tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Rare Case of Pulmonary Vascular Anomaly: MDCT Pulmonary Angiography in Diagnosis of Arteriovenous Malformation and Post-operative Imaging
Authors: V. I. Gorshkova, R. S. Talybov, V. V. Mochalov, T. N. Trofimova, T. M. Kleschevnikova
Journal: Radiology - Practice (2024)

Objective . To demonstrate the diagnostic algorithm and tactics of a surgical management of patients with pulmonary arteriovenous malformations. Materials and Methods . Based on a patient`s clinical data analysis, further examination tactic was chosen: in the pre and postoperative periods multispiral computed tomography (MSCT) angiopulmonography (on a Canon Aquillion Prime, Japan) was performed before and after intravenous administration of a iodine-containing contrast agent (Ultravist, 370 mg/ ml) at the rate of 1 ml/kg. Brain magnetic resonance tomography was performed on a Signa Voyager, General Electric, China, 1,5 Tl in the pulse sequences T1, T2, T2 FLAIR, DWI, SWAN in three mutually perpendicular planes with a slice thickness of 1-5 mm to examine the neurological complications. Interventional angiopulmonography was implemented by using General Electric Innova IGS530, France, angiographic system before and after endovascular occluder ("AMPLATZER Vascular PLUG 4", USA) and spirals ("2D-Helical-35" 9 mm in diameter and 2,7 mm long (4 spirals) and "Complex–Helical-18" 11 mm in diameter and 17 mm long, USA) placement. A literature review in Russian and English languages for the last 5 years was searched using CyberLeninka, PubMed Central, Elibrary data bases, by keywords: pulmonary arteriovenous malformation, MSCT angiopulmonography, endovascular treatment. The prospective longitudinal study was conducted in compliance with the principles of ethics in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration, and informed voluntary consent was obtained from the patient. Results. According to clinical and instrumental data, the tactics of combined endovascular treatment of a vascular malformation with subsequent postoperative control was collectively chosen. During the curation, an increase in saturation parameters, general wellbeing improvement, decrease in pulmonary pressure parameters, and diminution in the size of the right heart's parts were achieved. Conclusion. Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are rare vascular abnormalities that represent a pathological communication between the arterial and venous bed. The fistulous link leads to an abnormal discharge of blood, bypassing the physiological capillary channel. Radiation and interventional visualization methods play the most important diagnostic, and the latest — therapeutic role in management of patients and are able to establish indications for surgical intervention, prevent the occurrence of life-threating complications: abscesses, paradoxical embolism and heart attacks, progressive respiratory and heart failure.
Features of Magnetic Resonance Diagnostics of Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor (Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis)
Authors: T. V. Potemkina, Yu. Yu. Konopleva, E. B. Petrova
Journal: Radiology - Practice (2024)

Aim. Demonstrate the features of magnetic resonance diagnostics of tenosynovial giant cell tumor. Materials and Methods . Using magnetic resonance imaging, we identified patients with tenosynovial giant cell tumor of the knee joint, describing the diagnostic features and clinical course of diffuse and local forms of the tumor. Results. Specific MRI patterns of tenosynovial giant cell tumor are hemosiderin deposits, villous and nodular growths of the synovium of the knee joint, joint effusion and bone erosion. Conclusion. Тenosynovial giant cell tumor is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm arising from the synovium of joints and tendon sheaths, disabling young able-bodied people. Magnetic resonance imaging, being the “gold” standard for radiological diagnostics, helps to identify specific patterns.
Biocompatible Metal‐Organic Framework‐Based Fabric Composite as an Efficient Personal Protective Equipment for Particulate Matter‐Induced Pulmonary Injury
Authors: Zhen Ding, Xingfu Bao, Tianyan Chen, Jinming Zhang, Chengjing Xu, Nan Tang, Min Hu, Zhen Liu
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Efficient personal protection has emerged as a crucial approach for reducing pulmonary injury induced by particulate matter (PM). However, current personal protective equipments usually lack essential biosafety concerns and fail to own adsorbing/antioxidant/antibacterial function together, making it a challenge to develop an integrated platform with the above characteristics. Herein, a facile oxygen-free hydrothermal strategy is proposed to synthesize new copper-based metal-organic frameworks, Cu-HHTPs, (HHTP: 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenylene), with great adsorbing/antioxidant/antibacterial activity and high biosafety. The Cu-HHTPs can serve as an efficient additive incorporated with various fabrics including cellulose acetate (CA) membrane to achieve novel fabric composites, such as CA@Cu-HHTPs, with ideal scavenging outcome for the main components of PM. Evidenced by the animal experiments, CA@Cu-HHTPs can highly mitigate PM-induced adverse effects via adsorbing PM, scavenging ROS, and killing bacteria, leading to a significant reduction in lung permeability, inflammation and oxidative stress, and pulmonary infection. Last but not least, a two-week exposure of CA@Cu-HHTPs exhibits no obvious damage toward the animals by examining their long-term toxicity. Collectively, this study not only highlights the potential of Cu-HHTPs as attractive additives for the preparation of fabric composites, but also lays out a new concept toward the development of new-generation multifunctional personal protective equipment against PM.
