tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Transportation Insecurity, Social Support, and Adherence to Cancer Screening
Authors: Alexa L. Pohl, Aderinsola A. Aderonmu, Joshua D. Grab, Leora A. Cohen-Tigor, Arden M. Morris
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2025)

Importance Transportation insecurity and lack of social support are 2 understudied social determinants of health that contribute to excess morbidity, mortality, and acute health care utilization. However, whether and how these social determinants of health are associated with cancer screening has not been determined and has implications for preventive care. Objective To determine whether transportation insecurity or social support are associated with screening adherence for colorectal, breast, and cervical cancer. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study used data from the publicly available 2018 in-person National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) comprising a noninstitutionalized, civilian adult population of the United States. Participants included adults eligible for colorectal, breast, or cervical cancer screening who participated in the in-depth NHIS interview (1 selected per household). Data were acquired in December 2023 and analyzed through July 31, 2024. Exposures Transportation insecurity, represented dichotomously as adults who reported that they have or have not delayed medical care in the past year due to transportation difficulties, and neighborhood social support, represented as factor scores derived from 4 Likert-type questions. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was adherence to the US Preventive Services Task Force screening recommendations in place during 2018 for colorectal, breast, and cervical cancer. Results In 2018, of 25 417 NHIS respondents (55% female), 660 (3%) reported delaying medical care because they did not have transportation. In fully adjusted models, transportation insecurity was associated with adherence to breast cancer screening (odds ratio [OR], 0.59 [95% CI, 0.40-0.86]) but not to colorectal (OR, 0.87 [95% CI, 0.65-1.15]) or cervical (OR, 0.73 [95% CI, 0.46-1.13) cancer screening. Social support was associated with colorectal (OR, 1.12 [95% CI, 1.06-1.17]) and breast (OR, 1.13 [95% CI, 1.05-1.22]) cancer screening but not with cervical cancer screening (OR, 1.01 [95% CI, 0.93-1.10]). There were no significant interactions between transportation insecurity and social support for any cancer screening. Conclusions and Relevance The presence of transportation insecurity was associated with a 41% reduction in the odds of breast cancer screening. Clinicians should consider screening for transportation needs at the time of mammography referral, as patients may be eligible for programs that can assist with medical transportation needs.
Extracorporeal Blood Purification and Acute Kidney Injury in Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Ori J. Lieberman, Sara C. LaHue
Journal: JAMA (2025)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors JAMA+ AI Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2025 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Intracranial Outcomes of Ipilimumab and Nivolumab in Melanoma Brain Metastases After Progression on Anti–PD-1 Therapy
Authors: Sarah E. Lochrin, Hannah L. Kalvin, James W. Smithy, Monica F. Chen, Parisa Momtaz, Alexander N. Shoushtari, Katherine S. Panageas, Michael A. Postow
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2025)

This cohort study examines the response and survival rates associated with ipilimumab-nivolumab therapy in patients with progressive melanoma brain metastases after anti–programmed cell death 1 (anti–PD-1) therapy.
Procedural Prescription Denials and Risk of Acute Care Utilization and Spending Among Medicaid Patients
Authors: Bhairavi Muralidharan, Sanjay Basu, Jeffrey Tingen, Sadiq Y. Patel
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2025)

