tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hypoxia‐Activated Liposomes Enable Synergistic Photodynamic Therapy for Oral Cancer
Authors: Jiaxuan Chen, Xiaodi Xu, Kexuan Wang, Mingxia Xue, Qing Wang, Weixiang Zhong, Yan Wan, Xiaoyang Liu, Junnian Zheng, Ge Gao, Gang Wang
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2025)

Abstract Oral cancer is a significant public health problem, which is one of the most common malignancy with high mortality in the world. Apart from surgery, photodynamic therapy (PDT) is perceived as another capable method for the treatment of oral cancer. However, limited oxygen content of tumor microenvironment decreased the efficiency of current PDT. Hence, a complementary tumor‐killing system is developed to overcome PDT‐induced oxygen depletion by introducing hypoxia‐activated chemotherapy drugs into tumor‐targeting liposomes. First, liposomes derived from red blood cell (RBC) membrane are decorated with tumor‐targeting formic acid (FA) and designed to carrying photosensitizer TPP and the hypoxia‐activated drug TPZ ( TPZ/TPP@RBC‐FA ). Laser irradiation on tumor initiated the discharge of chemotherapeutic drugs (TPZ) from TPZ/TPP@RBC‐FA liposomes by increasing the reactive oxygen species, causing the aggravated intratumoral hypoxia and the further generation of the toxic TPZ radicals. The combination of hypoxia‐activated chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy will not only induced efficient cell apoptosis but also caused immunogenic cell death and immunocyte activation. The strategy of loading drugs into liposomes also demonstrated acceptable biosafety. It is believed that the strategy of combining of photodynamic therapy and hypoxia‐activated chemotherapy with liposomes can be implemented for the oral cancer treatment in the near future.
Graded Hydroxyapatite Triply Periodic Minimal Surface Structures for Bone Tissue Engineering Applications
Authors: Tejas M. Koushik, Catherine M. Miller, Elsa Antunes
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2025)

Abstract Porous scaffolds in bone tissue engineering (BTE) play a crucial role in facilitating osteointegration with host tissues and providing nutrients to cells involved in bone healing. Scaffold architecture influences osteointegration, biofunctionality and mechanical strength, necessitating a clear understanding of its impact. In this study, hydroxyapatite scaffolds are 3D printed with three types of triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) structures: gyroid, lidinoid, and split‐P, at porosities ranging from 50% to 80%. Split‐P architecture exhibits the highest compression strength, between 15 and 25 MPa, but provides the least surface area for bone apatite precipitation. Conversely, gyroid and lidinoid structures demonstrate the highest levels of bone apatite precipitation across all porosities when immersed in simulated body fluid. To optimise scaffold design, graded structures were designed with multiple TPMS structures arranged in a core‐shell configuration. A structure featuring a solid core and a 70% gyroid shell achieves the highest compression strength of 120 MPa, while also supporting cell attachment and differentiation comparable to that of a fully porous structure. This combination of compression strength similar to cancellous bone and ability for positive interaction with osteoblast cells makes it an ideal candidate for load‐bearing applications in BTE.
Control Over Kinetic Self‐Assembly of Phthalocyanine into Photothermal Nano‐Vaccine Enabling Tunable Superlarge Absorption Redshift
Authors: Shuo Zhang, Yongxin Li, Jilu Zheng, Chunlei Liu, Chunyang Diao, Luyang Zhao, Chunzhao Liu
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2025)

Supramolecular near-infrared (NIR) nanomaterials show great application prospects in cancer photothermal immunotherapy. However, the direct self-assembly of photothermal nanomaterials absorbed in biological transparent window and control over their absorption properties through aggregation behavior remains a grand challenge. Here, the control over superlarge absorption redshift (ranging from 105 nm to 150 nm) of mono-α-substituted carboxy zinc phthalocyanine (αZnPc) through kinetic assembly methodologies is demonstrated, resulting in the fabrication of photothermal nanoagents within tissue-transparent NIR window. Tailoring the solvent polarity allows for the manipulation of kinetic pathways, leading to a variety of self-assembled structures exhibiting distinct αZnPc macrocycle stacking modes that attribute to their different absorption redshift properties. Mechanistic studies of the relationship between solvent polarity and pathway complexity revealed the energy landscape that governs the unique kinetic behavior. The specific stacking mode and conformation conforming to the charge-transfer model within these αZnPc assembled structures have been revealed by theoretical calculations. Crucially, the αZnPc nanostructures show remarkable physiological stability and robust photothermal performances within biological transparent window, efficiently ablating primary tumors and triggering immunogenic cell death. This effect is further augmented by the immunomodulatory effects of thymopentin, exhibiting vaccine-like capabilities in suppressing the growth of distant tumors. This research demonstrates unprecedented levels of control over supramolecular structures and their superlarge red-shifted absorption, providing great opportunities for future design and construction of supramolecular NIR materials with fascinating properties toward cancer treatments.
Pincer‐Type Pt(II)‐NHC Antibody‐Drug Conjugate for HER‐2‐Targeted Chemoimmunotherapy
Authors: Tao Huang, Wan‐Qiong Huang, Gui‐Feng Huang, Xiao‐Long Wei, Yong‐Liang Huang, Tao Liu, Yungen Liu, Wen‐Xiu Ni, Chi‐Ming Che
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2025)

Platinum-based chemotherapy drugs play an indispensable role in clinical cancer treatment, but exhibit considerable side effects due to their non-specific mechanism of killing cancer cells and normal cells. In this regard, the use of antibodies conjugated to anti-cancer platinum complexes will enable better differentiation of cancer cells from normal cells. Here, six pincer-platinum(II) NHC (N-heterocyclic carbene) complexes are reported, one of which has an amino group on the N-alkyl group of the NHC ligand. This platinum(II) complex is used as the payload for platinum(II)-based antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2). Notably, this ADC can specifically bind to the HER-2 antigen, distinguish target cells from non-target cells, and exhibit good anti-tumor activity in vitro and in vivo.
Infants needed to immunise with nirsevimab to prevent one RSV hospitalisation, Spain, 2023/24 season
Authors: Roberto Pastor-Barriuso, Olivier Núñez, Susana Monge
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2025)

Using real-life data from Spain between October 2023 and March 2024, the number needed to immunise (NNI) with nirsevimab and the cost to prevent one RSV hospitalisation were estimated at 90 infants (95% CI: 77–108) and 19,700 EUR for catch-up immunisation, and 41 infants (95% CI: 35–50) and 9,000 EUR for at-birth immunisation. By month of birth, NNI and cost were lowest in infants born shortly before the RSV epidemic peak, with impact decreasing gradually for earlier or later births.
Detections of rare enterovirus C105 linked to an emerging novel clade, Spain, 2019 to 2024
Authors: Maria Dolores Fernandez-Garcia, Juan Camacho, Francisco Diez-Fuertes, Estrella Ruiz de Pedro, Nerea García-Ibañez, Ana Navascués, Carla Berengua, Pedro Antequera-Rodriguez, Montserrat Ruiz-García, Maria Teresa Pastor-Fajardo, María Cabrerizo
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2025)

Enterovirus (EV)-C105 is a rare genotype not previously detected in Spain. Between 2019 and 2024, we detected EV-C105 in respiratory samples of five patients, through routine EV surveillance. Three cases had respiratory illness and two were hospitalised for neurological illness. Four of the five sequenced strains belonged to an emerging clade (C1), defined by four novel nonsynonymous mutations in key antigenic epitopes. We recommend reinforced clinical awareness and EV genomic surveillance, including respiratory samples, even when symptoms are neurological.
Immediate public health surveillance response to cyclone Chido, Mayotte, 14 December 2024
Authors: Marion Soler, Annabelle Lapostolle, Quiterie Mano, Maxime Ransay-Colle, Julie Durand, Louis Collet, Tanguy Cholin, Karima Madi, Laurent Filleul, Yvan Souares, Patrick Rolland, Hassani Youssouf
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2025)

On 14 December 2024, Cyclone Chido caused extensive damage to infrastructures in Mayotte, including water, electricity and communication networks. Health surveillance systems were no longer functional. Santé publique France provided health risk analyses to support local control measures. Malnutrition and dehydration, follow-up care, pregnancy and post-partum complications, mental health, gastrointestinal diseases, bacterial wound superinfections and bronchiolitis were the main risk identified. The preliminary ad hoc surveillance systems confirmed our analyses. We also present lessons learnt 1 month after the event.
Inferring transmission risk of respiratory viral infection from the viral load kinetics of SARS-CoV-2, England, 2020 to 2021 and influenza A virus, Hong Kong, 2008 to 2012
Authors: Jakob Jonnerby, Joe Fenn, Seran Hakki, Jie Zhou, Kieran J Madon, Aleksandra Koycheva, Sean Nevin, Rhia Kundu, Michael A Crone, Timesh D Pillay, Shazaad Ahmad, Nieves Derqui, Emily Conibear, Robert Varro, Constanta Luca, Paul S Freemont, Graham P Taylor, Maria Zambon, Wendy S Barclay, Jake Dunning, Neil M Ferguson, Benjamin J Cowling, Ajit Lalvani
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2025)

