tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1713: Aspirin-insensitive Thromboxane Synthesis Predicts Future Cardiovascular Events In Patients With Stable Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Hisako Omori, Kagari M Murasaki, Akiko Kobayashi, Nobuhisa Hagiwara
Journal: Circulation (2008)

The presence of urinary 11-dehydrothromboxane B2 (11-d-TXB2), a stable metabolite of thromboxane A2 is believed to be predominantly attributable to platelet activation and should decrease after aspirin treatment. Little is known about clinical outcome and aspirin-insensitive thromboxane synthesis in patients with stable coronary artery disease .The aim of this study is to clarify relationship between urinary levels of 11-d-TXB2 and the cardiovascular events in patients with stable coronary artery disease. We prospectively studied 82 consecutive patients with stable coronary artery disease. Patients were followed-up clinically for the occurrence of cardiovascular events, a composite of myocardial infarction, percutaneous coronary intervention, coronary artery bypass graft, ischemic stroke, and death. All patients had received daily aspirin therapy (100mg daily) for at least 1 month. Urinary levels of 11-d-TXB2 were also evaluated. Mean follow up periods were 1195 ± 300 days. A total of 12 (14.6%) patients experienced the end point event. In multivariate regression analysis, the 11-d-TXB2 levels were significantly associated with the occurrence of the composite cardiovascular event (P = 0.03). This association was independent of traditional cardiovascular risk factors. According to receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, cardiovascular events were best predicted by 11-d-TXB2. When using the cut-off levels derived from ROC, high levels of 11-d-TXB2 ( > 25.1 ng/mmol • Creatinine) were associated with increased risk of future cardiovascular events. Aspirin-insensitive thromboxane synthesis predicts future cardiovascular events in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Routine measurement of 11-d-TXB2 levels might be a useful tool for identifying high-risk patients in order to plan aggressive diagnostic protocols and prevention therapies.
Early and Long-Term Results of Unprotected Left Main Coronary Artery Stenting
Authors: Pawel E. Buszman, Piotr P. Buszman, R. Stefan Kiesz, Andrzej Bochenek, Blazej Trela, Magda Konkolewska, David Wallace-Bradley, Mirosław Wilczyński, Iwona Banasiewicz-Szkróbka, Ewa Peszek-Przybyla, Marek Krol, Marek Kondys, Krzysztof Milewski, Szymon Wiernek, Marcin Dębiński, Aleksander Żurakowski, Jack L. Martin, Michał Tendera
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2009)
Gender differences in personality disorders in psychiatrically hospitalized adolescents
Authors: C M Grilo, D F Becker, D C Fehon, M L Walker, W S Edell, T H McGlashan
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1996)

The authors examined gender differences in DSM-III-R personality disorders in adolescent psychiatric inpatients.Structured diagnostic interviews were reliably performed with a series of 138 consecutively admitted adolescent inpatients. To reduce variability due to heterogeneity of axis I diagnoses, a subgroup of 87 patients with major depression was retested for gender differences.Females were significantly more likely than males to meet the criteria for borderline personality disorder. Narcissistic personality disorder was diagnosed only in males. A similar pattern was observed in the subgroup of patients with major depression.The findings suggest potentially important gender differences in personality disorders in adolescent inpatients.
Abstract P077: Differences and Similarities in Dietary Pattern and Nutrient Profiles between the Sexes and Blacks and Whites. The Adventist Health Study 2
Authors: Nico S Rizzo, Karen Jaceldo-Siegl, Gary Fraser
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Objective: To describe the associations between dietary patterns with nutrient intakes differentiated by sex and race. Methods: Cross-sectional study of 71751 subjects (mean age 59 years, 65% female, 76% white) from the Adventist Health Study 2. Participants completed a 204-item validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Five dietary patterns were established: non vegetarian, semi vegetarians, pesco vegetarians, lacto ovo vegetarians and strict vegetarians. ANCOVA and linear regression analysis were used to determine differences of nutrient intakes by dietary patterns. Non-dietary variables, such as age, smoking and physical activity were taken into account and associations between dietary pattern and BMI were compared. Analysis was repeated by stratifying for sex and race. Results: Strict vegetarians had the lowest BMI, with graded higher BMI levels for dietary patterns with greater fractions of animal plant protein, total fat and saturated fatty acids but similar total caloric intakes. Mean nutrient intake was more dissimilar across dietary pattern than between the sexes or blacks and whites. In general nutrient intakes were more similar between males and females than between blacks and whites with blacks revealing a strikingly higher percentage of non vegetarians than whites. Supplement intakes were often markedly higher in females than in males and higher in whites than in blacks with mean micronutrient intakes for all dietary patterns being well above the estimated average requirements for American adults in both sexes and blacks and whites. Conclusions: All groups met current American nutrient requirements. Nutrient intakes varied more markedly between dietary pattern than between sex or race. Lower BMI levels were associated with dietary patterns characterized by higher plant food intake despite generally similar caloric intake across dietary patterns warranting further investigation.
Abstract 13673: Biventricular Defibrillation Using Rapid, Simple Delivery of Defibrillation Coils to Coronary Sinus Branches in Patients With High Defibrillation Thresholds
Authors: Nitin Mathur, Miguel Valderrabano
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Treating patients with high defibrillation thresholds (DFT) remains a clinical challenge. Implantation of a subcutaneous or azygos vein coil increases procedural complexity and morbid...
Abstract 1611: Herceptin, an Antibody Against erbB2 Receptor, Induces Cardiomyocyte Death by Increasing Production of Reactive Oxygen Species
Authors: Leo Gordon, Sheila Prachand, Amareshwar Singh, Hossein Ardehali
Journal: Circulation (2006)

The tyrosine kinase receptor erbB2 (or Her2 in humans) is a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor. It is highly expressed in many cancer types, and its overexpression is correlated with a ...
Abstract 14519: A Prospective Study of Risk Factors for the Development and Progression of Carcinoid Heart Disease
Authors: Sanjeev Bhattacharyya, Christos Toumpanakis, Deepika Chilkunda, Martyn Caplin, Joseph Davar
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Objective: The development of valvular heart disease in patients with carcinoid syndrome is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in these patients. We sought to identify potentially modif...
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Authors: Margarete Meta Kunde
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1927)

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Guidelines will encourage the thinking that underpins racism in medicine
Authors: I. O. Azuonye
Journal: BMJ (1996)

EDITOR,—I am concerned that Kwame McKenzie and N S Crowcroft's editorial on the need to describe race, ethnicity, and culture in medical research will encourage prejudice.1 I am sure that that is not the authors' intention, but it is what they are most likely to accomplish if they continue in their present line of thought. They offer the spurious argument that “if researchers want to be able to compare results of studies now and …
Abstract 93: GlideScope Video Laryngoscopic vs Macintosh Laryngoscopic Intubation During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: An Observational Study and Propensity Score Matching Analysis
Authors: Young-Min Kim, Young-Min Oh, Hyung-Goo Kang, Hyuk-Joong Choi, Sang-Mo Je, Sung-Phil Chung
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: The use of video laryngoscope during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) has not been extensively studied. A randomized controlled trial comparing the efficacy between video and direct laryngoscopy during CPR is logistically difficult. The objective of this study was to determine whether the first-attempt success rate of intubation using GlideScope video laryngoscope (GVL) is different to Macintosh laryngoscope (MAC) during CPR. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that the first-attempt success rate of intubation using GVL would be higher than MAC during CPR. Methods: This was an observational study using a multicenter airway registry data of six emergency departments (EDs) following current CPR guidelines - minimize interruptions in chest compressions. Adults of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest intubated in the EDs from March 2006 to December 2010 were enrolled. The primary outcome was success with first attempt. Secondary outcome was intubation failure. An attempt was defined as the introduction of the laryngoscope into the mouth. Failure was defined as an esophageal intubation, changing to a different device or intubator, or more than three attempts. To reduce the effect of selection bias and potential confounding, we performed rigorous adjustment for significant differences in patient and intubator factors using a propensity-score (PS) matching analysis. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) for the outcomes between the laryngoscopes were calculated. Results: A total of 1867 eligible patients were enrolled in this study. Of those patients, GVL was used for initial attempt in 180 (9.6%). Overall first-attempt success rate were 86.1% in GVL group and 80.9% in MAC group ( p =0.090), but failure rate was significantly different between two groups (GVL vs. MAC; 7.2% vs. 14.9%, p =0.006) in crude analysis. Using PS matching, 177 patients were equally assigned to each group. The adjusted OR for the first-attempt success and failure rate in GVL group compared to MAC group was 1.37 (95% CI 0.76-2.45) and 0.46 (95% CI 0.23-0.93), respectively. Conclusions: The first-attempt success rates of intubation during CPR were not significantly different between GVL and MAC. However, intubation failure rate of GVL was lower than MAC.
Use of gene expression profile and mitotic index of metastatic melanoma lesions as an adjunct to TNM staging in predicting patient survival
Authors: D. Bogunovic, D. O'Neill, I. Belitskaya-Levy, V. Vacic, S. Adams, F. Darvishian, A. Pavlick, J. Zavadil, I. Osman, N. Bhardwaj
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

