tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Faecalibacterium prausnitzii prevents age-related heart failure by suppressing ferroptosis in cardiomyocytes through butyrate-mediated LCN2 regulation
Authors: Yun Zhang, Ying Wei, Xuejie Han, Ling Shi, Hui Yu, Xuanrui Ji, Yunlong Gao, Qianhui Gao, Linwei Zhang, Yu Duan, Wenpeng Li, Yue Yuan, Jing Shi, Liang Cheng, Yue Li
Journal: Gut Microbes (2025)

Aging is a primary driver of the escalating prevalence of heart failure (HF). Age-associated gut microbiota dysbiosis has been implicated in various age-related diseases, yet its role in age-related HF remains largely unexplored. In this study, we sought to explore the potential link between age-related gut microbiota alterations and HF in the elderly. We analyzed a publicly available single-cell sequencing dataset, which revealed markedly increased ferroptosis activity in cardiac myocytes of elderly individuals compared to their younger counterparts. Notably, treatment with the ferroptosis inhibitor, ferrostatin-1, mitigated cardiac ferroptosis and prevented cardiac dysfunction in aging rats. Furthermore, fecal microbiota transplantation from elderly HF patients significantly increased cardiac ferroptosis activity and induced cardiac dysfunction in healthy recipient rats. Integrated 16S rRNA sequencing and PCR quantification revealed a marked depletion of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (F. prausnitzii) in elderly individuals, with a more pronounced decline in elderly patients with HF. Oral administration of F. prausnitzii or its metabolite butyrate effectively attenuated age-related HF through inhibiting ferroptosis. Additionally, gene-editing techniques were employed to generate F. prausnitzii BCoAT mutant deficient in butyrate production. Intriguingly, the protective effect was lost in the butyrate-deficient F. prausnitzii strain. Mechanistically, butyrate reduced intracellular iron accumulation and suppressed ferroptosis by downregulating LCN2 expression in senescent cardiomyocytes. Our findings highlight the critical role of aged microbiota-induced ferroptosis in HF and propose F. prausnitzii or butyrate may serve as potential targets for the prevention and treatment of age-related HF.
Inflammatory 68Ga FAPI-46 Uptake Mimicking a Sister Mary Joseph’s Nodule in a Case of Gastric Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Zehranur Tosunoğlu, Mustafa Bozkurt, Sibel Erdamar, Erman Aytaç, Tevfik Fikret Çermik, Esra Arslan
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2025)

Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is a type II transmembrane protease expressed in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) that constitute a part of the tumor stroma and influence the tumor microenvironment. Although FAP is not expected to be physiologically expressed in noncancer-associated cells, it can be observed in wound healing, arthritis, atherosclerotic plaques, and fibrosis. In this case, we would like to present early-stage 68 Ga FAPI-46 PET/CT inflammation findings at the trocar entry site mimicking the Sister Mary Joseph’s nodule in a patient diagnosed with gastric signet ring cell carcinoma.
Sexual dimorphism of lung immune-regulatory units imprint biased pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Peng Xiang, Liwen Wang, Xu Feng, Qi Guo, Genqing Xie, Langqing Sheng, Linyun Chen, Jianhui Teng, Jinlin Yang, Xuecheng Wu, Xi Peng, Renbin Lu, Xianghang Luo, Jie Wen, Hai-Yan Zhou
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2025)
Triple Negative Breast Cancer and 68Ga-Trivehexin
Authors: Fahad Marafi, Taibah Alahmad, Mahmoud Alfeeli, Alyaa Sadeq
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2025)

