tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3231: Resource Use and Costs of Heart Failure in Medicare Population, 2003–2005
Authors: Er Chen, Nicole Coustier, Stephanie Ching, George Gee, Andrew Layton, Kuo B Tong
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Introduction : Recent analyses suggest incidence of heart failure (HF) has declined among the elderly during the past decade. However, estimation of resource use and costs for HF management has not been well characterized. This study sought to examine the economic burden for patients with newly diagnosed HF during a 3-year period. Methods : The Medicare Standard Analytic File (SAF), a 5% national sample, was used in this retrospective analysis to identify patients with a primary HF diagnosis (ICD-9-CM 428.xx) from Jan to Mar 2003. Patients with prior HF diagnoses in 2002 were excluded. The identified patients were followed for three years through Dec 2005. Their Medicare claims were linked from different care settings to examine the characteristics of these patients, as well as the total and HF-related resource use and costs. Results : Of the 1.7 million patients in SAF, 30,386 patients were newly diagnosed with HF from Jan to Mar 2003 (18 per 1,000). Mean age was 77; 41% of the sample were male, and 84% were Caucasian. Among these patients, 76% had at least one comorbid disease in the 12 months before HF diagnosis. The 1- and 2-year mortality rates were 22% and 36%, respectively. These newly diagnosed HF patients cost Medicare $22,775, $16,026, and $17,050 on average from 2003 to 2005, respectively, compared to $5,828, $7,012, and $7,564 for the general Medicare population. HF-related services constituted a significant portion of the total costs, accounting for 38%, 49% and 54% from 2003 to 2005. HF-related inpatient hospitalizations most likely resulted in reimbursement with DRG 127, followed by DRG 124, and DRG 115. Oxygen concentrator use, skilled nursing care, and subsequent hospital care represented the highest cost components for HF-related outpatient services. These data translated into an estimated direct cost of $14 billion to the Medicare system, $5.2 billion of which were attributable to HF in 2003 alone. Conclusions: HF is associated with significant burden to Medicare. The high Medicare cost of HF patients will be a growing concern as the Medicare population grows. Optimal strategies for the prevention, treatment and management of this chronic disease will need to be identified.
Abstract 17170: Acute Aortic Intramural Hematoma: an Analysis from the International Registry of Acute Aortic Dissection
Authors: Kevin M Harris, Alan C Braverman, Reed Pyeritz, Truls Myrmel, Mark Peterson, Matthias Voehringer, Rossella Fattori, James L Januzzi, Dan Gilon, Daniel Montgomery, Kim A Eagle, Christoph A Nienaber, Eric M Isselbacher, Arturo Evangelista
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Acute aortic intramural hematoma (IMH) represents an important subgroup of aortic dissection though controversy continues to surround the appropriate management. Methods: We evaluated patients with acute aortic syndromes in the IRAD registry (between 1996 and 2011) and examined differences between patients (based on the initial imaging test) with IMH or classic dissection (AD). Results: Of 2908 patients, 182 had IMH (72 type A (TA), 39.6%, 110 type B (TB), 60.4%). Patients with IMH were older in both TA (68.9 years vs. 61.4, p&lt;0.001) and TB (69.3 vs 62.7, p&lt;0.001), and more frequently female in TA (44.4% vs 32.3%, p=.031). Patients presented with similar symptoms such as severe pain in TA (98.4% vs 91.6%, p=NS) and TB (95.7% vs 93.0%, p=NS). Patients with TA IMH were less likely to present with aortic regurgitation (37.3% vs 54.8%, p=.008) or pulse deficits (16.7% vs31.5%, p=.015). Patients with TA IMH were more likely to have periaortic hematoma (47.5% vs 19.9%, p&lt;0.001) and pericardial effusion (60.0% vs 41.2%, p=.002). Patients with IMH were more likely than classic AD to be managed medically (TA, 22.2% vs 12.6%, p=.017, type B 85.5% vs 62.9%, p&lt;0.001). Overall in-hospital mortality was similar for type A IMH (26.4% vs 26.4%, p=NS); those with type A IMH managed medically had significant mortality (37.5%) though less than those with classic AD (58.5%, p=NS). Those with type B IMH had lower in hospital mortality (4.5% vs 10.9%, p=.043) than classic AD. One year mortality was similar for both groups. Conclusion: The IRAD registry includes 182 cases of IMH and represents the largest series to date on this important variant of AD. Acute IMH has similar presentation to classic AD but is more frequently complicated with pericardial effusions and periaortic hematoma. Patients with IMH have similar mortality to those with classic AD. Although a substantial subgroup of type A patients with IMH are managed medically, they do have a significant hospital mortality.
A Phase 1 Study Of ARRY-520 With Bortezomib (BTZ) and Dexamethasone (dex) In Relapsed Or Refractory Multiple Myeloma (RRMM)
Authors: Ajai Chari, Myo Htut, Jeffrey Zonder, Joseph W. Fay, Andrzej J Jakubowiak, Beverly Harrison, Kenneth Lau, Brandi Hilder, Ann Ptaszynski, Selena A Rush, Jonathan L. Kaufman, Steven Michael Burt
Journal: Blood (2013)
The Bristol affair
Authors: P. M Dunn, F. Scott
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Costings were inadequateEditor-Comparing the costs of home and acute hospital care, Coast et al address a subject of intense interest to NHS managers. 1The cost of home care in their study was based on a bottom up analysis, in which use of resources was measured on a patient by patient basis.The cost of hospital care, however, was simply the average cost of inpatient care, which includes the use of operating theatres, etc. Patients for whom both sources of care are a viable option, however, are at the lower end of the intensity range for hospital care.The authors recognise this but address the problem by conducting a sensitivity analysis.They imply that assuming a
Abstract 14775: Regional TNF{alpha} Mapping in the Brain reveals the Striatum as a Neuroinflammatory Target after Ventricular Fibrillation Cardiac Arrest in Rats
Authors: Andreas Janata, Tomas Drabek, Jason p Stezoski, Keri Janesko-Feldman, Ingrid A Magnet, Samuel A Tisherman, Erik Popp, Patrick M Kochanek
Journal: Circulation (2010)
Apoptotic pathways induced by ixabepilone in paclitaxel-refractory ovarian carcinoma cells
Authors: Luis A. Rojas-Espaillat, Denise Uyar, Dale Grabowski, Jerome L. Belinson, Francis Lee, Renzo Canetta, Ronald Bukowski, Mahrukh Ganapathi, Ram Ganapathi
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 46, 2005

