tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic evaluation of paediatric autoimmune lymphoproliferative immunodeficiencies (ALPID): a prospective cohort study
Authors: Pauline Hägele, Paulina Staus, Raphael Scheible, Annette Uhlmann, Maximilian Heeg, Christian Klemann, Maria Elena Maccari, Henrike Ritterbusch, Martin Armstrong, Ioana Cutcutache, Katherine S Elliott, Horst von Bernuth, Timothy Ronan Leahy, Jörg Leyh, Dirk Holzinger, Kai Lehmberg, Peter Svec, Katja Masjosthusmann, Sophie Hambleton, Marcus Jakob, Monika Sparber-Sauer, Leo Kager, Alexander Puzik, Martin Wolkewitz, Myriam Ricarda Lorenz, Klaus Schwarz, Carsten Speckmann, Anne Rensing-Ehl, Stephan Ehl, Mario Abinun, Tore G. Abrahamsen, Michael H. Albert, Mohamed Almalky, Sadaf Altaf, Royala Babayeva, Shahrzad Bakhtiar, Safa Baris, Ulrich Baumann, Martina Becker, Rita Beier, Thomas Berger, Ariane Biebl, Stefan S. Bielack, Saskia Biskup, Sebastian FN Bode, Regine Borchers, Kaan Boztug, Knut Brockmann, Annelyse Bruwier, Bernd Buchholz, Andres Caballero-Oteyza, Andrew J. Cant, Carla N. Castro, Carl F. Classen, Alexander Claviez, Roman Crazzolara, Franziska Cuntz, Nel Dąbrowska-Leonik, Ute Derichs, Gregor Dückers, Wolfgang Eberl, Georg Ebetsberger-Dachs, Miriam Erlacher, Alexandre Fabre, Laura Faletti, Susan Farmand, Antonio E. Figueiredo, Marco Fischer, Tim Flaadt, Hermann Full, Eleonora Gambineri, Hermann Girschick, Sigune Goldacker, Bodo Grimbacher, Miriam Groß, Bernd Gruhn, Florian Haberfellner, Rosie Hague, Holger Hauch, Fabian Hauck, Sabine Heine, Elise J. Huisman, Gordana Jakovljevic, Beki James, Ales Janda, Neil Jones, Petra Kaiser-Labusch, Karim Kentouche, Julian C. Knight, Stephanie Knirsch, Udo Kontny, Julia Körholz, Thomas Krenn, Ingrid Kuehnle, Thomas Kühne, Jae-Yun Lee-Dimroth, Hartwig Lehmann, Alfred Leipold, Andrea Meinhardt, Milen Minkov, Kirsten Mönkemöller, Henner Morbach, Urs Mücke, Michaela Nathrath, Nora Naumann-Bartsch, Olaf Neth, Charlotte M. Niemeyer, Peter Olbrich, Róbert Ostró, Stephen Owens, Malgorzata Pac, Jana Pachlopnik Schmid, Matthew J.T. Page, Arnulf Pekrun, Seraina Prader, Michele Proietti, Nada Rajacic, Tobias Rothoeft, Clodagh Ryan, Sarah Salou, Elisabeth Salzer, Sinisa Savic, Freimut H. Schilling, Stefan Schönberger, Catharina Schuetz, Linnea Schuez-Havupalo, Björn Schulte, Ansgar Schulz, Volker Schuster, Markus G. Seidel, Kathrin Siepermann, Malgorzata Skomska-Pawliszak, Petr Smisek, Maarja Soomann, Martina Stiefel, Simone Storck, Brigitte Strahm, Monika Streiter, Heiko-Manuel Teltschik, Julian Thalhammer, Stephan Tippelt, Vasil Toskov, Johannes Trück, Simon Vieth, Philipp von Bismarck, Oliver Wegehaupt, Thomas Wiesel, Helmut Wittkowski, Ezgi Yalcin Gungoren
Journal: The Lancet Haematology (2024)
Acute promyelocytic leukaemia in low-income and middle-income countries: a Brazilian experience
Authors: Diego A Pereira-Martins, Isabel Weinhäuser, Juan L Coelho-Silva, Emanuele Ammatuna, Gerwin Huls, Jan Jacob Schuringa, Eduardo M Rego, Antonio R Lucena-Araujo
Journal: The Lancet Haematology (2024)
A GPCR-neuropeptide axis dampens hyperactive neutrophils by promoting an alternative-like polarization during bacterial infection
Authors: Naina Gour, Hwan Mee Yong, Aishwarya Magesh, Aishwarya Atakkatan, Felipe Andrade, Stephane Lajoie, Xinzhong Dong
Journal: Immunity (2024)

