tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Myocardial delivery of miR30d with peptide-functionalized milk-derived extracellular vesicles for targeted treatment of hypertrophic heart failure
Authors: Lingjun Tong, Qiyue Wang, Yameng Zhang, Fengling Lai, Jiarun Xu, Wenchao Yin, Sitong Zhang, Guoyue Wei, Jie Yin, Huaxi Yi, Gert Storm, Zhaoyang Wang, Rong Huang, Tao Xu, Jiong-Wei Wang
Journal: Biomaterials (2024)
Comparative efficacy and acceptability of psychosocial interventions for PTSD, depression, and anxiety in asylum seekers, refugees, and other migrant populations: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled studies
Authors: Giulia Turrini, Marianna Purgato, Camilla Cadorin, Monica Bartucz, Doriana Cristofalo, Chiara Gastaldon, Michela Nosè, Giovanni Ostuzzi, Davide Papola, Eleonora Prina, Federico Tedeschi, Anke B Witteveen, Marit Sijbrandij, Corrado Barbui
Journal: The Lancet Regional Health - Europe (2024)
Long-term efficacy and safety of secukinumab in patients with moderate-to-severe hidradenitis suppurativa: Week 104 results from the SUNSHINE and SUNRISE extension trial
Authors: Alexa B Kimball, Falk G Bechara, Aysha Badat, Evangelos J Giamarellos-Bourboulis, Alice B Gottlieb, Gregor B E Jemec, Ziad Reguiai, Axel P Villani, Ivette Alarcon, Amita Bansal, Francesca Gasperoni, Ruvie Martin, Bertrand Paguet, Lorenz Uhlmann, Hichem Zouater, Shoba Ravichandran, Afsaneh Alavi
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2024)

Abstract Background SUNSHINE and SUNRISE demonstrated sustained clinical efficacy of secukinumab in patients with moderate-to-severe hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) through 52 weeks. Patients completing the core trials could enter a 4-year extension trial. Objectives To evaluate the long-term efficacy, safety/tolerability, and maintenance of clinical response of secukinumab through Week 104 in the extension trial. Methods Patients with a HS clinical response (HiSCR) at Week 52 of the core trials (extension trial baseline visit) entered a randomised withdrawal period. HiSCR responders receiving subcutaneous (s.c.) secukinumab 300 mg every 2/4 weeks (SECQ2W/SECQ4W) through Week 52 in the core trials were randomised 2:1 to continue secukinumab (SECQ2W-R-Q2W or SECQ4W-R-Q4W) or receive placebo (SECQ2W-R-PBO or SECQ4W-R-PBO) through Week 104. The primary endpoint was time to loss of response (LOR; newly-defined for this trial) through Week 104 in Week 52 HiSCR responders (SECQ2W-R-Q2W vs. SECQ2W-R-PBO and SECQ4W-R-Q4W vs. SECQ4W-R-PBO). Time to LOR was tested at 1.25% (one-sided) for each comparison (one-sided familywise alpha of 2.5%) through Week 104. If LOR was met, patients could remain in the trial on open-label secukinumab treatment. Additional endpoints included safety and HiSCR. Results Overall, 84.3% of patients completing the core trials entered the extension trial; 55.9% were Week 52 HiSCR responders. The primary endpoint was not met for either secukinumab dosing regimen. The estimated risk reduction for LOR was 13% (SECQ2W-R-Q2W vs. SECQ2W-R-PBO; one-sided P=0.250) and 30% (SECQ4W-R-Q4W vs. SECQ4W-R-PBO; one-sided P=0.044). The median time to LOR was numerically longer in secukinumab arms versus placebo (SECQ2W-R-Q2W [283 days; 95% CI: 176, –] vs. SECQ2W-R-PBO [239 days; 95% CI: 120, –]; SECQ4W-R-Q4W [365 days 95% CI: 225, –] vs. SECQ4W-R-PBO [171 days; 95% CI: 113, 337]). In Week 52 HiSCR responders reporting LOR, 43.8% (SECQ2W-R-Q2W), 57.5% (SECQ2W-R-PBO), 39.7% (SECQ4W-R-Q4W) and 34.1% (SECQ4W-R-PBO) were achieving HiSCR at the time of LOR. Overall, the safety of secukinumab was consistent with the core trials. Conclusions The primary endpoint of this trial was not met. HiSCR was maintained in many patients at the time of LOR. The safety of secukinumab was consistent with the previously characterised safety profile in the core trials. Trial Registration Clinicaltrials.gov ID NCT04179175
Structure-guided development of selective caseinolytic protease P agonists as antistaphylococcal agents
Authors: Tao Zhang, Pengyu Wang, Hailing Zhou, Bingyan Wei, Yanling Zhao, Jiahui Li, Min Zhang, Wenjuan Wu, Lefu Lan, Jianhua Gan, Cai-Guang Yang
Journal: Cell Reports Medicine (2024)
Toripalimab plus anlotinib in patients with recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A multicenter, single-arm phase 2 trial (TORAL)
Authors: Yuchen Zhang, Qihua Zou, Baitian Zhao, Ning Su, Zhihua Li, Xicheng Wang, Panpan Liu, Xiaopeng Tian, Xiaojie Fang, Jun Cai, Lirong Li, Yingxian Liu, Yi Xia, Qingqing Cai
Journal: Cell Reports Medicine (2024)
Minocycline nanoplatform penetrates the BBB and enables the targeted treatment of Parkinson's disease with cognitive impairment
Authors: Guowang Cheng, Zhiwen Liu, Zhao Yan, Jiaxin Wu, Zilin Li, Sijia Gao, Chunye Zheng, Shuanshuan Guo, Yue Pan, Xiaojia Chen, Guanghui Lin, Jianhua Zhou, Tongkai Chen
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2024)
Advances in cervical cancer: current insights and future directions
Authors: Miaochun Xu, Canhui Cao, Peng Wu, Xiaoyuan Huang, Ding Ma
Journal: Cancer Communications (2024)

Abstract In alignment with the World Health Organization's strategy to eliminate cervical cancer, substantial progress has been made in the treatment of this malignancy. Cervical cancer, largely driven by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, is considered preventable and manageable because of its well‐established etiology. Advancements in precision screening technologies, such as DNA methylation triage, HPV integration detection, liquid biopsies, and artificial intelligence‐assisted diagnostics, have augmented traditional screening methods such as HPV nucleic acid testing and cytology. Therapeutic strategies aimed at eradicating HPV and reversing precancerous lesions have been refined as pivotal measures for disease prevention. The controversy surrounding surgery for early‐stage cervical cancer revolves around identifying optimal candidates for minimally invasive and conservative procedures without compromising oncological outcomes. Recent clinical trials have yielded promising results for the development of systemic therapies for advanced cervical cancer. Immunotherapies, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), antibody‐drug conjugates (ADCs), and targeted therapy have demonstrated significant effectiveness, marking a substantial advancement in cervical cancer management. Various combination therapies have been validated, and ongoing trials aim to enhance outcomes through the development of novel drugs and optimized combination regimens. The prospect of eradicating cervical cancer as the first malignancy to be eliminated is now within reach. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the latest scientific insights, with a particular focus on precision managements for various stages of cervical disease, and explore future research directions in cervical cancer.
A machine-learned model for predicting weight loss success using weight change features early in treatment
Authors: Farzad Shahabi, Samuel L. Battalio, Angela Fidler Pfammatter, Donald Hedeker, Bonnie Spring, Nabil Alshurafa
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2024)

