tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Virtual Yoga for Chronic Low Back Pain
Authors: Hallie Tankha, Devyn Gaskins, Amanda Shallcross, Michael Rothberg, Bo Hu, Ning Guo, Eric J. Roseen, Stephen Dombrowski, Judi Bar, Renee Warren, Holly Wilgus, Piper Tate, Johanna Goldfarb, Victoria Garcia Drago, Robert Saper
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a common condition with substantial impact on patients, in the form of physical and emotional suffering; health care costs; productivity; and health care professional burden. Although clinical guidelines recommend use of nonpharmacologic treatments first, such as yoga, there is a gap between guidelines and implementation in clinical practice.
Meal Timing and Anthropometric and Metabolic Outcomes
Authors: Hiu Yee Liu, Ashley A. Eso, Nathan Cook, Hayley M. O’Neill, Loai Albarqouni
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

Meal timing strategies, such as time-restricted eating (TRE), reducing meal frequency, or altering calorie distribution across the day, have gained interest for their potential to enhance weight loss and metabolic health, particularly in managing chronic diseases, yet their long-term benefits are not known.
More People in Their 40s Being Screened for Colorectal Cancer Under New Recommendation
Authors: Avery Orrall
Journal: JAMA (2024)

Sunny Siddique, MPH; Rong Wang, PhD; Faiza Yasin, MD, MHS; Jacquelyne J. Gaddy, MD, MSc, MSCR; Lan Zhang, MPH; Cary P. Gross, MD; Xiaomei Ma, PhD
Pulmonary Atelectasis After Sedation With Propofol vs Propofol-Ketamine for Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Children
Authors: Yu Jeong Bang, Jeayoun Kim, Nam-Su Gil, Woo Seog Sim, Hyun Joo Ahn, Mi Hye Park, Sangmin Maria Lee, Dong-Jae Kim, Ji Seon Jeong
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

Little is known about the impact of different anesthetic agents used for routine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sedation on pulmonary function in children.
Incorrect Arm Positions Increase Blood Pressure Readings
Authors: Avery Orrall
Journal: JAMA (2024)

Hairong Liu, MHS; Di Zhao, PhD; Ahmed Sabit, MS; Chathurangi H. Pathiravasan, MS, PhD; Junichi Ishigami, MD, MPH; Jeanne Charleston, RN, BSN; Edgar R. Miller III, MD, PhD; Kunihiro Matsushita, MD, PhD; Lawrence J. Appel, MD, MPH; Tammy M. Brady, MD, PhD
Evaluation of Low-Value Services Across Major Medicare Advantage Insurers and Traditional Medicare
Authors: Ciara Duggan, Adam L. Beckman, Ishani Ganguli, Mark Soto, E. John Orav, Thomas C. Tsai, Austin Frakt, Jose F. Figueroa
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

Compared with traditional Medicare (TM), Medicare Advantage (MA) insurers have greater financial incentives to reduce the delivery of low-value services (LVS); however, there is limited evidence at a national level on the prevalence of LVS utilization among MA vs TM beneficiaries and whether LVS utilization rates vary among the largest MA insurers.
Efficacy and Safety of Sotagliflozin in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes and CKD
Authors: Vikas S. Sridhar, Ayodele Odutayo, Satish Garg, Thomas Danne, Alessandro Doria, Michael Mauer, Michael J. Davies, Phillip Banks, Manon Girard, David Z.I. Cherney
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2024)

This analysis evaluated the efficacy and safety of sotagliflozin, a dual SGLT1&2 inhibitor, added to insulin in patients with type 1 diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Effect of neutrophils on tumor immunity and immunotherapy resistance with underlying mechanisms
Authors: Jiali Yao, Linlin Ji, Guang Wang, Jin Ding
Journal: Cancer Communications (2024)

