tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Multicenter, phase-III study comparing selenium supplementation with observation in gynecologic radiation oncology
Authors: R. Muecke, M. Glatzel, R. Berndt-Skorka, D. Baaske, B. Reichl, J. Buentzel, G. Kundt, F. Prott, A. de Vries, O. Micke
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

9539 Background: To assess prospectively whether supplementation of selenium [Se] can compensate a pre-existing selenium deficiency and decrease radiation-induced diarrhea in adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) for gynecological cancer. Methods: A prospective, randomized phase III study was conducted across 10 radiotherapy institutions in Germany. Patients [pts.] with cervical (n=10) or uterine (n=72) cancer and whole blood selenium deficiency after curative surgical treatment were randomized before entering radiation therapy [RT] to receive Se (as sodium selenite; selenase) per os (500 mcg on the days of RT and 300 mcg on the days without RT), or observation till the last day of RT. Whole blood selenium levels were measured before RT, after completing 50% of RT and at the end of RT. The primary endpoint was to compensate the selenium deficiency, the secondary endpoint was to decrease radiation-induced diarrhea. The study was approved by the International Ethics Committee in Freiburg, Germany. Results: From 2001–2006, a total of 82 pts. (age: 31–80) were randomized. Of these pts., 39 were in the Se group [SG] and 43 in the control group [CG]. FIGO-stages between the study groups were well balanced. Before RT, the mean selenium level was 65.5 mcg/l (39.6–86.8) in the SG and 64.5 mcg/l (36.9–83.6) in the CG (p=0.481, t-test). At the end of RT, the mean selenium level in the SG was 86.9 mcg/l (59.9–144.9) and in the CG 62.8 mcg/l (36.9–98.3) (p<0.001, t-test). The actuarial incidence of radiation-induced diarrhea of at least CTC 2 was 21.0% (95%CI: 14.4–27.6%) in the SG compared to 46.6% (95%CI: 38.5–54.7%) in the CG (p=0.039, log-rank). After a median follow-up of 38 months (1–72), the actuarial 5-year overall survival rate [OS] was 94.1% (95%CI: 90.1–98.2%) in the SG compared to 86.1% (95%CI: 80.2–92.0%) in the CG (p=0.308, log-rank). During supplementation, no selenium-related side effects were observed. Conclusions: For the first time, the significant benefit of sodium selenite with regard to selenium deficiency and radiotherapy-induced diarrhea in patients with cervical and uterine cancer could be shown in a prospective randomized trial. Overall survival rates show that supplementation of selenium does not interfere with the positive biological effects of RT. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Functional Electrical Stimulation and Rehabilitation Applications of BCIs
Authors: Dawn M. Taylor
Journal: Brain-Computer Interfaces (2008)

Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) is the controlled application of electrical current to the peripheral nerves for the purpose of generating useful muscle contractions in people with nervous system dysfunction. Over the last several decades, many different applications of FES technology have been developed (Figure 6.1), and these can be divided into two main categories. The first category includes those systems that save lives by restoring essential autonomic functions. Probably the most well-known and widespread example of commercial FES technology is the cardiac pacemakers used to reliably activate heart muscles in people with damage to the neural circuitry of the heart. Other commercial technologies, such as the Vocare® system, are used to restore bladder function after spinal cord injury. FES diaphragm-pacing systems have the potential to eliminate need for a ventilator in severely paralyzed individuals. Also, methods to stimulate nerves that coordinate breathing and swallowing reflex pathways are being developed to treat sleep apnea or to facilitate swallowing after stroke.
Courses are available in Lothian
Authors: J. Bury, M. Simmonte, C. Jaquet
Journal: BMJ (1996)

EDITOR,—Edwin Martin comments on the lack of training available for general practitioners who care for drug users.1 This problem has been addressed in Lothian by the development of “primary care facilitation.” The primary care facilitator team works alongside the local drug service to support general practitioners and primary …
Quality and Safety in Health Care, Part III
Authors: Jay A. Harolds
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

