tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comparison of patency rates and complications with or without antithrombotic therapy following portal vein stent placement after pancreatic surgery, a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lin Chen, Ziyan Wang, Liangbo Dong, Zhiwei Wang, Zehui Li, Weibin Wang
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

Background: Portal vein stent placement is used for portal vein stenosis. However, reports on postpancreatic surgery cases are rare. Whether antithrombotic therapy should be administered remains controversial. In this paper, the authors reviewed current data to evaluate the influence of antithrombosis on stent patency after pancreatic surgery. Materials and methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis compared studies in which patients did or did not receive antithrombotic therapy after portal vein stent placement. The authors compared patency after stent placement and complication rate. Results: There were 22 ( n =207) studies in which patients received antithrombotic therapy and 8 ( n =61) in which patients did not receive therapy. Antithrombotic agents, such as aspirin, clopidogrel, heparin, and warfarin, were used. The overall patency rates were similar between the groups (79.2% in the antithrombosis group vs. 88.0% in the nonantithrombosis group). Subgroup analyses included those for the etiology of stenosis, types of antithrombotic agents, acute or chronic stenosis, and causes of stent stenosis. None revealed a significant difference between the patency rates in the antithrombosis and nonantithrombosis groups. However, bleeding complications only occurred in patients who received antithrombotic therapy. Conclusion: There is no significant benefit of antithrombotic therapy after portal vein stent placement following pancreatic surgery. Antithrombotic therapy should be performed with caution because it may cause complications, such as bleeding.
Knockout mice with pituitary malformations help identify human cases of hypopituitarism
Authors: Julian Martinez-Mayer, Michelle L. Brinkmeier, Sean P. O’Connell, Arnold Ukagwu, Marcelo A. Marti, Mirta Miras, Maria V. Forclaz, Maria G. Benzrihen, Leonard Y. M. Cheung, Sally A. Camper, Buffy S. Ellsworth, Lori T. Raetzman, Maria I. Pérez-Millán, Shannon W. Davis
Journal: Genome Medicine (2024)

Abstract Background Congenital hypopituitarism (CH) and its associated syndromes, septo-optic dysplasia (SOD) and holoprosencephaly (HPE), are midline defects that cause significant morbidity for affected people. Variants in 67 genes are associated with CH, but a vast majority of CH cases lack a genetic diagnosis. Whole exome and whole genome sequencing of CH patients identifies sequence variants in genes known to cause CH, and in new candidate genes, but many of these are variants of uncertain significance (VUS). Methods The International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium (IMPC) is an effort to establish gene function by knocking-out all genes in the mouse genome and generating corresponding phenotype data. We used mouse embryonic imaging data generated by the Deciphering Mechanisms of Developmental Disorders (DMDD) project to screen 209 embryonic lethal and sub-viable knockout mouse lines for pituitary malformations. Results Of the 209 knockout mouse lines, we identified 51 that have embryonic pituitary malformations. These genes not only represent new candidates for CH, but also reveal new molecular pathways not previously associated with pituitary organogenesis. We used this list of candidate genes to mine whole exome sequencing data of a cohort of patients with CH, and we identified variants in two unrelated cases for two genes, MORC2 and SETD5 , with CH and other syndromic features. Conclusions The screening and analysis of IMPC phenotyping data provide proof-of-principle that recessive lethal mouse mutants generated by the knockout mouse project are an excellent source of candidate genes for congenital hypopituitarism in children.
Mapping the immune cell landscape of severe atopic dermatitis by single‐cell <scp>RNA</scp>‐seq
Authors: Seon‐Pil Jin, Kyungchun Lee, Yoon Ji Bang, Yun‐Hui Jeon, Sunyoung Jung, So‐Jung Choi, Ji Su Lee, Junhan Kim, Emma Guttman‐Yassky, Chung‐Gyu Park, Hyun Je Kim, Seunghee Hong, Dong Hun Lee
Journal: Allergy (2024)

Abstract Background Efforts to profile atopic dermatitis (AD) tissues have intensified, yet comprehensive analysis of systemic immune landscapes in severe AD remains crucial. Methods Employing single‐cell RNA sequencing, we analyzed over 300,000 peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 12 severe AD patients (Eczema area and severity index (EASI) &gt; 21) and six healthy controls. Results Results revealed significant immune cell shifts in AD patients, including increased Th2 cell abundance, reduced NK cell clusters with compromised cytotoxicity, and correlated Type 2 innate lymphoid cell proportions with disease severity. Moreover, unique monocyte clusters reflecting activated innate immunity emerged in very severe AD (EASI &gt; 30). While overall dendritic cells (DCs) counts decreased, a distinct Th2‐priming subset termed “Th2_DC” correlated strongly with disease severity, validated across skin tissue data, and flow cytometry with additional independent severe AD samples. Beyond the recognized role of Th2 adaptive immunity, our findings highlight significant innate immune cell alterations in severe AD, implicating their roles in disease pathogenesis and therapeutic potentials. Conclusion Apart from the widely recognized role of Th2 adaptive immunity in AD pathogenesis, alterations in innate immune cells and impaired cytotoxic cells have also been observed in severe AD. The impact of these alterations on disease pathogenesis and the effectiveness of potential therapeutic targets requires further investigation.
Comparison of infectious complications with BCMA-directed therapies in multiple myeloma
Authors: Karthik Nath, Tala Shekarkhand, David Nemirovsky, Andriy Derkach, Bruno Almeida Costa, Noriko Nishimura, Tasmin Farzana, Colin Rueda, David J. Chung, Heather J. Landau, Oscar B. Lahoud, Michael Scordo, Gunjan L. Shah, Hani Hassoun, Kylee Maclachlan, Neha Korde, Urvi A. Shah, Carlyn Rose Tan, Malin Hultcrantz, Sergio A. Giralt, Saad Z. Usmani, Zainab Shahid, Sham Mailankody, Alexander M. Lesokhin
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2024)

Abstract B-cell-maturation-antigen (BCMA)-directed therapies are highly active for multiple myeloma, but infections are emerging as a major challenge. In this retrospective, single-center analysis we evaluated infectious complications after BCMA-targeted chimeric-antigen-receptor T-cell therapy (CAR-T), bispecific-antibodies (BsAb) and antibody-drug-conjugates (ADC). The primary endpoint was severe (grade ≥3) infection incidence. Amongst 256 patients, 92 received CAR-T, 55 BsAb and 109 ADC. The incidence of severe infections was higher with BsAb (40%) than CAR-T (26%) or ADC (8%), including grade 5 infections (7% vs 0% vs 0%, respectively). Comparing T-cell redirecting therapies, the incidence rate of severe infections was significantly lower with CAR-T compared to BsAb at 1-year (incidence-rate-ratio [IRR] = 0.43, 95%CI 0.25−0.76, P = 0.004). During periods of treatment-emergent hypogammaglobulinemia, BsAb recipients had higher infection rates (IRR:2.27, 1.31−3.98, P = 0.004) and time to severe infection (HR 2.04, 1.05–3.96, P = 0.036) than their CAR-T counterparts. During periods of non-neutropenia, CAR-T recipients had a lower risk (HR 0.44, 95%CI 0.21−0.93, P = 0.032) and incidence rate (IRR:0.32, 95% 0.17–0.59, P &lt; 0.001) of severe infections than BsAb. In conclusion, we observed an overall higher and more persistent risk of severe infections with BsAb. Our results also suggest a higher infection risk during periods of hypogammaglobulinemia with BsAb, and with neutropenia in CAR-T recipients.
Reconfigurable Hanging Drop Microarray Platform for On‐Demand Preparation and Analysis of Spheroid Array
Authors: Hwisoo Kim, Bumsoo Kim, Soo Jee Kim, Yejin Choi, Irene Hae‐Rim Kim, Jieun Han, Young‐Gyun Park, Yong‐Mahn Han, Je‐Kyun Park
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