5318 

Objectives: Ixabepilone, a novel epothilone B analog that is similar to paclitaxel in mechanism of action, is non-cross resistant with taxanes and superior in anti-tumor efficacy. In this study we compared pathways regulating apoptosis induced by ixabepilone and paclitaxel in two epithelial ovarian cancer cell lines (OC-2 and PAT-7), established from tumor specimens obtained from patients clinically refractory to platinum/paclitaxel. Methods: OC-2 and PAT-7 cells were treated for 1 hr with equimolar doses of ixabepilone or paclitaxel, washed and re-incubated in drug-free medium prior to analysis for apoptosis, caspase activity and survival. Apoptosis was evaluated by fluorescent microscopy following staining with Hoechst 33342 and propidium iodide. Caspase-2 and caspase 9 activity was determined by fluorometry using specific peptide substrates, VDVAD-AFC and LEHD-AFC, respectively. Survival was determined one week after treatment (∼ 2-3 cell population doublings in untreated control). Results: Apoptosis induced by ixabepilone at 24 h following treatment was dose dependent with optimal effects at 0.5 μ M for both OC-2 (39%) and PAT-7 (68%) cells. In PAT-7 cells activation of both caspase 2 and 9 was observed, albeit to different levels, following treatment with ixabepilone (7 to 10-fold) and paclitaxel (2 to 3-fold). In contrast, activation of caspase 2 and 9 by the two drugs differed in OC-2 cells; ixabepilone stimulated only caspase 2 activity (3-fold), whereas paclitaxel enhanced only caspase 9 activity (see [table][1]). Compared to paclitaxel, enhanced apoptosis induced by ixabepilone in both OC-2 and PAT-7 cells strongly correlated with decreased cell survival. Conclusions: These results suggest that unlike taxanes that mediate apoptosis primarily via caspase 9, ixabepilone induced apoptosis is mediated essentially by enhancement of caspase-2 activity. Thus activation of caspase 2 likely represents a novel pathway for ixabepilone induced apoptosis in these ovarian cancer cell lines from patients clinically refractory to paclitaxel. The correlation between apoptosis and survival suggest that apoptosis is a key mechanism of action of ixabepilone.



