tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
American College of Nuclear Medicine 2025 ACNM Annual Meeting Abstracts January 30, 2025–February 1, 2025, Anaheim, CA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2025)

Each year, more than 500 attendees gather at the SNMMI Mid-Winter and American College of Nuclear Medicine (ACNM) Annual Meeting to collaborate with experts in the field, enhance their skills, and apply their newfound knowledge at their clinics. Each year, young professionals (in training or within 10 y of graduation) are encouraged to submit original clinical or scientific abstracts for the chance to present their research at the ACNM Annual Meeting as a poster or oral presentation. The accepted abstracts are published in Clinical Nuclear Medicine . These are the abstracts from the 2025 SNMMI Mid-Winter and ACNM Annual Meeting, which was held January 30, 2025–February 1, 2025, Anaheim, CA (see Supplemental Abstracts, http://links.lww.com/CNM/A541).
99mTc-PSMA Scintigraphy in Splenic Hemangioma
Authors: Ahmad Ghasemifard, Amin Saber Tanha, Faeze Rabani, Amir Behforouz, Emran Askari
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2025)

A 67-year-old man was referred for initial staging of prostate adenocarcinoma (Gleason score 4+3, 7/12 cores positive). A 99m Tc-PSMA scintigraphy revealed localized uptake in the right prostate lobe (miTNM: T 2m N 0 M 0 , and PRIMARY score: 5) and increased uptake in a hypo-dense splenic lesion (PSMA-RADS-3C), which was subsequently confirmed as a hemangioma on further evaluations. This case underscores the potential for false-positive 99m Tc-PSMA uptake in splenic hemangiomas, highlighting the importance of considering this possibility in clinical practice.
Sickle cell disease induces chromatin introversion and ferroptosis in CD8+ T cells to suppress anti-tumor immunity
Authors: Zilong Zhao, Benxia Hu, Yalan Deng, Melinda Soeung, Jun Yao, Lanxin Bei, Yaohua Zhang, Pengju Gong, Lisa A Huang, Zhou Jiang, Jian Gao, Shuang Peng, Tina K Nguyen, Menuka Karki, Bora Lim, Cassian Yee, Jared K Burks, Qing Zhang, Li Ma, Jianjun Gao, Nizar M Tannir, Leng Han, Dihua Yu, Linghua Wang, Michael A Curran, Maria A Gubbiotti, Giannicola Genovese, Boyi Gan, Wenbo Li, Pavlos Msaouel, Liuqing Yang, Chunru Lin
Journal: Immunity (2025)
Loss-of-function variants in <i>DUSP1</i> encoding dual specificity phosphatase 1 cause palmoplantar keratoderma
Authors: Kiril Malovitski, Yarden Feller, Moshe Giladi, Ajit B Janagond, Namratha Shivaraj, Gurushantappa Kadakol, Lubna Khair, Sari Assaf, Janan Mohamad, Rawaa Ishtewy, Alexander Ildardashty, Liat Samuelov, Ofer Sarig, Arun C Inamadar, Eli Sprecher
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2025)

Abstract Background Dual specificity phosphatase 1 (DUSP1) has recently been shown to regulate keratinocytes (KCs) proliferation through ERK signaling. Aims We aimed at delineating the genetic basis underlying inherited palmoplantar keratoderma (PPK) in two families. Material and Methods We used whole exome and direct sequencing, RT-qPCR, protein modeling, immunofluorescence confocal microscopy, immunoblotting, three-dimensional skin equivalents and the dispase dissociation assay. Results Whole exome sequencing revealed two variants in DUSP1 (c.809T&amp;gt;G, p.Leu270Arg and c.251T&amp;gt;A, p.Val84Glu) encoding DUSP1, in four individuals with PPK belonging to two unrelated families affected by a semi-dominant form of PPK. Bioinformatics and protein modeling predicted the variants to be pathogenic. Primary human KCs transfected with constructs expressing the PPK-causing pathogenic variants in DUSP1 showed decreased DUSP1 expression and concomitant increased expression of p-ERK1/2 as well as reduced DSG1 expression. Accordingly, primary human KCs downregulated for DUSP1 displayed disrupted cell-to-cell adhesion, increased p-ERK1/2 and reduced DSG1 expression. Three-dimensional organotypic skin equivalents downregulated for DUSP1 demonstrated reduced DSG1 expression and increased epidermal thickness, reminiscent of the human phenotype. ERK1/2 inhibition rescued this abnormal phenotype. Conclusions The present study attributes to DUSP1 a hitherto unrecognized role in epidermal differentiation and expand the spectrum of genetic defects known to cause inherited PPK.
A sandwich-like nanofibrous scaffold with macrophage phenotype transformation and myogenic differentiation for skeletal muscle regeneration
Authors: Shue Jin, Yongrui Cai, Yaxing Li, Jing Wen, Xiaoxue Fu, Ping Song, Pengyu Lu, Anjing Chen, Zeyu Luo, Weinan Zeng, Jidong Li, Zongke Zhou
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2025)
A survey of deep-learning-based radiology report generation using multimodal inputs
Authors: Xinyi Wang, Grazziela Figueredo, Ruizhe Li, Wei Emma Zhang, Weitong Chen, Xin Chen
Journal: Medical Image Analysis (2025)

