tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Contemporary national and international guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour for people living with chronic conditions, disability and advanced age: a scoping review
Authors: Mark P Ranasinghe, Harrison Andersen, Ruby K Dempsey, Noah Wexler, Rochelle Davis, Monique Francois, Stephen Gilbert, Anthony David Okely, Catherine Sherrington, Paddy C Dempsey
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2024)

Objectives Physical activity guidelines inform policy and practice in promoting healthier lifestyles. The WHO advocates for distinct recommendations for each country to address variation in needs, resources and context. Specific regional recommendations for three underactive populations facing unique barriers to movement are lacking—people with chronic conditions, disability and advanced age. We review which countries/regions provide specific physical activity guidelines for these populations to identify deficiencies in meeting WHO recommendations and inform future directions for guideline development. Design Scoping review. Data sources OVID Medline, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Google Scholar, ProQuest, CINAHL, Google searches, targeted websites. Eligibility criteria Data sources were searched from database inception to September 2023 to identify community-facing physical activity guidelines at the national/international level for these populations. We recorded, summarised and analysed physical activity guideline recommendations extracted from published guideline documents, organised by population and country/region. Results 66 articles were identified, addressing 28 distinct countries/regions, including four international guidelines, published from 2009 to 2023. The WHO guidelines were adopted by 19 countries and the European Union. Across all regions, a lack of specific advice was identified for individuals with chronic conditions (46%), disability (46%) and advanced age (11%). Advice for chronic conditions and disability commonly replicated general adult population advice. Conclusion Many countries/regions do not produce physical activity guidelines specific to populations with chronic conditions and disability. As such, a large proportion of countries/regions failed to meet WHO recommendations, highlighting a lack of customised advice to address unique barriers faced by vulnerable populations.
Barriers and enablers of adherence to high-intensity interval training among patients with cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Behnaz Mahdaviani, Maryam Selk-Ghaffari, Mojdeh Sarzaeim, Jane S Thornton
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2024)

Objective Physical activity confers physical and psychosocial benefits for cancer patients and decreases morbidity and mortality, but adherence varies. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is time-efficient and may improve adherence. Our aim was to determine barriers and enablers of adherence to HIIT in patients diagnosed with cancer. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data source PubMed-MEDLINE, Scopus and Web of Science. Eligibility criteria Intervention studies including patients diagnosed with any type of cancer, who engaged in HIIT with or without co-intervention in any stage of treatment and have reported outcomes for adherence. Results Eight hundred articles were screened and 22 were included (n=807); 19 were included in the meta-analysis (n=755). Weighted adherence to HIIT was 88% (95% CI, 81% to 94%). None of the studies reported serious adverse events. Although being a woman and having breast cancer were associated with lower adherence (p&lt;0.05), age was not (p=0.15). Adherence was significantly lower during the treatment phase in comparison with pre- and post-treatment phases, 83% versus 94% and 96%, respectively (p&lt;0.001). Session time of more than 60 min, when unsupervised and combined with other interventions, was associated with decreased adherence (p&lt;0.05). Conclusion Adherence to HIIT programmes among cancer patients varies and is improved when the intervention is supervised, of shorter duration, consists of solely HIIT and not in combination with other exercise and occurs during pre- and post-treatment phases. Strategies to improve adherence to HIIT in specific subpopulations may be needed to ensure all patients with cancer are provided optimal opportunities to reap the benefits associated with physical activity. PROSPERO registration CRD42023430180.
Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns and Pattern Recognition Receptors in the Podocyte
Authors: Robert L. Myette, Mayra Trentin-Sonoda, Chloé Landry, Chet E. Holterman, Tony Lin, Dylan Burger, Christopher R.J. Kennedy
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2024)

Podocytes possess immune system components allowing for a variety of innate responses to endogenous and exogenous stimuli. Recently, several groups have linked inappropriate innate immune signaling to podocyte injury, particularly chronic, sustained injury; however, the immune capabilities of podocytes have not been fully elucidated. Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are endogenous danger molecules released from damaged cells, including podocytes, and can elicit an inflammatory response and recruit immune cells to areas of injury. This is performed through binding to pattern recognition receptors. Believed largely to be protective and responsive to injury or infection, recent evidence suggests signaling through DAMP pathways can aggravate and promote chronic diseases already associated with inflammation. The purpose of this narrative review was to highlight current knowledge with respect to specific podocyte DAMPs and pattern recognition receptors and to provide insight into ongoing work and possible future research avenues to advance our understanding of podocyte immune mechanisms.
