tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 18516: Brag2, an Arf-GEF, Regulates Integrin-Dependent Endothelial Adhesion and is Involved in Developmental and Pathological Angiogenesis
Authors: Yosif Manavski, Guillaume Carmona, Katrin Bennewitz, Zhongshu Tang, Fan Zhang, Atsuko Sakurai, Silvio J Gutkind, Xuri Li, Jens Kroll, Stefanie Dimmeler, Emmanouil Chavakis
Journal: Circulation (2013)

β1-integrins are essential for angiogenesis. The mechanisms regulating integrin function in endothelial cells (EC) and their contribution to angiogenesis remain elusive. Brag2 is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for the small Arf-GTPases Arf5 and Arf6. The role of Brag2 in EC and angiogenesis and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. siRNA-mediated silencing of Brag2 significantly blocked basal and VEGF-induced angiogenic sprouting (by 40 ± 7 %), tube formation and migration of HUVEC (49 % inhibition). Transfection with Brag2-siRNA differentially affected α5β1- and αVβ3-integrin function: specifically, Brag2-silencing increased focal/fibrillar adhesions and EC adhesion on β1-integrin-ligands (fibronectin and collagen), while reducing the adhesion on the αVβ3-integrin-ligand, vitronectin. Consistent with these results, Brag2-silencing enhanced surface expression of α5β1-integrin, while reducing surface expression of αVβ3-integrin. Mechanistically, Brag2 mediated recycling of αVβ3-integrins and endocytosis of β1-integrins and specifically of the active/matrix bound α5β1-integrin present in fibrillar/focal adhesions (FA), suggesting that Brag2 contributes to the disassembly of FA via β1-integrin-endocytosis. Furthermore, we found that Arf5 and Arf6 are promoting downstream of Brag2 angiogenic sprouting, β1-integrin-endocytosis and the regulation of FA. In vivo silencing of the Brag2-orthologues in zebrafish embryos using morpholinos perturbed vascular development. Moreover, in vivo intravitreal injection of plasmids containing Brag2-shRNA reduced pathological ischemia-induced retinal and choroidal neovascularization. These data reveal that Brag2 is essential for developmental and pathological angiogenesis by promoting EC sprouting through regulation of adhesion by mediating β1-integrin internalization and link for the first time the process of β1-integrin endocytosis with angiogenesis.
Abstract 10870: Dietary Supplement Curcumin Reduces Inflammation and Significantly Improves Glucose Tolerance and Atherosclerosis in LDLR-/- Mice
Authors: Jinghua Bie, Jing Wang, Barbara Szomju, Todd W Gehr, Shobha Ghosh, Siddhartha S Ghosh
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Chronic low grade inflammation, which is exacerbated by consumption of high-fat high cholesterol (HFHC) diets, is central to the development of glucose intolerance as well as atherosclerosis. We have earlier demonstrated that Curcumin, an extensively used spice in Asian foods, attenuates inflammation and thereby reduces development of chronic kidney disease. The underlying mechanism was decreased activation of pro-inflammatory transcription factor NF-kB. In the present study we examined the hypothesis that by reducing inflammation, dietary supplementation with Curcumin will also attenuate two other inflammation-linked pathologies namely glucose intolerance and atherosclerosis. LDLR-/- mice at 8-weeks of age were fed HFHC diet and gavaged daily with either PBS (Control) or Curcumin (100mg/kg, Treated) for 16 weeks. Changes in intestinal barrier function leading to release of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to plasma contribute to HFHC-diet induced chronic inflammation likely to be mediated by increase in circulat...
The Significance of Phosphoric Esters in Metabolism.
Authors: Robert Robison
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 800: Protein Phosphatase 1 Beta is the Major Phospholamban Phosphatase that Regulates Cardiomyocyte Contractility.
Authors: Hidekazu Aoyama, Yasuhiro Ikeda, Koichi Yoshimura, Masafumi Yano, Hiroki Aoki, Masunori Matsuzaki
Journal: Circulation (2007)
Rationing health care
Authors: B. Davis, S. Johnson, C Worth
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Editor—In his editorial on rationing health care Weale refers to an “inconsistent triad.”1 He argues that it is a contradiction to propose that a healthcare service can be fully comprehensive, of high quality, and freely available to all within a finite resource allocation, although any two of these ideals may be achieved at the expense of the third. 

