tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A modified Mediterranean-style diet enhances brain function via specific gut-microbiome-brain mechanisms
Authors: Gwoncheol Park, Saurabh Kadyan, Nathaniel Hochuli, Julie Pollak, Bo Wang, Gloria Salazar, Paramita Chakrabarty, Philip Efron, Julia Sheffler, Ravinder Nagpal
Journal: Gut Microbes (2024)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a debilitating brain disorder with rapidly mounting prevalence worldwide, yet no proven AD cure has been discovered. Using a multi-omics approach in a transgenic AD mouse model, the current study demonstrated the efficacy of a modified Mediterranean-ketogenic diet (MkD) on AD-related neurocognitive pathophysiology and underlying mechanisms related to the gut-microbiome-brain axis. The findings revealed that MkD induces profound shifts in the gut microbiome community and microbial metabolites. Most notably, MkD promoted growth of the Lactobacillus population, resulting in increased bacteria-derived lactate production. We discovered elevated levels of microbiome- and diet-derived metabolites in the serum as well, signaling their influence on the brain. Importantly, these changes in serum metabolites upregulated specific receptors that have neuroprotective effects and induced alternations in neuroinflammatory-associated pathway profiles in hippocampus. Additionally, these metabolites displayed strong favorable co-regulation relationship with gut-brain integrity and inflammatory markers, as well as neurobehavioral outcomes. The findings underscore the ameliorative effects of MkD on AD-related neurological function and the underlying gut-brain communication via modulation of the gut microbiome-metabolome arrays.
Letter to the editor: pre-emptive infiltration with betamethasone and ropivacaine for postoperative pain in laminoplasty and laminectomy (PRE-EASE): a prospective randomized controlled trial
Authors: Peng Ye, Xuan Pan, Ting Zheng, Xiaochun Zheng
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

aDepartment of Anesthesiology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China bFujian Emergency Medical Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Provincial Co-Constructed Laboratory of "Belt and Road", Fuzhou, China Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article Published online ■ ■ *Corresponding Author. Address: No.134, Dongjie, Fuzhou 350001, China. E-mail address: [email protected] (X. Zheng). This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work, even for commercial purposes, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Effects of a change in recall period on reporting severe symptoms: an analysis of a pragmatic multisite trial
Authors: Roshan Paudel, Andrea C Enzinger, Hajime Uno, Christine Cronin, Sandra L Wong, Don S Dizon, Hannah Hazard Jenkins, Jessica Bian, Raymond U Osarogiagbon, Roxanne E Jensen, Sandra A Mitchell, Deborah Schrag, Michael J Hassett
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2024)