The Genome Architecture of the Copepod <i>Eurytemora carolleeae,</i> the Highly Invasive Atlantic Clade of the <i>E</i>. <i>affinis</i> Species Complex
Authors: Zhenyong Du, Gregory Gelembiuk, Wynne Moss, Andrew Tritt, Carol Eunmi Lee
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2024)
Whole-genome Sequencing Association Analysis of Quantitative Platelet Traits in A Large Cohort of β-thalassemia
Authors: Xingmin Wang, Qianqian Zhang, Xianming Chen, Yushan Huang, Wei Zhang, Liuhua Liao, Xinhua Zhang, Binbin Huang, Yueyan Huang, Yuhua Ye, Mengyang Song, Jinquan Lao, Juanjuan Chen, Xiaoqin Feng, Xingjiang Long, Zhixiang Liu, Weijian Zhu, Lian Yu, Chengwu Fan, Deguo Tang, Tianyu Zhong, Mingyan Fang, Caiyun Li, Chao Niu, Li Huang, Bin Lin, Xiaoyun Hua, Xin Jin, Zilin Li, Xiangmin Xu
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2024)
Circular RNA-encoded oncogenic PIAS1 variant blocks immunogenic ferroptosis by modulating the balance between SUMOylation and phosphorylation of STAT1
Authors: Xin Zang, Xiao-Yu He, Cheng-Mei Xiao, Qing Lin, Meng-Yue Wang, Cheng-Yan Liu, Ling-Yi Kong, Zhong Chen, Yuan-Zheng Xia
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2024)
CircLIFRSA/miR-1305/PTEN axis attenuates malignant cellular processes in non-small cell lung cancer by regulating AKT phosphorylation
Authors: Meina Jiang, Huihui Bai, Shuai Fang, Chengwei Zhou, Weiyu Shen, Zhaohui Gong
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2024)
Advanced Hybrid Closed-Loop Therapy Compared With Standard Insulin Therapy Intrapartum and Early Postpartum in Women With Type 1 Diabetes: A Secondary Observational Analysis From the CRISTAL Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kaat Beunen, Pieter Gillard, Nancy Van Wilder, Dominique Ballaux, Gerd Vanhaverbeke, Youri Taes, Xavier-Philippe Aers, Frank Nobels, Liesbeth Van Huffel, Joke Marlier, Dahae Lee, Joke Cuypers, Vanessa Preumont, Sarah E. Siegelaar, Rebecca C. Painter, Annouschka Laenen, Chantal Mathieu, Katrien Benhalima
Journal: Diabetes Care (2024)

OBJECTIVE To determine efficacy and safety of intrapartum and early postpartum advanced hybrid closed-loop (AHCL) therapy compared with standard insulin therapy in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes (T1D). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS CRISTAL was a double-arm, open-label, randomized controlled trial performed in Belgium and the Netherlands that assigned 95 pregnant participants with T1D 1:1 to a MiniMed 780G AHCL system (n = 46) or standard insulin therapy (n = 49). This prespecified, secondary observational analysis focused on differences in glycemic control and safety outcomes between participants from the original AHCL group who continued AHCL intrapartum (n = 27) and/or early postpartum (n = 37, until hospital discharge) and those from the original standard insulin therapy group using standard insulin therapy intrapartum (n = 45) and/or early postpartum (n = 34). RESULTS Of the 43 and 46 participants in the AHCL and standard insulin therapy groups, respectively, completing the trial, 27 (62.8%) in the AHCL group continued AHCL and 45 in the standard insulin therapy group (97.8%) continued standard insulin therapy intrapartum. Compared with standard insulin therapy, intrapartum AHCL was associated with more time in range 3.5–7.8 mmol/L (71.5 ± 17.7% vs. 63.1 ± 17.0%, P = 0.030) and numerically lower time above range &amp;gt;7.8 mmol/L (27.3 ± 17.4% vs. 35.3 ± 17.5%, P = 0.054), without increases in time below range &amp;lt;3.5 mmol/L (1.1 ± 2.4% vs. 1.5 ± 2.3%, P = 0.146). Early postpartum, 37 (86.0%) participants randomized to AHCL continued AHCL, with a median increase in insulin-to-carbohydrate ratios of 67% (interquartile range −14 to 126). Similar tight glycemic control (3.9–10.0 mmol/L: 86.8 ± 6.7% vs. 83.8 ± 8.1%, P = 0.124) was observed with AHCL versus standard insulin therapy. No severe hypoglycemia or diabetic ketoacidosis was reported in either group. CONCLUSIONS AHCL is effective in maintaining tight glycemic control intrapartum and early postpartum and can be safely continued during periods of rapidly changing insulin requirements.
