tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract MP65: Trends from Cumulative Social Risks and Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy among Pregnant Women from 2016 to 2021
Authors: Faith Elise Metlock, Ketum Ateh Stanislas, Thomas Hinneh, Garima Sharma, American conference
Journal: Circulation (2025)

Introduction: Previous research has shown associations between individual social risks and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), but less is known about the cumulative effect of multiple social risks. This study examines the association between cumulative social risks (CSR) and the risk of HDP among pregnant women using data from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional analysis of pregnant women hospitalized between 2016 and 2021 was conducted using the NIS. HDP were modeled as a binary variable, identified using ICD-10 codes. The main exposure, CSR, was derived by summing social risk factors: median zip code income (≤50th percentile vs. &gt;50th percentile), rurality (urban vs. rural), region of hospital (South, Midwest vs. Northeast, West), insurance type (government insurance vs. commercial/private insurance), patient residence location (urban vs. rural), and race (minority race vs. White). Univariate analyses were performed to examine the association between each social risk factor and HDP. Survey weighted multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess associations between HDP across different levels of CSR, adjusting for age and patient location. An interaction term and predicted margins were used to assess if the association of CSR and HDP changed over the study period. Results: Among 4,482,956 pregnant women (mean age: 29 5 ± 9), those in the 0-25th income percentile had 29% higher odds of HDP (OR=1.29, 95% CI: 1.27-1.32) compared to those in the ≥76th percentile. Rural women had 20% lower odds (OR=0.80, 95% CI: 0.78-0.81) compared to urban women. Black women had 56% higher odds of HDP (OR=1.56, 95% CI: 1.54-1.58) compared to White women, while Hispanic women had lower odds (OR=0.83, 95% CI: 0.81-0.84). In multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for age and calendar year, women with 4 or more cumulative social risks had significantly higher odds of HDP (OR=1.39, 95% CI: 1.31-1.48) compared to those with no risks. Predicted probabilities increased across social risk levels over the study period, with women at the highest risk showing a 20.05% probability of HDP in 2021 (95% CI: 19.51%-21.44%). Conclusion: Cumulative social risks have a progressively stronger impact on HDP over time, suggesting that worsening social inequities are exacerbating maternal health disparities. Targeted interventions addressing social risks are critical to mitigating HDP risk, especially among underserved populations.
Abstract P1054: Associations between household economic stability and childhood behavioral cardiovascular health: the Young Hearts Study
Authors: Lucia Petito, Rachel Zmora, Yaojie Wang, Aashima Chopra, Darci Phillips, Amy Yu, Amanda Perak, Donald Lloyd-Jones, Sarah de Ferranti, Holly Gooding, Stephen Daniels, Darwin Labarthe, Marc Rosenman, Rashmi Narayan, Mark Pletcher, Francis Alenghat, Cheryl Lefaiver, Rupali Gandhi, Amanda Luff, Huma Khan, Brad Appelhans, Karen Lui, Rachel Caskey, Ileah Spain Rios, Matthew Davis, Norrina Allen
Journal: Circulation (2025)

Background: Household economic stability may alleviate life stressors, allowing children to develop healthy behaviors which in turn will delay the decline of cardiovascular health (CVH) in the life course. Here, we aimed to quantify the associations between household economic stability and behavioral CVH in childhood. Methods: Analyses used data from participants ages 0-18y in the Young Hearts study, an ongoing Chicago-based cohort. Guardians completed surveys on household economic stability and CVH behaviors. Household economic stability encompassed self-reported food security, perceived financial stability (based on difficulty paying for food, heating, or medical care), and having ≥6 months of savings. We calculated behavioral CVH scores by averaging scores on the behavioral components of the AHA Life’s Essential 8 (diet, physical activity, nicotine exposure, and sleep) and body mass index (BMI) score; component scores were 0-100 points each, with higher implying better CVH. Linear regression estimated associations between household economic stability and CVH adjusting for child age, sex, race, ethnicity, insurance, and household income. Results: Of 6,892 included children and adolescents, 47.6% were female, average age was 8.7 [SD 5.5] years, 46.0% were non-Hispanic White, 65.8% were food secure, 50.6% were financially stable, and 19.1% had ≥6 months of savings. Holding household income constant, food security, perceived financial stability, and ≥6 months of savings were associated with a 3.2 (95% CI 2.4, 4.0), 2.3 (1.5, 3.0), and 2.4 (1.7, 3.2) point higher behavioral CVH score, respectively. Additionally, BMI score was higher (more favorable) across all 3 metrics (food security 9.4 [7.1, 11.6]; financial security 10.7 [8.6, 12.8]; ≥6 months of savings 6.9 [4.9, 9.0] points). Conclusion: Household economic stability is associated with more ideal behavioral CVH and BMI in children and adolescents. Policies directed towards improving household financial stability could catalyze improvements in behavioral CVH habits that have long-term cascading impacts on lifetime CVH risk.
Abstract P2039: Disease Progression in patients with Chagas Disease treated with Benznidazole or Nifurtimox: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Do Kyung Ryuk, Seung Woo Ryuk, Tanawat Attachaipanich, Tanawin Nopsopon, James Maguire
Journal: Circulation (2025)

