tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Transoral Robotic Surgery in the Multidisciplinary Care of Patients With Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: ASCO Guideline
Authors: F. Christopher Holsinger, Nofisat Ismaila, Douglas R. Adkins, Brittany R. Barber, Graham Burnette, Carole Fakhry, Thomas J. Galloway, Ryan P. Goepfert, Brett A. Miles, Vinidh Paleri, Ashish A. Patel, Scott A. Roof, Heather M. Starmer, Sue S. Yom, Nabil F. Saba, Ryan Li, Jamie A. Ku
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2025)

ASCO Guidelines provide recommendations with comprehensive review and analyses of the relevant literature for each recommendation, following the guideline development process as outlined in the ASCO Guidelines Methodology Manual . ASCO Guidelines follow the ASCO Conflict of Interest Policy for Clinical Practice Guidelines . Clinical Practice Guidelines and other guidance (“Guidance”) provided by ASCO is not a comprehensive or definitive guide to treatment options. It is intended for voluntary use by clinicians and should be used in conjunction with independent professional judgment. Guidance may not be applicable to all patients, interventions, diseases or stages of diseases. Guidance is based on review and analysis of relevant literature and is not intended as a statement of the standard of care. ASCO does not endorse third-party drugs, devices, services, or therapies and assumes no responsibility for any harm arising from or related to the use of this information. See complete disclaimer in Appendix 1 and 2 (online only) for more . PURPOSE To provide evidence-based recommendations for the use of transoral robotic surgery (TORS) in the multidisciplinary management of oropharyngeal squamous cell cancer (OPC). METHODS ASCO convened a multidisciplinary Expert Panel to evaluate the evidence and formulate recommendations. The literature search included studies published between January 1, 2002, and August 31, 2024, and comprised systematic reviews, meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, and observational studies. Outcomes of interest include overall and disease-free survival, functional outcomes, and quality of life. Expert Panel members used available evidence and informal consensus to develop evidence-based guideline recommendations. RESULTS A total of 58 publications were identified to inform the evidence base for this guideline. RECOMMENDATIONS Evidence-based recommendations address the evaluation and workup of patients with human papillomavirus (HPV)–positive OPC, the role of TORS, patient selection, adjuvant therapy, HPV-negative OPC, and use of TORS in salvage or recurrent setting. Additional information is available at www.asco.org/head-neck-cancer-guidelines .
Dental pulp stem cells alleviate Schwann cell pyroptosis via mitochondrial transfer to enhance facial nerve regeneration
Authors: Xiaoyu Zheng, Juan Wang, Heng Zhou, Ying Chai, Ziwei Li, Minjie Chen, Zihan Yang, Chun Xu, Chang Lei, Yan He, Duohong Zou, Qingsong Ye
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2025)
Integrative analysis reveals therapeutic potential of pyrvinium pamoate in Merkel cell carcinoma
Authors: Jiawen Yang, James T. Lim, Paul Victor Santiago Raj, Marcelo G. Corona, Chen Chen, Hunain Khawaja, Qiong Pan, Gillian D. Paine-Murrieta, Rick G. Schnellmann, Denise J. Roe, Prafulla C. Gokhale, James A. DeCaprio, Megha Padi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2025)

