tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Remarks on Chronic Infections
Authors: Allen K. Krause
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1930)

Article1 November 1930Remarks on Chronic InfectionsALLEN K. KRAUSEALLEN K. KRAUSESearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-4-5-455 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe time-limits set for the presentation of this address have led the author to restrict his attention to a particular type or group of chronic infectious processes rather than to attempt a synoptic discussion of certain broad features, mainly etiological, of chronic infections in general, the purpose that inspired the original title of his paper.This particular group of chronic infections involves the lungs. It represents processes that are essentially focal, that is, localized. Its etiology is dubious, save that this is certainly non-tuberculous and its pathology, for months, years and even decades, may be no less dubious. Its consequences... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The Desert Sanatorium Tucson, Arizona*Read at the fourteenth annual Clinical Session of the American College of Physicians, Minneapolis, Minnesota, February 14, 1930. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1930Volume 4, Issue 5Page: 455-461KeywordsEtiologyLungs ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 November 1930 PDF downloadLoading ...
Study shows which children are most at risk of cerebral oedema
Authors: David Spurgeon
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Giving bicarbonate to children in diabetic crisis seems to increase the risk of cerebral oedema, which can be fatal, a study in the New England Journal of Medicine has reported (2001;344:264-9). It should therefore be avoided in most cases, it added.

The study identified two simple blood test measurements that can help to predict which patients are in serious danger of developing cerebral oedema. It is the largest and most statistically rigorous examination of risk factors for the condition in children with diabetic ketoacidosis, involving a review of the medical charts of 6977 children admitted to hospital over 15 years at 10 medical centres. About a fifth of children in diabetic crisis in the United States were given bicarbonate between 1995 and 1997.

Nathan Kuppermann, an author of the report and a paediatric emergency physician and associate professor of internal medicine at the University of California in Davis, said that bicarbonate had been suspected of increasing the risk of cerebral oedema. “But ours is the first study to show that it can. I imagine doctors in emergency departments and paediatric intensive care units will put this knowledge into effect immediately.”
Abstract 8890: Artificial Baroreceptor Fully Antagonizes Baroreflex Failure Induced Volume Intolerance
Authors: Kazuya Hosokawa, Kouta Funakoshi, Takafumi Sakamoto, Ken Onitsuka, Kazuo Sakamoto, Tomoyuki Tobushi, Fujino Takeo, Keita Saku, Yoshinori Murayama, Tomomi Ide, Kenji Sunagawa
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Backgrounds: Patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction have severe atherosclerosis and thereby baroreflex failure resulting from stiffened baroreceptors. We demonstrated that baroreflex failure induces striking volume intolerance and predisposes to pulmonary edema irrespective of left ventricular (LV) function. At present, however, there is no treatment for baroreceptor failure. The aim of this study is to develop artificial baroreceptor (ABaro) to restore physiological volume buffering function. Methods: We vascularily isolated the baroreceptor regions in 14 Sprague-Dawley rats. The intra-carotid sinus pressure (CSP) was controlled by a servo-controlled pump. We randomly perturbed CSP and identified the transfer function from CSP to arterial pressure (AP). We randomly, electrically stimulated aortic depressor nerves (ADN) and identified the transfer function from ADN stimulation to AP. Taking the ratio of those two transfer functions yielded the transfer function (H ABS ) required for the ABaro. ABaro translates AP real-time to ADN stimulation according to H ABS . We implemented ABaro and observed the left atrial pressure (LAP) response against stepwise infusions of dextran (Fig. 1). ABaro fully restored the physiological LAP-infused volume relationship (Fig. 2) and markedly increased the infused volume required to raise LAP to 20 mmHg (native: 20.1±3.2, baroreflex failure: 16.6±4.4, ml/kg ABaro: 21.0±3.0 ml/kg). Conclusion: ABaro reinstitutes the native baroreflex and would be an attractive tool in preventing pulmonary edema in patients with poor baroreceptor function irrespective of LV systolic function.
Post–Cardiac Arrest Syndrome
Authors: Robert W. Neumar, Jerry P. Nolan, Christophe Adrie, Mayuki Aibiki, Robert A. Berg, Bernd W. Böttiger, Clifton Callaway, Robert S.B. Clark, Romergryko G. Geocadin, Edward C. Jauch, Karl B. Kern, Ivan Laurent, W.T. Longstreth, Raina M. Merchant, Peter Morley, Laurie J. Morrison, Vinay Nadkarni, Mary Ann Peberdy, Emanuel P. Rivers, Antonio Rodriguez-Nunez, Frank W. Sellke, Christian Spaulding, Kjetil Sunde, Terry Vanden Hoek
Journal: Circulation (2008)

The American Heart Association makes every effort to avoid any actual or potential conflicts of interest that may arise as a result of an outside relationship or a personal
ACUTE OCCLUSIONS OF THE PERIPHERAL ARTERIES; CLINICAL ANALYSIS AND TREATMENT
Authors: Gamliel Saland
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1941)

Article1 May 1941ACUTE OCCLUSIONS OF THE PERIPHERAL ARTERIES; CLINICAL ANALYSIS AND TREATMENTGAMLIEL SALAND, M.D.GAMLIEL SALAND, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-14-11-2027 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptNo more dramatic episode exists in medicine, than the sudden onset of an arterial occlusion. In fact, the onset is so characteristic that the condition is seldom overlooked. Unfortunately, however, the proper therapy is often too long delayed.I am therefore presenting an analysis of 31 cases†of acute closure of the peripheral arteries to call attention to certain clinical features that require emphasis, and to show that extremities can be saved when proper conservative measures are instituted. I shall also attempt to show that the loss of life in individuals who are properly treated is not due to the...References1. SALANDKLEINZURROW GCH: The thermal reflex vasodilatation test in peripheral vascular disease, Am. Heart Jr., 1939, xvii, 581-584. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. HERRMANNREID LGMR: The pavaex (passive vascular exercise) treatment of obliterative arterial diseases of the extremities, Jr. Med., 1933, xiv, 524. Google Scholar3. LANDISGIBBON EMJH: The effects of alternate suction and pressure on blood flow to the lower extremities, Jr. Clin. Invest, 1933, xii, 925. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. LINTON RR: Acute peripheral arterial occlusion and its treatment, New Eng. Jr. Med., 1937, ccxvi, 871. CrossrefGoogle Scholar5. LUND CC: The treatment of embolism of the greater arteries, Ann. Surg., 1937, cvi, 5. Google Scholar6. COOKBROWN ENGE: The vasodilating effects of ethyl alcohol on the peripheral arteries, Proc. Staff Meet. Mayo Clin., 1932, vii, 31. Google Scholar7. DE TAKATS G: The use of papaverine in acute arterial occlusions, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1936, cvi, 1003. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New York, N. Y.*Received for publication January 2, 1940.†Twenty-seven patients are from the private and ward services of the Bronx Hospital and four are from the author's private practice, outside the hospital. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byKrankheiten der GefäßeSystemic arterial embolism in rheumatic heart diseaseAcute arterial thromboses involving major vesselsPeripheral arterial embolism 1 May 1941Volume 14, Issue 11Page: 2027-2036KeywordsArteriesMedical staff ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1941 PDF downloadLoading ...
THE PROBLEMS OF THE INTERNIST IN THE NAVY
Authors: R. E. Duncan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1943)

Article1 June 1943THE PROBLEMS OF THE INTERNIST IN THE NAVYR. E. DUNCAN, F.A.C.P.R. E. DUNCAN, F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-18-6-920 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptMost of the problems which are to be discussed will seem commonplace and in civil practice they would probably be routine matters. However, when considered in the light of the requirements of strenuous and arduous military duties, they present additional issues for the consideration and decision of the internist.In general, the problems of the naval internist fall into three main categories. First, those concerned with the proper physical selection of personnel, or the elimination of applicants for the service showing physical defects which are of present or may be of future significance. Secondly, the maintenance of physical fitness among... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: (MC) U.S.N. Bethesda, Maryland*Presented before the Regional Meeting of the American College of Physicians, Chicago, Ill., November 21, 1942. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 June 1943Volume 18, Issue 6Page: 920-925KeywordsArmed forcesFallsForecastingPhysical fitness ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1943 PDF downloadLoading ...
Lymphogranuloma Venereum Targeted
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Differentiated tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells embedded in Matrigel restore parathyroid cell functions in rats with parathyroidectomy
Authors: Yoon Shin Park, Han Su Kim, Yoon Mi Jin, Yeonsil Yu, Ha Yeong Kim, Hae Sang Park, Sung-Chul Jung, Ki-Hwan Han, Yoon Jeong Park, Kyung-Ha Ryu, Inho Jo
Journal: Biomaterials (2015)
Differential expression of the orphan G-protein coupled receptor GPCR5A in human cancers and its induction by retinoic acid and fenretinide
Authors: Qingguo Tao, Xiaofeng Ye, Yijun Cheng, Ludovic Lacroix, Li Mao, Dafna Lotan, Reuben Lotan
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

2519   GPCR5A was identified as a retinoic acid (RA) inducible gene with homology to type 3 G-protein coupled receptor family. It is expressed primarily in normal lung epithelial tissue, but low levels were also detected in other epithelial tissues. Because RA has shown activity as chemopreventive and therapeutic agent, we speculated that GPCR5A acts as a mediator of some of these effects. To further explore the role of GPCR5A in cancer development, we analyzed its expression in 75 human cancer cell lines including: 13 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), 6 head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, 12 breast carcinoma, 4 prostatic carcinoma, 2 melanomas, 3 cervical carcinoma, 10 teratocarcinoma, 17 colon carcinoma, 3 gastric carcinoma, 2 glioblastoma, and 3 bladder carcinomas and its induction by RA and fenretinide (4HPR) in most of these cell lines using northern blotting. The constitutive expression of GPCR5A varied greatly among those cell lines; 18 of 75 (24%) cancer cell lines had undetectable levels, 26/75 (35%) exhibited a low expression, 13/75 (17%) had moderate, and 18/75 (24%) had high expression relative to GAPDH. When treated with RA and /or 4HPR, most cell lines with undetectable to moderate expression showed induction or further increase of GPCR5A. In contrast, all cell lines with high expression didn’t show any changes. The constitutive expression of GPCR5A in 10 of 14 (71%) human lung and head neck cancer cell lines was undetectable to moderate but could be induced by RA and/or 4HPR. Further analyses of RNA isolated from paired human normal and malignant lung tissues from 18 NSCLC patients demonstrated that 11/18 (61%) cases had a lower level of GPCR5A mRNA in the tumor relative to the normal, 2/18 (11%) pairs had higher level of GPCR5A in tumor relative to normal, one case had similar levels in tumor and normal and in 4 cases GPCR5A was undetectable. These results indicate that a considerable proportion of human NSCLC has decreased level of GPCR5A. In silico analysis of published data on gene expression in a large collection of human lung tissues, including 17 adjacent normal lung tissues, 139 adenocarcinomas, 21 squamous cell carcinomas, 6 small cell lung cancers, and 20 carcinoid tumors revealed that GPCR5A expression was significantly lower in all types of lung cancer compared with normal lung tissues. In conclusion, the constitutive expression of GPCR5A was low in the majority of human cancer cell lines and could be induced by RA and/or 4HPR in many of these cells. Furthermore, the expression of GPCR5A appears to be low in the majority of human lung cancer tissues than in adjacent normal tissues, supporting a possible role of GPCR5A as tumor suppressor as demonstrated previously in a knockout mouse model. Supported by the Samuel Waxman Cancer Research Foundation.
Sirolimus and Everolimus Induce Endothelial Cellular Senescence Via Sirtuin 1 Down-Regulation
Authors: Hidetaka Ota, Masato Eto, Junya Ako, Sumito Ogawa, Katsuya Iijima, Masahiro Akishita, Yasuyoshi Ouchi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2009)
Abstract 4185: Does Combined Stress, Delayed Enhancement, and Functional Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging Yield Incremental Prognostic Value and Risk Stratification?
Authors: Scott Bingham, Rory Hachamovitch
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background. Evaluation of the intermediate risk patient (Pt) using combined cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) assessment of adenosine stress perfusion (STRESS), myocardial delayed enhancement viability (MDE), and ventricular wall motion imaging (WM) is a promising clinical approach. Whether this technique yields risk stratification and incremental prognostic value over pre-CMR data is uncertain. Methods. We identified 1,002 consecutive patients [Age 64±14, 58% male, 50% prior coronary artery disease (CAD)] undergoing combined CMR for suspicion of CAD or ischemia. STRESS first-pass gadolinium gradient echo pulse sequence, MDE, and steady state free precession WM were interpreted using 17-segment, 5 point scoring. Summed scores (SS) were calculated for each. The primary endpoint was all-cause death (ACD), the secondary endpoint cardiac death (CD). Incremental prognostic value was defined as an increased Cox proportional hazards model (CPH) global chi-square with the addition of CMR data after adjustment for clinical and historical data. Results: Follow-up (FU) at 2.6±1.2 years after CMR (2.4% lost to FU) identified 78 ACD (8.0%) and 38 CD (3.9%). Compared to pts with normal stress CMR (STRESS, MDE, and WM all normal), pts with abnormal results had greater ACD rates over FU (5.9% vs 11%, p=0.006). After adjusting for the most predictive pre-CMR data (dyspnea, rest heart rate, age, and known renal disease; global chi-square 55, p&lt;0.001), the addition of SS from STRESS, MDE, or WM added incremental value for prediction of ACD (chi-squares: 66, 64, 67; all p&lt;0.001, respectively). After adjusting for pre-CMR data and WM SS, only MDE SS added further (chi-square 71, p&lt;0.001); STRESS SS did not add to WM SS (p=0.17). CPH predicting CD identified both STRESS and SWMS as incremental predictors (chi-square 55, p&lt;0.001) Conclusion : STRESS, MDE and WM all add incremental value for prediction of ACD and CD over pre-CMR data and can be combined to further enhance prognostication.
