tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Exploring cognitive reserve’s influence: unveiling the dynamics of digital telerehabilitation in Parkinson’s Disease Resilience
Authors: Sara Isernia, Sonia Di Tella, Federica Rossetto, Francesca Borgnis, Olivia Realdon, Monia Cabinio, Chiara Pagliari, Alessandro Torchio, Anna Castagna, Valeria Blasi, Maria Caterina Silveri, Francesca Baglio
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2024)

Abstract Telerehabilitation is emerging as a promising digital method for delivering rehabilitation to Parkinson’s Disease (PD) patients, especially in the early stages to promote brain resilience. This study explores how cognitive reserve (CR), the brain’s ability to withstand aging and disease, impacts the effectiveness of telerehabilitation. It specifically examines the influence of lifelong cognitive activities on the relationship between neural reserve and improved functional abilities following rehabilitation. In the study, 42 PD patients underwent a 4-month neuromotor telerehabilitation program. CR proxies were assessed using the Cognitive Reserve Index questionnaire (CRIq), brain changes via 3T-MRI, and functional response through changes in the 6-Minute Walk Distance (6MWD). Participants were divided into responders ( n = 23) and non-responders ( n = 19) based on their 6MWD improvement. A multiple regression model was run to test significant predictors of 6MWD after treatment in each group. The results revealed a significant correlation between 6MWD and CRIq scores, but only among responders. Notably, the CRIq Leisure-Time sub-index, along with baseline 6MWD, were predictors of post-treatment 6MWD. These findings highlight CR’s role in enhancing the benefits of telerehabilitation on PD patients’ neuromotor functions. Clinically, these results suggest that neurologists and clinicians should consider patients’ lifestyles and cognitive engagement as important factors in predicting and enhancing the outcomes of telerehabilitation. The study underscores the potential of CR as both a predictor and booster of telerehabilitation’s effects, advocating for a personalized approach to PD treatment that takes into account individual CR levels.
Off-the-shelf CAR-T cell therapies for relapsed or refractory B-cell malignancies: latest update from ASH 2023 annual meeting
Authors: Yun Kang, Chenggong Li, Heng Mei
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2024)

Abstract Currently, many off-the-shelf chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell products are under investigation for the treatment of relapsed or refractory (R/R) B-cell neoplasms. Compared with autologous CAR-T cell therapy, off-the-shelf universal CAR-T cell therapies have many potential benefits, such as immediate accessibility for patients, stable quality due to industrialized manufacturing and additional infusions of CAR-T cells with different targets. However, critical challenges, including graft-versus-host disease and CAR-T cell elimination by the host immune system, still require extensive research. The most common technological approaches involve modifying healthy donor T cells via gene editing technology and altering different types of T cells. This article summarizes some of the latest data from preclinical and clinical studies of off-the-shelf CAR-T cell therapies in the treatment of R/R B-cell malignancies from the 2023 ASH Annual Meeting (ASH 2023).
Longitudinal analysis within one hospital in sub-Saharan Africa over 20 years reveals repeated replacements of dominant clones of Klebsiella pneumoniae and stresses the importance to include temporal patterns for vaccine design considerations
Authors: Eva Heinz, Oliver Pearse, Allan Zuza, Sithembile Bilima, Chisomo Msefula, Patrick Musicha, Patriciah Siyabu, Edith Tewesa, Fabrice E. Graf, Rebecca Lester, Samantha Lissauer, Jennifer Cornick, Joseph M. Lewis, Kondwani Kawaza, Nicholas R. Thomson, Nicholas A. Feasey
Journal: Genome Medicine (2024)

Abstract Background Infections caused by multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria present a severe threat to global public health. The WHO defines drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae as a priority pathogen for which alternative treatments are needed given the limited treatment options and the rapid acquisition of novel resistance mechanisms by this species. Longitudinal descriptions of genomic epidemiology of Klebsiella pneumoniae can inform management strategies but data from sub-Saharan Africa are lacking. Methods We present a longitudinal analysis of all invasive K. pneumoniae isolates from a single hospital in Blantyre, Malawi, southern Africa, from 1998 to 2020, combining clinical data with genome sequence analysis of the isolates. Results We show that after a dramatic increase in the number of infections from 2016 K . pneumoniae becomes hyperendemic, driven by an increase in neonatal infections. Genomic data show repeated waves of clonal expansion of different, often ward-restricted, lineages, suggestive of hospital-associated transmission. We describe temporal trends in resistance and surface antigens, of relevance for vaccine development. Conclusions Our data highlight a clear need for new interventions to prevent rather than treat K. pneumoniae infections in our setting. Whilst one option may be a vaccine, the majority of cases could be avoided by an increased focus on and investment in infection prevention and control measures, which would reduce all healthcare-associated infections and not just one.
Executing plans to enhance diversity across cancer centers in the United States: opportunities and challenges
Authors: Christopher I Li, Sherise Chantell Rogers, Carol J Bult, Carmen E Guerra, Angela Talton, Lovoria B Williams, Wendy Law
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2024)

