tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Colorectal Cancer Screening Programs in Latin America
Authors: Eleazar E. Montalvan-Sanchez, Dalton A. Norwood, Michael Dougherty, Renato Beas, Maria Guranizo-Ortiz, Miriam Ramirez-Rojas, Douglas R. Morgan, Thomas F. Imperiale
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

Importance Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally, with increasing incidence and mortality in Latin America. CRC screening programs can reduce disease burden, but information on screening programs in Latin America is limited. Objective To describe characteristics (eg, type of program, uptake, neoplastic yield) of CRC screening programs in Latin America. Data Sources PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, PsycINFO, Web of Science Core Collection, LILACS, and SciELO were searched from inception to February 2023. Relevant references from bibliographies, conference proceedings, and gray literature were considered. The search strategy included English, Spanish, and Portuguese terms. Study Selection Included were studies of CRC screening programs in Latin America using fecal immunochemical test (FIT) or colonoscopy as the primary screening method. Four reviewers independently assessed study eligibility based on titles, with review of abstracts and full texts as needed. Data Extraction and Synthesis Guidelines from Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) were followed for data abstraction and quality assessment. Descriptive information was extracted, and data were pooled using a random-effects model. Main outcomes and Measures Program performance indicators included rates of participation and FIT positivity, adenoma detection rate (ADR), advanced adenoma detection rate (AADR), CRC detection rate, and colonoscopy quality indicators. Results There were 17 studies included from upper middle-income and high-income countries in Latin America with a total of 123 929 participants. Thirteen studies used FIT as the initial screening method, whereas 4 used screening colonoscopy. The participation rate in FIT-based programs was 85.8% (95% CI, 78.5%-91.4%). FIT positivity rates were 15.2% (95% CI, 9.6%-21.8%) for the 50-ng/mL threshold and 9.7% (95% CI, 6.8%-13.0%) for the 100-ng/mL threshold. For FIT-based studies, the pooled ADR was 39.0% (95% CI, 29.3%-49.2%) and CRC detection rate was 4.9% (95% CI, 2.6%-7.9%); for screening colonoscopy–based studies, the pooled ADR was 19.9% (95% CI, 15.5%-24.8%) and CRC detection rate was 0.4% (95% CI, 0.1%-0.8%). Conclusions and Relevance This systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that CRC screening in upper middle-income countries in Latin America is feasible, detecting rates of neoplasia comparable with those of high-income regions. Population-based screening programs should be developed or enhanced in these settings. There is a knowledge gap regarding feasibility and yield of screening programs in lower middle-income countries.
Dietary Niacin Intake and Mortality Among Individuals With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Jie Pan, Yujia Zhou, Nengzhi Pang, Lili Yang
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2024)

Importance Evidence regarding the effect of dietary niacin intake on the risk of mortality among patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is scarce. Objective To examine the association of dietary niacin intake with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality among individuals with NAFLD. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2003-2018). In total, 4315 adults aged 20 years or older with NAFLD were included, with NAFLD defined using the United States Fatty Liver Index. Exposure Dietary niacin intake levels. Main Outcomes and Measures Weighted Cox proportional hazards models and restricted cubic splines were used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% CIs for all-cause and CVD mortality. Data were analyzed March 1 to September 1, 2023. Results This cohort study included data from 4315 participants in the analysis (mean [SD] age, 52.5 [16.2] years; 1670 participants ≥60 years [weighted, 30.9%]; 2351 men [weighted, 55.0%]). During a median (IQR) follow-up of 8.8 (4.6-11.8) years, 566 deaths were recorded, of which 197 were attributed to CVD. Compared with participants with a niacin intake of 18.4 mg or lower (the lowest tertile), the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios for participants with a niacin intake of 26.7 mg or higher (the highest tertile) were 0.70 (95% CI, 0.50-0.96) for all-cause mortality ( P = .03 for trend) and 0.65 (95% CI, 0.35-1.20) for CVD mortality ( P = .16 for trend). Conclusions and Relevance Findings from this cohort study suggest that higher dietary niacin intake may be associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality among individuals with NAFLD. There was no evident inverse association between dietary niacin intake and the risk of CVD mortality.
Association of Skin Microbiome Dynamics With Radiodermatitis in Patients With Breast Cancer
Authors: Claudia Hülpüsch, Avidan Uriel Neumann, Matthias Reiger, Julius Clemens Fischer, Amedeo de Tomassi, Gertrud Hammel, Carina Gülzow, Megan Fleming, Hendrik Dapper, Michael Mayinger, Marco Vogel, Christina Ertl, Stephanie Elisabeth Combs, Claudia Traidl-Hoffmann, Kai Joachim Borm
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2024)

