tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Role of 18F-FDG PET/CT Combined With MPI in Cogan’s Syndrome With Multiple Arteritis and Coronary Involvement: A Case Report
Authors: Ying Zhang, Xu Han, Nan Nan, Wei Dong, Hongzhi Mi
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2025)

We present a case of a 49-year-old woman who complained of chest pain after activity for 3 months. She had undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on the left main (LM) and right coronary artery (RCA) for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) 1 year ago. At this admission, a coronary angiogram (CAG) revealed stent restenosis. Then, 99m Tc-Sestamibi myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) and 18 F-FDG PET/CT showed multiple arteritis involving the coronary artery with no obvious myocardial ischemia. This suggests that the patient should be treated with anti-inflammatory measures instead of repeating revascularization caused by persistent stent stenosis, making this an extremely rare case of Cogan’s syndrome (CS).
Intense Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen Avid Hepatic Metastatic Lesions Shortly After Finishing 6 Cycle Pluvicto Treatment
Authors: Xiaofei Wang, Thomas Hogan, Kody Heubach
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2025)

A 71-year-old man was diagnosed with prostate cancer in 2012. After treatment with hormone, chemo, and combinations subsequently, the baseline prostate-specific membrane antigen PET scan revealed 130+ nodal and osseous metastatic lesions. After 4 doses of pluvicto, a partial response was appreciated. However, new intense prostate-specific membrane antigen avid hepatic lesions occupied around 30% of the liver with poorly differentiated metastatic prostate cancer 55 days after the last dose of pluvicto and markedly elevated prostate-specific antigen. This case highlights the need for vigilant monitoring and alternative treatment strategies.
The Appearance of a Secondary Bone Lesion in Place of Nonspecific Vertebral Anomalies Related to Mediastinal Venous Thrombosis: Coincidence?
Authors: Chloé François, Vincent Leroy, Franck Demailly, Guillaume Collet, Clémence Parsy, Alexandre Fagart
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2025)

A 66-year-old woman with locally advanced lung adenocarcinoma underwent FDG-PET/CT, which revealed superior vena cava invasion and thrombosis of the brachiocephalic veins. Tracer injection on the side of thrombosis demonstrated hypermetabolism in the dorsal spine, likely due to collateral venous drainage. Following chemoradiotherapy and early discontinuation of immunotherapy for toxicity, she developed cervicobrachial neuralgia 18 months later. MRI showed marrow replacement lesions and FDG-PET/CT identified bone recurrence at D1, correlating with previously nonspecific fixation abnormalities. This case raises the question of whether vertebral venous stasis may favor metastatic grafting and highlights the potential need for contralateral FDG injection.
18F-FDG PET/CT Findings in Idiopathic Hypertrophic Pachymeningitis with Cranial Nerves Dysfunction
Authors: Nur Aydinbelge Dizdar, Ebru Tatci, Ozlem Ozmen
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2025)

Hypertrophic pachymeningitis is an uncommon inflammatory process with thickening of the dura mater and may be idiopathic or secondary to various conditions such as vasculitis, Sjögren syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, sarcoidosis, and infections. A 67-year-old man who presented with bilateral hearing loss, vision loss in the left eye, right-sided facial paralysis, and right-side headache underwent 18 F-FDG PET/CT for further evaluation. Herein, we have presented a patient who showed diffuse increased radiotracer uptake in the cranial nerves and intracranial dura mater on 18 F-FDG PET/CT and was diagnosed as idiopathic hypertrophic pachymeningitis based on laboratory and MRI findings.
68Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT of Glomus Tumor of the Small Bowel
Authors: Vincent Habouzit, Ornella Perotto, Nicolas Maillard, Rémi Grange, Violaine Yvorel
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2025)

A 57-year-old woman had an incidental finding of a hypervascular small bowel lesion on a contrast-enhanced CT scan performed for a suspected renal graft infection. The morphologic features of the lesion were suggestive of a neuroendocrine tumor (NET), but serum chromogranin A and urinary 5-HIAA were negative. 68 Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT showed high SSTR-2 expression in the lesion, suggesting a NET. However, pathologic examination revealed diffuse alpha-smooth muscle actin positivity, consistent with a glomus tumor. This case highlights the utility of PET/CT for in vivo molecular tumor characterization and the challenge of distinguishing between different tumor types with overlapping molecular targets.
Environmental triggers of psoriasis: insights from a UK patient-reported cohort (mySkin)
Authors: Madeline Kroah-Hartman, John Y W Lee, Niamh Dooley, Wei Ren Tan, Maaike F M Mineur, Alexandra Paolino, Jade Pizzato, Freya Jackson-Duffy, Kingsley Powell, Manpreet K Sagoo, Georgia Sewell, Camille Lancelot, Lucy Moorhead, Helen McAteer, Bolaji Coker, John Weinman, Jonathan N Barker, Sarah Chapman, Sam Norton, Catherine H Smith, Satveer K Mahil
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2025)

