tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comparative efficacy and acceptability of pharmacological, psychological, and neurostimulatory interventions for ADHD in adults: a systematic review and component network meta-analysis
Authors: Edoardo G Ostinelli, Marcel Schulze, Caroline Zangani, Luis C Farhat, Anneka Tomlinson, Cinzia Del Giovane, Samuel R Chamberlain, Alexandra Philipsen, Susan Young, Phil J Cowen, Andrea Bilbow, Andrea Cipriani, Samuele Cortese
Journal: The Lancet Psychiatry (2024)

The comparative benefits and harms of available interventions for ADHD in adults remain unclear. We aimed to address these important knowledge gaps.
Extracellular vesicles deliver thioredoxin to rescue stem cells from senescence and intervertebral disc degeneration via a feed-forward circuit of the NRF2/AP-1 composite pathway
Authors: Xuanzuo Chen, Sheng Liu, Huiwen Wang, Yiran Liu, Yan Xiao, Kanglu Li, Feifei Ni, Wei Wu, Hui Lin, Xiangcheng Qing, Feifei Pu, Baichuan Wang, Zengwu Shao, Yizhong Peng
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2024)

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is largely attributed to impaired endogenous repair. Nucleus pulposus-derived stem cells (NPSCs) senescence leads to endogenous repair failure. Small extracellular vesicles/exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (mExo) have shown great therapeutic potential in IDD, while whether mExo could alleviate NPSCs senescence and its mechanisms remained unknown. We established a compression-induced NPSCs senescence model and rat IDD models to evaluate the therapeutic efficiency of mExo and investigate the mechanisms. We found that mExo significantly alleviated NPSCs senescence and promoted disc regeneration while knocking down thioredoxin (TXN) impaired the protective effects of mExo. TXN was bound to various endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) proteins. Autocrine motility factor receptor (AMFR) mediated TXN K63 ubiquitination to promote the binding of TXN on ESCRT proteins and sorting of TXN into mExo. Knocking down exosomal TXN inhibited the transcriptional activity of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and activator protein 1 (AP-1). NRF2 and AP-1 inhibition reduced endogenous TXN production that was promoted by exosomal TXN. Inhibition of NRF2 in vivo diminished the anti-senescence and regenerative effects of mExo. Conclusively, AMFR-mediated TXN ubiquitination promoted the sorting of TXN into mExo, allowing exosomal TXN to promote endogenous TXN production in NPSCs via TXN/NRF2/AP-1 feed-forward circuit to alleviate NPSCs senescence and disc degeneration.
Dual‐Layer Nanoengineered Urinary Catheters for Enhanced Antimicrobial Efficacy and Reduced Cytotoxicity (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 31/2024)
Authors: Dong‐Sung Won, Hyun Lee, Yubeen Park, Minjung Chae, Yu‐Chan Kim, Bumjin Lim, Min‐Ho Kang, Myoung‐Ryul Ok, Hyun‐Do Jung, Jung‐Hoon Park
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)
Wirelessly Actuated Microfluidic Pump and Valve for Controlled Liquid Delivery in Dental Implants (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 31/2024)
Authors: Yilan Xu, Honglu Lin, Boyang Xiao, Hutomo Tanoto, Joel Berinstein, Alend Khoshnaw, Simon Young, Yuxiao Zhou, Xiaoguang Dong
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)
Glutathione Induced In Situ Activation of Dual‐Locked Cuproptosis Nanoamplifier with Glycolysis Metabolism Inhibition to Boost Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Xiaomei Wu, Shuo Zhang, Mei Feng, Haoya Sun, Xiaopeng Lan, Wenlong Liang, Chunzhao Liu, Yongxin Li
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Interference with glycolysis metabolism not only promotes the efficient sensitization of cuproptosis, but also amplifies cytotoxic T cell functions and proliferations, thus contributing to relieve immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. However, the synergistic mechanism and the design of multicomponent nanoformulations involving these three pathways have not yet been explored. a copper-coordinated nanoassembly (designated as Cu-GM) is reported here that integrates a lactate dehydrogenase inhibitor, galloflavin (GF), with an immune checkpoint inhibitor, myricetin (MY), to boost cancer cuproptosis-immunotherapy. These results suggest that Cu-GM can be activated by the endogenous overexpressed glutathione to release Cu+, leading to the abnormal aggregation of lipoylated proteins and iron-sulfur cluster proteins loss, which triggers proteotoxic stress and cell cuproptosis. Meanwhile, the released GF not only inhibits the glycolysis to amplify cuproptosis efficacy but also achieves effective lactate depletion, thus alleviating immunosuppressive effects of lactate. Notably, the killed tumor cells can induce immunogenic cell death to evoke the anti-tumor immunity, which further augmented by the MY-mediated immune checkpoint blockade. Taken together, the first anticancer synergy of glycolysis metabolism, cuproptosis, and immunotherapy is presented, showcasing remarkable in vivo antitumor effects and encouraging further exploration of a rational multimodal treatment approach.
Multitasking Asynchronous Collaborative Nanosystem for Diabetic Wound Healing Based on Hypoglycemic, Antimicrobial, and Angiogenesis‐Promoting Effects
Authors: Jun Ren, Chaoli Wang, Hao Gao, Shuaikun Lu, Congxiao Fu, Hu Wang, Guoliang Wang, Zhenfeng Zhu, Hong Wu, Wen Luo, Yunfei Zhang
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

A diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a common and serious complication of diabetes. This complication can result in amputation and death because of the several challenges associated with wound healing that can be attributed to the complex wound microenvironment, including biofilm infection, hyperglycemia, and diabetic angiopathy. Existing investigations on the wound-healing rate consider only one or two pathogenic factors, and therefore, despite the extensive research on these pathological microenvironments, there is an urgent need to optimize the wound-healing rate in patients with diabetic foot ulcers. To this end, a multitasking asynchronous collaborative nanosystem is designed in this study. The designed nanosystem can efficiently clear biofilm infections using optimized photodynamic therapy based on a poly photosensitizer ionic liquid (i.e., Ce6IL), reduce local blood glucose concentration using glucose oxidase, and reconstruct blood vessels by stimulating endothelial cell proliferation and migration using nitric oxide. The experimental results indicate that the three-step sequential collaboration strategy for clearing biofilm infections, reducing glucose concentrations, and reconstructing damaged blood vessels can help significantly accelerate wound healing rate in patients with diabetic foot ulcers.
A novel three-dimensional model of Infantile Haemangioma
Authors: Raka Mitra, Tracy K Hale, Helen L Fitzsimons, Clint Gray, Madeleine P J White
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2024)

Infantile Haemangioma (IH) is vascular tumour in infants exhibiting rapid proliferation and angiogenesis followed by gradual involution.10% of cases are associated with disfiguring complications and requires medical interventions with β-blockers such as propranolol, surgery, or laser therapy. An in vitro IH three-dimensional (3D) model will improve our understanding of the disease mechanism(s). We have isolated and expanded CD31+ endothelial cells (HemEC) from patient-derived IH cell lines, and then grown as spheroids in StemDIFF Endothelial expansion media. These were then embedded in extracellular matrix hydrogel with reduced growth factors to initiate angiogenic sprouting. HemEC spheroids expressed CD31, GLUT1, VEGFR2, CD44, Vimentin, CD133 but not SMA, indicating their similarity to immature IH blood vessels and their angiogenic potential. Proteomic analysis revealed similar homology in terms of protein expression in spheroids and IH tissue. The high-throughput application of this 3D angiogenesis model was tested using propranolol to inhibit sprouting of spheroids with increased toxicity response. This study reports the development of a 3D model of IH that recapitulates angiogenic features of IH for molecular analysis and drug screening.
Co-evolution and Gene Transfers Drive Speciation Patterns in Host-Associated Bacteria
Authors: Caroline Stott, Awa Diop, Kasie Raymann, Louis-Marie Bobay
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2024)