Recommendations to promote equity, diversity and inclusion in decentralized clinical trials
Authors: Olalekan Lee Aiyegbusi, Samantha Cruz Rivera, Paul Kamudoni, Nicola Anderson, Philip Collis, Alastair K. Denniston, Rosie Harding, Sarah E. Hughes, Kamlesh Khunti, Dipak Kotecha, Harlan Krumholz, Xiaoxuan Liu, Christel McMullan, Barbara Molony-Oates, Joao Monteiro, Puja Myles, Khadija Rerhou Rantell, Katherine Soltys, Ravinder Verdi, Roger Wilson, Melanie J. Calvert
Journal: Nature Medicine (2024)

Decentralized clinical trials involving the use of digital tools to facilitate remote research are gaining momentum. Rapid advancements in digital technologies have supported the adoption of these trials. These innovations facilitate virtual interactions between clinical trial teams and participants by making it easier to collect, transfer and store electronic data. While some studies have demonstrated the potential for these approaches to reduce barriers to clinical trial participation, they are associated with several challenges that may create or worsen existing health inequalities and limit the generalizability of trial results. Here we review the potential for digitally enabled and decentralized clinical trials to enhance clinical trial participation in an equitable manner. We describe the key barriers individuals from underserved groups may face, and provide recommendations to promote equity, diversity and inclusion. Digitally enabled and decentralized clinical trials could enable large-scale recruitment of diverse participants—but careful consideration of the barriers faced by underserved groups will be crucial to their success.
Gene-based burden tests of rare germline variants identify six cancer susceptibility genes
Authors: Erna V Ivarsdottir, Julius Gudmundsson, Vinicius Tragante, Gardar Sveinbjornsson, Snaedis Kristmundsdottir, Simon N Stacey, Gisli H Halldorsson, Magnus I Magnusson, Asmundur Oddsson, G Bragi Walters, Asgeir Sigurdsson, Saedis Saevarsdottir, Doruk Beyter, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Bjarni V Halldorsson, Pall Melsted, Hreinn Stefansson, Ingileif Jonsdottir, Erik Sørensen, Ole B Pedersen, Christian Erikstrup, Martin Bøgsted, Mette Pøhl, Andreas Røder, Hein Vincent Stroomberg, Ismail Gögenur, Jens Hillingsø, Stig E Bojesen, Ulrik Lassen, Estrid Høgdall, Henrik Ullum, Søren Brunak, Sisse R Ostrowski, Ida Elken Sonderby, Oleksandr Frei, Srdjan Djurovic, Alexandra Havdahl, Pal Moller, Mev Dominguez-Valentin, Jan Haavik, Ole A Andreassen, Eivind Hovig, Bjarni A Agnarsson, Rafn Hilmarsson, Oskar Th Johannsson, Trausti Valdimarsson, Steinn Jonsson, Pall H Moller, Jon H Olafsson, Bardur Sigurgeirsson, Jon G Jonasson, Geir Tryggvason, Hilma Holm, Patrick Sulem, Thorunn Rafnar, Daniel F Gudbjartsson, Kari Stefansson
Journal: Nature Genetics (2024)
Branched-chain α-ketoacids aerobically activate HIF1α signalling in vascular cells
Authors: Wusheng Xiao, Nishith Shrimali, Niv Vigder, William M. Oldham, Clary B. Clish, Huamei He, Samantha J. Wong, Bradley M. Wertheim, Elena Arons, Marcia C. Haigis, Jane A. Leopold, Joseph Loscalzo
Journal: Nature Metabolism (2024)
Convergence and divergence of diploid and tetraploid cotton genomes
