tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Infectious Complications in Children with ALL Treated with ALL-IC-2009 Protocol: Multicenter National Study of Polish Society of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology
Authors: Malgorzata Salamonowicz, Lukasz Hutnik, Michal Matysiak, Joanna Rogulska, Edyta Podsiadly, Urszula Demkow, Zofia Malas, Wanda Badowska, Olga Zajac-Spychala, Jacek Wachowiak, Filip Pierlejewski, Wojciech Mlynarski, Renata Tomaszewska, Tomasz Szczepanski, Tomasz Ociepa, Tomasz Urasinski, Krzysztof Czyzewski, Mariusz Wysocki, Agnieszka Urbanek-Dadela, Grazyna Karolczyk, Zuzanna Gamrot, Maria Wieczorek, Marcin Plonowski, Maryna Krawczuk-Rybak, Weronika Stolpa, Grazyna Sobol-Milejska, Ninela Irga-Jaworska, Elzbieta Drozynska, Liliana Chelmecka-Hanusiewicz, Walentyna Balwierz, Ewa Gorczynska, Krzysztof Kalwak, Jerzy Kowalczyk, Jan Styczynski
Journal: Blood (2014)
Survival prediction and frequency of anticancer treatment (ACT) near the end of life in patients hospitalized due to acute conditions (AC)
Authors: G. Numico, M. Occelli, E. Fea, C. Granetto, G. Di Costanzo, I. Colantonio, M. Gasco, O. Garrone, V. Polla, M. Merlano
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e20558 Background: Recent literature suggests that ACT near the end of life is increasingly common. Although the reason is complex, we hypothesize that AC impair the formulation of prognosis. The PaP score was shown to predict 1-month survival for terminally ill pts. Its application to pts with AC is object of debate. We evaluated the frequency of ACT near the end of life and assessed the value of PaP score and of other clinical parameters in predicting survival in pts with AC. Methods: All pts admitted due to AC in a Department of Medical Oncology in a 9-month period were included. Pts and disease features (site of primary, stage of disease, disease control), previous and current ACT, cause of admission (diagnosis without a previous history of cancer; treatment-related toxicity; cancer- related symptoms) were assessed. The PaP score was calculated using physicians’ survival prediction, Performance Status (PS), anorexia and dyspnea, total WBC and lymphocyte percentage. Results: 208 pts were evaluated: local disease 24%, advanced 76%; ACT 60%, off-treatment 40%; disease controlled 9%, non controlled 91%; cause of admission: diagnosis 19%, toxicity 17%; symptoms 64%. PaP score: group A 78%, B 18%, C 4%. Overall, median survival was 19 weeks (95% I.C. 13,3 to 24,6) and 12-week survival was 59,6%. Of the pts admitted during ACT 11% died within 4 weeks and 32% within 12 weeks. Among the 39 pts died within 4 weeks, 33% were on ACT. Cause of admission, disease control, treatment, and PaP score predicted 12-week survival in the multivariate analysis. However, only PS &lt; 30, and PaP group B and C identified pts with a 12-week survival lower than 30%. Conclusions: ACT in the last period of life is common. During AC only a minority of pts has such a dismal prognosis that treatment withdrawal is justified. The potential reversibility of AC renders prognostic measures inadequate to make treatment decisions. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Use of an alternative preclinical regimen of capecitabine (C) to enhance single agent and combination activity in a colorectal cancer xenograft model
Authors: K. D. Kolinsky, J. Chen, Y. Zhang, M. Andria, U. Dugan, D. Heimbrook, K. Packman, B. Higgins
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

15063 Background: Murine xenograft models have shown that maximum benefit of C therapy occurs after approximately 7 days (d) of treatment and doses beyond 7 d contribute to toxicity but not antitumor benefit. Thus, a 7 d on/7 d off 21 d regimen (7/7) vs a traditional 14 d on/7 d off 21 d regimen (14/7) with or without combination therapies may result in a higher dose density of C and greater efficacy. Methods: We evaluated the antitumor activity of C (7/7) and C (14/7) alone or with bevacizumab (B); oxaliplatin (OX) ± B, and irinotecan (Iri) ± B in female nude mice bearing HT29 colorectal xenografts. Results: Tumor growth inhibition (TGI) and increased life span (ILS) of the groups are compared to