tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 229: Are There Any Cultural Barriers to Automated External Defibrillator Use in Middle Eastern Countries?
Authors: Orla H Merrigan
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: To date, no study has explored the role of cultural barriers to use of an Automated External Defibrillator (AED) in Arab Gulf countries. This study examines the role of ethnicity on acceptability ratings for resuscitation and use of an AED. Methods: Male and female respondents (n=345) at an exhibition completed a questionnaire assessing knowledge and attitudes towards the use of an AED in sudden cardiac arrest situations in a public setting. Participants were provided with one of twelve different photographed vignette scenarios of a victim in cardiac arrest with a rescuer of three different ethnic groups (European, Indian Sub-Continent and Arab). Participants then completed acceptability ratings in relation to CPR, AED and x use. Results: Results demonstrated no significant effect of gender in relation to AED usage but a significant difference between those who know what an AED was used for and those who did not. Significant differences were found on acceptability ratings of questions in relation to CPR, AED and X when the victim was female. Specifically, participants were significantly more likely to express low acceptability ratings for male rescuer intervention when the male was from the Indian sub-continent. No differences were observed between scores in relation to a European male rescuer and an Arab male rescuer. Conclusion This study indicates a lack of knowledge and awareness in the Bahraini population in relation to the correct function of AED and when it should be used. Specific ethnic grouping of the Indian sub-continent appears to be a barrier to both AED use and CPR when the victim is an Arab female. This has implications for the delivery of training in AED usage and possibly the selection of those who should be trained. Any area in Gulf Arab countries, who purchase an AED, should ensure that a majority of female rescuers should be trained in cardiopulmonary resuscitation and use of the AED.
Periocular Corticosteroid Injections in Uveitis
Authors: H. Nida Sen, Susan Vitale, Sapna S. Gangaputra, Robert B. Nussenblatt, Teresa L. Liesegang, Grace A. Levy-Clarke, James T. Rosenbaum, Eric B. Suhler, Jennifer E. Thorne, C. Stephen Foster, Douglas A. Jabs, John H. Kempen
Journal: Ophthalmology (2014)
Investigations help to confirm diagnosis
Authors: S M Robinson
Journal: BMJ (1995)

teaching, intraosseous access may be secured without difficulty and should be considered in any paediatric emergency in which intravenous access cannot be secured promptly.Bolus and infusion doses of adrenaline can be given safely by this route, as can other pharmacological agents recommended in anaphylaxis.In children with signs of upper airway ob- struction caused by laryngeal mucosal oedema, nebulised adrenaline may lead to prompt resolution of stridor.5It should be given as a dose of either 0 05 ml of a 2-25% (racemic) solution/kg diluted to 2 ml with normal saline or, more conveniently, as 0 5 ml of a 1/1000 solution/kg (to a maximum of 5 ml).The child whose clinical history prompted Fisher's review would probably have benefited from this treatment.Finally, in both his article and the summary in "This week in BMY" Fisher states that oxygen should be given in severe anaphylaxis.We prefer the recommendations of the Association of Anaes- thetists of Great Britain and Ireland that oxygen should be given in all cases ofanaphylaxis regardless of the initial severity.3Hypoxaemia will develop quickly if a patient suddenly develops airway obstruction as a late complication of an initially mild attack.
STUDIES OF CELL POTENCIES AND SOME RELATIONS TO NEOPLASIA
Authors: Stanley P. Reimann
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1934)