Abstract Background Optimal methods for deploying electronic patient-reported outcomes to manage symptoms in routine oncologic practice remain uncertain. The electronic symptom management (eSyM) program asks chemotherapy and surgery patients to self-report 12 common symptoms regularly. Feedback from nurses and patients led to changing the recall period from the past 7 days to the past 24 hours. Methods Using questionnaires submitted during the 16 weeks surrounding the recall period change, we assessed the likelihood of reporting severe or moderate and severe symptoms across 12 common symptoms and separately for the 5 most prevalent symptoms. Interrupted time-series analyses modeled the effects of the change using generalized linear mixed-effects models. Surgery and chemotherapy cohorts were analyzed separately. Study-wide effects were estimated using a meta-analysis method. Results In total, 1692 patients from 6 institutions submitted 7823 eSyM assessments during the 16 weeks surrounding the recall period change. Shortening the recall period was associated with lower odds of severe symptom reporting in the surgery cohort (odds ratio = 0.65, 95% confidence interval = 0.46 to 0.93; P = .02) and lower odds of moderate and severe symptom reporting in the chemotherapy cohort (odds ratio = 0.83, 95% confidence interval = 0.71 to 0.97; P = .02). Among the most prevalent symptoms, 24-hour recall was associated with a lower rate of reporting postoperative constipation but no differences in reporting rates for other symptoms. Conclusion A shorter recall period was associated with a reduction in the proportion of patients reporting moderate-severe symptoms. The optimal recall period may vary depending on whether electronic patient-reported outcomes are collected for active symptom management, as a clinical trial endpoint, or another purpose. ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT03850912.
Peptide‐Based Hydrogel for Nanosystems Encapsulation: the Next Generation of Localized Delivery Systems for the Treatment of Intestinal Inflammations
Authors: Valentina Andretto, Annalisa Rosso, Serena Zilio, Jacqueline Sidi‐Boumedine, Gilles Boschetti, Sharanya Sankar, Marie Buffier, Adriana Erica Miele, Morgane Denis, Pierre‐Antoine Choffour, Stéphanie Briançon, Stéphane Nancey, David Kryza, Giovanna Lollo
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Conventional therapies for inflammatory bowel diseases are mainly based on systemic treatments which cause side effects and toxicity over long-term administration. Nanoparticles appear as a valid alternative to allow a preferential accumulation in inflamed tissues following oral administration while reducing systemic drug exposure. To increase their residence time in the inflamed intestine, the nanoparticles are here associated with a hydrogel matrix. A bioadhesive peptide-based hydrogel is mixed with nanoemulsions, creating a hybrid lipid-polymer nanocomposite. Mucopenetrating nanoemulsions of 100 nm are embedded in a scaffold constituted of the self-assembling peptide hydrogel product PuraStat. The nanocomposite is fully characterized to study the impact of lipid particles in the hydrogel structure. Rheological measurements and circular dichroism analyses are performed to investigate the system's microstructure and physical properties. Biodistribution studies demonstrate that the nanocomposite acts as a depot in the stomach and facilitates the slow release of the nanoemulsions in the intestine. Efficacy studies upon oral administration of the drug-loaded system show the improvement of the disease score in a mouse model of intestinal inflammation.
Lupus autoantibodies initiate neuroinflammation sustained by continuous HMGB1:RAGE signaling and reversed by increased LAIR-1 expression
Authors: Kaitlin R. Carroll, Mark Mizrachi, Sean Simmons, Bahtiyar Toz, Czeslawa Kowal, Jeffrey Wingard, Nazila Tehrani, Aida Zarfeshani, Nina Kello, Lara El Khoury, Rachel Weissman-Tsukamoto, Joshua Z. Levin, Bruce T. Volpe, Betty Diamond
Journal: Nature Immunology (2024)
Shotgun metagenomics and systemic targeted metabolomics highlight indole-3-propionic acid as a protective gut microbial metabolite against influenza infection
Authors: Séverine Heumel, Vinícius de Rezende Rodovalho, Charlotte Urien, Florian Specque, Patrícia Brito Rodrigues, Cyril Robil, Lou Delval, Valentin Sencio, Amandine Descat, Lucie Deruyter, Stéphanie Ferreira, Marina Gomes Machado, Adeline Barthelemy, Fabiola Silva Angulo, Joel. T Haas, Jean François Goosens, Isabelle Wolowczuk, Corinne Grangette, Yves Rouillé, Ghjuvan Grimaud, Marie Lenski, Benjamin Hennart, Marco Aurélio Ramirez Vinolo, François Trottein
Journal: Gut Microbes (2024)

The gut-to-lung axis is critical during respiratory infections, including influenza A virus (IAV) infection. In the present study, we used high-resolution shotgun metagenomics and targeted metabolomic analysis to characterize influenza-associated changes in the composition and metabolism of the mouse gut microbiota. We observed several taxonomic-level changes on day (D)7 post-infection, including a marked reduction in the abundance of members of the Lactobacillaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae families, and an increase in the abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila. On D14, perturbation persisted in some species. Functional scale analysis of metagenomic data revealed transient changes in several metabolic pathways, particularly those leading to the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), polyamines, and tryptophan metabolites. Quantitative targeted metabolomics analysis of the serum revealed changes in specific classes of gut microbiota metabolites, including SCFAs, trimethylamine, polyamines, and indole-containing tryptophan metabolites. A marked decrease in indole-3-propionic acid (IPA) blood level was observed on D7. Changes in microbiota-associated metabolites correlated with changes in taxon abundance and disease marker levels. In particular, IPA was positively correlated with some Lactobacillaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae species (Limosilactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus animalis) and negatively correlated with Bacteroidales bacterium M7, viral load, and inflammation markers. IPA supplementation in diseased animals reduced viral load and lowered local (lung) and systemic inflammation. Treatment of mice with antibiotics targeting IPA-producing bacteria before infection enhanced viral load and lung inflammation, an effect inhibited by IPA supplementation. The results of this integrated metagenomic-metabolomic analysis highlighted IPA as an important contributor to influenza outcomes and a potential biomarker of disease severity.
Quantifying Multipollutant Health Impacts Using the Environmental Benefits Mapping and Analysis Program–Community Edition (BenMAP-CE): A Case Study in Atlanta, Georgia
Authors: Evan Coffman, Ana G. Rappold, Rachel C. Nethery, Jim Anderton, Meredith Amend, Melanie A. Jackson, Henry Roman, Neal Fann, Kirk R. Baker, Jason D. Sacks
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2024)

