tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Nondiagnostic 99mTc-MAG3 Diuresis Renography Studies Caused by Propofol Sedation
Authors: Karan Bir Singh, Kurt Daley, Caryl Christian, Eva A. Wegner, Monica A. Rossleigh
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

99m Tc-MAG3 diuresis renography is a noninvasive functional imaging technique used to assess clearance of radiotracer in a dilated urinary tract under high diuresis. It is commonly performed in patients to diagnose functionally significant urinary tract obstruction. In some pediatric patients, sedation is required to enable imaging. However, propofol, a commonly used IV sedative agent, is associated with altered renal hemodynamics. We report a case series of 3 pediatric patients at our institution who received propofol sedation to enable 99m Tc-MAG3 diuresis renography using a F+0 protocol, outlining that some "abnormal" studies were in fact assessed to be nondiagnostic.
Positive-strand RNA virus genome replication organelles: structure, assembly, control
Authors: Johan A. den Boon, Masaki Nishikiori, Hong Zhan, Paul Ahlquist
Journal: Trends in Genetics (2024)

Positive-strand RNA [(+)RNA] viruses include pandemic SARS-CoV-2, tumor-inducing hepatitis C virus, debilitating chikungunya virus (CHIKV), lethal encephalitis viruses, and many other major pathogens. (+)RNA viruses replicate their RNA genomes in virus-induced replication organelles (ROs) that also evolve new viral species and variants by recombination and mutation and are crucial virus control targets. Recent cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) reveals that viral RNA replication proteins form striking ringed 'crowns' at RO vesicle junctions with the cytosol. These crowns direct RO vesicle formation, viral (-)RNA and (+)RNA synthesis and capping, innate immune escape, and transfer of progeny (+)RNA genomes into translation and encapsidation. Ongoing studies are illuminating crown assembly, sequential functions, host factor interactions, etc., with significant implications for control and beneficial uses of viruses.
A commentary on “Efficacy of electroacupuncture in improving postoperative ileus in patients receiving colorectal surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis”
Authors: Meiyin Zhou, Hanke Ye, Ruijie Ma
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

aThe Third Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China bThe Second Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China cDepartment of Acupuncture, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China Meiyin Zhou and Hanke Ye contributed equally to this work and share first authorship. Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article. Published online ■ ■ *Corresponding author. Address: The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 219 Moganshan Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310005, People's Republic of China. E-mail address: [email protected] (R. Ma). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
Association between postoperative radiotherapy for young-onset non–small cell lung cancer and risk of second primary malignancies ----Comparative study
Authors: Zuwei Li, Minzhang Guo, Lunxu Liu, Senyi Deng
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

The most common form of therapy for nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in early stage is surgery-based combination therapy, including radiotherapy and immunotherapy. However, postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) of cancer is correlated with increasing risk of second primary malignancy (SPM), especially young-onset cancer cases. The authors aimed to quantify the risks of SPM associated with PORT treatment for young‑onset NSCLC in early stage.
Towards a personalized approach: The promising horizon of degenerative cervical myelopathy
Authors: Bo Xu, He Yin, Minshan Feng
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

Department of Spine, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100020, China Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article. Published online ■ ■ *Corresponding author. Address: Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100000, China. E-mail address: [email protected] (H. Yin). *Corresponding author. Address: Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100000, China. E-mail address: [email protected] (M. Feng). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Recent trends of stem cell therapies in The management of orthopedic surgical challenges
Authors: Debajyoti Pal, Pratik Das, Subhasis Roy, Prasenjit Mukherjee, Samar Halder, Debaki Ghosh, Samit Kumar Nandi
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

