tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The History of Endocrine Surgery
Authors: R. B. Welbourn
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

However, considering that Elizabeth Garrett qualified in medicine in 1865 and the University of London opened its doors to women in 1878, it is surprising how few women had taken up physiology by 1914.Only Winifred Cullis at the London School of Medicine for Women had achieved the status of head of a department by that time.The author has selected his subjects on the ground that they were either members of the Physiological Society, teachers of physiology, or authors of papers in the Journal ofPhysiology.This would appear to be a tightly-knit group, but it does include a number of people who might be surprised to be recognized as physiologists.Many joined the Physiological Society on their first academic appointment and then left or lost interest when their careers took them elsewhere.Thus the connection of some of the subjects with physiology is very tenuous.But one of the purposes of the Dictionary is to identify all those who made up British physiology, not just those who are well known today and in this respect the author has been assiduous.The book could have been much shorter had it adopted a more telegraphic style, but the author has been allowed to write as he pleases with the result that the entries for such distinguished physiologists as Bayliss, Haldane, Dale, and Starling, amount to full biographies which may in future be quoted as sources.This freedom also allows him to add many serendipitous remarks which add greatly to the enjoyment of the book: McMunn's brother-in-law was Captain Webb, the Channel swimmer
The impact of air quality from school on health status of children with chro
Authors: Angela Cazacu Stratu, Rodica Selevestru, Grigore Friptuleac, Svetlana Sciuca
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Aim. The aim of the study was hygienic estimation of training condition of schoolchildren with chronic respiratory diseases   Methods .Were studied training conditions (temperature,humidity,concentration of CO 2 ) at 32 classrooms in 13 schools from different regions of the Republic of Moldova, using the device Air Quality Monitor(AQ-5000,USA). Were surveyed 5237 pupils and subsequently were examined 265 children with recurrent respiratory manifestation.   Results .Low temperatures in the beginning of lessons during the winter have been defined and during the passing period, which have made 17,7oC and according to 14,5oC. In time of lessons air temperature increases with 0,2-0,4oC and to the end of lessons, air toC reaches 18,4oC and 16,8oC. Level of relative humidity of air during lessons doesn9t exceed limits of hygienic norms, except for the transition period which value vary within 56,1-64,3%. Other important index of air quality in premises is concentration of CO 2 . In the small closed premises, with missing airing, average values of concentration of a CO 2  are exceeded. During lessons, concentration of CO2 grows in a dynamic order, during the spring period increases by 0,14% to the beginning of the lesson, to 0,32% by the end, thus exceeding hygienic norms in three times. During the winter period this index varies from 0,17% to 0,29%.  The morbidity by chronic respiratory diseases (asthma, chronic bronchitis) in unfavorable occupational conditions is 6,5times higher then general statistical indices in the Republic of Moldova.   Conclusion. Unfavorable occupational conditions have a negative influence on pupils health by increasing the frequencx of chronic bronhopulmonary diseases.
Treatment of Heart Diseases
Authors: James T. Willerson, Donald S. Baim
Journal: BMJ (1943)

Medical treatment of coronary artery disease syndromes medical treatment of congestive heart failure medical treatment of arrhythmias and abnormalities in condition aetiologys and medical treatment of hyperlipidaemia percutaneous transluminal coronary artery angioplasty, atherectomy, and laser treatments of coronary heart disease surgical treatment of heart disease aetiologies and treatment of systemic arterial hypertension.