Publisher Correction: Statistically and functionally fine-mapped blood eQTLs and pQTLs from 1,405 humans reveal distinct regulation patterns and disease relevance
Authors: Qingbo S Wang, Takanori Hasegawa, Ho Namkoong, Ryunosuke Saiki, Ryuya Edahiro, Kyuto Sonehara, Hiromu Tanaka, Shuhei Azekawa, Shotaro Chubachi, Yugo Takahashi, Saori Sakaue, Shinichi Namba, Kenichi Yamamoto, Yuichi Shiraishi, Kenichi Chiba, Hiroko Tanaka, Hideki Makishima, Yasuhito Nannya, Zicong Zhang, Rika Tsujikawa, Ryuji Koike, Tomomi Takano, Makoto Ishii, Akinori Kimura, Fumitaka Inoue, Takanori Kanai, Koichi Fukunaga, Seishi Ogawa, Seiya Imoto, Satoru Miyano, Yukinori Okada
Journal: Nature Genetics (2024)
A clinically effective model based on cell-free DNA methylation and low-dose CT for risk stratification of pulmonary nodules
Authors: Wenhua Liang, Jinsheng Tao, Chao Cheng, Haitao Sun, Zhujia Ye, Shuangxiu Wu, Yubiao Guo, Jiaqing Zhang, Qunqing Chen, Dan Liu, Lunxu Liu, Hui Tian, Lin Teng, Nanshan Zhong, Jian-Bing Fan, Jianxing He
Journal: Cell Reports Medicine (2024)
Nivolumab in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer with and without DNA repair defects
Authors: Pedro Isaacsson Velho, Diogo Assed. Bastos, Pedro Tofani. Saint'ana, Brenda Rigatti, Emily Tonin. da Costa, David Q.B. Muniz, Felipe Andreis, Rafael Dal Ponte. Ferreira, Luana Giongo Pedrotti, Simone Maistro, Maria Lucia Hirata. Katayama, Maria Aparecida Azevedo Koike. Folgueira, Alessandra Morelle, Alessandro Leal, Gilberto de Castro Junior
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2024)

Abstract Purpose: Despite the success of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) across various cancers, their efficacy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is modest, except for a subset of patients who experience significant, yet unpredictable, benefits. DNA repair defects (DRD) are associated with higher neoantigen load, which may predict response. Our study explored the potential of DRD for enhanced responsiveness to the ICI nivolumab. Methods: We conducted a phase II, multi-center, single-arm trial evaluating nivolumab in post-docetaxel mCRPC patients. DRD was assessed using circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). The primary endpoint was PSA50 response. Secondary endpoints included objective response rate (ORR), radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS), and overall survival (OS). Also, exploratory comprehensive genomic profiling was performed via whole-exome sequencing (WES) of tumor samples and matched normal tissue, alongside PD-L1 expression evaluation. Results: Among the 38 enrolled patients, DRD was identifiable in 30.5% (11/36) through ctDNA and/or WES analysis. The overall PSA50 response rate was 10.5% (4/38). PSA50 response and ORR did not significantly differ between patients with and without DRD (18.2% vs. 8%; p = 0.57 and 50% vs. 17.6%, p= 0.27, respectively). Median PSA-PFS (1.9 vs. 2.8 months, p=0.52) and rPFS (3.4 vs. 5.5 months, p=0.7) were not statistically different between patients with and without DRD. Grade ≥ 3 adverse events were reported in 47.3% of participants. Conclusion: Nivolumab has clinical activity in a subset of mCRPC patients, however, DRD do not predicted response.These results highlight the necessity of identifying new biomarkers to more accurately determine mCRPC patients who might respond to ICIs.
