tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Quality Measure Adherence and Oral Health Outcomes in Children
Authors: Sung Eun Choi, Ankur Pandya, Joel White, Elizabeth Mertz, Sharon-Lise Normand
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

Importance Process-based quality measures are generally intended to promote evidence-based practices that have been proven to improve outcomes. However, due to lack of standardized implementation of diagnostic codes in dentistry, assessing the association between process and oral health outcomes has been challenging. Objective To estimate the association of adhering to dental quality measures with patient oral health outcomes. Design, Setting, and Participants Using a target trial emulation, a causal inference framework, this retrospective cohort study estimated the difference in the risk of developing tooth decay between US children who adhered to process-based dental quality measures (receiving topical fluoride and sealant [treated groups]) and those who did not (control groups). Electronic health records of US children and adolescents aged 0 to 18 years from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2020, were used. To emulate random treatment assignment based on baseline confounders, coarsened exact matching was used to produce covariate balance between the treated and control groups. A time-to-event regression model produced effect estimates, adjusting for time-varying covariates. Near-far matching was used to account for unmeasured confounders as a sensitivity analysis. Data were analyzed from May 1 to August 7, 2023. Exposures Adherence to dental quality measures. Main Outcomes and Measures Incidence of tooth decay. Results Among 69 212 US children aged between 0 and 18 years (mean [SD] age, 10.2 [5.0] years; 49.5% male, 50.4% female, and 0.1% unknown or transgender), 1930 (2.8%) were Asian, 2038 (2.9%) were Black, 8667 (12.5%) were Hispanic, 33 632 (48.6%) were White, and 22 945 (33.2%) were multiracial, other, or missing racial and ethnic group identification. Relative to control individuals, treated individuals were more likely to be at elevated risk of caries (fluoride measure: 16 453 [76.5%] vs 15 236 [39.8%]; sealant measure: 2264 [54.6%] vs 997 [44.0%]) and have regular dental visits (fluoride measure: 21 498 [100%] vs 13 741 [35.9%]; sealant measure: 1623 [39.2%] vs 871 [38.4%]). Adherence to quality measures was associated with reduced risk of tooth decay with adjusted hazard ratios of 0.82 (95% CI, 0.78- 0.86) for fluoride and 0.86 (95% CI, 0.76-0.97) for sealant in the matched cohort. Benefits of adhering to quality measures were greater among children at elevated vs low risk and with public vs commercial insurance for both measures. Conclusions In this cohort study, adhering to dental quality measures was associated with reduced risk of tooth decay, and benefits were greater among children at elevated risk and with public insurance. These findings provide insights in facilitating targeted application of quality measures or developing more tailored quality improvement initiatives.
A Smartphone-Based Shopping Mall Walking Program and Daily Walking Steps
Authors: Yoko Matsuoka, Hiroaki Yoshida, Masamichi Hanazato
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

Importance Because shopping malls are considered safe places for walking, several mall walking programs have been developed. Research on the association between the use of walking programs and the number of daily steps taken is limited. Objective To evaluate the association between use of a smartphone-based shopping mall walking program and daily steps taken after the COVID-19 pandemic. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study evaluated a nationwide longitudinal data set of 217 344 registered smartphone app users at least 18 years of age residing in Japan. Daily step counts were collected from January 1 to December 31, 2021. Exposures The mall walking program Mall Challenge integrated a global positioning system with a smartphone app’s incentive system to reward achieving a goal of 1000 daily steps with lottery-based coupons to win from 0 to 500 shopping points (1 point equaled 1 yen or approximately US $0.01). Main Outcomes and Measures Daily step records were collected from the smartphone app’s walking program and adjusted for gender and age. Multilevel analyses using mixed-effect linear regression models were used to estimate the coefficients for the association between daily participation in the walking program and daily step counts. Cross-level interaction terms of age and gender by walking program participation were included in one model. Results Among the 217 344 registered mall app users (23 638 110 daily step records; 154 616 [71.1%] women; 18 014 [8.3%] participants 65 years or older, and 199 330 [91.7%] adults younger than 65 years), the mean (SD) daily steps were 7415 (4686) on walking program participation days and 5281 (4339) on days without participation in the program. Walking program participation days were associated with 1219 additional daily steps (95% CI, 1205-1232) compared with nonparticipation days after adjusting for gender and age. By geographic region, participation in the walking program was associated with 1130 (95% CI, 1113-1146) more steps in rural malls, 1403 (95% CI, 1379-1428) more steps in suburban malls, and 1433 (95% CI, 1408-1457) more steps in urban malls than nonparticipation. Moreover, participation in the walking program was associated with 1422 (95% CI, 1405-1439) more steps in large malls and 1059 (95% CI, 1041-1077) more steps in small malls compared with nonparticipation. Regarding cross-level interactions, women were associated with walking 728 (95% CI, 698-758) more steps than men, and older adults were associated with walking 228 (95% CI, 183-273) more steps than younger adults on walking program participation days. Conclusions and Relevance This cohort study found that the use of a smartphone-based mall walking program combined with physical shopping mall facilities and lottery-based digital incentive coupons may motivate people to increase their daily number of walking steps.
Dermatoscopy and reflectance confocal microscopy for basal cell carcinoma diagnosis and diagnosis prediction score: A prospective and multicenter study on 1005 lesions
Authors: Caterina Longo, Stefania Guida, Marica Mirra, Riccardo Pampena, Silvana Ciardo, Sara Bassoli, Alice Casari, Franco Rongioletti, Marco Spadafora, Johanna Chester, Shaniko Kaleci, Michela Lai, Serena Magi, Laura Mazzoni, Francesca Farnetani, Ignazio Stanganelli, Giovanni Pellacani
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2024)
The Calmodulin-interacting peptide Pcp4a regulates feeding state-dependent behavioral choice in zebrafish
Authors: Margherita Zaupa, Nagarjuna Nagaraj, Anna Sylenko, Herwig Baier, Suphansa Sawamiphak, Alessandro Filosa
Journal: Neuron (2024)

