tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Commentary on ‘Evaluation of transrectal ultrasound-guided tru-cut biopsy as a complementary method for predicting pathological complete response in rectal cancer after neoadjuvant treatment: a phase II prospective and diagnostic trial’
Authors: Wenqing Jia, Xi Cheng, Ren Zhao
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

aDepartment of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, 200025 bShanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, 200025 Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article. Published online ■ ■ *Corresponding author. Address: Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China. E-mail address: [email protected] (R. Zhao). *Corresponding author. Address: Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China. E-mail address: [email protected] (X. Cheng). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
A commentary on ‘Association between cerebrovascular disease and perioperative neurocognitive disorders: a retrospective cohort study’
Authors: Guangwei Qing, Guang Yang, Bo Wei
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

aDepartment of Psychiatry, Jiangxi Mental Hospital & Affiliated Mental Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330029, China bThird Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China cDepartment of Neurology, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215399, China dNanchang City Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Jiangxi Provincial Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Jiangxi Mental Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330029, China Guangwei Qing and Guang Yang: Contributed equally to this work. Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article. Published online ■ ■ *Corresponding author. Address: Department of Psychiatry, Jiangxi Mental Hospital & Affiliated Mental Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330029, Jiangxi, China. E-mail address: [email protected] (B. Wei). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Combined resection for synchronous lung lesions and esophageal cancer should be compared with staged surgery
Authors: Kexun Li, Jie Zhao, Zhenghong Yang, Jie Mao, Yunchao Huang
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

Li, Kexun MD, PhD; Zhao, Jie MD, PhD; Yang, Zhenghong MD; Mao, Jie MD; Huang, Yunchao MD, PhD Author Information
Immediate mobilization after repair of Achilles tendon rupture may increase the incidence of re-rupture: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Ruihan Wang, Lei Huang, Songtao Jiang, Guixuan You, Xin Zhou, Guoyou Wang, Lei Zhang
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

Achilles tendon rupture (ATR) is a significant injury that can require surgery and can have the risk of re-rupture even after successful treatment. Consequently, to minimize this risk, it is important to have a thorough understanding of the rehabilitation protocol and the impact of different rehabilitation approaches on preventing re-rupture.
Zirconium‐Based Metal‐Organic Framework Capable of Binding Proinflammatory Mediators in Hydrogel Form Promotes Wound Healing Process through a Multiscale Adsorption Mechanism (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 7/2024)
Authors: UnJin Ryu, Pham Ngoc Chien, Suin Jang, Xuan‐Tung Trinh, Hyeon Shin Lee, Le Thi Van Anh, Xin Rui Zhang, Nguyen Ngan Giang, Nguyen Van Long, Sun‐Young Nam, Chan Yeong Heo, Kyung Min Choi
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)
Investing in bereavement care as a public health priority
Authors: Wendy G Lichtenthal, Kailey E Roberts, Leigh A Donovan, Lauren J Breen, Samar M Aoun, Stephen R Connor, William E Rosa
Journal: The Lancet Public Health (2024)

Morbidity and mortality associated with bereavement is an important public health issue, yet economic and resource investments to effectively implement and sustain integrated bereavement services are sorely lacking at national and global levels. Although bereavement support is a component of palliative care provision, continuity of care for bereaved individuals is often not standard practice in palliative and end-of-life contexts. In addition to potentially provoking feelings of abandonment, failure to extend family-centred care after a patient's death can leave bereaved families without access to crucial psychosocial support and at risk for illnesses that exacerbate the already substantial public health toll of interpersonal loss. The effect of inadequate bereavement care disproportionately disadvantages vulnerable groups, including those living in resource-constrained settings. We build on available evidence and previous recommendations to propose a model for transitional care, firmly establishing bereavement care services within health-care institutions, while respecting their finite resources and the need to ultimately transition grieving families to supports within their communities. Key to the transitional bereavement care model is the bolstering of community-based supports through development of compassionate communities and upskilling of professional services for those with more substantial bereavement support needs. To achieve this goal, interprofessional health workers, institutions, and systems must shift bereavement care from an afterthought to a public health priority.
Heterogeneity of outcome measures in depression trials and the relevance of the content of outcome measures to patients: a systematic review
Authors: Christopher Veal, Anneka Tomlinson, Andrea Cipriani, Samuel Bulteau, Chantal Henry, Chlöé Müh, Suzanne Touboul, Nikki De Waal, Hana Levy-Soussan, Toshi A Furukawa, Eiko I Fried, Viet-Thi Tran, Astrid Chevance
Journal: The Lancet Psychiatry (2024)
Tests for consciousness in humans and beyond
Authors: Tim Bayne, Anil K. Seth, Marcello Massimini, Joshua Shepherd, Axel Cleeremans, Stephen M. Fleming, Rafael Malach, Jason B. Mattingley, David K. Menon, Adrian M. Owen, Megan A.K. Peters, Adeel Razi, Liad Mudrik
Journal: Trends in Cognitive Sciences (2024)

