tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cholangioscopy-assisted endoscopic mucosal resection for bile duct lesions through papillary support: A pilot exploration for super minimally invasive surgery in a porcine model
Authors: Wengang Zhang, Ningli Chai, Bo Zhang, Zhenyu Liu, Jiafeng Wang, Qingzhen Wu, Enqiang Linghu
Journal: Endoscopy (2023)

With the improvement and popularization of radiological and peroral cholangioscopy techniques, more and more polypoid lesions in the biliary duct system, including the common bile duct (CBD), common hepatic duct (CHD), and gallbladder, have been found [1] [2] [3]. Patients with polypoid lesions in the biliary duct system often faced a dilemma. Surgical treatment for those polypoid lesions was accompanied by relatively major trauma; on the other hand, follow-up observation comes with the risk of progression of the lesions. Therefore, our team developed a kind of snare with an electrocision function that can pass through the working tunnel of a peroral cholangioscope. In this study, we attempted the cholangioscopy-assisted endoscopic mucosal resection using the aforementioned snare through papillary support for a CBD lesion in a porcine model.
In vivo selection of anti-HIV-1 gene-modified human hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells to enhance engraftment and HIV-1 inhibition
Authors: Qi Guo, Jian Zhang, Keval Parikh, Alexander Brinkley, Samantha Lin, Christina Zakarian, Olivier Pernet, Saki Shimizu, Wannisa Khamaikawin, Katrin Hacke, Noriyuki Kasahara, Dong Sung An
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2023)
Preventing liver disease with policy measures to tackle alcohol consumption and obesity: The HEPAHEALTH II study
Authors: Lise Retat, Laura Webber, Peter Jepsen, Alexander Martin, Helena Cortez-Pinto, Jeffrey V. Lazarus, Francesco Negro, Markiyan Mitchyn, John Guzek, Joshua Card-Gowers, Hannah Graff, Pierre Nahon, Nick Sheron, Shira Zelber Sagi, Maria Buti
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2023)
Knockout of the inhibitory receptor TIGIT enhances the antitumor response of ex vivo expanded NK cells and prevents fratricide with therapeutic Fc-active TIGIT antibodies
Authors: Md Faqrul Hasan, Amanda R Campbell, Tayler J Croom-Perez, Jeremiah L Oyer, Thomas A Dieffenthaller, Liza D Robles-Carrillo, Catherine A Cash, Jonathan E Eloriaga, Sanjana Kumar, Brendan W Andersen, Meisam Naeimi Kararoudi, Brian P Tullius, Dean A Lee, Alicja J Copik
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2023)

Background Inhibitory receptor T-cell Immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains (TIGIT) expressed by Natural Killer (NK) and T cells regulates cancer immunity and has been touted as the next frontier in the development of cancer immunotherapeutics. Although early results of anti-TIGIT and its combinations with antiprogrammed death-ligand 1 were highly exciting, results from an interim analysis of phase III trials are disappointing. With mixed results, there is a need to understand the effects of therapeutic anti-TIGIT on the TIGIT + immune cells to support its clinical use. Most of the TIGIT antibodies in development have an Fc-active domain, which binds to Fc receptors on effector cells. In mouse models, Fc-active anti-TIGIT induced superior immunity, while Fc receptor engagement was required for its efficacy. NK-cell depletion compromised the antitumor immunity of anti-TIGIT indicating the essential role of NK cells in the efficacy of anti-TIGIT. Since NK cells express TIGIT and Fc-receptor CD16, Fc-active anti-TIGIT may deplete NK cells via fratricide, which has not been studied. Methods CRISPR-Cas9-based TIGIT knockout (KO) was performed in expanded NK cells. Phenotypic and transcriptomic properties of TIGIT KO and wild-type (WT) NK cells were compared with flow cytometry, CyTOF, and RNA sequencing. The effect of TIGIT KO on NK-cell cytotoxicity was determined by calcein-AM release and live cell imaging-based cytotoxicity assays. The metabolic properties of TIGIT KO and WT NK cells were compared with a Seahorse analyzer. The effect of the Fc-component of anti-TIGIT on NK-cell fratricide was determined by co-culturing WT and TIGIT KO NK cells with Fc-active and Fc-inactive anti-TIGIT. Results TIGIT KO increased the cytotoxicity of NK cells against multiple cancer cell lines including spheroids. TIGIT KO NK cells upregulated mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling and had better metabolic fitness with an increased basal glycolytic rate when co-cultured with cancer cells compared with WT NK cells. Importantly, TIGIT KO prevented NK-cell fratricide when combined with Fc-active anti-TIGIT. Conclusions TIGIT KO in ex vivo expanded NK cells increased their cytotoxicity and metabolic fitness and prevented NK-cell fratricide when combined with Fc-active anti-TIGIT antibodies. These fratricide-resistant TIGIT KO NK cells have therapeutic potential alone or in combination with Fc-active anti-TIGIT antibodies to enhance their efficacy.
Comparative Analysis of Various Spider Silks in Regard to Nerve Regeneration: Material Properties and Schwann Cell Response
Authors: Sarah Stadlmayr, Karolina Peter, Flavia Millesi, Anda Rad, Sonja Wolf, Sascha Mero, Martin Zehl, Axel Mentler, Claudia Gusenbauer, Johannes Konnerth, Hannes C. Schniepp, Helga Lichtenegger, Aida Naghilou, Christine Radtke
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Abstract Peripheral nerve reconstruction through the employment of nerve guidance conduits with Trichonephila dragline silk as a luminal filling has emerged as an outstanding preclinical alternative to avoid nerve autografts. Yet, it remains unknown whether the outcome is similar for silk fibers harvested from other spider species. This study compares the regenerative potential of dragline silk from two orb‐weaving spiders, Trichonephila inaurata and Nuctenea umbratica , as well as the silk of the jumping spider Phidippus regius . Proliferation, migration, and transcriptomic state of Schwann cells seeded on these silks are investigated. In addition, fiber morphology, primary protein structure, and mechanical properties are studied. The results demonstrate that the increased velocity of Schwann cells on Phidippus regius fibers can be primarily attributed to the interplay between the silk's primary protein structure and its mechanical properties. Furthermore, the capacity of silk fibers to trigger cells toward a gene expression profile of a myelinating Schwann cell phenotype is shown. The findings for the first time allow an in‐depth comparison of the specific cellular response to various native spider silks and a correlation with the fibers’ material properties. This knowledge is essential to open up possibilities for targeted manufacturing of synthetic nervous tissue replacement.
Bone Organoids: Recent Advances and Future Challenges
Authors: Ding Zhao, Qimanguli Saiding, Yihan Li, Yunkai Tang, Wenguo Cui
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Bone defects stemming from tumorous growths, traumatic events, and diverse conditions present a profound conundrum in clinical practice and research. While bone has the inherent ability to regenerate, substantial bone anomalies require bone regeneration techniques. Bone organoids represent a new concept in this field, involving the 3D self-assembly of bone-associated stem cells guided in vitro with or without extracellular matrix material, resulting in a tissue that mimics the structural, functional, and genetic properties of native bone tissue. Within the scientific panorama, bone organoids ascend to an esteemed status, securing significant experimental endorsement. Through a synthesis of current literature and pioneering studies, this review offers a comprehensive survey of the bone organoid paradigm, delves into the quintessential architecture and ontogeny of bone, and highlights the latest progress in bone organoid fabrication. Further, existing challenges and prospective directions for future research are identified, advocating for interdisciplinary collaboration to fully harness the potential of this burgeoning domain. Conclusively, as bone organoid technology continues to mature, its implications for both clinical and research landscapes are poised to be profound.
Asthmatic patients with high serum amyloid A have proinflammatory HDL: Implications for augmented systemic and airway inflammation
Authors: Xianglan Yao, Maryann Kaler, Xuan Qu, Rama Satyanarayana Raju Kalidhindi, Denis Sviridov, Amaury Dasseux, Eric Barr, Karen Keeran, Kenneth R. Jeffries, Zu-Xi Yu, Meixia Gao, Scott Gordon, Amisha V. Barochia, Joni Mills, Shahid Shahid, Nargues A. Weir, Or Kalchiem-Dekel, Patricia Theard, Martin P. Playford, Mario Stylianou, Wendy Fitzgerald, Alan T. Remaley, Stewart J. Levine
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2023)
Efficacy and safety of onasemnogene abeparvovec in children with spinal muscular atrophy type 1: real-world evidence from 6 infusion centres in the United Kingdom
Authors: Vasantha Gowda, Mark Atherton, Archana Murugan, Laurent Servais, Jennie Sheehan, Emma Standing, Adnan Manzur, Mariacristina Scoto, Giovanni Baranello, Pinki Munot, Gary McCullagh, Tracey Willis, Sandya Tirupathi, Iain Horrocks, Anil Dhawan, Michael Eyre, Maria Vanegas, Miguel A. Fernandez-Garcia, Amy Wolfe, Laura Pinches, Marjorie Illingworth, Marion Main, Lianne Abbott, Hayley Smith, Emily Milton, Sarah D’Urso, Kayal Vijayakumar, Silvia Sanchez Marco, Sinead Warner, Emily Reading, Isobel Douglas, Francesco Muntoni, Min Ong, Anirban Majumdar, Imelda Hughes, Heinz Jungbluth, Elizabeth Wraige
Journal: The Lancet Regional Health - Europe (2023)

