tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A comprehensive review of the new FIGO classification of ovulatory disorders
Authors: Adam H Balen, Jennifer Tamblyn, Karolina Skorupskaite, Malcolm G Munro
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (2024)

Abstract BACKGROUND The World Health Organization (WHO) system for the classification of disorders of ovulation was produced 50 years ago and, by international consensus, has been updated by the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO). OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE This review outlines in detail each component of the FIGO HyPO-P (hypothalamic, pituitary, ovarian, PCOS) classification with a concise description of each cause, and thereby provides a systematic method for diagnosis and management. SEARCH METHODS We searched the published articles in the PubMed database in the English-language literature until October 2022, containing the keywords ovulatory disorders; ovulatory dysfunction; anovulation, and each subheading in the FIGO HyPO-P classification. We did not include abstracts or conference proceedings because the data are usually difficult to assess. OUTCOMES We present the most comprehensive review of all disorders of ovulation, published systematically according to the logical FIGO classification. WIDER IMPLICATIONS Improving the diagnosis of an individual’s ovulatory dysfunction will significantly impact clinical practice by enabling healthcare practitioners to make a precise diagnosis and plan appropriate management.
Correcting the scientific record on abortion and mental health outcomes
Authors: Julia H Littell, Kathryn M Abel, M Antonia Biggs, Robert W Blum, Diana Greene Foster, Lisa B Haddad, Brenda Major, Trine Munk-Olsen, Chelsea B Polis, Gail Erlick Robinson, Corinne H Rocca, Nancy Felipe Russo, Julia R Steinberg, Donna E Stewart, Nada Logan Stotland, Ushma D Upadhyay, Jenneke van Ditzhuijzen
Journal: BMJ (2024)

<b>Julia Littell and colleagues</b> argue that better adherence to ethical standards for correction or retraction of unreliable publications is essential to avoid harmful effects on public policy, clinical practice, and public health
Highly Potent Cationic Chitosan Derivatives Coupled to Antimicrobial Peptide Dendrimers to Combat <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>
Authors: Olivier Jordan, Bee Ha Gan, Sari Alwan, Karl Perron, Emmanuelle Sublet, Verena Ducret, Hua Ye, Gerrit Borchard, Jean‐Louis Reymond, Viorica Patrulea
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Abstract The burden of bacterial wound infections has considerably increased due to antibiotic resistance to most of the currently available antimicrobial drugs. Herein, for the first time, a chemical coupling of two cationic N ‐aryl (pyridyl and aminocinnamyl) chitosan derivatives to antimicrobial peptide dendrimers (AMPDs) of different generations (first, second, and third) via thioether‐haloacetyl reaction is reported. The new chitosan‐AMPD conjugates show high selectivity by killing Pseudomonas aeruginosa and very low toxicity toward mammalian cells, as well as extremely low hemolysis to red blood cells. Electron microscopy reveals that the new chitosan derivatives coupled to AMPD destroy both the inner and outer membranes of Gram‐negative P. aeruginosa . Moreover, chitosan‐AMPD conjugates show synergetic effects within extremely low concentrations. The new chitosan‐AMPD conjugates can be used as potent antimicrobial therapeutic agents, to eradicate pathogens such as those present in acute and chronic infected wounds.
Topical Diclofenac for Prevention of Capecitabine-Associated Hand-Foot Syndrome: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Akhil Santhosh, Atul Sharma, Sameer Bakhshi, Akash Kumar, Vinod Sharma, Prabhat Singh Malik, Raja Pramanik, Ajay Gogia, Chandra Prakash Prasad, Tushar Sehgal, Sneha Gund, Arundhathi Dev, Winson Y. Cheung, R.M. Pandey, Saran Kumar, Ishaan Gupta, Atul Batra
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2024)

Hand-foot syndrome (HFS) is a dose-limiting side effect of capecitabine. Celecoxib prevents HFS by inhibiting cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) that is upregulated because of the underlying associated inflammation. However, systemic side effects of celecoxib have limited routine prescription. Topical diclofenac inhibits COX-2 locally with minimal risk of systemic adverse events. Therefore, we conducted this study to assess the efficacy of topical diclofenac in the prevention of capecitabine-induced HFS.
Circulating MicroRNA as Biomarkers of Anthracycline-Induced Cardiotoxicity
Authors: Hanne M. Boen, Martina Cherubin, Constantijn Franssen, Andreas B. Gevaert, Isabel Witvrouwen, Matthias Bosman, Pieter-Jan Guns, Hein Heidbuchel, Bart Loeys, Maaike Alaerts, Emeline M. Van Craenenbroeck
Journal: JACC CardioOncology (2024)

