tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Neighborhood Characteristics and Mental Health From Childhood to Adolescence
Authors: Niloofar Shoari, Marta Blangiardo, Monica Pirani
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2025)

Importance The relationship of neighborhood environmental and socioeconomic factors with mental health across childhood and adolescence remains unclear. Objective To investigate the associations of neighborhood characteristics with mental health at various developmental stages, from early childhood to late adolescence. Design, Setting, and Participants This population-based cohort study used data from the Millennium Cohort Study, including approximately 19 000 children born in the UK from 2000 to 2002. This analysis included individuals in England with complete data on neighborhood exposures at ages 3, 5, 7, 11, 14, and 17 years. Data were analyzed from January to December 2023. Exposures Neighborhood-level air pollution, green space, and socioeconomic status. Main Outcomes and Measures Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) scores linked with exposure to air pollution, green space, and socioeconomic status, measured at participants’ residential addresses, were analyzed using a hierarchical bayesian regression model. Hypotheses were formulated after data collection. Results The sample included 3595 children and adolescents, with 1826 (50.5%) female; 3012 participants (83.8%) were White and 583 participants (16.2%) were another ethnicity. The mean (SD) SDQ score was 7.1 (5.1). After adjusting for individual and household factors, neighborhood socioeconomic status emerged as the strongest factor associated with mental health. Residing in affluent neighborhoods was associated with improved mental health, with this association magnifying through adolescence. For children of the same age, those in the most affluent neighborhoods had log-transformed SDQ scores 0.73 (95% credible interval [CrI], 0.58 to 0.88) lower at age 17 years compared with their peers in the most deprived areas; at age 5 years, scores were 0.31 (95% CrI, 0.17 to 0.45) lower. Exposure to particulate matter with diameter less than 2.5 μm was associated with poorer mental health during early childhood (age 3 years), with an effect size of 0.15 (95% CrI, 0.08 to 0.22). While green space was not directly associated with improved mental health, a sex-based difference was observed, with males showing more favorable associations (interaction, −0.10 [95% CrI, −0.17 to −0.03]). Conclusions and Relevance In this cohort study of children and adolescents, associations between neighborhood characteristics and mental health evolved from childhood through adolescence. These findings suggest that targeted interventions in disadvantaged neighborhoods and strategies to protect young children from air pollution are essential. A comprehensive approach is recommended to incorporate air pollution, green space, and socioeconomic status not only in residential neighborhoods but also in other settings, such as schools.
Long-Term Cancer Risk of US Service Members Exposed to Burn Pits in Iraq
Authors: Ian Robertson, Robert Sgrignoli, Alexander Dew, Sarah Darmon, Ola Landgren, Dickran Kazandjian, Christin DeStefano
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2025)