Real-world data on the efficacy and safety of onasemnogene abeparvovec (OA) in spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) are needed, especially to overcome uncertainties around its use in older and heavier children. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of OA in patients with SMA type 1 in the UK, including patients ≥2 years old and weighing ≥13.5 kg.
Rare diseases: still on the fringes of universal health coverage in Europe
Authors: Birutė Tumienė, Augutė Juozapavičiūtė, Vytenis Andriukaitis
Journal: The Lancet Regional Health - Europe (2023)

Despite general advancements in population health indicators and universal health coverage, people living with rare diseases and their families still experience considerable unmet needs, including prolonged diagnostic journeys, limited treatment options, and a huge psychosocial burden due to the lack of coordinated, integrated care. Attainment of universal health coverage for rare diseases is dependent on fundamentally different health determinants and demands for different solutions. This involves consolidating expertise through Centers of Excellence, establishing efficient care pathways, fostering extensive collaboration at European and global levels in research and healthcare, and putting patients at the center of care. Furthermore, development of specific indicators and coding systems is crucial for monitoring progress. Only in this way Europe can strive towards a future where people living with rare diseases receive the same level of equitable, safe, high-quality healthcare as other members of the society, in alignment with the overarching goal of leaving no one behind.
Pneumococcal serotypes and risk factors in adult community acquired pneumonia 2018–20: a multicentre UK cohort study
Authors: Louise Lansbury, Hannah Lawrence, Tricia M. McKeever, Neil French, Stephen Aston, Adam T. Hill, Harry Pick, Vadsala Baskaran, Rochelle C. Edwards-Pritchard, Lesley Bendall, Deborah Ashton, Jo Butler, Priya Daniel, Thomas Bewick, Chamira Rodrigo, David Litt, Seyi Eletu, Carmen L. Sheppard, Norman K. Fry, Shamez Ladhani, Caroline Trotter, Wei Shen Lim
Journal: The Lancet Regional Health - Europe (2023)

Higher-valency pneumococcal vaccines are anticipated. We aimed to describe serotype distribution and risk factors for vaccine-serotype community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in the two years pre-SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
How to score the impact of treatment on cutaneous neurofibromas in clinical trials?
Authors: Nicolas Ortonne
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2023)

Journal Article How to score the impact of treatment on cutaneous neurofibromas in clinical trials Get access Nicolas Ortonne Nicolas Ortonne Conceptualization, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing Department of Pathology, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Henri-Mondor HospitalUniversité Paris Est CréteilINSERM U955 Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Paris Est Créteil University, Créteil, France Email: nicolas.ortonne@aphp.fr https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0111-7422 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 190, Issue 2, February 2024, Pages 147–148, https://doi.org/10.1093/bjd/ljad492 Published: 12 December 2023 Article history Received: 01 December 2023 Revision received: 04 December 2023 Accepted: 04 December 2023 Published: 12 December 2023 Corrected and typeset: 09 January 2024
Retraction—Addressing hearing loss at all ages
Authors: None The Lancet Public Health Editors
Journal: The Lancet Public Health (2023)

In this Editorial,1The Lancet Public HealthRetracted—Addressing hearing loss at all ages.Lancet Public Health. 2023; 8: e318Summary Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (0) Google Scholar the Editors cite and interpret data based on an Article, which has now been retracted. In these circumstances, the UK Committee on Publication Ethics advises that linked commentaries should also be retracted to avoid any misunderstanding among readers. We are therefore retracting this Editorial. RETRACTED: Addressing hearing loss at all agesMore than 1·5 billion people experience some degree of hearing loss, a number that could increase to 2·5 billion by 2050, according to WHO's World Report on Hearing . Hearing loss is often seen as an invisible disability. Not only because it is not associated with visible signs but also because it does not receive the attention it should. The consequences of hearing loss can be profound. Untreated hearing loss can be associated with unemployment, social isolation, and affect quality of life. In children, hearing loss can affect spoken language and development. Full-Text PDF Open Access
Retraction—Association between hearing aid use and all-cause and cause-specific dementia: an analysis of the UK Biobank cohort
Authors: None The Lancet Public Health Editors
Journal: The Lancet Public Health (2023)

