tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prioritisation of infectious diseases from a public health perspective: a multi-criteria decision analysis study, France, 2024
Authors: Dominique Ploin, Mathilde Alexandre, Bruno Ventelou, Didier Che, Bruno Coignard, Nathalie Boulanger, Christophe Burucoa, François Caron, Pierre Gallian, Yves Hansmann, Christian Lienhardt, Philippe Minodier, Henri Partouche, Matthieu Revest, Nadia Saidani, Gilles Salvat, Nicolas Vignier, Sylvie Floreani, Sabine Henry, Bruno Pozzetto, Bruno Hoen
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2024)

Background Within the International Health Regulations framework, the French High Council for Public Health was mandated in 2022 by health authorities to establish a list of priority infectious diseases for public health, surveillance and research in mainland and overseas France. Aim Our objective was to establish this list. Methods A multi-criteria decision analysis was used, as recommended by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. A list of 95 entities (infectious diseases or groups of these, including the World Health Organization (WHO)-labelled ‘Disease X’) was established by 17 infectious disease experts. Ten criteria were defined to score entities: incidence rate, case fatality rate, potential for emergence and spread, impact on the individual, on society, on socially vulnerable groups, on the healthcare system, and need for new preventive tools, new curative therapies, and surveillance. Each criterion was assigned a relative weight by 77 multidisciplinary experts. For each entity, 98 physicians from various specialties rated each criterion against the entity, using a four-class Likert-type scale; the ratings were converted into numeric values with a nonlinear scale and respectively weighted to calculate the entity score. Results Fifteen entities were ranked as high-priorities, including Disease X and 14 known pathologies (e.g. haemorrhagic fevers, various respiratory viral infections, arboviral infections, multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, invasive meningococcal and pneumococcal diseases, prion diseases, rabies, and tuberculosis). Conclusion The priority entities agreed with those of the WHO in 2023; almost all were currently covered by the French surveillance and alert system. Repeating this analysis periodically would keep the list updated.
Antigenic changes in influenza A(H3N2) driven by genetic evolution: Insights from virological surveillance, EU/EEA, week 40/2023 to week 9/2024
Authors: Eeva K Broberg, Maja Vukovikj, Olov Svartström, Iris Hasibra, Maximilian Riess, Angeliki Melidou
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2024)

Background During the 2023/24 influenza season in the European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA), influenza viruses A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2) and B/Victoria viruses were co-circulating. Aim We aimed to describe the circulating influenza viruses by (sub)type, genetic clade, antigenic group and antiviral susceptibility in that season in the EU/EEA. Methods We collected surveillance data from EU/EEA countries through weekly submissions to The European Surveillance System (TESSy). Data were submitted in strain-based format for weeks 40/2023 to 9/2024. Results Twenty-nine EU/EEA countries reported 154,718 influenza virus detections (primary care sentinel and non-sentinel combined), of which 97% (150,692) were type A and 3% (4,026) were type B. Of the subtyped influenza A viruses, 30,463 (75%) were influenza A(H1)pdm09 and 10,174 (25%) were influenza A(H3). For 809 (20%) of the type B viruses, the lineage was determined; all were B/Victoria/2/87 lineage, and none were B/Yamagata/16/88 lineage. Genetic diversification of seasonal influenza viruses continued, and clade 5a.2a of A(H1N1)pdm09, 2a.3a.1 of A(H3N2) and V1A.3a.2 of B/Victoria-lineage viruses dominated. Of the A(H3N2) 2a.3a.1 viruses, 23% were antigenically distinct from the 2023/24 vaccine virus. Conclusion The 2023/24 influenza season was characterised by co-circulation of different influenza (sub)types, antigenically similar to the components recommended for the 2023/24 northern hemisphere vaccine, A/Victoria/4897/2022 (egg-based) and A/Wisconsin/67/2022 (cell culture- or recombinant-based). However, genetic diversification of the viruses continued. The World Health Organization’s vaccine recommendations for the northern hemisphere 2024/25 season were updated to include a new A(H3N2) component, while maintaining the current A(H1N1)pdm09 and B/Victoria components.
Incidence, case fatality, and functional outcome of intracerebral haemorrhage, according to age, sex, and country income level: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Axel Wolsink, Maaike P Cliteur, Charlotte J van Asch, Hieronymus D Boogaarts, Ruben Dammers, Gerjon Hannink, Floris H B M Schreuder, Catharina J M Klijn
Journal: The Lancet Regional Health - Europe (2024)
Lessons for local oversight of AI in medicine from the regulation of clinical laboratory testing
Authors: Daniel S. Herman, Jenna T. Reece, Gary E. Weissman
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2024)

