tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Regulation of Extraadrenal Steroid 21-Hydroxylase Activity
Authors: Paul C. MacDonald, Susan Cutrer, Sue C. MacDonald, M. Linette Casey, C. Richard Parker
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1982)

We measured deoxycorticosterone (DOC) and progesterone (P) in plasma of 47 women pregnant with a dead fetus and sequentially throughout gestation in 35 women pregnant with a live fetus. When P levels in plasma were low, the plasma levels of DOC in women pregnant with a dead fetus varied but usually were similar to those in women pregnant with a live fetus. However, when P levels were high, the levels of DOC in some women pregnant with a dead fetus were considerably lower than those in women pregnant with a live fetus. To test whether this finding was due to loss of transfer of DOC from fetus to mother or else loss of extraadrenal steroid 21-hydroxylase activity in the mother after death of the fetus, we conducted several studies. The levels of P and DOC in plasma of one woman remained constant from 30 min after fetal death until delivery occurred 13 h later. Estrogen treatment of four women pregnant with a dead fetus brought about an increase in plasma levels of DOC in three of the women. In one woman the ratio of plasma DOC to P was 0.015, a value similar to that found before fetal death, but was 0.003 after fetal death but before estrogen treatment. In two women pregnant with a dead fetus the transfer constants of conversion of plasma P to DOC were 0.011 and 0.005 before, and 0.024 and 0.013, respectively, during estrogen treatment. In one woman pregnant with a deformed fetus with adrenal agenesis, the metabolic clearance rates of DOC before and during estrogen treatment were similar, whereas the plasma production rates of DOC were 2.75 before and 4.31 mg/24 h during estrogen treatment. We suggest that (a) the DOC in plasma of near-term pregnant women arises in part by extraadrenal 21-hydroxylation of plasma P and (b) estrogen stimulates steroid 21-hydroxylase activity in extraadrenal tissues.
Loco-regional metastases (LRM) as a major cause of prolonged morbidity in patients with distant metastases (DM) or inoperable breast cancer (BC).
Authors: S. Bordia, H. S. Murthy, V. R. Patel, A. S. Braverman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e11075 Background: Treated BC DM may remain stable for many months. Primary or recurrent LRM may cause significant morbidity. In patients with DM and LRM, the DM are usually the major objects of therapy. Methods: Charts of 372 Kings County Medical Center Breast Clinic locally advanced BC patients presenting between 1996 and 2009 were reviewed. Of the 80 patients presenting with DM or inoperable LRM, the only or major symptoms of 20 were due to LRM for prolonged periods. Results: In these 20 patients LRM duration was 3-87 months; median 16, mean 22 months. LRM included 7 inflamed breast masses, 5 ulcerations (3 hemorrhagic) and 5 chest wall recurrences; 8 patients with axillary or supraclavicular nodal recurrences and 7 with brachial plexus syndromes had arm lymphedema. Local pain was a major symptom in 12 patients. DM were found in 15 of the 20 patients; they presented with LRM in 10, were found 8-49 months after LRM in 4, and 36 months before LRM in 1 patient. In only 4 patients were DM symptomatic during most of their courses. Systemic chemo- or endocrine therapy was the primary treatment of 15 of the 20 patients, and produced partial or complete remissions in 11. Radiotherapy was employed initially in 3 patients, and for refractory LRM in another 5; it was effective in 7 patients. LRM response duration in 14 patients was 3-48 months, median 13 and mean 15 months. LRM relapsed in 7 patients and responded to therapy, including chest wall resection, in 4. Conclusions: LRM may be the sole or major source of morbidity for years in breast cancer patients with DM. Radiation of asymptomatic LRM, or those which respond to systemic therapy, may prevent local symptoms. Aggressive local treatment of LRM may significantly enhance life quality in such patients. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Randomized comparison of coronary stent implantation and balloon angioplasty in the treatment of de novo coronary artery lesions (START)
Authors: Amadeo Betriu, Monica Masotti, Antoni Serra, Joaquin Alonso, Francisco Fernández-Avilés, Federico Gimeno, Thierry Colman, Javier Zueco, Juan L Delcan, Eulogio Garcı́a, José Calabuig
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1999)
Abstract 21182: Rescue Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction patients who Failed Fibrinolytic Therapy: A Population-Based Assessment
Authors: Dennis Ko, Julie Wang, Clare Atzema, Michelle Graham, Thao Huynh, Derek So, Harindra Wijeysundera, Jack Tu
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Fibrinolytic therapy remains the first line reperfusion treatment for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients in many regions and limited data are available regardin...
