tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P3135: Associations Between Cardiovascular Health, Stress, and Emotional Intelligence in First-Year Medical Students; Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Jaime cespedes, Erika Ladino-Marin, Juan Sanchez-Sanchez, Sara Guerrero-Leon, Catalina Arango-Holguin, Melissa Zambrano-Ferreira, Andrea Trompetero-Gonzalez, Diana Ramos-Caballero, Silvia Lopez-Guzman
Journal: Circulation (2025)

Introduction: Medical students encounter stressors that affect their psychological and cardiovascular health. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between cardiovascular health, perceived stress, physical activity, empathy, and emotional intelligence among first-year medical students in a Colombian university Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that Psychoemotional health influences cardiovascular health in medical students. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted as a secondary analysis of the longitudinal project "Follow-up on Mind and Body Components in Medical Students at Universidad del Rosario." All first-semester students from 2019-2020 were invited to participate (IRB approval: CEIC 3907-2019). Nonprobabilistic convenience sampling was used. Cardiovascular health was assessed using the AHA’s Cardiovascular Health Index (CVHI) and waist-to-height ratio. Stress, empathy, and emotional intelligence were measured via the Perceived Stress Scale-14, Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), and Trait Meta Mood Scale-24 (TMMS-24). Data were analyzed using correlation matrices and regression models Results: Of the 196 participants (62% female), 79.1% had ideal CVHI, and 92.0% had no cardiovascular risk based on waist-to-height ratio. Moderate-to-poor scores were found in CVHI components: diet (94.7%), physical activity (50.7%), cholesterol (39%), and blood pressure (35%), see figure 1. CVHI was positively correlated with vigorous physical activity and TMMS-24 components (clarity and repair) and negatively correlated with perceived stress. The risk of intermediate CVHI increased with higher TMMS-24 attention (RR: 5.34, CI: 1.03-17.55) and the interaction between IRI personal distress and stress (RR: 2.32, CI: 1.06-5.05). TMMS-24 clarity reduced this risk by 33% (RR: 0.45-1.00). Most students reported moderate (68.6%) or high (9.2%) stress levels, with females reporting higher stress scores (F: 27.1 vs. M: 23.2), see figure 2. Moderate physical activity (RR: 0.71) and higher TMMS-24 clarity (ß: -2.68, CI: -4.02 to -1.33) and repair (ß: -1.60, CI: -2.94 to -0.26) were protective against stress, see figure 3. Conclusions: In conclusion, most medical students had ideal CVHI, but moderate-to-poor scores in key components. Females experienced higher stress levels. Personal distress heightened the negative impact of stress on cardiovascular health, while moderate physical activity and emotional clarity and repair were effective coping strategies.
Publisher Correction: Human neural dynamics of real-world and imagined navigation
Authors: Martin Seeber, Matthias Stangl, Mauricio Vallejo Martelo, Uros Topalovic, Sonja Hiller, Casey H Halpern, Jean-Philippe Langevin, Vikram R Rao, Itzhak Fried, Dawn Eliashiv, Nanthia Suthana
Journal: Nature Human Behaviour (2025)
Dendrimer Conjugates with PD‐L1‐Binding Peptides Enhance In Vivo Antitumor Immune Response
Authors: DaWon Kim, Jin Woong Lee, Piper A. Rawding, Mari Iida, Carter Kim, Kourtney L. Kostecki, Michael J. Poellmann, Bridget Crossman, Ashley S. Liu, YoungSoo Kim, Deric L. Wheeler, Seungpyo Hong
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2025)

Abstract Peptides are an emerging class of biologics for cancer immunotherapy; however, their clinical translation is hindered by poor binding kinetics, bioavailability, and short plasma half‐life compared to their corresponding antibodies. Nanoparticles present potential solutions but face scale‐up difficulties due to complexity. Here, a translatable, modular nanoparticle scaffold is presented for peptide‐based immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). This platform is based on a simple structure of generation 7 (G7) poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers conjugated with engineered peptides (dendrimer‐peptide conjugates, DPCs). DPCs functionalized with multiple copies of a programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1)‐binding peptide exhibited significantly enhanced avidity‐based binding kinetics and in vitro specificity, in addition to the substantially prolonged plasma half‐life in vivo. Notably, a series of in vivo experiments revealed that DPCs displayed selective tumor accumulation and high efficacy, without apparent toxicity, when applied to a syngeneic mouse model bearing mouse oral carcinoma (MOC1) tumors. The results indicate that the DPC platform significantly improves the antagonistic effect and in vivo behaviors of the PD‐L1‐binding peptides, which can be potentially applied to virtually any peptide‐based ICIs. The DPC platform's simplicity and modular nature will likely increase the potential of its clinical translation and ultimately enable precision/personalized cancer immunotherapy.
Abstract P3024: Phenotypic vs. Genetic Mismatch of Body Mass Index and Its Risk Factors: Evidence from the China Kadoorie Biobank and the UK Biobank
Authors: Aolin Li, Shuo Gong, Canqing YU, pei pei, Ling Yang, Iona Millwood, Robin Walters, Yiping Chen, Huaidong Du, Xiaoming Yang, Junshi Chen, Zhengming Chen, Jun Lv, Liming Li, Dianjianyi Sun
Journal: Circulation (2025)

Background: The mismatch between phenotypic and genotypic BMI (BMI-PGM) contributes to the sky-rocketing obesity prevalence in both developed and developing countries. However, little is known about BMI-PGM and its risk factors. Methods: We included 86,205 participants who were genotyped and with valid BMI measurements from the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB). BMI-PGM was calculated for each participant as the difference between the percentile for his/her adjusted BMI and the percentile for his/her adjusted polygenetic risk score of BMI (BMI-PRS), ranging from -100 to 100. A higher BMI-PGM means one’s measured BMI was much greater than his/her genetically-determined BMI. We then categorized participants into three groups according to BMI-PGM quartiles: discordantly low (bottom quartile), concordant (2nd and 3rd quartiles), and discordantly high (top quartile). Potential risk factors of BMI-PGM, including socio-demographic characteristics and lifestyle factors, were tested by multivariate linear regression. External replication analyses were performed among 102,514 UK Biobank (UKB) participants. Results: In both CKB and UKB, BMI-PGM exhibited a symmetric and normal distribution. Across all four BMI categories (underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese), the concordant BMI-PGM group accounted for approximately 50% of participants. Of interest, over 50% of obese and underweight adults were categorized into the discordantly high BMI-PGM group and the discordantly low BMI-PGM group, respectively. In both cohorts, participants with higher BMI-PGM were more likely to be younger, current smokers, physically inactive, and meat lovers. However, the associations of BMI-PGM with sex, urban-rural status, education level, household income, alcohol consumption, fruit intake, and sleep duration varied between the two cohorts. Conclusions: A new metric was developed to quantify the mismatch between phenotypic and genetic BMI in both East Asian and European adults. The obesogenic environment affects obesity in different populations with both commonalities and distinct differences.
Abstract P1101: Associations Between Cardiovascular Risk Behaviors and Sleep Duration in Young Adult Sexual Minority Men
Authors: Tania de Jesus Espinosa, David Lardier, Marlene Camacho-Rivera, Keosha Bond, Trace Kershaw, S Raquel Ramos
Journal: Circulation (2025)

