tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic value of endoscopic ultrasound in pelvic masses with bowel involvement
Authors: Yumo She, Siyu Sun, Nan Ge
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

Background: The diagnostic ability of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) for intestinal infiltration by pelvic masses has aroused considerable interest in many oncological settings. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of EUS in predicting colorectal invasion in patients with pelvic masses and compare its accuracy with that of other imaging methods, namely pelvic MRI and abdominal computed tomography (CT), in predicting intestinal involvement in patients with histologically confirmed colorectal invasion. Methods: A hundred and eighty-four female patients with histologically confirmed benign or malignant pelvic masses were enrolled in a retrospective-prospective study. All patients underwent EUS, pelvic MRI, and one or more of abdominal CT, transvaginal sonography, and colonoscopy examinations before surgery. The surgical and pathological results were used as the gold standard to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of EUS for colorectal invasion of pelvic masses. Results: This study included 184 patients who underwent surgery, with the time between EUS and surgery ranging from 1 to 309 (mean, 13.2) days. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of EUS for benign and malignant pelvic masses infiltrating the intestine were 83.3, 97.8, 99.1, and 66.2%, respectively. The overall diagnostic accuracy was 87.0%. Conclusions: EUS is a simple, noninvasive, reliable, and accurate technique for the preoperative diagnosis of pelvic masses infiltrating the intestine. The authors recommend the use of this technology by gynecologists, as well as its incorporation into the preoperative diagnostic process to determine the most suitable surgical method. This would help in avoiding unexpected situations and unnecessary resource wastage during surgery.
Standardize the surgical technique and clarify the oncologic significance of robotic D3-D4 lymphadenectomy for upper rectum and sigmoid colon cancer with clinically more than N2 lymph node metastasis
Authors: Tzu-Chun Chen, Yu-Tso Liao, John Huang, Ji-Shiang Hung, Jin-Tung Liang
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

Background: The territory of D3-D4 lymphadenectomy for upper rectal and sigmoid colon cancer varies, and its oncological efficacy is unclear. This prospective study aimed to standardize the surgical technique of robotic D3-D4 lymphadenectomy and clarify its oncologic significance. Methods: Patients with upper rectal or sigmoid colon cancer with clinically suspected more than N2 lymph node metastasis were prospectively recruited to undergo standardized robotic D3-D4 lymphadenectomy. Immediately postsurgery, the retrieved lymph nodes were mapped to five N3-N4 nodal stations: the inferior mesenteric artery, para-aorta, inferior vena cava, infra-renal vein, and common iliac vessels. Patients were stratified according to their nodal metastasis status to compare their clinicopathological data and overall survival. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the relative prognostic significance of the five specific nodal stations. Surgical outcomes and functional recovery of the patients were assessed using the appropriate variables. Results: A total of 104 patients who successfully completed the treatment protocol were assessed. The standardized D3-D4 lymph node dissection harvested sufficient lymph nodes (34.4±7.2) for a precise pathologic staging. Based on histopathological analysis, 28 patients were included in the N3-N4 nodal metastasis-negative group and 33, 34, and nine patients in the single-station, double-station, and triple-station nodal metastasis-positive groups, respectively. Survival analysis indicated no significant difference between the single-station nodal metastasis-positive and N3-N4 nodal metastasis-negative groups in the estimated 5-year survival rate [53.6% (95% CI: 0.3353–0.7000) vs. 71.18% (95% CI: 0.4863–0.8518), P =0.563], whereas patients with double-station or triple-station nodal metastatic disease had poor 5-year survival rates (24.76 and 22.22%), which were comparable to those of AJCC/UICC stage IV disease than those with single-station metastasis-positive disease. Univariate analysis showed that the metastatic status of the five nodal stations was comparable in predicting the overall survival; in contrast, multivariate analysis indicated that common iliac vessels and infra-renal vein were the only two statistically significant predictors ( P &lt;0.05) for overall survival. Conclusions: Using a robotic approach, D3-D4 lymph node dissection could be safely performed in a standardized manner to remove the relevant N3-N4 lymphatic basin en bloc, thereby providing significant survival benefits and precise pathological staging for patients. This study encourages further international prospective clinical trials to provide more solid evidence that would facilitate the optimization of surgery and revision of the current treatment guidelines for such a clinical conundrum.
Corrigendum to “Risk of cancer in young and older patients with congenital heart disease and the excess risk of cancer by syndromes, organ transplantation and cardiac surgery: Swedish health registry study (1930–2017)” [The Lancet Regional Health–Europe 18 (2022) 100407]
Authors: Christina Karazisi, Mikael Dellborg, Karin Mellgren, Kok Wai Giang, Kristofer Skoglund, Peter Eriksson, Zacharias Mandalenakis
Journal: The Lancet Regional Health - Europe (2024)