Stepped-care obesity treatments aim to improve efficiency by early identification of non-responders and adjusting interventions but lack validated models. We trained a random forest classifier to improve the predictive utility of a clinical decision rule (>0.5 lb weight loss/week) that identifies non-responders in the first 2 weeks of a stepped-care weight loss trial (SMART). From 2009 to 2021, 1058 individuals with obesity participated in three studies: SMART, Opt-IN, and ENGAGED. The model was trained on 80% of the SMART data (224 participants), and its in-distribution generalizability was tested on the remaining 20% (remaining 57 participants). The out-of-distribution generalizability was tested on the ENGAGED and Opt-IN studies (472 participants). The model predicted weight loss at month 6 with an 84.5% AUROC and an 86.3% AUPRC. SHAP identified predictive features: weight loss at week 2, ranges/means and ranges of weight loss, slope, and age. The SMART-trained model showed generalizable performance with no substantial difference across studies.
Characterizing the evolutionary dynamics of cancer proliferation in single-cell clones with SPRINTER
Authors: Olivia Lucas, Sophia Ward, Rija Zaidi, Abigail Bunkum, Alexander M. Frankell, David A. Moore, Mark S. Hill, Wing Kin Liu, Daniele Marinelli, Emilia L. Lim, Sonya Hessey, Cristina Naceur-Lombardelli, Andrew Rowan, Sukhveer Kaur Purewal-Mann, Haoran Zhai, Michelle Dietzen, Boyue Ding, Gary Royle, Samuel Aparicio, Nicholas McGranahan, Mariam Jamal-Hanjani, Nnennaya Kanu, Charles Swanton, Simone Zaccaria
Journal: Nature Genetics (2024)

Abstract Proliferation is a key hallmark of cancer, but whether it differs between evolutionarily distinct clones co-existing within a tumor is unknown. We introduce the Single-cell Proliferation Rate Inference in Non-homogeneous Tumors through Evolutionary Routes (SPRINTER) algorithm that uses single-cell whole-genome DNA sequencing data to enable accurate identification and clone assignment of S- and G2-phase cells, as assessed by generating accurate ground truth data. Applied to a newly generated longitudinal, primary-metastasis-matched dataset of 14,994 non-small cell lung cancer cells, SPRINTER revealed widespread clone proliferation heterogeneity, orthogonally supported by Ki-67 staining, nuclei imaging and clinical imaging. We further demonstrated that high-proliferation clones have increased metastatic seeding potential, increased circulating tumor DNA shedding and clone-specific altered replication timing in proliferation- or metastasis-related genes associated with expression changes. Applied to previously generated datasets of 61,914 breast and ovarian cancer cells, SPRINTER revealed increased single-cell rates of different genomic variants and enrichment of proliferation-related gene amplifications in high-proliferation clones.
Social and genetic diversity in first farmers of central Europe
Authors: Pere Gelabert, Penny Bickle, Daniela Hofmann, Maria Teschler-Nicola, Alexandra Anders, Xin Huang, Michelle Hämmerle, Iñigo Olalde, Romain Fournier, Harald Ringbauer, Ali Akbari, Olivia Cheronet, Iosif Lazaridis, Nasreen Broomandkhoshbacht, Daniel M. Fernandes, Katharina Buttinger, Kim Callan, Francesca Candilio, Guillermo Bravo Morante, Elizabeth Curtis, Matthew Ferry, Denise Keating, Suzanne Freilich, Aisling Kearns, Éadaoin Harney, Ann Marie Lawson, Kirsten Mandl, Megan Michel, Victoria Oberreiter, Brina Zagorc, Jonas Oppenheimer, Susanna Sawyer, Constanze Schattke, Kadir Toykan Özdoğan, Lijun Qiu, J. Noah Workman, Fatma Zalzala, Swapan Mallick, Matthew Mah, Adam Micco, Franz Pieler, Juraj Pavuk, Alena Šefčáková, Catalin Lazar, Andrej Starović, Marija Djuric, Maja Krznarić Škrivanko, Mario Šlaus, Željka Bedić, Friederike Novotny, László D. Szabó, Orsolya Cserpák-Laczi, Tamara Hága, László Szolnoki, Zsigmond Hajdú, Pavel Mirea, Emese Gyöngyvér Nagy, Zsuzsanna M. Virág, Attila Horváth M., László András Horváth, Katalin T. Biró, László Domboróczki, Tamás Szeniczey, János Jakucs, Márta Szelekovszky, Farkas Zoltán, Sándor József Sztáncsuj, Krisztián Tóth, Piroska Csengeri, Ildikó Pap, Róbert Patay, Anđelka Putica, Branislav Vasov, Bálint Havasi, Katalin Sebők, Pál Raczky, Gabriella Lovász, Zdeněk Tvrdý, Nadin Rohland, Mario Novak, Matej Ruttkay, Maria Krošláková, Jozef Bátora, Tibor Paluch, Dušan Borić, János Dani, Martin Kuhlwilm, Pier Francesco Palamara, Tamás Hajdu, Ron Pinhasi, David Reich
Journal: Nature Human Behaviour (2024)
Structure-dependent stimulation of gut bacteria by arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides (AXOS): a review
Authors: Kai P. Leschonski, Martin S. Mortensen, Lea B.S. Hansen, Kristian B.R.M. Krogh, Mirjam A. Kabel, Martin F. Laursen
Journal: Gut Microbes (2024)

Arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides (AXOS) are non-digestible dietary fibers that potentially confer a health benefit by stimulating beneficial bacteria in the gut. Still, a detailed overview of the diversity of gut bacteria and their specificity to utilize structurally different AXOS has not been provided to date and was aimed for in this study. Moreover, we assessed the genetic information of summarized bacteria, and we extracted genes expected to encode for enzymes that are involved in AXOS hydrolysis (based on the CAZy database). The taxa involved in AXOS fermentation in the gut display a large variety of AXOS-active enzymes in their genome and consequently utilize AXOS to a highly different extent. Clostridia and Bacteroidales are generalists that consume many structurally diverse AXOS, whereas Bifidobacterium are specialists that specifically consume AXOS with a low degree of polymerization. Further complexity is evident from the fact that the exact bacterial species, and in some cases even the bacterial strains (e.g. in Bifidobacterium longum) that are stimulated, highly depend on the specific AXOS molecular structure. Furthermore, certain species in Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillaceae are active as cross-feeders and consume monosaccharides and unbranched short xylo-oligosaccharides released from AXOS. Our review highlights the possibility that (enzymatic) fine-tuning of specific AXOS structures leads to improved precision in targeting growth of specific beneficial bacterial species and strains in the gut.
Response of the German public health service to the first imported mpox clade Ib case in Germany, October 2024
Authors: Rosanne de Jong, Jennifer Schauer, Annelene Kossow, Sibylle Scharkus, Annette Jurke
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2024)

In October 2024, the first imported mpox clade Ib case was confirmed in Germany in an individual in their thirties returning from Rwanda. In this report we summarise the response from the public health service in North Rhine-Westphalia related to case management, contact tracing and institutional collaborations. Our findings highlight the importance of a coordinated public health response in the management of imported mpox cases and in preventing the transmission of mpox clade Ib in Germany and beyond.
Trends in new HIV diagnoses and factors contributing to late diagnosis among migrant populations in EU/EEA countries, 2014 to 2023
Authors: Juliana Reyes-Urueña, Giorgia Stoppa, Federica Pizzolato, Marieke J van der Werf, Charlotte Deogan, Vítor Cabral-Veríssimo, Helena Cortes-Martins, Jessika Deblonde, Asuncion Diaz, Victoria Hernando, Erna Milunka-Kojic, Joël Mossong, Kate O'Donnell, Eline Op de Coul, Chrysa Tsiara, Lilian van Leest, Dominique Van Beckhoven, Maria Wessman, Robert Whittaker
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2024)

