appears to be a potential marker for AD. Here, an electrochemical DNA biosensor based on polyamide/polyaniline carbon nanotubes (PA/PANI‐CNTs) is developed with the aim of diagnosing AD early using a simple, low‐cost, and accessible method to rapidly detect Aβ42 in human blood. Electrospun PA nanofibers served as the skeleton for the successive in situ deposition of PANI and CNTs, which contribute both high conductivity and abundant binding sites for the Aβ42 aptamers. After the aptamers are immobilized, this aptasensor exhibits precise and specific detection of Aβ42 in human blood within only 4 min with an extremely fast response rate, lower detection limit, and excellent linear detection range. These findings make a significant contribution to advancing the development of serum‐based detection techniques for Aβ42, thereby paving the way for improved diagnostic capabilities in the field of AD.
Disparities in Acute and Chronic Complications of Diabetes Along the U.S. Rural-Urban Continuum
Authors: Kyle Steiger, Jeph Herrin, Kavya Sindhu Swarna, Esa M. Davis, Rozalina G. McCoy
Journal: Diabetes Care (2024)

To determine the relative hazards of acute and chronic diabetes complications among people with diabetes across the U.S. rural-urban continuum.
Historic Redlining and Impact of Structural Racism on Diabetes Prevalence in a Nationally Representative Sample of U.S. Adults
Authors: Leonard E. Egede, Rebekah J. Walker, Jennifer A. Campbell, Sebastian Linde
Journal: Diabetes Care (2024)

