tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P3058: Social determinants of health correlates and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk among older adults in Baltimore: The engAGE with Heart Study
Authors: Thomas Hinneh, Faith Metlock, Bunmi Ogungbe, Ebenezer Aryee, Janice Dugbartey, Melissa Mitchell, Patricia Akyeampong, Katie Shapcott, Parm Thind, Stephanie Adams, Terris King, Yvonne Commodore-Mensah
Journal: Circulation (2025)

Background: Social determinants of health (SDoH) are linked with cardiovascular health, yet timely community-based atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk assessment is often limited. We examine the associations between SDoH and ASCVD risk among older adults in Baltimore. Methods: In this cross-sectional study in 4 Black churches in Baltimore; we assessed the cardiovascular health of older adults ages 40-79 years. We estimated ASCVD risk using the 2013 ACC/AHA pooled cohort equation (PCE) and dichotomized risk as high (PCE ≥7.5%) versus low (PCE &lt;7.5%). An aggregate SDoH score was quantified as a cumulative number of adverse SDoH on a 7-item domain (primary care provider, health insurance, income, housing, support network, education, and employment) identified from the Protocol for Responding to and Assessing Patients' Assets, Risks, and Experiences (PRAPARE) tool; and participants were divided into groups with no adverse and at least one adverse SDoH. Logistic regression models were fitted to examine the association between SDoH factors and ASCVD risk adjusting for sex and age. Results: Among 119 older Black adults, (mean age 59 ± 17 years, 79% female), mean systolic and diastolic BP were 130 ± 18.3 and 79 ± 10 mmHg, respectively. Overall, the mean ASCVD risk score was 13.08 (SD 10.2) with 69% having at least one adverse SDoH. From the adjusted model, compared with an income of &gt; $20,000, ASCVD risk was 3.28 greater (95% CI, 1.15 – 9.30) among those with low income ( &lt; $20,000). Compared with the employed, ASCVD risk was 6.63 higher (95% CI, 2.61-16.67) among those who are unemployed. Having at least one adverse SDoH was associated higher risk for ASCVD 7.25 (95% CI:1.53-12.71) compared with those without no adverse SDoH (Table ). Conclusion: We found a strong association between lower income, unemployment, and having at least one adverse SDoH with increased ASCVD risk. Our findings suggest a need for targeted socio-economic policies to address these SDoH, particularly among older Black individuals, rather than individual-level strategies alone.
Abstract 028: The Role of Low Physical activity in Exacerbating Global Ischemic Heart Disease: A Three-Decade Global Comprehensive Analysis
Authors: Hardik Dineshbhai Desai, Anusha Parisapogu, Rutvij Patel, Anjani Kumar Thota, Vinay Kumar Gadamidi, Nmair Alziadin, Juveriya Yasmeen, Hassaan Imtiaz, Paritaben Bhalodia, Naradasu Pranathi Royal, Kshitija Manishbhai Thakkar
Journal: Circulation (2025)

Introduction: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with physical inactivity identified as a key modifiable risk factor. This is the first ever study estimating the burden of IHD attributable to low physical activity (LPA) including first 2 years of COVID-19 pandemic. Method: Using Standardized GBD 2021 methodology, we estimated deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), years lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs) due to IHD attributable to LPA stratified by age, sex, year and location across the 204 Countries and territories from 1990-2021. Non-fatal health outcomes were estimated using cause of death ensemble model (CODEm). Results are shown in absolute counts, unadjusted and age-standardized rate per 100,000. Results: From 1990-2021, the average annual percentage change (AAPC) the absolute death count rose by 2.00%, 1.79% for DALYs, 2.81% for YLDs, and 1.77% for YLLs. The highest increase in APC was observed in deaths among countries with a middle socio-demographic index at 2.06%, followed by DALYs at 1.60%. According to health system grouping levels, the highest death rate in 2021 was observed in countries with advanced health systems at 4.38 per 100,000 (95% UI: 1.8-7.3). Over the last three decades, males continued to show a higher burden compared to females, with APCs in deaths of 1.10% for males versus 0.74% for females, 0.89% for DALYs versus 0.65%, and 0.88% for YLLs versus 0.64%. Conclusion: Deaths due to IHD accounted for 2.58% of all IHD related deaths globally in 2021. Our findings underscore the need for public health strategies that address the complex socio-technological landscape influencing physical activity levels and suggest pathways for integrating more movement into daily life to mitigate the IHD burden. The need for action is urgent if we are to reverse the trends that have placed so many at risk in our increasingly sedentary world.
Abstract P2089: Heavy coffee consumption is associated with borderline high risk of coronary heart disease - a meta-analysis
Authors: Urvish Patel, RASHI PATEL, chandu siripuram, Athmananda Nanjundappa, Rishabh Rana, Sakshi Jain, Shika M Jain, Tanzina Khan, Sudharani Kintada, Lovekumar Vala, Neel Patel, Vaishnavi Sirekulam, Nishtha Naik, Tarun Parvataneni, HARMEET GILL
Journal: Circulation (2025)

