tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The lived experience of mental disorders in adolescents: a bottom‐up review co‐designed, co‐conducted and co‐written by experts by experience and academics
Authors: Paolo Fusar‐Poli, Andrés Estradé, Cecilia M. Esposito, René Rosfort, Ilaria Basadonne, Milena Mancini, Giovanni Stanghellini, Jummy Otaiku, Oluwadamilola Olanrele, Lucas Allen, Muskan Lamba, Catherine Alaso, Judy Ieri, Margret Atieno, Yvonne Oluoch, Phides Ireri, Ephraim Tembo, Innocent Z. Phiri, Duncan Nkhoma, Noah Sichone, Candy Siadibbi, Pharidah R.I.O. Sundi, Nyathi Ntokozo, Laura Fusar‐Poli, Valentina Floris, Martina M. Mensi, Renato Borgatti, Stefano Damiani, Umberto Provenzani, Natascia Brondino, Ilaria Bonoldi, Joaquim Radua, Kate Cooper, Jae Il Shin, Samuele Cortese, Andrea Danese, Sarah Bendall, Celso Arango, Christoph U. Correll, Mario Maj
Journal: World Psychiatry (2024)

We provide here the first bottom-up review of the lived experience of mental disorders in adolescents co-designed, co-conducted and co-written by experts by experience and academics. We screened first-person accounts within and outside the medical field, and discussed them in collaborative workshops involving numerous experts by experience - representing different genders, ethnic and cultural backgrounds, and continents - and their family members and carers. Subsequently, the material was enriched by phenomenologically informed perspectives and shared with all collaborators. The inner subjective experience of adolescents is described for mood disorders, psychotic disorders, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorders, anxiety disorders, eating disorders, externalizing disorders, and self-harm behaviors. The recollection of individuals' past histories also indexes the prodromal (often transdiagnostic) features predating the psychiatric diagnosis. The experience of adolescents with mental disorders in the wider society is described with respect to their family, their school and peers, and the social and cultural context. Furthermore, their lived experience of mental health care is described with respect to receiving a diagnosis of mental disorder, accessing mental health support, receiving psychopharmacological treatment, receiving psychotherapy, experiencing peer support and mental health activism, and achieving recovery. These findings can impact clinical practice, research, and the whole society. We hope that this co-designed, co-conducted and co-written journey can help us maintain our commitment to protecting adolescents' fragile mental health, and can help them develop into a healthy, fulfilling and contributing adult life.
Absolute and relative outcomes of psychotherapies for eight mental disorders: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Pim Cuijpers, Clara Miguel, Marketa Ciharova, Mathias Harrer, Djordje Basic, Ioana A. Cristea, Nino de Ponti, Ellen Driessen, Jessica Hamblen, Sadie E. Larsen, Minoo Matbouriahi, Davide Papola, Darin Pauley, Constantin Y. Plessen, Rory A. Pfund, Kim Setkowski, Paula P. Schnurr, Wouter van Ballegooijen, Yingying Wang, Heleen Riper, Annemieke van Straten, Marit Sijbrandij, Toshi A. Furukawa, Eirini Karyotaki
Journal: World Psychiatry (2024)

