tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Chlorin e6‐Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers Targeted by Angiopep‐2: Advancing Photodynamic Therapy in Glioblastoma
Authors: Carlotta Pucci, Daniele De Pasquale, Andrea Degl'Innocenti, Margherita Montorsi, Andrea Desii, Marta Pero, Chiara Martinelli, Martina Bartolucci, Andrea Petretto, Gianni Ciofani
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive brain tumor known for its resistance to standard treatments. Despite surgery being a primary option, it often leads to incomplete removal and high recurrence rates. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) holds promise as an adjunctive treatment, but safety concerns and the need for high‐power lasers have limited its widespread use. This research addresses these challenges by introducing a novel PDT approach, using chlorin e6 (Ce6) enclosed in nanostructured lipid carriers (Ang‐Ce6‐NLCs) and targeted to GBM with the angiopep‐2 peptide. Remarkably, a single 5‐min irradiation session with LEDs at 660 nm and low power density (10 mW cm − 2 ) proves effective against GBM, while reducing safety risks associated with high‐power lasers. Encapsulation improves Ce6 stability and performance in physiological environments, while angiopep‐2 targeting enhances delivery to GBM cells, maximizing treatment efficacy and minimizing off‐target effects. The findings demonstrate that Ang‐Ce6‐NLCs‐mediated PDT brings about a significant reduction in GBM cell viability, increases oxidative stress, reduces tumor migration, and enhances apoptosis. Overall, such treatment holds potential as a safe and efficient intraoperative removal of GBM infiltrating cells that cannot be reached by surgery, using low‐power LED light to minimize harm to surrounding healthy tissue while maximizing tumor treatment.
A fast all-optical 3D photoacoustic scanner for clinical vascular imaging
Authors: N T Huynh, E Zhang, O Francies, F Kuklis, T Allen, J Zhu, O Abeyakoon, F Lucka, M Betcke, J Jaros, S Arridge, B Cox, A A Plumb, P Beard
Journal: Nature Biomedical Engineering (2024)
Automated CT-FFR model for diagnosing hemodynamically significant coronary artery disease. A prospective validation study
Authors: Anders T Bråten, Fredrik E Fossan, Lucas O Muller, Arve Jørgensen, Knut H Stensæth, Leif R Hellevik, Rune Wiseth
Journal:  (2024)

Abstract Aims This study aims to assess the diagnostic performance of a novel computed tomography-derived fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) algorithm and to compare its accuracy at three predefined sites: (i) at the location of invasive FFR measurements (CT-FFRatloc), (ii) at selected sites determined by an automated module integrated within the algorithm (CT-FFRauto), and (iii) distally in the vessel (CT-FFRdistal). Methods and results We prospectively recruited 108 consecutive patients with stable symptoms of coronary artery disease and at least one suspected obstructive lesion on coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA). CT-FFR was validated against invasive FFR as gold standard using FFR ≤ 0.80 to define myocardial ischaemia. CT-FFRatloc showed good correlation with invasive FFR (r = 0.67) and improved the ability to detect myocardial ischaemia compared with CCTA at both lesion [area under the curve (AUC) 0.83 vs. 0.65, P &amp;lt; 0.001] and patient level (AUC 0.87 vs. 0.74, P = 0.007). CT-FFRauto demonstrated similar diagnostic accuracy to CT-FFRatloc and significantly improved specificity compared with CT-FFRdistal (86% vs. 49%, P &amp;lt; 0.001). High end CT quality improved the diagnostic performance of CT-FFRauto, demonstrating an AUC of 0.92; similarly, the performance was improved in patients with low-to-intermediate coronary artery calcium score with an AUC of 0.88. Conclusion Implementing an automated module to determine the site of CT-FFR evaluations was feasible, and CT-FFRauto demonstrated comparable diagnostic accuracy to CT-FFRatloc when assessed against invasive FFR. Both CT-FFRatloc and CT-FFRauto improved the diagnostic performance compared with CCTA and improved specificity compared with CT-FFRdistal. High end CT quality and low-to-intermediate calcium burden improved the diagnostic performance of our algorithm. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT03045601
MLKL-mediated endothelial necroptosis drives vascular damage and mortality in systemic inflammatory response syndrome
Authors: Xiaoxia Wu, Xiaoming Zhao, Fang Li, Yang Wang, Yangjing Ou, Haiwei Zhang, Xiaoming Li, Xuanhui Wu, Lingxia Wang, Ming Li, Yue Zhang, Jianling Liu, Mingyan Xing, Han Liu, Yongchang Tan, Yangyang Wang, Yangyang Xie, Hanwen Zhang, Yan Luo, Hong Li, Jing Wang, Liming Sun, Yu Li, Haibing Zhang
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2024)
Single‐Atom Iridium Nanozyme‐Based Persistent Luminescence Nanoparticles for Multimodal Imaging‐Guided Combination Tumor Therapy
Authors: Yang Li, Shu‐Qi Wu, Fang Nan, Wei Deng, Kaixuan Li, Nur Jarhen, Yitong Zhou, Qianli Ma, Yuanyuan Qu, Chaoxiang Chen, Yujing Ren, Xue‐Bo Yin
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Abstract Persistent luminescence nanoparticles (PLNPs) can achieve autofluorescence‐free afterglow imaging, while near‐infrared (NIR) emission realizes deep tissue imaging. Nanozymes integrate the merits of nanomaterials and enzyme‐mimicking activities with simple preparation. Here PLNPs are prepared of Zn 1.2 Ga 1.6 Ge 0.2 O 4 :Cr 0.0075 with NIR emission at 700 nm. The PLNPs are then incubated with IrCl 3 solution, and the nanoparticles are collected and annealed at 750 °C to obtain iridium@PLNPs. Iridium is observed on the PLNPs at the atomic level as a single‐atom nanozyme with peroxidase‐like catalytic activity, photothermal conversion, and computed tomography (CT) contrast capability. After coating with exosome membrane (EM), the Ir@PLNPs@EM composite exhibits long‐lasting NIR luminescence, peroxidase‐like catalytic activity, photothermal conversion, and CT contrast capability, with the targeting capability and biocompatibility from EM. Thus, NIR afterglow/photothermal/CT trimodal imaging‐guided photothermal‐chemodynamic combination therapy is realized as validated with the in vitro and in vivo inhibition of tumor growth, while toxicity and side effects are avoided as drug‐free treatment. This work offers a promising avenue for advanced single‐atom nanozyme@PLNPs to promote the development of nanozymes and PLNPs for clinical applications.
Polyphenol‐Based Self‐Assembled Nanomedicine for a Three‐Pronged Approach to Reversing Tumor Immunosuppression
Authors: Zimu Li, Zirui Chen, Kexin Shi, Ping Huang, Wenfeng Zeng, Qili Huang, Jingwen Peng, Li Yang, Hongzhong Chen, Yanli Zhao, Xiaowei Zeng
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Abstract The challenges of multi‐pathway immune resistance and systemic toxicity caused by the direct injection of immune checkpoint inhibitors are critical factors that compromise the effectiveness of clinical immune checkpoint blockade therapy. In this context, natural polyphenols have been employed as the primary component to construct a targeted and acid‐responsive PD‐L1 antibody (αPD‐L1) delivery nanoplatform. This platform incorporates garcinol, an inhibitor of the Nuclear Factor Kappa‐B (NF‐κB) signaling pathway, to regulate pro‐tumor immune escape cytokines and regulatory T cells. Additionally, the nanoplatform has been verified to induce immunogenic cell death (ICD), which promotes the maturation of dendritic cells and enhances the activity of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. In vivo and in vitro experimental results demonstrated that the nanoplatform can boost the immune response through a PD‐L1 and NF‐κB blocking/ICD inducing three‐pronged strategy, thereby effectively combating tumor growth and metastasis.
