tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 265: Analyzing Resuscitation Quality by Reviewing Automatic External Defibrillator Data Using Empirical Mode Decomposition Based Algorithm
Authors: Eric Chun-Yi Chang, Patrick Chow-In Ko, Men-Tzung Lo, Lian-Yu Lin, Wen-Chu Chiang, Chen Lin, Wan-Hsin Hsieh, Yi-Chung Chang, Wei-Ting Chen, Matthew Huei-Ming Ma
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: High quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) improves survival of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs). Our team has developed an empirical mode decomposition (EMD) based algorithm to identify chest compression fluctuations from ECG signals retrieved from automatic external defibrillators (AEDs) in OHCAs presenting with asystole. In this study, we further applied this method on pulseless electric activities (PEAs). Methods: ECGs of AED from 30 randomly selected OHCAs in Taipei EMS presented with PEA were retrieved. Initial 5 minutes of each ECG strips were divided into 5 one-min segments. EMD decomposed the ECG segments into several intrinsic mode fluctuations (IMFs). The dominant IMFs attributed to chest compressions are identified before fed back to the original corrupted signals as a reference to pursuit optimal compression signal by least linear square method. Each compression can be identified by checking local periodicity of the optimized compression signal. CPR quality indicators, including compression number, no flow time and compression rate, were calculated min-by-min by the algorithm, and compared with those derived from manual reviews of ECG and audio by experienced physicians. Result: Thirty OHCAs were enrolled and 106 segments, excluding 44 segments with transport movement artifacts, underwent both algorithm and manual review. The results derived from two methods were highly correlated (compression number, r=0.86; no flow time, r=0.81) with good agreements shown in Bland-Altman plot. (Fig.) Conclusion: The EMD algorithm is capable of extracting CPR signals during PEA and enables potential monitoring for CPR quality.
Abstract 15127: Association of cardiac structure and function with advanced magnetic resonance cerebral measures: The CARDIA Study
Authors: Anderson C. Armstrong, Majon Muller, Bharath Ambale Ventakesh, Michael Halstead, Satoru Kishi, Nick Bryan, Stephen Sidney, Luís C. L. Correia, Samuel S. Gidding, Lenore J. Launer, João A.C. Lima
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Anderson C. Armstrong, 2013 Finalist and Presenting Author
Abstract 18429: Transmembrane protein 88: a Wnt regulatory protein that specifies cardiomyocyte development
Authors: Nathan J. Palpant, Lil Pabon, Jeremy S. Rabinowitz, Brandon Hadland, Cristi Stoick-Cooper, Sharon L. Paige, Irwin Bernstein, Randall T. Moon, Charles E. Murry
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Nathan J. Palpant, 2013 Finalist and Presenting Author
Sutureless vascular anastomotic approaches and their potential impacts
Authors: Joseph G. Ribaudo, Kevin He, Sarah Madira, Emma R. Young, Cameron Martin, Tingying Lu, Justin M. Sacks, Xiaowei Li
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2024)

Sutureless anastomotic devices present several advantages over traditional suture anastomosis, including expanded global access to microvascular surgery, shorter operation and ischemic times, and reduced costs. However, their adaptation for arterial use remains a challenge. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of sutureless anastomotic approaches that are either FDA-approved or under investigation. These approaches include extraluminal couplers, intraluminal devices, and methods assisted by lasers or vacuums, with a particular emphasis on tissue adhesives. We analyze these devices for artery compatibility, material composition, potential for intimal damage, risks of thrombosis and restenosis, and complications arising from their deployment and maintenance. Additionally, we discuss the challenges faced in the development and clinical application of sutureless anastomotic techniques. Ideally, a sutureless anastomotic device or technique should eliminate the need for vessel eversion, mitigate thrombosis through either biodegradation or the release of antithrombotic drugs, and be easily deployable for broad use. The transformative potential of sutureless anastomotic approaches in microvascular surgery highlights the necessity for ongoing innovation to expand their applications and maximize their benefits.