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100407.].
Reporting and representation of underserved groups in intervention studies for patients with multiple long-term conditions: a systematic review
Authors: Zara Kayani, Andrew Willis, Shukrat O Salisu-Olatunji, Shavez Jeffers, Kamlesh Khunti, Ash Routen
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2024)

Objectives Globally, there is a growing number of people who are living with multiple long-term conditions (MLTCs). Due to complex management needs, it is imperative that research consists of participants who may benefit most from interventions. It is well documented that ethnic minority groups and lower socioeconomic status (SES) groups are at an increased risk of developing MLTCs. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to determine the level of reporting and representation of underserved groups (ethnic minority and low SES) in intervention studies addressing MLTCs. Design Systematic review. Four databases including Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, CINAHL and Scopus were searched for intervention studies from North America or Europe published between January 1990 and July 2023. Setting Hospital and community-based interventions. We included interventional studies focusing on improving MLTC-related outcomes. Participants Patients with MLTCs. Main outcome measures Total number of studies reporting on ethnicity and SES. Number and proportion of studies reporting by ethnic/SES group. Results Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Only 4 of 13 studies (31%) recorded and reported ethnicity information. Of these four studies that reported on ethnicity, three studies consisted of primarily White participants. Ethnic minority groups were underrepresented, but one study included a majority of African American participants. Moreover, 12 of 13 studies (92%) reported on SES with income and educational level being the primary measures used. SES representation of higher deprivation groups was varied due to limited data. Conclusions For ethnicity, there was a lack of reporting, and ethnic minority groups were underrepresented in intervention studies. For SES, there was a high level of reporting but the proportion of study samples from across the spectrum of SES varied due to the variety of SES measures used. Findings highlight a need to improve the reporting and representation of ethnic minority groups and provide more detailed information for SES through using consistent measures (e.g. education, income and employment) to accurately determine the distribution of SES groups in intervention studies of people with MLTCs.
Adolescents and young adults (AYA) with cancer: the clinical course of COVID-19 infections
Authors: Julie A Wolfson, Elizabeth S Davis, Aniket Saha, Isaac Martinez, David McCall, Prachi Kothari, Julienne Brackett, David S Dickens, Alissa R Kahn, Carla Schwalm, Archana Sharma, Joshua Richman, Branko Cuglievan, Smita Bhatia, Chen Dai, Jennifer M Levine, Emily E Johnston
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2024)

Adolescents and young adults (ie, individuals aged 15-39 years, known as AYAs) with cancer face unique vulnerabilities yet remain underrepresented in clinical trials, including adult registries of COVID-19 in cancer (AYAs: 8%-12%). We used the Pediatric Oncology COVID-19 Case Report to examine the clinical course of COVID-19 among AYAs with cancer. The Pediatric Oncology COVID-19 Case Report collects deidentified clinical and sociodemographic data regarding individuals aged from birth to 39 years with cancer (37%) and COVID-19 from more than 100 institutions. Between April 1, 2020, and November 28, 2023, 191 older AYAs (individuals 22-39 years of age) and 640 younger AYAs (individuals 15-21 years of age) were captured. Older AYAs were less often hospitalized (P < .001), admitted to the intensive care unit (P = .02), and required respiratory support (P = .057). In multivariable analyses, older AYAs faced 80% lower odds of intensive care unit admission but 2.3-times greater odds of changes to cancer-directed therapy. Unvaccinated patients had 5.4-times higher odds of intensive care unit admission. Among AYAs with cancer, the COVID-19 course varies by age. These findings can inform oncology teams directing COVID-19 management and prevention in AYA patients with cancer.
Optic pathway gliomas: Long-term outcomes and challenges
Authors: Roger J Packer
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2024)

Journal Article Accepted manuscript Very long-term outcomes of pediatric patients treated for optic pathway gliomas: A longitudinal cohort study Get access Roger J Packer, MD Roger J Packer, MD From the Brain Tumor Institute, Gilbert Family Neurofibromatosis Institute, Children's National Hospital, 111 Michigan Ave NW, Washington, DC Corresponding Author: Roger J. Packer, MD, Email: rpacker@cnmc.org Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Neuro-Oncology, noae079, https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noae079 Published: 17 April 2024 Article history Received: 28 March 2024 Published: 17 April 2024
Comparison of Bayesian Coalescent Skyline Plot Models for Inferring Demographic Histories
Authors: Ronja J Billenstein, Sebastian Höhna
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2024)

Abstract Bayesian coalescent skyline plot models are widely used to infer demographic histories. The first (non-Bayesian) coalescent skyline plot model assumed a known genealogy as data, while subsequent models and implementations jointly inferred the genealogy and demographic history from sequence data, including heterochronous samples. Overall, there exist multiple different Bayesian coalescent skyline plot models which mainly differ in two key aspects: (i) how changes in population size are modeled through independent or autocorrelated prior distributions, and (ii) how many change-points in the demographic history are used, where they occur and if the number is pre-specified or inferred. The specific impact of each of these choices on the inferred demographic history is not known because of two reasons: first, not all models are implemented in the same software, and second, each model implementation makes specific choices that the biologist cannot influence. To facilitate a detailed evaluation of Bayesian coalescent skyline plot models, we implemented all currently described models in a flexible design into the software RevBayes. Furthermore, we evaluated models and choices on an empirical dataset of horses supplemented by a small simulation study. We find that estimated demographic histories can be grouped broadly into two groups depending on how change-points in the demographic history are specified (either independent of or at coalescent events). Our simulations suggest that models using change-points at coalescent events produce spurious variation near the present, while most models using independent change-points tend to over-smooth the inferred demographic history.
Left atrial to ventricular volume ratio and relation to fitness, cardiovascular risk factors, and diastolic function in healthy individuals: the HUNT Study
Authors: Sigbjorn Sabo, Havard Dalen, John Nyberg, Bjørnar Leangen Grenne, Even Olav Jakobsen, Bjarne Martens Nes, Ulrik Wisløff, Jon Magne Letnes
Journal:  (2024)