Reduced platelet activation in triple-negative essential thrombocythemia compared with JAK2V617F-mutated essential thrombocythemia
Authors: Huan Dong, Jia Chen, Jing Zhang, Feng Xue, Huiyuan Li, Donglei Zhang, Hu Zhou, Xian Zhang, Yueting Huang, Xiaofan Liu, Yunfei Chen, Wei Liu, Ying Chi, Wentian Wang, Ting Sun, Mankai Ju, Xinyue Dai, Wenjing Gu, Renchi Yang, Rongfeng Fu, Lei Zhang
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2024)

Abstract Purpose: Triple-negative (TN) essential thrombocytopenia (ET) is characterized by the absence of driver mutations while retaining histological and phenotypic characteristics sufficient for an ET diagnosis. Our understanding of TN-ET and its platelet activation remains incomplete. We carried out a large-scale multi-center clinical analysis to analyze the clinical and molecular characteristics, thrombotic complications of TN-ET. We also related the above characteristics to platelet activation to further explore the thrombosis mechanism of TN-ET. Experimental Design:A retrospective multicenter study was conducted on 138 TN-ET and 759 ET patients with driver mutations from 1 March 2012 to 1 December 2021. The clinical and molecular characteristics of the TN-ET were summarized. Additionally, platelet activation, apoptosis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were analyzed in 73 TN-ET patients from this cohort and compared to 41 age- and sex-matched healthy donors.Results:Compared to patients with the JAK2V617F mutation, those with triple-negative mutation were younger (P &amp;lt; 0.001) and exhibited fewer thrombotic events before diagnosis (P &amp;lt; 0.001) and during follow-up (P = 0.039). Patients with triple-negative mutation also presented with significantly reduced CD62P expression in platelets (P = 0.031), slightly reduced calcium concentration in platelets (P = 0.063), increased mitochondrial membrane potential (P = 0.011), reduced phosphatidylserine exposure (P = 0.015), reduced levels of ROS (P = 0.043) and MitoSOX in platelets (P = 0.047).Conclusions: In comparison to JAK2V617F-mutated ET, TN-ET is associated with lower platelet ROS levels, which leads to reduced platelet activation and consequently a lower risk of thrombosis.