αvβ6 integrin is a heterodimeric transmembrane cell adhesive receptors that mediate cell-substratum adhesion and has been correlated to aggressiveness of various malignancies including breast cancer, with reduced progression-free survival. This integrin was found to facilitate tumor invasion, inhibit apoptosis, regulate expression of matrix metalloproteases, and activate TGF-β. Therefore, it could serve as a prognostic prob for tracking preinvasive tumor progression and monitoring the treatment variety of radiopharmaceuticals that target αvβ6-integrin, as well as its potential role as theranostic agent. Our case demonstrates the viability of 68 Ga-Trivehexin PET tracer in a case of histopathologically proven triple-negative breast cancer.
Perioperative nivolumab and chemotherapy in locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus: a randomized multicentre phase 2 study with circulating tumor DNA dynamics monitoring
Authors: Heng Jiao, Siyun Lin, Jianmin Gu, Dongxian Jiang, Peng Cui, Zhiliang Huang, Yong Fang, Hao Wang, Miao Lin, Han Tang, Tian Jiang, Guangyi Lin, Shaoyuan Zhang, Hao Yin, Fei Liang, Jingshu Wang, Xuning Fan, Fujun Qiu, Yang Yang, Zhigang Li, Bin Li, Jiaqing Xiang, Xuefeng Leng, Yongtao Han, Chengcheng Li, Luoyan Ai, Yingyong Hou, Guoqiang Wang, Zhihong Zhang, Shangli Cai, Tianshu Liu, Jun Yin, Lijie Tan
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2025)

Although neoadjuvant chemotherapy and immunotherapy show promise in treating oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), long-term survival data are limited. This randomized, multicenter phase 2 study evaluated the efficacy of perioperative Nivolumab with chemotherapy, followed by surgery and adjuvant immunotherapy, in patients with locally advanced resectable OSCC, and explored the prognostic role of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) status. In this trial, participants recruited from five centers were randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to receive either perioperative Nivolumab or a placebo in addition to chemotherapy (cisplatin and paclitaxel), followed by minimally invasive esophagectomy. For those who did not achieve a pathological complete response (pCR), adjuvant treatment with Nivolumab was administered. The main measure of success was the pCR rate, with secondary endpoints including the R0 resection rate, event-free survival, and overall survival. All outcomes and safety measures were assessed based on the intention-to-treat population. ctDNA levels were monitored as exploratory endpoints. Ninety patients were enrolled and randomized to Nivolumab or placebo plus chemotherapy. The pCR rate was slightly higher in the Nivolumab group (15%) compared to the control group (13.3%) (relative risk, 1.13; 95% CI, 0.38 to 3.36). No significant differences were observed in R0 resection rates (96.4% vs. 96.6%; P > 0.05). The median follow-up duration was 24.9 months (interquartile range: 22.8 to 26.7 months). Two-year event-free survival rates were 63.11% in the Nivolumab group versus 60.47% in the chemo group (hazard ratio, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.49 to 1.92). Two-year overall survival rates were 83.32% and 79.4%, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.29 to 2.31). All participants were ctDNA positive at baseline, but post-treatment, 89% of the Nivolumab group and 62.5% of the placebo group turned ctDNA negative (P = 0.01). Those negative for ctDNA at all testing points showed significantly better disease-free survival (P < 0.001). Perioperative Nivolumab plus chemotherapy is a viable and safe option for systemically treating locally advanced resectable OSCC. Monitoring minimal residual disease through ctDNA could be potentially valuable for assessing the effectiveness of adjuvant therapy and for prognostic evaluation in a systemic manner. ClinicalTrials.gov registration NCT05213312.
Detection of Recurrent Parathyroid Cancer Using 68Ga-Trivehexin PET/CT
Authors: Dilara Denizmen ﻿Zorba, Serkan Kuyumcu, Ayse Kubat Uzum, Emine Go﻿knur﻿ Isik, Yasemin Sanli
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2025)

