tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Bacteria-based cascade <i>in situ</i> near-infrared nano-optogenetically induced photothermal tumor therapy
Authors: Xiuwen Hu, Jiawen Chen, Yuzhi Qiu, Sihan Chen, Yidi Liu, Xi Yu, Yunting Liu, Xiangliang Yang, Yan Zhang, Yanhong Zhu
Journal: Theranostics (2024)

Optogenetically engineered facultative anaerobic bacteria exhibit a favorable tendency to colonize at solid tumor sites and spatiotemporally-programmable therapeutics release abilities, attracting extensive attention in precision tumor therapy. However, their therapeutic efficacy is moderate. Conventional photothermal agents with high tumor ablation capabilities exhibit low tumor targeting efficiency, resulting in significant off-target side effects. The combination of optogenetics and photothermal therapy may offer both tumor-targeting and excellent tumor-elimination capabilities, which unfortunately has rarely been investigated. Herein, we construct a bacteria-based cascade near-infrared optogentical-photothermal system (EcN
Non-invasive ultrasound localization microscopy (ULM) in azoospermia: connecting testicular microcirculation to spermatogenic functions
Authors: Maoyao Li, Xingxuan Zhang, Jipeng Yan, Huiquan Shu, Zitong Li, Chujun Ye, Lei Chen, Chao Feng, Yuanyi Zheng
Journal: Theranostics (2024)

Azoospermia is a significant reproductive challenge. Differentiating between non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) and obstructive azoospermia (OA) is crucial as each type requires distinct management strategies. Testicular microcirculation plays a profound role in spermatogenic functions. However, current diagnostic methods are limited in their ability to effectively elucidate this crucial connection.
Maternal immune activation upregulates the AU020206-IRFs-STAT1 axis in modulating cytokine production in the brain
Authors: Jing Yang, Wenjun Yu, Runmiao Zhu, Shuangyan Li, Yue Gao, Jinfa Chen, Bin Zhang, Wanshan Wang, Xinping Yang
Journal: Theranostics (2024)

Maternal immune activation (MIA) is reported to increase the risk of psychiatric disorders in the offspring. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear.
Empowering brain tumor management: chimeric antigen receptor macrophage therapy
Authors: Fan Feng, Jianyu Shen, Qichao Qi, Yulin Zhang, Shilei Ni
Journal: Theranostics (2024)

Brain tumors pose formidable challenges in oncology due to the intricate biology and the scarcity of effective treatment modalities. The emergence of immunotherapy has opened new avenues for innovative therapeutic strategies. Chimeric antigen receptor, originally investigated in T cell-based therapy, has now expanded to encompass macrophages, presenting a compelling avenue for augmenting anti-tumor immune surveillance. This emerging frontier holds promise for advancing the repertoire of therapeutic options against brain tumors, offering potential breakthroughs in combating the formidable malignancies of the central nervous system. Tumor-associated macrophages constitute a substantial portion, ranging from 30% to 50%, of the tumor tissue and exhibit tumor-promoting phenotypes within the immune-compromised microenvironment. Constructing CAR-macrophages can effectively repolarize M2-type macrophages towards an M1-type phenotype, thereby eliciting potent anti-tumor effects. CAR-macrophages can recruit T cells to the brain tumor site, thereby orchestrating a remodeling of the immune niche to effectively inhibit tumor growth. In this review, we explore the potential limitations as well as strategies for optimizing CAR-M therapy, offering insights into the future direction of this innovative therapeutic approach.
Development and preclinical characterization of a novel radiotheranostic EphA2-targeting bicyclic peptide
Authors: Mohamed El Fakiri, Anusha R Regupathy, Lisa Uhlmann, Nawal Ayada, Nicolas M Geis, Lisa-Charlotte Domogalla, Johanna Lahdenranta, Ben Blakeman, Francesca Wood, Philipp T Meyer, Philip Huxley, Matthias Eder, Gemma E Mudd, Ann-Christin Eder
Journal: Theranostics (2024)

Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular receptor A2 (EphA2), is a receptor tyrosine kinase involved in cell-cell interactions. It is known to be overexpressed in various tumors and is associated with poor prognosis. EphA2 has been proposed as a target for theranostic applications. Low molecular weight peptide-based scaffolds with low nanomolar affinities have been shown to be ideal in such applications. Bicyclic peptides have emerged as an alternative to traditional peptides for this purpose, offering affinities comparable to antibodies due to their constrained nature, along with high tissue penetration, and improved stability compared to linear counterparts. This study presents the development and comprehensive
Mild-photothermal and nanocatalytic therapy for obesity and associated diseases
Authors: Lewen Zheng, Aung Than, Ping Zan, Dongsheng Li, Zheye Zhang, Melvin Khee Shing Leow, Peng Chen
Journal: Theranostics (2024)

Current anti-obesity medications suffer from limited efficacy and side-effects because they act indirectly on either the central nervous system or gastrointestinal system. Herein, this work aims to introduce a transdermal photothermal and nanocatalytic therapy enabled by Prussian blue nanoparticles, which directly act on obese subcutaneous white adipose tissue (sWAT) to induce its beneficial remodeling including stimulation of browning, lipolysis, secretion of adiponectin, as well as reduction of oxidative stress, hypoxia, and inflammation.
Single cell RNA-sequencing delineates CD8<sup>+</sup> tissue resident memory T cells maintaining rejection in liver transplantation
Authors: Xinqiang Li, Shipeng Li, Yan Wang, Xin Zhou, Feng Wang, Imran Muhammad, Yurong Luo, Yandong Sun, Dan Liu, Bin Wu, Dahong Teng, Jinshan Wang, Kai Zhao, Qi Ling, Jinzhen Cai
Journal: Theranostics (2024)

Understanding the immune mechanisms associated with liver transplantation (LT), particularly the involvement of tissue-resident memory T cells (TRMs), represents a significant challenge.
Engineered plant-derived extracellular vesicles for targeted regulation and treatment of colitis-associated inflammation
Authors: Su Jin Kang, Jeong Hyun Lee, Won Jong Rhee
Journal: Theranostics (2024)

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disorder characterized by persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Due to the elusive causes and complex mechanisms of this disorder, the development of highly effective therapeutic drugs is crucial. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membrane-bound structures released by cells into the surrounding environment. Recent research has witnessed a substantial surge in the utilization of plant-derived EVs that offer advantages such as high productivity, low production costs, diverse biological functions, and low cytotoxicity. Herein, Red cabbage-derived EVs (Rabex) were investigated and engineered as potential therapeutic agents for IBD.
Dual role of exosomal circCMTM3 derived from GSCs in impeding degradation and promoting phosphorylation of STAT5A to facilitate vasculogenic mimicry formation in glioblastoma
Authors: Chengbin Wang, Yingliang Liu, Zhenxing Zuo, Daming Cui, Yuzhen Xu, Li Li, Yang Jiang
Journal: Theranostics (2024)

Glioblastoma (GBM) is characterized by abundant neovascularization as an essential hallmark. Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) is a predominant pattern of GBM neovascularization. However, the biological functions of circRNAs prompting VM formation in GBM remains unclarified.
Seminar: Functional Exposomics and Mechanisms of Toxicity—Insights from Model Systems and NAMs
Authors: Yunjia Lai, Muhammet Ay, Carolina Duarte Hospital, Gary W. Miller, Souvarish Sarkar
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2024)

Significant progress has been made over the past decade in measuring the chemical components of the exposome, providing transformative population-scale frameworks in probing the etiologic link between environmental factors and disease phenotypes. While the analytical technologies continue to evolve with reams of data being generated, there is an opportunity to complement exposome-wide association studies (ExWAS) with functional analyses to advance etiologic search at organismal, cellular, and molecular levels.
Dual-purposing disulfiram for enhanced chemotherapy and afterglow imaging using chlorin e6 and semiconducting polymer combined strategy
Authors: Di Zhao, Aifang Zhou, Xintong Dong, Hong-Min Meng, Yating He, Lingbo Qu, Ke Zhang, Yuehe Lin, Zhaohui Li
Journal: Theranostics (2024)

One of the main challenges in chemotherapy is achieving high treatment efficacy while minimizing adverse events. Fully exploiting the therapeutic potential of an old drug and monitoring its effects
Conditional ablation of DIS3L2 ribonuclease in pre-meiotic germ cells causes defective spermatogenesis and infertility in male mice
Authors: Nana Li, Junjie Yu, Yan-Qin Feng, Phoebe Xu, Xiao Wang, Meiyang Zhou, Hong Li, Yu Xu, Zhengpin Wang
Journal: Theranostics (2024)

Spermatogenesis is a highly organized cell differentiation process in mammals, involving mitosis, meiosis, and spermiogenesis. DIS3L2, which is primarily expressed in the cytoplasm, is an RNA exosome-independent ribonuclease. In female mice,
pH and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> dual-sensitive nanoparticles enable enhanced and safe glucose-responsive oral insulin delivery for diabetes mellitus treatment
Authors: Muzi Li, Nan Wang, Ruiyuan Liu, Xinyue Zhang, Wei He, Wen Zhang, Jiaxin Li, Chen Peng, Yan Li
Journal: Theranostics (2024)

Oral insulin delivery is considered a revolutionary alternative to daily subcutaneous injection. However, the oral bioavailability of insulin is very low due to the poor oral absorption into blood circulation.
Hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) 3α prevents COPD by inhibiting alveolar epithelial cell ferroptosis via the HIF-3α-GPx4 axis
Authors: Junchao Jiang, Zhoude Zheng, Shengsong Chen, Jixiang Liu, Ju Jia, Yuhang Huang, Qing Liu, Chung Y Cheung, Don D Sin, Ting Yang, Chen Wang
Journal: Theranostics (2024)

COPD patients are largely asymptomatic until the late stages when prognosis is generally poor. In this study, we shifted the focus to pre-COPD and smoking stages, and found enrichment of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-3α is in pre-COPD samples. Smoking induced regional tissue hypoxia and emphysema have been found in COPD patients. However, the mechanisms underlying hypoxia especially HIF-3α and COPD have not been investigated.
Amide naphthotube as a novel supramolecular sequestration agent for tetracaine and decamethonium
Authors: Cheng-Da Zhao, Wei Cai, Wen-Jie Chen, Huan Yao, Song-Meng Wang, Kailin Li, Yan-Long Ma, Li-Li Wang, Liu-Pan Yang
Journal: Theranostics (2024)

Anesthetics are widely used for optimizing surgical conditions, postoperative pain management, and treating various chronic pain conditions. Tetracaine and decamethonium are representative drugs of local anesthetics and neuromuscular blocking agents, respectively. However, overdose and toxicity of the drugs always lead to serious adverse events. Thus, there is a strong demand for effective antidotes.
Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles targeting irradiated intestine exert therapeutic effects
Authors: Ningning He, Mingxin Dong, Yuxiao Sun, Mengmeng Yang, Yan Wang, Liqing Du, Kaihua Ji, Jinhan Wang, Manman Zhang, Yeqing Gu, Xinran Lu, Yang Liu, Qin Wang, Zongjin Li, Huijuan Song, Chang Xu, Qiang Liu
Journal: Theranostics (2024)

Radiation-induced intestinal injuries are common in patients with pelvic or abdominal cancer. However, these injuries are currently not managed effectively. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) have been extensively used in regenerative medicine. However, the results of MSC-EVs in the repair of radiation-induced intestinal damage have been unsatisfactory. We here investigated the nanotherapeutic functions of MSC-EVs in radiation-induced intestinal injury.
Coaching doctors to improve ethical decision-making in adult hospitalized patients potentially receiving excessive treatment. The CODE stepped-wedge cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Dominique D Benoit, Aglaja De Pauw, Celine Jacobs, Ine Moors, Fritz Offner, Anja Velghe, Nele Van Den Noortgate, Pieter Depuydt, Patrick Druwé, Dimitri Hemelsoet, Alfred Meurs, Jiska Malotaux, Wim Van Biesen, Francis Verbeke, Eric Derom, Dieter Stevens, Michel De Pauw, Fiona Tromp, Hans Van Vlierberghe, Eduard Callebout, Katrijn Goethals, An Lievrouw, Limin Liu, Frank Manesse, Stijn Vanheule, Ruth Piers
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2024)
Molecular imaging nanoprobes and their applications in atherosclerosis diagnosis
Authors: Huari Kou, Hu Yang
Journal: Theranostics (2024)

Molecular imaging has undergone significant development in recent years for its excellent ability to image and quantify biologic processes at cellular and molecular levels. Its application is of significance in cardiovascular diseases, particularly in diagnosing them at early stages. Atherosclerosis is a complex, chronic, and progressive disease that can lead to serious consequences such as heart strokes or infarctions. Attempts have been made to detect atherosclerosis with molecular imaging modalities. Not only do imaging modalities develop rapidly, but research of relevant nanomaterials as imaging probes has also been increasingly studied in recent years. This review focuses on the latest developments in the design and synthesis of probes that can be utilized in computed tomography, positron emission tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound imaging, photoacoustic imaging and combined modalities. The challenges and future developments of nanomaterials for molecular imaging modalities are also discussed.
Tuning Responses to Polatuzumab Vedotin in B-cell Lymphoma
Authors: Etienne Leveille, Shalin Kothari, Kadriye N. Cosgun, Coraline Mlynarczyk, Markus Müschen
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2024)

Summary: Polatuzumab vedotin, an antibody–drug conjugate targeting CD79B, is the first new drug approved for first-line therapy of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in more than two decades, although factors determining treatment responses to polatuzumab vedotin remain unknown. Two new studies identified central mechanisms of lower sensitivity, namely reduced accessibility of the CD79B epitope through N-linked glycosylation of CD79B and lower CD79B surface expression levels due to the activity of the KLHL6 E3 ligase. See related article by Corcoran et al., p. 1653 (6) See related article by Meriranta et al. (7).
If You Build It, Patients with Rare Cancers Will Come: A Successful Clinical Trial in Relapsed and Refractory JMML
Authors: Nana Adjoa Ben-Crentsil, Eric Padron
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2024)

Summary: Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) is a rare pediatric hematologic malignancy with a high relapse rate and a poor prognosis hallmarked by RAS pathway mutations. Stieglitz and colleagues conducted a phase II clinical trial using the MEK inhibitor trametinib to treat patients with relapsed and refractory juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia and observed an objective response rate of 50% and an overall survival of 80% after 4 years. See related article by Stieglitz et al., p. 1590 (4) .
Benefits and concerns of probiotics: an overview of the potential genotoxicity of the colibactin-producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> Nissle 1917 strain
Authors: Luca Falzone, Alessandro Lavoro, Saverio Candido, Mario Salmeri, Antonino Zanghì, Massimo Libra
Journal: Gut Microbes (2024)

Recently, the mounting integration of probiotics into human health strategies has gathered considerable attention. Although the benefits of probiotics have been widely recognized in patients with gastrointestinal disorders, immune system modulation, and chronic-degenerative diseases, there is a growing need to evaluate their potential risks. In this context, new concerns have arisen regarding the safety of probiotics as some strains may have adverse effects in humans. Among these strains,
Insights on Future Directions in Cancer Research from the AACR NextGen Stars
Authors: Israel Cañadas, Gabriele Casirati, Kathleen E. Houlahan, Kara N. Maxwell, Arnav Mehta, Abhijit Parolia, Olivier Saulnier, Alison M. Taylor, Claire E. Thomas, Ignacio Vázquez-García
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2024)
Gene-Specific Machine Learning Models to Classify Driver Mutations in Clonal Hematopoiesis
Authors: Christopher M. Arends, Siddhartha Jaiswal
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2024)

