tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Discrepancy Between Perceived and Proven Drug Hypersensitivity in a Well‐Defined Cohort of Patients With Inborn Errors of Immunity
Authors: Sevgi Bilgic‐Eltan, Tuba Karakurt, Rozerin Goze Yuksel, Aysu Ilhan Yalaki, Ferit Durankus, Raziye Dut, Ekin Zeynep Altun, Burcu Aygun, Dilek Kacar, Evrim Senkal, Asena Pinar Sefer Arinc, Burak Ahmet Gurel, Safa Baris, Mustafa Arga, Ahmet Oguzhan Ozen, Elif Karakoc‐Aydiner, Ozlem Cavkaytar
Journal: Allergy (2025)

ABSTRACT Background Inborn errors of immunity ( IEI ) are genetic disorders characterized by recurrent and/or severe infections, autoimmunity, autoinflammation, allergies, and cancer. Despite frequent drug exposures due to recurrent infections and comorbidities, the prevalence and characteristics of drug hypersensitivity reactions ( DHR ) in pediatric patients with IEI remain understudied. Methods This multicenter, cross‐sectional study evaluated 264 pediatric patients with IEI along with a control group ( CG ) comprising 443 age‐matched controls using a stepwise diagnostic approach, including the patient‐reported Study Questionnaire (Study‐Q), the European Network for Drug Allergy Questionnaire ( ENDA ‐Q), and confirmatory diagnostic testing, including skin testing and drug provocation tests ( DPT ). The demographic, clinical, and allergic profiles of the IEI patients and CG were compared. Results IEI patients (57.6% male) had a median current age of 10 years, with combined immunodeficiencies being the most common phenotype (53.4%). The number of courses for antibiotic use and hospitalization was more frequent in IEI patients compared to CG ( p &lt; 0.001). DHR was more common in IEI patients according to Study‐Q ( p &lt; 0.001) and ENDA ‐Q ( p = 0.002), although proven DHR as a result of confirmatory testing was comparable with CG (1.1% vs. 0.4%, p = 0.368). Despite the fact that suspected DHR in IEI patients was most frequently associated with beta‐lactams (47.6%), with 73.9% presenting with urticaria, proven DHR mainly included reactions to radiocontrast agents ( n = 2) and ibuprofen ( n = 1). Conclusion Although drug hypersensitivity is often suspected in patients with IEI , proven cases are rare. Standardized protocols, including DPT in drug allergy centers, are essential to differentiate proven allergies from nonallergic reactions, ensure effective treatment, and avoid unnecessary drug restrictions in this unique population.
Author Correction: Autologous T cell therapy for PRAME+ advanced solid tumors in HLA-A*02+ patients: a phase 1 trial
Authors: Martin Wermke, Dejka M Araujo, Manik Chatterjee, Apostolia M Tsimberidou, Tobias A W Holderried, Amir A Jazaeri, Ran Reshef, Carsten Bokemeyer, Winfried Alsdorf, Katrin Wetzko, Peter Brossart, Katrin Aslan, Linus Backert, Sebastian Bunk, Jens Fritsche, Swapna Gulde, Silvana Hengler, Norbert Hilf, Mohammad B Hossain, Jens Hukelmann, Mamta Kalra, Delfi Krishna, M Alper Kursunel, Dominik Maurer, Andrea Mayer-Mokler, Regina Mendrzyk, Ali Mohamed, Karine Pozo, Arun Satelli, Marilena Letizia, Heiko Schuster, Oliver Schoor, Claudia Wagner, Hans-Georg Rammensee, Carsten Reinhardt, Harpreet Singh-Jasuja, Steffen Walter, Toni Weinschenk, Jason J Luke, Cedrik M Britten
Journal: Nature Medicine (2025)
Adolescent mental health before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic in Iceland: a repeated, cross-sectional, population-based study
