tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Enhanced suppression of cortisol following dexamethasone administration in posttraumatic stress disorder
Authors: R Yehuda, S M Southwick, J H Krystal, D Bremner, D S Charney, J W Mason
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1993)

The authors investigated the possibility of enhanced negative feedback sensitivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) by using a low dose of dexamethasone.Baseline blood samples were obtained at 8:00 a.m., and 0.5 mg of dexamethasone was administered to 21 male patients with PTSD and 12 normal age-comparable men at 11:00 p.m. Cortisol and dexamethasone levels were measured 9 and 17 hours after dexamethasone administration.After correction for differences in dexamethasone levels, the PTSD patients showed greater suppression of cortisol in response to dexamethasone than did the normal subjects. This was true even in patients meeting concurrent diagnostic criteria for major depression.The data support earlier studies showing that HPA abnormalities in PTSD are different from those seen in depression and suggest that the low-dose dexamethasone suppression test may be a potentially useful tool for differentiating the two syndromes and further exploring differences in their pathophysiology.
Abstract 2292: Torsional Deformation Delay: a Novel Echocardiographic Index of Left Ventricular Peak Rotation Sequence Between Basal and Apical Level.
Authors: Lukasz Chrzanowski, Barbara Uznanska, Michal Plewka, Piotr Lipiec, Jaroslaw Drozdz, Maria Krzeminska-Pakula, Jaroslaw D Kasprzak
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Purpose: left ventricular (LV) torsion (TOR) results from oppositely directed rotation (ROT) at the basal (BAS) and apical (AP) level. Speckle Tracking Echocardiography (STE) allows TOR assessment, but little is known of LV ROT temporal distribution. The aim was to evaluate the sequence of BAS and AP level ROT and to identify associated echocardiographic parameters. Methods: 48 patients (PTS) were studied (mean age 54±13 years, 23 men). LV systolic function was normal in 23 PTS (LVEF 60% or more), and various degrees of dysfunction were present in 25 PTS (mean LVEF 40±10%). Digital short axis loops at BAS and AP level were analyzed using STE algorithm to measure ROT in degrees (°). After adjustment for heart rate, Torsional Deformation Delay (TDD) was calculated as the difference between the time from the onset of QRS complex to the peak average systolic ROT at BAS and AP level (figure ). Results: mean TOR, BAS ROT and AP ROT was 14.3±7.3°, −6.8±4.7° and 7.5±6.1° respectively. Mean TDD was 19±107 ms (range from −285 to 248 ms); negative TDD indicated shorter time to BAS peak ROT. No difference of mean TDD was found between PTS with normal and decreased LVEF. TDD outside the range of −28 ms to 28 ms, derived by ROC analysis, was shown to have 96% specificity in detecting PTS with LVEF &lt;60%. It was also associated with higher LV mass index as compared to TDD ranging from −28 to 28 ms (130 g/m2 vs 100 g/m2, p=0.025). Conclusions: a novel TDD index allows evaluation of LV ROT temporal distribution between BAS and AP level. TDD values outside the range of −28 ms to 28 ms are associated with decreased LVEF and presence of LV hypertrophy. Further studies are required to assess the role of TDD in cardiac imaging.
Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) Testing in Newly Diagnosed Multiple myeloma (MM) Patients: A Prospective Head-to-Head Assessment of Cell-Based, Molecular, and Molecular-Imaging Modalities
Authors: Neha Korde, Sham Mailankody, Mark Roschewski, Malek Faham, Chitra Kotwaliwale, Martin Moorhead, Mary L Kwok, Elisabet E. Manasanch, Manisha Bhutani, Nishant Tageja, Dickran Kazandjian, Rene Costello, Yong Zhang, Adriana Zingone, Debbie Burton, Marcia Mulquin, Ashley Carpenter, Diamond Zuchlinski, Elizabeth Lamping, George Carter, Candis Morrison, Karen Kurdziel, Maria Lindenberg, Roger Kurlander, Irina Maric, Katherine R. Calvo, Raul C Braylan, Constance Yuan, Maryalice Stetler-Stevenson, Diane C Arthur, Seth M. Steinberg, William D Figg, Peter Choyke, Ola Landgren
Journal: Blood (2014)
Abstract 11373: Short Term Vitamin D Treatment Inhibits the Increase in Inflammatory Cytokine and Adhesion Molecule Levels in Patients After a Coronary Event
Authors: Yoav Arnson, Haward Amital, Moris Mosseri
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Low vitamin D levels are associated with a higher prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and a higher risk of myocardial infarction. Vitamin D has immune modulating properties. In ...