9014 Background: Although remission rates for metastatic melanoma are generally very poor, some patients can survive for prolonged periods following metastasis. We used gene expression profiling of metastatic lesions to search for a molecular basis for this observation, and to develop improved methods for predicting patient survival. Methods: We analyzed gene expression profiles of 44 metastatic melanoma specimens collected from 38 patients (median follow-up of 20 months after surgery). We used the False Discovery Rate (FDR) approach to identify genes significantly associated with post-recurrence survival. We then evaluated matching H&amp;E stained tissue samples for the presence of tumor-infiltrating leukocytes (TILs) and mitotic index, (MI). Support vector machines and multi-variable Cox regression analysis was used to examine the relative ability of the pre-validated gene expression predictor, TILs, MI and TNM staging to predict survival. Results: We identified a group of approximately 300 genes associated with survival. Genes associated with immune response (ICOS, CD3d, ZAP70, TRAT1, TARP, GZMK, LCK, CD2, CXCL13, CCL19, CCR7, VCAM1 etc.) or with cell proliferation (PDE4D, CDK2, GREF1, NUSAP1, SPC24 etc.) were highly represented .Prolonged survival was associated with the elevated expression of immune response genes and decreased expression of genes associated with proliferation. Furthermore, any of the three additional parameters (pre-validated gene expression signature, TILs or MI) improved the ability of TNM staging to predict post-recurrence survival; MI was the most significant contributor (HR = 2.65, p = 0.003) followed by the gene expression signature (HR = 2.71, p = 0.05). Conclusions: Gene expression profiling and MI of metastatic lesions can both be utilized to improve upon current staging of metastatic melanoma to predict patient survival. Gene expression signature and analysis of TILs indicate immune surveillance as a mechanism for prolonged survival in these patients. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 9040: Three-Dimensional Speckle Feature Tracking Evaluation of Regional Left Ventricular Strain and Detection of Simulated Infarct on 4D Echocardiographic Images: An Experimental Study
Authors: Meihua Zhu, Cole Streiff, Jill Panosian, Muhammad Ashraf, David J Sahn
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: Cardiac strain generated from 2D speckle-tracking is a clinical standard despite the complex 3D architecture of the left ventricle (LV). Artida 3D Wall Motion Tracking (3D-WMT) permits LV strain quantification in true 3D. We aimed to validate the circumferential and longitudinal strain (CS, LS) calculated by this 3D feature-tracking program against sonomicrometry (sono) at different stroke rates (SRs). Methods: Five freshly harvested pig hearts were pumped at 30-70 ml stroke volumes (SVs). Full-volume data was acquired via 4D echo at SRs of 45 beats per second (bps) and 90 bps for SVs 30 and 40 ml. Additional data was recorded before and after simulated myocardial infarction (MI) at all SVs. CS and LS were calculated for each SV and SR and graphed against sono data. Results: Both CS (R² = 0.798) and LS (R² = 0.828) have excellent linear agreement with sono data (All p&lt;0.001). Bland-Altman analyses demonstrate overestimation at both CS (7.809) and LS (5.451), with 96% of points within a 95% CI. After MI induction, CS and LS were significantly decreased, still with a good linear relationship with sono data (CS: R² = 0.7652, LS: R² = 0.8838) (p&lt;0.001); the overestimation was 6.098 (CS) and 7.384 (LS), 96% and 98% of points within 95% CI respectively. Low and high SRs were found to have no significant difference in terms of strain (p=0.142). Conclusion: Toshiba’s 3D-WMT program works to determine CS and LS from 4D volumes with values comparable to sonomicrometry. Different SRs have no significant impact on analysis.
Dose heterogeneity may not affect the neointimal proliferation after gamma radiation for in-stent restenosis
Authors: Akiko Maehara, Neil S Patel, Louis B Harrison, Neil J Weissman, Anh B Bui, Han-Soo Kim, Andrew E Ajani, Marco T Castagna, Taya L McMillan, Nathan Yang, Rosanna Chan, Julliana Pisch, Harry Quan, Sou-Tung Chiu-Tsao, Ron Waksman, Gary S Mintz
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Abstract 1064: Pellino-1: A Novel Candidate In Vegf/Flk-1/MKK2 Signaling In Ischemic Preconditioning Induced Cardioprotection: A Study Using Flk +/− and MKK2 −/− Knockout Mice.
Authors: Mahesh Thirunavukkarasu, Samson Mathews Samuel, Sankar Addya, Lijun Zhan, Chi-Kuang Huang, Matthias Gaestel, Venogopal P Menon, Nilanjana Maulik
Journal: Circulation (2007)

