tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Factors determining utilization of stem cell transplant for initial therapy of multiple myeloma by patient race: exploring intra-racial healthcare disparities
Authors: Sikander Ailawadhi, Yaw Adu, Ryan D. Frank, Saurav Das, David O. Hodge, Andre Fernandez, Caitlyn Flott, Jamie Elliott, Ricardo Parrondo, Taimur Sher, Vivek Roy, Asher A. Chanan-Khan
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2024)

Abstract Multiple myeloma (MM) therapeutics have evolved tremendously in recent years, with significant improvement in patient outcomes. As newer treatment options are developed, stem cell transplant (SCT) remains an important modality that provides excellent disease control and delays the progression of disease. Over the years, SCT use has increased overall in the U.S., but two distinct gaps remain, including suboptimal use overall and racial-ethnic disparities. We evaluated the National Cancer Database (NCDB) to study what sociodemographic factors might play a role within a given racial-ethnic group leading to disparate SCT utilization, such that targeted approaches can be developed to optimize SCT use for all. In nearly 112,000 cases belonging to mutually exclusive categories of non-Hispanic Whites (NHW), non-Hispanic Blacks (NHB), Hispanics, non-Hispanic Asians (NHA), and others, we found certain factors including age, comorbidity index, payor type, facility type (academic vs. community) and facility volume to be uniformly associated with SCT use for all the racial-ethnic groups, while gender was not significant for any of the groups. There were several other factors that had a differential impact on SCT utilization among the various race-ethnicity groups studied, including year of diagnosis (significant for NHW, NHB, and Hispanics), income level (significant for NHW and Hispanics), literacy level (significant for NHW and NHB), and geographic location of the treatment facility (significant for NHW and NHA). The suboptimal SCT utilization overall in the U.S. suggests that there may be room for improvement for all, even including the majority NHW, while we continue to work on factors that lead to disparities for the traditionally underserved populations. This study helps identify sociodemographic factors that may play a role specifically in each group and paves the way to devise targeted solutions such that resource utilization and impact can be maximized.
Skeletal Muscle SIRT3 Deficiency Contributes to Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling in Pulmonary Hypertension Due to Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Jia-Rong Jheng, Yang Bai, Kentaro Noda, Joshua R. Huot, Todd Cook, Amanda Fisher, Yi-Yun Chen, Dmitry A. Goncharov, Elena A. Goncharova, Marc A. Simon, Yingze Zhang, Daniel E. Forman, Mauricio Rojas, Roberto F. Machado, Johan Auwerx, Mark T. Gladwin, Yen-Chun Lai
Journal: Circulation (2024)

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a major complication linked to adverse outcomes in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), yet no specific therapies exist for PH associated with HFpEF (PH-HFpEF). We have recently reported on the role of skeletal muscle SIRT3 (sirtuin-3) in modulation of PH-HFpEF, suggesting a novel endocrine signaling pathway for skeletal muscle modulation of pulmonary vascular remodeling.
Brassinin alleviates cancer cachexia by suppressing diverse inflammatory mechanisms in mice
Authors: Min Hee Yang, Young Yun Jung, Jae‐Young Um, Gautam Sethi, Kwang Seok Ahn
Journal: MedComm (2024)

