tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SOME EXPERIMENTAL OBSERVATIONS PERTINENT TO THE TREATMENT OF HEPATIC DISEASE
Authors: Jesse L. Bollman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1938)

Article1 July 1938SOME EXPERIMENTAL OBSERVATIONS PERTINENT TO THE TREATMENT OF HEPATIC DISEASEJESSE L. BOLLMAN, M.D.JESSE L. BOLLMAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-12-1-1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptOur fundamental knowledge of the functions of the liver is based on physiologic studies of that organ. We have learned from observation of animals after complete removal of the liver that this organ is essential for the maintenance of the sugar of the blood. Jaundice develops in hepatectomized animals, but the liver is necessary to convert bilirubin which reacts indirectly to the van den Bergh test to direct reacting bilirubin.Many other metabolic processes have been shown to be entirely dependent on the liver.1Such functions are but rarely found to be materially impaired in the presence of hepatic disease...References1. BOLLMANMANN JLFC: The physiology of the impaired liver, Ergebn. d. Physiol., 1936, xxxviii, 445-492. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. MANNFISHBACKGAYGREEN FCFCJGGF: Experimental pathology of the liver: studies III, IV, and V, Arch. Path., 1931, xii, 787-793. Google Scholar3. BOLLMANMANN JLFC: Alterations in hepatic function produced by experimental hepatic lesions, ANN. INT. MED., 1935, ix, 617-624. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Rochester, Minnesota*Read before the twenty-second Annual Session of the American College of Physicians, New York, New York, April 5, 1938. Nextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited bySUBACUTE AND CHRONIC HEPATITISA creed for the treatment of diabetesACUTE NECROSIS OF THE LIVER TREATED WITH PROTEIN HYDROLYSATES 1 July 1938Volume 12, Issue 1Page: 1-5KeywordsBilirubinBloodLiverLiver diseasesMetabolic disordersMetabolic processes ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 July 1938 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright, 1938, by The American College of PhysiciansPDF downloadLoading ...
Dexmedetomidine vs Midazolam for Sedation of Critically III Patients : A Randomized Trial. Commentary
Authors: Yahya Shehabi, Paula M. Bokesch, Daniel Ceraso, Wayne Wisemandle, Firas Koura, Patrick Whitten, Benjamin D. Margolis, Daniel W. Byrne, E. Wesley Ely, Marcelo G. Rocha, Hannah Wunsch, John P. Kress, Richard R. Riker
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Context γ-Aminobutyric acid receptor agonist medications are the most commonly used sedatives for intensive care unit (ICU) patients, yet preliminary evidence indicates that the α 2  agonist dexmedetomidine may have distinct advantages. Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of prolonged sedation with dexmedetomidine vs midazolam for mechanically ventilated patients. Design, Setting, and Patients Prospective, double-blind, randomized trial conducted in 68 centers in 5 countries between March 2005 and August 2007 among 375 medical/surgical ICU patients with expected mechanical ventilation for more than 24 hours. Sedation level and delirium were assessed using the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS) and the Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU. Interventions Dexmedetomidine (0.2-1.4 μg/kg per hour [n=244]) or midazolam (0.02-0.1 mg/kg per hour [n=122]) titrated to achieve light sedation (RASS scores between -2 and +1) from enrollment until extubation or 30 days. Main Outcome Measures Percentage of time within target RASS range. Secondary end points included prevalence and duration of delirium, use of fentanyl and open-label midazolam, and nursing assessments. Additional outcomes included duration of mechanical ventilation, ICU length of stay, and adverse events. Results There was no difference in percentage of time within the target RASS range (77.3% for dexmedetomidine group vs 75.1% for midazolam group; difference, 2.2% [95% confidence interval {Cl}, -3.2% to 7.5%]; P=.18). The prevalence of delirium during treatment was 54% (n=132/244) in dexmedetomidine-treated patients vs 76.6% (n =93/122) in midazolam-treated patients (difference, 22.6% [95% Cl, 14% to 33%]; P<.001). Median time to extubation was 1.9 days shorter in dexmedetomidine-treated patients (3.7 days [95% Cl, 3.1 to 4.0] vs 5.6 days [95% Cl, 4.6 to 5.9]; P=.01), and ICU length of stay was similar (5.9 days [95% Cl, 5.7 to 7.0] vs 7.6 days [95% Cl, 6.7 to 8.6]; P=.24). Dexmedetomidine-treated patients were more likely to develop bradycardia (42.2% [103/244] vs 18.9% [23/122]; P<.001), with a nonsignificant increase in the proportion requiring treatment (4.9% [12/244] vs 0.8% [1/122]; P=.07), but had a lower likelihood of tachycardia (25.4% [62/244] vs 44.3% [54/122]; P<.001) or hypertension requiring treatment (18.9% [46/244] vs 29.5% [36/122]; P=.02). Conclusions There was no difference between dexmedetomidine and midazolam in time at targeted sedation level in mechanically ventilated ICU patients. At comparable sedation levels, dexmedetomidine-treated patients spent less time on the ventilator, experienced less delirium, and developed less tachycardia and hypertension. The most notable adverse effect of dexmedetomidine was bradycardia.