Automatic radiology report generation can alleviate the workload for physicians and minimize regional disparities in medical resources, therefore becoming an important topic in the medical image analysis field. It is a challenging task, as the computational model needs to mimic physicians to obtain information from multi-modal input data (i.e., medical images, clinical information, medical knowledge, etc.), and produce comprehensive and accurate reports. Recently, numerous works have emerged to address this issue using deep-learning-based methods, such as transformers, contrastive learning, and knowledge-base construction. This survey summarizes the key techniques developed in the most recent works and proposes a general workflow for deep-learning-based report generation with five main components, including multi-modality data acquisition, data preparation, feature learning, feature fusion and interaction, and report generation. The state-of-the-art methods for each of these components are highlighted. Additionally, we summarize the latest developments in large model-based methods and model explainability, along with public datasets, evaluation methods, current challenges, and future directions in this field. We have also conducted a quantitative comparison between different methods in the same experimental setting. This is the most up-to-date survey that focuses on multi-modality inputs and data fusion for radiology report generation. The aim is to provide comprehensive and rich information for researchers interested in automatic clinical report generation and medical image analysis, especially when using multimodal inputs, and to assist them in developing new algorithms to advance the field.
Screening for Syphilis Infection During Pregnancy
Authors: Michael Silverstein, John B. Wong, Esa M. Davis, David Chelmow, Tumaini Rucker Coker, Alicia Fernandez, Ericka Gibson, Carlos Roberto Jaén, Marie Krousel-Wood, Sei Lee, Wanda K. Nicholson, Goutham Rao, John M. Ruiz, James Stevermer, Joel Tsevat, Sandra Millon Underwood, Sarah Wiehe
Journal: JAMA (2025)

Importance Untreated syphilis infection during pregnancy can be passed to the fetus, causing congenital syphilis. Congenital syphilis is associated with premature birth, low birth weight, stillbirth, neonatal death, and significant abnormalities in the infant such as deformed bones, anemia, enlarged liver and spleen, jaundice, brain and nerve problems (eg, permanent vision or hearing loss), and meningitis. In 2023, there were 3882 cases of congenital syphilis in the US, including 279 congenital syphilis–related stillbirths and neonatal/infant deaths, the highest number reported in more than 30 years. Objective The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a reaffirmation evidence update focused on the benefits and harms of screening for syphilis infection in pregnancy. Population Adolescents and adults who are pregnant. Evidence Assessment The USPSTF concludes with high certainty that screening for syphilis infection in pregnancy has a substantial net benefit. Recommendation The USPSTF recommends early, universal screening for syphilis infection during pregnancy; if an individual is not screened early in pregnancy, the USPSTF recommends screening at the first available opportunity. (A recommendation)
School-Based Health Centers and School Attendance in Rural Areas
Authors: Chris Kjolhede, Wendy M. Brunner, John W. Sipple
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2025)

Importance School-based health centers (SBHCs) provide students with convenient access to physical, mental, and dental health services, which is particularly important in rural areas with long travel distances and limited availability of primary care. Objective To examine the association between SBHCs and school attendance in a rural region. Design, Setting, and Participants This cross-sectional study compared attendance rates among students in school districts with and without SBHCs in rural upstate New York. Student attendance data from the 2015 to 2016 through the 2018 to 2019 school years were obtained for 52 schools in 32 districts within a regional education service area. Analysis included students in kindergarten through 12th grade from 18 schools in 14 districts with SBHCs and 34 schools in 18 districts without SBHCs. Multivariable logistic regression was used to model the association between SBHC access and risk of chronic absenteeism. Statistical analysis was performed from May 2024 to February 2025. Exposure Access vs no access to an SBHC based on which district a student was enrolled in. In districts with SBHCs, all schools had SBHCs. Main Outcomes and Measures Absenteeism was calculated as the number of days absent divided by the total days enrolled and classified by federal and state chronic absenteeism categories: not at risk (0%-4.99% absent), at risk of chronic absenteeism (5%-9.99% absent), and chronically absent (≥10% absent). Results Attendance data were available for 66 303 students (kindergarten through 12th grade; 49.4% female) during 4 years: 30 046 from SBHC districts and 36 257 from non-SBHC districts. Across all but 1 school year, non-SBHC students were significantly more likely than SBHC students to be classified as chronically absent or at risk for chronic absenteeism. Students in SBHC districts had 12% greater odds of being not at risk for chronic absenteeism after accounting for grade, sex, school year, economic disadvantage, and community characteristics of wealth and district size (odds ratio, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.08-1.16). Evidence of a stronger association was found between SBHC access and reduced absenteeism among elementary school students and among children attending schools with higher student poverty and higher community wealth. Conclusions and Relevance This cross-sectional study of rural students in kindergarten through 12th grade found that students in SBHC districts had significantly fewer absences than students in non-SBHC districts in the same region. These findings suggest that by providing primary care services at school, SBHCs may help decrease absenteeism among students in rural communities.
Fentanyl Test Strip Use and Overdose Risk Reduction Behaviors Among People Who Use Drugs
Authors: Rachel A. Vickers-Smith, Kitty H. Gelberg, Janet E. Childerhose, Denise C. Babineau, Redonna Chandler, James L. David, Lauren D’Costa, Megan Dzurec, Barry Eggleston, Amanda Fallin-Bennett, Laura C. Fanucchi, Soledad Fernandez, Jace Gilbert, Louisa Gilbert, Megan E. Hall, Brooke E. Hiltz, Michael W. Konstan, Kathryn E. Lancaster, Beth Linas, Katherine R. Marks, Nichole Michaels, Jennifer Miles, Fernando Montero, Haley J. Ramsey Harden, Carter Roeber, Mary R. Russo, Rachel Taylor, Melissa A. Theis, Jennifer Villani, Emmanuel Oga, Nabila El-Bassel, Sharon L. Walsh, Bridget Freisthler
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2025)

