tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A scoping review on advancements in noninvasive wearable technology for heart failure management
Authors: Niels T. B. Scholte, Annemiek. E. van Ravensberg, Abdul Shakoor, Eric Boersma, Eelko Ronner, Rudolf A. de Boer, Jasper J. Brugts, Nico Bruining, Robert M. A. van der Boon
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2024)

Abstract Wearables offer a promising solution for enhancing remote monitoring (RM) of heart failure (HF) patients by tracking key physiological parameters. Despite their potential, their clinical integration faces challenges due to the lack of rigorous evaluations. This review aims to summarize the current evidence and assess the readiness of wearables for clinical practice using the Medical Device Readiness Level (MDRL). A systematic search identified 99 studies from 3112 found articles, with only eight being randomized controlled trials. Accelerometery was the most used measurement technique. Consumer-grade wearables, repurposed for HF monitoring, dominated the studies with most of them in the feasibility testing stage (MDRL 6). Only two of the described wearables were specifically designed for HF RM, and received FDA approval. Consequently, the actual impact of wearables on HF management remains uncertain due to limited robust evidence, posing a significant barrier to their integration into HF care.
Correction: Network proteomics of the Lewy body dementia brain reveals presynaptic signatures distinct from Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Anantharaman Shantaraman, Eric B. Dammer, Obiadada Ugochukwu, Duc M. Duong, Luming Yin, E. Kathleen Carter, Marla Gearing, Alice Chen-Plotkin, Edward B. Lee, John Q. Trojanowski, David A. Bennett, James J. Lah, Allan I. Levey, Nicholas T. Seyfried, Lenora Higginbotham
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2024)
Enhanced laboratory surveillance of respiratory infection disclosed the rapid rise of enterovirus D68 cases, northern Italy, August to September 2024
Authors: Elena Pariani, Antonio Piralla, Laura Pellegrinelli, Federica Giardina, Vincenzo Navobi Porrello, Greta Romano, Cristina Galli, Laura Sandri, Guglielmo Ferrari, Sandro Binda, Luigi Vezzosi, Gabriele Del Castillo, Sabrina Buoro, Danilo Cereda, Fausto Baldanti
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2024)

We report a considerable increase in enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) cases since July 2024, culminating in an ongoing outbreak of acute respiratory infections in northern Italy, accounting for nearly 90% of all enterovirus infections. The outbreak was identified by community- and hospital-based surveillance systems, detecting EV-D68 in individuals with mild-to-severe respiratory infections. These strains belonged to B3 and a divergent A2 lineage. An increase in adult cases was observed. Enhanced surveillance and molecular characterisation of EV-D68 across Europe are needed.
Early unrecognised SARS-CoV-2 introductions shaped the first pandemic wave, Sweden, 2020
Authors: Robert Dyrdak, Emma B Hodcroft, Sandra Broddesson, Malin Grabbe, Hildur Franklin, Magnus Gisslén, Maricris E Holm, Magnus Lindh, Joanna Nederby-Öhd, Johan Ringlander, Martin Sundqvist, Richard A Neher, Jan Albert
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2024)