Air pollution risk assessments do not generally quantify health impacts using multipollutant risk estimates, but instead use results from single-pollutant or copollutant models. Multipollutant epidemiological models account for pollutant interactions and joint effects but can be computationally complex and data intensive. Risk estimates from multipollutant studies are therefore challenging to implement in the quantification of health impacts.
Physical activity and body mass related to catch-up lung function growth in childhood: a population-based accelerated cohort study
Authors: Sarah Koch, Gabriela Prado Peralta, Anne-Elie Carsin, Alicia Abellan, Celine Roda, Maties Torrent, Carmen Iñiguez, Ferran Ballester, Amparo Ferrero, Carlos Zabaleta, Aitana Lertxundi, Mònica Guxens, Martine Vrijheid, Jordi Sunyer, Maribel Casas, Judith Garcia-Aymerich
Journal: Thorax (2024)

The existence of catch-up lung function growth and its predictors is uncertain. We aimed to identify lung function trajectories and their predictors in a population-based birth cohort.
Age-related ciliopathy: Obesogenic shortening of melanocortin-4 receptor-bearing neuronal primary cilia
Authors: Manami Oya, Yoshiki Miyasaka, Yoshiko Nakamura, Miyako Tanaka, Takayoshi Suganami, Tomoji Mashimo, Kazuhiro Nakamura
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2024)

Obesity is often associated with aging. However, the mechanism of age-related obesity is unknown. The melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) mediates leptin-melanocortin anti-obesity signaling in the hypothalamus. Here, we discovered that MC4R-bearing primary cilia of hypothalamic neurons progressively shorten with age in rats, correlating with age-dependent metabolic decline and increased adiposity. This "age-related ciliopathy" is promoted by overnutrition-induced upregulation of leptin-melanocortin signaling and inhibited or reversed by dietary restriction or the knockdown of ciliogenesis-associated kinase 1 (CILK1). Forced shortening of MC4R-bearing cilia in hypothalamic neurons by genetic approaches impaired neuronal sensitivity to melanocortin and resulted in decreased brown fat thermogenesis and energy expenditure and increased appetite, finally developing obesity and leptin resistance. Therefore, despite its acute anti-obesity effect, chronic leptin-melanocortin signaling increases susceptibility to obesity by promoting the age-related shortening of MC4R-bearing cilia. This study provides a crucial mechanism for age-related obesity, which increases the risk of metabolic syndrome.
Immunocytokines with target cell–restricted IL-15 activity for treatment of B cell malignancies
Authors: Latifa Zekri, Ilona Hagelstein, Melanie Märklin, Boris Klimovich, Mary Christie, Cornelia Lindner, Sofie Kämereit, Nisha Prakash, Stefanie Müller, Sophie Stotz, Andreas Maurer, Carsten Greve, Bastian Schmied, Daniel Atar, Hans-Georg Rammensee, Gundram Jung, Helmut R. Salih
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2024)

Despite the advances in cancer treatment achieved, for example, by the CD20 antibody rituximab, an urgent medical need remains to optimize the capacity of such antibodies to induce antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) that determines therapeutic efficacy. The cytokine IL-15 stimulates proliferation, activation, and cytolytic capacity of NK cells, but broad clinical use is prevented by short half-life, poor accumulation at the tumor site, and severe toxicity due to unspecific immune activation. We here report modified immunocytokines consisting of Fc-optimized CD19 and CD20 antibodies fused to an IL-15 moiety comprising an L45E-E46K double mutation (MIC + format). The E46K mutation abrogated binding to IL-15Rα, thereby enabling substitution of physiological trans-presentation by target binding and thus conditional IL-15Rβγ stimulation, whereas the L45E mutation optimized IL-15Rβγ agonism and producibility. In vitro analysis of NK activation, anti-leukemia reactivity, and toxicity using autologous and allogeneic B cells confirmed target-dependent function of MIC + constructs. Compared with Fc-optimized CD19 and CD20 antibodies, MIC + constructs mediated superior target cell killing and NK cell proliferation. Mouse models using luciferase-expressing human NALM-6 lymphoma cells, patient acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells, and murine EL-4 lymphoma cells transduced with human CD19/CD20 as targets and human and murine NK cells as effectors, respectively, confirmed superior and target-dependent anti-leukemic activity. In summary, MIC + constructs combine the benefits of Fc-optimized antibodies and IL-15 cytokine activity and mediate superior NK cell immunity with potentially reduced side effects. They thus constitute a promising new immunotherapeutic approach shown here for B cell malignancies.
Immunological features of bats: resistance and tolerance to emerging viruses
Authors: Wael L. Demian, Olga Cormier, Karen Mossman
Journal: Trends in Immunology (2024)

Bats are among the most diverse mammalian species, representing over 20% of mammalian diversity. The past two decades have witnessed a disproportionate spillover of viruses from bats to humans compared with other mammalian hosts, attributed to the viral richness within bats, their phylogenetic likeness to humans, and increased human contact with wildlife. Unique evolutionary adaptations in bat genomes, particularly in antiviral protection and immune tolerance genes, enable bats to serve as reservoirs for pandemic-inducing viruses. Here, we discuss current limitations and advances made in understanding the role of bats as drivers of pandemic zoonoses. We also discuss novel technologies that have revealed spatial, dynamic, and physiological factors driving virus and host coevolution.
Immunohistochemistry for Diagnosing Melanoma in Older Adults
Authors: Kenechukwu Ojukwu, Megan M. Eguchi, Adewole S. Adamson, Kathleen F. Kerr, Michael W. Piepkorn, Stacey Murdoch, Raymond L. Barnhill, David E. Elder, Stevan R. Knezevich, Joann G. Elmore
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2024)

Pathologic assessment to diagnose skin biopsies, especially for cutaneous melanoma, can be challenging, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining has the potential to aid decision-making. Currently, the temporal trends regarding the use of IHC for the examination of skin biopsies on a national level have not been described.
A novel SIK2 inhibitor SIC-19 exhibits synthetic lethality with PARP inhibitors in ovarian cancer
Authors: Fang Wang, Xuejiao Yu, Jun Qian, Yumin Cao, Shunli Dong, Shenghua Zhan, Zhen Lu, Robert C. Bast, Qingxia Song, Youguo Chen, Yi Zhang, Jinhua Zhou
Journal: Drug Resistance Updates (2024)

Ovarian cancer patients with HR proficiency (HRP) have had limited benefits from PARP inhibitor treatment, highlighting the need for improved therapeutic strategies. In this study, we developed a novel SIK2 inhibitor, SIC-19, and investigated its potential to enhance the sensitivity and expand the clinical utility of PARP inhibitors in ovarian cancer.
Doxycycline for central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia: A single center retrospective analysis
Authors: Ashley Obi, Jayvon McKinley, Esther Oladunjoye, Akilah Williams, Vivian Li, Jianni Wu, Connie Yang, Evan Darwin, Nicholas Gulati, Alessandra Haskin, Joel Correa da Rosa, Cula Svidzinski
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2024)
Germline Genetic <i>NBN</i> Variation and Predisposition to B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Children
Authors: Carolin S. Escherich, Wenan Chen, Yizhen Li, Wenjian Yang, Rina Nishii, Zhenhua Li, Elizabeth A. Raetz, Meenakshi Devidas, Gang Wu, Kim E. Nichols, Hiroto Inaba, Ching-Hon Pui, Sima Jeha, Bruce M. Camitta, Eric Larsen, Stephen P. Hunger, Mignon L. Loh, Jun J. Yang
Journal: Blood (2024)
“Safe” Levels of Air Pollution Tied to More Hospitalizations, Diseases
Authors: Emily Harris
Journal: JAMA (2024)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Evolving Trends in Immunohistochemistry Use in Dermatopathology
Authors: Alexandra Flamm
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2024)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
High Niacin Levels May Raise Cardiovascular Disease Risk
Authors: Emily Harris
Journal: JAMA (2024)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal