tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Impact of major hepatectomy on recurrence after resection of hepatocellular carcinoma at CNLC Ib stage: a propensity score matching study
Authors: Kunyuan Jiang, Jingfei Li, Zihao Liu, Miao Chen, Wei Cai, Lianxin Liu, Dalong Yin
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

Objective: Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who undergo curative hepatectomy may experience varying remnant liver volumes. Our study aimed to evaluate whether the extent of liver resection has an effect on postoperative recurrence in HCC patients at China Liver Cancer Staging (CNLC) Ib stage. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 197 patients who underwent hepatectomy for a solitary HCC lesion measuring ≥5 cm (CNLC Ιb stage) between January 2019 and June 2022. Patients were divided into major hepatectomy (MAH) group (n=70) and minor hepatectomy (MIH) group (n=127) based on the extent of liver resection. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) was compared between the two groups. Propensity score matching (PSM) was employed to minimize bias in the retrospective analysis. Results: Patients who underwent MAH had a greater total complication rate than did those who underwent MIH (35.7% vs. 11.8%, P &lt;0.001). The median RFS was 14.6 months (95% CI: 11.1-18.1) for MAH group and 24.1 months (95% CI 21.2-27.1) for MIH group ( P &lt;0.001). After PSM, patients who underwent MAH still had a greater total complication rate than those who underwent MIH (36.7% vs. 16.3%, P =0.037). The median RFS was 13.2 months (95% CI: 15.1-21.7) for MAH group and 22.3 months (95% CI 18.1-26.5) for MIH group ( P =0.0013). The Cox regression model identified MAH as an independent poor predictor for HCC recurrence (hazard ratios of 1.826 and 2.062 before and after PSM, respectively; both P &lt;0.05). Conclusion: MIH can be performed with fewer postoperative complications and contributes to improved RFS in patients with HCC at CNLC Ιb stage compared to MAH. Parenchyma-sparing resection should be considered the first choice for these HCCs.
Safety and efficacy of intrawound vancomycin powder in the prevention of lumbar surgical site infection: A prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled study
Authors: Bo Han, Hongyi Lu, Aixing Pan, Li Guan, Fengqi Cheng, Mingzheng Zhao, Shuilian Chu, Yong Hai, Yuzeng Liu
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

Background: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of intra-wound vancomycin powder in reducing surgical site infections (SSIs) after spine surgery. Design: A prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled study. Participants: Patients who underwent posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) surgery from May 2021 to September 2022. Methods: Patients who underwent posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) surgery between May 2021 and September 2022 were included. Participants were randomized to the vancomycin treatment or control groups using block randomization (block size 4). Except for baseline and surgical data, the plasma levels of white blood cells, C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and serum vancomycin concentration in the groups were analyzed on postoperative days (PODs) 1, 3, and 5. Vancomycin concentration was measured daily until the drainage tubes were removed. The primary outcomes were the 90-day vancomycin-related adverse reactions and SSI rates. Secondary outcomes were perioperative hematological parameters and vancomycin serum (drain) concentrations. Results: A total of 156 participants (78 each in each group) were analyzed by an independent researcher. The follow-up rate was 91%. All participants were followed up for at least 90 days. The 90-day SSI rate in the vancomycin group was 1.3% (1/78), comprising one case of superficial infection. The SSI rate in the control group was 10.3% (8/78), comprising seven cases of superficial infection and one case of deep infection. Compared with that in the control group, the SSI rate in the vancomycin group was decreased by 87.5%, with a statistically significant difference (RR=0.125, 95% CI=0.016–0.976). Additionally, the vancomycin group demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in serum ESR on POD 3 ( P =0.039) and CRP on POD 5 ( P =0.024) compared to the control group. The local plasma concentration of vancomycin remained elevated for at least 4 days postoperatively, while the serum concentration of vancomycin remined low. Vancomycin-associated adverse reactions were not observed. Conclusion: Intra-wound application of vancomycin powder is a safe and effective procedure for reducing the risk of SSI during PLIF surgery.
Comparison of efficacy and safety between robotic-assisted versus laparoscopic surgery for locally advanced mid-low rectal cancer following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Xin-Mao Zhu, Xiao Bai, Hai-Qi Wang, Dong-Qiu Dai
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

Background: To some extent, robotic technique does offer certain benefits in rectal cancer surgery than laparoscopic one, while remains a topic of ongoing debate for rectal cancer patients who had undergone neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT). Methods: Potential studies published until January 2024 were obtained from Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase and PubMed. Dichotomous and continuous variables were expressed as odds ratios (ORs) and weighted mean differences (WMDs) with 95% their confidence intervals (CIs), respectively. A random effects model was used if I 2 statistic &gt;50%, otherwise a fixed effects model. Results: Eleven studies involving 1079 patients were analyzed. The robotic-assisted group had an 0.4 cm shorter distance from anal verge (95% CI: −0.680 to −0.114, P =0.006) and 1.94 times higher complete total mesorectal excision (TME) rate (OR=1.936, 95% CI: 1.061 to 3.532, P =0.031). However, the operation time in the robotic-assisted group was 54 minutes longer (95% CI: 20.489 to 87.037, P =0.002) than laparoscopic group. In addition, the robotic-assisted group had a lower open conversion rate (OR=0.324, 95% CI: 0.129 to 0.816, P =0.017) and a shorter length of hospital stay (WMD=−1.127, 95% CI: −2.071 to −0.184, P =0.019). Conclusion: Robot-assisted surgery offered several advantages over laparoscopic surgery for locally advanced mid-low rectal cancer following NCRT in terms of resection of lower tumours with improved TME completeness, lower open conversion rate and shorter hospital stay, despite longer operative time.
Prognostic factors of extracorporeal shockwave therapy in the treatment of nonunion in long bones: a retrospective study
Authors: Kuan-Ting Wu, Jai-Hong Cheng, Shun-Wun Jhan, Po-Cheng Chen, Ching-Jen Wang, Wen-Yi Chou
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

Background: Nonunion of long bone fractures is a significant complication following surgical fixation, with an incidence ranging from 5 to 10%. Surgical intervention is the standard treatment for nonunions, but it may come with potential complications. Nonoperative approaches, such as Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy (ESWT), have been advocated as alternatives. Methods: In the retrospective study conducted between January 2004 and January 2018, 91 patients who underwent ESWT for tibia or femur nonunions were included. Nonunion was defined based on radiographic criteria and clinical symptoms. The nonunion morphology was categorized as hypertrophic, oligotrophic, or atrophic. ESWT was administered using the OssaTron device in a single treatment session. Bony union was defined as the presence of a bridging callus over the fracture site with more than three-fourths of the circumference in both planes within the 12-month postoperative period. Results: The study included 91 patients, with an overall union rate of 62.6%. A higher healing rate was observed in trophic nonunion(69.9%) than in atrophic nonunion(33.3%). Multivariate analysis identified the number of surgeries, maximum fracture gap, and atrophic nonunion as independent factors influencing the risk of fracture nonunion after ESWT. The receiver operating characteristic curves were generated for these factors, providing more than one surgical intervention, and fracture gap greater than 3.94 mm as negative predictors of ESWT for long bone nonunions. Conclusion: The study’s primary findings suggest that ESWT is effective in achieving bony union for nonunions in long bones(62.6%). Despite the overall positive results, the study highlights that atrophic nonunions, larger fracture gaps of more than 3.94 mm, and multiple surgeries are associated with poorer outcomes.
Global, regional, and national burdens of mild traumatic brain injuries from 1990-2019: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 – a cross-sectional study
Authors: Liang Wu, Yunfei Li, Meng Sun, Pengpeng Ye, Zhaofeng Zhang, Weiming Liu
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

Background: The objective of this study was to utilize data from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2019 to estimate the patterns and prevalence of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) from 1990 to 2019, with the intention of informing the development of efficacious intervention strategies. Material and Methods: Data from the GBD 2019 were examined to determine the prevalence, incidence, and rates of years lived with disability (YLDs) associated with mTBI across global geographic populations from 1990 to 2019. To assess temporal patterns, estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) and age-standardized rates were computed. Additionally, an age-period-cohort model (APC model) framework was employed to analyze potential trends in incidence based on age, period, and birth cohort. Results: In 2019, there were a total of 12,268.5 thousand incident cases (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 992.66 to 1,602.07), 11,482.5 thousand prevalent cases (95% UI 107.59 to 123.52), and 1,366.9 thousand YLDs (95% UI 96.36 to 183.35) of mTBI worldwide. The age-standardized rates (ASRs) of incidence, prevalence, and YLDs exhibited a decline from 1990 to 2019. Across all age groups, males had higher prevalence, incidence and YLDs rates. Furthermore, middle-aged and elderly adults experienced a greater disease burden. The primary causes of the global mTBI burden in 2019 were falls and road injuries. According to the APC model, the age effect trend exhibited a similar pattern across individual sociodemographic index (SDI) groups, characterized by an initial increase, followed by a decrease and a subsequent increase. Regarding the period effect, each SDI group demonstrated variation, with the middle SDI group notably displaying a consistent increase. Furthermore, in terms of the birth effect, the middle-SDI group experienced the most substantial and continuous increase. Conclusion: The global incident cases and prevalent cases of mTBI increased significantly from 1990 to 2019, with a heavier burden observed in males, older adults, and in low SDI such as Afghanistan. More efforts are needed in the prevention and management of mTBI, such as reducing the incidence of falls among older people and building safer road transport facilities to reduce the burden of mTBI.
Mapping the blueprint of artificial blood vessels research: a bibliometric analysis of publications in the 21st century
Authors: Dikang Pan, Jingyu Wang, Hui Wang, Sensen Wu, Jianming Guo, Lianrui Guo, Li Sun, Yongquan Gu
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

Background: Vascular diseases represent a significant causes of disability and death worldwide. The demand for artificial blood vessels is increasing due to the scarce supply of healthy autologous vessels. Nevertheless, the literature in this area remains sparse and inconclusive. Methods: Bibliometrics is the study of quantitative analysis of publications and their patterns. This study conducts a bibliometric analysis of publications on artificial blood vessels in the 21st century, examining performance distribution, research trajectories, the evolution of research hotspots, and the exploration of the knowledge base. This approach provides comprehensive insights into the knowledge structure of the field. Results: The search retrieved 2,060 articles, showing a consistent rise in the publication volume and average annual citation frequency related to artificial blood vessels research. The United States is at the forefront of high-quality publications and international collaborations. Among academic institutions, Yale University is a leading contributor. The dominant disciplines within the artificial blood vessels sector include engineering, biomedical sciences, materials science, biomaterials science, and surgery, with surgery experiencing the most rapid expansion. Conclusions: This study is the inaugural effort to bibliometric analyze and visualize the scholarly output in the artificial blood vessels domain. It provides clinicians and researchers with a reliable synopsis of the field’s current state, offering a reference point for existing research and suggesting new avenues for future investigations.
Angiotensin II–Type-1a Receptor and Renal K+ Wasting during Overnight Low-Na+ Intake
Authors: Xin-Peng Duan, Jun-Ya Zheng, Yu Xiao, Cheng-Biao Zhang, Dao-Hong Lin, Wen-Hui Wang
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2024)

Key Points Angiotensin II–type-1a-receptor in the distal convoluted tubule (DCT) plays a role in regulating sodium transport in the DCT. Angiotensin II–type-1a-receptor in the DCT plays a role in maintaining potassium homeostasis during sodium restriction. Background Chronic angiotensin II perfusion stimulates Kir4.1/Kir5.1 of the distal convoluted tubule (DCT) via angiotensin II–type-1a-receptor (AT1aR), and low‐sodium intake also stimulates Kir4.1/Kir5.1. However, the role of AT1aR in mediating the effect of low salt on Kir4.1/Kir5.1 is not explored. Methods We used the patch-clamp technique to examine Kir4.1/Kir5.1 activity of the DCT, employed immunoblotting to examine Na-Cl cotransporter (NCC) expression/activity, and used the in vivo perfusion technique to measure renal Na + and renal K + excretion in control, kidney tubule–specific–AT1aR-knockout mice (Ks-AT1aR-KO) and DCT-specific–AT1aR-knockout mice (DCT-AT1aR-KO). Results Angiotensin II acutely stimulated the 40-pS-K + channel (Kir4.1/Kir5.1-heterotetramer) and increased whole-cell Kir4.1/Kir5.1-mediated K + currents and the negativity of DCT membrane potential only in late DCT2 but not in early DCT. Acute angiotensin II increased thiazide-induced renal Na + excretion (E Na ). The effect of angiotensin II on Kir4.1/Kir5.1 and hydrochlorothiazide-induced E Na was absent in Ks-AT1aR-KO mice. Overnight low-salt intake stimulated the expression of Agtr1a mRNA in DCT, increased whole-cell Kir4.1/Kir5.1-mediated K + currents in late DCT, hyperpolarized late DCT membrane, augmented the expression of phosphor-Na-Cl-cotransporter, and enhanced thiazide-induced renal-E Na in the control mice. However, the effect of overnight low-salt intake on Kir4.1/Kir5.1 activity, DCT membrane potential, and NCC activity/expression was abolished in DCT-AT1aR-KO or Ks-AT1aR-KO mice. Overnight low-salt intake had no effect on baseline renal K + excretion (E K ) and plasma K + concentrations in the control mice, but it increased baseline renal-E K and decreased plasma K + concentrations in DCT-AT1aR-KO or in Ks-AT1aR-KO mice. Conclusions Acute angiotensin II or overnight low-salt intake stimulated Kir4.1/Kir5.1 in late DCT, and AT1aR was responsible for acute angiotensin II or overnight low-salt intake–induced stimulation of Kir4.1/Kir5.1 and NCC. AT1aR of the DCT plays a role in maintaining adequate baseline renal-E K and plasma K + concentrations during overnight low-salt intake.
Tetrahedral Framework Nucleic Acid‐Based Delivery of Astaxanthin Suppresses Chondrocyte Pyroptosis and Modulates Oxidative Stress for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis
Authors: Yifan Li, Jiafeng Li, Sheng Xu, Dongdong Li, Zhen Zhang, Qianshuo Huang, Xuanwei Wang, Miaoda Shen, Sanzhong Xu
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Worldwide, osteoarthritis (OA) is regarded as the most widespread, distressing, and limiting chronic disease that affects degenerative joints. Currently, there is no treatment available to modify the progression of OA. The pathogenesis of OA is significantly linked with oxidative stress and pyroptosis. Astaxanthin (Ast) is a natural ketocarotenoid pigment with potent antioxidant activity and is shown to effectively alleviate cartilage damage in OA. However, its bioavailability is greatly limited due to poor water solubility, high sensitivity to light, temperature, and pH. In this study, Ast-loaded tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (tFNAs) or tFNA/Ast complexes (TAC) for Ast delivery are developed. Compared with free Ast and tFNA alone, TAC exhibits improved drug stability and cellular uptake. Most importantly, TAC effectively protects chondrocytes against oxidative stress-induced pyroptosis while promoting extracellular matrix anabolism by chondrocytes, and ultimately alleviates cartilage damage in a mouse destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) model. Thus, TAC holds great promise for the treatment of OA patients.
Abortion Bans Harm Not Just Pregnant People—They Harm Newborns and Infants Too
Authors: Ghazaleh Moayedi, Aketch Osamba, Atsuko Koyama
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2024)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Seeking Details on Artificial Intelligence Diagnosis for Acute Otitis Media
Authors: Shannon L. Walston, Shingo Sato, Daiju Ueda
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2024)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Proactively Designing Generative Artificial Intelligence for Primary Care—Reply
Authors: Urmimala Sarkar, David W. Bates
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2024)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Social Media Use and Internalizing Symptoms in Clinical and Community Adolescent Samples
Authors: Luisa Fassi, Kirsten Thomas, Douglas A. Parry, Amelia Leyland-Craggs, Tamsin J. Ford, Amy Orben
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2024)

Importance In response to widespread concerns about social media’s influence on adolescent mental health, most research has studied adolescents from the general population, overlooking clinical groups. Objective To synthesize, quantify, and compare evidence on the association between social media use and internalizing symptoms in adolescent clinical and community samples. Data Sources Peer-reviewed publications from MEDLINE, Web of Science, PsycInfo, and Scopus (initially reviewed in May 2022 and updated in October 2023) and preprints from Europe PubMed Central (February 2023) published in English between 2007 and 2023. Study Selection Two blinded reviewers initially identified 14 211 cross-sectional and longitudinal studies quantifying the association between social media use and internalizing symptoms, excluding experimental studies and randomized clinical trials. Data Extraction and Synthesis PRISMA and MOOSE guidelines were followed, pooling data using a random-effects model and robust variance estimation. The quality of evidence was assessed using the Quality of Survey Studies in Psychology Checklist. Main Outcomes and Measures Articles were included if they reported at least 1 quantitative measure of social media use (time spent, active vs passive use, activity, content, user perception, and other) and internalizing symptoms (anxiety, depression, or both). Results The 143 studies reviewed included 1 094 890 adolescents and 886 effect sizes, 11% of which examined clinical samples. In these samples, a positive and significant meta-correlation was found between social media use and internalizing symptoms, both for time spent (n = 2893; r , 0.08; 95% CI, 0.01 to 0.15; P = .03; I 2 , 57.83) and user engagement (n = 859; r , 0.12; 95% CI, 0.09 to 0.15; P = .002; I 2 , 82.67). These associations mirrored those in community samples. Conclusions and Relevance The findings in this study highlight a lack of research on clinical populations, a critical gap considering public concerns about the increase in adolescent mental health symptoms at clinical levels. This paucity of evidence not only restricts the generalizability of existing research but also hinders our ability to evaluate and compare the link between social media use and mental health in clinical vs nonclinical populations.
Infant Deaths After Texas’ 2021 Ban on Abortion in Early Pregnancy
Authors: Alison Gemmill, Claire E. Margerison, Elizabeth A. Stuart, Suzanne O. Bell
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2024)

Prior observational research has shown that infants born in states with more abortion restrictions are more likely to die during infancy. It is unclear how recent and more severe abortion bans in the US have impacted infant mortality.