Comparative efficacy of THR-β agonists, FGF-21 analogues, GLP-1R agonists, GLP-1-based polyagonists, and Pan-PPAR agonists for MASLD: A systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Ru-Tao Lin, Qin-Mei Sun, Xin Xin, Cheng Han Ng, Luca Valenti, Yi-Yang Hu, Ming-Hua Zheng, Qin Feng
Journal: Metabolism (2024)
Advancements in NADH Oxidase Nanozymes: Bridging Nanotechnology and Biomedical Applications
Authors: Dan Li, Juyang He, Guanyu Ding, Yan Xin, Fan Feng, Shuaining Ma, Lu Lin, Erkang Wang, Jin Wang
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Abstract Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) oxidase (NOX) is key in converting NADH to NAD + , crucial for various biochemical pathways. However, natural NOXs are costly and unstable. NOX nanozymes offer a promising alternative with potential applications in bio‐sensing, antibacterial treatments, anti‐aging, and anticancer therapies. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the types, functional mechanisms, biomedical applications, and future research perspectives of NOX nanozymes. It also addresses the primary challenges and future directions in the research and development of NOX nanozymes, underscoring the critical need for continued investigation in this promising area. These challenges include optimizing the catalytic efficiency, ensuring biocompatibility, and achieving targeted delivery and controlled activity within biological systems. Additionally, the exploration of novel materials and hybrid structures holds great potential for enhancing the functional capabilities of NOX nanozymes. Future research directions can involve integrating advanced computational modeling with experimental techniques to better understand the underlying mechanisms and to design more effective nanozyme candidates. Collaborative efforts across disciplines such as nanotechnology, biochemistry, and medicine will be essential to unlock the full potential of NOX nanozymes in future biomedical applications.
pH and ROS Dual‐Responsive Autocatalytic Release System Potentiates Immunotherapy of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Qianyi Su, Zhenyu Wang, Peishan Li, Xin Wei, Jisheng Xiao, Xiaopin Duan
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Abstract The immunosuppressive microenvironment severely limits the responsiveness of colorectal cancer (CRC) to immunotherapy. Herein, a pH and reactive oxygen species (ROS) dual‐responsive autocatalytic release system (TPDM/PGA) is constructed to reverse the immunosuppressive microenvironment and potentiate CRC immunotherapy. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) and mitoxantrone (MTO) are conjugated to ROS‐responsive polyethylenimine (TP) via a ROS‐cleavable linker, respectively, and then coated with polyglutamic acid (PGA) to endow pH and ROS dual‐responsiveness. The dissociation of PGA within the acidic TME facilitates its deep penetration and cell internalization, while the intracellular released DHA and MTO in response to high levels of H 2 O 2 further produced a large amount of ROS, forming positive feedback to accelerate drug release and exacerbate oxidative stress. TPDM/PGA collaboratively reversed the immunosuppressive microenvironment and induced a strong anti‐tumor immune response when combined with anti‐PD‐L1 antibody, significantly inhibiting tumor growth and prolonging the survival time of CT26 and MC38 tumor‐bearing mice. The excellent therapeutic effect, together with the good tolerance, make TPDM/PGA a promising candidate for enhanced immunotherapy of colorectal cancer.
Response to Ong et al., "Hair-raising costs: evaluating botulinum toxin treatment for androgenetic alopecia."
