tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Metabolism of the Fasting Steer.
Authors: Francis Gano Benedict, Ernest George Ritzman
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Manual of Diseases of the Ear, Nose and Throat.
Authors: John Johnson Kyle
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
CMET-21. THE ROLE OF BRAIN METASTASIS FREE INTERVAL IN PATIENTS WITH BRAIN METASTASES OF BREAST CARCINOMA
Authors: Alexander Hulsbergen, Nayan Lamba, An Claes, Vasileios Kavouridis, Timothy Smith, Joost Verhoeff, Marike Broekman
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2018)

In patients with brain metastases of breast cancer (BMBC), time interval between primary tumor diagnosis and appearance of first brain metastasis varies widely. This brain metastasis free interval (BMFI) is a readily available parameter and has been suggested by some to be of prognostic value. The aim of this study is to compare characteristics between patients with different BMFIs and determine if BMFI is a prognostic factor for overall survival in BMBC. We retrospectively reviewed a multi-institutional neurosurgical/radiation oncological database of female patients who were treated for BMBC between 1996 and 2017. Cox proportional hazards model and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to determine prognostic value for survival. A total of 503 patients were included. Median age at first brain metastasis was 52 (interquartile range (IQR) 45–58). Median BMFI was 38 months (IQR: 18 - 66) and median overall survival was 17 months (IQR 8 - 31). In univariate cox proportional hazards model, age at brain metastasis, tumor subtype, and the presence of liver or lung metastases were significantly associated with overall survival. BMFI > 3 years was not associated with a longer overall survival (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.13, p = .21). In multivariate analysis, only subtype (luminal-her2 versus triple negative, HR = .77, p = .02) and the presence of liver metastases (HR = 1.36, p = .01) were prognostic for overall survival. Again, no significant association with BMFI was found (HR = .99, p = .91). CONCLUSIONS: In this large, retrospective cohort, patients with a long BMFI had a similar overall survival when compared to those with a shorter interval.
The failings of NICE
Authors: M. D Rawlins
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Editor—Restrictions on space prevent me replying here in full to Smith's editorial1; my complete response is published on the National Institute of Clinical Excellence (NICE) website (www.nice.org.uk).

The institute's purpose is to offer health professionals guidance on the use of technologies, based on rigorous reviews of the available evidence for clinical and cost effectiveness. In doing so, it takes the following six matters into account:



The clinical needs of patients in relation to other available technologies; this is an overriding issue, where the evidence base for clinical effectiveness is crucial


NHS priorities; this is a relative, but not an absolute, criterion


The broad balance between benefits and costs, incorporating both clinical and cost effectiveness


The potential impact on other NHS resources


The encouragement of innovation


Guidance from ministers on the resources available.




The last point exists should it be required; the institute has not yet received any such guidance. In the event that a technology meets the institute's appraisal criteria but is unaffordable with the resources available, it is a matter for parliament, not the institute, to decide resource allocations. If the institute were to be given such advice on resources, the transparent process that we follow (see www.nice.org.uk) ensures that it would be apparent.

Issues about cost effectiveness inform, but are not the sole determinant of, the institute's guidance. The institute seeks evidence from, consults with, and offers the right of appeal to professional and patient organisations while developing its guidance. The appraisal committee's members (who include patient representatives) are entirely independent and could not, as Smith insultingly alleges, be manipulated by “nods and winks.” The NHS Plan indicated that the institute should in addition establish a citizen's council, which will inform value judgments, such as the priority that the NHS should give to future guidelines on in vitro fertilisation.

Finally, the institute did not recommend the use of zanamivir in at risk patients merely because “the drug would reduce symptoms . . . from 6 to 5 days.”2 We knew this, and published it as part of our original guidance.3 Following our full appraisal of zanamivir, additional evidence (which is in the public domain; see www.nice.org.uk) in patients for whom the complications of flu can lead to serious illness persuaded the appraisal committee that the use of this product could prevent the development of secondary complications and should be recommended to the NHS.
Treatment of advanced NSCLC (Stage IIIB and IV) with low dose gemcitabine and carboplatin
Authors: P. M. Parikh, P. Narayanan, R. C. Mistry, J. P. Agarwal, V. R. Pai, R. Nair, S. Gupta, P. S. Sastry, A. Vora, K. A. Dinshaw
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