A 53-year-old woman with a history of multiple surgeries due to recurrent parathyroid carcinoma (rPTC) presented with elevated serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) and ionized calcium (Ca) levels. While 18 F-FDG PET/CT showed no pathologic uptake and 99m Tc-MIBI SPECT/CT showed a suspicious uptake, 68 Ga-Trivehexin PET/CT revealed intense activity in the recurrent lesion, as well as mild activity in one of the newly detected, widespread lesions in both lungs, which was assessed as metastatic. This is the first case report demonstrating the potential role of 68 Ga-Trivehexin PET/CT in detecting recurrent PTC, highlighting the possibility of false-negative results with 18 F-FDG PET/CT and 99m Tc-MIBI scintigraphy.
Correction: Preclinical discovery and initial clinical data of WVT078, a BCMA × CD3 bispecific antibody
Authors: Marc S Raab, Yael C Cohen, Fredrik Schjesvold, Kimberly Aardalen, Adwait Oka, Andrew Spencer, Martin Wermke, Anita D Souza, Jonathan L Kaufman, Anna Maria Cafro, Enrique M Ocio, Noriko Doki, Kristin Henson, Gina Trabucco, Ana Carrion, Florent C Bender, Pierre-Eric Juif, Adonai Fessehatsion, Liqiong Fan, Jeffrey P Stonehouse, John W Blankenship, Brian Granda, Serena De Vita, Haihui Lu
Journal: Leukemia (2025)
Digital twins for the era of personalized surgery
Authors: Yosra Magdi Mekki, Gijs Luijten, Elisabet Hagert, Sirajeddin Belkhair, Chris Varghese, Junaid Qadir, Barry Solaiman, Muhammad Bilal, Jaghtar Dhanda, Jan Egger, Jun Deng, Vikas Khanduja, Alejandro F Frangi, Susu M Zughaier, Mitchell A Stotland
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2025)
Correction: Sulforaphane, a Dietary Component of Broccoli/Broccoli Sprouts, Inhibits Breast Cancer Stem Cells
Authors: Yanyan Li, Tao Zhang, Hasan Korkaya, Suling Liu, Hsiu-Fang Lee, Bryan Newman, Yanke Yu, Shawn G. Clouthier, Steven J. Schwartz, Max S. Wicha, Duxin Sun
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2025)
Fabrication of a Lipopolysaccharide‐Targeting Peptide‐Based Colloid for Alleviating Carbapenem‐Resistant <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i>‐Induced Cutaneous Infection
Authors: Ping Zeng, Xinyi Ding, Chenyu Liu, Sheng Chen, Kin‐Fai Chan, Sharon Shui Yee Leung
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2025)

Abstract Carbapenem‐resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) becomes a growing threat to human health. Many clinical isolates have shown strong resistance to commonly used antibacterial agents. Inspired by cationic amphiphiles with tandem‐repeat sequence, two novel peptides termed IW (IWRRIWRRIWRRIWRR‐NH 2 ) and WI (WIRRWIRRWIRRWIRR‐NH 2 ) are designed, synthesized, and investigated in this study. Both exhibited favorable antibacterial activity against “superbugs” at micromole level, surpassing conventional antibiotics, like meropenem and imipenem. Adopting the analytic strategies of molecular dynamics simulation in combination with experimental verification, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is proposed as a potential target for IW with a calculated dissociation constant of 886 ± 879 nM. Though deadly to infamous bacteria, IW demonstrated negligible toxicity to Galleria mellonella ( GM ) larvae at 500 mg kg −1 . For better administration, IW was formulated with a commercial pharmaceutical excipient poloxamer 407 (P407) to fabricate an antibacterial colloid. This material was verified to effectively reduce the bacterial burden of Escherichia coli ‐infected skin in a mouse model by ≈1.5 log compared with the P407‐treated group. Overall, this work expanded the potential arsenal against carbapenem‐resistant strains by introducing a new engineered molecule delivered using a cheap, concise formulation strategy accordingly.
<i>N</i><sup>6</sup>‐methyladenosine‐regulated exosome biogenesis orchestrates an immunosuppressive pre‐metastatic niche in gastric cancer peritoneal metastasis
Authors: Song Li, Jianyuan Zhou, Shuang Wang, Qian Yang, Shulun Nie, Chunwang Ji, Xue Zhang, Shuhan Li, Xuanyu Zhou, Jiahui Chu, Xuehui Wu, Jianqiao Jiao, Ruitao Xu, Qian Xu, Miao Huang, Qiushi Wang, Liliang Dou, Qinqin Hu, Fan Jiang, Xin Dai, Zhaodi Nan, Xinyu Song, Di Zhang, Lian Liu
Journal: Cancer Communications (2025)