Authors: André Luiz Vairo Donda, Rita Fernanda Cortez de Almeida, Daniel Fernandes Melo, Paulo Müller Ramos, Carla Jorge Machado, Sidney Frattini, Daniela Alves Pereira Antelo, Carlos Baptista Barcaui
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2024)
Sulindac (K-80003) with nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine overcomes drug-resistant pancreatic cancer
Authors: Cheng-Ke Xie, Cheng-Yu Liao, Hong-Yi Lin, Yong-Ding Wu, Feng-Chun Lu, Xiao-Xiao Huang, Zu-Wei Wang, Ge Li, Cai-Feng Lin, Jian-Fei Hu, Yin-Hao Chen, Qiao-Wei Li, Li-Qun Chen, Hui-Xing Chen, Shi Chen
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2024)
The Impact of <scp>IgG</scp> Fc‐Glycosylation on Disease Dynamics in Primary Sjögren's Disease‐ Insights from the Belgian Sjögren's Syndrome Transition Trial
Authors: Helena Achten, Leander Meuris, Liselotte Deroo, Matthias Jarlborg, Tine Decruy, Joke Deprez, Emilie Dumas, Kristel De Boeck, Eva Genbrugge, Wouter Bauters, Frederick Dochy, David Creytens, Dimitri Roels, Nico Callewaert, Dirk Elewaut, Isabelle Peene
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2024)

Objectives Glycans attached to the fragment crystallizable region (Fc) of IgG antibodies influence their pro‐ or anti‐inflammatory effector function. We aimed to explore the interrelation between the Fc‐glycosylation profile and disease transition, disease activity and outcome in patients with suspected and confirmed primary Sjögren's Disease (SjD). Methods IgG Fc‐sialylation and IgG Fc‐galactosylation serum levels were determined in 300 patients from the Belgian Sjögren's Syndrome Transition Trial (BeSSTT). This cohort includes both suspected and confirmed SjD patients meeting the 2016 ACR/EULAR criteria. Salivary gland involvement was evaluated through ultrasonography (Hocevar score 0‐48) and histopathology (focus score). The relative amount of sialylated and galactosylated IgG was determined by capillary electrophoresis after using the endoS endoglycosidase based assay. Results SjD patients exhibited significantly lower sialylation and galactosylation levels versus asymptomatic anti‐SSA carriers and sicca patients. Lower sialylation and galactosylation levels were significantly associated with an increase in B‐cell activation markers and distinct autoantibody profiles, particularly with multiple autoantibody reactivities. They were also linked to histopathological salivary gland alterations, higher Hocevar scores and importantly with risk factors for non Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) development. In contrast, mono‐anti‐Ro60 positive and anti‐SSA negative SjD patients had normal IgG Fc‐glycosylation. Conclusions This study points to a novel role of IgG Fc‐glycosylation in SjD in predicting disease transition, monitoring disease activity, and risk stratification for NHL development . image
Finerenone in Patients With a Recent Worsening Heart Failure Event
Authors: Akshay S Desai, Muthiah Vaduganathan, Brian L Claggett, Ian J Kulac, Pardeep S Jhund, Jonathan Cunningham, Maria Borentain, James Lay-Flurrie, Prabhakar Viswanathan, Katja Rohwedder, Flaviana Amarante, Carolyn S P Lam, Michele Senni, Sanjiv J Shah, Adriaan A Voors, Faiez Zannad, Bertram Pitt, Mikhail Kosiborod, John J V McMurray, Scott D Solomon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2024)
Effect of finerenone on the KCCQ in patients with HFmrEF/HFpEF: A prespecified analysis of FINEARTS-HF
Authors: Mingming Yang, Alasdair D. Henderson, Atefeh Talebi, John J. Atherton, Chern-En Chiang, Vijay Chopra, Josep Comin-Colet, Mikhail N. Kosiborod, Jose F. Kerr Saraiva, Brian L. Claggett, Akshay S. Desai, Peter Kolkhof, Prabhakar Viswanathan, Andrea Lage, Carolyn S.P. Lam, Michele Senni, Sanjiv J. Shah, Katja Rohwedder, Adriaan A. Voors, Faiez Zannad, Bertram Pitt, Muthiah Vaduganathan, Pardeep S. Jhund, Scott D. Solomon, John J.V. McMurray
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2024)
Light‐Driven Green‐Fabricated Artificial Intelligence‐Enabled Micro/Nanorobots for Multimodal Phototherapeutic Management of Bladder Cancer
