tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Phoenix Criteria for Pediatric Sepsis and Septic Shock
Authors: Sameer Thadani, Stuart Goldstein, Andrea L. Conroy
Journal: JAMA (2024)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
In Utero Metabolic Disruption—A Preventable Antecedent of Adult Disease?
Authors: Vicente Mustieles, Mariana F. Fernández, Carmen Messerlian
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

Nuria Güil-Oumrait, MSc; Nikos Stratakis, PhD; Léa Maitre, PhD; Augusto Anguita-Ruiz, PhD; Jose Urquiza, PhD; Lorenzo Fabbri, MSc; Xavier Basagaña, PhD; Barbara Heude, PhD; Line Småstuen Haug, PhD; Amrit Kaur Sakhi, PhD; Nina Iszatt, PhD; Hector C. Keun, PhD; John Wright, PhD; Leda Chatzi, PhD; Marina Vafeiadi, PhD; Mariona Bustamante, PhD; Regina Grazuleviciene, PhD; Sandra Andrušaitytė, PhD; Rémy Slama, PhD; Rosemary McEachan, PhD; Maribel Casas, PhD; Martine Vrijheid, PhD
Body Composition in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Immunotherapy
Authors: Tafadzwa L. Chaunzwa, Jack M. Qian, Qin Li, Biagio Ricciuti, Leonard Nuernberg, Justin W. Johnson, Jakob Weiss, Zhongyi Zhang, Jamie MacKay, Ioannis Kagiampakis, Damian Bikiel, Alessandro Di Federico, Joao V. Alessi, Raymond H. Mak, Etai Jacob, Mark M. Awad, Hugo J. W. L. Aerts
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2024)

The association between body composition (BC) and cancer outcomes is complex and incompletely understood. Previous research in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been limited to small, single-institution studies and yielded promising, albeit heterogeneous, results.
Coaches Activating, Reaching, and Engaging Patients to Engage in Advance Care Planning
Authors: Gladys M. Rodriguez, Divya A. Parikh, Kris Kapphahn, Divya M. Gupta, Alice C. Fan, Sumit Shah, Sandy Srinivas, Winifred Teuteberg, Briththa Seevaratnam, Khay Asuncion, Joanne Chien, Kaidi Moore, Shann Mika Ruiz, Manali I. Patel
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2024)

Advance care planning (ACP) remains low among patients with advanced cancer. Multilevel interventions compared with clinician-level interventions may be more effective in improving ACP.
Shingles Vaccination in Medicare Part D After Inflation Reduction Act Elimination of Cost Sharing
Authors: Dima M. Qato, John A. Romley, Rebecca Myerson, Dana Goldman, A. Mark Fendrick
Journal: JAMA (2024)

This cross-sectional study uses data from retail pharmacies to examine shingles vaccine uptake among Medicare Part D beneficiaries following an IRA policy to eliminate cost sharing.
Cancer Treatment Before and After Physician-Pharmacy Integration
Authors: Genevieve P. Kanter, Pelin Ozluk, Winnie Chi, Michael J. Fisch, David Debono, Ravi B. Parikh, Mireille Jacobson, Justin E. Bekelman, Andrea DeVries
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