Current regulatory frameworks for artificial intelligence-based clinical decision support (AICDS) are insufficient to ensure safety, effectiveness, and equity at the bedside. The oversight of clinical laboratory testing, which requires federal- and hospital-level involvement, offers many instructive lessons for how to balance safety and innovation and warnings regarding the fragility of this balance. We propose an AICDS oversight framework, modeled after clinical laboratory regulation, that is deliberative, inclusive, and collaborative.
Non-invasive assessment of portal hypertension in patients with primary biliary cholangitis is affected by severity of cholestasis
Authors: Vincenza Calvaruso, Ciro Celsa, Laura Cristoferi, Miki Scaravaglio, Rachel Smith, Senamjit Kaur, Gabriele Di Maria, Luigi Capodicasa, Grazia Pennisi, Alessio Gerussi, Eugenia Nofit, Federica Malinverno, Pietro Lampertico, Nora Cazzagon, Marco Marzioni, Umberto Vespasiani-Gentilucci, Francesca Colapietro, Pietro Andreone, Ana Lleo De Nalda, Cristina Rigamonti, Mauro Viganò, Edoardo Giovanni Giannini, Maurizio Russello, Ester Vanni, Federica Cerini, Alessia Orlandini, Maurizia Brunetto, Grazia Anna Niro, Giovanni Vettori, Antonino Castellaneta, Vincenzo Cardinale, Domenico Alvaro, Andrea Mega, Valeria Pace Palitti, Valentina Cossiga, Filomena Morisco, Federico Bellanti, Leonardo Baiocchi, Luca Fabris, Marcello Persico, Elisabetta Degasperi, Sara Labanca, Emanuela Bonaiuto, Francesco Pezzato, Alessandro Federico, Salvatore Petta, Vito Di Marco, George F Mells, Emma Culver, Pietro Invernizzi, Calogero Cammà, Marco Carbone
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2024)
A new generation of non-invasive tests of liver fibrosis with improved accuracy in MASLD
Authors: Paul Calès, Clémence M Canivet, Charlotte Costentin, Adrien Lannes, Frédéric Oberti, Isabelle Fouchard, Gilles Hunault, Victor de Lédinghen, Jérôme Boursier
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2024)
Local cell therapy using CCL19-expressing allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells exerts robust antitumor effects by accumulating CD103<sup>+</sup>IL-12-producing dendritic cells and priming CD8<sup>+</sup>T cells without involving draining lymph nodes
Authors: Yuichi Iida, Mamoru Harada
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2024)

Background Immune checkpoint blockade is a promising anticancer therapy, whereas the presence of T cells in tumor sites is indispensable for its therapeutic efficacy. To promote the infiltration of T cells and dendritic cells (DCs) into the tumor, we previously proposed a local cell therapy using chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 19 (CCL19)-expressing immortalized syngeneic immortalized mesenchymal stem cells (syn-iMSC/CCL19). However, the preparation of syngeneic/autologous MSC from individual hosts limits the clinical application of this cell therapy. Methods In this study, we further developed a new cell therapy using allogeneic iMSC/CCL19 (allo-iMSC/CCL19) using several tumor mice models. Results The allo-iMSC/CCL19 therapy exerted drastic antitumor effects, in which the host’s T cells were induced to respond to allogeneic MSC. In addition, the allo-iMSC/CCL19 therapy promoted the infiltration of CD103 + interleukin (IL)-12-producing DCs and priming of CD8 + T cells at tumor sites compared with that using syn-iMSC/CCL19. The antitumor effect of allo-iMSC/CCL19 therapy was not influenced by fingolimod, a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator, implying no involvement of draining lymph nodes in the priming of tumor-specific T cells. Conclusion These results suggest that allo-iMSC/CCL19 therapy exerts dramatic antitumor effects by promoting the infiltration of CD103 + IL-12-producing DCs and thereby priming tumor-specific CD8 + T cells at tumor sites. This local cell therapy could be a promising approach to anticancer therapy, particularly for overcoming dysfunction in the cancer-immunity cycle.
18F-DCFPyL in the Detection of Prostate Cancer Spread to the Lumbosacral Plexus
Authors: Silmara R. Segala, Duncan Sutherland, Glenn Bauman, Brandon Driscoll, Joseph Chin, Jonathan Romsa, Katherine A Zukotynski
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

