tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Duration of surgical antibiotic prophylaxis and surgical site infection in orthopaedic surgery: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Zhenbang Yang, Yuchuan Wang, Zhongzheng Wang, Junyong Li, Pei Du, Hongyu Meng, Kuo Zhao, Junzhe Zhang, Ming Li, Zhucheng Jin, Ziheng Peng, Dandan Ye, Kai Ding, Hongzhi Lv, Juan Wang, Xin Xing, Zhaohui Song, Wei Chen, Yanbin Zhu, Yingze Zhang
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

The optimal duration for surgical antibiotic prophylaxis (SAP) for preventing surgical site infection (SSI) in orthopaedic surgeries remains poorly supported by high-level evidence. This study aimed to assess the association between SAP duration and the occurrence of SSI within one year postoperatively.
The role of adjuvant chemotherapy after radical surgery in patients with lymph node-positive bladder cancer or locally advanced (pT3, pT4a) bladder cancer: A meta-analysis and systematic review
Authors: CaiXia Chen, ChongJian Wang, HaoTian Huang, HongYuan Li, Zhi Wen, Yang Liu, Xue-Song Yang
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

This study aims to evaluate the impact of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) on survival outcomes in patients with lymph node-positive bladder cancer or locally advanced (pT3, pT4a) bladder cancer after surgery. We also seek to identify which patients with pN+ bladder cancer are most likely to benefit from AC after radical cystectomy (RC).
Exploration of extracorporeal shock wave therapy in adjunctive therapy for temporomandibular disorder
Authors: Kegui Hou, Hao Wang, Wenpeng Song
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

aBeijing Shunyi District Hospital bDepartment of Stomatology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article. Published online ■ ■ *Corresponding authors. Address: Department of Stomatology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China. E-mail: [email protected] (W. Song); Department of Stomatology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China. E-mail: [email protected] (H. Wang). This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work, even for commercial purposes, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Oral and gut microbiome alterations in oral chronic graft-versus-host disease: results from Close Assessment and Testing for Chronic GVHD (CATCH study)
Authors: Armin Rashidi, Joseph Pidala, Betty K. Hamilton, Steven Z. Pavletic, Katie Kim, Alex Zevin, Jacqueline W. Mays, Stephanie J. Lee
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2024)

Abstract Purpose: Whether and how the oral microbiome and its changes in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT) recipients may contribute to oral chronic GVHD (cGVHD) pathogenesis is unknown. In addition, although the oral and colonic microbiota are distinct in healthy adults, whether oral microbes may ectopically colonize the gut in alloHCT patients is unknown. Experimental Design: To address these knowledge gaps, longitudinal oral and fecal samples were collected prospectively in the multicenter Close Assessment and Testing for Chronic GVHD study (NCT04188912). Through shotgun metagenomic sequencing of the samples collected at baseline, oral cGVHD onset, first post-cGVHD onset visit, and 1-year post-HCT time points in patients with oral cGVHD (cases; N = 29) or without any cGVHD (controls; N = 51), we examined whether (i) oral and/or gut microbiomes and their longitudinal trajectories differ between cases and controls and (ii) oral and gut microbiomes overlap in alloHCT recipients, especially those developing cGVHD. Results: A total of 195 samples were analyzed. The onset of oral cGVHD was characterized by an expansion of Streptococcus salivarius and Veillonella parvula in the oral microbiome. High levels of oral/gut microbiota overlap were observed, particularly in patients with oral cGVHD, suggesting ectopic colonization of the gut by oral bacteria. Conclusions: The unusual coalescence of two distant niches in these patients may result in short- or long-term consequences for the host, a novel avenue for future research. In addition, this study suggests a contribution of the oral microbiome to oral cGVHD pathogenesis.
Novel Combinations of Immunotherapies or DNA Damage Repair Inhibitors in Platinum-Refractory Extensive-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer: The Phase II BALTIC Study
Authors: Niels Reinmuth, Oscar Juan-Vidal, Dariusz Kowalski, Maciej Bryl, Anna Kryzhanivska, David Vicente, Zsolt Horváth, Gabriella Gálffy, Eszter Csánky, Zsolt Pápai Székely, Ihor Vynnychenko, Jon Armstrong, Tapashi Dalvi, Mingchao Xie, Sonia Iyer, Yashaswi Shrestha, Haiyi Jiang, Igor Bondarenko
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2024)

