tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Chocolate intake and risk of type 2 diabetes: prospective cohort studies
Authors: Binkai Liu, Geng Zong, Lu Zhu, Yang Hu, JoAnn E Manson, Molin Wang, Eric B Rimm, Frank B Hu, Qi Sun
Journal: BMJ (2024)

Abstract Objective To prospectively investigate the associations between dark, milk, and total chocolate consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in three US cohorts. Design Prospective cohort studies. Setting Nurses’ Health Study (NHS; 1986-2018), Nurses’ Health Study II (NHSII; 1991-2021), and Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (HPFS; 1986-2020). Participants At study baseline for total chocolate analyses (1986 for NHS and HPFS; 1991 for NHSII), 192 208 participants without T2D, cardiovascular disease, or cancer were included. 111 654 participants were included in the analysis for risk of T2D by intake of chocolate subtypes, assessed from 2006 in NHS and HPFS and from 2007 in NHSII. Main outcome measure Self-reported incident T2D, with patients identified by follow-up questionnaires and confirmed through a validated supplementary questionnaire. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for T2D according to chocolate consumption. Results In the primary analyses for total chocolate, 18 862 people with incident T2D were identified during 4 829 175 person years of follow-up. After adjusting for personal, lifestyle, and dietary risk factors, participants consuming ≥5 servings/week of any chocolate showed a significant 10% (95% CI 2% to 17%; P trend=0.07) lower rate of T2D compared with those who never or rarely consumed chocolate. In analyses by chocolate subtypes, 4771 people with incident T2D were identified. Participants who consumed ≥5 servings/week of dark chocolate showed a significant 21% (5% to 34%; P trend=0.006) lower risk of T2D. No significant associations were found for milk chocolate intake. Spline regression showed a linear dose-response association between dark chocolate intake and risk of T2D (P for linearity=0.003), with a significant risk reduction of 3% (1% to 5%) observed for each serving/week of dark chocolate consumption. Intake of milk, but not dark, chocolate was positively associated with weight gain. Conclusions Increased consumption of dark, but not milk, chocolate was associated with lower risk of T2D. Increased consumption of milk, but not dark, chocolate was associated with long term weight gain. Further randomized controlled trials are needed to replicate these findings and further explore the mechanisms.
Bioactive peptides and proteins for tissue repair: microenvironment modulation, rational delivery, and clinical potential
Authors: Zhuo-Wen Hao, Zhe-Yuan Zhang, Ze-Pu Wang, Ying Wang, Jia-Yao Chen, Tian-Hong Chen, Guang Shi, Han-Ke Li, Jun-Wu Wang, Min-Chao Dong, Li Hong, Jing-Feng Li
Journal: Military Medical Research (2024)

Abstract Bioactive peptides and proteins (BAPPs) are promising therapeutic agents for tissue repair with considerable advantages, including multifunctionality, specificity, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. However, the high complexity of tissue microenvironments and their inherent deficiencies such as short half-live and susceptibility to enzymatic degradation, adversely affect their therapeutic efficacy and clinical applications. Investigating the fundamental mechanisms by which BAPPs modulate the microenvironment and developing rational delivery strategies are essential for optimizing their administration in distinct tissue repairs and facilitating clinical translation. This review initially focuses on the mechanisms through which BAPPs influence the microenvironment for tissue repair via reactive oxygen species, blood and lymphatic vessels, immune cells, and repair cells. Then, a variety of delivery platforms, including scaffolds and hydrogels, electrospun fibers, surface coatings, assisted particles, nanotubes, two-dimensional nanomaterials, and nanoparticles engineered cells, are summarized to incorporate BAPPs for effective tissue repair, modification strategies aimed at enhancing loading efficiencies and release kinetics are also reviewed. Additionally, the delivery of BAPPs can be precisely regulated by endogenous stimuli (glucose, reactive oxygen species, enzymes, pH) or exogenous stimuli (ultrasound, heat, light, magnetic field, and electric field) to achieve on-demand release tailored for specific tissue repair needs. Furthermore, this review focuses on the clinical potential of BAPPs in facilitating tissue repair across various types, including bone, cartilage, intervertebral discs, muscle, tendons, periodontal tissues, skin, myocardium, nervous system (encompassing brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerve), endometrium, as well as ear and ocular tissue. Finally, current challenges and prospects are discussed.