Introduction: Young adult sexual minority men are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease due to social behaviors, particiulary tobacco use and excessive alcohol consumption. The American Heart Association's Life's Essential 8 provides a framework to enhance cardiovascular health. Tobacco use and excessive drinking are associated with significant cardiovascular risks, with tobacco linked to about one-third of all deaths from heart disease and excessive drinking increasing the risk of liver and heart disease. This study examined the associations between cardiovascular risk behaviors and sleep duration in young adult sexual minority men. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that tobacco use and excessive alcohol consumption would be associated with sleep duration and vary by sleep duration category (7-9 hrs vs. &gt;9 hrs). Methods: Secondary data were analyzed from an HIV prevention behavioral trial with 322 young adult sexual minority men ages 18–34. A step-wise multinomial logistic regression analysis was conducted in R to examine the relationships between tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and sleep duration comparing individuals sleeping 7-9 hours and those sleeping more than 9 hours (reference category). Missing data were addressed using multiple imputation by chained equations. Results: Tobacco use was reported in 21% of participants, while 90% reported alcohol consumption. Tobacco use was significantly associated with increased odds of sleeping 7 to 9 hours (estimate = 0.978, p = 0.003), while alcohol consumption had a significant negative impact on this category (estimate = -0.182, p = 0.038). For those sleeping more than 9 hours, tobacco use was significantly associated with extended sleep (estimate = 0.846, p = 0.005), while alcohol approached significance (estimate = 0.164, p = 0.050). Age and income were not significant. Conclusions This study highlights the complex relationships between tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and sleep duration in young adult sexual minority men. The association of tobacco use with sleeping 7-9 hours is controversial, as tobacco is not cardioprotective and is linked to adverse health outcomes. Smoking may fulfill stress-reducing needs, affecting sleep patterns. Additionally, excessive alcohol consumption negatively impacts sleep duration and may worsen cardiovascular risks. Behavioral interventions grounded in Life's Essential 8 may be beneficial in reducing cardiovascular risk behaviors in young adult sexual minority men.
Abstract P1003: Enhancing Medication Safety and Outcomes for Elderly Patients in Rural Outpatient Cardiology: Year Long Evaluation of a Pharmacist-Led Remote Medication Reconciliation Program
Authors: Samuel Miller, Cavan Fulp, Maggie Grossman, Caroline Paine, Ghaith Al Tibi, Phoebe Sahawneh, Eden Wages, Shelby Blackwood, Arden Gaskill, Jered Miller, Nicolas Chronos, RJ Brooks
Journal: Circulation (2025)

Background: Challenges of ensuring medication safety and compliance are compounded by limited access to healthcare services. Elderly individuals are disproportionately affected, often having to navigate complex medication regimens prescribed by multiple providers. Moreover, rural patients face a similar challenge, constrained by the number of nearby healthcare facilities and providers. Our study investigates the efficacy of a pharmacist-led (PharmD) remote medication reconciliation program, as part of Medicare’s Chronic Care Management (CCM) program, at a rural cardiology clinic serving a predominantly elderly population in Georgia, USA. Methodology: Methodology was centered around evaluation of medication reconciliation encounters (N=2123) performed by the PharmD team at a rural cardiology clinic from February 2023 to February 2024. The team conducted these encounters with 1065 patients (Avg. of 1.99 calls/patient) facilitated by a structured questionnaire. Initial priority for scheduled medication reconciliations was given to patients: with two or more chronic conditions, older than 65 years old, and six or more active medications. Key topics of focus from the questionnaire are shown in Table 1. Data from the questionnaires was retrospectively analyzed to evaluate program outcomes and efficacy. Conclusion: Retrospective analysis strongly illustrated the program’s effectiveness and clinical impact in a rural cardiology setting. The program's success demonstrates the substantial benefits of comprehensive medication reconciliation as part of Medicare’s CCM program in enhancing medication safety and promoting preventive care, especially among older populations with complex health needs. The program’s identification of notable drug-drug interactions allows for better month to month monitoring of patients’ symptoms, particularly those anticipated by the interaction report. The program allows elderly patients, who frequently have extensive medication regimens from multiple providers, to have a thorough up to date review of their medications in their own home. Through careful analysis of the state’s vaccine registry and current guidelines, the PharmD team discovered an alarming shortfall in preventive vaccinations and boosters among this rural patient population. The PharmD team's interventions during the medication reconciliation encounters, aimed at educating and advocating for vaccination, help protect this at-risk population from severe illnesses and complications.
Abstract P1102: Racial and Ethnic Differences in Sodium Sources and Sodium Reduction Behaviors among US Adults: NHANES 2017-2020 Pre Pandemic
Authors: Jessica Cheng, Anne Thorndike, Stella Yi
Journal: Circulation (2025)