Lack of diversity in the cancer research workforce persists, which the new requirement for all National Cancer Institute (NCI)-designated cancer centers to have a Plan to Enhance Diversity (PED) seeks to address. However, it is not well understood how different cancer centers are approaching the development and execution of these plans. Our objective was to assess how cancer centers are establishing and pursuing their PED.
An adaptive biodegradable zinc alloy with bidirectional regulation of bone homeostasis for treating fractures and aged bone defects
Authors: Jialian Xu, Guo Bao, Bo Jia, Minqi Wang, Peng Wen, Tianyou Kan, Shutao Zhang, Aobo Liu, Haozheng Tang, Hongtao Yang, Bing Yue, Kerong Dai, Yufeng Zheng, Xinhua Qu
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2024)

Healing of fractures or bone defects is significantly hindered by overactivated osteoclasts and inhibited osteogenesis in patients with abnormal bone metabolism. Current clinical approaches using titanium alloys or stainless steel provide mechanical support but have no biological effects on bone regeneration. Therefore, designing and fabricating degradable metal materials with sufficient mechanical strength and bidirectional regulation of both osteoblasts and osteoclasts is a substantial challenge. Here, this study first reported an adaptive biodegradable Zn-0.8 Mg alloy with bidirectional regulation of bone homeostasis, which promotes osteogenic differentiation by activating the Pi3k/Akt pathway and inhibits osteoclast differentiation by inhibiting the GRB2/ERK pathway. The
European Association of Urology Guidelines on Urological Infections: Summary of the 2024 Guidelines
Authors: Jennifer Kranz, Riccardo Bartoletti, Franck Bruyère, Tommaso Cai, Suzanne Geerlings, Bela Köves, Sören Schubert, Adrian Pilatz, Rajan Veeratterapillay, Florian M E Wagenlehner, Kathrin Bausch, Wout Devlies, József Horváth, Lorenz Leitner, Guglielmo Mantica, Tunde Mezei, Emma J Smith, Gernot Bonkat
Journal: European Urology (2024)

Urological infections significantly impact the wellbeing and quality of life of individuals owing to their widespread occurrence and diverse clinical manifestations. The objective of the guidelines panel was to provide evidence-based guidance on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of urinary tract infections (UTIs) and male accessory-gland infections, while addressing crucial public health aspects related to infection control and antimicrobial stewardship.
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided emergency choledochoduodenostomy through a double duodenal stent
Authors: Marco Sacco, Ludovica Dottori, Maria Teresa Staiano, Stefania Caronna, Silvia Gaia, Giorgio Maria Saracco, Mauro Bruno
Journal: Endoscopy (2024)

With the advancement of oncologic and endoscopic therapies, the survival of patients with pancreatic cancer is increasing, even in patients with advanced disease, meaning complications due to previous treatments are being seen more frequently. We describe the case of a 57-year-old woman with advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma that had been diagnosed 2 years before admission who presented with jaundice requiring biliary stenting. She had developed gastric outlet obstruction 1 year after diagnosis and an initial duodenal uncovered self-expandable metal stent (USEMS) had been placed, which was then followed by placement of a second stent because of tumor ingrowth ([Fig. 1]).
Endoscopic ultrasound-directed transgastric endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography procedure for choledocholithiasis after sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y
Authors: Reid D. Wasserman, Varun Kesar, Vivek Kesar, Paul Yeaton, Shehriyar Mehershahi
Journal: Endoscopy (2024)

The endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-directed transgastric endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) procedure (EDGE) is employed when patients have altered anatomy from Roux-en-Y bypass surgery for treatment of biliary pathology. The procedure involves placing a lumen-apposing metal stent (LAMS) from the gastric pouch into the excluded stomach to create a fistula in which an ERCP scope can traverse to reach the ampulla [1]. However, patients who have previously undergone sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y bypass have a significantly smaller anatomical field to manipulate, which poses a technical challenge for the endoscopist. The case we report here shows that EDGE can be performed successfully using a gastro–gastric approach ([Video 1]).
Direct vision endoscopic retrograde appendicitis therapy in the treatment of appendicitis with appendicolith in young women
Authors: Dezheng Lin, Yuping Su, Zehui Guo, Qinghua Zhong, Jiancong Hu, Mingli Su, Xuefeng Guo
Journal: Endoscopy (2024)

A 31-year old woman who was preparing for pregnancy sought medical attention due to recurrent right lower abdominal pain. She was diagnosed with acute appendicitis with appendicolith after an ultrasound examination. Unwilling to undergo appendectomy, she opted for endoscopic intervention and underwent direct vision endoscopic retrograde appendicitis therapy.
A double-incision endoscopic myotomy of the cricopharyngeal muscle for the management of a large hemi-circumferential Zenker’s diverticulum
Authors: Sunil Gupta, Tony He, Jeffrey D. Mosko, Natalia Soledad Causada Calo, Christopher Teshima, Gary R. May
Journal: Endoscopy (2024)

An 81-year-old man with a decade-long history of dysphagia to solids presented to our hospital in extremis. He had lost 20 pounds in weight over 7 months, and more recently had been unable to tolerate clear fluids. A gastroscopy, barium swallow, and computed tomography scan revealed a large hemi-circumferential Zenker's diverticulum, located 18 cm from the incisors and centered at 9 o'clock ([Fig. 1] a), with minimal passage of contrast into the esophageal lumen observed.
Hemostatic powder for the management of hemorrhage from esophageal self-expanding metal stents: A case report
Authors: Ana Paula Samy Tanaka Kotinda, Antoine Guilloux, Sylvie Breton, Romain Leenhardt, Ulriikka Chaput, Xavier Dray, Marine Camus Duboc
Journal: Endoscopy (2024)

Esophageal stenting is a well-established treatment modality for managing various esophageal pathologies. However, despite its benefits, stent-related complications can occur. We present a rare case of hemorrhage following the placement of a fully covered esophageal stent. The prompt identification and management of this complication resulted in a favorable outcome.
Diagnostic utility of contrast-enhanced ultrasound endoscopy in a case of hemosuccus pancreaticus
Authors: Kiyokuni Tanabe, Atsushi Kanno, Eriko Ikeda, Kozue Ando, Kensuke Yokoyama, Hironori Yamamoto
Journal: Endoscopy (2024)

Hemosuccus pancreaticus is a rare condition characterized by bleeding from an intrapancreatic pseudocyst or ruptured peripancreatic aneurysm emptying from the main pancreatic duct (MPD) into the gastrointestinal tract via the duodenal papilla [1]. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CE-CT) is the primary diagnostic modality for hemosuccus pancreaticus. However, the indication for CE-CT should be carefully evaluated in individuals with renal dysfunction or an allergy to contrast media [2]. We describe a case where contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasound (CE-EUS) was useful in diagnosing hemosuccus pancreaticus ([Video 1]).
Translational selenium nanoparticles boost GPx1 activation to reverse HAdV-14 virus-induced oxidative damage
Authors: Yinghua Li, Ting Liu, Ruilin Zheng, Jia Lai, Jingyao Su, Jiali Li, Bing Zhu, Tianfeng Chen
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2024)

Human adenovirus (HAdV) can cause severe respiratory infections in immunocompromised patients, but its clinical treatment is seriously limited by side effects of drugs such as poor efficacy, low bioavailability and severe nephrotoxicity. Trace element selenium (Se) has been found will affect the disease progression of pneumonia, but its antivirus efficacy could be improved by speciation optimization. Therefore, herein we performed anti-HAdV effects of different Se speciation and found that lentinan (LNT)-decorated selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) exhibited low cytotoxicity and excellent anti-HAdV antiviral activity. Furthermore, SeNPs@LNT reduced the HAdV infection-induced mitochondrial damage and excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). It was also involved in the repair of host cell DNA damage and inhibition of viral DNA replication. SeNPs@LNT inhibited HAdV-induced apoptosis mainly by modulating the p53/Bcl-2 apoptosis signaling pathway. In vivo, SeNPs@LNT replenished Se by targeting the infected site through the circulatory system and was involved in the synthesis of Glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1). More importantly, GPx1 played an antioxidant and immunomodulatory role in alleviating HAdV-induced inflammatory cytokine storm and alleviating adenovirus pneumonia in Se-deficient mice. Collectively, this study provides a Se speciation of SeNPs@LNT with anti-HAdV activity, and demonstrate that SeNPs@LNT is a promising pharmaceutical candidate for the treatment of HAdV.
Endoscopic submucosal dissection with dental floss traction for the treatment of a superficial tumor in the horizontal part of the duodenum
Authors: Xiaolong Xian, Silin Huang, Suhuan Liao, Jun Cai, Guang Yang, Bo Li, Rui Feng
Journal: Endoscopy (2024)

A 55-year-old man, during a routine screening gastroscopic examination, was found to be harboring an incipient neoplasm on the horizontal part of the duodenum. The lesion measured approximately 40×35 mm. Its surface morphology exhibited irregularity and a villous-like appearance under linked color imaging or blue light imaging, with uneven distribution and marginalization of white opaque substance. Abdominal enhanced computed tomography showed no lymphatic or organ metastasis ([Fig. 1]). The patient was admitted as an inpatient and underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) under general anesthesia ([Video 1]). Significant challenges were encountered during this procedure, specifically during the circumferential mucosal incision, and particularly on the anal side of the lesion. To overcome the difficulty, we employed a colonoscope (EC-L600ZP7; Fujifilm, Tokyo, Japan) and applied abdominal pressure, which enhanced endoscope stability and allowed the circumferential incision to be successfully completed. We then used clips and dental floss for traction on the oral side of the lesion. This improved visualization of the submucosal layer and facilitated continuous pulling towards the oral side, aiding the approach of the endoscope's tip. We transitioned to a gastroscope (EG-601WR; Fujifilm, Tokyo, Japan) to complete dissection in the submucosal layer. The procedure was completed in 285 minutes ([Fig. 2]). After surgery, no complications such as perforation, hemorrhage, or pyrexia occurred. Histopathological analysis showed complete excision of the villous tubular adenoma, with R0 resection achieved ([Fig. 3]).
Assessment of CD8+ T-cell mediated immunity in an influenza A(H3N2) human challenge model in Belgium: a single centre, randomised, double-blind phase 2 study
Authors: Thomas G Evans, Flora Castellino, Monika Kowalik Dobczyk, Gwen Tucker, Ana Marie Walley, Katrin Van Leuven, Jelle Klein, Kathryn Rutkowski, Chris Ellis, Elizabeth Eagling-Vose, John Treanor, Carel van Baalen, Ella Filkov, Cyril Laurent, Juilee Thacker, Jason Asher, Armen Donabedian
Journal: The Lancet Microbe (2024)
Human dopaminergic system in the exercise-cognition link
Authors: Meijun Hou, Fabian Herold, Zhihao Zhang, Soichi Ando, Boris Cheval, Sebastian Ludyga, Kirk I. Erickson, Charles H. Hillman, Qian Yu, Teresa Liu-Ambrose, Jin Kuang, Arthur F. Kramer, Yanxia Chen, Joseph T. Costello, Chong Chen, Olivier Dupuy, Dominika M. Pindus, Terry McMorris, Lars Stiernman, Liye Zou
Journal: Trends in Molecular Medicine (2024)
Letter to the Editor: MAFLD versus MASLD–Which is more appropriate from a global perspective?
Authors: Mohamed Alboraie, Yasser Fouad, Mohammed Eslam
Journal: Hepatology (2024)