Relationship between EGFR protein expression, EGFR gene amplification, EGFR gene mutations and gefitinib sensitivity in human non-small cell lung cancer cell lines
Authors: Terashima Masaaki, Isamu Okamoto, Kenji Tamura, Takafumi Okabe, Taro Sato, Minoru Takada, Kazuhiko Nakagawa, Masahiro Fukuoka
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

4553   Gefitinib is a selective epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Somatic mutations in the tyrosine kinase domain of the receptor (exons 18 through 21) have been recently identified in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and the presence of those mutations could be highly related to response to gefitinib. On the other hand, EGFR gene amplification has been also reported to be associated with response to gefitinib. The exact mechanism that defines gefitinib sensitivity is not fully understood. We have originally established four cell lines (Ma1, KT2, KT4, Ma47) with EGFR gene mutations (exon19 deletion E746-A750 or exon 21 L858R) from Japanese NSCLC patients. Total 10 NSCLC cell lines (EGFR wild type; A549, H1299, H292, EGFR mutant; PC9, Ma1, KT2, KT4, Ma47, H1975, H1650) including these four cell lines have been analyzed for the relationship between EGFR gene mutations, EGFR gene amplification, EGFR protein expression as markers for sensitivity to gefitinib. Four (PC9, Ma1, KT2, KT4) of 7 cell lines with EGFR gene mutations had high sensitivity to gefitinib. It is noted that EGFR gene amplification determined by FISH analysis was observed in five cell lines (PC9, Ma1, KT2, KT4, Ma47) with EGFR mutations but not in cell lines without EGFR mutations. Furthermore EGFR protein expression level was highly associated with EGFR gene amplification. The high correlation between EGFR gene mutations and EGFR gene amplification suggests that EGFR gene amplification may be induced by EGFR mutations. Based on the data of the sensitivity to gefitinib in these cell lines, EGFR gene amplification may play a role to sensitize tumor cells with EGFR gene mutations to gefitinib treatment.
Abstract 2796: Preoperative Inflammatory State Correlates with Postoperative Outcomes following Infant Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Catherine K Allan, Jane W Newburger, David Wypij, Ellen McGrath, Jodi Elder, Charles Psoinos, Pedro J del Nido, Francis X McGowan
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Introduction: Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) induces a systemic inflammatory response. The magnitude and consequences in infants remain unclear. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that a subset of infants h...
Alloantibody Formation In Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Joep Sins, Saurabh Zalpuri, Marjon Cnossen, Anita W. Rijneveld, Jean-Louis Kerkhoffs, Alfred van Meurs, Yolanda de Rijke, Marjolein Peters, Bart J. Biemond, Anske van der Bom, Karin Fijnvandraat
Journal: Blood (2013)
Clinical Genetics Handbook.
Authors: Arthur Robinson, Mary G. Linden
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

The second edition of this handbook provides access when practical questions on genetics arise in a clinical setting. It covers the genetic disorders most likely to be of interest to the primary care physician and his or her patients, rather than attempting to catalogue the entire spectrum of genetic disease. The book is arranged by organ system and has chapters providing an overview of disorders arising in a particular system, as well as specific chapters on individual disorders.
Carbohydrate Metabolism and Insulin.
Authors: John James Rickard Macleod
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Predictive value of tumor associated histiocytes in patients with leiomyosarcoma
Authors: K. N. Ganjoo, D. Witten, M. Patel, I. Espinosa, T. La, R. West, C. Jacobs, M. van de Rijn
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

10585 Background: Current pathologic grading systems do not reliably predict outcome in patients with leiomyosarcoma (LMS). High numbers of tumor associated histiocytes (TAH) have been associated with poor outcome in several cancers. Our group recently reported variable levels of macrophage specific mRNAs for CD163 in LMS. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcome of LMS according to the number of TAH. Methods: Patients with LMS treated at our center with adequate archived tissue and clinical data were eligible for this retrospective study. Data from chart reviews included tumor site, size, grade, stage, treatment, and disease status at the time of last follow-up. Using immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays, numbers of CD163 positive histiocytes were measured. For analysis, they were divided into four categories: (≤10, 10–20, 21–45, and ≥45 cells per 0.66 mm core). Kaplan-Meier survival curves were plotted for various predictors. Results: Fifty-two patients diagnosed from 1983–2007 were evaluated. Patient characteristics included: 12 men, 40 women, median age:53; grade (high:41, low:11); size (<5 cm:9, 5–10 cm:16, >10 cm:24, unknown:3); stage (I:5; II:6; III:26; IV:15); TAH (<10: 3; 10–20: 6; 21–45: 9; ≥45: 27). Log-rank tests for grade, size, and stage were not significant. Although there was a trend towards superior survival in patients with TAH<45 (40% 5-year) compared to those with TAH ≥45 (28% 5-year) it did not reach statistical significance perhaps due to small sample size. Conclusions: Our data suggest a correlation between TAH and outcome. Preliminary data from our group show that LMS cells express cytokines that attract and stimulate TAH. We are investigating genes expressed by these cytokines with tissue microarray which may help understand LMS pathogenesis and suggest novel treatment options. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Commentary : How robust are rankings? The implications of confidence intervals