Background: Nearly all US adults exceed sodium recommendations, which increases cardiovascular risk, which is especially important for adults with hypertension. Understanding racial and ethnic differences in sodium sources and behaviors could lead to nuanced public health messaging, dietary interventions, and clinical guidance to more equitably achieve population-level sodium reduction. Methods: Using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-2020 pre-pandemic data, racial and ethnic differences in sodium sources and sodium-related behaviors (e.g., salt use at the table and in food preparation, doctor advice to reduce sodium, attempts to reduce sodium, and label reading) were assessed using weighted chi-square. Results are reported for all adults, those with hypertension, and those aware of their hypertension status. Results: Pizza, soup, and chicken were top sources of sodium across racial and ethnic groups. For Asian Americans, 4 top sources were unique (e.g., soy-based condiments). Black adults reported the highest rates of reducing sodium (67% vs. 44% among White adults) and receiving physician sodium reduction advice (35% vs.18% among Asian Americans). Asian Americans were the most likely to frequently use salt during food preparation (66% vs. Other Race adults 32%) but reported not using salt at the table (43% vs. 23% among Other Race adults). Racial and ethnic differences persisted by hypertension and hypertension awareness status. Conclusions: While increasing provider advice, product reformulation targets, and front-of-pack nutrition labeling may help reduce sodium intake across groups, to equitably address sodium intake, culturally appropriate advice on sources of sodium and salt usage may be needed, particularly for Asian Americans and adults in the Other Race including Multiracial category.
Abstract P1128: Trajectories of Physical Activity Before and After Cardiovascular Disease Events in a Diverse Cohort
Authors: Yariv Gerber, Kelley Gabriel, David Jacobs, Jared Reis, Joe Shearer, Cora Lewis, Mercedes Carnethon, Stephen Sidney, Veronique Roger
Journal: Circulation (2025)

Background: Physical activity plays a critical role in cardiovascular health throughout the life course. However, data on its trajectories before and after cardiovascular disease (CVD) are limited. We analyzed a bi-racial U.S. cohort with 35 years of repeated assessments of moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) to examine trends and potential variations by race. Methods: CARDIA participants (n=5,115) underwent up to 10 MVPA assessments from 1985-6 to 2020-2. MVPA was assessed via a Physical Activity History Questionnaire and scored in exercise units (EU), with 300 EU approximating 150 minutes/week. During follow-up, 332 participants experienced an incident non-fatal CVD event, and 236 (71%) had subsequent MVPA data, forming the case group. Nested controls were matched 1:1 to cases by age, sex, and race using risk set sampling. LOESS regression explored non-linear MVPA trends, while linear mixed-effects models assessed differences in MVPA slopes between groups. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) models evaluated the odds ratio (OR) of low MVPA (&lt;300 EU) post-CVD. Results: The mean baseline age of the matched sample (n=472) was 26 years; 64% were Black, and 60% were men. The mean age at incident CVD was 49 years. The median (IQR) number of MVPA assessments in cases was 6 (5-8) before and 2 (1-3) after CVD. MVPA levels were consistently higher in controls than in cases, with the gap widening after CVD (Figure), supported by a significant time-by-CVD status interaction ( P = .002). The OR for low MVPA post-CVD in cases vs. controls was 2.45 (95% CI: 1.76-3.41) and was stronger in Black (OR = 3.67, 95% CI: 2.36-5.70) than in White (OR = 1.49, 95% CI: 0.90-2.48) participants ( P interaction = .017). No heterogeneity was detected across CVD types (CHD, stroke, heart failure; P = .90). Conclusions: MVPA levels were consistently lower in cases than controls, with a more pronounced decrease after CVD, perhaps due to physical limitations. The odds of lower-than-recommended MVPA post-CVD were notably higher among Black participants.
Abstract P1089: Osteoprotegerin and Incident Heart Failure: insight from the Framingham Heart Study
Authors: Daisuke Kamimura, Wondwosen Yimer, Robert Mentz, Amil Shah, Arsalan Hamid, Javed Butler, Maria Clarissa Tio, Takeki Suzuki, Emelia Benjamin, Michael and Jo Alice Hall
Journal: Circulation (2025)

