tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ECMO and Prone Position in Patients With Severe ARDS—Reply
Authors: Matthieu Schmidt, David Hajage, Alain Combes
Journal: JAMA (2024)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Affiliation Bias in Peer Review of Abstracts
Authors: Robert J. Gallo, Thomas Savage, Jonathan H. Chen
Journal: JAMA (2024)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Conflict between Regulatory Agencies over the 20,000-Fold Lowering of the Tolerable Daily Intake (TDI) for Bisphenol A (BPA) by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)
Authors: Frederick S. vom Saal, Michael Antoniou, Scott M. Belcher, Ake Bergman, Ramji K. Bhandari, Linda S. Birnbaum, Aly Cohen, Terrence J. Collins, Barbara Demeneix, Anne Marie Fine, Jodi A. Flaws, Veronique Gayrard, William H. Goodson, Andrea C. Gore, Jerrold J. Heindel, Patricia A. Hunt, Taisen Iguchi, Christopher D. Kassotis, Andreas Kortenkamp, Robin Mesnage, Jane Muncke, John Peterson Myers, Angel Nadal, Retha R. Newbold, Vasantha Padmanabhan, Paola Palanza, Zandra Palma, Stefano Parmigiani, Lyn Patrick, Gail S. Prins, Cheryl S. Rosenfeld, Niels E. Skakkebaek, Carlos Sonnenschein, Ana M. Soto, Shanna H. Swan, Julia A. Taylor, Pierre-Louis Toutain, Frank A. von Hippel, Wade V. Welshons, Daniel Zalko, R. Thomas Zoeller
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2024)

The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) recommended lowering their estimated tolerable daily intake (TDI) for bisphenol A (BPA) 20,000-fold to 0.2 ng/kg body weight (BW)/day. BPA is an extensively studied high production volume endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC) associated with a vast array of diseases. Prior risk assessments of BPA by EFSA as well as the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have relied on industry-funded studies conducted under good laboratory practice protocols (GLP) requiring guideline end points and detailed record keeping, while also claiming to examine (but rejecting) thousands of published findings by academic scientists. Guideline protocols initially formalized in the mid-twentieth century are still used by many regulatory agencies. EFSA used a 21st century approach in its reassessment of BPA and conducted a transparent, but time-limited, systematic review that included both guideline and academic research. The German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) opposed EFSA's revision of the TDI for BPA.
Somatostatin interneurons control the timing of developmental desynchronization in cortical networks
Authors: Laura Mòdol, Monika Moissidis, Martijn Selten, Fazal Oozeer, Oscar Marín
Journal: Neuron (2024)

Synchronous neuronal activity is a hallmark of the developing brain. In the mouse cerebral cortex, activity decorrelates during the second week of postnatal development, progressively acquiring the characteristic sparse pattern underlying the integration of sensory information. The maturation of inhibition seems critical for this process, but the interneurons involved in this crucial transition of network activity in the developing cortex remain unknown. Using in vivo longitudinal two-photon calcium imaging during the period that precedes the change from highly synchronous to decorrelated activity, we identify somatostatin-expressing (SST+) interneurons as critical modulators of this switch in mice. Modulation of the activity of SST+ cells accelerates or delays the decorrelation of cortical network activity, a process that involves regulating the maturation of parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) interneurons. SST+ cells critically link sensory inputs with local circuits, controlling the neural dynamics in the developing cortex while modulating the integration of other interneurons into nascent cortical circuits.
Randomized Phase II Trial of Imiquimod with or without 9-Valent HPV Vaccine versus Observation in Patients with High-grade Pre-neoplastic Cervical Lesions (NCT02864147)
Authors: Sangini S. Sheth, Ji Eun Oh, Stefania Bellone, Eric R. Siegel, Michelle Greenman, Levent Mutlu, Blair McNamara, Shefali Pathy, Mitchell Clark, Masoud Azodi, Gary Altwerger, Vaagn Andikyan, Gloria Huang, Elena Ratner, Daniel J. Kim, Akiko Iwasaki, Angelique W. Levi, Natalia Buza, Pei Hui, Sean Flaherty, Peter E. Schwartz, Alessandro D. Santin
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2024)

Abstract Purpose: We report the results of a randomized phase II trial of imiquimod, a topical immune-response modulator versus imiquimod plus a 9-valent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine (9vHPV) versus clinical surveillance in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2/3) patients. Patients and Methods: We randomly allocated 133 patients with untreated CIN2/3 in equal proportions to a 4-month treatment with self-applied vaginal suppositories containing imiquimod (Arm B) or imiquimod plus a 9vHPV (Arm C) versus clinical surveillance (Arm A). The main outcome was efficacy, defined as histologic regression to CIN1 or less. Secondary outcomes were HPV clearance and tolerability. Exploratory objectives included the comparison of cervical CD4/CD8 T-cell infiltration at baseline, mid-study, and posttreatment by flow cytometry among study arms. Results: Of the 114 evaluable patients 77% and 23% harbored CIN2 and CIN3, respectively. Regression to CIN1 or less was observed in 95% of patients in the imiquimod group (Arm B) compared with 79% in the control/surveillance (Arm A); P = 0.043 and 84% in the imiquimod+9vHPV group (Arm C; P = 0.384 vs. Arm A). Neither of the treatment-arm differences from Arm A reached the prespecified α = 0.025 significance level. No significant differences were noted in the secondary outcome of rate of HPV clearance. The number of tissue-resident memory CD4/CD8 T cells in cytobrush samples demonstrated a &amp;gt;5-fold increase in Arm B/imiquimod when compared with Arm A/surveillance (P &amp;lt; 0.01). In contrast, there was no significant difference in T-cell responses among participants in Arm C when compared with Arm A. Imiquimod treatment was well tolerated. Conclusions: Although imiquimod induced a higher regression to CIN1 or less and significant increases in CD4/CD8 T cells infiltrating the cervix, it did not meet its prespecified statistical outcome for efficacy. A higher regression rate than expected was observed in the surveillance arm of this prospective trial. Future clinical trials with imiquimod targeting CIN3 patients are warranted.
Inpatient management of epidermolysis bullosa: Consensus-based hands-on instructions for neonates and postneonates
Authors: Brenda Abreu Molnar, Laura Levin, Duri Yun, Kimberly Morel, Karen Wiss, Julie Wieser, Christopher Ward, Haley Trice, Maria Teresa Garcia-Romero, Allison Stephenson, Adrienne Provost, Harper N Price, Marissa J Perman, Morgan Moxon, Beth Moeves, Catherine C McCuaig, Christine McCarthy, Anne W Lucky, Moise L Levy, Michelle Lee, Irene Lara-Corrales, Natalia Henner, Nichole Halliburton, Emily Griffith, Emily Gorell, Sharon Glick, Lawrence Eichenfield, Clara Collins, Anna L Bruckner, Brenda Boulrice, Susan Bayliss, Kellie Badger, Amy S Paller
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2024)
Timing of Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity, Mortality, Cardiovascular Disease, and Microvascular Disease in Adults With Obesity
Authors: Angelo Sabag, Matthew N. Ahmadi, Monique E. Francois, Svetlana Postnova, Peter A. Cistulli, Luigi Fontana, Emmanuel Stamatakis
Journal: Diabetes Care (2024)

To assess the association between timing of aerobic moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), microvascular disease (MVD), and all-cause mortality in adults with obesity and a subset with obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D).
Relugolix/Estradiol/Norethisterone Acetate: A Review in Endometriosis-Associated Pain
Authors: Hannah A. Blair
Journal: Drugs (2024)

