tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3391: A Constitutively Active Kinase Produced During Ischemia by Proteolytic Processing of PKC{alpha} is Cardiomyopathic
Authors: Abhinav Diwan, Scot J Matkovich, Kyuhwan Shim, Min Young Kang, Gerald W Dorn
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Myocardial ischemia causes calcium overload, activating protein kinase C (PKC) and calcium-dependent proteases (calpains). Roles for calpains in myocardial stunning, and PKC α  in contractile dysfunction, are known; a functional interaction in cardiac signaling has not been described. PKCs are “hinged” molecules in which N-terminal regulatory/RACK binding and C-terminal catalytic domains interact to prevent spontaneous PKC substrate phosphorylation. Calcium and phospholipid reduce these intra-molecular interactions, translocating PKCs to subcellular domains and permitting phosphorylation of local substrates.   In vitro studies:  Purified calpain 1 cleaved PKC α  at the hinge region, releasing two ~40 kDa fragments. Relieved of normal intra-molecular inhibition, the C-terminal catalytic domain can be a promiscuous, constitutively active kinase. Alanine mutagenesis within the hinge region abolished calpain-mediated PKC α  proteolysis.   In vivo studies:  Transgenic mouse hearts conditionally overexpressing calpain 1 in the heart exhibited proteolytic PKC α  cleavage after global ischemia, whereas hearts expressing calpastatin (endogenous calpain inhibitory protein) did not. Calpain 1 transgenic mice had increased mortality (13/19 dead) within 24 hours of experimental myocardial infarction, increased remodeling, and larger infarcts (28±4% vs 17±3% control, P=0.048). To determine if ischemic sensitivity was related to proteolytic processing of PKC α , full-length PKC α , the N-terminal (PKC α NT), or the C-terminal (PKC α CT) fragments were conditionally expressed in mouse hearts. Overexpressed full-length PKC α  caused an asymptomatic dilated cardiomyopathy (%FS 35±2 vs 63±2 control, P α  NT did not alter heart structure or function. PKC α CT for the same period, at a fraction of those levels, caused massive bi-ventricular dilation, severe systolic dysfunction (%FS=16±1 vs 70±1 in controls, p   Conclusion : This is an entirely new mechanism for post-ischemic cardiomyopathy, wherein myocardial calpain activation by calcium overload cleaves PKC α  and produces a damaging, constitutively active rogue kinase.
Principles of Forensic Medicine
Authors: William Augustus Guy, David Ferrier
Journal: BMJ (1843)

Those who were conversant with the first edition of this worlc?and* We understand that it has been Dr. Guy's practice for some time to illustrate his lectures on Forensic Medicine by microscopical preparations of strychnia, arsenic, &c.&c., collected, many of them by volatilization, in exceedingly minute hermetically-sealed tubes; and passed round to his class, accompanied by a hand-microscope, which he has liad constructed for the purpose.
People taking proton pump inhibitors may have increased risk of myocardial infarction, study shows
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2015)

People taking proton pump inhibitors have a 16% higher risk of myocardial infarction than people who don’t, a large US data mining study indicates.1

Researchers used a novel approach to mine clinical pharmacovigilance data that used multiple data sources to assess whether there was any association between use of proton pump inhibitors and cardiovascular risk in the general population. They queried more than 16 million clinical …
Hygiene: A College Textbook for Non-Medical Students.
Authors: Ross Chauncey Whitman
Journal: JAMA (1931)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
No additional toxicity from cladribine (CdA) when given with cytosin arabinoside and idarubicin (CCI) as primary treatment of acute myeloid leukemia in elderly patients : Results from a randomized phase II-study from the leukemia group of middle Sweden (LGMS).
Authors: Gunnar Juliusson, CR Lofgren, L Mollgard, C Paul, M Hoglund, U Tidefelt, M Bjorkholm
Journal: Blood (2001)
A Laboratory Manual of Elemental Qualitative Chemical Analysis for Students of Medicine, Dentistry, Pharmacy and Science.
Authors: A. R. Jr.< Bliss
Journal: JAMA (1918)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 1740: Lysophosphatidic Acid: a Two-Faced Key Actor in Atherogenesis
Authors: Martine Bot, Ilze Bot, Saskia C de Jager, Theo J Van Berkel, Erik A Biessen
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) mediates multiple cellular processes that are instrumental in atherogenesis, including SMC contraction, platelet aggregation, apoptosis and immunity. For instance, LPA p...
Efficacy of Handwashing with Soap and Nail Clipping on Intestinal Parasitic Infections in School-Aged Children: A Factorial Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Mahmud Abdulkader Mahmud, Mark Spigt, Afework Mulugeta Bezabih, Ignacio Lopez Pavon, Geert-Jan Dinant, Roman Blanco Velasco
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2015)