Abstract Background Gastric cancer peritoneal metastasis is clinically challenging, given the limited treatment options and poor prognosis. The molecular mechanisms that precede gastric cancer peritoneal metastasis, known as the pre‐metastatic niche (PMN), and its relationship with N 6 ‐methyladenosine (m 6 A) modification remain unclear. Methods We used 87 resected gastric cancer tissues and 4 public datasets to explore the association between methyltransferase‐like 3 (METTL3) expression and gastric cancer peritoneal metastasis. Roles of m 6 A, exosomes, or macrophages in PMN formation were explored in immunocompetent mouse models through exosome treatments or macrophage modifications. Key genes and regulatory mechanisms were uncovered using mass spectrometry, RNA/miRNA sequencing, RNA‐immunoprecipitation, dual‐luciferase assays, and point mutations in the ras‐related protein Rab‐27A ( RAB27A ) in cells. Macrophage and T‐cell functions were assessed using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, flow cytometry, and cytotoxicity assays. Results METTL3 overexpression in gastric cancer cells enhanced RAB27A translation by methylating its mRNA A502 base, facilitated by its m 6 A “reader” YTH N 6 ‐methyladenosine RNA binding protein F1 (YTHDF1), and led to increased exosome biogenesis. The miRNA‐17‐92 cluster was enriched in METTL3‐overexpressed cell‐derived exosomes and targeted SRC kinase signaling inhibitor 1 (SRCIN1) to activate SRC proto‐oncogene, non‐receptor tyrosine kinase (SRC) signaling in peritoneal macrophages. Macrophage activation skewed cytokine production towards an immunosuppressive profile in the peritoneum, elevating the levels of interleukin (IL)‐10 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and reducing the levels of IL‐1 and IL‐6. These cytokine shifts inhibited T cell proliferation and cytotoxic activities, which created an immunosuppressive PMN and led to peritoneal metastasis. The association between METTL3, macrophages, and peritoneal metastasis was verified in clinical samples. Conclusions Our study identified an intricate m 6 A‐regulated mechanism of peritoneal PMN development that is mediated by exosome‐promoted macrophages. These insights into gastric cancer peritoneal metastasis offer promising directions for translational research.
Impact of physical activity on the incidence of psychiatric conditions during childhood: a longitudinal Swedish birth cohort study
Authors: Oskar Lundgren, Hanna Tigerstrand, Andrea Lebena, Marie Löf, Johnny Ludvigsson
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2025)

Emerging evidence supports the importance of physical activity (PA) and behaviours that build resilience to prevent childhood psychiatric disorders. To investigate associations between parent-reported PA, time spent outdoors and participation in organised sports and later incidence of psychiatric conditions in children. A birth cohort of 17 055 Swedish children was followed up until age 18 years. Data on parent-reported PA, time outdoors and participation in organised sports were collected for children at ages 5, 8 and 11. Diagnoses of psychiatric conditions were obtained from a national registry. Longitudinal interactions were analysed with two-way analysis of variance, and hazard ratios for incidence until 18 years were calculated with Cox proportional hazard models, adjusting for mothers' education and use of psychotropics, children's adverse life events and sex. PA declined from 4.2 to 2.5 hours per day between 5 and 11 years of age. PA at 11 years was negatively associated with the incidence of any psychiatric conditions among all participants (HR=0.88, 95% CI 0.79 to 0.98) until 18 years. PA at 11 years showed a trend for reducing depression among girls (HR=0.82, 95% CI 0.67 to 1.00) and boys (HR=0.71, 95% CI 0.47 to 1.06) and protected against anxiety (HR=0.61, 95% CI 0.42 to 0.90) and addiction (HR=0.65, 95% CI 0.45 to 0.95) for boys, but not for girls (anxiety: HR=0.96, 95% CI 0.81 to 1.13, addiction: HR=1.04, 95% CI 0.68 to 1.58). Time outdoors showed no protective associations, while participation in organised sports showed significant protective effects on anxiety and addiction for both boys and girls, and on depression for boys. This study provides evidence that PA and participation in organised sports may have sex-specific protective effects against several childhood psychiatric conditions.
GP73: the key to unlocking immunotherapies efficacy in solid tumors?
Authors: Rebecca J Bayliss, Alan L Parker
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2025)