Abstract Purpose: The phase II, multiarm, signal-searching BALTIC study (NCT02937818) assessed novel treatment combinations for platinum-refractory/resistant extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). Patients and Methods: Patients with ES-SCLC with progressive disease during or within 90 days of completing first-line platinum-based chemotherapy received one of three regimens: durvalumab plus tremelimumab followed by durvalumab monotherapy (arm A), adavosertib plus carboplatin (arm B), or ceralasertib plus olaparib (arm C). The primary endpoint was the objective response rate. Prespecified exploratory biomarker analyses were conducted in arms A and C. Results: In arm A (n = 41), arm B (n = 10), and arm C (n = 21), the confirmed objective response rates were 7.3%, 0%, and 4.8%, respectively. Safety profiles in all arms were consistent with those of the individual drugs. In arm A, patients with PD-L1 expression (tumor cells or immune cells) ≥1% seemed to have a greater likelihood of achieving disease control with durvalumab plus tremelimumab than those with PD-L1 (tumor cells and immune cells) &amp;lt;1%, and lower baseline ctDNA and reduction in the on-treatment ctDNA level were both associated with longer overall survival. Among patients treated with ceralasertib plus olaparib in arm C, specific immune response-relevant circulating chemokines and cytokines were identified as early biomarkers of survival and pharmacodynamic biomarkers. Conclusions: In BALTIC, all combination regimens demonstrated tolerable safety profiles, but antitumor activity was limited in refractory/resistant ES-SCLC. Among patients treated with durvalumab plus tremelimumab, an association of on-treatment reduction in ctDNA with longer overall survival suggests the potential use of ctDNA as a surrogate of treatment response, warranting further investigation.
Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonist Use Before Surgery—Reply
Authors: Paul P. Potnuru, Nadia Hernandez, Sudipta Sen
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2024)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonist Use Before Surgery
Authors: Philip M. Jones, Ion A. Hobai
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2024)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Sodium-Dependent Multivitamin Transporter Deficiency
Authors: Xingyuan Jiang, Huijun Wang, Zhimiao Lin
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2024)

This case report describes a 3-year-old girl who presented with progressive pruritic, palmoplantar plaques, and periorifical exudative erythema who experienced hair loss, recurrent episodes of pneumonia, and transient thrombocytopenia.
Endometriosis Typology and Ovarian Cancer Risk
Authors: Mollie E. Barnard, Leslie V. Farland, Bin Yan, Jing Wang, Britton Trabert, Jennifer A. Doherty, Huong D. Meeks, Myke Madsen, Emily Guinto, Lindsay J. Collin, Kathryn A. Maurer, Jessica M. Page, Amber C. Kiser, Michael W. Varner, Kristina Allen-Brady, Anna Z. Pollack, Kurt R. Peterson, C. Matthew Peterson, Karen C. Schliep
Journal: JAMA (2024)

Endometriosis has been associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer; however, the associations between endometriosis subtypes and ovarian cancer histotypes have not been well-described.
Lipoprotein(a) and Calcific Aortic Valve Stenosis Progression
Authors: Benoit J. Arsenault, Krithika Loganath, Arnaud Girard, Simona Botezatu, Kang H. Zheng, Evangelos Tzolos, Kathia Abdoun, Lionel Tastet, Romain Capoulade, Nancy Côté, Neil Craig, Kwan L. Chan, James W. Tam, Koon K. Teo, Christian Couture, Marie-Annick Clavel, Patrick Mathieu, Sébastien Thériault, Erik S. G. Stroes, David E. Newby, Sotirios Tsimikas, Philippe Pibarot, Marc R. Dweck
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2024)

There are currently no pharmacological treatments available to slow hemodynamic progression of aortic stenosis. Plasma lipoprotein(a) concentrations predict incident aortic stenosis but its association with hemodynamic progression is controversial.
Changing Neighborhood Income Deprivation Over Time, Moving in Childhood, and Adult Risk of Depression
Authors: Clive E. Sabel, Carsten Bøcker Pedersen, Sussie Antonsen, Roger T. Webb, Henriette Thisted Horsdal
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2024)