In most cases, prostate cancer spreads locally to the seminal vesicles, via lymphatics to pelvic and abdominal lymph nodes, and hematogenously to the bones. Direct invasion along nerve roots is exceptionally rare but can occur. Here, we present a case with 18F-DCFPyL PET/CT images showing neoplastic involvement of the lumbosacral plexus in a patient with recurrent prostate cancer.
Pineal Gland Activity in Advanced-Stage Pediatric Neuroblastoma Patients on 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT
Authors: Emine Goknur Isik, Dilara Denizmen, Dilşad Fırat Arslan, Duygu Has Simsek, Zeynep Gözde Özkan
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

Neuroblastoma is the most common malignancy in infants and the most common extracranial solid tumor accounting for approximately 6% of pediatric cancer. Although surgical intervention serves as the primary treatment for early-stage disease, advanced-stage cases necessitate a variety of oncologic therapeutic approaches, including 131I-MIBG and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy. Herein we report incidental pineal gland activity, represented in 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT (SSTR-PET) in 3 pediatric patients diagnosed with stage 4 neuroblastoma, related to the physiological distribution of radiopharmaceuticals.
Dual-Time Point 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT Improves Tumor Delineation and Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis Identification in Patients With Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Yaqun Jiang, Shuo Huang, Yueli Tian, Diankui Xing, Zhiwei Xiao, Jianying Huang, Yong He
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the benefit of dual-time point 68 Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT in staging head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Patients and Methods Sixty-nine treatment-naive patients with HNSCC were enrolled. Each patient underwent whole-body 68 Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT at approximately 30 minutes postinjection and a delayed scan in head and neck region at 2 hours. Radiotracer uptake (SUV max ), tumor-to-background ratio, change in SUV max (∆SUV max ), retention index, diagnostic performance, and staging were explored. Histopathology was the reference standard. Results Primary tumors showed similar average SUV max between early (17.89) and delayed scans (17.86, P = 0.241). However, the tumor-to-background ratios of delayed imaging were all significantly higher than those of early imaging (all P &lt; 0.001). In 38 patients who underwent neck dissection, metastatic lymph nodes showed higher mean SUV max on delayed imaging than on early imaging (early 10.53 ± 5.98 vs delayed 11.71 ± 6.36, P &lt; 0.001), whereas nonmetastatic lymph nodes showed the opposite result (early 3.51 ± 0.51 vs delayed 2.58 ± 0.63, P = 0.002). The mean ∆SUV max and retention index of metastatic and nonmetastatic lymph nodes were 1.19 versus −0.93 and 12.79% versus −26.55%, respectively. N staging was correctly altered in 3 (3/38) patients based on delayed images. Conclusions Delayed 68 Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT can effectively acquire high-contrast images, better tumor delineation, and detect hidden lesions near or within the tissues influenced by physiological uptake for HNSCC. In addition, dual-time point imaging adds diagnostic value for the differentiation of metastatic from nonmetastatic lymph nodes.
Structurally Diverse Gelatin‐Based Electrospun Membranes for Ultrasound Imaging
Authors: Lingcong Zeng, Dandan Kang, Linglin Zhu, Deng‐Guang Yu, Wenliang Song
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Nanofiber membranes, produced through electrospinning, offer significant promise in the biomedical field due to their large surface area and strong mechanical properties. Their versatility is evident across applications such as drug delivery, wound healing, filtration, catalysis, and heritage conservation. However, the potential of electrospun membranes for advanced biomedical uses, like medical ultrasonic couplants, remains largely untapped. Current ultrasonic couplants have notable limitations, often failing to meet clinical needs and affecting patient comfort during diagnostics. To address this, gelatin/polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber membranes with various fibrous structures are developed and characterized, specifically designed for B-mode ultrasonography. Through multi-fluid electrospinning, three distinct nanofiber structures with average diameters of 325 ± 6.172, 349 ± 9.189, and 361 ± 2.117 nm are created. Electron microscopy confirmed these membranes' uniformity and smooth, hydrophilic surfaces. After crosslinking, the membranes exhibited enhanced mechanical strength and biodegradability. In ultrasound imaging trials, these nanofibers demonstrated superior clarity compared to commonly used polymer materials, revealing detailed body part structures. This study highlights the critical role of diverse nanofiber membranes in ultrasound imaging and positions them as promising alternatives to conventional couplants, with the potential to revolutionize ultrasound diagnostics and therapeutic practices.
Efficacy and Safety of Obinutuzumab in Immune‐Mediated Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Authors: Julia Weisinger, Raïda Bouzid, Jehane Fadlallah, Christelle Barbet, Francois Provot, Pascale Poullin, Antoine Neel, Manon Marie, Virginie Rieu, Tarik Kanouni, Olivier Moranne, Elie Azoulay, Zora Marjanovic, Elise Corre, Anne‐Christine Joly, Minh‐Tam Baylatry, Bérangère S. Joly, Agnes Veyradier, Paul Coppo
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2024)
Electroconductive Nanocellulose, a Versatile Hydrogel Platform: From Preparation to Biomedical Engineering Applications
Authors: Myoung Joon Jeon, Aayushi Randhawa, Hojin Kim, Sayan Deb Dutta, Keya Ganguly, Tejal V. Patil, Jieun Lee, Rumi Acharya, Hyeonseo Park, Youjin Seol, Ki‐Taek Lim
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Abstract Nanocelluloses have garnered significant attention recently in the attempt to create sustainable, improved functional materials. Nanocellulose possesses wide varieties, including rod‐shaped crystalline cellulose nanocrystals and elongated cellulose nanofibers, also known as microfibrillated cellulose. In recent times, nanocellulose has sparked research into a wide range of biomedical applications, which vary from developing 3D printed hydrogel to preparing structures with tunable characteristics. Owing to its multifunctional properties, different categories of nanocellulose, such as cellulose nanocrystals, cellulose nanofibers, and bacterial nanocellulose, as well as their unique properties are discussed here. Here, different methods of nanocellulose‐based hydrogel preparation are covered, which include 3D printing and crosslinking methods. Subsequently, advanced nanocellulose‐hydrogels addressing conductivity, shape memory, adhesion, and structural color are highlighted. Finally, the application of nanocellulose‐based hydrogel in biomedical applications is explored here. In summary, numerous perspectives on novel approaches based on nanocellulose‐based research are presented here.
Head-to-Head Comparison of 68Ga-DOTATATE and 18F-FDG PET in EBV-Positive Nonkeratinizing Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Mengfang Qi, Ping Zhou, Shuhui Huang, Minggang Su, Xingchen Peng, Rui Huang
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

