tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abdominal Pain. Its Causes and Clinical Significance.
Authors: A. Ernest Maylard
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Genetics of Melanomas in Fishes V. The Reappearance of Ancestral Micromelanophores in Offspring of Parents Lacking These Cells
Authors: Myron Gordon
Journal: Cancer Research (1941)

In previous papers in this series (5, 8, I3) it has been shown that spontaneous malignant melanomas are produced in the hybrid offspring of the black-spotted platyfish, Platypoecilus maculatus, and the swordtail, Xiphophorus hdlerii. The melanomas are evoked genetically in hybrids by the interaction of the sexlinked, heritable factor for macromelanophores, Sp, of the platyfish with a series of Sp modifiers, d and B, of the swordtail. These melanomas may be said to be produced experimentally because the platyfish and the swordtail probably do not crossbreed under natural conditions in Mexico. The author ( io) has collected nearly Io,ooo specimens of these two species in their native habitat without finding a single natural hybrid, despite the fact that both species were often found living side by side.
Different responses of circulating endothelial progenitor cells and VEGF-plasma concentrations to low-dose metronomic and conventional chemotherapy
Authors: T. Trefzer, S. Stoelting, A. Lemke, J. Kisro, A. Steinke, S. O. Peters, T. Wagner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

14053 Background: Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) may participate in tumor angiogenesis by providing cellular supply. This is a study that compares the effects of two conventional combination chemotherapy schedules to low-dose metronomic trofosfamide (an oral derivate of cyclophosphamide), using the number of circulating EPCs and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plasma levels in cancer patients. Methods: We measured circulating EPC and VEGF levels in 24 patients that received conventional chemotherapy for either breast cancer in an adjuvant setting or malignant lymphoma, and in 18 patients receiving metronomic chemotherapy with or without celecoxib for advanced cancer. Blood samples were obtained three times: before starting chemotherapy, 10 and 21 days after starting chemotherapy. Peripheral blood EPC levels were determined by fluorescence flow cytometry and defined by CD34- and VEGF-R2-positivity. VEGF plasma concentration was determined by ELISA. Results: The number of circulating EPCs showed a two-fold increase 21 days after conventional chemotherapy but a significant decrease under metronomic chemotherapy. VEGF-plasma-concentrations remained stable in patients under metronomic chemotherapy but significantly increased under conventional chemotherapy.This increase in VEGF plasma levels occurred even in patients that received chemotherapy in an adjuvant setting in supposed absence of tumor. Conclusions: Low-dose metronomic trofosfamide significantly decreased circulating EPCs while conventional chemotherapy increased both the number of circulating EPC and VEGF-concentrations. The increase of VEGF even in an adjuvant setting of chemotherapy without the presence of a tumor may be caused by chemotherapy-induced endothelial cell destruction. Metronomic scheduling of certain cytotoxic drugs may thus prevent tumor progression by inhibiting both tumor cell proliferation and angiogenesis. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Ongoing rubella outbreak among adolescents in Salaj, Romania, September 2011–January 2012
Authors: D Janta, A Stanescu, E Lupulescu, G Molnar, A Pistol
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2012)