Close monitoring for cardiotoxicity during anthracycline chemotherapy is crucial for early diagnosis and therapy guidance. Currently, monitoring relies on cardiac imaging and serial measurement of cardiac biomarkers like cardiac troponin and natriuretic peptides. However, these conventional biomarkers are nonspecific indicators of cardiac damage. Exploring new, more specific biomarkers with a clear link to the underlying pathomechanism of cardiotoxicity holds promise for increased specificity and sensitivity in detecting early anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity. miRNAs (microRNAs), small single-stranded, noncoding RNA sequences involved in epigenetic regulation, influence various physiological and pathological processes by targeting expression and translation. Emerging as new biomarker candidates, circulating miRNAs exhibit resistance to degradation and offer a direct pathomechanistic link. This review comprehensively outlines their potential as early biomarkers for cardiotoxicity and their pathomechanistic link.
Management of Treatment Resistance in Patients With Advanced Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor–Mutated Lung Cancer: Personalization, Parsimony, and Partnership
Authors: Andrew J. Piper Vallillo, Hollis Viray, Jill Feldman, Deepa Rangachari
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2024)

The Oncology Grand Rounds series is designed to place original reports published in the Journal into clinical context. A case presentation is followed by a description of diagnostic and management challenges, a review of the relevant literature, and a summary of the authors’ suggested management approaches. The goal of this series is to help readers better understand how to apply the results of key studies, including those published in Journal of Clinical Oncology , to patients seen in their own clinical practice. Patients with epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR)–mutated advanced non–small-cell lung cancer represent a distinct subgroup of individuals who can experience initially tolerable and durable effects with first-line EGFR-directed tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Unfortunately, acquired treatment resistance and cancer progression within the CNS are inevitable during the disease course and present a challenging transition in the care continuum. Next-line therapies generally require combinations of drugs and afford nuanced differences in clinical outcomes relative to the treatment experience, toxicity profile, and quality of life. Therapeutic stratification and modulation thus require further personalization and partnership with patients to identify key clinical, molecular, and human-specific factors to best guide optimal care.
Primary Tumor Resection Before Systemic Therapy in Patients With Colon Cancer and Unresectable Metastases: Combined Results of the SYNCHRONOUS and CCRe-IV Trials
Authors: Nuh N. Rahbari, Sebastiano Biondo, Ricardo Frago, Manuel Feißt, Esther Kreisler, Inga Rossion, Monica Serrano, Dirk Jäger, Monika Lehmann, Florian Sommer, Axel Dignass, Claus Bolling, Ilka Vogel, Ulrich Bork, Markus W. Büchler, Gunnar Folprecht, Meinhard Kieser, Florian Lordick, Jürgen Weitz, P.B. Paty, R. Hermann, C. Schmoor
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2024)