Exchangeable Copper in the Danish Cohort of Patients with Wilson Disease
Authors: Camilla Lorenzen, Karen Dons, Frederik T. Kirk, Emilie M. Lynderup, Peter Ott, Thomas D. Sandahl
Journal: Hepatology (2024)

Lorenzen, Camilla; Dons, Karen; Kirk, Frederik T.; Lynderup, Emilie M.; Ott, Peter; Sandahl, Thomas D. Author Information
Omic characterizing and targeting gut dysbiosis in children with autism spectrum disorder: symptom alleviation through combined probiotic and medium-carbohydrate diet intervention - a pilot study
Authors: Yalin Li, Weiwei Hu, Bing Lin, Teng Ma, Zhentian Zhang, Weiqian Hu, Rui Zhou, Lai-Yu Kwok, Zhihong Sun, Cuifeng Zhu, Heping Zhang
Journal: Gut Microbes (2024)

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) currently lacks effective diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Disruptions in the gut ecosystem have been observed in individuals with ASD, suggesting that targeting gut microbiota through probiotic and dietary supplementation may serve as a potential treatment strategy. This two-phase study aimed to characterize the fecal metagenome of children with ASD and investigate the beneficial effects of a combined probiotic and medium-carbohydrate intervention in ASD. Fecal metagenomes of children with ASD were compared to those of typically developing children, revealing intestinal dysbiosis in ASD, characterized by reduced levels of Prevotella sp. Dialister invisus, and Bacteroides sp. along with increased predicted abundances of inosine, glutamate, xanthine, and methylxanthine. The gut bacteriome and phageome exhibited high cooperativity. In a 3-month pilot study, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Probio-M8 (Probio-M8) was administered alongside a medium-carbohydrate diet to Chinese children with ASD. The primary endpoint was the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS), while the secondary endpoint was the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS). A total of 72 autistic children were initially recruited for the intervention study, but only 53 completed the intervention. Probio-M8, in combination with dietary intervention, significantly improved CARS and GSRS scores, increased fecal levels of Bifidobacterium animalis, Akkermansia muciniphila, Fusicatenibacter saccharivorans, and Sutterella sp. while also reducing Blautia obeum (Benjamini-Hochberg corrected p ≤ 0.05 for all cases). The intervention also modulated fecal metabolites associated with the metabolism of amino acids (lysine), neurotransmitters (glutamate, γ-aminobutyric acid), polyunsaturated fatty acids (arachidonate, myristic acid), and vitamin B3. In conclusion, Probio-M8 combined with medium-carbohydrate diet effectively improved ASD symptoms, with associated changes in the gut microbiome and metabolome, supporting its potential as an adjunctive therapy for ASD.
3D-printed zinc oxide nanoparticles modified barium titanate/hydroxyapatite ultrasound-responsive piezoelectric ceramic composite scaffold for treating infected bone defects
Authors: Kai Chen, Fang Wang, Xiumei Sun, Wenwei Ge, Mingjun Zhang, Lin Wang, Haoyu Zheng, Shikang Zheng, Haoyu Tang, Zhengjie Zhou, Guomin Wu
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2024)
Geographical variation in the incidence of colorectal cancer and urinary tract cancer is associated with population exposure to colibactin-producing Escherichia coli
Authors: Tommi Mäklin, Aurora Taira, Sergio Arredondo-Alonso, Yan Shao, Michael R Stratton, Trevor D Lawley, Lauri A Aaltonen, Jukka Corander
Journal: The Lancet Microbe (2024)
Broad‐Spectrum Detoxification of Snake Venoms With Supramolecular Materials Integrated via Molecular Recognition and Coassembly
Authors: Meng‐Meng Chen, Han‐Wen Tian, Yuan‐Qiu Cheng, Yu‐Xin Yue, Yu‐Chen Pan, Dong‐Sheng Guo
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Abstract Snakebite is a medical emergency that often leads to high mortality and morbidity in tropical and subtropical regions. The diversity in venom composition between various types of snakes necessitates the use of different specific antivenom treatments, which presents clinical and financial challenges in the management of snakebites. Therefore, developing a broad‐spectrum antidote to neutralize complex and diverse snake venoms has assumed critical importance. Herein, a broad‐spectrum antidote is developed through molecular recognition and coassembly to neutralize four kinds of snake venom toxins, those are three‐finger toxin (3FTx), snake venom metalloproteinase (SVMP), phospholipase A 2 (PLA 2 ), and snake venom serine protease (SVSP), which have high abundance and toxicity. The coassembly of sulfonate‐modified amphiphilic calixarene (SCA) and amphiphilic cyclodextrin (CD) is employed to neutralize the toxicity of 3FTx, 1,2‐dodecanedithiol (DDT) and thioetheramide phosphorylcholine (TEAPC) are introduced through coassembly to neutralize toxicity of SVMP and PLA 2 , respectively, and the nafamostat (NT), which can be loaded through the host‐guest complexation, is employed to neutralize toxicity of SVSP. The broad‐spectrum antidote, NT@SCA/CD/DDT/TEAPC, effectively neutralizes key toxins from the most medically important cobra and vipers, significantly improving survival rates of poisoned mice. This study conceptually validated the feasibility of broad‐spectrum detoxification and also offers a conveniently integrated supramolecular strategy.