We developed mySkin, an online platform that captures self-report information from people with psoriasis across the UK, to improve our knowledge on the environmental determinants of psoriasis. In this cross-sectional analysis of the first 529 participants, stress was the most commonly reported trigger for both the onset and worsening of disease. Within individuals, triggers for psoriasis onset also often triggered disease worsening. We did not observe a clear association between different triggers to psoriasis onset and subsequent disease severity. These findings highlight the value of patient self-report data to deliver valuable insights into the role of environmental triggers and may inform early intervention strategies to mitigate against triggers of disease progression.
Insulin Resistance in Type 1 Diabetes: Pathophysiological, Clinical, and Therapeutic Relevance
Authors: Maria Apostolopoulou, Vaia Lambadiari, Michael Roden, George D Dimitriadis
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2025)

People with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are usually considered to exclusively exhibit β-cell failure, but they frequently also feature insulin resistance. This review discusses the mechanisms, clinical features, and therapeutic relevance of insulin resistance by focusing mainly on human studies using gold-standard techniques (euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp). In T1D, tissue-specific insulin resistance can develop early and sustain throughout disease progression. The underlying pathophysiology is complex, involving both metabolic- and autoimmune-related factors operating synergistically. Insulin treatment may play an important pathogenic role in predisposing individuals with T1D to insulin resistance. However, the established lifestyle-related risk factors and peripheral insulin administration inducing glucolipotoxicity, hyperinsulinemia, hyperglucagonemia, inflammation, mitochondrial abnormalities, and oxidative stress cannot always fully explain insulin resistance in T1D, suggesting a phenotype distinct from type 2 diabetes. The mutual interaction between insulin resistance and impaired endothelial function further contributes to diabetes-related complications. Insulin resistance should therefore be considered a treatment target in T1D. Aside from lifestyle modifications, continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion can ameliorate insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, thereby improving glucose toxicity compared with multiple injection insulin treatment. Among other concepts, metformin, pioglitazone, incretin-based drugs such as GLP-1 receptor agonists, sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitors, and pramlintide can improve insulin resistance, either directly or indirectly. However, considering the current issues of high cost, side effects, limited efficacy, and their off-label status, these agents in people with T1D are not widely used in routine clinical care at present.
Mapping snoRNA-target RNA interactions in an RNA-binding protein-dependent manner with chimeric eCLIP
Authors: Zhuoyi Song, Bongmin Bae, Simon Schnabl, Fei Yuan, Thareendra De Zoysa, Maureen V. Akinyi, Charlotte A. Le Roux, Karine Choquet, Amanda J. Whipple, Eric L. Van Nostrand
Journal: Genome biology (2025)

Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are non-coding RNAs that function in ribosome and spliceosome biogenesis, primarily by guiding modifying enzymes to specific sites on ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and spliceosomal RNA (snRNA). However, many orphan snoRNAs remain uncharacterized, with unidentified or unvalidated targets, and studies on additional snoRNA-associated proteins are limited. We adapted an enhanced chimeric eCLIP approach to comprehensively profile snoRNA-target RNA interactions using both core and accessory snoRNA-binding proteins as baits. Using core snoRNA-binding proteins, we confirmed most annotated snoRNA-rRNA and snoRNA-snRNA interactions in mouse and human cell lines and called novel, high-confidence interactions for orphan snoRNAs. While some of these interactions result in chemical modification, others may have modification-independent functions. We showed that snoRNA ribonucleoprotein complexes containing certain accessory proteins, like WDR43 and NOLC1, enriched for specific subsets of snoRNA-target RNA interactions with distinct roles in ribosome and spliceosome biogenesis. Notably, we discovered that SNORD89 guides 2′-O-methylation at two neighboring sites in U2 snRNA that fine-tune splice site recognition. Chimeric eCLIP of snoRNA-associating proteins enables a comprehensive framework for studying snoRNA-target interactions in an RNA-binding protein-dependent manner, revealing novel interactions and regulatory roles in RNA biogenesis.
Update on Retinoblastoma Predisposition and Surveillance Recommendations for Children
Authors: Junne Kamihara, Jaclyn Schienda, Rose B. McGee, Danielle Novetsky. Friedman, Surya P. Rednam, Jack J. Brzezinski, Sun Young Kim, Kerri D. Becktell, Philip J. Lupo, Brenda L. Gallie, Mary-Louise C. Greer, Jordan R. Hansford, Garrett M. Brodeur
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2025)

