tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Porous Materials for Early Diagnosis of Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Payam Arghavani, Hossein Daneshgar, Soheil Sojdeh, Mohammad Edrisi, Ali Akbar Moosavi‐Movahedi, Navid Rabiee
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2025)

Abstract Neurodegenerative diseases, particularly Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, present formidable challenges in modern medicine due to their complex pathologies and the absence of curative treatments. Despite advances in symptomatic management, early diagnosis remains essential for mitigating disease progression and improving patient outcomes. Traditional diagnostic methods, such as MRI, PET, and cerebrospinal fluid biomarker analysis, are often inadequate for the early detection of these diseases. Emerging porous materials, including metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent–organic frameworks (COFs), MXene, zeolites, and porous silicon, offer promising new approaches for the early diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases. These materials, characterized by highly tunable physicochemical properties, have the potential to capture and concentrate disease‐specific biomarkers such as amyloid‐beta (Aβ), tau protein, and alpha‐synuclein (α‐Syn). The integration of these materials into advanced biosensors for real‐time detection holds the promise of revolutionizing neurodiagnostic, enabling non‐invasive, highly sensitive, and specific detection platforms. Furthermore, the incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) techniques into the analysis of sensor data enhances diagnostic accuracy and allows for more efficient interpretation of complex biomarker profiles. AI and ML can optimize feature selection, improve pattern recognition, and facilitate the prediction of disease progression, making them indispensable tools for personalized medicine. This review explores the potential of porous materials in neurodegenerative disease diagnostics, emphasizing their design, functionality, and the synergistic role of AI and ML in advancing clinical applications.
Size-specific clonidine-loaded liposomes: Advancing melanoma microenvironment suppression with safety and precision
Authors: Nianzhou Yu, Yantao Xu, Qi Sun, Yi Ge, Yeye Guo, Maike Chen, Han Shan, Mingde Zheng, Zeyu Chen, Shuang Zhao, Xiang Chen
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2025)
Biomimetic reactive oxygen/nitrogen nanoscavengers inhibit “ferroptosis storm” and modulate immune targeting for acute kidney injury
Authors: Yuxin Cao, Xiaowei Liu, Chunjing Guo, Weili Yang, Xuemei Wang, Xinxin Wang, Haiyu Xu, Wenming Wang, Dandan Liu, Jingwen Zhang, Wenhao Cui, Yuxiu Chen, Xuan Guo, Daquan Chen
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2025)
Cardioprotection exerted by intravenous statin at index myocardial infarction event attenuates cardiac damage upon recurrent infarction
Authors: Gemma Vilahur, Soumaya Ben-Aicha, Manuel Gutiérrez, Monika Radike, Guiomar Mendieta, Lisaidy Ramos, Sebastia Alcover, Laura Casani, Gemma Arderiu, Teresa Padró, María Borrell, Lina Badimon
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2025)

Abstract Aims Recurrent acute myocardial infarction (RE-AMI) is a frequent complication after STEMI, and its association with stent thrombosis can be life-threatening. Intravenous atorvastatin (IV-atorva) administration during AMI has been shown to limit infarct size and adverse cardiac remodeling. We determined by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) whether the cardioprotection exerted by IV-atorva at the index AMI event translates into a better prognosis upon RE-AMI in dyslipidemic pigs. Methods and Results Hypercholesterolemic pigs underwent a first AMI (90-minute coronary balloon occlusion). During ongoing ischemia, animals received IV-atorva or vehicle. Forty days later, animals underwent RE-AMI and were sacrificed on day43. All animals remained on p.o. atorvastatin and a high-cholesterol diet from the first AMI until sacrifice. Serial CMR analysis was performed on day3 post-AMI, prior- (day40) and post-RE-AMI (day43). No differences were detected in edema formation in both animal groups during AMI and RE-AMI. Gadolinium DE-CMR revealed smaller infarcts in IV-atorva-treated animals at index event at 3days and 40days post-AMI compared to vehicle-administered pigs (p&amp;lt;0.05). CMR analyses post-RE-AMI revealed smaller infarcts in the animals treated with IV-atorva at index event than in the vehicle-administered pigs. These IV-atorva at index event benefits were associated with higher LVEF and normal LV wall motion in the jeopardized myocardium at RE-AMI (p&amp;lt;0.05 vs. vehicle). The scar region of RE-AMI of animals treated with IV-atorva at index event showed reduced cardiac inflammatory infiltrate, apoptosis and senescence activation, and increased reparative fibrosis and neovessel formation vs. vehicle-administered pigs. Animals treated with IV-atorva at index event also showed lower CRP and higher IL-10 plasma levels in the setting of RE-AMI. Conclusions The cardioprotection afforded by IV-atorva administration during an index-AMI event shows a legacy effect attenuating myocardial damage and preserving cardiac contractile function upon RE-AMI. The potential benefits of this intravenous approach should be tested in the clinical setting.
Ice-pop making inspired photothermal ultra-swelling microneedles to facilitate loading and intradermal vaccination of tumor antigen
Authors: Zhiming Li, Xueyu Wen, Shaojie Lu, Yanting Zheng, Puxuan Zhao, Sijia Mu, Xin Wang, Yanan Shi, Fengli Qu, Hao Chang
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2025)
Direct Measurement of the Mutation Rate and Its Evolutionary Consequences in a Critically Endangered Mollusk
Authors: T Brock Wooldridge, Sarah M Ford, Holland C Conwell, John Hyde, Kelley Harris, Beth Shapiro
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2025)

