tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P153: Curcuma and Curcumin in Experimental Cardiac Arrest in Rats
Authors: Felix Heiser, Peter Teschendorf, Erik Popp, Nicolai Russ, Bernd Bottiger, Konstanze Plaschke
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Purpose of the study: Due to positive effects of curcuma and curcumin in models of focal cerebral ischemia and neurodegenerative diseases, we investigated their effects on the neurological outcome in our model of cardiac arrest (CA) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in rats.  Materials and methods: After approval of the animal care committee, 76 male wistar rats were subjected to a 6 min CA. The animals were assigned to the following 4 groups:  placebo (n=12),  Curcumin intraperitoneal (300 mg/kg, 5 min after restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC); n=12),  Curcumin (feeding for 28 d before CA, 2g/kg/d; n=14)  Curcuma (feeding for 28 d before CA, 2g/kg/d; n=11).  Sham operated animals served as non ischemic controls (n=12). All animals were kept normothermic for the first 24 h after ROSC. The neurological outcome was examined using the Morris-water-maze-test (MWM) for 7 days before CA and on 3d and 7d post ROSC. Inflammatory response was analysed before CA and 6h after ROSC using ELISA testing for IL-1, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF. After 7 days the neuronal damage in the hippocampal CA-1 sector was assessed using TUNEL- and Cresylviolet-staining.  Results: At 3d after ROSC all animals showed a significant neurological deficit when compared to pre-CA (p≤0.01). All treatment groups, but not the placebo group (p=0,012 7d after ROSC vs. pre-CA values), reached the pre-CA performance on 7d after ROSC in the MWM. In between the groups no significant difference could be shown. Neither in the histology nor in the ELISA testing significant differences were observed between the groups.  Conclusions: Applying the MWM in this model of global cerebral ischemia after CA, a significant neurological deficit is evident 7d after CA in the placebo group but not in the treatment groups indicating a better recovery in these groups. However no significant effect of the treatment is evident when using intergroup comparison. Despite recent studies, showing clear beneficial effects on the neurological outcome in models of focal cerebral ischemia, no benefit for the neurological outcome after global cerebral ischemia could be achieved from the application of Curcumin or Curcuma.
Endoscopic Treatment Outcomes in Watermelon Stomach Patients with and without Portal Hypertension
Authors: G S Dulai, D M Jensen, T O G Kovacs, I M Gralnek, R Jutabha
Journal: Endoscopy (2004)

Background and Study Aims: Watermelon stomach is a source of recurrent gastrointestinal hemorrhage and anemia. The aims of this study were to describe the endoscopic appearance and treatment outcomes in watermelon stomach patients with and without portal hypertension. Patients and Methods: All patients with watermelon stomach enrolled in a hemostasis research group's prospective studies from 1991 to 1999 were identified. Investigators collected data using standardized forms. Comparisons were made using the chi-squared test, Wilcoxon rank-sum test, and Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: Twenty-six of 744 (4 %) consecutively enrolled patients with nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage had watermelon stomach as the cause. Eight of these 26 patients (31 %) also had portal hypertension. These patients had diffuse antral angiomas, as opposed to the classic linear arrays seen in those without portal hypertension. The demographic data and clinical presentations of the two groups were otherwise similar. Palliative endoscopic treatment was associated with a significant rise in hematocrit and a decrease in the need for blood transfusion or hospitalization in watermelon stomach patients with and without portal hypertension. Conclusions: Watermelon stomach patients with and without portal hypertension had similar clinical presentations. The endoscopic findings differed in that those with portal hypertension had more diffuse gastric angiomas. Bleeding was effectively palliated by endoscopic treatment, regardless of the presence of portal hypertension.
Abstract 18135: Angiogenesis during Embryonic Development is Dependent on Blood Flow in Zebrafish
Authors: Xiang Xie, Gui-xue Wang, Ju Tan, Chao-jun Tang, Ju-hui Qiu, Ling-fei Luo
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Introduction: Embryonic vascular system development is directed or modulated by genetic and epigenetic factors. The latter includes blood flow-induced shear stress and blood pressure-induced circum...
Abstract 14864: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Mortality Among U.S. Army Veterans
Authors: Naser Ahmadi, Fereshteh Hajsadeghi, Hormoz B Mirshkarlo, Rachel Yehuda, Ramin Ebrahimi
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Posttraumatic stress disorder PTSD) has been associated with increased risk of multiple medical problems. This study investigates the mortality incidence of subjects with and without PTSD. Methods: The study population consisted of 286,194 Veterans (age 63±18 years, 85.1% male). Electronic medical records were used to assess diagnoses and outcomes. Psychological health status (PTSD vs. Non-PTSD) was assessed. 637 subjects underwent coronary artery calcium (CAC) scanning. All-cause mortality was defined as hard end point. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were developed to predict all-cause mortality Results: The prevalence of PTSD was 10.6% (30,460). During a mean follow-up of 116±24 months, the death rate was 13.2% in the overall population. The prevalence of PTSD in patients with and without hard end point was 28.9% and 8.1%, respectively. Risk-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of all-cause mortality was 2.41 (95%CI 2.11-2.73, p=0.0001) for PTSD as compared to Non-PTSD cohort, and event...
2009 George E. Brown Memorial Lecture—Marfan Syndrome and Related Disorders: From Molecules to Medicines
Authors: Harold C. Dietz
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Our lab studies molecular determinants of vessel wall homeostasis, with particular emphasis on molecules and pathways that contribute to aortic aneurysm. The study of Marfan syndrome (MFS), an autosomal dominant condition with a strong predisposition for aortic root aneurysm and dissection, has provided a tractable means to gain a foothold in the pathogenesis of this complex phenotype. Our initial studies demonstrated that MFS is caused by mutations in the extracellular matrix protein fibrillin-1. Early pathogenetic models that singularly invoked inherent weakness of the tissues as the driving force in disease progression boded poorly for the development of productive treatment strategies and failed to reconcile multiple disease manifestations, including bone overgrowth, myxomatous valve changes, and muscle and fat hypoplasia. Using mouse models of MFS, we demonstrated that fibrillin-1 is not simply a structural protein but rather regulates the local bioavailability and activation of the growth factor transforming growth factor (TGF) β . Many important manifestations of MFS, including emphysema, valve degeneration, myopathy, and aortic aneurysm, could be attenuated or prevented in fibrillin-1–deficient mice upon systemic administration of TGF β antagonists. Similar protection was achieved through the use of the angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker (ARB) losartan, which lowers both blood pressure and TGF β signaling and is in widespread clinical use for the treatment of hypertension. These observations led to the first clinical trial for MFS that is based upon a refined mechanistic understanding of disease. We now have performed comprehensive interrogation of a modifier network in mouse models of MFS. These data reveal parsing of the angiotensin II signaling cascades in the pathogenesis and prevention of aortic aneurysm. Signaling through the type 2 (AT2) receptor is protective, whereas loss of AT2 signaling accelerates disease and attenuates the protection afforded by ARBs, suggesting that losartan provides protection, at least in part, through shunting of angiotensin II signaling through AT2. We also demonstrate a predominant role of noncanonical TGF β signaling in the pathogenesis of ascending aortic aneurysm and show that the mechanism of AT2-mediated protection derives from cross-talk with this pathway. Taken together, these data explain why ARBs markedly outperform angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in our mouse model of MFS. They also define noncanonical TGF β and AT2 signaling as prognostic and therapeutic modifiers of vascular disease and provide rationale and incentive for additional clinical trials in MFS and related disorders.