An oral fixed-dose combination of relugolix/estradiol/norethisterone (also known as norethindrone) acetate [Myfembree® (USA); Ryeqo® (EU)] (hereafter referred to as relugolix combination therapy) has been approved in the USA for the management of moderate to severe pain associated with endometriosis in premenopausal women and in the EU for the symptomatic treatment of endometriosis in adult women of reproductive age with a history of previous medical or surgical treatment for their endometriosis. The gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptor antagonist relugolix decreases estradiol and progesterone levels, while the addition of estradiol/norethisterone acetate mitigates hypoestrogenic effects including bone mineral density (BMD) loss and vasomotor symptoms. In two pivotal phase III trials, relugolix combination therapy significantly improved dysmenorrhoea and non-menstrual pelvic pain in premenopausal women with moderate to severe endometriosis. The combination also reduced overall pelvic pain and dyspareunia, reduced analgesic and opioid use, and improved health-related quality of life. The efficacy of relugolix combination therapy was sustained over the longer term (up to 2 years). Relugolix combination therapy was generally well tolerated and BMD loss over time was minimal. With the convenience of a once daily oral dosing regimen, relugolix combination therapy is a valuable addition to the options currently available for the management of endometriosis-associated pain. Endometriosis is a disease where tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside the uterus and may reach other organs. This causes chronic pain as a result of increased inflammation and scar tissue. Women with endometriosis may experience painful menstrual periods, pelvic pain between periods, pain during sex, painful bowel movements and painful urination. Recently, a fixed-dose tablet comprising relugolix, estradiol and norethisterone (also known as norethindrone) acetate [Myfembree® (USA); Ryeqo® (EU)] (hereafter referred to as relugolix combination therapy) has been approved to treat endometriosis-associated pain. The treatment works by decreasing levels of ovarian hormones (estrogen and progesterone). In clinical trials, relugolix combination therapy improved period pain and pain between periods in women with moderate to severe pain associated with endometriosis. The treatment also improved other symptoms (overall pelvic pain and pain during sex), reduced the need for pain medications and improved health-related quality of life. Relugolix combination therapy was generally well tolerated and caused minimal bone loss, which is known to occur with some hormone therapies. With the convenience of a once daily oral pill, relugolix combination therapy is a valuable addition to the options currently available for women with endometriosis-associated pain.
Testes size seen through the glass of amphibian care
Authors: Bibiana Rojas, Carolin Dittrich, Sara Calhim
Journal: Trends in Ecology & Evolution (2024)

Despite the great diversity of parental care types found in amphibians, studies linking them to post-copulatory sexually selected traits are scarce, presumably due to a lack of data. Valencia-Aguilar et al. used fieldwork and museum collections to show that paternal care appears to trade-off with testes size in glass frogs.
<i>Vital Signs</i>: Mammography Use and Association with Social Determinants of Health and Health-Related Social Needs Among Women — United States, 2022
Authors: Jacqueline W. Miller, Jessica A. King, Katrina F. Trivers, Machell Town, Susan A. Sabatino, Mary Puckett, Lisa C. Richardson
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2024)

Approximately 40,000 U.S. women die from breast cancer each year. Mammography is recommended to screen for breast cancer and reduce breast cancer mortality. Adverse social determinants of heath (SDOH) and health-related social needs (HRSNs) (e.g., lack of transportation and social isolation) can be barriers to getting mammograms.
ZNF397 Deficiency Triggers TET2-Driven Lineage Plasticity and AR-Targeted Therapy Resistance in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Yaru Xu, Yuqiu Yang, Zhaoning Wang, Martin Sjöström, Yuyin Jiang, Yitao Tang, Siyuan Cheng, Su Deng, Choushi Wang, Julisa Gonzalez, Nickolas A. Johnson, Xiang Li, Xiaoling Li, Lauren A. Metang, Atreyi Mukherji, Quanhui Xu, Carla R. Tirado, Garrett Wainwright, Xinzhe Yu, Spencer Barnes, Mia Hofstad, Yu Chen, Hong Zhu, Ariella B. Hanker, Ganesh V. Raj, Guanghui Zhu, Housheng H. He, Zhao Wang, Carlos L. Arteaga, Han Liang, Felix Y. Feng, Yunguan Wang, Tao Wang, Ping Mu
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2024)