Authors: C. Sanderson, M. Mckee
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Objectives: To discover the perceived size of pool of doctors considered to be underperforming in general practice in the Northern Deanery and to discover whether these perceptions are based on formal assessments. Design: Postal questionnaire. Setting: Area covered by the Northern Deanery. Subjects: Seven health authority directors of primary care, seven secretaries of local medical committees, and 14 chief officers of community health councils. Results: The response rate was 100% for directors of primary care and secretaries of local medical committees and, after one reminder, 92% for chief officers of community health councils. Numbers of doctors perceived to be underperforming ranged from none to over 15 in different health authority areas. Main areas for concern were communication skills, clinical skills, and management skills. Patients' representatives were concerned about lack of power of patients and health authorities and doctors' lack of accountability. Health authorities were concerned about lack of power, identification of underperforming doctors, and doctors' professional loyalty. Local medical committees were concerned about the problem of identifying underperformance. A number of methods were used for identification, and there was no common method applied. Conclusions: The number of doctors thought to be underperforming was small. Work still needs to be done on developing tools that can be used in everyday practice to enable doctors to confirm for themselves, their colleagues, and their patients that they are providing an adequate level of care. See Editor's choice Postgraduate Institute for Medicine and Dentistry, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AB George Taylor, deputy director general practice g.b.taylor@ncl.ac.uk
Pictorial Manual of Neurologic Tests.
Authors: W Maurice
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

The second part, reprinted from October 1968, is ed- ited by Martin Entin of Montreal and is based upon lectures given by a group of foreign surgeons.Much of it is basic, some is repetition of the same material presented by these authors on other occasions, as would be expected in such a course of postgraduate studies.Fortunately, the inclusion of two orthopedists, Kaplan and Swanson, and of Verdan, who is primarily a general surgeon and who writes on fractures of the scaphoid, has prevented the issue from giving the reader the impression that surgery of the hand is solely within the province of the plastic surgeon.Reprinting the two clinics and combining them in one volume makes for easy reference to the desired articles, especially by plastic surgeons.Others will miss the treat- ment of other topics which are a part of reconstructive surgery and of surgery of the hand.
Abstract 175: Aldosterone Synthase Inhibition Prolongs Survival And Ameliorates Cardiac And Renal Dysfunction In An Angiotensin II-dependent Hypertensive Rat Model
Authors: Jing Liu, Wei Chen, Chii-Whei Hu, Arco Y Jeng, Dean F Rigel
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Angiotensin II (Ang II) contributes to end-organ damage directly and also indirectly via stimulating aldosterone production. The present study evaluated the contribution of aldosterone to mortality/moribundity and cardiorenal injury in an Ang II-dependent model of hypertension (“double-transgenic rat”, dTGR). Aldosterone synthesis was blocked by pharmacologic inhibition of CYP11B2 (aldosterone synthase, AS) with FAD286 (FAD). FAD (1–100 mg/kg/day in drinking water from 3 to 8 weeks of age; n=10/group) dose-dependently prolonged median and 20% survival in dTGRs (Figure ). The optimal survival dose of FAD (30 mg/kg/day) was further evaluated in 7-week-old dTGRs (n=8), which were compared with age-matched untreated dTGRs (n=8) and untreated Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (n=6). FAD improved cardiac systolic and diastolic function (echocardiography), attenuated cardiac hypertrophy and renal dysfunction, lowered plasma aldosterone concentration and urinary aldosterone excretion, but did not alter arterial pressure (Table ). Our results indicate that selective disruption of aldosterone biosynthesis prolongs survival and ameliorates organ damage. This observation supports the concept that aldosterone is an independent cardiorenal risk factor and that AS inhibition may be a useful therapeutic approach.
Abstract 20121: MicroRNA 27b Rescues Impaired Endothelial Progenitor Cell Angiogenesis and Accelerates Wound Healing via Suppressing Thrombosponding-1 in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Jie-Mei Wang, Jun Tao, Alex F Chen
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Introduction: EPCs play a key role in angiogenesis, which is impaired in diabetes. MiR-27b promotes angiogenesis in endothelial cells, but its role on EPC angiogenesis in diabetes is unknown. We hypothesized that the mir-27b rescues impaired EPC angiogenesis via suppressing anti-angiogenic thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) in diabetes. Methods: Bone marrow-derived EPCs were cultured from adult male (C57BLKS/J, 9 weeks) type 2 diabetic db/db and their normal littermates db/+ mice. MiR-27b and TSP-1 were measured by real-time PCR. Secreted TSP-1 was determined by Western blot. EPC-induced angiogenesis was evaluated by Matrigel tube formation. In vivo wound healing and wound perfusion (Laser Doppler) were dynamically monitored on full thickness excisional wounds, with or without topical EPC therapy. Results: Mir27b in EPCs was down by >66% in db/db vs. db/+ mice (n=4, p<.05). TSP-1 mRNA and protein were significantly higher in EPCs from db/db vs. db/+ mice (mRNA, 130.1% protein, 127.4%, both n=4, p<.05), which were s...
A comparative study of paranoid and schizoid personality disorders
Authors: M Fulton, G Winokur
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1993)

Family studies have demonstrated a higher rate of schizoid personality in the families of probands with schizophrenia and a higher rate of paranoid personality in the families of probands with delusional disorder. The authors sought to investigate the familial characteristics of probands with schizoid and paranoid personality disorders and to delineate the clinical characteristics of the two groups.Records of 351 inpatients with discharge diagnoses that included the term "schizoid personality" or "paranoid personality" were examined to identify patients who met DSM-III-R criteria for schizoid personality disorder (N = 34) or paranoid personality disorder (N = 19). Comparisons were made between the two groups with respect to clinical symptoms, familial characteristics, and longitudinal course.The authors found that probands with schizoid personality disorder were hospitalized at an earlier age than probands with paranoid personality disorder, had more intervention before the index admission, and had greater morbidity following the index admission. They also found that descriptors of the two syndromes tended to congregate in the respective family material, but the differences were not statistically significant. Differences in the familial prevalence of schizophrenia were also not statistically significant.These familial data do not support the hypothesis that schizophrenia congregates in the families of probands with schizoid personality disorder. Possible explanations for this finding are discussed.
Abstract 14097: High Throughput Calcium Transient Analysis for Early Stage Cardiotoxicity Testing in Cardiomyocytes Derived from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Authors: Ross Whittaker, Fabio Cerignoli, Patrick McDonough, Randall Ingermanson, Mark Mercola, Jeffrey Price
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Current High Throughput (HT) screening assays for cardio-active drugs and early phase cardiotoxicity testing rely on engineered tumor cell lines expressing a single ion channel which grossly undere...
Brain Tumor Scanning with Radioisotopes.