This cohort study of active-duty service members in the US military examines the association of exposure to burn pits during the war in Iraq with incidence of cancer.
Radiotherapy promotes cuproptosis and synergizes with cuproptosis inducers to overcome tumor radioresistance
Authors: Guang Lei, Mingchuang Sun, Jun Cheng, Rui Ye, Zhengze Lu, Amber Horbath, David Huo, Shengrong Wu, Anagha Alapati, Sadhna Aggarwal, Zhihao Xu, Chao Mao, Yuelong Yan, Jun Yao, Qidong Li, Xiong Chen, Hyemin Lee, Li Zhuang, Dadi Jiang, Apar Pataer, Jack A Roth, Nicholas Navin, Albert C Koong, Mingjian James You, Steven H Lin, Boyi Gan
Journal: Cancer Cell (2025)
ZEB2 is a master switch controlling the tumor-associated macrophage program
Authors: Fadi Sheban, Truong San Phan, Ken Xie, Florian Ingelfinger, Chamutal Gur, Yuval Shapir Itai, Ronnie Blecher-Gonen, Chunsong Yu, Roberto Avellino, Paulina Chalan, Kiara Freitag, Ido Yofe, Vladimir Yutkin, Pierre Boyeau, Can Ergen, Justin Hong, Kfir Mazuz, Yuxiao Liu, Kangming Chen, Rony Dahan, Marcin Kortylewski, Nir Yosef, Assaf Weiner, Ido Amit
Journal: Cancer Cell (2025)
Pan-cancer human brain metastases atlas at single-cell resolution
Authors: Xudong Xing, Jian Zhong, Jana Biermann, Hao Duan, Xinyu Zhang, Yu Shi, Yixin Gao, Kejun He, Duanyang Zhai, Feng Luo, Yanxing Lai, Feizhe Xiao, Wenying Wang, Mengru Wang, Jianguo Xu, Hao Liu, Jiaze Tang, Liangzhao Chu, Tunan Chen, Edridge K D'Souza, Lindsay Caprio, Leon Ebel, Devanik Biswas, Azzurra Cottarelli, Yonggao Mou, Benjamin Izar, Nu Zhang, Fan Bai
Journal: Cancer Cell (2025)
A. faecalis induces intestinal T helper 17 cells by promoting E3 ubiquitin ligase Trim21-mediated E3 ubiquitin ligase Fbxw7 degradation
Authors: Yingying Shen, Zeyu Ma, Hanliang Wang, Yinghu Chen, Yue Fang, Lionel Apetoh, Gensheng Zhang, Fenglian He, Shaofang Xie, Jufeng Guo, Shuaikang Cao, Hai Li, Qingqing Wang, Jianli Wang, Junjie Xu, Zhijian Cai
Journal: Immunity (2025)
Certolizumab pegol to prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome and lupus anticoagulant (IMPACT): results of a prospective, single-arm, open-label, phase 2 trial
Authors: D. Ware Branch, Mimi Y. Kim, Marta M. Guerra, Joseph Worden, Carl A. Laskin, Maria T. DeSancho, Inna V. Landres, Jason S. Knight, Haley S. Slosberg, Margaret Minett, Jane E. Salmon
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2025)
An integrated microfluidic and fluorescence platform for probing in vivo neuropharmacology
Authors: Sean C Piantadosi, Min-Kyu Lee, Mingzheng Wu, Huong Huynh, Raudel Avila, Catalina A Zamorano, Carina Pizzano, Yixin Wu, Rachael Xavier, Maria Stanslaski, Jiheon Kang, Sarah Thai, Youngdo Kim, Jinglan Zhang, Yonggang Huang, Yevgenia Kozorovitskiy, Cameron H Good, Anthony R Banks, John A Rogers, Michael R Bruchas
Journal: Neuron (2025)
Neonatal Sucrose and Internalizing Behaviors at 18 Months in Children Born Very Preterm
Authors: Mia A. McLean, Manon Ranger, Jeffrey N. Bone, Thiviya Selvanathan, Stephanie H. Au-Young, Cecil M. Y. Chau, Vann Chau, Linh Ly, Edmond Kelly, Anne Synnes, Steven P. Miller, Ruth E. Grunau
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2025)

Importance In the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), neonates born very preterm (&amp;amp;lt;33 weeks’ gestation) are exposed to great numbers of painful procedures, which is associated with more internalizing (anxiety and depressive) behaviors later in childhood. Oral sucrose is commonly used in NICUs to treat acute procedural pain and is effective in reducing behavioral responses, but the long-term associations between oral sucrose and child behaviors have not yet been examined. Objective To examine associations between cumulative neonatal pain and sucrose exposure in early life (prior to approximately 32 weeks postmenstrual age), in relation to child behaviors (internalizing and externalizing) at 18 months corrected age (CA) in children born very preterm and to examine whether the associations are sex specific. Design, Setting, and Participants In a prospective, longitudinal cohort study, children born very preterm (24-32 weeks’ gestational age [GA]) were recruited from 2015 to 2019 from 3 tertiary NICUs in Canada and attended a follow-up visit at 18 months CA. Data analysis was performed from February to May 2024. Exposures The clinical protocol to treat acute procedural pain at site 1 was facilitated tucking with nonnutritive sucking; sites 2 and 3 used 24% sucrose with nonnutritive sucking. Prospective clinical record review was conducted (eg, number of painful procedures, cumulative sucrose dose, analgesia, sedation, days receiving mechanical ventilation, and surgical procedures). Main Outcomes and Measures Parents reported on their child’s behavior on the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL; 1.5 to 5 years) yielding internalizing and externalizing scores. Results In total, 192 children (110 male [57%]) were included in the current study. After applying propensity score weights to adjust for clinical factors across sucrose and nonsucrose sites and accounting for neonatal pain, cumulative sucrose (milliliters) in early life was not associated with internalizing scores ( B = 0.62; 95% CI, −0.46 to 1.99). However, greater neonatal pain exposure was significantly associated with higher 18-month CBCL internalizing scores ( B = 0.01; 95% CI, 0.0003 to 0.0135; R 2 = 1.8%). There were no associations with externalizing scores, and associations were not moderated by child sex. Conclusions and Relevance In this cohort study of children born very preterm across 3 tertiary NICUs in Canada, cumulative sucrose exposure in early life demonstrated no association with child behavior and did not ameliorate the association between greater neonatal pain and internalizing behaviors. Further research is needed to identify pain management strategies that can effectively mitigate or protect against adverse behavioral outcomes in children born very preterm.
Trajectory of Early Life Adiposity Among South Asian Children
Authors: Sandi M. Azab, Saba Naqvi, Talha Rafiq, Joseph Beyene, Wei Deng, Amel Lamri, Katherine M. Morrison, Koon Teo, Gillian Santorelli, John Wright, Natalie C. Williams, Russell J. de Souza, Gita Wahi, Sonia S. Anand
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2025)

Importance Measures of childhood adiposity merit investigation, particularly in individuals of South Asian descent. Objective To investigate prenatal and childhood factors associated with the trajectory of adiposity in South Asian children, and the cumulative contribution of modifiable factors, such as diet and physical activity, on this trajectory. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study was a prospective analysis of the South Asian Birth Cohort (START; 2011-2015) for discovery; and the Family Atherosclerosis Monitoring In Early Life (FAMILY; 2002-2009) in Ontario, Canada, and the Born in Bradford (BiB; 2008-2009) cohort in Bradford, UK, for validation. Mother-child pairs included 903 South Asian individuals (START), 675 White European individuals (FAMILY), and 1593 individuals (BiB), of which 52% were South Asian. Analysis was conducted from March 2020 to September 2024. Exposure Maternal, infancy, and early childhood exposures. Main Outcomes and Measures Adiposity, assessed by the sum of subscapular and triceps skinfold thicknesses (SSF) from birth to 3 years, aggregated to a single measure as total area under the growth curve (AUC for SSF); multivariable linear regression models to identify determinants of AUC for SSF; and a cumulative score to assess joint contribution of modifiable risk factors to AUC for SSF. Results START included 903 children (456 female [50.5%]; mean [SD] maternal age, 30.2 [4.0] years; maternal mean [SD] prepregnancy body mass index [BMI], 23.8 [4.50]). Maternal sum of skinfold thicknesses (β = 0.80 [95% CI, 0.30-1.30] per 10 mm), gestational weight gain (β = 0.38 [95% CI, 0.02-0.74] per 5 kg), a health-conscious diet score (β = −0.68 [95% CI, −1.26 to −0.10] per 1 SD), and infant breastfeeding for the first year (β = −1.68 [95% CI, −2.94 to −0.42), as well as physical activity (β = −0.33 [95% CI, −0.57 to −0.09] per 30-min/d) and screen time (β = 0.49 [95% CI, 0.18-0.81] per 30-min/d) were each independently associated with AUC for SSF. These 6 early-life modifiable factors combined into a single score had a direct, graded association between number of factors and AUC for SSF ( P for trend &amp;amp;lt; .001). In the validation cohorts, maternal BMI, breastfeeding, and child physical activity were replicated and showed a similar graded association with AUC for SSF ( P for trend &amp;amp;lt; .001) when combined. Conclusions and Relevance In this cohort study of South Asian children, 6 modifiable factors were associated with lower adiposity and combined into a single score. This score may be useful in clinical and public health settings to help mitigate childhood obesity in South Asian individuals and beyond.
Evolution of reported patient and public involvement over time in randomised controlled trials in major medical journals and in their protocols: meta-epidemiological evaluation
Authors: Alice Vanneste, Io Wens, Peter Sinnaeve, Claudia Louati, Isabelle Huys, John P A Ioannidis, Tom Adriaenssens
Journal: BMJ (2025)

