tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Maternal Vaccine Effectiveness Against Influenza-Associated Hospitalizations and Emergency Department Visits in Infants
Authors: Leila C. Sahni, Samantha M. Olson, Natasha B. Halasa, Laura S. Stewart, Marian G. Michaels, John V. Williams, Janet A. Englund, Eileen J. Klein, Mary A. Staat, Elizabeth P. Schlaudecker, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Jennifer E. Schuster, Geoffrey A. Weinberg, Peter G. Szilagyi, Julie A. Boom, Manish M. Patel, Flor M. Muñoz, Monica McNeal, Chelsea Rohlfs, Miranda Howard, Vasanthi Avadhanula, Pedro A. Piedra, Christopher J. Harrison, Mary E. Moffat, Gina M. Weddle, Robert W. Hickey, Judith M. Martin, Kirsten Lacombe, Hanna Schlaack, Bonnie Strelitz
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2023)

Influenza virus infection during pregnancy is associated with severe maternal disease and may be associated with adverse birth outcomes. Inactivated influenza vaccine during pregnancy is safe and effective and can protect young infants, but recent evidence, particularly after the 2009 novel influenza A (H1N1) pandemic, is limited.
Influenza Vaccination in Pregnancy—Rolling Up Sleeves for Pregnant Persons and Infants
Authors: Matthew J. Zuber, April Miller, Katherine A. Poehling
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Precision microbial intervention improves social behavior but not autism severity: A pilot double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Luigi Mazzone, Sean W. Dooling, Elisabetta Volpe, Mirko Uljarević, Jillian L. Waters, Andrea Sabatini, Lucrezia Arturi, Roberta Abate, Assia Riccioni, Martina Siracusano, Marcela Pereira, Lars Engstrand, Fernanda Cristofori, Domenico Adduce, Ruggiero Francavilla, Mauro Costa-Mattioli, Antonio Y. Hardan
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2023)
Cytolethal distending toxin B inoculation leads to distinct gut microtypes and IBS-D-like microRNA-mediated gene expression changes in a rodent model
Authors: Gabriela Leite, Juliana de Freitas Germano, Walter Morales, Stacy Weitsman, Gillian M Barlow, Gonzalo Parodi, Maya L Pimentel, Maria Jesus Villanueva-Millan, Maritza Sanchez, Sarah Ayyad, Ali Rezaie, Ruchi Mathur, Mark Pimentel
Journal: Gut Microbes (2023)

Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D), associated with increased intestinal permeability, inflammation, and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, can be triggered by acute gastroenteritis. Cytolethal distending toxin B (CdtB) is produced by gastroenteritis-causing pathogens and may underlie IBS-D development, through molecular mimicry with vinculin. Here, we examine the effects of exposure to CdtB alone on gut microbiome composition, host intestinal gene expression, and IBS-D-like phenotypes in a rat model. CdtB-inoculated rats exhibited increased anti-CdtB levels, which correlated with increased stool wet weights, pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL2) and predicted microbial metabolic pathways including inflammatory responses, TNF responses, and diarrhea. Three distinct ileal microbiome profiles (microtypes) were identified in CdtB-inoculated rats. The first microtype (most like controls) had altered relative abundance (RA) of genera Bifidobacterium, Lactococcus, and Rothia. The second had lower microbial diversity, higher Escherichia-Shigella RA, higher absolute E. coli abundance, and altered host ileal tissue expression of immune-response and TNF-response genes compared to controls. The third microtype had higher microbial diversity, higher RA of hydrogen sulfide (H2S)-producer Desulfovibrio, and increased expression of H2S-associated pain/serotonin response genes. All CdtB-inoculated rats exhibited decreased ileal expression of cell junction component mRNAs, including vinculin-associated proteins. Significantly, cluster-specific microRNA-mRNA interactions controlling intestinal permeability, visceral hypersensitivity/pain, and gastrointestinal motility genes, including several previously associated with IBS were seen. These findings demonstrate that exposure to CdtB toxin alone results in IBS-like phenotypes including inflammation and diarrhea-like stool, decreased expression of intestinal barrier components, and altered ileal microtypes that influenced changes in microRNA-modulated gene expression and predicted metabolic pathways consistent with specific IBS-D symptoms.
Author Correction: A second-generation M1-polarized CAR macrophage with antitumor efficacy
Authors: Anhua Lei, Hua Yu, Shan Lu, Hengxing Lu, Xizhong Ding, Tianyu Tan, Hailing Zhang, Mengmeng Zhu, Lin Tian, Xudong Wang, Siyu Su, Dixuan Xue, Shaolong Zhang, Wei Zhao, Yuge Chen, Wanrun Xie, Li Zhang, Yuqing Zhu, Jing Zhao, Wenhong Jiang, George Church, Francis Ka-Ming Chan, Zhihua Gao, Jin Zhang
Journal: Nature Immunology (2023)
Quantitative thresholds for variant enrichment in 13,845 cases: improving pathogenicity classification in genetic hearing loss
Authors: Sihan Liu, Mingjun Zhong, Yu Huang, Qian Zhang, Ting Chen, Xiaofei Xu, Wan Peng, Xiaolu Wang, Xiaoshu Feng, Lu Kang, Yu Lu, Jing Cheng, Fengxiao Bu, Huijun Yuan
Journal: Genome Medicine (2023)