Abstract The rate at which mutations arise is a fundamental parameter of biology. Despite progress in measuring germline mutation rates across diverse taxa, such estimates are missing for much of Earth's biodiversity. Here, we present the first estimate of a germline mutation rate from the phylum Mollusca. We sequenced three pedigreed families of the white abalone Haliotis sorenseni, a long-lived, large-bodied, and critically endangered mollusk, and estimated a de novo mutation rate of 8.60 × 10−9 single nucleotide mutations per site per generation. This mutation rate is similar to rates measured in vertebrates with comparable generation times and longevity to abalone, and higher than mutation rates measured in faster-reproducing invertebrates. The spectrum of de novo mutations is also similar to that seen in vertebrate species, although an excess of rare C &amp;gt; A polymorphisms in wild individuals suggests that a modifier allele or environmental exposure may have once increased C &amp;gt; A mutation rates. We use our rate to infer baseline effective population sizes (Ne) across multiple Pacific abalone and find that abalone persisted over most of their evolutionary history as large and stable populations, in contrast to extreme fluctuations over recent history and small census sizes in the present day. We then use our mutation rate to infer the timing and pattern of evolution of the abalone genus Haliotis, which was previously unknown due to few fossil calibrations. Our findings are an important step toward understanding mutation rate evolution and they establish a key parameter for conservation and evolutionary genomics research in mollusks.
Incidence of non-infectious uveitis among patients with hidradenitis suppurativa
Authors: Temitope Ayodele, Bria Midgette, Andrew Strunk, Robert Sabat, Kerstin Wolk, Amit Garg
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2025)

Inflammatory skin diseases, particularly those associated with spondyloarthropathies, have been linked to noninfectious uveitis (NIU), but limited data exist on the association of NIU with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). In this retrospective cohort study, incidence of NIU was higher in patients with HS than in those without the condition, and HS was associated with NIU independently of shared comorbid risk factors.
Prediction of checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy efficacy for cancer using routine blood tests and clinical data
Authors: Seong-Keun Yoo, Conall W. Fitzgerald, Byuri Angela Cho, Bailey G. Fitzgerald, Catherine Han, Elizabeth S. Koh, Abhinav Pandey, Hannah Sfreddo, Fionnuala Crowley, Michelle Rudshteyn Korostin, Neha Debnath, Yan Leyfman, Cristina Valero, Mark Lee, Joris L. Vos, Andrew Sangho Lee, Karena Zhao, Stanley Lam, Ezekiel Olumuyide, Fengshen Kuo, Eric A. Wilson, Pauline Hamon, Clotilde Hennequin, Miriam Saffern, Lynda Vuong, A. Ari Hakimi, Brian Brown, Miriam Merad, Sacha Gnjatic, Nina Bhardwaj, Matthew D. Galsky, Eric E. Schadt, Robert M. Samstein, Thomas U. Marron, Mithat Gönen, Luc G. T. Morris, Diego Chowell
Journal: Nature Medicine (2025)