The interindividual differences in severity of acute radiation dermatitis are not well understood. To date, the pathomechanism and interplay of microbiome and radiodermatitis before and during treatment remain largely unknown.
Breastfeeding Initiation by WIC Receipt After Formula Shortages in 2022
Authors: Marie E. Thoma, Lindsay M. Mallick, Leslie Hodges, Joanne Guthrie
Journal: JAMA (2024)

This study assesses differences in breastfeeding initiation trends between Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) participants and WIC-eligible nonparticipants before, during, and after the 2022 infant formula disruption.
Considerations in Meta-Analysis of Immunotherapy for Advanced Cancers Other Than Melanoma
Authors: Huayang Pang, Hao Sun
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2024)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Considerations in Meta-Analysis of Immunotherapy for Advanced Cancers Other Than Melanoma—Reply
Authors: Niraj K. Shenoy
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2024)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Assessing the accuracy, usefulness, and readability of artificial-intelligence–generated responses to common dermatologic surgery questions for patient education: A double-blinded comparative study of ChatGPT and Google Bard
Authors: Michelle A. Robinson, Micah Belzberg, Sach Thakker, Kristin Bibee, Emily Merkel, Deborah F. MacFarlane, Jordan Lim, Jeffrey F. Scott, Min Deng, Jesse Lewin, David Soleymani, David Rosenfeld, Rosemarie Liu, Tin Yan Alvin Liu, Elise Ng
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2024)
Dupilumab treatment improves signs, symptoms, quality of life, and work productivity in patients with atopic hand and foot dermatitis: Results from a phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Eric L. Simpson, Jonathan I. Silverberg, Margitta Worm, Golara Honari, Koji Masuda, Ewa Syguła, Marie L.A. Schuttelaar, Eric Mortensen, Elizabeth Laws, Bolanle Akinlade, Naimish Patel, Jennifer Maloney, Heather Paleczny, Dimittri Delevry, Jing Xiao, Ariane Dubost-Brama, Ashish Bansal
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2024)

Despite high disease burden, systemic treatment options for patients with atopic hand and/or foot dermatitis (H/F AD) are limited.
Central serous chorioretinopathy: An evidence-based treatment guideline
Authors: Helena M.A. Feenstra, Elon H.C. van Dijk, Chui Ming Gemmy Cheung, Kyoko Ohno-Matsui, Timothy Y.Y. Lai, Hideki Koizumi, Michael Larsen, Giuseppe Querques, Susan M. Downes, Suzanne Yzer, Mark P. Breazzano, Yousif Subhi, Ramin Tadayoni, Siegfried G. Priglinger, Laurenz J.B. Pauleikhoff, Clemens A.K. Lange, Anat Loewenstein, Roselie M.H. Diederen, Reinier O. Schlingemann, Carel B. Hoyng, Jay K. Chhablani, Frank G. Holz, Sobha Sivaprasad, Andrew J. Lotery, Lawrence A. Yannuzzi, K. Bailey Freund, Camiel J.F. Boon
Journal: Progress in Retinal and Eye Research (2024)

Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is a relatively common disease that causes vision loss due to macular subretinal fluid leakage and is often associated with reduced vision-related quality of life. In CSC, the leakage of subretinal fluid through defects in the retinal pigment epithelial layer's outer blood-retina barrier appears to occur secondary to choroidal abnormalities and dysfunction. The treatment of CSC is currently the subject of controversy, although recent data obtained from several large randomized controlled trials provide a wealth of new information that can be used to establish a treatment algorithm. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of our current understanding regarding the pathogenesis of CSC, current therapeutic strategies, and an evidence-based treatment guideline for CSC. In acute CSC, treatment can often be deferred for up to 3–4 months after diagnosis; however, early treatment with either half-dose or half-fluence photodynamic therapy (PDT) combined with the photosensitive dye verteporfin may be beneficial in selected cases. In chronic CSC, half-dose or half-fluence PDT, which targets the abnormal choroid, should be considered the preferred treatment. If PDT is unavailable, chronic CSC with focal, non-central leakage on angiography may be treated using conventional laser photocoagulation. CSC with concurrent macular neovascularization should be treated with half-dose/half-fluence PDT and/or intravitreal injections of an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor compound. Given the current shortage of verteporfin and the paucity of evidence supporting the efficacy of other treatment options, future studies—ideally, well-designed randomized controlled trials—are needed in order to evaluate new treatment options for CSC.
METTL16 promotes liver cancer stem cell self-renewal via controlling ribosome biogenesis and mRNA translation
Authors: Meilin Xue, Lei Dong, Honghai Zhang, Yangchan Li, Kangqiang Qiu, Zhicong Zhao, Min Gao, Li Han, Anthony K. N. Chan, Wei Li, Keith Leung, Kitty Wang, Sheela Pangeni Pokharel, Ying Qing, Wei Liu, Xueer Wang, Lili Ren, Hongjie Bi, Lu Yang, Chao Shen, Zhenhua Chen, Laleh Melstrom, Hongzhi Li, Nikolai Timchenko, Xiaolan Deng, Wendong Huang, Steven T. Rosen, Jingyan Tian, Lin Xu, Jiajie Diao, Chun-Wei Chen, Jianjun Chen, Baiyong Shen, Hao Chen, Rui Su
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2024)

Abstract Background While liver cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a crucial role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) initiation, progression, recurrence, and treatment resistance, the mechanism underlying liver CSC self-renewal remains elusive. We aim to characterize the role of Methyltransferase 16 (METTL16), a recently identified RNA N 6 -methyladenosine (m 6 A) methyltransferase, in HCC development/maintenance, CSC stemness, as well as normal hepatogenesis. Methods Liver-specific Mettl16 conditional KO (cKO) mice were generated to assess its role in HCC pathogenesis and normal hepatogenesis. Hydrodynamic tail-vein injection (HDTVi)-induced de novo hepatocarcinogenesis and xenograft models were utilized to determine the role of METTL16 in HCC initiation and progression. A limiting dilution assay was utilized to evaluate CSC frequency. Functionally essential targets were revealed via integrative analysis of multi-omics data, including RNA-seq, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP)-seq, and ribosome profiling. Results METTL16 is highly expressed in liver CSCs and its depletion dramatically decreased CSC frequency in vitro and in vivo. Mettl16 KO significantly attenuated HCC initiation and progression, yet only slightly influenced normal hepatogenesis. Mechanistic studies, including high-throughput sequencing, unveiled METTL16 as a key regulator of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) maturation and mRNA translation and identified eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit a ( eIF3a ) transcript as a bona-fide target of METTL16 in HCC. In addition, the functionally essential regions of METTL16 were revealed by CRISPR gene tiling scan, which will pave the way for the development of potential inhibitor(s). Conclusions Our findings highlight the crucial oncogenic role of METTL16 in promoting HCC pathogenesis and enhancing liver CSC self-renewal through augmenting mRNA translation efficiency.
Development of CNS tropic AAV1-like variants with reduced liver-targeting following systemic administration in mice
Authors: Matthieu Drouyer, Jessica Merjane, Deborah Nazareth, Maddison Knight, Suzanne Scott, Sophia H Y Liao, Samantha L Ginn, Erhua Zhu, Ian E Alexander, Leszek Lisowski
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2024)

Directed evolution of natural AAV9 using peptide display libraries have been widely used in the search for an optimal recombinant AAV (rAAV) for transgene delivery across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to the CNS following intravenous ( IV) injection. In this study, we used a different approach by creating a shuffled rAAV capsid library based on parental AAV serotypes 1 through 12. Following selection in mice, 3 novel variants closely related to AAV1, AAV-BBB6, AAV-BBB28, and AAV-BBB31, emerged as top candidates. In direct comparisons with AAV9, our novel variants demonstrated an over 270-fold improvement in CNS transduction and exhibited a clear bias toward neuronal cells. Intriguingly, our AAV-BBB variants relied on the LY6A cellular receptor for CNS entry, similar to AAV9 peptide variants AAV-PHP.eB and AAV.CAP-B10, despite the different bioengineering methods used and parental backgrounds. The variants also showed reduced transduction of both mouse liver and human primary hepatocytes in vivo. To increase clinical translatability, we enhanced the immune escape properties of our new variants by introducing additional modifications based on rational design. Overall, our study highlights the potential of AAV1-like vectors for efficient CNS transduction with reduced liver tropism, offering promising prospects for CNS gene therapies.
Multimodal immune phenotyping reveals microbial-T cell interactions that shape pancreatic cancer
Authors: Yan Li, Renee B. Chang, Meredith L. Stone, Devora Delman, Kelly Markowitz, Yuqing Xue, Heather Coho, Veronica M. Herrera, Joey H. Li, Liti Zhang, Shaanti Choi-Bose, Michael Giannone, Sarah M. Shin, Erin M. Coyne, Alexei Hernandez, Nicole E. Gross, Soren Charmsaz, Won Jin Ho, Jae W. Lee, Gregory L. Beatty
Journal: Cell Reports Medicine (2024)

Microbes are an integral component of the tumor microenvironment. However, determinants of microbial presence remain ill-defined. Here, using spatial-profiling technologies, we show that bacterial and immune cell heterogeneity are spatially coupled. Mouse models of pancreatic cancer recapitulate the immune-microbial spatial coupling seen in humans. Distinct intra-tumoral niches are defined by T cells, with T cell-enriched and T cell-poor regions displaying unique bacterial communities that are associated with immunologically active and quiescent phenotypes, respectively, but are independent of the gut microbiome. Depletion of intra-tumoral bacteria slows tumor growth in T cell-poor tumors and alters the phenotype and presence of myeloid and B cells in T cell-enriched tumors but does not affect T cell infiltration. In contrast, T cell depletion disrupts the immunological state of tumors and reduces intra-tumoral bacteria. Our results establish a coupling between microbes and T cells in cancer wherein spatially defined immune-microbial communities differentially influence tumor biology.
A multiomics analysis-assisted deep learning model identifies a macrophage-oriented module as a potential therapeutic target in colorectal cancer
Authors: Xuanwen Bao, Qiong Li, Dong Chen, Xiaomeng Dai, Chuan Liu, Weihong Tian, Hangyu Zhang, Yuzhi Jin, Yin Wang, Jinlin Cheng, Chunyu Lai, Chanqi Ye, Shan Xin, Xin Li, Ge Su, Yongfeng Ding, Yangyang Xiong, Jindong Xie, Vincent Tano, Yanfang Wang, Wenguang Fu, Shuiguang Deng, Weijia Fang, Jianpeng Sheng, Jian Ruan, Peng Zhao
Journal: Cell Reports Medicine (2024)

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignancy involving multiple cellular components. The CRC tumor microenvironment (TME) has been characterized well at single-cell resolution. However, a spatial interaction map of the CRC TME is still elusive. Here, we integrate multiomics analyses and establish a spatial interaction map to improve the prognosis, prediction, and therapeutic development for CRC. We construct a CRC immune module (CCIM) that comprises FOLR2+ macrophages, exhausted CD8+ T cells, tolerant CD8+ T cells, exhausted CD4+ T cells, and regulatory T cells. Multiplex immunohistochemistry is performed to depict the CCIM. Based on this, we utilize advanced deep learning technology to establish a spatial interaction map and predict chemotherapy response. CCIM-Net is constructed, which demonstrates good predictive performance for chemotherapy response in both the training and testing cohorts. Lastly, targeting FOLR2+ macrophage therapeutics is used to disrupt the immunosuppressive CCIM and enhance the chemotherapy response in vivo.
Alterations in fecal virome and bacteriome virome interplay in children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Yating Wan, Lin Zhang, Zhilu Xu, Qi Su, Ting-Fan Leung, Dorothy Chan, Oscar W.H. Wong, Sandra Chan, Francis K.L. Chan, Hein M. Tun, Siew C. Ng
Journal: Cell Reports Medicine (2024)