Animals constantly need to judge the valence of an object in their environment: is it potential food or a threat? The brain makes fundamental decisions on the appropriate behavioral strategy by integrating external information from sensory organs and internal signals related to physiological needs. For example, a hungry animal may take more risks than a satiated one when deciding to approach or avoid an object. Using a proteomic profiling approach, we identified the Calmodulin-interacting peptide Pcp4a as a key regulator of foraging-related decisions. Food intake reduced abundance of protein and mRNA of pcp4a via dopamine D2-like receptor-mediated repression of adenylate cyclase. Accordingly, deleting the pcp4a gene made zebrafish larvae more risk averse in a binary decision assay. Strikingly, neurons in the tectum became less responsive to prey-like visual stimuli in pcp4a mutants, thus biasing the behavior toward avoidance. This study pinpoints a molecular mechanism modulating behavioral choice according to internal state.
Microbiota-derived butyrate restricts tuft cell differentiation via histone deacetylase 3 to modulate intestinal type 2 immunity
Authors: Emily M. Eshleman, Taylor Rice, Crystal Potter, Amanda Waddell, Seika Hashimoto-Hill, Vivienne Woo, Sydney Field, Laura Engleman, Hee-Woong Lim, Michael A. Schumacher, Mark R. Frey, Lee A. Denson, Fred D. Finkelman, Theresa Alenghat
Journal: Immunity (2024)
Olea europaea L-derived secoiridoids: Beneficial health effects and potential therapeutic approaches
Authors: Simone Filardo, Mattioli Roberto, Daniel Di Risola, Luciana Mosca, Marisa Di Pietro, Rosa Sessa
Journal: Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2024)

Over the years, health challenges have become increasingly complex and global and, at the beginning of the 21st century, chronic diseases, including cardiovascular, neurological, and chronic respiratory diseases, as well as cancer and diabetes, have been identified by World Health Organization as one of the biggest threats to human health. Recently, antimicrobial resistance has also emerged as a growing problem of public health for the management of infectious diseases. In this scenario, the exploration of natural products as supplementation or alternative therapeutic options is acquiring great importance, and, among them, the olive tree, Olea europaea L, specifically leaves, fruits, and oil, has been increasingly investigated for its health promoting properties. Traditionally, these properties have been largely attributed to the high concentration of monounsaturated fatty acids, although, in recent years, beneficial effects have also been associated to other components, particularly polyphenols. Among them, the most interesting group is represented by Olea europaea L secoiridoids, comprising oleuropein, oleocanthal, oleacein, and ligstroside, which display anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, cardioprotective, neuroprotective and anticancer activities. This review provides an overview of the multiple health beneficial effects, the molecular mechanisms, and the potential applications of secoiridoids from Olea europaea L.
Effectiveness of applied and casual games for young people's mental health: A systematic review of randomised controlled studies
Authors: Aniek Wols, Michelle Pingel, Anna Lichtwarck-Aschoff, Isabela Granic
Journal: Clinical Psychology Review (2024)