Abstract Cancer cachexia is a multifactorial condition that contributes to the death of about 20% of cancer patients. It has the potential to cause weight loss, reduction in muscle mass, and loss of fat tissue, significantly lowering the quality of life. Currently, there are no approved drugs for cancer cachexia. Here, we have explored the possible impact of brassinin (BSN) on cancer cachexia under in vitro and in vivo settings. After differentiation, C2C12 and 3T3‐L1 cells were incubated with colorectal carcinoma cells conditioned media or BSN. For preclinical studies, mice were injected with HT‐29 cells followed by intraperitoneal administration of BSN, and muscle and adipose tissues were evaluated by Western blotting and hematoxylin and eosin staining. BSN effectively suppressed muscle atrophy by down‐regulating the levels of Muscle RING‐finger protein‐1 and Atrogin‐1, while also increasing the expression of myosin heavy chain in cachexia‐induced‐C2C12 myotubes. The induction of adipogenesis by BSN prevented adipocyte atrophy in cachexia‐induced 3T3‐L1 adipocytes. We also noted that BSN disrupted the interaction between COX‐2 and signaling transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) promoter, leading to down‐regulation of STAT3 activation. Moreover, it was found that BSN inhibited weight loss in mice and demonstrated anti‐cachexic effects. Overall, our observations indicate that BSN can attenuate cancer cachexia through diverse mechanisms.
Liquid biopsy for human cancer: cancer screening, monitoring, and treatment
Authors: Hao Wang, Yi Zhang, Hao Zhang, Hui Cao, Jinning Mao, Xinxin Chen, Liangchi Wang, Nan Zhang, Peng Luo, Ji Xue, Xiaoya Qi, Xiancheng Dong, Guodong Liu, Quan Cheng
Journal: MedComm (2024)

Currently, tumor treatment modalities such as immunotherapy and targeted therapy have more stringent requirements for obtaining tumor growth information and require more accurate and easy-to-operate tumor information detection methods. Compared with traditional tissue biopsy, liquid biopsy is a novel, minimally invasive, real-time detection tool for detecting information directly or indirectly released by tumors in human body fluids, which is more suitable for the requirements of new tumor treatment modalities. Liquid biopsy has not been widely used in clinical practice, and there are fewer reviews of related clinical applications. This review summarizes the clinical applications of liquid biopsy components (e.g., circulating tumor cells, circulating tumor DNA, extracellular vesicles, etc.) in tumorigenesis and progression. This includes the development process and detection techniques of liquid biopsies, early screening of tumors, tumor growth detection, and guiding therapeutic strategies (liquid biopsy-based personalized medicine and prediction of treatment response). Finally, the current challenges and future directions for clinical applications of liquid biopsy are proposed. In sum, this review will inspire more researchers to use liquid biopsy technology to promote the realization of individualized therapy, improve the efficacy of tumor therapy, and provide better therapeutic options for tumor patients.
Instructions for the use of <scp>L‐PRF</scp> in different clinical indications
Authors: M. Quirynen, J. Blanco, H.‐L. Wang, N. Donos, A. Temmerman, A. Castro, N. Pinto
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2024)

Abstract Autologous platelet concentrates (APCs) have demonstrated clear benefits across various clinical applications, including alveolar ridge preservation, guided tissue regeneration, guided bone regeneration, sinus floor elevation (both lateral window approach and transcrestal technique), endodontic surgery, the treatment of medication‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw bones, and periodontal plastic surgery. To ensure an optimal clinical outcome, clinicians must adhere strictly to the protocol to prepare the APCs and, especially follow evidence‐based surgical guidelines, often simple but crucial, to minimize the likelihood of errors. The majority of clinical trials reported on second‐generation APCs [the leukocyte‐ and platelet‐rich fibrin (L‐PRF) family, including its modifications (A‐PRF, A‐PRF+, CGF, T‐PRF, H‐PRF, etc.)]. These second‐generation APCs offer additional benefits compared to the first‐generation APCs, making them the preferred choice for the development of clinical recommendations. These recommendations have been formulated through a meticulous examination of the available clinical data and the clinical experience of the authors of this paper.
CircPIAS1 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by inhibiting ferroptosis via the miR-455-3p/NUPR1/FTH1 axis
Authors: Xiao-Yu Zhang, Shan-Shan Li, Yu-Rong Gu, Le-Xin Xiao, Xin-Yi Ma, Xin-Ru Chen, Jia-Liang Wang, Chun-Hong Liao, Bing-Liang Lin, Yue-Hua Huang, Yi-Fan Lian
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2024)