Abstract 634: Sympathetic Stimulation And Vagal Inhibition Have Opposite Effects On The Frequency Spectrum Of AF
Authors: Jiun Tuan, Suman Kundu, Mohamed Jeilan, Faizel Osman, Rajkumar Mantravadi, Peter Stafford, G. Andre Ng
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Introduction & Hypothesis Animal models of atrial fibrillation (AF) suggest that the autonomic nervous system (ANS) is involved in the pathophysiology of AF. We hypothesize that sympathetic stimula...
RECOVERY FROM CORONARY THROMBOSIS; REPORT OF EIGHT CASES, WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO THE RECOGNITION OF THE LESS SEVERE AND ATYPICAL TYPES
Authors: Carter Smith, H. Cliff Sauls
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1935)

Article1 September 1935RECOVERY FROM CORONARY THROMBOSIS; REPORT OF EIGHT CASES, WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO THE RECOGNITION OF THE LESS SEVERE AND ATYPICAL TYPESCARTER SMITH, M.D., H. CLIFF SAULS, M.D., F.A.C.P.CARTER SMITH, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, H. CLIFF SAULS, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-9-3-317 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptLevine1in a study of 145 patients with coronary thrombosis found an immediate mortality of 53 per cent. Willius and Barnes2are also of the opinion that approximately 50 per cent die in the immediate attack. Conner and Holt3in studying a series of 287 patients with coronary occlusion found an immediate mortality of 16.2 per cent with a subsequent death rate of 55 per cent when averaged over a period of 3 months to 17 years. These statistical values are derived almost entirely from those patients who presented the classical clinical picture of coronary thrombosis and undoubtedly include principally...Bibliography1. LEVINE SA: Coronary thrombosis; its various clinical features, Medicine, 1929, viii, 245-418. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. WILLIUSBARNES FAAR: Recovery after cardiac infarction, Med. Clin. N. Am., 1931, xv, 69-77. Google Scholar3. CONNERHOLT LAE: Subsequent course and prognosis in coronary thrombosis; analysis of 287 cases, Am. Heart Jr., 1930, v, 705-719. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. LIBMAN E: Studies in pain, Trans. Assoc. Am. Phys., 1929, xliv, 52-63. Google Scholar5. SCOTTFEILKATZ RWHSLN: Electrocardiogram in pericardial effusion, Am. Heart Jr., 1929, v, 68-76. CrossrefGoogle Scholar6. KATZWALLACE LNAW: Rôle of cardiac ischemia in producing R-T deviations in electrocardiogram, Am. Jr. Med. Sci., 1931, clxxxi, 836-843. CrossrefGoogle Scholar7. HOLLANDLEVINE CWSA: Limitations of electrocardiogram as aid in diagnosis of coronary occlusion, New England Trans. Med., 1932, ccvi, 545-551. CrossrefGoogle Scholar8. PROGERAYMAN SHD: Harmful effects of nitroglycerine, with special reference to coronary thrombosis, Am. Jr. Med. Sci., 1932, clxxxiv, 480-491. CrossrefGoogle Scholar9. LEVINE SA: Treatment of acute coronary thrombosis, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1932, xcix, 1737-1740. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Atlanta, Georgia*Received for publication November 26, 1934. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byÜber die Entstehung des HerzinfarktsDie Klinik der Coronarerkrankungen 1 September 1935Volume 9, Issue 3Page: 317-333KeywordsDeath ratesMortalityThrombosis ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1935 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 9889: A Potent Flavonoid Luteolin Protects Against the Angiotensin II-Induced Cardiac Remodeling
Authors: Atsuko Nakayama, Hiroyuki Morita, Ryozo Nagai
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: Luteolin is a food-derived flavonoid and its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antifibrotic functions are reported. However, the effects of luteolin on the cardiac remodeling remain to be clarified. Methods: Five-week-old male rats were divided into 3 subgroups; 1) Ang II+Luteolin- rats which fed with normal diet for 3 weeks and then infused with angiotensin II (Ang II; 0.7 mg/kg/min) for 1 week with an osmotic mini-pump, 2) Ang II+Luteolin+ rats which fed with 0.035% luteolin-mixed diet for 3 weeks and then infused with Ang II for 1 week with an osmotic mini-pump, 3) Control