In the NHS all three ideals are, theoretically, supported, although in practice none are supported fully. The range and quality of treatments offered are limited by a lack of equipment, training, and support. In addition, long waiting lists are a haphazard means of excluding patients from access to treatment; for various reasons some patients “drop out” and never reach the point of receiving NHS treatment. In our opinion, a random, disorganised, and covert form of rationing is therefore currently taking place in the NHS. 

We believe that access to a comprehensive range of high quality treatment is essential and that if anything is to be “sacrificed” it must be access to treatment. From a clinical perspective, if patients can benefit from a treatment then there is no medical reason to withhold it. When consideration is being given to limiting access to treatment on the grounds of resources or costs, the decision cannot be made ethically on the basis of the treatment profile or the pathology but must be based on an individual person’s level of need. 

We are trying to develop a rational and effective system of prioritising patients by scoring the level of need of individual patients. Linking the resource requirements to the cases then allows a calculation of which cases can be treated with the allocated resources. If the available resources are insufficient to meet a minimum acceptable level of need then the only ethical answer is to increase the available resources. 

If such prioritisation can be made to work then the conversion of the current “rationing” from covert to overt may provoke a realistic reappraisal of the true costs involved (money versus suffering). This may lead to a more informed decision about what we as a nation could and should afford.
Cure rate in early colorectal cancer estimated from disease-free survival curves from phase III comparative clinical trials: Necessity of long follow-up
Authors: E. Barrajon, A. Lopez, G. Esquerdo, J. M. Cervera
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e15006 Background: The traditional end point for adjuvant clinical trials is overall survival (OS). Short-term disease-free survival (DFS) has been accepted as a surrogate of 5-year OS in colorectal cancer trials. Nevertheless, recent adjuvant trials have not shown a consistent improvement in OS despite a significant improvement in DFS. Two reasons may explain this effect: 1) a delay in relapse produced by treatment, not affecting the cure rate, or 2) more effective treatments in relapsing patients which delay death, hiding a real difference in cure rates. The aim of this project is to study the relationship between DFS and OS in trials of early colorectal cancer. Methods: Phase III comparative trials in colorectal cancer were searched in databases and cancer meetings. Trials were split to build and validate the model. United States 2000 population life table data were obtained from Berkeley Mortality Database. Survival curves were modelled according to a cured fraction following a Weibull distribution and a relapsing fraction following a binomial distribution. DFS was modelled as time to a single event and OS was modelled as time to two events. Cured fraction was estimated and odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval was calculated for experimental arms. Time to achieve a plateau in DFS was estimated as the curve point with a risk of relapse below 1%. Regression analysis between DFS and OS was performed for different intervals of follow up. Results: Thirty six study arms reporting DFS were analyzed to build the model. The model is consistent with an annual event rate of 0.33. DFS curves with this event rate predict a mean cure rate of 0.58 (range: 0.11–0.73). Estimated time to achieve a plateau in DFS is 9.3 years (range: 8.3–11.2 years). Significance of OR is coherent with hazard ratio reported in the studies. Trials finished after 1999 show more OS related to DFS. Regression analysis between DFS and OS show changing parameters at different intervals of follow up and some non-linearities. Trial validation, and analysis with trials reporting relapse free survival will be presented. Conclusions: Follow up of up to 10 years in colon adjuvant trials appears to be appropriate to reliably detect benefit in OS instead of a delay effect on relapse. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Intermittent Use Of Sufadoxine-Pyrimethamine To Prevent Malaria In Patients With SCD In Malaria Endemic Regions: Findings From The Sickle Cell Disease Research and Control Center Of Bamako, Mali
Authors: Dapa Aly Diallo, Aldiouma Guindo, Boubacari Ali Touré, Yaya Sarro, Baba Fané, Alain Dorie
Journal: Blood (2013)
Abstract 484: Nitrosative Stress Enhances S-nitrosation Of Peroxiredoxins In The Heart
Authors: Michael Reinartz, Zhaoping Ding, Axel Gödecke, Jürgen Schrader
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Nitric oxide (NO) is produced by different isoforms of NO-synthases and operates as a mediator of important cell signaling pathways. To explore thiol-based protein modifications in a situation of nitrosative stress, two transgenic mouse models recently generated in our laboratory were used: Cardiac specific overexpression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) (tg-iNOS + ) and tg-iNOS + with concomitant myoglobin-deficiency (tg-iNOS + /myo −/− ). Protein S-nitrosation, an important redox-based posttranslational modification, revealed no differences between WT and tg-iNOS + hearts as measured by the biotin-switch assay and 2-D PAGE. Even in the absence of myoglobin - an efficient endogenous NO-oxidase - the protein S-nitrosation pattern for nearly all the detected proteins (&gt;40) remained unchanged in the tg-iNOS + /myo −/− hearts, with the exception of three proteins. Tandem mass spectrometry uncovered these proteins as peroxiredoxins (Prx II, III, VI), which are known to possess peroxidase activity, whereby hydrogen peroxide, peroxynitrite and a wide range of organic hydroperoxides are reduced and detoxified. To prove whether the higher abundance of the Prxs was due to enhanced S-nitrosation or due to changes in their basal expression levels, immunoblotting with specific antibodies was applied and revealed upregulation of Prx VI in tg-iNOS + /myo −/− hearts. The other proteins found to be S-nitrosated were identified as well. Data mining indicated a significant overlap of these proteins with proteins becoming glutathiolated. Protein glutathiolation detected by immunoblotting was enhanced in the tg-iNOS + hearts and even more so in the tg-iNOS + /myo −/− hearts. We conclude that protein glutathiolation in our transgenic model of nitrosative stress is important to protect protein thiols from irreversible oxidation. The upregulation of antioxidant proteins like Prx VI appears to be an additional mechanism to antagonize an excess of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species. Enhanced S-nitrosation of the Prxs may serve a new function in the signalling cascade coping with nitrosative stress.
Abstract 15924: Effect of Remote Ischemic Preconditioning on Post-Operative Atrial Fibrillation in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: A Single-Center Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Amir Lotfi, Daniel Engelman, Hossein Eftekhari, Senthil Sivalingam, Miguel Giannoni, Auras R Atreya, Paul Visintainer
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction:  Post-operative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is the most common arrhythmic complication after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) and remains challenging to prevent, treat and is associated with adverse outcomes. Ischemic pre-conditioning with cross clamping of aorta has been shown to decrease ischemia- reperfusion induced arrhythmia following cardiac surgery. Remote ischemic pre-conditioning (RIPC), where another organ or skeletal muscle is subjected to brief periods of ischemia in order to achieve protective effect for the heart, has been associated with decreased cardiac enzyme release after elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and CABG. We aimed to study the effect of RIPC on the incidence of POAF after CABG.   Methods:  We performed a prospective, single-center, single-blinded randomized controlled study of patients older than 18 years old undergoing elective CABG with or without valve surgery at our institution. Patients were randomized in a 1:1 fashion to treatment group (three sequential 5-minute sphygmomanometer cuff inflations alternating with 5 minute cuff deflation over right upper arm after induction of anesthesia) or control group (sphygmomanometer cuff placed on their right upper arm without inflation). The primary outcome was POAF lasting five minutes or longer during the first seven days after surgery. Secondary outcomes were length of hospital stay, incidence of myocardial infarction, stroke bleeding.   Results:  Table 1   Conclusions:  In this single-center randomized controlled study, RIPC did not decrease POAF after CABG. There were no statistically significant differences in any secondary outcomes following CABG, although the sample size was limited to finding only large group differences as significant. Larger, multi-center studies are needed to confirm this finding.
Synergistic effects of co-administration of suicide gene expressing mesenchymal stem cells and prodrug-encapsulated liposome on aggressive lung melanoma metastases in mice
Authors: Tian-Yuan Zhang, Bing Huang, Hai-Bin Wu, Jia-He Wu, Li-Ming Li, Yan-Xin Li, Yu-Lan Hu, Min Han, You-Qing Shen, Yasuhiko Tabata, Jian-Qing Gao
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2015)
Your Meals and Your Money
Authors: Gove Hambridge
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effect of social support on stress-related changes in cholesterol level, uric acid level, and immune function in an elderly sample
Authors: Paula D. Thomas, Jean M. Goodwin, James S. Goodwin
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1985)

Strong social support systems, which in epidemiologic studies are associated with decreased morbidity and mortality, have been hypothesized to mitigate the harmful effects of stressful stimuli on the individual. The authors found that, among 256 healthy elderly adults, individuals with good social support systems tended to have lower serum cholesterol and uric acid levels and higher indices of immune function; these correlations were independent of age, body mass, tobacco use, alcohol intake, and degree of perceived psychological distress. Thus, social support systems may intervene between the stressful stimulus and the physiologic response to that stimulus.
Abstract 16997: The Magnitude and Nature of Unfunded Published Cardiovascular Research
Authors: Tuan V Mai, Donna L Agan, Glenn Collins, Anthony N DeMaria
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Objectives: To determine the extent, type (staff, equipment, etc), and sources of funding for published cardiovascular research. Background: Important cardiovascular research is often performed without direct financial support. The degree to which medical research is performed on an unfunded basis remains uncertain. Methods: We sent an electronic survey (Survey Monkey) to 938 authors who published papers in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology in 2007-2009. The data sought included the authors’ characteristics (age, institution, type of research, etc), funding, sources of funding, and types of support for their research. Results: The response rate was 41% (388/938). The percentage of authors who were fully funded was 26%, partially funded 44.1%, and those without any direct funding amounted to 29.9%. Most funding came from government (41.8%) and industry (35.1%), whereas institutional, foundation, association, philanthropy, and other grants contributed the remaining. More authors received supplies (43.6%), staff (41.5%), and salary (39.7%) than equipment (27.3%) or administrative (24.7%) support. Significantly fewer authors age 40 years or younger (24.3%) were partially funded (p&lt;.05). Significantly fewer authors from a community hospital (0%), from Europe (16.7%), or performing interventional (7.3%) or heart rhythm (11.5%) studies were fully funded (p&lt;.05). Although only a trend, clinical investigators were more likely to be unfunded (35.7%). Those significantly more likely to be fully funded were authors from the United States (35.3%) and working in a government or VA hospital (45.9%) (p&lt;.05). The authors who were 50 years of age or older, from the United States, had PhD degrees, doing basic as well as clinical research, or studying genetics/genomics had significantly more sources of funding and types of support (p&lt;0.05). Conclusion: Considerable published cardiovascular research is currently being performed without direct financial support. This is particularly true for young clinical investigators. The inability to accommodate this investigation in the medical enterprise would substantially diminish the amount of new knowledge coming forth.
Production of Prostatic Lesions in Canines Using Transrectally Administered High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound
Authors: Richard S. Foster, Richard Bihrle, Narendra Sanghvi, Frank Fry, Kenneth Kopecky, John Regan, John Eble, Carl Hennige, Lori V. Hennige, John P. Donohue
Journal: European Urology (1993)
Color Atlas of the Hair, Scalp and Nails
Authors: R. Baran, R.P.R. Dawber, G.M. Levene
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

This atlas offers a photographic collection of clinical conditions affecting the hair, scalp and nails. From the commonly observed to the more esoteric manifestations, it places special emphasis throughout on thise related to systemic disease. A variety of skin types, both European and non-European, are covered. As well as clinical material, there are histological specimens and electron micrographs of many of the conditions.
Particulate air pollution and mortality from lung cancer in local authority districts in England and Wales
Authors: AP Jones, G Bentham
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

An urban excess in mortality from lung cancer has previously been observed in England and Wales. This paper investigates whether a proportion of this excess may be associated with previous levels of population exposure to Black Smoke pollution. Using a geographical study design, a positive association was found between lung cancer SMRs for the period 1989 to 1993 and estimates of Black Smoke concentrations during the early 1970’s. This association remained after adjustment for population characteristics. We conclude a small but statistically significant proportion of unexplained patterns of lung cancer deaths may be associated with previous population exposure to airborne particulate pollutants.
Chemical Diagnosis of Disease.
Authors: Brown
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Letters to the Editors and no drift in pH was detected over this period.It seems relevant that heparin has been shown to remain stable over a pH range of 2.0 9.0.6Our findings are in agreement with those of others" 7 that heparin is stable in intravenous fluids under clinical con- ditions.Hence the administration of heparin by continuous intravenous infu- sion should not be regarded as a sub- optimal method on this account.