Which systems/organisms are conscious? New tests for consciousness ('C-tests') are urgently needed. There is persisting uncertainty about when consciousness arises in human development, when it is lost due to neurological disorders and brain injury, and how it is distributed in nonhuman species. This need is amplified by recent and rapid developments in artificial intelligence (AI), neural organoids, and xenobot technology. Although a number of C-tests have been proposed in recent years, most are of limited use, and currently we have no C-tests for many of the populations for which they are most critical. Here, we identify challenges facing any attempt to develop C-tests, propose a multidimensional classification of such tests, and identify strategies that might be used to validate them.
Next-Generation Multitarget Stool DNA Test for Colorectal Cancer Screening
Authors: Thomas F Imperiale, Kyle Porter, Julia Zella, Zubin D Gagrat, Marilyn C Olson, Sandi Statz, Jorge Garces, Philip T Lavin, Humberto Aguilar, Don Brinberg, Charles Berkelhammer, John B Kisiel, Paul J Limburg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2024)

A next-generation multitarget stool DNA test, including assessments of DNA molecular markers and hemoglobin level, was developed to improve the performance of colorectal cancer screening, primarily with regard to specificity.
RSV Prefusion F Protein–Based Maternal Vaccine — Preterm Birth and Other Outcomes
Authors: Ilse Dieussaert, Joon Hyung Kim, Sabine Luik, Claudia Seidl, Wenji Pu, Jens-Ulrich Stegmann, Geeta K Swamy, Peggy Webster, Philip R Dormitzer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2024)

BackgroundVaccination against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) during pregnancy may protect infants from RSV disease. Efficacy and safety data on a candidate RSV prefusion F protein–based maternal vaccine (RSVPreF3-Mat) are needed.MethodsWe conducted a phase 3 trial involving pregnant women 18 to 49 years of age to assess the efficacy and safety of RSVPreF3-Mat. The women were randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to receive RSVPreF3-Mat or placebo between 24 weeks 0 days and 34 weeks 0 days of gestation. The primary outcomes were any or severe medically assessed RSV-associated lower respiratory tract disease in infants from birth to 6 months of age and safety in infants from birth to 12 months of age. After the observation of a higher risk of preterm birth in the vaccine group than in the placebo group, enrollment and vaccination were stopped early, and exploratory analyses of the safety signal of preterm birth were performed.ResultsThe analyses included 5328 pregnant women and 5233 infants; the target enrollment of approximately 10,000 pregnant women and their infants was not reached because enrollment was stopped early. A total of 3426 infants in the vaccine group and 1711 infants in the placebo group were followed from birth to 6 months of age; 16 and 24 infants, respectively, had any medically assessed RSV-associated lower respiratory tract disease (vaccine efficacy, 65.5%; 95% credible interval, 37.5 to 82.0), and 8 and 14, respectively, had severe medically assessed RSV-associated lower respiratory tract disease (vaccine efficacy, 69.0%; 95% credible interval, 33.0 to 87.6). Preterm birth occurred in 6.8% of the infants (237 of 3494) in the vaccine group and in 4.9% of those (86 of 1739) in the placebo group (relative risk, 1.37; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08 to 1.74; P=0.01); neonatal death occurred in 0.4% (13 of 3494) and 0.2% (3 of 1739), respectively (relative risk, 2.16; 95% CI, 0.62 to 7.56; P=0.23), an imbalance probably attributable to the greater percentage of preterm births in the vaccine group. No other safety signal was observed.ConclusionsThe results of this trial, in which enrollment was stopped early because of safety concerns, suggest that the risks of any and severe medically assessed RSV-associated lower respiratory tract disease among infants were lower with the candidate maternal RSV vaccine than with placebo but that the risk of preterm birth was higher with the candidate vaccine. (Funded by GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04605159.)
Case 8-2024: A 55-Year-Old Man with Cardiac Arrest, Cardiogenic Shock, and Hypoxemia
Authors: Robert O Roswell, Man Piu Wong, Ada C Stefanescu Schmidt, Milena Petranovic, Emily K Zern, Daniel Burkhoff, Thoralf M Sundt, Patrick T O'Gara, Cynthia K Harris
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2024)