OBJECTIVE We investigated direct and indirect relationships between historic redlining and prevalence of diabetes in a U.S. national sample. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Using a previously validated conceptual model, we hypothesized pathways between structural racism and prevalence of diabetes via discrimination, incarceration, poverty, substance use, housing, education, unemployment, and food access. We combined census tract–level data, including diabetes prevalence from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention PLACES 2019 database, redlining using historic Home Owners’ Loan Corporation (HOLC) maps from the Mapping Inequality project, and census data from the Opportunity Insights database. HOLC grade (a score between 1 [best] and 4 [redlined]) for each census tract was based on overlap with historically HOLC-graded areas. The final analytic sample consisted of 11,375 U.S. census tracts. Structural equation modeling was used to investigate direct and indirect relationships adjusting for the 2010 population. RESULTS Redlining was directly associated with higher crude prevalence of diabetes within a census tract (r = 0.01; P = 0.008) after adjusting for the 2010 population (χ2(54) = 69,900.95; P &amp;lt; 0.001; root mean square error of approximation = 0; comparative fit index = 1). Redlining was indirectly associated with diabetes prevalence via incarceration (r = 0.06; P &amp;lt; 0.001), poverty (r = −0.10; P &amp;lt; 0.001), discrimination (r = 0.14; P &amp;lt; 0.001); substance use (measured by binge drinking: r = −0.65, P &amp;lt; 0.001; and smoking: r = 0.35, P &amp;lt; 0.001), housing (r = 0.06; P &amp;lt; 0.001), education (r = −0.17; P &amp;lt; 0.001), unemployment (r = −0.17; P &amp;lt; 0.001), and food access (r = 0.14; P &amp;lt; 0.001) after adjusting for the 2010 population. CONCLUSIONS Redlining has significant direct and indirect relationships with diabetes prevalence. Incarceration, poverty, discrimination, substance use, housing, education, unemployment, and food access may be possible targets for interventions aiming to mitigate the impact of structural racism on diabetes.
Lipid and Transcriptional Regulation in a Parkinson's Disease Mouse Model by Intranasal Vesicular and Hexosomal Plasmalogen‐Based Nanomedicines
Authors: Yu Wu, Jieli Wang, Yuru Deng, Borislav Angelov, Takehiko Fujino, Md. Shamim Hossain, Angelina Angelova
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Plasmalogens (vinyl-ether phospholipids) are an emergent class of lipid drugs against various diseases involving neuro-inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and altered lipid metabolism. They can activate neurotrophic and neuroprotective signaling pathways but low bioavailabilities limit their efficiency in curing neurodegeneration. Here, liquid crystalline lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are created for the protection and non-invasive intranasal delivery of purified scallop-derived plasmalogens. The in vivo results with a transgenic mouse Parkinson's disease (PD) model (characterized by motor impairments and α-synuclein deposition) demonstrate the crucial importance of LNP composition, which determines the self-assembled nanostructure type. Vesicle and hexosome nanostructures (characterized by small-angle X-ray scattering) display different efficacy of the nanomedicine-mediated recovery of motor function, lipid balance, and transcriptional regulation (e.g., reduced neuro-inflammation and PD pathogenic gene expression). Intranasal vesicular and hexosomal plasmalogen-based LNP treatment leads to improvement of the behavioral PD symptoms and downregulation of the Il6, Il33, and Tnfa genes. Moreover, RNA-sequencing and lipidomic analyses establish a dramatic effect of hexosomal nanomedicines on PD amelioration, lipid metabolism, and the type and number of responsive transcripts that may be implicated in neuroregeneration.
Dough‐Kneading‐Inspired Design of an Adhesive Cardiac Patch to Attenuate Cardiac Fibrosis and Improve Cardiac Function via Regulating Glycometabolism
Authors: Yage Sun, Xiaoping Zhang, Xiongfeng Nie, Rong Yang, Xinrui Zhao, Chunyan Cui, Wenguang Liu
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Abstract Recently, hydrogel adhesive patches have been explored for treating myocardial infarction. However, achieving secure adhesion onto the wet beating heart and local regulation of pathological microenvironment remains challenging. Herein, a dough‐kneading‐inspired design of hydrogel adhesive cardiac patch is reported, aiming to improve the strength of prevalent powder‐formed patch and retain wet adhesion. In mimicking the polysaccharide and protein components of natural flour, methacrylated polyglutamic acid (PGAMA) is electrostatically interacted with hydroxypropyl chitosan (HPCS) to form PGAMA/HPCS coacervate hydrogel. The PGAMA/HPCS hydrogel is freeze‐dried and ground into powders, which are further rehydrated with two aqueous solutions of functional drug, 3‐acrylamido phenylboronic acid (APBA)/rutin (Rt) complexes for protecting the myocardium from advanced glycation end product (AGEs) injury by reactive oxygen species (ROS) ‐responsive Rt release, and hypoxanthine‐loaded methacrylated hyaluronic acid (HAMA) nanogels for enhancing macrophage targeting ability to regulate glycometabolism for combating inflammation. The rehydrated powders bearing APBA/Rt complexes and HAMA‐hypoxanthine nanogels are repeatedly kneaded into a dough‐like gel, which is further subjected to thermal‐initiated crosslinking to form a stabilized and sticky patch. This biofunctional patch is applied onto the rats’ infarcted myocardium, and the outcomes at 28 days post‐surgery indicate efficient restoration of cardiac functions and attenuation of cardiac fibrosis.
Self‐Generating Gold Nanocatalysts in Autologous Tumor Cells for Targeted Catalytic Immunotherapy
Authors: Fei Zeng, Yongchun Pan, Qianglan Lu, Xiaowei Luan, Shurong Qin, Yuta Liu, Zhiyong Liu, Jingjing Yang, Bangshun He, Yujun Song
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Employing tumor whole cells for tumor immunotherapy is a promising tumor therapy proposed in the early stage, but its therapeutic efficacy is weakened by the methods of eliminating pathogenicity and the mass ratio of the effective antigen carried by itself. Here, by adding gold ion to live cancer cells in the microfluidic droplets, this work obtains dead tumor whole cells with NIR-controlled catalytic ability whose pathogenicity is removed while plenary tumor antigens, major structure, and homing ability are reserved. The engineered tumor cell (Cell-Au) with the addition of prodrug provides
A Sustainable Retinal Drug Co‐Delivery for Boosting Therapeutic Efficacy in wAMD: Unveiling Multifaceted Evidence and Synergistic Mechanisms
Authors: Congyan Liu, Wenting Su, Xi Jiang, Yanli Lv, Fei Kong, Qin Chen, Qun Zhang, Huangqin Zhang, Yuping Liu, Xiaoqi Li, Xinrong Xu, Yan Chen, Ding Qu
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Abstract Sustainable retinal codelivery poses significant challenges technically, although it is imperative for synergistic treatment of wet age‐related macular degeneration (wAMD). Here, a microemulsion‐doped hydrogel (Bor/PT‐M@TRG) is engineered as an intravitreal depot composing of temperature‐responsive hydrogel (TRG) and borneol‐decorated paeoniflorin (PF) &amp; tetramethylpyrazine (TMP)‐coloaded microemulsions (Bor/PT‐M). Bor/PT‐M@TRG, functioning as the “ammunition depot”, resides in the vitreous and continuously releases Bor/PT‐M as the therapeutic “bullet”, enabling deep penetration into the retina for 21 days. A single intravitreal injection of Bor/PT‐M@TRG yields substantial reductions in choroidal neovascularization (CNV, a hallmark feature of wAMD) progression and mitigates oxidative stress‐induced damage in vivo. Combinational PF&amp;TMP regulates the “reactive oxygen species/nuclear factor erythroid‐2‐related factor 2/heme oxygenase‐1” pathway and blocks the “hypoxia inducible factor‐1α/vascular endothelial growth factor” signaling in retina, synergistically cutting off the loop of CNV formation. Utilizing fluorescence resonance energy transfer and liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry techniques, they present compelling multifaceted evidence of sustainable retinal codelivery spanning formulations, ARPE‐19 cells, in vivo eye balls, and ex vivo section/retina‐choroid complex cell levels. Such codelivery approach is elucidated as the key driving force behind the exceptional therapeutic outcomes of Bor/PT‐M@TRG. These findings highlight the significance of sustainable retinal drug codelivery and rational combination for effective treatment of wAMD.
Quantitative assessment of glomerular basement membrane collagen IV α chains in paraffin sections from patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and Alport gene variants.
Authors: Pongpratch Puapatanakul, Suramath Isaranuwatchai, Ankanee Chanakul, Jerasit Surintrspanont, Kroonpong Iampenkhae, Talerngsak Kanjanabuch, Kanya Suphapeetiporn, Vivek Charu, Hani Y. Suleiman, Kearkiat Praditpornsilpa, Jeffrey H. Miner
Journal: Kidney International (2024)
Leukemogenesis occurs in a microenvironment enriched by extracellular microvesicles/exosomes: recent discoveries and questions to be answered
Authors: Mariusz Z. Ratajczak, Janina Ratajczak
Journal: Leukemia (2024)

