tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Drug Decriminalization, Fentanyl, and Fatal Overdoses in Oregon
Authors: Michael J. Zoorob, Ju Nyeong Park, Alex H. Kral, Barrot H. Lambdin, Brandon del Pozo
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

Importance With the implementation of Measure 110 (M110) in 2021, Oregon became the first US state to decriminalize small amounts of any drug for personal use. To date, no analysis of the association of this law with overdose mortality has fully accounted for the introduction of fentanyl—a substance that is known to drive fatal overdose—to Oregon’s unregulated drug market. Objective To evaluate whether the decriminalization of drug possession in Oregon was associated with changes in fatal drug overdose rates after accounting for the rapid spread of fentanyl in Oregon’s unregulated drug market. Design, Setting, and Participants In this cohort study, the association between fatal overdose and enactment of M110 was analyzed using a matrix completion synthetic control method. The control group consisted of the 48 US states and Washington, DC, all of which did not decriminalize drugs. The rapid spread of fentanyl in unregulated drug markets was determined using the state-level percentage of all samples reported to the National Forensic Laboratory Information System that were identified as fentanyl or its analogues. Mortality data were obtained from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for January 1, 2008, to December 31, 2022. Data analysis was performed from fall 2023 through spring 2024. Exposures Measure 110 took effect in Oregon on February 1, 2021. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome assessed was fatal drug overdose rates per half-year. A changepoint analysis also determined when each state experienced a rapid escalation of fentanyl in its unregulated drug market. Results In this analysis, rapid spread of fentanyl in Oregon’s unregulated drug supply occurred in the first half of 2021, contemporaneous with enactment of M110. A positive crude association was found between drug decriminalization and fatal overdose rate per 100 000 per half year (estimate [SE], 1.83 [0.47]; P &amp;amp;lt; .001). After adjusting for the spread of fentanyl as a confounder, the effect size changed signs (estimate [SE], −0.51 [0.61]; P = .41) and there was no longer an association between decriminalization and overdose mortality in Oregon. Sensitivity analyses were consistent with this result. Conclusions and Relevance In this cohort study of fatal drug overdose and the spread of fentanyl through Oregon’s unregulated drug market, no association between M110 and fatal overdose rates was observed. Future evaluations of the health effects of drug policies should account for changes in the composition of unregulated drug markets.
Orally Deliverable Iron‐Ceria Nanotablets for Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Seungmin Baik, Hyunmin Kim, Yunjung Lee, Taegyu Kang, Kwangsoo Shin, Changyeong Song, Ok Kyu Park, Byeonggeun Kang, Nohyun Lee, Dokyoon Kim, Seung Hong Choi, Seung Han Kim, Min Soh, Taeghwan Hyeon, Chi Kyung Kim
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Abstract Ceria‐based nanoparticles are versatile in treating various inflammatory diseases, but their feasibility in clinical translation is undermined by safety concerns and a limited delivery system. Meanwhile, the idiopathic nature of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) calls for a wider variety of therapeutics via moderation of the intestinal immune system. In this regard, the synthesis and oral formulation of iron‐ceria nanoparticles (CF NPs) with enhanced nanozymic activity and lower toxicity risk than conventional ceria‐based nanoparticles are reported. CF NPs are clustered in calcium phosphate (CaP) and coated with a pH‐responsive polymer to provide the enteric formulation of iron‐ceria nanotablets (CFNT). CFNT exhibits a marked alleviative efficacy in the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)‐induced enterocolitis model in vivo by modulating the pro‐inflammatory behavior of innate immune cells including macrophages and neutrophils, promoting anti‐inflammatory cytokine profiles, and downregulating key transcription factors of inflammatory pathways.
Impact of CYP2C19 Genotype Status on Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Symptomatic Coronary Artery Disease, Stroke, and Peripheral Arterial Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Dominique P M S M Maas, Loes H Willems, Josephine Kranendonk, Cornelis Kramers, Michiel C Warlé
Journal: Drugs (2024)
Sandwich‐Structured Nanofiber Dressings Containing MgB<sub>2</sub> and Metformin Hydrochloride With ROS Scavenging and Antibacterial Properties for Wound Healing in Diabetic Infections
Authors: Yueguang Fang, Lanling Xiu, Dingwen Xiao, Danyang Zhang, Miao Wang, Yuesheng Dong, Junwei Ye
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Abstract The treatment of chronic diabetic wounds is a major challenge due to oxidative stress, persistent hyperglycemia, and susceptibility to bacterial infection. In this study, multifunctional sandwich‐structured nanofiber dressings (SNDs) are prepared via electrospinning. The SNDs consisted of an outer layer of hydrophobic polylactic acid (PLA) fibers encapsulating MgB 2 nanosheets (MgB 2 NSs), a middle layer of PLA and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) fibers encapsulating the MgB 2 NSs and metformin hydrochloride complex (MgB 2 ‐Met), and an inner layer of water‐soluble PVP fibers encapsulating MgB 2 ‐Met. Because of their special sandwich structure, SNDs have high photothermal conversion efficiency (24.13%) and photothermal cycle performance. SNDs also exhibit a photothermal effect, bacteria‐targeting effect of MgB 2 , electrostatic attraction ability of metformin hydrochloride (Met), and strong antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) and methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). SNDs can eliminate intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) by regulating the hydrogen release from MgB 2 . In addition, SNDs have good biocompatibility, can effectively inhibit the inflammatory factor Interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), and promote granulation tissue formation, collagen deposition, and diabetic wound healing. These findings offer a promising approach for clinical treatment of diabetic wounds.
Cost-Effectiveness of AI for Risk-Stratified Breast Cancer Screening
Authors: Harry Hill, Cristina Roadevin, Stephen Duffy, Olena Mandrik, Adam Brentnall
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