Authors: Jianying Li, Zhenping Liu, Chunyuan You, Zhengyang Qi, Jiaqi You, Corrinne E Grover, Yuexuan Long, Xianhui Huang, Sifan Lu, Yuejin Wang, Sainan Zhang, Yawen Wang, Ruizhe Bai, Mengke Zhang, Shuangxia Jin, Xinhui Nie, Jonathan F Wendel, Xianlong Zhang, Maojun Wang
Journal: Nature Genetics (2024)
Regulatory reforms will boost African vaccine production and access
Authors: Niteen Wairagkar, Alex Juma Ismail, Dalia M. N. Abouhussein, Moji Christianah Adeyeye, Delese Mimi Darko, Adam Mitangu Fimbo, Richard T. Rukwata, Boitumelo Semete-Makokotlela, Michele Sidibe, Nicaise Ndembi
Journal: Nature Medicine (2024)
Cardiomyopathies in 100,000 genomes project: interval evaluation improves diagnostic yield and informs strategies for ongoing gene discovery
Authors: Katherine S. Josephs, Eleanor G. Seaby, Philippa May, Pantazis Theotokis, Jing Yu, Avgi Andreou, Hannah Sinclair, Deborah Morris-Rosendahl, Ellen R. A. Thomas, Sarah Ennis, Angharad M. Roberts, James S. Ware
Journal: Genome Medicine (2024)

Abstract Background Cardiomyopathies are clinically important conditions, with a strong genetic component. National genomic initiatives such as 100,000 Genome Project (100KGP) provide opportunity to study these rare conditions at scale beyond conventional research studies. Methods We present the clinical and molecular characteristics of the 100KGP cohort, comparing paediatric and adult probands with diverse cardiomyopathies. We assessed the diagnostic yield and spectrum of genetic aetiologies across clinical presentations. We re-analysed existing genomic data using an updated analytical strategy (revised gene panels; unbiased analyses of de novo variants; and improved variant prioritisation strategies) to identify new causative variants in genetically unsolved children. Results We identified 1918 individuals (1563 probands, 355 relatives) with cardiomyopathy (CM) in 100KGP. Probands, comprising 273 children and 1290 adults, were enrolled under &gt; 55 different recruitment categories. Paediatric probands had higher rates of co-existing congenital heart disease (12%) compared to adults (0.9%). Diagnostic yield following 100KGP’s initial analysis was significantly higher for children (19%) than for adults (11%) with 11% of diagnoses overall made in genes not on the existing UK paediatric or syndromic CM panel. Our re-analysis of paediatric probands yields a potential diagnosis in 40%, identifying new probable or possible diagnoses in 49 previously unsolved paediatric cases. Structural and intronic variants accounted for 11% of all potential diagnoses in children while de novo variants were identified in 17%. Conclusions 100KGP demonstrates the benefit of genome sequencing over a standalone panel in CM. Re-analysis of paediatric CM probands allowed a significant uplift in diagnostic yield, emphasising the importance of iterative re-evaluation in genomic studies. Despite these efforts, many children with CM remain without a genetic diagnosis, highlighting the need for better gene-disease relationship curation and ongoing data sharing. The 100KGP CM cohort is likely to be useful for further gene discovery, but heterogeneous ascertainment and key technical limitations must be understood and addressed.