Merkel Cell Carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive neuroendocrine cutaneous malignancy arising from either ultraviolet-induced mutagenesis or Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) integration. Despite extensive research, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms driving the transition from normal cells to MCC remains limited. To address this knowledge gap, we assessed the impact of inducible MCPyV T antigens on normal human fibroblasts by performing RNA sequencing. Our data uncovered changes in expression and regulation of Wnt signaling pathway members. Building on this observation, we bioinformatically evaluated various Wnt pathway perturbagens for their ability to reverse the MCC gene expression signature and identified pyrvinium pamoate, an FDA-approved anthelminthic drug known for its anti-tumor activity in other cancers. Leveraging transcriptomic, network, and molecular analyses, we found that pyrvinium targets multiple MCC vulnerabilities. Pyrvinium not only reverses the neuroendocrine features of MCC by modulating canonical and non-canonical Wnt signaling but also inhibits cancer cell growth by activating p53-mediated apoptosis, disrupting mitochondrial function, and inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress. Finally, we demonstrated that pyrvinium reduces tumor growth in an MCC mouse xenograft model. These findings offer a new understanding of the role of Wnt signaling in MCC and highlight the utility of pyrvinium as a potential treatment for MCC.
Arterial Occlusion in Takayasu Arteritis Detected as a Blood Pool Defect on 18F-FDG Semiconductor PET/CT
Authors: Masahiro Koyama, Yohji Matsusaka, Kaho Watanabe, Akira Seto, Ichiei Kuji
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2025)

Abstract A 75-year-old woman with Takayasu arteritis was referred to 18 F-FDG PET/CT due to elevated C-reactive protein in her laboratory data. FDG PET/CT with semiconductor detectors revealed no uptake in the arterial walls, suggesting active inflammation. However, the blood pool uptake in the proximal portion of the left subclavian artery was defective, suggesting arterial occlusion. Magnetic resonance angiography revealed complete occlusion of the left subclavian artery. Ultrasonography showed the reverse flow of the left vertebral artery. Semiconductor PET can visualize the blood pool defects of the intra-arterial uptake in the arterial branches from the aorta.
eIF3a function in immunity and protection against severe sepsis by regulating B cell quantity and function through m6A modification
Authors: Qianying Ouyang, Jiajia Cui, Yang Wang, Ke Liu, Yan Zhan, Wei Zhuo, Juan Chen, Honghao Zhou, Chenhui Luo, Jianming Xia, Liansheng Wang, Chengxian Guo, Jianting Zhang, Zhaoqian Liu, Jiye Yin
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2025)

eIF3a is a N 6-methyladenosine (m6A) reader that regulates mRNA translation by recognizing m6A modifications of these mRNAs. It has been suggested that eIF3a may play an important role in regulating translation initiation via m6A during infection when canonical cap-dependent initiation is inhibited. However, the death of animal model studies impedes our understanding of the functional significance of eIF3a in immunity and regulation in vivo. In this study, we investigated the in vivo function of eIF3a using eIF3a knockout and knockdown mouse models and found that eIF3a deficiency resulted in splenic tissue structural disruption and multi-organ damage, which contributed to severe sepsis induced by Lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Ectopic eIF3a overexpression in the eIF3a knockdown mice rescued mice from LPS-induced severe sepsis. We further showed that eIF3a maintains a functional and healthy immune system by regulating B cell function and quantity through m6A modification of mRNAs. These findings unveil a novel mechanism underlying sepsis, implicating the pivotal role of B cells in this complex disease process regulated by eIF3a. Furthermore, eIF3a may be used to develop a potential strategy for treating sepsis.
News from the old: aging features in the intracardiac, musculoskeletal, and enteric nervous systems
Authors: Severin Haider, Eliza Sassu, Dragana Stefanovska, Mathew R Stoyek, Sebastian Preissl, Luis Hortells
Journal: Ageing Research Reviews (2025)

Aging strongly affects the peripheral nervous system (PNS), triggering alterations that vary depending on the innervated tissue. The most frequent alteration in peripheral nerve aging is reduced nerve fiber and glial density which can lead to abnormal nerve functionality. Interestingly, the activation of a destructive phenotype takes place in macrophages across the PNS while a reduced number of neuronal bodies is a unique feature of some enteric ganglia. Single cell/nucleus RNA-sequencing has unveiled a striking complexity of cell populations in the peripheral nerves, and these refined cell type annotations could facilitate a better understanding of PNS aging. While the effects of senescence on individual PNS cell types requires further characterization, the use of senolytics appears to improve general PNS function in models of aging. Here, we review the current understanding of age-related changes of the intracardiac, musculoskeletal, and enteric nervous system sub-sections of the PNS, highlighting their commonalities and differences.
Optineurin restrains CCR7 degradation to guide type II collagen-stimulated dendritic cell migration in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Wenxiang Hong, Hongbo Ma, Zhaoxu Yang, Jiaying Wang, Bowen Peng, Longling Wang, Yiwen Du, Lijun Yang, Lijiang Zhang, Zhibin Li, Han Huang, Difeng Zhu, Bo Yang, Qiaojun He, Jiajia Wang, Qinjie Weng
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2025)