A groundbreaking report on safety in health care was the Institute of Medicine publication, To Err is Human. It indicated that there were up to 98,000 deaths per year because of medical errors. This report resulted in major discussions in the media, Congress, and medical circles and had multiple effects on health care. Much greater attention was subsequently spent on patient safety by members of the health-care team, including administrators and researchers. However, a decade and a half later, much still needs to be done.
Abstract 14788: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor-Associated Protein Mediates a Novel Inhibitory Effect on Cardiac Hypertrophy In Vivo
Authors: Kouichi Tamura, Hiromichi Wakui, Toru Dejima, Akinobu Maeda, Masato Ohsawa, Tomohiko Kanaoka, Sona Haku, Atsu-ichiro Shigenaga, Tomoaki Ishigami, Yoshiyuki Toya, Miyuki Matsuda, Satoshi Umemura
Journal: Circulation (2010)

We cloned a novel molecule interacting with angiotensin II type 1 receptor, which we named ATRAP (for angiotensin II type 1 receptor-associated protein). Previous in vitro studies showed that ATRAP...
Abstract 18185: A Proposed Model of the Relationships Between Health Literacy, Self-Care, Self-Efficacy, and Knowledge in Heart Failure
Authors: Aleda M Chen, Karen S Yehle, Nancy Albert, Kenneth F Ferraro, Holly L Mason, Matthew M Murawski, Kimberly S Plake
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Inadequate health literacy may be a barrier in heart failure (HF) education. Prior research suggests that health literacy may influence HF knowledge, self-efficacy and self-care, but this has not been fully examined. The purpose of this study is to model the relationship between health literacy, formal education, knowledge, self-efficacy, and self-care in HF. Hypotheses: H1: Health literacy will be positively associated with HF knowledge and self-efficacy. H2: Health literacy will have indirect effects on self-care through knowledge and self-efficacy. It also will indirectly affect self-efficacy through knowledge. H3: Education will be associated with health literacy and have a direct effect on knowledge. Methods: New patient referrals (N=81, age 62.68 ± 13.55 years) to three HF clinics completed assessments of health literacy (Short-Form Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults), knowledge (HF Knowledge Questionnaire), self-care and self-efficacy (Self-Care of HF Index v.6), and formal education prior to clinic HF education. Structural equation modeling was used to assess the variable relationships. Results: A total of 63 participants with complete data were analyzed. The model demonstrated good fit (Figure 1), with a comparative fit index of 1.000. Although health literacy was associated with more years of formal education, there was an independent effect of health literacy on HF knowledge. Health literacy was not directly- or indirectly-related to self-care. Self-efficacy independently affected self-care. Nearly 34% of the variance in knowledge and 28% of the variance in self-care were explained by the model. Conclusions: Health literacy may influence knowledge attainment in HF. However, health literacy, knowledge, and self-efficacy may not fully explain why patients perform self-care. Future research should examine additional factors that may influence HF self-care, such as motivation to perform self-care and social support.
Abstract 18530: Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Have Worse Persistency with Statin Therapy than with Oral Antihyperglycemic Regimen
Authors: Qiaoyi Zhang, Changgeng Zhao, Michael Davies, Larry Radican, Thomas Seck
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Introduction: Based on treatment guidelines, statin therapy is recommended for almost all patients (pts) with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) to reduce their elevated cardiovascular (CV) risk. Persistence w...
Endoscopic Modification of the Marshall-Marchetti-Krantz Operation
Authors: D. Wallwiener, S. Rimbach, E. M. Grischke, J. Janky, G. Bastert
Journal: Endoscopy (1995)

For operative therapy of urinary stress incontinence the Marshall-Marchetti-Krantz operation has proven successful in up to 80% of cases. With the modifications according to Hirsch (altered suturing technique) and Stolz (all sutures replaced by fibrin sealant), the perioperative complication rate has been markedly reduced. The authors present a new endoscopic modification of the Marshall-Marchetti-Krantz operation, which maintains the principle of vesicourethral suspension using fibrin sealant but avoids extensive incision into the abdominal wall. Based on the concept of minimally invasive surgery, it is replaced by retziusscopy and endoscopic preparation of the cavum retzii.
Abstract 2169: Chronic Intra-cardiac Parasympathetic AV-node Pacing In Goats With Chronic AF To Control Ventricular Rate
Authors: Lilian Kornet, Koen Michels, Arne van Hunnik, Sander Verheule, Alberto Della Scala, Richard Cornelussen
Journal: Circulation (2008)