Abstract 2424: Detection of Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque with Free Breathing Whole Heart Coronary Magnetic Resonance Angiography
Authors: Yasutaka Ichikawa, Hajime Sakuma, Shuji Chino, Tatsutoshi Makino, Tadanori Hirano, Kan Takeda
Journal: Circulation (2006)

PURPOSE Free breathing whole heart coronary MRA can provide noninvasive visualization of luminal narrowing in the coronary artery. The purpose of this study was to determine if coronary atheroscler...
Abstract 3304: Psychometric Evaluation of Two Coronary Heart Disease HRQL Questionnaires in Chinese Patients
Authors: David Thompson, Neil Oldridge, Doris Yu, Cheuk Man Yu
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Objectives: To evaluate the psychometric properties of two HRQL questionnaires - Myocardial Infarction Dimensional Assessment Scale (MIDAS) and the MacNew HRQL Questionnaire (MacNew) - in Chinese patients with coronary heart disease. Methods: Conforming to the guidelines of the Medical Outcomes Trust (2002), we examined item-internal consistency, stability, concurrent, discriminative and construct validity, and a conceptual model of the Chinese versions of the MIDAS and MacNew instruments. Results: Data were obtained from 393 patients with either myocardial infarction (n = 131), angina (n = 165) or heart failure (n = 102), with 92 of them repeating completion of the questionnaires seven days later for testing stability. Cronbach’s alphas (MIDAS, r = 0.73 – 0.94; MacNew subscales, r = 0.88 – 0.93) supported their item-internal consistency and test-retest reliability exceeded ICC > 0.75 for both. Concurrent and construct validity for the MIDAS and MacNew subscales were supported by their moderate to high correlations with most of the Short Form 36 Health Survey subscales and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, except that the diet, medication and side effect subscales of MIDAS showed lower correlations. Discriminative validity of the MIDAS and MacNew subscales was demonstrated with poorer HRQL in female patients (p <.001), those with psychiatric morbidity (p <.001) and those with health deterioration (p <.001). Results of confirmatory factor analysis supported the original seven-factor and three-factor structure of the MIDAS and MacNew, respectively, with five items of the MacNew loading significantly on only one but not two subscales as proposed by the original version. Conclusion: The MacNew and the MIDAS are psychometrically sound when used in Chinese patients with coronary heart disease. The problematic subscales of the MIDAS may be related to their small number of items (≤ 3) and cultural variations in perceiving disease management.
Abstract 14017: Right Ventricular Morphology and Function in Heart Transplant Recipients
Authors: Antonello D'Andrea, Lucia Riegler, Raffaella Scarafile, Giuseppe Limongelli, Ciro Maiello, Maria Giovanna Russo, Giuseppe Pacileo, Raffaele Calabro, Eduardo Bossone
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background. The right heart is a major determinant of prognosis in cardiac transplant recipient patients (CTp). Aim: To investigate right ventricular (RV) morphology and function in CTp. Methods: 8...
Abstract 2107: Prediction of Cardiac Events in Chronic Pulmonary Thromboembolism by Right Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction Assessed by Pulsed Tissue Doppler Imaging
Authors: Yumi Shiina, Nobusada Funabashi, Masao Daimon, Tai Sekine, Kwangho Lee, Miyuki Kawakubo, Yukiko Sekine, Maiko Takahashi, Rei Yajima, Yu Wakatsuki, Nobuhiro Tanabe, Takayuki Kuriyama, Issei Komuro
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Purpose: Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction is an important cause of mortality in patients with chronic pulmonary thromboembolism (CPTE) and elevated plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is also ...
Abstract 31: The Effect of Hypothermia “Dose” on Vasopressor Requirements and Outcome After Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Jon C Rittenberger, Nicholas Huynh, John Kloke, Chen Gu, Francis X Guyette, Rene Alvarez, Samuel A Tisherman, Clifton W Callaway
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) improves outcome after cardiac arrest, but may result in increased vasopressor requirements. We evaluated the association between TH use and cumulative vasopressor and inotrope requirement. The effect of TH “dose” on cumulative vasopressor index, survival and neurologic outcome was also explored. Methods Review of chart data from subjects treated after resuscitation from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) or in-hospital cardiac arrests between 1/1/2005 and 3/15/2010. Data included demographic information, category of post-cardiac arrest illness severity ( (1) awake, (2) coma (not following commands but intact brainstem responses) + mild cardiopulmonary dysfunction (SOFA [Sequential Organ Failure Assessment] cardiac + respiratory score &lt;4), (3) coma + moderate-severe cardiopulmonary dysfunction (SOFA cardiac + respiratory score &gt;=4), and (4) coma without brainstem reflexes), cumulative vasopressor index (CVI) over first 72 hours, inotrope use, and outcomes (survival, good functional outcome). The “dose” of TH (hours*temperature below cut point) was calculated using cut points of ≤34°C and ≤35°C. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Student's-t test, Wilcoxon test, and chi-squared analysis, as appropriate. The effect of hypothermia dose on total CVI, survival and neurologic outcome was assessed using regression. Results Among a total of 558 patients, 250 (45%) received induced hypothermia. The rate of administration of vasopressors (measured by CVI) or inotropes was not different between TH and normothermia subjects. Using either a 34°C or 35°C cutoff, only category 4 illness severity or use of inotropic agents in addition to vasopressors predicted total CVI. Survival was not predicted by TH “dose” but was predicted by category 4 illness severity. Neurologic outcome was predicted by category 4 illness severity and OHCA. CVI had no independent effect on survival or neurologic outcome. Conclusions TH delivery is not associated with increased vasopressor requirement. The “dose” of hypothermia is not associated with total CVI, survival, or good outcome. Vasopressor or inotropic requirement appears to be unrelated to TH use.
Percutaneous cryoablation for primary lung cancer: Outcome and prospective future.
Authors: Y. Yamauchi, M. Kawamura, S. Nakatsuka, Y. Izumi, H. Yashiro, N. Tsukada, M. Inoue, H. Nomori
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e17515 Background: Percutaneous cryoablation for lung tumors (PCLT) using high resolution fluoroscopic CT guidance under local anesthesia offers a potential tool for local control of lung tumors, such as primary lung cancer. Methods: This study was approved by the institutional review board. From January 2004, PCLT was performed in patients with primary lung cancer who either did not oncologically fulfill the indications for resection, or refused resection. Each procedure was percutaneously performed under local anesthesia. Coaxial needle insertion towards tumors was monitored with multislice CT fluoroscopy. Cryoablation was performed with triple freeze/thaw cycles using a cryoablation system (CRYO-care Cryosurgical Unit, 8ch). CT scan was examined every 3 months after PCLT. >20% increase in the treated lesion size was diagnosed as local failure. Survival analysis was done by Kaplan-Meier. Results: There were 17 patients (7 male, 10 female, mean age 67.2) on 26 tumors (14.3 \\=6.4 mm, 5-30 mm, 24 of adenocarcinoma, 2 of squamous cell carcinoma) during 21 sessions. All the tumors were diagnosed as primary lung cancers from their pathological findings. PCLTs were well tolerated by all patients. Only a few patients required additional weak opiod analgesic (pentazocine) injection mainly for back pain due to no moving during the procedure. Major complications were pneumothorax (11 sessions, 50%, chest tube required in 3 sessions), pleural effusion (5 sessions, 29%), and transient hemoptysis (3 sessions, 14%). At a follow-up of 646 \\=587days, no local recurrence was observed. The 1-year and 2-year all over survival rate were 92.3% and 79.1%. Causes of death were distant metastases (n=1), interstitial pneumonia (n=1), other malignancies (n=1). Conclusions: PCLT was minimally invasive and safe. Results of PCLT for primary lung cancer were almost satisfactory. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Neurological soft signs in neuroleptic-naive and neuroleptic-treated schizophrenic patients and in normal comparison subjects
Authors: S Gupta, N C Andreasen, S Arndt, M Flaum, S K Schultz, W C Hubbard, M Smith
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1995)

The goal of this study was to assess neurological soft signs and developmental reflexes in schizophrenic patients who had never received neuroleptic medication and those who were receiving neuroleptic medication.Neurological soft signs and developmental reflexes were examined in 26 schizophrenic patients who had never received a neuroleptic, 126 schizophrenic patients who were currently receiving neuroleptics, and 117 normal subjects.Soft signs were present in 23% of the neuroleptic-naive and 46% of the medicated schizophrenic patients. Developmental reflexes were present in 19% of the neuroleptic-naive and 12% of the medicated patients. Both soft signs and developmental reflexes were absent in the normal subjects. There were significant differences between patients and normal subjects in neurological soft signs and developmental reflexes. The possibly confounding variables of age, age at onset, duration of illness, number of hospitalizations, Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) scores, and Simpson-Angus Scale extrapyramidal symptom scores were assessed by using logistic regression in the patients who were receiving neuroleptics. AIMS scores and Simpson-Angus Scale scores correlated with soft signs in these patients.The presence of neurological soft signs in schizophrenic patients who had never received neuroleptics indicates that these signs are present independent of medication effects, but it is possible that neuroleptics contribute to the prevalence of these abnormalities, as demonstrated by the patients who were receiving neuroleptics.
Abstract 2225: A Blinded, Randomized Controlled Evaluation Of An Impedance Threshold Device During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation In Swine
Authors: Timothy J Mader, Adam Kellogg, Jeremy Smith, Brett Murphy, Rachael Hynds-Decoteau, Claudia Gaudet, John Caron, Allie Paquette
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: An impedance threshold device (ITD) has been designed to enhance circulation during CPR. A recent study suggests that the ITD does not improve hemodynamics and that it may worsen outcomes. We sought to determine, in a blinded fashion, the effect of the ITD on coronary perfusion pressure (CPP), passive ventilation (paO2 &amp; paCO2), and return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), in a porcine model of prolonged ventricular fibrillation (VF). We hypothesized that, when compared to sham, the active device would have no significant impact on these variables. Methods: Thirty devices (15 active/15 sham) were purchased from the Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium. Thirty male Yorkshire swine were instrumented under anesthesia. VF was electrically induced. After 8” of untreated VF, baseline characteristics were documented and CPR was begun (chest compressions rate 100/minute and ventilations at a ratio of 30:2). The device used on a given animal (active or sham) was randomly assigned. After 3 cycles of basic CPR, a second ABG was drawn and a drug cocktail was given followed by 6 CPR cycles. We recorded CPP continuously. The first 150J rescue shock (RS) was delivered after 9 complete cycles (3 minutes) of CPR. A third ABG was drawn just prior to the first RS. ROSC was defined as systolic blood pressure &gt;80 mmHg for &gt;60s continuously. The randomization code was revealed once preliminary data analysis was completed. Group comparisons were assessed using descriptive statistics, Student’s t -test for continuous variables and Fisher’s Exact Test for dichotomous variables. Proportions with 95% confidence intervals were calculated for the rate of ROSC. Results: Baseline characteristics between the two groups were the same. ROSC occurred in 14/15 animals in both active and sham. The table summarizes the results (mean) by group after each event/intervention (CPP in mmHg, paO2 &amp; paCO2 in torr). Conclusions: Use of the active device had no impact on CPP, paO2 &amp; paCO2 or ROSC compared to sham.
Abstract 14060: Impact of a Formalized Multidisciplinary Management Strategy on the Outcome of Patients With Infective Endocarditis
Authors: Fabio Chirillo, Piergiorgio Scotton, Francesco Rocco, Alessandro De Leo, Roberto Mantovan, Simona Parisi, Francesca Borsatto, Zoran Olivari
Journal: Circulation (2010)

We sought to assess the impact of an operative protocol of multidisciplinary approach on the outcome of patients with infective endocarditis (IE). A formal policy for the care of IE was introduced ...
Nerve Endings: The Discovery of the Synapse
Authors: Boleslav L Lichterman
Journal: BMJ (2006)

T he Spanish histologist Santiago Ramón y Cajal (1852-1934) wrote in his memoir: “Really, the garden of neurology offers the researcher captivating spectacles and incomparable artistic emotions. My aesthetic instincts find there full satisfaction. Like the entomologist catching beautiful butterflies, my attention pursued in the garden of gray matter, the delicately and gracefully shaped cells, the mysterious butterflies whose wing beats might some day reveal the secret of mental life.” Richard Rapport, a neurosurgeon from Seattle, found a copy of this book on a dusty shelf of a secondhand book shop, and it inspired him to tell a story aimed at a general audience about the life and work of this “constant gardener.” Richard Rapport W W Norton, £15.99/$23.95, pp 224 ISBN 0 393 06019 5 www.wwnorton.com Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img> ![Graphic][2]</img> ![Graphic][3]</img> ![Graphic][4]</img> The son of a doctor's assistant in a remote Spanish village, Cajal had been interested in painting and photography from childhood and preferred Jules Verne's novels to academic routine. In 1877 he was appointed assistant professor of anatomy at the University of Zaragoza and managed to buy a microscope of his … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif [4]: /embed/inline-graphic-4.gif
Abstract 15884: Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Stimulation Depresses Cardiomyocyte Basal and Beta-Adrenergic Response of L-Type Calcium Current in Heart Failure: Insights into the Underlying Electrophysiological Mechanism
Authors: Peng Zhou, Heng-Jie Cheng, Zhu-Shan Zhang, William C Little, Che-Ping Cheng
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Recent evidence indicates that increased inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression contributes to left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and decreased inotropic reserve in heart fail...