Localization of Atrial Fibrillation Triggers in Patients Undergoing Pulmonary Vein Isolation
Authors: Ermengol Valles, Roger Fan, Jean François Roux, Christopher F. Liu, John D. Harding, Sandhya Dhruvakumar, Mathew D. Hutchinson, Michael Riley, Rupa Bala, Fermin C. Garcia, David Lin, Sanjay Dixit, David J. Callans, Edward P. Gerstenfeld, Francis E. Marchlinski
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2008)
Abstract 2305: Determinants of Outcomes Following Mitral Valve Surgery in Patients with Severe Organic Mitral Regurgitation and No or Mild Symptoms
Authors: Julien Magne, Patrick Mathieu, François Dagenais, Eric Charbonneau, Jean G Dumesnil, Philippe Pibarot
Journal: Circulation (2008)

The optimal timing of mitral valve surgery in patients with severe organic mitral regurgitation (OMR) and no or mild symptoms is highly controversial. The aim of this study was thus to determine the preoperative predictors of mortality following mitral valve surgery in patients with severe OMR and no or mild symptoms. Preoperative and operative data of 324 patients (65% of male, mean age: 65±13 years) with severe OMR and no/mild symptoms (NYHA class I and II) who underwent mitral valve surgery between 1992 and 2007 were prospectively collected in a computerized database. Mitral valve repair (MVRp) was performed in 132 (41%) and mitral valve replacement (MVR) in 187 (59%) patients. Operative mortality was low for both procedures (whole cohort: n=9, 2.7%; MVRp: n=2, 1.5%; MVR: n=7, 3.7%; p=0.34) but was significantly higher in the patients (n=167, 56%) with impaired preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (&lt;60%) (5.3% vs. 1.2%, p=0.04). Long-term survival was 93±2% at 5 years and 87±3% at 10 years. Patients with LVEF&lt;60% had significantly reduced long-term survival compared to patients with normal LVEF (5-year: 89±4% vs. 95±5%, 10-year: 80±6% vs. 88±4%, p=0.049). Multivariate analysis identified age (Hazard-ratio [HR]= 1.03, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1–1.08, p=0.02), heart failure (HR= 1.9, 95%CI: 1.3–3, p= 0.0018), and LVEF (HR= 1.04, 95%CI: 1.01–1.07, p=0.0253) as independent predictors of long-term mortality. Furthermore, MVR was not associated with worse long-term survival on both univariate (p=0.83) and multivariate (p=0.98) analysis. Performing mitral valve surgery is safe in patients with severe OMR and no or mild symptoms. Impaired LVEF is associated with increased short- and long-term mortality, suggesting that these patients should be promptly operated before the onset of LV dysfunction.
The Complex Nature of Discordant Severe Calcified Aortic Valve Disease Grading
Authors: Marie-Annick Clavel, David Messika-Zeitoun, Philippe Pibarot, Shivani R. Aggarwal, Joseph Malouf, Phillip A. Araoz, Hector I. Michelena, Caroline Cueff, Eric Larose, Romain Capoulade, Alec Vahanian, Maurice Enriquez-Sarano
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
INFLUENCE OF TYMS GENE EXPRESSION AND GENOTYPE ON THE CLINICAL OUTCOME OF COLORECTAL CANCER PATIENTS TREATED WITH 5-FLUOROURACIL
Authors: M Vignoli, S Nobili, C Napoli, A Putignano, M Morganti, L Papi, R Valanzano, F Cianchi, F Tonelli, T Mazzei, Maurizio Genuardi, E Mini
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2009)
Long stay care and the NHS
Authors: W R Primrose, B A Hamilton, K T Muir, G. Brown, D. Burke, H. Watson, L. de Caestecker, J. Womersley
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Carriage of meningococci in contacts of patients with meningococcal disease"Kissing contacts" need to be defined Editor-In their study Kristiansen et al show high carriage rates of pathogenic strains of Neisseria menigitidis in household and kissing contacts of patients with invasive meningococcal disease. 1 While it is easy to define a household contact it may be more difficult to define a kissing contact.There are many types of kiss, ranging from a "peck on the cheek" to much more!In some cultures kissing is as common as shaking hands.In such situations widespread chemoprophylaxis to "kissing contacts" may not be appropriate.It would be valuable to know whether Kristiansen et al placed any restrictions on who was defined as a kissing contact.
The ‘2012 European guideline on the diagnosis and treatment of gonorrhoea in adults’ recommends dual antimicrobial therapy
Authors: M Unemo, collective on behalf of the European STI Guidelines Editorial Board
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2012)

Preview this article: The '2012 European guideline on the diagnosis and treatment of gonorrhoea in adults' recommends dual antimicrobial therapy, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/eurosurveillance/17/47/art20323-en-1.gif
Abstract 654: Ventricular Arrhythmia Following Alcohol Septal Ablation for Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy: Clinical Predictors of Events
Authors: Peter A Noseworthy, Michael Rosenberg, Jeremy N Ruskin, Igor F Palacios, Theofanie Mela, Michael A Fifer, Saumya Das
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Alcohol septal ablation (ASA) is a non-surgical alternative to septal myectomy for treatment of symptomatic, drug refractory hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM). The effect of ASA on the risk of ventricular arrhythmia (VA) is unknown. There is a theoretic concern for pro-arrhythmia at the site of myocardial injury. We examined the rates of sudden cardiac death (SCD) and VA (defined as VA requiring ICD therapy or documented VT/VF) among all 88 patients treated with ASA at Massachusetts General Hospital between 1998 and 2004. Of these patients, 37 had either an ICD or a permanent pacemaker in situ that enabled surveillance for VA events. Patients were classified as either high-risk (one of the following: VA or positive EP study, syncope due to suspected VA, family history of SCD, septal thickness ≥30mm by echocardiography, or failure to augment sBP &gt;20mmHg on stress testing), or low-risk (no high-risk features). There was no mortality attributable to sudden cardiac death (mean follow up 35±21mo). The event rate for VA in low-risk patients was 3.0% per year (2/18 patients), and 6.3% annually among high-risk patients (4/16 patients). Device data were not available on three patients. In a stepwise Cox proportional hazards multivariate analysis that included pre-ASA arrhythmia, peri-ASA arrhythmia, pre-ASA gradient, change in gradient after ASA, peak CK-MB, and post-ASA gradient, only post-ASA gradient predicted future VA (HR 1.06, 95% CI 1.03–1.10, p &lt;0.001). In this single center experience, ASA was not associated with SCD or with high rates of VA. The post-ASA gradient correlates with the risk of ventricular arrhythmia after ASA.