Emerging evidence suggests autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with altered gut bacteria. However, less is known about the gut viral community and its role in shaping microbiota in neurodevelopmental disorders. Herein, we perform a metagenomic analysis of gut-DNA viruses in 60 children with ASD and 64 age- and gender-matched typically developing children to investigate the effect of the gut virome on host bacteria in children with ASD. ASD is associated with altered gut virome composition accompanied by the enrichment of Clostridium phage, Bacillus phage, and Enterobacteria phage. These ASD-enriched phages are largely associated with disrupted viral ecology in ASD. Importantly, changes in the interplay between the gut bacteriome and virome seen in ASD may influence the encoding capacity of microbial pathways for neuroactive metabolite biosynthesis. These findings suggest an impaired bacteriome-virome ecology in ASD, which sheds light on the importance of bacteriophages in pathogenesis and the development of microbial therapeutics in ASD.
Inhibition of CD38 enzymatic activity enhances CAR-T cell immune-therapeutic efficacy by repressing glycolytic metabolism
Authors: Yue Huang, Mi Shao, Xinyi Teng, Xiaohui Si, Longyuan Wu, Penglei Jiang, Lianxuan Liu, Bohan Cai, Xiujian Wang, Yingli Han, Youqin Feng, Kai Liu, Zhaoru Zhang, Jiazhen Cui, Mingming Zhang, Yongxian Hu, Pengxu Qian, He Huang
Journal: Cell Reports Medicine (2024)

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T therapy has shown superior efficacy against hematopoietic malignancies. However, many patients failed to achieve sustainable tumor control partially due to CAR-T cell exhaustion and limited persistence. In this study, by performing single-cell multi-omics data analysis on patient-derived CAR-T cells, we identify CD38 as a potential hallmark of exhausted CAR-T cells, which is positively correlated with exhaustion-related transcription factors and further confirmed with in vitro exhaustion models. Moreover, inhibiting CD38 activity reverses tonic signaling- or tumor antigen-induced exhaustion independent of single-chain variable fragment design or costimulatory domain, resulting in improved CAR-T cell cytotoxicity and antitumor response. Mechanistically, CD38 inhibition synergizes the downregulation of CD38-cADPR -Ca2+ signaling and activation of the CD38-NAD+-SIRT1 axis to suppress glycolysis. Collectively, our findings shed light on the role of CD38 in CAR-T cell exhaustion and suggest potential clinical applications of CD38 inhibition in enhancing the efficacy and persistence of CAR-T cell therapy.
Anaerobic respiration of host-derived methionine sulfoxide protects intracellular Salmonella from the phagocyte NADPH oxidase
Authors: Ju-Sim Kim, Lin Liu, Sashi Kant, David J. Orlicky, Siva Uppalapati, Alyssa Margolis, Bennett J. Davenport, Thomas E. Morrison, Jennifer Matsuda, Michael McClelland, Jessica Jones-Carson, Andres Vazquez-Torres
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2024)
<i>Notes from the Field:</i> Cluster of Severe Illness from Neptune’s Fix Tianeptine Linked to Synthetic Cannabinoids — New Jersey, June–November 2023
Authors: Christopher J. Counts, Anthony V. Spadaro, Trevor A. Cerbini, Alex J. Krotulski, Howard A. Greller, Lewis S. Nelson, Bruce E. Ruck, Diane P. Calello
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2024)

Tianeptine is an atypical tricyclic antidepressant with pharmacologic effects that include enhancement of serotonin reuptake and mu-opioid receptor agonism.The Food and Drug Administration has not approved tianeptine for use in the United States; however, it is readily purchased in elixir formulations online or at gas stations informally referred to as "gas station heroin" (1-3).This report describes an uncharacteristic spike in tianeptine ingestions in New Jersey during June-November 2023, with severe associated clinical effects with synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (SCRAs) identified in samples of the ingested products.