We analysed trends in new HIV diagnoses and factors contributing to late diagnosis among migrants in countries in the European Union (EU)/European Economic Area (EEA) from 2014 to 2023. Of the total reported HIV diagnoses, 45.9% were in migrants, with 13.3% born in EU/EEA countries and 86.7% in non-EU/EEA countries. Late diagnosis was observed in 52.4% of migrants, particularly among non-EU/EEA migrants with heterosexual transmission, regardless of sex. Improved HIV prevention and testing strategies are essential for at-risk migrant populations.
Genomic epidemiological analysis of a single-centre polyclonal outbreak of Serratia marcescens, Belgium, 2022 to 2023
Authors: Sam Van Goethem, Basil Britto Xavier, Youri Glupczynski, Matilda Berkell, Philippe Willems, Bruno Van Herendael, Katrien Hoet, Katleen Plaskie, Daan Van Brusselen, Herman Goossens, Surbhi Malhotra-Kumar
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2024)

Serratia marcescens is an opportunistic pathogen with a propensity to cause nosocomial outbreaks, particularly in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). We present a sustained outbreak spanning over 18 months (1 January 2022–29 August 2023) in a NICU in Antwerp, Belgium, affecting 61 neonates, identified through samples taken for diagnostic purposes and by rectal screening. Ten neonates were infected: five with lower respiratory tract infection, four with conjunctivitis and one fatal case with sepsis. In a logistic regression analysis, nursing in an incubator was significantly associated with acquisition of S. marcescens (odds ratio (OR): 2.99; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.14–8.25; p &lt; 0.05). Whole genome sequencing-based multilocus sequence typing (wgMLST) and core genome single nucleotide polymorphism (cgSNP) analysis of isolates from clinical (n = 4), screening (n = 52) and environmental samples (n = 8), identified eight clusters and five singletons not associated with the clusters. Although outbreak measures were successful in containing further spread within the ward during sudden surges when &gt; 4 cases per week were identified (peak events), several peaks with different clonal clusters occurred. The emergence of similar outbreaks in Belgian hospitals underscores the need of continuous surveillance and NICU-specific infection prevention and control (IPC) measures.
Outbreak of paediatric myocarditis associated with parvovirus B19 infection in Italy, January to October 2024
Authors: Marco Poeta, Cristina Moracas, Francesca Ippolita Calò Carducci, Claudio Cafagno, Danilo Buonsenso, Marco Maglione, Sofia Sgubbi, Cecilia Liberati, Elisabetta Venturini, Giuseppe Limongelli, Felice Nunziata, Laura Petrarca, Claudia Mandato, Claudia Colomba, Alfredo Guarino
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2024)

Acute myocarditis has risen among paediatric patients in Italy, with 65 clinically suspected cases reported by 12 centres in 2024, 32 linked to parvovirus B19 (B19V) infection. In 11 cases, B19V was not ruled out despite a concurrent European outbreak. Twenty-nine children required intensive care; eight fatalities occurred. While effective for both severe B19V infection and myocarditis, intravenous immunoglobulins were given in only one-third of cases. These findings highlight the need for timely diagnosis, stronger surveillance, and standardised treatment protocols.
Likelihood of HIV and recent bacterial sexually transmitted infections among transgender and non-binary individuals in 20 European countries, October 2023 to April 2024
Authors: Haoyi Wang, Johann Kolstee, Jules L Casalini, Samira Hakim, Hanne ML Zimmermann, Kai J Jonas
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2024)

Background Global data highlight the disproportionate burden of HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among transgender individuals. However, scant data exist for both transgender and non-binary individuals in European HIV/STI surveillance. Aim To assess self-reported prevalence of HIV and bacterial STIs (syphilis, gonorrhoea, chlamydia) in the past 6 months among transgender and non-binary individuals, comparing the likelihoods of recent STIs between groups. Methods Using data from the cross-sectional PROTECT survey conducted in 20 European countries from October 2023 to April 2024, we analysed a subset of 452 participants, 178 transgender and 274 non-binary individuals. Logistic regression was used to compare the risk of each recent bacterial STI, and Poisson regression to compare the risk of the number of recent STIs. Results Among transgender individuals, 5 (2.8%) self-reported HIV infection, and recent STI prevalence was 6.7% for syphilis, 15.6% for gonorrhoea and 19.6% for chlamydia. For non-binary individuals, 15 (5.5%) self-reported HIV infection and recent STI prevalence was 15.0% for syphilis, 18.7% for gonorrhoea and 20.8% for chlamydia. Non-binary individuals had significantly higher risk for syphilis (aOR: 1.81; 95% CI: 1.01–4.05) and multiple recent STIs (aOR: 1.46; 95% CI: 1.11–1.91) compared with transgender individuals. Conclusion While both transgender and non-binary individuals showed high self-reported prevalence of HIV and bacterial STIs, non-binary individuals showed greater prevalence of STIs, particularly syphilis. Efforts aimed at HIV/STI prevention and surveillance should encourage inclusion of those who identify as non-binary and other gender-diverse individuals alongside transgender individuals to enhance the provision of tailored prevention and treatment services in Europe.
First case of mpox with monkeypox virus clade Ib outside Africa in a returning traveller, Sweden, August 2024: public health measures
Authors: Carl-Johan Treutiger, Finn Filén, Moa Rehn, Johan Aarum, Andreas Jacks, Magnus Gisslén, Erik Sturegård, Maria Lind Karlberg, Oskar Karlsson Lindsjö, Klara Sondén
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2024)

An unprecedented upsurge in mpox, caused by clade I of the monkeypox virus (MPXV) was noted in Central Africa in 2024. The first mpox case with MPXV clade Ib outside Africa was reported in Sweden in mid-August. The case experienced a mild disease course after travelling to an affected country. No additional cases of this clade have been detected in Sweden. Strengthened public health measures and surveillance including whole genome sequencing are crucial to prevent establishment of novel MPXV clades.
Missed opportunities for early HIV diagnosis in Greece: The MORFEAS study, 2019 to 2021
Authors: Sotirios Roussos, Nikos Pantazis, Konstantinos Protopapas, Anastasia Antoniadou, Antonios Papadopoulos, Giota Lourida, Vasileios Papastamopoulos, Maria Chini, Konstantinos Alexakis, Emmanouil Barbounakis, Diamantis Kofteridis, Lydia Leonidou, Markos Marangos, Vasileios Petrakis, Periklis Panagopoulos, Elpida Mastrogianni, Dimitrios Basoulis, Panagiota Palla, Nikolaos Sipsas, Varvara Vasalou, Vasileios Paparizos, Simeon Metallidis, Theofilos Chrysanthidis, Ioannis Katsarolis, Vana Sypsa, Mina Psichogiou
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2024)

Background Late HIV diagnosis (CD4 + T-cell count &lt; 350 cells/μL, or with an AIDS-defining event) remains a persistent challenge in Greece, indicating potential missed opportunities (MOs) for earlier testing. Aim To determine the frequency of HIV indicator conditions (ICs) preceding diagnosis and to quantify MOs for earlier testing at a nationwide level in Greece. Methods This multicentre retrospective study analysed data on 823 antiretroviral therapy-naive adults (≥ 18 years) diagnosed with HIV during 2019–21. Medical records were reviewed to identify pre-diagnosis healthcare contacts (HCCs) and ICs justifying HIV testing. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression identified factors associated with ≥ 1 MO. A Bayesian model estimated the time from seroconversion to diagnosis. Results Among 517 participants with HCC data, 249 had ≥ 1 HCC. Of these, 59.0% (147/249) were late presenters. These cases had 365 HCCs, and 191 (52.3%) were MOs for testing. The most common ICs were sexually transmitted infections (39.8%; 76/191) and fever (11.0%; 21/191). Non-Greek origin was associated with lower odds of experiencing ≥ 1 MO (adjusted odds ratio: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.22─1.02), while higher education increased odds of MOs for early HIV diagnosis. Median time from seroconversion to diagnosis was 3.2 years for the full sample and 3.7 years for those with HCC, with about half of the latter reporting MOs post-estimated seroconversion. Recognising MOs would have potentially spared approximately 1 year of delay in diagnosis. Conclusion MOs for earlier HIV diagnosis were prevalent in Greece. Leveraging IC-guided testing and addressing barriers could support earlier diagnosis and treatment, limiting adverse health outcomes and preventing transmission.