Background Despite the unprecedented measures implemented globally in early 2020 to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2, Sweden, as many other countries, experienced a severe first wave during the COVID-19 pandemic. Aim We investigated the introduction and spread of SARS-CoV-2 into Sweden. Methods We analysed stored respiratory specimens (n = 1,979), sampled 7 February–2 April 2020, by PCR for SARS-CoV-2 and sequenced PCR-positive specimens. Sequences generated from newly detected cases and stored positive specimens February–June 2020 (n = 954) were combined with sequences (Sweden: n = 730; other countries: n = 129,913) retrieved from other sources for Nextstrain clade assignment and phylogenetic analyses. Results Twelve previously unrecognised SARS-CoV-2 cases were identified: the earliest was sampled on 3 March, 1 week before recognised community transmission. We showed an early influx of clades 20A and 20B from Italy (201/328, 61% of cases exposed abroad) and clades 19A and 20C from Austria (61/328, 19%). Clade 20C dominated the first wave (20C: 908/1,684, 54%; 20B: 438/1,684, 26%; 20A: 263/1,684, 16%), and 800 of 1,684 (48%) Swedish sequences formed a country-specific 20C cluster defined by a spike mutation (G24368T). At the regional level, the proportion of clade 20C sequences correlated with an earlier weighted mean date of COVID-19 deaths. Conclusion Community transmission in Sweden started when mitigation efforts still focused on preventing influx. This created a transmission advantage for clade 20C, likely introduced from ongoing cryptic spread in Austria. Therefore, pandemic preparedness should have a comprehensive approach, including capacity for large-scale diagnostics to allow early detection of travel-related cases and community transmission.
The neuroendocrine transition in prostate cancer is dynamic and dependent on ASCL1
Authors: Rodrigo Romero, Tinyi Chu, Tania J. González Robles, Perianne Smith, Yubin Xie, Harmanpreet Kaur, Sara Yoder, Huiyong Zhao, Chenyi Mao, Wenfei Kang, Maria V. Pulina, Kayla E. Lawrence, Anuradha Gopalan, Samir Zaidi, Kwangmin Yoo, Jungmin Choi, Ning Fan, Olivia Gerstner, Wouter R. Karthaus, Elisa DeStanchina, Kelly V. Ruggles, Peter M. K. Westcott, Ronan Chaligné, Dana Pe’er, Charles L. Sawyers
Journal: Nature Cancer (2024)

Abstract Lineage plasticity is a hallmark of cancer progression that impacts therapy outcomes, yet the mechanisms mediating this process remain unclear. Here, we introduce a versatile in vivo platform to interrogate neuroendocrine lineage transformation throughout prostate cancer progression. Transplanted mouse prostate organoids with human-relevant driver mutations ( Rb1 − / − ; Trp53 − / − ; cMyc + or Pten − / − ; Trp53 − / − ; cMyc + ) develop adenocarcinomas, but only those with Rb1 deletion advance to aggressive, ASCL1 + neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) resistant to androgen receptor signaling inhibitors. Notably, this transition requires an in vivo microenvironment not replicated by conventional organoid culture. Using multiplexed immunofluorescence and spatial transcriptomics, we reveal that ASCL1 + cells arise from KRT8 + luminal cells, progressing into transcriptionally heterogeneous ASCL1 + ;KRT8 − NEPC. Ascl1 loss in established NEPC causes transient regression followed by recurrence, but its deletion before transplantation abrogates lineage plasticity, resulting in castration-sensitive adenocarcinomas. This dynamic model highlights the importance of therapy timing and offers a platform to identify additional lineage plasticity drivers.
Locally acquired malaria: a retrospective analysis of long-term surveillance data, European France, 1995 to 2022
Authors: Hugues Delamare, Arnaud Tarantola, Marc Thellier, Clémentine Calba, Olivier Gaget, Paul-Henri Consigny, Frederic Simard, Sylvie Manguin, Elise Brottet, Marie-Claire Paty, Sandrine Houze, Henriette De Valk, Harold Noël
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2024)