Psychotherapies are first‐line treatments for most mental disorders, but their absolute outcomes (i.e., response and remission rates) are not well studied, despite the relevance of such information for health care users, providers and policy makers. We aimed to examine absolute and relative outcomes of psychotherapies across eight mental disorders: major depressive disorder (MDD), social anxiety disorder, panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), specific phobia, post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), obsessive‐compulsive disorder (OCD), and borderline personality disorder (BPD). We used a series of living systematic reviews included in the Metapsy initiative ( www.metapsy.org ), with a common strategy for literature search, inclusion of studies and extraction of data, and a common format for the analyses. Literature search was conducted in major bibliographical databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, and the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials) up to January 1, 2023. We included randomized controlled trials comparing psychotherapies for any of the eight mental disorders, established by a diagnostic interview, with a control group (waitlist, care‐as‐usual, or pill placebo). We conducted random‐effects model pairwise meta‐analyses. The main outcome was the absolute rate of response (at least 50% symptom reduction between baseline and post‐test) in the treatment and control conditions. Secondary outcomes included the relative risk (RR) of response, and the number needed to treat (NNT). Random‐effects meta‐analyses of the included 441 trials (33,881 patients) indicated modest response rates for psychotherapies: 0.42 (95% CI: 0.39‐0.45) for MDD; 0.38 (95% CI: 0.33‐0.43) for PTSD; 0.38 (95% CI: 0.30‐0.47) for OCD; 0.38 (95% CI: 0.33‐0.43) for panic disorder; 0.36 (95% CI: 0.30‐0.42) for GAD; 0.32 (95% CI: 0.29‐0.37) for social anxiety disorder; 0.32 (95% CI: 0.23‐0.42) for specific phobia; and 0.24 (95% CI: 0.15‐0.36) for BPD. Most sensitivity analyses broadly supported these findings. The RRs were significant for all disorders, except BPD. Our conclusion is that most psychotherapies for the eight mental disorders are effective compared with control conditions, but absolute response rates are modest. More effective treatments and interventions for those not responding to a first‐line treatment are needed.
Ponatinib‐review of historical development, current status, and future research
Authors: Hagop M. Kantarjian, Helen T. Chifotides, Fadi G. Haddad, Nicholas J. Short, Sanam Loghavi, Elias Jabbour
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2024)

Ponatinib is a third-generation BCR::ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) with high potency against Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)-positive leukemias, including T315I-mutated disease, which is resistant to first- and second-generation TKIs. Ponatinib was approved for T315I-mutated chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), CML resistant/intolerant to ≥2 prior TKIs, advanced phase CML and Ph-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) where no other TKIs are indicated, and T315I-mutated CML and Ph-positive ALL. The response-based dosing of ponatinib in chronic phase CML (CP-CML) improved treatment tolerance and reduced the risk of toxicities, including cardiovascular risks. Ponatinib-based therapy also resulted in significantly better outcomes in frontline Ph-positive ALL compared with prior TKIs and is becoming a new standard of care in this setting. As the clinical development of third-generation TKIs and their rational combinations progresses, we envision further transformative changes in the treatment of CML and Ph-positive ALL.
Philosophy of psychiatry: theoretical advances and clinical implications
Authors: Dan J. Stein, Kris Nielsen, Anna Hartford, Anne‐Marie Gagné‐Julien, Shane Glackin, Karl Friston, Mario Maj, Peter Zachar, Awais Aftab
Journal: World Psychiatry (2024)

Work at the intersection of philosophy and psychiatry has an extensive and influential history, and has received increased attention recently, with the emergence of professional associations and a growing literature. In this paper, we review key advances in work on philosophy and psychiatry, and their related clinical implications. First, in understanding and categorizing mental disorder, both naturalist and normativist considerations are now viewed as important – psychiatric constructs necessitate a consideration of both facts and values. At a conceptual level, this integrative view encourages moving away from strict scientism to soft naturalism, while in clinical practice this facilitates both evidence‐based and values‐based mental health care. Second, in considering the nature of psychiatric science, there is now increasing emphasis on a pluralist approach, including ontological, explanatory and value pluralism. Conceptually, a pluralist approach acknowledges the multi‐level causal interactions that give rise to psychopathology, while clinically it emphasizes the importance of a broad range of “difference‐makers”, as well as a consideration of “lived experience” in both research and practice. Third, in considering a range of questions about the brain‐mind, and how both somatic and psychic factors contribute to the development and maintenance of mental disorders, conceptual and empirical work on embodied cognition provides an increasingly valuable approach. Viewing the brain‐mind as embodied, embedded and enactive offers a conceptual approach to the mind‐body problem that facilitates the clinical integration of advances in both cognitive‐affective neuroscience and phenomenological psychopathology.
Impact of air pollution and climate change on mental health outcomes: an umbrella review of global evidence
Authors: Joaquim Radua, Michele De Prisco, Vincenzo Oliva, Giovanna Fico, Eduard Vieta, Paolo Fusar‐Poli
Journal: World Psychiatry (2024)