7306 Background: NSCLC is a common malignancy worldwide-including developing countries like India. The standard treatment of advanced stage NSCLC is platinum doublet chemotherapy, one of the most active being Gemcitabine- platinum combination. Gemcitabine requires conversion by deoxycytidine kinase into its active metabolite. This rate limiting step can be circumvented by prolonging infusion duration. Methods: In the present study we treated 72 patients having advanced stage NSCLC with low dose prolonged infusion Gemcitabine (350mg/m2 over 4 hours, Day1and Day 8) and standard dose Carboplatin (AUC-5, Day 1 only) repeated every 3 weeks for maximum 6 cycles. Results: The median age was 53 years (range 30 -79) with 26 patients (36.11%) being ≥ 60 years. There were 60 (83.11%) males and 12 females. The stage wise distribution was 32 (45%) with Stage IV and 40 (55.55%) with Stage IIIB. All 6 cycles were completed in 90% of patients. In 7 cases, chemotherapy was discontinued prematurely due to progressive disease or personal reasons. Two patients had complete response, partial response was seen in 36 (50%), stable disease in 22 (30.55%) and progressive disease in 12 (16.66%; 7 cases while on chemotherapy and 5 cases subsequently) giving overall response of 52.7%. There was no treatment related mortality. Dose reduction was required during 18 of 415 cycles, all being due to hematological toxicity (Grade III in 8 and Grade IV in 10 instances). In the ≥ 60 years old group 13 (50%) had a partial response, and dose reduction due to hematological toxicity was required in 7 out of 150 instances. The patients are being followed up for survival data. Conclusions: Low dose prolonged infusion gemcitabine and standard dose carboplatin combination is effective in advanced NSCLC. Its toxicity profile is very favourable and is safe even in the elderly. This scheduling can result in substantial saving (66%) of Gemcitabine cost. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Urology in General Practice
Authors: Alex. E. Roche
Journal: BMJ (1943)

This little treatise attempts to present in simple terms the problems of urology which confront the general physician. Special problems of surgical technic and the like are not gone into. The discussions are brief and simple and to the reviewer seem useful. For example, a chapter on "catheters and sounds—their uses and dangers" can surely be read with profit. Some of the material on medical problems, such as nephritis, is sketchy and perhaps less useful. The book is well illustrated and has an index.
A Startling Decline
Authors: Anand Vaidya, Brigid M. Dolan, Brian L. Edlow, Mikael L. Rinne, Scott M. McGinnis
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

An 89-year-old man presented with changes in cognition and personality. Six months earlier, he began to require help managing his finances and operating his computer. His family observed that he had a poor memory for recent events and found it difficult to express himself. During the next few months, he became increasingly irritable and began to engage in some unusual behaviors, . . .
Prognostic factors for progression free and overall survival in advanced GIST: Results from the BFR14 phase III trial of the French Sarcoma Group
Authors: I. Ray-Coquard, D. Pérol, B. N. G. Bui, F. Duffaud, M. Rios, P. Viens, C. Robert, P. Berthaud, A. Le Cesne, J. Y. Blay For The Group Sarcome Francais
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