VEGF modulates the complex process of angiogenesis and other various aspects of endothelial cell function through either of its two tyrosine kinase receptors, VEGFR1/Flt-1 or VEGFR2/Flk1/ KDR via its target protein MKK2. In the present study we used Flk1 +/− and MKK2 −/− knockout mice in an attempt to address an important clinical issue by identifying potential downstream candidates of VEGF signaling through Flk1 receptor that trigger cardioprotective signal during ischemic preconditioning (IP). Mouse hearts were subjected to 30 min of global ischemia and 2 hours of reperfusion (IR) in the Isolated Working Heart model. It is known that IP (4min of ischemia + 6min reperfusion, 4 cycles, before 30 min of ischemia) induces cardioprotection through the activation of the VEGF signaling cascade. The mice were randomly divided into 6 groups for both the gene knockout (KO) studies: Wild Type-Baseline (WTBL), FlkBL/ MKK2BL (KOBL), WTIR , KOIR, WTIP and KOIP. Significant reduction in left ventricular functional recovery through out reperfusion (dp/dt = 605 vs 884), diminished coronary flow (1.9 vs 2.4) and aortic flow (0.16 vs 1.2) and increased infarct size (38.4% vs. 28.41%) after reperfusion were observed in FlkIR, compared to WTIR. As expected we observed disruption in IP induced cardioprotection in FlkIP compared to WTIP. Affymetrix gene chip analysis demonstrated significant downregulation of genes (Pellino-1, MKK2, NF-Î°B) which are thought to play important roles in cardioprotection after ischemic insults in the Flk +/− mice compared to WT. These results were further validated at the mRNA expression level with Real Time PCR. Pellino-1 (Pel-1) was found to be significantly downregulated in FlkBL (0.74 vs 1), FlkIR (1.29 vs 1.35) and FlkPC (1.35 vs 1.49) as compared to their respective controls. We further validated the mRNA levels of Pel-1using Real Time PCR and RT-PCR in the MKK2 −/− mice and found that it, remained unaffected in MKK2BL as compared to its WTBL, and increased as expected in MKK2PC as compared to both MKK2BL and FlkPC (2.48 vs 1.2 and 2.48 vs 1.35, respectively). Therefore this study validated for the first time that Pel-1 is a novel downstream mediator in VEGF/FLK1 signaling and it induces IP mediated cardioprotection via MKK2 signaling.
Diabetes: a time for excitement---and concern
Authors: T. Orchard
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Editorial p 693 Papers pp 703, 713, 720 

These are exciting, and exasperating, times for people interested in diabetes. On the one hand, a tremendous volume of research is underway assessing both new prevention and new treatment protocols; on the other, the incidence (and associated mortality and morbidity) of this disease continues to rise with little sign of abating. Indeed, by 2010 the world's diabetic population will probably have doubled from an estimated 110 million in 1994 to 221 million in 2010.1 What have we learnt recently about the epidemiology, causation, and prevention of this condition?