Abstract Background The American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG)/Association for Molecular Pathology (AMP) guidelines recommend using variant enrichment among cases as "strong" evidence for pathogenicity per the PS4 criterion. However, quantitative support for PS4 thresholds from real-world Mendelian case–control cohorts is lacking. Methods To address this gap, we evaluated and established PS4 thresholds using data from the Chinese Deafness Genetics Consortium. A total of 9,050 variants from 13,845 patients with hearing loss (HL) and 6,570 ancestry-matched controls were analyzed. Positive likelihood ratio and local positive likelihood ratio values were calculated to determine the thresholds corresponding to each strength of evidence across three variant subsets. Results In subset 1, consisting of variants present in both cases and controls with an allele frequency (AF) in cases ≥ 0.0005, an odds ratio (OR) ≥ 6 achieved strong evidence, while OR ≥ 3 represented moderate evidence. For subset 2, which encompassed variants present in both cases and controls with a case AF &lt; 0.0005, and subset 3, comprising variants found only in cases and absent from controls, we defined the PS4_Supporting threshold (OR &gt; 2.27 or allele count ≥ 3) and the PS4_Moderate threshold (allele count ≥ 6), respectively. Reanalysis applying the adjusted PS4 criteria changed the classification of 15 variants and enabled diagnosis of an additional four patients. Conclusions Our study quantified evidence strength thresholds for variant enrichment in genetic HL cases, highlighting the importance of defining disease/gene-specific thresholds to improve the precision and accuracy of clinical genetic testing.
Geometry of visuospatial working memory information in miniature gaze patterns
Authors: Juan Linde-Domingo, Bernhard Spitzer
Journal: Nature Human Behaviour (2023)

Stimulus-dependent eye movements have been recognized as a potential confound in decoding visual working memory information from neural signals. Here we combined eye-tracking with representational geometry analyses to uncover the information in miniature gaze patterns while participants (n = 41) were cued to maintain visual object orientations. Although participants were discouraged from breaking fixation by means of real-time feedback, small gaze shifts (<1°) robustly encoded the to-be-maintained stimulus orientation, with evidence for encoding two sequentially presented orientations at the same time. The orientation encoding on stimulus presentation was object-specific, but it changed to a more object-independent format during cued maintenance, particularly when attention had been temporarily withdrawn from the memorandum. Finally, categorical reporting biases increased after unattended storage, with indications of biased gaze geometries already emerging during the maintenance periods before behavioural reporting. These findings disclose a wealth of information in gaze patterns during visuospatial working memory and indicate systematic changes in representational format when memory contents have been unattended.
Comparing tocilizumab biosimilar BAT1806/BIIB800 with reference tocilizumab in patients with moderate-to-severe rheumatoid arthritis with an inadequate response to methotrexate: a phase 3, randomised, multicentre, double-blind, active-controlled clinical trial
Authors: Xiaomei Leng, Piotr Leszczyński, Sławomir Jeka, Sheng-Yun Liu, Huaxiang Liu, Małgorzata Miakisz, Jieruo Gu, Lali Kilasonia, Mykola Stanislavchuk, Xiaolei Yang, Yinbo Zhou, Qingfeng Dong, Mourad Rezk, Marian Mitroiu, Janet Addison, Xiaofeng Zeng
Journal: The Lancet Rheumatology (2023)
Hip-focused physical therapy versus spine-focused physical therapy for older adults with chronic low back pain at risk for mobility decline (MASH): a multicentre, single-masked, randomised controlled trial
Authors: Gregory E Hicks, Steven Z George, Jenifer M Pugliese, Peter C Coyle, J Megan Sions, Sara Piva, Corey B Simon, Joseph Kakyomya, Charity G Patterson
Journal: The Lancet Rheumatology (2023)
Correction: Multi-modal proteomic characterization of lysosomal function and proteostasis in progranulin-deficient neurons
Authors: Saadia Hasan, Michael S. Fernandopulle, Stewart W. Humble, Ashley M. Frankenfield, Haorong Li, Ryan Prestil, Kory R. Johnson, Brent J. Ryan, Richard Wade-Martins, Michael E. Ward, Ling Hao
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2023)
Return to Sender
Authors: Jack Coulehan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2023)