Specific ECM degradation potentiates the antitumor activity of CAR-T cells in solid tumors
Authors: Rui Zheng, Kuo Shen, Sixin Liang, Yanhong Lyu, Siyan Zhang, Hao Dong, Yuanfeng Li, Yujie Han, Xiaojuan Zhao, Yiting Zhang, Pengju Wang, Ruotong Meng, Shukun Bai, Jianxun Yang, Guofang Lu, Jia Li, Angang Yang, Rui Zhang, Bo Yan
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2024)
Efficacy and safety of stem cell therapy for fistula management: An overview of existing systematic reviews
Authors: Tripti Tripathi, Syam Mohan, Hassan Ahmad Alfaifi, Abdullah Farasani, Roopashree R, Pawan Sharma, Abhishek Sharma, Apurva Koul, G. V. Siva Prasad, Sarvesh Rustagi, Jigisha Anand, Sanjit Sah, Shilpa Gaidhane, Ganesh Bushi, Diptismita Jena, Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib, Muhammed Shabil, Siddig Ibrahim Abdelwahab, Kiran Bhopte, Manvi Pant, Rachana Mehta, Sakshi Pandey, Manvinder Brar, Nagavalli Chilakam, Ashok Kumar Balaraman
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

Background: Fistulas, abnormal connections between two anatomical structures, significantly impact the quality of life and can result from a variety of causes, including congenital defects, inflammatory conditions, and surgical complications. Stem cell therapy has emerged as a promising alternative due to its potential for regenerative and immunomodulatory effects. This overview of systematic reviews aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of stem cell therapy in managing fistulas, drawing on the evidence available. Methods: This umbrella review was conducted following the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology to assess the efficacy and safety of stem cell therapy for treating various types of fistulas. A comprehensive search was performed across multiple electronic databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Register, and Web of Science up to May 5th, 2024. Systematic reviews focusing on stem cell therapy for fistulas were included, with data extracted on study design, stem cell types, administration methods, and outcomes. The quality of the reviews was assessed using the AMSTAR 2 tool, and meta-analyses were conducted using R software version 4.3. Results: Nineteen systematic reviews were included in our umbrella review. The stem cell therapy demonstrated by significant improvements in clinical remission rates, with a relative risk (RR) of 1.299 (95% CI: 1.192 to 1.420). Stem cell therapy enhanced fistula closure rates, both short-term (RR=1.481; 95% CI: 1.036 to 2.116) and long-term (RR=1.422; 95% CI: 1.091 to 1.854). The safety analysis revealed no significant increase in the risk of adverse events with stem cell therapy, showing a pooled RR of 0.972 (95% CI: 0.739 to 1.278) for general adverse events and 1.136 (95% CI: 0.821 to 1.572) for serious adverse events, both of which indicate a safety profile comparable to control treatments. Re-epithelialization rates also improved (RR=1.44; 95% CI: 1.322 to 1.572). Conclusion: Stem cell therapy shows promise as an effective and safe treatment for fistulas, particularly in inducing remission and promoting closure of complex fistulas. The findings advocate for further high-quality research to confirm these benefits and potentially incorporate stem cell therapy into standard clinical practice for fistula management. Future studies should focus on long-term outcomes and refining stem cell treatment protocols to optimize therapeutic efficacy.
Cellular Alignment and Matrix Stiffening Induced Changes in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Derived Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Andrew House, Anjeli Santillan, Evan Correa, Victoria Youssef, Murat Guvendiren
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Biological processes are inherently dynamic, necessitating biomaterial platforms capable of spatiotemporal control over cellular organization and matrix stiffness for accurate study of tissue development, wound healing, and disease. However, most in vitro platforms remain static. In this study, a dynamic biomaterial platform comprising a stiffening hydrogel is introduced and achieved through a stepwise approach of addition followed by light-mediated crosslinking, integrated with an elastomeric substrate featuring strain-responsive lamellar surface patterns. Employing this platform, the response of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hIPSC-CMs) is investigated to dynamic stiffening from healthy to fibrotic tissue stiffness. The results demonstrate that culturing hIPSC-CMs on physiologically relevant healthy stiffness significantly enhances their function, as evidenced by increased sarcomere fraction, wider sarcomere width, significantly higher connexin-43 content, and elevated cell beating frequency compared to cells cultured on fibrotic matrix. Conversely, dynamic matrix stiffening negatively impacts hIPSC-CM function, with earlier stiffening events exerting a more pronounced hindering effect. These findings provide valuable insights into material-based approaches for addressing existing challenges in hIPSC-CM maturation and have broader implications across various tissue models, including muscle, tendon, nerve, and cornea, where both cellular alignment and matrix stiffening play pivotal roles in tissue development and regeneration.
Multifunctional Analgesic Sutures from Microfluidic Spinning Technology
Authors: Yunan Peng, Yixuan Shang, Junyi Che, Yunru Yu, Yuanjin Zhao, Xiaoping Gu
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Sutures are the most commonly used wound repair method after surgery. However, addressing delayed recovery and pain management remains a significant challenge. Here, microfibers are developed from microfluidic spinning with long-lasting analgesia capabilities for sutures. By using a solvent extraction manner, the polycaprolactone (PCL) microfibers encapsulated with ropivacaine (ROP), a well-known analgesic, can be continuously obtained from microfluidics. The intrinsic property of PCL and the advantage of microfluidic spinning technique impart the microfiber with highly controlled morphologies, mechanical strengths, as well as drug release. After exploring their biocompatibility both at in vitro and in vivo levels, the microfibers are directly applied to wound suture. The results demonstrate the lasting analgesic effect of the microfiber on mice with incision pain, highlighting its potential as promising suture for post-surgery treatments. It is anticipated that the multifunctional analgesic sutures produced through microfluidic spinning will pave the way for utilizing fibers as effective sutures in clinical incision wound treatment.