Chemotherapy is established as primary treatment in patients with stage IV colorectal cancer and unresectable metastases. Data from nonrandomized clinical trials have fueled persistent uncertainty if primary tumor resection (PTR) before chemotherapy prolongs survival. We investigated the prognostic value of PTR in patients with newly diagnosed stage IV colon cancer who were not amenable to curative treatment.
First-Pass Kinetics Model to Estimate Pulmonary Perfusion by Electrical Impedance Tomography During Uninterrupted Breathing
Authors: Marcus Victor, Yi Xin, Glasiele Alcala, Timothy Gaulton, Eduardo Costa, Tilo Winkler, Lorenzo Berra, Marcelo Amato, Maurizio Cereda
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2024)
Improving Rural Clinical Trial Enrollment: Recommendations From the Rural Health Working Group of the Alliance Clinical Trials Network
Authors: Nicole L. Stout, Daniel Nikcevich, Tara O. Henderson, Preston Steen, Matthias Weiss, Steven Ades, Tammie Mlodozyniec, Amy Koffarnus, Betsy Barnick, Electra D. Paskett, Iddrisu Adam, Timothy Adams, Jeffrey Allen, Allison Anbari, Elizabeth Anderson, Jennifer Anderson, Jane Armer, Sonikpreet Aulakh, Anne Blaes, Carly Bye, Kate Castro, Mohamad Cherry, Jessica Cintolo-Gonzalez, Ashley Clodfelder, Deborah Collyar, Shaker R. Dakhil, Amanda Dinsdale, Konstantin Dragnev, Tamara Fischer, Kelly Hirko, Heather Kehn, Farrah Khan, Beth Knetter, Michele M. Lacy, Minji Lee, Benjamin Marchello, Devon Noonan, Izumi Okado, Scott Okuno, Tracy Onega, Elizabeth Pantoja, Jessica Schumacher, Rebecca Snyder, Christopher Strouse, Marie Wood, Kathleen Yost
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2024)
Design and Control of the Magnetically Actuated Micro/Nanorobot Swarm toward Biomedical Applications
Authors: Lu Lu, Hongqiao Zhao, Yucong Lu, Yuxuan Zhang, Xinran Wang, Chengjuan Fan, Zesheng Li, Zhiguang Wu
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Recently, magnetically actuated micro/nanorobots hold extensive promises in biomedical applications due to their advantages of noninvasiveness, fuel-free operation, and programmable nature. While effectively promised in various fields such as targeted delivery, most past investigations are mainly displayed in magnetic control of individual micro/nanorobots. Facing practical medical use, the micro/nanorobots are required for the development of swarm control in a closed-loop control manner. This review outlines the recent developments in magnetic micro/nanorobot swarms, including their actuating fundamentals, designs, controls, and biomedical applications. The fundamental principles and interactions involved in the formation of magnetic micro/nanorobot swarms are discussed first. The recent advances in the design of artificial and biohybrid micro/nanorobot swarms, along with the control devices and methods used for swarm manipulation, are presented. Furthermore, biomedical applications that have the potential to achieve clinical application are introduced, such as imaging-guided therapy, targeted delivery, embolization, and biofilm eradication. By addressing the potential challenges discussed toward the end of this review, magnetic micro/nanorobot swarms hold promise for clinical treatments in the future.
Nanotopology‐Enabled On‐Site Pathogen Detection for Managing Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Seongeun Kim, Younseong Song, Jueun Kim, Booseok Jeong, Nahyun Park, Yoo Min Park, Yong Tae Kim, Donggee Rho, Seok Jae Lee, Bong Gill Choi, Sung Gap Im, Kyoung G. Lee
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Atopic dermatitis (AD), a prevalent skin condition often complicated by microbial infection, poses a significant challenge in identifying the responsible pathogen for its effective management. However, a reliable, safe tool for pinpointing the source of these infections remains elusive. In this study, a novel on-site pathogen detection that combines chemically functionalized nanotopology with genetic analysis is proposed to capture and analyze pathogens closely associated with severe atopic dermatitis. The chemically functionalized nanotopology features a 3D hierarchical nanopillar array (HNA) with a functional polymer coating, tailored to isolate target pathogens from infected skin. This innovative nanotopology demonstrates superior pathogenic capture efficiency, favorable entrapment patterns, and non-cytotoxicity. An HNA-assembled stick is utilized to directly retrieve bacteria from infected skin samples, followed by extraction-free quantitative loop-mediated isothermal amplification (direct qLAMP) for validation. To mimic human skin conditions, porcine skin is employed to successfully capture Staphylococcus aureus, a common bacterium exacerbating AD cases. The on-site detection method exhibits an impressive detection limit of 10
The hospital at home in the USA: current status and future prospects
Authors: Jay A. Pandit, Jeff B. Pawelek, Bruce Leff, Eric J. Topol
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2024)