Resident Golgi protein 73 (GP73) is expressed in many healthy tissues, however overexpression is associated with both viral infections and cancer. As an oncoprotein, GP73 drives tumor progression and plays a fundamental role in immune regulation. A recent publication illustrates a role for GP73 in T-cell antitumor immunity employing GP73 genetically depleted T-cell mouse models. GP73-deficient T-cells were found to detrimentally affect CD8+T cell cytotoxicity and glycolysis primarily due to its interaction with Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and mTOR levels in hypoxic cells, suggesting a key role for GP73 in T-cell cytotoxicity within the hypoxic tumor microenvironment. This finding opens the door to the potential development of GP73 targeting through ectopic expression of GP73 which was found to restore glycolysis and therefore T-cell cytotoxicity resulting in tumor regression. In addition, GP73 was found to be a potential biomarker to inform clinical treatment of patients undergoing immunotherapy. Could GP73 be the key to establishing a therapeutic strategy for generating improved patient responses to immunotherapy?
Asias emergence in cancer immunotherapy: challenges and opportunities
Authors: Yan Li, Joe Yeong, Bernard A Fox, Cheng Sun
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2025)

Asia's role in cancer immunotherapy research is rapidly expanding, driven by cutting-edge facilities, innovative technologies, and collaborative efforts. This commentary examines the region's growing impact, highlighting key clinical trials, emerging research hubs, and unique challenges that we face. It discusses the need for standardization in cell and gene therapies, and more broadly all immunotherapies, addressing cost and accessibility issues. We examine the implications of genetic diversity in Asian populations as well as cultural and linguistic factors that affect clinical trials and patient care. The analysis extends to emerging opportunities in technological innovation and international collaboration, while addressing critical challenges in regulatory oversight, data transparency, and intellectual property protection. The success of the recent SITC-World Immunotherapy Council-Asia conference is showcased as a catalyst for future collaborations. By tackling these challenges and using innovations, Asian countries can significantly contribute to global advancements in cancer immunotherapy, potentially improving outcomes for patients worldwide.
Large language models for detecting colorectal polyps in endoscopic images
Authors: Luca Carlini, Davide Massimi, Yuichi Mori, Giulio Antonelli, Tommy Rizkala, Marco Spadaccini, Chiara Lena, Sravanthi Parasa, Raf Bisschops, Daniel von Renteln, Susanne O'Reilly, Prateek Sharma, Douglas K Rex, Michael Bretthauer, Alessandro Repici, Elena Demomi, Cesare Hassan
Journal: Gut (2025)
Patterns of hospitalizations due to bacterial skin and soft tissue infections: a retrospective observational study from a Portuguese national registry
Authors: Gilberto P da Rosa, João V Santos, André Cerejeira, Pedro Matos, Filomena Azevedo, Alberto Freitas, Carmen Lisboa
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2025)

This study analysed 88,944 hospitalizations for skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) in Portugal from 2000 to 2016, using a nationwide registry data. Results revealed an increasing burden of SSTI hospitalizations, with rates rising from 47.5 to 53.5 per 100,000 persons. Although in-hospital mortality rose from 2.1% to 3.1%, adjustments for Charlson Comorbidity Index, sex and age showed a declining predicted probability of in-hospital mortality, highlighting the impact of aging and comorbidities in this population.
“What’s in a name?” Clarifying the identity of RORγt+ antigen-presenting cells
Authors: Feiya Ou, Kenneth M. Murphy
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2025)