Neutrophils are key mediators of the immune response and play essential roles in the development of tumors and immune evasion. Emerging studies indicate that neutrophils also play a critical role in the immunotherapy resistance in cancer. In this review, firstly, we summarize the novel classification and phenotypes of neutrophils and describe the regulatory relationships between neutrophils and tumor metabolism, flora microecology, neuroendocrine and tumor therapy from a new perspective. Secondly, we review the mechanisms by which neutrophils affect drug resistance in tumor immunotherapy from the aspects of the immune microenvironment, tumor antigens, and epigenetics. Finally, we propose several promising strategies for overcoming tumor immunotherapy resistance by targeting neutrophils and provide new research ideas in this area.
The pore-forming apolipoprotein APOL7C drives phagosomal rupture and antigen cross-presentation by dendritic cells
Authors: Gerone A. Gonzales, Song Huang, Liam Wilkinson, Jenny A. Nguyen, Saif Sikdar, Cécile Piot, Victor Naumenko, Jahanara Rajwani, Cassandra M. Wood, Irene Dinh, Melanie Moore, Eymi Cedeño, Neil McKenna, Maria J. Polyak, Sara Amidian, Vincent Ebacher, Nicole L. Rosin, Matheus B. Carneiro, Bas Surewaard, Nathan C. Peters, Christopher H. Mody, Jeff Biernaskie, Robin M. Yates, Douglas J. Mahoney, Johnathan Canton
Journal: Science Immunology (2024)

Conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) generate protective cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses against extracellular pathogens and tumors. This is achieved through a process known as cross-presentation (XP), and, despite its biological importance, the mechanism(s) driving XP remains unclear. Here, we show that a cDC-specific pore-forming protein called apolipoprotein L 7C (APOL7C) is up-regulated in response to innate immune stimuli and is recruited to phagosomes. Association of APOL7C with phagosomes led to phagosomal rupture and escape of engulfed antigens to the cytosol, where they could be processed via the endogenous MHC class I antigen processing pathway. Accordingly, mice deficient in APOL7C did not efficiently prime CD8
Kupffer cell reverse migration into the liver sinusoids mitigates neonatal sepsis and meningitis
Authors: Bruna Araujo David, Jawairia Atif, Fernanda Vargas e Silva Castanheira, Tamanna Yasmin, Adrien Guillot, Yeni Ait Ahmed, Moritz Peiseler, Josefien W. Hommes, Lilian Salm, Marie-Anne Brundler, Bas G. J. Surewaard, Wael Elhenawy, Sonya MacParland, Florent Ginhoux, Kathy McCoy, Paul Kubes
Journal: Science Immunology (2024)

In adults, liver-resident macrophages, or Kupffer cells (KCs), reside in the sinusoids and sterilize circulating blood by capturing rapidly flowing microbes. We developed quantitative intravital imaging of 1-day-old mice combined with transcriptomics, genetic manipulation, and in vivo infection assays to interrogate increased susceptibility of newborns to bloodstream infections. Whereas 1-day-old KCs were better at catching
99mTc-PSMA and 99mTc-FAPI-46 Uptake in Pulmonary Lymphangitic Carcinomatosis
Authors: Nasrin Raeisi, Atena Aghaee, Kamran Aryana, Salman Soltani, Hamidreza Ghorbani
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

Abstract This case report presents a rare instance of pulmonary lymphangitic carcinomatosis (PLC) in a prostate cancer patient, showcasing uptake of 99m Tc–prostate-specific membrane antigen and 99m Tc-fibroblast activation protein inhibitor-46 on imaging scans. A 70-year-old man with elevated serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels exhibited respiratory symptoms and was diagnosed with widespread skeletal and pulmonary metastases. Following taxane-based chemotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy, imaging revealed decreased uptake and improvement in clinical symptoms, indicating treatment response. PLC in prostate cancer is exceptionally rare, with only limited documented cases. This report highlights the diagnostic value of 99m Tc–prostate-specific membrane antigen and 99m Tc–fibroblast activation protein inhibitor scans in identifying PLC and monitoring treatment response, offering insights into the management of this challenging condition.
Unexpected Radioiodine Uptake in 131I Whole-Body Scan
Authors: Biao Yang, Yuhu Lv, Xiao Zhang, Fuqiang Shao, Xiaoli Lan
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