Background: Osteoprotegerin (OPG), a protein involved in bone metabolism, is associated with left ventricular remodeling and fibrosis. Circulating OPG levels correlate with left ventricular mass index and plasma brain natriuretic peptide levels in humans. The association with incident heart failure (HF) has not been elucidated. Methods: Among 7581 participants in the Framingham Heart Study Third Generation (Gen 3, Visit 1) and Offspring (OS, Visit 7) cohorts, we investigated the association of plasma OPG levels with incident HF using multivariable Cox proportional hazard models. Heart failure was defined based on FHS criteria and carefully adjudicated. OPG was measured with a commercially available quantitative ELISA kit. The primary model was adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, anti-hypertensive medication use, diabetes, current smoking status, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). In the secondary model, we additionally added prevalent and incident coronary heart disease (CHD). Results: Overall, mean age was 50±14 years, 54% were women, and all participants were White. Higher OPG levels were observed in association with older age, female sex, higher systolic blood pressure, diabetes, smoking and lower eGFR (all p &lt;0.05). Over a median of 16 years follow-up (25 th -75 th %ile:14-18), there were 345 incident HF. In multivariable models, higher serum OPG levels were associated with greater risk of incident HF (hazard ratio per 1 SD increase: 1.29 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.18–1.40]; Figure). This association remained significant after further adjustment for prevalent and incident CHD as a time dependent variable (HR 1.28 [95% CI 1.18-1.39]). Conclusion: In this large community-based cohort, higher plasma OPG levels were significantly associated with incident HF, adjusting for traditional cardiovascular risk factors and incident coronary heart disease. Further studies are warranted to clarify whether OPG could be a new therapeutic target for HF prevention.
Abstract P1073: Optimizing Blood Pressure Control Strategies with Real-Time Data in Community Health Centers
Authors: Andrew Mills, Ashley Wagner, Gary Harmon, Eduardo Sanchez
Journal: Circulation (2025)

Introduction: Blood pressure (BP) control in the United States among persons with hypertension (HTN) is less than 50%. Performance and quality measures to improve care and outcomes for patients with high BP were published in 2019. The American Heart Association (AHA) recently completed its federally funded cooperative agreement, the National Hypertension Control Initiative (NHCI) to improve BP control in 350 community health centers (CHCs) with 1.5 million persons with HTN. Hypothesis: Use of a population health management platform can provide CHCs with more actionable, real-time Electronic Health Record (EHR) data to advance quality improvement (QI) efforts and evaluation capabilities. Methods: AHA identified a population health management platform to source EHR-derived data from 38 of 350 CHCs participating in NHCI. The objective was to demonstrate the value of readily accessing and using established measures for BP control in a project and system not already set up to do so. Eighteen clinical measures were used based on established performance and quality measures, aligning with Healthcare Effectiveness Data Information Set (HEDIS) where possible. Data for chosen measures was pulled from CHC EHRs on a monthly, quarterly, and ad hoc basis. This data expanded beyond what is required to be reported by CHCs to the Uniform Data System (UDS). Data sharing agreements were secured from 38 NHCI CHCs and 12 non-NHCI CHCs, as a comparison group, and all measures were made available to participating CHCs and other users. Results: Data was received for 12 quarters (January 2021 through December 2023) from the 50 CHCs on over 4.3 million encounters for 2.8 million patients. Data show a 48.7% relative improvement in the number of CHCs taking a BP reading at each patient encounter from Q1 2021-Q4 2023 (57.4% to 85.4%). Additionally, CHC BP control &lt;140/90 mm Hg and &lt;130/80 mm Hg reached 65.4% and 27.9%, respectively, in Q4 2023, as compared to the UDS reported 2023 BP control rate &lt;140/90 mm Hg of 60.9% for 350 NHCI CHCs. Conclusion: The expanded 18 measures allowed for more timely, frequent, detailed, and potentially actionable data to inform QI efforts. The timeliness and higher frequency of data should enable CHCs to understand the effects of their BP control strategies in real time. Using a population health management platform that emphasizes clinical performance measures based on “real-time” EHR data may strengthen and accelerate BP control QI and evaluation efforts.