Authors: Erin Haskell, Berglind Sigmarsdottir, Ingibjorg Eva Thorisdottir, Audun Valborgarson, Elena Bonilla Aparicio, Olli Kiviruusu, Jaana Suvisaari, Zheng Chang, Eivind Ystrom, Agnieszka Butwicka, Bryndis Bjork Asgeirsdottir, Heiddis Bjork Valdimarsdottir, Inga Dora Sigfusdottir, John Philip Allegrante, Thorhildur Halldorsdottir
Journal: The Lancet Regional Health - Europe (2025)
Superior survival in diffuse large B cell lymphoma of the bone with immune rich tumor microenvironment
Authors: Ruben A L de Groen, Fleur A de Groot, Stefan Böhringer, Esther J Kret, Lorraine M de Haan, Troy Noordenbos, Susan Blommers, Romée E W Jansen, Tom van Wezel, Ronald van Eijk, Richard Raghoo, Dina Ruano, Liane Te Boome, Valeska Terpstra, Henriette Levenga, Els Ahsmann, Eduardus F M Posthuma, Isabelle Focke-Snieders, Lizan Hardi, Wietske C E den Hartog, Anke van den Berg, Pim Mutsaers, King Lam, Marjolein W M van der Poel, Myrurgia Abdul Hamid, F J Sherida H Woei-A-Jin, Ann Janssens, Thomas Tousseyn, Judith V M G Bovée, Lianne Koens, Arjan Diepstra, Arjen H G Cleven, Marie José Kersten, Patty M Jansen, Hendrik Veelken, Marcel Nijland, Tim J A Dekker, Joost S P Vermaat
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2025)

With tumor genomic and gene-expression profiling (GEP), this study investigated the immune-molecular signatures of a unique cohort of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the bone (bone-DLBCL), including primary bone (PB-DLBCL, n = 52) and polyostotic-DLBCL (n = 20), in comparison to nodal DLBCLs with germinal center B-cell (GCB) phenotype (nodal-DLBCL-GCB, n = 34). PB-DLBCL and polyostotic-DLBCL shared similar genomic profiles and transcriptomic signatures, justifying their collective analysis as bone-DLBCL. Differential incidences of EZH2, HIST1H1E, and MYC aberrations (p < 0.05) confirmed the distinct oncogenic evolution between bone-DLBCL and nodal-DLBCL-GCB. Differentially expressed genes were identified between bone-DLBCL and nodal-DLBCL-GCB (p < 0.001), substantiated by distinct gene-set enrichment analysis (GSEA). In contrast to a more 'depleted' phenotype for nodal-DLBCL-GCB, bone-DLBCL primarily exhibited an 'intermediate/rich' tumor microenvironment (TME) signature (p = 0.001), as determined by a previously published gene set. Unsupervised clustering defined two distinct groups that aligned with previously reported immune-enriched TME clusters: an 'immune-rich' cluster largely consisting of bone-DLBCLs (75%, p = 0.002) with superior survival (p = 0.030), and a poor-prognostic 'immune-low' cluster, including mostly nodal-DLBCL-GCB (61%). Single-sample (ss)GSEA showed higher scores for regulatory T cells, immunosuppressive/prolymphoma cytokines, and vascular endothelial cells in immune-rich samples (p < 0.001). Additionally, CIBERSORTx revealed a higher abundance of regulatory T cells and activated mast cells in the immune-rich cluster (p < 0.001). These findings were confirmed at protein level, where CD3 and FOXP3 immunochemistry showed significant overlap with the gene-expression data (p < 0.001). Conclusively, PB-DLBCL and polyostotic-DLBCL share immune-molecular TME characteristics, supporting their classification as a unified bone-DLBCL entity. The distinct immune-rich TME profile of bone-DLBCL associated with superior survival potentially shapes emerging immunomodulatory strategies.