Importance Previous research has shown good discrimination of short-term risk using an artificial intelligence (AI) risk prediction model (Mirai). However, no studies have been undertaken to evaluate whether this might translate into economic gains. Objective To assess the cost-effectiveness of incorporating risk-stratified screening using a breast cancer AI model into the United Kingdom (UK) National Breast Cancer Screening Program. Design, Setting, and Participants This study, conducted from January 1, 2023, to January 31, 2024, involved the development of a decision analytical model to estimate health-related quality of life, cancer survival rates, and costs over the lifetime of the female population eligible for screening. The analysis took a UK payer perspective, and the simulated cohort consisted of women aged 50 to 70 years at screening. Exposures Mammography screening at 1 to 6 yearly screening intervals based on breast cancer risk and standard care (screening every 3 years). Main Outcomes and Measures Incremental net monetary benefit based on quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) and National Health Service (NHS) costs (given in pounds sterling; to convert to US dollars, multiply by 1.28). Results Artificial intelligence–based risk-stratified programs were estimated to be cost-saving and increase QALYs compared with the current screening program. A screening schedule of every 6 years for lowest-risk individuals, biannually and triennially for those below and above average risk, respectively, and annually for those at highest risk was estimated to give yearly net monetary benefits within the NHS of approximately £60.4 (US $77.3) million and £85.3 (US $109.2) million, with QALY values set at £20 000 (US $25 600) and £30 000 (US $38 400), respectively. Even in scenarios where decision-makers hesitate to allocate additional NHS resources toward screening, implementing the proposed strategies at a QALY value of £1 (US $1.28) was estimated to generate a yearly monetary benefit of approximately £10.6 (US $13.6) million. Conclusions and Relevance In this decision analytical model study of integrating risk-stratified screening with a breast cancer AI model into the UK National Breast Cancer Screening Program, risk-stratified screening was likely to be cost-effective, yielding added health benefits at reduced costs. These results are particularly relevant for health care settings where resources are under pressure. New studies to prospectively evaluate AI-guided screening appear warranted.
Human Papillomavirus Vaccination and Human Papillomavirus–Related Cancer Rates
Authors: Victor Adekanmbi, Itunu Sokale, Fangjian Guo, Jessica Ngo, Thao N. Hoang, Christine D. Hsu, Abiodun Oluyomi, Abbey B. Berenson
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