Ad LibitumDecember 2023Return to SenderJack Coulehan, MDJack Coulehan, MDCenter for Medical Humanities, Compassionate Care, and Bioethics at Stony Brook University Stony Brook, New YorkSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M23-1759 Audio Reading - “Return to Sender” Supplement. Audio. Virginia L. Hood, MD, a physician from the University of Vermont, reads “Return to Sender” by Jack Coulehan Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail My friend returned a letter I sent himthe year a giant step was takenfor mankind. Now retired, he found itpressed between pages of Three Essayson the Theory of Sex, a book he wasabout to toss in cutting his office downto bare essentials. Quips about patientsI’d cared for, complaints about suffering(mine), and tirades against the war,typed single-spaced at night with smearylowercase e’s and partially absent a’s.Manic. Immature. He said he thoughtI’d enjoy reading a piece of internshipthat had spent fifty years in Freud’s bookon sex, which he must have been reading,while I fell asleep over Agatha ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Jack Coulehan, MDAffiliations: Center for Medical Humanities, Compassionate Care, and Bioethics at Stony Brook University Stony Brook, New YorkCorresponding Author: Jack Coulehan, MD; e-mail, john.coulehan@stonybrookmedicine.edu. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Audio Reading - “Return to Sender” Supplement. Audio. Virginia L. Hood, MD, a physician from the University of Vermont, reads “Return to Sender” by Jack Coulehan Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Current Issue December 2023Volume 176, Issue 12 Page: 1690 ePublished: 19 December 2023 Issue Published: December 2023 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2023 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Cumulative Incidence of Thiazide-Induced Hyponatremia
Authors: Niklas Worm Andersson, Jan Wohlfahrt, Bjarke Feenstra, Anders Hviid, Mads Melbye, Marie Lund
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2023)