A rubella outbreak has been ongoing in Salaj, Romania since September 2011 involving 1,840 probable and confirmed cases among mainly unvaccinated adolescents. The index case had onset of illness on 6 September 2011. The highest number of cases was recorded among 10–14-year-olds and 15–19-year-olds. Complications were recorded for 11 cases and included meningitis and arthritis. Although the peak has passed, surveillance is being maintained in the region.
Report on Encephalitis Lethargica. Being an account of further enquiries into the epidemiology and clinical features of the disease; including an analysis of over 1,250 reports on cases notified in England and Wales during 1919 and 1920, together with a comprehensive bibliography of the subject.
Authors: Allan C. Parsons, MacNalty, Arthur Salusbury, Sir, J. R. Perdrau
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 17186: Genetic Deletion of Circadian Clock Gene Reduces the Extent of Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Shashi Bhushan, Benjamin L Predmore, Madhav Lavu, R D Rudic, David J Lefer
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: The importance of circadian clock is well known in cardiovascular health and disease. Circadian clocks are transcriptionally based molecular mechanisms that regulate cellular function during the course of the day. Previous studies have demonstrated that circadian clock genes contribute to daily changes in heart rate and blood pressure. In the present study we investigated the effects of genetic deficiency of the Clock gene on the severity of myocardial ischemia-reperfuson (MI-R) injury. Methods: Wild-type (WT) and Clock knockout (KO) mice (24-27 weeks) were utilized for the study. 2-D echocardiography was performed at baseline to assess heart rate (HR) and left ventricular (LV) function for both Clock KO and WT mice. Mice (n=9-13) were subjected to 45 min of myocardial ischemia (MI) induced by left coronary artery occlusion and 24 hrs of R in vivo. LV area-at-risk (AAR) and infarct (INF) size were determined with Evan's blue dye and 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. Results: We failed to observe any differences in HR between the WT (491±18 BPM) and Clock KO (471±15 BPM) mice (p=NS). In addition, LV ejection fraction was similar in WT (63 ± 2%) and Clock KO (63 ± 2%) mice (p=NS). However, we did observe a significant reduction in myocardial infarct size with respect to area-at-risk of Clock KO mice compared to (WT) mice (25.5 ± 3% vs. 41.8± 6%, respectively, p &lt; 0.01). Conclusions: While additional studies are required to define the precise cellular and molecular signals that are influenced by the circadian clock at the time of MI-R injury, these studies suggest that Clock does exert a significant influence in the onset of pathology during myocardial infarction.
Minimally Invasive Lung Surgery: Preliminary Results
Authors: W. Wayand, R. Woisetschläger, R. Rieger
Journal: Endoscopy (1995)

From June 1991 to April 1992 we carried out wedge resections of the lung with a minimally invasive technique in 15 patients. The indications were spontaneous pneumothorax in six cases, tumors in five, and systemic diseases in four. In every case the pathological lesion diagnosed preoperatively by X-ray and computed tomography was dealt with without complications. The minimally invasive atypical pulmonary resection is a relatively atraumatic method for peripherally situated pulmonary lesions.
Efficacy of low-dose capecitabine in metastatic breast cancer.
Authors: Caitlin Bertelsen, Lingyun Ji, Christy Ann Russell, Darcy V. Spicer, Agustin Garcia, Richard Sposto, Debu Tripathy
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

1065 Background: The FDA-approved dose of capecitabine (cape) of 1250mg/m 2 twice daily (BID) is associated with treatment-limiting toxicities. Published reports suggest that lower starting doses of cape can be as effective as the approved dose in treating metastatic breast cancer (MBC). We compared the efficacy of lower than previously published doses of cape with results of registrational Phase III trials using the approved dose. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of patients treated at the University of Southern California hospitals who received cape as the first, second, or third line of chemotherapy for MBC to determine the progression-free survival (PFS) associated with low starting doses. The primary endpoint was PFS among patients with measurable disease, and secondary aims were to analyze the relationships between PFS and various clinical characteristics for all patients. Results: Patients (n=84) received a median cape dose of 565 mg/m 2 BID, often administered as a flat dose (not adjusted for body surface area) of 1000 mg BID. Median PFS among patients with measurable disease (n=62) was 4.1 months (95% confidence interval or CI = 2.9-5.7), which was similar to the median PFS values of 4.4 months (95% CI = 4.14-5.42, n=480) (Sparano et al. JCO 2010;28:3256) and 4.2 months (95% CI = 3.81-4.50, n=377) (Thomas et al. JCO 2008;25:5210) for single-agent cape reported in the major trials with similar eligibility criteria. Among all patients, PFS was shorter in measurable disease, triple negative and HER2+ subtypes, and was similar in all lines of therapy. Only two patients (2.4%) discontinued cape due to toxicity. Conclusions: These data support the efficacy of very low doses of cape for MBC. Prospective randomized controlled trials testing lower starting doses of cape are needed to optimize the benefit/risk ratio. [Table: see text]
Abstract 17961: Endocardial Defibrillation is Associated with Transient Wall Motion Abnormalities and Significant Pathology Findings in the Domestic Pig
Authors: Raul Torres-Heisecke, Mary Wight-Carter, Matthew Riegel, Jose Joglar
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD) improve overall survival in systolic heart failure human patients. However, ICD therapy by means of defibrillation is associated with a slightly higher mortality risk (for appropriate and inappropriate therapies). With the aim to define objective wall motion and histological changes associated with defibrillation and create a working model for future research and to determine parameters for safe defibrillation, we conducted the following study. Methods: To isolate the effects of defibrillation, five healthy domestic pigs (Sus scrofa) with average weight 155 lbs successfully received an ICD system, with pulse generator implanted in the left suprathoracic area and a 7Fr. dual coil right ventricular endocardial lead. Testing was conducted in sinus rhythm and under general anesthesia. With a B-&gt;AX vector, two subjects got one ”single” 35 J biphasic shock, two got ten 35 J biphasic shocks (“storm”) as fast as the capacitors were able to charge and deliver therapy and one subject was used as control. The subjects underwent transthoracic echocardiography to assess wall motion before, after and one week later prior to euthanasia. An autopsy was performed at that time. Results: Septal wall motion abnormalities were noted in all subjects after defibrillation with complete resolution within 15 minutes. Autopsy showed no macroscopic changes one week after testing. The right ventricles that received therapy showed multiple islands of hypereosinophilic and vacuolated degenerate myofibers that were transmural and adjacent to each other. Left ventricles showed some scattered hypereosinophillic degenerate myofibers. Control subject showed rare hypereosinophillic degenerate myofibers. Conclusions: Endocardial defibrillation is associated with reversible short term post therapy delivery changes in local wall motion and significant histopathological changes related to scarring and degeneration in both ventricles one week after therapy delivery in the domestic pig. Further studies are needed to assess the potential relationship of these findings with clinical outcomes and to determine thresholds for myocardial damage.
The Normal Chest of the Adult and the Child, Including Applied Anatomy, Applied Physiology, X-Ray and Physical Findings.
Authors: J. Arthur Myers, S. Marx White, Elias P. Lyon
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Efficacy and Safety of the RTS,S/AS01 Malaria Vaccine during 18 Months after Vaccination: A Phase 3 Randomized, Controlled Trial in Children and Young Infants at 11 African Sites
Authors: B Greenwood
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2014)

