tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Characteristics, management and outcome of Herpes Simplex and Varicella-Zoster virus encephalitis: a multicentre prospective cohort study
Authors: Léa Poussier, Alexandra Mailles, Pierre Tattevin, Jean-Paul Stahl, Pierre Fillâtre, Sophie Abgrall, Laurent Argaud, Xavier Argemi, Nathalie Asseray, Guillaume Baille, Aurélie Baldolli, Julien Biberon, Charlotte Biron, Geneviève Blanchet-Fourcade, Mathieu Blot, Anne Bonnetain, Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers, Frédéric Bourdain, David Boutoille, Hélène Brasme, Cédric Bruel, Fabrice Bruneel, Rodolphe Buzele, Etienne Canouï, Philippe Casenave, Bernard Castan, Charles Cazanave, Céline Cazorla, Thibault Challan-Belval, Pascal Chavanet, Catherine Chirouze, Tomasz Chroboczek, Johan Courjon, Thomas De Broucker, Arnaud De La Blanchardière, Etienne de Montmollin, Thècle Degroote, Marine Delaroche, Eric Denes, Colin Deschanvres, Capucine Diard-Detoeuf, Aurélien Dinh, Olivier Epaulard, Pierre Fillatre, Emmanuel Forestier, Thibault Fraisse, Marie Froidure, Benjamin Gaborit, Amandine Gagneux-Brunon, Nicolas Gaillard, Arnaud Galbois, Mathieu Godement, François Goehringer, Simon Gravier, Valentin Greigert, Isabelle Gueit, Thomas Guimard, Carole Henry, Maxime Hentzien, Jean-Etienne Herbrecht, Pierre Jaquet, Fanny Jommier, Lydie Katchatourian, Solene Kerneis, Jessica Krause, Manuela Le Cam, Marion Le Maréchal, Gwenael Le Moal, Paul Le Turnier, Raphael Lecomte, Anne-Sophie Lecompte, Romain Lefaucheur, Stéphanie Lejeune, Xavier Lescure, Olivier Lesieur, Philippe Lesprit, Guillaume Louis, Christelle Lucas, Rafael Mahieu, Alain Makinson, Guillaune Marc, Alexandre Maria, Nathalie Marin, Aurélie Martin, Guillaume Martin-Blondel, Martin Martinot, Alexandre Mas, Philippe Mateu, Morgan Matt, Laurence Maulin, Frédéric Mechai, Jean-Paul Mira, Eugénie Mutez, Jérémie Orain, Anne Schieber-Pachart, Nathalie Pansu, Solene Patrat-Delon, Patricia Pavese, Hélène Pelerin, Véronique Pelonde-Erimée, Isabelle Pierre, Diane Ponscarme, Dimitri Psimaras, Mathilde Puges, Mathilde Reveillon-Istin, Sylvain Rheims, Aurélie Richard-Mornas, Agnès Riché, Vincent Roubeau, Yvon Ruch, Isabelle Runge, Hélène Savini, Romain Sonneville, Jean-Paul Stahl, Pierre Tattevin, Kelly Tiercelet, Saber Touati, Jean-Marie Turmel, Isabelle Tyvaert, Marc-Olivier Vareil, Magalie Vidal-Roux, Virginie Vitrat, Heidi Wille, Mathieu Zuber, Emmanuel Canet, Jean Reignier, Adrien Wang, Gautier Julien, Laurent Almoyna-Martinez, Olivier Bouchaud, Thomas de Broucker, Fabrice Bruneel, Bernard Castan, Eric Denes, Olivier Epaulard, Nadine Girard, Jean-Louis Herrmann, Jérome Honnorat, Alexandra Mailles, Patrice Morand, François Raffi, France Roblot, Jean-Paul Stahl, Romain Sonneville, Pierre Tattevin
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2024)
Genome-Wide CRISPR Screen Identifies Phospholipid Scramblase 3 as the Biological Target of Mitoprotective Drug SS-31
Authors: Josie A. Silvaroli, Bijay Bisunke, Ji Young Kim, Amanda Stayton, Laura A. Jayne, Shirely A. Martinez, Christopher Nguyen, Prisha S. Patel, Thitinee Vanichapol, Vivek Verma, Juheb Akhter, Subhashini Bolisetty, Sethu M. Madhavan, Cem Kuscu, Christopher C. Coss, Diana Zepeda-Orozco, Samir V. Parikh, Anjali A. Satoskar, Alan J. Davidson, James D. Eason, Hazel H. Szeto, Navjot S. Pabla, Amandeep Bajwa
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2024)

Key Points Szeto–Schiller-31–mediated mitoprotection is phospholipid scramblase 3–dependent. Phospholipid scramblase 3 is required for recovery after AKI. Background The synthetic tetrapeptide Szeto–Schiller (SS)-31 shows promise in alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction associated with common diseases. However, the precise pharmacological basis of its mitoprotective effects remains unknown. Methods To uncover the biological targets of SS-31, we performed a genome-scale clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats screen in human kidney-2, a cell culture model where SS-31 mitigates cisplatin-associated cell death and mitochondrial dysfunction. The identified hit candidate gene was functionally validated using knockout cell lines, small interfering RNA-mediated downregulation, and tubular