The notion that neutrophils exist as a homogeneous population is being replaced with the knowledge that neutrophils adopt different functional states. Neutrophils can have a pro-inflammatory phenotype or an anti-inflammatory state, but how these states are regulated remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that the neutrophil-expressed G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) Mrgpra1 is a negative regulator of neutrophil bactericidal functions. Mrgpra1-mediated signaling was driven by its ligand, neuropeptide FF (NPFF), which dictated the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory programming. Specifically, the Mrgpra1-NPFF axis counter-regulated interferon (IFN) γ-mediated neutrophil polarization during acute lung infection by favoring an alternative-like polarization, suggesting that it may act to balance overzealous neutrophilic responses. Distinct, cross-regulated populations of neutrophils were the primary source of NPFF and IFNγ during infection. As a subset of neutrophils at steady state expressed NPFF, these findings could have broad implications in various infectious and inflammatory diseases. Therefore, a neutrophil-intrinsic pathway determines their cellular fate, function, and magnitude of infection.
Addendum: Resolvins suppress tumor growth and enhance cancer therapy
Authors: Megan L. Sulciner, Charles N. Serhan, Molly M. Gilligan, Dayna K. Mudge, Jaimie Chang, Allison Gartung, Kristen A. Lehner, Diane R. Bielenberg, Birgitta Schmidt, Jesmond Dalli, Emily R. Greene, Yael Gus-Brautbar, Julia Piwowarski, Tadanori Mammoto, David Zurakowski, Mauro Perretti, Vikas P. Sukhatme, Arja Kaipainen, Mark W. Kieran, Sui Huang, Dipak Panigrahy
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2024)
Antidepressant Use and Manic Episodes in Children and Adolescents With Unipolar Depression
Authors: Adrian E. Desai Boström, Peter Andersson, Johan Lundberg
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2024)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
David Oliver: Work wellness programmes aren’t the key to improving NHS morale or retention
Authors: David Oliver
Journal: BMJ (2024)

of organisational behaviour at London's Bayes Business School, has written recently in the Guardian about how work wellness programmes don't make employees happier. 1 And many employees don't seem happy at all, especially in the NHS.Its 2022 staff survey (with over 600 000 responses) showed some of the worst scores since it began collecting data, 2 and three in 10 were considering leaving. 3 This is mirrored by national data showing a drop in patient and public satisfaction with the NHS. 4 5 Almost three quarters of staff survey respondents said that they worked in NHS organisations with "too few colleagues to allow them to do their job properly."Only 27% said that "staffing was sufficient" at their organisation, and only 68% were "happy with the standard of care their organisation provided."Health and wellbeing were significant concerns, and a third of doctors and dentists reported feeling burnt out from work.
Use of generative artificial intelligence in medical research
Authors: Nazrul Islam, Mihaela van der Schaar
Journal: BMJ (2024)

Among the most groundbreaking advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) is the emergence of generative AI.These models, including tools such as ChatGPT and Bard, harness deep learning techniques to interpret and replicate complex patterns found in vast datasets.Their primary function is to generate original text or images, demonstrating an understanding of intricate associations, such as the context and semantics of language.For instance, chatbots such as ChatGPT interpret user inputs, typically sentences or paragraphs, to craft unique, contextually relevant responses.This capability stems from training on diverse and extensive textual and imaging data, enabling the model to predict and generate language and images with high accuracy.ChatGPT had 100 million monthly users within the first two months of its introduction, showing the considerable impact and appeal of generative AI.
Autoantigen‐Dexamethasone Conjugate‐Loaded Liposomes Halt Arthritis Development in Mice
Authors: Naomi Benne, Daniëlle ter Braake, Deja Porenta, Chun Yin Jerry Lau, Enrico Mastrobattista, Femke Broere
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Abstract There is no curative treatment for chronic auto‐inflammatory diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, and current treatments can induce off‐target side effects due to systemic immune suppression. This work has previously shown that dexamethasone‐pulsed tolerogenic dendritic cells loaded with the arthritis‐specific antigen human proteoglycan can suppress arthritis development in a proteoglycan‐induced arthritis mouse model. To circumvent ex vivo dendritic cell culture, and enhance antigen‐specific effects, drug delivery vehicles, such as liposomes, provide an interesting approach. Here, this work uses anionic 1,2‐distearoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphoglycerol liposomes with enhanced loading of human proteoglycan‐dexamethasone conjugates by cationic lysine tetramer addition. Antigen‐pulsed tolerogenic dendritic cells induced by liposomal dexamethasone in vitro enhanced antigen‐specific regulatory T cells to a similar extent as dexamethasone‐induced tolerogenic dendritic cells. In an inflammatory adoptive transfer model, mice injected with antigen‐dexamethasone liposomes have significantly higher antigen‐specific type 1 regulatory T cells than mice injected with antigen only. The liposomes significantly inhibit the progression of arthritis compared to controls in preventative and therapeutic proteoglycan‐induced arthritis mouse models. This coincides with systemic tolerance induction and an increase in IL10 expression in the paws of mice. In conclusion, a single administration of autoantigen and dexamethasone‐loaded liposomes seems to be a promising antigen‐specific treatment strategy for arthritis in mice.
Addressing health inequalities in gender diverse people
Authors: None The Lancet Public Health
Journal: The Lancet Public Health (2024)