On Nov 27, 2023, we have been informed by the authors of the paper—Association between hearing aid use and all-cause and cause-specific dementia: an analysis of the UK Biobank cohort—published on April 13, 2023,1Jiang F Mishra SR Shrestha N et al.Retracted—Association between hearing aid use and all-cause and cause-specific dementia: an analysis of the UK Biobank cohort.Lancet Public Health. 2023; 8: e329-e338Summary Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (16) Google Scholar that an error was introduced in the output format setting of their SAS codes (data for people with hearing loss using hearing aids and with hearing loss without using hearing aids were switched), leading to errors in their analysis which render their findings and conclusions false and misleading. These errors were identified by the authors following an exchange with scientists seeking to reproduce the authors' findings. We are therefore retracting this Article. RETRACTED: Association between hearing aid use and all-cause and cause-specific dementia: an analysis of the UK Biobank cohortIn people with hearing loss, hearing aid use is associated with a risk of dementia of a similar level to that of people without hearing loss. With the postulation that up to 8% of dementia cases could be prevented with proper hearing loss management, our findings highlight the urgent need to take measures to address hearing loss to improve cognitive decline. Full-Text PDF Open Access
Atezolizumab plus chemotherapy versus placebo plus chemotherapy in untreated locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma (IMvigor130): final overall survival analysis results from a randomised, controlled, phase 3 study
Authors: Enrique Grande, José Á Arranz, Maria De Santis, Aristotelis Bamias, Eiji Kikuchi, Xavier Garcia del Muro, Se Hoon Park, Ugo De Giorgi, Boris Alekseev, Marina Mencinger, Kouji Izumi, Fabio A Schutz, Javier Puente, Jian-Ri Li, Peter H O'Donnell, Arash Rezazadeh Kalebasty, Dingwei Ye, Sanjeev Mariathasan, FabioIa Bene-Tchaleu, Sandrine Bernhard, Chooi Lee, Ian D Davis, Matthew D Galsky
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2023)
Nutrition in chronic inflammatory conditions: Bypassing the mucosal block for micronutrients
Authors: Franziska Roth‐Walter, Roberto Berni Canani, Liam O'Mahony, Diego Peroni, Milena Sokolowska, Emilia Vassilopoulou, Carina Venter
Journal: Allergy (2023)

Abstract Nutritional Immunity is one of the most ancient innate immune responses, during which the body can restrict nutrients availability to pathogens and restricts their uptake by the gut mucosa (mucosal block). Though this can be a beneficial strategy during infection, it also is associated with non‐communicable diseases—where the pathogen is missing; leading to increased morbidity and mortality as micronutritional uptake and distribution in the body is hindered. Here, we discuss the acute immune response in respect to nutrients, the opposing nutritional demands of regulatory and inflammatory cells and particularly focus on some nutrients linked with inflammation such as iron, vitamins A, Bs, C, and other antioxidants. We propose that while the absorption of certain micronutrients is hindered during inflammation, the dietary lymph path remains available. As such, several clinical trials investigated the role of the lymphatic system during protein absorption, following a ketogenic diet and an increased intake of antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals, in reducing inflammation and ameliorating disease.
Laboratory-acquired infections and pathogen escapes worldwide between 2000 and 2021: a scoping review
Authors: Stuart D Blacksell, Sandhya Dhawan, Marina Kusumoto, Khanh K Le, Kathrin Summermatter, Joseph O’Keefe, Joseph P Kozlovac, Salama S Almuhairi, Indrawati Sendow, Christina M Scheel, Anthony Ahumibe, Zibusiso M Masuku, Allan M Bennett, Kazunobu Kojima, David R Harper, Keith Hamilton
Journal: The Lancet Microbe (2023)

Laboratory-acquired infections (LAIs) and accidental pathogen escape from laboratory settings (APELS) are major concerns for the community. A risk-based approach for pathogen research management within a standard biosafety management framework is recommended but is challenging due to reasons such as inconsistency in risk tolerance and perception. Here, we performed a scoping review using publicly available, peer-reviewed journal and media reports of LAIs and instances of APELS between 2000 and 2021. We identified LAIs in 309 individuals in 94 reports for 51 pathogens. Eight fatalities (2·6% of all LAIs) were caused by infection with Neisseria meningitidis (n=3, 37·5%), Yersinia pestis (n=2, 25%), Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium (S Typhimurium; n=1, 12·5%), or Ebola virus (n=1, 12·5%) or were due to bovine spongiform encephalopathy (n=1, 12·5%). The top five LAI pathogens were S Typhimurium (n=154, 49·8%), Salmonella enteritidis (n=21, 6·8%), vaccinia virus (n=13, 4·2%), Brucella spp (n=12, 3·9%), and Brucella melitensis (n=11, 3·6%). 16 APELS were reported, including those for Bacillus anthracis, SARS-CoV, and poliovirus (n=3 each, 18·8%); Brucella spp and foot and mouth disease virus (n=2 each, 12·5%); and variola virus, Burkholderia pseudomallei, and influenza virus H5N1 (n=1 each, 6·3%). Continual improvement in LAI and APELS management via their root cause analysis and thorough investigation of such incidents is essential to prevent future occurrences. The results are biased due to the reliance on publicly available information, which emphasises the need for formalised global LAIs and APELS reporting to better understand the frequency of and circumstances surrounding these incidents.
Changing patterns in the epidemiology of drug allergy
Authors: Immaculada Doña, Maria Jose Torres, Gulfem Celik, Elizabeth Phillips, Luciana Kase Tanno, Mariana Castells
Journal: Allergy (2023)