epithelial–specific conditional knockout mice. Biochemical interaction studies were also performed to examine the interaction of SS-31 with the identified target protein. Results Our primary screen and validation studies in hexokinase 2 and primary murine tubular epithelial cells showed that phospholipid scramblase 3 (PLSCR3), an understudied inner mitochondrial membrane protein, was essential for the protective effects of SS-31. For in vivo validation, we generated tubular epithelial–specific knockout mice and found that Plscr3 gene ablation did not influence kidney function under normal conditions or affect the severity of cisplatin and rhabdomyolysis-associated AKI. However, Plscr3 gene deletion completely abrogated the protective effects of SS-31 during cisplatin and rhabdomyolysis-associated AKI. Biochemical studies showed that SS-31 directly binds to a previously uncharacterized N -terminal domain and stimulates PLSCR3 scramblase activity. Finally, PLSCR3 protein expression was found to be increased in the kidneys of patients with AKI. Conclusions PLSCR3 was identified as the essential biological target that facilitated the mitoprotective effects of SS-31 in vitro and in vivo .
Sodium Intake and Cause-Specific Mortality Among Predominantly Low-Income Black and White US Residents
Authors: Hyung-Suk Yoon, Qiuyin Cai, Jae Jeong Yang, Loren Lipworth, Hui Cai, Danxia Yu, Mark D. Steinwandel, Deepak K. Gupta, William J. Blot, Wei Zheng, Xiao-Ou Shu
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

IMPORTANCE Epidemiologic evidence regarding the outcomes of dietary sodium intake on mortality remains limited for low-income individuals, particularly Black people. OBJECTIVE To investigate the associations of excessive dietary sodium with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among predominantly low-income Black and White Americans. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This cohort study included participants aged 40 to 79 years from the Southern Community Cohort Study who were recruited at Community Health Centers in 12 southeastern states from 2002 to 2009. Analyses were conducted between March 2022 and June 2023. EXPOSURES Dietary sodium intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire at baseline. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Multivariable-adjusted Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for mortality outcomes (all-cause, cardiovascular disease [CVD], coronary heart disease [CHD], stroke, heart failure, cancer, and other) associated with sodium intake. Nonlinear associations and population-attributable risk (PAR) of the mortality burden associated with excess sodium were further assessed. RESULTS Among the 64 329 participants, 46 185 (71.8%) were Black, 18 144 (28.2%) were White, and 39 155 (60.9%) were female. The mean (SD) age at study enrollment was 51.3 (8.6) years for Black participants and 53.3 (9.3) years for White counterparts. Mean (SD) dietary sodium intake was 4512 (2632) mg/d in Black individuals and 4041 (2227) mg/d in White individuals; 37 482 Black individuals (81.2%) and 14 431 White individuals (79.5%) exceeded the current dietary recommendations of 2300 mg/d. During a median (IQR) follow-up of 13.8 (11.3-15.8) years, 17 811 deaths were documented, including 5701 from CVD. After adjustment for potential confounders, in Black individuals, HRs per 1000-mg increase in daily sodium intake were 1.07 (95% CI, 1.03-1.10) and 1.08 (95% CI, 1.02-1.14) for deaths from total CVD and CHD, respectively; while in White individuals, the corresponding HRs were 1.08 (95% CI, 1.02-1.14) and 1.13 (95% CI, 1.03-1.23). No significant associations were found for cancer mortality. PAR estimates suggest that sodium intake above the recommended threshold may account for 10% of total CVD, 13% of CHD, and 30% of heart failure deaths in this low-income southern population. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this cohort study of 64 329 low-income Americans, nearly 80% of study participants consumed sodium exceeding the current recommended daily amount, which was associated with 10% to 30% of CVD mortality. Public health programs targeted to reduce sodium intake among this underserved population may be beneficial.
Review of Painful Foot and Ankle Conditions
Authors: Tim Kambič, Vedran Hadžić, Karim M. Khan
Journal: JAMA (2024)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Unlocking the Pancreatic Cancer Puzzle: Using Intermediate Cells to Target Treatment
Authors: Erika Y. Faraoni, Florencia McAllister
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2024)

KRT17-high intermediate cell population with elevated CXCL8 expression informed elevated myeloid infiltration status in tumors and associated with protumorigenic signatures in peripheral granulocytes from patients with pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, CXCL8 plasma levels were found to resemble KRT17+/CXCL8+ abundance in tumors, in which higher levels predicted worse patient outcomes. See related article by Carpenter et al., p. 2497.
Clinical Guidelines on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Lance Spacek
Journal: JAMA (2024)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Review of Painful Foot and Ankle Conditions—Reply
Authors: Minton Truitt Cooper
Journal: JAMA (2024)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Ultrasonographic Fetal Nuchal Translucency Measurements and Cytogenetic Outcomes
Authors: Kara Bellai-Dussault, Shelley D. Dougan, Deshayne B. Fell, Julian Little, Lynn Meng, Nan Okun, Mark C. Walker, Christine M. Armour, Beth K. Potter
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

Importance Ultrasonographic measurement of fetal nuchal translucency is used in prenatal screening for trisomies 21 and 18 and other conditions. A cutoff of 3.5 mm or greater is commonly used to offer follow-up investigations, such as prenatal cell-free DNA (cfDNA) screening or cytogenetic testing. Recent studies showed a possible association with chromosomal anomalies for levels less than 3.5 mm, but extant evidence has limitations. Objective To evaluate the association between different nuchal translucency measurements and cytogenetic outcomes on a population level. Design, Setting, and Participants This population-based retrospective cohort study used data from the Better Outcomes Registry &amp;amp;amp; Network, the perinatal registry for Ontario, Canada. All singleton pregnancies with an estimated date of delivery from September 1, 2016, to March 31, 2021, were included. Data were analyzed from March 17 to August 14, 2023. Exposures Nuchal translucency measurements were identified through multiple-marker screening results. Main Outcomes and Measures Chromosomal anomalies were identified through all Ontario laboratory-generated prenatal and postnatal cytogenetic tests. Cytogenetic testing results, supplemented with information from cfDNA screening and clinical examination at birth, were used to identify pregnancies without chromosomal anomalies. Multivariable modified Poisson regression with robust variance estimation and adjustment for gestational age was used to compare cytogenetic outcomes for pregnancies with varying nuchal translucency measurement categories and a reference group with nuchal translucency less than 2.0 mm. Results Of 414 268 pregnancies included in the study (mean [SD] maternal age at estimated delivery date, 31.5 [4.7] years), 359 807 (86.9%) had a nuchal translucency less than 2.0 mm; the prevalence of chromosomal anomalies in this group was 0.5%. An increased risk of chromosomal anomalies was associated with increasing nuchal translucency measurements, with an adjusted risk ratio (ARR) of 20.33 (95% CI, 17.58-23.52) and adjusted risk difference (ARD) of 9.94% (95% CI, 8.49%-11.39%) for pregnancies with measurements of 3.0 to less than 3.5 mm. The ARR was 4.97 (95% CI, 3.45-7.17) and the ARD was 1.40% (95% CI, 0.77%-2.04%) when restricted to chromosomal anomalies beyond the commonly screened aneuploidies (excluding trisomies 21, 18, and 13 and sex chromosome aneuploidies). Conclusions and Relevance In this cohort study of 414 268 singleton pregnancies, those with nuchal translucency measurements less than 2.0 mm were at the lowest risk of chromosomal anomalies. Risk increased with increasing measurements, including measurements less than 3.5 mm and anomalies not routinely screened by many prenatal genetic screening programs.
Food Insecurity Prevalence and Risk Factors at a Large Academic Medical Center in Michigan
Authors: Cindy W. Leung, Minal R. Patel, Markell Miller, Eileen Spring, Zixi Wang, Julia A. Wolfson, Alicia J. Cohen, Michele Heisler, Wei Hao
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

Health care systems are increasingly adopting methods to screen for and integrate food insecurity and other social risk factors into electronic health records. However, there remain knowledge gaps regarding the cumulative burden of food insecurity in large clinical settings, which patients are most at risk, and the extent to which patients are interested in social assistance through their health care system. To evaluate the 5-year prevalence and associated risk factors of food insecurity among adult primary care patients, and to examine factors associated with patients' interest in social assistance among those with food insecurity. This cross-sectional analysis of a retrospective cohort study took place at a tertiary care academic medical center (encompassing 20 primary care clinics) in Michigan. Participants included adult patients who completed screening for social risk factors between August 1, 2017, and August 1, 2022. Data analysis was performed from November 2022 to June 2023. Food insecurity was assessed using the Hunger Vital Sign. The primary outcome was patients' interest in social assistance, and associated factors were examined using multivariate logistic regression models, adjusting for patients' demographic and health characteristics. Over the 5-year period, 106 087 adult primary care patients (mean [SD] age, 52.9 [17.9] years; 61 343 women [57.8%]) completed the standardized social risk factors questionnaire and were included in the analysis. The overall prevalence of food insecurity was 4.2% (4498 patients), with monthly trends ranging from 1.5% (70 positive screens) in August 2018 to 5.0% (193 positive screens) in June 2022. Food insecurity was significantly higher among patients who were younger, female, non-Hispanic Black or Hispanic, unmarried or unpartnered, and with public health insurance. Food insecurity was significantly associated with a higher cumulative burden of social needs, including social isolation, medical care insecurity, medication nonadherence, housing instability, and lack of transportation. Only 20.6% of patients with food insecurity (927 patients) expressed interest in social assistance. Factors associated with interest in social assistance including being non-Hispanic Black, unmarried or unpartnered, a current smoker, and having a higher burden of other social needs. In this retrospective cohort study, the overall prevalence of food insecurity was 4.2%, of whom approximately 1 in 5 patients with food insecurity expressed interest in assistance. This study highlights ongoing challenges in ensuring all patients complete routine social determinants of health screening and gaps in patients' interest in assistance for food insecurity and other social needs through their health care system.
Clinical Guidelines on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease—Reply
Authors: Peggy B. Leung, Andrew M. Davis, Sonal Kumar
Journal: JAMA (2024)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Accuracy of Diagnosing Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia
Authors: Emil List Larsen, Henning Nilius, Jan-Dirk Studt, Dimitrios A. Tsakiris, Andreas Greinacher, Adriana Mendez, Adrian Schmidt, Walter A. Wuillemin, Bernhard Gerber, Prakash Vishnu, Lukas Graf, Johanna A. Kremer Hovinga, Jens P. Goetze, Tamam Bakchoul, Michael Nagler
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

Importance Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a life-threatening condition that requires urgent diagnostic clarification. However, knowledge of the diagnostic utility of the recommended diagnostic tests is limited in clinical practice. Objective To evaluate the current diagnostic practice for managing the suspicion of HIT. Design, Setting, and Participants This prospective diagnostic study was conducted from January 2018 to May 2021 among consecutive patients with suspected HIT from 11 study centers in Switzerland, Germany, and the United States. Detailed clinical data and laboratory information were recorded. Platelet factor 4/heparin antibodies were quantified using an automated chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA). A washed-platelet heparin-induced platelet activation (HIPA) test was used as a reference standard to define HIT. Exposures Suspicion of HIT. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was the diagnostic accuracy of the 4Ts score, the CLIA, and the recommended algorithm serially combining both tests. Results Of 1448 patients included between 2018 and 2021, 1318 were available for the current analysis (median [IQR] age, 67 [57-75] years; 849 [64.6%] male). HIPA was positive in 111 patients (prevalence, 8.4%). The most frequent setting was intensive care unit (487 [37.0%]) or cardiovascular surgery (434 [33.0%]). The 4Ts score was low risk in 625 patients (46.8%). By 2 × 2 table, the numbers of patients with false-negative results were 10 (9.0%; 4Ts score), 5 (4.5%; CLIA), and 15 (13.5%; recommended diagnostic algorithm). The numbers of patients with false-positive results were 592 (49.0%; 4Ts score), 73 (6.0%; CLIA), and 50 (4.1%; recommended diagnostic algorithm), respectively. Conclusions and Relevance In this diagnostic study of patients suspected of having HIT, when the recommended diagnostic algorithm was used in clinical practice, antibody testing was required in half the patients. A substantial number of patients were, however, still misclassified, which could lead to delayed diagnosis or overtreatment. Development of improved diagnostic algorithms for HIT diagnosis should be pursued.