Importance Rising prescription medication costs under Medicaid have led to increased procedural prescription denials by health plans. The effect of unresolved denials on chronic condition exacerbation and subsequent acute care utilization remains unclear. Objective To examine whether procedural prescription denials are associated with increased net spending through downstream acute care utilization among Medicaid patients not obtaining prescribed medication following a denial. Design, Setting, and Participants This cross-sectional study used Medicaid claims data from 2022 to 2023 for patients at inpatient, outpatient, and pharmacy sites of care across 2 states (Virginia and Washington) and 2 independent health plans. Patients with at least 1 prescription denial in the study period (January 1 through July 31, 2023) were matched to those without denials in a given medication class, based on demographics, health plan data, chronic condition history, and health care utilization. Rates of and spending for physiologically related acute care visits in the 60 days following a medication fill or denial were compared for the study period. Main Outcomes and Measures The main outcomes were all-cause acute care utilization and total medical spending (in 2023 US dollars per member per year [PMPY]) for principal diagnoses physiologically related to each medication class, in the 60 days following a medication fill or denial. Sensitivity analyses were performed to check for spurious associations or unmeasured confounders. Results The 19 725 patients in this study had a median age of 41 (IQR, 29-55) years, and most (60.7%) were female. Patients had a mean (SD) of 3.3 (16.1) comorbidities, 1.0 (2.6) all-cause acute care visits, and 5.6 (7.8) primary care visits during the baseline period. Patients experiencing specific procedural prescription denials had a higher risk of physiologically related emergency department visits and hospitalizations compared with those without a denial in the subsequent 60 days (adjusted odds ratio, 1.40 [95% CI, 1.03-1.88] minimum vs 1.75 [95% CI, 1.39-2.20] maximum for exposure and control groups across the 7 medication classes with significant differences). Denials in 6 medication classes were associated with net total medical spending increases, ranging from $624 (95% CI, $435-$813) to $3016 (95% CI, $1483-$4550) in additional expense PMPY after accounting for both prescription and medical costs attributed to denials. Conclusions and Relevance The findings of this cross-sectional study suggest that although procedural prescription denials aimed to curb immediate drug costs, some denials prompted heightened acute care utilization and costs that outweighed the short-term prescription budget savings. Health plans should incorporate this potential unintended consequence when shaping prescription coverage policies. Future research should systematically review all medication classes across plans nationally.
Urinary DNA Methylation Test for Bladder Cancer Diagnosis
Authors: In Gab Jeong, Sung-Cheol Yun, Hong Koo Ha, Sung Gu Kang, Sangchul Lee, Sungchan Park, Hyun Hwan Sung, Sun Il Kim, Eu Chang Hwang, Kyung Cheol Moon, Cheol Kwak
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2025)

Importance An accurate noninvasive biomarker test is needed for the early diagnosis of bladder cancer. Objective To evaluate the performance of a urinary DNA methylation test ( PENK methylation) and compare its diagnostic accuracy with that of the nuclear matrix protein 22 (NMP22) test or urine cytology test. Design, Setting, and Participants In this prospective multicenter study at 10 sites in the Republic of Korea, individuals 40 years and older with hematuria undergoing cystoscopy within 3 months between March 11, 2022, and May 30, 2024, participated. The study participants were evaluated for bladder cancer using a urinary DNA methylation test. Exposure Urinary DNA methylation test, NMP22 test, and urine cytology test. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcomes were the sensitivity and specificity of the urinary DNA methylation test for high-grade or invasive bladder cancer. Secondary objectives included the accuracy of the test for overall bladder cancer (all stages and grades) and the comparison of sensitivities and specificities for bladder cancer between the urinary DNA methylation test and the NMP22 test or urine cytology test. Results Among the 1099 participants, 614 (55.9%) were male; participants had a mean (SD) age of 65 (10) years. Of the 1099 participants, 219 and 176 participants had bladder cancer and high-grade or invasive bladder cancer, respectively. The urinary DNA methylation test had sensitivity and specificity for high-grade or invasive bladder cancer of 89.2% (95% CI, 84.6%-93.8%) and 87.8% (95% CI, 85.6%-89.9%), respectively. Sensitivity and specificity for overall bladder cancer were 78.1% (95% CI, 72.6%-83.6%) and 88.8% (95% CI, 86.7%-90.8%), respectively. The positive predictive value for high-grade or invasive bladder cancer was 61.3% (95% CI, 55.4%-67.3%), and the negative predictive value was 97.6% (95% CI, 96.6%-98.7%). In comparison with the NMP22 test or urine cytology test, the urinary DNA methylation test showed significantly superior sensitivity for high-grade or invasive bladder cancer and overall bladder cancer. Conclusions and Relevance In this prospective multicenter study of individuals with hematuria, the urinary DNA methylation test showed 89% sensitivity for detecting high-grade or invasive bladder cancer, outperforming the NMP22 test or urine cytology test with high specificity. While this test had an excellent negative predictive value, its positive predictive value was suboptimal.
Where Did the Passion Go?—Rethinking Adjuvant Immune Therapy for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Natasha Hunter, Sara Hurvitz
Journal: JAMA (2025)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors JAMA+ AI Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2025 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Identification Checks and Underage Sales of Tobacco Products in New Jersey, 2019-2022
Authors: Amanda Y. Kong, Mary Hrywna, Christopher Ackerman, Joseph G. L. Lee, Cristine D. Delnevo
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2025)