Background In European France, the bulk of malaria cases are travel-related, and only locally acquired cases are notifiable to assess any risk of re-emergence. Aims We aimed to contribute to assessing the health impact of locally acquired malaria and the potential of malaria re-emergence in European France by documenting modes of transmission of locally acquired malaria, the Plasmodium species involved and their incidence trends. Methods We retrospectively analysed surveillance and case investigation data on locally acquired malaria from 1995 to 2022. We classified cases by most likely mode of transmission using a classification derived from the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. A descriptive analysis was conducted to identify spatial and temporal patterns of cases. Results From 1995 to 2022, European France reported 117 locally acquired malaria cases, mostly due to Plasmodium falciparum (88%) and reported in Île-de-France (54%), Paris Region. Cases were classified as Odyssean malaria (n = 51), induced malaria (n = 36), cryptic malaria (n = 27) and introduced malaria (n = 3). Among the 117 patients, 102 (93%) were hospitalised, 24 (22%) had severe malaria and seven (7%) died. Conclusion Locally acquired malaria remains infrequent in European France, with four reported cases per year since 1995. However, with the recent increasing trend in Odyssean malaria and climate change, the risk of re-emergence in non-endemic countries should be monitored, particularly in areas with autochthonous competent vectors. The vital risk of delayed diagnosis should make physicians consider locally acquired malaria in all patients with unexplained fever, especially when thrombocytopenia is present, even without travel history.
Spatial microniches of IL-2 combine with IL-10 to drive lung migratory TH2 cells in response to inhaled allergen
Authors: Kun He, Hanxi Xiao, William A. MacDonald, Isha Mehta, Akash Kishore, Augusta Vincent, Zhongli Xu, Anuradha Ray, Wei Chen, Casey T. Weaver, Bart N. Lambrecht, Jishnu Das, Amanda C. Poholek
Journal: Nature Immunology (2024)
Association between delayed outbreak identification and SARS-CoV-2 infection and mortality among long-term care home residents, Ontario, Canada, March to November 2020: a cohort study
Authors: Kevin A Brown, Sarah A Buchan, Adrienne K Chan, Andrew Costa, Nick Daneman, Gary Garber, Michael Hillmer, Aaron Jones, James M Johnson, Dylan Kain, Kamil Malikov, Richard G Mather, Allison McGeer, Kevin L Schwartz, Nathan M Stall, Jennie Johnstone
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2024)

Background Late outbreak identification is a common risk factor mentioned in case reports of large respiratory infection outbreaks in long-term care (LTC) homes. Aim To systematically measure the association between late SARS-CoV-2 outbreak identification and secondary SARS-CoV-2 infection and mortality in residents of LTC homes. Methods We studied SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks across LTC homes in Ontario, Canada from March to November 2020, before the COVID-19 vaccine rollout. Our exposure (late outbreak identification) was based on cumulative infection pressure (the number of infectious resident-days) on the outbreak identification date (early: ≤ 2 infectious resident-days, late: ≥ 3 infectious resident-days), where the infectious window was −2 to +8 days around onset. Our outcome consisted of 30-day incidence of secondary infection and mortality, based on the proportion of at-risk residents with a laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection with onset within 30 days of the outbreak identification date. Results We identified 632 SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks across 623 LTC homes. Of these, 36.4% (230/632) outbreaks were identified late. Outbreaks identified late had more secondary infections (10.3%; 4,437/42,953) and higher mortality (3.2%; 1,374/42,953) compared with outbreaks identified early (infections: 3.3%; 2,015/61,714; p &lt; 0.001, mortality: 0.9%; 579/61,714; p &lt; 0.001). After adjustment for 12 LTC home covariates, the incidence of secondary infections in outbreaks identified late was 2.90-fold larger than that of outbreaks identified early (OR: 2.90; 95% CI: 2.04–4.13). Conclusions The timeliness of outbreak identification could be used to predict the trajectory of an outbreak, plan outbreak measures and retrospectively provide feedback for quality improvement, with the objective of reducing the impacts of respiratory infections in LTC home residents.
Airport and luggage (Odyssean) malaria in Europe: a systematic review
Authors: Luisa K Hallmaier-Wacker, Merel D van Eick, Olivier Briët, Hugues Delamare, Gerhard Falkenhorst, Sandrine Houzé, Harold Noël, Javiera Rebolledo, Wim Van Bortel, Céline M Gossner
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2024)

Background Airport and luggage (also called Odyssean) malaria are chance events where Plasmodium infection results from the bite of an infected mosquito which was transported by aircraft from a malaria-endemic area. Infrequent case reports and a lack of central data collection challenge a comprehensive overview. Aim To update the epidemiological, clinical and biological understanding of airport and luggage malaria cases in Europe. Methods We conducted a systematic review of studies indexed from 1969 to January 2024 in MEDLINE, Embase and OpenGrey databases. A data call to EU/EEA and UK public health institutes was launched in December 2022. Results Of the 145 cases (89 cases from 48 studies and 56 cases from the data call) described from nine countries, 105 were classified as airport malaria, 32 as luggage malaria and eight as either airport or luggage malaria. Most airport malaria cases were reported in France (n = 52), Belgium (n = 19) and Germany (n = 9). Half of cases resided or worked near or at an international airport (mean distance of 4.3 km, n = 28). Despite disruptions in air travel amid the COVID-19 pandemic, one third of cases reported since 2000 occurred between 2018 and 2022, with a peak in 2019. Conclusion While airport and luggage malaria cases are rare, reports in Europe have increased, highlighting the need for effective prevention measures and a more structured surveillance of cases in Europe. Prevention measures already in place such as aircraft disinsection should be assessed for compliance and effectiveness.
Maternal adiposity and perinatal and offspring outcomes: an umbrella review
Authors: Ziyi Yang, Gengchen Feng, Xueying Gao, Xueqi Yan, Yimeng Li, Yuteng Wang, Shumin Li, Yonghui Jiang, Shigang Zhao, Han Zhao, Zi-Jiang Chen
Journal: Nature Human Behaviour (2024)
YAP Overcomes Mechanical Barriers to Induce Mitotic Rounding and Adult Cardiomyocyte Division
Authors: Yuka Morikawa, Jong H. Kim, Rich Gang Li, Lin Liu, Shijie Liu, Vaibhav Deshmukh, Matthew C. Hill, James F. Martin
Journal: Circulation (2024)

BACKGROUND: Many specialized cells in adult organs acquire a state of cell cycle arrest and quiescence through unknown mechanisms. Our limited understanding of mammalian cell cycle arrest is derived primarily from cell culture models. Adult mammalian cardiomyocytes, a classic example of cell cycle arrested cells, exit the cell cycle postnatally and remain in an arrested state for the life of the organism. Cardiomyocytes can be induced to re-enter the cell cycle by YAP5SA, an active form of the Hippo signaling pathway effector YAP. METHODS: We performed clonal analyses to determine the cell kinetics of YAP5SA cardiomyocytes. We also performed single-cell RNA sequencing, marker gene analysis, and functional studies to examine how YAP5SA cardiomyocytes progress through the cell cycle. RESULTS: We discovered that YAP5SA-expressing cardiomyocytes divided efficiently, with &gt;20% of YAP5SA cardiomyocyte clones containing ≥2 cardiomyocytes. YAP5SA cardiomyocytes re-entered cell cycle at the G1/S transition and had an S phase lasting ≈48 hours. Sarcomere disassembly is required for cardiomyocyte progression from S to G2 phase and the induction of mitotic rounding. Although oscillatory Cdk expression was induced in YAP5SA cardiomyocytes, these cells inefficiently progressed through G2 phase. This is improved by inhibiting P21 function, implicating checkpoint activity as an additional barrier to YAP5SA-induced cardiomyocyte division. CONCLUSIONS: Our data reveal that YAP5SA overcomes the mechanically constrained myocardial microenvironment to induce mitotic rounding with cardiomyocyte division, thus providing new insights into the in vivo mechanisms that maintain cell cycle quiescence in adult mammals.
A Rare Noncoding Enhancer Variant in <i>SCN5A</i> Contributes to the High Prevalence of Brugada Syndrome in Thailand
Authors: Roddy Walsh, John Mauleekoonphairoj, Isabella Mengarelli, Fernanda M. Bosada, Arie O. Verkerk, Karel van Duijvenboden, Yong Poovorawan, Wanwarang Wongcharoen, Boosamas Sutjaporn, Pharawee Wandee, Nitinan Chimparlee, Ronpichai Chokesuwattanaskul, Kornkiat Vongpaisarnsin, Piyawan Dangkao, Cheng-I Wu, Rafik Tadros, Ahmad S. Amin, Krystien V.V. Lieve, Pieter G. Postema, Maarten Kooyman, Leander Beekman, Dujdao Sahasatas, Montawatt Amnueypol, Rungroj Krittayaphong, Somchai Prechawat, Alisara Anannab, Pattarapong Makarawate, Tachapong Ngarmukos, Keerapa Phusanti, Gumpanart Veerakul, Zoya Kingsbury, Taksina Newington, Uma Maheswari, Mark T. Ross, Andrew Grace, Pier D. Lambiase, Elijah R. Behr, Jean-Jacques Schott, Richard Redon, Julien Barc, Vincent M. Christoffels, Arthur A.M. Wilde, Koonlawee Nademanee, Connie R. Bezzina, Apichai Khongphatthanayothin
Journal: Circulation (2024)

BACKGROUND: Brugada syndrome (BrS) is a cardiac arrhythmia disorder that causes sudden death in young adults. Rare genetic variants in the SCN5A gene encoding the Na v 1.5 sodium channel and common noncoding variants at this locus are robustly associated with the condition. BrS is particularly prevalent in Southeast Asia but the underlying ancestry-specific factors remain largely unknown. METHODS: Genome sequencing of BrS probands and population-matched controls from Thailand was performed to identify rare noncoding variants at the SCN5A-SCN10A locus that were enriched in patients with BrS. A likely causal variant was prioritized by computational methods and introduced into human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) lines using CRISPR-Cas9. The effect of the variant on SCN5A expression and Na v 1.5 sodium channel current was then assessed in hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs). RESULTS: A rare noncoding variant in an SCN5A intronic enhancer region was highly enriched in patients with BrS (detected in 3.9% of cases with a case-control odds ratio of 45.2). The variant affects a nucleotide conserved across all mammalian species and predicted to disrupt a Mef2 transcription factor binding site. Heterozygous introduction of the enhancer variant in hiPSC-CMs caused significantly reduced SCN5A expression from the variant-containing allele and a 30% reduction in Na v 1.5-mediated sodium current density compared with isogenic controls, confirming its pathogenicity. Patients with the variant had severe phenotypes, with 89% experiencing cardiac arrest. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first example of a functionally validated rare noncoding variant at the SCN5A locus and highlights how genome sequencing in understudied populations can identify novel disease mechanisms. The variant partly explains the increased prevalence of BrS in this region and enables the identification of at-risk variant carriers to reduce the burden of sudden cardiac death in Thailand.
Tracing the evolutionary history of the temperature-sensing prion-like domain in EARLY FLOWERING 3 highlights the uniqueness of <i>At</i>ELF3
Authors: Zihao Zhu, Jana Trenner, Carolin Delker, Marcel Quint
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2024)

Abstract Plants have evolved mechanisms to anticipate and adjust their growth and development in response to environmental changes. Understanding the key regulators of plant performance is crucial to mitigate the negative influence of global climate change on crop production. EARLY FLOWERING 3 (ELF3) is one such regulator playing a critical role in the circadian clock and thermomorphogenesis. In Arabidopsis thaliana, ELF3 contains a prion-like domain (PrLD) that acts as a thermosensor, facilitating liquid-liquid phase separation at high ambient temperatures. To assess the conservation of this function across the plant kingdom, we traced the evolutionary emergence of ELF3, with a focus on the presence of PrLDs. We found that the PrLD, primarily influenced by the length of polyglutamine (polyQ) repeats, is most prominent in Brassicales. Analyzing 319 natural Arabidopsis thaliana accessions, we confirmed the previously described wide range of polyQ length variation in ELF3, but found it to be only weakly associated with geographic origin, climate conditions, and classic temperature-responsive phenotypes. Interestingly, similar polyQ length variation was not observed in several other investigated Bassicaceae species. Based on these findings, available prediction tools and limited experimental evidence, we conclude that the emergence of PrLD, and particularly polyQ length variation, is unlikely to be a key driver of environmental adaptation. Instead, it likely adds an additional layer to ELF3’s role in thermomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana, with its relevance in other species yet to be confirmed.
Associations of Circulating ANGPTL3, C-Terminal Domain–Containing ANGPTL4, and ANGPTL3/8 and ANGPTL4/8 Complexes with LPL Activity, Diabetes, Inflammation, and Cardiovascular Mortality
Authors: Günther Silbernagel, Yan Q. Chen, Hongxia Li, Deven Lemen, Yi Wen, Eugene Y. Zhen, Martin Rief, Marcus E. Kleber, Graciela Delgado, Mark A. Sarzynski, Yue-Wei Qian, Boerge Schmidt, Raimund Erbel, Ulrike Trampisch, Angela P. Moissl, Henrik Rudolf, Heribert Schunkert, Andreas Stang, Winfried März, Hans J. Trampisch, Hubert Scharnagl, Robert J. Konrad
Journal: Circulation (2024)