The impact of air pollution and climate change on mental health has recently raised strong concerns. However, a comprehensive overview analyzing the existing evidence while addressing relevant biases is lacking. This umbrella review systematically searched the PubMed/Medline, Scopus and PsycINFO databases (up to June 26, 2023) for any systematic review with meta-analysis investigating the association of air pollution or climate change with mental health outcomes. We used the R metaumbrella package to calculate and stratify the credibility of the evidence according to criteria (i.e., convincing, highly suggestive, suggestive, or weak) that address several biases, complemented by sensitivity analyses. We included 32 systematic reviews with meta-analysis that examined 284 individual studies and 237 associations of exposures to air pollution or climate change hazards and mental health outcomes. Most associations (n=195, 82.3%) involved air pollution, while the rest (n=42, 17.7%) regarded climate change hazards (mostly focusing on temperature: n=35, 14.8%). Mental health outcomes in most associations (n=185, 78.1%) involved mental disorders, followed by suicidal behavior (n=29, 12.4%), access to mental health care services (n=9, 3.7%), mental disorders-related symptomatology (n=8, 3.3%), and multiple categories together (n=6, 2.5%). Twelve associations (5.0%) achieved convincing (class I) or highly suggestive (class II) evidence. Regarding exposures to air pollution, there was convincing (class I) evidence for the association between long-term exposure to solvents and a higher incidence of dementia or cognitive impairment (odds ratio, OR=1.139), and highly suggestive (class II) evidence for the association between long-term exposure to some pollutants and higher risk for cognitive disorders (higher incidence of dementia with high vs. low levels of carbon monoxide, CO: OR=1.587; higher incidence of vascular dementia per 1 μg/m
From “online brains” to “online lives”: understanding the individualized impacts of Internet use across psychological, cognitive and social dimensions
Authors: Joseph Firth, John Torous, José Francisco López‐Gil, Jake Linardon, Alyssa Milton, Jeffrey Lambert, Lee Smith, Ivan Jarić, Hannah Fabian, Davy Vancampfort, Henry Onyeaka, Felipe B. Schuch, Josh A. Firth
Journal: World Psychiatry (2024)

In response to the mass adoption and extensive usage of Internet-enabled devices across the world, a major review published in this journal in 2019 examined the impact of Internet on human cognition, discussing the concepts and ideas behind the "online brain". Since then, the online world has become further entwined with the fabric of society, and the extent to which we use such technologies has continued to grow. Furthermore, the research evidence on the ways in which Internet usage affects the human mind has advanced considerably. In this paper, we sought to draw upon the latest data from large-scale epidemiological studies and systematic reviews, along with randomized controlled trials and qualitative research recently emerging on this topic, in order to now provide a multi-dimensional overview of the impacts of Internet usage across psychological, cognitive and societal outcomes. Within this, we detail the empirical evidence on how effects differ according to various factors such as age, gender, and usage types. We also draw from new research examining more experiential aspects of individuals' online lives, to understand how the specifics of their interactions with the Internet, and the impact on their lifestyle, determine the benefits or drawbacks of online time. Additionally, we explore how the nascent but intriguing areas of culturomics, artificial intelligence, virtual reality, and augmented reality are changing our understanding of how the Internet can interact with brain and behavior. Overall, the importance of taking an individualized and multi-dimensional approach to how the Internet affects mental health, cognition and social functioning is clear. Furthermore, we emphasize the need for guidelines, policies and initiatives around Internet usage to make full use of the evidence available from neuroscientific, behavioral and societal levels of research presented herein.
Multiomics-based molecular subtyping based on the commensal microbiome predicts molecular characteristics and the therapeutic response in breast cancer
Authors: Wenxing Qin, Jia Li, Na Gao, Xiuyan Kong, Liting Guo, Yang Chen, Liang Huang, Xiaobing Chen, Feng Qi
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2024)