A 55-year-old man had an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. An evaluation showed 2-mm ST-segment elevations in the inferior leads on electrocardiography, cardiogenic shock, and a new systolic murmur. A diagnosis was made.
Maternal RSV Vaccine — Weighing Benefits and Risks
Authors: Sonja A Rasmussen, Denise J Jamieson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2024)

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) poses a substantial burden to the health of infants. An estimated 1.4 million RSV-associated hospitalizations and 45,700 RSV-attributable deaths occur worldwide each year in infants younger than 6 months of age.1 In the United States, RSV is the leading cause of hospitalization among infants, with 2 to 3% of infants younger than 6 months of age hospitalized for RSV infection annually.2 Recently, two agents to protect young infants from severe RSV disease have become available. In July 2023, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved nirsevimab, a long-acting monoclonal antibody,3 for use in infants; 1 month . . .
A Cell-free DNA Blood-Based Test for Colorectal Cancer Screening
Authors: Daniel C Chung, Darrell M Gray, Harminder Singh, Rachel B Issaka, Victoria M Raymond, Craig Eagle, Sylvia Hu, Darya I Chudova, AmirAli Talasaz, Joel K Greenson, Frank A Sinicrope, Samir Gupta, William M Grady
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2024)

Colorectal cancer is the third most diagnosed cancer in adults in the United States. Early detection could prevent more than 90% of colorectal cancer-related deaths, yet more than one third of the screening-eligible population is not up to date with screening despite multiple available tests. A blood-based test has the potential to improve screening adherence, detect colorectal cancer earlier, and reduce colorectal cancer-related mortality.
Reply: NAFLD vs. MASLD—There ain’t no such thing as a free lunch
Authors: Mary E. Rinella, Jeffrey V. Lazarus, Philip N. Newsome
Journal: Hepatology (2024)

We thank Professors Krawczyk and Lammert for their commentary on the recently published consensus on the revised nomenclature for NAFLD.1–3 We appreciate their concern that this could increase burden on clinicians. We would like to clarify what is included in steatotic liver disease (SLD) and its subtypes. SLD is an overarching term that includes all etiologies of hepatic steatosis, such as metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and alcohol-associated/related liver disease (ALD). This overarching term was created to allow for more specific characterization of other etiologies, including the introduction of metabolic and alcohol-associated/related liver disease (MetALD), to represent the common scenario of a patient with both a cardiometabolic burden and more alcohol intake than allowable in the NAFLD/MASLD definition, as these patients have a distinct natural history. While introducing diagnostic criteria for MASLD may seem cumbersome, the presence of cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs) in a patient with hepatic steatosis is what makes a clinician suspect NAFLD. Surely, if a patient undergoing evaluation for hepatic steatosis lacks any cardiometabolic risk factor, including central adiposity, one would question the diagnosis of what we have known to be NAFLD. This is no different for MASLD. Occasionally, one might encounter a patient who does not consume alcohol or have other demonstrable causes of steatosis. This is most commonly observed in younger patients, who may not have yet developed other cardiometabolic comorbidities. This patient has steatosis, hence, SLD without a clear cause (cryptogenic), which can be re-characterized on follow-up. Importantly, the likelihood of such a patient having clinically significant fibrosis is vanishingly small. If the clinician desires, a more specific investigation of insulin resistance can be carried out, but it is not needed. Thus, this diagnosis merely represents an operationalization of what clinicians are already doing and does not change the management.4,5 The staging of fibrosis or risk of steatohepatitis remains unchanged; thus, actionable recommendations would not differ.4,6 Since all patients with MASLD or suspected MASLD (as is the case with NAFLD) benefit from a range of lifestyle interventions such as nutrition and physical activity, the new criteria do not change this recommendation. Thus, we do not feel there is a basis for concern for an increase in cost or health care utilization resulting from the new nomenclature. We do hope that ongoing discussions, such as this, in addition to a more overt link to other cardiometabolic diseases, will increase much-needed awareness and reduce the minimization of the disease as "just fatty liver," so that patients at risk for or already with advanced fibrosis are identified before they present with hepatic decompensation.
Cannabis and Cannabinoids in Adults With Cancer: ASCO Guideline
Authors: Ilana M. Braun, Kari Bohlke, Donald I. Abrams, Holly Anderson, Lynda G. Balneaves, Gil Bar-Sela, Daniel W. Bowles, Peter R. Chai, Anuja Damani, Arjun Gupta, Sigrun Hallmeyer, Ishwaria M. Subbiah, Chris Twelves, Mark S. Wallace, Eric J. Roeland
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2024)

