Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance 1990–2021: a systematic analysis with forecasts to 2050
Authors: Mohsen Naghavi, Stein Emil Vollset, Kevin S Ikuta, Lucien R Swetschinski, Authia P Gray, Eve E Wool, Gisela Robles Aguilar, Tomislav Mestrovic, Georgia Smith, Chieh Han, Rebecca L Hsu, Julian Chalek, Daniel T Araki, Erin Chung, Catalina Raggi, Anna Gershberg Hayoon, Nicole Davis Weaver, Paulina A Lindstedt, Amanda E Smith, Umut Altay, Natalia V Bhattacharjee, Konstantinos Giannakis, Frederick Fell, Barney McManigal, Nattwut Ekapirat, Jessica Andretta Mendes, Tilleye Runghien, Oraya Srimokla, Atef Abdelkader, Sherief Abd-Elsalam, Richard Gyan Aboagye, Hassan Abolhassani, Hasan Abualruz, Usman Abubakar, Hana J Abukhadijah, Salahdein Aburuz, Ahmed Abu-Zaid, Sureerak Achalapong, Isaac Yeboah Addo, Victor Adekanmbi, Temitayo Esther Adeyeoluwa, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani, Leticia Akua Adzigbli, Muhammad Sohail Afzal, Saira Afzal, Antonella Agodi, Austin J Ahlstrom, Aqeel Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmad, Tauseef Ahmad, Ali Ahmadi, Ayman Ahmed, Haroon Ahmed, Ibrar Ahmed, Mohammed Ahmed, Saeed Ahmed, Syed Anees Ahmed, Mohammed Ahmed Akkaif, Salah Al Awaidy, Yazan Al Thaher, Samer O Alalalmeh, Mohammad T AlBataineh, Wafa A Aldhaleei, Adel Ali Saeed Al-Gheethi, Nma Bida Alhaji, Abid Ali, Liaqat Ali, Syed Shujait Ali, Waad Ali, Kasim Allel, Sabah Al-Marwani, Ahmad Alrawashdeh, Awais Altaf, Alaa B. Al-Tammemi, Jaffar A Al-Tawfiq, Karem H Alzoubi, Walid Adnan Al-Zyoud, Ben Amos, John H Amuasi, Robert Ancuceanu, Jason R Andrews, Abhishek Anil, Iyadunni Adesola Anuoluwa, Saeid Anvari, Anayochukwu Edward Anyasodor, Geminn Louis Carace Apostol, Jalal Arabloo, Mosab Arafat, Aleksandr Y Aravkin, Demelash Areda, Abdulfatai Aremu, Anton A Artamonov, Elizabeth A Ashley, Marvellous O Asika, Seyyed Shamsadin Athari, Maha Moh'd Wahbi Atout, Tewachew Awoke, Sina Azadnajafabad, James Mba Azam, Shahkaar Aziz, Ahmed Y. Azzam, Mahsa Babaei, Francois-Xavier Babin, Muhammad Badar, Atif Amin Baig, Milica Bajcetic, Stephen Baker, Mainak Bardhan, Hiba Jawdat Barqawi, Zarrin Basharat, Afisu Basiru, Mathieu Bastard, Saurav Basu, Nebiyou Simegnew Bayleyegn, Melaku Ashagrie Belete, Olorunjuwon Omolaja Bello, Apostolos Beloukas, James A Berkley, Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula, Sonu Bhaskar, Soumitra S Bhuyan, Julia A Bielicki, Nikolay Ivanovich Briko, Colin Stewart Brown, Annie J Browne, Danilo Buonsenso, Yasser Bustanji, Cristina G Carvalheiro, Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela, Muthia Cenderadewi, Joshua Chadwick, Sandip Chakraborty, Rama Mohan Chandika, Sara Chandy, Vilada Chansamouth, Vijay Kumar Chattu, Anis Ahmad Chaudhary, Patrick R Ching, Hitesh Chopra, Fazle Rabbi Chowdhury, Dinh-Toi Chu, Muhammad Chutiyami, Natalia Cruz-Martins, Alanna Gomes da Silva, Omid Dadras, Xiaochen Dai, Samuel D Darcho, Saswati Das, Fernando Pio De la Hoz, Denise Myriam Dekker, Kuldeep Dhama, Daniel Diaz, Benjamin Felix Rothschild Dickson, Serge Ghislain Djorie, Milad Dodangeh, Sushil Dohare, Klara Georgieva Dokova, Ojas Prakashbhai Doshi, Robert Kokou Dowou, Haneil Larson Dsouza, Susanna J Dunachie, Arkadiusz Marian Dziedzic, Tim Eckmanns, Abdelaziz Ed-Dra, Aziz Eftekharimehrabad, Temitope Cyrus Ekundayo, Iman El Sayed, Muhammed Elhadi, Waseem El-Huneidi, Christelle Elias, Sally J Ellis, Randa Elsheikh, Ibrahim Elsohaby, Chadi Eltaha, Babak Eshrati, Majid Eslami, David William Eyre, Adewale Oluwaseun Fadaka, Adeniyi Francis Fagbamigbe, Ayesha Fahim, Aliasghar Fakhri-Demeshghieh, Folorunso Oludayo Fasina, Modupe Margaret Fasina, Ali Fatehizadeh, Nicholas A Feasey, Alireza Feizkhah, Ginenus Fekadu, Florian Fischer, Ida Fitriana, Karen M Forrest, Celia Fortuna Rodrigues, John E Fuller, Muktar A Gadanya, Márió Gajdács, Aravind P Gandhi, Esteban E Garcia-Gallo, Denise O Garrett, Rupesh K Gautam, Miglas Welay Gebregergis, Mesfin Gebrehiwot, Teferi Gebru Gebremeskel, Christine Geffers, Leonidas Georgalis, Ramy Mohamed Ghazy, Mahaveer Golechha, Davide Golinelli, Melita Gordon, Snigdha Gulati, Rajat Das Gupta, Sapna Gupta, Vijai Kumar Gupta, Awoke Derbie Habteyohannes, Sebastian Haller, Harapan Harapan, Michelle L Harrison, Ahmed I Hasaballah, Ikramul Hasan, Rumina Syeda Hasan, Hamidreza Hasani, Andrea Haekyung Haselbeck, Md Saquib Hasnain, Ikrama Ibrahim Hassan, Shoaib Hassan, Mahgol Sadat Hassan Zadeh Tabatabaei, Khezar Hayat, Jiawei He, Omar E Hegazi, Mohammad Heidari, Kamal Hezam, Ramesh Holla, Marianne Holm, Heidi Hopkins, Md Mahbub Hossain, Mehdi Hosseinzadeh, Sorin Hostiuc, Nawfal R Hussein, Le Duc Huy, Elsa D Ibáñez-Prada, Adalia Ikiroma, Irena M Ilic, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam, Faisal Ismail, Nahlah Elkudssiah Ismail, Chidozie Declan Iwu, Chinwe Juliana Iwu-Jaja, Abdollah Jafarzadeh, Fatoumatta Jaiteh, Reza Jalilzadeh Yengejeh, Roland Dominic G Jamora, Javad Javidnia, Talha Jawaid, Adam W J Jenney, Hyon Jin Jeon, Mohammad Jokar, Nabi Jomehzadeh, Tamas Joo, Nitin Joseph, Zul Kamal, Kehinde Kazeem Kanmodi, Rami S Kantar, James Apollo Kapisi, Ibraheem M Karaye, Yousef Saleh Khader, Himanshu Khajuria, Nauman Khalid, Faham Khamesipour, Ajmal Khan, Mohammad Jobair Khan, Muhammad Tariq Khan, Vishnu Khanal, Feriha Fatima Khidri, Jagdish Khubchandani, Suwimon Khusuwan, Min Seo Kim, Adnan Kisa, Vladimir Andreevich Korshunov, Fiorella Krapp, Ralf Krumkamp, Mohammed Kuddus, Mukhtar Kulimbet, Dewesh Kumar, Emmanuelle A P Kumaran, Ambily Kuttikkattu, Hmwe Hmwe Kyu, Iván Landires, Basira Kankia Lawal, Thao Thi Thu Le, Ingeborg Maria Lederer, Munjae Lee, Seung Won Lee, Alain Lepape, Temesgen Leka Lerango, Virendra S Ligade, Cherry Lim, Stephen S Lim, Liknaw Workie Limenh, Chaojie Liu, Xiaofeng Liu, Xuefeng Liu, Michael J Loftus, Hawraz Ibrahim M Amin, Kelsey Lynn Maass, Sandeep B Maharaj, Mansour Adam Mahmoud, Panagiota Maikanti-Charalampous, Omar M Makram, Kashish Malhotra, Ahmad Azam Malik, Georgia D Mandilara, Florian Marks, Bernardo Alfonso Martinez-Guerra, Miquel Martorell, Hossein Masoumi-Asl, Alexander G Mathioudakis, Juergen May, Theresa A McHugh, James Meiring, Hadush Negash Meles, Addisu Melese, Endalkachew Belayneh Melese, Giuseppe Minervini, Nouh Saad Mohamed, Shafiu Mohammed, Syam Mohan, Ali H Mokdad, Lorenzo Monasta, AmirAli Moodi Ghalibaf, Catrin E Moore, Yousef Moradi, Elias Mossialos, Vincent Mougin, George Duke Mukoro, Francesk Mulita, Berit Muller-Pebody, Efren Murillo-Zamora, Sani Musa, Patrick Musicha, Lillian A Musila, Saravanan Muthupandian, Ahamarshan Jayaraman Nagarajan, Pirouz Naghavi, Firzan Nainu, Tapas Sadasivan Nair, Hastyar Hama Rashid Najmuldeen, Zuhair S Natto, Javaid Nauman, Biswa Prakash Nayak, G Takop Nchanji, Pacifique Ndishimye, Ionut Negoi, Ruxandra Irina Negoi, Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi, QuynhAnh P Nguyen, Efaq Ali Noman, Davis C Nwakanma, Seamus O'Brien, Theresa J Ochoa, Ismail A Odetokun, Oluwaseun Adeolu Ogundijo, Tolulope R Ojo-Akosile, Sylvester Reuben Okeke, Osaretin Christabel Okonji, Andrew T Olagunju, Antonio Olivas-Martinez, Abdulhakeem Abayomi Olorukooba, Peter Olwoch, Kenneth Ikenna Onyedibe, Edgar Ortiz-Brizuela, Olayinka Osuolale, Pradthana Ounchanum, Oyetunde T Oyeyemi, Mahesh Padukudru P A, Jose L Paredes, Romil R Parikh, Jay Patel, Shankargouda Patil, Shrikant Pawar, Anton Y Peleg, Prince Peprah, João Perdigão, Carlo Perrone, Ionela-Roxana Petcu, Koukeo Phommasone, Zahra Zahid Piracha, Dimitri Poddighe, Andrew J Pollard, Ramesh Poluru, Alfredo Ponce-De-Leon, Jagadeesh Puvvula, Farah Naz Qamar, Nameer Hashim Qasim, Clotaire Donatien Rafai, Pankaja Raghav, Leila Rahbarnia, Fakher Rahim, Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar, Mosiur Rahman, Muhammad Aziz Rahman, Hazem Ramadan, Shakthi Kumaran Ramasamy, Pushkal Sinduvadi Ramesh, Pramod W Ramteke, Rishabh Kumar Rana, Usha Rani, Mohammad-Mahdi Rashidi, Devarajan Rathish, Sayaphet Rattanavong, Salman Rawaf, Elrashdy Moustafa Mohamed Redwan, Luis Felipe Reyes, Tamalee Roberts, Julie V Robotham, Victor Daniel Rosenthal, Allen Guy Ross, Nitai Roy, Kristina E Rudd, Cameron John Sabet, Basema Ahmad Saddik, Mohammad Reza Saeb, Umar Saeed, Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam, Weeravoot Saengchan, Mohsen Safaei, Amene Saghazadeh, Narjes Saheb Sharif-Askari, Amirhossein Sahebkar, Soumya Swaroop Sahoo, Maitreyi Sahu, Morteza Saki, Nasir Salam, Zikria Saleem, Mohamed A Saleh, Yoseph Leonardo Samodra, Abdallah M Samy, Aswini Saravanan, Maheswar Satpathy, Austin E Schumacher, Mansour Sedighi, Samroeng Seekaew, Mahan Shafie, Pritik A Shah, Samiah Shahid, Moyad Jamal Shahwan, Sadia Shakoor, Noga Shalev, Muhammad Aaqib Shamim, Mohammad Ali Shamshirgaran, Anas Shamsi, Amin Sharifan, Rajesh P Shastry, Mahabalesh Shetty, Aminu Shittu, Sunil Shrestha, Emmanuel Edwar Siddig, Theologia Sideroglou, Jose Sifuentes-Osornio, Luís Manuel Lopes Rodrigues Silva, Eric A F Simões, Andrew J H Simpson, Amit Singh, Surjit Singh, Robert Sinto, Sameh S M Soliman, Soroush Soraneh, Nicole Stoesser, Temenuga Zhekova Stoeva, Chandan Kumar Swain, Lukasz Szarpak, Sree Sudha T Y, Shima Tabatabai, Celine Tabche, Zanan Mohammed-Ameen Taha, Ker-Kan Tan, Nidanuch Tasak, Nathan Y Tat, Areerat Thaiprakong, Pugazhenthan Thangaraju, Caroline Chepngeno Tigoi, Krishna Tiwari, Marcos Roberto Tovani-Palone, Thang Huu Tran, Munkhtuya Tumurkhuu, Paul Turner, Aniefiok John Udoakang, Arit Udoh, Noor Ullah, Saeed Ullah, Asokan Govindaraj Vaithinathan, Mario Valenti, Theo Vos, Huong T L Vu, Yasir Waheed, Ann Sarah Walker, Judd L Walson, Tri Wangrangsimakul, Kosala Gayan Weerakoon, Heiman F L Wertheim, Phoebe C M Williams, Asrat Arja Wolde, Teresa M Wozniak, Felicia Wu, Zenghong Wu, Mukesh Kumar Kumar Yadav, Sajad Yaghoubi, Zwanden Sule Yahaya, Amir Yarahmadi, Saber Yezli, Yazachew Engida Yismaw, Dong Keon Yon, Chun-Wei Yuan, Hadiza Yusuf, Fathiah Zakham, Giulia Zamagni, Haijun Zhang, Zhi-Jiang Zhang, Magdalena Zielińska, Alimuddin Zumla, Sa'ed H. H Zyoud, Samer H Zyoud, Simon I Hay, Andy Stergachis, Benn Sartorius, Ben S Cooper, Christiane Dolecek, Christopher J L Murray
Journal: The Lancet (2024)