Summary: There is no general consensus on the set of mutations capable of driving the age-related clonal expansions in hematopoietic stem cells known as clonal hematopoiesis, and current variant classifications typically rely on rules derived from expert knowledge. In this issue of Cancer Discovery, Damajo and colleagues trained and validated machine learning models without prior knowledge of clonal hematopoiesis driver mutations to classify somatic mutations in blood for 12 genes in a purely data-driven way. See related article by Demajo et al., p. 1717 (9).
Advances in targeted delivery of mRNA into immune cells for enhanced cancer therapy
Authors: Linzhuo Huang, Zhiquan Huang, Yuxuan Zhang, Chunhao Lin, Zixuan Zhao, Rong Li, Phei Er Saw, Xiaoding Xu
Journal: Theranostics (2024)

Messenger RNA (mRNA) therapy has been applied to the treatment of various human diseases including malignant tumors. Increasing evidences have shown that mRNA can enhance the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy by modulating the functions of immune cells and stimulating their activity. However, mRNA is a type of negatively charged biomacromolecules that are susceptible to serum nucleases and cannot readily cross the cell membrane. In the past few decades, various nanoparticles (NPs)-based delivery systems have been rationally designed and developed to facilitate the intracellular uptake and cytosolic delivery of mRNA. More importantly, by means of the specific recognition between the targeting ligands decorated on NP surface and receptors specifically expressed on immune cells, these mRNA delivery systems could be functionalized to target immune cells to further enhance the mRNA-based cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we briefly introduced the advancements of mRNA in cancer therapy, discussed the challenges faced by mRNA delivery, and systematically summarized the recent development in NPs-based mRNA delivery systems targeting various types of immune cells for cancer immunotherapy. The future development of NPs-mediated targeted mRNA delivery and their challenges in clinical translation are also discussed.
Nanotechnology based gas delivery system: a “green” strategy for cancer diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Meixu Chen, Tianyue Xu, Linlin Song, Ting Sun, Zihan Xu, Yujie Zhao, Peixin Du, Ling Xiong, Zhankun Yang, Jing Jing, Hubing Shi
Journal: Theranostics (2024)

Gas therapy, a burgeoning clinical treatment modality, has garnered widespread attention to treat a variety of pathologies in recent years. The advent of nanoscale gas drug therapy represents a novel therapeutic strategy, particularly demonstrating immense potential in the realm of oncology. This comprehensive review navigates the landscape of gases endowed with anti-cancer properties, including hydrogen (H
Do Existing <scp>MRI</scp> Definitions of Knee Osteoarthritis Identify Knees That Will Develop Clinically Significant Disease Over Up To 11 Years of Follow‐Up?
Authors: Alison H. Chang, Frank W. Roemer, Ali Guermazi, Orit Almagor, Jungwha (Julia) Lee, Joan S. Chmiel, Lutfiyya N. Muhammad, Jing Song, Leena Sharma
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2024)

