tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 4565: Optimal Timing Of Stage-2 Palliation For Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome
Authors: Edward J Hickey, Christopher A Caldarone, Eugene H Blackstone, Thomas Yeh, Christian Pizarro, William G Williams, Jeffrey P Jacobs, Marshall L Jacobs, Christo I Tchervenkov, Brian W McCrindle
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background Because optimal timing of stage-2 palliation of HLHS is contentious, we explored associations between length of time between stage-1 and stage-2 (“interstage interval”) and survival. Methods A multi-institutional cohort of neonates (N=703;1994 –2001) who underwent Norwood palliation for HLHS was studied. Survival models were constructed for each of stage-1 and stage-2 and their combined cumulative hazard was defined. Results A constant, persisting hazard for death was prominent ≈2 months after Norwood (“interstage death”). Risk factors for interstage death included: smaller weight at diagnosis, longer DHCA duration, smaller indexed tricuspid annulus, mitral stenosis, older age at Norwood, smaller distal arch dimension and sternal splinting (all P &lt;.01, &gt;50% bootstrap reliability). Following stage-2 palliation (N=404, median interval 5.8 months after Norwood), 32 died before subsequent Fontan completion. Risk factors for these deaths included: earlier stage-2 ( P &lt;.0001, 60% reliability), younger age at Norwood and smaller RV dimensions at diagnosis. Performing stage-2 within 2 months of Norwood conferred exponential increased risk of death. Cumulative hazard exposure (figure ) was minimized with interstage interval ≈ 3 months. For low risk patients intervals &gt;4 months were optimal. For high-risk children survival was optimized with ≈ 2 month interstage interval. Conclusions Optimal timing of stage-2 palliation is dependent on patients’ risk category. High-risk children may have improved survival by early progression to stage-2; no such benefits are seen for lower risk children. The interstage interval will not be safely reduced below 2 months.
Dangerous Trades. The Historical. Social, and Legal Aspects of Industrial Occupations as Affecting Health, by a Number of Experts.
Authors: Thomas Oliver
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Advances in Nephrourology.
Authors: Michele Pavone-Macaluso, P. H. Smith
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

1 Immunology of Renal Disease.- Immunological Problems in Kidney Disease - An Introduction.- Pathophysiology of Inflammation.- The Abnormalities of the Complement System in Human Glomerulonephritis.- The Significance of the Detection of Circulating Immune Complexes in Human Glomerulonephritis.- Immunological Aspects of Renal Vascular Involvement.- The Immunology of Glomerular Nephropathies.- Immunopathology of Tubulo-Interstitial Nephritis in Man and in Experimental Animals..- Monitoring the Allotransplant Recipient.- The Selection and Investigation of Candidates for Renal Transplantation.- The Immunological Basis of the Treatment of Glomerulonephritis.- Treatment of Glomerulonephritis with non Steroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs.- Corticosteroid Therapy in Idiopathic Glomerulonephritis.- Plasmapheresis and Cryopheresis.- New Therapeutic Approach to IgA Mesangial Glomerulonephritis (Berger's Disease).- 2 Medical and Metabolic Aspects of Urolithiasis.- Metabolic and Medical Aspects of Urolithiasis - Introduction.- Epidemiology of Urolithiasis.- Crystallography: An Introduction.- Crystallographic Contributions to the Pathogenesis of Renal Lithiasis.- Crystalluria: A Valuable Parameter in the Study of Urolithiasis.- Urodynamic Investigations in Nephrolithiasis.- Inhibitors and Promoters of Stone Formation.- Renal Stone Inhibitors.- Physiopathology and Diagnosis of Hyperparathyroidism.- Controversies in the Pathophysiology of Calcium Nephrolithiasis.- Definition, Types and Management of Normocalcaemic Hypercalciuria in Renal Lithiasis.- Oxalic Acid Lithiasis and the Hyperoxaluric Syndromes.- Uric Acid Nephrolithiasis - Prevalence Pathogenesis and Results of Conservative Treatment.- Clinical Features and Management of Cystine Nephrolithiasis.- Urinary Lithiasis in Children - A Review of 100 Cases.- Soft renal Calculi (Matrix Stones).- Struvite Staghorn Lithiasis.- Indications for Surgery and Surgical Techniques in Staghorn Calculi.- Urease Inhibitor Therapy in Infected Renal Stones..- Prophylaxis and Metaphylaxis of Urolithiasis.- Long-Term Treatment with Thiazide in the Prevention of Calcium Nephrolithiasis.- Litholysis: In Situ Dissolution of Kidney Stones.- Speakers.
Placenta Growth Factor Is Regulated By Heme-Bound Iron Via Erythroid Krüppel-Like Factor In Erythroid Cells and Is Linked To Iron Status In Vivo In Sickle Cell Disease and Hereditary Hemochromatosis
Authors: Xunde Wang, Laurel G. Mendelsohn, Heather Marie Rogers, Susan F. Leitman, Andrew Perkins, Michael Tallack, James G Taylor, Constance Tom Noguchi, Gregory J. Kato
Journal: Blood (2013)
Abstract 8096: Transplantation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Alters Ion Channel Gene Expression and Mitigates Cardiac Electrophysiological Remodelling in a Rat Model of Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Patrick F.H. Lai, Brian K Panama, Stéphane Massé, Guangming Li, Yaoguang Zhang, Marjan Kusha, John Asta, Talha A Farid, Peter H Backx, Terrence M Yau, Kumaraswamy Nanthakumar
Journal: Circulation (2011)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impacts of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation on electrophysiological remodelling following myocardial infarction (MI). Methods: Three weeks after coronary ligation, 3×10 6 MSCs, or culture medium alone, were directly injected into infarcted Lewis rat hearts. Hearts were excised one to two weeks later, Langendorff-perfused, optically mapped using the potentiometric dye di-4-ANEPPS, and then fixed and sectioned for morphometric and histological analyses. Gene expression was assessed by qRT-PCR. Results: Optical mapping showed that MSC transplantation attenuated the reduction in conduction velocity (CV) and the prolongation of effective refractory period (ERP) in infarcted hearts. These electrophysiological changes correlated with higher vascular density and better-preserved ventricular wall thickness in MSC-treated hearts. A number of ion channel genes showed post-MI changes in expression. In particular, the expression of Kir2.1, which mediates the inward rectifier K + current I K1 , was reduced in MI and partially restored with MSC transplantation. Conclusion: Apart from well-documented benefits such as promoting angiogenesis and limiting adverse structural remodelling, MSC transplantation improves conduction and reduces refractoriness in infarcted hearts. MSCs also partially restore Kir2.1 expression, which would enhance I K1 and contribute to a more negative resting membrane potential, allowing for more Na + channels to open during depolarization and improving CV. As I K1 contributes to repolarization, restoring Kir2.1 expression would also attenuate ERP prolongation. Our experiments showed that MSCs have the capacity to alter cardiac ion channel expression and mitigate adverse electrophysiological remodelling following MI. Thus MSC transplantation may be a potential strategy to prevent post-MI arrhythmias.
Nonfatal Injuries From Off-Road Motorcycle Riding Among Children and Teens—United States, 2001-2004
Authors: J M Conn, JL Annest, Leonard J Paulozzi
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Motorcycle crashes are a substantial public health problem for children and teens. This article reports nonfatal injuries from off-road motorcycle riding among children and teens, in the United States during 2001-2004. During one year (2003), among persons aged younger than 19 years, at least 245 died and an estimated 56,870 were treated in U.S. hospital emergency departments (EDs) for injuries sustained while riding a motorcycle. National surveillance has focused primarily on monitoring and characterizing fatal and nonfatal injuries from motorcycle crashes occurring on public roads. However, during 2003, at least 13 motorcycle riders aged younger than 19 years died in nontraffic incidents in places other than on public roads (data from the National Vital Statistics System). This report focuses on injuries associated with off-road motorcycle riding, an increasingly popular recreational activity among youths. To characterize nonfatal injuries among young, off-road motorcycle riders in the United States, CDC analyzed data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System-All Injury Program (NEISS-AIP) during 2001-2004. Those data indicated that an estimated 23,800 off-road motorcyclists aged younger than 19 years were treated for nonfatal injuries in U.S. hospital EDs each year. The article concludes that programs and policies directed at reducing the number of injuries from off-road motorcycle riding need to be strengthened; requiring minimum ages for off-road motorcycle riding might help prevent such injuries among children and teens. An editorial note appended to the article comments on four limitations of the statistical data presented.
