tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Blood-injury phobia: a review
Authors: I Marks
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1988)

Natural human uneasiness about blood, injury, or deformity sometimes becomes a specific phobia, which can lead to serious disability if vital medical procedures are refused. Blood-injury phobia usually starts in childhood and is often familial. Unlike other phobic cues, which cause persistent tachycardia, blood-injury phobic cues evoke an initial rise in heart rate followed by vasovagal bradycardia and, frequently, syncope. Although blood-injury phobia may have an evolutionary, genetic, and physiological basis, it can be treated effectively by exposure. The tendency to faint early in exposure therapy can be reduced by lying down, tensing the muscles, or inducing anger.
Delayed epidemic peak of pandemic influenza A (H1N1-2009) among hospital workers: The association between hand hygiene behavior and the consumption of disposable hand paper
Authors: Hiroo Wada, Kojiro Honda, Masuo Nakamura, Hajime Goto, Shin Kawai
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction:  Health care workers should wash their hand in the season of influenza virus infection. Since the frequent hand-washing behavior would result in the increased consumption in the disposable hand paper, the association firstly between the campaign by infection control team (ICT) and the consumption of disposable hand papers was investigated, and, then, that between the consumption and the number of patients with influenza-like illness (ILI) in the season of pandemic influenza H1N1-pnd 2009.   Result & discussion:  ICT had given 6 alerting lectures and delivered 5 notices to all of the hospital workers prior to the pandemic to encourage the them for the frequent hand hygiene. As a probable result, the consumption of paper towel increased by 43% for three months from September to November. In parallel with the epidemiologic treand of the whole Japan, among 8,324 outpatients in total who were diagnosed with ILI in the observed period, 33% of them visited our hospital at October, forming a peak through the term. On the other hand, interestingly speaking, 208 hospital staffs suffered ILI in the season, while they formed a small peak at December, and significantly later than that of the out patients in October (P=0.0010).   Conclusion:  Our observation indicated that the campaign by ICT was successful in delaying the peak of patients with influenza H1N1-pnd 2009 in the hospital workers, by encouraging them for the frequent hand hygiene behavior. Furthermore, the consumption of disposable hand paper can be an indicator of hand hygiene behavior.
Abstract 2915: Circulating Fas in Subjects with Acute Cardiomyopathy and Myocarditis: Results from IMAC 1
Authors: George Angheloiu, Dana M Wright, Randall C Starling, G. William Dec, Guillermo Torre-Amione, Jeffrey Alexis, Richard Sheppard, Douglas Mann, Charles McTiernan, Dennis M McNamara
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Introduction In acute cardiomyopathy (ACM), lower myocardial Fas expression is predictive of greater LV recovery during follow up. Whether circulating Fas reflects myocardial activity and predicts recovery is unknown. We examined the predictive value of serum Fas, and its correlation with myocardial expression in subjects in the multicenter IMAC 1 (Intervention in Myocarditis and Acute Cardiomyopathy) trial. Methods Sixty-two subjects with recent onset dilated CM were enrolled in the IMAC 1 trial between 1996 and 1999. Plasma TNF, soluble TNF receptors 1 and 2, and serum Fas were measured (via ELISA) at entry in 56 subjects. In 20 subjects, myocardial expression of Fas was assessed by RNAse protection assay (RPA). Improvement in LVEF was assessed by radionuclide angiography at 6 and 12 months, and subjects were followed prospectively for up to 3 years. The correlation of serum Fas to circulating TNF and TNFR, and to myocardial Fas was assessed. The predictive value of serum Fas was assessed by comparison of Fas tertiles. Results The cohort (37M/25F, entry LVEF 0.25 ± 0.08, age 43 ± 12) had a mean serum Fas of 2.6 ± 1.4 ng/ml. Higher NYHA class was associated with higher Fas level (ng/ml): I/II/III/IV=2.4 ± 1.0/2.4 ± 1.1/2.7 ± 1.0/4.1 ± 2.9, p=0.035). Serum Fas demonstrated no correlation with myocardial Fas expression (r=0.169, p=0.50), but was tightly correlated with plasma TNF (r=0.75, p=0.001), TNFRI (r=0.73, p=0.001) and TNFRII (r=0.75, p=0.001). Examination of serum Fas tertiles demonstrate that low Fas was associated with higher RVEF at entry (0.39 ± 0.12 versus 0.31 ± 0.10, p=0.04), but not baseline LVEF (0.25 ± 0.08 versus 0.25 ± 0.09, p=0.97). Low Fas was associated with a trend toward higher improvement in LVEF at 12 months (change LVEF=0.19 ± 0.11, versus 0.12 ± 0.14, p=0.10) which failed to reach significance. Event free survival was similar in the low serum Fas and higher Fas tertiles (p=0.78). Conclusion Serum Fas was strongly correlated with plasma cytokines (TNF, TNFRI and TNFRII), NYHA class and RVEF. Serum Fas was not correlated with myocardial Fas, and Fas tertiles did not predict subsequent improved LVEF or event free survival. In ACM, serum Fas may reflect systemic peripheral inflammation rather than myocardial processes.
Abstract 3567: Association between Four SNPs on Chromosome 9p21 and Coronary Artery Disease in a South Korean Population
Authors: Gong-Qing Shen, Lin Li, Ji Min Ban, Bok-Soo Lee, Jeong Euy Park, Qing K Wang
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Two recent, independent genome-wide SNP association studies identified four SNP variants on chromosome 9p21 that were associate with coronary artery disease (CAD: rs10757274, rs2383206)...
Single B-cell deconvolution of peanut-specific antibody responses in allergic patients
Authors: Ramona A. Hoh, Shilpa A. Joshi, Yi Liu, Chen Wang, Krishna M. Roskin, Ji-Yeun Lee, Tho Pham, Tim J. Looney, Katherine J.L. Jackson, Vaishali P. Dixit, Jasmine King, Shu-Chen Lyu, Jennifer Jenks, Robert G. Hamilton, Kari C. Nadeau, Scott D. Boyd
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2015)
A Subcutaneously Administered RNAi Therapeutic (ALN-AT3) Targeting Antithrombin for Treatment of Hemophilia: Interim Phase 1 Study Results in Healthy Volunteers and Patients with Hemophilia a or B
Authors: Benny Sorensen, Tim Mant, Akin Akinc, Amy Simon, Lauren Melton, Christian Lynam, Andrew Strahs, Alfica Sehgal, Renta Hutabarat, Prasoon Chaturvedi, Scott Barros, Akshay Vaishnaw, Aln-AT Investigators
Journal: Blood (2014)
Abstract 3226: Differences in Risk of Death according to Type of Oral Glucose-lowering Therapy in Patients with Diabetes: A Nationwide Study
Authors: Tina Ken Schramm, Gunnar H Gislason, Rigs Hospet, Soren Rasmussen, Casper H Jorgensen, Fredrik Folke, Morten L Hansen, Emil L Fosbol, Ditte-Marie Bretler, Lars Kober, Allan Vaag, Christian Torp-Pedersen
Journal: Circulation (2008)
Abstract 21715: Transgenic Expression of S100a12 in Vascular Smooth Muscle Accelerates Atherosclerosis and Promotes Vascular Calcification
Authors: MarionHofmann Bowman, JoeGawdzik, JudyEarle, GeneKim, ElizabethMcNally
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: S100A12 is a proinflammatory protein endogenously expressed in myeloid cells and is induced in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) under pathological conditions such as coronary artery plaque rupture. We previously showed that C57BL6/J mice with VSMC targeted expression of S100A12 develop vascular degeneration and thoracic aortic aneurysms. We now tested the hypothesis that S100A12 augments atherosclerosis and possibly features of plaque instability. Methods: S100A12 transgenic C57BL6/J mice were backcrossed 4 generations into ApoE null mice (S100A12-TG) and compared to wild type ApoE null littermate mice (WT). Mice (n=16 for each group) were kept on rodent chow and analyzed at age 4 and 11 months by in-vivo ultrasound, histology and gene expression studies in aortic tissue. Results: At 11 month of age, S100A12-TG mice had larger aortic roots (2.1 ±0.2 vs. 1.6 ±0.2 mm, p<0.01) and larger atherosclerotic plaque size (1.4 fold in aortic arch and 1.5 fold in innominate artery, p<0.05). Atheroscle...
Medication and preventive measures for COPD in the BOLD study
Authors: Louisa Gnatiuc, Bernet Kato, Sonia Coton, Sonia Buist, Peter Burney
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background: Inhaled beclomethasone and salbutamol are three to five times as expensive in poorest settings resulting in poor access (Ait-Khaled N, Rev Mal Respir 2006, 23, 10S76-10S79). We used the BOLD data to describe differences in reported medication use for COPD.  Methods: Preventive measures for COPD (flu vaccine in last year, advice or medication ever to stop smoking) and use of respiratory medications in the last year among population-based samples of adults aged 40+ with spirometrically defined COPD, were assessed across 18 BOLD sites.  Results: Over 14,300 subjects had information on flu vaccine and medication use. Over 7,900 had information on smoking cessation. Prevention strategies and medication use were significantly more common in the High Income Countries (HIC) and in people with COPD than in Low and Middle Income Countries (LMIC) and those with normal spirometry (p  Bronchodilators and inhaled corticosteroids use increased with age, severity of COPD, BMI, any comorbidity or respiratory symptom and it was higher among the unemployed (p  Conclusion: The use of COPD prevention and medication is significantly higher in HICs than in LMICs. Improving access to care in LMICs is important, as is understanding risk factors for low medication uptake.
Talc Pleurodesis With Intense 18F-FDG Activity But No 68Ga-DOTA-TATE Activity on PET/CT
Authors: Georgios Z. Papadakis, Corina Millo, Ulas Bagci, Nicholas J. Patronas, Constantine A. Stratakis
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

