tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3667: Hypoxic Preconditioning of Mononuclear Cells Enhances Angiogenesis by Increasing Their Retention after Implantation into Ischemic Tissue
Authors: Masayuki Kubo, Tao-Sheng Li, Takahiro Kamota, Mako Ohshima, Shu-Lan Qin, Kimikazu Hamano
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background : Cell-based angiogenesis is a promising treatment for ischemic diseases, but the poor retention of implanted cells in targeted tissue is a major drawback. We tested the hypothesis that hypoxic preconditioning increased retention and angiogenic potency of cells after implantation into ischemic tissues. Methods and Results : Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) were isolated from C57BL/6 mice. Hypoxic preconditioning of PBMNCs was done by 24 hours of culture at 33°C in 2% O 2 . We used normoxia-cultured or freshly collected PBMNCs as controls. Compared with the normoxia-cultured PBMNCs, the hypoxia-preconditioned PBMNCs increased the adhesion capacity (75.1 ± 11.5/field vs. 39.7 ± 5.1/field, P&lt;0.01). Furthermore, RT-PCR analysis showed that the expression of integrin μM and CXCR4 was significantly higher in the hypoxia-preconditioned PBMNCs than in the normoxia-cultured PBMNCs (P&lt;0.05). Interestingly, immunohistochemistry revealed that the expression of ICAM-1, a ligand of integrin μM, and SDF-1, a chemokine for CXCR4, were remarkably increased in the ischemic hindlimbs. Three days after the intramuscular implantation into ischemic hindlimbs, the retention of the hypoxia-preconditioned PBMNCs (36.7 ± 4.2/field, P&lt;0.01) was significantly higher than that of the normoxia-cultured (23.6 ± 1.3/field) or freshly collected PBMNCs (23.4 ± 2.6/field). We also noted higher microvessel density and better blood flow in the ischemic hindlimbs implanted with the hypoxia-preconditioned PBMNCs than in those implanted with the normoxia-cultured or freshly collected PBMNCs, 28 days after treatment; at 1023 ± 59/mm 2 vs. 767 ± 77/mm 2 and 775 ± 50/mm 2 , respectively (P&lt;0.01) and 77.2 ± 5.5% vs. 63.6 ± 4.3% and 64.3 ± 2.5%, respectively (P&lt;0.05) in the hypoxia, normoxia, and fresh groups. Conclusion : These results show that hypoxic preconditioning of PBMNCs is a feasible method of enhancing therapeutic angiogenesis by increasing their retention within ischemic tissues after implantation. Further studies are ongoing to elucidate whether the angiogenic potency of cells derived from the diseased animals is enhanced similarly to that of cells derived from healthy animals, after hypoxic preconditioning.
Abstract 1632: Tie2-Deficient Mice Exhibit Increased Susceptibility to Endothelial Apoptosis, Arteriolar Muscularization, and Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Response to Interleukin-6
Authors: Lakshmi Kugathasan, Julie Basu Ray, Yupu Deng, Robin N Han, Daniel Dumont, Duncan Stewart
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Introduction: We have demonstrated downregulation in lung Tie2 receptor expression and activity in experimental models of PAH, implicating reduced Tie2 survival signaling in the pathogenesis of this disease. Therefore, we hypothesized that Tie2 deficiency would predispose to PAH due to increased endothelial cell (EC) apoptosis in response to environmental triggers. Methods: Adult male Tie2± or littermate WT mice received saline or interleukin-6 (IL-6) at a rate of 200ng/kg/day via subcutaneous injections for 1 or 2 weeks. Results: Significant elevation in RVSP (Fig.1 ) was observed in IL-6 treated Tie2± mice (31 ± 3mmHg) compared to saline-treated Tie2 ± mice (25 ± 1mmHg) and IL-6 treated WT mice (22 ± 1mmHg). Following 1 week of IL-6 treatment, increased pulmonary microvascular EC apoptosis was observed by TUNEL in Tie2± mice compared to WT (6.3 ± 0.3% vs. 0.9 ± 0.1%, respectively; p &lt; 0.01). Furthermore, after 2 weeks, a significant increase in pulmonary microvascular muscularization by SMA staining (Fig.2 ) was seen in IL-6 treated Tie2±/mice compared to WT (36.4 ± 1.5% vs. 22.5 ± 1.1%, respectively; p &lt; 0.01). Interestingly, Western blot analysis revealed a significant decrease in Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) level in the lung after 2 weeks of IL-6 treatment in Tie2± mice, and ELISA demonstrated a 60% decrease in Ang-1 secretion in vitro after incubation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells with IL-6 (p &lt; 0.01). Conclusions: Tie2± mice demonstrated enhanced susceptibility to pulmonary EC apoptosis, increased muscularization, and PAH following chronic exposure to IL-6, supporting an important protective role for endogenous Tie2 signaling in the lung microvasculature. Figure 1. Increased RVSP in Tie2 +/+ mice following 2 weeks of IL-6 treatment (*P &lt; 0.05 compared to Saline Tie2 +/+ ; † P &lt; 0.01 compared to IL-6 WT) Figure 2. Increased pulmonary microvascular muscularization in Tie2 +/+ mice following 2 weeks of IL-6 treatment.
