tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Letter to the editor “clinical efficacy of different surgical approaches in the treatment of thoracolumbar tuberculosis: a multicenter retrospective case-control study with a minimum 10-year follow-up” (Int J Surg. 2024 Mar 18; Online ahead of print.)
Authors: Zhikang Tian, Zhe Hu, Hongmei Liu, Chunyang Meng
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

aJining Medical University, 133 Hehua Rd, Jining, 272067, China bPathology Teaching and Research Office of Jining Medical University, 133 Hehua Rd, Jining, 272067, China cAffiliated Hospital Of Jining Medical University, 89 Guhuai Rd, Jining, 272029, China Zhikang Tian and Zhe Hu: These authors contributed equally to this work. Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article. Published online ■ ■ *Corresponding author. Address: Spine Surgery, Affiliated Hospital Of Jining Medical University, 89 Guhuai Rd, Jining, 272029, China. E-mail address: [email protected] (C. Meng). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Immunosuppression Withdrawal in Patients with Lupus Nephritis
Authors: Eleni Frangou, Hans-Joachim Anders, Ingeborg M. Bajema, Y.K. Onno Teng, Ana Malvar, Brad H. Rovin, Andreas Kronbichler
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2024)

Frangou, Eleni; Anders, Hans-Joachim; Bajema, Ingeborg M.; Teng, Y.K. Onno; Malvar, Ana; Rovin, Brad H.; Kronbichler, Andreas Author Information
The impact of colonization by multidrug resistant bacteria on graft survival, risk of infection, and mortality in recipients of solid organ transplant: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Abdulellah Almohaya, Jordana Fersovich, R. Benson Weyant, Oscar A. Fernández García, Sandra M. Campbell, Karen Doucette, Tamara Lotfi, Juan G. Abraldes, Carlos Cervera, Dima Kabbani
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2024)

The Global increase in colonization by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria poses a significant concern. The precise impact of MDR colonization in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTR) remains not well established.
Medical Microrobots
Authors: Veronica Iacovacci, Eric Diller, Daniel Ahmed, Arianna Menciassi
Journal: Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering (2024)

Scientists around the world have long aimed to produce miniature robots that can be controlled inside the human body to aid doctors in identifying and treating diseases. Such microrobots hold the potential to access hard-to-reach areas of the body through the natural lumina. Wireless access has the potential to overcome drawbacks of systemic therapy, as well as to enable completely new minimally invasive procedures. The aim of this review is fourfold: first, to provide a collection of valuable anatomical and physiological information on the target working environments together with engineering tools for the design of medical microrobots; second, to provide a comprehensive updated survey of the technological state of the art in relevant classes of medical microrobots; third, to analyze currently available tracking and closed-loop control strategies compatible with the in-body environment; and fourth, to explore the challenges still in place, to steer and inspire future research.
Selenium, diabetes, and their intricate sex-specific relationship
Authors: Kamil Demircan, Thilo Samson Chillon, Jeyoung Bang, Vadim N. Gladyshev, Lutz Schomburg
Journal: Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism (2024)

Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element, which is inserted as selenocysteine (Sec) into selenoproteins during biosynthesis, orchestrating their expression and activity. Se is associated with both beneficial and detrimental health effects; deficient supply or uncontrolled supplementation raises concerns. In particular, Se was associated with an increased incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial (RCT). In this review, we discuss the intricate relationship between Se and diabetes and the limitations of the available clinical and experimental studies. Recent evidence points to sexual dimorphism and an association of Se deficiency with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). We highlight the emerging evidence linking high Se status with improved prognosis in patients with T2D and lower risk of macrovascular complications.
A Real-world Toxicity Atlas Shows that Adverse Events of Combination Therapies Commonly Result in Additive Interactions
Authors: Asli Küçükosmanoglu, Silvia Scoarta, Megan Houweling, Nicoleta Spinu, Thomas Wijnands, Niek Geerdink, Carolien Meskers, Georgi K. Kanev, Bert Kiewiet, Mathilde Kouwenhoven, David Noske, Tom Wurdinger, Marianne Pouwer, Mark Wolff, Bart A. Westerman
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2024)