Testing the carbohydrate-insulin model: Short-term metabolic responses to consumption of meals with varying glycemic index in healthy adults
Authors: Ying Liu, Huihui Mei, Li Xue, Chuanli Cheng, Yingtong Wu, Chao Zou, Ying Yu, Lin Gao, Huanan Zhang, Xinrui Gao, Qiang Li, Lu Wang, Jie Liu, Chaoqun Niu, Xueying Zhang, Sumei Hu, John R. Speakman
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2025)
Aberrant glycosylation of <scp>IgG</scp> in children with active lupus nephritis alters podocyte metabolism and causes podocyte injury
Authors: Rhea Bhargava, Rohit Upadhyay, Cong Zhao, Prasad Katakam, Scott Wenderfer, Jing Chen, Hua He, Richard Cummings, Maria G. Tsokos, George C. Tsokos
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2025)

Background Podocytes are integral to the maintenance of the glomerular filtration barrier. Their injury results in proteinuria and disease progression in lupus nephritis (LN). Aberrant IgG glycosylation drives podocyte injury in LN and leads to cytoskeletal rearrangement, motility changes and decreased nephrin production. Based on these findings, we hypothesized that IgG glycosylation patterns differentiate SLE with and without LN and that this aberrant glycosylation reprograms podocyte metabolism. Methods IgG was isolated from forty pediatric SLE and from 7 healthy control samples. N‐glycan analysis was performed utilizing mass spectrometry. IgG deglycosylation was performed through enzymatic treatment by PNGase‐F for functional studies in podocytes. Untargeted metabolomics was performed in cultured podocytes after exposure to healthy, LN derived or deglycosylated LN IgG and analyzed by MSEA. Digital droplet PCR was utilized to evaluate urine cells and podocytes in culture for pyruvate kinase expression. Results The glycosylation pattern of IgG from children with LN was different from that in children with SLE without kidney involvement. Successful treatment led to normalization of IgG glycosylation. Cultured podocytes treated with LN‐derived IgG had a lower rate of glycolysis compared to podocytes incubated with deglycosylated LN‐IgG or IgG from healthy volunteers. Untargeted metabolomics of podocytes revealed glycolysis as the most enriched pathway in LN and identified 5 key metabolites (pyruvic acid, phosphoenolpyruvic acid, 2‐phosoglycerate, 3 phosphoglycerate, fructose 1,6 bisphosphate) whose levels significantly differed between podocytes exposed to LN‐derived IgG (LN‐IgG) compared and healthy and deglycosylated LN‐IgG. This analysis also revealed clustering around a rate limiting step of glycolysis catalyzed by PKM. Urine analyses revealed elevated pyruvic acid and greater expression of pyruvate kinase in podocytes shed in urine in patients with LN compared to levels in patients with SLE without kidney involvement.. Podocytes in culture had elevated PKM levels when exposed to LN‐IgG compared to IgG from patients with non‐renal SLE and LN in remission. Conclusions Aberrant IgG glycosylation develops in children with LN and adversely alters podocyte metabolism, rendering these cells vulnerable to injury. Successful treatment reverses IgG glycosylation to patterns comparable to those in non‐renal SLE patients. These data lay a strong foundation for larger translational studies evaluating the potential of IgG glycosylation as a predictive and pharmacodynamic biomarker for LN. This work also supports a need for development of approaches to control the aberrant glycosylation of self‐targeting IgG in LN patients as a mechanism to minimize podocytopathy. image
A highly mobile adeno-associated virus targeting vascular smooth muscle cells for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Yoojin Kim, Yeongju Yeo, Minju Kim, Yong-Wook Son, Joowon Kim, Koung Li Kim, Seohee Kim, Seokmin Oh, Yunha Kim, Hyowoo Lee, Hyun-Woo Park, Dongsoo Lee, Sung Jin Lee, Changmin Kang, Hongyoung Choi, Chan Soon Park, Seung-Pyo Lee, Wonhee Suh, Jae-Hyung Jang
Journal: Nature Biomedical Engineering (2025)
GIPR-Ab/GLP-1 peptide–antibody conjugate requires brain GIPR and GLP-1R for additive weight loss in obese mice
Authors: Clarissa M Liu, Elizabeth A Killion, Rola Hammoud, Shu-Chen Lu, Renee Komorowski, Tongyu Liu, Matt Kanke, Veena A Thomas, Kevin Cook, Glenn N Sivits, Aerielle B Ben, Larissa I Atangan, Rajaa Hussien, Amy Tang, Artem Shkumatov, Chi-Ming Li, Daniel J Drucker, Murielle M Véniant
Journal: Nature Metabolism (2025)
Broad rim lesions are a new pathological and imaging biomarker for rapid disease progression in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Luisa Klotz, Joost Smolders, Jussi Lehto, Markus Matilainen, Lukas Lütje, Luzia Buchholz, Stefanie Albrecht, Carolin Walter, Julian Varghese, Heinz Wiendl, Marjo Nylund, Christian Thomas, Maria Gardberg, Aletta M R van den Bosch, Laura Airas, Inge Huitinga, Tanja Kuhlmann