Glucagon-Producing Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors (Glucagonomas) are Enriched in Aggressive Neoplasms with ARX and PDX1 Co-expression, DAXX/ATRX Mutations, and ALT (Alternative Lengthening of Telomeres)
Authors: Paola Mattiolo, Michele Bevere, Andrea Mafficini, Anna Vera D Verschuur, Martina Calicchia, Wenzel M Hackeng, Michele Simbolo, Salvatore Paiella, Koen M A Dreijerink, Luca Landoni, Serena Pedron, Sara Cingarlini, Roberto Salvia, Michele Milella, Rita T Lawlor, Gerlof D Valk, Menno R Vriens, Aldo Scarpa, Lodewijk A Brosens, Claudio Luchini
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (2024)
Oxidized Carbon Nanoparticles Enhance Cellular Energetics With Application to Injured Brain
Authors: Karthik Mouli, Anton V. Liopo, Emily A. McHugh, Erica Underwood, Jing Zhao, Pramod K. Dash, Anh T. T. Vo, Vikas Malojirao, Muralidhar Hegde, James M. Tour, Paul J. Derry, Thomas A. Kent
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Abstract Pro‐energetic effects of functionalized, oxidized carbon nanozymes (OCNs) are reported. OCNs, derived from harsh acid oxidation of single‐wall carbon nanotubes or activated charcoal are previously shown to possess multiple nanozymatic activities including mimicking superoxide dismutase and catalyzing the oxidation of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) to NAD + . These actions are predicted to generate a glycolytic shift and enhance mitochondrial energetics under impaired conditions. Impaired mitochondrial energy metabolism is increasingly recognized as an important facet of traumatic brain injury (TBI) pathophysiology and decreases the efficiency of electron transport chain (ETC)‐coupled adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and NAD + regeneration. In vitro, OCNs promote a pro‐aerobic shift in energy metabolism that persists through ETC inhibition and enhances glycolytic flux, glycolytic ATP production, and cellular generation of lactate, a crucial auxiliary substrate for energy metabolism. To address specific mechanisms of iron injury from hemorrhage, OCNs with the iron chelator, deferoxamine (DEF), covalently‐linked were synthesized. DEF‐linked OCNs induce a glycolytic shift in‐vitro and in‐vivo in tissue sections from a rat model of TBI complicated by hemorrhagic contusion. OCNs further reduced hemorrhage volumes 3 days following TBI. These results suggest OCNs are promising as pleiotropic mediators of cell and tissue resilience to injury.
Whole genome sequencing analysis identifies sex differences of familial pattern contributing to phenotypic diversity in autism
Authors: Soo-Whee Kim, Hyeji Lee, Da Yea Song, Gang-Hee Lee, Jungeun Ji, Jung Woo Park, Jae Hyun Han, Jee Won Lee, Hee Jung Byun, Ji Hyun Son, Ye Rim Kim, Yoojeong Lee, Jaewon Kim, Ashish Jung, Junehawk Lee, Eunha Kim, So Hyun Kim, Jeong Ho Lee, F Kyle Satterstrom, Santhosh Girirajan, Anders D Børglum, Jakob Grove, Eunjoon Kim, Donna M Werling, Hee Jeong Yoo, Joon-Yong An
Journal: Genome Medicine (2024)
Letrozole‐Based Near‐Infrared Dynamic Imaging Targeting Ductal‐Vascular RhoJ From Pancreatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia to Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhi Cao, Zhuang Hu, Yishu Wang, Fengyun Zhao, Jingmin Li, Ruihan Li, Weibin Hu, Bei Liu, Shaohui Tang, Ping Wang, Fugui Li, Zilin Chen, Lisheng Wang, Xiaodong Ma
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) relies heavily on neoangiogenesis for its progression, making early detection crucial. Here, LTZi‐MHI148 (Letrozole inhibitor bonding with MHI‐148 dye), a near‐infrared (NIR) fluorescent agent is developed, to target RhoJ (Ras Homolog Family Member J), a protein expressed in neonatal vasculature, for both imaging and therapy of early PDAC. This agent is synthesized by conjugating Letrozole with MHI‐148, exhibiting excellent NIR characteristics and photostability. In vitro studies showed that LTZi‐MHI148 selectively accumulated within pancreatic cancer cells through Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptide (OATP) transporters and bound to cytoplasmic RhoJ. In vivo, the probe effectively targeted neoangiogenesis and Pancreatic Intraepithelial Neoplasias (PanINs) in various PDAC models, including the orthotopic, ectopic, spontaneous, and tamoxifen‐induced tumors. Notably, LTZi‐MHI148 detected preneoplastic PanIN lesions with Overexpressed RhoJ and active neoangiogenesis in both spontaneous and tamoxifen‐induced PDAC murine models. Longitudinal imaging studies revealed that RhoJ‐targeted neoangiogenesis tracks lesion progression, highlighting LTZi‐MHI148's utility in monitoring disease progression. Furthermore, multiple LTZi‐MHI148 administrations attenuated PanINs to PDAC progression, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic intervention. These findings underscore the translational potential of LTZi‐MHI148 for the early detection and targeted therapy of PDAC, utilizing NIR‐I/II imaging to monitor RhoJ overexpression in precancerous ductal neoplasia associated with neoangiogenesis.