Abstract Background The role of circRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression remains unclear. CircPIAS1 (circBase ID: hsa_circ_0007088) was identified as overexpressed in HCC cases through bioinformatics analysis. This study aimed to investigate the oncogenic properties and mechanisms of circPIAS1 in HCC development. Methods Functional analyses were conducted to assess circPIAS1’s impact on HCC cell proliferation, migration, and ferroptosis. Xenograft mouse models were employed to evaluate circPIAS1’s effects on tumor growth and pulmonary metastasis in vivo. Bioinformatics analysis, RNA immunoprecipitation, and luciferase reporter assays were utilized to elucidate the molecular pathways influenced by circPIAS1. Additional techniques, including RNA pulldown, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), qPCR, and western blotting, were used to further explore the underlying mechanisms. Results CircPIAS1 expression was elevated in HCC tissues and cells. Silencing circPIAS1 suppressed HCC cell proliferation and migration both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanically, circPIAS1 overexpression inhibited ferroptosis by competitively binding to miR-455-3p, leading to upregulation of Nuclear Protein 1 (NUPR1). Furthermore, NUPR1 promoted FTH1 transcription, enhancing iron storage in HCC cells and conferring resistance to ferroptosis. Treatment with ZZW-115, an NUPR1 inhibitor, reversed the tumor-promoting effects of circPIAS1 and sensitized HCC cells to lenvatinib. Conclusion This study highlights the critical role of circPIAS1 in HCC progression through modulation of ferroptosis. Targeting the circPIAS1/miR-455-3p/NUPR1/FTH1 regulatory axis may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for HCC.
The relation of synaptic biomarkers with Aβ, tau, glial activation, and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Yi-Ting Wang, Nicholas J. Ashton, Stijn Servaes, Johanna Nilsson, Marcel S. Woo, Tharick A. Pascoal, Cécile Tissot, Nesrine Rahmouni, Joseph Therriault, Firoza Lussier, Mira Chamoun, Serge Gauthier, Ann Brinkmalm, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow, Pedro Rosa-Neto, Andréa L. Benedet
Journal: Translational Neurodegeneration (2024)
How to address migrant health inequity in Europe
Authors: None The Lancet Regional Health – Europe
Journal: The Lancet Regional Health - Europe (2024)

In one of the world's wealthiest and most progressive regions, migrant health remains desperately neglected. Despite 36% of all global migrant populations residing in Europe, less than half of the member states of the WHO European Region report health data for migrants, exposing a systemic failure to prioritise their wellbeing. Migrant populations face legal, structural, linguistic, and cultural barriers that systematically exclude the majority of individuals from national health-care systems with undocumented migrants bearing the brunt of discrimination.
Discriminatory, racist and xenophobic policies and practice against child refugees, asylum seekers and undocumented migrants in European health systems
Authors: Amy J. Stevens, Yamina Boukari, Sonora English, Ayesha Kadir, Bernadette N. Kumar, Delan Devakumar
Journal: The Lancet Regional Health - Europe (2024)

Child refugees, asylum seekers and undocumented migrants who have been forcibly displaced from their countries of origin have heightened health needs as a consequence of their migration experiences. Host countries have a duty to respond to these needs, yet across Europe we are seeing a rise in potentially harmful discriminative, hostile and restrictive migration policies and practices. Research exploring the role racism, xenophobia and discrimination in European health systems may play in child migrant health inequities is lacking. This Personal View seeks to highlight this knowledge gap and stimulate discourse on how discrimination in health information systems, data sharing practices, national health policy, healthcare entitlements, service access, quality of care, and healthcare workers attitudes and behaviours may infringe upon the rights of, and impact the health of child refugees, asylum-seekers and undocumented migrants. It calls for action to prevent and mitigate against potentially harmful policies and practices.
Capacity building in migration and health in higher education: lessons from five European countries
Authors: Esperanza Diaz, Luis Andrés Gimeno-Feliu, Elzbieta Czapka, Jeanine Suurmond, Oliver Razum, Bernadette N. Kumar
Journal: The Lancet Regional Health - Europe (2024)