Mammary-Tumor Incidence in Female C3Hb Mice Following Long-Continued Gamma Irradiation
Authors: Egon Lorenz, Allen B. Eschenbrenner, Walter E. Heston, Delta Uphoff
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1951)

Journal Article Mammary-Tumor Incidence in Female C3Hb Mice Following Long-Continued Gamma Irradiation Get access Egon Lorenz, Egon Lorenz Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Allen B. Eschenbrenner, Allen B. Eschenbrenner Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Walter E. Heston, Walter E. Heston Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Delta Uphoff Delta Uphoff National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, U. S. Public Health Service, Bethesda, Md., and Argonne National Laboratory, Chicago, Ill. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 11, Issue 5, April 1951, Pages 947–965, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/11.5.947 Published: 01 April 1951 Article history Received: 22 December 1950 Published: 01 April 1951
Abstract 1001: Short-term Treatment with DITPA, a Thyroid Hormone Analog, Improves Postischemic Coronary Flow and Cardiac Contractile Function in Hypertensive Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Knockout (eNOS-KO) Mice
Authors: M.A. Hassan Talukder, Yoshinori Nishijima, John D Bonagura, Anuradha Kalyanasundaram, Muthu Periasamy, Hiroaki Shimokawa, Jay L Zweier
Journal: Circulation (2007)

There is now growing evidence that acute or short-term treatment with thyroid hormone (TH) can improve postischemic cardiac function by direct, nongenomic effects. The effects of TH on cardiac cont...
Abstract 2531: Sirolimus-Eluting Stents Compared to Bare Metal Stents in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: Patient-Level Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials
Authors: Antoinette de Waha, Alban Dibra, Albert Schömig, Adnan Kastrati
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Although it is widely believed that patients with diabetes mellitus obtain the greatest benefit from sirolimus-eluting stent, the evidence on the efficacy and safety of stents of this nature is limited. We performed a meta-analysis based on individual patient data from 4 randomized trials (586 patients) comparing sirolimus-eluting with bare metal stents (mean follow-up interval between 12 and 24 months). The primary efficacy endpoint was the need of reintervention. The primary safety endpoint was all-cause mortality. Myocardial infarction and stent thrombosis rates were also evaluated. There was a significant reduction in the overall hazard of repeat revascularization (HR 0.21, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.13 to 0.33, P&lt;0.001) with the use of sirolimus-eluting stents. Conversely, the overall hazard of death (HR 1.25, 95% CI 0.53 to 2.97, P=0.61) was not significantly different for patients receiving sirolimus-eluting stents compared to bare metal stents. Similarly, the overall hazard of stent thrombosis (HR 0.49, 95% CI 0.10 to 2.31, P=0.37) and myocardial infarction (HR 0.69, 95% CI 0.36 to 1.31, P=0.26) were comparable among patients treated with sirolimus-eluting or bare metal stents. No evidence of heterogeneity was observed across the trials regarding all endpoints. Use of sirolimus-eluting stents in patients with coronary artery disease and diabetes mellitus is highly effective and safe.
Spanish Breast Cancer Research Group (GEICAM) population-based study on breast cancer outcomes: El Álamo project (1990–1997)
Authors: A. Ruiz, A. Lluch, M. Martín, B. Munárriz, A. Antón, E. Alba, P. Martínez Del Prado, A. Plazaola, A. Fernández-Aramburo, E. Mahillo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

585 Background: El Álamo project is a retrospective analysis of 15381 patients (pts) diagnosed of breast cancer (BC) between 1990 and 1997 across 43 of the main Spanish hospitals. Patterns of BC presentation, treatment and survival were analysed. Methods: Two cohorts were analysed: Álamo I (AI) consisted of 4532 pts diagnosed with BC between 1990 and 1993; data were collected by end of year (yr) 2000. Álamo II (AII) consisted of 10849 pts diagnosed between 1994 and 1997; data were collected by end of yr. 2003. 158 items per pt were recorded, including demographic, therapeutic and outcome data. Results: In AI project, 17.6% of pts presented with stage I disease, vs. 24.3% in AII. 55.5% of pts in AI had stage II disease vs. 53.1% in AII. 18.7% of pts in AI had stage III disease vs. 15% in AII. 7.2% of pts in AI presented with stage IV disease vs. 5.9 in AII. Median age at diagnosis was 57 yr (AI) vs. 58 yr (AII); 65.9% vs. 67.2% of pts were postmenopausal. Regarding first treatment (FT) for stage I, II & III disease, 91% of pts in both AI and AII underwent surgery. Breast conservative surgery rate has increased from 19.5% in AI to 24% in AII, (86.5% vs. 88% in tumours ≤ 3 cm). 8% both in AI and AII received neoadjuvant chemotherapy as FT. Adjuvant systemic treatments (chemo and/or hormones) were administered to 87.6% (AI) and 92.8% (AII) of operable patients. Radiation therapy was administered to 38.8% (AI) vs. 50.7% (AII). BC recurrence rate has diminished from 36.6% (AI) to 22.5% (AII). Nine-year survival rate has increased from 63.2% (CI95%; 61.5%–64.9%) in AI to 70.1% (CI95%; 68.5%–71.8%) in AII. Conclusions: BC outcomes in Spain seem to have improved from 1990–1993 to 1994–1997. The main reason for that improvement is likely to be the BC screening program implementation in Spain, although the impact of new therapies cannot be ruled out. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Concurrent chemoradiation for locally advanced cancer of the oral tongue and base of tongue
Authors: Y. Chen, K. J. Pandya, T. Smudzin, T. Doerr, S. Popat
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

17036 Background: Tongue cancer is rare, yet the treatment of oral and base of tongue cancer represents one of the most challenging tasks to oncologists due to the vital importance of organ preservation. For locally advanced tumors, surgery is often associated with the risk of debilitating impairment of speech and swallowing function, thus radiation has been the preferred treatment. Radiotherapy (RT) for locally advanced cancer of the oral tongue and tongue base has not been satisfactory, with a 5- year survival rate at only 20% to 40%. RT for tongue cancer is also challenged by the potential adverse effects from high dose radiation. As the treatment technology and approaches of head and neck tumors have evolved in the recent years, we report our treatment record of locally advanced tongue cancer treated in the modern era. Methods: The retrospective review was approved by institutional IRB. Our study endpoints are treatment characteristics, local tumor control, survival, preservation of swallowing function, speech, and incidence of soft tissue necrosis and osteoradionecrosis. 41 patients (pts) with locally advanced tongue cancer were treated by RT between 1996 and 2006. Median age was 58; 35/41 were male; 76% were smokers; 76% were drinkers. There were 9 stage III, 29 stage IVa and 3 stage IVb. 12 had some surgical treatment: 6 prior to RT and 6 post RT. 2/6 had positive lymph nodes post RT. Median follow-up is 32 months. All except 7 pts received concurrent chemoradiotherapy (chemoRT). Most pts except 6 had received hyperfractionated (BID) radiation treatment. Results: There were 10 recurrences. 4 pts developed 2nd primaries. Kaplan-Meier survival estimate at 5 years was 66% for pts received chemoRT, 27% for pts received RT only, and 59% for all pts. Disease-free survival at 5 years was 82% for pts received chemoRT, 21% for pts received RT only, (p=0.01 chemoRT vs RT) and 70% for all pts. PEG dependence rate declines with time. 9/41 were PEG-dependent after 9 months. All other late toxicity and functional assessment are being analyzed. Conclusions: The treatment outcome for locally advanced tongue cancer using combination chemoRT (mostly BID-RT) has resulted in much better survival and disease-free survival when compared with historical reports. PEG dependence rate continues to decline with time. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Locomotor milestones and babywalkers
Authors: F. E Gardner
Journal: BMJ (2002)

# Potential confounding factors were not measured {#article-title-2} See editorial by Taylor EDITOR—Garrett et al in their study of babywalkers provide some striking evidence of an association between use of walkers and delay in reaching motor milestones.1 The interpretation they give, that baby walkers cause motor delay, is very plausible. But it is also plausible that use of babywalkers is associated with factors such as lower educational level and social class of the parents, which are associated with rate of development. These variables could easily have been measured in a survey such as this and taken into account in the analysis. There may be a tendency for babywalkers to be used more often to “mind” toddlers under more stressful or understimulating circumstances, and this could serve as a possible mechanism explaining the apparent relation between dose and response found between use of babywalkers and motor delay. Perhaps the authors' interpretation is more plausible still, but public good would be better served by checking out alternative explanations before making policy. 1. 1.↵1. Garrett M, 2. McElroy AM, 3. Staines A .Locomotor milestones and babywalkers: cross sectional study.BMJ 2002;324: 1494. (22 June.) [OpenUrl][1][FREE Full Text][2] # Infants using babywalkers are not developmentally delayed {#article-title-4} EDITOR—Garrett et al in their … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DBMJ%26rft.stitle%253DBMJ%26rft.issn%253D0007-1447%26rft.aulast%253DGarrett%26rft.auinit1%253DM%26rft.volume%253D324%26rft.issue%253D7352%26rft.spage%253D1494%26rft.epage%253D1494%26rft.atitle%253DLocomotor%2Bmilestones%2Band%2Bbabywalkers%253A%2Bcross%2Bsectional%2Bstudy%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1136%252Fbmj.324.7352.1494%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F12077035%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/ijlink?linkType=FULL&journalCode=bmj&resid=324/7352/1494&atom=%2Fbmj%2F325%2F7365%2F657.2.atom
Short versus long hospitalization: a prospective controlled study. II. Results for schizophrenic inpatients
Authors: Glick Id, Hargreaves Wa, Raskin M, Kutner Sj
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1975)

The authors compared treatment results for 141 schizophrenic patients randomly assigned to short-term or long-term hospitalization. The patients received intensive treatment and were on partially fixed drug dosage schedules. Test results indicated that the short-term group was functioning better at four weeks. However, at discharge (21 to 28 days for short-term patients; 90 to 120 days for long-term) the long-term group showed significantly better functioning. There were no significant differences between the groups on symptomatology at discharge. The authors discuss the implications of these findings for decisions regarding length and type of hospitalization for schizophrenic patients.
Abstract 5007: Variability in the Response to Aspirin
Authors: Tilo Grosser, Susanne Fries, John Lawson, Garret FitzGerald
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Low dose aspirin is efficacious in the secondary prevention of stroke and myocardial infarction. It has been suggested that a syndrome of “aspirin resistance” constrains its efficacy. Despite this concern, no clear definition of aspirin resistance or a segregation of its elements has emerged and estimates of its frequency have varied up to 50% of aspirin users. We aimed to determine the incidence of an internally consistent, stable and specific “aspirin resistant” phenotype. Healthy volunteers (n=314; targeted enrollment n=400) were screened for their platelet aggregation response before and 4 or 8 hours after a single oral dose of 325 mg enteric coated aspirin testing four stimuli of platelet activation including arachidonic acid (AA). Individuals who showed a less than 60% inhibition upon AA stimulation underwent repeat testing. Individuals who failed to respond to aspirin twice were exposed to low dose aspirin (81 mg) and clopidogrel (75 mg) for one week each in a cross over design. Inhibition of the cyclooxygenases was assessed in ex vivo whole blood assays and by mass spectrometric quantitation of urinary prostaglandin metabolites. On the first occasion, 102 (32.5%) subjects responded with a reduction of the AA induced aggregation by less than 60%. However, only 23 subjects (7.3%) remained non-responsive when aspirin was added to the assay in vitro. Six individuals (1.9%) remained non-responsive when tested a second time. Currently, only one individual remains non-responsive upon exposure to low dose aspirin (81 mg daily for one week) on the third replicate measurement. There was a striking inverse relationship between “exposure” and “non-responsiveness”: Both, prolonging the post dosing interval and adding increasing concentrations of aspirin in vitro reduced the number of non-responsive individuals. Variable pharmacokinetics caused a high frequency of apparent non-responsiveness to a single dose of 325 mg enteric coated aspirin. The majority of individuals responded to aspirin upon repeated exposure, extension the post dosing interval or addition of aspirin in vitro. The incidence of internally consistent, stable and specific “aspirin resistance” - which might be explained by genetic causes - is lower than 1% in healthy individuals.
Abstract 17014: Prevalence and Predictors of Coronary Artery Disease in Adults With Kawasaki Disease
Authors: Jalaj Garg, Parasuram Krishnamoorthy, Chandrasekar Palaniswamy, Marjan Mujib, Rajiv Paudel, Martin B Cohen, Linda Cuomo, Hasan Ahmad, William H Frishman
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) also known as mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome is a common self-limiting vasculitis of childhood. Self-limiting nature of the disease make those suffered in child...
Cadmium Uptake and Metabolism in Cultured Cells
Authors: Anne Glennas, Hans Erik Rugstad
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1984)

Cultured cells have been made resistant to otherwise lethal concentrations of the toxic Cd ion, probably by induction of metallothionein (MT) synthesis and binding of Cd to the MT.One human epithelial cell line (HE) and two enzyme-deficient mutants of mouse fibroblasts (Lcells) (Cl 1D and A9) and their Cd-resistant substrains with a high content of MT, have been used to study cellular Cd uptake and metabolism.For cell survival of "wild type" cells, the critical level of intracellular Cd is determined to be around 6 nmole Cd/mg cell protein.Resistant cells can tolerate Cd levels several times above this concentration, if the major part of Cd is bound to MT.The technique of perturbed angular correlation spectroscopy (PAC) has been applied to living Cd-resistant cells.It was shown that > 66% of Cd in the resistant strains was bound to MT, and that MT is apparently freely suspended in the cell cytoplasm.Chelating agents differ in toxicity and Cd-releasing effect on the cells, but apparently remove the non-MT-bound Cd pool.After various periods of Cd omission, either in vitro or in vivo, growing the cells as tumors in athymic nude mice, the stability of Cd resistance in these cells seems to be dependent on the capacity of cells for de novo synthesis of MT shortly after re-exposure to the metal.
Abstract 373: A Novel Haplotype In The G(alpha)s Gene Alters Gene Expression And Responsiveness To Receptor Stimulation And Predicts Cardiac Performance In Humans
Authors: Ulrich H Frey, Kirsten Leineweber, Michael Adamzik, Eva Kottenberg-Assenmacher, Heinz Jakob, Winfried Siffert, Juergen Peters
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Transgenic mice with cardiac Gαs overexpression exhibit enhanced inotropic and chronotropic responses to sympathetic stimulation, but develop cardiomyopathy with age. In contrast, chronic beta-adrenergic receptor blockade (beta-AR) mitigates cardiac dilation and depressed left ventricular function in these models. We tested the hypothesis that naturally occurring variants in regulatory regions of the human gene GNAS encoding Gαs result in altered Gαs expression and signal transduction properties in humans. Methods and results: Sequencing the promoter and intron 1 of GNAS revealed 11 single nucleotide polymorphisms resulting in three common haplotypes. In reporter assays haplotype *3 constructs exhibited significantly higher promoter activity compared to haplotype *1 and *2 constructs. In hearts from 54 patients under chronic beta-AR blockade scheduled for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) Gαs mRNA expression was more than 50% higher in homozygous *3 carriers (*3/*3) than in heterozygous (*3/−) and negative *3 (−/−) carriers (Gαs/Actin, 0.16±0.06 vs. 0.10±0.03 vs. 0.09±0.04; p=0.002). Consistent with increased Gαs expression, functional studies showed that *3/*3 carriers had higher basal activities of adenylyl cyclase (AC, 32.4±12.9 vs. 29.1±7.9 vs. 25.5±5.3 pmol/min/mg; p=0.019) and maximal isoproterenol-stimulated activities were markedly higher for the *3/*3 compared to *3/− and −/− carriers (79.3±29.7 vs. 66.7±16.2 vs. 57.3±11.1 pmol/min/mg; p=0.002). Direct AC stimulation with Forskolin was unaffected by GNAS haplotypes. Hemodynamic measurements in 137 bypass patients under chronic beta-AR blockade revealed a higher cardiac index (2.2±0.2 vs. 1.9±0.1 vs. 1.8±0.1 l min-1 m-2; p=0.025) in *3/*3 carriers. This was also in line with a lower NYHA functional class (1.8±0.2 vs. 2.2±0.1 vs. 2.3±0.1; p=0.040) and NT-proBNP levels (339±87 vs. 746±110 vs. 1365±259 pg/ml; p=0.002). Summary: Increased Gαs expression due to a functional haplotype results in altered signal transduction properties and may have salutary effects on cardiac performance in CABG patients under chronic beta-AR blockade. Our data therefore could help to translate results from transgenic mice to genotype-phenotype correlations in humans.