Dendritic cells (DCs) serve as the primary antigen-presenting cells in autoimmune diseases, like rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and exhibit distinct signaling profiles due to antigenic diversity. Type II collagen (CII) has been recognized as an RA-specific antigen; however, little is known about CII-stimulated DCs, limiting the development of RA-specific therapeutic interventions. In this study, we show that CII-stimulated DCs display a preferential gene expression profile associated with migration, offering a new perspective for targeting DC migration in RA treatment. Then, saikosaponin D (SSD) was identified as a compound capable of blocking CII-induced DC migration and effectively ameliorating arthritis. Optineurin (OPTN) is further revealed as a potential SSD target, with Optn deletion impairing CII-pulsed DC migration without affecting maturation. Function analyses uncover that OPTN prevents the proteasomal transport and ubiquitin-dependent degradation of C-C chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7), a pivotal chemokine receptor in DC migration. Optn-deficient DCs exhibit reduced CCR7 expression, leading to slower migration in CII-surrounded environment, thus alleviating arthritis progression. Our findings underscore the significance of antigen-specific DC activation in RA and suggest OPTN is a crucial regulator of CII-specific DC migration. OPTN emerges as a promising drug target for RA, potentially offering significant value for the therapeutic management of RA.
Ecosystems and monopolies in digital surgery
Authors: Andrew Yiu, Kapil Sahnan
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2025)

The ongoing U.S v. Apple lawsuit demonstrates the potential for an 'ecosystem' to monopolize hardware, software, and/or services. This raises important issues for the surgical community with the growing adoption of digital surgery solutions, such as surgical robots, that offer industry unprecedented access to, and control over, surgical data. Surgeons must understand the significance of this data and ensure patient benefit is central to the ongoing digital transformation of surgery.
Perioperative or postoperative adjuvant oxaliplatin with S-1 versus adjuvant oxaliplatin with capecitabine in patients with locally advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma undergoing D2 gastrectomy (RESOLVE): final report of a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial
Authors: Xiaotian Zhang, Han Liang, Ziyu Li, Yingwei Xue, Yanong Wang, Zhiwei Zhou, Jiren Yu, Zhaode Bu, Lin Chen, Yian Du, Xinbao Wang, Aiwen Wu, Guoli Li, Xiangqian Su, Gang Xiao, Ming Cui, Dan Wu, Li Chen, Xiaojiang Wu, Yanbing Zhou, Lianhai Zhang, Chengxue Dang, Yulong He, Zhongtao Zhang, Yihong Sun, Yong Li, Huanqiu Chen, Yuxian Bai, Yakun Wang, Peiwu Yu, Guanbao Zhu, Jian Suo, Baoqing Jia, Leping Li, Changming Huang, Fei Li, Yingjiang Ye, Huimian Xu, Xin Wang, Yannan Yuan, Jianyu E, Xiangji Ying, Chen Yao, Lin Shen, Jiafu Ji
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2025)
Planning for the virtual elimination of HIV in Australia: a Delphi consensus
Authors: Tiffany R Phillips, Habib Taouk, Phyllis M Lau, Reuben Kiggundu, Andrew E Grulich, Aaron Cogle, Scott Harlum, Dash-Heath Paynter, Darryl O'Donnell, Jason J Ong
Journal: The Lancet HIV (2025)
Targeting protein hyperSUMOylation halts cholangiocarcinoma progression by impairing cancer cell viability and tumor-stroma crosstalk
Authors: Irene Olaizola, Ainhoa Lapitz, Beatriz Val, Laura Izquierdo-Sanchez, Maite G. Fernandez-Barrena, Colm J. O’Rourke, Pui Y. Lee-Law, Andreea Gradinaru, Raul Jimenez-Agüero, Adelaida La Casta, Ioana Riaño, Rocio I.R. Macias, Jose J.G. Marin, Maria L. Martinez-Chantar, Matias A. Avila, Patricia Aspichueta, Jesper B. Andersen, Luke Boulter, Luis Bujanda, Pedro M. Rodrigues, Maria J. Perugorria, Jesus M. Banales
Journal: Hepatology (2025)