Abstract Hereditary retinoblastoma is a classic cancer predisposition syndrome with risks beginning in early infancy. About 45% of children with retinoblastoma (RB) have hereditary disease. These children are at risk for both intraocular disease as well as additional neoplasms throughout their lifetime. Germline pathogenic variants (GPVs) in RB1 typically lead to bilateral intraocular disease, elevated risks of trilateral RB, and risks of subsequent malignant neoplasms (non-ocular tumors), especially sarcomas and melanomas. There is further increased risk of subsequent malignant neoplasms if radiation treatment is used. Herein, with a reconvening of the AACR Childhood Cancer Predisposition Workshop, we expand on strategies for identifying individuals with hereditary RB, with a focus on testing strategies for children with RB. We also provide updates from previous recommendations. Given the high penetrance of retinal tumors, we review the importance of close intraocular surveillance and consider recent data regarding surveillance for subsequent malignant neoplasms. Finally, we discuss the importance of counseling for survivors of intraocular disease to address risks of adult-onset tumors as well as to consider reproductive risks.
Implications of portal vein/superior mesenteric vein involvement in pancreatic cancer: a comprehensive correlation from preoperative radiological assessment to resection, pathology, and long-term outcomes: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Hyeong Seok Kim, Hochang Chae, Soo Yeun Lim, HyeJeong Jeong, So Jeong Yoon, Sang Hyun Shin, InWoong Han, Jin Seok Heo, Hongbeom Kim
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2025)

Background: The incidence of portal vein/superior mesenteric vein (PV/SMV) resection during pancreatoduodenectomy is increasing in clinical practice. This study investigated the clinical significance of preoperative PV/SMV assessment and intraoperative resection and their correlation with pathological results and long-term survival outcomes. Methods: We analyzed 443 patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy at a tertiary center from 2012 to 2017 based on PV/SMV resection. Subgroup analyses were performed based on preoperative PV/SMV involvement, resection, and margin status. Results: Total of 441 patients were analyzed; 175 had PV/SMV involvement on preoperative radiological assessments and 128 underwent PV/SMV resection. True pathological invasion was observed in 78 patients (60.9%), with 34.3% showing no invasion and negative margins. The positive predictive value for preoperative PV/SMV involvement was 61.7%, with a false-negative value of 28.9%. Overall survival of patients who underwent PV/SMV resection was worse than those who did not (2-year survival rate, 38.1% vs 54.9%, P &lt; 0.001). Patients without PV/SMV resection with an rR1/R1 margin showed no decrease in survival compared to those with PV/SMV resection and R0 margins (54.9% vs 40.3%, P = 0.029). Prognostic factors included hypertension, PV/SMV resection, PV/SMV R2 margin, T stage, N stage, cell differentiation, adjuvant treatment, and recurrence. Conclusion: PV/SMV resection could ensure R0 resection but may lead to unnecessary resection. Careful consideration is essential in determining the need for PV/SMV resection. Poor survival in such patients highlights the need for tailored treatments, including neoadjuvant therapy, for those who are expected to undergo PV/SMV resections.
Laparoscopic simulation training improves operating room performance of surgical residents: a multicenter randomized trial (NOVICE)
Authors: Michael Thomaschewski, Reinhard Vonthein, Tobias Keck, Tilman Laubert, Claudia Benecke
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2025)

Background: Learning basic laparoscopic skills can be efficiently performed ex vivo in a safe environment using simulation devices. However, in many countries, the broad and mandatory implementation of ex vivo laparoscopic simulation training in surgical residency is still lacking. The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of laparoscopic basic skills simulation training on the surgical performance of residents during their first laparoscopic procedures in the operating room. Methods: This was a multicenter, prospective, randomized, two-arm, single-blind trial. The study recruited first-year surgical residents (NOVICE) with no previous personal experience in laparoscopic surgery. After the participants had performed their first laparoscopic cholecystectomy, they were randomized into two groups: the intervention group underwent six weeks of standardized laparoscopic basic skills simulation training (Lübeck Toolbox Curriculum), whereas the control group did not. After six weeks, both groups performed a second cholecystectomy. The videotapes of the first and second cholecystectomies were evaluated blinded based on the Global Operative Assessment of Laparoscopic Skill (GOALS) score. The primary endpoint was the changes in the GOALS scores between the first and second cholecystectomies. Results: 22 surgical residents from 11 surgical clinics in Germany were included, and 4 residents dropped out. The median improvement in the LTB-Curriculum group between CHE I and CHE II was 8.5 GOALS score points in contrast to 2 points in the control group. This difference was statistically significant (95%CI: 1–15 points, P = 0.013). Conclusion: Ex-vivo training in basic laparoscopic skills significantly improved the surgical performance of residents during their first laparoscopic cholecystectomies in the operating room.
Augmented reality guided versus computed tomography guided percutaneous lung nodule localization: a noninferiority randomized clinical trial
Authors: Zuodong Song, Yin Li, Qing Tian, Chao Sun, Hongfeng Liu, Kongyong Chong, Qian Zhang, Jianeng Chen, Pengchong Li, Liwei Song, Davide Tosi, Min P. Kim, Lin Zhebing, Qingquan Luo, Lingming Yu, Xinghua Cheng
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2025)

Hypothesis: This study hypothesized that augmented reality (AR) technology has comparable accuracy and safety to conventional CT localization in guiding percutaneous transthoracic lung puncture (PTLP) to localize small pulmonary nodules. Methods: This study was a prospective, non-inferiority randomized clinical trial. Patients were randomly assigned between 23 May 2023, and 26 September 2023. Patients with small peripheral lung nodules (≤2 cm) were recruited. Patients were randomly assigned to either the CT-guided PTLP group or the AR-guided PTLP group, with a 1:1 allocation ratio. The primary outcome was the accuracy of lung nodule localization measured by localization error. The secondary outcomes included procedure duration, radiation exposure dosage and complications. Results: A total of 70 patients underwent either CT- or AR-guided lung nodule localization and subsequent surgeries. Localization error was smaller in the AR-guided group than in the CT-guided group (mean ± SD, 3.1 ± 4.0 mm vs. 5.4 ± 4.2 mm, P = 0.026). The mean difference of localization errors was −2.3 mm (95% CI: − 4.2 to −0.3 mm, P &lt; 0.001 for non-inferiority). Compared to the CT-guided group, the AR-guided group demonstrated significantly lower radiation exposure (mean ± SD, 421 ± 168 vs. 694 ± 229 mGy × cm, P &lt; 0.001) and shorter localization procedure duration (mean ± SD, 8.8 ± 2.3 vs. 14.1 ± 1.8 minutes, P &lt; 0.001), with no statistical difference in complications. Conclusions: The accuracy of the AR-guided approach is comparable to that of the CT-guided approach in localizing small lung nodules. Furthermore, the utilization of AR technology has been demonstrated to reduce procedural time and minimize radiation exposure for patients.
Incidence and Factors Associated With Recurrent Pericarditis in Lupus
Authors: Yoo Jin Kim, Jana Lovell, Alaa Diab, Laurence S. Magder, Daniel Goldman, Michelle Petri, Andrea Fava, Luigi Adamo
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2025)

Importance Pericarditis is the most common cardiac manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and is known to recur among patients. However, the prevalence of and risk factors associated with recurrent pericarditis in patients with SLE were unknown. Objective To investigate the frequency of and risk factors associated with the recurrence of pericarditis in patients with SLE. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study was a retrospective analysis of a well-characterized, single-center prospective cohort of a diverse group patients with SLE treated at a tertiary medical center and enrolled between 1988 and 2023. Patients diagnosed with pericarditis among those enrolled in the Hopkins Lupus Cohort were included. Data were analyzed from April 2023 and May 2024. Main Outcomes and Measures Recurrence of pericarditis was assessed. The Safety of Estrogens in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus National Assessment revision of the SLE Disease Activity Index (SELENA-SLEDAI) was used to define pericarditis. Clinical information was examined for all follow-up encounters after the first episode of pericarditis. Episodes that occurred at least 6 weeks after the first recorded episode were defined as recurrent . Results Of 2931 patients within the Hopkins Lupus Cohort, 590 patients had a history of pericarditis (257 patients aged &amp;amp;lt;30 years at first episode [43.6%]; 535 women [90.5%]; 303 Black [51.4%] and 253 White [42.9%]). In 21 patients (3.6), the diagnosis of pericarditis was confirmed via electrocardiogram or dedicated imaging, with 100% concordance between clinical and database diagnoses. During a median (IQR) follow-up of 6.7 (2.5-13.6) years and a total of 5277 years of follow-up, 120 patients (20.3%) experienced recurrent pericarditis (recurrence rate = 0.053 recurrences; 95% CI, 0.047-0.059 recurrences per person-year of follow-up). Among patients with recurrence, most patients (61 individuals [50.8%]) experienced only 1 recurrence, whereas 59 patients (49.2%) had 2 or more recurrences. In multivariable analysis, factors associated with recurrence included younger age (≥60 vs &amp;amp;lt;40 years: rate ratio [RR], 0.11; 95% CI, 0.04-0.32), treatment with prednisone (≥20 mg vs 0 mg: RR, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.17-3.40), active SLE disease (SLEDAI ≥3 vs 0: RR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.21-2.00), and time since initial episode (3-10 years vs &amp;amp;lt;1 year: RR, 0.32; 95% CI, 0.20-0.52). Conclusions and Relevance In this study, recurrence was more likely within 1 year of the onset of pericarditis and among younger patients, those with uncontrolled disease, and those receiving oral prednisone therapy, with a dose-dependent association. These findings may set the basis for future studies to define optimal treatment for recurrent pericarditis in patients with SLE and suggest that oral corticosteroids should be avoided when treating pericarditis in patients with SLE.
Suicide Risk Detection and Prevention—How the VHA Can Advance the Evidence
Authors: Rebecca C. Rossom
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2025)

Kevin G. Saulnier, PhD; Courtney L. Bagge, PhD; Dara Ganoczy, MPH; Nazanin H. Bahraini, PhD; Jennifer Jagusch, MSW; Avinash Hosanagar, MD; Mark A. Ilgen, PhD; Paul N. Pfeiffer, MD
Facilitating Patient Portal Shared Access to Support Age-Friendly Health Care
Authors: Shasha Han
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2025)

Kelly T. Gleason, PhD, RN; Catherine M. DesRoches, DrPH; Mingche M. J. Wu, MSPH; Danielle Peereboom, MPH; Vadim Dukhanin, MD, MHS; Timothy W. Farrell, MD; Matthew J. Gonzales, MD; Saloni Sharma, PhD; Supriya G. Mohile, MD, MS; Sara Epstein, MPH; Mark A. Supiano, MD; Marianne C. Parshley, MD; David L. Roth, PhD; Jennifer L. Wolff, PhD, MHS; Shared Access Project Team; Elizabeth Salmi; Martha Kenyon; Deborah Wachenheim; Kathleen Fear
Rademikibart Treatment for Moderate-to-Severe, Uncontrolled Asthma: A Phase 2B Randomized Trial
Authors: Edward Kerwin, Ting Yang, Nan Su, Jiawang Guo, Radha Adivikolanu, Malinda Longphre, Junying Wang, Jili Yun, Wuban Pan, Zheng Wei, Raúl Collazo
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2025)

Rademikibart (formerly CBP-201) is an IL-4Rα-targeting antibody. To evaluate rademikibart in adults with moderate-to-severe, persistent, uncontrolled asthma. In this global phase 2b trial (NCT04773678), 322 patients were randomized 1:1:1 to two rademikibart groups (150 mg or 300 mg every other week, following a 600 mg loading dose) or placebo, administered subcutaneously, for 24 weeks. Prebronchodilator (trough) forced expiratory volume in the first second of expiration (FEV1) at Week 12 (primary endpoint) improved with rademikibart 150 mg and 300 mg: least squares mean changes (95% CI), above placebo, were +140 mL (+44-236 mL; p=0.005) and +189 mL (+92-286 mL; p<0.001), respectively. Prebronchodilator trough FEV1 improvements occurred rapidly during Week 1, were sustained through Week 24, and greatest in patients with high baseline blood eosinophils (patients with ≥300 eosinophils/mL experienced placebo-adjusted FEV1 improvement at Week 24 of +420 mL [95% CI, +239-600 mL] in the 300 mg group). Rapid and sustained statistically significant improvements were also observed in percent predicted FEV1 and Asthma Control Questionnaire score across 24 weeks. Through Week 24, proportions of patients with ≥1 exacerbation were 7.5% (150 mg) and 9.3% (300 mg) vs 16.7% (placebo). 88% of patients completed treatment. Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were generally similar to placebo, and no eosinophilia was observed. Injection site reactions were mostly mild. The most common TEAEs (10-12% of patients) were cough, COVID-19, and dyspnea. Rapid and sustained improvements in lung function and asthma control were gained across 24 weeks of rademikibart therapy. Clinical trial registration available at www. gov, ID: NCT04773678.