Emerged health-related problems especially with increasing population and with the wider occurrence of these issues have always put the utmost concern and led medicine to outgrow its usual mode of treatment, to achieve better outcomes. Orthopedic interventions are one of the most concerning hitches, requiring advancement in several issues, that show complications with conventional approaches. Advanced studies have been undertaken to address the issue, among which stem cell therapy emerged as a better area of growth. The capacity of the stem cells to renovate themselves and adapt into different cell types made it possible to implement its use as a regenerative slant. Harvesting the stem cells, particularly mesenchymal stem cells is easier and can be further grown in vitro. In this review, we have discussed orthopedic-related issues including bone defects and fractures, non-unions, ligament and tendon injuries, degenerative changes, and associated conditions, which require further approaches to execute better outcomes, and the advanced strategies that can be tagged along with various ways of application of mesenchymal stem cells. It aims to objectify the idea of stem cells, with a major focus on the application of Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from different sources in various orthopedic interventions. It also discusses the limitations, and future scopes for further approaches in the field of regenerative medicine. The involvement of mesenchymal stem cells may transition the procedures in orthopedic interventions from predominantly surgical substitution and reconstruction to bio-regeneration and prevention. Nevertheless, additional improvements and evaluations are required to explore the effectiveness and safety of mesenchymal stem cell treatment in orthopedic regenerative medicine.
CCR5 and CCL5 in metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: Benjamin L Schlechter, Justin Stebbing
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2024)

The CCR/L5 axis is known for its role in immune regulation in a variety of settings and has been shown to have dichotomous functions in cancer, influencing both tumor progression and immune responses. Battaglin et al investigated its role using genomic and transcriptomic data from several datasets of patients with advanced colorectal cancer (CRC), including patients treated on CALGB/SWOG 80405, a trial of chemotherapy plus cetuximab versus bevacizumab, as well as a larger population of patients whose CRCs underwent commercially available Caris NGS and CODEai assays. These authors showed that CCR/L5 expression was both prognostic and predictive. They reported that low expression of the CCR/L5 axis was correlated with improved survival broadly, with particular benefit in patients treated with chemotherapy plus cetuximab. They demonstrated that high expression of CCR/L5 was associated with infiltration by negatively prognostic Tregs, M1 and M2 macrophages, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and cancer-associated fibroblasts. They also showed that increased expression was correlated a wide variety of immune suppressive proteins, including PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2, CTLA4, CD80, CD86, TIM3, IDO1, LAG3, and IFN-γ. This suggests mechanisms by which CRC resists anti-cancer immune responses. This study enhances our understanding of the role of the CCR/L5 axis in advanced CRC.
PA28γ induces dendritic cell maturation and activates T‐cell immune responses in oral lichen planus
Authors: Yimei Wang, Qiyue Zhang, Xiaoting Deng, Ying Wang, Xin Tian, Shiyu Zhang, Yingqiang Shen, Xikun Zhou, Xin Zeng, Qianming Chen, Lu Jiang, Jing Li
Journal: MedComm (2024)

Abstract Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the oral mucosa, the mechanism of its inflammatory progression has not yet been fully elucidated. PA28γ plays a significant role in a variety of immune‐related diseases. However, the exact role of PA28γ in the pathogenesis of OLP remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that PA28γ is overexpressed in epithelial cells and inflammatory cells of OLP tissues but has no significant relationship with OLP subtypes. Functionally, keratinocytes with high PA28γ expression could induce dendritic cell (DC) maturation and promote the T‐cell differentiation into Th1 cells in response to the immune response. In addition, we found that a high level of PA28γ expression is associated with high numbers of infiltrating mature DCs and activated T‐cells in OLP tissues. Mechanistically, keratinocytes with high PA28γ expression could promote the secretion of C–C motif chemokine (CCL)5, blocking CCL5 or/and its receptor CD44 could inhibit the induction of T‐cell differentiation by keratinocytes with high PA28γ expression. In conclusion, we reveal that keratinocytes with high expression of PA28γ in OLP can induce DC maturation and promote T‐cell differentiation through the CCL5‐CD44 pathway, providing previously unidentified mechanistic insights into the mechanism of inflammatory progression in OLP.
Systematic analysis of NDUFAF6 in complex I assembly and mitochondrial disease
Authors: Andrew Y. Sung, Rachel M. Guerra, Laura H. Steenberge, Charlotte L. Alston, Kei Murayama, Yasushi Okazaki, Masaru Shimura, Holger Prokisch, Daniele Ghezzi, Alessandra Torraco, Rosalba Carrozzo, Agnès Rötig, Robert W. Taylor, James L. Keck, David J. Pagliarini
Journal: Nature Metabolism (2024)
Identification of bacterial determinants of tuberculosis infection and treatment outcomes: a phenogenomic analysis of clinical strains
Authors: Sydney Stanley, Caitlin N Spaulding, Qingyun Liu, Michael R Chase, Dang Thi Minh Ha, Phan Vuong Khac Thai, Nguyen Huu Lan, Do Dang Anh Thu, Nguyen Le Quang, Jessica Brown, Nathan D Hicks, Xin Wang, Maximillian Marin, Nicole C Howard, Andrew J Vickers, Wiktor M Karpinski, Michael C Chao, Maha R Farhat, Maxine Caws, Sarah J Dunstan, Nguyen Thuy Thuong Thuong, Sarah M Fortune
Journal: The Lancet Microbe (2024)
Comparison of disposable digital single-operator cholangioscopy versus direct peroral cholangioscopy for the diagnosis of intraductal superficial lesions of the bile duct
Authors: Il Sang Shin, Jong Ho Moon, Yun Nah Lee, Hee Kyung Kim, Jun Chul Chung, Tae Hoon Lee, Jae Kook Yang, Young Deok Cho, Sang-Heum Park
Journal: Endoscopy (2024)