Left atrial (LA) and ventricular (LV) remodelling is thought to be balanced in healthy individuals, and the LA end-systolic volume (LAV) to LV end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) ratio (LA:LV) could help discriminate between pathological and physiological LA enlargement. We aimed to assess LA:LV and its associations with age, sex, and cardiovascular risk factors HbA1C, body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure, and peak oxygen uptake (VO
Metabolic Control During Macrophage Polarization by a Citrate‐Functionalized Scaffold for Maintaining Bone Homeostasis
Authors: Xiaopei Wu, Yuhao Xia, Honglian Dai, Chuhang Hong, Yanan Zhao, Wenying Wei, Dian Zheng
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Metabolites, as markers of phenotype at the molecular level, can regulate the function of DNA, RNA, and proteins through chemical modifications or interactions with large molecules. Citrate is an important metabolite that affects macrophage polarization and osteoporotic bone function. Therefore, a better understanding of the precise effect of citrate on macrophage polarization may provide an effective alternative strategy to reverse osteoporotic bone metabolism. In this study, a citrate functional scaffold to control the metabolic pathway during macrophage polarization based on the metabolic differences between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory phenotypes for maintaining bone homeostasis, is fabricated. Mechanistically, only outside M1 macrophages are accumulated high concentrations of citrate, in contrast, M2 macrophages consume massive citrate. Therefore, citrate-functionalized scaffolds exert more sensitive inhibitory effects on metabolic enzyme activity during M1 macrophage polarization than M2 macrophage polarization. Citrate can block glycolysis-related enzymes by occupying the binding-site and ensure sufficient metabolic flux in the TCA cycle, so as to turn the metabolism of macrophages to oxidative phosphorylation of M2 macrophage, largely maintaining bone homeostasis. These studies indicate that exogenous citrate can realize metabolic control of macrophage polarization for maintaining bone homeostasis in osteoporosis.
Towards prolonging ovarian reproductive life: Insights into trace elements homeostasis
Authors: Weicheng Tang, Xiaoran Zhu, Ying Chen, Shuhong Yang, Chuqing Wu, Dan Chen, Liru Xue, Yican Guo, Yun Dai, Simin Wei, Mingfu Wu, Meng Wu, Shixuan Wang
Journal: Ageing Research Reviews (2024)
Molecularly Imprinted Macroporous Hydrogel Promotes Bone Regeneration via Osteogenic Induction and Osteoclastic Inhibition
Authors: Jingxiao Chen, Yihan Jing, Yanhong Liu, Yongxi Luo, Yutong He, Xiaozhong Qiu, Qingbin Zhang, Huiyong Xu
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Macroporous hydrogels offer physical supportive spaces and bio-instructive environment for the seeded cells, where cell-scaffold interactions directly influence cell fates and subsequently affect tissue regeneration post-implantation. Effectively modifying bioactive motifs at the inner pore surface provides appropriate niches for cell-scaffold interactions. A molecular imprinting method and sacrificial templates are introduced to prepare inner pore surface modification in the macroporous hydrogels. In detail, acrylated bisphosphonates (Ac-BPs) chelating to templates (CaCO
Case 12-2024: A 58-Year-Old Woman with Confusion, Aphasia, and Abnormal Head Imaging
Authors: Jenny J Linnoila, Otto Rapalino, Melissa A Walker, Maria Martinez-Lage
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2024)

A 58-year-old woman was transferred to the hospital after 16 months of waxing and waning confusion and aphasia and evolving changes on MRI of the head. A diagnosis was made.
Outbreak of Listeriosis Associated with Consumption of Vegan Cheese
Authors: Alexandre Leclercq, Mathieu Tourdjman, Wesley Mattheus, Ingrid Friesema, Nina M van Sorge, Sven Halbedel, Hendrik Wilking, Marc Lecuit
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2024)

Plant-based cheeses are marketed as safe alternatives to raw-milk cheese for populations at high risk for foodborne infection. Listeriosis cases in Europe, including in pregnancy, were linked to consumption of vegan cheese.
High-Specific-Activity 131I-MIBG for the Treatment of Advanced Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma
Authors: Ruaa Al-Ward, Vania Balderrama Brondani, Sahar Sawani, Cheryl L. Potter, Guofan Xu, Steven G. Waguespack, Jeena Varghese, Mouhammed Amir Habra, Yang Lu, Camilo Jimenez
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

The primary endpoints were objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR). Secondary endpoints were duration of response, blood pressure control, safety, overall and progression-free survival rates, MIBG uptake, and correlations with genetic background.
Planning Angiography for 90Y-Radioembolization Demonstrates a Variety of Unusual Extrahepatic Perfusion Patterns
Authors: Andrea Benson, Sonya J. Koo, Zachary Berman
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

In preparation for 90 Y radioembolization for hepatic malignancies, hepatic angiography is performed with intra-arterial delivery of 99m Tc-macroaggregated albumin (MAA), known as premapping. This initial procedure allows for evaluation of standard/variant hepatic arterial anatomy using MAA as a surrogate marker for the delivery of 90 Y to visualize the likely distribution of 90 Y. Premapping allows for the assessment of at-risk extrahepatic targets and for the quantification of hepatopulmonary shunting. We present cases where MAA scintigraphic images reveal unusual perfusion patterns in hepatic cancers, treated with 90 Y glass microspheres (Therasphere; Boston Scientific, Marlborough, MA).
Pain Scores as Secondary Outcomes—Opioid Reduction Studies
Authors: Beth B. Hogans
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2024)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Radiographic Outcomes in Pediatric Bronchiectasis and Factors Associated with Reversibility
Authors: Dustin R. Mills, Ian B. Masters, Stephanie T. Yerkovich, Jane McEniery, Nitin Kapur, Anne B. Chang, Julie M. Marchant, Vikas Goyal
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2024)