Importance Illegal fentanyl is driving overdose mortality, and fentanyl test strips (FTS) can be used to test drugs for fentanyl at the point of consumption. Evidence on whether FTS use is associated with overdose risk reduction behaviors is encouraging, but largely limited to smaller, single-site studies. Objective To determine whether self-reported baseline FTS use among people who use drugs (PWUD) was associated with overdose risk reduction behaviors and nonfatal overdose over a 28-day follow-up. Design, Setting, and Participants Multisite, observational cohort study of PWUD conducted from May to December 2023 as an ancillary study of the HEALing Communities Study, which consists of fixed and mobile direct service provision sites in 14 community partner organizations distributing FTS. Participants lived in Kentucky, New York, or Ohio and reported using heroin, fentanyl, cocaine, methamphetamine, or nonprescribed opioids, benzodiazepines, or stimulants within 30 days before baseline. Participants were followed up for a maximum of 37 days. Exposure Baseline FTS use. Main Outcome and Measures The primary outcome was a composite score measuring the self-reported number and frequency of using 8 overdose risk reduction behaviors. Secondary outcomes included multiple measures (eg, self-reported nonfatal overdose). Results The study included 732 participants (median [IQR] age, 41 [34.0-48.0] years; 369 [50.4%] male; 64 [8.9%] Black or African American, 587 [81.3%] White, and 71 [9.8%] other races); 414 reported baseline FTS use and 318 did not. Compared with nonusers, a higher percentage of baseline FTS users were from Ohio and White, while a lower percentage were from New York and Hispanic and/or Black. In adjusted analyses, PWUD who used FTS had a mean daily composite score for overdose risk reduction behaviors that was 0.86 (95% CI, 0.34-1.38) units higher across follow-up compared with nonusers (score for FTS users, 7.37; nonusers, 6.51). There was no difference in self-reported nonfatal overdoses between the 2 groups (mean daily risk for FTS users, 0.02; nonusers, 0.02; risk ratio, 1.20; 95% CI, 0.70-2.06). Conclusions and Relevance In this cohort study, baseline FTS use was associated with greater engagement in overdose risk reduction behaviors during follow-up, but not with the risk of nonfatal overdose during follow-up, suggesting PWUD who use FTS may also engage in a broader set of harm reduction strategies.
Perspectives on disposable and reusable surgical materials in laparoscopic surgery: a global survey amongst surgeons
Authors: Myrthe M.M. Eussen, Stijn Bluiminck, Monique Chambon, Carys Batcup, Emma J Kooistra, Tim Stobernack, Frenk van Harreveld, Nicole D. Bouvy, Philip R. de Reuver
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2025)
An artificial intelligence model for nuclear grading of clear cell renal cell carcinoma using whole slide images: a retrospective, multicentre, diagnostic study
Authors: Qingyuan Zheng, Li Wei, Yang Zhou, Rui Yang, Panpan Jiao, Haonan Mei, Kai Wang, Xinmiao Ni, Xiangxiang Yang, Jiejun Wu, Junjie Fan, Tian Liu, Jingping Yuan, Xiaodong Weng, Xiuheng Liu, Zhiyuan Chen
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2025)
The development and validation of a risk stratification system for assessing axillary status after neoadjuvant therapy in node-positive breast cancer: a multicenter, prospective, observational study
Authors: Jia-Xin Huang, Jing-Si Mei, Fei Chen, Jia-Hui Huang, Yu-Ting Tan, Yi-Wen Wu, Feng-Tao Liu, Shao-Dong Qiu, Cai-Gou Shi, Yao Lu, Xue-Yan Wang, Gui-Ling Huang, Yu-Ting Zhang, Min-Shan Chen, Xiao-Qinsg Pei
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2025)
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with albumin-bound paclitaxel plus cisplatin and capecitabine for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a phase 2 clinical trial
Authors: Wen Zhang, Xiaowei Chen, Liyan Xue, Zhichao Jiang, Dong Qu, Zhaoyang Yang, Jianjun Qin, Zhen Wang, Miaomiao Zhang, Yong Li, Aiping Zhou, Shugeng Gao
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2025)
Localised increase in necrotising fasciitis associated with a shift to monomicrobial aetiology, South Yorkshire, England, 2023
Authors: Dominic Ronan, Hannah Holt, Lara Utsi, Nachi Arunachalam, David Tate, Theresa Lamagni, Eleanor Blakey, Rebecca L Guy, Margo Dirckx, Helen Richards, Gareth J Hughes
Journal: Journal of Infection (2025)
Screening for Syphilis Infection During Pregnancy
Authors: Gary N. Asher, Meera Viswanathan, Afua Takyi, Jennifer Cook Middleton, Claire Baker, Leila C. Kahwati
Journal: JAMA (2025)

This systematic review to support a 2025 US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement summarizes published evidence on the benefits and harms of screening and harms of treatment of syphilis during pregnancy.
Stigmatizing and Positive Language in Birth Clinical Notes Associated With Race and Ethnicity
Authors: Ismael Ibrahim Hulchafo, Jihye Kim Scroggins, Sarah E. Harkins, Hans Moen, Michele Tadiello, Kenrick Cato, Anahita Davoudi, Dena Goffman, Janice James Aubey, Coretta Green, Maxim Topaz, Veronica Barcelona
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2025)