Background A malaria vaccine could be an important addition to current control strategies. We report the safety and vaccine efficacy (VE) of the RTS,S/AS01 vaccine during 18 mo following vaccination at 11 African sites with varying malaria transmission. Methods and Findings 6,537 infants aged 6–12 wk and 8,923 children aged 5–17 mo were randomized to receive three doses of RTS,S/AS01 or comparator vaccine. VE against clinical malaria in children during the 18 mo after vaccine dose 3 (per protocol) was 46% (95% CI 42% to 50%) (range 40% to 77%; VE, p<0.01 across all sites). VE during the 20 mo after vaccine dose 1 (intention to treat [ITT]) was 45% (95% CI 41% to 49%). VE against severe malaria, malaria hospitalization, and all-cause hospitalization was 34% (95% CI 15% to 48%), 41% (95% CI 30% to 50%), and 19% (95% CI 11% to 27%), respectively (ITT). VE against clinical malaria in infants was 27% (95% CI 20% to 32%, per protocol; 27% [95% CI 21% to 33%], ITT), with no significant protection against severe malaria, malaria hospitalization, or all-cause hospitalization. Post-vaccination anti-circumsporozoite antibody geometric mean titer varied from 348 to 787 EU/ml across sites in children and from 117 to 335 EU/ml in infants (per protocol). VE waned over time in both age categories (Schoenfeld residuals p<0.001). The number of clinical and severe malaria cases averted per 1,000 children vaccinated ranged across sites from 37 to 2,365 and from −1 to 49, respectively; corresponding ranges among infants were −10 to 1,402 and −13 to 37, respectively (ITT). Meningitis was reported as a serious adverse event in 16/5,949 and 1/2,974 children and in 9/4,358 and 3/2,179 infants in the RTS,S/AS01 and control groups, respectively. Conclusions RTS,S/AS01 prevented many cases of clinical and severe malaria over the 18 mo after vaccine dose 3, with the highest impact in areas with the greatest malaria incidence. VE was higher in children than in infants, but even at modest levels of VE, the number of malaria cases averted was substantial. RTS,S/AS01 could be an important addition to current malaria control in Africa. Trial registration www.ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00866619 Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary
Treatment Results In Acute Myeloid Leukemia Over a Time Period Of 20 Years: Analysis Of The German-Austrian Acute Myeloid Leukemia Study Group (AMLSG)
Authors: Richard F. Schlenk, Konstanze Döhner, Michael Heuser, Daniela Späth, Carina Morlok, Alexander Lamparter, Klaus-Henning Koehne, Heinz-August Horst, Peter Brossart, Gerhard Held, Andrea Kündgen, Mark Ringhoffer, Mohammed Wattad, Helmut R. Salih, Katharina S. Goetze, Gerald Wulf, Matthias Theobald, Mathias J. Rummel, Walter Fiedler, Jörg Westermann, Hans Salwender, Andreas L. Petzer, Frank Hartmann, Michael Lübbert, Uwe M. Martens, Richard Greil, Hartmut Kirchner, Peter Paschka, Verena I. Gaidzik, Sabine Kayser, Veronica Teleanu, Felicitas Thol, Gudrun Göhring, Arnold Ganser, Hartmut Döhner
Journal: Blood (2013)
Abstract 3555: Increased Fatness and Reduced Fitness are Associated with Aortic Stiffness in Persons with Type 2 Diabetes and Hypertension
Authors: Kerry J Stewart, Brian H George, Kristina Potrekus, Anita C Bacher, Harry A Silber, Nae-Yuh Wang, Edward P Shapiro, Pamela Ouyang
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Large artery stiffness, thought to be a marker of cardiovascular disease, is accelerated in persons with diabetes and hypertension. While reduced fatness and increased fitness are associated with lower BP, we tested the hypothesis that increased fatness and reduced fitness are each independently associated with greater aortic stiffness. Methods: Sedentary subjects (M=60; F=29), mean (SD) age 57.1 (5.8) years, were examined at baseline as part of an exercise training study to reduce BP in persons with type 2 diabetes. Subjects were taking their usual medical therapy. For BP eligibility, subjects were required to have SBP between 120–159 and/or DBP between 80–99 mm Hg during 2 consecutive weekly visits. BP was the mean of the screening visits and a visit after qualification for the study. Aortic stiffness was assessed by carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), using ultrasound probes simultaneously at each of these sites. General fatness was assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and expressed as percent body fat. Abdominal fatness was assessed by magnetic resonance imaging at the level of the umbilicus and the areas for total, subcutaneous, and visceral fat were measured. Maximal oxygen uptake was obtained on a treadmill. The associations of PWV with BP, oxygen uptake, and abdominal fat were determined by stepwise regression analysis with adjustment for age and gender. Results: PWV was 922.9 (300.0) msec, SBP was 126.9 (13.2) mm Hg, DBP was 71.8 (8.8) mm Hg, pulse pressure (PP) was 55.0 (10.4) mm Hg, percent body fat was 35.0 (6.5) %, and maximal oxygen uptake was 21.7 (5.0) ml/kg/min. In the final model, the variance in PWV was accounted for by increased PP, 8.9%; increased abdominal visceral fat accounted for an additional 6.2%; increased percent body fat, an additional 3%; and decreased maximal oxygen uptake, an additional 5.6%. Conclusions: These data bring to light an independent relationship of aortic stiffness with increased fatness and reduced fitness. Though further work is needed to elucidate the mechanisms linking aortic stiffness, fatness, and fitness, these findings support the need for a therapeutic approach for reducing aortic stiffness that considers the potential benefits of weight reduction and exercise.
Accountability and Quality Assurance in Health Care.
Authors: Jack Greenspan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