The aim of this study was to compare the clinical application value of 68Ga-DOTATATE and 18F-FDG PET/CT in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive nonkeratinizing nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Application of Adipose Extracellular Matrix and Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites for Spinal Cord Injury Repair
Authors: Kest Verstappen, Lara Bieler, Nathalie Barroca, Ewald M. Bronkhorst, Sébastien Couillard‐Després, Sander C.G. Leeuwenburgh, Paula A.A.P. Marques, Alexey Klymov, X. Frank Walboomers
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Abstract Graphene‐based materials (GBMs) hold strong promise to restore the spinal cord microenvironment and promote functional recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI). Nanocomposites consisting of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and adipose tissue‐derived extracellular matrix (adECM) are known to promote neuronal growth in vitro and to evoke a biocompatible response in vivo when implanted on top of the intact spinal cord. In this study, pristine adECM and adECM‐rGO nanocomposites are implanted directly after hemisection SCI in rats. Scaffolds composed of collagen type I (COL) are applied as negative control, based on evidence that COL triggers integrin‐mediated astrogliosis. However, COL scaffolds induce orthotopic bone formation in the lesion site and are therefore excluded from further analyses. Compared to pristine adECM, adECM‐rGO nanocomposites completely restore spinal cord integrity. Macrophage‐mediated uptake and clearance of rGO remnants is observed as early as 3 weeks post‐implantation. Nanocomposites show an elevated presence of βIII‐tubulin‐positive axons in the host‐material interface after 8 weeks, yet scaffold penetration by axons is only occasionally observed. This is partially due to an increased expression of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) within the nanocomposites, even though reactive astrogliosis is unaltered. Despite the complete restoration of tissue architecture, adECM‐rGO treatment does not significantly improve functional recovery.
Beyond the Standard Meal
Authors: Madison K. Wulfeck, Phil Ramis, Andrew Hillman, Patrick Nielsen, Eric M. Rohren
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

Standardized guidelines for meals used in adult gastric emptying studies (GES) have been available since 2009; however, there is still great variability in the diets that are clinically used in these studies. The purpose of this retrospective study is to perform an observational analysis of GES meals that are used within a national radiology practice to assess for compliance. It is hypothesized that despite having well-validated standardized meal protocols, there remains great variability in its use and interpretation.
A Rare Case of High-Grade Fetal Adenocarcinoma of the Lung Demonstrated by 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Ling Xu, Yule Nan, Jingbo Wu, Aisheng Dong, Tong Lu
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