Abstract Cancer cells exhibit phenotypical plasticity and epigenetic reprogramming that allows them to evade lineage-dependent targeted treatments by adopting lineage plasticity. The underlying mechanisms by which cancer cells exploit the epigenetic regulatory machinery to acquire lineage plasticity and therapy resistance remain poorly understood. We identified zinc finger protein 397 (ZNF397) as a bona fide coactivator of the androgen receptor (AR), essential for the transcriptional program governing AR-driven luminal lineage. ZNF397 deficiency facilitates the transition of cancer cell from an AR-driven luminal lineage to a ten-eleven translocation 2 (TET2)-driven lineage plastic state, ultimately promoting resistance to therapies inhibiting AR signaling. Intriguingly, our findings indicate that a TET2 inhibitor can eliminate the resistance to AR-targeted therapies in ZNF397-deficient tumors. These insights uncover a novel mechanism through which prostate cancer acquires lineage plasticity via epigenetic rewiring and offer promising implications for clinical interventions designed to overcome therapy resistance dictated by lineage plasticity. Significance: This study reveals a bifurcated role of ZNF397, and a TET2–driven epigenetic mechanism regulating tumor lineage plasticity and therapy response in prostate cancer, enhances the understanding of drug resistance, and unveils a new therapeutic strategy for overcoming androgen receptor-targeted therapy resistance.
New treatment approaches for <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> infections: alternatives to antibiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation
Authors: Tomaž Bratkovič, Abida Zahirović, Maruša Bizjak, Maja Rupnik, Borut Štrukelj, Aleš Berlec
Journal: Gut Microbes (2024)

causes a range of debilitating intestinal symptoms that may be fatal. It is particularly problematic as a hospital-acquired infection, causing significant costs to the health care system. Antibiotics, such as vancomycin and fidaxomicin, are still the drugs of choice for
Multi-strain probiotics during pregnancy in women with obesity influence infant gut microbiome development: results from a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study
Authors: Sofie Ingdam Halkjær, Malene Refslund Danielsen, Victoria E. de Knegt, Lee O’Brien Andersen, Christen Rune Stensvold, Henrik Vedel Nielsen, Hengameh Chloé Mirsepasi-Lauridsen, Karen Angeliki Krogfelt, Dina Cortes, Andreas Munk Petersen
Journal: Gut Microbes (2024)

Probiotics have been described to influence host health and prevent the risk of obesity by gut microbiome (GM) modulation. In a randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled feasibility study, we investigated whether Vivomixx® multi-strain probiotics administered to 50 women with obesity during pregnancy altered the GM composition and perinatal health outcomes of their infants up to 9 months after birth. The mothers and infants were followed up with four visits after birth: at 3 d, and at 3, 6, and 9 months after delivery. The infants were monitored by anthropometric measurements, fecal sample analysis, and questionnaires regarding health and diet.The study setup after birth was feasible, and the women and infants were willing to participate in additional study visits and collection of fecal samples during the 9-month follow-up. In total, 47 newborns were included for microbiome analysis.Maternal prenatal Vivomixx® administration did not alter infant GM diversity nor differential abundance, and the probiotic strains were not vertically transferred. However, the infant GM exhibited a decreased prevalence of the obesity-associated genera,
Spatiotemporal transcriptomic changes of human ovarian aging and the regulatory role of FOXP1
Authors: Meng Wu, Weicheng Tang, Ying Chen, Liru Xue, Jun Dai, Yan Li, Xiaoran Zhu, Chuqing Wu, Jiaqiang Xiong, Jinjin Zhang, Tong Wu, Su Zhou, Dan Chen, Chaoyang Sun, Jing Yu, Hongyi Li, Yican Guo, Yibao Huang, Qingqing Zhu, Simin Wei, Ziliang Zhou, Mingfu Wu, Ya Li, Tao Xiang, Huiying Qiao, Shixuan Wang
Journal: Nature Aging (2024)

Abstract Limited understanding exists regarding how aging impacts the cellular and molecular aspects of the human ovary. This study combines single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics to systematically characterize human ovarian aging. Spatiotemporal molecular signatures of the eight types of ovarian cells during aging are observed. An analysis of age-associated changes in gene expression reveals that DNA damage response may be a key biological pathway in oocyte aging. Three granulosa cells subtypes and five theca and stromal cells subtypes, as well as their spatiotemporal transcriptomics changes during aging, are identified. FOXP1 emerges as a regulator of ovarian aging, declining with age and inhibiting CDKN1A transcription. Silencing FOXP1 results in premature ovarian insufficiency in mice. These findings offer a comprehensive understanding of spatiotemporal variability in human ovarian aging, aiding the prioritization of potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic strategies.
Tissue-specific enhancer–gene maps from multimodal single-cell data identify causal disease alleles
Authors: Saori Sakaue, Kathryn Weinand, Shakson Isaac, Kushal K. Dey, Karthik Jagadeesh, Masahiro Kanai, Gerald F. M. Watts, Zhu Zhu, Jennifer Albrecht, Jennifer H. Anolik, William Apruzzese, Nirmal Banda, Jennifer L. Barnas, Joan M. Bathon, Ami Ben-Artzi, Brendan F. Boyce, David L. Boyle, S. Louis Bridges, Vivian P. Bykerk, Debbie Campbell, Hayley L. Carr, Arnold Ceponis, Adam Chicoine, Andrew Cordle, Michelle Curtis, Kevin D. Deane, Edward DiCarlo, Patrick Dunn, Andrew Filer, Gary S. Firestein, Lindsy Forbess, Laura Geraldino-Pardilla, Susan M. Goodman, Ellen M. Gravallese, Peter K. Gregersen, Joel M. Guthridge, Maria Gutierrez-Arcelus, Siddarth Gurajala, V. Michael Holers, Diane Horowitz, Laura B. Hughes, Kazuyoshi Ishigaki, Lionel B. Ivashkiv, Judith A. James, Anna Helena Jonsson, Joyce B. Kang, Gregory Keras, Ilya Korsunsky, Amit Lakhanpal, James A. Lederer, Zhihan J. Li, Yuhong Li, Katherine P. Liao, Arthur M. Mandelin, Ian Mantel, Mark Maybury, Joseph Mears, Nida Meednu, Nghia Millard, Larry W. Moreland, Aparna Nathan, Alessandra Nerviani, Dana E. Orange, Harris Perlman, Costantino Pitzalis, Javier Rangel-Moreno, Deepak A. Rao, Karim Raza, Yakir Reshef, Christopher Ritchlin, Felice Rivellese, William H. Robinson, Laurie Rumker, Ilfita Sahbudin, Jennifer A. Seifert, Kamil Slowikowski, Melanie H. Smith, Darren Tabechian, Dagmar Scheel-Toellner, Paul J. Utz, Dana Weisenfeld, Michael H. Weisman, Qian Xiao, Fan Zhang, Michael B. Brenner, Andrew McDavid, Laura T. Donlin, Kevin Wei, Alkes L. Price, Soumya Raychaudhuri
Journal: Nature Genetics (2024)
Exosomes derived from tumor adjacent fibroblasts efficiently target pancreatic tumors
Authors: Saini Setua, Shabia Shabir, Poornima Shaji, Ana Martinez Bulnes, Anupam Dhasmana, Swathi Holla, Nivesh K. Mittal, Nirakar Sahoo, Tripti Saini, Francesco Giorgianni, Mohammad Sikander, Andrew E. Massey, Bilal B. Hafeez, Manish K. Tripathi, Vincent P. Diego, Meena Jaggi, Junming Yue, Nadeem Zafar, Murali M. Yallapu, Stephen W. Behrman, Sheema Khan, Subhash C. Chauhan
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2024)

The application of extracellular vesicles, particularly exosomes (EXs), is rapidly expanding in the field of medicine, owing to their remarkable properties as natural carriers of biological cargo. This study investigates utilization of exosomes derived from stromal cells of tumor adjacent normal tissues (NAF-EXs) for personalized medicine, which can be derived at the time of diagnosis by endoscopic ultrasound. Herein, we show that exosomes (EXs) derived from NAFs demonstrate differential bio-physical characteristics, efficient cellular internalization, drug loading efficiency, pancreatic tumor targeting and delivery of payloads. NAF-derived EXs (NAF-EXs) were used for loading ormeloxifene (ORM), a potent anti-cancer and desmoplasia inhibitor as a model drug. We found that ORM maintains normal fibroblast cell phenotype and renders them incompatible to be triggered for a CAF-like phenotype, which may be due to regulation of Ca