Abstract 14033: Alpha2-Adrenergic Stimulation-Induced Vagal Activation is Impaired in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
Authors: Toru Kawada, Tsuyoshi Akiyama, Shuji Shimizu, Meihua Li, Yusuke Sata, Atsunori Kamiya, Mikiyasu Shirai, Masaru Sugimachi
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Although sympathetic overactivity is one of the major feature of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), abnormality of vagal control is not fully understood compared to the sympathetic ...
Enhanced diagnosis in suggested malignant pleural effusion using combined modality of genetic and biochemical tumor markers
Authors: J. Chang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

17137 Background: Cancer is influenced by oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Several tumor markers have been applied clinically in malignancy. A malignant pleural effusion may be an initial presentation of cancer and the presence of malignancy is confirmed by pleural cytology and biopsy. However, other diagnostic modalities are limited and not defined clearly, especially in cases of negative results from traditional diagnostic tool. Here, I investigated p53 and FHIT mutations and microsatellite alterations(MA) in the pleural effusion associated with malignancy(ME). Also, the diagnostic values of CEA, NSE, and CYFRA 21–1 as markers of malignant pleural effusion in lung cancer were assessed together. Methods: The genetic analyses of pleural fluid were done in 40 patients with ME and in the pleural fluid of 17 patients with tuberculous pleurisy(TB) as a control group. Levels of CEA, NSE, and CYFRA 21–1 were measured by immunoassay in the serum and pleural fluid of 34 patients with primary lung cancer and of 16 patients with TB. Results: p53 mutations were detected in 13% of ME and 0% of TB, and FHIT mutations were detected in 18% of ME and 12% of TB. Among 4 microsatellite markers; D3S1234, D3S1285, D9S171, and TP53, loss of heterozygosity(LOH) and microsatellite instability(MI) were observed for each group. MA including LOH and MI in at least one marker was seen 63% of ME cases vs. 35% of TB cases. Patients with lung cancer were found to have significantly higher serum and pleural fluid levels of CEA and CYFRA 21–1 than patients with tuberculous pleurisy. Using cut-off values of 5 ng/ml, 20 ng/ml, and 45 ng/ml for pleural fluid CEA, NSE, and CYFRA 21–1, the sensitivities and specificities were as follows: CEA; 82% and 94%, NSE; 36% and 94%, and CYFRA 21–1; 61% and 81%. A combination of pleural fluid CEA and NSE increased sensitivity and specificity. Conclusions: Although still limited in terms of sensitivity and specificity, this study shows that the determinations of CEA and NSE in pleural fluid enhance diagnostic yield better than all the other combination of tumor markers in malignant pleural effusion, especially in lung cancer and molecular diagnostic strategies including microsatellite alterations are possibly applied for the diagnosis of malignant effusion. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Bilateral and unilateral ECT: effects on verbal and nonverbal memory
Authors: S R Squire, P C Slater
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1978)

The memory loss associated with bilateral and nondominant unilateral ECT was assessed with verbal memory tests known to be sensitive to left temporal lobe dysfunction and with nonverbal memory tests known to be sensitive to right temporal lobe dysfunction. Bilateral ECT markedly impaired delayed retention of verbal and nonverbal material. Right unilateral ECT impaired delayed retention of nonverbal material without measurably affecting retention of verbal material. Nonverbal memory was affected less by right unilateral ECT than by bilateral ECT. These findings, taken together with a consideration of the clinical efficacy of the two types of treatment, make what appears to be a conclusive case for unilateral over bilateral ECT.