Abstract Drug allergy (DA) remains a complex and unaddressed problem worldwide that often deprives patients of optimal medication choices and places them at risk for life‐threatening reactions. Underdiagnosis and overdiagnosis are common and due to the lack of standardized definitions and biomarkers. The true burden of DA is unknown, and recent efforts in data gathering through electronic medical records are starting to provide emerging patterns around the world. Ten percent of the general population engaged in health care claim to have a DA, and the most common label is penicillin allergy. Up to 20% of emergency room visits for anaphylaxis are due to DA and 15%–20% of hospitalized patients report DA. It is estimated that DA will increase based on the availability and use of new and targeted antibiotics, vaccines, chemotherapies, biologicals, and small molecules, which are aimed at improving patient's options and quality of life. Global and regional variations in the prevalence of diseases such as human immunodeficiency virus and mycobacterial diseases, and the drugs used to treat these infections have an impact on DA. The aim of this review is to provide an update on the global impact of DA by presenting emerging data on drug epidemiology in adult and pediatric populations.
Sunvozertinib for patients in China with platinum-pretreated locally advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer and EGFR exon 20 insertion mutation (WU-KONG6): single-arm, open-label, multicentre, phase 2 trial
Authors: Mengzhao Wang, Yun Fan, Meili Sun, Yongsheng Wang, Yanqiu Zhao, Bo Jin, Ying Hu, Zhigang Han, Xia Song, Anwen Liu, Kejing Tang, Cuimin Ding, Li Liang, Lin Wu, Junzhen Gao, Jianghong Wang, Ying Cheng, Jianying Zhou, Yong He, Xiaorong Dong, Yu Yao, Yan Yu, Huijie Wang, Si Sun, Jianan Huang, Jian Fang, Wen Li, Lin Wang, Xiubao Ren, Chengzhi Zhou, Yanping Hu, Dahai Zhao, Runxiang Yang, Fei Xu, Yijiang Huang, Yueyin Pan, Jiuwei Cui, Yan Xu, Zhenfan Yang, Yuankai Shi
Journal: The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (2023)
Spatial Relationships in the Tumor Microenvironment Demonstrate Association with Pathologic Response to Neoadjuvant Chemoimmunotherapy in Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer
Authors: Wolfgang Beckabir, Sara E. Wobker, Jeffrey S. Damrauer, Bentley Midkiff, Gabriela De la Cruz, Vladmir Makarov, Leah Flick, Mark G. Woodcock, Petros Grivas, Marc A. Bjurlin, Michael R. Harrison, Benjamin G. Vincent, Tracy L. Rose, Shilpa Gupta, William Y. Kim, Matthew I. Milowsky
Journal: European Urology (2023)
DNA Conserved in Diverse Animals Since the Precambrian Controls Genes for Embryonic Development
Authors: Martin C Frith, Shengliang Ni
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2023)

DNA that controls gene expression (e.g. enhancers, promoters) has seemed almost never to be conserved between distantly related animals, like vertebrates and arthropods. This is mysterious, because development of such animals is partly organized by homologous genes with similar complex expression patterns, termed "deep homology." Here, we report 25 regulatory DNA segments conserved across bilaterian animals, of which 7 are also conserved in cnidaria (coral and sea anemone). They control developmental genes (e.g. Nr2f, Ptch, Rfx1/3, Sall, Smad6, Sp5, Tbx2/3), including six homeobox genes: Gsx, Hmx, Meis, Msx, Six1/2, and Zfhx3/4. The segments contain perfectly or near-perfectly conserved CCAAT boxes, E-boxes, and other sequences recognized by regulatory proteins. More such DNA conservation will surely be found soon, as more genomes are published and sequence comparison is optimized. This reveals a control system for animal development conserved since the Precambrian.