To guide clinicians, adults with cancer, caregivers, researchers, and oncology institutions on the medical use of cannabis and cannabinoids, including synthetic cannabinoids and herbal cannabis derivatives; single, purified cannabinoids; combinations of cannabis ingredients; and full-spectrum cannabis.
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Intensity of Care at the End of Life for Patients With Lung Cancer: A 13-Year Population-Based Study
Authors: Gladys M. Rodriguez, Rita Popat, Lisa G. Rosas, Manali I. Patel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2024)

PURPOSE Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Disparities in lung cancer mortality among racial and ethnic minorities are well documented. Less is known as to whether racial and ethnic minority patients with lung cancer experience higher rates of intensity of care at the end of life (EOL) compared with non-Hispanic White (NHW) patients. METHODS We conducted a population-based analysis of patients 18 years and older with a lung cancer diagnosis who died between 2005 and 2018 using the California Cancer Registry linked to patient discharge data abstracts. Our primary outcome was intensity of care in the last 14 days before death (defined as any hospital admission or emergency department [ED] visit, intensive care unit [ICU] admission, intubation, cardiopulmonary resuscitation [CPR], hemodialysis, and death in an acute care setting). We used multivariable logistic regression models to evaluate associations between race and ethnicity and intensity of EOL care. RESULTS Among 207,429 patients with lung cancer who died from 2005 to 2018, the median age was 74 years (range, 18-107) and 106,821 (51%) were male, 146,872 (70.8%) were NHW, 1,045 (0.5%) were American Indian, 21,697 (10.5%) were Asian Pacific Islander (API), 15,490 (7.5%) were Black, and 22,325 (10.8%) were Hispanic. Compared with NHW patients, in the last 14 days before death, API, Black, and Hispanic patients had greater odds of a hospital admission, an ICU admission, intubation, CPR, and hemodialysis and greater odds of a hospital or ED death. CONCLUSION Compared with NHW patients, API, Black, and Hispanic patients who died with lung cancer experienced higher intensity of EOL care. Future studies should develop approaches to eliminate such racial and ethnic disparities in care delivery at the EOL.
Safety and efficacy of off-label bulevirtide monotherapy in patients with HDV with decompensated Child-B cirrhosis—A real-world case series
Authors: Christopher Dietz-Fricke, Elisabetta Degasperi, Mathias Jachs, Benjamin Maasoumy, Florian P. Reiter, Andreas Geier, Julia M. Grottenthaler, Christoph P. Berg, Kathrin Sprinzl, Stefan Zeuzem, Juliana Gödiker, Bernhard Schlevogt, Toni Herta, Johannes Wiegand, Roberta Soffredini, Heiner Wedemeyer, Katja Deterding, Thomas Reiberger, Pietro Lampertico
Journal: Hepatology (2024)