Abstract Purpose: Combination therapies are a promising approach for improving cancer treatment, but it is challenging to predict their resulting adverse events in a real-world setting. Experimental Design: We provide here a proof-of-concept study using 15 million patient records from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). Complex adverse event frequencies of drugs or their combinations were visualized as heat maps onto a two-dimensional grid. Adverse event frequencies were shown as colors to assess the ratio between individual and combined drug effects. To capture these patterns, we trained a convolutional neural network (CNN) autoencoder using 7,300 single-drug heat maps. In addition, statistical synergy analyses were performed on the basis of BLISS independence or χ2 testing. Results: The trained CNN model was able to decode patterns, showing that adverse events occur in global rather than isolated and unique patterns. Patterns were not likely to be attributed to disease symptoms given their relatively limited contribution to drug-associated adverse events. Pattern recognition was validated using trial data from ClinicalTrials.gov and drug combination data. We examined the adverse event interactions of 140 drug combinations known to be avoided in the clinic and found that near all of them showed additive rather than synergistic interactions, also when assessed statistically. Conclusions: Our study provides a framework for analyzing adverse events and suggests that adverse drug interactions commonly result in additive effects with a high level of overlap of adverse event patterns. These real-world insights may advance the implementation of new combination therapies in clinical practice.
Willingness of Pharmacists to Prescribe Medication Abortion in California
Authors: Cathren Cohen, Lauren A. Hunter, Raiza M. Beltran, Jaclyn Serpico, Laura Packel, Ayako Miyashita Ochoa, Sandra I. McCoy, Kerith J. Conron
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

Nearly half of US states have restricted abortion access. Policy makers are exploring pathways to increase access to abortion and reproductive health care more broadly. Since 2016, California pharmacists could prescribe hormonal birth control, providing an opportunity to learn about the implementation of pharmacist-provided reproductive health care.
Lessons From an Urban Community Park Renovation Initiative
Authors: Max Jordan Nguemeni Tiako, Eugenia C. South
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

Hanish P. Kodali, MBBS, MPH; Katarzyna E. Wyka, PhD; Sergio A. Costa, PhD; Kelly R. Evenson, PhD; Lorna E. Thorpe, PhD; Terry T.-K. Huang, PhD, MPH, MBA
Surgical modifications to the conventional kidney transplant technique - the miami transplant institute approach: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Gaetano Ciancio, Marina M. Tabbara, Javier Gonzalez, Angel Alvarez, Jeffrey J. Gaynor
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

At our center, surgical modifications to the conventional kidney transplant technique were developed with two goals in mind: to minimize the risk of developing post-transplant urologic/vascular/other surgical complications, and to simultaneously eliminate the need for initial ureteral stent placement and surgical drainage.
Application of ChatGPT in pediatric sugery and further issues that should be addressed: comment
Authors: Hineptch Daungsupawong, Viroj Wiwanitkit
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

aPrivate Academic and Editorial Consultant, Phonhong, Laos bUniversity Centre for Research & Development Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chandigarh University Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, India We confirm that we have read the Journal's position on issues involved in ethical publication and affirm that this report is consistent with those guidelines Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article Published online ■ ■ *Corresponding author. Address: Private Academic and Editorial Consultant, Phonhong, Laos. E-mail address: [email protected] (H. Daungsupawong). This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work, even for commercial purposes, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
The imperative of cholecystitis: understanding and prioritizing gallbladder perforation
Authors: Jintang Li, Zheng Li, Jie Huang
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

aDepartment of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery,The Yunnan Clinical Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, the Third People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming 650041, China bDepartment of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China No any potential financial and non-financial conflicts of interest Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article. Published online ■ ■ *Corresponding author. Address: Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, 243 Dianmian Avenue,Wuhua District, Kunming city, Yunnan,China,650101, fax numbers:+86-087165351281, Yunnan. E-mail address: [email protected] (J. Huang). This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CCBY), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
A commentary on “Safety and efficacy of kidney transplantation in patients with aortoiliac stenosis: a retrospective cohort study”
Authors: Hansheng Fang, Xiaoang Ye, Dongrong Yu
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

aHangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China bThe Second Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China cDepartment of Nephrology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang,People's Republic of China Hansheng Fang and Xiaoang Ye contributed equally to this work and share first authorship. Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article Published online ■ ■ *Corresponding author. Address: Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 453 Stadium Road, West Lake District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310007, People's Republic of China. E-mail address: [email protected] (D. Yu). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Messenger RNA transport on lysosomal vesicles maintains axonal mitochondrial homeostasis and prevents axonal degeneration
Authors: Raffaella De Pace, Saikat Ghosh, Veronica H. Ryan, Mira Sohn, Michal Jarnik, Paniz Rezvan Sangsari, Nicole Y. Morgan, Ryan K. Dale, Michael E. Ward, Juan S. Bonifacino
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2024)

Abstract In neurons, RNA granules are transported along the axon for local translation away from the soma. Recent studies indicate that some of this transport involves hitchhiking of RNA granules on lysosome-related vesicles. In the present study, we leveraged the ability to prevent transport of these vesicles into the axon by knockout of the lysosome–kinesin adaptor BLOC-one-related complex (BORC) to identify a subset of axonal mRNAs that depend on lysosome-related vesicles for transport. We found that BORC knockout causes depletion of a large group of axonal mRNAs mainly encoding ribosomal and mitochondrial/oxidative phosphorylation proteins. This depletion results in mitochondrial defects and eventually leads to axonal degeneration in human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived and mouse neurons. Pathway analyses of the depleted mRNAs revealed a mechanistic connection of BORC deficiency with common neurodegenerative disorders. These results demonstrate that mRNA transport on lysosome-related vesicles is critical for the maintenance of axonal homeostasis and that its failure causes axonal degeneration.
An IL-1β-driven neutrophil–stromal cell axis fosters a BAFF-rich protumor microenvironment in individuals with multiple myeloma
Authors: Madelon M. E. de Jong, Cathelijne Fokkema, Natalie Papazian, Ágnes Czeti, Marjolein K. Appelman, Michael Vermeulen, Teddie van Heusden, Remco M. Hoogenboezem, Gregory van Beek, Sabrin Tahri, Mathijs A. Sanders, Pieter C. van de Woestijne, Francesca Gay, Philippe Moreau, Maike Büttner-Herold, Heiko Bruns, Mark van Duin, Annemiek Broijl, Pieter Sonneveld, Tom Cupedo
Journal: Nature Immunology (2024)
Generative models improve fairness of medical classifiers under distribution shifts
Authors: Ira Ktena, Olivia Wiles, Isabela Albuquerque, Sylvestre-Alvise Rebuffi, Ryutaro Tanno, Abhijit Guha Roy, Shekoofeh Azizi, Danielle Belgrave, Pushmeet Kohli, Taylan Cemgil, Alan Karthikesalingam, Sven Gowal
Journal: Nature Medicine (2024)

Abstract Domain generalization is a ubiquitous challenge for machine learning in healthcare. Model performance in real-world conditions might be lower than expected because of discrepancies between the data encountered during deployment and development. Underrepresentation of some groups or conditions during model development is a common cause of this phenomenon. This challenge is often not readily addressed by targeted data acquisition and ‘labeling’ by expert clinicians, which can be prohibitively expensive or practically impossible because of the rarity of conditions or the available clinical expertise. We hypothesize that advances in generative artificial intelligence can help mitigate this unmet need in a steerable fashion, enriching our training dataset with synthetic examples that address shortfalls of underrepresented conditions or subgroups. We show that diffusion models can automatically learn realistic augmentations from data in a label-efficient manner. We demonstrate that learned augmentations make models more robust and statistically fair in-distribution and out of distribution. To evaluate the generality of our approach, we studied three distinct medical imaging contexts of varying difficulty: (1) histopathology, (2) chest X-ray and (3) dermatology images. Complementing real samples with synthetic ones improved the robustness of models in all three medical tasks and increased fairness by improving the accuracy of clinical diagnosis within underrepresented groups, especially out of distribution.
Contemporary management of aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage. An update for the intensivist
Authors: Chiara Robba, Katharina M. Busl, Jan Claassen, Michael N. Diringer, Raimund Helbok, Soojin Park, Alejandro Rabinstein, Miriam Treggiari, Mervyn D. I. Vergouwen, Giuseppe Citerio
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2024)

Aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH) is a rare yet profoundly debilitating condition associated with high global case fatality and morbidity rates. The key determinants of functional outcome include early brain injury, rebleeding of the ruptured aneurysm and delayed cerebral ischaemia. The only effective way to reduce the risk of rebleeding is to secure the ruptured aneurysm quickly. Prompt diagnosis, transfer to specialized centers, and meticulous management in the intensive care unit (ICU) significantly improved the prognosis of aSAH. Recently, multimodality monitoring with specific interventions to correct pathophysiological imbalances has been proposed. Vigilance extends beyond intracranial concerns to encompass systemic respiratory and haemodynamic monitoring, as derangements in these systems can precipitate secondary brain damage. Challenges persist in treating aSAH patients, exacerbated by a paucity of robust clinical evidence, with many interventions showing no benefit when tested in rigorous clinical trials. Given the growing body of literature in this field and the issuance of contemporary guidelines, our objective is to furnish an updated review of essential principles of ICU management for this patient population. Our review will discuss the epidemiology, initial stabilization, treatment strategies, long-term prognostic factors, the identification and management of post-aSAH complications. We aim to offer practical clinical guidance to intensivists, grounded in current evidence and expert clinical experience, while adhering to a concise format.
A Prospective Randomized Trial of Direct Oral Anticoagulant Therapy With a Fully Magnetically Levitated LVAD: The DOT-HM3 Study
Authors: Ivan Netuka, Zuzana Tucanova, Peter Ivak, Stanislav Gregor, Dushan Michael Kolesar, Tomas Marek, Vojtech Melenovsky, Jana Binova, Zora Dorazilova, Marketa Hegarova, Martina Podolec, Hynek Riha, Jean M. Connors, Mandeep R. Mehra
Journal: Circulation (2024)
Toward Optogenetic Hearing Restoration
Authors: Antoine Huet, Thomas Mager, Christian Gossler, Tobias Moser
Journal: Annual Review of Neuroscience (2024)