Capacity building in migration and health in higher education is key to better, sustainable, and equitable health care provision. However, developments so far have been patchy, non-structural, and often unsustainable. While training programs have been evaluated and competency standards developed, perspectives from individual teachers are hardly accessible. We present expert perspectives from five European countries to illustrate good examples in higher education and identify gaps to further the advancement of capacity building in migration and health. Based on these perspectives, we have identified thematic areas at four levels: conceptual evolution, policy and implementation, organization at the academic level and teaching materials and pedagogies. Finally, we propose creating spaces to share concrete educational practices and experiences for adaptation and replication. We summarize key recommendations for the advancement of capacity building in migration and health.
Normalising participatory health research approaches in the WHO European region for refugee and migrant health: a paradigm shift
Authors: Anne MacFarlane, Susann Huschke, Maria J. Marques, Ana Gama, Walaa Kinaan, Ahmed Hassan, Anna Papyan, Helen Phelan, Santino Severoni, Bernadette Kumar, Sonia Dias
Journal: The Lancet Regional Health - Europe (2024)

While people's involvement in health research is increasingly the encouraged norm in many countries, the involvement of refugees and migrants in research about their health is rare. Here, we call for a paradigm shift in the field of refugee and migrant health to make participatory health research routine, i.e. normalised. To disrupt 'business as usual', we synthesise evidence about meaningful research partnerships and features of inclusive participatory spaces. We present examples of decolonial, culturally attuned methods that can be used to reimagine and reinvigorate research practice because they encourage critical reflexivity and power-sharing: arts-based research using music and singing, participatory learning and action research, Photovoice and co-design (ideas generation) workshops. We consider the consequences of not making this paradigm shift. We conclude with recommendations for specific structural and policy changes and empirical research questions that are needed to inform the normalisation of participatory health research in this field.
TET2–STAT3–CXCL5 nexus promotes neutrophil lipid transfer to fuel lung adeno-to-squamous transition
Authors: Yun Xue, Yuting Chen, Sijia Sun, Xinyuan Tong, Yujia Chen, Shijie Tang, Xue Wang, Simin Bi, Yuqin Qiu, Qiqi Zhao, Zhen Qin, Qin Xu, Yingjie Ai, Leilei Chen, Beizhen Zhang, Zhijie Liu, Minbiao Ji, Meidong Lang, Luonan Chen, Guoliang Xu, Liang Hu, Dan Ye, Hongbin Ji
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2024)

Phenotypic plasticity is a rising cancer hallmark, and lung adeno-to-squamous transition (AST) triggered by LKB1 inactivation is significantly associated with drug resistance. Mechanistic insights into AST are urgently needed to identify therapeutic vulnerability in LKB1-deficient lung cancer. Here, we find that ten-eleven translocation (TET)–mediated DNA demethylation is elevated during AST in KrasLSL-G12D/+; Lkb1L/L (KL) mice, and knockout of individual Tet genes reveals that Tet2 is required for squamous transition. TET2 promotes neutrophil infiltration through STAT3-mediated CXCL5 expression. Targeting the STAT3–CXCL5 nexus effectively inhibits squamous transition through reducing neutrophil infiltration. Interestingly, tumor-infiltrating neutrophils are laden with triglycerides and can transfer the lipid to tumor cells to promote cell proliferation and squamous transition. Pharmacological inhibition of macropinocytosis dramatically inhibits neutrophil-to–cancer cell lipid transfer and blocks squamous transition. These data uncover an epigenetic mechanism orchestrating phenotypic plasticity through regulating immune microenvironment and metabolic communication, and identify therapeutic strategies to inhibit AST.
Nociceptor-immune interactomes reveal insult-specific immune signatures of pain
Authors: Aakanksha Jain, Benjamin M. Gyori, Sara Hakim, Ashish Jain, Liang Sun, Veselina Petrova, Shamsuddin A. Bhuiyan, Shannon Zhen, Qing Wang, Riki Kawaguchi, Samuel Bunga, Daniel G. Taub, M. Carmen Ruiz-Cantero, Candace Tong-Li, Nicholas Andrews, Masakazu Kotoda, William Renthal, Peter K. Sorger, Clifford J. Woolf
Journal: Nature Immunology (2024)