BACKGROUND: ANGPTL3/4/8 (angiopoietin-like proteins 3, 4, and 8) are important regulators of LPL (lipoprotein lipase). ANGPTL8 forms complexes with ANGPTL3 and ANGPTL4. ANGPTL4/8 complex formation converts ANGPTL4 from a furin substrate to a plasmin substrate, and both cleavages generate similar C-terminal domain–containing (CD)—ANGPTL4 fragments. Whereas several studies have investigated associations of free ANGPTL proteins with cardiovascular risk, there are no data describing associations of the complexes and CD-ANGPTL4 with outcomes or describing the effects of the complexes on LPL bound to GPIHBP1 (glycosylphosphatidylinositol HDL-binding protein 1). METHODS: Recombinant protein assays were used to study ANGPTL protein and complex effects on GPIHBP1-LPL activity. ANGPTL3/8, ANGPTL3, ANGPTL4/8, and CD-ANGPTL4 were measured with dedicated immunoassays in 2394 LURIC (Ludwigshafen Risk and Cardiovascular Health) study participants undergoing coronary angiography and 6188 getABI study (German Epidemiological Trial on Ankle Brachial Index) participants undergoing ankle brachial index measurement. There was a follow-up for cardiovascular death with a median (interquartile range) duration of 9.80 (8.75–10.40) years in the LURIC study and 7.06 (7.00–7.14) years in the getABI study. RESULTS: ANGPTL3/8 potently inhibited GPIHBP1-LPL activity and showed positive associations with LDL-C (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) and triglycerides (both P &lt;0.001). However, in neither study did ANGPTL3/8 correlate with cardiovascular death. Free ANGPTL3 was positively associated with cardiovascular death in the getABI study but not the LURIC study. ANGPTL4/8 and especially CD-ANGPTL4 were positively associated with the prevalence of diabetes, CRP (C-reactive protein; all P &lt;0.001), and cardiovascular death in both studies. In the LURIC and getABI studies, respective hazard ratios for cardiovascular mortality comparing the third with the first ANGPTL4/8 tertile were 1.47 (1.15–1.88) and 1.68 (1.25–2.27) when adjusted for sex, age, body mass index, and diabetes. For CD-ANGPTL4, these hazard ratios were 2.44 (1.86–3.20) and 2.76 (2.00–3.82). CONCLUSIONS: ANGPTL3/8 potently inhibited GPIHBP1-LPL enzymatic activity, consistent with its positive association with serum lipids. However, ANGPTL3/8, LDL-C, and triglyceride levels were not associated with cardiovascular death in the LURIC and getABI cohorts. In contrast, concentrations of ANGPTL4/8 and particularly CD-ANGPTL4 were positively associated with inflammation, the prevalence of diabetes, and cardiovascular mortality.
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease exhibits sex-specific microbial heterogeneity within intestinal compartments
Authors: Carlos Jose Pirola, Maria Silvina Landa, Mariano Schuman, Silvia Inés García, Adrian Salatino, Silvia Sookoian
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2024)

Evidence suggests that the gastrointestinal microbiome plays a significant role in the biology of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). However, it remains unclear whether disparities in the gut microbiome across intestinal tissular compartments between the sexes lead to MASLD pathogenesis.