On Dec 18, 2023, WHO announced the development of a guideline on the health of trans and gender diverse people with group meetings to start in February. The announcement was met with some criticism, underlining the sometimes heated public discourse on trans and gender diverse people. LGBT and gender diverse people are an underserved community disproportionally impacted by adverse health outcomes. They still too often face stigma, discrimination, and barriers to accessing health care. Mounting evidence documents higher rates of mental health conditions among these groups compared with cisgender populations.
Advocating for a sleep-friendly hospital status
Authors: Megan Thomas, Andrea Fidler, Robyn Stremler, Shelly Weiss, Nicola Orlov
Journal: The Lancet Public Health (2024)

We welcome the call by Diane Lim and colleagues1 to promote sleep health in public health agendas globally and strongly support their excellent and comprehensive range of recommendations. As a group of multidisciplinary paediatric professionals, we want to advocate for policies to support sleep in hospitals. Despite hospitals being centres for healing and recovery, one of the most fundamental strategies to achieve these aims—sleep—is typically not included as part of any treatment plan. Numerous studies have shown that environmental, institutional, and care provider factors disrupt inpatient sleep.
Gender-related self-reported mental health inequalities in primary care in England: a cross-sectional analysis using the GP Patient Survey
Authors: Ruth Elizabeth Watkinson, Aimee Linfield, Jack Tielemans, Igor Francetic, Luke Munford
Journal: The Lancet Public Health (2024)

Transgender, non-binary, and gender diverse people face discrimination and barriers to accessing health care. Existing evidence suggests higher rates of mental health conditions among these groups compared with binary and cisgender groups. However, information is limited by poor gender recording in health records and surveys. We aimed to provide the first national estimates of gender-related inequalities in self-reported mental health conditions and mental health support across 15 gender groups in England.
Overdose mortality incidence and supervised consumption services in Toronto, Canada: an ecological study and spatial analysis
Authors: Indhu Rammohan, Tommi Gaines, Ayden Scheim, Ahmed Bayoumi, Dan Werb
Journal: The Lancet Public Health (2024)

BackgroundSupervised consumption services (SCS) prevent overdose deaths onsite; however, less is known about their effect on population-level overdose mortality. We aimed to characterise overdose mortality in Toronto, ON, Canada, and to establish the spatial association between SCS locations and overdose mortality events.MethodsFor this ecological study and spatial analysis, we compared crude overdose mortality rates before and after the implementation of nine SCS in Toronto in 2017. Data were obtained from the Office of the Chief Coroner of Ontario on cases of accidental death within the City of Toronto for which the cause of death involved the use of an opiate, synthetic or semi-synthetic opioid, or other psychoactive substance. We assessed overdose incident data for global spatial autocorrelation and local clustering, then used geographically weighted regression to model the association between SCS proximity and overdose mortality incidence in 2018 and 2019.FindingsWe included 787 overdose mortality events in Toronto between May 1, 2017, and Dec 31, 2019. The overdose mortality rate decreased significantly in neighbourhoods that implemented SCS (8·10 deaths per 100 000 people for May 1–July 31, 2017, vs 2·70 deaths per 100 000 people for May 1–July 31, 2019; p=0·037), but not in other neighbourhoods. In a geographically weighted regression analysis that adjusted for the availability of substance-use-related services and overdose-related sociodemographic factors by neighbourhood, the strongest local regression coefficients of the association between SCS and overdose mortality location ranged from −0·60 to −0·64 per mile in 2018 and from −1·68 to −1·96 per mile in 2019, suggesting an inverse association.InterpretationWe found that the period during which SCS were implemented in Toronto was associated with a reduced overdose mortality in surrounding neighbourhoods. The magnitude of this inverse association increased from 2018 to 2019, equalling approximately two overdose fatalities per 100 000 people averted in the square mile surrounding SCS in 2019. Policy makers should consider implementing and sustaining SCS across neighbourhoods where overdose mortality is high.FundingThe Canadian Institutes of Health Research.
Spatial analyses of health services and drug-related harms in urban and rural settings
Authors: Geoff Bardwell, Christopher Perlman
Journal: The Lancet Public Health (2024)