A 23-year-old woman underwent a near-total thyroidectomy approximately 4 months prior due to papillary carcinoma. To eliminate residual thyroid tissue, she was administered 130 mCi of 131I during her initial radioiodine therapy session. After receiving therapy for 3 days, a focus of radioiodine uptake was noted in the left pelvic cavity on the posttherapy 131I whole-body image. Further analysis using SPECT/CT imaging pinpointed the uptake to the left ovary. Histopathological findings confirmed the presence of a mature teratoma in the ovary.
Reactive Astrocytes Promote Axonal Remodeling of the Corticospinal Tract During Neuronal Recovery Revealed by 18F-THK5351 PET
Authors: Tetsuhiro Hatakeyama, Nobuyuki Kawai, Tomoko Maruo, Takashi Norikane, Yuka Yamamoto, Keisuke Miyake
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

A teenager who suffered from left hemiparesis after traumatic brain injury underwent 18F-THK5351 PET 48, 286, and 810 days after the injury. The first scan showed slight uptake in the right corticospinal tract (CST), and the second scan showed intense uptake along the CST, which was significantly reduced in the third scan. The hemiparesis has improved between the first and second scans. 18F-THK5351 binds to monoamine oxidase B, which is expressed in reactive astrocytes (RAs). Recently, the beneficial role of RAs in plasticity and reconstruction after traumatic brain injury has been reported. 18F-THK5351 uptake may represent axonal remodeling accompanied with RAs in the CST.
FDG PET Images of Pseudoprogression After Nivolumab-FOLFOX Chemotherapy in a Gastric Cancer Patient
Authors: Yeongjoo Lee, Hye Sung Won, Kyung Jin Seo, Sae Jung Na
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

A 60-year-old man diagnosed with gastric adenocarcinoma underwent FDG PET/CT. After completing 9 cycles of combination chemotherapy with nivolumab and FOLFOX, he had multiple new nodular uptakes in the bilateral cervical chains and mediastinum. The pathology of the right neck node confirmed reactive lymph node hyperplasia without evidence of malignancy, suggesting pseudoprogression after immunotherapy. It is worthwhile to report these PET image patterns, as they could significantly influence clinical decision-making.
Wild-Type Transthyretin Amyloidosis With 99mTc-PYP Uptake in the Extracardiac Soft Tissues But Not in the Myocardium
Authors: Koji Takahashi, Takaaki Iwamura, Daisuke Sasaki, Mitsuharu Ueda, Takafumi Okura
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

Wild-type transthyretin amyloid (ATTRwt) deposits in most organs, mainly the heart, ligaments, and tenosynovium. Orthopedic diseases due to ATTRwt deposits often precede overt ATTRwt cardiomyopathy. 99mTc-PYP scintigraphy is highly sensitive in detecting myocardial and extracardiac ATTRwt deposits. However, there are few reports of extracardiac ATTRwt deposits before myocardial deposits confirmed by imaging modalities. We report a case of atrial fibrillation-related heart failure in which 99mTc-PYP scintigraphy showed tracer uptake in extracardiac soft tissues but not in the myocardium, and a biopsy of soft tissues with tracer uptake confirmed ATTRwt deposits. 99mTc-PYP scintigraphy can image extracardiac ATTRwt deposits before myocardial deposits.
Rare Findings of Multiple Bone Metastases From Duodenal Gangliocytic Paraganglioma on 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT Imaging
Authors: Tong Xin, Xiaoliang Chen, Yanxia Li
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

