tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
10 years of The Lancet Psychiatry
Authors: None The Lancet Psychiatry
Journal: The Lancet Psychiatry (2024)

This issue marks the 10th anniversary of The Lancet Psychiatry. For researchers, clinicians, and people with lived experience of mental ill health, 10 years represents a significant amount of time for exploring treatment options and new therapeutic avenues. For a journal, 10 years represents time to build relationships, as well as a reputation. But in the grander picture of medical science, 10 years represents only a brief moment in time; a small step on a long path towards progress. To illuminate the way forward, it can be helpful to take stock of both the good and the bad.
Relative vaccine protection, disease severity, and symptoms associated with the SARS-CoV-2 omicron subvariant BA.2.86 and descendant JN.1 in Denmark: a nationwide observational study
Authors: Ida Rask Moustsen-Helms, Peter Bager, Tine Graakjær Larsen, Frederik Trier Møller, Lasse Skafte Vestergaard, Morten Rasmussen, Christian Holm Hansen
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2024)
Haemorrhagic stroke and brain vascular malformations in women: risk factors and clinical features
Authors: Mariam Ali, Ellis S van Etten, Saloua Akoudad, Joanna D Schaafsma, Marieke C Visser, Mahsoem Ali, Charlotte Cordonnier, Else Charlotte Sandset, Catharina J M Klijn, Ynte M Ruigrok, Marieke J H Wermer
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2024)
Climate change and disorders of the nervous system
Authors: Sanjay M Sisodiya, Medine I Gulcebi, Francesco Fortunato, James D Mills, Ethan Haynes, Elvira Bramon, Paul Chadwick, Olga Ciccarelli, Anthony S David, Kris De Meyer, Nick C Fox, Joanna Davan Wetton, Martin Koltzenburg, Dimitri M Kullmann, Manju A Kurian, Hadi Manji, Mark A Maslin, Manjit Matharu, Hugh Montgomery, Marina Romanello, David J Werring, Lisa Zhang, Karl J Friston, Michael G Hanna
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2024)
Mental health after the COVID-19 pandemic among Finnish youth: a repeated, cross-sectional, population-based study
Authors: Olli Kiviruusu, Klaus Ranta, Maija Lindgren, Henna Haravuori, Yasmina Silén, Sebastian Therman, Jukka Lehtonen, Laura Sares-Jäske, Terhi Aalto-Setälä, Mauri Marttunen, Jaana Suvisaari
Journal: The Lancet Psychiatry (2024)
SARS-CoV-2 infection as a cause of neurodegeneration
Authors: Daniel Bonhenry, Mirren Charnley, Jorge Gonçalves, Per Hammarström, Michael T Heneka, Ruth Itzhaki, Jean-Charles Lambert, Misbah Mannan, Abdul Mannan Baig, Jinte Middeldorp, Sofie Nyström, Nicholas P Reynolds, Maria Stefanatou, Joshua T Berryman
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2024)
Safety and efficacy of inebilizumab for the treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: end-of-study results from the open-label period of the N-MOmentum trial
Authors: Bruce A C Cree, Ho Jin Kim, Brian G Weinshenker, Sean J Pittock, Dean M Wingerchuk, Kazuo Fujihara, Friedemann Paul, Gary R Cutter, Romain Marignier, Ari J Green, Orhan Aktas, Hans-Peter Hartung, Dewei She, William Rees, Michael Smith, Daniel Cimbora, Eliezer Katz, Jeffrey L Bennett
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2024)
From the Editor’s Desk...
Authors: Patrizia Burra, Frank Tacke, Vlad Ratziu, Stefan Zeuzem, Bruno Sangro, Paolo Angeli
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2024)

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections are an increasing healthcare problem worldwide. Martin-Mateos and coworkers conducted a retrospective, multicentre cohort study including 960 liver transplant recipients across Spain and analysed risk factors related to pre-transplant disease, surgical procedure, and postoperative stay, to identify independent predictors of MDR bacterial infections within the first 90 days after transplant. Alcohol-related liver disease was the most prevalent underlying aetiology (43.2.%).
Vascular units as advanced living materials for bottom-up engineering of perfusable 3D microvascular networks
Authors: I.D. Orge, H. Nogueira Pinto, M.A. Silva, S.J. Bidarra, S.A. Ferreira, I. Calejo, R. Masereeuw, S.M. Mihăilă, C.C. Barrias
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2024)

