tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 259: Single or Multibeat Modality for 3D Echocardiography Left Ventricular Volumes Assessment: Comparison Study With MRI
Authors: Laurent Macron, Julien Nahum, Alexandre Bensaid, Laurens Mitchell-Heggs, Jean-Francois Deux, Pascal Lim, Pascal Gueret
Journal: Circulation (2009)

OBJECTIVE: Several cardiac cycles (beats) are required for Real Time 3D Echocardiography (RT3DE) full volume acquisition with current systems. Recent advances in technology allow acquiring the whole myocardium volume within only one or two beats but with lower frame rate. The purpose of the study is to assess the optimal number of beats required for RT3DE accurate measurements of left ventricular (LV) volumes and ejection fraction (EF).  METHODS: Thirty five consecutive patients (61.5±17.8 years, 61% men, 33% coronary artery disease) with good echocardiographic image quality underwent RT3DE (Vivid E9, GE) and MRI (Siemens 1.5T) on the same day. LV volumes and EF were computed (4D Auto LVQ GE analysis software) from 3D datasets acquired using one and several beats (2, 3 and 4) and were compared to cine-MRI short axis measurements (Argus Siemens software).  RESULTS: The temporal resolution of RT3DE dataset acquired using 1, 2, 3 and 4 beats was 6±2, 14±9, 17±6 and 22±7 frame rate per cardiac cycle respectively. Regardless of the number of beats and temporal resolution RT3DE provided a fair correlation with MRI for LVED (r 2  ranged from 0.8 to 0.85) with similar systematic underestimation (bias ranged from −22 to −25mL). In contrast LV end systolic volume and EF (See Figure) were strongly affected by temporal resolution with the tightest 95% CI agreement with MRI for 2 beats datasets for both (32mL and 10% respectively).  CONCLUSION: New fast RT3DE acquisitions of LV full volume requires a minimal temporal resolution to ensure an accurate measurement of LV volumes and EF that seems warranted using two beats 3D datasets.
Laboratory diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis at the Portuguese National Institute of Health (1990-2004)
Authors: I Lopes de Carvalho, M S Núncio
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2006)

Lyme borreliosis is considered to be an emerging infection in some regions of the world, including Portugal. The first Portuguese human case of Lyme borreliosis was identified in 1989. Since 1999, this disease is considered a notifiable disease (DDO) in Portugal, but only a few cases are reported each year, which does not allow consistent analysis of risk factors and the impact on public health. In this study the authors analyse the data available at the Centre for Vectors and Infectious Diseases Research (CEVDI) laboratory, at the Instituto Nacional de Saude Dr. Ricardo Jorge (National Institute of Health, INSA) during the past 15 years (1990-2004) and evaluate them against the registry of national reported cases (1999-2004). Serological tests were the basis for laboratory diagnosis. Data on year of diagnosis, sex, age, geographical origin and clinical signs are available for 628 well documented Portuguese positive cases. The number of cases per year varied between 2 and 78, with the highest number of cases reported in 1997. Of the positive cases, 53.5% were female and the age group most affected was 35-44 years old. Neuroborreliosis was the most common clinical manifestation (37.3%). Human cases were detected in 17 of the 20 regions of Portugal, and the highest number of laboratory confirmed cases were from the Lisbon district. The comparison of the number of notified cases and the number of positive cases confirmed by our laboratory show that Lyme borreliosis is clearly an underreported disease. Due to the scattered distribution of the positive cases and the low prevalence of the tick species Ixodes ricinus, the most effective prevention measure for Lyme borreliosis in Portugal is education of the risk groups on how to prevent tick bites.
Using anticoagulation or aspirin to prevent stroke
Authors: S. J Ellis
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Analgesic effects of sweet solutions and pacifiers in term neonates Suckling at the breast is better than sweet solutions and pacifiersEditor-A breastfeeding mother spontaneously comforts her distressed infant by putting him or her to the breast.It is a pity that Carbajal et al, when assessing the analgesic effects of orally administered glucose and sucrose in healthy term neonates, did not include a comparison group of infants given breast milk, which is rich in lactose and naturally sweet. 1 It would also have been appropriate to compare the analgesic effect of using a pacifier with that of suckling at the breast before and immediately after the painful procedure.Pacifiers and sugar solutions given unnecessarily to healthy neonates are not proved to be "simple and safe interventions," as Carbajal et al state.Exclusive breast feeding (for about the first six months) is the World Health Organization's recommendation. 2Two of the evidence based "ten steps to successful breastfeeding," developed by the WHO/Unicef Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative, are step 6 ("Give newborn infants no food or drink other than breast milk, unless medically indicated") and step 9 ("Give no artificial teats or pacifiers, also called dummies or soothers, to breastfeeding infants"). 3nything that may interfere with the establishment of lactation or undermine the mother's confidence in breast feeding is to be avoided.I hope that this flawed piece of research will not result in either pacifiers or sugar solutions being "widely used for minor procedures in neonates."
How to best assess tumor response after curative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC): RECIST or PET/CT?
Authors: V. A. Passero, B. F. Branstetter, D. E. Heron, M. K. Gibson, S. Y. Lai, S. W. Kim, R. L. Ferris, J. R. Grandis, J. T. Johnson, A. E. Argiris
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

6023 Background: Response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST) has questionable value when applied to potentially curable, locally advanced HNSCC. Combined functional and anatomical imaging offers potential advantages in response assessment. We previously showed that combined FDG-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) has higher accuracy in depicting head and neck cancer than CT or PET alone (Branstetter et al. Radiology 2005). Methods: We reviewed records of patients (pts) with previously untreated, stage III/IV HNSCC treated with primary CRT on 5 clinical trials from 2004–2007. All pts underwent PET/CT prior to treatment and approximately 8 weeks post CRT. The presence of a complete response (CR) was assessed by clinical exam, CT portion of PET/CT (RECIST) and PET portion of PET/CT. CR by PET was defined as complete disappearance of FDG activity attributable to tumor, without regard to the degree of CT response, as assessed on fused PET/CT. We evaluated the agreement of different methods in assessing CR and the correlation of CR with pt outcome. Results: 52 pts were analyzed. Median age was 54 years (20–74). Males 41 (79%). Stage III, 17%; IV, 83%. Primary sites: oropharynx (52%), oral cavity (6%), larynx (21%), hypopharynx (8%), nasopharynx (6%), unknown primary (8%). CRT regimens: cetuximab/cisplatin, 30; cetuximab/pemetrexed, 11; docetaxel/erlotinib, 9; cisplatin,1; carboplatin, 1. In addition, 28 pts received induction. Concordance between methods in assigning response as CR: CT and PET (62%), clinical exam and CT (43%); clinical exam and PET (51%). With a median follow up of 15 months, 1/27 of pts with CR by PET recurred vs 9/25 of pts without CR (p=0.004); 1/13 of pts with CR by CT recurred vs 9/39 of pts without CR (p=0.4); 8/42 of pts with CR by exam recurred vs 1/9 of pts without CR (p=0.5) Of 39 pts who did not achieve CR by CT (RECIST), 0/15 who had CR by PET progressed but 9/24 who had less than a CR by PET progressed (p=0.007). Conclusions: There is poor concordance between various methods of response assessment post CRT for HNSCC. Combined PET/CT is superior to CT (RECIST) and exam in predicting recurrence. PET negativity after CRT is a powerful predictor of outcome in HNSCC, regardless of response using RECIST. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 8791: Novel ECG Criteria Identifying Posteroseptal Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Arrhythmia
Authors: Taro Sasaoka, Hitoshi Hachiya, Tomofumi Nakamura, Koji Sugiyama, Atsuhiko Yagishita, Yasuaki Tanaka, Tetsuro Sasano, Mihoko Kawabata, Kenzo Hirao, Mitsuaki Isobe
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Some studies have shown ECG characteristics of outflow tract ventricular arrhythmia (OT-VA), however, most of the studies mainly focused on prediction of LVOT or RVOT origin. The detail of 12-lead ECG characteristics of septal right ventricular outflow tract arrhythmia (RVOT-VA) remains unknown. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to elucidate the predictability of the site of origin in septal RVOT-VA by 12-lead ECG characteristics. Method: A total of 56 consecutive patients underwent radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) in our institution from 2006 to 2009. Among them, 32 patients (59%) with septal RVOT-VA were retrospectively reviewed. They were divided into 3 groups according to the ablation success site, anteroseptal RVOT (Group A, n=9), posteroseptal RVOT (Group P, n=9), and midseptal RVOT (Group M, n=14). Result: Baseline characteristics such as age, sex, etc. did not show significant difference in each group. Compared with other groups, Group P showed significantly higher rate of R or rS pattern in lead I (Group P: 100%, Group A: 11%, Group M:36%, p&lt;0.0001). Existence of r-wave (&gt;0.1mV) in V1 was recognized more frequently in Group P than Group A and Group M (89%, 33%, 50%, respectively, p&lt;0.05). Also, the ratio of V1/V2 Q-wave amplitude was significantly higher in Group P (0.75, 0.51, 0.58, p&lt;0.01). We could predict the site of origin was posteroseptal RVOT if the 12-lead ECG met those 3 criteria of R or rS pattern in lead I, existence of r-wave (&gt;0.1mV) in V1, and ratio of V1/V2 &gt; 0.6 (sensitivity 89%, specificity 100%). Conclusion: In this study, we could predict the posteroseptal RVOT origin among septal RVOT-VAs if the 12-lead ECG satisfied these 3 criteria ( Figure ).
Families at risk for father-daughter incest
Authors: Judith Herman, Lisa Hirschman
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1981)