Many youth experience mental health problems and digital games hold potential as mental health interventions. This systematic review provides an overview of randomised controlled studies assessing the effectiveness of digital applied and casual games for improving mental health in youth aged 6-24 years. A systematic search of PsycINFO, Web of Science and Pubmed yielded 145 eligible studies. Studies on (sub)clinical participant samples (n = 75) most often focused on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism and anxiety. Applied games were found most effective for improving social skills, verbal memory and anxiety, whereas casual games were found most effective for improving depression, anxiety and ADHD. Studies involving healthy youth (n = 70) were grouped into papers examining anxiety in medical settings, momentary effects on positive and negative affect, and papers employing a longitudinal design measuring mental health trait outcomes. Promising results were found for the use of games as distraction tools in medical settings, and for applied and casual games for improving momentary affect. Overall, our findings demonstrate the potential of digital games for improving mental health. Implications and recommendations for future research are discussed, such as developing evaluation guidelines, clearly defining applied games, harmonising outcome measures, including positive outcomes, and examining nonspecific factors that may influence symptom improvement as well.
Safety of teropavimab and zinlirvimab with lenacapavir once every 6 months for HIV treatment: a phase 1b, randomised, proof-of-concept study
Authors: Joseph J Eron, Susan J Little, Gordon Crofoot, Paul Cook, Peter J Ruane, Dushyantha Jayaweera, Laurie A VanderVeen, Edwin DeJesus, Yanan Zheng, Anthony Mills, Hailin Huang, Sarah E Waldman, Moti Ramgopal, Linda Gorgos, Sean E Collins, Jared M Baeten, Marina Caskey
Journal: The Lancet HIV (2024)
“Treatment with curative intent”: the emergence of genetic therapies for sickle cell anemia
Authors: Edward J. Benz, Leslie E. Silberstein, Julie Panepinto
Journal: Blood (2024)

The root cause of sickle cell anemia has been known for 7 decades, yet no curative therapies have been available other than allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, for which applicability is limited. Two potentially curative therapies based on gene therapy and gene editing strategies have recently received US Food and Drug Administration approval. This review surveys the nature of these therapies and the opportunities and issues raised by the prospect of definitive genetically based therapies being available in clinical practice.
Abstract 12270: Reverse Cardiac Remodeling After Transcatheter Edge to Edge Repair for Severe Tricuspid Regurgitation
Authors: Patrick Gerdes, Tobias F Ruf, Thomas Muenzel, Martin Geyer, Theresa Gößler, Ralph Stephan von Bardeleben
Journal: Circulation (2023)

Background: Severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is a common disease accompanied with increased mortality and morbidity, as well as restricted quality of life. The transcatheter percutaneous edge-to-edge repair for TR (T-TEER) has evolved as a feasible Intervention to reduce symptoms. Little is known about the changes of right heart function and structure following this intervention. Methods: We included all patients treated with T-TEER at our center from June 2016 until December 2019 in the “MAinz Retrospective Registry for Tricuspid INtervention" (MARRTIN). Systems used were either MitraClip (off-label), TriClip, or PASCAL. Patients were followed for 1 year, including clinical status, laboratory measurements, transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and mortality.The aim of this study was to observe the impact of T-TEER on the right heart structure and function, and whether possible changes could be associated to patient’s clinical and laboratory values. Results: In total there were 185 patients treated with T-TEER in this period of time. One- year follow-up was available in 76 cases for paired analysis. Mean patient’s age was 79.7 ± 6.3 years and 63.2% were women. The median TR-grade was 4 with a reduction to median grade 2 after T-TEER. In long-term course there were significant reductions of tricuspid annular diameters, right ventricular end diastolic diameter (RVEDD), and right atrial areas, respectively. Also, the right heart function significantly improved (RV-FAC 36,5 ± 6,2 % vs. 39 ± 7,5 %). While observing a significant reduction of BNP-, CRP- and y-GT-values, kidney function measured by estimated glomerular filtration rate, did not improve. 1-year survival was 90,7%. Unexpected rehospitalization of any cause was observed in 17 cases (9,2%) and 3 deaths (1,6%) within 30 days after T-TEER. In 10 of 185 (5,4%) cases a clip-detachment was observed. Conclusion: The use of T-TEER proved to be safe for severe TR showing stable long-time results. There was an objectifiable improvement of right heart dimensions, as well as function. Also we noted improvements of inflammatory markers and laboratory values of heart failure. Overall, T-TEER may improve the maladaptive remodeling of the right heart in patients at high risk for cardiac surgery suffering from TR.
Biomimetic bright optotheranostics for metastasis monitoring and multimodal image-guided breast cancer therapeutics
Authors: Rajendra Prasad, Berney Peng, Bárbara B. Mendes, Hailey I. Kilian, Mahadeo Gorain, Huijuan Zhang, Gopal Chandra Kundu, Jun Xia, Jonathan F. Lovell, João Conde
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2024)

Nanoparticle formulations blending optical imaging contrast agents and therapeutics have been a cornerstone of preclinical theranostic applications. However, nanoparticle-based theranostics clinical translation faces challenges on reproducibility, brightness, photostability, biocompatibility, and selective tumor targeting and penetration. In this study, we integrate multimodal imaging and therapeutics within cancer cell-derived nanovesicles, leading to biomimetic bright optotheranostics for monitoring cancer metastasis. Upon NIR light irradiation, the engineered optotheranostics enables deep visualization and precise localization of metastatic lung, liver, and solid breast tumors along with solid tumor ablation. Metastatic cell-derived nanovesicles (∼80 ± 5 nm) are engineered to encapsulate imaging (emissive organic dye and gold nanoparticles) and therapeutic agents (anticancer drug doxorubicin and photothermally active organic indocyanine green dye). Systemic administration of biomimetic bright optotheranostic nanoparticles shows escape from mononuclear phagocytic clearance with (i) rapid tumor accumulation (3 h) and retention (up to 168 h), (ii) real-time monitoring of metastatic lung, liver, and solid breast tumors and (iii) 3-fold image-guided solid tumor reduction. These findings are supported by an improvement of X-ray, fluorescence, and photoacoustic signals while demonstrating a tumor reduction (201 mm3) in comparison with single therapies that includes chemotherapy (134 mm3), photodynamic therapy (72 mm3), and photothermal therapy (88 mm3). The proposed innovative platform opens new avenues to improve cancer diagnosis and treatment outcomes by allowing the monitorization of cancer metastasis, allowing the precise cancer imaging, and delivering synergistic therapeutic agents at the solid tumor site.
Nurses' Working Conditions and the Nursing Shortage
Authors: Brian Cromer
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Paresis Following Mechanical Ventilation—Reply
Authors: Bernard De Jonghe, Hervé Outin, Tarek Sharshar, Sylvie Bastuji-Garin
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Definitions of Binge Drinking—Reply
Authors: Tim Naimi, Bob Brewer, Ali Mokdad, Clark Denny, Mary Serdula, Jim Marks
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Elotuzumab, lenalidomide, bortezomib, dexamethasone, and autologous haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (GMMG-HD6): results from a randomised, phase 3 trial
Authors: Elias K Mai, Hartmut Goldschmidt, Kaya Miah, Uta Bertsch, Britta Besemer, Mathias Hänel, Julia Krzykalla, Roland Fenk, Jana Schlenzka, Markus Munder, Jan Dürig, Igor W Blau, Stefanie Huhn, Dirk Hose, Anna Jauch, Christina Kunz, Christoph Mann, Niels Weinhold, Christof Scheid, Roland Schroers, Ivana von Metzler, Aneta Schieferdecker, Jörg Thomalla, Peter Reimer, Rolf Mahlberg, Ullrich Graeven, Stephan Kremers, Uwe M Martens, Christian Kunz, Manfred Hensel, Axel Benner, Andrea Seidel-Glätzer, Katja C Weisel, Marc S Raab, Hans J Salwender, Nicole Adrian, Helga Bernhard, Hans-Peter Böck, Claus Bolling, Gerrit Dingeldein, Till-Oliver Emde, Barbara Ferstl, Thomas Fietz, Stefan Fronhoffs, Stephan Fuhrmann, Stefan Fuxius, Thomas Geer, Martin Görner, Barbara Guenther, Frank Hartmann, Bernhard Heilmeier, Michael Heinsch, Martin Hoffmann, Tobias A.W. Holderried, Stefan Klein, Martin Klump, Wolfgang Knauf, Paul La Rosée, Elisabeth Lange, Walter Lindemann, Roderico Lopez, Frank Mayer, Holger Nückel, Eva Papesch, Maria Procaccianti, Alexander Reichart, Mathias Rummel, Lars Scheuer, Hans-Roland Schmitt, Peter Staib, Heike Steiniger, Hans-Joachim Tischler, Thomas Ulshöfer, Walter Verbeek, Alexander Wacker, Iris Zirpel
Journal: The Lancet Haematology (2024)

The aim of this trial was to investigate the addition of the anti-SLAMF7 monoclonal antibody elotuzumab to lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone (RVd) in induction and consolidation therapy as well as to lenalidomide maintenance treatment in transplant-eligible patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma.