tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ears and the Man. Studies in Social Work for the Deafened.
Authors: Annetta W. Peck, Estelle E. Samuelson, Ann Lehman, Wendell C. Phillips
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Dr Kevorkian found guilty of second degree murder.
Authors: Fred Charatan
Journal: BMJ (1999)

A Michigan jury last month found Dr Jack Kevorkian guilty of second degree murder in the death of Thomas Youk, a 52 year old resident of Detroit who had amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Dr Kevorkian made a videotape of himself injecting Mr Youk, who was paralysed, with lethal chemicals last September. The tape was broadcast in November by the CBS News programme 60 Minutes.

At his trial, Dr Kevorkian failed to convince the judge that his proposed witnesses, Mr Youk's wife and brother, were relevant to the defence. Aside from the videotape which showed how much Mr Youk was suffering while he was alive, no testimony was presented about Mr Youk's condition and his apparent desire to end his life.

Because Dr Kevorkian was charged with murder, Judge Jessica Cooper instructed the jury that the issue of whether Mr Youk consented to his death was irrelevant.

This was the fifth time in a decade that prosecutors had tried Dr Kevorkian in the death of a seriously ill person. Three trials ended in acquittal and a fourth ended in a mistrial. In all the previous cases, Dr Kevorkian had violated laws against assisted suicide by helping patients give themselves a fatal injection through a so called suicide machine. 

In Mr Youk's case, Dr Kevorkian administered the fatal injection himself. Reaction to the verdict, and to the minimum sentence of 10 to 25 years in prison that Dr Kevorkian faces, was mixed.  Hemlock Society, chief proponent of doctor assisted suicide said,  verdict is not about Dr Kevorkian and the videotape. This verdict is about the contempt that the government has for people like Thomas Youk and other patients who are suffering painful deaths every day. 

This verdict is about the government's refusal to give dying patients and their families reasonable choices at the end of life.

However, nine disability rights organisations in the United States have opposed the legalisation of assisted suicide and euthanasia. Diane Coleman, president of Not Dead Yet, a leading grassroots disability rights group, said that the euthanasia movement was very threatening to a disabled person, and she hoped that Michigan's ban on assisted suicide would be maintained. 

Dr Nancy W Dickey, president of the American Medical Association (AMA) said, Patients in America can be relieved that the guilty verdict against Dr Jack Kevorkian helps protect them from those who would take their lives prematurely. 

The AMA remains committed to assuring patients' dignity, adequate relief of pain, and palliation of other symptoms during their final days. The AMA has long been a proponent of compassionate, quality care for dying patients. We will continue our efforts to teach physicians everything they should know about providing proper end of life care.
Soundings: Orthopaedic surgeons and flaccid liberals
Authors: Kevin Barraclough
Journal: BMJ (2003)

It is easy to forget to be in awe of what our colleagues do everyday. As a physician and flaccid liberal I have spent my working life disparaging, in a humorous way (I assumed), the labours of orthopaedic surgeons. But being on the receiving end of their ministrations rekindles a sense of wonder. Injuries that once would have crippled a person for life are now merely minor. Thanks to steel and titanium (and, in my case, the angle of total internal reflection of plastics) we are routinely rescued from lifetimes of disability. But as contemporaries and colleagues of the practitioners, we become blase. Proust likened people who lose that sense of awe to “children who play with divine forces without shuddering before their mystery . . . we only find the telephone convenient.”

The division between physicians and surgeons is mirrored in the difference between the intellectual and the man of action. I say “man” advisedly, as decisiveness is usually associated, in the popular mind, with limited imagination and being male—both attributes given to the archetypal orthopaedic surgeon. But again my prejudices have been sadly battered with the care and diagnostic subtleties of my own case management. My sports physician friend had always maintained, somewhat implausibly I felt, that the knee was a lot more than a hinge. He had an irritating habit of finding some minute ligament in Gray's Anatomy, adding a suffix of “itis,” and calling it a diagnosis. But the relevance of such minutiae are thrown into sharp focus when you can't walk and are not sure why.

As a non-surgeon I have always been, I suppose, slightly jealous of the effectiveness of my knife wielding colleagues. I attempt to console myself with the notion that physicians think more about the subtleties of medicine. But the truth is that thinking too much often leads to a paralysis of action—a kind of mental cramp.

It may be in the end that, to paraphrase, surgeons are indeed from Mars and physicians from Venus.