Introduction: Most studies evaluated the efficacy of treatment for chagas disease with the reduction of parasite detection as a primary outcome. However, little is known about the mortality rate associated with benznidazole or nifurtimox in chagas disease patients. Thus, we aimed to investigate all-cause mortality and cardiovascular-related mortality among chagas disease patients treated with benznidazole or nifurtimox. Method: Systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted including randomized control trial studies and cohort studies in patients who received benznidazole or nifurtimox for chagas disease treatment, using online databases including PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, LILAC, and sciELO up to May 1, 2024. The primary outcomes were all-cause mortality or cardiovascular-related mortality. Studies focused on patients with HIV-coinfection were excluded. Result: We included 15 studies involving 3837 patients, with 14 studies on benznidazole (n=3552) and 3 studies (n=285) on nifurtimox. Overall, all-cause mortality over follow-up was 1.96% [95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.58-3.93], and 2.21% [95% CI: 0.45-4.89] for cardiovascular-related mortality. All-cause mortality was 1.04% [95% CI: 0.00-4.61] for the nifurtimox group and 2.07% [95% CI: 0.51-4.39] for the benznidazole group. Cardiovascular-related mortality was 3.03% [95% CI: 0.00-9.25] for the nifurtimox group and 2.10% [95% CI: 0.25-5.16] for the benznidazole group. Conclusion: This study is one of the first studies that conducted a meta-analysis to provide mortality outcomes in chagas disease patients. Our study estimated an increase in individuals of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular-related mortality over the study period. Further investigations are needed to understand mortality by phase of chagas disease, comorbidities, and cardiomyopathy-related signs to better understand the long-term effect of patients treated for chagas disease.
Abstract 033: Serum metabolite-based signatures of childhood cardiovascular risk factor burdens associate with subclinical cardiac structure in midlife: Findings from the Bogalusa Heart Study
Authors: Yang Pan, Xiang Li, Xiao Sun, Ruiyuan Zhang, Alexander Razavi, Camilo Fernández Alonso, Zhijie Huang, Changwei Li, Jiang He, Lydia Bazzano, Tanika Kelly
Journal: Circulation (2025)

Introduction: Childhood cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) are known to independently contribute to the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) later in life. However, childhood data is often unavailable when assessing adult risk. While CVRFs significantly impact the metabolome, metabolomic signatures of childhood CVRF burdens have not been identified. Hypothesis: This study aimed to identify metabolomics signatures reflecting cumulative childhood CVRF burden and assess their associations with subclinical cardiac structure in midlife. Methods: This study included 1,068 participants from the Bogalusa Heart Study (BHS) who underwent untargeted serum metabolomics profiling in midlife and had repeated childhood (aged 4-17 years) measures of clinical CVRFs, including BMI, systolic blood pressure (SBP), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TGs), and glucose. The cumulative childhood burden of CVRFs was estimated as the area under the curve (AUC). Elastic net regression was used to construct metabolomic signatures for each childhood CVRF AUC, with 80% of the data used for training and 20% for testing. Associations were examined between metabolomic signatures of childhood CVRF AUCs and midlife subclinical cardiac structure, including left ventricular (LV) mass index (LVMI), relative wall thickness (RWT), and left ventricular geometry (LVG). Results: Metabolomic signatures of AUCs for childhood BMI, SBP, LDL-C, TGs, and glucose consisted of 18, 2, 11, 20, and 40 metabolites, explaining 15%, 1%, 12%, 23% and 38% of the variance in the testing dataset, respectively (p&lt;0.001, except SBP AUC signature: p=0.038). Consistent with prior findings in the BHS, AUCs for childhood BMI, SBP, and TGs were associated with midlife LVMI, RWT and LVG, after adjusting for demographic and lifestyle risk factors (data not shown). Increases in the metabolomic signatures for childhood AUCs of BMI, SBP, and TGs were also significantly associated with elevated LVMI, RWT, and higher odds of LVG (all p&lt;0.001, Table ). Notably, most associations for childhood BMI AUC remained significant after adjusting for midlife clinical measures, including known mediators of childhood burden's effect on adult LV changes ( Table ). Conclusion: Metabolite-based signatures capture childhood CVRF burden and are associated with midlife changes in cardiac structure, independent of adult exposure. These signatures show potential as surrogates when childhood exposure data is unavailable.
Abstract P3149: Association of Bone Mineral Density with Progression and Incidence of Aortic Calcification: the ERA JUMP Study
Authors: Lauren Carlson, Mengyi Li, Jiatong Li, Joseph Leader, Jessica Bon, Daniel Edmundowicz, Kamal Masaki, Bradley Willcox, Todd Seto, Aya Kadota, Sayaka Kadowaki, Keiko Kondo, Katsuyuki Miura, Akira Fujiyoshi, Takashi Hisamatsu, Tomonori Okamura, Akira Sekikawa
Journal: Circulation (2025)

Decreased bone mineral density (BMD) is associated with atherosclerosis in postmenopausal women and older men. Limited research has explored this relationship in middle-aged men. Aortic calcification (AC) is a novel biomarker for aortic atherosclerosis. This study aimed to examine whether baseline BMD is associated with the progression of AC in an international multi-ethnic cohort of middle-aged men participating in the ERA-JUMP Study (The Electron-Beam Tomography Risk Factor Assessment Among Japanese and U.S. Men in the Post-World War II Birth Cohort). We hypothesized that higher BMD at baseline would be associated with less progression of AC. This analysis included participants who completed two visits an average of 5.69 years apart. Participants (mean age: 45.3 + 2.9) were recruited from population-based samples in the United States (Pennsylvania and Hawaii) and Japan (Shiga). All participants were free of clinical cardiovascular disease at baseline. BMD was measured via electron-beam tomography images of the T12 to L4 vertebrae. AC was evaluated from the aortic arch to the iliac bifurcation with computed tomography and scored via the Agatston Scoring Method. Incidence of AC was defined as an AC score &lt;100 at baseline and ≥ 100 at follow-up. Linear regression was employed to assess the association between baseline BMD and changes in AC (Visit 2 – Visit 1). Model 1 adjusted for follow-up time, age, and race/ethnicity. Model 2 was further adjusted for cardiovascular risk factors: hypertension, diabetes, LDL-C, HDL-C, and lipid medication. Model 3 additionally adjusted for BMI and smoking status. Logistic regression, with the same models, was used to assess the association between baseline BMD and incident AC at Visit 2. At baseline, the average BMD was 173.1 HU (+ 37.1), and the median AC score was 3.0. The median change in AC score was 39.76 (IQR: 0- 220.3). There were 159 incident cases of AC in the cohort. Baseline BMD was inversely associated with the change in AC in Models 1, 2 (p&lt;0.05) and Model 3 (p&lt;0.1). Similarly, baseline BMD was inversely associated with incident AC in Models 1, 2 (p&lt;0.05), and Model 3 (p=0.10). Our findings suggest that skeletal and cardiovascular health may be linked in middle-aged healthy men. Higher baseline BMD appears to be associated with reduced progression and lower incidence of AC. These results underscore the need for further longitudinal studies to confirm this relationship and explore its clinical implications.
Abstract 032: Genetic Drivers of Comorbid Heterogeneity in Obesity: Genome-Wide Association Analysis in Three Cohorts with 40 Years of Follow-up
Authors: Xingyan Wang, Jie Hu, Huan Yun, Zhendong Mei, Shilpa Bhupathiraju, Edward Giovannucci, Deirdre Tobias, Xuehong Zhang, Frank Hu, Liming Liang, Jun Li
Journal: Circulation (2025)