Background: Coffee's global popularity arises from its stimulating effects on the central nervous system, taste, and aroma, making it one of the most widely consumed beverages. Numerous studies have explored the potential link between coffee consumption and diseases, particularly coronary heart disease (CHD), yet this association remains debatable. Purpose: This study aims to assess the risks and benefits of coffee consumption concerning CHD, compared to individuals who do not drink coffee. Methods: An umbrella meta-analysis incorporating existing meta-analyses was conducted. A systematic search was performed on the PubMed database from 2006 to 2023 using the PRISMA protocol. MeSH terms "coffee consumption," "coronary artery disease," and "myocardial infarction" were used. The study included 3.28 million participants from cohort studies across four prospective meta-analyses. Additionally, subgroup analysis based on varying levels of coffee intake (very-heavy, moderate, and light) was performed. Analysis was conducted using RevMan to derive a summarised risk ratio (RR) of CHD/MI associated with coffee consumption and a 95% Confidence Interval. Risk bias was incorporated using RoBANS integrated with RevMan. Sensitivity analysis was conducted by excluding one study at a time to derive Heterogeneity Index (I 2 ) scores. Forest plots were generated, with statistical significance set at p&lt;0.05. Results: The study comprised four meta-analyses meeting the inclusion criteria, incorporating 80 studies involving 3.28 million individuals worldwide. Compared to non-coffee drinkers, coffee consumers had a summarized risk ratio of 1.08 (95%CI: 1.01-1.14, I2: 76%, p&lt;0.00001). Subgroup analysis, with one study omitted, revealed that very-heavy coffee drinkers had a risk ratio of 1.14 (0.99-1.29, 73%, p&lt;0.00001), moderate coffee drinkers had a risk ratio of 1.02 (0.89-1.14, 77%, p&lt;0.00001), and light coffee drinkers had a risk ratio of 1.00 (0.94-1.06, 0%, p&lt;0.00001). Conclusion: Based on our umbrella meta-analysis, very-heavy coffee consumption is associated with a borderline increased risk of CHD. However, no significant difference was found between moderate and light coffee drinkers regarding CHD risk.
Abstract P3056: A Metabolomic Study of Cardiac Dysfunction in Hyperglycemia
Authors: Yilin Yoshida, Ngoc Quynh Nguyen, Eun Hye Moon, Rebholz Casey, Hicham Skali, Victoria Arthur, Justin Echouffo, Christie Ballantyne, Elizabeth Selvin, Qibin Qi, Susan Cheng, robert kaplan, Carlos Rodriguez, Amil Shah, Bing Yu
Journal: Circulation (2025)