Abstract 1445: The Association of Hemoglobin A1c With Incident Heart Failure Among Persons Without Diabetes: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
Authors: Kunihiro Matsushita, Antonio Pazin Filho, Alain Bertoni, Patricia P Chang, Josef Coresh, Elizabeth Selvin
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Introduction: While observational studies have reported that elevated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels are associated with incident heart failure (HF) in patients with diabetes mellitus, little is kno...
Influence of Genetic Polymorphisms on the Effect of High- and Standard-Dose Clopidogrel After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Matthew J. Price, Sarah S. Murray, Dominick J. Angiolillo, Elizabeth Lillie, Erin N. Smith, Rebecca L. Tisch, Nicholas J. Schork, Paul S. Teirstein, Eric J. Topol
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)

This study sought to evaluate the influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on the pharmacodynamic effect of high- or standard-dose clopidogrel after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). There is a lack of prospective, multicenter data regarding the effect of different genetic variants on clopidogrel pharmacodynamics over time in patients undergoing PCI. The GRAVITAS (Gauging Responsiveness with A VerifyNow assay–Impact on Thrombosis And Safety) trial screened patients with platelet function testing after PCI and randomly assigned those with high on-treatment reactivity (OTR) to either high- or standard-dose clopidogrel; a cohort of patients without high OTR were also followed. DNA samples obtained from 1,028 patients were genotyped for 41 SNPs in 17 genes related to platelet reactivity. After adjusting for clinical characteristics, the associations between the SNPs and OTR using linear regression were evaluated. CYP2C19*2 was significantly associated with OTR at 12 to 24 h (R2 = 0.07, p = 2.2 × 10−15), 30 days (R2 = 0.10, p = 1.3 × 10−7), and 6 months after PCI (R2 = 0.07, p = 1.9 × 10−11), whereas PON1, ABCB1 3435 C→T, and other candidate SNPs were not. Carriers of 1 and 2 reduced-function CYP2C19 alleles were significantly more likely to display persistently high OTR at 30 days and 6 months, irrespective of treatment assignment. The portion of the risk of persistently high OTR at 30 days attributable to reduced-function CYP2C19 allele carriage was 5.2% in the patients randomly assigned to high-dose clopidogrel. CYP2C19, but not PON1 or ABCB1, is a significant determinant of the pharmacodynamic effects of clopidogrel, both early and late after PCI. In patients with high OTR identified by platelet function testing, the CYP2C19 genotype provides limited incremental information regarding the risk of persistently high reactivity with clopidogrel 150-mg maintenance dosing. (Genotype Information and Functional Testing Study [GIFT]; NCT00992420)
Abstract 3270: Diabetes Mellitus is Associated With Impairment of Myocardial Relaxation and Accumulation of Collagen in Patients With Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Masaki Sakakibara, Akihiro Hirashiki, Kei Ohshima, Takahiro Okumura, Hidehito Funahashi, Satoru Ohshima, Akiko Noda, Xian W Cheng, Hideo Izawa, Mitsuhiro Yokota, Toyoaki Murohara
Journal: Circulation (2009)
Intravascular ultrasound evaluation of coronary plaque regression by low density lipoprotein-apheresis in familial hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Masunori Matsuzaki, Katsuhiko Hiramori, Tsutomu Imaizumi, Akira Kitabatake, Hitoshi Hishida, Masanori Nomura, Takashi Fujii, Ichiro Sakuma, Kenichi Fukami, Takashi Honda, Hiroshi Ogawa, Masakazu Yamagishi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Natural history of impetigo
Authors: Patricia Ferrieri, Adnan S. Dajani, Lewis W. Wannamaker, S. Stephen Chapman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1972)

The appearance on and spread of Group A streptococci among different body sites in relationship to the development of impetigo were studied prospectively in 31 children in five families. During July and August 1969 intensive clinical, bacteriological, and serological observations were made, including cultures taken at least every other day. In individual children, site sequence of spread of Group A streptococci was from normal skin to lesions and finally to respiratory tract. Streptococci were recovered from normal skin before development of lesions (mean interval of 10 days) in 74% of episodes. Recovery of streptococci from nose and throat followed (by means of 14 and 20 days, respectively) skin acquisition of streptococci (97% of episodes) and lesions (74% of episodes).Distribution of positive normal skin sites among wrist, ankle, and back was similar (28-37%) although 62% of lesions were on the legs. Recovery of a serotype from normal skin was associated with a high risk (76%) of subsequent development of lesions due to that type. New streptococcal serotypes usually entered a family during the peak or decline of a preceding serotoype with a tendency of one to predominate. Among family members the mean interval from index to secondary skin acquisition of streptococci was 4.8 days, but 21 days elapsed from first appearance to last acquisition of skin disease. In the population as a whole, streptococci were recovered in high frequency from normal skin before the increase in prevalence of lesions and also later in the fall when cutaneous infections were absent.