Abstract In single-cell organisms, extracellular microvesicles (ExMVs) were one of the first cell-cell communication platforms that emerged very early during evolution. Multicellular organisms subsequently adapted this mechanism. Evidence indicates that all types of cells secrete these small circular structures surrounded by a lipid membrane that may be encrusted by ligands and receptors interacting with target cells and harboring inside a cargo comprising RNA species, proteins, bioactive lipids, signaling nucleotides, and even entire organelles “hijacked” from the cells of origin. ExMVs are secreted by normal cells and at higher levels by malignant cells, and there are some differences in their cargo. On the one hand, ExMVs secreted from malignant cells interact with cells in the microenvironment, and in return, they are exposed by a “two-way mechanism” to ExMVs secreted by non-leukemic cells. Therefore, leukemogenesis occurs and progresses in ExMVs enriched microenvironments, and this biological fact has pathologic, diagnostic, and therapeutic implications. We are still trying to decipher this intriguing cell-cell communication language better. We will present a current point of view on this topic and review some selected most recent discoveries and papers.
Mepolizumab-induced Changes in Nasal Methylome and Transcriptome to Predict Response in Asthma
Authors: Kamini Rakkar, Yik L. Pang, Poojitha Rajasekar, Michael A Portelli, Robert J Hall, Rachel L Clifford, Dominick Shaw, Ian Sayers
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2024)

"Mepolizumab Induced Changes in Nasal Methylome and Transcriptome to Predict Response in Asthma." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 0(ja), pp.
There is nothing as inconsistent as the OSFED diagnostic criteria
Authors: Isabel Krug, An Binh Dang, Elizabeth K. Hughes
Journal: Trends in Molecular Medicine (2024)

Atypical anorexia nervosa (AAN), purging disorder (PD), night eating syndrome (NES), and subthreshold bulimia nervosa and binge-eating disorder (Sub-BN/BED) are the five categories that comprise the 'Other Specified Feeding or Eating Disorder' (OSFED) category in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (DSM-5). In this review, we examine problems with the diagnostic criteria that are currently proposed for the five OSFED types. We conclude that the existing diagnostic criteria for OSFED are deficient and fall short of accurately describing the complexity and individuality of those with these eating disorders (EDs). Therefore, to enhance the quality of life of people with OSFED, diagnostic criteria for the condition should be applied uniformly in clinical and research settings.
Diverse pathways to speciation revealed by marine snails
Authors: Kerstin Johannesson, Rui Faria, Alan Le Moan, Marina Rafajlović, Anja Marie Westram, Roger K. Butlin, Sean Stankowski
Journal: Trends in Genetics (2024)