rats which fed with normal diet for 3 weeks and then received the sham operation. The effect of oral luteolin administration on the cardiac remodeling was evaluated by echocardiography, histopathology and Real-time PCR technique. In vitro, cultured human cardiac fibroblasts (HCFs) were pretreated with luteolin or PBS before the stimulation with Ang II. The influence of luteolin pretreatment on the expression levels of related genes and the phosphorylation of c-JUN NH2-terminal protein kinase (JNK1) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) were evaluated. Results: Systolic blood pressure was higher in both Ang II+Luteolin- rats and Ang II+Luteolin+ rats, compared with control rats. Echocardiography revealed accelerated cardiac concentric remodeling in Ang II+Luteolin- rats, but not in Ang II+Luteolin+ rats. Left ventricular weight was lower in Ang II+Luteolin+ rats than that in Ang II+Luteolin- rats (p=0.031). Histopathologic studies showed less prominent interstitial fibrosis in the ventricles of Ang II+Luteolin+ rats than in those of Ang II+Luteolin- rats. Cardiac gene expression levels of atrial natriuretic peptides and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) were significantly suppressed in Ang II+Luteolin+ rats, compared with Ang II+Luteolin- rats. In cultured HCFs, luteolin pretreatment significantly inhibited the Ang II-induced upregulation of phosphorylated JNK1 and phosphorylated ERK1/2. Conclusion: Oral administration of luteolin has a protective role against Ang II-induced cardiac remodeling through suppression of the Ang II-TGF-β1 signaling pathway, which can be related to suppression of JNK1 and ERK1/2 pathways.
Abstract 17245: The Heritability of Ideal Cardiovascular Health: The Framingham Heart Study
Authors: Norrina B Allen, Shih-Jen Hwang, L. Adrienne Cupples, Daniel Levy, Caroline Fox, Christopher O'Donnell, Donald Lloyd-Jones
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Recent AHA Strategic Impact Goals for 2020 emphasized the importance of increasing the proportion of the population with ideal cardiovascular (CV) health. However, the potential genetic...
Abstract 663: Loss of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-gamma in Endothelial Cells Causes Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Transgenic Mice
Authors: Christophe Guignabert, Tero-Pekka Alastalo, Lingli Wang, Marlene Rabinovitch
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Introduction: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) is a nuclear receptor expressed in endothelial cells (EC) and known to regulate enzymes important in vascular dilatation and angiogenesis such as endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Expression of PPAR-gamma is reduced in the pulmonary arteries (PA) of patients with severe PA hypertension (PAH). Objective: We therefore investigated whether loss of PPAR-gamma in EC might cause PAH under normoxic conditions or might worsen the severity of PAH induced by chronic hypoxia. Materials and Methods: We generated transgenic mice with targeted deletion of PPAR-gamma in ECs by breeding a mouse expressing Cre under the regulation of the Tie2 promoter with a mouse in which critical exons of PPAR-gamma were flanked by LoxP sites. We compared right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), RV hypertrophy (RV/LV+S), in Tie2CrePPAR-gamma flox/flox and wild type littermate controls (WT) in normoxia and following 3 weeks of chronic hypoxia (CH) (10 mice per group, 5 per gender) and also assessed muscularization of distal pulmonary vessels and number of peripheral arteries in CH. Results: Tie2CrePPAR-gamma flox/flox vs. WT mice had mildly elevated RVSP (24.6 vs 21.56mmHg) and RVH during normoxia (P &lt;0.01 for both) with similar systemic blood pressures. However the RVSP following CH was similar in Tie2CrePPAR-gamma flox/flox and WT mice (28.1mmHg vs 28.5mmHg) as was RVH and muscularizaton of distal vessels, and number of arteries relative to alveoli. Conclusions: Thus loss of PPAR-gamma in ECs appears to result in mild pulmonary vasoconstricton, and while not exacerbated during chronic hypoxia, this feature may have an impact on recovery during return to normoxia, if EC production of eNOS and HO-1 are necessary for regression of vascular disease.
