Abstract 7553: Dual inhibition of chromatin remodeling and DNA methylation as a novel treatment for triple negative breast cancer
Authors: Joseph W. Landry, Jubin Kang, Christiane Morecock, Harry Bear, Rebecca Martin
Journal: Cancer Research (2024)

Abstract Epigenetics plays a central role in the initiation, establishment, and progression of cancer. In this capacity, epigenetics regulates several abnormal nuclear processes in the cancer cell including DNA replication, DNA damage repair and most prominently transcription. Because of their reversibility, epigenetic modifications have been aggressively pursued pharmacologically to correct abnormal cancer biology in the hopes of reversing cancer phenotypes. To develop novel epigenetic based therapeutic strategies for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) we combined the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor (DNMTi) guadecitabine (Gua) with a genetic CRISPR/Cas9 mediated knockout (KO) of the chromatin remolding protein Bromodomain PHD-finger Transcription Factor (BPTF). Using the E0771 and 4T1 mouse TNBC models we show that BPTF depleted tumor cells are more susceptible to the antitumor effects of Gua. These antitumor effects are not observed in culture, or in immune compromised NSG mice, suggesting that their effects on cancer cell growth are not cancer cell intrinsic. RNA-Seq, ATAC-Seq and MBD-Seq analysis from FACS purified cancer cells shows that the combination of BPTF inhibition and Gua alters immune regulatory cytokine expression (BMP4 and CSF3) in the cancer cell, and it is theorized that these changes alter the tumor microenvironment to become less immune suppressive and permissive to the antitumor effects of immune cells. This hypothesis is supported by Cytek phenotyping of tumor resident and peripheral immune cells from treated mice showing reduced levels of immune suppressive myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC). Inhibiting BPTF pharmacologically using the bromodomain inhibitor AU1 does not recapitulate the effects of the genetic inhibition suggesting that the benefits of BPTF depletion to sensitization to Gua are not captured by inhibition of its bromodomain. To model the effects of pharmacologic BPTF inhibition we created a BPTF mouse KO genetically modified mouse model (GEMM). We show using this GEMM that BPTF KO in the adult mouse (a tamoxifen inducible Cre) is not lethal and has beneficial effects to the control of E0771 tumors, possibly through depleting tumor resident naïve T cells, and that transplanting BPTF KO E0771 tumors into BPTF KO adult mice further improves tumor growth control. These benefits in tumor growth control are prevented with CD8 depletion. These results in total suggests that a combination therapy regimen including BPTF inhibition (a PROTAC degradation approach) with a DNMTi could provide clinical benefits to patients with TNBC through both tumor cell intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms. Citation Format: Joseph W. Landry, Jubin Kang, Christiane Morecock, Harry Bear, Rebecca Martin. Dual inhibition of chromatin remodeling and DNA methylation as a novel treatment for triple negative breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 7553.