Cytokine-mediated CAR T therapy resistance in AML
Authors: Anand S Bhagwat, Leonel Torres, Olga Shestova, Maksim Shestov, Patrick W Mellors, Han R Fisher, Saamia N Farooki, Benjamin F Frost, Michael R Loken, Avery L Gaymon, Diane Frazee, Walter Rogal, Noelle Frey, Elizabeth O Hexner, Selina M Luger, Alison W Loren, Mary Ellen Martin, Shannon R McCurdy, Alexander E Perl, Edward A Stadtmauer, Jennifer L Brogdon, Joseph A Fraietta, Wei-Ting Hwang, Don L Siegel, Gabriela Plesa, Richard Aplenc, David L Porter, Carl H June, Saar I Gill
Journal: Nature Medicine (2024)
Inhibition of hepatic oxalate overproduction ameliorates metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis
Authors: Sandeep Das, Alexandra C Finney, Sumit Kumar Anand, Sumati Rohilla, Yuhao Liu, Nilesh Pandey, Alia Ghrayeb, Dhananjay Kumar, Kelley Nunez, Zhipeng Liu, Fabio Arias, Ying Zhao, Brenna H Pearson-Gallion, M Peyton McKinney, Koral S E Richard, Jose A Gomez-Vidal, Chowdhury S Abdullah, Elizabeth D Cockerham, Joseph Eniafe, Andrew D Yurochko, Tarek Magdy, Christopher B Pattillo, Christopher G Kevil, Babak Razani, Md Shenuarin Bhuiyan, Erin H Seeley, Gretchen E Galliano, Bo Wei, Lin Tan, Iqbal Mahmud, Ida Surakka, Minerva T Garcia-Barrio, Philip L Lorenzi, Eyal Gottlieb, Eduardo Salido, Jifeng Zhang, A Wayne Orr, Wanqing Liu, Monica Diaz-Gavilan, Y Eugene Chen, Nirav Dhanesha, Paul T Thevenot, Ari J Cohen, Arif Yurdagul, Oren Rom
Journal: Nature Metabolism (2024)
SARS-CoV-2-specific plasma cells are not durably established in the bone marrow long-lived compartment after mRNA vaccination
Authors: Doan C Nguyen, Ian T Hentenaar, Andrea Morrison-Porter, David Solano, Natalie S Haddad, Carlos Castrillon, Martin C Runnstrom, Pedro A Lamothe, Joel Andrews, Danielle Roberts, Sagar Lonial, Ignacio Sanz, F Eun-Hyung Lee
Journal: Nature Medicine (2024)
Dopamine-mediated formation of a memory module in the nucleus accumbens for goal-directed navigation
Authors: Kanghoon Jung, Sarah Krüssel, Sooyeon Yoo, Myungmo An, Benjamin Burke, Nicholas Schappaugh, Youngjin Choi, Zirong Gu, Seth Blackshaw, Rui M Costa, Hyung-Bae Kwon
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2024)
Regulatory T cells and their role in allergic disease
Authors: Melanie L. Conrad, Gabriela Barrientos, Xuejun Cai, Saikat Mukherjee, Mrinmoy Das, Emmanuel Stephen‐Victor, Hani Harb
Journal: Allergy (2024)

Abstract The incidence of allergic diseases has been rising over the past decades, and this troubling trend coincides with environmental changes such as shifts in diet and increased antibiotic use, both of which can impact our immune system. Allergic reactions occur when the immune system overreacts to normally harmless substances, and it is known that regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a major role in immune system suppression and the generation of tolerance. However, new research suggests that Tregs can malfunction in environments that promote allergies. This review delves into Treg function, and how environmental factors can influence their ability to maintain immune homeostasis. Specifically, we explore the origins of Treg cells, as well as the mechanisms used for suppression of inflammation and tissue healing, with a concentration on food allergies, atopic dermatitis and asthma. Understanding Treg function in the context of a changing environment is crucial for developing new strategies to prevent and treat allergies.