Mod-5014, a Novel Long-Acting FVIIa Proposing An Improved Prophylactic and On Demand Treatment For Hemophilic Patients Following SC and IV Administration – Comprehensive In -Vitro and In -Vivo evaluation In Preparation For Clinical Studies
Authors: Gili Hart, Oren Hershkovitz, Ahuva Bar Iilan, Miri Zakar, Lior Binder, Eyal Fima
Journal: Blood (2013)
Highly effective peginterferon α-2a plus ribavirin combination therapy for chronic hepatitis C in hemophilia in Korea
Authors: Suh Yoon Yang, Hyun Woong Lee, Youn Jae Lee, Sung Jae Park, Ki Young Yoo, Hyung Joon Kim
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2015)

See the commentary-article "Hepatitis C virus infection in patients with hemophilia in Korea: Is antiviral therapy effective and safe?" on page 122.
Abstract 3541: Resistance Exercise Training Improves Heart Rate Recovery In Young Men
Authors: Kevin S Heffernan, Sae Young Jae, Christopher A Fahs, Bo Fernhall
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Introduction. Heart rate recovery (HRR) after exercise, an index of cardiac parasympathetic function, is associated with increased risk for arrhythmia and other cardiovascular morbidities and mortality. Although aerobic/endurance exercise training has been shown effective in improving HRR, little is known regarding the effects of resistance training (RT) on HRR. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that RT would improve HRR. Methods. Twenty-nine healthy young men (age 23.5 ± 0.7 yrs, body mass index 25.6 ± 0.9) completed a cross-over design consisting of a 4-week time control period followed by a 6-week RT intervention (3 days per week, total body regimen). HRR was calculated from a graded maximal exercise test as maximal heart rate attained during the test minus heart rate at 1-minute post exercise. Body fat was measured using air displacement plethysmograpy. Strength was assessed using a 1 repetition maximum (1RM) bench press. All measurements were made at baseline (Pre1), following the time control (Pre2) and following RT (Post). Results. A time effect was detected for HRR as there was no change in HRR over the time control portion of the study but a significant increase in HRR from pre training to post training (Table 1 , p&lt;0.05). A time effect was also detected for 1RM as there was no change over the time control portion of the study but a significant increase following RT (77.4 ± 4.0 kg to 78.2 ± 3.9 kg to 84.5 ± 3.9 kg, p &lt;0.05). There was no change in VO 2max , blood lipids, glucose, body fat, or white blood cell (WBC) count over the course of the study (Table 1 , p&gt;0.05). Conclusions. These findings suggest that RT has a favorable effect on parasympathetic modulation without changing cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, WBC count or metabolic profile in young healthy men. Table 1. HRR and select variables before and after RT
Antibodies to HIV in Saliva
Authors: Robert L. Shoeman, R. Pottathil, C. Metroka
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

A small scale study in which recombinant protein-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were used to detect antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in matched serum and saliva samples from 14 patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).  Conventional ELISAs were previously reported to have low rates of detection (50-57%) for antibody to HIV in saliva from seropositive patients.  Results indicated that the substitution of saliva for serum resulted in the detection of antibodies to HIV in 86% of seropositive patients with AIDS (12 of 14).  the substitution of the protein-based enzyme conjugate for the conventional enzyme conjugate allowed the detection of antibodies to HIV in 93% of seropositive patients (13 of 14).  A short discussion of the optical density in the saliva-based test is also included.  These data suggest that a large scale study of this sort is warranted.  The potential advantages of saliva over serum for preliminary screening for antibodies to HIV include ease of collection reduction of needle-stick injuries safety in sample handling and reduced patient anxiety during collection.
Abstract 16785: Exercise Oscillatory Ventilation is Associated with Abnormal Exercise Hemodynamics in Systolic Heart Failure
Authors: Ryan M Murphy, Ravi V Shah, Paul P Pappagianopoulos, Stacyann S Hough, David M Systrom, Marc J Semigran, Gregory D Lewis
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Exercise oscillatory ventilation (EOV) is a non-invasive parameter that potently predicts outcomes in systolic heart failure (HF). However, previous studies have not directly measured p...