Recent publications have demonstrated that antigen-presenting cells (APCs) targeted by Rorc-cre (also known as RORγt-cre) are required for the induction of peripheral regulatory T (pTreg) cells in response to commensal and dietary antigens. In this issue of JEM, Sun et al. (https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20250573) provide key insights into the identity of these cells, revealing that Rorc-cre–traced APCs include group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s), dendritic cells (DCs), and extrathymic AIRE-expressing cells (eTACs). Their work highlights eTACs as critical for inducing RORγt+ pTregs specific to food antigens, while implicating DCs in the generation of RORγt− pTregs.
Barriers to Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy
Authors: Yannis K. Valtis, Kuo-Kai Chin, David Nemirovsky, Sean M. Devlin, Meira Yisraeli Salman, Leora Boussi, Briana Cadzin, Carina McLoughlin, Elizabeth Cathcart, Paul Davis, Chelsea Brooklyn, Todd Goldstein, Chris Famulare, Gunjan L. Shah, Moneeza Walji, Michael Scordo, Alexander P. Boardman, Roni Shouval, Eytan M. Stein, Mark B. Geyer, Sham Mailankody, M. Lia Palomba, Saad Z. Usmani, Gilles Salles, Sergio A. Giralt, Miguel-Angel Perales, Jae H. Park
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2025)

This cohort study examines barriers to access of CAR T-cell therapy among patients with hematologic cancer referred for this treatment.
Pediatric Intensive Care Unit Conflict Management Perspectives Among Physician and Nurse Leaders
Authors: Aleksandra E. Olszewski, Seema K. Shah, Leonardo Barrera, Leopoldo Castillo, Irini Kolaitis, Denise M. Goodman, Erin Paquette
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2025)

Importance Decision-making conflict is common in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and associated with negative outcomes for patients, families, and teams. Disparities in conflict outcomes are reported, yet no studies have explored conflict management approaches. Objective To understand approaches to conflict mediation and escalation in the PICU. Design, Setting, and Participants This national, multicenter, prospective, mixed-methods survey study recruited PICU physician and nursing directors from February to April 2023. Exposure PICU size, conflict policy, behavior contract tracking. Main Outcomes and Measures Closed- and open-ended survey questions were used to collect information on hospital policies, general conflict approaches, and specific approaches to scenarios. Results The overall response rate was 57% (68 of 120 surveys, with 60 complete enough for analysis). Overall, 30 of 51 respondents (59%) identified as female, with a wide distribution of reported years in current role and percentage of time spent in clinical care. Institution regions varied, with an even distribution among institutions with different PICU sizes. Conflict strategies were used variably across institutions. Approximately 65% (32 of 49) reported policies for conflict management. Only 23% (10 of 43) tracked conflicts and their outcomes. Few institutions trained staff in conflict management techniques. Compared with institutions that did not track behavior contracts, those that did were more likely to call ethics consults for conflict management (3 of 12 [25%] vs 0 of 20; P = .04) and to implement behavior contracts for more objective reasons (8 of 11 [73%] vs 4 of 16 [25%]; P = .02). Leaders offered ideas for multipronged conflict prevention and response based on strategies implemented at their institutions but also highlighted needs and concerns with existing approaches. Conclusions and Relevance In this mixed-methods survey study of PICU physician and nurse leaders, tracking and internal reporting of conflicts and outcomes were associated with more objectively applied interventions. The wide-ranging approaches and thresholds for escalation voiced by our respondents indicate a need to develop standardized and evidence-based processes to ensure greater effectiveness by clinical teams and leaders in addressing conflict and reduce potential disparities in outcomes. Respondents shared ideas for preventive and responsive processes that could be implemented and tested in the future. Learning from existing management approaches may help develop standardized, generalizable interventions to reduce conflict, improve interventions, and reduce subjectivity in the application of interventions.