Abstract Background Disposable digital single-operator cholangioscopy (D-SOC) and direct peroral cholangioscopy (D-POC) using an ultraslim endoscope are established POC modalities for the diagnosis and treatment of various biliary diseases. We compared the usefulness of D-SOC and D-POC for the diagnosis of intraductal superficial lesions of the bile duct (ISL-Bs). Methods 38 consecutive patients with suspected biliary diseases who underwent both D-SOC and D-POC were enrolled. The primary outcome was ISL-B detection rate, and the secondary outcomes were technical success of POC and POC-guided forceps biopsy sampling (POC-FB), procedure time, visualization quality, and tissue adequacy. Results D-SOC had a higher technical success rate than D-POC but the difference was not statistically significant (100% vs. 92.1%, P = 0.25). D-POC had a marginally higher ISL-B detection rate (34.2% vs. 28.9%, P = 0.68) and significantly higher visualization quality (P = 0.03). The mean (SD) procedure time was significantly shorter with D-SOC (11.00 [1.33] vs. 19.03 [2.95] minutes, P&lt;0.001). The technical success rate of POC-FB and tissue adequacy did not differ between the two techniques (D-SOC vs. D-POC: 81.8% vs. 84.6%, P = 0.69 and 77.8% vs. 90.9%, P = 0.57, respectively). Conclusions Both POC systems were safe and useful for the detection, characterization, and diagnosis of minute ISL-Bs. While D-SOC displayed a shorter procedure time and a tendency for higher technical success rate, D-POC provided superior visualization quality, allowing detailed observation of the surface structure and microvascular patterns.
Prevention of congenital syphilis within antenatal PrEP services in South Africa: missed opportunities
Authors: Dvora Joseph Davey, Alex de Voux, Lerato Hlatshwayo, Aurelie Nelson, Lisa Frigati, Kalisha Bheemraj, Nafisa Wara, Rufaro Mvududu, Landon Myer
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2024)
Managing greenhouse gas emissions in the terminal year of life in an overwhelmed health system: a paradigm shift for people and our planet
Authors: Myles Sergeant, Olivia Ly, Sujane Kandasamy, Sonia S Anand, Russell J de Souza
Journal: The Lancet Planetary Health (2024)

