tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SGLT2 Inhibitors, Functional Capacity, and Quality of Life in Patients With Heart Failure
Authors: Michael Gao, Kirtipal Bhatia, Arjun Kapoor, Juan Badimon, Sean P. Pinney, Donna M. Mancini, Carlos G. Santos-Gallego, Anuradha Lala
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

Importance The associations of sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) with reduction in mortality and hospitalization rates in patients with heart failure (HF) are well established. However, their association with improving functional capacity and quality of life (QOL) has been variably studied and less reported. Objective To provide evidence on the extent to which SGLT2is are associated with improvement on objective measures of functional capacity and QOL in patients living with HF. Data Sources The MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases were systematically searched for relevant articles on July 31, 2023. Study Selection Randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials reporting the effect of SGLT2i on functional outcomes of exercise capacity (peak oxygen consumption [peak VO 2 ] or 6-minute walk distance [6MWD]) and/or QOL using validated questionnaires for patients with HF were included. Data Extraction and Synthesis Data were extracted by 2 authors following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines, and a meta-analysis using the restricted maximum likelihood random-effects model was conducted. Main Outcomes and Measures Outcomes of interest included changes in peak VO 2 , 6MWD, and Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire-12 total symptom score (KCCQ-TSS), clinical summary score (KCCQ-CSS), and overall summary score (KCCQ-OSS). Results In this meta-analysis of 17 studies, 23 523 patients (mean [range] age, 69 [60-75] years) were followed over a period ranging from 12 to 52 weeks. Four studies included peak VO 2 as an outcome, 7 studies included 6MWD, and 10 studies reported KCCQ scores. Mean (SD) left ventricular ejection fraction was 43.5% (12.4%). Compared with controls, patients receiving SGLT2i treatment experienced significant increases in peak VO 2 (mean difference [MD], 1.61 mL/kg/min; 95% CI, 0.59-2.63 mL/kg/min; P = .002) and 6MWD (MD, 13.09 m; 95% CI, 1.20-24.97 m; P = .03). SGLT2i use was associated with increased KCCQ-TSS (MD, 2.28 points; 95% CI, 1.74-2.81 points; P &amp;amp;lt; .001), KCCQ-CSS (MD, 2.14 points; 95% CI, 1.53-2.74 points; P &amp;amp;lt; .001), and KCCQ-OSS (MD, 1.90 points; 95% CI, 1.41-2.39 points; P &amp;amp;lt; .001) scores. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression demonstrated almost all improvements were consistent across ejection fraction, sex, and the presence of diabetes. Conclusions and Relevance These findings suggest that in addition to known clinical associations with mortality and hospitalization outcomes, SGLT2i use is associated with improvement in outcomes of interest to patients’ everyday lives as measured by objective assessments of maximal exercise capacity and validated QOL questionnaires, regardless of sex or ejection fraction.
FOLFIRI Plus Durvalumab With or Without Tremelimumab in Second-Line Treatment of Advanced Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma
Authors: David Tougeron, Laetitia Dahan, Ludovic Evesque, Karine Le Malicot, Farid El Hajbi, Thomas Aparicio, Olivier Bouché, Nathalie Bonichon Lamichhane, Benoist Chibaudel, Antoine Angelergues, Anaïs Bodere, Jean-Marc Phelip, May Mabro, Laure Kaluzinski, Caroline Petorin, Gilles Breysacher, Yves Rinaldi, Aziz Zaanan, Denis Smith, Marie-Claude Gouttebel, Clément Perret, Nicolas Etchepare, Jean-François Emile, Ivan Sanfourche, Frédéric Di Fiore, Côme Lepage, Pascal Artru, Christophe Louvet, Vincent HAUTEFEUILLE, Anne THIROT-BIDAULT, Rania BOUSTANY-GRENIER, Marjorie FAURE, Christophe DEBELLEIX, David TAVAN, Amr EL WESHI, You-Heng LAM, Denis PEZET, Marion BOLLIET, Ariane DARUT-JOUVE, Jean-François PAITEL, Aurélien CARNOT, Diane PANNIER, Valérie LE BRUN LY, Jérôme DESRAME, Julie GIGOUT, Philippe DOMINICI, Muriel DULUC, Emmanuelle NORGUET MONNEREAU, Christophe LOCHER, Morgan ANDRE, Eric FRANCOIS, Romain COHEN, Olivier DUBREUIL, Mostefa BENNAMOUN, Christophe LOUVET, Emilie SOULARUE, Eric TERREBONNE, Rayan ELFADEL, Aurélie FERRU, Damien BOTSEN, Romain DESGRIPPES, Thierry MURON, Asmahane BENMAZIANE-TEILLET, Thierry LECOMTE
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2024)