Article1 October 1934STUDIES OF CELL POTENCIES AND SOME RELATIONS TO NEOPLASIASTANLEY P. REIMANNSTANLEY P. REIMANNSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-8-4-504 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThere is a timed sequence of three fundamentals concerned in any increase in cell number in multicellular organisms, and these are the processes of proliferation, differentiation and organization. Since they are dynamic processes which proceed in regular but overlapping order at any given stage of growth and development, it is exceedingly difficult to experiment with them in the higher animals, including man. Both observation and experiment are easier in lower animals, and because they are so fundamental and occur in all types of living things, it is justified to study them in any organisms in which the experimental conditions can...Bibliography HAMMETT FS: Proliferative reaction of skin to sulfhydryl and its biological significance, Protoplasma, 1931, xiii, 331-347. CrossrefGoogle Scholar HAMMETTHAMMETT FSDW: The influence of sulfhydryl and sulfoxide on differential growth within the regenerating chela of the hermit crab (Pagurus longicarpus), Protoplasma, 1932, xvi, 253-286. CrossrefGoogle Scholar HAMMETTHAMMETT FSDW: The influence of sulfhydryl on the formation of aberrant disorganized overgrowths in the regenerating right chela of the hermit crab (Pagurus longicarpus), Protoplasma, 1932, xvii, 321-358. Google Scholar REIMANN SP: Hyperplastic reaction of skin to sulfhydryl and its significance in neoplasia, Am. Jr. Cancer (supp.), 1931, xv, 2149-2168. Google Scholar REIMANN SP: Aberrant growths in regenerating claws of hermit crab under influence of sulfhydryl; their relation to neoplasia, Arch. Path., 1933, xv, 675-697. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania*Received for publication June 2, 1934.From the Lankenau Hospital Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byKrebs durch chemische StoffeKrebs durch chemische Stoffe 1 October 1934Volume 8, Issue 4Page: 504-508KeywordsCell differentiationCell proliferation ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 October 1934 PDF downloadLoading ...
Researchers identify gene associated with asthma
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2002)

A joint US and UK consortium of researchers has identified a gene associated with airways remodelling in asthma, which offers a potential new target for developing drugs that can prevent changes in lung tissue that result in hyper-responsiveness.

The researchers performed a genome-wide scan on 460 white families with “sib-pairs” (children having the same biological parents) diagnosed with asthma and being treated for the condition. They identified a locus on chromosome 20p13 that was linked to asthma (log10 of the likelihood ratio 2.94) and bronchial hyper-responsiveness (3.93).

The gene—ADAM33 (a disintegrin and metalloprotease)—was found to be significantly associated with asthma, a range of linkage analyses; including case-control, transmission, disequilibrium, and haplotype analyses, was used. The findings were published on 10 July on Nature's advance online publication (www.nature.com/nature).

Stephen Holgate, Medical Research Council professor of medicine at the University of Southampton and leader of the research group, said: “This is really exciting. ADAM33 is the first major novel gene from a whole genome scan to be identified as being a key component in asthma.”

Professor Holgate suggested that the identification of ADAM33 had important implications for developing new ways of treating asthma. Current treatments for asthma target the allergic component of asthma or dilate constricted airways, but it may be possible to develop therapies targeted at ADAM33 and its products to prevent the onset of airways remodelling even if the allergic component of asthma is present.

“Eventually it might be possible to screen infants for mutations in the gene, to identify those at risk of developing asthma—and then institute preventive measures to stop the gene being switched on,” Professor Holgate proposed.
Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody as first-line treatment of post-transplant B-lymphoproliferative disorders in solid organ transplant recipients. A report of 8 cases observed in a single center
Authors: Alain Kentos, Christiane Knoop, Karl Martin Wissing, Valérie Robin, Myriam Remmelink, Christian Garbar, Serge Goldman, Hakim El Housni, Walter Feremans, Marc Estenne
Journal: Blood (2001)
PWE-077 Pattern distribution of Barrett's oesophagus based on two-dimensional reconstruction of macroscopic findings at endoscopy
Authors: A Gupta, J M Dunn, S M Thorpe, M R Banks, S G Bown, L B Lovat
Journal: Gut (2010)