Abstract Objective To investigate the reporting and evolution of patient and public involvement (PPI) in randomised controlled trials published over time in major medical journals and in their trial protocols. Design Meta-epidemiological evaluation. Data source PubMed was searched for articles reporting randomised controlled trials published since 2015 in four major medical journals and their corresponding peer reviewed protocols. Eligibility criteria for selecting studies The first 10 randomised controlled trials published each year in each journal were included. Data extraction Data extraction focused on involved stakeholders, description and extent of PPI activities/processes, and recognition of PPI contributions. Published articles and protocols were assessed for consistency of the reported PPI in both. Results Of the 360 published articles reporting randomised controlled trials and 299 respective protocols, PPI was only reported in 64 (18%) articles and 56 (19%) protocols. When PPI was reported, patients and their representatives were mainly involved, with the most common PPI activity being participation in trial committees (44/64 PPI reporting articles; 39/56 protocols). PPI primarily occurred during the trial development phase, including feedback on study design, review of study materials, and assessment of feasibility. Protocols occasionally had more detailed information than the published articles, but in most cases the PPI contributions were often vague without detailed information on specific outcomes and the effect on decision making within the randomised controlled trial. Recognition of PPI contributions was more frequent in published articles (n=37; 58%) than in protocols (n=18; 32%), mainly in the acknowledgment section. Conclusion This study found limited PPI reported in randomised controlled trials published in major medical journals and in their respective protocols, underscoring the need for consistent, detailed, and transparent PPI reporting practices in clinical research. Study registration https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/4EQG2 .
Proteomic Biomarkers of Survival in Non-IPF Interstitial Lung Disease
Authors: Shehabaldin Alqalyoobi, Jennifer A Smith, Manoj V. Maddali, Janelle Vu Pugashetti, Chad A. Newton, John S. Kim, Angela L Linderholm, Ching-Hsien Chen, Shwu-Fan Ma, Swaraj Bose, Susan Murray, Ayodeji Adegunsoye, Mary E. Strek, Christine Kim Garcia, Paul J Wolters, Fernando J. Martinez, Imre Noth, Justin M. Oldham
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2025)

While idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) has been widely studied, progressive non-IPF interstitial lung disease (ILD) remains poorly understood. To identify and validate proteomic biomarkers of non-IPF ILD survival. High-throughput proteomic data were generated using plasma collected as part of prospective registries at the Universities of California and Texas (discovery cohort, n=676) and PRECISIONS multi-omic study (validation cohort, n=616). Proteins associated with three-year transplant-free survival (TFS) were identified using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression, and those associated with TFS after adjustment for false discovery were advanced for validation cohort testing. Pathway analysis was performed to identify molecular pathways unique to non-IPF ILD and shared with IPF. Of 2925 proteins tested in the discovery cohort, 73 were associated with TFS, with 44 showing sustained TFS association in the validation cohort. The top TFS-associated proteins were amphiregulin (HR 2.51, 95% CI 2.07-3.04), integrin subunit beta 6 (HR 2.46; 95% CI 1.95-3.10) and keratin 19 (HR 1.70, 95% CI 1.47-1.98). All but one validated biomarkers showed consistent TFS association across non-IPF ILD subtypes. Pathway analysis identified several molecular pathways shared with IPF, along with three pathways unique to non-IPF ILD. We identified and validated novel prognostic protein biomarkers in non-IPF ILD, most of which showed consistent association across non-IPF ILD subtypes. While most biomarkers and molecular pathways identified were previously linked to IPF, several were unique to non-IPF ILD, suggesting that unique biology may contribute to progressive non-IPF ILD.
Ad-SGE-DKK3 Gene Therapy Overcomes Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Pleural Mesothelioma
Authors: Hee-Jin Jang, Meera Patel, Daniel Y. Wang, Sung Wook Kang, Jong Min Choi, Claire Lee, Monica Vilchis, Ji Seon Shim, Sonali Mitra, Priyanka Ranchod, Allen Kuncheria, William Hudson, Peter Jindra, Veronica Lenge De Rosen, Maheshwari Ramineni, Ernest Ramsay. Camp, Farrah Kheradmand, R. Taylor Ripley, Shawn S. Groth, Hyun-Sung Lee, Bryan M. Burt
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2025)

