National-level and state-level prevalence of overweight and obesity among children, adolescents, and adults in the USA, 1990–2021, and forecasts up to 2050
Authors: Marie Ng, Xiaochen Dai, Rebecca M Cogen, Michael Abdelmasseh, Arash Abdollahi, Auwal Abdullahi, Richard Gyan Aboagye, Hana J Abukhadijah, Temitayo Esther Adeyeoluwa, Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika Afolabi, Danish Ahmad, Noah Ahmad, Ayman Ahmed, Syed Anees Ahmed, Mohammed Ahmed Akkaif, Ashley E Akrami, Syed Mahfuz Al Hasan, Omar Al Ta'ani, Fares Alahdab, Ziyad Al-Aly, Wafa A Aldhaleei, Abdelazeem M Algammal, Waad Ali, Akram Al-Ibraheem, Saleh A Alqahatni, Rami H Al-Rifai, Najim Z Alshahrani, Mohammad Al-Wardat, Hany Aly, Walid A Al-Zyoud, Sohrab Amiri, Abhishek Anil, Jalal Arabloo, Aleksandr Y Aravkin, Ali Ardekani, Demelash Areda, Mubarek Yesse Ashemo, Alok Atreya, Sina Azadnajafabad, Shahkaar Aziz, Peter S Azzopardi, Giridhara Rathnaiah Babu, Atif Amin Baig, Abdulaziz T Bako, Kannu Bansal, Till Winfried Bärnighausen, Mohammad-Mahdi Bastan, Maryam Bemanalizadeh, Azizullah Beran, Habtamu B Beyene, Sonu Bhaskar, Cem Bilgin, Archie Bleyer, Hamed Borhany, Edward J Boyko, Dejana Braithwaite, Dana Bryazka, Raffaele Bugiardini, Yasser Bustanji, Zahid A Butt, Mehtap Çakmak Barsbay, Ismael Campos-Nonato, Francieli Cembranel, Ester Cerin, Pamela Roxana Chacón-Uscamaita, Eeshwar K Chandrasekar, Vijay Kumar Chattu, An-Tian Chen, Guangjin Chen, Gerald Chi, Patrick R Ching, So Mi Jemma Cho, Dong-Woo Choi, Bryan Chong, Sheng-Chia Chung, Zinhle Cindi, Karly I Cini, Alyssa Columbus, Rosa A S Couto, Michael H Criqui, Natalia Cruz-Martins, Omar B Da'ar, Omid Dadras, Zhaoli Dai, Samuel Demissie Darcho, Nihar Ranjan Dash, Hardik Dineshbhai Desai, Samath Dhamminda Dharmaratne, Daniel Diaz, Michael J Diaz, Thanh Chi Do, Mahsa Dolatshahi, Mario D'Oria, Ojas Prakashbhai Doshi, Rajkumar Prakashbhai Doshi, Robert Kokou Dowou, John Dube, Dorothea Dumuid, Arkadiusz Marian Dziedzic, Abdel Rahman E'mar, Rabie Adel El Arab, Ibrahim Farahat El Bayoumy, Muhammed Elhadi, Chadi Eltaha, Luca Falzone, Hossein Farrokhpour, Patrick Fazeli, Valery L Feigin, Ginenus Fekadu, Nuno Ferreira, Florian Fischer, Kate Louise Francis, Muktar A Gadanya, Miglas Welay Gebregergis, Delaram J Ghadimi, Ehsan Gholami, Mahaveer Golechha, Davide Golinelli, Philimon N Gona, Mahdi Gouravani, Ayman Grada, Ashna Grover, Avirup Guha, Rahul Gupta, Parham Habibzadeh, Nils Haep, Aram Halimi, Md. Kamrul Hasan, Md Saquib Hasnain, Simon I Hay, Wen-Qiang He, Jeffrey J Hebert, Mehdi Hemmati, Yuta Hiraike, Nguyen Quoc Hoan, Sorin Hostiuc, Chengxi Hu, Junjie Huang, Hong-Han Huynh, Md. Rabiul Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam, Louis Jacob, Abel Joseph, Sivesh Kathir Kamarajah, Kehinde Kazeem Kanmodi, Rami S Kantar, Yeganeh Karimi, Sina Kazemian, Mohammad Jobair Khan, Muhammad Shahzeb Khan, Praval Khanal, Shaghayegh Khanmohammadi, Khaled Khatab, Moawiah Mohammad Khatatbeh, Moein Khormali, Jagdish Khubchandani, Sylvia Kiconco, Min Seo Kim, Ruth W Kimokoti, Adnan Kisa, Mukhtar Kulimbet, Vijay Kumar, Satyajit Kundu, Om P Kurmi, Hanpeng Lai, Nhi Huu Hanh Le, Munjae Lee, Seung Won Lee, Wei-Chen Lee, An Li, Wei Li, Stephen S Lim, Jialing Lin, Paulina A Lindstedt, Xiaofeng Liu, Justin Lo, José Francisco López-Gil, Giancarlo Lucchetti, Lisha Luo, Jay B Lusk, Elham Mahmoudi, Elaheh Malakan Rad, Yosef Manla, Ramon Martinez-Piedra, Yasith Mathangasinghe, Fernanda Penido Matozinhos, Steven M McPhail, Hadush Negash