Digital mental health: a potential opportunity to improve health equity in China
Authors: Hao Fong Sit, Wen Chen, Dan Wu, Yangmu Huang, Dong (Roman) Xu, Brian J Hall
Journal: The Lancet Public Health (2024)

SummaryMental health is an important public health issue in China, compounded by a shortage in psychiatric services. Against this backdrop, digital technologies could offer solutions. Digital mental health interventions use technologies, such as smartphone applications, to improve mental health outcomes. Although there has been a drastic increase in mental health mobile apps available in recent years, current evidence-based digital interventions for mental health are scarce and seldom evaluated for effectiveness and implementation in China. In this Viewpoint, we review digital mental health interventions in China and propose a framework that could guide the development of culturally sensitive digital mental health innovations, with the adoption of co-creation and community engagement strategies. We also provide recommendations to address issues related to usage, interventions, and implementation to improve health equity and implementation of digital mental health interventions in the Chinese context.
Associations of long-term nitrogen dioxide exposure with a wide spectrum of diseases: a prospective cohort study of 0·5 million Chinese adults
Authors: Xi Xia, Xia Meng, Cong Liu, Yi Guo, Xinyue Li, Yue Niu, Kin Bong Hubert Lam, Neil Wright, Christiana Kartsonaki, Yiping Chen, Ling Yang, Huaidong Du, Canqing Yu, Dianjianyi Sun, Jun Lv, Junshi Chen, Xiaoming Yang, Ruqin Gao, Shaowei Wu, Haidong Kan, Ka Hung Chan, Liming Li, Zhengming Chen
Journal: The Lancet Public Health (2024)
Tracking the course of depressive and anxiety symptoms across adolescence (the CATS study): a population-based cohort study in Australia
Authors: Ellie May Robson, Hanafi Mohamad Husin, S Ghazaleh Dashti, Nandita Vijayakumar, Margarita Moreno-Betancur, Paul Moran, George C Patton, Susan M Sawyer
Journal: The Lancet Psychiatry (2024)
Safety and efficacy of mitapivat in sickle cell disease (RISE UP): results from the phase 2 portion of a global, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Modupe Idowu, Lucas Otieno, Bogdan Dumitriu, Clarisse L C Lobo, Swee Lay Thein, Biree Andemariam, Obiageli E Nnodu, Adlette Inati, Alexander K Glaros, Pablo Bartolucci, Raffaella Colombatti, Ali T Taher, Miguel R Abboud, Deepika Darbari, Kenneth I Ataga, Ali Bülent Antmen, Kevin H M Kuo, Samuel de Souza Medina, Abdulafeez Oluyadi, Varsha Iyer, Susan Morris, Amber M Yates, Hui Shao, Spurthi Patil, Rolandas Urbstonaitis, Ahmar U Zaidi, Sarah Gheuens, Wally R Smith
Journal: The Lancet Haematology (2024)
Hallmarks of Aging: A User’s Guide for Comparative Biologists
Authors: Peggy R Biga, Jingyue E Duan, Tristan E Young, Jamie R Marks, Anne Bronikowski, Louis P Decena, Eric C Randolph, Ananya G Pavuluri, Guangsheng Li, Yifei Fang, Gerald S Wilkinson, Gunjan Singh, Nathan T Nigrin, Erica N Larschan, Andrew J Lonski, Nicole C Riddle, Iisage Consortium
Journal: Ageing Research Reviews (2024)

Since the first description of a set of characteristics of aging as so-called hallmarks or pillars in 2013/2014, these characteristics have served as guideposts for the research in aging biology. They have been examined in a range of contexts, across tissues, in response to disease conditions or environmental factors, and served as a benchmark for various anti-aging interventions. While the hallmarks of aging were intended to capture generalizable characteristics of aging, they are derived mostly from studies of rodents and humans. Comparative studies of aging including species from across the animal tree of life have great promise to reveal new insights into the mechanistic foundations of aging, as there is a great