The timely establishment of functional neo-vasculature is pivotal for successful tissue development and regeneration, remaining a central challenge in tissue engineering. In this study, we present a novel (micro)vascularization strategy that explores the use of specialized "vascular units" (VUs) as building blocks to initiate blood vessel formation and create perfusable, stroma-embedded 3D microvascular networks from the bottom-up. We demonstrate that VUs composed of endothelial progenitor cells and organ-specific fibroblasts exhibit high angiogenic potential when embedded in fibrin hydrogels. This leads to the formation of VUs-derived capillaries, which fuse with adjacent capillaries to form stable microvascular beds within a supportive, extracellular matrix-rich fibroblastic microenvironment. Using a custom-designed biomimetic fibrin-based vessel-on-chip (VoC), we show that VUs-derived capillaries can inosculate with endothelialized microfluidic channels in the VoC and become perfused. Moreover, VUs can establish capillary bridges between channels, extending the microvascular network throughout the entire device. When VUs and intestinal organoids (IOs) are combined within the VoC, the VUs-derived capillaries and the intestinal fibroblasts progressively reach and envelop the IOs. This promotes the formation of a supportive vascularized stroma around multiple IOs in a single device. These findings underscore the remarkable potential of VUs as building blocks for engineering microvascular networks, with versatile applications spanning from regenerative medicine to advanced in vitro models.
A biomimetic tri-phasic scaffold with spatiotemporal patterns of gastrodin to regulate hierarchical tissue-based vascular regeneration
Authors: Yingrui Hu, Limei Li, Qing Li, Shilin Pan, Guangli Feng, Xiaoqian Lan, Jianlin Jiao, Lianmei Zhong, Lin Sun
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2024)

Clinical use of small-diameter vascular grafts remains a challenging issue in neovessel regeneration in view of thrombosis and intimal hyperplasia. Developing a vascular graft with structure and function similar to those of the native vessels necessitates a major direction of vascular tissue regeneration. Thus, this study sought to design and fabricate a range of tri-phasic scaffolds (0, 2, and 5 wt% gastrodin-polyurethane (PU)) with spatiotemporally defined structure and gastrodin-release for regulating the highly coordinated processes in growth of the intima and media. While the small pores of inner layer guided infiltration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), the bigger pores of medial layer could offer smooth muscle cell (SMC)-friendly habitat, and external fibers conferred adequate mechanical properties. Correspondingly, spatial distribution and differential regulation of key proteins in HUVECs and SMCs were mediated by hierarchical release of gastrodin, of which rapid release in inner layer elicited enhanced HUVEC proliferation and migration against those of the SMC
Perioperative Nivolumab in Resectable Lung Cancer
Authors: Tina Cascone, Mark M Awad, Jonathan D Spicer, Jie He, Shun Lu, Boris Sepesi, Fumihiro Tanaka, Janis M Taube, Robin Cornelissen, Libor Havel, Nina Karaseva, Jaroslaw Kuzdzal, Lubos B Petruzelka, Lin Wu, Jean-Louis Pujol, Hiroyuki Ito, Tudor-Eliade Ciuleanu, Ludmila de Oliveira Muniz Koch, Annelies Janssens, Aurelia Alexandru, Sabine Bohnet, Fedor V Moiseyenko, Yang Gao, Yasutaka Watanabe, Cinthya Coronado Erdmann, Padma Sathyanarayana, Stephanie Meadows-Shropshire, Steven I Blum, Mariano Provencio Pulla
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2024)

Standard treatment with neoadjuvant nivolumab plus chemotherapy significantly improves outcomes in patients with resectable non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Perioperative treatment (i.e., neoadjuvant therapy followed by surgery and adjuvant therapy) with nivolumab may further improve clinical outcomes.
Reversing Oral Anticoagulation in Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Wade S Smith, J Claude Hemphill
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2024)

Intracerebral hemorrhage remains a challenging disorder to treat. Hematoma expansion is a recognized complication that worsens outcomes and is especially common in patients who are taking oral anticoagulant medications. With the shift in practice from vitamin K antagonists to direct-acting oral anticoagulants, especially factor Xa inhibitors such as apixaban and rivaroxaban, the need to identify the best strategy to reverse their effects has become compelling. Andexanet binds and sequesters factor Xa molecules, and in an open-label study of this agent in patients with acute major bleeding at any site, anti–factor Xa activity was reduced and good or excellent hemostatic efficacy . . .
Neoadjuvant or Perioperative Approach in Lung Cancer
Authors: Marina Chiara Garassino, Valter Torri
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2024)

Numerous treatment options are currently available to reduce the risk of recurrence in patients with early-stage resectable non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). These approaches include neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy, which have been shown to improve outcomes in patients undergoing surgery. Perioperative treatment (i.e., neoadjuvant therapy followed by surgery and adjuvant therapy) may further improve clinical outcomes. Two previous trials of adjuvant therapy have shown the benefit of immunotherapy after surgical resection. In the IMpower010 trial,1 atezolizumab had a disease-free survival benefit after adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with resected stage II to IIIA NSCLC, with more benefit in the subgroup of patients . . .
Case 15-2024: A 73-Year-Old Woman with Worsening Rash
Authors: Steven T Chen, Rory L Cochran, Salvia Jain, Anna M Stagner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2024)

A 73-year-old woman was transferred to the hospital because of rash, leukocytosis, and eosinophilia. CT revealed a mass in the lung and diffuse lymphadenopathy. A diagnosis was made.
Carbon-Footprint Analyses in RCTs — Toward Sustainable Clinical Practice
Authors: Lena B Nordberg, Heiko Pohl, Espen A Haavardsholm, Siri Lillegraven, Michael Bretthauer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2024)

Including carbon footprint as an end point in randomized, controlled trials could help clinicians, regulators, and policymakers understand the environmental effects of medical interventions.
Granular Biphasic Colloidal Hydrogels for 3D Bioprinting
Authors: Kaivalya A. Deo, Aparna Murali, James J. Tronolone, Cole Mandrona, Hung Pang Lee, Satyam Rajput, Sarah E. Hargett, Amirali Selahi, Yuxiang Sun, Daniel L. Alge, Abhishek Jain, Akhilesh K. Gaharwar
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Granular hydrogels composed of hydrogel microparticles are promising candidates for 3D bioprinting due to their ability to protect encapsulated cells. However, to achieve high print fidelity, hydrogel microparticles need to jam to exhibit shear-thinning characteristics, which is crucial for 3D printing. Unfortunately, this overpacking can significantly impact cell viability, thereby negating the primary advantage of using hydrogel microparticles to shield cells from shear forces. To overcome this challenge, a novel solution: a biphasic, granular colloidal bioink designed to optimize cell viability and printing fidelity is introduced. The biphasic ink consists of cell-laden polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogel microparticles embedded in a continuous gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA)-nanosilicate colloidal network. Here, it is demonstrated that this biphasic bioink offers outstanding rheological properties, print fidelity, and structural stability. Furthermore, its utility for engineering complex tissues with multiple cell types and heterogeneous microenvironments is demonstrated, by incorporating β-islet cells into the PEG microparticles and endothelial cells in the GelMA-nanosilicate colloidal network. Using this approach, it is possible to induce cell patterning, enhance vascularization, and direct cellular function. The proposed biphasic bioink holds significant potential for numerous emerging biomedical applications, including tissue engineering and disease modeling.
Toward an interventional science of recovery after coma
Authors: Nicholas D. Schiff
Journal: Neuron (2024)

Recovery of consciousness after coma remains one of the most challenging areas for accurate diagnosis and effective therapeutic engagement in the clinical neurosciences. Recovery depends on preservation of neuronal integrity and evolving changes in network function that re-establish environmental responsiveness. It typically occurs in defined steps: it begins with eye opening and unresponsiveness in a vegetative state, then limited recovery of responsiveness characterizes the minimally conscious state, and this is followed by recovery of reliable communication. This review considers several points for novel interventions, for example, in persons with cognitive motor dissociation in whom a hidden cognitive reserve is revealed. Circuit mechanisms underlying restoration of behavioral responsiveness and communication are discussed. An emerging theme is the possibility to rescue latent capacities in partially damaged human networks across time. These opportunities should be exploited for therapeutic engagement to achieve individualized solutions for restoration of communication and environmental interaction across varying levels of recovery.
Thalamic contributions to the state and contents of consciousness
Authors: Christopher J. Whyte, Michelle J. Redinbaugh, James M. Shine, Yuri B. Saalmann
Journal: Neuron (2024)