Background Infectiousness of respiratory viral infections is quantified as plaque forming units (PFU), requiring resource-intensive viral culture that is not routinely performed. We hypothesised that RNA viral load (VL) decline time (e-folding time) in people might serve as an alternative marker of infectiousness. Aim This study’s objective was to evaluate the association of RNA VL decline time with RNA and PFU VL area under the curve (AUC) and transmission risk for SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus. Methods In SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus community cohorts, viral RNA was quantified by reverse transcription quantitative PCR in serial upper respiratory tract (URT)-samples collected within households after an initial household-member tested positive for one virus. We evaluated correlations between RNA VL decline time and RNA and PFU-VL AUC. Associations between VL decline time and transmission risk in index-contact pairs were assessed. Results In SARS-CoV-2 cases, we observed positive correlations between RNA VL decline time and RNA and PFU VL AUC with posterior probabilities 1 and 0.96 respectively. In influenza A cases a positive correlation between RNA VL decline time and RNA VL AUC was observed, with posterior probability of 0.87. Index case VL decline times one standard deviation above the cohort-mean showed a relative increase in secondary attack rates of 39% (95% credible interval (CrI): −6.9 to 95%) for SARS-CoV-2 and 25% (95% CrI: −11 to 71%) for influenza A virus. Conclusion We identify VL decline time as a potential marker of infectiousness and transmission risk for SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus. Early ascertainment of VL kinetics as part of surveillance of new viruses or variants could inform public health decision making.
Molecular screening to track ceftriaxone-resistant FC428-like Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains’ dissemination in four provinces of China, 2019 to 2021
Authors: Leshan Xiu, Liqin Wang, Yamei Li, Lihua Hu, Jia Huang, Gang Yong, Youwei Wang, Wenling Cao, Yang Yang, Weiming Gu, Junping Peng
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2025)

Background The global dissemination of ceftriaxone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae FC428-like strains poses a public health concern. To assess and follow their spread, establishing effective antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance systems is essential. Aim This study aimed to track ceftriaxone-resistant FC428-like strains in parts of China, using a molecular screening tool. Methods Samples were collected from Sichuan, Zhejiang, Shanghai, and Guangdong provinces between 2019 and 2021. We employed a rapid molecular tool − the high-resolution melting analysis-based FC428 (HRM-FC428) assay, to screen for FC428-like strains. All FC428-like strains detected were further characterised by genotyping and PCR-sequencing. Results Of 1,042 tested samples, 44 harboured the penA -60.001 allele linked to ceftriaxone resistance, revealing a 4.2% prevalence of FC428-like strains. The HRM-FC428 assay additionally uncovered six strains with mosaic penA -195.001 or penA -232.001 alleles, both bearing the A311V mutation, a ceftriaxone resistance marker. During the study, the prevalence of FC428-like strains among overall samples appeared to increase, with rates of 2.8% (11/395) in 2019, 4.2% (16/378) in 2020, and 6.3% (17/269) in 2021. Some strains’ sequence types (ST)s were identified across provinces (e.g. ST1903, ST1600) and most strains (24/44) were ST1903, an ST also reported in other regions/countries, suggesting local evolution and global transmission. Conclusion Our work underscores the value of culture-independent antimicrobial resistance monitoring and validates the use of molecular diagnostic tools, like the HRM-FC428 assay for this purpose. This study offers insights into the complex landscape of ceftriaxone-resistant N. gonorrhoeae , emphasising the importance of continued surveillance and global collaboration to mitigate this growing public health threat.
Artificial intelligence for individualized treatment of persistent atrial fibrillation: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Isabel Deisenhofer, Jean-Paul Albenque, Sonia Busch, Edouard Gitenay, Stavros E. Mountantonakis, Antoine Roux, Jerome Horvilleur, Babe Bakouboula, Saumil Oza, Selim Abbey, Guillaume Theodore, Antoine Lepillier, Yves Guyomar, Francis Bessiere, Jaap Jan Smit, Theophile Mohr Durdez, Paola Milpied, Anthony Appetiti, Daniel Guerrero, Tom De Potter, Christian De Chillou, Seth Goldbarg, Atul Verma, John D. Hummel, Jaap Jan Smit, Tom De Potter, Christian De Chillou
Journal: Nature Medicine (2025)