Importance Complex biological, socioeconomic, and psychological variables combine to cause mental illnesses, with mounting evidence that early-life experiences are associated with adulthood mental health. Objective To evaluate whether changing neighborhood income deprivation and residential moves during childhood are associated with the risk of receiving a diagnosis of depression in adulthood. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study included the whole population of 1 096 916 people born in Denmark from January 1, 1982, to December 31, 2003, who resided in the country during their first 15 years of life. Individuals were followed up from 15 years of age until either death, emigration, depression diagnosis, or December 31, 2018. Longitudinal data on residential location was obtained by linking all individuals to the Danish longitudinal population register. Statistical analysis was performed from June 2022 to January 2024. Exposures Exposures included a neighborhood income deprivation index at place of residence for each year from birth to 15 years of age and a mean income deprivation index for the entire childhood (aged ≤15 years). Residential moves were considered by defining “stayers” as individuals who lived in the same data zone during their entire childhood and “movers” as those who did not. Main Outcomes and Measures Multilevel survival analysis determined associations between neighborhood-level income deprivation and depression incidence rates after adjustment for individual factors. Results were reported as incidence rate ratios (IRRs) with 95% credible intervals (95% CrIs). The hypotheses were formulated before data collection. Results A total of 1 096 916 individuals (563 864 male participants [51.4%]) were followed up from 15 years of age. During follow-up, 35 098 individuals (23 728 female participants [67.6%]) received a diagnosis of depression. People living in deprived areas during childhood had an increased risk of depression (IRR, 1.10 [95% CrI, 1.08-1.12]). After full individual-level adjustment, the risk was attenuated (IRR, 1.02 [95% CrI, 1.01-1.04]), indicating an increase of 2% in depression incidence for each 1-SD increase in income deprivation. Moving during childhood, independent of neighborhood deprivation status, was associated with significantly higher rates of depression in adulthood compared with not moving (IRR, 1.61 [95% CrI, 1.52-1.70] for 2 or more moves after full adjustment). Conclusions and Relevance This study suggests that, rather than just high or changing neighborhood income deprivation trajectories in childhood being associated with adulthood depression, a settled home environment in childhood may have a protective association against depression. Policies that enable and support settled childhoods should be promoted.
Parent-Guided Developmental Intervention for Infants With Very Low Birth Weight
Authors: Rita C. Silveira, Nadia C. Valentini, T. Michael O’Shea, Eliane W. Mendes, Graciela Froes, Lenir Cauduro, Carolina Panceri, Rubia N. Fuentefria, Renato S. Procianoy
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

Importance Early interventions improve neurodevelopmental outcomes after preterm birth, but few studies of early intervention have focused on preterm infants whose families reside in low- or middle-income countries (LMICs). Objective To evaluate whether parent-guided early intervention improves the neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm infants in an LMIC. Design, Setting, and Participants This randomized clinical trial was performed at a high-risk obstetric referral hospital in Brazil, with outcome evaluations by examiners masked to randomization group. Eligibility criteria were (1) birth at the study hospital, (2) residence within 40 km of the birth hospital, and (3) gestational age of less than 32 weeks or birth weight of less than 1500 g. Of 138 enrolled infants, 19 died after randomization and 19 withdrew from the study; all other enrollees (50 per randomization group) were evaluated for the primary outcome. Data were collected from January 1, 2016, to May 31, 2022, and analyzed from June 10 to July 31, 2022. Interventions On postnatal day 7, infants were randomized to usual care, consisting of support for lactation, kangaroo care, and routine developmental therapies, or to a parent-guided enhanced developmental intervention, consisting of usual care plus infant massage and enhanced visual stimulation, auditory stimulation, social interactions, and support for motor development, instructed by developmental therapists. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development–Third Edition score at 18 months of age adjusted for prematurity. Results Among the 100 infants included in the analysis, mean (SD) gestational age was 28.4 (2.2) weeks, and 57 (57%) were male. The mean (SD) gestational age for the intervention group was 28.3 (2.3) weeks; for the usual care group, 28.5 (2.2) weeks. Female infants accounted for 21 infants (42%) of the intervention group and 22 (44%) of the usual care group; male infants, 29 (58%) and 28 (56%), respectively. The enhanced developmental intervention group had higher cognitive scores at 18 months of corrected age (mean [SD], 101.8 [11.9] vs 97.3 [13.5]; mean difference, 4.5 [95% CI, 0.1-8.9]). Conclusions and Relevance In this randomized clinical trial of a parent-guided developmental intervention for early cognitive function of very preterm or very low birth weight infants implemented in an LMIC, the intervention improved very preterm infants’ neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18 months of adjusted age. Parent-guided early intervention can improve neurodevelopmental outcome of very preterm infants born in LMICs. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02835612
Pregnancy and Parenthood Among US Surgical Residents
Authors: Ruojia Debbie Li, Lauren M. Janczewski, Joshua S. Eng, Darci C. Foote, Christine Wu, Julie K. Johnson, Sarah Rae Easter, Eugene Kim, Jo Buyske, Patricia L. Turner, Thomas J. Nasca, Karl Y. Bilimoria, Yue-Yung Hu, Erika L. Rangel
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2024)

The ability to pursue family planning goals is integral to gender equity in any field. Procedural specialties pose occupational risks to pregnancy. As the largest procedural specialty, general surgery provides an opportunity to understand family planning, workplace support for parenthood, obstetric outcomes, and the impact of these factors on workforce well-being, gender equity, and attrition.
Racial Disparities in Sports Cardiology
Authors: Sheela Krishnan, James Sawalla Guseh, Merije Chukumerije, Aubrey J. Grant, Peter N. Dean, Jeffrey J. Hsu, Mustafa Husaini, Dermot M. Phelan, Ankit B. Shah, Katie Stewart, Meagan M. Wasfy, Quinn Capers, Utibe R. Essien, Amber E. Johnson, Benjamin D. Levine, Jonathan H. Kim, Eugene Chung, Alfred Danielian, Beth Dineen
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2024)