Chronic hepatitis D is the most debilitating form of viral hepatitis frequently progressing to cirrhosis and subsequent decompensation. However, the HDV entry inhibitor bulevirtide is only approved for antiviral treatment of patients with compensated disease. We aimed for the analysis of real-world data on the off-label use of bulevirtide in the setting of decompensated liver cirrhosis.
3D Bioprinted Human Skin Model Recapitulating Native‐Like Tissue Maturation and Immunocompetence as an Advanced Platform for Skin Sensitization Assessment
Authors: Bibrita Bhar, Eshani Das, Kodieswaran Manikumar, Biman B. Mandal
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Abstract Physiologically‐relevant in vitro skin models hold the utmost importance for efficacy assessments of pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical formulations, offering valuable alternatives to animal testing. Here, an advanced immunocompetent 3D bioprinted human skin model is presented to assess skin sensitization. Initially, a photopolymerizable bioink is formulated using silk fibroin methacrylate, gelatin methacrylate, and photoactivated human platelet releasate. The developed bioink shows desirable physicochemical and rheological attributes for microextrusion bioprinting. The tunable physical and mechanical properties of bioink are modulated through variable photocuring time for optimization. Thereafter, the bioink is utilized to 3D bioprint “sandwich type” skin construct where an artificial basement membrane supports a biomimetic epidermal layer on one side and a printed pre‐vascularized dermal layer on the other side within a transwell system. The printed construct is further cultured in the air–liquid interface for maturation. Immunofluorescence staining demonstrated a differentiated keratinocyte layer and dermal extracellular matrix (ECM)‐remodeling by fibroblasts and endothelial cells. The biochemical estimations and gene‐expression analysis validate the maturation of the printed model. The incorporation of macrophages further enhances the physiological relevance of the model. This model effectively classifies skin irritative and non‐irritative substances, thus establishing itself as a suitable pre‐clinical screening platform for sensitization tests.
Comparative Prognostic Utility of Coronary CT and Invasive Angiography
Authors: Jonathon Leipsic, Sagit Ben Zekry, Georgios Tzimas, Samuel Broderick, G.B. John Mancini, Cameron J. Hague, Matt J. Budoff, Frank W. Rockhold, Bernard R. Chaitman, Ruth Kirby, Gregg W. Stone, Ziad A. Ali, James K. Min, Judith S. Hochman, David J. Maron, Harmony R. Reynolds
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2024)
Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosis in the Preclinical Stage: Normal Aging or Dementia
Authors: Fahimeh Marvi, Yun-Hsuan Chen, Mohamad Sawan
Journal: IEEE Reviews in Biomedical Engineering (2024)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) progressively impairs the memory and thinking skills of patients, resulting in a significant global economic and social burden each year. However, diagnosis of this neurodegenerative disorder can be challenging, particularly in the early stages of developing cognitive decline. Current clinical techniques are expensive, laborious, and invasive, which hinders comprehensive studies on Alzheimer's biomarkers and the development of efficient devices for Point-of-Care testing (POCT) applications. To address these limitations, researchers have been investigating various biosensing techniques. Unfortunately, these methods have not been commercialized due to several drawbacks, such as low efficiency, reproducibility, and the lack of accurate identification of AD markers. In this review, we present diverse promising hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease identified in various biofluids and body behaviors. Additionally, we thoroughly discuss different biosensing mechanisms and the associated challenges in disease diagnosis. In each context, we highlight the potential of realizing new biosensors to study various features of the disease, facilitating its early diagnosis in POCT. This comprehensive study, focusing on recent efforts for different aspects of the disease and representing promising opportunities, aims to conduct the future trend toward developing a new generation of compact multipurpose devices that can address the challenges in the early detection of AD.
Robotic kidney transplantation
Authors: Giuseppe Basile, Alessio Pecoraro, Andrea Gallioli, Angelo Territo, Camille Berquin, Jorge Robalino, Alejandra Bravo, Jorge Huguet, Óscar Rodriguez-Faba, Pavel Gavrilov, Carmen Facundo, Lluis Guirado, Josep Maria Gaya, Joan Palou, Alberto Breda
Journal: Nature Reviews Urology (2024)