The cochlear implant (CI) is considered the most successful neuroprosthesis as it enables speech comprehension in the majority of the million otherwise deaf patients. In hearing by electrical stimulation of the auditory nerve, the broad spread of current from each electrode acts as a bottleneck that limits the transfer of sound frequency information. Hence, there remains a major unmet medical need for improving the quality of hearing with CIs. Recently, optogenetic stimulation of the cochlea has been suggested as an alternative approach for hearing restoration. Cochlear optogenetics promises to transfer more sound frequency information, hence improving hearing, as light can conveniently be confined in space to activate the auditory nerve within smaller tonotopic ranges. In this review, we discuss the latest experimental and technological developments of optogenetic hearing restoration and outline remaining challenges en route to clinical translation.
Supplement Article
Authors: Thomas Thum, Metra Marco, Piotr Ponikowski, Chioncel Ovidiu, Volterrani Maurizio, Bucciarelli-Ducci Chiara, Sui Generis, Girerd Nicolas, Petrie Mark, Tschoepe Carsten, Van Der, Meer Peter, Generis Sui, Marianna Adamo, Bayes Adamopoulos Stamatis, Antonio Genis, Dawson Dana, Abdellatif Mahmoud, Bayes Genis, Brutsaert Dirk, Alessandro Mugnano, Di Napoli, Gb Aberdeen, Miqueo Gonzalez, Olivotto Iacopo, Savarese Gianluigi, Schiattarella Gabriele, Giacomo Berlin, Thum Thomas, Carlo Gabriele, N Groningen, Van Linthout, Sophie Berlin, Chairperson Ghigo, Alessandra Torino, Martin Pilar, Cannata Antonio, Tocchetti Carlo, Gabriele Napoli, It Gonzalez, Miqueo Arantxa, Es Pamplona, Pietro Ameri, Gabriele Giacomo, Raffaele Florence, Stephan Koln, Prasad Sanjay, Abdellatif London, Stephane Paris, Nl Maastricht, Michele Arantxa, Van Ciccarelli, Sophie Linthout, Rebecca Berlin, Bayes Paris, Stephane Maastricht, Nl Carrier, Guido Tarone, S Zacchigna, ; Lorizio, ; Maglione, ; Chiesa, ; Loffredo, ; Ciucci, N Grote Beverborg, ; Alnuwaysir, ; Markousis-Mavrogenis, M Hoes, ; Hh, Van Der Wal, ; Spr, ; Nath, ; Koekoemoer, D Van Veldhuisen, ; Aa, N Samani, ; Van Der Meer
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2024)
Association between arterial oxygen and mortality across critically ill patients with hematologic malignancies: results from an international collaborative network
Authors: Guillaume Dumas, Idunn S. Morris, Tamishta Hensman, Sean M. Bagshaw, Alexandre Demoule, Bruno L. Ferreyro, Achille Kouatchet, Virginie Lemiale, Djamel Mokart, Frédéric Pène, Sangeeta Mehta, Elie Azoulay, Laveena Munshi, Laurent Argaud, François Barbier, Dominique Benoit, Naike Bigé, Fabrice Bruneel, Emmanuel Canet, Yves Cohen, Michael Darmon, Didier Gruson, Kada Klouche, Loay Kontar, Alexandre Lautrette, Christine Lebert, Guillaume Louis, Julien Mayaux, Anne-Pascale Meert, Anne-Sophie Moreau, Martine Nyunga, Vincent Peigne, Pierre Perez, Jean-Herlé Raphalen, Carole Schwebel, Jean-Marie Tonnelier, Florent Wallet, Lara Zafrani, Bram Rochwerg, Farah Shoukat, Dean Fergusson, Bruno Ferreyro, Paul Heffernan, Margaret Herridge, Sheldon Magder, Mark Minden, Rakesh Patel, Salman Qureshi, Aaron Schimmer, Santhosh Thyagu, Han Ting Wang, Sangeeta Mehta, Sean M. Bagshaw
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2024)
Effects of restrictive fluid therapy on the time to resolution of hyperlactatemia in ICU patients with septic shock. A secondary post hoc analysis of the CLASSIC randomized trial
Authors: Christian Ahlstedt, Praleene Sivapalan, Miroslav Kriz, Gustaf Jacobson, Tine Sylvest Meyhoff, Benjamin Skov Kaas-Hansen, Manne Holm, Jacob Hollenberg, Marek Nalos, Olav Rooijackers, Morten Hylander Møller, Maria Cronhjort, Anders Perner, Jonathan Grip
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2024)

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of intravenous (IV) fluid restriction on time to resolution of hyperlactatemia in septic shock. Hyperlactatemia in sepsis is associated with worse outcome. Sepsis guidelines suggest targeting lactate clearance to guide fluid therapy despite the complexity of hyperlactatemia and the potential harm of fluid overload. We conducted a post hoc analysis of serial plasma lactate concentrations in a sub-cohort of 777 patients from the international multicenter clinical CLASSIC trial (restriction of intravenous fluids in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with septic shock). Adult ICU patients with septic shock had been randomized to restrictive (n = 385) or standard (n = 392) intravenous fluid therapy. The primary outcome, time to resolution of hyperlactatemia, was analyzed with a competing-risks regression model. Death and discharge were competing outcomes, and administrative censoring was imposed 72 h after randomization if hyperlactatemia persisted. The regression analysis was adjusted for the same stratification variables and covariates as in the original CLASSIC trial analysis. The hazard ratios (HRs) for the cumulative probability of resolution of hyperlactatemia, in the restrictive vs the standard group, in the unadjusted analysis, with time split, were 0.94 (confidence interval (CI) 0.78–1.14) at day 1 and 1.21 (0.89–1.65) at day 2–3. The adjusted analyses were consistent with the unadjusted results. In this post hoc retrospective analysis of a multicenter randomized controlled trial (RCT), a restrictive intravenous fluid strategy did not seem to affect the time to resolution of hyperlactatemia in adult ICU patients with septic shock.