In response to the increasing demand for spheroid-based cancer research, the importance of developing integrated platforms that can simultaneously facilitate high-throughput spheroid production and multiplexed analysis is emphasized. In addition, the understanding of how the size and cellular composition of tumors directly influence their internal structures and functionalities underlines the critical need to produce spheroids of diverse sizes and compositions on a large scale. To address this rising demand, this work presents a configurable and linkable in vitro three-dimensional (3D) cell culture kit (CLiCK) for spheroids, termed CLiCK-Spheroid. This platform consists of three primary components: a hanging drop microarray (HDMA), a concave pillar microarray (CPMA), and gradient blocks. The HDMA alone produces a homogeneous spheroid array, while its combination with the gradient block enables one-step generation of a size-gradient spheroid array. Using the size-gradient spheroid arrays, the occurrence of necrotic cores based on spheroid size is demonstrated. Additionally, spheroids in a single batch can be conveniently compartmentalized and regrouped using a CPMA, enhancing the versatility of spheroid arrays and enabling multiplexed drug treatments. By combining the different assembly methods, this work has achieved high-throughput production of cell composition-gradient spheroid arrays, with noticeable variations in morphology and vascularization based on cell compositions.
Associations of sleep with cardiometabolic risk factors and cardiovascular diseases: An umbrella review of observational and mendelian randomization studies
Authors: Chao Yang, Peijing Yan, Xueyao Wu, Wenqiang Zhang, Huijie Cui, Li Zhang, Zhengxing Xu, Shanshan Peng, Mingshuang Tang, Yutong Wang, Lin Chen, Yanqiu Zou, Yunjie Liu, Min Zhang, Xunying Zhao, Jinyu Xiao, Chenghan Xiao, Ling Zhang, Yuqin Yao, Jiayuan Li, Zhenmi Liu, Chunxia Yang, Xia Jiang, Ben Zhang
Journal: Sleep Medicine Reviews (2024)
DAB2IP associates with hereditary angioedema: Insights into the role of VEGF signaling in HAE pathophysiology
Authors: Maria D'Apolito, Rosa Santacroce, Daniel Osvaldo Vazquez, Giorgia Cordisco, Claudio Agustin Fantini, Giovanna D'Andrea, Angelica Leccese, Anna Laura Colia, Pablo Martinez, Andrea Zanichelli, Darío Josviack, Maurizio Margaglione
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2024)
Molecular landscape of mature B‐cell lymphoproliferative disorders with <i>BCL3</i>‐translocation: A Groupe Francophone de Cytogénétique Hématologique (GFCH)/French Innovative Leukemia Organization (FILO) study
Authors: Lauren Véronèse, Hedi Bensaber, Louis‐Thomas Dannus, Gaetan Giannone, Christopher Choiset, Corentin Grimpret, Nassera Abermil, Estelle Balducci, Audrey Bidet, Elise Chapiro, Lucile Couronné, Agnès Daudignon, Nathalie Douet‐Gilbert, Virginie Eclache, Baptiste Gaillard, Jean‐Baptiste Gaillard, Faten Hsoumi, Christine Lefebvre, Nathalie Nadal, Marie‐Joelle Mozziconacci, Dominique Penther, Bénédicte Ribourtout, Steven Richebourg, Lauren Rigollet, Christine Terre, Gwendoline Soler, Olivier Tournilhac, Romain Guièze, Florence Nguyen‐Khac, Andrei Tchirkov
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2024)
Activation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α7 subunit limits Zika viral infection via promoting autophagy and ferroptosis
Authors: Caiqi Zhao, Jie Chen, Zhihua Liu, Huabin Liang, Xiaoyan Chen, Lianping Cheng, Shitao Xie, Zhekai Lin, Renlan Wu, Qi Zhao, Yue Xue, Xiaoyun Lai, Xia Jin, Jin-Fu Xu, Xiao Su
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2024)
Intercellular pathways of cancer treatment-related cardiotoxicity and their therapeutic implications: the paradigm of radiotherapy
Authors: Stella Logotheti, Athanasia Pavlopoulou, Hamid Khoshfekr Rudsari, Anne-Marie Galow, Yağmur Kafalı, Efthymios Kyrodimos, Aris I. Giotakis, Stephan Marquardt, Anastasia Velalopoulou, Ioannis I. Verginadis, Constantinos Koumenis, Thorsten Stiewe, Jerome Zoidakis, Ilangko Balasingham, Robert David, Alexandros G. Georgakilas
Journal: Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2024)
Hydrogen peroxide in breast milk is crucial for gut microbiota formation and myelin development in neonatal mice
Authors: Jun Kambe, Kento Usuda, Ryo Inoue, Kazuhiko Hirayama, Masahiko Ito, Ken Suenaga, Sora Masukado, Hong Liu, Shiho Miyata, Chunmei Li, Ikuo Kimura, Yuki Yamamoto, Kentaro Nagaoka
Journal: Gut Microbes (2024)