INTRODUCTION Drug therapy to reduce the ventricular rate during atrial fibrillation (AF) is effective in only 50% of the patients and limited by side effects. Currently available pacing algorithms are even less effective. The aim of this study was to test the feasibility of chronic AV-Node Inhibition (AVNI) by intra-cardiac parasympathetic nerve stimulation. Our ultimate goal is to develop a pacemaker device with a feature to inhibit AV node function to decrease ventricular rate during AF. METHODS Leads were implanted in the right atrial appendage and right ventricular apex and connected to a pacemaker for AF induction. In addition, an atrial lead (’AVNI lead’) connected to an implantable high frequency neurostimulator was implanted at a site with a strong prolongation of the PQ-time. Immediately after implantation optimal settings, optimal location, acute effects of AVNI on ventricular rate and the possible pro-arrhythmic effects of AVNI were assessed. The ’safety window’ for AVNI was defined as the difference between the output at the AVNI lead that produced atrial capture and the output that produced AVNI. One week after implantation, AF was maintained for one week by burst pacing via the lead in the right atrial appendage. After this 2 week period, the chronic effects of AVNI were assessed weekly for periods ranging from 3 weeks to 7 months. RESULTS In total, 5 goats were studied . The optimal location for AVNI was located at the junction of the coronary sinus and inferior vena cava. Optimal AVNI was found at a stimulation frequency of 30Hz and pulse width of 180 μs in each animal. During the implant procedure “a safety window” appeared to be present. However, it became smaller after a longer period of AVNS. The acute effect of AVNI (averaged over the experiments) was a prolongation of the median R-R interval of 37 % (SD = 21%), which was not significantly different from the chronic effect at the end of the study (average = 32% (SD = 18%). CONCLUSIONS Chronic intra-cardiac AV-node inhibition to reduce the ventricular rate during AF is feasible. Atrial pro-arrhythmic effects can be avoided by optimization of the stimulus parameters and location.
Abstract 2985: Impact of PCI in Patients with Recent Onset Severe Angina or Stabilized ACS Treated with Optimal Medical Therapy: a COURAGE Trial High Risk Subset
Authors: David J Maron, John A Spertus, G.B. John Mancini, Pamela M Hartigan, Marcin Dada, Koon K Teo, Robert A O’Rourke, William S Weintraub, William E Boden
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: The COURAGE trial randomized 2,287 patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) to optimal medical therapy (OMT) with or without percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Eligibility criteria allowed entry of patients with recent onset, severe angina and recently stabilized acute coronary syndromes (ACS). We hypothesized that patients with recent onset, severe angina or recently stabilized ACS had higher risk for death or MI, and that this risk was reduced by PCI. Methods: High risk was defined as Canadian Cardiovascular Society class III angina with first onset of symptoms ≤ 2 months prior to enrollment, recently stabilized class IV angina, or recently stabilized ACS not treated with PCI. Persistent class IV angina patients were excluded. Patients were permitted to undergo revascularization during the trial as clinically indicated for unremitting angina or ACS. The chi square test was used for between group comparisons. Results: At baseline, 12% of COURAGE patients were classified as high risk. Within each treatment arm, high risk patients were more likely to suffer death or MI than non-high risk patients (OMT group, 26% vs. 17%, P=0.006; PCI group 24% vs. 18%, P=0.06). There was no significant difference between treatment arms for major cardiovascular events in patients at high risk (see Table ). As observed in the entire COURAGE cohort, revascularization was more frequent in high risk patients randomized to OMT compared with PCI (42% vs. 30%, P=0.04). Outcomes in High Risk Patients Randomized to OMT Alone or OMT + PCI Conclusions: The addition of PCI to OMT as an initial management strategy did not reduce death, MI or other major cardiovascular events in this high risk subset of COURAGE patients with recent onset severe angina or stabilized ACS.
Abstract 14216: Myocyte-Specific Gene Targeting and RNASeq Reveal a Selective Requirement for P300 For Basal Expression of Myh7 and the Induction of Cardiac Hypertrophy After Pressure Overload
Authors: Jing Liu, Sumit Jain, David Willoughby, Nanette H Bishopric
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Acetyltransferase p300 is required for cardiac myocyte-specific gene expression and embryonic growth, and is induced by stress in the adult heart. Objective: To determine the functional...
Abstract P168: Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease with Aspirin: Self-Reported and Validated Aspirin use in a Minnesota Community
Authors: Nicole D Zantek, Russell V Luepker, Sue Duval, Heather LaMarre, John R Finnegan, Kevin A Peterson, Karen Miller, Niki Oldenburg, Alan T Hirsch