Authors: Chi‐Hung Hsiao, Yung‐Wei Lin, Chia‐Hung Liu, Hieu Trung Nguyen, Andrew E.‐Y. Chuang
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Abstract Combination therapy based on precise phototherapies combined with immune modulation provides successful antitumor effects. In this study, a combination therapy is designed based on phototactic, photosynthetic, and phototherapeutic Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii (CHL)‐glycol chitosan (GCS)‐polypyrrole (PPy) nanoparticle (NP)‐enhanced immunity combined with the tumor microenvironment turnover of cytotoxic T cells and M1/M2 macrophages, which is based on photothermal GCS‐PPy NPs decorated onto the phototactic and photosynthetic CHL. Phototherapy based on CHL‐GCS‐PPy NPs alleviates hypoxia and modulates the tumor immune microenvironment, which induces tumor cell death. In particular, the precise antitumor immune response and potent immune memory induced by combining self‐navigated phototherapies significantly alleviate the progression of bladder cancer in C57BL/6 mice and effectively inhibit bladder tumor growth. Furthermore, they also potentially prevent tumor recurrence, which provides a promising therapeutic strategy for clinical tumor therapy.
Efficacy and safety of biologics and small molecule inhibitors in treating genital psoriasis: A systematic review of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Chien-Cheng Lai, Shih-Chieh Shao, Ethan TK Tsai, Ching-Chi Chi
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2024)

While there have been innumerable studies on the treatments for psoriasis, the evidence on the treatments for genital psoriasis is limited though this type of psoriasis has tremendous impact on affected patients' quality of life and sex. This systematic review summarizes the current evidence on biologics and small molecule inhibitors in treating genital psoriasis.
Antipsychotic Drugs: A Concise Review of History, Classification, Indications, Mechanism, Efficacy, Side Effects, Dosing, and Clinical Application
Authors: Stefan Leucht, Josef Priller, John M. Davis
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2024)

The introduction of the first antipsychotic drug, chlorpromazine, was a milestone for psychiatry. The authors review the history, classification, indications, mechanism, efficacy, side effects, dosing, drug initiation, switching, and other practical issues and questions related to antipsychotics. Classifications such as first-generation/typical versus second-generation/atypical antipsychotics are neither valid nor useful; these agents should be described according to the Neuroscience-based Nomenclature (NbN). Antipsychotic drugs are not specific for treating schizophrenia. They reduce psychosis regardless of the underlying diagnosis, and they go beyond nonspecific sedation. All currently available antipsychotic drugs are dopamine blockers or dopamine partial agonists. In schizophrenia, effect sizes for relapse prevention are larger than for acute treatment. A major unresolved problem is the implausible increase in placebo response in antipsychotic drug trials over the decades. Differences in side effects, which can be objectively measured, such as weight gain, are less equivocal than differences in rating-scale-measured (subjective) efficacy. The criteria for choosing among antipsychotics are mainly pragmatic and include factors such as available formulations, metabolism, half-life, efficacy, and side effects in previous illness episodes. Plasma levels help to detect nonadherence, and once-daily dosing at night (which is possible with many antipsychotics) and long-acting injectable formulations are useful when adherence is a problem. Dose-response curves for both acute treatment and relapse prevention follow a hyperbolic pattern, with maximally efficacious average dosages for schizophrenia of around 5 mg/day risperidone equivalents. Computer apps facilitating the choice between drugs are available. Future drug development should include pharmacogenetics and focus on drugs for specific aspects of psychosis.