Racial disparities in cardiovascular health, including sudden cardiac death (SCD), exist among both the general and athlete populations. Among competitive athletes, disparities in health outcomes potentially influenced by social determinants of health (SDOH) and structural racism remain inadequately understood. This narrative review centers on race in sports cardiology, addressing racial disparities in SCD risk, false-positive cardiac screening rates among athletes, and the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy, and encourages a reexamination of race-based practices in sports cardiology, such as the interpretation of screening 12-lead electrocardiogram findings.
Sexual Orientation and Lifetime Prevalence of Skin Cancer Across Racial and Ethnic Groups
Authors: Katelyn J. Rypka, Zachary D. Wendland, Maritza V. Steele, Mackenzie R. Wehner, Howa Yeung, Matthew D. Mansh
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2024)

Importance Sexual minority (SM) persons have been found to have differential rates of skin cancer, but limited data exist on differences across racial and ethnic groups and by individual sexual identities. Objective To examine differences by sexual orientation in the lifetime prevalence of skin cancer among US adult females and males across racial and ethnic groups and by individual sexual identity. Design, Setting, and Participants This cross-sectional study used data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2021, for US adults from the general population. Data were analyzed from December 1, 2023, to March 1, 2024. Main Outcomes and Measures Self-reported lifetime prevalence of skin cancer by sexual orientation. Age-adjusted prevalence and adjusted prevalence odds ratios (AORs) compared heterosexual and SM adults in analyses stratified by individual race. Results Of 1 512 400 participants studied, 805 161 (53.2%) were heterosexual females; 38 933 (2.6%), SM females; 638 651 (42.2%), heterosexual males; and 29 655 (2.0%), SM males. A total of 6.6% of participants were Hispanic; 3.4%, non-Hispanic Asian, Pacific Islander, or Hawaiian; 7.5%, non-Hispanic Black; 78.2%, non-Hispanic White; and 4.3%, other race and ethnicity. Mean (SE) age was 48.5 (0.03) years (incomplete data for age of respondents ≥80 years). The lifetime prevalence of skin cancer was overall higher among SM males compared with heterosexual males (7.4% vs 6.8%; AOR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.02-1.33), including specifically among Hispanic males (4.0% vs 1.6%; AOR, 3.81; 95% CI, 1.96-7.41) and non-Hispanic Black males (1.0% vs 0.5%; AOR, 2.18; 95% CI, 1.13-4.19) in analyses stratified by race and ethnicity. Lifetime prevalence rates were lower among SM females compared with heterosexual females among non-Hispanic White females (7.8% vs 8.5%; AOR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.76-0.97) and were higher among Hispanic (2.1% vs 1.8%; AOR, 2.46; 95% CI, 1.28-4.70) and non-Hispanic Black (1.8% vs 0.5%; AOR, 2.33; 95% CI, 1.01-5.54) females in analyses stratified by race and ethnicity. Conclusions and Relevance In this cross-sectional study of US adults, differences in the lifetime prevalence of skin cancer among SM adults compared with heterosexual adults differed across racial and ethnic groups and by individual sexual identity among both females and males. Both Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black and SM females and males had higher rates of skin cancer compared with their heterosexual counterparts. Further research addressing the individual factors contributing to these differences is needed to inform screening guidelines and public health interventions focused on these diverse, heterogeneous populations.
Cendakimab in Patients With Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Andrew Blauvelt, Emma Guttman-Yassky, Charles Lynde, Saakshi Khattri, Joel Schlessinger, Shinichi Imafuku, Yayoi Tada, Akimichi Morita, Marni Wiseman, Bartlomiej Kwiek, Martina Machkova, Peijin Zhang, Misti Linaberry, Jie Li, Sandra Zhang, Giovanni Franchin, Edgar D. Charles, Claudia H.M.C. De Oliveira, Jonathan I. Silverberg
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2024)

Cendakimab selectively targets interleukin (IL)-13, a type 2 cytokine implicated in atopic dermatitis (AD) pathogenesis, by inhibiting binding to its receptors (IL13R-α1 and IL13R-α2). Proof-of-concept work in AD supports using cendakimab for type 2 inflammatory diseases.
New Insights in Endometriosis Subtypes and Ovarian Cancer Risk
Authors: Michael T. McHale
Journal: JAMA (2024)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal