tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pharmacologic Treatment of Acute Attacks of Episodic Migraine: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis for the American College of Physicians
Authors: Gerald Gartlehner, Andreea Dobrescu, Gernot Wagner, Andrea Chapman, Emma Persad, Claus Nowak, Irma Klerings, Camilla Neubauer, Johanna Feyertag, Arianna Gadinger, Kylie Thaler
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2025)

Migraine is common, affecting 15% of Americans. To compare benefits and harms of pharmacologic treatments for acute attacks of episodic migraine in adults and assess cost-effectiveness. Three electronic databases searched to October 2024, gray literature, and reference lists. Two investigators independently selected English-language randomized trials. Single reviewer data extraction with second review. Dual independent risk of bias and certainty of evidence (COE) assessment. Twenty-one head-to-head and 165 placebo-controlled trials were included in meta-analyses and network meta-analyses. Triptans were more effective than acetaminophen (low COE) and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (high COE) for pain outcomes at 2 hours and pain freedom up to 48 hours. Triptan and acetaminophen combinations were more effective than acetaminophen alone (moderate COE) for pain outcomes at 2 hours and pain freedom up to 48 hours but not more than triptans alone (low COE). Triptan and NSAID combinations were more effective for pain outcomes at 2 hours and pain freedom up to 48 hours compared with acetaminophen (low COE), gepants (low COE), NSAIDs (high COE), and triptan monotherapy (moderate COE). Triptan regimens, however, often had a higher risk for adverse events. One study found triptans more cost-effective than ditans and gepants. Harms assessment was limited to randomized trials. Many comparisons lacked sufficient evidence to draw conclusions. Triptans and combinations of triptans were more effective than NSAID and acetaminophen alone. American College of Physicians. (PROSPERO: CRD42023441146).
Pharmacologic Treatments of Acute Episodic Migraine Headache in Outpatient Settings: A Clinical Guideline From the American College of Physicians
Authors: Amir Qaseem, Jeffrey A. Tice, Itziar Etxeandia-Ikobaltzeta, Timothy J. Wilt, Curtis S. Harrod, Thomas G. Cooney, Carolyn J. Crandall, Carolyn J. Crandall, Lauri A. Hicks, Lauri A. Hicks, Timothy J. Wilt, Ethan Balk, Ethan Balk, Thomas G. Cooney, J. Thomas Cross, J. Thomas Cross, Nick Fitterman, Nick Fitterman, Johanna Lewis, Johanna Lewis, Amy M. Linsky, Amy M. Linsky, Michael Maroto, Michael Maroto, Matthew C. Miller, Matthew C. Miller, Adam J. Obley, Adam J. Obley, Douglas K. Owens, Douglas K. Owens, Paul G. Shekelle, Paul G. Shekelle, Jeffrey A. Tice, Itziar Etxeandia-Ikobaltzeta, Curtis S. Harrod, Amir Qaseem, Tatyana Shamliyan, Tatyana Shamliyan, Jennifer Yost, Jennifer Yost
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2025)

The American College of Physicians (ACP) developed this guideline based on the best available evidence on the comparative benefits and harms of pharmacologic treatments of acute episodic migraine headache, patients' values and preferences, and economic evidence about these pharmacologic treatments. This guideline is based on a systematic review and network meta-analysis of the comparative benefits and harms of pharmacologic treatments of acute episodic migraine headaches, as well as systematic reviews of patients' values and preferences and comparative cost-effectiveness analyses. The Clinical Guidelines Committee evaluated the following clinical outcomes using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation) approach: pain freedom and pain relief at 2 hours; sustained pain freedom and sustained pain relief up to 48 hours; need for rescue medication within 24 hours; nausea, vomiting, and restored physical function at 2 hours; and overall and serious adverse events (AEs). Additional data on AEs were captured through U.S. Food and Drug Administration medication labels. The audience for this clinical guideline is physicians and other clinicians. The population is adults with acute episodic migraine headache (defined as 1 to 14 headache days per month) managed in outpatient settings. ACP recommends that clinicians add a triptan to a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug to treat moderate to severe acute episodic migraine headache in outpatient settings for nonpregnant adults who do not respond adequately to a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (strong recommendation; moderate-certainty evidence). ACP suggests that clinicians add a triptan to acetaminophen to treat moderate to severe acute episodic migraine headache in outpatient settings for nonpregnant adults who do not respond adequately to acetaminophen (conditional recommendation; low-certainty evidence).
Acute Pain Management in People With Opioid Use Disorder
Authors: Michele J. Buonora, Katherine Mackey, Laila Khalid, Thomas R. Hickey, Alyssa A. Grimshaw, Max Moss, Joanna L. Starrels, Daniel P. Alford, William C. Becker, Melissa B. Weimer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2025)

Guidance on acute pain management among people with opioid use disorder (OUD) is limited. To synthesize evidence on the benefits and harms of acute pain interventions among people with OUD. APA PsycArticles, APA PsycInfo, APA PsycExtra, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Ovid Embase, Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, and the Web of Science Core Collection through 7 July 2024. Studies of any design that evaluated acute pain interventions among adults with OUD and included pain or OUD outcomes. Independent dual screening, single-investigator data extraction with verification, and dual quality and strength of evidence assessment. Seventeen trials, 20 controlled observational studies, and 78 uncontrolled observational studies met eligibility criteria. Continuing use of buprenorphine during acute pain episodes may be associated with similar or improved pain-related outcomes versus discontinuing, based on cohort studies conducted primarily in perioperative settings. Single well-conducted randomized controlled trials in emergency department (ED) or perioperative settings in adults not prescribed medications for OUD suggest oral clonidine, intramuscular haloperidol and midazolam with intravenous (IV) morphine, and intraoperative IV lidocaine may improve pain outcomes and warrant study in diverse patient populations. Few studies evaluated methadone or the effect of interventions on OUD outcomes. Most evidence is observational and at risk of bias due to confounding. All studies were conducted in ED or hospital settings, most before widespread use of high-potency synthetic opioids or among non-U.S. populations using opium. The overall evidence for pain outcomes in people with OUD is low. The effect of pain interventions on OUD outcomes is an important evidence gap. None. (Protocol registered a priori on Open Science Framework [https://osf.io/25hbs]).
Serendipitous Discovery and Characterization of Two Different Pathologies on 68Ga-DOTATATE and 68Ga-Exendin PET/CT in a Patient With Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia Leading to Diagnosis of MEN-1
Authors: Rucha Barapatre, Priyanka Verma, Anurag R. Lila, Sandip Basu
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2025)

The complementary role of multi-tracer PET in deciphering 2 different pathologies in multiple endocrine neoplasia 1 (MEN-1) is illustrated in this report. A 22-year-old man, with a history of altered behavior over the past 1 year and suspected to have hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia based on a positive 72-hour fasting test and CT abdomen revealing a lesion in the pancreas, was referred for 68 Ga-Exendin-4 PET/CT. The 68 Ga-Exendin PET/CT revealed focal uptake in the pancreatic lesion, and 68 Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT did not show any avidity in the pancreatic lesion; however, it demonstrated somatostatin receptor (SSTR) expression in a soft tissue mass, just posterior to the thyroid. Parathyroid adenoma and hyperparathyroidism were finally proven, and genetic testing was done, which came positive for the diagnosis of MEN-1 syndrome.
Patients’ Values and Preferences Regarding the Pharmacologic Treatment of Acute Episodic Migraine
Authors: Kylie Thaler, Camilla Neubauer-Bruckner, Johanna Feyertag, Arianna Gadinger, Emma Persad, Andrea Chapman, Gernot Wagner, Irma Klerings, Gerald Gartlehner
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2025)

Understanding patients' values and preferences is essential for guideline development. To identify and synthesize evidence on patients' values and preferences for the American College of Physicians (ACP) clinical guideline on the pharmacologic treatment of acute attacks of episodic migraine. MEDLINE (Ovid) and CINAHL (EBSCO) were searched from inception to October 2024, and backward citation searches on pertinent publications were performed. Reviewers dually screened abstracts and articles. One reviewer performed data extraction, and a second team member checked for accuracy. Risk of bias was assessed in the included studies dually. The data were synthesized narratively and the certainty of evidence (COE) was assessed using GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) and GRADE-CERQual (GRADE-Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative Research) guidance. Of 2243 references screened, we included 16 quantitative studies and 1 qualitative study. Effectiveness for pain was rated as more important than avoiding harms (moderate COE) or treating accompanying symptoms (moderate COE). Both effectiveness for pain and avoiding harms were more important than other attributes such as convenience or route of administration (moderate COE). Relieving nausea and vomiting was more important than other accompanying symptoms, such as photophobia (moderate COE). Cost was not important (moderate COE). The choices in the included studies differed, making synthesis difficult and reducing certainty. Generalizability is limited because the included studies span 29 years and included patients of average age 35 to 47 years. Potential variation between patients was not captured. Patients value effectiveness for pain foremost, and avoiding harm is more important than other treatment attributes. American College of Physicians. (PROSPERO: CRD42023464889).
Functional Imaging in 2 Rare Cases of Struma Ovarii With Contrasting Features
Authors: Yeshwanth Edamadaka, Gaurav Malhotra, Jugal V. Gada, Abraham A. Kodiatte, Priyanka Verma, Nikhil M. Bhagwat, Premlata K. Varthakavi
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2025)

We present 2 cases, one with benign struma ovarii that was diagnosed preoperatively on Tc- 99 m and I-131 scans and another of malignant struma ovarii with peritoneal metastases that were detected postoperatively on 18 F-FDG PET/CT and post-radioiodine (I-131) therapy scans. Benign struma ovarri had a rare occurrence of coexisting Graves’ disease, while malignant struma ovarii demonstrated rare peritoneal involvement on functional imaging. Even though rare, struma ovarii can present with contrasting features and may require extensive workup, including functional scans and radioiodine therapy as shown in these cases.
Unusual Sole Extramedullary Diffuse Kidney Involvement in Multiple Myeloma Initial Workup Using 2-[18F]FDG-PET/CT Imaging
Authors: Bastien Jamet, Cyrille Touzeau, Chloe Antier, Philippe Moreau, Françoise Kraeber-Bodéré
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2025)

2-[ 18 F]fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography with computed tomography (2-[ 18 F]FDG-PET/CT) in multiple myeloma (MM) allows the detection of extramedullary disease (EMD), which is scarce at initial workup. We report here for the first time uncommon 2-[ 18 F]FDG-PET/CT imaging results of a 63-year-old woman with newly diagnosed MM and sole diffuse kidney EMD revealed by a significantly increased renal volume and intense/diffuse bilateral renal cortical uptake without visualization of the urinary excretory cavities then confirmed by kidney biopsy. This case highlights the possibility of a diffuse organ involvement different from the typical imaging pattern of nodular plasmacytoma lesions in soft tissues.
Perianal Abscess Due to Ingested Foreign Body as an Incidental Finding On 18F-FDG-PET/CT
Authors: Noelene George, Jane Leskovar, Kenneth Miles
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2025)

A 46-year-old man underwent FDG-PET/CT for re-staging of malignant melanoma. No metabolically active tumor sites were demonstrated, but intense FDG uptake was seen within the left perianal region associated with a soft tissue opacity on low-dose CT, consistent with an abscess containing a 23 mm linear foreign body. The lesion was subsequently explored surgically. The abscess was drained, and a wooden object measuring ~28 ×2 mm was retrieved. The object was consistent with a portion of the stick from a corn dog which the patient recalled eating some time before the restaging PET.
Focal 68Ga-FAPI-04 Uptake in Endometriosis at the Rectouterine Pouch
Authors: Yuheng Zou, Haoyuan Hu, Rong Tian, Rang Wang
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2025)

Endometriosis is a benign condition characterized by chronic inflammation and fibrosis. We report the findings of endometriosis at the rectouterine pouch on 68 Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT scan in a 25-year-old woman. The finding was initially thought as peritoneal metastasis from her newly diagnosed gastric cancer. However, subsequent pathologic examination confirmed that it was endometriosis.
Ethical considerations for advancing research using organoid models derived from the placenta
Authors: Olivier J M Schäffers, Joost Gribnau, Bas B van Rijn, Eline M Bunnik
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (2025)