Background: Obesity, a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), is a complex trait with substantial heterogeneity in its etiology, comorbidity risk, and prevention strategies. Hypothesis: Individuals with early-onset obesity-related comorbidities ( vs. late-onset) carry different genetic risk loci for obesity with varied biological consequences. Methods: We examined longitudinal data from 43,567 participants in the Nurses’ Health Studies and Health Professionals Follow-Up Study, including biennial measurements of body mass index (BMI) and diagnosis of 14 obesity-related diseases such as CVD, during up to 40 years of follow-up. We estimated long-term BMI trajectory using functional principal component analysis. Genome-wide association studies were conducted for BMI trajectory in individuals with early-onset (first event &lt;60y old) and late-onset (first event &gt;70y old) obesity-related diseases (Fig. a), followed by transcriptome-wide studies (TWAS) and Mendelian Randomization (MR) analyses to explore genetic variants impact on gene expressions in 49 tissue types integrating GTEx data. Results: Individuals with early-onset obesity-related diseases reached their lifetime peak BMI, on average 8.5 years earlier than those with late disease onset (Fig. b). We identified 10 genetic loci for BMI trajectory (P &lt; 5e-8) in all participants. FTO was the only locus consistently identified for BMI trajectory regardless of the timing of first comorbidity, with a significant impact on its gene expression in skeletal muscle (Fig. c). Among individuals with early-onset comorbidities, TWAS further identified 10 loci for BMI trajectory, and MR confirmed their impact on tissue-specific expressions, including SULT1A1 in visceral adipose tissue, NPIPB7 in coronary artery and metabolic organs, and APOBR in subcutaneous adipose tissue and liver (Fig. d). However, no other gene was identified for BMI trajectory in TWAS in individuals with late-onset comorbidities. Conclusions Individuals with early-onset obesity-related comorbidities appear to carry obesity risk loci that have more significant impact on tissue-specific gene expressions. Understanding genetic heterogeneity in obesity may aid personalized prevention.
Abstract P1015: Human Blood Proteome Profiles Across Middle and Late Adulthood Exhibit Three Life-Stage Waves Differentially Linked to Age-Related Diseases
Authors: Jie Zhang, Hao Ma, Xuan Wang, Yoriko Heianza, Dongqing Ye, Lu Qi
Journal: Circulation (2025)

Introduction: The circulating proteome has emerged as a crucial resource for predicting biological aging. Recent studies identified life-stage specific waves of proteomic expression; however, little is known about the relations between life-stage proteomic waves and age-related disorders. Hypothesis: Life-stage proteomic waves during middle and late adulthood are differentially associated with diseases and mortality. Methods: The study included a total of 53,105 participants (aged 39-70 years) from the UK Biobank study, with the measurements of 2,922 Olink plasma proteins. We used differential expression-sliding window analysis (DE-SWAN) to analyze differential expression of protein levels within a window of 10 years, while sliding the window in increments of 2 year from middle to old. We constructed a coefficient-weighted protein scores for aging waves, and then used the Cox models to assess the associations between protein scores and the risk of 22 leading diseases and mortality. Results: We identified three distinct life-stage proteomic waves peaking at ages 50, 56, and 67, comprising 943, 708, and 1,103 differentially expressed proteins, respectively. Protein scores from all waves showed significant and varying associations with 10 diseases across neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, autoimmune, respiratory, metabolic, and liver categories. The protein scores of age 56 wave demonstrated the strongest associations with most diseases including ischaemic stroke, ischaemic heart disease, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, and mortality (Hazard ratio [HR] ranges: 1.30-2.10). There were distinct association patterns for specific diseases. For instance, Alzheimer's dementia showed a peak risk at age 56 (HR 1.34), rising from age 50 (HR 1.25) and remaining essentially unchanged at age 67 (HR 1.31). In contrast, vascular dementia displayed consistently higher risk at ages 50 and 56 (HR 1.59), followed by a decline at age 67 (HR 1.48). Liver diseases showed a unique pattern, with the highest risk at age 50 (HR 2.74), followed by a gradual but monotonically decrease through ages 56 (HR 2.38) and 67 (HR 2.00). Conclusions: Our findings indicate life-stage specific association patterns between circulating proteomic profiles and risks of a wide spectrum of diseases, highlighting the essentiality of age-based strategies in prevention and treatment of diseases.
Abstract P3110: Objective overeating by chronic stress level among men and women in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos
Authors: Charis Wiltshire, Hanqi Luo, Salma Parra Pulgarin, Aditya Mehta, Shakira Suglia, Cynthia Perez, Martha Tamez, Carmen Isasi, Josiemer Mattei, Krista Perreira, Linda Gallo, Martha Daviglus, Linda Van Horn, Daniela Sotres-Alvarez, Andrea Lopez
Journal: Circulation (2025)