Journal: Nature Medicine (2025)
D3S-001 in advanced solid tumors with KRASG12C mutations: a phase 1 trial
Authors: Byoung Chul Cho, Shun Lu, Myung Ah Lee, Zhengbo Song, John J Park, Sun Min Lim, Ziming Li, Jun Zhao, Gary Richardson, Yanqiao Zhang, Jun Zhang, Anwen Liu, Herbert H Loong, Cheng Chen, Jia Wang, Yandong Shen, Zifei Fan, Qian Chen, Hui Wang, Jing Zhang, Zhi Jian Chen, Melissa L Johnson, Tony Mok
Journal: Nature Medicine (2025)
An in situ engineered chimeric IL-2 receptor potentiates the tumoricidal activity of proinflammatory CAR macrophages in renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Weiqiang Jing, Maosen Han, Ganyu Wang, Zhichao Kong, Xiaotian Zhao, Zhipeng Fu, Xuewen Jiang, Chongdeng Shi, Chen Chen, Jing Zhang, Zuolin Zheng, Jinxin Gao, Weiyi Sun, Chunwei Tang, Zhenmei Yang, Yan Wang, Ying Liu, Kun Zhao, Danqing Zhu, Benkang Shi, Xinyi Jiang
Journal: Nature Cancer (2025)
Effect of felzartamab on the molecular phenotype of antibody-mediated rejection in kidney transplant biopsies
Authors: Matthias Diebold, Patrick T Gauthier, Katharina A Mayer, Martina Mackova, Christian Hinze, Jessica Chang, Uptal D Patel, Ekkehard Schütz, Bernd Jilma, Eva Schrezenmeier, Klemens Budde, Georg A Böhmig, Philip F Halloran
Journal: Nature Medicine (2025)
Causal Relevance of Lp(a) for Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke Types in East Asian and European Ancestry Populations: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Robert Clarke, Neil Wright, Kuang Lin, Canqing Yu, Robin G. Walters, Jun Lv, Michael Hill, Christiana Kartsonaki, Iona Y. Millwood, Derrick A. Bennett, Daniel Avery, Ling Yang, Yiping Chen, Huaidong Du, Paul Sherliker, Xiaoming Yang, Dianjianyi Sun, Liming Li, Chan Qu, Santica Marcovina, Rory Collins, Zhengming Chen, Sarah Parish
Journal: Circulation (2025)

BACKGROUND: Elevated plasma levels of Lp(a) [lipoprotein(a)] are a causal risk factor for coronary heart disease and stroke in European individuals, but the causal relevance of Lp(a) for different stroke types and in East Asian individuals with different Lp(a) genetic architecture is uncertain. METHODS: We measured plasma levels of Lp(a) in a nested case–control study of 18 174 adults (mean [SD] age, 57 [10] years; 49% female) in the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) and performed a genome-wide association analysis to identify genetic variants affecting Lp(a) levels, with replication in ancestry-specific subsets in UK Biobank. We further performed 2-sample Mendelian randomization analyses, associating ancestry-specific Lp(a)-associated instrumental variants derived from CKB or from published data in European individuals with risk of myocardial infarction (n=17 091), ischemic stroke (IS [n=29 233]) and its subtypes, or intracerebral hemorrhage (n=5845) in East Asian and European individuals using available data from CKB and genome-wide association analysis consortia. RESULTS: In CKB observational analyses, plasma levels of Lp(a) were log-linearly and positively associated with higher risks of myocardial infarction and IS, but not with ICH. In genome-wide association analysis, we identified 29 single nucleotide polymorphisms independently associated with Lp(a) that together explained 33% of variance in Lp(a) in Chinese individuals. In UK Biobank, the lead Chinese variants identified in CKB were replicated in 1260 Chinese individuals, but explained only 10% of variance in Lp(a) in European individuals. In Mendelian randomization analyses, however, there were highly concordant effects of Lp(a) across both ancestries for all cardiovascular disease outcomes examined. In combined analyses of both ancestries, the proportional reductions in risk per 100 nmol/L lower genetically predicted Lp(a) levels for myocardial infarction were 3-fold greater than for total IS (rate ratio, 0.78 [95% CI, 0.76–0.81] versus 0.94 [0.92–0.96]), but were similar to those for large-artery IS (0.80 [0.73–0.87]; n=8134). There were weaker associations with cardioembolic IS (0.92 [95% CI, 0.86–0.98]; n=11 730), and no association with small-vessel IS (0.99 [0.91–1.07]; n=12 343) or with intracerebral hemorrhage (1.08 [0.96–1.21]; n=5845). CONCLUSIONS: The effects of Lp(a) on risk of myocardial infarction and large-artery IS were comparable in East Asian and European individuals, suggesting that people with either ancestry could expect comparable proportional benefits for equivalent reductions in Lp(a), but there was little effect on other stroke types.