Talc pleurodesis (TP) is a technique, widely employed in the management of patients with persistent pleural effusions or pneumothoraces not amenable to other treatment options. It is well documented that talc deposits produce areas of highly increased F-FDG uptake, because of talc-induced inflammation. We present a case of a patient with history of TP who was evaluated with both F-FDG and Ga-DOTA-TATE. The hypermetabolic area seen on F-FDG-PET-CT in the region of talc placement showed no uptake by Ga-DOTA-TATE, suggesting the potential role of Ga-DOTA-TATE-PET-CT in elucidating F-FDG-postitive lesions in patients with history of both neuroendocrine malignancy and TP.
Usefulness of contacting other experts when conducting literature searches
Authors: P. Chariot, V. Pautot, S. Due, R J McManus, S Wilson, B C Delaney, D A Fitzmaurice, R S Tobias, S Jowett, F D R Hobbs, C J Hyde
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Editor—McManus et al described the usefulness of hand searching and contacting other experts when conducting a literature search.1 The eight authors were all contributors, and one of them acted as guarantor.1

As occasional authors of systematic reviews we were particularly interested in the assertion that “electronic databases, such as Medline, may detect only about half of papers identified by the gold standard of hand searching journals.” We read the paper cited as the reference for this information. It was another BMJ article.2 We could not, however, find the original data suggesting that hand searching is a gold standard, or that electronic databases find only half of relevant papers. Reference was made to another work. Whether this was the original source of data is still unclear to us, since the reference was not an to article or even an abstract but to a communication presented at a workshop held in March 1992.

McManus et al’s short paper was on medical publication and was published in a leading journal in this field. A major reference regarding the background and the results of the study was the secondary citation of a paper reported at a workshop six years before. Papers reported at meetings should be cited only in the text, not as formal references,3 and secondary citations should be identified. If a work unpublished several years after oral presentation deserves mention it should be presented unambiguously to readers.

Only a fraction of readers can afford to spend time scrutinising the literature cited and to check the validity of references. Whether this should be done by the editor, the referees, the contributors, or the guarantor can be debated.
Abstract 5804: Validation of a Body Mass Index Adapted Scanning Protocol for Low-Dose 64-Slice CT Coronary Angiography with Prospective ECG-Triggering
Authors: Fuminari Tatsugami, Lars Husmann, Bernhard A Herzog, Nina Burkhard, Ines Valenta, Oliver Gaemperli, Christophe A Wyss, Ulf Landmesser, Philipp A Kaufmann
Journal: Circulation (2008)

As an increase in body mass index (BMI) confers a higher image noise in computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA), we have validated a BMI-adapted scanning protocol for low-dose 64-slice CTCA with prospective electrocardiogram (ECG)-triggering. One-hundred-one consecutive patients underwent CTCA with prospective ECG-triggering, using a fixed contrast material protocol (80mL iodixanol, 50mL saline chaser, flow rate of 5mL/sec). Tube voltage and current were adapted to BMI (table ). Attenuation (Houndsfield units, HU) was measured and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) calculated for the proximal right coronary artery (RCA) and left main artery (LMA). Image noise was determined as the standard deviation of attenuation in the ascending aorta. Mean BMI was 25.7±4.3kg/m 2 (range 18.2–38.8kg/m 2 ) the mean effective radiation dose was 2.1±0.7mSv (range 1.0 –3.2mSv). There was no significant correlation between BMI and image noise (r= 0.11, P = 0.284), indicating optimal protocol adjustment. However, BMI was inversely correlated to vessel attenuation (RCA: r=−0.45, P &lt;0.001; LMA: r=−0.47, P &lt;0.001), and CNR (RCA: r=−0.39, P &lt;0.001; LMA: r=−0.37, P &lt;0.001). The proposed BMI-adapted scanning parameters results in similar image noise regardless of BMI. Increased bolus dilution due to larger blood volume may have contributed to a decrease in CNR and vessel attenuation in higher BMI as a fixed contrast material bolus was used. Table
Affective disorders among pathological gamblers seeking treatment
Authors: Richard A. McCormick, Angel M. Russo, Luis F. Ramirez, Julian I. Taber
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1984)

