tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC ULCERATIVE COLITIS WITH SULFANILAMIDE
Authors: E. N. Collins
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1940)

Article1 July 1940THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC ULCERATIVE COLITIS WITH SULFANILAMIDEE. N. COLLINS, M.D., F.A.C.P.E. N. COLLINS, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-14-1-55 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptDuring the past three years, sulfanilamide and its derivatives, such as neoprontosil and more recently sulfapyridine, have been used in the treatment of chronic ulcerative colitis. In this disease several types of organisms are commonly isolated from rectal scrapings and stools. When the same types of organisms are the cause of disease in other parts of the body, the use of the chemotherapeutic agents mentioned has proved valuable in certain instances. Therefore, it seems logical that patients having chronic ulcerative colitis, a serious and disabling disease, should be given the benefit of a trial on this form of therapy.In...References1. BARGEN JA: The management of colitis, 1935, National Medical Book Co., Inc., New York. Google Scholar2. BUIE LA: Practical proctology, 1938, W. B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia, p. 300-301. Google Scholar3. BROWNHERRELLBARGEN AEWEJA: Neoprontosil (oral) in the treatment of chronic ulcerative colitis, ANN. INT. MED., 1939, xiii, 700-714. Google Scholar4. MCGINTYLEWISHOLTZCLAW PGTMR: Symptoms occurring with sulfanilamide relieved by nicotinic acid, Jr. Med. Assoc. Georgia, 1939, xxviii, 54. Google Scholar5. COLLINS EN: Use of sulfanilamide in treatment of chronic ulcerative colitis; preliminary report of 11 cases, Cleveland Clin. Quart., 1938, v, 161-169. CrossrefGoogle Scholar6. COLLINS EN: Chronic ulcerative colitis; sulfanilamide and other factors in its management, Surg. Clin. North Am., 1939, xix, 1089-1103. Google Scholar7. JONES TE: Surgical treatment of ulcerative colitis, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1938, cxi, 2076-2078. CrossrefGoogle Scholar8. KIEFER ED: Clinical results in the medical treatment of chronic ulcerative colitis, Am. Jr. Digest. Dis. and Nutr., 1936, iii, 56-59. CrossrefGoogle Scholar9. MACKIE TT: Medical management of chronic ulcerative colitis, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1938, cxi, 2071-2076. CrossrefGoogle Scholar10. WILLARDPESSELHUNDLEYBOCKUS JHJFJWHL: Prognosis of ulcerative colitis, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1938, cxi, 2078-2084. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Cleveland, Ohio*Read at the Cleveland meeting of the American College of Physicians, April 3, 1940. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1940Volume 14, Issue 1Page: 55-64KeywordsAnal and rectal disordersChemotherapeutic agentsUlcerative colitis Issue Published: 1 July 1940 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Abstract 18191: Atrial Fibrillation: Possible Risk Factor of Senile Pulmonary Fibrosis?
Authors: Caie Wu, Yifang Guo
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF), usually occurred in the aged. Some possible risk factors are associated with IPF, like gastroesophageal reflux. However, there is hardly a complete explanation of the pathophysiological mechanisms of IPF, presenting some unrecognized risk factors could help studying the pathogenesis of IPF. Hypothesis: Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension patients share the same Image features and clinical manifestations of advanced secondary pulmonary changes with those of IPF patients. Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension patients with similar secondary pulmonary changes and without clear thrombus are easily misdiagnosed as IPF . Studies have shown that right ventricular thrombosis resulted from atrial fibrillation is one of the causes of chronic recurrent pulmonary embolism, We assessed the hypothesis that atrial fibrillation be associated with Senile IPF. Methods: Selected IPF patients aged ≥65 years old . 43 of them are without related risk factors. Other 43 IPFpatients are with the related risk factors,43 patients (Control group), without pulmonary fibrosis or related risk factors. We recorded the time of atrial fibrillation’s first happening, seizure frequency, and D-dimer levels when atrial fibrillation occurring,and the use of anticoagulant medication, the range of pulmonary fibrosis by high-resolution CT, and analysized the correlation between those and the range of pulmonary fibrosis . Results: Comparing the incidence and duration of first diagnosed of atrial fibrillation, there was a significant statistical difference between the IPFpatients without known risk factors and those with known related risk factors, or the control group (all P&lt;0.0001). the range of pulmonary fibrosis of IPF patients was correlated with happening of atrial fibrillation, frequency of increased D-dimer levels positively, and used of anticoagulant medication negatively. Conclusion: In conclusion, atrial fibrillation can be considered one possible risk factor for senile IPF, and chronic pulmonary embolism may be atrial fibrillation’s pathological pathway leading towards IPF. Antithrombotic therapy should be used among the aged patients who suffer atrial fibrillation and pulmonary fibrosis.
Grand Rounds--Hammersmith Hospital: Meningeal granulomas: sarcoidosis or tuberculosis?
Authors: P R Jarman
Journal: BMJ (1995)