Personalized inhaled bacteriophage therapy for treatment of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis
Authors: Benjamin K Chan, Gail L Stanley, Kaitlyn E Kortright, Albert C Vill, Mrinalini Modak, Isabel M Ott, Ying Sun, Silvia Würstle, Casey N Grun, Barbara I Kazmierczak, Govindarajan Rajagopalan, Zachary M Harris, Clemente J Britto, Jill Stewart, Jaideep S Talwalkar, Casey R Appell, Nauman Chaudary, Sugeet K Jagpal, Raksha Jain, Adaobi Kanu, Bradley S Quon, John M Reynolds, Charlotte C Teneback, Quynh-Anh Mai, Veronika Shabanova, Paul E Turner, Jonathan L Koff
Journal: Nature Medicine (2025)
Endothelial KLF15/VASN Axis Inhibits Angiogenesis via Activation of Notch1 Signaling
Authors: Jia Zhang, Jia-Jia Zhao, Han-Dan Zhou, Jing Chen, Mo-Na Hong, Ji-Guang Wang, Ping-Jin Gao, Xiao-Dong Li
Journal: Circulation Research (2025)

BACKGROUND: Angiogenesis is a dynamic process fine-tuned by transcription factors in endothelial cells. The KLF15 (Krüppel-like factor 15)-mediated transcriptional regulation mechanism is critical for cardiovascular diseases. However, the role of KLF15 in governing angiogenesis remains unknown. METHODS: KLF15 and VASN (vasorin) were deleted from endothelial cells using tamoxifen-inducible Cdh5 promoter–driven Cre recombinase in EC-KLF15 knockout (KO) and EC-VASN KO mice, respectively. EC-KLF15 KO, EC-VASN KO, and control mice were subjected to retinal angiogenesis or tumor cell transplantation. The RNA sequencing, assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing, and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing were conducted to identify VASN as a downstream effector of KLF15. Cell proliferation, wound healing, tube formation, and sprouting assays were performed to delineate endothelial cell function. RESULTS: In EC-KLF15 KO mice and adenovirus-mediated KLF15 overexpression mice, we showed that KLF15 negatively regulated retinal angiogenesis, as confirmed in cultured endothelial cells. KLF15 opened chromatin, bound to the promoters of GC-rich sequences, and transactivated the expression of VASN. Subsequently, VASN suppressed endothelial angiogenic function, which was essential for Dll4 (delta-like ligand 4)-induced Notch1 signaling activation. Moreover, increased expression of VASN in EC-KLF15 KO mice suppressed retinal angiogenesis, which was attenuated by γ-secretase inhibitor. EC-VASN KO mice recapitulated the promotion of retinal angiogenesis in EC-KLF15 KO mice. Finally, the EGF (epidermal growth factor)-like domain of VASN was essential for its interaction with Notch1, and VASN EGF-like domain-derived peptides activated Notch1 signaling and suppressed angiogenesis. CONCLUSIONS: The KLF15/VASN axis negatively regulates angiogenesis by activating Notch1 signaling. KLF15 and VASN might represent novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of impaired angiogenesis-related diseases and tumors.
Prone positioning during veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tommaso Pettenuzzo, Eleonora Balzani, Nicolò Sella, Marco Giani, Mara Bassi, Valentina Fincati, Rossella Cescon, Giorgia Pacchiarini, Giovanna Pandolfo, Roberta Ceccato, Lars Grønlykke, Dawid L Staudacher, Nicolas Nesseler, Senta Jorinde Raasveld, Michele Carron, Elisa Pistollato, Giulia Mormando, Francesco Zarantonello, Alessandro De Cassai, Annalisa Boscolo, Emanuele Rezoagli, Giuseppe Foti, Paolo Navalesi
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2025)
Whole-exome tumor-agnostic ctDNA analysis enhances minimal residual disease detection and reveals relapse mechanisms in localized colon cancer
Authors: Jorge Martín-Arana, Francisco Gimeno-Valiente, Tenna Vesterman Henriksen, Blanca García-Micó, Belén Martínez-Castedo, Valentina Gambardella, Carolina Martínez-Ciarpaglini, Brenda Palomar, Marisol Huerta, Daniel G Camblor, Miguel García Bartolomé, Juan Antonio Carbonell-Asins, Amanda Frydendahl, Kåre Andersson Gotchalck, Tania Fleitas, Roberto Tébar-Martínez, David Moro, Vicente Pla, Leticia Pérez-Santiago, José Martín-Arévalo, David Casado, Stephanie García-Botello, Alejandro Espí, Susana Roselló, Desamparados Roda, Claus Lindbjerg Andersen, Andrés Cervantes, Noelia Tarazona
Journal: Nature Cancer (2025)
GIPR agonism and antagonism decrease body weight and food intake via different mechanisms in male mice