Objective: Hyperglycemia (pre-diabetes and diabetes, DM) is associated with heart failure (HF). We aimed to identify distinct metabolites for subclinical cardiac dysfunction (CD), a precursor of HF, in hyperglycemic vs. euglycemic groups. Method: We used data from the ARIC study (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities). In HF-free 2492 participants at baseline (2011-2013), 1297 were hyperglycemic (HbA1c&gt;5.7%, fasting glucose&gt;100 mg/dL, DM medication, or a DM diagnosis) and 1195 were euglycemic. We performed logistic regression for the association of 790 metabolites and CD, defined by echocardiographic abnormalities (LV hypertrophy, systolic or diastolic dysfunction) or elevated biomarkers (NTproBNP&gt;125 pg/mL or HS troponin T&gt;14 ng/L in women, &gt;22 ng/L in men) at baseline in two glycemic groups separately. We used Cox regression to evaluate the association between CD-related metabolites (i.e., significant metabolites in the cross-sectional analyses) with HF risk. Analyses were adjusted for clinical risk factors and multiple comparisons (FDR&lt; 5%) and replicated in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). Results: 34 out of 790 and 16 out of 790 metabolites were associated with CD in the hyperglycemic (15% Black, 33% men) and euglycemic (22% Black, 47% men) groups, respectively. Metabolites previously identified as microvascular disease-related markers (e.g., pseudouridine, N6-carbamoylthreonyladenosine, N6-acetyllysine, N2, N5-diacetylornithine) were associated with CD in the hyperglycemic group (Fig1). Carbohydrate and cofactor-derived metabolites (e.g., gulonate, erythrocyte) were associated with CD in the euglycemic group (Fig1). 10 and 12 distinct CD-related metabolites in hyperglycemic and euglycemic groups, respectively, were also prospectively associated with HF risk (Hazard Ratios 1.2-1.9)(Fig2). 24 out of 34 and 11 out of 16 CD-related metabolites in the hyperglycemic and euglycemic groups, respectively, were available for validation in HCHS/SOL (n 1202, 34% men). The results were consistent with ARIC, where 10 and 12 distinct CD-related metabolites showed nominal significant association with incident HF in two glycemic groups, respectively. Conclusion: Metabolites known for microvascular complications (retinopathy, kidney disease) were associated with CD among hyperglycemic participants, supporting the premise that microvascular dysfunction contributes to HF pathogenesis in people with hyperglycemia.
Abstract 022: The Effects of Dietary Patterns and Sodium Reduction on Blood Pressure in Type 2 Diabetes: Results of the DASH4D Randomized Trial
Authors: Scott Pilla, Hsin-Chieh Yeh, Christine Mitchell, Nae-yuh Wang, Lawrence Appel
Journal: Circulation (2025)

Background: People with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and hypertension are at high risk for cardiovascular events, and a minority achieve recommended blood pressure (BP) goals. While trials have established the benefits of antihypertensive drug therapy in T2D, few studies have tested the BP-lowering effects of diet, and there is a need to optimize BP-lowering diets for people with T2D. Here, we report the main findings of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension for Diabetes (DASH4D) trial, a randomized crossover feeding study that tested the effects of the DASH4D diet and dietary sodium reduction on BP in adults with T2D. Methods: The DASH4D diet was developed by our multidisciplinary team, optimizing the original DASH diet for T2D by including lower carbohydrate content, higher unsaturated fat, and lower potassium for safety with kidney disease. Major inclusion criteria were age ≥18 years, T2D, systolic blood pressure (SBP) 120-159 mmHg, and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) &lt;100 mmHg. Participants were randomized to a sequence of four diets, each for five weeks: 1) DASH4D diet with lower sodium, 2) DASH4D diet with higher sodium, 3) comparison (typical American) diet with lower sodium, and 4) comparison diet with higher sodium. Participants were provided all of their food, prepared in the study metabolic kitchen, and ate no outside food. Weight was held constant. The primary and secondary outcomes were end-of-period SBP and DBP, respectively. The primary dietary contrast compared the effects of the DASH4D diet with lower sodium vs. comparison diet with higher sodium using linear mixed effects regression with a modified intention-to-treat approach. Results: Of 102 participants, 85 completed all four diet periods. Mean age was 66 years, 66% were women, 88% were non-Hispanic Black, mean baseline BP was 135/75 mmHg, and 66% used ≥2 antihypertensive medications. Compared to the comparison diet with higher sodium, the DASH4D diet with lower sodium reduced end-of-period SBP (mean Δ -4.5 mmHg, 95% CI: -7.1 to -1.9, p&lt;0.001) and DBP (mean Δ -2.2 mmHg, 95% CI -3.6 to -0.8). The majority of SBP reduction occurred in the first 3 weeks of each diet, and the effect of sodium reduction appeared stronger than the effect of the DASH4D diet (Figure). Adverse events were infrequent on all diets. Conclusions: In adults with T2D, most treated with multiple antihypertensive medications, the DASH4D diet combined with sodium reduction achieved a clinically significant reduction in BP.
Abstract P2099: Higher Carotid IMT Related to Lower Cognitive Function in Healthy Adults: the i3C DECADE Study
Authors: Elaine Urbina, Lydia Bazzano, Owen Carmichael, Ileana De Anda-Duran, Achala Vagal, Jessica Woo, David Libon
Journal: Circulation (2025)

Introduction: As the US population ages, the prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) is expected to increase. Cardiovascular risk factors an accelerated vascular aging increase risk for ADRD. Therefore, we examined the relationship between carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and neurocognitive function in a longitudinal study of the effect of CV risk factors on brain health. Methods: Participants had CV risk factors (BMI, BP, Lipids, high sensitivity CRP), IMT (mean R&amp;L, common, bulb, internal) and Rowan Digital Cancellation Tests (RDCT) collected which consists of 3 tests administered on an iPAD that varied in stimulus complexity. For Letter, participants were asked to circle the letter A on a sheet of letters where there were 16 targets (the letter ‘A’) in each of the 4 quadrants of the paper, for Symbol, they were to circle a specific symbol, and for Mixed they were to alternate between A and the symbol. A Summary outcome measure was calculated for each test condition by combining correct hits, average time between correct hits, and drawing time for correct targets. Mean values for CV risk factors, IMT and RDCT were calculated; and general linear models were constructed to determine if IMT remained associated with RDCT after adjustment for demographics, age, BP, lipids, and hsCRP. Results: Forty-nine participants had data available (mean age 60.7 + 6.3 yr, 68% female, 73% white). Higher IMT was associated with reduced neurocognitive functioning (lower RDCT) independently of CV risk factors for all 3 RDCT outcomes (TABLE). Summary: In these preliminary findings among middle-aged adults, accelerated vascular aging was associated with poorer cognitive function. Additional research with a greater number of participants with replication in populations who are older, have known mild cognitive impairment, and dementia are needed to determine the utility of IMT as a biomarker for age-related neurodegenerative disease.
Abstract P1149: SAHAS-CR: Improving Cardiovascular Disease and Stroke Prevention Awareness in South Asians using a Culturally Tailored Approach
Authors: Taniya Thomas, Aneri Patel, Lauren Dori, Komal Hombal, Divya Mohanraj, Richa Nathan, Burhanuddin Sabir, Drishti Patel, Gurpreet Singh
Journal: Circulation (2025)

Introduction: The risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is nearly doubled in the South Asian population. South Asians experience earlier disease onset and increased morbidity and mortality compared to other ethnic groups. Culturally tailored health education has been shown to improve disease knowledge and clinical outcomes. However, the effectiveness of such initiatives within the South Asian population is not well known. This study aims to investigate changes in knowledge following a culturally tailored CVD and stroke education session in South Asians. Methods: A 20-minute CVD and stroke prevention education session tailored to South Asian culture was conducted at a local community center. Surveys with clinically focused and culturally focused questions were administered pre- and post- session to assess changes in knowledge. Statistical analysis comparing mean change in knowledge was performed using paired t-tests. Results: The session was attended by 161 participants who identified as South Asian, with a mean age of 49 years old, 48% female, and a mean length of residence in the US of 20 years. The following risk factors of CVD were identified amongst participants: hypertension in 31%, diabetes mellitus in 24%, obesity in 17%, hyperlipidemia in 34%, arrhythmias in 5%, prior stroke in 3%, and prior myocardial infarction in 7%. The average pre-session knowledge score was 53 +/- 17 % which increased to 63 +/- 18% post-session (p&lt;0.001). Post-session change in knowledge for questions addressing culturally tailored lifestyle modifications were significantly higher than change in knowledge for questions addressing pathophysiological concepts (p&lt;0.02). Further stratification also reveals that changes in knowledge post-session were greater for questions addressing medical concepts taught in a culturally relevant context than concepts which were not (p&lt;0.05). Conclusion: Community health education appears to be associated with improved CVD and stroke knowledge in the South Asian community. Furthermore, education provided from a cultural perspective is associated with a greater improvement in knowledge than that provided from a clinically focused perspective. These insights are critical for the development of patient education strategies that align with the cultural practices and values of South Asian individuals, who bear a substantial burden of cardiovascular disease.
Abstract P2130: Identifying Predictors of Achieving 150 Minutes of Weekly Walking in Aging Latinx Adults Enrolled in a 12-month Physical Activity RCT: Insights from Signal Detection Analysis
Authors: Astrid Zamora, Michele Patel, Maria Campero, Dulce Maria Garcia, Abby King
Journal: Circulation (2025)