control groups (Table). C 7/7 regimen showed significantly better TGI and ILS than C 14/7 at (P<.05). There is a trend of improved TGI and ILS in all C 7/7 doublets and triplets vs their C 14/7 comparator groups. Conclusions: In our model, the C 7/7 regimen permits greater dose density compared with the 14/7 regimen and helps improve TGI and ILS alone and in combination. Results are supportive of clinical testing of dose dense C with combination agents for colorectal cancer. C 14/7, 7/7 MTD = 400, 700 mg/kg; B = 10 mg/kg 2×/wk × 3; OX MTD = 10 mg/kg qwk × 3; Iri MTD = 60 mg/kg q4d × 5. Groups (MTD unless otherwise indicated) TGI partial, complete regressions P value ILS P value C 7/7 2/3 MTD (2/3) 77% 0, 0 <.05 44% <.05 C 7/7 92% 2, 0 <.05 94% <.05 C 14/7 (2/3) 10% 0, 0 <.05 6% .03 C 14/7 58% 0, 0 <.05 31% <.05 B 69% 0, 0 <.05 ND OX 18% 0, 0 .43 ND OX (2/3) ND ND Iri 84% 2, 0 <.05 ND Iri (2/3) 56% 0, 0 <.05 ND C 14/7 (2/3) +B 92% 1, 0 <.05 72% <.05 C 14/7 +B 99% 4, 0 <.05 94% <.05 C 7/7 (2/3) +B 98% 5, 0 <.05 113% <.05 C 7/7 + B >100% 8, 0 <.05 131% <.05 C 14/7 (2/3) + (2/3) OX 14% 0, 0 <.05 16% .282 C 7/7 (2/3) + (2/3) OX 95% 1, 0 <.05 81% <.05 C 14/7 (2/3) + (2/3) OX + B >100% 7, 0 <.05 103% <.05 C 7/7 (2/3) + (2/3) OX +B >100% 10, 0 <.05 234% <.05 C 14/7 (2/3) + (2/3) Iri 70% 0, 0 <.05 TBD C 7/7 (2/3) + (2/3) Iri >100% 8, 0 <.05 TBD C 14/7 (2/3) + (2/3) Iri + B 98% 5, 0 <.05 TBD C 7/7 (2/3) + (2/3) Iri +B >100% 5, 5 <.05 TBD Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Hoffman-La Roche
Abstract 15323: Hypoxia Upregulates NADPH Oxidase 4 by a HIF-Independent Mechanism in Endothelial Cells
Authors: Coy Brunssen, Alexander Arsov, Claudia Eickholt, Anja Leuner, Heike Langbein, Melanie Brux, Claudia Goettsch, Winfried Goettsch, Antje Augstein, David M Poitz, Ruth H Strasser, Georg Breier, Henning Morawietz
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Endothelial dysfunction and reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in hypoxia-induced vascular disorders. One of the most important sources of ROS in the vasculature is NADPH oxidase ...
Abstract P21: Free Radicals Mediate Post-shock Contractile Impairment in Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Min S Tsai, Shijie Sun, Giuseppe Ristagno, Carlos Castillo, Max H Weil, Wanchun Tang
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background Previous studies demonstrated myocardial dysfunction after electrical shock and indicated that it may be related to the generation of free radicals. Whether the free radicals are generated after electrical shock has not been documented at the cellular level and its effect on post-shock contractile function has not been clarified. Hypothesis : Electrical shock generates intracellular free radicals inside cardiomyocytes. Reducing intracellular free radicals by pre-treatment of ascorbic acid (AA) would reduce the contractile dysfunction following electrical shock. Methods : Cardiomyocytes isolated from adult male rats were divided into 4 groups, (1) electrical shock alone, (2) electrical shock pre-treated with AA, (3) pre-treated with AA alone and (4) control. AA was administered in an amount of 0.2 mM into the perfusate of the AA + electrical shock and AA groups. Electrical shock of 2 J was delivered in the electrical shock and AA+ electrical shock groups. Results : DCFH-DA loaded cardiomyocytes showed increased intracellular free radicals after electrical shock. The length shortening and Ca 2+ transients were recorded optically with fura-2 loading. Within 4 minutes following electrical shock in the electrical shock group, the length shortening decreased from 8.4±2.5% to 5.6±3.4% ( P =0.000) and the Ca 2+ transient decreased from 1.15±0.13 au to 1.08±0.1 au ( P =0.038). Compared with control, a significant difference in length shortening ( P =0.001) and Ca 2+ transient ( P =0.052) was observed. In the presence of AA, electrical shock did not affect length shortening and Ca 2+ transient. Conclusion: Electrical shock generates intracellular free radicals inside the cardiomyocyte. This is associated with contractile impairment and decrease of Ca 2+ transient. Administering AA may decrease such damage by eliminating free radicals.