To inform the design and implementation of targeted interventions to reduce the future burden of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related cancers in Texas, it is necessary to examine the county and health service region (HSR) levels of (1) the proportion of children and teenagers aged 9 to 17 years who initiated and were up to date for HPV vaccination series and (2) HPV-related cancer incidence rates (IRs).
Balloon Angioplasty vs Medical Management for Intracranial Artery Stenosis
Authors: Xuan Sun, Yiming Deng, Yong Zhang, Ming Yang, Dapeng Sun, Thanh N. Nguyen, Xu Tong, Guangge Peng, Aihua Liu, Yun Xu, Yunhu Wu, Xiaokun Geng, Yang Wang, Tianxiao Li, Shihui Xing, Wei Wu, Yunxiang Ji, Hua Yang, Shouchun Wang, Xiaoping Gao, Weimin Yang, Xingquan Zhao, Liping Liu, Ning Ma, Feng Gao, Dapeng Mo, Xiaochuan Huo, Ligang Song, Xiaoqing Li, Jingbo Zhang, Hongwei He, Ming Lv, Shiqing Mu, Wengui Yu, David S. Liebeskind, Sepideh Amin-Hanjani, Yongjun Wang, Yilong Wang, Zhongrong Miao, Yifeng Du, Huisheng Chen, Peiming Wang, Yajie Liu, Hongbo Zheng, Wenhua Liu, Wenfeng Cao, Guisheng Jiang, Jianfeng Han, Ya Peng, Jun Wang, Shiyong Zhang, Gesheng Wang, Liyu Wang, Jin Wu, Guifu Li, Mingze Chang, Jing Jing, Nan Qi, Zhenwei Zhao, Kehui Dong, Huaizhang Shi, Jin Shi, Yiling Cai, Yuesong Pan
Journal: JAMA (2024)

Previous randomized clinical trials did not demonstrate the superiority of endovascular stenting over aggressive medical management for patients with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (sICAS). However, balloon angioplasty has not been investigated in a randomized clinical trial.
<i>Notes from the Field:</i> E-Cigarette and Nicotine Pouch Use Among Middle and High School Students — United States, 2024
Authors: Eunice Park-Lee, Ahmed Jamal, Hannah Cowan, Michael D. Sawdey, Maria R. Cooper, Jan Birdsey, Andrenita West, Karen A. Cullen
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2024)

Current e-cigarette use among U.S. youth has declined considerably since 2019*; however, approximately 2.13 million youths used e-cigarettes in 2023 (1). As sales of nicotine pouches (small, dissolvable, flavored pouches containing nicotine derived from tobacco that users place in the mouth between the lip and gum)
Integration of Functional Polymers and Biosensors to Enhance Wound Healing
Authors: Proma Basu, Aihik Banerjee, Prince David Okoro, Arameh Masoumi, Baishali Kanjilal, Mohsen Akbari, Manuela Martins‐Green, David G. Armstrong, Iman Noshadi
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Abstract Biosensors have led to breakthroughs in the treatment of chronic wounds. Since the discovery of the oxygen electrode by Clarke, biosensors have evolved into the design of smart bandages that dispense drugs to treat wounds in response to physiological factors, such as pH or glucose concentration, which indicate pathogenic tendencies. Aptamer‐based biosensors have helped identify and characterize pathogenic bacteria in wounds that often form antibiotic‐resistant biofilms. Several functional polymers have served as indispensable parts of the fabrication of these biosensors. Beginning with natural polymers such as alginate, chitosan, and silk‐based fibroin, which are biodegradable and absorptive, advances have been made in formulating biocompatible synthetic polymers such as polyurethane and polyethylene glycol designed to reduce non‐specific binding of proteins and cells, making biosensors less painful or cumbersome for patient use. Recently, polycaprolactone has been developed, which offers ductility and a large surface‐area‐to‐volume ratio. There is still room for advances in the fabrication and use of biosensors for wound healing and in this review, the trend in developing biosensors from biomarker detection to smart dressings to the incorporation of machine learning in designing customized wound patches while making application easier is highlighted and can be used for a long time.
Contact Tracing for Mpox Clade II Cases Associated with Air Travel — United States, July 2021–August 2022
Authors: Kristin C. Delea, Tai-Ho Chen, Kayla Lavilla, Yonette Hercules, Shannon Gearhart, Leigh Ellyn Preston, Christine M. Hughes, Faisal S. Minhaj, Michelle A. Waltenburg, Brittany Sunshine, Agam K. Rao, Andrea M. McCollum, Kara Adams, Miguel Ocaña, Olubunmi Akinkugbe, Clive Brown, Francisco Alvarado-Ramy
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2024)