Speciation is a key evolutionary process that is not yet fully understood. Combining population genomic and ecological data from multiple diverging pairs of marine snails (Littorina) supports the search for speciation mechanisms. Placing pairs on a one-dimensional speciation continuum, from undifferentiated populations to species, obscured the complexity of speciation. Adding multiple axes helped to describe either speciation routes or reproductive isolation in the snails. Divergent ecological selection repeatedly generated barriers between ecotypes, but appeared less important in completing speciation while genetic incompatibilities played a key role. Chromosomal inversions contributed to genomic barriers, but with variable impact. A multidimensional (hypercube) approach supported framing of questions and identification of knowledge gaps and can be useful to understand speciation in many other systems.
Sunitinib for metastatic progressive phaeochromocytomas and paragangliomas: results from FIRSTMAPPP, an academic, multicentre, international, randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind, phase 2 trial
Authors: Eric Baudin, Bernard Goichot, Alfredo Berruti, Julien Hadoux, Salma Moalla, Sandrine Laboureau, Svenja Nölting, Christelle de la Fouchardière, Tina Kienitz, Timo Deutschbein, Stefania Zovato, Laurence Amar, Magalie Haissaguerre, Henri Timmers, Patricia Niccoli, Antongiulio Faggiano, Moussa Angokai, Livia Lamartina, Florina Luca, Deborah Cosentini, Stefanie Hahner, Felix Beuschlein, Marie Attard, Matthieu Texier, Martin Fassnacht, Christine DOCAO, Delphine Drui, Francoise Borson Chazot, Olivier Chabre, Delphine Vezzosi, Frederic Castinetti, Jérôme Bertherat, Rossella Libé, Anne Paule Gimenez-Roqueplo, Judith Favier, Marcus Quinkler, Christian Strasburger, Katrin Zopf, Martin Reincke, Matthias Kroiss, Hanna Remde, Michaela Haaf, Carmina T Fuß, Ulrich Dischinger, Graeme Eisenhofer, Christina Pamporaki, Anouk Van Berkel
Journal: The Lancet (2024)
Improved childhood asthma control after exposure reduction interventions for desert dust and anthropogenic air pollution: the MEDEA randomised controlled trial
Authors: Panayiotis Kouis, Emmanouil Galanakis, Eleni Michaelidou, Paraskevi Kinni, Antonis Michanikou, Constantinos Pitsios, Julietta Perez, Souzana Achilleos, Nicos Middleton, Pinelopi Anagnostopoulou, Helen Dimitriou, Efstathios Revvas, Gerasimos Stamatelatos, Haris Zacharatos, Chrysanthos Savvides, Emily Vasiliadou, Nikos Kalivitis, Andreas Chrysanthou, Filippos Tymvios, Stefania I Papatheodorou, Petros Koutrakis, Panayiotis K Yiallouros
Journal: Thorax (2024)

Elevated particulate matter (PM) concentrations of anthropogenic and/or desert dust origin are associated with increased morbidity among children with asthma.
Comprehensive analysis of environmental exposure to hazardous trace elements and lung function: a national cross-sectional study
Authors: Yun-Jiang Yu, Tong Zheng, Jennifer L Perret, Yajing Han, Hongyan Li, Wenjie Meng, Dinh Bui, Qi-Zhen Wu, Chenyin Dong, Qiu-Ling Fang, Zhenchi Li, Hongxuan Kuang, Xiaowen Chen, Mingdeng Xiang, Xiaodi Qin, Shyamali C Dharmage, Guang-Hui Dong, Yang Zhou
Journal: Thorax (2024)