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Introduction: Aspirin (ASA) is recommended for the primary prevention (PP) of cardiovascular disease (CVD, defined as a first myocardial infarction or stroke) by the American Heart Association, Centers for Disease Control, and the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Rates of current ASA use for primary prevention of CVD are not well established. Furthermore, self-reported ASA use may be higher than actual use. We thus investigated self-reported and validated ASA use in a Minnesota population. Hypotheses: Current ASA use for primary prevention is low and self-report overestimates actual use. Methods: A population-based telephone survey was conducted of males 45-79 and females 55-79 years of age in a Minnesota community in 2012. Subjects were classified as PP or secondary prevention (SP) based on a history of CVD or previous cardiovascular procedures. Self-reported aspirin use was validated by measurement of serum thromboxane B 2 (sTXB 2 ), a stable metabolite of thromboxane A 2 , measured in a subset (n=54) using the Thromboxane B 2 EIA Kit (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, MI) and reported as median (IQR). Results: A sample of 103 subjects (response rate 56%, age 64±9, 67% male) included both PP (n=74) and SP (n=29) cohorts. Risk factors were prevalent in both PP and SP groups: hypertension (41 vs 62%); diabetes (12 vs. 38%); hyperlipidemia (46 vs 76%); and current smoking (20 vs 23%). Daily aspirin use was reported by 37% of the PP vs. 76% of the SP groups. Within the PP group, most (96%) took aspirin to reduce the risk of CVD events. sTXB 2 levels were 165.6 (18.5, 250.1) ng/mL in aspirin non-users and were 2.8 (0.5, 12.0) ng/mL in self-reported aspirin users. A sTXB 2 cutpoint of 25 ng/mL to validate ASA exposure was associated with a sensitivity of 94% and specificity of 73%. Conclusions: Self-report of ASA use is a valid measure. Use is relatively low in a contemporary primary prevention population.
Abstract 3329: Discontinuation of Antiplatelet Therapy Correlates with Angioscopic Subclinical Thrombus After Sirolimus Eluting Stent Implantation
Authors: Masami Nishino, Shinpei Nakatani, Masahiko Hara, Akihito Hashimoto, Kiyoshi Yamagami, Ken Matsuoka, Hiroyasu Kato, Yasuyuki Egami, Ryu Shutta, Hitoshi Yamaguchi, Kenjiro Tanaka, Jun Tanouchi, Yoshio Yamada
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Although some stent thorombois seems to be correlated with discontinuation of antiplatelet therapy, the suitable duration of antiplatelet therapy after silorimus eluting stent (SES) implantation is unknown. In this study, we evaluated effects of discontinuation of one of dual antiplatelet therapy on angioscopic subclincal thrombus in the patients who received dual antiplatelet therapy after SES implantation. Methods: Six-month follow-up angioscope was performed in 110 consecutive patients with SES implantation. We divided our patients into two groups randomly: the patients who received dual antiplatelet theraphy (aspirin (100mg) and ticlopidine (200mg)/day) until 6-month follow-up angioscope (D-group) and the patients who stopped ticlopidine at 3 months after SES implantation (continued to receive only aspirin) (S-group). We compared the following parameters between the two groups: angioscopic parameters including existence of visible thrombus, grades of neointimal coverage (0: no neointimal coverage of stent struts, 1: partial coverage, 2: complete coverage), plaque color around stent (0: white, 1: yellow) and coronary risk factors including hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, smoking, diabetes mellitus and hemodialysis. Results: Incidence of angioscopic visible thrombus in S-group was significalty higher than that in D group, while there were no significant differences of the other pamameters between the two groups (table ). Two patients among S-group (3%) and one patient among D group (2%) received revascularization therapy at 6 months after SES implanation (n.s.). All the study patients revealed no other major adverse cardiac events (MACE); death, acute myocardial infarction and coronary bypass surgery. Conclusions: Only three months discontinuation of ticlopidine may affect on product of angioscopic sublicnical thrombus, however it was not correlated with MACE during 6 months follow-up after SES implantation.
Pattern of Use of Anticoagulation and/or Antiplatelet Agents in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) Treated with Single-Agent Ibrutinib Therapy
Authors: Jeffrey A. Jones, Peter Hillmen, Steven Coutre, Constantine Tam, Richard R. Furman, Paul M. Barr, Stephen J. Schuster, Thomas J. Kipps, Ian W. Flinn, Ulrich Jaeger, Jan A. Burger, Mei Cheng, Dana Lee, Danelle F. James, John C. Byrd, Susan O'Brien
Journal: Blood (2014)
Effects of nitroglycerin on pulse wave velocity in patients with mild and moderate hypertension
Authors: Xin-hui Ning, Xiao-ping Xiang, Xin-zheng Zhang, Zhe Zhou, Yue-xi Zhang, Wen-jun Wang, Na Lu
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Objective To explore the changes of elasticity in the large arteries and its clinical significance of sublingual administration of nitroglycerin in patients with elevated PWV,and mild and moderate essential hypertension.Methods Totally,779 patients with mild and moderate hypertension and PWV more than 1400 cm/s were selected and divided into four groups,one with simple hypertension,the second one with only one risk factor for it,the third one with two risk factors,and the fourth one with three risk factors or damage in their target organs.Sublingual administration of 0.5 mg nitroglycerin was administered and blood pressure and PWV were measured for all of them.and data were statistically compared and analyzed by groups and before and after nitroglycerin administration.Results Systolic blood pressure decreased to(135±20)mm Hg from(149±15)mm Hg,pulse pressure decreased to(50±11)mm Hg from(59±12)mm Hg,PwV decreased to(1329±288)cm/s from(1688±378)cm/s,respectively,after nitroglycerin treatment for hypertensive patients(t=3.036,2.473,3.885,all P＜0.05).Improvement of elasticity of the large arteries in them after nitroglycerin treatment inversely correlated with the number of risk factors for hypertension they had,with 89.1 percent,74.3 percent,72.6percent and 44.0 percent of improvement in PWV,respectively for those with simple hypertension,only one risk factor.two risk factors and three risk factors or with damage in target organs.Conclusions Systolic blood pressure and pulse pressure significantly correlated with elasticity of the large arteries in hypertensive patients,and their stifiness improved after sublingual administration of nitroglycerin due to decrease in systolic blood pressure and pulse pressure.The more risk factors the hypertensive patients had,the poorer elasticity of their large arteries and less sensitive to nitroglycerin treatment were.