Correction: Randomized Phase II Trial of Dendritic Cell/Myeloma Fusion Vaccine with Lenalidomide Maintenance after Upfront Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for Multiple Myeloma: BMT CTN 1401
Authors: David J. Chung, Nina Shah, Juan Wu, Brent Logan, Lina Bisharat, Natalie Callander, Giulia Cheloni, Kenneth Anderson, Thinle Chodon, Binod Dhakal, Steve Devine, Poorvi Somaiya Dutt, Yvonne Efebera, Nancy Geller, Haider Ghiasuddin, Peiman Hematti, Leona Holmberg, Alan Howard, Bryon Johnson, Dimitra Karagkouni, Hillard M. Lazarus, Ehsan Malek, Philip McCarthy, David McKenna, Adam Mendizabal, Ajay Nooka, Nikhil Munshi, Lynn O’Donnell, Krina Patel, Aaron P. Rapoport, Jane Reese, Jacalyn Rosenblatt, Robert Soiffer, Dina Stroopinsky, Lynne Uhl, Ioannis S. Vlachos, Edmund K. Waller, James W. Young, Marcelo C. Pasquini, David Avigan
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2024)
Cell Type–Specific Profiles and Developmental Trajectories of Transcriptomes in Primate Prefrontal Layer 3 Pyramidal Neurons: Implications for Schizophrenia
Authors: Dominique Arion, John F. Enwright, Guillermo Gonzalez-Burgos, David A. Lewis
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2024)

In schizophrenia, impaired working memory is associated with transcriptome alterations in layer 3 pyramidal neurons (L3PNs) in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Distinct subtypes of L3PNs that send axonal projections to the DLPFC in the opposite hemisphere (callosal projection [CP] neurons) or the parietal cortex in the same hemisphere (ipsilateral projection [IP] neurons) play critical roles in working memory. However, how the transcriptomes of these L3PN subtypes might shift during late postnatal development when working memory impairments emerge in individuals later diagnosed with schizophrenia is not known. The aim of this study was to characterize and compare the transcriptome profiles of CP and IP L3PNs across developmental transitions from prepuberty to adulthood in macaque monkeys.
Leveraging metabolism for better outcomes in heart failure
Authors: Yann Huey Ng, Yen Chin Koay, Francine Z Marques, David M Kaye, John F O’Sullivan
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2024)

Whilst metabolic inflexibility and substrate constraint have been observed in heart failure for many years, their exact causal role remains controversial. In parallel, many of our fundamental assumptions about cardiac fuel use are now being challenged like never before. For example, the emergence of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor therapy as one of the four 'pillars' of heart failure therapy is causing a revisit of metabolism as a key mechanism and therapeutic target in heart failure. Improvements in the field of cardiac metabolomics will lead to a far more granular understanding of the mechanisms underpinning normal and abnormal human cardiac fuel use, an appreciation of drug action, and novel therapeutic strategies. Technological advances and expanding biorepositories offer exciting opportunities to elucidate the novel aspects of these metabolic mechanisms. Methodologic advances include comprehensive and accurate substrate quantitation such as metabolomics and stable-isotope fluxomics, improved access to arterio-venous blood samples across the heart to determine fuel consumption and energy conversion, high quality cardiac tissue biopsies, biochemical analytics, and informatics. Pairing these technologies with recent discoveries in epigenetic regulation, mitochondrial dynamics, and organ-microbiome metabolic crosstalk will garner critical mechanistic insights in heart failure. In this state-of-the-art review, we focus on new metabolic insights, with an eye on emerging metabolic strategies for heart failure. Our synthesis of the field will be valuable for a diverse audience with an interest in cardiac metabolism.
Defining precancer: a grand challenge for the cancer community
Authors: Jessica Faupel-Badger, Indu Kohaar, Manisha Bahl, Andrew T Chan, Joshua D Campbell, Li Ding, Angelo M De Marzo, Anirban Maitra, Daniel T Merrick, Ernest T Hawk, Ignacio I Wistuba, Irene M Ghobrial, Scott M Lippman, Karen H Lu, Mark Lawler, Neil E Kay, Thea D Tlsty, Timothy R Rebbeck, Sudhir Srivastava
Journal: Nature reviews. Cancer (2024)