<h3>Introduction</h3> With the advent of capsule endoscopy, automated detection of Barrett9s columnar lined oesophagus (BE) becomes achievable. This might allow screening to be undertaken in a non-specialist setting. We have shown that elastic scattering spectroscopy, which could be incorporated into a capsule, accurately differentiates squamous from columnar mucosa but cannot reliably differentiate gastric from oesophageal columnar mucosa. We hypothesise that the shape of BE distribution may hold a key to this. The aim of this study, therefore, was to determine whether there are distinctive macroscopic shapes of Barrett9s columnar lined oesophagus which could be used for automated detection. <h3>Methods</h3> Sixty-five patients (53 men, median age 69, range 45–83) with dysplastic BE, who were being assessed for endoscopic therapy between 2006 and 2009, had visual mapping of each quadrant of BE every 1 cm at endoscopy. The maps were reconstructed in electronic format, as two-dimensional, colour-coded visual representations, using Microsoft Excel programming. This allows for easy observation and interpretation of the macroscopic BE pattern distribution. BE patterns were described as Circumferential, Islands and Tongues and basic parametric statistics were applied. <h3>Results</h3> Fifty-nine patients (92%) had a hiatus hernia (mean length 2.9 cm). Mean length BE was 7.6 cm; only two patients had short segment (&lt;3 cm). Overall, 55 patients (85%) had some element of circumferential BE (mean length 6.1 cm) and 50 patients (77%) had at least one tongue of BE (19 had 2 tongues). The mean tongue length was 2.7 cm and the mean circumferential extent of tongues was 49%. Most tongues were cephalad in shape, but 15% of tongues also had circumferential projections. In 11 patients (17%), there was also at least one island of squamous tissue and three patients had islands of columnar tissue cephalad to the confluent BE segment. If the presence of tongues or islands were used as the criteria for automatic detection of BE, 80% of our patients would have been correctly diagnosed. <h3>Conclusion</h3> We have developed an electronic mapping tool which provides a quick and simple method of describing macroscopic visual patterns in BE. The morphology of BE usually involves tongues or islands. Automated detection based on these features would identify 80% of cases. We need to apply this mapping to patients with non-dysplastic and short segment BE, as well as to patients with oesophagitis, to see if its use is more widely applicable.
Abstract 198: Dexmedetomidine During CPR Blunts the Increase in Oxygen Consumption in Early ROSC
Authors: Srinivasarao Badugu, Andre Shih, Giridhar Kaliki Venkata, Ikram Haque, Arno Zaritsky, Jai P Udassi
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Cardiac arrest significantly increases endogenous catecholamines, which stimulates increased oxygen consumption after ROSC. In animals, adrenergic blockade during and immediately after CPR improves post arrest cardiac function. Dexmedetomodine has sympatholytic effects both in animal and human studies. Hypothesis: Dexmedetomidine given during CPR reduces oxygen consumption after ROSC as compared with standard CPR. Methods Sixteen anesthetized &amp; ventilated (2 months old) farm pigs (UF Research Swine) of either sex were blindly randomized (8/group) after induction of ventricular fibrillation (via direct right ventricular current) to receive either dexmedetomidine (2 mcg/kg) or saline placebo after the first minute of chest compressions during CPR per AHA guidelines. Chest compressions were delivered at 100/min by a pneumatic compressor device (Thumper, Michigan instruments, USA) and 21% FiO 2 was used for ventilation. Oxygen consumption was measured from exhaled gas analysis at 15, 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes after ROSC using a metabolic measurement system (TrueOne® 2400, Parvomedics, USA). Data (mean±SD) was analyzed using a mixed linear model (SAS Proc MIXED). We used an unpaired t-test for the differences between groups at each time point; p-value ≤0.05 was considered significant. Results Oxygen consumption (% change from baseline) was significantly lower in the dexmedetomidine group, 121%±4.16, vs. Saline, 143%±5.32, p=0.0093. Dexmedetomidine group had significantly lower oxygen consumption at 15 minutes (111%±22 vs. 150%±29, p =0.0365) and at 30 minutes (114%±24 vs.151%±19, p =0.0122. The oxygen consumption was not significantly different at 60, 90 and 120 minutes. There was no difference between groups with reference to time to ROSC and doses of epinephrine given. Conclusions. Dexmedetomidine, when given during the initial cycle of chest compressions during CPR, attenuates the elevated oxygen consumption during the post ROSC period. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effects of higher doses or continuous infusion and the optimal time of administration.
Second Generation Direct-Acting Antiviral Agents Eradicate Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) but Exacerbate Thrombocytopenia in a Patient with HCV-Associated Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP): Case Report
Authors: Le Min Lee, Max E Johansen, Wenche Jy, Lawrence L Horstman, Yeon-Soong Ahn
Journal: Blood (2014)
ICL-induced miR139-3p and miR199a-3p have opposite roles in hematopoietic cell expansion and leukemic transformation
Authors: Mir Farshid Alemdehy, Jurgen R. Haanstra, Hans W. J. de Looper, Paulina M. H. van Strien, Judith Verhagen-Oldenampsen, Yvette Caljouw, Mathijs A. Sanders, Remco Hoogenboezem, Arnoud H. de Ru, George M. C. Janssen, Stephanie E. Smetsers, Marc B. Bierings, Peter A. van Veelen, Marieke von Lindern, Ivo P. Touw, Stefan J. Erkeland
Journal: Blood (2015)
Blepharophimosis, Ptosis, Epicanthus Inversus Syndrome Associated with True Hermaphroditism.
Authors: R. M. Hirosawa, M. Marivo, F. G. Neto, G. L. Souza, Vânia dos Santos Nunes, A. B. A. Santos, C. I. R. Coelho, Anaglória Pontes, Célia Regina Nogueira, F. C. Galan, A. C. Oliveira, D. C. L. Oliveira
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2010)
SOME OBSERVATIONS ON POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL EDUCATION
Authors: R M BECKER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1953)