Abstract Purpose: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have limited efficacy in pleural mesothelioma. We investigated the role of Dickkopf WNT Signaling Pathway Inhibitor 3 (DKK3) in overcoming treatment resistance. Experimental Design: We performed preclinical studies to elucidate DKK3’s role in ICI-resistant mouse mesothelioma. Based on these findings, we conducted a single-arm, phase II clinical trial of a combination of Ad-SGE-DKK3 and nivolumab for chemotherapy-refractory epithelioid pleural mesothelioma, with objective response rate (ORR) as the primary outcome. Results: DKK3 was significantly reduced in human epithelioid mesothelioma. Overexpression of DKK3 in cancer cells activated the p53 pathway, enhanced glycolysis, increased surface PD-L1, and reduced extracellular vesicle secretion and Colony Stimulating Factor 1 (CSF1). DKK3 sensitized the tumor-immune microenvironment to ICIs and enabled eradication of tumors by PD-1 blockade. In our trial, twelve patients received intratumoral Ad-SGE-DKK3 plus intravenous nivolumab. ORR was 16.6% and 41.7% had stable disease, for a 58.3% rate of durable clinical response (DCB). Median overall survival was 14.5 months, and median progression-free survival was 4.5 months. Grade 3 adverse events occurred in 41.7% of patients. Serial tumor biopsies and serum analyses revealed that DCB patients had increased tumor-infiltrating bulk and effector memory CD8 T cells, reduced circulating memory CD8 T cells, and sustained lower soluble mesothelin and CSF1 levels compared to progressors. Conclusions: Combination Ad-SGE-DKK3 plus nivolumab demonstrated a tolerable safety profile and potential efficacy in patients with chemotherapy-refractory epithelioid pleural mesothelioma. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04013334.
Emerging strategies of cell and gene therapy targeting tumor immune microenvironment
Authors: Runtian Wang, Xiaorui Duan, Jian Li, Cheng Zhang, Lin Shen
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2025)

Abstract Immunotherapy has profoundly transformed the landscape of cancer treatment, and offered therapeutic opportunities to reverse the immunosuppressive microenvironment. However, the intra-tumoral heterogeneity (ITH) and the evolution towards immune evasion present significant challenges that demand innovative solutions beyond immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). In this context, cell and gene therapy (CGT) emerges as a promising frontier in the new-immunotherapy era with their remarkable flexibility, diversity, and compatibility. In this review, we began with a foundational overview of the classification of CGT in treating solid tumors, and explored how it targets the crosstalk between cancer cells and the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) from cellular and molecular perspectives. CGT not only remodels the local TIME but also has long-term effects on systemic immune response. Furthermore, this review summarized current challenges and strategic approaches, drawing on insights gained from clinical practice. By bridging mechanistic research with clinical insights, this review underscored the positive feedback from research bench to clinical scenarios. More importantly, we propose that the development of CGT marks the evolution of cancer treatment paradigm: from targeting tumor tissues alone to restoring the disrupted cancer-immune balance as a whole.
Quantification of 16 Metals in Fluids and Aerosols from Ultrasonic Pod-Style Cigarettes and Comparison to Electronic Cigarettes
Authors: Esther Omaiye, Prue Talbot
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2025)

Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) liquids and aerosols contain metals, which can be detrimental to human health. Recently marketed ultrasonic cigarettes (u-cigarettes) claim to be less harmful than e-cigarettes that use heating coils. We quantified chemical elements/metals in multiple flavors of SURGE u-cigarettes, JUUL e-cigarettes, and "Other Brands" of pod-style e-cigarettes. Elements/metals were identified in atomizers of SURGE using a scanning electron microscope/energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer. Quantitation of elements/metals in fluids and aerosols from SURGE, JUUL and Other Brands was performed using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy. U-cigarettes contained a sonicator, unlike e-cigarettes which had heated coils. Sixteen elements were identified in at least one fluid or aerosol sample. Generally, u-cigarette fluids and aerosols had more elements/metals at higher concentrations than aerosols from 4th generation e-cigarettes. Element concentrations generally increased in fluids after vaping. All products, including SURGE, had silicon in their fluids and aerosols. Nickel, which was present in low concentrations in all fluids except KWIT Stick (up to 66,050 μg/mL), transferred to the aerosols with low efficiency. SURGE, but not e-cigarettes, also had copper and zinc in their fluids, but little transferred to their aerosols. SURGE fluids and aerosols, unlike e-cigarettes, had relatively high concentrations of arsenic and selenium. Arsenic and selenium, which are on the FDA's Harmful and Potentially Harmful List, likely came from poor quality solvents used to produce the e-liquids in SURGE pods and possibly from the sonicator, which heats during use. SURGE u-cigarettes produce aerosols with metals equivalent to heated coil-style e-cigarettes and had high levels of arsenic and selenium, which are a health concern. Regulations limiting arsenic and selenium in these products are needed, and routine surveillance to identify rogue products, such as Kwit Stick, that have abnormally high levels of nickel or other metals could protect human health. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP15648.