Objectives In individuals without radiographic knee osteoarthritis (KOA), we investigated whether MRI‐defined KOA at baseline was associated with incident radiographic and symptomatic disease during up to 11 years of follow‐up. Methods Osteoarthritis Initiative participants without tibiofemoral radiographic KOA at baseline were assessed for MRI‐based tibiofemoral cartilage damage, osteophyte presence, bone marrow lesions, and meniscal damage/extrusion. We defined MRI KOA using alternative, reported definitions (Def A and Def B). Kellgren‐Lawrence (KL) grade, joint space narrowing (JSN), and frequent knee symptoms (Sx) were assessed at baseline, 1‐, 2‐, 3‐, 4‐, 6‐, 8‐, and 10/11‐year follow‐up visits. Incident tibiofemoral radiographic KOA (outcome) was defined as (1) KL ≥ 2, (2) KL ≥ 2 and JSN, or (3) KL ≥ 2 and Sx. Adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression models examined associations of baseline MRI‐defined KOA (Def A and Def B) with incident outcomes during up to 11 years of follow‐up. Results Among 1621 participants [mean age=58.8 (SD=9.0) years, mean BMI=27.2 (4.5) kg/m 2 , 59.5% women], 17% had MRI‐defined KOA by Def A and 24% by Def B. Baseline MRI‐defined KOA was associated with incident KL ≥ 2 [odds ratio=2.94 (95% CI=2.34‐3.68) for Def A and 2.44 (95% CI=1.97‐3.03) for Def B]. However, a substantial proportion of individuals with baseline MRI‐defined KOA did not develop incident KL ≥ 2 during follow‐up (59% for Def A and 64% for Def B). Findings were similar for the other two outcomes. Conclusions Current MRI definitions of KOA do not adequately identify knees that will develop radiographic and symptomatic disease.
Risk of Stroke or Systemic Embolism According to Baseline Frequency and Duration of Subclinical Atrial Fibrillation: Insights From the ARTESiA Trial
Authors: William F. McIntyre, Alexander P. Benz, Jeff S. Healey, Stuart J. Connolly, Mu Yang, Shun Fu Lee, Thalia S. Field, Marco Alings, J. Benezet-Mazuecos, Giuseppe Boriani, J. Cosedis Nielsen, Michael R. Gold, Francesco Pergolini, Taya V. Glotzer, Christopher B. Granger, Renato D. Lopes
Journal: Circulation (2024)

BACKGROUND: In the ARTESiA trial (Apixaban for the Reduction of Thromboembolism in Patients With Device-Detected Subclinical Atrial Fibrillation), apixaban, compared with aspirin, reduced stroke or systemic embolism in patients with device-detected subclinical atrial fibrillation (SCAF). Clinical guidelines recommend considering SCAF episode duration when deciding whether to prescribe oral anticoagulation for this population. METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study in ARTESiA. Using Cox regression adjusted for CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc score and treatment allocation (apixaban or aspirin), we assessed frequency of SCAF episodes and duration of the longest SCAF episode in the 6 months before randomization as predictors of stroke risk and of apixaban treatment effect. RESULTS: Among 3986 patients with complete baseline SCAF data, 703 (17.6%) had no SCAF episode ≥6 minutes in the 6 months before enrollment. Among 3283 patients (82.4%) with ≥1 episode of SCAF ≥6 minutes in the 6 months before enrollment, 2542 (77.4%) had up to 5 episodes, and 741 (22.6%) had ≥6 episodes. The longest episode lasted &lt;1 hour in 1030 patients (31.4%), 1 to &lt;6 hours in 1421 patients (43.3%), and &gt;6 hours in 832 patients (25.3%). Higher baseline SCAF frequency was not associated with increased risk of stroke or systemic embolism: 1.1% for 1 to 5 episodes versus 1.2%/patient-year for ≥6 episodes (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.89 [95% CI, 0.59–1.34]). In an exploratory analysis, patients with previous SCAF but no episode ≥6 minutes in the 6 months before enrollment had a lower risk of stroke or systemic embolism than patients with at least one episode during that period (0.5% versus 1.1%/patient-year; adjusted hazard ratio, 0.48 [95% CI, 0.27–0.85]). The frequency of SCAF did not modify the reduction in stroke or systemic embolism with apixaban ( P interaction =0.1). The duration of the longest SCAF episode in the 6 months before enrollment was not associated with the risk of stroke or systemic embolism during follow-up (&lt;1 hour: 1.0%/patient-year [reference]; 1–6 hours: 1.2%/patient-year [adjusted hazard ratio, 1.27 (95% CI, 0.85–1.90)]; &gt;6 hours: 1.0%/patient-year [adjusted hazard ratio, 1.02 (95% CI, 0.63–1.66)]). SCAF duration did not modify the reduction in stroke or systemic embolism with apixaban ( P trend =0.1). CONCLUSIONS: In ARTESiA, baseline SCAF frequency and longest episode duration were not associated with risk of stroke or systemic embolism and did not modify the effect of apixaban on reduction of stroke or systemic embolism. REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov ; Unique identifier: NCT01938248.