Importance Integration of pharmacies with physician practices, also known as medically integrated dispensing, is increasing in oncology. However, little is known about how this integration affects drug use, expenditures, medication adherence, or time to treatment initiation. Objective To examine the association of physician-pharmacy integration with oral oncology drug expenditures, use, and patient-centered measures. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study used claims data from a large commercial insurer in the US to analyze changes in outcome measures among patients treated by pharmacy-integrating vs nonintegrating community oncologists in 14 states between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2019. Commercially insured patients were aged 18 to 64 years with 1 of the following advanced-stage diagnoses: breast cancer, colorectal cancer, kidney cancer, lung cancer, melanoma, or prostate cancer. Data analysis was conducted from May 2023 to March 2024. Exposure Treatment by a pharmacy-integrating oncologist, ascertained by the presence of an on-site pharmacy or nonpharmacy dispensing site. Main Outcomes and Measures Oral, intravenous (IV), total, and out-of-pocket drug expenditures for a 6-month episode of care; share of patients prescribed oral drugs; days’ supply of oral drugs; medication adherence measured by proportion of days covered; and time to treatment initiation. The association between an oncologist’s pharmacy integration and each outcome of interest was estimated using the difference-in-differences estimator. Results Between 2012 and 2019, 3159 oncologists (745 females [27.1%], 2002 males [72.9%]) treated 23 968 patients (66.4% female; 53.4% aged 55-64 years). Of the 3159 oncologists, 578 (18.3%) worked in practices that integrated with pharmacies (with a low rate in 2011 of 0% and a high rate in 2019 of 31.5%). In the full sample (including all cancer sites), after physician-pharmacy integration, no significant changes were found in oral drug expenditures, IV drug expenditures, or total drug expenditures. There was, however, an increase in days’ supply of oral drugs (5.96 days; 95% CI, 0.64-11.28 days; P = .001). There were no significant changes in out-of-pocket expenditures, medication adherence, or time to treatment initiation of oral drugs. In the breast cancer sample, there was an increase in oral drug expenditures ($244; 95% CI, $41-$446; P = .02) and a decrease in IV drug expenditures (–$4187; 95% CI, –$8293 to –$80; P = .05). Conclusions and Relevance Results of this cohort study indicated that the integration of oncology practices with pharmacies was not associated with significant changes in expenditures or clear patient-centered benefits.
Intensity-Modulated Reirradiation Therapy With Nivolumab in Recurrent or Second Primary Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Nabil F. Saba, Stuart J. Wong, Tahseen Nasti, Ashley Alesia McCook-Veal, Mark W. McDonald, William A. Stokes, Allyson M. Anderson, Asari Ekpenyong, Manali Rupji, Marin Abousaud, Soumon Rudra, James E. Bates, Jill S. Remick, Nikhil P. Joshi, Neil M. Woody, Musaddiq Awan, Jessica L. Geiger, Aditya Shreenivas, Julia Samsa, Matthew Christopher Ward, Nicole C. Schmitt, Mihir R. Patel, Kristin A. Higgins, Yong Teng, Conor E. Steuer, Dong M. Shin, Yuan Liu, Rafi Ahmed, Shlomo A. Koyfman
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2024)

Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) reirradiation of nonmetastatic recurrent or second primary head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) results in poor progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).
Characteristics of Patients With Cancer and COVID-19 Who Discontinued Cancer Treatment
Authors: Jessica Y. Islam, Cassandra A. Hathaway, Emma Hume, Kea Turner, Julie Hallanger-Johnson, Shelley S. Tworoger, Marlene Camacho-Rivera
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

This cross-sectional study evaluates the prevalence of and characteristics associated with discontinuation of cancer treatment among patients who received a diagnosis of COVID-19 during their treatment planning.
Increased Risk of Tendon Injury Following Structured Care in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Post Hoc Analysis of a Large Randomized Controlled Trial With 19 Years of Follow-up
Authors: Martin B. Stausholm, Volkert Siersma, Rasmus Køster-Rasmussen, Asger Waagepetersen, Zandra O. Pedersen, S.P. Magnusson, Michael Kjær, Christian Couppé
Journal: Diabetes Care (2024)
Pathobiological signatures of dysbiotic lung injury in pediatric patients undergoing stem cell transplantation
Authors: Matt S. Zinter, Christopher C. Dvorak, Madeline Y. Mayday, Gustavo Reyes, Miriam R. Simon, Emma M. Pearce, Hanna Kim, Peter J. Shaw, Courtney M. Rowan, Jeffrey J. Auletta, Paul L. Martin, Kamar Godder, Christine N. Duncan, Nahal R. Lalefar, Erin M. Kreml, Janet R. Hume, Hisham Abdel-Azim, Caitlin Hurley, Geoffrey D. E. Cuvelier, Amy K. Keating, Muna Qayed, James S. Killinger, Julie C. Fitzgerald, Rabi Hanna, Kris M. Mahadeo, Troy C. Quigg, Prakash Satwani, Paul Castillo, Shira J. Gertz, Theodore B. Moore, Benjamin Hanisch, Aly Abdel-Mageed, Rachel Phelan, Dereck B. Davis, Michelle P. Hudspeth, Greg A. Yanik, Michael A. Pulsipher, Imran Sulaiman, Leopoldo N. Segal, Birgitta A. Versluys, Caroline A. Lindemans, Jaap J. Boelens, Joseph L. DeRisi
Journal: Nature Medicine (2024)