Importance Language used in clinical documentation can reflect biases, potentially contributing to health disparities. Understanding associations between patient race and ethnicity and documentation of stigmatizing and positive language in clinical notes is crucial for addressing health disparities and improving patient care. Objective To examine associations of race and ethnicity with stigmatizing and positive language documentation in clinical notes from hospital birth admission. Design, Setting, and Participants This cross-sectional study included birthing patients at 2 metropolitan hospitals in the Northeastern US between 2017 and 2019. Eligible participants were admitted for labor and birth and had at least 1 free-text clinical note. Analysis was conducted using natural language processing. Data were analyzed between March and December 2024. Exposures Patient race and ethnicity, categorized into mutually exclusive groups of Asian or Pacific Islander, Black, Hispanic, and White. Main Outcome and Measures Presence of 4 stigmatizing language categories (marginalized language or identities, difficult patient, unilateral or authoritarian decisions, and questioning patient credibility) and 2 positive language categories (preferred and/or autonomy, power and/or privilege). Results Among the 18 646 patients included in the study (mean [SD] age, 30.5 [6.2] years), 2121 were Black (11.4%), 11 078 were Hispanic (59.4%), and 4270 were White (22.9%). The majority (10 559 patients [56.6%]) were insured by Medicaid. Compared with White patients, Black patients had higher odds of having any stigmatizing language (model 2: odds ratio [OR], 1.25; 95% CI, 1.05-1.49; P &amp;amp;lt; .001), after adjustment for demographic characteristics. Black patients also had higher odds of any positive language documented (model 2: OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.05-1.32; P = .006). Hispanic patients had lower odds of documented positive language (model 2: OR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.82-0.99; P = .03). Asian or Pacific Islander patients had lower odds of language documented in the power and/or privilege category (model 2: OR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.57-0.88; P = .002). Conclusions and Relevance In this cross-sectional study examining clinical notes of 18 646 patients admitted for labor and birth, there were notable disparities in how stigmatizing and positive language was documented across racial and ethnic groups. This underscores the necessity for improving documentation and communication practices to reduce the use of stigmatizing language.
Intersphincteric complex a potential metastasis niche in ultralow rectal cancer and prognostic significance of its complete excision following intersphincteric resection- a prospective cohort study
Authors: Sen Yan, Minwei Zhou, Yiming Zhou, Zhongwen Zhou, Deyan Tan, Zhenyang Li, Jianhua Ding, Jianbin Xiang
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2025)
African Genetic Ancestry, Structural and Social Determinants of Health, and Mortality in Black Adults
Authors: Hari S. Iyer, Iona Cheng, Chidinma Opara, Katherine Lin, Nur Zeinomar, Loïc Le Marchand, Lynne Wilkens, Salma Shariff-Marco, David V. Conti, Christopher A. Haiman, Scarlett L. Gomez, Timothy R. Rebbeck
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2025)

Importance Although structural and social determinants of health (SSDH) have been consistently associated with health disparities, percentage African genetic ancestry (AGA) has been suggested as a risk factor associated with common diseases in Black populations. Appropriate use and interpretation of percentage AGA in understanding health disparities has been complicated by the fact that percentage AGA is correlated with genetic and nongenetic factors. Objective To evaluate associations of SSDH with mortality in the context of percentage AGA and how percentage AGA is correlated with SSDH. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study investigated data from the Multiethnic Cohort (MEC) Study, in which participants were enrolled from 1993 through 1996 and followed up until death or censoring on December 31, 2019. Participant data were analyzed between March and June 2023. The population-based sample was predominantly from Los Angeles County, California, consisting of self-identified Black adults aged 45 to 75 years who enrolled into the MEC Study; completed a baseline demographic, clinical, and lifestyle questionnaire; and provided biospecimens. Exposures The Index of Concentration at the Extremes (ICE), capturing social polarization based on income and racial composition, and a neighborhood socioeconomic status (NSES) index were computed from the 1990 Census, scaled to county-specific quintiles, and linked to residential census tracts at study enrollment. Percentage AGA was estimated using 21 431 single-nucleotide variations based on similarity with African continental referent data. Main Outcomes and Measures Multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) for all-cause mortality were estimated from Cox models. Correlation of percentage AGA with SSDH measures was described. Results After exclusions, 9685 participants were included (mean [SD] age, 61.0 [8.9] years; 5593 female [57.7%]), with a mean (SD) percentage AGA of 75.0% (14.0%). There were 5504 deaths over 204 463 person-years of follow-up. Comparing the most with least advantaged quintile, income ICE (adjusted HR [aHR], 1.30; 95% CI, 1.16-1.45) and NSES (aHR, 1.37, 95% CI, 1.20-1.56) were associated with lower all-cause mortality. Minimal changes were observed after adjusting for percentage AGA; for example, comparing the most with least advantaged quintile, NSES (aHR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.19-1.55) remained associated with lower all-cause mortality. There was no association between percentage AGA and mortality after adjustment (aHR per 10–percentage point change in percentage AGA, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.99-1.03). Conclusions and Relevance In this study, associations of SSDH with mortality persisted with adjustment for percentage AGA. Findings support the hypothesis that SSDH should be the primary factors to consider for eliminating health disparities.