Predicting whether a patient with cancer will benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) without resorting to advanced genomic or immunologic assays is an important clinical need. To address this, we developed and evaluated SCORPIO, a machine learning system that utilizes routine blood tests (complete blood count and comprehensive metabolic profile) alongside clinical characteristics from 9,745 ICI-treated patients across 21 cancer types. SCORPIO was trained on data from 1,628 patients across 17 cancer types from Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. In two internal test sets comprising 2,511 patients across 19 cancer types, SCORPIO achieved median time-dependent area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC(t)) values of 0.763 and 0.759 for predicting overall survival at 6, 12, 18, 24 and 30 months, outperforming tumor mutational burden (TMB), which showed median AUC(t) values of 0.503 and 0.543. Additionally, SCORPIO demonstrated superior predictive performance for predicting clinical benefit (tumor response or prolonged stability), with AUC values of 0.714 and 0.641, compared to TMB (AUC = 0.546 and 0.573). External validation was performed using 10 global phase 3 trials (4,447 patients across 6 cancer types) and a real-world cohort from the Mount Sinai Health System (1,159 patients across 18 cancer types). In these external cohorts, SCORPIO maintained robust performance in predicting ICI outcomes, surpassing programmed death-ligand 1 immunostaining. These findings underscore SCORPIO's reliability and adaptability, highlighting its potential to predict patient outcomes with ICI therapy across diverse cancer types and healthcare settings.
Retraction Note: Suppression of inflammation and acute lung injury by Miz1 via repression of C/EBP-δ
Authors: Hanh Chi Do-Umehara, Cong Chen, Daniela Urich, Liang Zhou, Ju Qiu, Samuel Jang, Alia Zander, Margaret A. Baker, Martin Eilers, Peter H. S. Sporn, Karen M. Ridge, Jacob I. Sznajder, G. R. Scott Budinger, Gökhan M. Mutlu, Anning Lin, Jing Liu
Journal: Nature Immunology (2025)
ALK Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Induced Weight Gain: More Refined Definition of Weight Gain, Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Agonist Treatment, and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of <i>ALK+</i> Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer?
Authors: Cathleen June Park, Alexandria T.M. Lee, Sai-Hong Ignatius Ou
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2025)
End-procedural adherence to recommended hemodynamic targets does not improve the outcome of elective tips in cirrhotic patients
Authors: Davide Roccarina, Dario Saltini, Valentina Adotti, Martina Rosi, Marco Senzolo, Silvia Nardelli, Marcello Bianchini, Lara Biribin, Cristian Caporali, Falcini Margherita, Lucia Ragozzino, Tomas Guasconi, Federico Casari, Stefania Gioia, Claudia Campani, Francesco Prampolini, Angelica Ingravallo, Stefano Gitto, Silvia Aspite, Umberto Arena, Michele Citone, Melania Gaggini, Lorenzo Ridola, Giulio Barbiero, Salvatore De Masi, Oliviero Riggio, Manuela Merli, Fabrizio Fanelli, Sara Montagnese, Fabio Marra, Filippo Schepis, Francesco Vizzutti
Journal: Hepatology (2025)

Background &amp; Aims: In clinical practice, the reduction of porto-caval pressure gradient (PCPG) following trans-jugular intra-hepatic porto-systemic shunt (TIPS) does not always meet the recommendation of current guidance. We evaluated the impact of different degrees of PCPG reduction, measured at the end of an elective TIPS, on ascites control, recurrence of portal hypertension-related bleeding (PHRB) and survival. Approach and Results: Cirrhotic patients receiving TIPS for refractory ascites (RA) or for the secondary prophylaxis of PHRB were consecutively enrolled. Reduction in PCPG was defined inadequate (IHR) in patients not achieving a PCPG &lt;12 mm Hg for both secondary prophylaxis of PHRB and RA, or a reduction of at least 50% only for PHRB. Four-hundred-fifteen patients were analyzed. An adequate hemodynamic response (AHR) was achieved in 66%. Fifty percent of patients received an under-dilated (≤7 mm) endoprosthesis. No significant differences between patients with IHR and AHR were observed in rebleeding rate and ascites control, while overt hepatic encephalopathy was higher in AHR. Regardless of TIPS indication, survival was not significantly different between IHR and AHR, while advanced age and liver function before TIPS were significantly associated with a higher cumulative incidence of liver-related death. Notably, the cumulative incidence of liver-related mortality was higher in RA patients when AHR was defined as a post-TIPS PCPG &lt;12 mm Hg or a reduction ≥50%. Conclusions: AHR measured at the end of an elective TIPS may not be essential to define the eventual outcome, while a marked drop in PCPG could negatively affect the prognosis of patients with RA.
Fulvestrant Versus Anastrozole in Endocrine Therapy–Naïve Women With Hormone Receptor–Positive Advanced Breast Cancer: Final Overall Survival in the Phase III FALCON Trial
Authors: John F.R. Robertson, Zhimin Shao, Shinzaburo Noguchi, Igor Bondarenko, Lawrence Panasci, Sandeep Singh, Shankar Subramaniam, Matthew J. Ellis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2025)