Abstract 19048: Clonal Analysis of Cardiac Tissue Formation Reveals Limited Proliferative Capacity of Mature Cardiomyocytes During Development
Authors: Paniz Kamran, Konstantina Ioanna Sereti, Shah R Ali, Ali Subat, Humberto Contreras-Trujillo H, Peng Zhao, Nicholas Wisniewski, Alan Garfinkel, Reza Ardehali
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Strong evidence supports the ability of the heart to generate new cardiomyocytes during development and in response to injury albeit at a very low rate. However, it still remains unclear whether the newly formed cells originate from cardiac progenitor/stem cells or pre-existing cardiomyocytes capable of proliferation. Identification of the cell populations responsible for new cardiomyocyte formation is imperative towards the development of novel clinical strategies. Herein, we hypothesized that cardiac progenitor cells are the main source of the new cardiomyocytes generated during development while contribution of pre-existing cardiomyocytes is limited. For clonal analysis of cardiomyocyte formation we utilized a stochastic multicolor reporter system called Rainbow that allows random marking of cells with the fluorescent proteins Cerulean (CFP), mOrange or mCherry upon Cre-mediated recombination. Selective labeling of cardiomyocytes was achieved by crossing Rainbow mice αMHC-CreER mice. As control Actin-CreER;Rainbow mice were used where all types of cells can be labeled. Rare recombination events were induced at embryonic day E12.5 and clone formation and expansion were retrospectively analyzed at different time-points from E15.5 to postnatal day P30. To determine at which developmental stage cardiac cells lose their ability to proliferate, recombination was induced at different time-points from early embryonic to postnatal life and analysis was performed at P30. αMHC-CreER;Rainbow hearts exhibited mainly single colored cells randomly distributed within the tissue. A few doublets and some rare four-cell clones were observed. In Actin-CreER;Rainbow mice, we observed clones ranging from two to more than twenty cells. Clone formation and expansion decreased with age. Interestingly we observed clones consisting of more than one cell types indicating the existence of a common progenitor cell. We show that αMHC-positive cardiomyocyte proliferation is limited during development while non-αMHC expressing cells exhibit clonal expansion. Our results suggest a possible contribution of cardiac progenitor cells even during late cardiovascular development.
Myelopoietin, an engineered chimeric IL-3 and G-CSF receptor agonist, stimulates multilineage hematopoietic recovery in a nonhuman primate model of radiation-induced myelosuppression
Authors: Thomas J. MacVittie, Ann M. Farese, Walter G. Smith, Charles M. Baum, Earl Burton, John P. McKearn
Journal: Blood (2000)
Psychiatric and neurologic sequelae of infectious mononucleosis
Authors: N Hendler, W Leahy
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1978)

Infectious mononucleosis is usually thought to be a benign disease with occasional neurologic sequelae. Depression, incoordination, a reduction in intellectual ability, and altered EEG patterns were found in two patients; one recovered and the other seemed to have permanent residual effects. The possibility of tranylcypromine as a treatment for the depression and appropriate counselling of patient and family are discussed.