solution and insist that the problem be solved by the general managers rather than through the agreed structure.This, however, would have undermined the principles on which the structure had been based.Four major difficulties still remain: * The demands on the time ofthe chiefexecutive * The demands on the time of the clinical directors and their specialty colleagues * The perceived interruption of the career paths of the general managers * The potential tensions arising from functional directors, such as finance, delegating responsibility to clinicians and not traditional managers.The organisation is now far better placed to under- take major projects and initiatives than it was before: decisions are multidimensional and largely consensual, and managers and clinicians work in harmony together.The clinical directors are not disenfranchised but are an essential part of the decision making process in the trust.They are readily accepted by their consultant colleagues as acting in the clinical interests of patients.We believe that the strengths of our clinical director- ate model of management, with its direct access to the chief executive, lead to realistic and robust decisions which minimise disruption to the services, make for faster decision making, and maximise benefits to patient care.There are several lessons to be learnt from the experiences outlined above as they affected Frenchay Healthcare Trust.We believe that this system of management has allowed decisiols concerning the future of the services Key point summary * Strategic direction needs to be established early, determining what is to be provided and how this is to be achieved * Flexibility is important: the identification of strengths and weaknesses, and threats and opportunities for the directorate needs to be part ofthe business plan * A clinical directorate model of management, with direct access to the chief executive, mini- mises disruption to service provision, while maximising patient care * The effectiveness of a clinical directorate depends on being given real responsibility and on good support systems provided and their current performance and potential to be taken by the clinical staff and managers working together to achieve a common goal.It has allowed a synergy to prosper between the aims and objectives of these two groups of staff that is changing the culture of the organisation.It has focused on the importance of decisions being taken by staff with a shared perspective, particularly in times of change.
Ventilatory changes induced by obesity
Authors: Cláudia Guerreiro, Elisabete Patricio, Paula Viegas, Teresa Salgado, Isabel Ruivo, Ulisses Brito
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Introduction:Obesity is responsible for changes in respiratory mechanics.Bariatric surgery reduces the impact of co-morbidities associated with obesity.

Objectives:To evaluate the effect of obesity on lung function using pulmonary function testing (PFT)and arterial blood gases(ABG).Methods:We conducted a prospective and comparative study of pulmonary function and gas exchange before and after bariatric surgery.Results:During the study period,73 patients underwent bariatric surgery.Of these,59 agreed to repeat the PFT after the procedure.From those,81.4% were female.The average age was 44.8±11.4 years.Forty-eight subjects (81.4%) had a BMI> 40Kg/m2 before surgery.All patients underwent spirometry,55 patients were also evaluated with ABG and 18 had done plethysmography.At baseline,35.6% had normal PFT.The most frequent change was the reduction of the Maximal Expiratory Flow at 25% of Forced Vital Capacity(MEF25)in 61% of cases.Twenty nine percent had hypoxemia prior to surgery.Regarding spirometric evaluation we found an average increase of:241±300ml in Forced Vital Capacity (p<0,0001);296±242ml in Forced Expiratory Volume at the first second (p<0,0001);461±986ml in Peak Expiratory Flow(p=0.001) as well as in MEF25,50 and 75 with an average increase of 438ml, 508ml and 481ml respectively (p<0.0001)after surgery.These changes were accompanied by an average increase of 6.27±15.56 mmHg in partial pressure of oxygen,as well as an average increase of 146±340ml in Expiratory Reserve Volume (p=0.001).It was shown that there is a positive correlation between weight loss and increase in FEV1, MEF50 and MEF25.Conclusion:Although 93% of our sample still maintains BMI ≥25Kg/m2 there was a significant improvement in pulmonary function and gas exchange.
Dasatinib (BMS-354825) Has Increased Activity Against Bcr-Abl Compared to Imatinib in Primary CML Cells In Vitro, but Does Not Eradicate Quiescent CML Stem Cells.
Authors: Mhairi Copland, Ashley Hamilton, Janet W. Baird, Martin Barow, Elaine K. Allan, Lucy J. Elrick, Tessa L. Holyoake
Journal: Blood (2005)
Clinical Diabetes: Translating Research into Practice
Authors: Vivian A. Fonseca
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2007)