My 13 year old daughter came up with a particularly punchy (if meaningless) playground variant of the original:

Girls go to Mars to get more bras,

Boys go to Jupiter to get more stupider.

I know these things don't need to rhyme, but when it works . . .
Two randomised phase III, double blind, placebo controlled trials of thalidomide in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC)
Authors: S. Lee, R. M. Rudd, P. J. Woll, C. H. Ottensmeier, L. E. James, N. H. Gower, S. G. Spiro, M. Jitlal, A. Hackshaw
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

8045
Safety and activity of sorafenib in advanced renal cell cancer: A single institution experience
Authors: E. Bajetta, G. Procopio, E. Verzoni, M. Mancin, S. Pusceddu, R. Bajetta, M. Galassi, A. Gevorgyan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

15604 Background: Sorafenib is an oral multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor of RAF-kinase and VEGFR2, with antiangiogenic and antitumor activity in pretreated advanced renal cell cancer (RCC). Methods: In our institution, from December 2005 to November 2006, 131 consecutive patients(pts) with advanced RCC received sorafenib 400mg/bid/continuously. Main patient characteristics were: clear-cell cancer 106 pts, papillary-cell 15 pts, cromophobe-cell 3pts, collecting duct carcinoma 3pts, other histotypes 4pts. Previous nephrectomy was performed in 122 pts with median relapse free survival of 23 months (range 3–180 mos). The most common site of disease was lung, whereas 94 pts had 2 or more secondary disease locations. According to Motzer’s prognostic score 85 pts were at low risk, 36 pts and 10 pts at intermediate and high risk respectively . 12 pts were treatment naïve for metastatic disease. 68 and 51pts received one or at least two systemic treatments respectively. Results: Currently, 106 pts are evaluable for safety and objective response. According to the RECIST criteria, the activity of sorafenib in terms of tumor shrinkage was observed in 32 pts(31%) with 10 partial response (9.5%) and 22 minor response (21%) respectively. Stable disease was seen in 42 pts (41%) and progressive disease in 28 pts (26%), 4 pts were not evaluable for response. Overall, 74 pts (72%) had disease growth control. Median duration of response was 8 months and median time to progression was 6.5 mos, median overall survival has not been reached yet. The most common treatment-emergent adverse effects seen in 78% of pts, were grade (G) 1/2 (NCI-CTC) and included hand foot syndrome, rash, diarrhea, fatigue, hypertension and mucositis. Dose modification due to G3–4 adverse event, such as skin toxicity and cardiovascular events, was performed in 35 pts(32%). Conclusion: sorafenib is effective in terms of tumor growth control in untreated as well as in pretreated patients and in different hystotypes of renal cell cancer. Particularly, in heavily pretreated patients the number and severity of drug related toxicity suggests the dose reduction as possible standard therapy. The Authors would like to thank (I.T.M.O) Italian Trials in Medical Oncology for editorial assistance. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
18Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography Imaging of Atherosclerotic Plaque Inflammation Is Highly Reproducible
Authors: James H.F. Rudd, Kelly S. Myers, Sameer Bansilal, Josef Machac, Ash Rafique, Michael Farkouh, Valentin Fuster, Zahi A. Fayad
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2007)
A Course in College Chemistry.
Authors: V. R. Damerell
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Distribution of types of cancer in Medicare beneficiaries who die while receiving hospice care
Authors: D. C. Tanis, B. M. Kinzbrunner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

8071 Background: Cancer is the top diagnosis of patients admitted to hospice, accounting for about 50% of all hospice patients cared for. Is hospice utilization greater for some cancers than others? Since about 75% of hospice patients are Medicare beneficiaries, we examined data specific to this group. Methods: Data sources were the CMS Medicare paid claims for 2001 (hospice limited data set, 5% sample) and the National Cancer Institute state registry. Although NCI data are age-adjusted, the data are not reported by payer. We therefore used Vitas’ national hospice database (74,046 cancer-related deaths from 1999–2003) to estimate deaths by type of cancer in the Medicare population. This correction factor was then used to estimate Medicare deaths in the NCI data. Results: Of Medicare beneficiaries who had a primary diagnosis of one of 19 NCI-defined cancers and died in 2001, 44% died in hospice. This percentage ranged from 20% (uterus) to 54% (prostate). Remarkably, among the top five cancers only 1/3 of colo-rectal patients were receiving hospice care at the time of death. (See Table 1) Conclusions: With only about 44% of Medicare beneficiaries with cancer and with less than 50% of patients with the top three cancer diagnoses accessing hospice prior to death, it would appear that much work remains to achieve ASCO’s stated goal that “hospice is a(n)…excellent model for managing end-of-life care and should be better utilized” (JCO, 16:1986, 1998). No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Cancer in the oldest old population in the United States: Current statistics and projections
Authors: J. D. Gundrum, R. Go, R. Kwong
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

9553 Background: The oldest old, defined as people age ≥ 85 years, in the U.S. is projected to double from 4.3 million in 2000 to 9.6 million in 2030. Since cancer is the number one cause of death, it is critical to assess the current and projected cancer burden in this population. Methods: We obtained data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) program. We included patients who had a previous cancer before age 85, but excluded benign tumors, myeloproliferative, and myelodysplastic neoplasms. Incidence was reported per 100,000 person years and age-adjusted to the 2000 U.S. standard population. For current statistics, we included years 2001–2005. Trend analyses were based on 1973–2005 data. Results: The oldest old represents 7.2% of annual new cancers cases diagnosed and 10.5% of cancer deaths in the U.S. The 10 leading cancers by incidence (both sexes and decreasing order) are colorectal (388.9), lung (287.7), breast (250), prostate (211.5), urinary bladder (162.5), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (110.9), leukemia (85.1), melanoma (65), renal (46.4), and uterine (40.2). The incidences of melanoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, renal, and lung cancers are increasing, while those of leukemia, prostate, breast, and colorectal cancers are decreasing. The top 5 causes of cancer deaths are lung and bronchus (21%), colorectal (15%), pancreatic (7.1%), prostate (5.9%), and breast cancers (5.3%). Cancer specific survival (CSS) has been increasing continuously since 1973 for melanoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, breast, colorectal, prostate, and urinary bladder cancers but decreasing in recent years for colorectal, breast, prostate, and uterine cancers. CSS for leukemia, lung, renal, and uterine cancers showed no change over time. If the current incidence trends for each cancer continue in a linear fashion, it is projected, using 1973–2005 data, that in 2030, the oldest old will represent 8.8% of annual new cancers cases diagnosed and 13.6% of cancer deaths. Conclusions: Cancer incidence and mortality trends in the oldest old differ from the general population. Because the oldest old are likely to have multiple co-morbid conditions, there is a need to find better ways to diagnose and treat cancers in this unique segment of the population. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Development of Malignant Melanoma of the Orbit in Previous Radiation Field
Authors: Shamima Ahmed, Nicholas McDonald, Lindsey Lowder, Bruce Mahoney
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

We present a case of a 40-year-old woman with a history of retinoblastoma in the left eye treated with enucleation and radiation therapy as an infant who recently developed worsening pain and exophthalmos in her right eye. Multimodality imaging demonstrated an enhancing, FDG-avid mass in the medial right orbit with associated bone destruction and extension into the ethmoid sinus. Pathologic analysis after excision showed a highly undifferentiated tumor consistent with melanoma. Although development of malignant melanoma in an irradiated field is rare, it should be considered in the differential, especially in childhood cancer survivors at increased risk of second malignant neoplasms.
Abstract 5782: Increased Cardiomyocyte Elasticity in the Transverse Direction in Hypertrophied Rat Hearts Induced by Chronic {beta}-adrenergic Stimulation
Authors: Kazufumi Nakamura, Daiji Miura, Wakako S Yoshikawa, Ken Hashimoto, Noriyuki Kataoka, Juichiro Shiizu, Nobuhiro Nishii, Satoshi Nagase, Hiroshi Morita, Yoshiki Hata, Kengo F Kusano, Hiroshi Ito
Journal: Circulation (2009)
To Die or Not To Die?: Cross-Disciplinary, Cultural, and Legal Perspectives on the Right to Choose Death
Authors: Arthur S. Berger, Joyce Berger
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Preface Cross-Disciplinary Views The Right to Die: Perspectives of the Patient, the Family, and the Health Care Provider The Right to Die: Perspectives from the Catholic and Jewish Traditions Ethical Perepectives on the Right to Die: A Case Study Cross-Cultural Views On the Question of the Right to Die: An African View An Islamic Perspective on Terminating Life-Sustaining Measures Japanese Perspectives on Euthanasia Cross-Legal Views Euthanasia: An English Perspective Indian Legal Concepts of the Right to Die Active Euthanasia in the Netherlands Last Rights: The View from a U.S. Courthouse Appendices Selected Bibliography Index
Abstract 10813: Chronic Treatment with SIRT1 Activator SRT1720 Ameliorates Age-Associated Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction in B6D2F1 Mice
Authors: Lindsey B Gano, Douglas R Seals, Muhammad Hamza, Lisa A Lesniewski, Anthony J Donato
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Vascular endothelial dysfunction develops with aging, reflected by impaired endothelium-dependent dilation (EDD) mediated by oxidative stress and decreases in nitric oxide (NO) bioavail...
Nerve Tracts of the Brain and Cord. Anatomy: Physiology: Applied Neurology.
Authors: William Keiller
Journal: JAMA (1928)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Systematic review and meta-analysis of transdiagnostic psychological treatments for anxiety and depressive disorders in adulthood
Authors: Jill M. Newby, Anna McKinnon, Willem Kuyken, Simon Gilbody, Tim Dalgleish
Journal: Clinical Psychology Review (2015)

A broad array of transdiagnostic psychological treatments for depressive and anxiety disorders have been evaluated, but existing reviews of this literature are restricted to face-to-face cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) protocols. The current meta-analysis focused on studies evaluating clinician-guided internet/computerised or face-to-face manualised transdiagnostic treatments, to examine their effects on anxiety, depression and quality of life (QOL). Results from 50 studies showed that transdiagnostic treatments are efficacious, with large overall mean uncontrolled effects (pre- to post-treatment) for anxiety and depression (gs=.85 and .91 respectively), and medium for QOL (g=.69). Uncontrolled effect sizes were stable at follow-up. Results from 24 RCTs that met inclusion criteria showed that transdiagnostic treatments outperformed control conditions on all outcome measures (controlled ESs: gs=.65, .80, and .46 for anxiety, depression and QOL respectively), with the smallest differences found compared to treatment-as-usual (TAU) control conditions. RCT quality was generally poor, and heterogeneity was high. Examination of the high heterogeneity revealed that CBT protocols were more effective than mindfulness/acceptance protocols for anxiety (uncontrolled ESs: gs=.88 and .61 respectively), but not depression. Treatment delivery format influenced outcomes for anxiety (uncontrolled ESs: group: g=.70, individual: g=.97, computer/internet: g=.96) and depression (uncontrolled ESs: group: g=.89, individual: g=.86, computer/internet: g=.96). Preliminary evidence from 4 comparisons with disorder-specific treatments suggests that transdiagnostic treatments are as effective for reducing anxiety, and may be superior for reducing depression. These findings show that transdiagnostic psychological treatments are efficacious, but higher quality research studies are needed to explore the sources of heterogeneity amongst treatment effects.
Abstract 8968: Reduction of Non-hdl-cholesterol by More Than 5% with NCEP Diet Reduces CHD Risk
Authors: Haruo Nakamura, Kyoichi Mizuno
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background and aims: Dietary management is considered to be very important to lower plasma lipids. Non-HDL-cholesterol may be a better indicator of coronary heart disease (CHD) than traditional lipid risk markers (LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol), which was confirmed in previous studies. However the extent to which non-HDL-cholesterol must be lowered to decrease CHD risk with diet remains to be clarified. To answer this question, we conducted a post-hoc analysis of the dietary treatment group in a large-scale randomized primary prevention trial in Japanese. Materials and methods 7832 patients with mild hypercholesterolemia were randomly allocated to either diet alone (n=3966) or diet+pravastatin (n=3866) and followed for an average of 5 years. The patients were instructed to follow the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) guideline step 1 diet, which is low in cholesterol and saturated fats, with the addition of fish, like in the usual Japanese diet. Incidence rates of CHD, CHD+cerebral infarction (CI), and all cardiovascular events were calculated by the Cox proportional hazard model according to the reduction rates of non-HDL-cholesterol. Results Baseline non-HDL-cholesterol level in the diet group was 184.4±18.6 mg/dL. CHD incidence was significantly reduced by 42% (p=0.02) and by 50% (p=0.007) in relation to a 3% and 5% lowering of non-HDL-cholesterol respectively. The total cardiovascular event rate was significantly reduced by 34% (p=0.02) with a 5% lowering of non-HDL-cholesterol. Neither stroke nor all-cause mortality was affected significantly. On treatment non-HDL-cholesterol levels were less than 174 mg/dL, indicating the reduction of CHD and cardiovascular events. Conclusion A reduction of 5% or more of non-HDL-cholesterol with the modified NCEP step 1 diet was associated with a significant reduction in CHD and cardiovascular events.