Abstract 10737: Incidence and Risk Factor of Acalculous Cholecystitis as a Complication of Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation Resulting From Vagus Nerve Injury
Authors: Ippei Tsuboi, Yasushi Miyauchi, Meiso Hayashi, Yu-ki Iwasaki, Kenji Yodogawa, Hiroshi Hayashi, Shunsuke Uetake, Kenta Takahashi, Wataru Shimizu
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) may cause vagus nerve injury (VNI). It has been shown that peri-esophageal vagus nerve plexus affects kinetics of the gallbladder as well a...
A patient who changed my life: "You heard all wrong"
Authors: G. Mathai
Journal: BMJ (2000)

“If India's family planning policy has to succeed you all have a part to play.”

As final year medical students, all unmarried, from conservative backgrounds, even the most macho men in my class were beginning to wish that our project was something different, perhaps a nice nutrition study.

The teacher handed out oblong green coloured packets decorated with a red triangle, the family …
Abstract 295: Gas Insufflation in the Stomach During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Using Laryngeal Tube Ventilation in Comparison with Bag-Valve-Mask Ventilation
Authors: Satoshi Yamaga, Kazunobu Une, Michihito Kyo, Kei Suzuki, Yasutake Kobayashi, Itsuo Nakagawa, Koichi Tanigawa
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: Gastric gas insufflation is one of the major complications during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) using bag-valve-mask ventilation (BVM). Among alternative airways, a laryngeal tube (LT) has an esophageal cuff to avoid not only regurgitation of the gastric content, but also gastric gas insufflation. However, the efficacy of this device for preventing the latter complication during CPR remains unknown. Objective: We aimed to compare the gastric gas volumes of patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) who received CPR with either BVM or LT ventilation in a prehospital setting. Methods: This was a retrospective analysis using patient data. From January 2010 to December 2011, 148 OHCA patients with either BVM or LT ventilation were enrolled. We used computed tomographic (CT) scans to measure the gastric gas volume. The pulmonary infiltrates on CT were also evaluated as an indication of pulmonary aspiration. A nasogastric tube was not placed in the patients before CT. Results: The patient background data are shown in the table. Fifty-nine (40%) had BVM ventilation (BVM group) and 89 (60%) had LT ventilation (LT group). The time spent at the scene was longer in the LT group than in the BVM group (p&lt;0.001). The mean gas volumes in the stomach in the BVM and LT groups were 370.7±344.2 and 388.5±418.4 ml, respectively, with no significant difference. No significant differences were observed in the incidence of pulmonary infiltrates on CT between the groups. Conclusions: We did not find any differences in the gastric gas volume and incidence of pulmonary aspiration between the BVM and LT groups. These data question the effectiveness of LT ventilation for preventing gastric gas insufflation during CPR. Further studies are required to confirm these findings.
Abstract 5453: Endothelial Dysfunction Plays Important Roles on Development of Acute Coronary Syndrome and Fatal Events
Authors: Tatsuaki Murakami, Ikuo Moriuchi
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background and hypothesis: Endothelial dysfunction is thought to contribute to atherothrombogenic process, however we identify little about practical relationship between clinical evolution of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and endothelial dysfunction. This study assessed hypothesis that endothelial dysfunction has clinical impact on development of ACS and the related prognosis. Methods: Endothelial dysfunction was graded by ultrasonic measured reactive changes in lumen diameter of right brachial artery following transient forearm occlusion for 5 minutes (FMD; flow-mediated endothelium-dependent vasodilation) in consecutive 518 patients with stable coronary artery disease. The enrolled patients were categorized into three groups according to the values of FMD, and their cardiovascular and other clinical events were prospectively followed-up for no less than 36 months. Results: For a mean follow-up period of 60 months with 100% follow-up, the patients with severe endothelial dysfunction (FMD&lt;4%; Group-L, n=174), far more frequently developed ACS, compared to those in Group-M with mild endothelial dysfunction (4%≤FMD&lt;8%, n=171) or Group-H with preserved endothelial function (FMD 8% or more, Group-H, n=173), [p&lt;0.001, by Kaplan-Meier analysis], while the patients in