1Department of Internal Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt 2Department of Endemic Medicine and Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt 3Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead Hospital and University of Sydney, NSW, Australia Correspondence Mohamed Alboraie, Department of internal medicine, faculty of medicine, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11884 Cairo, Egypt. Email: [email protected]
Mass Spectrometry-Based Assessment of M-protein in Peripheral Blood During Maintenance Therapy in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Tadeusz Kubicki, Dominik Dytfeld, David R. Barnidge, Dhananjay Sakrikar, Anna Przybyłowicz-Chalecka, Krzysztof Jamroziak, Pawel Robak, Jaroslaw Czyz, Agata Tyczynska, Agnieszka Agata Druzd-Sitek, Krzysztof Giannopoulos, Tomasz Wróbel, Adam Nowicki, Tomasz Szczepaniak, Anna Łojko-Dankowska, Magdalena Matuszak, Lidia Anna Gil, Bartosz Puła, Lukasz Szukalski, Agnieszka Końska, Jan Maciej Zaucha, Jan Walewski, Damian Mikulski, Olga Czabak, Tadeusz Robak, Ken Jiang, Jennifer Helen Cooperrider, Andrzej J Jakubowiak, Benjamin A. Derman
Journal: Blood (2024)
Acidity-targeting transition-aided universal chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (ATT-CAR-T) therapy for the treatment of solid tumors
Authors: Tianyu Shi, Mengna Sun, Subiyinuer Tuerhong, Mengru Li, Jiayu Wang, Yingxin Wang, Qinghua Zheng, Lu Zou, Changchang Lu, Zhichen Sun, Zhengyun Zou, Jie Shao, Juan Du, Rutian Li, Baorui Liu, Fanyan Meng
Journal: Biomaterials (2024)
Neighborhood Walkability Is Associated With Lower Burden of Cardiovascular Risk Factors Among Cancer Patients
Authors: Nwabunie Nwana, Omar Mohamed Makram, Juan C. Nicolas, Alan Pan, Rakesh Gullapelli, Tarang Parekh, Zulqarnain Javed, Anoop Titus, Sadeer Al-Kindi, Jian Guan, Kai Sun, Stephen L. Jones, Jay E. Maddock, Jenny Chang, Khurram Nasir
Journal: JACC CardioOncology (2024)

Modifiable cardiovascular risk factors constitute a significant cause of cardiovascular disease and mortality among patients with cancer. Recent studies suggest a potential link between neighborhood walkability and favorable cardiovascular risk factor profiles in the general population.
CAR T-cell Resistance to Oncogenic Transformation
Authors: Marco Ruella, Carl H. June
Journal: Blood Cancer Discovery (2024)

In this commentary, we discuss the investigation into reports of T-cell malignancies following chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy. We argue that although these cases should be thoroughly examined, current data suggest that such risks with autologous chimeric antigen receptor T cells are remarkably low compared with other cancer treatments. We also emphasize the importance of continued research, transparent reporting, and participation in postauthorization safety studies.
The Fate(s) of CAR T-Cell Therapy: Navigating the Risks of CAR+ T-Cell Malignancy
Authors: Mohamed Abou-el-Enein
Journal: Blood Cancer Discovery (2024)

The introduction of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy represents a landmark advancement in treating resistant forms of cancer such as leukemia, lymphoma, and myeloma. However, concerns about long-term safety have emerged following an FDA investigation into reports of second primary malignancies (SPM) after CAR-T cell treatment. This review offers a thorough examination of how genetically modified T cells might transform into CAR+ SPM. It explores genetic and molecular pathways leading to T-cell lymphomagenesis, the balance between CAR T-cell persistence, stemness, and oncogenic risk, and the trade-off of T-cell exhaustion, which may limit therapy efficacy but potentially reduce lymphomagenesis risk. Significance: An FDA probe into 22 cases of second primary T-cell malignancies following CAR T-cell therapy stresses the need to investigate their origins. Few may arise from preexisting genetic and epigenetic alterations and those introduced during therapeutic engineering. Technological advances, regulatory oversight, and patient monitoring are essential to mitigate potential risks.
Dental pulp regeneration strategies: A review of status quo and recent advances
Authors: Xin-Lu Li, Wei Fan, Bing Fan
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2024)

Microorganisms, physical factors such as temperature or mechanical injury, and chemical factors such as free monomers from composite resin are the main causes of dental pulp diseases. Current clinical treatment methods for pulp diseases include the root canal therapy, vital pulp therapy and regenerative endodontic therapy. Regenerative endodontic therapy serves the purpose of inducing the regeneration of new functional pulp tissues through autologous revascularization or pulp tissue engineering. This article first discusses the current clinical methods and reviews strategies as well as the research outcomes regarding the pulp regeneration. Then the in vivo models, the prospects and challenges for regenerative endodontic therapy were further discussed.
Tracing Tumor Heterogeneity of Pleomorphic Carcinoma of the Lung
Authors: Luca Roma, Caner Ercan, Floriana Conticelli, Nalan Akyürek, Spasenija Savic Prince, Kirsten D Mertz, Joachim Diebold, Didier Lardinois, Salvatore Piscuoglio, Charlotte Ky Ng, Lukas Bubendorf
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2024)