Meles, George A Mensah, Sultan Ayoub Meo, Tomislav Mestrovic, Irmina Maria Michalek, GK Mini, Mohammad Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari, Gabriele Mocciaro, Jama Mohamed, Mouhand F H Mohamed, Nouh Saad Mohamed, Ameen Mosa Mohammad, Shafiu Mohammed, Ali H Mokdad, Kaveh Momenzadeh, Sara Momtazmanesh, Fateme Montazeri, Maziar Moradi-Lakeh, Shane Douglas Morrison, Rohith Motappa, Erin C Mullany, Christopher J L Murray, Pirouz Naghavi, Soroush Najdaghi, Delaram Narimani Davani, Gustavo G Nascimento, Zuhair S Natto, Dang H Nguyen, Hau Thi Hien Nguyen, Phat Tuan Nguyen, Van Thanh Nguyen, Yeshambel T Nigatu, Nasrin Nikravangolsefid, Syed Toukir Ahmed Noor, Fred Nugen, Ogochukwu Janet Nzoputam, Bogdan Oancea, Erin M O'Connell, Sylvester Reuben Okeke, Andrew T Olagunju, Omotola O Olasupo, Abdulhakeem Abayomi Olorukooba, Samuel M Ostroff, Abderrahim Oulhaj, Mayowa O Owolabi, Mahesh Padukudru P A, Romil R Parikh, Seoyeon Park, Sungchul Park, Ava Pashaei, Gavin Pereira, Hoang Nhat Pham, Tom Pham, Anil K Philip, Jalandhar Pradhan, Pranil Man Singh Pradhan, Nicolaas P Pronk, Jagadeesh Puvvula, Seyedeh Niloufar Rafiei Alavi, Catalina Raggi, Muhammad Aziz Rahman, Bita Rahmani, Mohammad Rahmanian, Shakthi Kumaran Ramasamy, Chhabi Lal Ranabhat, Sowmya J Rao, Sina Rashedi, Ahmed Mustafa Rashid, Elrashdy Moustafa Mohamed Redwan, Taeho Gregory Rhee, Monica Rodrigues, Jefferson Antonio Buendia Rodriguez, Cameron John Sabet, Siamak Sabour, Umar Saeed, Dominic Sagoe, Mohamed A Saleh, Vijaya Paul Samuel, Abdallah M Samy, Aswini Saravanan, Monika Sawhney, Susan M M Sawyer, Nikolaos Scarmeas, Markus P Schlaich, Art Schuermans, Sadaf G Sepanlou, Allen Seylani, Mahan Shafie, Nilay S Shah, Muhammad Aaqib Shamim, Mohammad Ali Shamshirgaran, Sadaf Sharfaei, Amin Sharifan, Anupam Sharma, Manoj Sharma, Aziz Sheikh, Rekha Raghuveer Shenoy, Premalatha K Shetty, Kenji Shibuya, Aminu Shittu, Kerem Shuval, Emmanuel Edwar Siddig, Diego Augusto Santos Silva, Jasvinder A Singh, Amanda E Smith, Ranjan Solanki, Sameh S M Soliman, Yi Song, Soroush Soraneh, Kurt Straif, Lukasz Szarpak, Seyyed Mohammad Tabatabaei, Celine Tabche, Manoj Tanwar, Nathan Y Tat, Mohamad-Hani Temsah, Aravind Thavamani, Thang Huu Tran, Domenico Trico, Thien Tan Tri Tai Truyen, Stefanos Tyrovolas, Arit Udoh, Sana Ullah, Seyed Mohammad Vahabi, Sanaz Vahdati, Asokan Govindaraj Vaithinathan, Azin Vakilpour, Jef Van den Eynde, Manish Vinayak, Kosala Gayan Weerakoon, Nuwan Darshana Wickramasinghe, Asrat Arja Wolde, Tewodros Eshete Wonde, Suowen Xu, Lin Yang, Yuichiro Yano, Arzu Yiğit, Dong Keon Yon, Chuanhua Yu, Chun-Wei Yuan, Michael Zastrozhin, Mohammed G M Zeariya, Claire Chenwen Zhong, Bin Zhu, Abzal Zhumagaliuly, Magdalena Zielińska, Sa'ed H Zyoud, Jessica A Kerr, Stein Emil Vollset, Emmanuela Gakidou
Journal: The Lancet (2024)

Over the past several decades, the overweight and obesity epidemic in the USA has resulted in a significant health and economic burden. Understanding current trends and future trajectories at both national and state levels is crucial for assessing the success of existing interventions and informing future health policy changes. We estimated the prevalence of overweight and obesity from 1990 to 2021 with forecasts to 2050 for children and adolescents (aged 5-24 years) and adults (aged ≥25 years) at the national level. Additionally, we derived state-specific estimates and projections for older adolescents (aged 15-24 years) and adults for all 50 states and Washington, DC.