An 85-year-old non-smoking woman with right back pain for 1 month underwent a chest CT, which showed a mass with a maximum diameter of 12.2 cm in the upper lobe of right lung. The lesion demonstrated heterogeneous uptake on FDG PET scanning. The final pathology of the lung mass was a high-grade fetal adenocarcinoma of the lung, which was a rare histological form of malignant lung neoplasm. This case revealed the glucose avidity of the rare lung cancer.
Pyomyositis Due to a Rare Fungal Infection—Findings on 68Ga-NOTA UBI PET/CT
Authors: Shubha Gadde Ravindra, Nishikant Avinash Damle, Pyata Vikram Babu, Danveer Bhadu, Gagandeep Singh
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

Abstract It is very rare to see fungal arthritis and pyomyositis in immunocompetent patients. Here, we report a case of Scedosporium infection in an immunocompetent patient with interesting 18 F-FDG PET/CT and 68 Ga-NOTA UBI PET/CT findings.
Clinical Value of 18F-(2S,4R)-4-Fluoroglutamine PET/CT in Glioma
Authors: Xiaoxia Xu, Heqian Zhao, Futao Liu, Qing Xie, Jianhua Yang, Shouwei Li, Zhi Yang
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

Propose The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical application value of 18 F-FGln PET/CT in glioma. Patients and Methods Patients with suspected gliomas by MRI were included in this study. Static and/or dynamic brain 18 F-FGln PET/CT was performed. The PET parameters SUV max , SUV mean , MTV, and TLG were evaluated. Results Twenty-three patients were included in the analysis. Nineteen of 23 patients were positive for 18 F-FGln PET. The SUV max of high- and low-grade gliomas were 4.75 ± 2.21 and 1.00 ± 0.66 ( P &lt; 0.001), respectively. FGln-PET SUV max , SUV mean , and TLG all showed statistically significant correlations with glioma grade, with correlation coefficients ( r ) of 0.667 ( P &lt; 0.001), 0.693 ( P &lt; 0.001), and 0.487 ( P = 0.021), respectively. Additionally, the SUV max , SUV mean , and TLG exhibited higher distinguishing performance for glioma grade by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of SUV max , SUV mean , and TLG were 0.976 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.918–1) ( P = 0.002), 0.976 (95% CI, 0.918–1) ( P = 0.002), and 0.835 (95% CI, 0.628–1.000) ( P = 0.026), respectively. For glioma isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation status, the SUV max of IDH wildtype and mutant glioma were 2.95 ± 1.99 and 6.13 ± 2.16 ( P = 0.005), respectively. The SUV mean and SUV max had good-to-satisfactory performance for IDH status with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of SUV max and SUV mean of 0.885 (95% CI, 0.734–1.000) ( P = 0.009) and 0.942 (95% CI, 0.828–1) ( P = 0.002). Conclusions Although we do not assert that 18 F-FGln PET/CT imaging is satisfactory in the differential diagnosis of glioma, we revealed its potential for identifying the stage of gliomas and the IDH mutation status and propose that glutamine-based PET imaging enables the assessment of metabolic nutrient uptake of gliomas to assist clinical diagnosis and treatment of patients.
Pre‐Clinical Assessment of Bupivacaine‐Loaded Poly(ester urea) Thin Films for Controlled Drug Release and Effective Pain Management After Surgery
Authors: Natasha C. Stinson, Yutaka Matsuoka, Anshu Agarwal, Courtney S. Dziewior, Samantha M. McDonald, Yize Li, Kacey Godwin, Ru‐Rong Ji, Matthew L. Becker
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Safe, effective pain management remains one of the biggest challenges following surgical procedures. Despite widespread recognition of this problem and advances in the mechanistic understanding of pain signaling, post-surgical pain is often undermanaged, with opioid use remaining the clinical standard. As an alternative to current oral, systemic treatments, a degradable bupivacaine-loaded poly(ester urea) (PEU) thin film has been developed to deliver bupivacaine directly to the site of injury over an extended duration. The dose and duration of bupivacaine delivery is controlled using polymer composition and bupivacaine concentration. Systemic bupivacaine concentrations are more than an order of magnitude lower when delivered locally versus intravenous injection. Tissue analysis showed that the majority of bupivacaine is deposited into subcutaneous tissue directly surrounding the implant. Bupivacaine concentration in soft tissue around the implant are 30-fold higher than plasma values, indicating that release from PEU implants remains localized. Bupivacaine-loaded PEU films are assessed into two established mouse models for diabetic neuropathic pain and post-surgical incisional pain. In each model, bupivacaine eluting PEU films effectively block pain for 3-5 days before returning to baseline levels without loss of motor function and without signs of neurotoxicity.