9035 Background: The aim of this work was to investigate factors predicting overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) in the BFR14 study, a prospective multicentric phase III trial of continuous vs. interrupted imatinib treatment in advanced GIST. Interestingly, Van Glabbeke et al (CTOS 2004, abstract 290), using the EORTC 62005 trial reported hemoglobin level and granulocyte count as predictive factors for resistance to imatinib. Prognostic factors for survival were therefore investigated. Methods: The BFR14 study was initiated in June 2002. Patients (pts) free from progression after 1 year of imatinib 400 mg/day were randomly offered to continue or interrupt imatinib until progression disease. As of December 2004, survival data were obtained from 198 pts enrolled into the study. OS, defined as the time from the date of inclusion to the date of death, was estimated on all 198 pts. PFS, defined as the time from the date of inclusion to the date of disease progression or death, did not consider pts (n = 32) allocated to the interruption arm. Investigated prognostic variables were age, gender, performance status (PS), original site disease, site of metastases at trial entry, immune phenotype CD34, hemoglobin, creatinine, PAL, LDH level, thrombocytes, lymphocytes and granulocytes count. Independent prognostic factors of OS and PFS were respectively identified by a Cox regression analysis. Results: OS was independently predicted by elevated lymphocytes count (HR: 1.25, 95% CI 1.05–1.49), negative immune phenotype CD34 (HR: 5.18, 95% CI 1.98–13.6), and PS ≥ 1 (HR: 5.32, 95% CI 1.75–16.2). Liver metastasis (HR: 0.40, 95% CI 0.20–0.83) and CD34 positivity on tumor cells (HR: 0.45, 95% CI 0.22–0.93) were the two only independent prognostic factors of a higher PFS. Conclusions: OS and PFS are predicted by different parameter in this series. More curiously an immune phenotype CD 34 was correlated to PFS and OS in pts treated with imatinib. Supported by Grants from Novartis Pharma, Centre Léon Bérard, Cancéropole Lyon Rhône Alpes, and Ligue contre le Cancer du Rhône. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Novartis Novartis
Training inadequate in paediatric resuscitation
Authors: K F H Teale
Journal: BMJ (1994)

SHOs: the lost tribesTroubled SHOs should seek counselling EDITOR,-At the meeting on senior house officers reported on by Luisa Dillnerl several speakers said that junior doctors were reluctant to contact the National Counselling Service for Sick Doctors for fear that their consultants or referees would hear of their difficulties.I wish to
Adjuvant radiotherapy use in a population-based sample of breast cancer patients
Authors: R. Jagsi, P. Abrahamse, J. J. Griggs, S. J. Katz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

617 Background: Previous studies have suggested underutilization and socioeconomic disparities in use of adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) among patients with breast cancer. However, these studies used registry data which may be incomplete. Methods: We evaluated data from 2260 survey respondents with nonmetastatic breast cancer, aged 20–79 years, diagnosed from June 2005-February 2007 in Detroit and Los Angeles and reported to SEER registries (72% response rate). Survey responses regarding treatment and sociodemographic factors were merged to SEER data. Rates of RT receipt were based on patient report. Patients were divided into 3 populations: DCIS pts undergoing breast conservation (BCS), invasive pts undergoing BCS, and invasive pts undergoing mastectomy. These were then stratified based on recurrence risk in the absence of RT (3 groups based on tumor size and grade for DCIS pts, 2 groups separating pts over 70 with Stage I, ER+ tumors from others undergoing BCS for invasive disease, and 3 groups based on tumor size and nodal status for those undergoing mastectomy for invasive disease). Results: Among 306 pts undergoing BCS for DCIS, 85.6% received RT (77.9% of pts at low recurrence risk, 84.8% at intermediate risk, and 95.8% at high risk). Among 1018 pts undergoing BCS for invasive disease, 93.6% received RT (83.6% of low-risk patients and 94.9% of others). Among 661 pts undergoing mastectomy for invasive disease, 39.3% received RT (81.5% of pts at high-risk, 44.5% at intermediate-risk, and 12.1% at low risk). In separate multivariate logistic regression models including risk grouping and sociodemographic variables for each population, there were no significant associations between RT receipt and race, education, or income. Among pts receiving RT, delay was reported by 15.9% of the DCIS group, 19.5% of those treated for invasive disease after BCS, and 27.4% of those treated for invasive disease after mastectomy. Conclusions: RT use is high after BCS with little evidence of socioeconomic disparities. But lower than optimal rates after mastectomy even among patients with high expected benefit suggest lingering barriers to effective treatment in these patients. Less RT use in patients with lower expected benefit suggests that legitimate clinical uncertainty influences decision-making. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Vitamin A Requirement of Human Adults: An Experimental Study of Vitamin A Deprivation in Man. A Report of the Vitamin A Sub-Committee of the Accessory Food Factors Committee
Authors: E. M. Hume, H. A. Krebs
Journal: JAMA (1949)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Measles elimination 2010 target: the need to meet the specific risk group
Authors: J. S. Spika
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2006)

Substantial progress has been made within the World Health Organization European Region in recent years towards the measles and rubella elimination targets for 2010. These 2010 targets were set in 2005 by the WHO European Regional Office for Europe, following the approval of the Resolution EUR/RC55/R7 [1,2]. In 2005, 28 (54%) of 52 WHO member states reported a measles incidence of less than 1 per million population (one indicator for measuring measles elimination status) and by 2006, 50 (96%) had introduced rubella vaccine into their national programmes. In 2002, member states began reporting measles cases by age and vaccination status to WHO on a monthly basis [3] and case-based reporting was implemented in 2003. Since that time, the number of countries reporting case-based data has increased from one in 2003 to 23 in 2006. In 2006, countries have been asked to report rubella cases monthly (either aggregate or case-based). The WHO European Region measles/rubella laboratory network has also been strengthened through regular laboratory assessments and proficiency testing and by having subregional meetings.
Teeth and Jaws Roentgenologically Considered.
Authors: Herman A. Osgood
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Milestones in Leukemia Research and Therapy
Authors: Emil J. Freireich, Noreen A. Lemak
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

As the discipline has grown and matured within recent years, books on critical caremedicine have proliferated. Several textbooks, updates, reviews, series, and handbooks are now available to practitioners of this multidisciplinary and multispecialty endeavor. Some volumes are aimed at a particular audience\p=m-\medicalintensive care, pediatric critical care, trauma, etc. However, only a few authors and editors
Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia In Canada: Poor Outcomes In Older Patients Remain
Authors: Matthew D. Seftel, Anna Serebrin, Pascal Lambert, Julie Bergeron, Janeve Everett, Andrea Kew, David Jones, Catherine Meloche, Kristjan Paulson, Mitchell Sabloff, Ismial Sherif, John Storring, Donna Turner
Journal: Blood (2013)
Phytohemagglutinin Response in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Peter D. Utsinger, William J. Yount
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1977)

The phytohemagglutinin (PHA) response of lymphocytes from untreated patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was studied using highly purified subpopulations of cells involved in the transformation response: T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and monocytes. Cell transformation was quantitated using both tritiated thymidine ([3H]-TdR) incorporation into DNA and cytofluorographic determination of cellular DNA content. Dose-response curves using six concentrations of PHA and five concentrations of cells over 0-5 days revealed a decrease in [3H]TdR by stimulated lymphocytes from some SLE patients. This decrease in [3H]TdR was paralleled by a decreased percentage of cells in S, G2, and M phases of the cell cycle. However, abnormal response occurred entirely in those SLE patients who were hypocomplementemic. The etiology of the impaired response was further examined. Lymphocyte receptors for concanavalin A were studied using cytofluorography of lymphocytes stained with fluorescein-conjugated concanavalin A. The frequency distribution of concanavalin A receptors was similar in the normocomplementemic and hypocomplementemic lupus patients and in normals. The latex phagocytic activity of lupus macrophages was similar to normals when allogeneic normal plasma was used in the culture medium. Phagocytic activity became abnormal in the presence of SLE plasma. However, there was no difference in the [3H]TdR response or the percentage of cells in S, G2, and M phases when T lymphocytes from the hypocomplementemic patients were stimulated on either autologous or normal allogeneic monocyte monolayers. Likewise, normal lymphocytes incorporated similar amounts of [3H]TdR and had similar percentages of cells in S, G2, and M phases whether their T lymphocytes were stimulated on autologous or SLE monocyte monolayers. Highly purified subpopulations of B and T lymphocytes were obtained by density sedimentation or Fenwal Leuko-Pak passage of lymphocyte populations. The response to PHA by lymphocytes from the hypocomplementemic lupus patients could be seen to involve at least two abnormalities. One, in reference to normal lymphocytes, SLE T lymphocytes plus monocytes had an impaired response; two, SLE B lymphocytes plus SLE T lymphocytes plus SLE monocytes had an impaired response. Two patients in the hypocomplementemic group were treated with steroids. 5 days after steroid treatment was initiated, the percentage of cells in S, G2, and M phases and the [3H]TdR response of PHA-stimulated lymphocytes returned to normal. The normalization of the [3H]TdR response was explained both by a return of purified T cells plus monocytes, purified B cells plus monocytes, and whole lymphocyte populations to normal responsiveness. These studies suggest that a steroid-correctable defect exists in T and B lymphocytes in SLE.