Abstract 245: Economic Evaluation of the Wearable Cardioverter-Defibrillator in Patients After ICD Explantation
Authors: Chingping Wan, Jo Ann Glad, Nicole Bianco, Steven Szymkiewicz
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction Device infection and lead failure are severe complications in implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) recipients. The standard of care includes aggressive antibiotic therapy and in many cases ICD system removal, leaving patients unprotected from sudden cardiac death (SCD). Studies have demonstrated that the wearable cardioverter defibrillator (WCD) is effective in bridging patients while infections are resolved and they can have their devices re-implanted. Hypothesis We sought to evaluate whether WCD is cost-effective in ICD explantation patients. Methods We included all WCD patients whose medical orders indicated an ICD removal. Patients' compliance, shock events, outcomes, and end of use reasons were retrieved from the manufacturer database (ZOLL). Direct and indirect costs other than WCD itself, probabilities of ventricular arrhythmia and mortality were estimated from published articles. The WCD survival rate was calculated as number of saves (remain at home or conscious arrival at the ER) out of the total true shock events. Patients who finished a WCD therapy course were most often re-implanted, with some relying on standard medical therapy only. We used non-WCD patients who utilized the regular emergency medical service (EMS) as the baseline; and computed the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) as the difference in costs divided by the difference in lives saved and life-year gained, respectively, within 5 years. Sensitivity analyses were performed to assess how the two ICERs responded as the values of variables changed. All monetary cost was converted to 2010 dollars at a 3% discount rate. Results A total of 3,021 patients used a WCD after an ICD explantation. The mean length of use was 45.4±58.3 days, with an average daily use of 20.35±5.8 hours (85% of the day, median=21 hours). Among those who had ended use, 56.1% got re-implanted. We estimated the first-month mortality was 2.5 times higher than the subsequent months. The calculated ICERs for WCD were $105,869 per life saved and $27,493 per life-year gained. Sensitivity analysis revealed that the ratios were not sensitive to the percentage of re-implantation. Conclusions The use of WCD is highly cost-effective in protecting ICD explantation patients against SCD.
Abstract 3726: Right Ventricular Microcirculatory Changes in Pulmonary Hypertension-Associated Right Heart Failure Imaged by Three-Dimensional Confocal Microscopy
Authors: Harm J Bogaard, Scott C Henderson, Ramesh Natarajan, Donatas Kraskauskas, Norbert F Voelkel
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: Right ventricular (RV) ischemia occurs in pulmonary hypertension (PH) patients despite normal coronary angiograms. O 2 supply-demand balance in the pressure-overloaded RV is determined by the interplay between reduced coronary perfusion (due to systemic hypotension and compression of coronary vessels) and a wall stress-related increase in myocardial O 2 consumption. The role of capillary rarefaction, which is involved in pressure overload induced left heart failure, has not been investigated in PH-associated RV failure. Methods: Rats received a single dose of the VEGF receptor blocker SU5416 and were exposed to 4 wks of normobaric hypoxia and 2 wks of sea level room air. This regimen induces angioproliferative changes in the pulmonary circulation, severe PH and RV failure. At 6 wks, the rats received intravital injections of Texas-Red conjugated tomato lectin, which is an N-acetylglucosamine specific marker of blood vessels in rodents. After circulation of the lectin for 5 min, papaverin was injected to promote maximal vasodilation of all perfused blood vessels. Animals were exsanguinated and perfusion-fixed with paraformaldehyde. After overnight fixation, 300 μm thick transverse sections of the myocardium were bleached in a methanol/DMSO mixture and nuclei were stained using DAPI. Prior to 3-dimensional imaging under a confocal microscope, further tissue clearing was achieved using organic solvents. Results: Z-stacks of 2-dimensional images were made in whole-mount cardiac specimens, using a step size of 0.32 μm. 3-dimensional reconstruction allowed quantification of the total capillary volume, which was reduced in the PH model compared to controls (2.9±1% vs. 5.7±1% of tissue volume, p&lt;0.05). The reconstructions showed a remarkable increased morphological heterogeneity of the capillaries in the failing RV. In contrast, images of the LV microcirculation in the SU5416 treated animals were not different from those of controls. Conclusions: RV failure in experimental PH is associated with capillary rarefaction. 3-dimensional imaging of the myocardial microcirculation can be achieved using intravital injections of tomato lectin and subsequent confocal imaging.