Abstract 394: Posttranslational Modification Of Klf5 Mediates Metabolic Dysfunction And Vascular Disease In Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Yumiko Oishi, Ichiro Manabe, Kazuyuki Tobe, Takashi Kadowaki, Ryozo Nagai
Journal: Circulation (2007)

We have previously shown that a zinc finger transcription factor, Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5), plays an important role in pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis. KLF5 heterozygous knockout ( KLF5 +/ − ) mice exhibited much less neointima formation, cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. We also found that expression of KLF5 correlated with a higher incidence of restenosis following PCI and the SNP located within the KLF5 promoter was associated with an increased risk of hypertension in man. Interestingly, KLF5 is also expressed in metabolic tissues such as adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and pancreatic β-cells. Thus, we hypothesized that KLF5 might play a role in metabolic diseases. To test this, KLF5 +/ − mice were fed with high-fat diet. Although KLF5 +/ − mice ate more food than wild-type littermates, they were resistant to high-fat diet-induced obesity and protected from dyslipidemia, glucose intolerance and hepatic steatosis, indicating that KLF5 + /− mice were less susceptible to metabolic syndrome. The systemic O 2 consumption and expression of genes involved in energy expenditure in skeletal muscle were increased in KLF5 + /− mice, demonstrating enhanced energy expenditure, which partly explains the phenotype. Knocking down KLF5 by siRNA increased expression levels of UCP2/3 and CPT-1b in C2C12 myotubes, suggesting that KLF5 may inhibit energy expenditure-related genes. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and coimmunoprecipitation assays showed that KLF5 interacted with corepressors, such as SMRT and NCoR, and strongly inhibited the UCP and CPT-1b promoters. We found that this inhibitory activity of KLF5 depended on its SUMOylation. When KLF5 was deSUMOylated, it activated the promoters. These data demonstrate that KLF5 acts as a molecular switch for energy expenditure and the posttranslational modifications of KLF5 including SUMOylation turns on/off the switch function of KLF5. Given that KLF5 also controls tissue remodeling in response to external stress, KLF5 may mediate metabolic dysfunction and atherosclerosis in metabolic syndrome. Our findings also suggest that the posttranscriptional modification of KLF5 is an attractive novel therapeutic target.
Abstract P136: Mechanical Chest Compressions Improve Short-term Outcome in Patients Requiring CPR During Transport
Authors: Don Lundy, William McGeorge, Annemarie Silver
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Introduction: Chest compression (CC) quality is compromised during patient transport due to the difficulty of performing CC in a moving ambulance. Mechanical CC devices can be utilized to improve CC quality during transport; however, it is presently unclear whether cardiac arrest patient outcome is improved with use of mechanical CC devices during transport. We tested the hypothesis that use of a mechanical CC device would lead to improved resuscitation success for cardiac arrest patients during transport. Methods: The records of 617 consecutive non-traumatic cardiac arrest patients treated and transported by Charleston County EMS between January 2004 and January 2007 were reviewed to identify patients that were transported with ongoing CPR. A total of 509 patients met the criteria of not achieving return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) at the scene and of being transported with ongoing CPR. During the study period, the agency gradually equipped its ambulances mechanical chest compression devices (AutoP...