Abstract Microbial communities that maintain symbiotic relationships with animals evolve by adapting to the specific environmental niche provided by their host, yet understanding their patterns of speciation remains challenging. Whether bacterial speciation occurs primarily through allopatric or sympatric processes remains an open question. In addition, patterns of DNA transfers, which are pervasive in bacteria, are more constrained in a closed host-gut system. Eusocial bees have co-evolved with their specialized microbiota for over 85 million years, constituting a simple and valuable system to study the complex dynamics of host-associated microbial interactions. Here we studied the patterns of speciation and evolution of seven specialized gut bacteria from three clades of eusocial bee species: western honey bees, eastern honey bees and bumblebees. We conducted genomic analyses to infer species delineation relative to the patterns of homologous recombination (HR), and horizontal gene transfer (HGT). The studied bacteria presented various modes of evolution and speciation relative to their hosts, but some trends were consistent across all of them. We observed a clear interruption of homologous recombination between bacteria inhabiting different bee hosts, which is consistent with a mechanism of allopatric speciation, but we also identified interruptions of homologous recombination within hosts, suggesting recent or ongoing sympatric speciation. In contrast to HR, we observed that HGT events were not constrained by species borders. Overall, our findings show that in host-associated bacterial populations, patterns of HR and HGT have different impacts on speciation patterns, which are driven by both allopatric and sympatric speciation processes.
Recombinant SMN protein synergizes with spinal muscular atrophy therapy to counteract pathological motor neuron phenotypes
Authors: Liliana Brambilla, Chiara F. Valori, Giulia Guidotti, Francesca Martorana, Claudia Sulmona, Lisa Benedetta De Martini, Anselmo Canciani, Marco Fumagalli, Francesca Talpo, Gerardo Biella, Elisa Di Pasquale, Claudio Iacobucci, Federico Forneris, Haiyan Zhou, Daniela Rossi
Journal: Translational Neurodegeneration (2024)
Implications of Circadian Disruption on Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: The Mediating Role of Sympathetic Nervous System
Authors: Zongmian Song, Miaoheng Yan, Shuo Zhang, Binwu Hu, Xiangcheng Qing, Zengwu Shao, Songfeng Chen, Xiao Lv, Hongjian Liu
Journal: Ageing Research Reviews (2024)
Successful endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy of a recurrent paraganglioma using a forward-viewing echoendoscope in a patient who had undergone the Whipple procedure
Authors: Miki Wada, Yukitoshi Matsunami, Shuntaro Mukai, Atsushi Sofuni, Takayoshi Tsuchiya, Yuichi Nagakawa, Takao Itoi
Journal: Endoscopy (2024)
From micronutrient to mechanism: Magnesium and the CNNM4 puzzle in alcohol-associated liver disease
Authors: Wiramon Rungratanawanich, Suthat Liangpunsakul, Jing Ma
Journal: Hepatology (2024)

1Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA 2Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 3Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 4Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN ORCID identifier: Wiramon Rungratanawanich (0000-0001-9334-0984), Suthat Liangpunsakul (0000-0002-6504-8123), Jing Ma (0000-0002-2671-3792). Abbreviations: AH, Alcohol-associated hepatitis; ALD, Alcohol-associated liver disease; CNNM, Cyclin and CBS domain divalent metal cation transport mediators; ER, Endoplasmic reticulum; GalNAc, Nacetylgalactosamine; MagT1, magnesium transporter 1; PCMT1, Protein-L-isoaspartate-O-methyltransferase; siRNA, silencing RNA; SLC41A1, Solute carrier family 41 member 1; TRPM7, transient receptor potential melastatin 7. Correspondence Wiramon Rungratanawanich, Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892. Email: [email protected] Correspondence Jing Ma, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202. Email: [email protected]
Validation and expansion of Baveno VII criteria for cACLD and CSPH based on liver stiffness and platelet count: Correlation with risk of hepatic decompensation and death
Authors: Philip Vutien, Abbey Barnard Giustini, Nicole J. Kim, Andrew M. Moon, Chun-Nan Hsu, Catherine Mezzacappa, Joleen A. Borgerding, Kay M. Johnson, Trang VoPham, Kristin Berry, Lauren A. Beste, David E. Kaplan, Tamar H. Taddei, George N. Ioannou
Journal: Hepatology (2024)

Background and Aims: Recently proposed “Rule-of-Five” criteria define compensated advanced chronic liver disease (cACLD) and clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH) using liver stiffness (LS) and platelet count. We aimed to validate these criteria by determining whether they are associated with risk of adverse outcomes. Methods and Results: Patients without prior hepatic decompensation or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who underwent LS and platelet measurements (n=17,076), were categorized as follows: no cACLD (LS 2.5-9.9 kPa); probable cACLD (LS 10-14.9 kPa); certain cACLD-no CSPH (LS 15-19.9 kPa and platelets ≥110,000/µL or LS 20-24.9 kPa and platelets ≥150,000/µL); probable CSPH (LS 15-19.9 kPa and platelets &lt;110,000/µL or LS 20-24.9 and platelets &lt;150,000/µL); and certain CSPH (LS ≥25 Kpa), which we further sub-divided into 25-49.9 kPa and 50-75 kPa. During a median follow-up of 2.82 years, each increase in “Rule-of-Five” category was associated linearly with higher risks of death (hazard ratio [HR] 1.22, 95% CI 1.18-1.25) and decompensation (HR 1.52, 95% CI 1.46-1.58). Compared to patients with LS 25-49.9 kPa, those with LS 50-75 kPa (“critical” CSPH) had approximately double the risk of decompensation (11.24 vs. 4.20 per 100 patient-years) and death (9.85 vs. 6.98 per 100 patient-years). Conclusions: The Baveno VII “Rule-of-Five” criteria provide a valid system for stratifying risks of death and hepatic decompensation and should be used routinely in patients with chronic liver disease. Among patients with CSPH (LS ≥25 kPa), the subgroup with LS 50-75 kPa (“critical” CSPH) has approximately double the risk of death and hepatic decompensation than LS 25-49.9 kPa.
Global Burden of Disease from Environmental Factors
Authors: Sierra N. Clark, Susan C. Anenberg, Michael Brauer
Journal: Annual Review of Public Health (2024)