Abstract We present the imaging findings of a 48-year-old woman that metastasized to multiple bones with a history of duodenal gangliocytic paraganglioma. 68 Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT showed multiple osteolytic bone destruction with intense uptake. Multiple bone metastases originating from duodenal gangliocytic paraganglioma confirmed histopathological results of a biopsy on the chest-back bone.
Pictorial Essay
Authors: Shanmuga Sundaram Palaniswamy, Padma Subramanyam, Vinayan K. Puthenveettil
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

Brain development is a very complex process that starts within first 20 days of gestation. By the third week, prosencephalon (forebrain), mesencephalon (midbrain), and rhombencephalon (hindbrain) appear. Failure of brain development can occur at any level. Defects in neural tube closure, folding, induction of neuroepithelial migration, and differentiation can result in congenital brain malformation. Similarly, disruption at neuronal cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, and organization also result in structural anomalies. This pictorial collection highlights the 18F-FDG brain PET-MR findings in children who presented with recurrent seizures. Further to imaging, many required additional investigations such as genetic testing, ophthalmic, cardiorespiratory, and screening laboratory metabolic studies.
68Ga-Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen PET/CT in Endometrial Cancer: A Preliminary Report
Authors: Jolanta Kunikowska, Kacper Pełka, Magdalena Bizoń, Maciej Olszewski
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

Purpose of the Report Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological cancer. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is expressed in prostate cancer cells but can be found in other cancers, such as endometrial cancer, during angiogenesis. The aim of this prospective pilot study was to evaluate the feasibility of using 68 Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT in endometrial cancer patients before surgical treatment. Patients and Methods Seven women with a mean age of 58 ± 7.9 years were included in the study. All patients underwent standard imaging studies involving transvaginal ultrasound, ceCT scans of the chest and abdomen, and MRI as qualified for surgery. Additionally, PET/CT was performed on a Siemens Biograph scanner 60 minutes after the injection of 2 MBq/kg 68 Ga-PSMA-11. Results Six of 7 patients had positive 68 Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT images, and histopathology confirmed endometrial cancer. One patient also exhibited uptake in the left ovary, and final histopathology revealed a hemorrhagic cyst. Lymph node involvement was further confirmed after ceCT fusion with 68 Ga-PSMA-11. The consensus of histopathological staging of endometrial cancer and ceCT was 4/7, that of MR was 6/7, and that of 68 Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT was 5/7. All methods were consistent in terms of staging in 3/7 patients. Conclusions The initial experience showed the possibility of using 68 Ga-PSMA-11 in endometrial cancer patients. However, prospective large studies are needed to explore the real diagnostic role of radiolabelled PSMA in this field. This study was approved by the Ethical Committee of the Medical University of Warsaw (KB/2/A/2018).
FDG PET/CT Image of Extragastrointestinal Stromal Tumor in the Posterior Mediastinum
Authors: Liu Xiao, Lin Li, Wenjie Zhang
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

Abstract Extragastrointestinal stromal tumor (EGIST) in the posterior mediastinum is very rare. Herein, we report FDG PET/CT findings of posterior mediastinum EGIST in a 77-year-old man. On FDG PET/CT, it manifested as a solitary posterior mediastinum mass with heterogeneous necrosis and intense FDG uptake. The final pathology supported a diagnosis of EGIST. This case hints us when we encounter a soft tissue mass with intense FDG uptake in the posterior mediastinum; EGIST should be regarded as a differential diagnosis.
Reprogramming metabolic microenvironment for nerve regeneration via waterborne polylactic acid-polyurethane copolymer scaffolds
Authors: Yuan Feng, Jinlin Chen, Xiao Wang, Chao Long, Wenbo Wang, Jingjing Lin, Yuanyuan He, Yanchao Wang, Feng Luo, Zhen Li, Jiehua Li, Hong Tan
Journal: Biomaterials (2024)
Prediction of breast cancer risk for adolescents and young adults with Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Sander Roberti, Flora E van Leeuwen, Ibrahima Diallo, Florent de Vathaire, Michael Schaapveld, Wendy M Leisenring, Rebecca M Howell, Gregory T Armstrong, Chaya S Moskowitz, Susan A Smith, Berthe M P Aleman, Inge M Krul, Nicola S Russell, Ruth M Pfeiffer, Michael Hauptmann
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2024)