Hydrogel forming microneedles loaded with VEGF and Ritlecitinib/polyhydroxyalkanoates nanoparticles for mini-invasive androgenetic alopecia treatment
Authors: Yan-Wen Ding, Yang Li, Zhi-Wei Zhang, Jin-Wei Dao, Dai-Xu Wei
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2024)

Androgenetic alopecia (AGA), the most prevalent clinical hair loss, lacks safe and effective treatments due to downregulated angiogenic genes and insufficient vascularization in the perifollicular microenvironment of the bald scalp in AGA patients. In this study, a hyaluronic acid (HA) based hydrogel-formed microneedle (MN) was designed, referred to as V-R-MNs, which was simultaneously loaded with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the novel hair loss drug Ritlecitinib, the latter is encapsulated in slowly biodegradable polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) nanoparticles (R-PHA NPs) for minimally invasive AGA treatment. The integration of HA based hydrogel alongside PHA nanoparticles significantly bolstered the mechanical characteristics of microneedles and enhanced skin penetration efficiency. Due to the biosafety, mechanical strength, and controlled degradation properties of HA hydrogel formed microneedles, V-R-MNs can effectively penetrate the skin's stratum corneum, facilitating the direct delivery of VEGF and Ritlecitinib in a minimally invasive, painless and long-term sustained release manner. V-R-MNs not only promoted angiogenesis and improve the immune microenvironment around the hair follicle to promote the proliferation and development of hair follicle cells, but also the application of MNs to the skin to produce certain mechanical stimulation could also promote angiogenesis. In comparison to the clinical drug minoxidil for AGA treatment, the hair regeneration effect of V-R-MN in AGA model mice is characterized by a rapid onset of the anagen phase, improved hair quality, and greater coverage. This introduces a new, clinically safer, and more efficient strategy for AGA treatment, and serving as a reference for the treatment of other related diseases.
Biosynthesis of fungus-based oral selenium microcarriers for radioprotection and immuno-homeostasis shaping against radiation-induced heart disease
Authors: Chang Liu, Weiyi Wang, Haoqiang Lai, Yikang Chen, Lvyi Li, Haiwei Li, Meixiao Zhan, Tianfeng Chen, Wenqiang Cao, Xiaoling Li
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2024)

Radiation-induced heart disease (RIHD), characterized by severe oxidative stress and immune dysregulation, is a serious condition affecting cancer patients undergoing thoracic radiation. Unfortunately, clinical interventions for RIHD are lacking. Selenium (Se) is a trace element with excellent antioxidant and immune-modulatory properties. However, its application in heart radioprotection remains challenging. Herein, we developed a novel bioactive Cordyceps militaris-based Se oral delivery system (Se@CM), which demonstrated superior radioprotection effects in vitro against X-ray-induced damage in H9C2 cells through suppressing excessive ROS generation, compared to the radioprotectant Amifostine. Moreover, Se@CM exhibited exceptional cardioprotective effects in vivo against X-ray irradiation, reducing cardiac dysfunction and myocardial fibrosis by balancing the redox equilibrium and modulating the expression of Mn-SOD and MDA. Additionally, Se@CM maintained immuno-homeostasis, as evidenced by the upregulated population of T cells and M2 macrophages through modulation of selenoprotein expression after irradiation. Together, these results highlight the remarkable antioxidant and immunity modulation properties of Se@CM and shed light on its promising application for cardiac protection against IR-induced disease. This research provides valuable insights into developing effective strategies for preventing and managing RIHD.
Association between parental psychiatric disorders and risk of offspring autism spectrum disorder: a Swedish and Finnish population-based cohort study
Authors: Weiyao Yin, Anna Pulakka, Abraham Reichenberg, Alexander Kolevzon, Jonas F. Ludvigsson, Kari Risnes, Marius Lahti-Pulkkinen, Martina Persson, Michael E. Silverman, Ulrika Åden, Eero Kajantie, Sven Sandin
Journal: The Lancet Regional Health - Europe (2024)

Roughly more than one in six adults worldwide suffer from psychiatric conditions. Sporadic studies have associated parental psychiatric disorders with autism spectrum disorder in offspring. Comprehensively examining the association between parental psychiatric disorders and offspring autism spectrum disorder is needed to guide health policies, and to inform etiologic studies.