The Article by Indhu Rammohan and colleagues1 adds to a growing body of literature showing positive outcomes from supervised consumption services (SCS). To date, the focus of SCS research has been on individual experiences, health outcomes, and perspectives regarding the structuration of such services,2–4 with fewer studies on the broader population health implications of these services.5 Using a comprehensive spatial analysis, this study addresses the spillover outcomes of SCS location by showing that proximity to SCS is associated with reductions in overdose deaths.
Cancer risk factors and access to cancer prevention services for people experiencing homelessness
Authors: Maren Jeleff, Sandra Haider, Tobias Schiffler, Alejandro Gil-Salmerón, Lin Yang, Felipe Barreto Schuch, Igor Grabovac
Journal: The Lancet Public Health (2024)

Cancer is one of the most pressing global health issues, and populations with complex needs, such as people experiencing homelessness, have higher cancer incidence and mortality rates compared with the housed population. We mapped the evidence on cancer risk factors as well as barriers and facilitators to cancer prevention services among people experiencing homelessness, which is key to localising research gaps and identifying strategies for tailored interventions adapted to people experiencing homelessness. The results of 40 studies contribute to an understanding of the dynamic, interactive factors at different levels that determine access to cancer prevention services: socioeconomic, psychological, and physical factors (individual level); practical support and relational loops between health-care providers and people experiencing homelessness (interpersonal level); housing and regular medical care (system level); and interventions to facilitate access to cancer prevention (policy level). Furthermore, studies reported higher prevalence of various cancer-associated risk factors among people experiencing homelessness with the most common being tobacco use, ranging from 26% to 73%. The results show the importance of interventions to facilitate cancer prevention services through social support and low-threshold interventions (eg, navigation programmes), and training health-care staff in creating supportive and trusting environments that increase the likelihood of the continuity of care among people experiencing homelessness.
The Glucose Management Indicator: Time to Change Course?
Authors: Elizabeth Selvin
Journal: Diabetes Care (2024)

Laboratory measurement of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) has, for decades, been the standard approach to monitoring glucose control in people with diabetes. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is a revolutionary technology that can also aid in the monitoring of glucose control. However, there is uncertainty in how best to use CGM technology and its resulting data to improve control of glucose and prevent complications of diabetes. The glucose management indicator, or GMI, is an equation used to estimate HbA1c based on CGM mean glucose. GMI was originally proposed to simplify and aid in the interpretation of CGM data and is now provided on all standard summary reports (i.e., average glucose profiles) produced by different CGM manufacturers. This Perspective demonstrates that GMI performs poorly as an estimate of HbA1c and suggests that GMI is a concept that has outlived its usefulness, and it argues that it is preferable to use CGM mean glucose rather than converting glucose to GMI or an estimate of HbA1c. Leaving mean glucose in its raw form is simple and reinforces that glucose and HbA1c are distinct. To reduce patient and provider confusion and optimize glycemic management, mean CGM glucose, not GMI, should be used as a complement to laboratory HbA1c testing in patients using CGM systems.
Trial of <i>N</i> -Acetyl- <scp>l</scp> -Leucine in Niemann–Pick Disease Type C
Authors: Tatiana Bremova-Ertl, Uma Ramaswami, Marion Brands, Tomas Foltan, Matthias Gautschi, Paul Gissen, Francesca Gowing, Andreas Hahn, Simon Jones, Richard Kay, Miriam Kolnikova, Laila Arash-Kaps, Thorsten Marquardt, Eugen Mengel, Julien H Park, Stella Reichmannová, Susanne A Schneider, Siyamini Sivananthan, Mark Walterfang, Pierre Wibawa, Michael Strupp, Kyriakos Martakis
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2024)

Niemann-Pick disease type C is a rare lysosomal storage disorder. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of
Lister Revisited — Skin Antisepsis before Fracture Fixation
Authors: Selwyn O Rogers, Richard P Wenzel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2024)