Abstract Background Although female survivors of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) have an increased risk of breast cancer (BC), no BC risk prediction model is available. We developed such models incorporating mean radiation dose to the breast or breast quadrant-specific radiation doses. Methods Relative risks and age-specific incidence for BC and competing events (mortality or other subsequent cancer) were estimated from 1194 Dutch 5-year HL survivors, treated at ages 11-40 during 1965-2000. Predictors were doses to 10 breast segments or mean breast radiation dose, BC family history, year of and age at HL diagnosis, and ages at menopause and first live birth. Models were independently validated using US Childhood Cancer Survivor Study cohort participants. Results Predicted absolute BC risks 25 years after HL diagnosis ranged from 1.0% for survivors diagnosed at ages 20-24 with less than 10 Gy mean breast radiation dose and who were menopausal 5 years after HL diagnosis, to 22.0% for survivors 25-29 years at diagnosis, with at least 25 Gy mean breast dose and no menopause within 5 years. In external validation, the observed/expected BC case ratio was 1.19 (95% confidence interval 0.97 to 1.47) for the breast segment-specific dose model, and 1.29 (1.05 to 1.60) for the mean breast dose model. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve were 0.68 (0.63 to 0.74) and 0.68 (0.62 to 0.73), respectively. Conclusion Breast segment-specific or mean breast radiation dose with personal and clinical characteristics predicted absolute BC risk in HL survivors with moderate discrimination but good calibration, rendering the models useful for clinical decision-making.
Childhood Langerhans cell histiocytosis hematological involvement: severity associated with BRAFV600E loads
Authors: Julian Thalhammer, Eric Jeziorski, Perrrine Marec-Berard, Mohamed-Aziz Barkaoui, Anne Pagnier, Pierre-Simon Rohrlich, Aurore Chevallier, Liana Carausu, Nathalie Aladjidi, Charlotte Rigaud, Amaury Leruste, Saba Azarnoush, Thomas Lauvray, Solenne Le Louet, Virginie Gandemer, Pauline Treguier, Ludovic Mansuy, Marlène Pasquet, Laura Olivier, Angélique Rome, Paul Saultier, Florentina Isfan, Cecile Renard, Valérie Li Thiao Te, Alexandra Salmon, Laurence Blanc, Wadih Abou Chahla, Anne Lambilliotte, Jean-Louis Louis Stephan, Frederic Geissmann, Julien Lejeune, Coralie Mallebranche, Yves Reguerre, Audrey Grain, Caroline Thomas, Zofia Hélias-Rodzewicz, Despina Moshous, Odile Fenneteau, Aurore Coulomb-L'hermine, Hélène Lapillonne, Geneviève de Saint Basile, Jean-Francois Emile, Sébastien Héritier, Jean Donadieu
Journal: Blood (2024)
Refined ELN 2024 risk stratification improves survival prognostication following venetoclax-based therapy in AML
Authors: Curtis A. Lachowiez, Vishvaas I Ravikumar, Jad Othman, Jenny O'Nions, Daniel T Peters, Christine McMahon, Ronan Swords, Rachel Cook, Jennifer N. Saultz, Jeffrey W. Tyner, Richard James Dillon, Joshua F. Zeidner, Daniel A. Pollyea
Journal: Blood (2024)
Safety and efficacy of pegcetacoplan treatment for cold agglutinin disease and warm antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Authors: Eloy Roman, Bruno Fattizzo, Merrill Kingman Shum, Wahid T Hanna, Steven R Lentz, Sergio Schusterschitz S Araujo, Mohammed Al-Adhami, Federico V Grossi, Morie A Gertz
Journal: Blood (2024)

Cold agglutinin disease (CAD) and warm antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia (wAIHA) are rare autoimmune hemolytic anemias characterized by red blood cell destruction, largely attributable to complement activation resulting in intravascular and extravascular hemolysis. Pegcetacoplan is a subcutaneously administered C3-targeted therapy, which may be suitable for treating CAD and wAIHA. In this open-label phase 2 study, analyses were conducted in two cohorts, one for patients with CAD and the other wAIHA. In each cohort, patients were randomly assigned to receive 270 or 360 mg/day pegcetacoplan for up to 48 weeks. Safety endpoints included the incidence and severity of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and adverse events of special interest (AESI). Efficacy endpoints included change from baseline in hemoglobin (Hb), lactate dehydrogenase, absolute reticulocyte count, haptoglobin, indirect bilirubin, and Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy (FACIT)-fatigue scale. Thirteen (100%) and 10 out of 11 (91%) patients with CAD and wAIHA respectively experienced at least 1 TEAE. Ten patients had at least 1 serious adverse event; none were considered related to pegcetacoplan. The only treatment-related AESIs were injection site reactions. Pegcetacoplan increased Hb levels, reduced hemolysis, and increased FACIT-fatigue scale scores in the first weeks; at week 48 the median (interquartile range) change from baseline Hb for the CAD and wAIHA total groups was 2.4 (0.90 to 3.00) and 1.7 g/dL (‑1.40 to 2.90), respectively, and improvements in hemolysis and FACIT-fatigue scale scores were maintained. This study demonstrated that pegcetacoplan is generally well tolerated and suggests it can be effective in patients with CAD and wAIHA. Registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03226678).
Re: Maarten De Rooij, Clare Allen, Jasper J. Twilt, et al. PI-QUAL Version 2: An Update of a Standardised Scoring System for the Assessment of Image Quality of Prostate MRI. Eur Radiol. In press. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-024-10795-4
Authors: Geert Villeirs, Valeria Panebianco, Caroline M Moore, Jelle O Barentsz
Journal: European Urology (2024)
When I use a word . . . Academic norms, a scientific ethic, and the scientific conscience
Authors: Jeffrey K Aronson
Journal: BMJ (2024)

To understand how academic science can be violated we must first understand the norms that determine how it should be successfully prosecuted. The work of the sociologist Robert K Merton is informative. In the 1930s and 1940s he described, in three related essays, the ways in which academic norms had developed and what they were. In the first essay, he described what he supposed had been the influence of Puritanism in the 17th century, while acknowledging that the Protestant religious ethic was only one factor in the development of rational and empirical science. In the second essay he focused on factors that might induce hostility against science, leading to the enunciation of some academic norms: scientific autonomy (preventing contradictory influences from other spheres), integrity (the appreciation of which enhances the likelihood that scientific results will receive public acceptance in the absence of complete understanding of how they were achieved), the use of comprehensible language in describing outcomes and their interpretation, and the restriction of academic skepticism to scientific thought. In the third essay he outlined other norms, based on the cultural values and mores that govern scientific activities: universalism, communality (which he called communism), disinterestedness, and organised skepticism; to these we can add appropriate curiosity and restraint of excess enthusiasm. In addition to these, there are norms relating to the methods that are used to obtain evidence and to the methods used to analyse the knowledge thus obtained. Together these constitute a scientific ethic and imply a scientific conscience.
The usefulness of large language models for patient information on melanoma: challenges and opportunities
Authors: Tobias E Sangers, Remco van Doorn
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2024)

Journal Article Accepted manuscript The usefulness of large language models for patient information on melanoma: challenges and opportunities Get access Tobias E Sangers, Tobias E Sangers Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands Correspondence: Tobias E. Sangers, Email:t.e.sangers@lumc.nl https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0948-5801 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Remco van Doorn Remco van Doorn Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Center, The NetherlandsDepartment of Dermatology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7019-6673 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, ljae429, https://doi.org/10.1093/bjd/ljae429 Published: 01 November 2024 Article history Received: 29 October 2024 Accepted: 31 October 2024 Published: 01 November 2024