Early life environment influences mammalian brain development, a growing area of research within the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease framework, necessitating a deeper understanding of early life factors on children's brain development. This study introduces a mouse model,
Hepatic venous pressure gradient predicts risk of hepatic decompensation and liver-related mortality in patients with MASLD
Authors: Rafael Paternostro, Wilhelmus J. Kwanten, Benedikt Silvester Hofer, Georg Semmler, Ali Bagdadi, Irina Luzko, Virginia Hernández-Gea, Isabel Graupera, Juan Carlos García-Pagán, Dario Saltini, Federica Indulti, Filippo Schepis, Lucile Moga, Pierre-Emmanuel Rautou, Elba Llop, Luis Téllez, Agustín Albillos, Jose Ignacio Fortea, Angela Puente, Giulia Tosetti, Massimo Primignani, Alexander Zipprich, Elise Vuille-Lessard, Annalisa Berzigotti, Madalina-Gabriela Taru, Vlad Taru, Bogdan Procopet, Christian Jansen, Michael Praktiknjo, Wenyi Gu, Jonel Trebicka, Luis Ibanez-Samaniego, Rafael Bañares, Jesús Rivera-Esteban, Juan M. Pericas, Joan Genesca, Edilmar Alvarado, Candid Villanueva, Helene Larrue, Christophe Bureau, Wim Laleman, Alba Ardevol, Helena Masnou, Thomas Vanwolleghem, Michael Trauner, Mattias Mandorfer, Sven Francque, Thomas Reiberger
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2024)

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a leading cause of advanced chronic liver disease (ACLD). Portal hypertension drives hepatic decompensation and is best diagnosed by hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) measurement. Here, we investigate the prognostic value of HVPG in MASLD-related compensated ACLD (MASLD-cACLD).
Unravelling consciousness and brain function through the lens of time, space, and information
Authors: Andrea I. Luppi, Fernando E. Rosas, Pedro A.M. Mediano, Athena Demertzi, David K. Menon, Emmanuel A. Stamatakis
Journal: Trends in Neurosciences (2024)

Disentangling how cognitive functions emerge from the interplay of brain dynamics and network architecture is among the major challenges that neuroscientists face. Pharmacological and pathological perturbations of consciousness provide a lens to investigate these complex challenges. Here, we review how recent advances about consciousness and the brain's functional organisation have been driven by a common denominator: decomposing brain function into fundamental constituents of time, space, and information. Whereas unconsciousness increases structure-function coupling across scales, psychedelics may decouple brain function from structure. Convergent effects also emerge: anaesthetics, psychedelics, and disorders of consciousness can exhibit similar reconfigurations of the brain's unimodal-transmodal functional axis. Decomposition approaches reveal the potential to translate discoveries across species, with computational modelling providing a path towards mechanistic integration.
Tobacco funded research: how even journals with bans find it hard to stem the tide of publications
Authors: Irene van den Berg, Mathilde de Jeu, Hristio Boytchev
Journal: BMJ (2024)

Tobacco companies are investing billions in pharmaceutical and medical products. These ties complicate the ongoing efforts of researchers, scientific organisations, and journals to distance themselves from the industry, find <b>Irene van den Berg</b>, <b>Mathilde de Jeu</b>, and <b>Hristio Boytchev</b>
On the multiscale dynamics of punctuated evolution
Authors: Salva Duran-Nebreda, R. Alexander Bentley, Blai Vidiella, Andrej Spiridonov, Niles Eldredge, Michael J. O’Brien, Sergi Valverde
Journal: Trends in Ecology & Evolution (2024)

For five decades, paleontologists, paleobiologists, and ecologists have investigated patterns of punctuated equilibria in biology. Here, we step outside those fields and summarize recent advances in the theory of and evidence for punctuated equilibria, gathered from contemporary observations in geology, molecular biology, genetics, anthropology, and sociotechnology. Taken in the aggregate, these observations lead to a more general theory that we refer to as punctuated evolution. The quality of recent datasets is beginning to illustrate the mechanics of punctuated evolution in a way that can be modeled across a vast range of phenomena, from mass extinctions hundreds of millions of years ago to the possible future ahead in the Anthropocene. We expect the study of punctuated evolution to be applicable beyond biological scenarios.
The prognostic value of blood cellular indices in pulmonary embolism
Authors: Fakiha Siddiqui, Alfonso Tafur, Mushtaq Hussain, Alberto García‐Ortega, Amir Darki, Jawed Fareed, David Jiménez, Behnood Bikdeli, Francisco Galeano‐Valle, José Luis Fernández‐Reyes, Montserrat Pérez‐Pinar, Manuel Monreal
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2024)

Abstract Prognostication in acute pulmonary embolism (PE) requires reliable markers. While cellular indices such as neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic immune‐inflammation index (SII) appear promising, their utility in PE prognostication needs further exploration. We utilized data from the RIETE registry and the Loyola University Medical Center (LUMC) to assess the prognostic value of NLR, PLR, and SII in acute PE, using logistic regression models. The primary outcome was 30‐day all‐cause mortality. We compared their prognostic value versus the simplified Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index (sPESI) alone. We included 10 085 patients from RIETE and 700 from the LUMC. Thirty‐day mortality rates were 4.6% and 8.3%, respectively. On multivariable analysis, an elevated NLR (&gt;7.0) was associated with increased mortality (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 3.46; 95% CI: 2.60–4.60), outperforming the PLR &gt; 220 (aOR: 2.36; 95% CI: 1.77–3.13), and SII &gt; 1600 (aOR: 2.52; 95% CI: 1.90–3.33). The c‐statistic for NLR in patients with low‐risk PE was 0.78 (95% CI: 0.69–0.86). Respective numbers were 0.66 (95% CI: 0.63–0.69) and 0.68 (95% CI: 0.59–0.76) for intermediate‐risk and high‐risk patients. These findings were mirrored in the LUMC cohort. Among 9810 normotensive patients in RIETE, those scoring 0 points in sPESI and with an NLR ≤ 7.0 (35% of the population) displayed superior sensitivity (97.1%; 95% CI: 95.5–98.7) and negative predictive value (99.7%; 95% CI: 99.5–99.8) than sPESI alone (87.1%; 95% CI: 83.9–90.3, and 98.7%; 95% CI: 98.4–99.1, respectively) for 30‐day mortality. The NLR is a significant prognostic marker for 30‐day mortality in PE patients, especially useful to identify patients with very low‐risk PE.
Correspondence to editorial on “Sorafenib vs. Lenvatinib in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma after atezolizumab/bevacizumab failure: A real-world study”
Authors: Young Eun Chon, Dong Yun Kim, Hong Jae Chon, Do Young Kim
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2024)

Nishida explained in detail the scientific background of using tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) use after
Single-domain antibody-based protein degrader for synucleinopathies
Authors: Yixiang Jiang, Yan Lin, Amber M. Tetlow, Ruimin Pan, Changyi Ji, Xiang-Peng Kong, Erin E. Congdon, Einar M. Sigurdsson
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2024)

Synucleinopathies are a group of neurodegenerative diseases characterized by the accumulation of α-synuclein (α-syn) in the brain, leading to motor and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Currently, there are no known cures for synucleinopathies, and treatments mainly focus on symptom management. In this study, we developed a single-domain antibody (sdAb)-based protein degrader with features designed to enhance proteasomal degradation of α-syn. This sdAb derivative targets both α-syn and Cereblon (CRBN), a substrate-receptor for the E3-ubiquitin ligase CRL4
Outcomes of bariatric surgery in the setting of compensated advanced chronic liver disease associated with clinically significant portal hypertension: a multicenter, retrospective, cohort study on feasibility and safety
Authors: Victor Temime, Omar M. Ghanem, Julie K. Heimbach, Tayyab S. Diwan, Hadrien Tranchart, Hussein Abdallah, Claire Blanchard, Marie Lontrichard, Fabian Reche, Anne-Laure Borel, Amanda Belluzzi, Mirto Foletto, Emilio Manno, Tigran Poghosyan, Andrea Chierici, Antonio Iannelli
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2024)

Background: The obesity epidemic has led to an increase in the proportion of patients with chronic liver disease due to metabolic associated steatosic liver disease and in the prevalence of obesity in patients with cirrhosis. Metabolic and bariatric surgery has been proven to determine weight loss, obesity-related medical problems remission, and liver steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis improvement. However, cirrhosis and portal hypertension are well-known risk factors for increased morbidity and mortality after surgery. The aim of this study is to evaluate the safety of metabolic and bariatric surgery in patients with compensated advanced chronic liver disease and clinically significant portal hypertension. Material and Methods: This is an international, multicentric, retrospective study on 63 individuals affected by obesity with compensated advanced chronic liver disease and clinically significant portal hypertension who underwent metabolic and bariatric surgery in tertiary referral centers with experts hepatobiliary surgeons between January 2010 and October 2022. The primary endpoint was post-operative mortality at 90 days. The secondary endpoints included postoperative weight loss at last follow-up and postoperative complication rate. In addition, we performed subgroup analyses of Child-Pugh (A vs. B) score, MELD (≤9 vs. &gt;9) score and type of surgery. Results: One patient (1.6%) experienced gastric leakage and mortality. There were 3 (5%) reported cases of portal vein thrombosis, 2 (3%) postoperative acute renal failure, and 1 (1.6%) postoperative encephalopathy. Child-Pugh score A resulted to be a protective factor for intraoperative bleeding requiring transfusion at univariate analysis ((OR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.55 – 0.97, P =0.046) but not at multivariate analysis. MELD&gt;9 score and the type of surgery did not result to be a risk factor for any postoperative complication. Conclusion: Metabolic and bariatric surgery is safe in patients with compensated advanced chronic liver disease and clinically significant portal hypertension performed in tertiary bariatric referral centers with hepatobiliary expert surgeons. Larger, prospective studies with longer follow-up periods are needed to confirm these results.
Granuloma annulare and the risk of autoimmune conditions: a multicentre retrospective cohort analysis
Authors: David Garate, Christopher J Thang, Madelyn Schmidt, Shayan Ravanassa, Antonio R Jimenez, Lindy S Ross, George Golovko, John S Barbieri, Michael G Wilkerson
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2024)

Prior studies and case reports have postulated potential associations between granuloma annulare (GA) and various autoimmune conditions, but these relationships remain unclear. Using the TriNetX Research Network, we found that GA was significantly associated with an increased risk of systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune thyroiditis and type 1 diabetes mellitus, along with point estimates suggesting an increased risk of systemic sclerosis and uveitis. Overall, our study uses epidemiological data to provide valuable evidence supporting an increased risk of autoimmune disorders in people with GA.
ROS-scavenging lipid-based liquid crystalline as a favorable stem cell extracellular vesicles delivery vector to promote wound healing
Authors: Lijun Li, Ying Wang, Yuqi Xu, Jian Xu, Yanqi Zhao, Zijian Cheng, Yuelin Fang, Yunqiu Miao, Xinxin Zhang
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2024)