Trauma is the sixth leading cause of death and the fifth ranking cause of moderate or severe disability in the world.1 In more than 50% of patients with the most severe trauma, musculoskeletal injuries are present. Trauma databases show that nearly 80% of trauma-related surgeries are orthopedic in nature.2-4 In open fractures, broken skin poses an increased risk of infection and malunion. Worldwide, approximately 178 million persons have a limb fracture each year, including more than 1 million patients who undergo surgical fixation in the United States.5 The most common complication of orthopedic-fracture repair is surgical-site infection. In the dawn . . .
Volanesorsen to Prevent Acute Pancreatitis in Hypertriglyceridemia
Authors: Veronica J Alexander, Ewa Karwatowska-Prokopczuk, Thomas A Prohaska, Lu Li, Richard S Geary, Ioanna Gouni-Berthold, Elif A Oral, Robert A Hegele, Erik S G Stroes, Joseph L Witztum, Sotirios Tsimikas
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2024)
Skin Antisepsis before Surgical Fixation of Extremity Fractures
Authors: Sheila Sprague, Gerard Slobogean, Jeffrey L Wells, Nathan N O'Hara, Lehana Thabane, C Daniel Mullins, Anthony D Harris, Amber Wood, Darius Viskontas, Kelly L Apostle, Robert V O'Toole, Manjari Joshi, Herman Johal, Jamal Al-Asiri, Robert A Hymes, Greg E Gaski, Holly T Pilson, Eben A Carroll, Sharon Babcock, Jason J Halvorson, Nicholas M Romeo, Christopher A Matson, Thomas F Higgins, Lucas S Marchand, Patrick F Bergin, John Morellato, Robert E Van Demark, G David Potter, I Leah Gitajn, Gerard Chang, Kevin D Phelps, Laurence B Kempton, Madhav Karunakar, Todd Jaeblon, Haley K Demyanovich, Christopher M Domes, Gabrielle R Kuhn, Rachel M Reilly, Mark J Gage, Michael J Weaver, Arvind G von Keudell, Marilyn Heng, Michael F McTague, Ahmad Alnasser, Samir Mehta, Derek J Donegan, Roman M Natoli, Jan Szatkowski, Alesha N Scott, Steven F Shannon, Kyle J Jeray, Stephanie L Tanner, Meir T Marmor, Amir Matityahu, Justin T Fowler, Sarah N Pierrie, Michael J Beltran, Cameron G Thomson, Carol A Lin, Charles N Moon, John A Scolaro, Arya Amirhekmat, Jordan Leonard, David Pogorzelski, Sofia Bzovsky, Diane Heels-Ansdell, Olivia P Szasz, Jodi L Gallant, Gregory J Della Rocca, Robert D Zura, Joan N Hebden, Joseph T Patterson, Christopher Lee, Lyndsay M O'Hara, Debra Marvel, Jana E Palmer, Jeff Friedrich, Jean-Claude G D'Alleyrand, Jessica C Rivera, Franca Mossuto, Gregory M Schrank, Gordon Guyatt, P J Devereaux, Mohit Bhandari
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2024)

Studies evaluating surgical-site infection have had conflicting results with respect to the use of alcohol solutions containing iodine povacrylex or chlorhexidine gluconate as skin antisepsis before surgery to repair a fractured limb (i.e., an extremity fracture).
CRISPR-Cas9 In Vivo Gene Editing of <i>KLKB1</i> for Hereditary Angioedema
Authors: Hilary J Longhurst, Karen Lindsay, Remy S Petersen, Lauré M Fijen, Padmalal Gurugama, David Maag, James S Butler, Mrinal Y Shah, Adele Golden, Yuanxin Xu, Carri Boiselle, Joseph D Vogel, Ahmed M Abdelhady, Michael L Maitland, Mark D McKee, Jessica Seitzer, Bo W Han, Samantha Soukamneuth, John Leonard, Laura Sepp-Lorenzino, Eliana D Clark, David Lebwohl, Danny M Cohn
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2024)

Hereditary angioedema is a rare genetic disease that leads to severe and unpredictable swelling attacks. NTLA-2002 is an in vivo gene-editing therapy based on clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated protein 9. NTLA-2002 targets the gene encoding kallikrein B1 (
Flipping the Switch
Authors: Mary K Finta, Gurpreet Dhaliwal, Owen R Albin, Khurshid R Ghani, Nathan Houchens
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2024)

A 43-year-old woman presented with a 1-week history of dysuria and lower abdominal pressure but no fevers, hematuria, or flank pain. She had had several urinary tract infections in the past 2 years.