Background Intestinal parasitic infections are highly endemic among school-aged children in resource-limited settings. To lower their impact, preventive measures should be implemented that are sustainable with available resources. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of handwashing with soap and nail clipping on the prevention of intestinal parasite reinfections. Methods and Findings In this trial, 367 parasite-negative school-aged children (aged 6–15 y) were randomly assigned to receive both, one or the other, or neither of the interventions in a 2 × 2 factorial design. Assignment sequence was concealed. After 6 mo of follow-up, stool samples were examined using direct, concentration, and Kato-Katz methods. Hemoglobin levels were determined using a HemoCue spectrometer. The primary study outcomes were prevalence of intestinal parasite reinfection and infection intensity. The secondary outcome was anemia prevalence. Analysis was by intention to treat. Main effects were adjusted for sex, age, drinking water source, latrine use, pre-treatment parasites, handwashing with soap and nail clipping at baseline, and the other factor in the additive model. Fourteen percent (95% CI: 9% to 19%) of the children in the handwashing with soap intervention group were reinfected versus 29% (95% CI: 22% to 36%) in the groups with no handwashing with soap (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 0.32, 95% CI: 0.17 to 0.62). Similarly, 17% (95% CI: 12% to 22%) of the children in the nail clipping intervention group were reinfected versus 26% (95% CI: 20% to 32%) in the groups with no nail clipping (AOR 0.51, 95% CI: 0.27 to 0.95). Likewise, following the intervention, 13% (95% CI: 8% to 18%) of the children in the handwashing group were anemic versus 23% (95% CI: 17% to 29%) in the groups with no handwashing with soap (AOR 0.39, 95% CI: 0.20 to 0.78). The prevalence of anemia did not differ significantly between children in the nail clipping group and those in the groups with no nail clipping (AOR 0.53, 95% CI: 0.27 to 1.04). The intensive follow-up and monitoring during this study made it such that the assessment of the observed intervention benefits was under rather ideal circumstances, and hence the study could possibly overestimate the effects when compared to usual conditions. Conclusions Handwashing with soap at key times and weekly nail clipping significantly decreased intestinal parasite reinfection rates. Furthermore, the handwashing intervention significantly reduced anemia prevalence in children. The next essential step should be implementing pragmatic studies and developing more effective approaches to promote and implement handwashing with soap and nail clipping at larger scales.
A phase II multi-center trial of maintenance biotherapy (MBT) after induction concurrent biochemotherapy (BCT) for patients (Pts) with metastatic melanoma (MM)
Authors: S. O’Day, M. Atkins, J. Weber, J. Thompson, C. Anderson, R. Gonzalez, J. Lutzky, T. Amatruda, E. Hersh, P. Boasberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

7503 Background: BCT improves responses in MM but survival benefit remains disappointing. We developed a novel MBT regimen following induction BCT to improve survival. (CCR 8(9):2775, 2002) Methods: In this multi-center trial, MBT was given to non-progressing pts following induction BCT with decrescendo IL-2 (JCO 17(9):2752, 1999). The 12 mo. MBT (28 d cycle) regimen consisted of low dose IL-2 (2 MIU sq d1–5, 8–12, 15–19, 22–26) and GM-CSF (250 mcg sq d1–14) combined with pulses of high dose decrescendo IL-2 (18 MIU/m2 IV over first 6 hrs, 18 MIU/m2 IV over next 12 hrs and 18 MIU/m2 IV over final 24 hrs) mos 1–6, 8, 10, 12. OS and TTP were primary and secondary endpoints respectively. Results: 133 pts were evaluable. 12% of pts were M1a, 20% M1b, and 68% M1c. ECOG 0, 1 were 71% and 24%. 35% failed high dose adjuvant interferon. The median number of BCT cycles and MBT cycles were 4 and 5. Response to BCT was 8% CR, 36% PR, 29% SD and 27% PD. 4 pts had response to MBT (3 PR to CR, 1 SD to PR). 5 pts (3 PR and 2 SD) underwent complete resection of residual disease. The median TTP and OS were 9 (7.8–12.0) and 14 mos (11.5–15.4) respectively. The 12 and 24 mo. survivals were 57% and 23%. 20% of pts remain alive and 12% are NED with median follow-up 30 mos. 52 pts (39%) developed CNS progression. 21 of these (40%), CNS was the only site or first site of progression. The median CNS TTP and subsequent survival was 8 and 5 mos. Conclusions: MBT post induction BCT appears to prolong TTP and improve OS compared to multi-center trials of BCT or chemotherapy. CNS progression remains a formidable challenge. A new trial incorporating CNS consolidation into this BCT, MBT sequential regimen is ongoing. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Berlex, Chiron, Chiron Biopharma Cefus (Europe) Chiron, Chiron Biopharma, Schering, Schering Oncology Berlex, Chiron, Chiron Biopharma, John Wayne Cancer Center, John Wayne Cancer Institute, Schering Oncology Chiron
Further Observations in Cholecystography So-called Danger in the Use of Tetraiodophenolphthalein
Authors: Maurice Feldman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1927)