Background: Dysfunctional eating behaviors, including overeating, may serve as coping strategies against chronic stress (CS). US-residing Latinos face disproportionate exposure to CS, but overeating remains understudied in this population. Furthermore, overeating is usually measured using subjective scales, with little data on objective measures of overall excessive intake. This study estimated the distribution of objective overeating (OO) among US Latino men and women by CS. Methods: Data from adult participants of the Sociocultural Ancillary Study of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (n=4,940; mean ± SD age 42.2 ± 0.37; 55.3% female) were used. CS was measured using a scale that assessed stressors across eight life domains, present for at least six months, and rated as moderately/very stressful, and was categorized into 0, 1, 2, or 3+ stressors. Dietary intake was assessed using two 24-hour recalls. Usual dietary intake was estimated accounting for within- to between-person variance, demographic, and clinical covariates using the National Cancer Institute method and bootstrap weights for variance estimation. Objective overeating was quantified with the following equation: Total energy intake &gt; Basal Metabolic Rate x Physical activity factor + 500 due to the hypothesis that consuming 500 calories over the daily caloric needs every day for one week can lead to an increase of one pound. The physical activity factor was assessed with the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. All analyses used appropriate sample weight and complex survey procedures. Results: The survey-weighted prevalence of 0, 1, 2, and 3+ CS, was 44.7%, 22.0%, 14.9% and 18.4%, respectively. The overall prevalence of OO was 21.7% (SE 2.7). Sex was significantly associated with OO (B = 1.05, p = 0.002), indicating the distribution of OO is significantly different among men and women. Among men, estimated OO prevalence by CS were as follows: 28.3% (SE 6.62) for 0 CS, 28.0% (SE 12.5) for 1 CS, 26.3% (SE 8.7) for 2 CS, and 33.6% (SE 9.9) for 3+ CS. Among women results were: 16.9% (SE 3.7) for 0 CS, 13.9% (SE 4.5) for 1 CS, 18.2% (SE 4.8) for 2 CS, and 17.0% (SE 6.9) for 3+ CS. Conclusion: Among US-residing Latinos, there are patterns of elevated overeating, measured objectively, across higher CS categories, as well as sex-based differences. Men had higher OO at higher categories of stress compared to women. Longitudinal studies are needed to confirm our findings.
Abstract P2153: Correlates of Sleep Health in Women of the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study
Authors: Mandy Pershing, xuan cai, Stephen Thomas, Cora Lewis, Catherine Kim, Pamela Schreiner, Kristen Knutson, Swaty Chapagai, Kathryn Reid, Shaina Alexandria, Mercedes Carnethon
Journal: Circulation (2025)

Introduction: The American Heart Association recently added sleep to Life’s Essential 8 key measures for cardiovascular health. As middle age is a period when women’s risk for cardiovascular disease increases, we investigated the contributions of sociodemographic, biological, mental and lifestyle characteristics on sleep health among middle-aged women. Hypothesis: Adverse levels of these characteristics are associated with poorer sleep health and associations will vary by domain of sleep. Methods: We analyzed correlates of sleep health of 567 women using cross-sectional data from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults sleep ancillary study at year 35, a prospective cohort study which enrolled Black and White individuals aged 18 to 30 years at baseline (1985-86). Outcomes were sleep regularity index, fragmentation, duration, and sleep percentage determined using the wrist-worn Actiwatch TM accelerometer. Values for each participant were averaged across the number of days they wore the device (min 4, max 7). The following categories of correlates were measured using questionnaires and examinations: sociodemographic (marital status, education, number of people in household, having a bed partner, retirement status); biological (BMI, waist circumference, menopausal symptoms); mental (social support, quality of life, depression, loneliness, social network); lifestyle (physical activity, alcohol use, smoking status). We used linear regression models to generate effect estimates for each of the characteristics and the 4 sleep health outcomes adjusted for age, cardiovascular disease and study center. Given known differences in sleep health by race, we chose a priori to carry out stratified analyses by race. Results: The mean age of participants was 61.3 years (SD= 3.6) and 44.8% were Black. The mean value for sleep percentage was 90.4% (SD=4.5), sleep regularity was 79.7% (SD=11.0), sleep fragmentation was 19.8% (SD =7.4), and sleep duration was 415.8 minutes (SD =59.9). Lifestyle was the only category that was associated with sleep health. Black women who were current or former smokers had less favorable sleep health (Table 1). More physical activity was associated with more favorable sleep health in White women. The characteristics we investigated were not associated with sleep duration. Conclusions: We observed a contribution of lifestyle behaviors with measures of sleep health that reflect sleep regularity and quality.