1. Kaizen in the Classroom: Becoming a World-Class Teacher. 2. First Class: Setting Up a Winning Program. 3. Setting the Stage: Creating a Learning Environment. 4. Keeping the Spark Alive: Motivating the Adult Learner. 5. Education or Training. 6. The Blueprint: Creating the Basic Lesson Plan. 7. Polishing the Stone: Advanced Lesson Planning. 8. The Power of the Pulpit: Lecturing as a Performing Art. 9. Variety Is the Key: Twentieth-Century Educational media. 10. Star Wars: Twenty-first century Educational Media. 11. Making the Grade: Evaluating You and Your Students. 12. Teaching. Appendices. Bibliography. Index.
Abstract 1455: Aortic Calpain-1 Increases with Aging, Activates Matrix Metalloproteinase II, and Promotes Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Migration
Authors: Li-Qun Jiang, Mingyi Wang, Jing Zhang, Gaia Spinetti, Robert E Monticone, Gianfranco Pintus, Edward G Lakatta
Journal: Circulation (2006)
Abnormally Small BCR-ABL Transcripts in CML Patients before and during Imatinib Treatment.
Authors: Jamshid S. Khorashad, Jeffrey H. Lipton, David Marin, Dragana Milojkovic, Nicholas C.P. Cross, Nicholas Dibb, Junia V. Melo, Suzanne Kamel-Reid, John M. Goldman, Jane F. Apperley, Jaspal S. Kaeda
Journal: Blood (2006)