Abstract 2223: Cancer risk factors and nativity: Lifestyle and sociodemographic disparities among us-born and non-us-born residents and by length of residence in the US
Authors: LaShae D. Rolle, Melissa Lopez-Pentecost, Reanna Clavon, Atif Bhatti, Zuhair Khan, Tracy E. Crane
Journal: Cancer Research (2024)

Abstract Background: Previous studies have found racial/ethnic disparities in cancer and cancer-related risk factors. However, the relationship between US nativity status and cancer risk is not well understood. This study aimed to determine the relationship between cancer risk factors, including lifestyle behaviors, demographic characteristics, and nativity status, among US residents. Methods: We used data from the 2010 and 2015 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). All analyses accounted for the NHIS complex survey design. Our sample consisted of 31,252 US-Born and non-US-born residents. Regression models were employed to assess the association of US nativity with various lifestyle and demographic variables, adjusting for potential confounders such as age, race, sex, education, income, and employment status. Results: In our sample, 25,153 (82.73%) were US-born. Among non-US-born respondents (n=6,099), 35.13% have resided in the US for less than 15 years, and 64.87% for greater than 15 years. 80.19% of US-born individuals identified as non-Hispanic White (NHW), followed by non-Hispanic Blacks (NHB) (11.71%), and Hispanics (8.10%). For non-US-born residents, 63.67% identified as Hispanic, followed by NHW (24.21%), and NHB (12.12%). Non-US-born individuals had lower odds of consuming red meat (aOR=0.60, 95% CI: 0.47-0.75), and processed meat (aOR=0.36, 95% CI: 0.31-0.43) compared to their US-born counterparts. Notably, non-US-born individuals had significantly higher odds of never smoking (aOR=1.58, 95% CI: 1.35-1.83), never drinking (aOR=2.45, 95% CI: 2.05-2.93), and consuming grains (aOR=1.45, 95% CI: 1.25-1.68) in comparison to US-born individuals. Conversely, non-US-born individuals had lower odds of meeting physical activity guidelines (aOR=0.77, 95% CI: 0.59-0.99), and consuming fruits (aOR=0.86, 95% CI: 0.74-0.99), and consuming vegetables (aOR=0.83, 95% CI: 0.71-0.97). Additionally, non-US-born respondents had higher odds of being overweight/obese compared to normal weight (aOR=1.36, 95% CI: 1.16-1.60) compared to US-born respondents. When considering the length of time in the US, non-US-born residents with greater than 15 years of residence had lower odds of being normal weight compared to overweight/obese (aOR=0.78, 95% CI: 0.63-0.97), and never drinking alcohol (aOR=0.73, 95% CI: 0.56-0.93). Discussion: These disparities highlight the association of nativity and length of residence on health-related behaviors and outcomes in the United States, and the need for targeted public health interventions considering nativity and residency duration to address these health disparities. Citation Format: LaShae D. Rolle, Melissa Lopez-Pentecost, Reanna Clavon, Atif Bhatti, Zuhair Khan, Tracy E. Crane. Cancer risk factors and nativity: Lifestyle and sociodemographic disparities among us-born and non-us-born residents and by length of residence in the US [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 2223.