![Table][2]  [1]: #T1
 [2]: pending:yes
Abstract 2696: Noninvasive Estimation of Left Ventricular Filling Pressure by E/e’ Is a Powerful Predictor of Major Adverse Cardiac and Cerebrovascular Events in Patients with A First ST Elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Noriaki Iwahashi, Kazuo Kimura, Jun Okuda, Kengo Tsukahara, Kiyoshi Hibi, Masami Kosuge, Toshiaki Ebina, Yoshio Tahara
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: The early diastolic velocity of the mitral valve annulus (e’) combined with measurement of the early transmitral flow velocity(E), the resultant ratio (E/e’) correlates well with mean left ventricular filling pressure. Echocardiographical parameters(including E/e’>15, left atrial volume index≥32ml/m 2 , ejection fraction 180pg/ml at 3–4 weeks after onset have been reported as a powerful prognostic marker of acute myocardial infarction(AMI). However, there is no study in which patients with first ST elevation(STE)MI were exclusively involved. We examined which is a most reliable prognostic marker for patients with a first STEMI.  Methods: Echocardiography(Aplio, Toshiba) and blood sampling were obtained in consecutive 235 patients 3 weeks after onset of first STEMI(age=64.0y.o., male=187, LMT=4·LAD=108·RCA=101·LCx=22). All patients underwent PCI and were followed for 12 months. The primary end point was major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events(MACCE: death from cardiovascular disease, re-infarction and ACS, readmission because of heart failure, and cerebral infarction). Exclusion criteria were non-STEMI, A-C bypass, atrial fibrillation and chronic renal failure on dialysis.  Results: At follow-up, MACCE was occurred in 22 patients (2patients died of heart failure and 6patients had non-fatalMI or ACS, 12 with readmission because of heart failure, 1 with arrhythmia, 3 with stroke). Table shows the results of univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses for MACCE. Then, E/e’>15 was a most powerful predictor of MACCE.  Conclusions: E/e’ >15 is a powerful predictor of MACCE within 12 months after a first STEMI.
The self-protection effect from ischemia reperfusion lung injury in adenine-induced renal failure rat model
Authors: Chung-Kan Peng, Kun-Lun Huang, Chou-Chin Lan, Chin-Pyng Wu
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background: Lung transplantation has been the last therapeutic management for patients with end-stage lung disease. The organ donors are frequently excluded because of the underlying diseases such as liver cirrhosis, infectious diseases, chronic renal failure (CRF) etc. which probably related to the intolerance to ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury. The degree of CRF injured lungs during IR is still unclear.

Aims: To determine the effect of I/R-induced acute lung injury in CRF rats.

Materials and Methods: Spraque-Dawley rats were fed with 0.75% adenine chow to trigger CRF. We applied in situ isolated lung model to evaluate ischemia–reperfusion -induced acute lung injury. Animals were divided into a control group, ischemia–reperfusion group, and renal failure with IR groups.

Results: Ischemia/reperfusion caused significant increases in alveolar lavage and perfusate tumor necrosis factor, inflammatory cell infiltration, lung tissue malondialdehyde, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid protein concentration and lactate dehydrogenase activity, lung weight gain, and infiltration coefficient. Adenine-induced renal failure significantly suppressed the inflammatory response and attenuated IR lung injury. Our results also revealed less severity of ischemia- reperfusion-induced phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB in rats with that adenine-induced renal failure which was associated with reduced IκB kinase (IKK)-β phosphorylation, suggesting a suppression of IκB kinase and thus IκB-κ activation.