Selections from the Works of Ambroise Paré. With Short Biography and Explanatory and Bibliographical Notes.
Authors: Ambroise Paré, Dorothea Waley Singer
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 14927: Long-term Prognosis Of First Myocardial Infarction According To The Electrocardiographic Pattern (st Elevation Myocardial Infarction, Non-st Elevation Myocardial Infarction And Non-classified Myocardial Infarction) And Revascularization Procedures
Authors: Cosme Garcia-Garcia, Isaac Subirana, Joan Sala, Jordi Bruguera, Gines Sanz, Vicente Valle, Fernando Aros, Miquel Fiol, Lluis Molina, Jordi Serra, Jaume Marrugat, Roberto Elosua
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Aim: To describe the differences in the characteristics and short- and long-term prognosis of first acute myocardial infarction (MI) patients according to the presence of ST elevation (STEMI) or no...
HELMETS FOR PEDAL CYCLISTS: THEY REDUCE THE NUMBERS OF HEAD INJURIES
Authors: H R Trippe
Journal: BMJ (1992)

This article reviews the evidence for the benefits of the use of helmets by pedal cyclists. Disagreement still exists about the degree to which more widespread wearing of helmets would improve cycle safety, and the conclusions reached by recent research are summarized briefly. Helmets are not designed to provide protection against injuries caused by an accident involving another vehicle. They do not protect the head in a direct impact at high speed. In less serious accidents most reports are more optimistic, with most providing evidence of the benefits of wearing a helmet. Advice is provided on how to persuade more people to wear helmets. Successful initiatives so far have been television programmes, and competitions featuring cycle safety or offering helmets as prizes. Special mention is made to what doctors in Britain can do to encourage more children to wear helmets. School cycle safety campaigns and low cost helmet schemes have already been established in many parts of the country and health authorities have cooperated successfully with road safety units, education authorities, schools and voluntary and commercial organisations to get these schemes going.
Abstract 9277: Assessment of Coronary Flow Reserve for the Prediction of Long-Term Outcome in Patients with Non-Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease; Transthoracic Doppler Echocardiographic Study
Authors: Koki Nakanishi, Shota Fukuda, Kenei Shimada, Chinami Miyazaki, Kenichiro Otsuka, Haruyuki Taguchi, Takeshi Muro, Takahiko Kawarabayashi, Junichi Yoshikawa, Minoru Yoshiyama
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction . Coronary flow reserve (CFR) is dependent on microvascular blood flow which reflects the combined effects of the epicardial coronary stenosis and microvascular dysfunction. Various coronary risk factors cause impaired CFR, even in the absence of obstructive coronary artery narrowing. However, its prognostic importance for long-term outcome has not been fully discussed. Methods . 272 patients (181 men, mean age 68 ± 12 years) with known or suspected coronary artery disease underwent transthoracic Doppler echocardiographic examination for the assessment of CFR in left anterior descending (LAD) artery. Angiolography revealed non-obstructive narrowing of LAD (&lt;70%) in these patients. The cardiovascular events included cardiac death, myocardial infarction, unstable angina pectoris, and congestive heart failure. Results . During a mean follow-up of 4.0 ± 1.9 years, cardiovascular events occurred in 32 patients, including cardiac death (n = 5), myocardial infarction (n = 6) and unstable angina (n = 9), congestive heart failure (n = 12). Multivariate analysis identified hemoglobin (p = 0.02), left ventricular mass index (p = 0.02), C-reactive protein (p = 0.01), and CFR (p &lt;0.001) as significant and independent predictors of cardiovascular events. The ROC curve provided CFR &lt;2.3 as the best cut-off value predicting late cardiovascular events (sensitivity was 0.82 and specificity was 0.69). No cardiovascular events occurred in patients with CFR ≥4.0. Conclusions. We demonstrated that the measurement of CFR provided independent prognostic information in patients without obstructive narrowing of LAD. Close follow-up and strict control of coronary risk factors may be required in patients with CFR &lt;2.3, even without obstructive narrowing of coronary arteries.