Article1 August 1927Further Observations in Cholecystography So-called Danger in the Use of TetraiodophenolphthaleinMAURICE FELDMAN, M.D.MAURICE FELDMAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-1-2-108 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptSince the advent of cholecystography numerous communications have appeared directing attention to the toxicity, as well as to the hepatic and renal lesions which have been attributed to the dye, (tetraiodophenolphthalein) utilized in visualizing the gall bladder. Graham and Cole, (1) as well as Ottenburg and Abramson, (2) were able to produce lesions in the liver and kidneys following injections of large amounts of the dye intravenously in animals. Rosenau (3) also points to the clinical and experimental work as indicating the possibility of liver damage following these injections, and cautions that these forms of dyes should be employed cautiously...References(1) GRAHAMCOLE : Jour. A. M. A. 82, 163 (Feb. 23) 1924. CrossrefGoogle Scholar(2) OTTENBURGABRAMSON : Jour. A. M. A. 84, 800 (Mch. 14) 1925. CrossrefGoogle Scholar(3) ROSENAU : Jour. A. M. A. 85, 2017 (Dec. 26) 1925. CrossrefGoogle Scholar(5) FRIEDENWALDFELDMANKEARNEY : Radiology, 9-Nol, 68, (July) 1927. CrossrefGoogle Scholar(5) FRIEDENWALDFELDMANKEARNEY : Jour. A. M. A. 89, 195, (July 16) 1927. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Associate in Gastro-Enterology University of Maryland Baltimore*From the Gastro-Enterological Clinic of the Department of Medicine, University of Maryland. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 August 1927Volume 1, Issue 2Page: 108-109KeywordsBladderGastroenterology and hepatologyKidneysLesionsLiverToxicity Issue Published: 1 August 1927 PDF downloadLoading ...
Hospitals Under Fire but the Lamp Still Burns
Authors: George C. Curnock
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 6278: Burden of Chronic Renal Insufficiency in the General Population and Added Predictive Power of GFR to BNP and NT-proBNP in Detection of Altered Ventricular Structure and Function
Authors: Alessandro Cataliotti, Richard J Rodeheffer, Douglas W Mahoney, Carolyn S Lam, Margaret M Redfield, Fernando L Martin, John C Burnett
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: Chronic renal insufficiency (CRI) is a strong predictor of increased mortality in the presence of heart failure (HF) and its prevalence has been increasing in the US. In addition, CRI is a major contributing factor to the progression of HF as it is associated with chronic volume overload, accelerated atherosclerosis and hypertension (HTN). The first aim of the current study was to evaluate the prevalence of CRI in an adult general population. The second aim was to address whether calculated glomerular filtration rate (cGFR) adds value to the cardiac biomarkers BNP and NT-proBNP in detecting early cardiac structural and functional impairments in the general population. Methods: From 1997 to 1999 medical history, physical examination, echocardiography, BNP (Biosite) and NT-proBNP (Roche) and serum creatinine (SCr) were obtained in 1,982 randomly selected residents of Olmsted County, MN &gt;= 45 years (range 45 – 96 years). GFR was calculated using the Cockroft Gault equation. CRI was defined as a GFR &lt; 60 ml/min. Cardiac structure and function were evaluated by in-depth echocardiographic examination. Results: The prevalence of cardiovascular co-morbidities was coronary atherosclerosis 12%, HTN 29.5% and diabetes mellitus 7.5%. The prevalence of CRI was 22.8% when cGFR was used for its detection. Importantly, by Chi-Square model, cGFR significantly increased the ability of BNP in detecting left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) (p=0.004), increased relative wall thickness (p=0.0036), diastolic dysfunction (DDF) (p=0.0001) and HTN (p=0.0002). Similarly, when combined with NT-proBNP, cGFR increased the predictive power of detecting DDF (p=0.0001) and HTN (p=0.0366). Conclusion: This study reports a higher than predicted prevalence of CRI in this general US population equal to 23% and closely associated with the prevalence of HTN (29.5%). Importantly, this study also demonstrates that cGFR has additive predictive power when used in combination with two cardiac biomarkers of cardiac dysfunction and remodeling, BNP and NT-proBNP. These studies underscore the increasing burden of CRI in the general population and the utility of assessing cardiorenal function by combining renal and cardiac biomarkers in assessment of cardiac structure and function.