Efficacy of second-line chemotherapy in advanced gastric or gastrooesphageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma remains limited.
Noninvasive Airway Management of Comatose Patients With Acute Poisoning—Reply
Authors: Yonathan Freund, Ben Bloom
Journal: JAMA (2024)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Noninvasive Airway Management of Comatose Patients With Acute Poisoning
Authors: Romain Jouffroy, Raquel Tena, Benoît Vivien
Journal: JAMA (2024)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Benralizumab in severe eosinophilic asthma by previous biologic use and key clinical subgroups: real-world XALOC-1 programme
Authors: David J. Jackson, Girolamo Pelaia, Benjamin Emmanuel, Trung N. Tran, David Cohen, Vivian H. Shih, Anat Shavit, Douglas Arbetter, Rohit Katial, Adrian Paul J. Rabe, Esther Garcia Gil, Marisa Pardal, Javier Nuevo, Michael Watt, Silvia Boarino, Sheena Kayaniyil, Cláudia Chaves Loureiro, Alicia Padilla-Galo, Parameswaran Nair
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2024)

Background Pivotal phase 3 trials and real-world studies have demonstrated benralizumab's overall efficacy and safety in severe eosinophilic asthma (SEA). Additional large-cohort data are needed to confirm its real-world effectiveness in SEA according to previous biologic use and key baseline characteristics important for treatment selection. Methods XALOC-1 is a large, multinational, retrospective, observational, real-world study programme of benralizumab in adults with SEA. This 48-week integrated analysis assessed annualised exacerbation rate (AER), maintenance oral corticosteroid (mOCS) use, asthma symptom control and lung function during a 12-month baseline period and up to 48 weeks after benralizumab initiation. Subgroup analyses were based on previous biologic use and key baseline clinical characteristics (mOCS use, blood eosinophil count, exacerbation history, age at asthma diagnosis, fractional exhaled nitric oxide level and presence of atopy and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps). Results Out of 1002 patients analysed, 380 were biologic-experienced. At week 48, 71.3% were exacerbation-free ( versus 17.2% at baseline); relative reduction in AER was 82.7% overall and 72.9% in biologic-experienced patients; rates were maintained across all key clinical characteristic subgroups. Of patients using mOCS at baseline (n=274), 47.4% (130 out of 274) eliminated their use by week 48; the mean reduction from baseline in daily dose was 51.2% and, notably, 34.9% in biologic-experienced patients (n=115). Clinically significant improvements in asthma symptom control and lung function were observed. Conclusion In this large, real-world programme, SEA patients treated with benralizumab had substantial improvements in clinical outcomes irrespective of previous biologic use and key clinical characteristics important to therapeutic decision-making in clinical practice.
Errors in Abstract, Methods, Figure 2, and Supplement 1
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

were errors in the Abstract, Methods, Figure 2, and Supplement 1.In the Abstract, the age range for adolescents given as "12-17 years" should have been "13-17 years."In Methods, "up to 30 from 2013 to 2019" should have been "up to 30 from 2014 to 2019."In Figure 2, the title and caption were inaccurate.In Supplement 1, original eFigure 2 should have been eFigure 3 and vice versa.This article has been corrected. 1
Exercise Therapy for Post–COVID-19 Condition—Does No Harm
Authors: Peter Ladlow, Alexander N. Bennett, Oliver O’Sullivan
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

Andrea Tryfonos, PhD; Kaveh Pourhamidi, MD, PhD; Gustav Jörnåker, MSc; Martin Engvall, MD; Lisa Eriksson, MSc; Sara Elhallos, BSc; Nicole Asplund; Mirko Mandić, PhD; Patrik Sundblad, MD, PhD; Atif Sepic, MSc; Eric Rullman, MD, PhD; Lars Hyllienmark, MD, PhD; Helene Rundqvist, PhD; Tommy R. Lundberg, PhD; Thomas Gustafsson, MD, PhD
Social Isolation, Brain Food Cue Processing, Eating Behaviors, and Mental Health Symptoms
Authors: Xiaobei Zhang, Soumya Ravichandran, Gilbert C. Gee, Tien S. Dong, Hiram Beltrán-Sánchez, May C. Wang, Lisa A. Kilpatrick, Jennifer S. Labus, Allison Vaughan, Arpana Gupta
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

Importance Perceived social isolation is associated with negative health outcomes, including increased risk for altered eating behaviors, obesity, and psychological symptoms. However, the underlying neural mechanisms of these pathways are unknown. Objective To investigate the association of perceived social isolation with brain reactivity to food cues, altered eating behaviors, obesity, and mental health symptoms. Design, Setting, and Participants This cross-sectional, single-center study recruited healthy, premenopausal female participants from the Los Angeles, California, community from September 7, 2021, through February 27, 2023. Exposure Participants underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging while performing a food cue viewing task. Main Outcomes and Measures The main outcomes included brain reactivity to food cues, body composition, self-reported eating behaviors (food cravings, reward-based eating, food addiction, and maladaptive eating behaviors), and mental health symptoms (anxiety, depression, positive and negative affect, and psychological resilience). Results The study included 93 participants (mean [SD] age, 25.38 [7.07] years). Participants with higher perceived social isolation reported higher fat mass percentage, lower diet quality, increased maladaptive eating behaviors (cravings, reward-based eating, uncontrolled eating, and food addiction), and poor mental health (anxiety, depression, and psychological resilience). In whole-brain comparisons, the higher social isolation group showed altered brain reactivity to food cues in regions of the default mode, executive control, and visual attention networks. Isolation-related neural changes in response to sweet foods correlated with various altered eating behaviors and psychological symptoms. These altered brain responses mediated the connection between social isolation and maladaptive eating behaviors (β for indirect effect, 0.111; 95% CI, 0.013-0.210; P = .03), increased body fat composition (β, −0.141; 95% CI, −0.260 to −0.021; P = .02), and diminished positive affect (β, −0.089; 95% CI, −0.188 to 0.011; P = .09). Conclusions and Relevance These findings suggest that social isolation is associated with altered neural reactivity to food cues within specific brain regions responsible for processing internal appetite-related states and compromised executive control and attentional bias and motivation toward external food cues. These neural responses toward specific foods were associated with an increased risk for higher body fat composition, worsened maladaptive eating behaviors, and compromised mental health. These findings underscore the need for holistic mind-body–directed interventions that may mitigate the adverse health consequences of social isolation.
Noninvasive Airway Management of Comatose Patients With Acute Poisoning
Authors: Patrick Schober, Stephan Alexander Loer, Lothar Andreas Schwarte
Journal: JAMA (2024)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Symptoms before and after COVID-19: a population and case-control study using prospective data
Authors: Carole H. Sudre, Michela Antonelli, Nathan J. Cheetham, Erika Molteni, Liane S. Canas, Vicky Bowyer, Ben Murray, Khaled Rjoob, Marc Modat, Joan Capdevila Pujol, Christina Hu, Jonathan Wolf, Tim D. Spector, Alexander Hammers, Claire J. Steves, Sebastien Ourselin, Emma L. Duncan
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2024)

Background Some individuals experience prolonged illness after acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We assessed whether pre-infection symptoms affected post-acute COVID illness duration. Methods Survival analysis was performed in adults (n=23 452) with community-managed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection prospectively self-logging data through the ZOE COVID Symptom Study app, at least weekly, from 8 weeks before to 12 weeks after COVID-19 onset, conditioned on presence versus absence of baseline symptoms (4–8 weeks before COVID-19). A case–control study was performed in 1350 individuals with long illness (≥8 weeks, including 906 individuals (67.1%) with illness ≥12 weeks), matched 1:1 (for age, sex, body mass index, testing week, prior infection, vaccination, smoking, index of multiple deprivation) with 1350 individuals with short illness (&lt;4 weeks). Baseline symptoms were compared between the two groups, and against post-COVID symptoms. Results Individuals reporting baseline symptoms had longer COVID-related symptom duration (median 15 days versus 10 days for individuals without baseline symptoms) with baseline fatigue nearly doubling duration. Two-thirds (910 (67.4%) of 1350) of individuals with long illness were asymptomatic beforehand. However, 440 (32.6%) had baseline symptoms, versus 255 (18.9%) of 1350 individuals with short illness (p&lt;0.0001). Baseline symptoms doubled the odds ratio for long illness (2.14, 95% CI 1.78–2.57). Prior comorbidities were more common in individuals with long versus short illness. In individuals with long illness, baseline symptomatic ( versus asymptomatic) individuals were more likely to be female, younger, and have prior comorbidities; and baseline and post-acute symptoms, and symptom burden, correlated strongly. Conclusions Individuals experiencing symptoms before COVID-19 had longer illness duration and increased odds of long illness. However, many individuals with long illness were well before SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Impact of renal cell carcinoma molecular subtypes on immunotherapy and targeted therapy outcomes
Authors: Renée Maria Saliby, Chris Labaki, Tejas R. Jammihal, Wanling Xie, Maxine Sun, Valisha Shah, Eddy Saad, M. Harry Kane, Soki Kashima, Katherine Sadak, Talal El Zarif, Deepak Poduval, Robert J. Motzer, Thomas Powles, Brian I. Rini, Laurence Albiges, Sumanta K. Pal, Bradley A. McGregor, Rana R. McKay, Sabina Signoretti, Eliezer M. Van Allen, Sachet A. Shukla, Toni K. Choueiri, David A. Braun
Journal: Cancer Cell (2024)
Neonatal Elizabethkingia anophelis meningitis originating from the water reservoir of an automated infant milk dispenser, the Netherlands, February 2024
Authors: B Ruben Brandsema, Ger-Jan Fleurke, Sigrid Rosema, Eke MW Schins, Jelte Helfferich, Erik Bathoorn
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2024)