Key words: 
Nitroglycerin; Hypertension; Pulse wave velocity
Modification of Acute Irradiation Injury in Mice and Guinea Pigs by Injection of Bone Marrow: A Histopathologic Study
Authors: Charles C. Congdon, Delta Uphoff, Egon Lorenz
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1952)

Journal Article Modification of Acute Irradiation Injury in Mice and Guinea Pigs by Injection of Bone Marrow: A Histopathologic Study Get access Charles C. Congdon, Charles C. Congdon National Cancer Institute2, Bethesda, Md., and The Division of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Chicago, Ill. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Delta Uphoff, Delta Uphoff National Cancer Institute2, Bethesda, Md., and The Division of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Chicago, Ill. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Egon Lorenz Egon Lorenz National Cancer Institute2, Bethesda, Md., and The Division of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Chicago, Ill. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 13, Issue 1, August 1952, Pages 73–107, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/13.1.73 Published: 01 August 1952 Article history Received: 21 March 1952 Published: 01 August 1952
Abstract 157: Airway Rescue (Tracheal Intubation) Process of Care and Safety Across Diverse Pediatric ICUs: A Report from the National Emergency Airway Registry for Children---“NEAR4KIDS”
Authors: Akira Nishisaki, Ronald Sanders, Janice E Sullivan, John S Giuliano, Jessica Leffelman, Calvin A Brown, Ron M Walls, Peter M Luckett, Robert A Berg, Vinay Nadkarni
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Objective: To describe airway rescue practices in a cross-sectional sample of academic pediatric ICUs (PICUs). We hypothesize that larger PICUs with >25 beds (L) will have less intubations requirin...