Clinical impressions and psychological testing suggest that pathological gamblers demonstrate a high incidence of affective disorders. To assess the frequency of such disorders, the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia was administered to 50 patients admitted successively to the gambling treatment program of a VA hospital. Seventy-six percent of the subjects were diagnosed as having major depressive disorder and 38% as having hypomanic disorder according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria. The patients with major depressive disorder and one patient with schizoaffective disorder, depressed type, were significantly more likely to miss work often due to gambling. A large number of patients displayed suicidal tendencies.
Some of the Difficulties in the Diagnosis of Cancer of the Internal Organs
Authors: John M. Swan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1929)

Article1 January 1929Some of the Difficulties in the Diagnosis of Cancer of the Internal OrgansJOHN M. SWAN, M.D., F.A.C.P.JOHN M. SWAN, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-2-7-650 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIn 1927, 14,254 people died of cancer in the State of New York. Of these deaths, 7,448 or 52.2 per cent occurred in the City of New York, and 6,806 or 47.8 per cent occurred in the remainder of the State. There were 4,790 cases of death from cancer of the stomach and liver, or 33.6 per cent of all the deaths from cancer. Of these deaths 2,547 occurred in New York City, or 53.1 per cent, and 2,243 occurred in the remainder of the state, 46.9 per cent. There were 2,404 deaths from cancer of the peritoneum, intestines and... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Rochester, New York New York State Committee American Society for the Control of Cancer*Read at a meeting of the Staff of the Park Avenue Hospital, Rochester, January 11, 1928. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 January 1929Volume 2, Issue 7Page: 650-657KeywordsLiverPeritoneumStomach ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 January 1929 PDF downloadLoading ...
How to read a paper: Papers that summarise other papers (systematic reviews and meta-analyses)
Authors: T. Greenhalgh
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Remember the essays you used to write as a student? You would browse through the indexes of books and journals until you came across a paragraph that looked relevant, and copied it out. If anything you found did not fit in with the theory you were proposing, you left it out. This, more or less, constitutes the methodology of the journalistic review—an overview of primary studies which have not been identified or analysed in a systematic (standardised and objective) way. #### Summary points A systematic review is an overview of primary studies that used explicit and reproducible methods A meta-analysis is a mathematical synthesis of the results of two or more primary studies that addressed the same hypothesis in the same way Although meta-analysis can increase the precision of a result, it is important to ensure that the methods used for the review were valid and reliable In contrast, a systematic review is an overview of primary studies which contains an explicit statement of objectives, materials, and methods and has been conducted according to explicit and reproducible methodology (fig 1). Fig 1 Methodology for a systematic review of randomised controlled trials1 Some advantages of the systematic review are given in box. When a systematic review is undertaken, not only must the search for relevant articles be thorough and objective, but the criteria used to reject articles as “flawed” must be explicit and independent of the results of those trials. The most enduring and useful systematic reviews, notably those undertaken by the Cochrane Collaboration, are regularly updated to incorporate new evidence.2 ### Box 1: Advantages of systematic reviews3 RETURN TO TEXT
Cytosine Deaminase Adenoviral Vector and 5-Fluorocytosine Selectively Reduce Breast Cancer Cells 1 Million-Fold When They Contaminate Hematopoietic Cells: A Potential Purging Method for Autologous Transplantation
Authors: F. Garcia-Sanchez, G. Pizzorno, S.Q. Fu, T. Nanakorn, D.S. Krause, J. Liang, E. Adams, J.J. Leffert, L.H. Yin, M.R. Cooperberg, E. Hanania, W.L. Wang, J.H. Won, X.Y. Peng, R. Cote, R. Brown, B. Burtness, R. Giles, R. Crystal, A.B. Deisseroth
Journal: Blood (1998)
Task Force: Guidelines for the problem of sepsis (ESICM)
Authors: Jean Louis Vincent, L. Thijs, Konrad Reinhart, J. Hazelzet, Christian Brun-Buisson, Jean Carlet, Jean-Roger Le Gall, Peter Suter, Jukka Takala, Jonathan Cohen, J.D. Edwards, Michel Glauser, Antonino Gullo, M. Hemmer, Marc Lamy, Matthias Langer, Jordi Rello, H.P. Schuster, David Bihari, J. Goris
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (1994)
Assessment of <sup>18</sup>FDG PET and pathological response following neoadjuvant chemotherapy for oesophageal cancer
Authors: C. Harrison, R. M. Park, C. O’Neill, D. McManus, S. Hughes, D. Carey, A. Kennedy, J. McGuigan, K. McManus, M. Eatock
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