The randomized phase III FALCON trial demonstrated significant improvement in progression-free survival (PFS) with fulvestrant versus anastrozole in postmenopausal women with endocrine therapy–naïve, hormone receptor–positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–negative advanced breast cancer. Herein, the prespecified final overall survival (OS) analysis is reported. After the primary PFS analysis, data were collected on survival, serious adverse events, and health-related quality of life. The final OS analysis was triggered at ≥65% maturity and ≥8 years since the last patient was enrolled. Analyses were descriptive with nominal P values (one-sided α threshold .01845). At the data cutoff (July 11, 2022), 314 (68.0%) of 462 patients had died (fulvestrant, 157/230 [68.3%], anastrozole, 157/232 [67.7%]). The final OS analysis of FALCON demonstrated no significant difference between fulvestrant and anastrozole (medians, 44.8 and 42.7 months, respectively; hazard ratio [HR], 0.97 [95% CI, 0.77 to 1.21]; P = .7579). Among patients with nonvisceral disease (n = 208), a trend showed a 15% reduction in the relative risk of death with fulvestrant versus anastrozole (median OS, 65.2 v 47.8 months; HR, 0.85 [95% CI, 0.60 to 1.20]). Data from FALCON are consistent with published evidence of long-term clinical benefit with fulvestrant and other endocrine therapies in the subset of patients with nonvisceral disease.
Brentuximab Vedotin Combination for Relapsed Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Nancy L. Bartlett, Uwe Hahn, Won-Seog Kim, Isabelle Fleury, Kamel Laribi, Juan-Miguel Bergua, Krimo Bouabdallah, Nicholas Forward, Fontanet Bijou, David MacDonald, Craig A. Portell, Herve Ghesquieres, Grzegorz Nowakowski, Christopher A. Yasenchak, Monica Patterson, Linda Ho, Evelyn Rustia, Michelle Fanale, Fei Jie, Jeong-A Kim
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2025)

PURPOSE In patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), brentuximab vedotin (BV) as monotherapy or combined with either lenalidomide (Len) or rituximab (R) has demonstrated efficacy with acceptable safety. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of BV + Len + R versus placebo + Len + R in patients with R/R DLBCL. METHODS ECHELON-3 is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter, phase 3 trial comparing BV + Len + R with placebo + Len + R in patients with R/R DLBCL. Patients received BV or placebo once every 3 weeks, Len once daily, and R once every 3 weeks. The primary end point was overall survival (OS), and secondary end points included investigator-assessed progression-free survival (PFS) and objective response rate (ORR). A prespecified interim analysis was performed after 134 OS events, with two-sided P = .0232 as the efficacy boundary. RESULTS Patients (N = 230) were randomly assigned to receive BV + Len + R (n = 112) or placebo + Len + R (n = 118). Two patients in the placebo arm did not receive treatment. With a median follow-up of 16.4 months, the median OS was 13.8 months with BV + Len + R versus 8.5 months with placebo + Len + R (hazard ratio, 0.63 [95% CI, 0.45 to 0.89]; two-sided P = .009). The median PFS was 4.2 months with BV + Len + R versus 2.6 months with placebo + Len + R (hazard ratio, 0.53 [95% CI, 0.38 to 0.73]; two-sided P &lt; .001). The ORR was 64% ([95% CI, 55 to 73]; two-sided P &lt; .001) with BV + Len + R and 42% (95% CI, 33 to 51) with placebo + Len + R; complete response rates were 40% and 19%, respectively. Treatment-emergent adverse events (AEs) occurred in 97% of patients in both arms. In both arms, the most common treatment-emergent AEs were neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, diarrhea, and anemia. CONCLUSION BV + Len + R demonstrated a statistically significant survival benefit with a manageable safety profile in heavily pretreated patients with R/R DLBCL.
Longitudinal response to standard of care in pediatric metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: Rates of improvement and worsening, and factors associated with outcomes
Authors: Kimberly P. Newton, Dulshan Jayasekera, Amanda L. Blackford, Cynthia Behling, Laura A. Wilson, Mark H. Fishbein, Jean P. Molleston, Stavra A. Xanthakos, Miriam B. Vos, Jeffrey B. Schwimmer
Journal: Hepatology (2025)