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that CRF rats might prevent the lungs from IR-induced lung injury probably related to the self-protection mechanism by chronic renal failure.
Reversal of Trauma-Induced Bleeding and Anticoagulation with a Dabigatran-Specific Antidote (idarucizumab) As Assessed By Shed and Washed Blood Tests in a Pig Model of Supratherapeutic Anticoagulation and Trauma
Authors: Oliver Grottke, Markus Honickel, Johanna Schurer, Joanne van Ryn
Journal: Blood (2014)
Abstract 17640: Risk of Recurrent Cardiovascular Events: The Role of Adiposity in the Presence or Absence of Cardiometabolic Dysfunction in Patients With Vascular Disease
Authors: J. van der Leeuw, Y. van der Graaf, H. M Nathoe, G. J de Borst, L. J Kappelle, F. L Visseren
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Aims: To establish the prevalence of cardiometabolic dysfunction according to body-mass index in patients with vascular disease and determine the risk of adiposity in the presence or absence of car...
Diabetic patients must also satisfy regulations
Authors: J H. Casey, C J McLean, J Jagger
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Driving, glaucoma, and the law Regular checks on medical fitness to drive needed EDITOR,-Potamitis and colleagues draw attention to widespread ignorance about regulations con- cerning visual fields for driving.'Because drivers are required to pass a visual acuity test as part of their driving test, however, most are aware of visual acuity as a component of visual function and of its relevance to driving.This does not necessarily imply greater compliance with the regulation concerning visual acuity than with those concerning visual fields.We recorded visual acuity (with glasses if wom) in consecutive patients attending the accident and emergency service at Manchester Royal Eye Hospital.Over one month 1426 patients were tested, of whom 177 had a visual acuity insufficient for legal driving.Most of these patients did not drive, but 42 still drove a car.Of these 42, 21 were "borderline" failures (6/12 in the better eye) but the remaining 21 would definitely have failed a standard numberplate reading test.All these patients had evidence of chronic visual loss, which was correctable by refraction in only some cases.Clearly, patients with acute eye problems may have acute visual deterioration.Such deterioration, however, is almost invariably unilateral.For driving a car, acceptable vision is only required in one eye.There was no evidence to suggest that these data were invalidated by acute, temporary visual loss in these patients.Potamitis and colleagues rightly recommend that greater information should be made available to drivers, both from the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency and from ophthalmologists.The key role of optometrists should also be made clear.The authors comment that patients need more information and imply that this will in itself improve driving safety by resulting in voluntary withdrawal on the part of unfit drivers, but this is merely an assumption.Do we not need regular checks on medical aspects of fitness to drive, even for people under retirement age?
Abstract 5395: Pharmacological Inhibition of Type 5 Adenylyl Cyclase Attenuates Functional Deterioration in Chronic Catecholamine Stress
Authors: Kosaku Iwatsubo, Erdene Baljinnyam, Shumin Gao, Junichi Sadoshima, Dorothy E Vatner, Stephen F Vatner, Yoshihiro Ishikawa
Journal: Circulation (2008)
Abstract 12116: Angiotensin Ii Releases Procoagulant Microparticles Through Selective At2-Mediated Stimulaton in Human Monocytes/Macrophages
Authors: Cinzia Cordazzo, Tommaso Neri, Fabio Stefanelli, Silvia Petrini, Yuri Carmazzi, Cristina Balia, Maria Cristina Breschi, Silvana Cianchetti, Alessandro Celi, Roberto Pedrinelli
Journal: Circulation (2011)
Abstract 11154: Insulin-Regulated Aminopeptidase Deficiency Attenuates Diet-Induced Obesity in Mice Through Increased Energy Expenditure
Authors: Manabu Niwa, Yasushi Numaguchi, Masakazu Ishii, Tomomi Kuwahata, Rei Shibata, Toyoaki Murohara
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Activation of the adipose renin-angiotensin system contributes to the development of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Insulin-regulated aminopeptidase (IRAP) has been identified as a key regulator of GLUT4 transporter as well as angiotensin IV (AngIV) receptor (AT4R). Although the AngII-AT1R axis appears as anorexigenic and as an effector of energy expenditure, the impact of the AngIV-AT4R axis on energy metabolism remains unknown. Methods and Results IRAP knockout (IRAP-/-) and wild-type (C57Bl/6J, WT) mice were fed high-fat diet (32% fat) at age of 8 weeks (n=20 to 25). At the entry, body weight, body fat content, and parameters of saccharometabolism were similar between WT and IRAP-/- mice. However, beginning at 13 weeks of age, IRAP-/- mice exhibited blunted body weight gain compared to that of WT mice, despite comparable food intake and locomotor activity. At 20 weeks of age, IRAP-/- mice had 25±1.8% lower body weight than WT mice (mean±SD). This was confirmed by abdominal CT scan showing lower body f...
Comparison of renal safety and efficacy of telbivudine, entecavir and tenofovir treatment in chronic hepatitis B patients: real world experience
Authors: M.-C. Tsai, C.-H. Chen, P.-L. Tseng, C.-H. Hung, K.-W. Chiu, J.-H. Wang, S.-N. Lu, C.-M. Lee, K.-C. Chang, Y.-H. Yen, M.-T. Lin, Y.-P. Chou, T.-H. Hu
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2015)
From health care to health
Authors: S. Griffiths
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Health is not merely the absence of disease; nor is the role of the NHS only within health care. This message is made very clearly on the first page of the white paper, with the vision of “an NHS that does not just treat people when they are ill but works with others to improve health and reduce health inequalities.” To achieve this vision, we are told, means changing our approach to tackling disease and inequality—with the government ensuring that locally the NHS works with those who provide social care, housing, education, and employment.