Abstract The gut microbiota has been demonstrated to be correlated with the clinical phenotypes of diseases, including cancers. However, there are few studies on clinical subtyping based on the gut microbiota, especially in breast cancer (BC) patients. Here, using machine learning methods, we analysed the gut microbiota of BC, colorectal cancer (CRC), and gastric cancer (GC) patients to identify their shared metabolic pathways and the importance of these pathways in cancer development. Based on the gut microbiota-related metabolic pathways, human gene expression profile and patient prognosis, we established a novel BC subtyping system and identified a subtype called “challenging BC”. Tumours with this subtype have more genetic mutations and a more complex immune environment than those of other subtypes. A score index was proposed for in-depth analysis and showed a significant negative correlation with patient prognosis. Notably, activation of the TPK1-FOXP3-mediated Hedgehog signalling pathway and TPK1-ITGAE-mediated mTOR signalling pathway was linked to poor prognosis in “challenging BC” patients with high scores, as validated in a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model. Furthermore, our subtyping system and score index are effective predictors of the response to current neoadjuvant therapy regimens, with the score index significantly negatively correlated with both treatment efficacy and the number of immune cells. Therefore, our findings provide valuable insights into predicting molecular characteristics and treatment responses in “challenging BC” patients.
Magnesium implants with alternating magnetic field-enhanced hydrogen release and proton depletion for anti-infection treatment and tissue repair
Authors: Nailin Yang, Xiaoyuan Yang, Shuning Cheng, Xiang Gao, Shumin Sun, Xuan Huang, Jun Ge, Zhihui Han, Cheng Huang, Yuanjie Wang, Chong Cheng, Liang Cheng
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2024)

Implant-related osteomyelitis is a formidable hurdle in the clinical setting and is characterized by inflammation, infection, and consequential bone destruction. Therefore, effective reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging, bacterial killing, and subsequent bone tissue repair are urgently needed for the treatment of difficult-to-heal osteomyelitis. Herein, we utilized the eddy-thermal effect of magnesium (Mg) implants under an alternating magnetic field (AMF) for the controlled release of H
Outbreak of Listeria monocytogenes in hospital linked to a fava bean product, Finland, 2015 to 2019
Authors: Eveline Otte im Kampe, Saara Salmenlinna, Riikka Åberg, Suvi Wallgren, Maria Hautaniemi, Satu Keronen, Elina Leinonen, Annika Pihlajasaari, Eeva Ruotsalainen, Anna Sarvela, Ruska Rimhanen-Finne
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2024)

Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) is a bacterium widely distributed in the environment. Listeriosis is a severe disease associated with high hospitalisation and mortality rates. In April 2019, listeriosis was diagnosed in two hospital patients in Finland. We conducted a descriptive study to identify the source of the infection and defined a case as a person with a laboratory-confirmed Lm serogroup IIa sequence type (ST) 37. Six cases with Lm ST 37 were notified to the Finnish Infectious Diseases Registry between 2015 and 2019. Patient interviews and hospital menus were used to target traceback investigation of the implicated foods. In 2021 and 2022, similar Lm ST 37 was detected from samples of a ready-to-eat plant-based food product including fava beans. Inspections by the manufacturer and the local food control authority indicated that the food products were contaminated with Lm after pasteurisation. Our investigation highlights the importance that companies producing plant-based food are subject to similar controls as those producing food of animal origin. Hospital menus can be a useful source of information that is not dependent on patient recall.
Author’s response: Critical need for robust surveillance in response to DENV-2 and SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactivity
Authors: Raphaëlle Klitting, Xavier de Lamballerie
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2024)

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Emergence and spread of a mupirocin-resistant variant of the European epidemic fusidic acid-resistant impetigo clone of Staphylococcus aureus, Belgium, 2013 to 2023
Authors: Nicolas Yin, Charlotte Michel, Nadia Makki, Ariane Deplano, Alisha Milis, Benoit Prevost, Veronique Yvette Miendje-Deyi, Marie Hallin, Delphine Martiny
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2024)