Forty women who had had incestuous relationships with their fathers during childhood were compared with 20 women whose fathers had been seductive but not overtly incestuous. More of the women who had experienced overt incest reported that their fathers had been violent and that their mothers had been chronically ill, disabled, or battered. Untreated depression, alcoholism, or psychosis or repeated involuntary childbearing were most commonly cited as causes of impaired maternal functioning. Women who had experienced overt incest had a higher rate of running away, suicide attempts, and pregnancy during adolescence than the comparison group. The authors suggest that clinicians be alert to the possibility of incest in families which contain a violent father, a disabled mother, or an "acting-out" adolescent girl.
Abstract 1875: L-type Calcium Channel C-terminus Suppresses L-type Calcium Channel Transcription in Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Elizabeth A Schroder, Miranda J Byse, Jonathan Satin
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Calcium homeostasis is critical for cardiac myocyte function and must be tightly regulated. In this study we test the hypothesis that a mobile carboxyl-terminal cleavage product (CCt) of the cardiac L-type calcium channel (Ca V 1.2) auto-regulates expression. Our ongoing in vivo studies showed that persistent Ca V 1.2 block induced an up-regulation of Ca V 1.2 mRNA, protein and I Ca,L . In the present study we test the hypothesis that CCt contributes to transcriptional signaling associated with cellular hypertrophy. We created eGFP-CCt fusion constructs to explore CCt regulation of the Ca V 1.2 promoter, and to report sub-cellular localization of CCt in cardiac myocytes. Developing cardiac myocytes were cultured in 10% FBS. Over-expression of native, full-length CCt causes a 34 ± 8% decrease of Ca V 1.2 promoter activity, and truncated CCt caused 80 ± 3% decrease (n = 12). Wild-type CCt distributes into cytosol and nucleus, with a greater presence in the nucleus than cytosol. A deletion mutant of CCt was also tested. Truncated CCt has a greater relative affinity for the nucleus than wild-type CCt. This is consistent with increased suppression of Ca V 1.2 promoter activity by truncated CCt. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay showed that CCt interacts with the Ca V 1.2 promoter in adult ventricular cardiac myocytes at promoter modules containing NKX2.5/MEF2, C/EBp, and a cis regulatory module identified in silico . We next explored whether fetal cardiac myocyte Ca V 1.2 was regulated by serum in vitro . We tested ANF promoter activity as a positive control, and measured serum-response, versus serum-withdrawal on Ca V 1.2 promoter, mRNA, protein, and L-type current (I Ca,L ) from fetal mouse ventricular myocytes. Serum increased ANF promoter activity and cell size. Serum withdrawal increased Ca V 1.2 promoter activity, Ca V 1.2 protein, and I Ca,L . Moreover, serum withdrawal decreased the relative nuclear localization of CCt. A combination of promoter deletion mutant analysis, and the response of promoter mutants to serum withdrawal support the conclusion that CCt, a proteolytic fragment of Ca V 1.2 auto-regulates Ca V 1.2 expression in cardiac myocytes. These data support the novel mechanism that a mobile segment of Ca V 1.2 links Ca handling to nuclear signaling.
Contrasting models for combined medical and psychiatric inpatient treatment
Authors: Fogel Bs, Stoudemire A, Houpt Jl
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1985)

The authors contrast the clinical, administrative, and reimbursement aspects of two units offering combined medical and psychiatric inpatient treatment, one under medical auspices (the medical/psychiatric model), the other under psychiatric auspices (the psychiatric/medical model). The typical patient on both units suffered from depression with prominent somatic symptoms. The psychiatric/medical model was clinically advantageous because of its greater capacity for containing agitated, psychotic, and suicidal behavior and because of its potentially longer lengths of stay for refractory patients. Furthermore, the psychiatric/medical model offers more predictable payment for psychotherapy under fee-for-service insurance and is less likely to be adversely affected by the current prospective payment system based on diagnosis-related groups.
Health-Related Quality of Life After Transcatheter or Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement in High-Risk Patients With Severe Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Matthew R. Reynolds, Elizabeth A. Magnuson, Kaijun Wang, Vinod H. Thourani, Mathew Williams, Alan Zajarias, Charanjit S. Rihal, David L. Brown, Craig R. Smith, Martin B. Leon, David J. Cohen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Abstract 3775: Cardiomyocyte-Specific Deletion of Inhibitor of Kappa-B Kinase-{beta} (IKK{beta}) In Vivo Reveals Essential Role in Calcium Handling
Authors: Noboru Ashida, Matthew Coggins, Jianru Shi, Bo Wang, Federica del Monte, Ronglih Liao, Anthony Rosenzweig
Journal: Circulation (2008)
Abstract 3365: MRI Delayed Enhancement Identifies Cardiac Fibrosis after Myocardial Infarction at the Cellular Level in <i>ex vivo</i> Rat Heart
Authors: Erik B Schelbert, Bibhu D Mohanty, Stasia A Anderson, Li-Yueh Hsu, Syed M Karim, Anthony H Aletras, Peter Kellman, Andrew E Arai
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Delayed enhancement MRI imaging detects chronic myocardial infarction (MI) but some have questioned the accuracy of “non-specific extracellular contrast agents.” Using a resolution 1000 fold higher than previous validation studies we investigated whether MRI could detect fibrosis from chronic MI at an image resolution approaching the size of a cardiomyocyte. Methods and Results: Eight week old Sprague Dawley rats underwent coronary ligation to create myocardial infarction; 2 months later rats were given gadolinium-DTPA (0.3 mmol/kg) intravenous and were euthanized 10 minutes later. Myocardial delayed enhancement MRI images were acquired ex vivo at 7 Tesla with a 3D gradient echo sequence using voxel dimensions of 50 micron = to identify areas of fibrosis. Histologic sections of rat myocardium 50 microns apart were stained with Masson’s trichrome and digitally photographed. Using computerized planimetry, MRI correlated well with regions of fibrosis as determined by histological specimens stained with Masson’s trichrome (y = 0.99x − 0.007; R 2 = 0.99; p&lt;0.0001). From a perspective of image resolution, MR images routinely detected clefts of viable cardiomyocytes 2– 4 cells thick that separated bands of fibrous tissue. Conclusions: Using MR microscopy at 7T, ex vivo delayed enhancement images were obtained with a spatial resolution roughly equivalent to three cardiomyocytes. Gadolinium-DTPA accurately identified cardiac fibrosis following myocardial infarction. These data provide important validation of the delayed enhancement technique for detection of post myocardial infarction fibrosis at an unprecedented level of detail.6
Allocating census data to general practice populations
Authors: P. Aveyard
Journal: BMJ (1995)

EDrrOR,-Munro Peacock and colleagues' dis- cussion of the three published sets of data on twins apparendy ignores the increasing number of studies that have confirmed the association between vitamin D receptor genotype and bone mineral density.'-3Although the intraclass correlation in dizygotic twin pairs concordant for vitamin D receptor genotype was consistently higher than that ob- served in the dizygotic twin pairs that were discordant for the genotype, none of these differ- ences reached significance.Intraclass correlation, however, is a measure of similarity, not of magni- tude or direction of effect.Our conclusion of association (not linkage) between vitamin D receptor genotypes and bone mineral density was based not on the analysis of differences between intraclass correlations but on the analysis of covariance of all dizygotic twins irrespective of zygosity.In this model we adjusted bone mineral density for potential confounders (that is, use and
ECT and memory loss
Authors: L R Squire
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1977)

The author reviews several studies that clarify the nature of the memory loss associated with ECT. Bilateral ECT produced greater anterograde memory loss than right unilateral ECT and more extensive retrograde amnesia than unilateral ECT. Reactivating memories just before ECT did not produce amnesia. Capacity for new learning recovered substantially by several months after ECT, but memory complaints were common in individuals who had received bilateral ECT. Other things being equal, right unilateral ECT seems preferable to bilateral ECT because the risks to memory associated with unilateral ECT are smaller.
Extrahepatic Bile Duct Carcinoma: Mucin 4, a Poor Prognostic Factor
Authors: Michiyo Higashi, Shugo Tamada, Kohji Nagata, Masamichi Goto, Suguru Yonezawa
Journal: Liver Cancer (2009)

Malignant tumors of the extrahepatic bile ducts are relatively rare, although they are one of the most common causes of extrahepatic bile duct obstruction. Most tumors of extrahepatic bile ducts are car cinomas, and they can develop at any level of bile duct tree. Extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma (EHBDC) is difficult to treat because most patients with this car cinoma are not surgically resectable at the time of diagnosis despite its small size. A gradual improvement with better prog nosis has been obtained with a combined modality approach consisting of surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy, but survival rate is still low. A complete surgi cal resection offers the only possibility of cure; however, many patients treated with curative resection have a poor outcome. Our previous immunohistochemical stud ies of EHBDC showed that MUC4 mucin expression is a new independent factor for poor prognosis and predicts the outcome of patients with EHBDC (Tamada et al., 2006), in addition to MUC1 mucin expres sion (Tamada et al., 2002).
Abstract 3889: Persistent Cardioprotection by Regular Ethanol Consumption After Abstention Depends on eNOS but not iNOS Activity After Reperfusion
Authors: Kazuhiro Kaneda, Masami Miyamae, Shingo Sugioka, Chika Okusa, Yoshitaka Inamura, Anna Onishi, Naochika Domae, Vincent M Figueredo, Junichiro Kotani
Journal: Circulation (2008)

We previously found regular ethanol consumption induces cardioprotection against ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury with persistent protection after abstention. The mechanism of this continued protection remains unclear. We now determine how long ethanol cardioprotection persists after abstention and whether inducible and/or endothelial nitric oxide synthase (iNOS and eNOS) play a role in this continued cardioprotection. Isolated perfused hearts from control (CTL) and ethanol-treated (ETOH) guinea pigs were subjected to 30 min global ischemia and 120 min reperfusion. ETOH received 5% ethanol in their drinking water for 8 weeks. I-R was performed on ETOH hearts at 0, 4, 7 and 14 days after abstention. To determine whether iNOS and eNOS play a role in this persistent cardioprotection, a NOS inhibitor, L-NAME (100μM) was given before ischemia or during reperfusion. Contractile recovery was monitored by left ventricular developed (LVDP) and end-diastolic (LVEDP) pressures. Infarct size (IS) was determined by triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. Myocardial iNOS and eNOS were determined by Western blot and immunohistochemically. After I-R, ETOH at 0, 4 and 7, but not 14 days abstention, had significantly higher LVDP (62±5, 64±5, 54±4, 34±3 vs . 26±3 mmHg, respectively), and lower LVEDP (17±6, 21±3, 30±6, 43±1 vs. 59±5 mmHg, respectively) compared to CTL. IS was significantly reduced in ETOH at 0, 4 and 7, but not 14 days abstention, compared to CTL (24±3, 24±2, 30±3, 37±2 vs. 47±3%, respectively). L-NAME given during reperfusion, but not before ischemia, abolished cardioprotection at 0 and 7 days abstention ( IS: 42±3, 45±3%, N.S. vs. CTL, respectively). Western blot analysis demonstrated upregulation of eNOS expression up to 7 days, but not 14 days abstention. Expression of iNOS was reduced at 0 day. eNOS immunoreactivity was greater at 0, 4 and 7 days and iNOS at 14 days, compared to CTL. Chronic cardioprotection against I-R by regular ethanol consumption persists for at least 7 days after abstention. Increased eNOS activity after reperfusion plays a role in this persistent cardioprotection.