tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
<i>Bacillus coagulans</i> ameliorates inflammatory bone loss in post-menopausal osteoporosis via modulating the “Gut-Immune-Bone” axis
Authors: Leena Sapra, Chaman Saini, Pradyumna K. Mishra, Bhavuk Garg, Sarika Gupta, Vikrant Manhas, Rupesh K. Srivastava
Journal: Gut Microbes (2025)

Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease that leads to lower bone mineral density and intensifies the risk of unexpected fractures. Recently, our group reported that numerical defect in the frequencies of Bregs along with their compromised tendency to produce IL-10 cytokine further aggravates inflammatory bone loss in post-menopausal osteoporosis (PMO). Dysbiosis induced mucosal injury and leaky gut are the predominant contributors involved in the progression of inflammatory diseases including PMO. Furthermore, several evidence suggest that gut microbial composition plays a crucial role in the development and differentiation of Bregs. Nevertheless, the potential role of dysbiotic gut microbiota (GM) and Bregs under estrogen deficient PMO conditions has never been deciphered. Here, we evaluated the role of GM in the onset and progression of PMO along with its role in modulating the anti-osteoporotic potential of Bregs. We found that enhancement in the endotoxin producing bacteria and concomitant reduction in the short chain fatty acids producing bacteria, both under pre-clinical and clinical osteoporotic condition augment inflammatory bone loss. This suggests that dysbiosis of GM potentially exacerbates bone deterioration under estrogen deficient PMO conditions. Remarkably, supplementation of probiotic Bacillus coagulans significantly improved the bone mineral density, bone strength, and bone microarchitecture by modulating the anti-osteoclastogenic, immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory potential of Bregs. The present study delves deeper into the role of immune homeostasis ("Breg-Treg-Th17" cell axis) and GM profile in the pathophysiology of PMO. Altogether, findings of the present study open novel therapeutic avenues, suggesting restoration of GM composition as one of the viable therapeutic options in mitigating inflammatory bone loss under PMO conditions via modulating the "Gut-Immune-Bone" axis.
Determining the variability associated with visual acuity and refractive error measurements: a systematic review
Authors: Casper van der Zee, Marc M Muijzer, Janneau Lj Claessens, Robert Pl Wisse
Journal: Ophthalmology (2025)

The goal of this systematic review was to evaluate the measurement variability of distance visual acuity (VA) and refractive error (RE). Accurately measuring VA and RE is fundamental to eyecare, however, no scientific consensus has been reached on the measurement variability. Scientific literature suggests limits of variability of ±0.15 Logarithm of the Minimum Angle of Resolution (LogMAR) for VA and ±0.5 Diopters (D) for RE. This lack of consensus on variability affects our clinical decision-making, regulations, and research. This systematic review was performed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines and was registered at PROSPERO (ID CRD42024554663). We searched the Medline, PubMed, and Embase databases. The Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 (QUADAS-2) tool was then used to assess the risk of bias (RoB). We included studies of adults that directly compared distance VA or RE and reported the Limits of Agreement (LoA) and mean difference. An overall summarized mean is reported in LoA and the certainty of evidence was assessed using GRADE. After applying the eligibility criteria, 12 studies reporting on VA and 6 studies reporting on RE were included. Six out of the 18 studies (33%) scored a low RoB in at least three out of four QUADAS-2 domains. In 25 out of 36 subgroups (69%), the LoA exceeded the suggested clinical accepted variability ranges for VA (±0.15LogMAR) or RE (±0.5D). The overall summarized mean is ±0.20LogMAR (95%CI 0.17;0.23) for VA and ±0.70D (95%CI 0.50;0.89) for RE. The GRADE certainty of evidence was very low. This study demonstrates that distance VA and RE measurements have a high measurement variability in adults, exceeding the suggested limits of variability (VA: ±0.15LogMAR, RE: ±0.5D). The evidence either fails to support the suggested limits of variability or is based on studies with methodological weaknesses, with a very low certainty of evidence. Methodological rigorous studies are therefore needed to accurately estimate the suggested limits of variability. For now, we propose using the overall summarized mean LoA obtained in our study as a provisional frame of reference (i.e. ±0.20LogMAR and ±0.70D).
Unlocking the power of affibody conjugated radioactive metallopharmaceuticals for targeted cancer diagnosis and therapy
Authors: Dhanashree Murugan, Harashkumar Vasanthakumari Thirumalaiswamy, Vasanth Murugesan, Janarthanan Venkatesan, Unnikrishnan Balachandran, Kalaiarasu Lakshminarayanan, Drishty Satpati, Stefan Nikolić, Loganathan Rangasamy
Journal: Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2025)
Vinpocetine-mediated multidimensional active targeted delivery across the blood-brain barrier
Authors: Zhongyi Ma, Xinlong Liu, Xinyu Xie, Yike Fang, Dingxi Jiang, Chen Zhao, Pingrong Li, Yu Fu, Lianghong Ye, Yuan Gao, Shuang Wu, Chong Li
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2025)
Ultrasound Trigger Ultrasmall Multifunction Nanobubbles for Thrombus Visual Treatment
Authors: Zijun Ma, Jiawei Wang, Maochun Zhang, Wenjun Liu, Lu Zhao, Shichun Wang, You Yang, Jinhong Yu, Ling Li
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2025)