Background There is growing interest in the joint effects of hazardous trace elements (HTEs) on lung function deficits, but the data are limited. This is a critical research gap given increased global industrialisation. Methods A national cross-sectional study including spirometry was performed among 2112 adults across 11 provinces in China between 2020 and 2021. A total of 27 HTEs were quantified from urine samples. Generalised linear models and quantile-based g-computation were used to explore the individual and joint effects of urinary HTEs on lung function, respectively. Results Overall, there were negative associations between forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV 1 ) and urinary arsenic (As) (z-score coefficient, −0.150; 95% CI, −0.262 to –0.038 per 1 ln-unit increase), barium (Ba) (−0.148, 95% CI: −0.258 to –0.039), cadmium (Cd) (−0.132, 95% CI: −0.236 to –0.028), thallium (Tl) (−0.137, 95% CI: −0.257 to –0.018), strontium (Sr) (−0.147, 95% CI: −0.273 to –0.022) and lead (Pb) (−0.121, 95% CI: −0.219 to –0.023). Similar results were observed for forced vital capacity (FVC) with urinary As, Ba and Pb and FEV 1 /FVC with titanium (Ti), As, Sr, Cd, Tl and Pb. We found borderline associations between the ln-quartile of joint HTEs and decreased FEV 1 (−20 mL, 95% CI: −48 to +8) and FVC (−14 mL, 95% CI: −49 to+2). Ba and Ti were assigned the largest negative weights for FEV 1 and FVC within the model, respectively. Conclusion Our study investigating a wide range of HTEs in a highly polluted setting suggests that higher urinary HTE concentrations are associated with lower lung function, especially for emerging Ti and Ba, which need to be monitored or regulated to improve lung health.
Neutrophil elastase-dependent cleavage of LTA4H alters its aminopeptidase activity in cystic fibrosis
Authors: Xin Xu, Jin-dong Li, Todd J. Green, Landon Wilson, Kristopher Genschmer, Derek Russell, J. Edwin Blalock, Amit Gaggar
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2024)

The enzyme leukotriene A4 hydrolase (LTA4H) is classically known for its epoxide hydrolase activity that converts leukotriene A4 (LTA4) to the neutrophil chemoattractant LTB4 [1]. In 2010, our group published a study in Science which demonstrated that during an influenza model of acute airway inflammation, LTA4H was released from cells to degrade proline-glycine-proline (PGP), a non-canonical CXCR1 and −2 agonist of polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) recruitment and activation [2], thereby attenuating PMN inflammation [3]. Footnotes This manuscript has recently been accepted for publication in the European Respiratory Journal . It is published here in its accepted form prior to copyediting and typesetting by our production team. After these production processes are complete and the authors have approved the resulting proofs, the article will move to the latest issue of the ERJ online. Please open or download the PDF to view this article. Conflict of Interest: Jonathan Grigg reports lecture honoraria from GSK; outside the submitted work. Conflict of interest: None to disclose
Dyspnoea in acutely ill mechanically ventilated adult patients: an ERS/ESICM statement
Authors: Alexandre Demoule, Maxens Decavele, Massimo Antonelli, Luigi Camporota, Fekri Abroug, Dan Adler, Elie Azoulay, Metin Basoglu, Margaret Campbell, Giacomo Grasselli, Margaret Herridge, Miriam J. Johnson, Lionel Naccache, Paolo Navalesi, Paolo Pelosi, Richard Schwartzstein, Clare Williams, Wolfram Windisch, Leo Heunks, Thomas Similowski
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2024)
Mapping dysfunctional circuits in the frontal cortex using deep brain stimulation
Authors: Barbara Hollunder, Jill L Ostrem, Ilkem Aysu Sahin, Nanditha Rajamani, Simón Oxenford, Konstantin Butenko, Clemens Neudorfer, Pablo Reinhardt, Patricia Zvarova, Mircea Polosan, Harith Akram, Matteo Vissani, Chencheng Zhang, Bomin Sun, Pavel Navratil, Martin M Reich, Jens Volkmann, Fang-Cheng Yeh, Juan Carlos Baldermann, Till A Dembek, Veerle Visser-Vandewalle, Eduardo Joaquim Lopes Alho, Paulo Roberto Franceschini, Pranav Nanda, Carsten Finke, Andrea A Kühn, Darin D Dougherty, R Mark Richardson, Hagai Bergman, Mahlon R DeLong, Alberto Mazzoni, Luigi M Romito, Himanshu Tyagi, Ludvic Zrinzo, Eileen M Joyce, Stephan Chabardes, Philip A Starr, Ningfei Li, Andreas Horn
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2024)

Abstract Frontal circuits play a critical role in motor, cognitive and affective processing, and their dysfunction may result in a variety of brain disorders. However, exactly which frontal domains mediate which (dys)functions remains largely elusive. We studied 534 deep brain stimulation electrodes implanted to treat four different brain disorders. By analyzing which connections were modulated for optimal therapeutic response across these disorders, we segregated the frontal cortex into circuits that had become dysfunctional in each of them. Dysfunctional circuits were topographically arranged from occipital to frontal, ranging from interconnections with sensorimotor cortices in dystonia, the primary motor cortex in Tourette’s syndrome, the supplementary motor area in Parkinson’s disease, to ventromedial prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortices in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Our findings highlight the integration of deep brain stimulation with brain connectomics as a powerful tool to explore couplings between brain structure and functional impairments in the human brain.