Estimation of the disease burden attributable to environmental factors is a powerful tool for prioritizing environmental and pollution management and public health actions around the world. The World Health Organization (WHO) has been estimating the environmental disease burden since 2000, which has formed the basis for the modern estimation approach conducted in the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factor (GBD) study. In 2021, environmental and occupational risk factors in the GBD were responsible for 18.9% (12.8 million) of global deaths and 14.4% of all disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), led by ambient PM 2.5 air pollution (4.2% DALYs, 4.7 million deaths) and household air pollution (3.9% DALYs, 3.1 million deaths). Climate change exacerbates many environmental hazards, leading to increased disease burdens from heat, air pollution, vector-borne diseases, storms, and flooding. Other environmental risk factors not included in the GBD, such as poor indoor air quality, various chemical exposures, and environmental noise pollution, also significantly contribute to disease burden in many countries, though more efforts are needed to generate and integrate data resources for inclusion in global estimations.
Systems Biology of the Cancer Cell
Authors: Kevin A. Janes, Matthew J. Lazzara
Journal: Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering (2024)

Questions in cancer have engaged systems biologists for decades. During that time, the quantity of molecular data has exploded, but the need for abstractions, formal models, and simplifying insights has remained the same. This review brings together classic breakthroughs and recent findings in the field of cancer systems biology, focusing on cancer-cell pathways for tumorigenesis and therapeutic response. Cancer cells mutate and transduce information from their environment to alter gene expression, metabolism, and phenotypic states. Understanding the molecular architectures that make each of these steps possible is a long-term goal of cancer systems biology pursued by iterating between quantitative models and experiments. We argue that such iteration is the best path to deploying targeted therapies intelligently so that each patient receives the maximum benefit for their cancer.
The potential for AI to revolutionize conservation: a horizon scan
Authors: Sam A Reynolds, Sara Beery, Neil Burgess, Mark Burgman, Stuart H M Butchart, Steven J Cooke, David Coomes, Finn Danielsen, Enrico Di Minin, América Paz Durán, Francis Gassert, Amy Hinsley, Sadiq Jaffer, Julia P G Jones, Binbin V Li, Oisin Mac Aodha, Anil Madhavapeddy, Stephanie A L O'Donnell, William M Oxbury, Lloyd Peck, Nathalie Pettorelli, Jon Paul Rodríguez, Emily Shuckburgh, Bernardo Strassburg, Hiromi Yamashita, Zhongqi Miao, William J Sutherland
Journal: Trends in Ecology & Evolution (2024)
Immunoglobulin light chain mutational status refines IGHV prognostic value in identifying chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients with early treatment requirement
Authors: Jana Nabki, Bashar Al Deeban, Abel Mehari Sium, Chiara Cosentino, Mohammad Almasri, Bassel Awikeh, Nawar Maher, Matteo Bellia, Riccardo Dondolin, Samir Mouhssine, Donatella Talotta, Eleonora Secomandi, Sreekar Kogila, Joseph Ghanej, Francesca Maiellaro, Luca Cividini, Silvia Rasi, Annalisa Chiarenza, Jacopo Olivieri, Massimo Gentile, Francesco Zaja, Maria Ilaria Del Principe, Luca Laurenti, Riccardo Bomben, Filippo Vit, Tamara Bittolo, Antonella Zucchetto, Valter Gattei, Gianluca Gaidano, Riccardo Moia
Journal: Leukemia (2024)