Abstract Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) uses cytotoxic chemotherapy and/or radiation followed by intravenous infusion of stem cells to cure malignancies, bone marrow failure and inborn errors of immunity, hemoglobin and metabolism. Lung injury is a known complication of the process, due in part to disruption in the pulmonary microenvironment by insults such as infection, alloreactive inflammation and cellular toxicity. How microorganisms, immunity and the respiratory epithelium interact to contribute to lung injury is uncertain, limiting the development of prevention and treatment strategies. Here we used 278 bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid samples to study the lung microenvironment in 229 pediatric patients who have undergone HCT treated at 32 children’s hospitals between 2014 and 2022. By leveraging paired microbiome and human gene expression data, we identified high-risk BAL compositions associated with in-hospital mortality ( P = 0.007). Disadvantageous profiles included bacterial overgrowth with neutrophilic inflammation, microbiome contraction with epithelial fibroproliferation and profound commensal depletion with viral and staphylococcal enrichment, lymphocytic activation and cellular injury, and were replicated in an independent cohort from the Netherlands ( P = 0.022). In addition, a broad array of previously occult pathogens was identified, as well as a strong link between antibiotic exposure, commensal bacterial depletion and enrichment of viruses and fungi. Together these lung–immune system–microorganism interactions clarify the important drivers of fatal lung injury in pediatric patients who have undergone HCT. Further investigation is needed to determine how personalized interpretation of heterogeneous pulmonary microenvironments may be used to improve pediatric HCT outcomes.
Increased coexpression of PD-L1 and IDO1 is associated with poor overall survival in patients with NK/T-cell lymphoma
Authors: Yajun Li, Kailin Chen, Bihua Chen, Ruolan Zeng, Yizi He, Caiqin Wang, Meizuo Zhong, Xianling Liu, Xiaoyan Chen, Ling Xiao, Hui Zhou
Journal: Leukemia (2024)
Severe Bottleneck Impacted the Genomic Structure of Egg-Eating Cichlids in Lake Victoria
Authors: Minami Imamoto, Haruna Nakamura, Mitsuto Aibara, Ryo Hatashima, Ismael A Kimirei, Benedicto B Kashindye, Takehiko Itoh, Masato Nikaido
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2024)

Within 15,000 years, the explosive adaptive radiation of haplochromine cichlids in Lake Victoria, East Africa, generated 500 endemic species. In the 1980s, the upsurge of Nile perch, a carnivorous fish artificially introduced to the lake, drove the extinction of more than 200 endemic cichlids. The Nile perch predation particularly harmed piscivorous cichlids, including paedophages, cichlids eat eggs and fries, which is an example of the unique trophic adaptation seen in African cichlids. Here, aiming to investigate past demographic events possibly triggered by the invasion of Nile perch and the subsequent impacts on the genetic structure of cichlids, we conducted large-scale comparative genomics. We discovered evidence of recent bottleneck events in 4 species, including 2 paedophages, which began during the 1970s to 1980s, and population size rebounded during the 1990s to 2000s. The timing of the bottleneck corresponded to the historical records of endemic haplochromines" disappearance and later resurgence, which is likely associated with the introduction of Nile perch by commercial demand to Lake Victoria in the 1950s. Interestingly, among the 4 species that likely experienced bottleneck, Haplochromis sp. "matumbi hunter," a paedophagous cichlid, showed the most severe bottleneck signatures. The components of shared ancestry inferred by ADMIXTURE suggested a high genetic differentiation between matumbi hunter and other species. In contrast, our phylogenetic analyses highly supported the monophyly of the 5 paedophages, consistent with the results of previous studies. We conclude that high genetic differentiation of matumbi hunter occurred due to the loss of shared genetic components among haplochromines in Lake Victoria caused by the recent severe bottleneck.
Phoenix Criteria for Pediatric Sepsis and Septic Shock—Reply
Authors: Tellen D. Bennett, Andrew C. Argent, L. Nelson Sanchez-Pinto
Journal: JAMA (2024)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Radiation Therapy Followed by Intrathecal Trastuzumab-Pertuzumab for ERBB2-Positive Breast Leptomeningeal Disease
Authors: Kamran A. Ahmed, Priya U. Kumthekar, Yolanda Pina, Youngchul Kim, Michael A. Vogelbaum, Hyo S. Han, Peter A. Forsyth
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2024)

This nonrandomized controlled trial examines the safety of radiation therapy (RT) followed by intrathecal trastuzumab and pertuzumab for patients with ERBB2-positive breast leptomeningeal disease (LMD).
Fecal microbiota transplantation significantly improved respiratory failure of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Jingshuang Yan, Huixin Chen, Yan Zhang, Lihua Peng, Zikai Wang, Xiaoyang Lan, Shengyuan Yu, Yunsheng Yang
Journal: Gut Microbes (2024)

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that leads to respiratory failure, and eventually death. However, there is a lack of effective treatments for ALS. Here we report the results of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in two patients with late-onset classic ALS with a Japan ALS severity classification of grade 5 who required tracheostomy and mechanical ventilation. In both patients, significant improvements in respiratory function were observed following two rounds of FMT, leading to weaning off mechanical ventilation. Their muscle strength improved, allowing for assisted standing and mobility. Other notable treatment responses included improved swallowing function and reduced muscle fasciculations. Metagenomic and metabolomic analysis revealed an increase in beneficial
Bone Scan With SPECT/CT Demonstrated Phthisis Bulbi
Authors: Shih-Tsung Lin, Yuh-Feng Wang, Tzyy-Ling Chuang
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2024)

A 46-year-old man has a history of right eye vision loss from childhood due to an injury, right hypopharyngeal cancer with metastasis to right neck lymph nodes treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy, and left tonsillar cancer after resection and adjuvant chemotherapy. Whole-body bone scan showed abnormal uptake to the right eye region, whereas SPECT/CT imaging localized this uptake to sharply defined, round to oval bone density foci of calcium scattered in the sclera and surrounding tissues, indicative of phthisis bulbi with posttraumatic calcification. Phthisis bulbi represents a shrunken ocular globe with calcification or ossification, typically as a sequela of trauma.
Two Broad Categories Overlapping With Rheumatoid Arthritis Observed in Synovial Biopsies from Patients With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Authors: Clément Triaille, Gaëlle Tilman, Charlotte A. Baert, Tatiana Sokolova, Axelle Loriot, Adrien Nzeusseu‐Toukap, Laurent Meric de Bellefon, Christine Galant, Cécile Boulanger, Joao E. Fonseca, Caroline Bouzin, Patrick Durez, Bernard R. Lauwerys, Nisha Limaye
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2024)

The objective is to characterize transcriptomic profiles and immune cell composition and distribution in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) synovial biopsies, assess for associations of these features with clinical parameters, and compare JIA and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovial features.
Minor Genetic Overlap Among Rheumatoid Arthritis, Myocardial Infarction, and Myocardial Infarction Risk Determinants
Authors: Anton Öberg Sysojev, Lars Alfredsson, Lars Klareskog, Gilad N. Silberberg, Saedis Saevarsdottir, Leonid Padyukov, Patrik K. E. Magnusson, Johan Askling, Helga Westerlind
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2024)

The aim of this study was to investigate whether a shared genetic susceptibility exists between individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and individuals with myocardial infarction (MI)-including major MI risk factors-and to quantify the degree of any such overlap.
Community Health Care Workers Empowering Advance Care Planning
Authors: Erik K. Fromme
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2024)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
A Patient With Slow Communication and Difficulty Walking
Authors: Hirokazu Matsushima, Masayuki Kikuchi, Tsunehiro Shintani
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2024)

A 70-year-old woman with hypertension and dyslipidemia presented with slow communication and difficulty walking 90 days after 6 courses of postoperative chemotherapy following right breast cancer surgery. What is your diagnosis?
Inhibition of endothelial histone deacetylase 2 shifts endothelial-mesenchymal transitions in cerebral arteriovenous malformation models
Authors: Yan Zhao, Xiuju Wu, Yang Yang, Li Zhang, Xinjiang Cai, Sydney Chen, Abigail Vera, Jaden Ji, Kristina I. Boström, Yucheng Yao
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2024)

Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are the most common vascular malformations worldwide and the leading cause of hemorrhagic strokes that may result in crippling neurological deficits. Here, using newly generated mouse models, we uncovered that cerebral endothelial cells (ECs) acquired mesenchymal markers and caused vascular malformations. Interestingly, we found that limiting endothelial histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) prevented cerebral ECs from undergoing mesenchymal differentiation and reduced cerebral AVMs. We found that endothelial expression of HDAC2 and enhancer of zeste homolog 1 (EZH1) was altered in cerebral AVMs. These alterations changed the abundance of H4K8ac and H3K27me in the genes regulating endothelial and mesenchymal differentiation, which caused the ECs to acquire mesenchymal characteristics and form AVMs. Together, this investigation demonstrated that the induction of HDAC2 altered specific histone modifications, which resulted in mesenchymal characteristics in the ECs and cerebral AVMs. The results provided insight into the epigenetic impact on AVMs.
Lyophilizable Stem Cell‐Hybrid Liposome with Long‐Term Stability and High Targeting Capacity
Authors: Tianyuan Zhang, Xixi Zheng, Ruyi Lin, Hao Sun, Honghui Wu, Jinsong Zhang, Shihan Chen, Yaosheng Li, Donghang Xu, Jianqing Gao
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Abstract The hybridization of liposome with stem cell membranes is an emerging technology to prepare the nanovehicle with the capacity of disease‐responsive targeting. However, the long‐term storage of this hybrid liposome has received limited attention in the literature, which is essential for its potential applicability in the clinic. Therefore, the preservation of long‐term activity of stem cell‐hybrid liposome using freeze‐drying is investigated in the present study. Mesenchymal stem cell‐hybrid liposome is synthesized and its feasibility for freeze‐drying under different conditions is examined. Results reveal that pre‐freezing the hybrid liposome at −20 °C in Tris buffer solution (pH 7.4) containing 10% trehalose can well preserve the liposomal structure for at least three months. Notably, major membrane proteins on the hybrid liposome are protected in this formulation and CXCR4‐associated targeting capacity is maintained both in vitro and in vivo. Consequently, the hybrid liposome stored for three months demonstrates a comparable tumor inhibition as the fresh‐prepared one. The present study provides the first insights into the long‐term storage of stem cell hybrid liposome using lyophilization, which may make an important step forward in enhancing the long‐term stability of these promising biomimetic nanovehicle and ease the logistics and the freeze‐storage in the potential clinical applications.