Background: According to drug labels, the frequency of thiazide-induced hyponatremia is unknown or uncommon to very rare (that is, <1 in 10 000 to <1 in 100), but the exact burden remains unclear. Objective: To estimate the increase in the cumulative incidence of hyponatremia using thiazide diuretics compared with nonthiazide antihypertensive drugs in routine clinical practice. Design: Population and register-based cohort study using target trial emulation. Setting: Denmark, 1 January 2014 to 31 October 2018. Participants: Two target trials were emulated among persons aged 40 years or older who had no recent prescription for any antihypertensive drug, had no previous hyponatremia, and were eligible for the studied antihypertensive treatments. The first target trial emulation compared new use of bendroflumethiazide (BFZ) versus a calcium-channel blocker (CCB). The second target trial emulation compared new use of hydrochlorothiazide plus a renin–angiotensin system inhibitor (HCTZ–RASi; that is, combination pill) versus a RASi alone. Measurements: Two-year cumulative incidences of sodium levels less than 130 mmol/L using stabilized inverse probability of treatment–weighted survival curves. Results: The study compared 37 786 new users of BFZ with 44 963 of a CCB and 11 943 new users of HCTZ–RASi with 85 784 of a RASi. The 2-year cumulative incidences of hyponatremia were 3.83% for BFZ and 3.51% for HCTZ–RASi. The risk differences were 1.35% (95% CI, 1.04% to 1.66%) between BFZ and CCB and 1.38% (CI, 1.01% to 1.75%) between HCTZ–RASi and RASi; risk differences were higher with older age and higher comorbidity burden. The respective hazard ratios were 3.56 (CI, 2.76 to 4.60) and 4.25 (CI, 3.23 to 5.59) during the first 30 days since treatment initiation and 1.26 (CI, 1.09 to 1.46) and 1.29 (CI, 1.05 to 1.58) after 1 year. Limitation: The study assumed that filled prescriptions equaled drug use, and residual confounding is likely. Conclusion: Treatment initiation with thiazide diuretics suggests a more substantial excess risk for hyponatremia, particularly during the first months of treatment, than indicated by drug labeling. Primary Funding Source: Independent Research Fund Denmark.
HIV Testing and Preexposure Prophylaxis Prescriptions Among U.S. Commercially Insured Transgender Men and Women, 2014 to 2021
Authors: Ya-Lin A. Huang, Asa Radix, Weiming Zhu, Anne A. Kimball, Evelyn J. Olansky, Karen W. Hoover
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2023)

Background: Transgender persons are disproportionately affected by HIV, but preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use has been low in this population. Clinical encounters for gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) provide opportunities for HIV prevention. Objective: To estimate the number of commercially insured transgender women (TGW) and transgender men (TGM) in the United States and their use of HIV prevention services. Design: Retrospective analysis of secondary data. Setting: Merative MarketScan commercial databases from 2014 to 2021. Participants: TGW and TGM, defined as those with transgender-related diagnoses and prescriptions for feminizing or masculinizing GAHT. Measurements: HIV testing and PrEP use. Results: A substantially increasing trend was observed in the prevalence of transgender-related diagnosis codes from 2014 to 2021 and in the proportion of persons who used GAHT. The increases were driven by persons aged 18 to 34 years. In 2021, among 10 613 TGW with a test for or a diagnosis of a sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the previous 12 months, 61.1% had an HIV test; among those, 20.2% were prescribed PrEP. Among 4184 TGM with STI risk, 48.3% had an HIV test; among those, 10.2% were prescribed PrEP. The prevalence of TGW and TGM who had a test for or a diagnosis of an STI, had an HIV test, and were prescribed PrEP increased substantially from 2014 to 2021. Limitation: The findings represent only persons with commercial health insurance who sought health care services for GAHT. Conclusion: It is important to identify transgender persons to monitor their receipt of HIV prevention services. Encounters for GAHT provide opportunities to offer HIV prevention and other prevention services. Many HIV prevention opportunities were likely missed at clinical encounters for GAHT. Primary Funding Source: None.
Under the Stalactite the Stalagmite Grows
Authors: Daniel Bosch
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2023)

Ad LibitumDecember 2023Under the Stalactite the Stalagmite GrowsDaniel BoschDaniel BoschAtlanta, GeorgiaSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M23-1732 Audio Reading - “Under the Stalactite the Stalagmite Grows” Supplement. Audio. Michael A. Lacombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads “Under the Stalactite the Stalagmite Grows” by Daniel Bosch Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Doubt upon doubt upon doubt about love?See above. See above. See above. See above. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Daniel BoschAffiliations: Atlanta, GeorgiaCorresponding Author: Daniel Bosch; e-mail, danielhbosch@gmail.com. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Audio Reading - “Under the Stalactite the Stalagmite Grows” Supplement. Audio. Michael A. Lacombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads “Under the Stalactite the Stalagmite Grows” by Daniel Bosch Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Current Issue December 2023Volume 176, Issue 12 Page: 1679 ePublished: 19 December 2023 Issue Published: December 2023 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2023 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Altitudes and Hemoglobin A1c Values: An Analysis Based on Two Nationwide Cross-sectional Studies
Authors: Ruizhi Zheng, Yu Xu, Mian Li, Long Wang, Jieli Lu, Tiange Wang, Min Xu, Zhiyun Zhao, Jie Zheng, Meng Dai, Di Zhang, Yuhong Chen, Shuangyuan Wang, Hong Lin, Weiqing Wang, Guang Ning, Yufang Bi
Journal: Diabetes Care (2023)
Niraparib plus Dostarlimab in Pleural Mesothelioma or Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Harboring <i>HRR</i> Mutations: Interim Results of the UNITO-001 Phase II Prospective Trial
Authors: Francesco Passiglia, Luisella Righi, Paolo Bironzo, Angela Listì, Giovanni Farinea, Enrica Capelletto, Silvia Novello, Alessandra Merlini, Giorgio V. Scagliotti
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2023)