OCT Compared With IVUS in a Coronary Lesion Assessment
Authors: Takashi Kubo, Takashi Akasaka, Junya Shite, Takahiko Suzuki, Shiro Uemura, Bo Yu, Ken Kozuma, Hironori Kitabata, Toshiro Shinke, Maoto Habara, Yoshihiko Saito, Jingbo Hou, Nobuaki Suzuki, Shaosong Zhang
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2013)
Abstract 14877: Dabigatran versus Warfarin Among Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: Real-World Post-Market Results
Authors: Rosenie Thelus, Todd C Villines, Trinka S Coster
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Introduction: The Randomized Evaluation of Long-term Anticoagulation Therapy (RE-LY) trial demonstrated dabigatran (150mg) to be superior to warfarin for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation (A...
Amish study, IV: Genetic linkage study of pedigrees of bipolar probands
Authors: K K Kidd, J A Egeland, L Molthan, D L Pauls, S D Kruger, K H Messner
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1984)

Genetic linkage studies were conducted on five Old Order Amish bipolar pedigrees in 1979 and 1982, with 94 members tested for color blindness and typed for 42 red blood cell and related markers in 17 antigen systems. Also, 59 individuals in two pedigrees were typed for HLA, Bf, and GLO. Linkage analyses assuming X-linkage and autosomal inheritance of bipolar illness were done with diagnostic schemes ranging from strict bipolar to milder forms of affective disorder. Linkage to affective disorders was not strongly supported for any marker locus. Close linkage to HLA was excluded, with weaker evidence against linkage to GLO.
-93G&gt;A polymorphism of <i>hMLH1</i> associated with prognosis for patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: J. Kim, Y. Chae, S. Sohn, B. Kang, S. Lee, K. Lim, G. Choi, J. Baek
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

4039 Background: Polymorphisms in the DNA repair genes may contribute to variation in DNA repair capacity, thereby affecting the risk of carcinogenesis and prognosis of colorectal cancer. Accordingly, the present study analyzed polymorphisms of DNA repair genes and their impact on the prognosis for patients with colorectal cancer. Methods: Three hundred and ninety- seven consecutive patients with curatively resected colorectal adenocarcinoma were enrolled in the present study. The genomic DNA was extracted from fresh colorectal tissue and 14 polymorphisms of DNA repair genes (XRCC1, hMLH1, ERCC2, ERCC4, VARS2[rs2074511, rs2249459], XPA, XPC, POLR2A, POLR2B, RFC1, RFC4, XAB2, DNMT3B) determined using a PCR-RFLP assay. Results: The median age of the patients was 63 years (range, 21–85), and 218 (54.9%) patients had colon cancer and 179 (45.1%) patients rectal cancer. Pathologic stages after surgery were as follows: stage 0/I (n=86, 21.7%), stage II (n=146, 36.8%), stage III (n=145, 36.5%), and stage IV (n=20, 5.0%). Multivariate survival analysis including stage, differentiation, age, and CEA level showed that the survival for the patients with the -93AA genotype of hMLH1 was worse than for the patients with the combined -93GG and GA genotype (overall survival: hazard ratio [HR]=2.953, 95% Confidential Interval [CI], 1.273–6.850, P=0.012; disease-free survival: HR=2.299, 95% CI, 1.417–3.730, P=0.001), whereas the other polymorphisms were not associated with survival. Conclusions: The -93G&gt;A polymorphism of hMLH1 was found to be an independent prognostic marker for patients with colorectal cancer. Accordingly, in addition to the pathologic stage, the analysis of -93G&gt;A polymorphism of hMLH1 can help identify patient subgroups at high risk of a poor disease outcome. No significant financial relationships to disclose.