Background * Introduction/Scope of the problem-The Diabetes/ Metabolic Epidemic * Type I Diabetes-Genetics and Immunology * Type 2 Diabetes-Insulin Resistance, Beta Cell Dysfunction and Other Metabolic/Hormonal Abnormalities * Biochemical Consequences of Hyperglycemia, PKC, Aldose Reductase, DAG, Oxidative Stress, etc * Pathogenesis and Consequences of Obesity * The Metabolic Syndrome and its Effects on Cardiovascular Risk * Endothelial Abnormalities in Diabetes Lifestyle Management * Preventing Diabetes-The Ultimate Management strategy: Lessons from the DPP * Diets and Education-Making it Work * Stress and Depression in Chronic Disease * Exercise-Let's Get Going Pharmacological Therapy * Insulin Secretagogues * Insulin Sensitizers: Metformin and PPAR ligands * Alpha Glucosidase Agents * Comparing and Choosing Oral Agents-A Comprehensive Approach * Managing Dyslipidemia * Hypertension in Diabetes * Optimal Insulin Strategies * Beyond Insulin therapy-Other Hormonal Approaches * Weight Loss Agents and Over-the-Counter Medications * Insulin Pump therapy * Blood Glucose Monitoring (Including CGMS/Noninvasive methods/ HbAic/ Fructosamine) * Pancreas and Islet Transplant-What Every Physician Needs to Know Complications * Diabetic Ketoacidosis * Hypoglycemia and its Management * Diabetic Neuropathy (Including autonomic neuropathy and gastroparesis) * Diabetic Nephropathy * Erectile Dysfunction in Diabetes-An Endothelial Disorder * The Diabetic Foot * Managing Cardiovascular Disease and Events in the Patient with Diabetes * Diabetic Retinopathy-Screening and Therapy Pediatric Diabetes * Type I Diabetes in Children and Adolescents * Type II Diabetes in Children and Adolescents (including pediatric obesity) Special Populations and Situations * Diabetes and Pregnancy * Inpatient Diabetes Management * Diabetes in the Elderly * Diabetes in African Americans * Diabetes in Latinos * New Drugs Causing Diabetes-HIV and Schizophrenia Treatment * Surgery for Obesity-Potential Impact on Diabetesb Organization and Delivery of Diabetes Care * Running a Diabetes Clinic * Costs and Cost-Control in Diabetes-Using the System to the Patient's Advantage * Effective Pharmacist Management in Diabetes Tips and Trends * Pearls from Major Clinical Trials-Practical Tips to Improve Outcomes: Important Lessons from the DCCT/ UKPDS/ ACCORD/ HOPE/ ALLHAT/ STENO etc. * Trends in Diabetes and Obesity-Fear and Hope Appendix-Insulin Regimens, Insulin Adjustment Guidelines
Pediatric Crohn disease patients exhibit specific ileal transcriptome and microbiome signature
Authors: Yael Haberman, Timothy L. Tickle, Phillip J. Dexheimer, Mi-Ok Kim, Dora Tang, Rebekah Karns, Robert N. Baldassano, Joshua D. Noe, Joel Rosh, James Markowitz, Melvin B. Heyman, Anne M. Griffiths, Wallace V. Crandall, David R. Mack, Susan S. Baker, Curtis Huttenhower, David J. Keljo, Jeffrey S. Hyams, Subra Kugathasan, Thomas D. Walters, Bruce Aronow, Ramnik J. Xavier, Dirk Gevers, Lee A. Denson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2015)

The authors recently completed an additional sample quality control process for the RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) data reported in the manuscript that involved matching base calling from the RNA-seq data to the associated genotyping data and clinical metadata for each subject.This process identified 55 RNA-seq data files that were not linked to the correct clinical metadata.For 41 RNA-seq data files, the relabeling occurred within Crohn disease (CD) cases.For 6 files, the relabeling resulted in a change in diagnosis from ulcerative colitis (UC) to CD, while for 6 files, the relabeling resulted in a change in diagnosis from CD to UC.One file was relabeled within the noninflammatory bowel diseases (non-IBD) control group, and for 1 file, relabeling resulted in a change from CD to non-IBD control.In addi-
Abstract 9176: Enhancing Lysosome Biogenesis Attenuates Bnip3-induced Cardiomyocyte Death
Authors: Xiucui Ma, Rebecca Godar, Abhinav Diwan
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Rationale: Hypoxia-inducible pro-death protein, BNIP3 (Bcl2 and nineteen-kilodalton interacting protein-3) provokes mitochondrial permeabilization causing cardiomyocyte death in ischemia-reperfusion injury. Inhibition of cardiomyocyte autophagy accelerates Bnip3-induced cell death, by preventing removal of damaged mitochondria. We tested the hypothesis that stimulating cardiomyocyte autophagy will attenuate Bnip3-induced cell death. Methods and Results: Neonatal rat ventricular myocytes were adenovirally transduced with Bnip3 (or LacZ as control; at multiplicity of infection = 100); and autophagy was stimulated with rapamycin (100nM) added at baseline and 24 hours; and cell death was assessed at 48 hours. Bnip3 expression increased autophagosome abundance 15-fold and caused a 3.5-fold increase in cardiomyocyte death as compared with control. Rapamycin treatment of Bnip3 expressing cells led to further increase in autophagosome number without affecting cell death. Bnip3 expression led to accumulation of autophagosome bound LC3-II and p62; and increase in autophagosomes but not autolysosomes (assessed with dual fluorescent mCherry-GFP-LC3 expression); indicating autophagosome accumulation with impaired flux through the macroautophagy pathway. Bnip3 did not provoke lysosome permeabilization or alter lysosome pH; and BNIP3 protein did not localize to lysosomes by subcellular fractionation. Rather, Bnip3 expression caused a decline in lysosome numbers with decreased expression of lysosomal proteins-LAMP1 and LAMP2, indicating lysosome consumption and consequent autophagosome accumulation with Bnip3-induced autophagy. Forced expression of TFEB, a transcription factor that promotes lysosome biogenesis, increased lysosome numbers; reduced LC3-II/LC3-I ratio and p62 abundance, increased autolysosome to autophagosome ratio (indicating restored autophagic flux); and attenuated death in cells expressing Bnip3. Conclusion: Bnip3 expression causes cardiomyocyte death with impaired autophagic flux secondary to reduced lysosome numbers indicating consumption in the autophagy process. Forced expression of TFEB, a lysosomal biogenesis factor, restores autophagic flux and attenuates Bnip3-induced cell death.
A case of curatively resected gastric wall implantation of pancreatic cancer caused by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration
Authors: Akira Sakurada, Tsuyoshi Hayashi, Michihiro Ono, Hirotoshi Ishiwatari, Jiro Ogino, Yasutoshi Kimura, Junji Kato
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

An 87-year-old woman with a pancreatic mass was referred to our hospital for treatment. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) revealed a 25-mm-diameter mass with cystic changes in the body of the pancreas ([Fig. 1 a]). Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) was performed using a 22-gauge needle ([Fig. 1 b]), and cytohistological examination revealed a squamous cell carcinoma. Accordingly, distal pancreatectomy was performed, and the lesion was diagnosed as an adenosquamous carcinoma of the pancreas with T2N0M0 classification. The patient rejected adjuvant chemotherapy but consented to routine blood tests and contrast-enhanced CT every 3 months to monitor for recurrence.
The cow war
Authors: George Dunea
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Seventy years before the current livestock epidemic, enraged farmers in southern Iowa used clubs, gas pipes, rubber hoses, and tree limbs to attack officials and vets sent to test their herds. They threw stones, dirt, even pumpkins, manhandled officials, and damaged their cars. It was one of a series of incidents in what became known as the cow war.

This war of September 1931 was described in detail by George Mills in his book One …
Unrestricted Use of Drug-Eluting Stents Compared With Bare-Metal Stents in Routine Clinical Practice
Authors: J. Dawn Abbott, Matthew R. Voss, Mamoo Nakamura, Howard A. Cohen, Faith Selzer, Kevin E. Kip, Helen A. Vlachos, Robert L. Wilensky, David O. Williams
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2007)
Towards adaptive radiation therapy: Image-based tumor shrinkage modeling in head and neck cancer
Authors: M. Chao, Y. Xie, Q. Le, L. Xing
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e17050 Background: Understanding the kinetics of tumor growth/shrinkage represents a critical step in quantitative assessment of therapeutics and realization of adaptive radiation therapy. We established a novel framework for image-based modeling of tumor change and demonstrate its performance with a number of synthetic images and clinical cases. Methods: Due to the nonconservation of tissue, similarity-based deformable models are not suitable for describing the tumor growth/shrinkage process. Under the hypothesis that the tissue features in the tumor volume or the boundary region are partially preserved, we model the tumor kinetics by a two-step procedure: (1) auto-detection of homologous tissue features shared by the planning CT and subsequent on-treatment CBCT images using the Scale Invariance Feature Transformation (SIFT) method; (2) establishment of voxel-to-voxel correspondence between two input images for the remaining spatial points by a basis spline interpolation. The correctness of the tissue feature correspondence is doubly assured by a bi-directional association procedure, in which the SIFT features are mapped from planning CT to CBCT and reversely. Only the associations common to both mappings are used in Thin Plate Spline (TPS) interpolation. A synthetic digital phantom experiment and five clinical head and neck cases are used to assess the performance of the proposed technique. Results: Image contents of the digital phantoms are modified in various ways. It is found the proposed technique can identify any of the changes faithfully. The subsequent feature-guided TPS interpolation reproduces the “ground truth” with an accuracy better than 1.3mm. For the clinical cases, the new algorithm works reliably for a volume change less than 30%, suggesting the time span between two consequent imaging sessions should not be unreasonably far away in order for the model to function properly. Conclusions: An image-based tumor kinetic model has been developed to better understand the tumor response to radiation therapy. The technique provides a solid foundation for future head-and-neck adaptive radiation therapy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Enhanced Expression of PD-1 Modulates CD4+Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cell Homeostasis during Low-Dose IL-2 Therapy in Patients with Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease
Authors: Takeru Asano, Haesook T. Kim, John Koreth, Robert J Soiffer, Yusuke Meguri, Takanori Yoshioka, Hideo Yagita, Mitsune Tanimoto, Jerome Ritz, Ken-ichi Matsuoka
Journal: Blood (2014)
Pharmacokinetics, biodistribution and metabolism of squalenoyl adenosine nanoparticles in mice using dual radio-labeling and radio-HPLC analysis
Authors: Alice Gaudin, Sinda Lepetre-Mouelhi, Julie Mougin, Martine Parrod, Grégory Pieters, Sébastien Garcia-Argote, Olivier Loreau, Jordan Goncalves, Hélène Chacun, Yann Courbebaisse, Pascal Clayette, Didier Desmaële, Bernard Rousseau, Karine Andrieux, Patrick Couvreur
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2015)

Adenosine is a pleiotropic endogenous nucleoside with potential neuroprotective pharmacological activity. However, clinical use of adenosine is hampered by its extremely fast metabolization. To overcome this limitation, we recently developed a new squalenoyl nanomedicine of adenosine [Squalenoyl-Adenosine (SQAd)] by covalent linkage of this nucleoside to the squalene, a natural lipid. The resulting nanoassemblies (NAs) displayed a dramatic pharmacological activity both in cerebral ischemia and spinal cord injury pre-clinical models. The aim of the present study was to investigate the plasma profile and tissue distribution of SQAd NAs using both Squalenoyl-[3H]-Adenosine NAs and [14C]-Squalenoyl-Adenosine NAs as respective tracers of adenosine and squalene moieties of the SQAd bioconjugate. This study was completed by radio-HPLC analysis allowing to determine the metabolization profile of SQAd. We report here that SQAd NAs allowed a sustained circulation of adenosine under its prodrug form (SQAd) for at least 1 h after intravenous administration, when free adenosine was metabolized within seconds after injection. Moreover, the squalenoylation of adenosine and its formulation as NAs also significantly modified biodistribution, as SQAd NAs were mainly captured by the liver and spleen, allowing a significant release of adenosine in the liver parenchyma. Altogether, these results suggest that SQAd NAs provided a reservoir of adenosine into the bloodstream which may explain the previously observed neuroprotective efficacy of SQAd NAs against cerebral ischemia and spinal cord injury.
Synopsis of Psychosomatic Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: H. Flanders Dunbar
Journal: JAMA (1949)

available on modern methods of radiation dosimetry, as the references indicate, the subject is unfortunately covered only sketchily.It would also be nice to know what the safe dosage is near structures such as the eye, instead of being informed, "Prolonged gamma radiation . . . is likely to lead to perma- nent damage and should be avoided . .."Naturally what the radium therapist wants most to know is what is meant by "prolonged radiation."Chapters on the effects of radium on malignant tumors and on tissue culture and experimental radiology are well done.