Background and Rationale: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) includes a diverse group of biliary malignancies with poor prognosis. Alterations in post-translational modifications contribute to disrupted protein dynamics, cellular disturbances, and disease. This study investigates the role of protein SUMOylation in cholangiocarcinogenesis and its potential as a therapeutic target. Approach and Results: Analysis of CCA tumors from four patient cohorts and CCA cell lines, revealed increased expression of the SUMOylation machinery genes SAE1 and UBE2I , regardless of the tumor’s molecular profile, resulting in elevated levels of SUMO1-conjugated proteins. Higher SAE1 and UBE2I levels were both indicative of unfavorable clinical outcomes. Deregulated SUMOylated proteins in CCA, mostly linked to cell proliferation, survival, and homeostasis, were identified through immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry. Genetic ( UBE2I -knockdown) and pharmacological (ML792 and SAMe) inhibition of SUMOylation effectively suppressed tumorigenesis in subcutaneous and oncogene-driven CCA models, reducing the presence of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and increasing the recruitment of anti-tumor immune cells. In vitro , targeting SUMOylation induced CCA cell death and reduced cell proliferation, colony formation, and spheroid growth. Importantly, ML792 and SAMe did not adversely affect normal human cholangiocytes. Moreover, co-culture of wild-type or UBE2I -knockdown CCA cells with CAFs revealed that depleting SUMOylation in CCA cells impaired CAF cell growth and altered their protein secretome, ultimately disrupting CCA growth through a regulatory feedback loop. Conclusion: Aberrant SUMOylation drives CCA progression by enhancing cell survival, proliferation, and shaping the tumor microenvironment. Targeting SUMOylation shows potential in inhibiting CCA growth, representing a promising therapeutic strategy.
Management of patients with Impella 5.5 left ventricular assist devices on a cardiovascular stepdown unit
Authors: Anthony P Carnicelli, Brian A Houston, Jennifer Hajj, Kaylen Dodson, Lindsey Bull, Meg Ospina, Thomas G Di Salvo, Jeffrey D McMurray, Jeffrey Yourshaw, Ryan J Tedford, Lucas Witer, Arman Kilic
Journal: JACC Heart Failure (2025)
“Disguise strategy” to bacteria: A multifunctional hydrogel with bacteria-targeting and photothermal conversion properties for the repair of infectious bone defects
Authors: Kexin Li, En Xie, Chengyuan Liu, Jie Hu, Qianglong Chen, Jiaying Li, Huan Wang, Qingchen Meng, Dachuan Liu, Bin Meng, Ting Liang, Jinjin Ma, Zhangqin Yuan, Lijie Wang, Wenmiao Shu, Haijiao Mao, Fengxuan Han, Bin Li
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2025)
Multifunctional nanoparticles and collagenase dual loaded thermosensitive hydrogel system for enhanced tumor-penetration, reversed immune suppression and photodynamic-immunotherapy
Authors: Chengli Yang, Xukun Liao, Kai Zhou, Yongchao Yao, Xinlong He, Wen Zhong, Dan Zheng, Yan Yang, Ming Li, Meng Zhou, Yadi Zhou, Lin Li, Yang Bai, Kun Shi, Zhiyong Qian
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2025)
Photo-generating Type-I ROS and aryl radicals by mitochondrial-targeting oxime-ester photogenerator for pyroptosis-mediated anti-hypoxia photoimmunotherapy
Authors: Qiyu Zhan, Yulin Kuang, Xuyuan Chen, Yanzhen Yang, Linhui Jiang, Jian Chen, Lie Li, Junwei Wang, Shuoji Zhu, Huanlei Huang, Lei Wang, Ping Zhu, Ruiyuan Liu
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2025)
Counter mucosal incisions: a novel tension-relief technique in anti-reflux mucosal plasty for enhanced closure stability
Authors: Mayo Tanabe, Haruhiro Inoue, Kazuki Yamamoto, Kei Ushikubo, Yohei Nishikawa, Boldbaatar Gantuya, Ippei Tanaka
Journal: Endoscopy (2025)