Conventionally considered irreversible, bronchiectasis has been demonstrated to be reversible in children in small studies. However, the factors associated with radiographic reversibility of bronchiectasis have yet to be defined.
Gaps in Access to Medically Necessary Dental Care for Patients Living With and Beyond Cancer: We Must Do Better
Authors: Douglas E. Peterson, Nicole L. Stout, Lawrence N. Shulman, Jennifer Perkins, Gabrielle LeMarier, Larissa Nekhlyudov
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2024)

Delivery of high-quality, evidence-based oral care for those living with and beyond cancer needed!
Disruption of KLHL6 Fuels Oncogenic Antigen Receptor Signaling in B-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Leo Meriranta, Selma Sorri, Kanutte Huse, Xiaonan Liu, Ivana Spasevska, Sadia Zafar, Iftekhar Chowdhury, Olli Dufva, Eerika Sahlberg, Luka Tandarić, Marja-Liisa Karjalainen-Lindsberg, Marko Hyytiäinen, Markku Varjosalo, June H. Myklebust, Sirpa Leppä
Journal: Blood Cancer Discovery (2024)

Pathomechanisms that activate oncogenic B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) are largely unknown. Kelch-like family member 6 (KLHL6) encoding a substrate-adapter for Cullin-3-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase with poorly established targets is recurrently mutated in DLBCL. By applying high-throughput protein interactome screens and functional characterization, we discovered that KLHL6 regulates BCR by targeting its signaling subunits CD79A and CD79B. Loss of physiologic KLHL6 expression pattern was frequent among the MCD/C5-like activated B-cell DLBCLs and was associated with higher CD79B levels and dismal outcome. Mutations in the bric-a-brac tramtrack broad domain of KLHL6 disrupted its localization and heterodimerization and increased surface BCR levels and signaling, whereas Kelch domain mutants had the opposite effect. Malfunctions of KLHL6 mutants extended beyond proximal BCR signaling with distinct phenotypes from KLHL6 silencing. Collectively, our findings uncover how recurrent mutations in KLHL6 alter BCR signaling and induce actionable phenotypic characteristics in DLBCL. Significance: Oncogenic BCR signaling sustains DLBCL cells. We discovered that Cullin-3-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase substrate-adapter KLHL6 targets BCR heterodimer (CD79A/CD79B) for ubiquitin-mediated degradation. Recurrent somatic mutations in the KLHL6 gene cause corrupt BCR signaling by disrupting surface BCR homeostasis. Loss of KLHL6 expression and mutant-induced phenotypes associate with targetable disease characteristics in B-cell lymphoma. See related commentary by Leveille et al. See related commentary by Corcoran et al.
Racial Differences in Germline Genetic Testing Completion Among Males With Pancreatic, Breast, or Metastatic Prostate Cancers
Authors: Jeffrey W. Shevach, Danielle Candelieri-Surette, Julie A. Lynch, Rebecca A. Hubbard, Patrick R. Alba, Karen Glanz, Ravi B. Parikh, Kara N. Maxwell
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2024)

Germline genetic testing is a vital component of guideline-recommended cancer care for males with pancreatic, breast, or metastatic prostate cancers. We sought to determine whether there were racial disparities in germline genetic testing completion in this population.
Prophylactic donor-derived CD19 CAR-T cell infusion for preventing relapse in high-risk B-ALL after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Wenyi Lu, Hairong Lyu, Xia Xiao, Xue Bai, Meng Zhang, Jiaxi Wang, Yedi Pu, Juanxia Meng, Xiaomei Zhang, Haibo Zhu, Ting Yuan, Bing Wang, Xin Jin, Xinping Cao, Zhao Wang, Tianle Xie, Haotian Meng, Alexey V. Stepanov, Alexander G. Gabibov, Yuxin An, Rui Sun, Yu Zhang, Mikhail A. Maschan, Zunmin Zhu, Hongkai Zhang, Mingfeng Zhao
Journal: Leukemia (2024)