Evaluation of plasma total and cleaved cytokeratin 18 as predictive markers of chemotherapy in colorectal cancer
Authors: M. M. Moore, W. Chua, J. Zhao, S. J. Clarke, L. Horvath
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e15091 Background: Cytokeratin 18 (CK18) is a cytoskeletal protein present in the circulation of cancer patients. Caspase-cleaved CK18 fragments are released from apoptotic cells and may be a simple non-invasive tool for measuring response to chemotherapy. This study aims to assess the associations between levels of CK18 with clinical parameters in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) receiving palliative chemotherapy. Methods: Prospectively collected plasma from 23 mCRC patients were analysed for the presence of total CK18 (M65, Peviva) and cleaved CK18 (M30-Apoptosense, Peviva) using an ELISA assay. 8 patients received 2nd-line chemotherapy (irinotecan) and 15 patients received 1st-line 5FU-based chemotherapy. Levels of both total and cleaved CK18 were determined at day 0 prior to chemotherapy and +24 hours for 2nd-line patients or +72 hours for 1st-line patients post-chemotherapy. Patients were grouped as responders (CR + PR) or non-responders (SD + PD) and results were analysed by non-parametric tests (Mann- Whitney and Wilcoxon Signed Rank Tests). Results: The median age of patients was 62 (range 24–79) with 9 patients (39%) responding to chemotherapy. Pre-chemotherapy, both total and cleaved CK18 levels were significantly lower in patients that responded to chemotherapy compared to non-responders [mean total CK18 responders 447.8U/L (95%CI 286.6–609.0 U/L ) versus mean total CK18 non-responders 999.4U/L (95%CI 602.7–1396.1 U/L), p=0.033; mean cleaved CK18 responders 174.7 U/L (95% CI 26.4–323.0) versus mean cleaved CK18 non-responders 331.4 U/L (95%CI 185.3–477.6), p=0.046]. There was a statistically significant increase in the concentration of total CK18 in the post-chemotherapy samples compared to baseline (p=0.003) however there was no association with response (p=0.12). The mean ratio of cleaved: total CK18 was significantly lower after chemotherapy [baseline 0.33 (95% CI 0.28–0.38) versus post-chemotherapy 0.29 (95%CI 0.24–0.34), p=0.01]. The mean ratio of cleaved: total CK18 at baseline was unable to discriminate between responders and non responders (p=0.83). Conclusions: These data suggest that pre-chemotherapy total and cleaved CK18 plasma levels are potential predictors of chemotherapeutic response for patients with mCRC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 234: Residual Leaflet Length as a Predictor of Tricuspid Regurgitation: An in vitro Study
Authors: Erin Spinner, Jorge Jimenez, Muralidhar Padala, Ajit Yoganathan
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background: Severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality and reduced durability of mitral valve (MV) repairs. Current treatments offer less than optimal ...
A Theory of the Causation of Cardiac Pain
Authors: Alexander Lambert
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1931)

Article1 September 1931A Theory of the Causation of Cardiac PainALEXANDER LAMBERT, M.D.ALEXANDER LAMBERT, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-5-3-256 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAn unsolved problem in medicine stands as a challenge to every physician, and cardiac pain has long stood in this position. It is therefore with peculiar pleasure, and with keen appreciation of the compliment, that I accepted your Chairman's invitation to offer you some heretical opinions concerning its causation.The most recent reviews of Angina Pectoris by Obendoeffer, Kirch and Edens express the almost universal medical belief that cardiac pain is caused by a spasm of the coronary arteries. But this spasm is an unproven theoretical assumption brought forward years ago by Nothnagel. Huchard collected over sixty explanations of cardiac... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: ALEXANDER LAMBERT, M.D.Affiliations: Cornell University New York City*Presented at the Baltimore meeting of the American College of Physicians, March 23, 1931. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1931Volume 5, Issue 3 Page: 256-263 Keywords Angina Coronary arteries ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1931 PDF downloadLoading ...