Abstract Intravenous injection of thrombolytic drugs is the prevailing strategy for the treatment of thrombotic disease. However, its applications are limited due to hemorrhagic risk and thrombus microenvironment. In pursuit of visualized thrombolysis and inspired by the excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammatory factors within the thrombus site, an ultrasmall nanobubble (CeO 2 /MnO X @UK@PFP) for integration of imaging and therapy by low intensity pulse ultrasound (LIPUS) trigger is designed, which achieved the visual delivery of Urokinas (UK) and ROS scavenging agents to adjust thrombus microenvironment. In this study, CeO 2 /MnO X with ROS scavenging activity are prepared and wrapped with UK and perfluoropentane (PFP) by lipid layer, forming a CeO 2 /MnO X @UK@PFP. Under LIPUS, PFP undergoes phase transition from liquid to gas for real‐time imaging, meanwhile, CeO 2 /MnO X @UK@PFP is burst to release UK and CeO 2 /MnO X . UK is delivered to the side of the clot avoiding hemorrhagic risk. CeO 2 /MnO X @UK@PFP not only can detect the progression of thrombolytic treatment through ultrasound imaging (US) in real‐time but also play an important role in the elimination of excessive ROS at the thrombus microenvironment for protecting endangium. Taken together, the in vitro and in vivo experiments illustrated that CeO 2 /MnO X @UK@PFP displayed excellent efficiency in thrombolysis visual, anti‐inflammation, and ROS scavenging.
Influence of Hypoxia on a Biomaterial Model of the Bone Marrow Perivascular Niche
Authors: Gunnar B. Thompson, Victoria R. Barnhouse, Sydney K. Bierman, Brendan A.C. Harley
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2025)

Abstract Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) fate is shaped by distinct microenvironments termed niches within the bone marrow. Quiescence, expansion, and differentiation are directly and indirectly regulated by complex combinations of cell secretomes, cell‐cell interactions, mechanical signals, and metabolic factors including oxygen tension. The perivascular environment in the bone marrow has been implicated in guiding HSC fate. However, bone marrow presents an environment which is hypoxic (≈1‐4% O 2 ) relative to traditional cell culture conditions, and the study of hypoxia in vitro is complicated by the speed with which normoxic conditions during HSC isolation induce differentiation. There is a unique opportunity to use engineered models of the bone marrow to investigate the impact of defined hypoxia on HSC fate. Here, the coordinated impact of oxygen tension and the perivascular secretome upon murine hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) is examined in vitro. The findings highlight the importance of mitigating oxygen shock during cell isolation in engineered marrow models. We report a shift toward the Lineage − phenotype with hypoxic culture, expansion of HSPCs in response to perivascular niche conditioned medium, and enhanced HSPC maintenance in a hydrogel model of bone marrow in hypoxic culture when oxygen shock is mitigated during isolation using cyclosporin A.
Organoid Vascularization: Strategies and Applications
Authors: Qianmin Gao, Jian Wang, Hao Zhang, Jianhua Wang, Yingying Jing, Jiacan Su
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2025)

Abstract Organoids provide 3D structures that replicate native tissues in biomedical research. The development of vascular networks within organoids enables oxygen and nutrient delivery while facilitating metabolic waste removal, which supports organoid growth and maturation. Recent studies demonstrate that vascularized organoid models offer insights into tissue interactions and promote tissue regeneration. However, the current limitations in establishing functional vascular networks affect organoid growth, viability, and clinical translation potential. This review examines the development of vascularized organoids, including the mechanisms of angiogenesis and vasculogenesis, construction strategies, and biomedical applications. The approaches are categorized into in vivo and in vitro methods, with analysis of their specific advantages and limitations. The review also discusses emerging techniques such as bioprinting and gene editing for improving vascularization and functional integration in organoid‐based therapies. Current developments in organoid vascularization indicate potential applications in modeling human diseases and developing therapeutic strategies, contributing to advances in translational research.
Response to Comment on Christiaens et al. Diabetes Overtreatment and Hypoglycemia in Older Patients With Type 2 Diabetes on Insulin Therapy: Insights From the HYPOAGE Cohort Study. Diabetes Care 2025;48:61–66
Authors: Antoine Christiaens, Anne-Sophie Boureau, Samy Hadjadj, Bertrand Cariou
Journal: Diabetes Care (2025)
Historical redlining and mortality in children, adolescents, and young adults with cancer in California, 2000-2019
Authors: Kristine A Karvonen, Annie Vu, Katherine Lin, Joseph Gibbons, Jason A Mendoza, Eric J Chow, Lena E Winestone, Scarlett L Gomez
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2025)