Abstract The annual cost of hospital care services in the US has risen to over $1 trillion despite relatively worse health outcomes compared to similar nations. These trends accentuate a growing need for innovative care delivery models that reduce costs and improve outcomes. HaH—a program that provides patients acute-level hospital care at home—has made significant progress over the past two decades. Technological advancements in remote patient monitoring, wearable sensors, health information technology infrastructure, and multimodal health data processing have contributed to its rise across hospitals. More recently, the COVID-19 pandemic brought HaH into the mainstream, especially in the US, with reimbursement waivers that made the model financially acceptable for hospitals and payors. However, HaH continues to face serious challenges to gain widespread adoption. In this review, we evaluate the peer-reviewed evidence and discuss the promises, challenges, and what it would take to tap into the future potential of HaH.
The Role of Neighborhood Air Pollution in Disparate Racial and Ethnic Asthma Acute Care Use
Authors: Sarah E. Chambliss, Elizabeth C. Matsui, Rebecca A Zàrate, Corwin M. Zigler
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2024)

The share of Black or Latinx residents in a census tract remains associated with asthma-related emergency department (ED) visit rates after controlling for socioeconomic factors. The extent to which evident disparities relate to the within-city heterogeneity of long-term air pollution exposure remains unclear.
Citrate Improves Biomimetic Mineralization Induced by Polyelectrolyte–Cation Complexes Using PAsp‐Ca&amp;Mg Complexes
Authors: Dong‐Ni Shen, Yue‐Dan Xu, Cheng He, Zi‐Huai Zhou, Hai‐Hua Zhu, Ying Shi, Meng‐Fei Yu, Jian Hu, Bai‐Ping Fu
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2024)

Magnesium ions are highly enriched in early stage of biological mineralization of hard tissues. Paradoxically, hydroxyapatite (HAp) crystallization is inhibited significantly by high concentration of magnesium ions. The mechanism to regulate magnesium-doped biomimetic mineralization of collagen fibrils has never been fully elucidated. Herein, it is revealed that citrate can bioinspire the magnesium-stabilized mineral precursors to generate magnesium-doped biomimetic mineralization as follows: Citrate can enhance the electronegativity of collagen fibrils by its absorption to fibrils via hydrogen bonds. Afterward, electronegative collagen fibrils can attract highly concentrated electropositive polyaspartic acid-Ca&Mg (PAsp-Ca&Mg) complexes followed by phosphate solution via strong electrostatic attraction. Meanwhile, citrate adsorbed in/on fibrils can eliminate mineralization inhibitory effects of magnesium ions by breaking hydration layer surrounding magnesium ions and thus reduce dehydration energy barrier for rapid fulfillment of biomimetic mineralization. The remineralized demineralized dentin with magnesium-doped HAp possesses antibacterial ability, and the mineralization mediums possess excellent biocompatibility via cytotoxicity and oral mucosa irritation tests. This strategy shall shed light on cationic ions-doped biomimetic mineralization with antibacterial ability via modifying collagen fibrils and eliminating mineralization inhibitory effects of some cationic ions, as well as can excite attention to the neglected multiple regulations of small biomolecules, such as citrate, during biomineralization process.
Aerobic exercise interventions for promoting cardiovascular health and mobility after stroke: a systematic review with Bayesian network meta-analysis
Authors: Kevin Moncion, Lynden Rodrigues, Elise Wiley, Kenneth S Noguchi, Ahmed Negm, Julie Richardson, Maureen Jane MacDonald, Marc Roig, Ada Tang
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2024)

Objective To determine the superiority of aerobic exercise (AE) interventions on key outcomes of stroke recovery, including cardiorespiratory fitness (V̇O 2 peak, primary outcome), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and mobility (6 min Walk Test (6MWT) distance and 10 m Usual Gait Speed) after stroke. Data sources MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, CINAHL, CENTRAL, SPORTDiscus, PsycINFO and AMED Allied and Complementary Medicine were searched from inception to February 2023. Eligibility criteria Randomised controlled trials were included that compared the effects of any AE interventions (low-intensity, moderate-intensity, high-intensity continuous training (HICT), high-intensity interval training (HIIT)) to no exercise, usual care or other AE interventions in individuals poststroke. Analyses Systematic review with Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA) methodology was employed. Surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) values were used to rank interventions. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation minimally contextualised framework for NMA was followed. Results There were 28 studies (n=1298) included in the NMA for V̇O 2 peak, 11 (n=648) for SBP, 28 (n=1494) for 6MWT and 18 (n=775) for the 10 m Usual Gait Speed. The greatest effect on V̇O 2 peak, 6MWT and 10 m Usual Gait Speed was observed after HIIT and HICT. No differences between interventions were found for SBP. SUCRA values identified HIIT as the superior AE intervention for all outcomes of interest. HIIT was the most effective intervention for improving V̇O 2 peak (2.9 mL/kg/min (95% credible interval 0.8 to 5.0) moderate certainty) compared with usual care. Conclusion This NMA suggests that higher-intensity AE is superior to traditional low-intensity to moderate-intensity AE for improving outcomes after stroke.
Pelvic floor muscle training in female functional fitness exercisers: an assessor-blinded randomised controlled trial
Authors: Kristina Lindquist Skaug, Marie Ellström Engh, Kari Bø
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2024)

Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is common among females during functional fitness training, such as CrossFit. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) on SUI in female functional fitness exercisers.
Shift in perspective: autoimmunity protecting against rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Yibo He, Mike Aoun, Zhongwei Xu, Rikard Holmdahl
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2024)

A hallmark of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the increased levels of autoantibodies preceding the onset and contributing to the classification of the disease. These autoantibodies, mainly anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) and rheumatoid factor, have been assumed to be pathogenic and many attempts have been made to link them to the development of bone erosion, pain and arthritis. We and others have recently discovered that most cloned ACPA protect against experimental arthritis in the mouse. In addition, we have identified suppressor B cells in healthy individuals, selected in response to collagen type II, and these cells decrease in numbers in RA. These findings provide a new angle on how to explain the development of RA and maybe also other complex autoimmune diseases preceded by an increased autoimmune response.
‘You can change your life through sports’—physical activity interventions to improve the health and well-being of adults experiencing homelessness: a mixed-methods systematic review
Authors: Jo Dawes, Raphael Rogans-Watson, Julie Broderick
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2024)

Objectives Systematically synthesise evidence of physical activity interventions for people experiencing homelessness (PEH). Design Mixed-methods systematic review. Data sources EMBASE, Web of Science, CINAHL, PubMed (MEDLINE), PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus and Cochrane Library, searched from inception to October 2022. Eligibility criteria PICO framework: population (quantitative/qualitative studies of PEH from high-income countries); intervention (physical activity); comparison (with/without comparator) and outcome (any health/well-being-related outcome). The risk of bias was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools. Results 3615 records were screened, generating 18 reports (17 studies, 11 qualitative and 6 quantitative (1 randomised controlled trial, 4 quasi-experimental, 1 analytical cross-sectional)) from the UK, USA, Denmark and Australia, including 554 participants (516 PEH, 38 staff). Interventions included soccer (n=7), group exercise (indoor (n=3), outdoor (n=5)) and individual activities (n=2). The risk of bias assessment found study quality to vary; with 6 being high, 6 moderate, 4 low and 1 very low. A mixed-methods synthesis identified physical and mental health benefits. Qualitative evidence highlighted benefits carried into wider life, the challenges of participating and the positive impact of physical activity on addiction. Qualitative and quantitative evidence was aligned demonstrating the mental health benefits of outdoor exercise and increased physical activity from indoor group exercise. Quantitative evidence also suggests improved musculoskeletal health, cardiovascular fitness, postural balance and blood lipid markers (p&lt;0.05). Conclusion Qualitative evidence suggests that physical activity interventions for PEH can benefit health and well-being with positive translation to wider life. There was limited positive quantitative evidence, although most was inconclusive. Although the evidence suggests a potential recommendation for physical activity interventions for PEH, results may not be transferable outside high-income countries. Further research is required to determine the effectiveness and optimal programme design.
Disease activity drives divergent epigenetic and transcriptomic reprogramming of monocyte subpopulations in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Anna Guiomar Ferreté-Bonastre, Mónica Martínez-Gallo, Octavio Morante-Palacios, Celia Lourdes Calvillo, Josep Calafell-Segura, Javier Rodríguez-Ubreva, Manel Esteller, Josefina Cortés-Hernández, Esteban Ballestar
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2024)

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterised by systemic inflammation involving various immune cell types. Monocytes, pivotal in promoting and regulating inflammation in SLE, differentiate from classic monocytes into intermediate and non-classic monocytes, assuming diverse roles and changing their proportions in inflammation. In this study, we investigated the epigenetic and transcriptomic profiles of these and novel monocyte subsets in SLE in relation to activity and progression.