Terrorism Preparedness in State Health Departments—United States, 2001-2003
Authors: G. Shipp, James S. Dickson, P. Quinlisk, C. Lohff, N. Franklin
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Follow this and additional works at: http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/meatscience_pubs Part of the Animal Diseases Commons, Bacterial Infections and Mycoses Commons, Defense and Security Studies Commons, Emergency and Disaster Management Commons, Environmental Public Health Commons, Food Biotechnology Commons, Health Economics Commons, Meat Science Commons, Political Science Commons, and the Toxicology Commons
Abstract 12718: Late Gadolinium Enhancement in Pulmonary Hypertension Predicts Clinical Events
Authors: Siva Soma, Srinivas Murali, Raymond Benza, June A Yamrozik, Ronald B Williams, Mark Doyle, Diane Vido, Robert W Biederman, Vikas K Rathi
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Introduction:  Right ventricular (RV) function predicts prognosis in pulmonary hypertension (PH) patients (pts) and Right Ventricular failure (RV). Prior studies evaluating of 3D RV ejection fraction (EF) have yielded inconsistent prognostic information. Here we explore the prognostic value of contrast induced CMR in PH patients with RV dysfunction.   Hypothesis:  We hypothesize that myocardial Late Gadolinium Enhancement (LGE) which a marker for myocardial fibrosis when present in RV or RV insertion points (RVIP) is a predictor of poor prognosis in PH pts.   Methods:  A retrospective chart review of PH pts (n=21) who underwent clinically indicated CMR were analyzed. Demographic data showed mean age 61 yrs; 28% male; 43 % WHO group I, 29% group II, 14% group IV,14% group V. RV volumetric data were indexed to BSA, and along with RVIP LGE information were correlated with major clinical events (MCE) such as hospitalization, death and referral/need for lung transplantation.   Results:  LGE was positive (+) in 14 pts (66%) and (-) in the remaining 7 pts (33%). Compared to LGE (-) pts, the LGE (+) pts had higher RVEDVI, RVESVI and lower RVEF (p   Conclusions.  Late Gadolinium Enhancement may be the pathophysiologic hallmark in patients with PH patients as a direct reflection of the underlying RV failure due to progressive myocardial fibrosis. Late gadolinium enhancement in combination with RVEF provides important prognostic information that accurately predicts important adverse CV outcomes such as lung transplantation and death. Prospective studies are needed to confirm this observation.
Abstract 4337: Early Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT) is a Predictor of 30-day and One-year Mortality in ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) Patients Treated With Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) and Unfractionated Heparin (UFH)
Authors: Wouter J Kikkert, Bimmer E Claessen, Annemarie E Engstrom, M. Meuwissen, M. Vis, J Baan, R J de Winter, K T Koch, J J Piek, J P Henriques
Journal: Circulation (2009)
Abstract 8452: Accuracy of 3D Echocardiography on Imaging Ventricular Septal Defect Size: An in vitro Validation Study
Authors: Rebecca Luoh, Darya Gratcheva, Aarti Jayaraman, Muhammad Ashraf, David J Sahn
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is one of the most common congenital heart diseases, but the accuracy of defining VSD orifices has not been validated for 3D echo. Methods: We studied 4 fresh porcine hearts due to their anatomical similarity with human hearts. Each heart was connected to a calibrated pulsatile pump with different stroke volumes (SV, 30-80ml) on the left ventricular (LV) side and constant 40ml on the right ventricular (RV) side through a balloon VSD model, secured in LV and RV, that contained a tube of various size to define the VSD orifice (0.700cm, 1.00cm, 1.25cm, 1.59cm in diameter). Each heart was mounted in a water bath to facilitate ultrasound scanning and driven passively by 2 pumps at a constant rate of 50bpm. 3D images were gathered on GE Vivid 9, BT10 &amp; BT09 and analyzed by EchoPac PC. Results: 3D echo detected the VSD orifice, and the size can be measured accurately by the program. The measured orifice sizes increase as SVs increase except SV40. The measured value at SV60 is the closest to the actual orifice size, while the measured value is the smallest at SV40. Conclusions: 3D echo can accurately measure the VSD orifice size, and the variation of VSD orifice with SV can be explained by mechanism of expanding and contracting of the myocardium surrounding the simulated VSD orifice by difference in stroke volumes of the two chambers.