This cross-sectional study examines compliance with Tobacco 21 laws in New Jersey between 2019 and 2022.
Remains
Authors: Janice Lynch Schuster
Journal: JAMA (2025)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors JAMA+ AI Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2025 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Autoantibodies in the Pathogenesis of Podocytopathies
Authors: Lukas Blume, Catherine Meyer-Schwesinger
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2025)

Institute of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; and Hamburg Center of Kidney Health, Hamburg, Germany Correspondence: Prof. Catherine Meyer-Schwesinger, email: [email protected] See related article, "Autoantibodies Targeting Proteasome Subunit Alpha Type 1 in Autoimmune Podocytopathies," on pages XXX–XXX.
Interplay between Skeletal Muscle Catabolism and Remodeling of Arteriovenous Fistula via YAP1 Signaling
Authors: Yongdong Wu, Tae Hoon Lee, Owen H. Cheng, Eric Peden, Qingtian Li, Jun Wang, Fengzhang Huang, Marites P. Melancon, David Sheikh-Hamad, Tao Wang, Luan Truong, William Mitch, Ming Liang, Jizhong Cheng
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2025)

Background: Arteriovenous (AV) fistulas are the preferred access for dialysis but have a high incidence of failure. This study aims to understand the crosstalk between skeletal muscle catabolism and AV fistula maturation failure. Methods: Skeletal muscle metabolism and AV fistula maturation were evaluated in mice with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The roles of myostatin and YAP1 in regulating the transdifferentiation of adventitial mesenchymal stem cells (mesenchymal stem cells) and intima hyperplasia in AV fistula were investigated. Nanoparticles carrying a YAP1 inhibitor, verteporfin, with light irradiation-controlled release were synthesized and applied to AV fistula. Results: Increased trichrome signals and stenosis were observed in AV fistulas from mice treated with myostatin and from mice with CKD. In contrast, blocking myostatin function with an anti-myostatin peptibody not only improved body weight and muscle size in CKD mice but also decreased neointima formation in AV fistulas. In cultured mesenchymal stem cells, myostatin induced YAP1 expression, promoting the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into myofibroblasts and inducing extracellular matrix deposition. Red light irradiation-controlled release of verteporfin from nanoparticles blocked YAP1 activation and alleviated myostatin-induced mesenchymal stem cell activation. Periadventitial application and red-light irradiation of nanoparticles carrying verteporfin significantly suppressed stiffening and neointima formation in AV fistula. Conclusions: CKD induced muscle wasting leading to increased production of myostatin, which stimulated mesenchymal stem cell activation and vascular fibrosis linked to AV fistula stenosis. YAP1 signaling was activated in these processes. Red-light irradiation-controlled release of verteporfin offered a feasible approach for local vascular drug intervention to improve AV fistula maturation.
The Adverse Health Effects of Air Pollution from Sugarcane Burning: A Scoping Review of Observational and Experimental Evidence
Authors: Andres Manrique, Kayan Clarke, Sarah Bisesi, Farah A. Arosemena, Eric S. Coker, Tara Sabo-Attwood
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2025)