Abstract Although pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) has become the cornerstone ablation procedure for atrial fibrillation (AF), the optimal ablation procedure for persistent and long-standing persistent AF remains elusive. Targeting spatio-temporal electrogram dispersion in a tailored procedure has been suggested as a potentially beneficial alternative to a conventional PVI-only procedure. In this multicenter, randomized, controlled, double-blind, superiority trial, patients with drug-refractory persistent AF were randomly assigned to a tailored ablation procedure targeting areas of spatio-temporal dispersion, as detected by an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm, in addition to PVI (tailored arm, n = 187, 23% women) or to a conventional PVI-only procedure (anatomical arm, n = 183, 19% women). The primary efficacy endpoint was freedom from documented AF with or without antiarrhythmic drugs at 12 months after a single ablation procedure. Secondary endpoints included freedom from any atrial arrhythmic events, and the secondary composite safety endpoint consisted of death, cerebrovascular events, or treatment-related serious adverse events. One year post-procedure, the trial met its primary efficacy endpoint, which was achieved in 88% of patients in the tailored arm compared with 70% of patients in the anatomical arm (log-rank P &lt; 0.0001 for superiority). However, no significant difference between arms was observed for the freedom from any atrial arrhythmia endpoint after one ablation. The safety endpoint did not differ between arms, with procedure and ablation times being twice as long in the tailored arm. These results show that AI-guided ablation of spatio-temporal dispersion areas in addition to PVI is superior to PVI alone in eliminating AF at 1-year follow-up in patients with persistent and long-standing persistent AF. Ablation of subsequent organized atrial tachycardias may be needed to maintain sinus rhythm long term. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04702451 .
Uncertainty of risk estimates from clinical prediction models: rationale, challenges, and approaches
Authors: Richard D Riley, Gary S Collins, Laura Kirton, Kym Ie Snell, Joie Ensor, Rebecca Whittle, Paula Dhiman, Maarten van Smeden, Xiaoxuan Liu, Joseph Alderman, Krishnarajah Nirantharakumar, Jay Manson-Whitton, Andrew J Westwood, Jean-Baptiste Cazier, Karel G M Moons, Glen P Martin, Matthew Sperrin, Alastair K Denniston, Frank E Harrell, Lucinda Archer
Journal: BMJ (2025)
Cardiomyocyte PRL2 Promotes Cardiac Hypertrophy via Directly Dephosphorylating AMPKα2
Authors: Xue Han, Qiaojuan Shi, Yu Tu, Jiajia Zhang, Mengyang Wang, Weiqi Li, Yanan Liu, Ruyi Zheng, Jiajia Wei, Shiju Ye, Yanmei Zhang, Bozhi Ye, Yi Wang, Huazhong Ying, Guang Liang
Journal: Circulation Research (2025)

BACKGROUND: Pathological cardiac hypertrophy can result in heart failure. Protein dephosphorylation plays a primary role in the mediation of various cellular processes in cardiomyocytes. Here, we investigated the effects of a protein tyrosine phosphatase, PRL2 (phosphatase of regenerative liver 2), on pathological cardiac hypertrophy. METHODS: The PRL2 knockout mice were subjected to angiotensin II infusion or transverse aortic constriction to induce myocardial hypertrophy and cardiac dysfunction. RNA-sequencing analysis was performed to explore the underlying mechanisms. Mass spectrometry and bio-layer interferometry assays were used to identify AMPKα2 (AMP-activated protein kinase α2) as an interacting protein of PRL2. Mutant plasmids of AMPKα2 were used to clarify how PRL2 interacts and dephosphorylates AMPKα2. RESULTS: A significant upregulation of PRL2 was observed in hypertrophic myocardium tissues in mice and patients with heart failure. PRL2 deficiency alleviated cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and dysfunction in mice challenged with angiotensin II infusion or transverse aortic constriction. Transcriptomic and biochemical analyses showed that PRL2 knockout or silence maintained AMPK T172 phosphorylation and subsequent mitochondrial integrity in angiotensin II-challenged heart tissues or cardiomyocytes. Mass spectrometry-based interactome assay indicated AMPKα2 subunit as the substrate of PRL2. Mechanistically, PRL2 binds to the C-terminal domain of AMPKα2 and then dephosphorylates AMPKα2 T172 via its active site C46. Adeno-associated virus 9-mediated deficiency of cardiomyocyte PRL2 also protected cardiac mitochondrial function and showed cardioprotective effects in angiotensin II-challenged mice, but these benefits were not observed in AMPKα2 −/− mice. CONCLUSIONS: This study reveals that PRL2, as a novel AMPK-regulating phosphatase, promotes mitochondrial instability and hypertrophic injury in cardiomyocytes and provides PLR2 as a potential target for future drug development treating heart failure.
Response to Potestio et al., “Comment on “Real-world experience of bimekizumab for plaque psoriasis in adult patients with prior exposure to interleukin-17 inhibitors: A 16-week multicenter retrospective review”.
Authors: Siddhartha Sood, Alexander Rimke, Brian D Rankin, Abrahim Abduelmula, Jorge R Georgakopoulos, Khalad Maliyar, Ahmed Bagit, Fernejoy Leung, Alim R Devani, Ronald Vender, Jensen Yeung, Vimal H Prajapati
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2025)
Genetic risk variants implicate impaired maintenance and repair of periodontal tissues as causal for periodontitis—A synthesis of recent findings
Authors: Arne S. Schaefer, Luigi Nibali, Noha Zoheir, Niki M. Moutsopoulos, Bruno G. Loos
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2025)