Article1 March 1953SOME OBSERVATIONS ON POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL EDUCATIONROBERT M. BECKER, M.D.ROBERT M. BECKER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-38-3-568 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptA stimulating consequence of today's intensive laboratory and clinical investigation is the continuous unfolding of new ideas and more accurate concepts of the pathogenesis, the diagnosis and the treatment of diseases. There are two major avenues by which these new concepts may reach the practicing physician: (1) postgraduate education, and (2) current medical literature. The former is the more effective and desirable; the latter is becoming too voluminous to be sifted effectively by the individual. The medical profession's awareness of the increasing importance of postgraduate education is acute and universal.After teaching a circuit-type postgraduate course in internal medicine in... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Madison, Wisconsin*Received for publication June 20, 1952. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 March 1953Volume 38, Issue 3Page: 568-572KeywordsClinical laboratoriesMedical educationPathogenesisResearch laboratories ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 March 1953 PDF downloadLoading ...
THE LOCALIZATION OF SUPRATENTORIAL TUMORS OF THE BRAIN BY OLFACTORY TESTS
Authors: Charles A. Elsberg
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1936)

Article1 July 1936THE LOCALIZATION OF SUPRATENTORIAL TUMORS OF THE BRAIN BY OLFACTORY TESTSCHARLES A. ELSBERG, M.D.CHARLES A. ELSBERG, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-10-1-49 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIn a series of papers published in the Bulletin of the Neurological Institute of New York (1935, 1936) new quantitative procedures for the examination of the olfactory sense were described. One of the procedures was called blast injection of odors and consists of the injection of measured volumes of odor into one or both nasal passages during short periods of voluntary cessation of breathing. In this procedure the pressure under which the blast of odor is released into the nose takes the place of the force of the ordinary inspiratory movement.The smallest number of cubic centimeters of an odor... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New York, N. Y.*Read by invitation at the meeting of the American College of Physicians, Detroit, Michigan, March 2, 1936. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byStörungen des Gehörs und des Geruchs bei endokraniellen ErkrankungenAUSTENITIC GRAIN SIZE IN STEEL. 1 July 1936Volume 10, Issue 1Page: 49-57KeywordsBrainBreathing ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 July 1936 PDF downloadLoading ...
基于一个大型随机试验预测稳定性心绞痛队列患者死亡、心肌梗死和卒中的危险评分者冠状动脉造影或血管重建率（占29％的患者）。结论该危险评分对客观地决定稳定性心绞痛患者进一步治疗措施以减少重要预后事件发生是有帮助的。该危险评分同样可以用于将来的计划性试验。
Authors: Tim, Clayton, Jacobus, Lubsen, Stuart, Pocock, Zoltan, Voko, Bridgent-Anne, Kirwan, Keith, Fox, Philip, Poole-Wilson
Journal: BMJ (2006)

目的对需要抗心绞痛治疗并且左心室功能代偿症状稳定的心绞痛患者建立预测全因死亡、心肌梗死和导致致残性卒中的复合危险评分。设计大型多中心临床试验数据的多变量Cox回归分析。背景西欧、以色列、加拿大、澳大利亚和新西兰的心脏专科门诊患者。入选者7311例具有全部需要资料的患者被人选。主要结局的测量指标平均随访4．9年时间内所有原因的死亡、心肌梗死或者致残性卒中。结果1063例患者发生任何原因死亡或者持久性心肌梗死或者致残性卒中。这些复合终点的5年危险性在危险性最低的十分位患者为4％，而在危险性最高的十分位患者为35％。危险评分结合16项临床常规变量的降序排序是：年龄、左心室射血分数、吸烟、白细胞计数、糖尿病、随机血糖浓度、肌酐浓度、既往卒中病史、1周至少1次心绞痛发作、冠状动脉造影发现（如果能够获得）、降脂治疗、QT间期、收缩期血压≥150mmHg、抗心绞痛药物数量、陈旧性心肌梗死以及性别。把这个模型分别应用于任何原因所致的死亡、心肌梗死和卒中进行预测评估，所得的结果相似。危险评分似乎不能预测事件性质（39％的死亡、46％心肌梗死以及15％致残性卒中）或者冠状动脉造影或血管重建率（占29％的患者）。结论该危险评分对客观地决定稳定性心绞痛患者进一步治疗措施以减少重要预后事件发生是有帮助的。该危险评分同样可以用于将来的计划性试验。
Abstract 1658: Low-dose of β Blocker Improves Cardiac Function in Patients With Acute Heart Failure Partly by Inhibiting Ca2+ Leak Through the Ryanodine Receptor
Authors: Shigeki Kobayashi, Takeo Tanaka, Takehisa Susa, Makoto Ono, Hitoshi Uchinoumi, Shinichi Okuda, Masahiro Doi, Syuji Kawamura, Takeshi Yamamoto, Masafumi Yano, Masunori Matsuzaki
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background: Although β blocker is inappropriate for patients with acute heart failure (AHF), low-dose of β blocker, which has modest negative chronotropic (but less inotropic) effect, may improve cardiac function in AHF patients. Here, we investigated whether low-dose of β blocker improves cardiac function in human AHF(Protocol 1), and if so, we clarified the cardioprotective mechanism using isolated canine failing cardiomyocytes(Protocol 2). Methods and Results: In 16 AHF patients (Killip’s classifications;III(n=11) and IV(n=5); heart rate; 115±15 bpm; LVEF; 23 ±5%; Cardiac index(CI), 2.2±0.5 l/min/m2; PCWP, 26±8mmHg), who first underwent conventional therapy by milrinone, vasodilators, and diuretics, we added landiolol (1.5– 6.0 μg/kg/min; i.v.), which is an ultra-short acting β1-selective blocker, to study its effect on hemodynamics. Low-dose of landiolol (1.5–3.0 μg/kg/min) significantly reduced heart rate by 11–15% and rate pressure product, without changing blood pressure (BP), CI and PCWP, whereas ...
First-episode mania in late life
Authors: M Tohen, K I Shulman, A Satlin
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1994)

Among 14 elderly patients (mean age = 74.6 years) with first-episode mania who were followed for 3 to 10 years, men had a higher risk of mortality. Compared to 36 elderly patients with multiple episodes of mania, patients with first-episode mania were twice as likely to have a comorbid neurological disorder (71% [N = 10] versus 28% [N = 10]). Mania in the elderly appears to be a heterogeneous disorder.
The dexamethasone suppression index: enhancement of DST diagnostic utility for depression by expressing serum cortisol as a function of serum dexamethasone
Authors: G W Arana, S Reichlin, R Workman, R Haaser, R I Shader
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1988)

The authors sought to determine whether the performance of the dexamethasone suppression test (DST) could be enhanced by expressing cortisol as a function of dexamethasone. Because cortisol concentration is a function of the reciprocal of dexamethasone concentration, this relationship was approximated by calculating the product of cortisol and dexamethasone as a dexamethasone suppression index. Preliminary assessment of test performance measures (sensitivity, specificity, and predictive power) showed that use of the dexamethasone suppression index was an improvement over the use of cortisol levels alone. Factoring dexamethasone levels into post-dexamethasone cortisol level measures may enhance the utility of neuroendocrine assessment in psychiatry.
Remote modulation of neural activities via near-infrared triggered release of biomolecules
Authors: Wei Li, Rongcong Luo, Xudong Lin, Amol D. Jadhav, Zicong Zhang, Li Yan, Chung-Yuan Chan, Xianfeng Chen, Jufang He, Chia-Hung Chen, Peng Shi
Journal: Biomaterials (2015)