Historical redlining, or the Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC) program's racially biased mortgage risk monitoring maps in the 1930s, is implicated in shaping modern neighborhoods and health outcomes. This retrospective cohort study evaluates the association between redlining and mortality in young cancer patients. Using the California Cancer Registry, we identified patients <25 years old diagnosed with malignant cancer between 2000-2019. HOLC maps were spatially joined with patient address at diagnosis to determine redlining status (A "Best", B "Still Desirable", C "Declining", D "Hazardous"). Census tract-level U.S. Census and American Community Survey data were appended to determine modern neighborhood characteristics. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to evaluate overall survival and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the associations between HOLC grade and mortality, adjusting for clinical and multilevel social drivers of health. In total 8,108 patients resided in HOLC-graded neighborhoods among 51,084 patients statewide. Overall survival at 5 years was inferior for patients who resided in D graded neighborhoods at diagnosis vs A graded neighborhoods (80.3%, 95% CI: 78.6-81.8 vs 88.5%, 95% CI: 84.3-91.6). Adjusting for clinical characteristics, patients in D graded neighborhoods experienced greater mortality (HR 1.32, 95% CI: 1.12-1.56) compared with those in A and B graded neighborhoods. Additional adjustment for insurance attenuated the effect (HR 1.17, 95%CI: 1.00-1.36) and for neighborhood socioeconomic status marginally attenuated the effect (HR 0.96, 95% CI: 0.81-1.13). Findings suggest enduring legacy effects of historical redlining on young individuals with cancer, potentially mediated social factors including health insurance.
Comment on Christiaens et al. Diabetes Overtreatment and Hypoglycemia in Older Patients With Type 2 Diabetes on Insulin Therapy: Insights From the HYPOAGE Cohort Study. Diabetes Care 2025;48:61–66
Authors: Ching-Yang Cheng, Chien-Ning Huang, Yi-Sun Yang, Edy Kornelius
Journal: Diabetes Care (2025)
Comparison of Insulin Titration Strategies for Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis
Authors: Kansak Boonpattharatthiti, Kirana Wechkunanukul, Noramon Mayang, E Lyn Lee, Anjana Fuangchan, Alice Y.Y. Cheng, Nathorn Chaiyakunapruk, Teerapon Dhippayom
Journal: Diabetes Care (2025)

BACKGROUND Adjusting basal insulin doses is essential for lowering blood glucose while minimizing the risk of hypoglycemia. Despite various basal insulin titration strategies being available, their comparative effectiveness remains unclear. PURPOSE To compare the effectiveness of different basal insulin titration strategies on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. DATA SOURCES PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), CINAHL, and EBSCO Open Dissertations were searched from inception to January 2024. STUDY SELECTION We included published trials with evaluation of basal insulin titration strategies for glycemic control in type 2 diabetes. DATA EXTRACTION Data on HbA1c and severe hypoglycemia were extracted. DATA SYNTHESIS Studies were categorized with the theme, intensity, and provider/platform (TIP) framework. “Theme” referred to conventional titration (Conv) or self-titration (ST), “intensity” was categorized as high (Conv, &amp;gt;1/month; ST, ≥2/week) or low (Conv, ≤1/month; ST, &amp;lt;2/week), and for “provider/platform” categories included supported by health care provider (HCP for Conv or S-HCP for ST), patient led (Pt), and supported by application (S-App). The ST/High/S-HCP strategy resulted in the greatest HbA1c reduction in comparison with all others (e.g., ST/High/S-App, mean difference −0.75 [95% CI −1.26, −0.25], and Conv/Low/HCP, −1.19 [95% CI −1.67, −0.72]). Severe hypoglycemia risk did not differ significantly across strategies. LIMITATIONS The number of studies per network meta-analysis was limited, and not all TIP combinations were evaluated. CONCLUSIONS Self-titration at least twice a week with health care provider support leads to superior HbA1c reduction in comparison with other strategies, without increasing the risk of severe hypoglycemia. This approach should be considered for clinical practice, where appropriate, to achieve optimal glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes.
High-Dose Semaglutide (Up to 16 mg) in People With Type 2 Diabetes and Overweight or Obesity: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 2 Trial
Authors: Vanita R. Aroda, Nils B. Jørgensen, Bharath Kumar, Ildiko Lingvay, Anne Sofie Laulund, John B. Buse
Journal: Diabetes Care (2025)