2006 Helen B. Taussig Memorial Lecture—Plato, Epistemology, and Cardiology, or, Should Doctors Think Like Lawyers?
Authors: David Driscoll
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Mistakes occur because doctors make diagnoses and therapeutic decisions on the basis of what they think is correct knowledge but is, in fact, incorrect knowledge. Attainment of knowledge relies on sense experience, and sense experience can be misleading. Medical tests are interfaces between patients and doctors, and sense experiences are distorted by these interfaces. Knowledge can be attained by “reasoning.” Deductive reasoning, utilizing a properly constructed syllogism, is the only way one attains knowledge with 100% certainty. Knowledge attained by all other methods is only correct with a probability &lt;100%. In addition to reasoning, one can gain knowledge on the basis of appeals to authority (eg, expert witness), experience, intuition, revelation, and faith. The level of certainty of knowledge that one can achieve is related to the method used to achieve that knowledge; deductive reasoning is more reliable, for example, than intuition, revelation, or faith. Doctors and lawyers must determine what is true or correct about matters that are uncertain or contingent. Doctors, like lawyers, deal with evidence (medical history and test results). To avoid errors, doctors must treat evidence with the same level of skepticism that lawyers do. Doctors must be aware of what constitutes quality of evidence. If they are not, medical errors will result. In summary, doctors must understand the basic principles of epistemology. Doctors never deal with 100% certain knowledge and hence must rely upon “wisdom,” which is the ability to make the right decision in the absence of certain knowledge.
Abstract 16688: Human Cardiosphere-Derived Cells Stimulate Cardiomyocyte Proliferation <i>in vivo</i> and in Co-Culture
Authors: Yucai Xie, Ke Cheng, Hee Cheol Cho, Konstantinos Malliaras, Ahmed Ibrahim, Baiming Sun, Giselle Galang, Vittoria Ionta, Deliang Shen, Yiqiang Zhang, Eduardo Marbán
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs) are effective in regeneration after myocardial infarction (MI); however, direct differentiation of transplanted cells only accounts for a minuscule fraction of the benefit. Methods and Results: SCID mice underwent LAD ligation and were injected with 10 5 human CDCs or vehicle. Two weeks later, hearts were explanted for myocyte isolation by Langendorff perfusion, or for tissue analysis. Immunohistochemistry revealed decreased numbers of apoptotic cells in the MI border zone of CDC-treated animals vs. controls (14.2 ± 2.9% vs. 32.8 ± 5.2% TUNEL+ cells; n=3; P&lt;0.01). Myocytes isolated from CDC-treated hearts demonstrated increased numbers of cycling cardiomyocytes (1.3 ± 0.1% vs. 0.6 ± 0.4% α-sarcomericactinin/Ki67 double positive cells; n=3; P&lt;0.05). To probe the mechanism of the increase in cycling (Ki67+) myocytes, we co-cultured human CDCs or dermal fibroblasts (DFs) with neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs). After 3 days, Ki67+ NRCMs were increased in the CDC co-cultures (22.8 ± 0.8% vs. 9.5 ± 4.7% in DF cocultures; n=3; P=0.004). Cycling NRCMs were smaller than non-cycling NRCMs (cross-sectional area 2.3 ± 1.3E+09 vs. 3.4 ± 1.5E+09 nm 2 ; n=11; P&lt;0.05), and the number of beating NRCM clusters was higher in CDC co-cultures (56.5 ± 15.7% vs. 28.0 ± 13.0%; n=3; P&lt;0.05). To investigate paracrine effects, we cultured CDCs (or DFs) and NRCMs in a transwell contact-free system. After 3 days of contact-free co-culture, there were more Ki67+ NRCMs in the CDC group (15.6 ± 2.6% vs. 11.5 ± 1.5% in DF controls; n=3; P&lt;0.05), while cycling NRCMs were again smaller (P&lt;0.01) than non-cycling NRCMs. However, the percentage of cycling NRCMs was less than that in mixed co-cultures (15.6 ± 2.6% vs. 22.8 ± 0.8%; n=3; P&lt;0.01). Conclusions: CDCs decrease apoptosis and increase the number of cycling myocytes after MI in vivo . CDCs stimulate cardiomyocyte proliferation in vitro ; the enhancement of proliferation is greater in mixed co-culture than with conditioned media. Although soluble paracrine factors are involved, contact-dependent cell-cell interactions may also play an important role.
Protease-Activated Receptors in Hemostasis, Thrombosis and Beyond
Authors: Shaun Coughlin
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Protease-activated receptors (PARs) provide a mechanism by which thrombin and related proteases can regulate the behavior of platelets and other cells. Overall, the coagulation cascade and PARs together provide an elegant system that links mechanical information in the form of disruption of vascular integrity to appropriate cellular responses involved in hemostasis, inflammation, repair, and even pain perception. This talk will focus on lessons from animal models regarding the roles of PARs in hemostasis and thrombosis and how these lessons might and might not relate to the pathophysiology of myocardial infarction in humans and ongoing trials of PAR1 antagonists for secondary prevention of the same. Recent work that reveals unexpected roles for PARs outside the context of response to injury –– specifically in vascular and neural development in vertebrate embryos –– will be also be briefly summarized.
Abstract 18265: Determining the Adequacy of Pediatric CPR: CPP Associated With ROSC
Authors: Mahsun Yuerek, Mubbasheer Ahmed, Adnan T Bhutta, Parthak Prodhan, Robert Sutton, Steve M Schexnayder
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Introduction: Human adult studies have shown that the coronary perfusion pressure (CPP) correlates positively with return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) during CPR. Paradis et al have shown that a CPP of at least 15 mmHg during CPR was associated with ROSC in adult patients. We reviewed in-hospital CPR of pediatric patients between July 2010 and June 2012 at Arkansas Children’s hospital (ACH), who were admitted to the PICU or CVICU at the time of the cardiac arrest and had monitoring lines allowing determination of CPP. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that CPP increases during CPR and the necessary CPP for ROSC in pediatric patients is lower than reported for adults. Methods: Patients with cardiac arrests were identified through ACH CPR registry. CPP was calculated by subtracting the end-diastolic central venous pressure (CVP) from the end-diastolic arterial blood pressure (BP), representing the CPP prior to the next chest compression as defined by the Utstein criteria. We identified 43 patients that had invasive arterial BP and CVP monitoring at the time of the cardiac arrest. Complete monitoring data was available for 10 patients. The mean CPP was calculated in 15 seconds epochs. Results: The mean age for our 10 patients was 320 days (range 12 days - 5.53 years). 8 of the 10 patients had a diagnosis of congenital heart disease and 7 of these 8 patients were admitted to the CVICU for postoperative care. 6 patients were male and 4 were female. Mean weight was 5.8 kg. The mean duration of CPR was 194 seconds. All patients had ROSC; however one patient died within 24 hours of the cardiac arrest, two patients died more than 24 hours after the cardiac arrest. 7 of the 10 patients survived to hospital discharge. Mean CPP was significantly higher for the last 15 second epoch before ROSC compared to the initial 15 second epoch of CPR (22.96 mmHg (SD +/- 9.96 mmHg vs. 5.4 mmHg (SD: +/- 8.2 mmHg), P&lt;0.001). The mean CPP for the minute of CPR prior to ROSC was 15.95 mmHg (standard deviation (SD): +/- 4.8 mmHg). Conclusion: CPP increased during CPR and was significantly higher just prior to ROSC. Mean values in the minute prior to ROSC were similar to that reported in adults. To our knowledge, this is the first descriptive study of CPP during CPR in pediatric patients.
Abstract 9797: Right Ventricular Function Can Predict Transplant-Free Survival in Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Michael Dandel, Dagmar Kemper, Hans B Lehmkuhl, Christoph Knosalla, Roland Hetzer
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background Timely identification of patients with the need for transplantation (Tx) due to severe pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and finding predictors of Tx-free outcome are becoming increasing challenges with prolongation in Tx waiting times. Right ventricular (RV) failure is the main cause of death in PAH. We assessed the predictive value of RV function for Tx-free survival in severe PAH to improve the Tx listing procedures. Methods All consecutive potential Tx candidates with PAH (except those with congenital systemic to pulmonary shunts) who were clinically stable at their first evaluation performed in 2006─2010 were selected for the study. At selection, after NT-ProBNP measurement and exercise testing, patients underwent echocardiography including 2D strain imaging. All examinations were repeated at each further follow-up. Collected data were tested for ability to predict Tx-free survival. Results Of 64 evaluated patients, 19 showed irreversible RV failure and finally 13 patients died; the other 6 underwent Tx. Comparing data obtained from these 19 patients at time of inclusion in the study with those obtained initially from the 45 patients remaining stable, we found no differences in RV size and RVEF, pulmonary arterial pressure, right atrial size and tricuspid annulus plane systolic excursion (TAPSE). However, patients with subsequent worsening had initially higher NT-proBNP values and lower RV ΔP/Δt ratios (p &lt; 0.05). In unstable patients, RV longitudinal strain analysis also revealed higher systolic dyssynchrony, lower systolic afterload-corrected strain rate (Sr) and higher diastolic early/late strain rate (SrE/SrA) ratio (p&lt;0.05). At certain cut-off values, ΔP/Δt and SrE/SrA ratios showed the highest predictive values (93.3% and 91.1%, respectively) for ≥ 1 year hemodynamic stability. Persistent RV ΔP/Δt reduction of &gt; 20% showed the highest predictive values for short-term (&lt; 1year) irreversible RV failure and patient Tx-free survival (90% and 93.3%, respectively). Conclusion In PAH patients referred for Tx, RV ΔP/Δt and certain longitudinal Sr parameters are predictive for the short-term course of RV function and patient Tx-free survival. Our results suggest that these parameters can be useful for Tx listing decisions.