Elizabethkingia anophelis is a multidrug-resistant pathogen causing high mortality and morbidity in adults with comorbidities and neonates. We report a Dutch case of E. anophelis meningitis in a neonate, clonally related to samples taken from an automated infant milk dispenser located at the family’s residence. We inform about the emergence of E. anophelis and suggest molecular surveillance in hospitals and other health settings. This is the first case connecting an automated formula dispenser to an invasive infection in a neonate.
Small RNAs direct attack and defense mechanisms in a quorum sensing phage and its host
Authors: Marcel Sprenger, Malte Siemers, Sebastian Krautwurst, Kai Papenfort
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2024)

Many, if not all, bacteria use quorum sensing (QS) to control collective behaviors, and more recently, QS has also been discovered in bacteriophages (phages). Phages can produce communication molecules of their own, or "listen in" on the host's communication processes, to switch between lytic and lysogenic modes of infection. Here, we study the interaction of Vibrio cholerae with the lysogenic phage VP882, which is activated by the QS molecule DPO. We discover that induction of VP882 results in the binding of phage transcripts to the major RNA chaperone Hfq, which in turn outcompetes and downregulates host-encoded small RNAs (sRNAs). VP882 itself also encodes Hfq-binding sRNAs, and we demonstrate that one of these sRNAs, named VpdS, promotes phage replication by regulating host and phage mRNA levels. We further show that host-encoded sRNAs can antagonize phage replication by downregulating phage mRNA expression and thus might be part of the host's phage defense arsenal.
Persistent DNA Methylation Changes across the First Year of Life and Prenatal NO2 Exposure in a Canadian Prospective Birth Study
Authors: Samantha Lee, Hind Sbihi, Julia L. MacIsaac, Robert Balshaw, Amirthagowri Ambalavanan, Padmaja Subbarao, Piushkumar J. Mandhane, Theo J. Moraes, Stuart E. Turvey, Qingling Duan, Michael Brauer, Jeffrey R. Brook, Michael S. Kobor, Meaghan J. Jones
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2024)

Evidence suggests that prenatal air pollution exposure alters DNA methylation (DNAm), which could go on to affect long-term health. It remains unclear whether DNAm alterations present at birth persist through early life. Identifying persistent DNAm changes would provide greater insight into the molecular mechanisms contributing to the association of prenatal air pollution exposure with atopic diseases.
Role of durotomy on function outcome, tissue sparing, inflammation, and tissue stiffness after spinal cord injury in rats
Authors: Chen Jin, Kaiwei Wang, Yilong Ren, Yi Li, Zhanwei Wang, Liming Cheng, Ning Xie
Journal: MedComm (2024)

Abstract Currently, there is a lack of effective treatments for spinal cord injury (SCI), a debilitating medical condition associated with enduring paralysis and irreversible neuronal damage. Extradural decompression of osseous as well as soft tissue components has historically been the principal objective of surgical procedures. Nevertheless, this particular surgical procedure fails to tackle the intradural compressive alterations that contribute to secondary SCI. Here, we propose an early intrathecal decompression strategy and evaluate its role on function outcome, tissue sparing, inflammation, and tissue stiffness after SCI. Durotomy surgery significantly promoted recovery of hindlimb locomotor function in an open‐field test. Radiological analysis suggested that lesion size and tissue edema were significantly reduced in animals that received durotomy. Relative to the group with laminectomy alone, the animals treated with a durotomy had decreased cavitation, scar formation, and inflammatory responses at 4 weeks after SCI. An examination of the mechanical properties revealed that durotomy facilitated an expeditious restoration of the injured tissue's elastic rigidity. In general, early decompressive durotomy could serve as a significant strategy to mitigate the impairments caused by secondary injury and establish a more conducive microenvironment for prospective cellular or biomaterial transplantation.