Background &amp; Aims: Longitudinal outcomes in children with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) remain unclear due to the absence of a standardized monitoring approach. This study aimed to 1) define improvement and worsening in children with MASLD, 2) estimate rates of improvement or deterioration with standard of care (SOC) over one and two years, and 3) identify baseline and longitudinal factors associated with improvement or worsening. Approach and Results: Using data from two large randomized controlled trials, we derived definitions for composite improvement and worsening of MASLD based on associations between changes in ALT, GGT, and liver histology after one and two years. Improvement was defined as ≥40% decrease in ALT and ≥20% decrease in GGT and worsening as ≥20% increase in both ALT and GGT. We applied definitions to a cohort of 440 children with MASLD. After one year of SOC, 22% of children with MASLD showed improvement, increasing to 31% after two years. However, 20% showed worsening after both one and two years despite receiving SOC. Logistic regression analysis, employing stepwise model selection, identified changes in body mass index (BMI) z-score and cholesterol to be most associated with improvement or deterioration. Conclusion: This study developed criteria for improvement and worsening in children with MASLD over one and two years of follow-up. With SOC, over one-quarter of children are likely to improve while one-fifth of children are likely to worsen. Targeting interventions that affect BMI and lipid parameters may help improve MASLD over time.
The immunological landscape of primary biliary cholangitis: Mechanisms and therapeutic prospects
Authors: Vincenzo Ronca, Scott P. Davies, Ye Htun Oo, Ana Lleo
Journal: Hepatology (2025)

Primary Biliary Cholangitis (PBC) is a chronic cholestatic liver disease characterized by the progressive destruction of intrahepatic bile ducts, leading to fibrosis, and potentially cirrhosis. PBC has been considered a prototypical autoimmune condition, given the presence of specific autoantibodies and the immune response against well-defined mitochondrial autoantigens. Further evidence supports the interaction of immunogenetic and environmental factors in the aetiology of PBC. An immunological attack on biliary epithelial cells (BECs) with secondary failure of biliary transporters, e.g. the anion exchange protein 2 (AE2), is traditionally considered the primum movens. A recent hypothesis proposes a primary failure of BECs with the downregulation of AE2 secondary to epigenetic mechanisms (miR-506 overexpression) which then triggers the immunological storm. This highlights the secretory defect as culprit and sustaining factor in the pathogenesis of PBC with UDCA helping to restore this protective mechanism by promoting bicarbonate secretion and reducing bile acid toxicity. In this review we aim to provide the most recent evidence on the immunopathogenesis of PBC. We will analyse the immune function of the biliary epithelium, assessing the immunomodulatory functions of the bile acids and the evidence of the immunological roles of the secretory pathways targeted by the current treatments.
Finding the Right Partner: Triplet Therapy for First-Line Advanced Biliary Tract Cancers
Authors: Xin Wang, Anna Saborowski, Gonzalo Sapisochin, Arndt Vogel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2025)

The Oncology Grand Rounds series is designed to place original reports published in the Journal into clinical context. A case presentation is followed by a description of diagnostic and management challenges, a review of the relevant literature, and a summary of the authors’ suggested management approaches. The goal of this series is to help readers better understand how to apply the results of key studies, including those published in Journal of Clinical Oncology , to patients seen in their own clinical practice.