Physical activity, a key component of Life’s Essential 8, is critical for cardiovascular health, especially among older Latinx adults—a demographic with a high prevalence of at least one cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor. Despite previous interventions aimed at helping older adults meet age-specific physical activity (PA) guidelines, achieving this objective continues to be a challenge. This study utilized signal detection analysis (SDA) to identify combinations of baseline demographic, clinical, behavioral, and psychosocial factors, alongside intervention type, that predicted meeting the ≥ 150 minutes per week walking goal at the 12-month study endpoint among insufficiently active older Latinx adults enrolled in COMPASS (Computerized Physical Activity Support for Seniors) – a cluster-randomized physical activity (PA) effectiveness trial. From July 2014 to July 2016, a total of 245 participants aged 50 and older from the San Francisco Bay Area were randomly assigned to either a human peer advisor or a virtual advisor intervention arm. The PA goal was assessed using the validated Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors (CHAMPS) questionnaire. SDA, a recursive partitioning exploratory method, was used to explore subgroups of participants most and least likely to achieve the goal of ≥150 minutes of walking per week, based on the intervention arm and other predictors. Overall, 49.8% of participants met the walking goal. Among those living in smaller households (&lt;3 people), higher acculturation to US media (score of 5) and lower resting systolic blood pressure (&lt;117 mmHg) were the strongest predictors of success. For participants in larger households (≥3 people), fewer hours of sedentary behavior (&lt;33.8 hr/week) and lower resting heart rate (&lt;64 bpm) were key predictors of success. Notably, the intervention arm was not a significant factor in achieving the PA goal. Study findings underscore the need to focus on specific subgroups to optimize PA interventions. Combinations of factors such as acculturation, cardiovascular health markers, and sedentary behavior may play a critical role in achieving PA outcomes among older Latinx adults. These findings support a precision exercise approach to PA interventions that target the unique needs of aging, underactive minority populations.
Abstract P1158: Agreement of Non-Invasive Devices that Measure Pulse Wave Velocity: VaSera vs VICORDER
Authors: Patricia Pagan Lassalle, Zachary Kerr, Bethany Barone Gibbs, Justin Moore, Matthew Loop, Michelle Meyer
Journal: Circulation (2025)

Background: Adequately assessing subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk is crucial to mitigate CVD globally. A functional and structural measure of subclinical CVD risk, arterial stiffness is commonly measured as pulse wave velocity (PWV). However, PWV is typically estimated using non-invasive devices that use different techniques and body segments for measurement, leading to concerns when comparing PWV from different devices. Two PWV measures that estimate central arterial stiffness include a heart-to-thigh PWV (htPWV) and carotid-femoral PWV (cfPWV). It is essential to determine the agreement between different devices, particularly those used in large population-based cohorts, because these cohort studies are key to understanding subclinical CVD risk factors. Methods: We compared PWV measurements between the VaSera (htPWV) and VICORDER (cfPWV) devices in generally healthy adults (18-84 years) during two separate visits. We recruited 60 participants, of which 58 had PWV data for both devices. At each visit, three measurements were taken with the VaSera at a supine posture and three at 25 degrees for the VICORDER. The closest two observations were averaged for each device, and average observations from both visits were used for analysis. Agreement was assessed via the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) from a two-level mixed effects model adjusted for visit, side, and device, and Bland-Altman plots. Results: The ICC between the VaSera and VICORDER was 0.83 [95% confidence interval: 0.76, 0.89]. On average, VaSera values were 2.27 [-4.17, -0.36] m/s lower than VICORDER values. Conclusion: There was good agreement between measures of PWV on the VaSera and VICORDER devices. However, VaSera measurements were consistently lower than VICORDER values. The good agreement between devices suggests that each devices is accurately classifying high vs. low arterial stiffness, but the large differences in values between devices suggests PWV measured by the devices would not be interchangeable/comparable.