group-H remained free from ACS. More than two thirds of the patients with fatal events belonged to Group-L. Cox proportional hazard model analysis showed that severe endothelial dysfunction was the most powerful predictor for future development of ACS (hazard ratio=5.77, 95%confidential interval; 2.52–13.22, p&lt;0.001) and any fatal events (hazard ratio=5.87, 95%confidential interval; 1.26–72.25, p=0.009). Conclusion: These results certainly suggest endothelial dysfunction plays important roles on development of ACS or any fatal events in the near future and strategies based on practical status of endothelial function are required to prevent ACS or fatal clinical events. Relationship Between Incidence of ACS or Fatal Events and Endothelial Dysfunction
Abstract 699: The prognostic value of DNA polymerase ≤ for breast cancers
Authors: Xiyong Liu, Hang Zhang, Sofia Loera, Yasheng Huang, Xutao Deng, Zheng Liu, Suzhan Zhang, Lirong Chen, Shu Zheng, Peiguo Chu, Kai-Ming Chou, Yun Yen
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract DNA polymerase eta (Pol β, POLH) is a eukaryotic DNA polymerase involved in DNA repair by translesion synthesis. To address whether Pol ≤ impacts breast cancer survival, we conducted a retrospective outcome study on 145assessable cases of breast cancers collected from affiliated hospital of Zhejiang University (ZJU set). The results were validated on six published microarray data sets (1,154 cases) with pathoclinical and follow-up information. In the ZJU set, the protein levels of Pol ≤ were determined by IHC. The specificity of antibody against Pol ≤ was validated by using peptide blocking assay. It was shown that protein expression level of Pol ≤ positively correlates with cell proliferative marker Ki-67 (trends P=0.019). The Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that Pol ≤ was significantly related that better overall survival in breast cancer patients who received chemotherapy or radiotherapy (Log rank p=0.003). Multivariate COX analysis further confirmed that the hazard ratio (HR) of Pol ≤ for overall and progress-free survival were 0.23(95% CI 0.05-0.95) and 0.32(0.11-0.96). Further stratification analysis demonstrated that Pol ≤ prognoses better survival in Luminal A and B molecular subtypes (HR=0.155 95% CI 0.04-0.62), but not HER 2 Positive or Triple negative breast cancer. Above findings were further validated in public microarray database. In Ivshina's dataset, the increase of POLH mRNA was significantly and negatively related with lymphnode involvement in a dose-dependent manner (trend p=0.044). The Kaplan-Meier analysis also revealed that the mRNA levels of POLH was significantly related to progress-free survival of breast cancer. In Chin's data, multivariate COX analysis also revealed that the HR increased significantly as with increase of POLH mRNA levels (HR= 0.22 95% CI 0.03-0.86, highest quartile vs. lowest quartile). Above findings suggested that the protein and mRNA expression levels of Pol ≤ prognoses better survival in breast cancer, especially in Luminal A or B breast cancers. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 699. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-699
Outbreaks associated to large open air festivals, including music festivals, 1980 to 2012
Authors: E Botelho-Nevers, P Gautret
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2013)

In the minds of many, large scale open air festivals have become associated with spring and summer, attracting many people, and in the case of music festivals, thousands of music fans. These festivals share the usual health risks associated with large mass gatherings, including transmission of communicable diseases and risk of outbreaks. Large scale open air festivals have however specific characteristics, including outdoor settings, on-site housing and food supply and the generally young age of the participants. Outbreaks at large scale open air festivals have been caused by Cryptosporium parvum, Campylobacter spp., Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, Shigella sonnei, Staphylococcus aureus, hepatitis A virus, influenza virus, measles virus, mumps virus and norovirus. Faecal-oral and respiratory transmissions of pathogens result from non-compliance with hygiene rules, inadequate sanitation and insufficient vaccination coverage. Sexual transmission of infectious diseases may also occur and is likely to be underestimated and underreported. Enhanced surveillance during and after festivals is essential. Preventive measures such as immunisations of participants and advice on-site and via social networks should be considered to reduce outbreaks at these large scale open air festivals.