Health care contributes 4·4% of global net carbon emissions. Hospitals are resource-intensive settings, using a large amount of supplies in patient care and have high energy, ventilation, and heating needs. This Viewpoint investigates emissions related to health care in a patient's last year of life. End of life (EOL) is a period when health-care use and associated emissions production increases exponentially due primarily to hospital admissions, which are often at odds with patients' values and preferences. Potential solutions detailed within this Viewpoint are facilitating advanced care plans with patients to ensure their EOL wishes are clear, beginning palliative care interventions earlier when treating a life-limiting illness, deprescribing unnecessary medications because medications and their supply chains make up a significant portion of health-care emissions, and, enhancing access to low-intensity community care settings (eg, hospices) within the last year of life if home care is not available. Our analysis was done using Canadian data, but the findings can be applied to other high-income countries.
Effectiveness of preventive treatment among different age groups and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection status: a systematic review and individual-participant data meta-analysis of contact tracing studies
Authors: Leonardo Martinez, James A Seddon, C Robert Horsburgh, Christoph Lange, Anna M Mandalakas, Leonardo Martinez, James Seddon, Qiao Liu, Carlos Acuna Villaorduna, Maryline Bonnet, Anna Cristina C. Carvalho, Pei-Chun Chan, Philip C Hill, Elisa Lopez-Varela, Simon Donkor, Stephen M. Graham, Julian A. Villalba, Louis Grandjean, Jean-Pierre Zellweger, Jann-Yuan Wang, Lilly M Verhagen, Cari van Schalkwykn, Maarten F Schim van der Loeff, Rosa Sloot, Lisa Trieu, Shama Desai Ahuja, Takashi Yoshiyama, Rufaida Mazahir, Neil A Martinsonn, Edward C. Jones-López, Neus Altet, Seiya Kato, Chi-Tai Fang, Steffen Geis, Anja Hauri, Richard Long, Claudia C Dobler, Joan A Cayla, Tsira Chakhaia, Cheng Chen, Alberto L. García-Basteiro, Rina Triasih, Li-Min Huang, Surendra Sharma, Djohar Hannoun, LaShaunda L. Malone, Du-Lin Ling, Afrânio Kritski, Catherine M. Stein, Amyn A Malik, Orvalho Augusto, Richa Vashishtha, Fadila Boulahbal, W. Henry Boom, Ye Shen, Anneke C Hesseling, C. Robert Horsburgh, Christoph Lange, Anna M. Mandalakas
Journal: The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (2024)
A human right to climate protection
Authors: None The Lancet Planetary Health
Journal: The Lancet Planetary Health (2024)

Necessity is proverbially the mother of invention. It is a compelling and optimistic idea that there is a high propensity for some quorum of society to recognise a new need and then rally to make the changes and developments needed to avoid catastrophe. Even a cursory enquiry into how such a mechanism might operate, however, raises questions; necessity for who? And how would this need be recognised and legitimised? Invariably all of this will be contested. Furthermore, contrary to this idea of inherent human inventiveness structural factors such as the concentration of power and wealth and market failures seem to make some longstanding and well recognised problems remarkably persistent.
Field evaluation of validity and feasibility of Pan-Lassa rapid diagnostic test for Lassa fever in Abakaliki, Nigeria: a prospective diagnostic accuracy study
Authors: Jelte Elsinga, Temmy Sunyoto, Letizia di Stefano, Pier Francesco Giorgetti, Htet Aung Kyi, Chiara Burzio, Ximena Campos Moreno, Chiedozie K Ojide, Nnennaya Ajayi, Richard Ewah, Emeka O Ogah, Chioma Dan-Nwafor, Anthony Ahumibe, Chinwe Lucia Ochu, Adebola Olayinka, Sylvie Jonckheere, Pascale Chaillet, Michel van Herp
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2024)

Lassa fever is a viral haemorrhagic fever with few options for diagnosis and treatment; it is also under-researched with knowledge gaps on its epidemiology. A point-of-care bedside test diagnosing Lassa fever, adhering to REASSURED criteria, is not currently available but is urgently needed in west African regions with high Lassa fever burden. We aimed to assess the validity and feasibility of a rapid diagnostic test (RDT) to confirm Lassa fever in people in Nigeria.
Recombinant ADAMTS13 for Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Authors: Pavan K. Bendapudi, Brody H. Foy, Sarah B. Mueller, Jun Liu, Louis M. Feingold, Kristen E. Burke, Wendy Cruz, Maria Y. Chen, Emily S. Lau, Rachel L. Goldberg, Ishan Tatake, Shelby C. Wilkinson, Brian J. Carney, James R. Stone, Doyun Park, Alzira R. Avelino, Sajjad Hassan, Chester Andrzejewski, Kristen N. Ruby, Kenneth D. Friedman, Patricia A.R. Brunker, Rebecca K. Leaf, John Higgins, Walter H. Dzik, Jonathan A. Stefely, Robert S. Makar
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2024)

In patients with immune thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP), autoantibodies against the metalloprotease ADAMTS13 lead to catastrophic microvascular thrombosis. However, the potential benefits of recombinant human ADAMTS13 (rADAMTS13) in patients with iTTP remain unknown. Here, we report the clinical use of rADAMTS13, which resulted in the rapid suppression of disease activity and complete recovery in a critically ill patient whose condition had proved to be refractory to all available treatments. We also show that rADAMTS13 causes immune complex formation, which saturates the autoantibody and may promote its clearance. Our data support the role of rADAMTS13 as a novel adjunctive therapy in patients with iTTP.
Trial of Thrombectomy for Stroke with a Large Infarct of Unrestricted Size
Authors: Vincent Costalat, Tudor G. Jovin, J.F. Albucher, Christophe Cognard, Hilde Henon, Nasreddine Nouri, Benjamin Gory, Sebastien Richard, Gaultier Marnat, Igor Sibon, Federico Di Maria, Mariam Annan, Grégoire Boulouis, Pere Cardona, Michael Obadia, Michel Piotin, Romain Bourcier, Benoit Guillon, Sophie Godard, Anne Pasco-Papon, Omer F. Eker, Tae-Hee Cho, Guillaume Turc, Olivier Naggara, Stéphane Velasco, Matthias Lamy, Frédéric Clarençon, Sonia Alamowitch, Arturo Renu, Laurent Suissa, Hervé Brunel, Jean-Christophe Gentric, Serge Timsit, Chantal Lamy, Cyril Chivot, Francisco Macian-Montoro, Charbel Mounayer, Ozlem Ozkul-Wermester, Chrysanthi Papagiannaki, Valérie Wolff, Raoul Pop, Anna Ferrier, Emmanuel Chabert, Frédéric Ricolfi, Yannick Béjot, Elena Lopez-Cancio, Pedro Vega, Laurent Spelle, Christian Denier, Mònica Millán, Juan F. Arenillas, Mikael Mazighi, Emmanuel Houdart, Maria del Mar Freijo, Alain Duhamel, Nerses Sanossian, David S. Liebeskind, Julien Labreuche, Bertrand Lapergue, Caroline Arquizan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2024)

The use of thrombectomy in patients with acute stroke and a large infarct of unrestricted size has not been well studied.
Triterpenoids-templated self-assembly nanosystem for biomimetic delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 based on the synergy of TLR-2 and ICB to enhance HCC immunotherapy
Authors: Bing-Chen Zhang, Chun-Mei Lai, Bang-Yue Luo, Jing-Wei Shao
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2024)

Combination immunotherapy has shown promising potential for enhancing the objective response rate compared to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) monotherapy. However, combination therapy with multi-drugs is limited by the different properties of the agents and inconsistent synergistic targeted delivery. Herein, based on a universal triterpene template and the anticancer active agent ursolic acid (UA), a cytomembrane-coated biomimetic delivery nanoplatform (UR@M) prepared by the self-assembly of a
2024 AHA/ACC/AMSSM/HRS/PACES/SCMR Guideline for the Management of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Steve R. Ommen, Carolyn Y. Ho, Irfan M. Asif, Seshadri Balaji, Michael A. Burke, Sharlene M. Day, Joseph A. Dearani, Kelly C. Epps, Lauren Evanovich, Victor A. Ferrari, José A. Joglar, Sadiya S. Khan, Jeffrey J. Kim, Michelle M. Kittleson, Chayakrit Krittanawong, Matthew W. Martinez, Seema Mital, Srihari S. Naidu, Sara Saberi, Christopher Semsarian, Sabrina Times, Cynthia Burstein Waldman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2024)