OBJECTIVE Studies have demonstrated dose-dependent efficacy of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists for glycemic control and body weight. The aim of this trial was to characterize the dose-dependent effects of semaglutide (up to 16 mg/week) in people with type 2 diabetes and overweight or obesity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In this parallel-group, participant- and investigator-blinded, phase 2 trial, 245 individuals with type 2 diabetes and BMI ≥27 kg/m2 on metformin were randomized to weekly semaglutide (2, 8, or 16 mg s.c.) or placebo for 40 weeks. Doses were escalated every 4 weeks, followed by a maintenance period. Dose modifications were not allowed. Primary and secondary efficacy end points included change from baseline to week 40 in HbA1c and body weight, respectively. RESULTS Estimated treatment difference between 16 and 2 mg was −0.3 percentage points (%-points) (95% CI −0.7 to 0.2; P = 0.245) for HbA1c change and −3.4 kg (−6.0 to −0.8; P = 0.011) for weight change for the treatment policy estimand and −0.5%-points (−1.0 to −0.1; P = 0.015) and −4.5 kg (−7.6 to −1.4; P = 0.004), respectively, for the hypothetical estimand. Dose-response modeling confirmed these findings. Treatment-emergent adverse events (AEs) and treatment discontinuations due to AEs, primarily gastrointestinal, were more frequent in the semaglutide 8 and 16 mg groups than in the 2 mg group. No severe hypoglycemic episodes were reported. CONCLUSIONS Higher semaglutide doses for type 2 diabetes and overweight or obesity provide modest additional glucose-lowering effect, with additional weight loss, at the expense of more AEs and treatment discontinuations. A study for evaluating high-dose semaglutide in obesity is currently underway.
Cryopreservable, scalable and ready-to-use cell-laden patches for diabetic ulcer treatment
Authors: Bangrui Yu, Lanlan Peng, Wenjun Dang, Ying Fu, Zhijie Li, Jinteng Feng, Heng Zhao, Tian Wang, Feng Xu, Martin L Yarmush, Haishui Huang
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2025)
Dual stream transformer for medication state classification in Parkinson’s disease patients using facial videos
Authors: Vasileios Skaramagkas, Iro Boura, Georgios Karamanis, Ioannis Kyprakis, Dimitrios I Fotiadis, Zinovia Kefalopoulou, Cleanthe Spanaki, Manolis Tsiknakis
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2025)

Hypomimia is a prominent, levodopa-responsive symptom in Parkinson's disease (PD). In our study, we aimed to distinguish ON and OFF dopaminergic medication state in a cohort of PD patients, analyzing their facial videos with a unique, interpretable Dual Stream Transformer model. Our approach integrated two streams of data: facial frame features and optical flow, processed through a transformer-based architecture. Various configurations of embedding dimensions, dense layer sizes, and attention heads were examined to enhance model performance. The final model, trained on 183 PD patients, attained an accuracy of 86% in differentiating between ON- and OFF-medication state. Moreover, uniform classification performance (up to 88%) was obtained across various stages of PD severity, as expressed by the Hoehn and Yahr (H&Y) scale. These values highlight the potential of our model as a non-invasive, cost-effective instrument for clinicians to remotely and accurately detect patients' response to treatment from early to more advanced PD stages.
Sequential simulation of regeneration-specific microenvironments using scaffolds loaded with nanoplatelet vesicles enhances bone regeneration
Authors: Wenshuai Li, Qichen Shen, Tong Tong, Hongsen Tian, Xiaowei Lian, Haoli Wang, Ke Yang, Zhanqiu Dai, Yijun Li, Xianhua Chen, Qingqing Wang, Dan Yang, Feng Wang, Feng Hao, Linfeng Wang
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2025)
Stepwise Anatomical Approach to Ablation of Intramural Outflow Tract Ventricular Arrhythmias Guided by Septal Coronary Venous Mapping
Authors: Andres Enriquez, Haran Yogasundaram, Victor Neira, Gustavo Guandalini, Timothy Markman, Poojita Shivamurthy, Matthew Hyman, Balaram Hanumanthu, David Lin, Robert Schaller, Gregory Supple, Sanjay Dixit, Rajat Deo, Saman Nazarian, Ramanan Kumareswaran, Michael Riley, Andrew E. Epstein, Vincent See, Erica Zado, David Callans, David Frankel, Francis Marchlinski, Fermin Garcia
Journal: Circulation (2025)

Background: Intramural site of origin is a major cause of ablation failure of ventricular arrhythmias and the optimal strategy is unclear. This study investigated the efficacy of a stepwise ablation approach for intramural outflow tract (OT) premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) guided by mapping of the septal coronary venous system. Methods: Consecutive patients with OT PVCs were included in which an intramural origin was confirmed by demonstration of earliest activation in a septal coronary vein. Radiofrequency ablation was performed from the closest endocardial site in the left (LVOT) and/or right ventricular OT (RVOT) independent of the local activation time. If there was no suppression by endocardial ablation, retrograde transvenous ethanol infusion with a single or double balloon technique was performed, targeting the earliest septal coronary vein. If venous anatomy was not suitable for ethanol ablation or if this failed, bipolar ablation was performed. Results: Sixty patients (age 61±12 years, 78% male) were included. The mean QRS duration of the PVC was 150.8±17.6 ms with a maximum deflection index of 0.51±0.11, and the most common ECG pattern was a left bundle branch block with inferior axis and V3 transition (63%) followed by a right bundle branch block with inferior axis and no transition (27%). Earliest ventricular activation (28.6±11.2 ms pre-QRS) was recorded in the left ventricular annular vein in 15 cases and a septal perforator vein in 45 cases. Acute PVC suppression at the end of the procedure was achieved in all cases. In 87% of cases (n=52), endocardial ablation from the endocardial LVOT, RVOT or both was successful in eliminating the PVC. In the remaining 8 patients, the PVC was eliminated with ethanol infusion (n=7) and bipolar ablation (n=1). Complications included one case of pericardial effusion related to venous mapping. During follow-up (17±24 months), the PVC burden was reduced from 28±12% to 2.3±4.7% and long-term success (≥80% burden reduction) was 88%. Conclusions: Most intramural OT PVCs can be successfully eliminated with endocardial ablation adjacent to the earliest intramural activation site. A high success rate is achieved when following a stepwise approach, with bailout ablation strategies required in a minority of cases.
Which trial do we need? A randomised controlled study to compare the protective efficacy of early post-exposure discontinuation versus standard atovaquone-proguanil malaria prophylaxis in a human Plasmodium falciparum challenge model
Authors: Jenny L Schnyder, Hanna K de Jong, Emmanuel B Bache, Reinier M van Hest, Sabine Bélard, Thomas Hanscheid, Peter G Kremsner, Martin P Grobusch
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2025)
Kinetics of the humoral and cellular immune response up to one year from mpox virus infection
Authors: V Mazzotta, G Matusali, E Cimini, F Colavita, R Esvan, S Notari, G Micheli, A Bettini, E Tartaglia, A Giacinta, R Casetti, S Vita, G Grassi, D Mariotti, A Oliva, J Paulicelli, G Prota, E Girardi, E Nicastri, F Maggi, A Antinori
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2025)
Atopic dermatitis starting in childhood has a stronger impact on adults: results from the “Scars of Life” international project in 27 countries
Authors: Jonathan I Silverberg, Roni Dodiuk-Gad, Roberto Takaoka, Jerry Tan, Chaoying Gu, Thomas Luger, Bruno Halioua, Flavia Aslanian, Cita Rosita Sigit Prakoeswa, Ann’Laure Demessant Flavigny, Caroline Le Floc’h, Nabil Kerrouche, Stéphanie Methand, Wendy Smith Begolka, África Luca de Tena Smith, Shulamit Burstein, Delphine Kerob, Charles Taieb, Charbel Skayem, Therdpong Tempark, Abraham Getachew Kelbore, Alexander Stratigos, Martin Steinhoff, Julien Seneschal, Laurent Misery
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2025)

Childhood-onset atopic dermatitis (AD) has a profound and lasting psychosocial impact compared to adult-onset AD. This study highlights higher stigmatization scores and greater relational, social, and professional challenges in individuals with early-onset AD, underscoring the need for comprehensive care that addresses both dermatological and psychological aspects of the disease.
Metal-phenolic networks reverse the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment via dual metabolism regulation and immunogenic cell death
Authors: Hoyeon Nam, Heewon Park, Mi Kwon Son, In Kang, Yuri Choi, Susam Lee, Sejin Kim, Seungcheol Kim, Hyunwoo Kim, Jae-Byum Chang, Yong-Kyu Lee, Yeu-Chun Kim
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2025)