Treatment of homologous recombination repair-deficient (HRD)-tumors with PARP inhibitors has the potential to further increase tumor immunogenicity, suggesting a synergistic effect with immunotherapy. Here we present the preliminary results of niraparib in combination with dostarlimab for pleural mesothelioma (PM) or non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring HRR mutations.
CD46-Targeted Theranostics for PET and 225Ac-Radiopharmaceutical Therapy of Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Anju Wadhwa, Sinan Wang, Bonell Patiño-Escobar, Anil P. Bidkar, Kondapa Naidu Bobba, Emily Chan, Niranjan Meher, Scott Bidlingmaier, Yang Su, Suchi Dhrona, Huimin Geng, Vishesh Sarin, Henry F. VanBrocklin, David M. Wilson, Jiang He, Li Zhang, Veronica Steri, Sandy W. Wong, Thomas G. Martin, Youngho Seo, Bin Liu, Arun P. Wiita, Robert R. Flavell
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2023)

Abstract Purpose: Multiple myeloma is a plasma cell malignancy with an unmet clinical need for improved imaging methods and therapeutics. Recently, we identified CD46 as an overexpressed therapeutic target in multiple myeloma and developed the antibody YS5, which targets a cancer-specific epitope on this protein. We further developed the CD46-targeting PET probe [89Zr]Zr-DFO-YS5 for imaging and [225Ac]Ac-DOTA-YS5 for radiopharmaceutical therapy of prostate cancer. These prior studies suggested the feasibility of the CD46 antigen as a theranostic target in multiple myeloma. Herein, we validate [89Zr]Zr-DFO-YS5 for immunoPET imaging and [225Ac]Ac-DOTA-YS5 for radiopharmaceutical therapy of multiple myeloma in murine models. Experimental Design: In vitro saturation binding was performed using the CD46 expressing MM.1S multiple myeloma cell line. ImmunoPET imaging using [89Zr]Zr-DFO-YS5 was performed in immunodeficient (NSG) mice bearing subcutaneous and systemic multiple myeloma xenografts. For radioligand therapy, [225Ac]Ac-DOTA-YS5 was prepared, and both dose escalation and fractionated dose treatment studies were performed in mice bearing MM1.S-Luc systemic xenografts. Tumor burden was analyzed using BLI, and body weight and overall survival were recorded to assess antitumor effect and toxicity. Results: [89Zr]Zr-DFO-YS5 demonstrated high affinity for CD46 expressing MM.1S multiple myeloma cells (Kd = 16.3 nmol/L). In vitro assays in multiple myeloma cell lines demonstrated high binding, and bioinformatics analysis of human multiple myeloma samples revealed high CD46 expression. [89Zr]Zr-DFO-YS5 PET/CT specifically detected multiple myeloma lesions in a variety of models, with low uptake in controls, including CD46 knockout (KO) mice or multiple myeloma mice using a nontargeted antibody. In the MM.1S systemic model, localization of uptake on PET imaging correlated well with the luciferase expression from tumor cells. A treatment study using [225Ac]Ac-DOTA-YS5 in the MM.1S systemic model demonstrated a clear tumor volume and survival benefit in the treated groups. Conclusions: Our study showed that the CD46-targeted probe [89Zr]Zr-DFO-YS5 can successfully image CD46-expressing multiple myeloma xenografts in murine models, and [225Ac]Ac-DOTA-YS5 can effectively inhibit the growth of multiple myeloma. These results demonstrate that CD46 is a promising theranostic target for multiple myeloma, with the potential for clinical translation.