Fortnightly Review: Diagnosis and management of pituitary tumours
Authors: A Levy, S L Lightman
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Pituitary tumours are mostly benign epithelial neoplasms that result from mutation and subsequent clonal expansion of single adenohypophyseal parenchymal cells.1 They account for 10-15% of intracranial neoplasms, and three quarters of them secrete inappropriate amounts of pituitary hormones. Although residual cells in parasellar structures may account for local recurrences that follow seemingly complete surgical clearances, metastatic spread and direct macroscopic invasion of surrounding structures is fortunately rare.2 Most patients with pituitary adenomas present with symptoms and signs of hormone hypersecretion, visual field defects, headaches, and hypopituitarism either alone or in combination (see box 1). Preoperative diabetes insipidus is extremely rare in primary pituitary disease and suggests involvement of the hypothalamus or pituitary infarction. Any visual disturbance can occur - from changes in the lateral fields that a patient typically finds hard to describe and which may go unrecognised for years to scotomas and complete blindness in one or both eyes. Many patients complain of vague peripheral shadows confined to the upper quadrants. Headaches are usually non-specific - annoying more than disabling and frequently helped by analgesia. In some patients they are relieved almost immediately by somatostatin or somatostatin analogues, only to recur as the peptide is cleared from the circulation. If panhypopituitarism is suspected (see box 2 for typical features) glucocorticoids should be replaced before thyroid hormones. #### Box 1 - Typical presenting feature pituitary adenomas #### Box 2 - Typical features of hypopituitarism Hypogonadism ##### Women ##### Men ##### Hypoprolactinaemia ##### Hypothyroidism ##### Growth hormone deficiency
Abstract 16540: Blockade of the Renin-Angiotensin System is More Effective in Reducing Blood Pressure Hypertensive Patients With Left Ventricular Hypertrophy: Results From the 3A Registry
Authors: Ralf Dechend, Roland Schmieder, Marina Lehmann, Wolfgang Derer, Edelgard A Kaiser, Andre Krueger, Eveline Deeg, Jochen Senges, Uwe Zeymer
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is common in hypertensive (HTN) patients, and it increases the risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, and death has been numbered in hypertensive patie...
Reduced exposure might increase allergic sensitisation
Authors: G. Lack, J. Golding
Journal: BMJ (1996)

conclusion is the author's "impression that the increased incidence of peanut or nut allergy is real" and the statement that "there has been a considerable increase in the rate of referrals for food allergy."Even more disturbingly, Hugh A Sampson cites this study in his editorial in support of his conclusion that "the prevalence of peanut and nut allergy is increasing."2While the incidence of nut allergy may indeed be rising, we believe that authors have a respon- sibility not to overstate their case, particularly on issues that are likely to be of interest to the media.Ewan should provide us with the evidence that led her to conclude that nut allergy is becoming common so that we can decide on this important issue, for ourselves and for our patients.
The Netherlands Red Cross Feedingteam Report on Nutritional Survey in the Netherlands East Indies Conducted During October 1945 till June 1946
Authors: Nederlandse Rode Kruis
Journal: JAMA (1949)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hemophilia. A Manual of Outpatient Management.
Authors: David Green
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

This is an effective small monograph dealing with hemophilia. The title is misleading, however, since, although outpatient management is discussed, most of the text deals with hemophilia in general, discussing such points as recognition of bleeding disorders, types of therapeutic materials available, complications of the disease, and conservative orthopedic management.