AB1139 ANALYSIS OF THE CLINICAL PROFILE OF A COHORT OF PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS NOT RESPONSIVE TO BELIMUMAB. SHORT-TERM EFFICACY OF ANIFROLUMAB
Authors: M. Camacho Halcón, D. Loaiza Cabello, A. Muñoz Jimenez, N. Garrido-Puñal, R. J. Gil Velez, S. García Morillo, F. J. García Hernández, R. Pertusa Mataix, M. Garrido Montes, E. Rubio Romero
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2024)

<h3>Background:</h3> Anifrolumab is a human monoclonal antibody that acts by inhibiting the type I interferon pathway and has recently been introduced into the therapeutic regimen of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). <h3>Objectives:</h3> This is a retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with SLE who have started treatment with Anifrolumab, with which we want to share the experience in our centre. <h3>Methods:</h3> For this purpose, we collected various clinical and analytical data from the subjects, both at the time of starting treatment and three months later. We then performed a descriptive analysis of the group, and a comparative analysis between the data collected at both time points for each patient. For the clinical follow-up, various scales and scores were used to objectively assess the degree of disease activity (CLASI, DAS28, SLEDAI and PGA) and the average dose of steroids for activity control. <h3>Results:</h3> Data were collected from 10 patients of whom 100% were women aged 25-79 years (mean age 48 years). All were diagnosed with SLE according to the EULAR/ACR 2019 criteria. Follow-up was carried out for 3 months, from the beginning of treatment with Anifrolumab. We analyzed the data of 8 of the 10 patients collected in our database, since two of these patients began treatment with Anifrolumab less than a month ago, so we do not have data on the follow-up of these patients after three months of treatment. After 3 months of treatment, all patients recorded better results on 2 of the 3 Lupus activity scales. On the CLASI scale, a significant decrease in the mean score was observed (7.88± 4,30 at the beginning of treatment vs. 1.38 ± 1.69 after 3 months of treatment; p&lt;0.05). Also on the SLEDAI scale, there was a significant decrease in the score in our sample of patients after treatment (7.5 ± 3.22 at the beginning of treatment vs. 2.63 ± 2.23 after 3 months of treatment; p&lt;0.05). However, on the DAS28 scale, there was no significant improvement in the score after treatment. We also applied the Physician Global Assessment (PGA) scale, in which we also found a significant improvement in the score after 3 months of treatment compared to the beginning (2.06 ± 0.57 at the beginning of treatment vs. 0.65 ± 0.37 after 3 months of treatment; p&lt;0.05) Regarding the adjuvant dose of prednisone used during treatment with Anifrolumab, there was a decrease in the dose, however, this was not statistically significant (20.44 ± 16.49 at the beginning of treatment vs. 6.37 ± 4.85 after 3 months of treatment; p≥0.05). It is important to highlight that after treatment with Anifrolumab for 3 months, 75% of our patients were in remission from Lupus. During the three months of follow-up treatment with Anifrolumab, only mild side effects were recorded in one of our patients. <h3>Conclusion:</h3> The results obtained indicate that patients with SLE not responsive to Belimumab treated with Anifrolumab as the main biological drug, shows a significant improvement in the activity of their disease at 3 months,. All patients reaching remission of the disease in terms of activity and there was a significant reduction in the physician's global assessment measured by PGA. However, this improvement is not accompanied by a significant decrease in the use of corticosteroids as adjuvant treatment. However, studies with larger sample sizes and a longer follow-up period are needed to draw meaningful conclusions. <h3>REFERENCES:</h3> <b>NIL.</b> <h3>Acknowledgements:</h3> <b>NIL.</b> <h3>Disclosure of Interests:</h3> <b>None declared.</b>