Prevalence varies widely by ethnic group and country (adult rates range from <2% in rural Bantu people in Tanzania to nearly 50% in US Pima Indians and South Pacific Naurauns1). Rates are also relatively high in “transplanted populations,” such as Asians in Europe2 and African Americans.3 The projected increase in rates, however, is universal. Though this rise is mainly due to type 2 diabetes, alarming increases in type 1 have also been observed in many studies. For example, a recent report from Allegheny County, USA, showed for the first time that rates for type 1 diabetes in adolescent African Americans now exceed those in whites.4 Whether this relates to an increasing incidence of type 2 diabetes among adolescents and young adults elsewhere is unclear, 5 6 as the distinction between type 1 and type 2 is often …
Abstract 3149: Greater Fluid Retention is Associated with Increased Cardiovascular Death Risk in 34,003 CKD Patients on Hemodialysis
Authors: Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh, Suphamai Bunnapradist, Deborah L Regidor, Elani Streja, Charles J McAllister, Tamara B Horwich, Gregg C Fonarow
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 5 who undergo hemodialysis (HD) treatment have striking similarities to heart failure (HF) patients, in that both populations retain fluid frequently, have excessively high mortality, and exhibit an obesity paradox. We hypothesized that in HD patients greater interdialytic fluid retention is associated with poor cardiovascular (CV) survival. Methods: We examined the 2-year (7/2001– 6/2003) CV mortality in 34,003 HD patients across the United States, who had an averaged weight gain of at least 0.5 kg above their end-dialysis dry weight by the time the subsequent HD treatment started. The 3-month averaged interdialytic weight gain was divided into 8 categories of 0.5 kg increments (up to &gt;= 4.0 kg). Results : In unadjusted analyses, higher weight gains were associated with better nutritional status (higher protein intake, serum albumin and body mass index) and tended to be linked to greater survival. However after multivariate adjustment for demographics (case-mix) and also surrogates of malnutrition-inflammation-cachexia syndrome (MICS), higher weight gain increments were associated with increased CV death risk. [Figure ] Conclusions: In HD patients greater fluid retention between two subsequent HD treatment sessions is associated with higher CV death risk. The mechanisms by which fluid retention influences survival in HD may be similar to HF patients and warrants further research.
The Worst of Evils: The Fight Against Pain
Authors: Mathew Zacharias
Journal: BMJ (2006)

M ilton thought pain was a perfect misery and the worst of all evils. But Thomas Dormandy has shown us that humans have taken bold and positive steps to remove this evil and misery. In his historical account of the pursuit and conquest of pain the author has explored ancient mythology, literature, philosophy, music, painting, opera, war, famine, disease, and heroism, moving between science, literature, and history of the ancient and new worlds with consummate ease. As someone with limited linguistic and literary skills I found the book somewhat overwhelming but fascinating nevertheless.

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Thomas Dormandy

Yale University Press, £19.99/$35, pp 560 ISBN 0 300 11322 6 http://www.yalebooks.co.uk/

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In mythical and ancient times pain was considered a gift of gods; so were the remedies of the time: wine and the poppy. Faith was the basis of everything, including the “painless” deaths of countless martyrs. A multiplicity of saints flourished to help deal with ailments; an example was St Fiacre, whose merciful intervention was sought to relieve irritation around the anus. The …

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372. Targeted Mutagenesis of Ubiquitin-Binding Lysine Residues on the Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV)2 Capsid Improves Its Transduction Efficiency
Authors: Nishanth Gabriel, Ramya Duraiswamy, Rupali A Gadkari, Sudha Govindarajan, Banumathi Ramakrishna, Arun Srivastava, N Srinivasan, Alok Srivastava, Giridhara Rao Jayandharan
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2012)