Authors: Louis Bakay, David M. Klein
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Twenty-three authors have contributed to this volume derived from the proceedings of a symposium' on brain tumor scanning held in Buffalo .in 1968. The book is divided into three parts: bIOlogical principles, new scanning techniques, and clinical results. The highlight of this book is the considerable discussion of the biological principles, including such topics as Basic A spects of the A ccumulation of Substances in Brain Tumors; Factors Involved in the Uptake and Distribution of Radioactive Tracers in Brain Tumors and Brain; Concentration of Tracer Substances in Brain Tumors: A n Electron Microscope Evaluation; Correlation Between the Ultrastructure of Brain Tumors and Their Uptakes of 203Hg_ Chlormerodrin, and Comparative Studies on the Ultrastructure of Intracranial Tumors in 111an and Experimental A nimals. Although much of this material is scattered throughout the world literature, very little of it has appeared in radiological journals. It is obvious from the panel discussion which concludes this section of the book that much of this material is still controversial; nevertheless, the fundamental mechanisms which make a brain scan positive or negative are eruditely set forth. Some pages are devoted to the theoretical and clinical virtues of positron brain imaging; however, this is of limited interest, as the instrumentation is specialized and not in wide use. Hemodynamic radionuclide studies are covered in two chapters. A hint of the application of the autofluoroscope to these pursuits is given, but a mo~e scholarly discussion is devoted to the use of a twin probe system to assess hemispheric radionuclide transit following intravenous administration. The results of these activity histograms are correlated with a variety of intracranial afflictions. A formal dissertation on the use of the Anger camera is not included. The chapters dealing with the interpretive aspects of brain scanning are good, and there are numerous illustrations throughout the text. This book will be of interest to those engaged in radionuclide brain imaging; the first 75 pages, dealing with the basic biological mechanisms of radiopharmaceutical concentration or lack thereof, are particularly recommended.
Insulin growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) expression in small cell lung cancer (SCLC).
Authors: C. H. Huang, S. L. Graff, R. Madan, K. Kelly
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e21098 Background: SCLC is a highly aggressive form of malignancy in which limited therapeutic options exist and median survival remains dismal. Insulin Growth Factor (IGF) pathway is involved in endocrine, paracrine and autocrine control and it mediates its effect through IGF-1R. Elevated IGF-1 has been associated with increased risk of lung cancer, and it functions as a growth factor in SCLC. We studied the expression of IGF-1R in patients diagnosed with small cell cancer to determine expression pattern. Methods: This is a descriptive pilot study. Cases of small cell carcinoma diagnosed between 2000 and 2007 were identified from the tumor registry. Immunohistochemical (IHC) stains were performed on paraffin embedded tissue using an anti-IGF-1R (G11) rabbit monoclonal primary antibody (Ventana, AZ). Staining characteristics were documented using semi-quantitative criteria, and all slides were reviewed by a single pathologist. Results: Twenty four patients with adequate tissue were identified. The median age was 66 years, 12 were male, 12 were female, 21 patients had SCLC; 11 had extensive stage(E) and 10 had limited stage(L); 2 patients had small cell of the bladder (stage II) and one had small cell metastatic to cervical lymph node without primary site determined. The IGF-1R expression ranged from 0 to 4+ (5 had 0+, 9 had 1-2+ and 10 had 3-4+), median of 2. The percentage of cells positive for IGF-1R ranged from 0 to 90 % ( 5 had 0%, 19 had > 10% and 17 had ≥ 50%), median 70%. Of the 17 patients with 50% or more cells positive for IGF-1R; 8 had extensive stage and 7 had limited stage SCLC; 1 had bladder as the primary site and 1 had extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma. Conclusions: We conclude that IGF-1R is commonly expressed in both limited and extensive stage SCLC and is a potential therapeutic target in this disease. Clinical trials using an IGF-1R directed agent should be pursued. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 10489: A Novel IKK Inhibitor Prevents Progression of Neointimal Formation After Arterial Injury in Mice
Authors: Rikuta Hamaya, Jun-Ichi Suzuki, Masahito Ogawa, Ryo Watanabe, Susumu Muto, Akiko Itai, Yasunobu Hirata, Ryozo Nagai, Mitsuaki Isobe
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Restenosis, which is composed of neointimal formation after the percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), is still a clinically serious problem. In this study, we verified the treatme...