Drug-Coated Balloon Angioplasty of the Side Branch During Provisional Stenting
Authors: Xiaofei Gao, Nailiang Tian, Jing Kan, Ping Li, Mian Wang, Imad Sheiban, Filippo Figini, Jianping Deng, Xiang Chen, Teguh Santoso, Eun-Seok Shin, Muhammad Munawar, Shangyu Wen, Zhengzhong Wang, Shaoping Nie, Yue Li, Tan Xu, Bin Wang, Fei Ye, Junjie Zhang, Xiling Shou, Shao-Liang Chen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2024)
How to address the coronaries in TAVI candidates: can the need for revascularization be safely determined by CT angiography only?
Authors: Katharina Theresa Julia Mascherbauer, Gudrun Lamm, Andreas Anselm Kammerlander, Maximilian Will, Christian Nitsche, Roya Anahita Mousavi, Caglayan Demirel, Philipp Emanuel Bartko, Konstantin Schwarz, Christian Hengstenberg, Julia Mascherbauer
Journal:  (2024)

Abstract Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains one of the most frequent comorbidities among transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) candidates. Whether routine assessment of CAD by invasive coronary angiography (CA) and eventual peri-procedural percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is generally beneficial in TAVI patients has recently been heavily questioned. CA carries significant risks, such as kidney injury, bleeding, and prolonged hospital stay, and may frequently be unnecessary if significant stenoses of the proximal coronary segments can be ruled out on computed tomography angiography. Moreover, the benefits of pre-emptive coronary revascularization at the time of TAVI are not well defined. Despite these facts and weak guideline recommendations, CA and eventual PCI of stable significant coronary lesions at the time of TAVI remain common practice. However, ongoing randomized trials currently challenge the efficacy of such strategies to enable a more streamlined, individualized, and resource-sparing treatment with TAVI.
Genome‐wide integrated DNA methylome and transcriptome analysis reveals a strong dysregulated myeloid component in the epigenetic landscape of Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Javier Martínez‐López, Lourdes Ortiz‐Fernandez, Elkyn Estupiñán‐Moreno, Martin Kerick, Eduardo Andrés‐León, Laura C Terron‐Camero, Elena Carnero‐Montoro, Guillermo Barturen, Lorenzo Beretta, Isabel Almeida, Marta E. Alarcón‐Riquelme, Esteban Ballestar, Marialbert Acosta‐Herrera, Javier Martín
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2024)

Objective Non‐genetic factors influence Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) pathogenesis, underscoring epigenetics as a relevant contributor to the disease. We aimed to unravel DNA methylation abnormalities associated with SSc through an epigenome‐wide association study (EWAS). Methods We analyzed DNA methylation data from whole blood samples in 179 SSc patients and 241 unaffected individuals, to identify differentially methylated positions (DMPs) with a FDR&lt;0.05. These results were further integrated with RNA‐seq data from the same patients to assess their functional consequence. Additionally, we examined the impact of DNA methylation changes on transcription factors and analyzed the relationship between alterations of the methylation and gene expression profile and serum proteins levels. Results This analysis yielded 525 DMPs enriched in immune‐related pathways, being leukocyte cell‐cell adhesion the most significant (FDR=4.91x10 ‐9 ), prioritizing integrins as they were exposed by integrating methylome and transcriptome data. Furthermore, through this integrative approach we observed an enrichment of neutrophil related pathways, highlighting this myeloid cell type as a relevant contributor in SSc pathogenesis. In addition, we uncovered novel profibrotic and proinflammatory mechanisms involved in the disease. Finally, the altered epigenetic and transcriptomic signature revealed an increased activity of CCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein (CEBP) transcription factor family in SSc, which is crucial in the myeloid lineage development. Conclusion Our findings uncover the impaired epigenetic regulation of the disease and its impact on gene expression, identifying new molecules for potential clinical applications and improving our understanding of SSc pathogenesis. image