We demonstrate the use of counter mucosal incisions as an innovative technique to relieve tension during anti-reflux mucosal plasty with valve (ARM-P/V) ([Video 1]) [1]. This approach was developed to mitigate the risk of dehiscence at the cardia closure site. ARM-P/V is a minimally invasive procedure for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). This procedure reconstructs the mucosal flap valve to enhance anti-reflux function. The success of ARM-P/V depends on the secure closure of an artificial mucosal defect. However, elevated tension at the closure site may compromise stability, increasing the risk of dehiscence and negatively impacting procedural outcomes.
Double-sided endoscopic submucosal dissection with two scopes and adaptive traction for an ileocecal neoplasia: when ileostomy allows simultaneous dissection on the two edges
Authors: Aïmène Khiari, Pierre Lafeuille, Clara Yzet, Florian Rostain, Alexandru Lupu, Jérôme Rivory, Mathieu Pioche
Journal: Endoscopy (2025)

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a standard treatment for superficial colorectal neoplasia. Size greater than 40 mm and right colon location present significant challenges [1] [2]. The ileocecal valve (ICV) is considered one of the most difficult locations. Nevertheless, it has been shown that ESD in this area is both safe and effective, especially when using traction devices [3]. A recent French study of 106 patients demonstrated that traction-assisted ESD for ICV lesions is a safe and feasible option [4]. Factors associated with non-R0 resection include lesions covering ≥75% of the ICV, involving the anal lip, or spreading across more than two sites on the ICV [4].
Through-the-scope tack and suture system for closure of a large iatrogenic rectal perforation
Authors: Lidia Marti Romero, Vanesa Martinez Escapa, Pablo Olcina Domínguez, Gloria Alemany Pérez, Carlos Boix Clemente, Belen Bardisa de la iglesia
Journal: Endoscopy (2025)

Early closure of an iatrogenic gastrointestinal defect reduces related adverse events. The closure method depends on the size and location of the defect [1] [2]. Delayed closure may complicate treatment.
Successful reinterventional drainage via endoscopic ultrasound-guided cannulation with anastomotic identification
Authors: Daisuke Namima, Toshio Fujisawa, Yusuke Takasaki, Ko Tomishima, Shigeto Ishii, Hideki Kobara, Hiroyuki Isayama
Journal: Endoscopy (2025)

The rate of reinterventions, including stent or stone management via anastomosis, has increased following endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided biliary drainage/anastomosis [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]. Stent dislodgement presents significant challenges due, in particular, to difficulty locating the anastomotic site and recannulating the anastomotic tract after EUS-guided hepaticogastrostomy (EUS-HGS). Recannulation using a duodenoscope, which differs from the original EUS-HGS equipment, can complicate the procedure owing to challenges in identification of the anastomotic site and adjustment of the insertion angle. Therefore, we used the original EUS scope for reinterventions following EUS-HGS.
Endoscopic closure of a challenging gastrobronchial fistula following esophagectomy: an effective and accessible technique
Authors: Xuan Cheng, Huige Wang, Xuanjiang Zhao, Dan Liu
Journal: Endoscopy (2025)

A 59-year-old man, who had undergone esophagectomy and gastric conduit reconstruction 5 years previously, underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) to remove a submucosal tumor from the gastric conduit. Subsequently, the patient experienced coughing during liquid intake and a mild fever. Thoracic computed tomography (CT) revealed infiltration in the lower lobe of the right lung with a pleural effusion, suggestive of a gastrobronchial fistula on the right side ([Fig. 1]). An esophagogram confirmed the presence of a leak from the reconstructed gastric conduit ([Fig. 2]). Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed an unresolved post-ESD ulcer, alongside multiple sinuses, with pus and air bubbles at the base. After repeated irrigation had been performed, the base was exposed, revealing several fistulas, which appeared to communicate with the bronchus ([Fig. 3] a). After informed consent had been obtained, endoscopic closure was selected as the treatment approach ([Video 1]).
Endoscopic ultrasonography evaluation combined with guidewire-guided cystotome therapy for refractory benign esophageal stricture: Improving the safety of treatment
Authors: Chen Shi, Chen Chen Dai, Qiao Mei
Journal: Endoscopy (2025)

Here we report a patient with a refractory benign esophageal stricture treated using endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) evaluation combined with guidewire-guided cystotome therapy as a new endoscopic approach.
Endoscopic submucosal dissection for a symptomatic hypopharyngeal cavernous hemangioma: a new potential method
Authors: Xu-Cheng Huo, Bao-Hui Song, Rong-Kui Luo, Yun-Shi Zhong, Ping-Hong Zhou, Xu Zhou, Ming-Yan Cai
Journal: Endoscopy (2025)

The incidence rate of hypopharyngeal hemangioma is low, and there is no unified clinical guideline at present [1]. For smaller-sized hemangiomas, the main treatment is observation and follow-up. Intervention therapy is needed for large-sized lesions or for patients with obvious symptoms. Common treatment methods include surgery, laser therapy, and sclerotherapy [2]. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for treatment of esophageal hemangioma has been reported, with good results [3].
Successful removal of a foreign body from a duodenal diverticulum via enteroscopy
Authors: Ziyu Feng, Han Liu, Qing-qing Qi
Journal: Endoscopy (2025)

A 53-year-old man presented to our hospital with a 2-week history of left-sided abdominal pain, which had intensified over the previous 6 days. The pain radiated to the waist and back, and was associated with induration, without rebound tenderness. He denied consuming any unusual foods. Computed tomography (CT) imaging revealed a linear high-density shadow suggestive of a duodenal perforation in the horizontal part of the duodenum ([Fig. 1]). Owing to the high surgical risk and uncertain prognosis, surgical intervention was deferred and, given that the foreign body in the horizontal part of the duodenum was inaccessible via standard gastroscopy, a double-balloon enteroscopy was performed.
Combined endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection with an adaptive traction device for a duodenal duplication cyst
Authors: Aïmène Khiari, Pierre Lafeuille, Marianne Fricaudet, Florian Rostain, Alexandru Lupu, Jérôme Rivory, Mathieu Pioche
Journal: Endoscopy (2025)

Duodenal duplication cysts are rare, accounting for only 2% to 12% of digestive tract duplications [1]. Symptoms typically include abdominal pain, nausea, gastrointestinal bleeding, or pancreatitis [1]. Though generally benign, there is a potential for malignant transformation, making early treatment essential [2]. Surgical management is the standard treatment, although endoscopic marsupialization has been used. A recent study found that only 3 out of 28 patients (10.7%) with intraduodenal cysts without pancreatic or bile duct invasion were treated endoscopically [3].