Authors: Robert M Gutgesell, Ahmed Khalil, Arkadiusz Liskiewicz, Gandhari Maity-Kumar, Aaron Novikoff, Gerald Grandl, Daniela Liskiewicz, Callum Coupland, Ezgi Karaoglu, Seun Akindehin, Russell Castelino, Fabiola Curion, Xue Liu, Cristina Garcia-Caceres, Alberto Cebrian-Serrano, Jonathan D Douros, Patrick J Knerr, Brian Finan, Richard D DiMarchi, Kyle W Sloop, Ricardo J Samms, Fabian J Theis, Matthias H Tschöp, Timo D Müller
Journal: Nature Metabolism (2025)
Phenotypic screening uncovered anti-myocardial fibrosis candidates using a novel 3D myocardial tissue under hypoxia
Authors: Jingyu Wang, Xiangning Liu, Rongxin Zhu, Ying Sun, Boyang Jiao, Keyan Wang, Yong Jiang, Yong Wang, Chun Li, Wei Wang
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2025)
SPIRIT 2025 explanation and elaboration: updated guideline for protocols of randomised trials
Authors: Asbjørn Hróbjartsson, Isabelle Boutron, Sally Hopewell, David Moher, Kenneth F Schulz, Gary S Collins, Ruth Tunn, Rakesh Aggarwal, Michael Berkwits, Jesse A Berlin, Nita Bhandari, Nancy J Butcher, Marion K Campbell, Runcie C W Chidebe, Diana R Elbourne, Andrew J Farmer, Dean A Fergusson, Robert M Golub, Steven N Goodman, Tammy C Hoffmann, John P A Ioannidis, Brennan C Kahan, Rachel L Knowles, Sarah E Lamb, Steff Lewis, Elizabeth Loder, Martin Offringa, Philippe Ravaud, Dawn P Richards, Frank W Rockhold, David L Schriger, Nandi L Siegfried, Sophie Staniszewska, Rod S Taylor, Lehana Thabane, David J Torgerson, Sunita Vohra, Ian R White, An-Wen Chan
Journal: BMJ (2025)
Antipsychotics and dietary interventions: pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics and synergisms in therapy
Authors: Cristiana Perrotta, Carla Carnovale, Marco Pozzi, Clara De Palma, Davide Cervia, Maria Nobile, Emilio Clementi
Journal: Pharmacological Reviews (2025)

Antipsychotic (AP) medications are the primary treatment for severe mental illnesses, including schizophrenia and severe mood disorders. APs are currently categorized into typical or first-generation APs and atypical or second-generation APs. Although both first-generation and second-generation APs are considered effective in treating psychotic symptoms in severe mental disorders, they differ in their mechanisms, treatment strategies, and side effect profiles. Because of their potential motor and metabolic side effects, which often compromise patient adherence and clinical outcomes, whether and how to use APs remains controversial. The use of dietary interventions in combination with APs is emerging as a viable strategy to reduce AP adverse effects while maintaining their efficacy and enhance patient adherence to treatment. In contrast to drugs that possess a well defined molecular mechanism of action, dietary interventions act in pleiotropic ways by nature. While providing a holistic approach to patient care this pleiotropy needs to be analyzed and systematized to enhance the efficacy and safety of the combination of them with APs. Guidelines for this type of treatment are still needed. In this review, we explore the pharmacological properties, therapeutic applications, and limitations of APs, and discuss the potential benefits and limitations of those dietary interventions that are employed to improve the efficacy and counteract side effects of APs discussing also their mechanisms of action. Finally, we critically discuss the main results of clinical studies combining APs and dietary interventions and provide a view on future directions in terms of research and clinical use of these combinations. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Antipsychotic drugs are useful in a variety of psychiatric conditions, yet their use is hampered by issues of efficacy and safety. An important step toward therapy optimization is their use in combination with dietary interventions (ie, dietary supplements and nutraceuticals) that have shown promising results in clinical trials.
Empowering bacteria with light: Optogenetically engineered bacteria for light-controlled disease theranostics and regulation
Authors: Ying Yin, Xiang Cheng, Ruyan Xie, Duoyang Fan, Haohan Li, Shibo Zhong, Seraphine V Wegner, Wenbin Zeng, Fei Chen
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2025)