diversity in lifespan and age-associated physiological changes. However, it is unclear how well the defined hallmarks of aging apply across diverse species. Here, we review each of the twelve hallmarks of aging defined by Lopez-Otin in 2023 with respect to the availability of data from diverse species. We evaluate the current methods used to assess these hallmarks for their potential to be adapted for comparative studies. Not unexpectedly, we find that the data supporting the described hallmarks of aging are restricted mostly to humans and a few model systems and that no data are available for many animal clades. Similarly, not all hallmarks can be easily assessed in diverse species. However, for at least half of the hallmarks, there are methods available today that can be employed to fill this gap in knowledge, suggesting that these studies can be prioritized while methods are developed for comparative study of the remaining hallmarks.
A Biodegradable Magnesium Alloy Promotes Subperiosteal Osteogenesis Via Interleukin-10-Dependent Macrophage Immunomodulation
Authors: Liangwei Chen, Jianhua Zhu, Na Ge, Yan Liu, Ziyu Yan, Guanqi Liu, Yuqi Li, Yifei Wang, Guanxi Wu, Tiancheng Qiu, Hui Dai, Jianmin Han, Chuanbin Guo
Journal: Biomaterials (2024)
TransCatheter aortic valve implantation and fractional flow reserve-guided percutaneous coronary intervention versus conventional surgical aortic valve replacement and coronary bypass grafting for treatment of patients with aortic valve stenosis and complex or multivessel coronary disease (TCW): an international, multicentre, prospective, open-label, non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial
Authors: Elvin Kedhi, Renicus S Hermanides, Jan-Henk E Dambrink, Sandeep K Singh, Jurriën M Ten Berg, DirkJan van Ginkel, Martin Hudec, Giovanni Amoroso, Ignacio J Amat-Santos, Martin Andreas, Rui Campante Teles, Guillaume Bonnet, Eric Van Belle, Lenard Conradi, Leen van Garsse, Wojtek Wojakowski, Vassilis Voudris, Jerzy Sacha, Pavel Cervinka, Erik Lipsic, Samer Somi, Luis Nombela-Franco, Sonja Postma, Kerstin Piayda, Giuseppe De Luca, Evelien Kolkman, Krzysztof P Malinowski, Thomas Modine
Journal: The Lancet (2024)
The Potential Utility of RAS Q61R Immunohistochemistry as a Screening Tool in Pre-operative Fine Needle Aspirates of Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Brea Deyette, Daniel J. Lubin, Aswathy M. Cheriyan, Amy Sheen, Peter M. Sadow, Anthony J. Gill, Kartik Viswanathan
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (2024)
Whole-gland or Subtotal High-intensity Focused Ultrasound Versus Radical Prostatectomy: The Prospective, Noninferiority, Nonrandomized HIFI Trial
Authors: Guillaume Ploussard, Patrick Coloby, Thierry Chevallier, Bob-Valéry Occéan, Nadine Houédé, Arnauld Villers, Pascal Rischmann
Journal: European Urology (2024)
5-methylcytosine methylation of MALAT1 promotes resistance to sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma through ELAVL1/SLC7A11-mediated ferroptosis
Authors: Chuan-Jian Shi, Feng-Xiang Pang, Yu-He Lei, Li-Qiang Deng, Fu-Zhen Pan, Zhi-Qing Liang, Tian Xie, Xian-Lin Wu, Yu-Yan Wang, Yan-Fang Xian, Wei-Qiang Zeng, Han-Li Lin, Jin-Fang Zhang
Journal: Drug Resistance Updates (2024)

Emerging evidence demonstrates that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a crucial role in sorafenib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and lncRNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) is a dysregulated lncRNA in sorafenib-resistant HCC cells. However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms of MALAT1 in sorafenib-resistant HCC cells remain unclear. In the present study, we demonstrated that 5-methylcytosine (m5C) methylation catalyzed by NSUN2 and ALYREF contributed to the RNA stability and upregulation of MALAT1. The NSUN2/ALYREF/MALAT1 signaling axis was activated in sorafenib-resistant cells, and the upregulation of MALAT1 inhibited sorafenib-induced ferroptosis to drive sorafenib resistance. Mechanistically, MALAT1 maintained the mRNA stability of SLC7A11 by directly binding to ELAVL1 and stimulating its cytoplasmic translocation. Furthermore, we explored a new synergetic strategy for the treatment of HCC by combining MALAT1 inhibitor MALAT1-IN1 with sorafenib. The results demonstrated that MALAT1-IN1 significantly enhanced sorafenib efficacy for the treatment of HCC both in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, our work brings new insights into the epigenetic mechanisms of sorafenib resistance and offers an alternative therapeutic strategy targeting ferroptosis for sorafenib-resistant HCC patients.
Plasma arginine as a predictive biomarker for outcomes with immune checkpoint inhibition in metastatic colorectal cancer: a correlative analysis of the CCTG CO.26 trial
Authors: Lucy X Ma, Emma Titmuss, Jonathan M Loree, Derek J Jonker, Hagen F Kennecke, Scott Berry, Felix Couture, Chaudhary E Ahmad, John R Goffin, Petr Kavan, Mohammed Harb, Bruce Colwell, Setareh Samimi, Benoit Samson, Tahir Abbas, Nathalie Aucoin, Francine Aubin, Sheryl Koski, Dongsheng Tu, Christopher O’Callaghan, Eric X Chen
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2024)

Background Nutritional stress is a mechanism that allows tumor cells to evade the immune system. Arginine (ARG), an amino acid involved in immunomodulation, aids in regulating T-lymphocyte cell activity and the antitumor response. ARG deficiency in the tumor microenvironment can impair T-cell response while ARG supplementation may promote antitumor immune activity. In this exploratory post hoc analysis of the randomized phase II CO.26 trial, we investigated the role of plasma ARG in predicting response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in patients with microsatellite stable refractory metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Methods CO.26 randomized patients with refractory mCRC to durvalumab plus tremelimumab (D+T) versus best supportive care (BSC). Plasma ARG concentrations were determined from pretreatment blood samples using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The median plasma ARG value was used as a cut-off stratifying patients into ARG-high (≥10 700 ng/mL) versus ARG-low (&lt;10 700 ng/mL) groups. Overall survival (OS) was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the log-rank test. Cox proportional hazard models were used to analyze the prognostic and predictive impacts of ARG on OS. Results Of 180 patients enrolled in CO.26, 161 (N=114 treated with D+T and 47 BSC) had pretreatment blood samples for ARG analysis. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics between patients included in this analysis and the total study patients, or between ARG-high and ARG-low patients. In the BSC arm, the median OS was 3.09 months for ARG-high versus 4.27 months for ARG-low patients (univariable HR 0.89 (0.49–1.65), p=0.72). In the D+T arm, the median OS was 7.62 months for ARG-high versus 5.27 months for ARG-low patients (univariable HR 0.68, (0.48–1.0], p=0.048). In ARG-high patients, D+T significantly improved OS (median OS 7.62 months with D+T vs 3.09 months BSC; HR 0.61 (0.37–0.99), p=0.047; adjusted p=0.042 for interaction). In ARG-low patients there was no OS benefit with D+T (median OS 5.27 months D+T vs 4.27 months BSC; HR 0.87 (0.52–1.46), p=0.61). Conclusion High baseline plasma ARG was predictive of improved OS in patients with mCRC treated with D+T. Further investigations are needed to validate ARG as a biomarker. Therapeutic approaches targeting the ARG pathway may augment ICI activity. Trial registration number NCT02870920 .