Consciousness can be conceptualized as varying along at least two dimensions: the global state of consciousness and the content of conscious experience. Here, we highlight the cellular and systems-level contributions of the thalamus to conscious state and then argue for thalamic contributions to conscious content, including the integrated, segregated, and continuous nature of our experience. We underscore vital, yet distinct roles for core- and matrix-type thalamic neurons. Through reciprocal interactions with deep-layer cortical neurons, matrix neurons support wakefulness and determine perceptual thresholds, whereas the cortical interactions of core neurons maintain content and enable perceptual constancy. We further propose that conscious integration, segregation, and continuity depend on the convergent nature of corticothalamic projections enabling dimensionality reduction, a thalamic reticular nucleus-mediated divisive normalization-like process, and sustained coherent activity in thalamocortical loops, respectively. Overall, we conclude that the thalamus plays a central topological role in brain structures controlling conscious experience.
Association of High-Density Lipoprotein Parameters and Risk of Heart Failure
Authors: Ambarish Pandey, Kershaw V. Patel, Matthew W. Segar, Michael D. Shapiro, Christie M. Ballantyne, Salim S. Virani, Vijay Nambi, Erin D. Michos, Michael J. Blaha, Khurram Nasir, Miguel Cainzos-Achirica, Colby R. Ayers, B. Daan Westenbrink, Jose L. Flores-Guerrero, Stephan J.L. Bakker, Margery A. Connelly, Robin P.F. Dullaart, Anand Rohatgi
Journal: JACC Heart Failure (2024)
Artificial Intelligence–Enabled Quantitative Coronary Plaque and Hemodynamic Analysis for Predicting Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Bon-Kwon Koo, Seokhun Yang, Jae Wook Jung, Jinlong Zhang, Keehwan Lee, Doyeon Hwang, Kyu-Sun Lee, Joon-Hyung Doh, Chang-Wook Nam, Tae Hyun Kim, Eun-Seok Shin, Eun Ju Chun, Su-Yeon Choi, Hyun Kuk Kim, Young Joon Hong, Hun-Jun Park, Song-Yi Kim, Mirza Husic, Jess Lambrechtsen, Jesper M Jensen, Bjarne L Nørgaard, Daniele Andreini, Pal Maurovich-Horvat, Bela Merkely, Martin Penicka, Bernard de Bruyne, Abdul Ihdayhid, Brian Ko, Georgios Tzimas, Jonathon Leipsic, Javier Sanz, Mark G Rabbat, Farhan Katchi, Moneal Shah, Nobuhiro Tanaka, Ryo Nakazato, Taku Asano, Mitsuyasu Terashima, Hiroaki Takashima, Tetsuya Amano, Yoshihiro Sobue, Hitoshi Matsuo, Hiromasa Otake, Takashi Kubo, Masahiro Takahata, Takashi Akasaka, Teruhito Kido, Teruhito Mochizuki, Hiroyoshi Yokoi, Taichi Okonogi, Tomohiro Kawasaki, Koichi Nakao, Tomohiro Sakamoto, Taishi Yonetsu, Tsunekazu Kakuta, Yohei Yamauchi, Jeroen J Bax, Leslee J Shaw, Peter H Stone, Jagat Narula
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2024)
Fillable Magnetic Microrobots for Drug Delivery to Cardiac Tissues In Vitro
Authors: Maggie S. Chen, Rujie Sun, Richard Wang, Yuyang Zuo, Kun Zhou, Junyoung Kim, Molly M. Stevens
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Abstract Many cardiac diseases, such as arrhythmia or cardiogenic shock, cause irregular beating patterns that must be regulated to prevent disease progression toward heart failure. Treatments can include invasive surgery or high systemic drug dosages, which lack precision, localization, and control. Drug delivery systems (DDSs) that can deliver cargo to the cardiac injury site could address these unmet clinical challenges. Here, a microrobotic DDS that can be mobilized to specific sites via magnetic control is presented. This DDS incorporates an internal chamber that can protect drug cargo. Furthermore, the DDS contains a tunable thermosensitive sealing layer that gradually degrades upon exposure to body temperature, enabling prolonged drug release. Once loaded with the small molecule drug norepinephrine, this microrobotic DDS modulated beating frequency in induced pluripotent stem‐cell derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC‐CMs) in a dose‐dependent manner, thus simulating drug delivery to cardiac cells in vitro. The DDS also navigates several maze‐like structures seeded with cardiomyocytes to demonstrate precise locomotion under a rotating low‐intensity magnetic field and on‐site drug delivery. This work demonstrates the utility of a magnetically actuating DDS for precise, localized, and controlled drug delivery which is of interest for a myriad of future opportunities such as in treating cardiac diseases.
Stanislas Dehaene
Authors: Stanislas Dehaene
Journal: Neuron (2024)

Stanislas Dehaene is a cognitive neuroscientist elucidating the biological mechanisms that give rise to human perception and cognition. In a conversation with <i>Neuron</i>, he talks about his ongoing interest in consciousness research, the role of theory in neuroscience, and his current work on education and the science of learning.
Intimate Care Products and Incidence of Hormone-Related Cancers: A Quantitative Bias Analysis
Authors: Katie M. O'Brien, Nicolas Wentzensen, Kemi Ogunsina, Clarice R. Weinberg, Aimee A. D'Aloisio, Jessie K. Edwards, Dale P. Sandler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2024)

PURPOSE Intimate care products may contain substances associated with increased risk of hormone-related cancers. The relationship between genital talc use and ovarian cancer, in particular, has been well studied, but concerns about recall bias and exposure misclassification have precluded conclusions. We examined the association between intimate care products and female hormone–related cancers, accounting for potential biases, using data from a US-based cohort study. METHODS The Sister Study enrolled 50,884 women who had a sister with breast cancer. Data on genital talc use and douching were collected at enrollment (2003-2009) and follow-up (2017-2019). We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for associations between intimate care product use and breast, ovarian, and uterine cancers. To account for potential exposure misclassification and recall bias, we conducted quantitative bias analyses under various exposure reassignment assumptions. RESULTS Across considered scenarios, 41%-64% of participants douched and 35%-56% used genital talc. In models adjusted for exposure misclassification, genital talc use was positively associated with ovarian cancer (HR range, 1.17-3.34) Frequent douching and douching during young adulthood were positively associated with ovarian cancer, but neither douching nor talc was associated with breast or uterine cancer. Differential reporting of talc use by cases and noncases likely produces positive biases, but correcting for error still resulted in HRs above 1.0. For example, HR, 1.40 (95% CI, 1.04 to 1.89) when 25% of exposed cases and 10% of unexposed noncases had talc status reassigned. CONCLUSION Although results show how differential recall would upwardly bias estimates, corrected results support a positive association between use of intimate care products, including genital talc, and ovarian cancer.
Neuronal population activity in the olivocerebellum encodes the frequency of essential tremor in mice and patients
Authors: Yi-Mei Wang, Chia-Wei Liu, Shun-Ying Chen, Liang-Yin Lu, Wen-Chuan Liu, Jia-Huei Wang, Chun-Lun Ni, Shi-Bing Wong, Ami Kumar, Jye-Chang Lee, Sheng-Han Kuo, Shun-Chi Wu, Ming-Kai Pan
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2024)

Essential tremor (ET) is the most prevalent movement disorder, characterized primarily by action tremor, an involuntary rhythmic movement with a specific frequency. However, the neuronal mechanism underlying the coding of tremor frequency remains unexplored. Here, we used in vivo electrophysiology, optogenetics, and simultaneous motion tracking in the Grid2 dupE3 mouse model to investigate whether and how neuronal activity in the olivocerebellum determines the frequency of essential tremor. We report that tremor frequency was encoded by the temporal coherence of population neuronal firing within the olivocerebellums of these mice, leading to frequency-dependent cerebellar oscillations and tremors. This mechanism was precise and generalizable, enabling us to use optogenetic stimulation of the deep cerebellar nuclei to induce frequency-specific tremors in wild-type mice or alter tremor frequencies in tremor mice. In patients with ET, we showed that deep brain stimulation of the thalamus suppressed tremor symptoms but did not eliminate cerebellar oscillations measured by electroencephalgraphy, indicating that tremor-related oscillations in the cerebellum do not require the reciprocal interactions with the thalamus. Frequency-disrupting transcranial alternating current stimulation of the cerebellum could suppress tremor amplitudes, confirming the frequency modulatory role of the cerebellum in patients with ET. These findings offer a neurodynamic basis for the frequency-dependent stimulation of the cerebellum to treat essential tremor.