Abstract Inflammatory pain results from the heightened sensitivity and reduced threshold of nociceptor sensory neurons due to exposure to inflammatory mediators. However, the cellular and transcriptional diversity of immune cell and sensory neuron types makes it challenging to decipher the immune mechanisms underlying pain. Here we used single-cell transcriptomics to determine the immune gene signatures associated with pain development in three skin inflammatory pain models in mice: zymosan injection, skin incision and ultraviolet burn. We found that macrophage and neutrophil recruitment closely mirrored the kinetics of pain development and identified cell-type-specific transcriptional programs associated with pain and its resolution. Using a comprehensive list of potential interactions mediated by receptors, ligands, ion channels and metabolites to generate injury-specific neuroimmune interactomes, we also uncovered that thrombospondin-1 upregulated by immune cells upon injury inhibited nociceptor sensitization. This study lays the groundwork for identifying the neuroimmune axes that modulate pain in diverse disease contexts.
Survival, Function, and Cognition After Hospitalization in Long-Term Acute Care Hospitals
Authors: Snigdha Jain, Siqi Gan, Oanh K. Nguyen, Rebecca L. Sudore, Michael A. Steinman, Kenneth Covinsky, Anil N. Makam
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

Importance More than 70 000 Medicare beneficiaries receive care in long-term acute care hospitals (LTCHs) annually for prolonged acute illness. However, little is known about long-term functional and cognitive outcomes of middle-aged and older adults after hospitalization in an LTCH. Objective To describe survival, functional, and cognitive status after LTCH hospitalization and to identify factors associated with an adverse outcome. Design, Setting, and Participants This retrospective cohort study included middle-aged and older adults enrolled in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) with linked fee-for-service Medicare claims. Included participants were aged 50 years or older with an LTCH admission between January 1, 2003, and December 31, 2016, with HRS interviews available before admission. Data were analyzed between November 1, 2021, and June 30, 2023. Main Outcomes and Measures Function and cognition were ascertained from HRS interviews conducted every 2 years. The primary outcome was death or severe impairment in the 2.5 years after LTCH hospitalization, defined as dependencies in 2 or more activities of daily living (ADLs) or dementia. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to evaluate associations with a priori selected risk factors including pre-LTCH survival prognosis (Lee index score), pre-LTCH impairment status, and illness severity characterized by receipt of mechanical ventilation and prolonged intensive care unit stay of 3 days or longer. Results This study included 396 participants, with a median age of 75 (IQR, 68-82) years. Of the participants, 201 (51%) were women, 125 (28%) had severe impairment, and 318 (80%) died or survived with severe impairment (functional, cognitive, or both) within 2.5 years of LTCH hospitalization. After accounting for acute illness characteristics, prehospitalization survival prognosis as determined by the Lee index score and severe baseline impairment (functional, cognitive, or both) were associated with an increased likelihood of death or severe impairment in the 2.5 years after LTCH hospitalization (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 3.2 [95% CI, 1.7 to 6.0] for a 5-point increase in Lee index score; and AOR, 4.5 [95% CI, 1.3 to 15.4] for severe vs no impairment). Conclusions and Relevance In this cohort study, 4 of 5 middle-aged and older adults died or survived with severe impairment within 2.5 years of LTCH hospitalization. Better preadmission survival prognosis and functional and cognitive status were associated with lower risk of an adverse outcome, and these findings should inform decision-making for older adults with prolonged acute illness.
Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors and the Risk of Nephrolithiasis in Clinical Practice—Reply
Authors: Julie M. Paik, Elisabetta Patorno
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2024)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Household Water Lead and Hematologic Toxic Effects in Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: John Danziger, Joanna Willetts, John Larkin, Sheetal Chaudhuri, Kenneth J. Mukamal, Len A. Usvyat, Robert Kossmann
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2024)

The consequences of low levels of environmental lead exposure, as found commonly in US household water, have not been established.
Letter by Cardinale et al Regarding Article, “Multicenter, Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial of High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin I–Guided Combination Angiotensin Receptor Blockade and Beta-Blocker Therapy to Prevent Anthracycline Cardiotoxicity: The Cardiac CARE Trial”
Authors: Daniela Cardinale, Alexander R. Lyon, Teresa López-Fernández
Journal: Circulation (2024)