Sugarcane burning is an agricultural practice that is implemented to increase sugar yields. However, sugarcane burning produces air pollutants associated with adverse health outcomes. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the defined exposures and health effects associated with sugarcane burning and identifies research gaps. A scoping review was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Web-of-Science to identify peer-reviewed literature on health and exposure investigations associated with air pollution from burning sugarcane. Studies were eligible if they included both an air pollution measurement and a health outcome assessment in human workers and surrounding communities or animal studies associated with sugarcane burning. A total of 24 studies passed our inclusion criteria, including 19 observational and five experimental studies. All observational studies were conducted in Brazil or the United States with the majority focused on respiratory (65%, 15/24), cardiovascular (13% 3/24), and renal (13%, 3/24) health outcomes. The most frequently assessed air pollutants were particulate matter [with aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5μm (PM2.5) and with aerodynamic diameter ≤10μm (PM10)] and total suspended particulates (TSP). Of the observational studies, 42% (8/19) were prospective cohorts, and 58% (11/19) employed an ecological design and applied variable exposure assessment methods. The experimental studies all used rodent models with varied exposure routes and pollutants. This review supports a well-documented link between air pollution from sugarcane burning and adverse health effects in workers and neighboring communities with respiratory, renal, and cardiovascular health effects; however, several knowledge gaps were identified, including the need for expansion of studies geographically, application of more advanced exposure science to characterize and quantify sugarcane emission components, probing of emerging health effects (i.e., kidney disease) and associated biomarkers, and evaluation of vulnerable populations that neighbor sugarcane operations. Furthermore, pairing exposure measurements and health assessments in the same study would increase our knowledge and better inform policies to improve the health of workers and communities impacted by sugarcane burning. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP14456.
HoxBlinc lncRNA reprograms CTCF-independent TADs to drive leukemic transcription and HSC dysregulation in NUP98-rearranged leukemia
Authors: Karina Hamamoto, Ganqian Zhu, Qian Lai, Julia Lesperance, Huacheng Luo, Ying Li, Nupur Nigam, Arati Sharma, Feng-Chun Yang, David Claxton, Yi Qiu, Peter D. Aplan, Mingjiang Xu, Suming Huang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2025)

Although nucleoporin 98 (NUP98) fusion oncogenes often drive aggressive pediatric leukemia by altering chromatin structure and expression of HOX genes, underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we report that a Hoxb-associated lncRNA HoxBlinc was aberrantly activated in NUP98-PHF23 fusion-driven leukemias. HoxBlinc chromatin occupancies led to elevated MLL1 recruitment and aberrant homeotic topologically associated domains (TADs) that enhanced chromatin accessibilities and activated homeotic/hematopoietic oncogenes. HoxBlinc-depletion in NUP98 fusion-driven leukemia impaired HoxBlinc binding, TAD integrity, MLL1 recruitment, and MLL1-driven chromatin signature within HoxBlinc-defined TADs in a CTCF-independent manner, leading to inhibited homeotic/leukemic oncogenes that mitigated NUP98 fusion-driven leukemogenesis in xenografted mouse models. Mechanistically, HoxBlinc overexpression in mouse hematopoietic compartment induced leukemias resembling those in NUP98-PHF23 knock-in mice via enhancing HoxBlinc chromatin binding, TAD formation, and Hox gene aberration leading to expansion of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) and myeloid/lymphoid subpopulations. Thus, our studies reveal a CTCF-independent role of HoxBlinc in leukemic TAD organization and oncogene regulatory networks.
Anti-slit Antibodies against Podocin and Kirrel1 in Pediatric and Adult Podocytopathies
Authors: Valentina Raglianti, Maria Lucia Angelotti, Letizia De Chiara, Marco Allinovi, Luigi Cirillo, Anna Manonelles Montero, Josep Maria Cruzado, Maria Elena Melica, Giulia Antonelli, Carolina Conte, Anna Julie Peired, Laura Lasagni, Bärbel Lange-Sperandio, Hans-Joachim Anders, Francesca Becherucci, Elena Lazzeri, Benedetta Mazzinghi, Paola Romagnani
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2025)

Raglianti, Valentina; Angelotti, Maria Lucia; De Chiara, Letizia; Allinovi, Marco; Cirillo, Luigi; Montero, Anna Manonelles; Cruzado, Josep Maria; Melica, Maria Elena; Antonelli, Giulia; Conte, Carolina; Peired, Anna Julie; Lasagni, Laura; Lange-Sperandio, Bärbel; Anders, Hans-Joachim; Becherucci, Francesca; Lazzeri, Elena; Mazzinghi, Benedetta; Romagnani, Paola Author Information