Aromatase inhibitors and metastatic breast cancer survival
Authors: C. Abrial, M. Leheurteur, A. Cabrespine, M.-A. Mouret-Reynier, X. Durando, J.-P. Ferrière, F. Kwiatkowski, F. Penault-Llorca, H. Curé, P. Chollet
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

767 Background: Breast cancer, the most common feminine cancer, once metastatic, is incurable in most cases. While multiple treatments with various chemotherapy combinations and hormonotherapies are available, responses last only a few months and the median survival is still approximately 2 years. As the newer aromatase inhibitors (letrozole, anastrozole and exemestane) are active as metastatic or adjuvant treatment, we planned to assess their impact on the survival of metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients. The present study was drawn from patients included in any therapeutic clinical trial: a group of 857 patients treated in our institution from may 1973 to october 2003. Methods: According to the treatment given for metastasis disease, three groups have been constituted: group 1 had received tamoxifen, group 2 received aromatase inhibitors and group 3 tamoxifen then aromatase inhibitors among other treatments. The overall survival was evaluated in the overall population and in the three groups. Results: The median overall survival on the whole patients’ population was 25 months. There was only a unsignificant survival advantage for patients treated in 10 years classes from 1973 to 2003. Patients treated with hormonotherapy survived significantly longer than patients receiving only chemotherapy (p=10-7). This survival effect was more important than the survival effect RH+ versus RH- (p=1.3.10-2). According to hormonotherapy, the median overall survival in groups 1, 2 and 3 was respectively 28, 36 and 56 months (p=4.10-4). Conclusions: In terms of survival, hormonotherapy remains an important determinant for the patients. It seems that the combination << tamoxifen then aromatase inhibitors >> favoured a better improvement of the survival than aromatase inhibitors alone, which was itself better than tamoxifen. The sequential effect << tamoxifen then aromatase inhibitors >>, evidenced by recent results in adjuvant hormonotherapy (Goss et al 2003, Coombes et al 2004, Buzdar 2004), constitutes an interesting concept for the future. Why would a sequential effect existing in adjuvant treatment not could be an equally valuable concept in metastasis treatment? This could be verified with prospective trials. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Pharmacological intervention of HIV-1 maturation
Authors: Dan Wang, Wuxun Lu, Feng Li
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2015)

Despite significant advances in antiretroviral therapy, increasing drug resistance and toxicities observed among many of the current approved human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) drugs indicate a need for discovery and development of potent and safe antivirals with a novel mechanism of action. Maturation inhibitors (MIs) represent one such new class of HIV therapies. MIs inhibit a late step in the HIV-1 Gag processing cascade, causing defective core condensation and the release of non-infectious virus particles from infected cells, thus blocking the spread of the infection to new cells. Clinical proof-of-concept for the MIs was established with betulinic acid derived bevirimat, the prototype HIV-1 MI. Despite the discontinuation of its further clinical development in 2010 due to a lack of uniform patient response caused by naturally occurring drug resistance Gag polymorphisms, several second-generation MIs with improved activity against viruses exhibiting Gag polymorphism mediated resistance have been recently discovered and are under clinical evaluation in HIV/AID patients. In this review, current understanding of HIV-1 MIs is described and recent progress made toward elucidating the mechanism of action, target identification and development of second-generation MIs is reviewed.
Medical and Surgical Report of the Children's Hospital, 1869-1894
Authors: Thomas Morgan Rotch
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Increased Intracranial Pressure in Children.
Authors: W E Bell, W F McCormick
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

This is the latest in the highly successful series Major Problems in Clinical Pediatrics, begun in 1964 under the editorship of A. J. Schaffer. Many of these monographs have come to be recognized as outstanding works in the field of pediatrics. As this work is the first of this series to cover clinical pediatric neurology, the title is rather deceptive. It is only after reading the monograph that one realizes the scope of this well-written book. It is actually a survey of the numerous neurological and neurosurgical topics seen in pediatrics, discussed in light of the most recent thoughts, modes of investigation, and treatment. The book is divided into three parts: (a) increased intracranial pressure, (b) causes of increased intracranial pressure, and (c) intracranial tumors in childhood. Due to the limited number of pages allotted to this work, the discussion of cerebral trauma, abscess, tumor, and hydrocephalus is necessarily brief. The longest section of this work is devoted to neoplasms, a subject which is condensed into 100 pages. Developmental abnormalities of the skull, meninges, and brain, which may cause increased intracranial pressure, are only partly surveyed under hydrocephalus. In spite of the brevity of each section, the authors have managed to provide a well-written discussion under t~e headings of pathogenesis, clinical, laboratory, and pathological findings in addition to management. They have added both historical as well as the most recent thoughts in these sections, with reference to different workers. There is an excellent reference list after each chapter which will enable readers to pursue each subject in greater detail. . The numerous illustrations also add to the attractiveness and usefulness of this book. Out of 260 pages, there are 91 radiographs, 72 photographs, and photomicrographs ~f the pathological specimens, as well as 50 photo¥raphs of children with specific clinical conditions, most of which are excellently reproduced. Many of the radio~aphs correspo~d to pho~o­ graphs of gross pathological specimens, enhancI~g the bnef description of the radiographic findings in the different conditions. This book is recommended to general radiologists for its succinct, interesting, and excellent coverage of the different conditions which may be encountered in infants and children with increased intracranial pressure. After reading this book, a radiologist should have a better insight of the many conditions to be considered in analyzing and interpreting the radiographic findings shown in the skull and brain.