DiffGR: Detecting Differentially Interacting Genomic Regions from Hi-C Contact Maps
Authors: Huiling Liu, Wenxiu Ma
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2024)

Recent advances in high-throughput chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) techniques have allowed us to map genome-wide chromatin interactions and uncover higher-order chromatin structures, thereby shedding light on the principles of genome architecture and functions. However, statistical methods for detecting changes in large-scale chromatin organization such as topologically associating domains (TADs) are still lacking. Here, we proposed a new statistical method, DiffGR, for detecting differentially interacting genomic regions at the TAD level between Hi-C contact maps. We utilized the stratum-adjusted correlation coefficient to measure similarity of local TAD regions. We then developed a nonparametric approach to identify statistically significant changes of genomic interacting regions. Through simulation studies, we demonstrated that DiffGR can robustly and effectively discover differential genomic regions under various conditions. Furthermore, we successfully revealed cell type-specific changes in genomic interacting regions in both human and mouse Hi-C datasets, and illustrated that DiffGR yielded consistent and advantageous results compared with state-of-the-art differential TAD detection methods. The DiffGR R package is published under the GNU General Public License (GPL) ≥ 2 license and is publicly available at https://github.com/wmalab/DiffGR.
Phase I trial of dose escalation for preoperative stereotactic radiosurgery for patients with large brain metastases
Authors: Erin S Murphy, Kailin Yang, John H Suh, Jennifer S Yu, Glen Stevens, Lilyana Angelov, Michael A Vogelbaum, Gene H Barnett, Manmeet S Ahluwalia, Gennady Neyman, Alireza M Mohammadi, Samuel T Chao
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2024)

Abstract Background Single-session stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) or surgical resection alone for brain metastases larger than 2 cm results in unsatisfactory local control. We conducted a phase I trial for brain metastases(&amp;gt;2 cm) to determine the safety of preoperative SRS at escalating doses. Methods Radiosurgery dose was escalated at 3 Gy increments for 3 cohorts based on maximum tumor dimension starting at: 18 Gy for &amp;gt;2–3 cm, 15 Gy for &amp;gt;3–4 cm, and 12 Gy for &amp;gt;4–6 cm. Dose-limiting toxicity was defined as grade III or greater acute toxicity. Results A total of 35 patients/36 lesions were enrolled. For tumor size &amp;gt;2–3 cm, patients were enrolled up to the second dose level (21 Gy); for &amp;gt;3–4 cm and &amp;gt;4–6 cm cohorts the third dose level (21 and 18 Gy, respectively) was reached. There were 2 DLTs in the &amp;gt;3–4 cm arm at 21 Gy. The maximum tolerated dose of SRS for &amp;gt;2–3 cm was not reached; and was 18 Gy for both &amp;gt;3–4 cm arm and &amp;gt;4–6 cm arm. With a median follow-up of 64.0 months, the 6- and 12-month local control rates were 85.9% and 76.6%, respectively. One patient developed grade 3 radiation necrosis at 5 months. The 2-year rate of leptomeningeal disease (LMD) was 0%. Conclusions Preoperative SRS with dose escalation followed by surgical resection for brain metastases greater than 2 cm in size demonstrates acceptable acute toxicity. The phase II portion of the trial will be conducted at the maximum tolerated SRS doses.
Combined percutaneous–endoscopic puncture rendezvous technique for biliary–enteric anastomotic occlusion after pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Yi Wen, Lin Yang, Xiao Li, Xiao Ma, Yong Pang
Journal: Endoscopy (2024)

Biliary–enteric anastomosis strictures after pancreaticoduodenectomy are infrequent, and their complete occlusion is rare [1]. Herein, we present a patient with left bile duct occlusion at the biliary–enteric anastomosis after pancreaticoduodenectomy who was successfully treated using a combined percutaneous–endoscopic puncture rendezvous technique.