14026 Background: Response to chemoradiation for oesophageal carcinoma on PET scanning is associated with pathological response and survival. Recent trials suggest that neoadjuvant chemotherapy for oesophageal cancer improves disease free and overall survival. We have examined the relationship between PET and histopathological response in those who have undergone surgical resection following preoperative chemotherapy in Northern Ireland. Methods: We assessed 20 consecutive patients with resectable oesophageal cancer. Staging in all patients included an endoscopic ultrasound scan and PET scan before and after preoperative chemotherapy and a PET scan after pre-operative chemotherapy. PET response (≥50% decrease in SUVmax) and pathological response were assessed independently by a Nuclear Medicine specialist and two histopathologists. Evidence of histopathological response was assessed using the Mandard criteria and by determining the proportion of the total blocks of tumour with evidence of viable disease. Results: 20 have been treated, 15 males and 5 females with a median age of 68 (range 39–76). Clinical staging suggested stage III disease in 12 patients (60%), stage IIa in 6 (30%), stage IIb and IVa disease 1 in each group. 16 patients with adenocarcinoma received 3 cycles of ECF chemotherapy and 4 with squamous cell carcinoma received 2 cycles of Cisplatin/5FU chemotherapy. The median time to surgery from first chemotherapy was 101 days (range 84–165). Final pathological stage was less than predicted by pre-treatment staging in 9 patients (45%). PET response was seen in 10 patients (50%), of these, 9 had a Mandard score of ≤3. With median followup of 8 months (range 3–21 months), 18 patients (81.9%) are alive disease free, 3 (13.6%) have died from disease, 1 (4.5%) died postoperatively. Conclusions: In this small series evidence of response to pre-operative chemotherapy assessed by reduction in SUVmax on 18FDG PET scanning is associated with pathological response. We suggest that this association is worthy of further evaluation and prospective investigation. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Does Microvolt T-Wave Alternans Testing Predict Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias in Patients With Ischemic Cardiomyopathy and Prophylactic Defibrillators?
Authors: Theodore Chow, Dean J. Kereiakes, John Onufer, Alan Woelfel, Sinan Gursoy, Brett J. Peterson, Mark L. Brown, Wenji Pu, David G. Benditt
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2008)
Progress and Hurdles for Follow-on Biologics
Authors: Ameet Sarpatwari, Jerry Avorn, Aaron S. Kesselheim
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

Interview with Dr. Aaron Kesselheim on the challenges of bringing follow-on biologic drugs to the market. (12:27)Download Thanks to a new regulatory pathway created by the 2010 Biologics Price Competition and Innovation Act, the FDA has now approved its first biosimilar drug, filgrastim-sndz. The challenges to achieving savings from follow-on biologics are large but not insurmountable.
Diagnostic accuracy and cost-benefit issues
Authors: M. N. Maisey
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1998)

New investigations have frequently been introduced with little or no evaluation of either their diagnostic performance or the influence they have on patient management. This deficiency has become particularly important over the past two decades as major new diagnostic technologies, including nuclear medicine, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT) and ultrasound, have been introduced into clinical medicine, and there has been an increasing pressure to contain costs. The Council on Science and Society report in 1983 noted the haphazard manner in which expensive technologies were introduced, and also that an assessment was considered with very little concern for patient reactions or to the social and psychological consequences.
Corrigendum to “Magnetic resonance beacon to detect intracellular microRNA during neurogenesis” [Biomaterials 41 (2015) 69–78]
Authors: Jonghwan Lee, Yeon A. Jin, Hae Young Ko, Yong Seung Lee, Hyejung Heo, Sujeong Cho, Soonhag Kim
Journal: Biomaterials (2015)