The emphasis on the wider health agenda places the white paper among other recent government initiatives—for example, Welfare to Work for young people, the Crime and Disorder Bill, the national child care strategy, and the education white papers—which all highlight the impact of social inequalities and the need to address the problems of the socially excluded. The lead for …
Bicoid Signal Extraction with a Selection of Parametric and Nonparametric Signal Processing Techniques
Authors: Zara Ghodsi, Emmanuel Sirimal Silva, Hossein Hassani
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2015)

Abstract The maternal segmentation coordinate gene bicoid plays a significant role during Drosophila embryogenesis. The gradient of Bicoid, the protein encoded by this gene, determines most aspects of head and thorax development. This paper seeks to explore the applicability of a variety of signal processing techniques at extracting bicoid expression signal, and whether these methods can outperform the current model. We evaluate the use of six different powerful and widely-used models representing both parametric and nonparametric signal processing techniques to determine the most efficient method for signal extraction in bicoid. The results are evaluated using both real and simulated data. Our findings show that the Singular Spectrum Analysis technique proposed in this paper outperforms the synthesis diffusion degradation model for filtering the noisy protein profile of bicoid whilst the exponential smoothing technique was found to be the next best alternative followed by the autoregressive integrated moving average.
Abstract 9095: Induction of Modulatory Calcineurin Inhibitory Protein 1 as a Potential Mechanism Leading to Cardiac Hypertrophy in the Cardiomyocyte-Specific Vitamin D Receptor Gene-Deleted Mouse
Authors: Songcang Chen, Christopher S Law, Christopher L Grigsby, Keith Olsen, Ting-Ting Hong, Yan Zhang, Yerem Yeghiazarians, David G Gardner
Journal: Circulation (2011)

A growing body of epidemiological, clinical, and whole animal studies has shown that vitamin D deficiency is linked with increased risk of cardiovascular disease, including cardiac hypertrophy. Although global nuclear vitamins D receptor (VDR)-null mice display cardiac hypertrophy, the mice also demonstrate hypertension and secondary hyperparathyroidism, both of which are associated with cardiac hypertrophy. Therefore, it remains unknown as to whether the liganded VDR interacts directly with the cardiac myocyte to control hypertrophy. In an effort to address this issue, we have generated a mouse with selective deletion of the VDR gene in cardiomyocytes. Targeted deletion of exon 4 in the VDR gene resulted in an increase in myocyte size and left ventricular weight/body weight versus controls both at baseline and following chronic infusion of isoproterenol (ISO). There was no increase in interstitial fibrosis. These knockout mice demonstrated a reduction in end diastolic and end systolic volume by echocardiography, activation of the fetal gene program (i.e. increased ANP and alpha skeletal actin gene expression) and increased expression of the modulatory calcineurin inhibitory protein 1 (MCIP 1), a direct downstream target of calcineurin/NFAT signaling that plays an important role in cardiac hypertrophy. ISO treatment of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes resulted in a significant increase in MCIP 1 mRNA and protein levels and MCIP 1 gene promoter activity. Treatment with 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D (VD3), a potent VDR ligand, resulted in partial suppression of the ISO-dependent increases in MCIP 1 expression and promoter activity. Renin gene expression was extremely low at baseline in the adult murine left ventricle and did not increase significantly in the left ventricles of cardiomyocyte-specific VDR knockout mice. Collectively, these studies provide the first demonstration that the VD3-VDR signaling system possesses direct, anti-hypertrophic activity in the heart. This activity may be linked to suppression of the pro-hypertrophic calcineurin/NFAT/MCIP 1 pathway. These studies identify a potential mechanism to account for the reported beneficial effects of VD3 in cardiac disorders associated with myocyte hypertrophy.
Review: diet interventions, with or without exercise, promote weight loss more than advice alone
Authors: Franz, Mj, VanWormer, Jj, Crain, Arya, Sharma, 李伟
Journal: BMJ (2008)

问题：在超重或肥胖的成人中，哪种干预方法对减轻体重最有效？ 方法 搜索方法：PubMed（1997年—2004年9月）和参考文献列表。 研究选择和评价：英语，随机对照试验（RCT），评价随访1年以上超重或肥胖人群的减肥干预研究。80个RCT（n=26455，平均年龄23～69岁，0～100％为男性）符合入选标准。基线：平均体重77～131kg，
Abstract 11067: Coronary Vascular Dysfunction, Vulnerable Plaque Composition and Response to Statin Therapy: The role of Sex
Authors: Naser Ahmadi, Fereshteh Hajsadeghi, Vahid Nabavi, John Sanchez, Micheal Baskett, Micheal Fahmy, Ajay Bhandari, Gholamreza Berenji, Matthew Budoff, Ramin Ebrahimi
Journal: Circulation (2011)