Periodontitis is a complex inflammatory disease in which the host genome, in conjunction with extrinsic factors, determines susceptibility and progression. Genetic predisposition is the strongest risk factor in the first decades of life. As people age, chronic exposure to the periodontal microbiome puts a strain on the proper maintenance of barrier function. This review summarizes our current knowledge on genetic risk factors implicated in periodontitis, derived (i) from hypothesis-free systematic whole genome-profiling studies (genome-wide association studies [GWAS] and quantitative trait loci [QTL] mapping studies), and independently validated through further unbiased approaches; (ii) from monogenic and oligogenic forms of periodontitis; and (iii) from syndromic forms of periodontitis. The genes include, but are not limited to, SIGLEC5, PLG, ROBO2, ABCA1, PF4, and CTSC. Notably, CTSC and PLG gene mutations were also identified in non-syndromic and syndromic forms of prepubertal and early-onset periodontitis. The functions of the identified genes in this review suggest that the pathways affected by the periodontitis-associated gene variants converge in functions involved in the maintenance and repair of structural integrity of the periodontal tissues. Particularly, these genes play a role in the healing of inflamed and ulcerated periodontal tissues, including roles in fibrinolysis, extrusion of cellular debris, extracellular matrix remodeling and angiogenesis. Syndromes that include periodontitis in their phenotype indicate that neutrophils play an important role in the regulation of inflammation in the periodontium. The established genetic susceptibility genes therefore collectively provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms and plausible causal factors underlying periodontitis.
Time-restricted feeding promotes glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion and regulates appetite via tryptophan metabolism of gut <i>Lactobacillus</i> in pigs
Authors: Qiuke Li, Ding Tan, Shijie Xiong, Kaifan Yu, Yong Su, Weiyun Zhu
Journal: Gut Microbes (2025)

Previous clinical trials have shown that time-restricted feeding can be involved in regulating the metabolic health of humans and animals. However, the underlying mechanism has not been fully explored. In this study, the pig model was employed to simulate four prevalent human eating habits, with the aim of investigating the impact of gut microbiota and microbial metabolites on gut hormone secretion and appetite regulation. Compared to the ad libitum feeding (ALF) pattern, three time-restricted feeding patterns reduced total food intake and eating time. Meanwhile, three time-restricted feeding patterns induced elevated levels of serum and hypothalamic glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), while suppressing reward-related circuits in the hypothalamus. It is noteworthy that the early time-restricted feeding (eTRF) pattern increased the number of intestinal enteroendocrine cells (EECs) compared to ALF. Metagenomic and metabonomic analyses revealed that three time-restricted feeding patterns induced colonization of Lactobacillus and significantly increased the levels of its metabolite, indole-3-lactic acid (ILA). Dietary supplementation with ILA exhibited an increasing trend in fasting serum GLP-1 level of piglets. In vitro studies with pig intestinal organoids showed the Lactobacillus metabolite ILA enhanced GLP-1 secretion through the promotion of intestinal stem cell differentiation into EECs, rather than activating the ability of EECs to secrete GLP-1. Overall, time-restricted feeding promoted GLP-1 secretion and affected long-term appetite regulation by promoting the colonization of Lactobacillus and modulating microbial tryptophan metabolism.