tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2978: Impact of Left Ventricular Size and Function on Outcome Following Aortic Valve Repair
Authors: Munir Boodhwani, Laurent de Kerchove, David Glineur, Jean Rubay, Michel Van Dyck, Robert Verhelst, Jean-louis Vanoverschelde, Phillipe Noirhomme, Gebrine El Khoury
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Objectives: Left ventricular (LV) dilation and reduced LV function are known predictors of poor long-term outcome following aortic valve (AV) replacement for aortic insufficiency (AI). We examined ...
First Experience With Drug-Eluting Balloons in Infrapopliteal Arteries
Authors: Andrej Schmidt, Michael Piorkowski, Martin Werner, Matthias Ulrich, Yvonne Bausback, Sven Bräunlich, Henrik Ick, Johannes Schuster, Spiridon Botsios, Hans-Joachim Kruse, Ramon L. Varcoe, Dierk Scheinert
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Natural History of Liver Cancer
Authors: Geoffrey Falkson, Buks Coetzer
Journal: Liver Cancer (1985)

The epidemiology of the different types of primary and secondary malignant neoplasms of the liver and biliary tract are thought-provoking because the etiological possibilities seem easy to document in view of their marked geographical differences. Primary liver cancer (both hepatocellular and cholangiocellular carcinoma) have their maximum incidence and prevalence in those areas of the world and in those populations that have the lowest incidence and prevalence of primary large bowel cancer. Primary liver cancer is a common disease in the black population in Africa (south of the Sahara) and throughout the Far East. It is significant that the caucasians in southern Africa have a low incidence of primary liver cancer, comparable to occurrence rates in the United States. The occurrence rates of secondary cancer in the liver is proportional to the incidence of the primary cancer. Primary large bowel cancer (with resultant metastases to the liver) occurs commonly in the United States and Europe. Other common malignant neoplasms that metastasize to the liver are cancer of the stomach, pancreas, breast, and lung.
Abstract 34: Efficacy Assessment of Arterial Pressure-Based Cardiac Output for Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Kentaro Kajino, Masashi Kishi, Tetsuhisa Kitamura, Takeshi Ebihara, Kimiko Yamashita, Takashi Fuse, Fumihiko Nomura, Junichiro Watase, Shigeru Yamayoshi
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Although patients with post-cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS) after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is under hemodynamically volatile state, their hemodynamics might be associated with patients' outcome. FloTrac/Vigileo® operating system is an easy low-invasive technique that can do continuous monitoring on arterial pressure-based cardiac output (APCO) from the arterial pressure curve and can calculate Stroke Volume Index (APCO/Heart rate/Body Surface Area: ml/m 2 ). This device has been already available for evaluating fluid responsibility and continuous cardiac output monitoring during peri- and post-operative periods. Objective: We aimed to assess the association between APCO values and patients' outcome after OHCA. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in our center. This study analyzed for adult non-traumatic OHCA patients who achieved return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and hospitalized at our intensive care unit to receive post-resuscitation cares during the period from January 1 to March 31 in 2011. FloTrac/Vigileo® operating system was attached for all OHCA patients immediately after they got ROSC at emergency room. Results: This study registered 22 eligible patients. Of them, 7 cases (32%) were survival to discharge (the survival group). There were no differences in patients' characteristics and cares between the survival group and the non-survival group excluding age (70.0±10.0 vs. 82.3±7.4 years old. P=0.004). However, the mean stroke volume index (ml/m 2 ) for 24-hours after attachment of FloTrac/Vigileo® operating system was significantly higher in the survival group than in the non-survival group (37.9±10.2 ml/m 2 vs. 28.2±7.72 ml/m 2 , P&lt;0.023). Conclusion: The stroke volume index might be effective to predict outcome from OHCA.
Mortality benefit of switching to an aromatase inhibitor in early breast carcinoma: Pooled analysis of two consecutive trials
Authors: F. M. Boccardo, P. Guglielmini, A. Rubagotti
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

548 Background: The superiority of new generation aromatase inhibitors (AI) over tamoxifen (T) in the adjuvant treatment of early breast ca. has emerged from several randomized trials. However no mortality benefit has emerged so far from previous trials. Methods: A pooled analysis of GROCTA 4 and ITA trials, two consecutive, multicentric trials performed by our group and sharing the same study design, was performed. The results of both trials have been published previously [JCO 19:4209–15, 2001; JCO 23:5138–47, 2005] and have been updated for the present analysis. In both trials women already on treatment with T for 2 or 3 years have been randomly assigned to continue T for additional 3–2 years or to be switched to aminoglutethimide (AG) or anastrozole (AN) for a comparable time period. In each treatment group mortality was analysed according to cause of death and patient and tumor variables. Results: 828 postmenopausal ER+ve women, most of whom were also node +ve, who had been followed up for a median time of 68 months (range 1–141 months) were analysed. Of these women, 415 had been randomized to continue T and 413 to be switched to AG or AN. In both groups total duration of endocrine therapy was 5 years. All-cause mortality and breast cancer specific mortality were significantly improved by switching: HR=0.60 (0.41–0.87) p=0.007; HR=0.62 (0.39–0.97) p=0.03 respectively. Though more women continued to T died in absence of obvious disease relapse, there was no significant difference between groups in breast cancer unrelated mortality (p=0.1). Multivariate analysis showed that patient age, tumor size, allocated treatment and N status in the order were independent mortality predictors. Tumor size, N status and allocated treatment were independent predictors of breast cancer related mortality as well. Noteworthy, age at randomization was the only statistically significant predictor of breast cancer unrelated mortality. Conclusions: Switching to an AI after 2 or 3 years of T therapy significantly improved survival as compared to 3 or 2 years of additional treatment with T. These findings reinforce the indication to switching for the women actually receiving adjuvant treatment with T. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Clinical Trials Probe New Therapies for Some Difficult-to-Treat Cancers
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2008)

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Abstract 3156: Protein Kinase G Corrects High Cardiomyocyte Resting Tension in Diastolic Heart Failure
Authors: Nazha Hamdani, Attila Borbely, Nicky M Boontje, Istvan Edes, Ines Falcao-Pires, Adelino F Leite-Moreira, Ger J Stienen, Jolanda van der Velden, Walter J Paulus
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Cardiomyocytes isolated from LV myocardium of diastolic heart failure (DHF) patients have high in-vitro resting tension (RT), which is corrected by administration of protein kinase A (PKA) and whic...
Cricothyroidotomy
Authors: James Hsiao, Victor Pacheco-Fowler
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

Cricothyroidotomy is an emergent procedure performed on patients experiencing severe respiratory distress in whom orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation has failed. The procedure involves making an incision in the cricothyroid membrane, which lies between the thyroid and cricoid cartilages, followed by inserting a tracheostomy tube, which allows ventilation. This video describes how to perform a cricothyroidotomy in an adult. The major indication for cricothyroidotomy is the inability to establish an airway by orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation. Failure to secure an orotracheal or nasotracheal airway may be due to factors such as difficult patient anatomy; excessive blood in the mouth or . . . .
Abstract 5603: Oral Dosing of PRT060128, a Novel Direct-acting, Reversible P2Y <sub>12</sub> Antagonist Overcomes High Platelet Reactivity in Patients Non-responsive to Clopidogrel Therapy
Authors: Paul A Gurbel, Pamela B Conley, Patrick Andre, Gillian Stephens, Daniel D Gretler, Marzena M Jurek, Kevin P Bliden, Mark J Antonino, Anand Singla, Thomas Suarez, Udaya S Tantry
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Introduction: The ADP receptor P2Y 12 plays a central role in platelet function. Clopidogrel therapy is associated with various limitations including irreversible inhibition, a delayed antiplatelet effect, wide response variability, and non-responsiveness that has been linked to adverse ischemic event occurrence. We report the first pharmacodynamic study of a single oral dose of PRT060128 (PRT128), a novel, direct-acting reversible P2Y 12 inhibitor in patients with high platelet reactivity while on maintenance dose clopidogrel therapy(75mg/d) and aspirin. Methods: Previously stented patients (n=27) on maintenance aspirin and clopidogrel therapy were screened for high platelet reactivity (HPR) defined as upper tertile 5μ M ADP-induced aggregation (&gt;43%) based on prior studies conducted at our Center; 7/27 had HPR and were treated with a single oral dose (60 mg) of PRT128. Platelet function was assessed at baseline, 4 hours, 6 hours, and 24 hours post-dosing by light transmittance aggregometry (LTA) stimulated by 5μ M, 20 μ M ADP, and 4μ g/ml collagen; Thrombelastography PlateletMapping (MA ADP ), Accumetrics P2Y12 assay (PRU), platelet reactivity ratio (%) by vasodilator stimulated phosphoprotein phosphorylation (VASP), and Perfusion Chamber Assay (PCA). Results: Results shown in the Table represent means ± standard deviation for the 7 patients at each time point. Conclusion: Based on results using multiple pharmacodynamic assays, PRT060128 is a potent rapid-acting inhibitor of P2Y 12 that overcomes high platelet reactivity in patients non-responsive to clopidogrel therapy. The pharmacodynamic properties of this novel P2Y 12 antagonist warrant future large scale investigations to determine clinical efficacy.
Abstract 10916: Mendelian Randomization Studies Do Not Support a Causal Effect of Plasma Lipids on Insulin Sensitivity
Authors: Tove Fall, Weijia Xie, Ke Hao, Johan arnlov, Fahim Abbasi, Eric E Schadt, Gerard Boran, Torben Hansen, Danielle Greenawalt, John J Nolan, Oluf Pedersen, Hans Haring, Ele Ferrannini, Ann-Christine Syvanen, Thomas Quertermous, Ulf Smith, Themistocles L Assimes, Markku Laakso, Mark Walker, Joshua W Knowles, Michael N Weedon, Erik Ingelsson, Timothy M Frayling
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: Dyslipidemia is strongly associated with decreased insulin sensitivity and type 2 diabetes. However, previous studies have provided conflicting evidence of whether dyslipidemia is a cause of impaired nsulin sensitivity. Objective: To use the Mendelian randomization design to test the hypothesis that genetically-determined changes of triglycerides (TG) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) plasma concentrations causally influence insulin sensitivity. Methods: We meta-analyzed four studies comprising 2,590 European non-diabetic individuals with available genotyping array data and lipid measurements, as well as direct measures of insulin sensitivity either from a hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic clamp or an insulin suppression test. For each lipid trait, we created individual genetic risk scores weighted on effect sizes from previous literature. We used these genetic risk scores to test and quantify the causal associations between each lipid trait and insulin sensitivity in an instrumenta...
Japanese encephalitis virus RNA detected in Culex pipiens mosquitoes in Italy
Authors: P Ravanini, E Huhtamo, V Ilaria, M G Crobu, A M Nicosia, L Servino, F Rivasi, S Allegrini, U Miglio, A Magri, R Minisini, O Vapalahti, R Boldorini
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2012)

Mosquitoes collected in northern Italy were screened for flavivirus RNA. Positive amplicons were sequenced and found most similar to insect flavivirus (ISF), Usutu virus (USUV) and surprisingly also to Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). The sequence (167 bp), obtained from one pool of Culex pipiens, was found identical to JEV strains from bats in China. Unfortunately additional sequence data or virus isolations were not obtained in this study. Confirmation of potential introduction of JEV to Italy and other European countries is urgently needed.
Abstract 1384: Osteogenic Transcription Factor Runx2 Regulates Expression of RANKL during VSMC Calcification
Authors: Chang Hyun Byon, Jay McDonald, Yabing Chen
Journal: Circulation (2008)

The expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor κ B (RANKL) is up-regulated in calcified atherosclerotic lesions, whereas it is frequently undetectable in normal vessels. The underlying molecular mechanism of increased expression of RANKL in calcified vessels is not known. We have previously demonstrated that oxidative stress induces calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) in vitro . Therefore, we determined whether oxidative stress regulates RANKL expression in VSMC and the underlying molecular mechanism. Consistent with previous observations in vivo , we found that the expression of RANKL in VSMC isolated from mouse. However, hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), which induces VSMC calcification, induced a 33-fold increase in the transcripts of RANKL as determined by real-time PCR. Increased expression of RANKL protein was further confirmed by ELISA. Using flow cytometry, we demonstrated that membrane-bound RANKL was increased by oxidative stress. To characterize the molecular mechanism underlying H 2 O 2 -induced RANKL expression, we employed the luciferase reporter system with a series of deletion mutants of the RANKL 5′-flanking region. The H 2 O 2 responsive region is located between −200 to −400 in the 5′-flanking region of RANKL gene. Analyses of the sequence of this region identified multiple binding sites for the key osteogenic transcription factor, Runx2, which we previously reported to be an essential regulator of VSMC calcification. Electrophoretic mobility shift analyses demonstrated increased binding of Runx2 on the RANKL promoter sequence in nuclear extracts from VSMC exposed to H 2 O 2 . To further determine the role of Runx2 in regulating RANKL expression, we generated stable Runx2 knockdown VSMC with the use of lentivirus-carrying shRNA for Runx2 gene. H 2 O 2 -induced RANKL expression was abrogated in VSMC with Runx2 knockdown. In addition, adenovirus-mediated overexpression of Runx2 in VSMC induced the expression of RANKL. In summary, we have demonstrated that H 2 O 2 induces the expression of RANKL in VSMC, which is regulated by the osteogenic transcription factor Runx2. These observations provide novel molecular insights into the regulation of RANKL and its role on the pathogenesis of calcified atherosclerotic lesions.
Abstract 769: SERCA2a Controls Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation in Human Arteries
Authors: Larissa Lipskaia, Stephanie Lehoux, Bruno Esposito, Pascal Le Prince, Nicolas Bonnet, Claude Le Feuvre, Rene Hajjar, Anne-Marie Lompre
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Coronary restenosis, a major complication of percutaneous balloon angioplasty, results mainly from the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). The goals of this study were...
An ethical code for everybody in health care
Authors: A. E Limentani, S. Miller, J. Neuberger, G. J Annas, M. A Grodin, M F Brewster, S. Hyer, H. Wilcox, C. K Brown, R. Philipp, D. Hart
Journal: BMJ (1998)

# The role and limitations of such a code need to be recognised {#article-title-2} EDITOR—Ethics are not optional in medicine: they are an essential and integral part of health care. A common ethical code for everybody involved in health care, as proposed by Berwick et al,1 is potentially valuable and is to be welcomed, but the role and limitations of such a code need to be recognised. An ethical code cannot provide the answer to specific ethical problems. Rather than dictating particular actions a code should describe the ethical environment for the delivery of health care and reflect its character and general approach. An ethical code should not try to make subjective aspects of care more objective or separate value from practical situations: it is in the nature of the work of professions that there remains individual responsibility for ethical practice. If challenged, ethical codes cannot explain why moral judgments should be made or give a firm justification for making those judgments; considered, individual moral judgments themselves are more basic and require no more profound reference. Ethical codes can give shape and structure to our moral environment and summarise our ethical position while leaving ethical responsibility with the individual practitioner. Looked at in this way, individual variation and personal issues can be taken into account. An ethical code can facilitate the discussion of ethical issues in difficult cases, and distinctive ethical positions can be established and argued, leading to broader and more secure moral conclusions. An ethical code can describe the ethical attitudes that are shared by healthcare workers, and in this it can be immensely valuable and influential. But what it cannot do is provide the certain answers for the many ethical problems encountered in the course of medical practice. 1. 1.↵1. Berwick D, 2. Hiatt H, 3. Janeway P, 4. Smith R . An ethical code for everybody in health care. BMJ 1997;315:1633-1634. (20-27 December.) [OpenUrl][1][FREE Full Text][2] # Three crucial limitations need to be considered {#article-title-4} EDITOR—The call by Berwick et al for the development of a new ethical code for everybody in health care raises a few … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DBMJ%26rft.stitle%253DBMJ%26rft.issn%253D0007-1447%26rft.aulast%253DBerwick%26rft.auinit1%253DD.%26rft.volume%253D315%26rft.issue%253D7123%26rft.spage%253D1633%26rft.epage%253D1634%26rft.atitle%253DAn%2Bethical%2Bcode%2Bfor%2Beverybody%2Bin%2Bhealth%2Bcare%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F9448519%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/ijlink?linkType=FULL&journalCode=bmj&resid=315/7123/1633&atom=%2Fbmj%2F316%2F7142%2F1458.2.atom
Abstract 2989: Risk of Stroke After Acute Coronary Syndromes In The MIRACL Study Related to Baseline Inflammatory Markers
Authors: Scott Kinlay, Gregory G Schwartz, Anders G Olsson, Nader Rifai, Michael Szarek, David Waters, Peter Libby, Peter Ganz
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Objective: Risk factors for subsequent stroke in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) remain poorly defined. This study tested the hypothesis that inflammation relates to the risk of stroke...
Human activities predominate in determining changing incidence of tick-borne encephalitis in Europe
Authors: S E Randolph, Collective on behalf of the EDEN-TBD sub-project team
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2010)

Explanations for the dynamics of tick-borne disease systems usually focus on changes in the transmission potential in natural enzootic cycles. These are undoubtedly important, but recent analyses reveal that they may not be quantitatively the most significant side of the interaction between infected ticks and humans. Variation in human activities that may impact inadvertently but positively on both the enzootic cycles and the degree of human exposure to those cycles, provide more robust explanations for recent upsurges in tick-borne encephalitis in Europe. This can account for long-term increases in incidence that coincided with post-soviet political independence, for small-scales spatial variation in incidence within a country, and for short-scale fluctuations such as annual spikes in incidence. The patterns of relevant human activities, typically those related to the use of forest resources, are evidently driven and/or constrained by the cultural and socio-economic circumstances of each population, resulting in contrasting national epidemiological outcomes.
Abstract 1124: Statins Foster Cardiac Stem Cell Activation and New Myocyte Formation after Acute Neurohumoral Overload
Authors: Daniele Torella, Georgina M Ellison, Ioannis Karakikes, Antonio Curcio, Anna Alessio, Angelo Leone, Valentina Galuppo, Francesca C Surace, Bernardo Nadal-Ginard, Ciro Indolfi
Journal: Circulation (2006)
Off-Pump Transapical Implantation of Artificial Neo-Chordae to Correct Mitral Regurgitation
Authors: Joerg Seeburger, Mauro Rinaldi, Sten Lyager Nielsen, Stefano Salizzoni, Ruediger Lange, Markus Schoenburg, Ottavio Alfieri, Michael Andrew Borger, Friedrich Wilhelm Mohr, Audrius Aidietis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Abstract 8090: Identification Of Rcn2 As A Novel Regulator Of Cytokine Expression
Authors: Weibin Shi, Qian Wang, Ani Manichaikul
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background- Ath29 is an atherosclerosis susceptibility locus on chromosome 9 identified in an intercross between C57BL/6 (B6) and C3H/HeJ (C3H) apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE−/−) mice. This locus...
Quantitative morphology of the corpus callosum in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Authors: J N Giedd, F X Castellanos, B J Casey, P Kozuch, A C King, S D Hamburger, J L Rapoport
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1994)

By means of quantitative neuroanatomic imaging the authors assessed the hypothesis that there are structural brain abnormalities relevant to frontal lobe circuitry in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).The midsagittal cross-sectional area of the corpus callosum, divided into seven sections, was measured from magnetic resonance images of 18 boys with ADHD and 18 carefully matched normal boys.Two anterior regions, the rostrum and the rostral body, were found to have significantly smaller areas in the ADHD group. These areas correlated in the expected direction with teacher and parent ratings of hyperactivity/impulsivity.This finding supports theories of abnormal frontal lobe development and function in ADHD.