Background Antimicrobial resistance to mupirocin and fusidic acid, which are used for treatment of skin infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus, is of concern. Aim To investigate resistance to fusidic acid and mupirocin in meticillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) from community-acquired skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) in Belgium. Methods We collected 2013–2023 data on fusidic acid and mupirocin resistance in SSTI-associated MSSA from two large Belgian laboratories. Resistant MSSA isolates sent to the Belgian Staphylococci Reference Centre were spa -typed and analysed for the presence of the eta and etb virulence genes and the mupA resistance gene. In addition, we whole genome sequenced MSSA isolates collected between October 2021 and September 2023. Results Mupirocin resistance increased between 2013 and 2023 from 0.5-1.5% to 1.7-5.6%. Between 2018 and 2023, 91.4% (64/70) of mupirocin-resistant isolates were co-resistant to fusidic acid. By September 2023, between 8.9% (15/168) and 10.1% (11/109) of children isolates from the two laboratories were co-resistant. Of the 33 sequenced isolates, 29 were sequence type 121, clonal and more distantly related to the European epidemic fusidic acid-resistant impetigo clone (EEFIC) observed in Belgium in 2020. These isolates carried the mupA and fusB genes conferring resistance to mupirocin and fusidic acid, respectively, and the eta and etb virulence genes. Conclusion We highlight the spread of a mupirocin-resistant EEFIC in children, with a seasonal trend for the third quarter of the year. This is of concern because this variant is resistant to the two main topical antibiotics used to treat impetigo in Belgium.
m1A inhibition fuels oncolytic virus-elicited antitumor immunity via downregulating MYC/PD-L1 signaling
Authors: Shujin Li, Tian Feng, Yuantong Liu, Qichao Yang, An Song, Shuo Wang, Jun Xie, Junjie Zhang, Bifeng Yuan, Zhijun Sun
Journal: International Journal of Oral Science (2024)

Abstract N 1 -methyladenosine (m 1 A) RNA methylation is critical for regulating mRNA translation; however, its role in the development, progression, and immunotherapy response of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains largely unknown. Using Tgfbr1 and Pten conditional knockout (2cKO) mice, we found the neoplastic transformation of oral mucosa was accompanied by increased m 1 A modification levels. Analysis of m 1 A-associated genes identified TRMT61A as a key m 1 A writer linked to cancer progression and poor prognosis. Mechanistically, TRMT61A-mediated tRNA-m 1 A modification promotes MYC protein synthesis, upregulating programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. Moreover, m 1 A modification levels were also elevated in tumors treated with oncolytic herpes simplex virus (oHSV), contributing to reactive PD-L1 upregulation. Therapeutic m 1 A inhibition sustained oHSV-induced antitumor immunity and reduced tumor growth, representing a promising strategy to alleviate resistance. These findings indicate that m 1 A inhibition can prevent immune escape after oHSV therapy by reducing PD-L1 expression, providing a mutually reinforcing combination immunotherapy approach.
Imaging bioluminescence by detecting localized haemodynamic contrast from photosensitized vasculature
Authors: Robert Ohlendorf, Nan Li, Valerie Doan Phi Van, Miriam Schwalm, Yuting Ke, Miranda Dawson, Ying Jiang, Sayani Das, Brenna Stallings, Wen Ting Zheng, Alan Jasanoff
Journal: Nature Biomedical Engineering (2024)
Unveiling a novel fusion gene enhances CAR T cell therapy for solid tumors
Authors: Zefeng Zhou, Yongming Xia, Ruixiu Chen, Panpan Gao, Shiwei Duan
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2024)

Abstract The efficacy of Adoptive Cell Transfer Therapy (ACT) in combating hematological tumors has been well-documented, yet its application to solid tumors faces formidable hurdles, chief among them being the suboptimal therapeutic response and the immunosuppressive milieu within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Recently, Garcia, J. et al. present compelling findings shedding light on potential breakthroughs in this domain. Their investigation reveals the pronounced augmentation of anti-tumor activity in CAR T cells through the introduction of a T cell neoplasm fusion gene, CARD11-PIK3R3. The incorporation of this gene into engineered T cell therapy holds promise as a formidable tool in the arsenal of cancer immunotherapy. The innovative strategy outlined not only mitigates the requirement for high doses of CAR T cells but also enhances tumor control while exhibiting encouraging safety profiles. The exploration of the CARD11-PIK3R3 fusion gene represents an advancement in our approach to bolstering the anti-tumor efficacy of immunotherapeutic interventions. Nonetheless, the imperative for further inquiry to ascertain its transfection efficiency and long-term safety cannot be overstated. Nevertheless, this seminal investigation offers a beacon of hope in surmounting the formidable treatment impediments posed by solid tumors, paving the way for a transformative era in cancer therapeutics.