Abstract BACKGROUND The advent of organoid culture systems has revolutionized our ability to model and study complex tissues in vitro. The placenta is one of the last human organs to have a functional organoid model developed: trophoblast organoids. These 3-dimensional structures, derived from placental tissue, offer researchers a valuable tool for studying previously inaccessible processes that occur within the womb and play a significant role in determining the health of the offspring. While primarily used for research, trophoblast organoids hold promise for clinical applications, including prenatal diagnostics and therapeutic interventions, both of which may have commercial interest. However, to ensure that research with organoid models derived from the placenta is conducted responsibly, the relevant ethics of these models need to be addressed. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE Ethical considerations related to organoid models derived from the placenta, such as trophoblast organoids are important but remain unexplored in literature. Therefore, the goal of this review is to explore the ethical considerations related to trophoblast organoids. SEARCH METHODS Since there is no ethical research specifically addressing organoid models of the placenta to date, we have based our findings on discussions related to other organoid models and research involving fetal tissue, placenta, or umbilical cord blood. We employed a scoping review method to search PubMed, Embase, Medline (all), Bioethics Research Library, and Google Scholar for research articles, books, or other correspondence on ethical issues regarding these indicated topics, with no date limits. OUTCOMES Ethical considerations related to trophoblast organoids can be divided into three distinct categories. First, there is a need to assess the moral value of trophoblast organoids, including their potential relational and symbolic dimensions. Second, it is important to understand ethical issues associated with ownership and commercialization of trophoblast organoids. Last, there are considerations related to appropriate informed consent procedures. It is worth noting that these three categories are interconnected, with the second and third being largely dependent on the moral value attributed to trophoblast organoids. Future research should assess the perspectives of various stakeholders, including parents who may donate placental tissue for organoid research. WIDER IMPLICATIONS This review offers valuable insights into the ethical landscape surrounding the derivation of tissues or products from pregnancies, and their further application, highlighting areas that require attention and discussion within both the scientific community and the broader society. REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
A transcriptional atlas of gut-innervating neurons reveals activation of interferon signaling and ferroptosis during intestinal inflammation
Authors: Patrycja M Forster, Manuel O Jakob, Dilmurat Yusuf, Marvin Bubeck, Heidi Limberger, Yanjiang Luo, Paula Thieme, Alexandra Polici, Nele Sterczyk, Sotiria Boulekou, Laura Bartel, Catalina Cosovanu, Mario Witkowski, Miguel González-Acera, Anja A Kühl, Carl Weidinger, Rolf Backofen, Ahmed N Hegazy, Jay V Patankar, Christoph S N Klose
Journal: Neuron (2025)
Per-oral endoscopic myotomy versus laparoscopic Heller's myotomy plus Dor fundoplication in patients with idiopathic achalasia: 5-year follow-up of a multicentre, randomised, open-label, non-inferiority trial
Authors: Kristina Hugova, Jan Mares, Bengt Hakanson, Alessandro Repici, Burkhard H A von Rahden, Albert J Bredenoord, Raf Bisschops, Helmut Messmann, Tania Ruppenthal, Oliver Mann, Jakob Izbicki, Tomas Harustiak, Uberto Fumagalli Romario, Riccardo Rosati, Christoph-Thomas Germer, Marlies Schijven, Alice Emmermann, Daniel von Renteln, Sarah Dautel, Paul Fockens, Guy Boeckxstaens, Thomas Rösch, Jan Martinek, Yuki B Werner
Journal: The Lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology (2025)
Decisions to withdraw or withhold life-sustaining therapies in patients with and without acute brain injury: a secondary analysis of two prospective cohort studies
Authors: Shaurya Taran, Kuan Liu, Victoria A McCredie, Oscar Penuelas, Karen E A Burns, Fernando Frutos-Vivar, Damon C Scales, Niall D Ferguson, Jeffrey M Singh, Armaan K Malhotra, Neill K J Adhikari
Journal: The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (2025)
Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by active surveillance versus standard surgery for oesophageal cancer (SANO trial): a multicentre, stepped-wedge, cluster-randomised, non-inferiority, phase 3 trial
Authors: Berend J van der Wilk, Ben M Eyck, Bas P L Wijnhoven, Sjoerd M Lagarde, Camiel Rosman, Bo J Noordman, Maria J Valkema, Tanya M Bisseling, Peter-Paul L O Coene, Marc J van Det, Jan Willem T Dekker, Jolanda M van Dieren, Michail Doukas, Stijn van Esser, W Edward Fiets, Henk H Hartgrink, Joos Heisterkamp, I Lisanne Holster, Bastiaan Klarenbeek, David van Klaveren, Eva Kouw, Ewout A Kouwenhoven, Misha D Luyer, Bianca Mostert, Grard A P Nieuwenhuijzen, Liekele E Oostenbrug, Jean-Pierre Pierie, Johanna W van Sandick, Meindert N Sosef, Manon C W Spaander, Roelf Valkema, Edwin S van der Zaag, Ewout W Steyerberg, J Jan B van Lanschot
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2025)
Hypofractionated radiotherapy for prostate cancer (HYDRA): an individual patient data meta-analysis of randomised trials in the MARCAP consortium
Authors: Amar U Kishan, Yilun Sun, Alison C Tree, Emma Hall, David Dearnaley, Charles N Catton, Himanshu R Lukka, Gregory Pond, W Robert Lee, Howard M Sandler, Felix Y Feng, Paul L Nguyen, Luca Incrocci, Wilma Heemsbergen, Floris J Pos, Eric Horwitz, Jessica Karen Wong, Karen E Hoffman, Comron Hassanzadeh, Deborah A Kuban, Stefano Arcangeli, Giuseppe Sanguineti, Stephane Supiot, Gilles Crehange, Igor Latorzeff, Tahmineh Romero Kalbasi, Michael L Steinberg, Luca F Valle, Andrew Loblaw, John Nikitas, Soumyajit Roy, Nicholas G Zaorsky, Angela Y Jia, Daniel E Spratt
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2025)
Health-related quality of life with belzutifan versus everolimus for advanced renal cell carcinoma (LITESPARK-005): patient-reported outcomes from a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial
Authors: Thomas Powles, Toni K Choueiri, Laurence Albiges, Katriina Peltola, Guillermo de Velasco, Mauricio Burotto, Cristina Suarez, Pooja Ghatalia, Roberto Iacovelli, Elaine T Lam, Elena Verzoni, Mahmut Gümüş, Walter M Stadler, Christian Kollmannsberger, Bohuslav Melichar, Balaji Venugopal, Marine Gross-Goupil, Alexandr Poprach, Maria De Santis, Mimma Rizzo, Reshma Shinde, Todd L Saretsky, Li He, Rodolfo F Perini, Donna Vickery, Brian Rini
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2025)
Second primary malignancies following CAR T-cell therapy in patients with hematologic malignancies
Authors: Elvira Umyarova, Charles Pei, William Pellegrino, Qiuhong Zhao, Nidhi Sharma, Don Benson, Francesca Cottini, Evandro Bezerra, Jonathan Brammer, Naresh Bumma, Hannah Choe, Nathan Denlinger, Srinivas Devarakonda, Abdullah Khan, Sam Penza, Ashley Rosko, Sumithira Vasu, Sarah Wall, Lapo Alinari, Robert Baiocchi, David A. Bond, Beth Christian, Walter Hanel, Kami Maddocks, John Reneau, Yazeed Sawalha, Alma Habib, Audrey Sigmund, Timothy J. Voorhees, Marcos de Lima, Narendranath Epperla
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2025)

Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy has transformed the management of patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) hematologic malignancies, including B-cell lymphomas and multiple myeloma (MM). While data pertaining to the efficacy and toxicity associated with CAR-T have been widely reported, there are limited data on long-term complications. We retrospectively analyzed 246 patients treated with CAR-T for R/R B-cell lymphoma (n = 228) and MM (n = 18) at Ohio State University from 2016 to 2022, with a minimum of two years of follow-up. The median age was 66 years, and the median number of prior treatments was four. With a median follow-up of 38 months (range 11–66), 21 patients (8.5%) developed a second primary malignancy (SPM), with non-melanoma skin cancer being the most common (52%), followed by hematologic malignancies (33%) and non-skin solid tumors (14%). Squamous cell carcinoma accounted for 38% of skin cancers, while myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia were the predominant hematologic malignancies. Solid tumors included bladder, prostate, and breast cancer. The distinct pattern of SPMs suggests potential CAR-T-related risks, warranting vigilant post-treatment surveillance. Further studies are necessary to elucidate underlying mechanism and predictive factors and guide long-term management of SPM risk in CAR-T survivors.