Study aims to set up national database of children receiving ventilatory support
Authors: E Jardine, C Wallis
Journal: BMJ (1996)

EDITOR,—Arranging for children who are dependent on technology to be treated at home is often fraught with difficulties before and after discharge. The decision taken by R H Davies's team to transfer the care of a girl who was dependent on a ventilator from an adult intensive care unit to her own home was one that required a great deal of insight and planning.1 In …
Fortnightly review: Diagnosing and managing genitourinary prolapse
Authors: S. Jackson, P. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Genitourinary prolapse occurs when faults develop in the mechanisms for vaginal and uterine support (fig 1).An understanding of these mechanisms and systematic repair of these faults will restore normal structure and function.Treatment of prolapse comprises about 20% of gynaecological surgical workload, 1 and with an aging, yet more active, population this contribution will increase.Cystourethrocele is seen most commonly, followed by uterine descent and rectocele.After a hysterectomy the vagina may be susceptible to prolapse owing to loss of support of the vaginal vault. MethodsWe conducted a Medline search from January 1966 to July 1996 and identified 8802 references to the term prolapse; these were reduced to 544 when we used the additional terms vagina, surgery, genitourinary, conservative, pessary, randomised, and outcome.We identified further references by hand searching relevant textbooks in the library of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists.We did not find any prospective trials comparing the effect of different treatments on outcome measures for prolapse.Observational studies have been published examining the pathophysiology and anatomy of prolapse, and these have stimulated interest in this subject.
Abstract 10044: Hyperphosphatemia Causes Endothelial Dysfunction by Inhibiting Akt-Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Pathway in Chronic Kidney Disease Rats
Authors: Yutaka Taketani, Tan Vu Van, Eriko Watari, Tomoyo Kitamura, Abuli Maerjianghan, Terumi Tanaka, Hironori Yamamoto, Eiji Takeda
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Hyperphosphatemia is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease in the chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Recent reports suggest that elevation of extracellular phosphate (P) level c...
Phase 3 Study: Canfosfamide (C, TLK286) plus carboplatin (P) vs liposomal doxorubicin (D) as 2nd line therapy of platinum (P) resistant ovarian cancer (OC)
Authors: P. Rose, R. Edwards, N. Finkler, M. Seiden, L. Duska, C. Krasner, F. Cappuccini, T. Kolevska, E. Brand, G. Brown, C. Runowicz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

LBA5529 Background: Canfosfamide (C) is a novel glutathione analog prodrug activated by glutathione S-transferase P1–1. C has single agent activity in P resistant OC and is synergistic with P. Methods: Pts with P resistant OC following ≤ 2 P regimens, measurable disease (RECIST) were eligible. Pts received C (750 mg/m 2 ) and P (AUC 5) or D (50 mg/m 2 ) IV q4wks until progression. Randomization was stratified by ECOG PS, best prior P response and bulky disease (≥ 5cm). Results: All 247 P refractory or resistant pts received 505/494 cycles median 3 (range 1–17), CP/D respectively. Most common toxicities for CP were hematologic and as expected for each drug alone. By independent radiologic review (IRR), 25% of pts discontinued treatment without documented progression. Overall ORR varied between clinician and IRR assessments. Overall median PFS was 3.5 mos for both CP and D. Overall median survival (MS) has not been reached. Planned analysis of the effect of time from last P dose to study treatment (TFP; not from time of recurrence) identified a P resistant subgroup for TFP ≥ 6 mos (med 7.1) [ Table ]. Subgroup ORR for CP was 31.6% vs 10.5% for D. Subgroup median PFS for CP has not been reached vs 3.5 mos for D (p=0.0099). Subgroup MS for CP has not been reached vs 11.1 mos for D(p=0.0014). Subgroup CP had superior QOL outcomes per FACIT-FACT-O. Conclusions: Primary endpoint of overall PFS was comparable. Subgroup TFP ≥ 6 mos reported large differences in ORR and QOL and statistical significance in PFS and survival for CP. OC trials with C in combination with other standard agents are in progress. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]
Epidermal growth factor-receptor mutations and the clinical outcome in male smokers with squamous cell carcinoma of lung
Authors: J. Hong, Y. Kim, S. Park, E. Cho, D. Shin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

22136 Background: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have been reported to be related to certain clinical characteristics (i.e., female, non-smokers with adenocarcinoma) and gefitinib responsiveness. This exploratory analysis was performed within a prospective phase II study to determine the clinical outcome and the incidence of EGFR mutations in male smokers with squamous cell carcinoma, who were treated with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib. Methods: We analyzed the incidence of EGFR mutations in NSCLC specimens from 69 Korean patients who were treated with gefitinib in a prospective study. For a subset of 20 male patients with squamous cell carcinoma and a history of smoking, pretreatment tumor tissue samples were obtained and analyzed for EGFR mutations (exons 18 to 21). Results: EGFR mutations were found in 3 (15%) out of 20 patients, including in-frame deletions within exon 19 (n=2) and L858R missence mutation in exon 21 (n=1). The 3 patients with EGFR mutations responded to EGFR tki therapy, whereas only one of remaining 17 patients with wild-type EGFR achieved clinical response. Trends toward longer progression-free survival (5.8 vs. 2.4 months; P=0.07) and overall survival (9.6 vs. 7.2 months; P=0.76) were noted in patients with EGFR mutations compared to those with wild-type EGFR, respectively. Conclusions: Although male smokers with squamous cell carcinoma have not been considered ideal candidates for treatment with gefitinib, significant incidence of EGFR mutations was observed. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Metastatic Prostate Carcinoma Presenting as a Superscan on 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT
Authors: Ismaheel Lawal, Mariza Vorster, Tebatso Boshomane, Kehinde Ololade, Thomas Ebenhan, Mike Sathekge
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

We describe the finding of a metastatic superscan detected by Ga-PSMA PET/CT imaging. A 63-year-old man with metastatic prostate carcinoma underwent Ga-PSMA PET/CT imaging for staging and evaluation of the most appropriate therapeutic option. Images demonstrated diffuse and extensive skeletal uptake in the axial and appendicular skeleton, corresponding to the typical red marrow distribution. Intense soft tissue uptake was also seen in the prostate and multiple pelvic and abdominal lymph nodes.
Abstract 5845: Are Aortic Bioprostheses an Increasingly Good Option in Selected Patients Below the Age of 65?
Authors: Serban Stoica, Kimberley Goldsmith, Nikolaos Demiris, Prakash Punjabi, Alan Faichney, Geoffrey Berg, Linda Sharples, Stephen Large
Journal: Circulation (2008)

To characterize contemporary long-term results of AVR as a function of type of prosthesis and subsequent competing risks. 5470 consecutive patients had AVR ± CABG at 3 centers between 1993–2006. Microsimulation survival models were developed combining perioperative mortality estimates from multivariable modeling of individual patient data, UK survival and random effects meta-analyses of valve-related events. Outputs were predicted and event-free life expectancy, and lifetime event rates according to patient characteristics of age, sex, creatinine, valve type, and concomitant CABG. In multivariable analysis long-term survival was significantly influenced by age (hazard ratio, HR, 1.52 per 10-year increment), male sex (HR 1.20), bioprosthesis (HR 1.25) and pre-operative creatinine, but not by concomitant CABG. Recipients of bioprostheses had longer average life expectancy for implant ages from 59 onwards in both men (see figure ) and women. The improvement in event-free survival for mechanical prostheses was greater at younger ages (3.4 years for implant age 50) and extended to implant age 65. Concomitant CABG increased operative mortality but conferred only slightly shorter life expectancy and event-free life expectancy than for those having AVR alone. Creatinine also had only a small absolute effect on outcomes. Structural bioprosthetic valve degeneration was the most common long-term complication. Predictions from simulation models were in excellent agreement with UK Heart Valve Registry survival data. Aortic bioprostheses could be implanted in many UK patients aged 59–65 without significant long-term hazards.