The mutational status of immunoglobulin (IG) light chain genes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and its clinical impact have not been extensively studied. To assess their prognostic significance, the IG light chain gene repertoire in CLL patients has been evaluated using a training-validation approach. In the training cohort (N = 573 CLL), 92.5% showed productive IG light chain genes rearrangements, with IGKV4-1 (20.5%) and IGLV3-21 (19.0%) being the most common. A 99.0% somatic hypermutation cut-off was identified as the best predictor for time to first treatment (TTFT) in 414 Binet A CLL patients of the training cohort. Patients with unmutated (UM) light chain genes displayed a 10-year treatment free probability of 32.4% versus 73.2% for those with mutated (M) genes (p < 0.0001). Importantly, UM light chain genes maintained an independent association with a shorter TTFT when adjusted for the IPS-E prognostic model variables, that also includes IGHV mutational status. The validation cohort of 343 Rai 0 patients confirmed these findings, with UM light chain genes predicting a 7-year treatment free probability of 42.0% versus 73.7% for M genes (p < 0.0001). These results indicate that the mutational status of the light chain genes is an independent predictor of shorter TTFT in early-stage CLL patients.
Reply to: “Breast Cancer Screening Interval: Effects of Proportions and Biases on Benefits” and “Annual Versus Biennial Mammographic Screening”
Authors: Margarita L. Zuley, Andriy I. Bandos, Stephen W. Duffy, Durwin Logue, Rohit Bhargava, Priscilla F. McAuliffe, Adam M. Brufsky, Robert M. Nishikawa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2024)
Endoscopic Approaches for Managing Small Intestinal Disease
Authors: Fady F. Youssef, Laurel L. Branch, Mark Kowalczyk, Thomas J. Savides
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (2024)

The endoscopic evaluation and management of small intestinal diseases continue to evolve and expand. The advent of small bowel wireless capsule endoscopy and deep enteroscopy with either a double- or single-balloon enteroscope now allows complete endoscopic visualization of the entire small intestine and enables access for endoscopic interventions such as biopsies or hemostasis for most of the small bowel. New endoscopic techniques are available to treat proximal malignant small bowel obstruction, including intraluminal stents and endoscopic gastrojejunal stents. Emerging technologies also aim to improve weight loss and diabetes management via small bowel endoscopic interventions.
Harm Reduction: The Neglected Pillar of US Drug Policy
Authors: Brendan Saloner, Daliah Heller, Corey S. Davis, Susan G. Sherman
Journal: Annual Review of Public Health (2024)

Harm reduction programs provide tools that enable people who use drugs to do so more safely in a nonstigmatizing environment without the goal of them necessarily seeking treatment or abstinence. Most harm reduction programs in the United States distribute sterile syringes and naloxone and safely dispose of used syringes and other drug use supplies. Many also provide drug checking services, and other safer use supplies. These programs exist on a limited scale and often face restrictions on their funding and scope of operations. While research demonstrates the effectiveness of existing programs in preventing infectious disease transmission and fatal overdose, there is less evidence about conditions that support the effective expansion and sustainment of existing models. Other harm reduction interventions such as overdose prevention centers and safer supply programs have promising international evidence but are prohibited or severely restricted under US law. In this review, we summarize the evidence for harm reduction interventions, describe the policy environment in which they exist, and provide recommendations to better align drug policy with existing and emerging evidence in the US context.
Non-image-forming photoreceptors improve visual orientation selectivity and image perception
Authors: Yiming Shi, Jiaming Zhang, Xingyi Li, Yuchong Han, Jiangheng Guan, Yilin Li, Jiawei Shen, Tzvetomir Tzvetanov, Dongyu Yang, Xinyi Luo, Yichuan Yao, Zhikun Chu, Tianyi Wu, Zhiping Chen, Ying Miao, Yufei Li, Qian Wang, Jiaxi Hu, Jianjun Meng, Xiang Liao, Yifeng Zhou, Louis Tao, Yuqian Ma, Jutao Chen, Mei Zhang, Rong Liu, Yuanyuan Mi, Jin Bao, Zhong Li, Xiaowei Chen, Tian Xue
Journal: Neuron (2024)
Low-inflammatory lipid nanoparticle-based mRNA vaccine elicits protective immunity against H5N1 high-pathogenicity avian influenza virus with reduced adverse reactions
Authors: Atsushi Kawai, Taro Shimizu, Hiroki Tanaka, Shintaro Shichinohe, Jessica Anindita, Mika Hirose, Eigo Kawahara, Kota Senpuku, Makoto Shimooka, Le Thi Quynh Mai, Ryo Suzuki, Takuto Nogimori, Takuya Yamamoto, Toshiro Hirai, Takayuki Kato, Tokiko Watanabe, Hidetaka Akita, Yasuo Yoshioka
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2024)
Health associated quality of life impairment in People who inject drugs (PWID) after blood stream infection.
Authors: A Richards, I Mortimer, P Burns, E Plevneshi, G Barlow, N Easom, P J Lillie
Journal: Journal of Infection (2024)

People who inject drugs (PWID) have high rates of blood stream infections (BSI) with Staphylococcus aureus (SA) and group A streptococcus (GAS). Little is known about health related quality of life outcomes after BSI.