Monkeypox virus (MPXV) can spread among humans through direct contact with lesions, scabs, or saliva; via respiratory secretions; and indirectly from fomites; via percutaneous injuries; and by crossing the placenta to the fetus during pregnancy. Since 2022, most patients with mpox in the United States have experienced painful skin lesions, and some have had severe illness. During 2021-2022, CDC initiated aircraft contact investigations after receiving reports of travelers on commercial flights with probable or confirmed mpox during their infectious period. Data were collected 1) during 2021, when two isolated clade II mpox cases not linked to an outbreak were imported into the United States by international travelers and 2) for flights arriving in or traveling within the United States during April 30-August 2, 2022, after a global clade II mpox outbreak was detected in May 2022. A total of 113 persons (100 passengers and 13 crew members) traveled on 221 flights while they were infectious with mpox. CDC developed definitions for aircraft contacts based on proximity to mpox cases and flight duration, sent information about these contacts to U.S. health departments, and received outcome information for 1,046 (68%) of 1,538 contacts. No traveler was found to have acquired mpox via a U.S. flight exposure. For persons with mpox and their contacts who had departed from the United States, CDC forwarded contact information as well as details about the exposure event to destination countries to facilitate their own public health investigations. Findings from these aircraft contact investigations suggest that traveling on a flight with a person with mpox does not appear to constitute an exposure risk or warrant routine contact tracing activities. Nonetheless, CDC recommends that persons with mpox isolate and delay travel until they are no longer infectious.
Leptospirosis Outbreak in Aftermath of Hurricane Fiona — Puerto Rico, 2022
Authors: Forrest K. Jones, Abigail G. Medina, Kyle R. Ryff, Jessica Irizarry-Ramos, Joshua M. Wong, Eduardo O’Neill, Ismael A. Rodríguez, Iris Cardona, Lorena Hernández, Alfonso C. Hernandez-Romieu, Maile T. Phillips, Michael A. Johansson, Tesfaye Bayleyegn, Christine Atherstone, Katherine Roguski DeBord, María E. Negrón, Renee Galloway, Laura E. Adams, Melissa Marzán-Rodríguez
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2024)

Leptospirosis, an acute bacterial zoonotic disease, is endemic in Puerto Rico. Infection in approximately 10%-15% of patients with clinical disease progresses to severe, potentially fatal illness. Increased incidence has been associated with flooding in endemic areas around the world. In 2022, Hurricane Fiona, a Category 1 hurricane, made landfall and inundated Puerto Rico with heavy rainfall and severe flooding, increasing the risk for a leptospirosis outbreak. In response, the Puerto Rico Department of Health (PRDH) changed guidelines to make leptospirosis cases reportable within 24 hours, centralized the case investigation management system, and provided training and messaging to health care providers. To evaluate changes in risk for leptospirosis after Hurricane Fiona to that before the storm, the increase in cases was quantified, and patient characteristics and geographic distribution were compared. During the 15 weeks after Hurricane Fiona, 156 patients experienced signs and symptoms of leptospirosis and had a specimen with a positive laboratory result reported to PRDH. The mean weekly number of cases during this period was 10.4, which is 3.6 as high as the weekly number of cases during the previous 37 weeks (2.9). After Hurricane Fiona, the proportion of cases indicating exposure to potentially contaminated water increased from 11% to 35%, and the number of persons receiving testing increased; these factors likely led to the resulting overall surge in reported cases. Robust surveillance combined with outreach to health care providers after flooding events can improve leptospirosis case identification, inform clinicians considering early initiation of treatment, and guide public messaging to avoid wading, swimming, or any contact with potentially contaminated floodwaters.
Phase 3 study of gilteritinib versus salvage chemotherapy in predominantly Asian patients with relapsed/refractory FLT3-mutated acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Jianxiang Wang, Bin Jiang, Jian Li, Ligen Liu, Xin Du, Hao Jiang, Jianda Hu, Menghe Yuan, Taishi Sakatani, Takeshi Kadokura, Masato Takeuchi, Masanori Kosako, Xiao Ma, Larisa Girshova, Jerome Tan, Sergey Bondarenko, Lily Wong Lee Lee, Archrob Khuhapinant, Elena Martynova, Nahla Hasabou
Journal: Leukemia (2024)
<i>SETD1B</i> mutations confer apoptosis resistance and BCL2 independence in B cell lymphoma
Authors: Ana Portelinha, Shenqiu Wang, Sara Parsa, Man Jiang, Alexander N. Gorelick, Sagarajit Mohanty, Soumya Sharma, Elisa de Stanchina, Marjan Berishaj, Chunying Zhao, James Heward, Neeraj K. Aryal, Omid Tavana, Jiayu Wen, Jude Fitzgibbon, Ahmet Dogan, Anas Younes, Ari M. Melnick, Hans-Guido Wendel
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2024)

The translocation t(14;18) activates BCL2 and is considered the initiating genetic lesion in most follicular lymphomas (FL). Surprisingly, FL patients fail to respond to the BCL2 inhibitor, Venetoclax. We show that mutations and deletions affecting the histone lysine methyltransferase SETD1B (KMT2G) occur in 7% of FLs and 16% of diffuse large B cell lymphomas (DLBCL). Deficiency in SETD1B confers striking resistance to Venetoclax and an experimental MCL-1 inhibitor. SETD1B also acts as a tumor suppressor and cooperates with the loss of KMT2D in lymphoma development in vivo. Consistently, loss of SETD1B in human lymphomas typically coincides with loss of KMT2D. Mechanistically, SETD1B is required for the expression of several proapoptotic BCL2 family proteins. Conversely, inhibitors of the KDM5 histone H3K4 demethylases restore BIM and BIK expression and synergize with Venetoclax in SETD1B-deficient lymphomas. These results establish SETD1B as an epigenetic regulator of cell death and reveal a pharmacological strategy to augment Venetoclax sensitivity in lymphoma.
Bioinstructive Liquefied Pockets in Hierarchical Hydrogels and Bioinks
Authors: Maryam Ghasemzadeh‐Hasankolaei, Tiago R. Correia, João F. Mano
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Abstract This study proposes a novel, versatile, and modular platform for constructing porous and heterogeneous microenvironments based on the embedding of liquefied‐based compartments in hydrogel systems. Using a bottom‐up approach, microgels carrying the necessary cargo components, including cells and microparticles, are combined with a hydrogel precursor to fabricate a hierarchical structured (HS) system. The HS system possesses three key features that can be fully independently controlled: I) liquefied pockets enabling free cellular mobility; II) surface modified microparticles facilitating 3D microtissue organization inside the liquefied pockets; III) at a larger scale, the pockets are jammed in the hydrogel, forming a macro‐sized construct. After crosslinking, the embedded microgels undergo a liquefaction process, forming a porous structure that ensures high diffusion of small biomolecules and enables cells to move freely within their miniaturized compartmentalized volume. More importantly, this platform allows the creation of multimodular cellular microenvironments within a hydrogel with controlled macrostructures, while decoupling micro‐ and macroenvironments. As a proof of concept, the enhancement of cellular functions using the HS system by encapsulating human adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (hASCs) is successfully demonstrated. Finally, the potential application of this system as a hybrid bioink for bioprinting complex 3D structures is showcased.
Artificial intelligence estimated electrocardiographic age as a recurrence predictor after atrial fibrillation catheter ablation
Authors: Hanjin Park, Oh-Seok Kwon, Jaemin Shim, Daehoon Kim, Je-Wook Park, Yun-Gi Kim, Hee Tae Yu, Tae-Hoon Kim, Jae-Sun Uhm, Jong-Il Choi, Boyoung Joung, Moon-Hyoung Lee, Hui-Nam Pak
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2024)
Blood neurofilament light chain measurements in adults with CNS histiocytic neoplasms
Authors: Samantha A Banks, Paul Decker, Eoin P Flanagan, Anastasia Zekeridou, Ronald S Go, Jithma P Abeykoon, Gaurav Goyal, Jason R Young, Matthew J Koster, Robert Vassallo, Jay H Ryu, Caroline J Davidge-Pitts, Aishwarya Ravindran, Julio C Sartori Valinotti, N Nora Bennani, Mithun V Shah, Karen L Rech, Corrie R Bach, Jeanette E Eckel-Passow, W Oliver Tobin
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2024)
Response to Philips et al.: Several Fundamental Misconceptions about Evidence-Based Practice
Authors: Sophie Juul, Janus Christian Jakobsen, Emilie Hestbaek, Caroline Barkholt Kamp, Markus Harboe Olsen, Marie Rishede, Frederik Weischer Frandsen, Sune Bo, Stig Poulsen, Per Sørensen, Anthony Bateman, Sebastian Simonsen
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2024)
Omission of 5-Fluorouracil Bolus From Multidrug Regimens for Advanced Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Multicenter Cohort Study
Authors: Chengwei Peng, Saad Saffo, Paul E. Oberstein, Michael Shusterman, Charlene Thomas, Daniel J. Becker, Jordan D. Berlin, Lawrence P. Leichman, Ben Boursi, Anil B. Nagar, Shun Yu
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2024)

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a major component of gastrointestinal cancer treatments. In multidrug regimens such as FOLFOX, FOLFIRI, and FOLFIRINOX, 5-FU is commonly administered as a bolus followed by an infusion. However, the pharmacologic rationale for incorporating the 5-FU bolus in these regimens is unclear, and there are other effective regimens for gastrointestinal cancers that do not include the bolus. The purpose of this study was to determine whether omission of the 5-FU bolus was associated with a difference in survival and toxicity.