tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PNEUMONIA ASSOCIATED WITH PREGNANCY
Authors: Theodore W. Oppel
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1939)

Article1 June 1939PNEUMONIA ASSOCIATED WITH PREGNANCYTHEODORE W. OPPEL, M.D.THEODORE W. OPPEL, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-12-12-1983 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptPneumonia is one of the rare complications of pregnancy. Among about 15,000 obstetrical patients in the Lying-In Hospital during the past five and one-half years pneumonia has been seen only 15 times during the period of gestation. The marked seasonal and other variations in the natural course of this infection make it extremely difficult to compare the disease occurring in pregnant and non-pregnant women. Most of our knowledge is therefore based on what we know about pneumonia as an infectious disease and on the effect of infectious diseases on pregnancy.For the present report the larger series of cases of...Bibliography1. RANSDELL RC: Pneumonia and pregnancy, Am. Med., 1905, ix, 237. Google Scholar2. OPIEBLAKESMALLRIVERS ELFGJCTM: Epidemic respiratory disease, 1921, C. V. Mosby, St. Louis. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. HARRIS JW: Influenza occurring in pregnant women, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1919, lxxii, 978. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. BULLOWA JG: The management of the pneumonias, 1937, Oxford Press, New York. Google Scholar5. CECILBALDWINLARSEN RLHSNP: Lobar pneumonia, Arch. Int. Med., 1927, xl, 253. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New York, N. Y.*Received for publication May 2, 1938.From the New York Hospital and the Departments of Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cornell University Medical College, New York, N. Y. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byThe changing aspects of pneumonia complicating pregnancy 1 June 1939Volume 12, Issue 12Page: 1983-1990KeywordsHospital medicineInfectious diseasesObstetrics and gynecologyPneumoniaPregnancy ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1939 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 18067: Young Patients With Non-Ischemic Cardiomyopathy Have Higher Likelihood of Left Ventricular Recovery During HeartMate II Support: Data From the Bridge and Destination Therapy Trials
Authors: Daniel J Goldstein, Simon Maybaum, Thomas E MacGillivray, Stephanie A Moore, Rogerta C Bogaev, David J Farrar, O H Frazier
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Recovery of ventricular function during left ventricular assist device (LVAD) support sufficient to allow device explantation occurs infrequently, and underlying mechanisms remain poorl...
2008 Alexander S. Nadas Lecture—Repaired, Not Cured
Authors: Amnon Rosenthal
Journal: Circulation (2008)

A large number of patients with congenital cardiac disease have a repaired but not cured malformation. Although some mild cardiac defects may heal spontaneously, others persist or progress with advancing age. Among those with a major or complex defect repaired by interventional and/or surgical procedures, few are cured. Whereas major cardiac defects often occur as an isolated anomaly, many patients have serious extracardiac congenital defects, systemic syndromes, genetic abnormalities, or other handicaps. In caring for the patient, the pediatric cardiologist, in addition to directing cardiac therapy, is often called upon to coordinate the diverse care, plan, and guide for the patient’s future. It is a chronic disorder often recognized in the fetus, proceeding through infancy, childhood, and into adulthood, thus requiring long-term care. The medical and surgical therapy is usually provided by subspecialist colleagues within the field. However, delivery of appropriate, comprehensive, and optimal care requires a “quarterback” cardiologist concerned with diverse, frequently inevitable issues, such as prematurity, nutrition, growth, or genetic screening. Important concomitant problems may be related to associated extracardiac anomalies, exercise capacity, school, health or life insurance, employment, pregnancy, and family life. A primary care physician might be uncomfortable advising on many of these issues and the responsibility falls to the cardiologist. Anticipated medical advances may further impact the care and require yet greater coordination of services and close empathetic attention. These changes may include further cardiologist subspecialization, primary care provided by nurse clinicians, fetal cardiac intervention, increase in regionalization of specialty care, or more complex laboratory procedures—all not infrequently replacing the careful medical history and physical examination.
Abstract 15053: Serum Adipocyte Fatty Acid-binding Protein Is Associated With Chronic Kidney Disease And Coronary Lesion Severity In Type2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Masahito Kajiya, Toru Miyoshi, Masayuki Doi, Mutsumi Iwamoto, Kazumasa Nosaka, Ko Takeda, Hiroshi Ito
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with cardiovascular events. Adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (A-FABP) has been shown to play an important role in the glucose metabolism. ...
Abstract 3285: A Crossover Trial Assessing the Degree of Platelet Inhibition Among Women Taking Two Different Low-Dose Aspirin Regimens
Authors: Robert Hillman, Lisa Swaim
Journal: Circulation (2006)

The recent Women’s Health Study of low-dose aspirin failed to show a significant reduction in major cardiovascular events among women taking aspirin. The dose used, however, 100 mg every other day,...
Abstract 2686: Survival Unchanged Five Months After Implementing The 2005 AHA CPR And ECC Guidelines For Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Blair L Bigham, Kent Koprowicz, Alex Kiss, Paul Dorian, Scott Emerson, Cathy Zhan, Thomas D Rea, Tom P Aufderheide, Judy Powell, Sheldon Cheskes, Daniel P Davis, John A Stouffer, Jeff Perry, Martin Lees, Laurie J Morrison
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Introduction: To improve survival from out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), the American Heart Association released guidelines in 2005. We examined the effect of these guidelines on survival in the Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium (ROC) Epistry - Cardiac Arrest. We hypothesized that survival would increase after guideline implementation. Methods: 174 EMS agencies from 8 of 10 ROC sites were surveyed to determine 2005 AHA guideline implementation, or crossover, date. Two sites with 2005 compatible treatment algorithms prior to guideline release were not included. Patients with OHCA secondary to a non cardiac cause, EMS witnessed events, patients &lt;18 years old, and patients with do-not-resuscitate orders were excluded. A linear mixed effects model was applied for survival controlling for time and agency. The “crossover” date was added to the model to determine the effect of the 2005 guidelines. Results: Of 174 agencies, 83 contributed cases to both cohorts during the 18 month period between 2005/12/01 and 2007/05/31. Of 7403 cases, 4897 occurred during the 13 month (median) interval before crossover and 2506 occurred in the 5 month (median) interval after crossover. The overall survival rate was 5.9%. Our model estimated an overall increase in survival over time (monthly OR 1.02, 95% CI 0.99, 1.04, p=0.23), a decrease in survival at crossover (OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.66, 1.26, p=0.59), and a further increase in survival over time after crossover (monthly OR 1.005, 95% CI 0.96, 1.05, p=0.84). Conclusion: This study found a trend towards increased survival over time and no statistically significant effect of the 2005 guidelines early after implementation. This observed increase in survival over time may be attributed to the Hawthorne effect or participation in ROC or improved quality assurance. A delay in knowledge and skill acquisition amongst EMS providers and the need to rechoreograph their cardiac arrest treatment may explain why no significant increase in survival was observed after implementation. EMS providers may require more time to gain proficiency in the guideline changes before the full potential of the guidelines can be realized. Further longitudinal study is needed to determine the full impact of the guidelines on survival.
Invasive Group A streptococcal disease in Ireland, 2004 to 2010
Authors: J Martin, S Murchan, D O’Flanagan, F Fitzpatrick
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2011)

Invasive group A streptococcal infections (iGAS) are a major clinical and public health challenge. iGAS is a notifiable disease in Ireland since 2004. The aim of this paper is to describe the epidemiology of iGAS in Ireland for the first time over the seven-year period from 2004 to 2010. The Irish national electronic infectious disease reporting system was used by laboratories to enter the source of iGAS isolates, and by departments of public health to enter clinical and epidemiological details. We extracted and analysed data from 1 January 2004 to 31 December 2010. Over the study period, 400 iGAS cases were notified. The annual incidence of iGAS doubled, from 0.8 per 100,000 population in 2004 to 1.6 in 2008, and then remained the same in 2009 and 2010. The reported average annual incidence rates were highest among children up to five years of age (2.3/100,000) and adults aged over 60 years (3.2/100,000). The most common risk factors associated with iGAS were skin lesions or wounds. Of the 174 people for whom clinical syndrome information was available, 28 (16%) cases presented with streptococcal toxic shock syndrome and 19 (11%) with necrotising fasciitis. Of the 141 cases for whom seven-day outcomes were recorded, 11 people died with iGAS identified as the main cause of death (seven-day case fatality rate 8%). The notification rate of iGAS in Ireland was lower than that reported in the United Kingdom, Nordic countries and North America but higher than southern and eastern European countries. The reasons for lower notification rates in Ireland compared with other countries may be due to a real difference in incidence, possibly due to prescribing practices, or due to artefacts resulting from the specific Irish case definition and/or low reporting in the early stages of a new surveillance system. iGAS disease remains an uncommon but potentially severe disease in Ireland. Ongoing surveillance is required in order to undertake appropriate control measures and gain a greater understanding of this disease.
THE DESTINY OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS
Authors: W S MIDDLETON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1951)

Article1 July 1951THE DESTINY OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANSWILLIAM S. MIDDLETON, F.A.C.P.WILLIAM S. MIDDLETON, F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-35-1-1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Excerpt"Your old men shall dream dreams; your young men shall see visions." Joel II, 28.By Roman law the collegium was a corporation established for the control and administration of medicine. In the Middle Ages the College of Physicians of Rome, composed of highly representative physicians, assumed complete supervision of all practitioners of the healing arts and allied activities in that city. Florence was the scene of a college's most effective operation in Italy. From this city the movement infiltrated the rest of Europe and Great Britain with certain deviations in form and function determined by local or national circumstances.... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Madison, Wisconsin*Presidential Address, Thirty-Second Annual Session, American College of Physicians, St. Louis, Mo., April 9, 1951. Nextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1951Volume 35, Issue 1Page: 1-7KeywordsVision ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 July 1951 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright, 1951, by The American College of PhysiciansPDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 13100: Genetic Ablation of Astrocyte-specific Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptors Improves Prognosis of Myocardial Infarction-Induced Heart Failure
Authors: Kengo Isegawa, Yoshitaka Hirooka, Takuya Kishi, Kenji Sunagawa
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction:  Abnormal sympathoexcitation worsens the prognosis of myocardial infarction (MI)-induced heart failure. We and other investigators revealed that activated brain angiotensin II type 1 receptors (AT1R) cause sympathoexcitation via oxidative stress. Previous reports, however, focused on neuronal AT1R despite the greater abundance of astrocytes than neurons in the brain, because normal astrocytes have few AT1R. Several very recent reports demonstrated that astrocytes are involved in the pathophysiology of MI-induced heart failure, but it remains unknown whether AT1R activation in the neurons or astrocytes is more crucial in MI-induced heart failure. We investigated the hypothesis that astrocytic AT1R activation plays a key role in the prognosis and left ventricular (LV) remodeling of MI-induced heart failure by genetic ablation of astrocyte-specific AT1R.   Methods and Results:  Using the Cre-LoxP system, we generated astrocyte-specific AT1R knockout mice (CKO-mice). At 30 days after MI, LV size and heart weight of CKO-mice were significantly smaller than those of control-MI mice (LV end-diastolic/systolic dimension: 5.0±0.1/4.5±0.1 vs. 6.1±0.1/5.6±0.1 mm, n=6, p   Conclusions:  Genetic ablation of astrocytic AT1R significantly improved survival prevented LV remodeling and sympathoexcitation in MI-induced heart failure. These findings indicate that astrocytic AT1R, not neuronal AT1R, have a key role in the pathophysiology of MI-induced heart failure.
Pilot study of SGN-15 immunoconjugate with docetaxel as first line therapy for NSCLC with PET assessment of response
Authors: M. McDonald, M. Rarik, C. Rudin, R. Wahl, J. Vansant, J. Leal, L. Grove, D. Miller, H. J. Ross
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

7299 Background: NSCLC cells express tumor antigens, including Lewis Υ (Ley). SGN-15 is a novel antibody-drug conjugate that delivers doxorubicin to cells expressing Ley and has synergistic activity with docetaxel (Doc) based on cell cycle specificity. A randomized phase II study in second and third line NSCLC showed promising activity of SGN-15+Doc. Preclinical studies show that the sequence of SGN-15+Doc can be adjusted to maximize activity and form the basis for this pilot front-line study to optimize the schedule of SGN-15+Doc in NSCLC patients. PET scans provide early assessment of response. Methods: 30 patients with stage IV NSCLC, PS<3 and no prior chemotherapy will receive SGN-15 200 mg/m2 + Doc 35 mg/m2 weekly for three of each four weeks. Arm A receives SGN-15 followed by Doc on day 1, 8, 15 of a 28-day cycle. Arm B receives SGN-15 on the same schedule, but Doc on days 4, 11, 18. PET scans are performed within one week prior to day 1 and on day 22 of cycle 1. Responding or stable patients continue on study until progression or unacceptable toxicity. Response by RECIST is assessed every 8 weeks. No dose reductions or delays are permitted in cycle 1. Primary endpoint is quantitative PET response. Secondary endpoints are ORR, PFS, OS, toxicity, PK and molecular correlates. Results: Mouse studies demonstrate five fold increase in response when SGN-15 is combined with Doc compared to Doc alone and an additional 37% improvement when SGN-15 precedes Doc as opposed to an 18% decrease when the opposite sequence is employed. 7 patients have been enrolled to date on the clinical trial and preliminary PET data suggest a more profound metabolic effect in patients on Arm B compared to Arm A. Conclusion: Combination targeted therapy with SGN-15+Doc is feasible in front-line treatment of NSCLC and PET can be used as an early estimate of efficacy. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Seattle Genetics Seattle Genetics Seattle Genetics Seattle Genetics Seattle Genetics
SPECIFIC TREATMENT OF THE PNEUMOCOCCIC PNEUMONIAS; AN ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS OF SERUM THERAPY AND CHEMOTHERAPY AT THE BOSTON CITY HOSPITAL FROM JULY 1938 THROUGH JUNE 1939
Authors: Maxwell Finland, William C. Spring, Francis C. Lowell
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1940)

Excerpt During the past few months, in accord with the general trend in the treatment of bacterial infections, the focus of attention in the literature dealing with the therapy of pneumonia has shi...
Abstract 15258: The Association of Genetic Polymorphism of rs2106261 in ZFHX3 and ‘Super-responder’ to Catheter Ablation Among the Patients With Long-standing Persistent Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Jin kyu Park, Junbeom Park, Jae-Sun Uhm, Boyoung Joung, Moon-Hyong Lee, Hui-Nam Pak
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: The radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) is challenging in patients with long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation (PeAF) and its clinical outcome is highly variable. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified that the rs2106261 polymorphism in ZFHX3 is associated with non-valuvluar AF. Hypothesis: We tested the association between the “super-responder” to the radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) and the rs2106261 polymorphism among the patients with long-standing persistent AF. Methods: We included consecutive 207 patients with long-standing PeAF (79.2% male, age 58.0±9.7 years and follow-up interval 21 (16-34) months) who underwent RFCA for symptomatic long-standing PeAF. The super-responders were defined as the patients without early or clinical recurrence of AF at least for 12 months of post-procedural follow-up period without taking anti-arrhythmic drug. We looked for the characteristics of super-responders in clinical profiles, ECG in sinus rhythm, 3D-left atrial (LA) CT, or genotypes of the rs2106262. Results: 1. Fifty two patients (25.1%) were categorized as super-responders. Super-responders were younger (55.5±9.6 vs. 58.9±9.6 years old, p=0.028) and had shorter AF duration (44.9 [25.4-73.1] vs. 65.1 [34.1-113.6] month, p=0.010), shorter QTc (435.1±27.8 vs. 447.3±29.1 msec, p=0.007), lower negative P wave amplitude in lead V1 (0.07±0.03 vs. 0.08±0.04, p=0.034), and smaller LA volume index (CT) (75.2±21.0 vs. 88.2±24.1, p=0.001) than recurred patient group. 2. In additive model, the minor allele frequency of the rs2106261 was higher in super-responders (52.2%) than in recurred group (40.9%, p=0.058). 3. In multivariate analyses, LA volume index (adjusted OR=0.973, 95% CI 0.955-0.992, p=0.006) and genetic polymorphism of the rs2106261 (adjusted OR=1.808, 95% CI 1.034-3.163, p=0.038) were independently associated with super-responder to RFCA among the patients with long-standing persistent AF. Conclusion: Although the recurrence rate after catheter ablation for long-standing persistent AF is still high, pre-procedural LA volume index or the rs2106261 polymorphism may be helpful for the selection of good candidate for RFCA.
Abstract 4867: Myocardial Effects of Beta-Blocker Therapy in the Failing Diabetic Heart
Authors: Nazha Hamdani, Jolanda Van der Velden, Loek van heerebeek, Attila Borbely, Nicky M Boontje, Ger JM Steinen, Walter J Paulus
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Raised diastolic left ventricular (LV) stiffness importantly contributes to heart failure (HF) in diabetes mellitus (DM) and results from myocardial deposition of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs), interstitial fibrosis, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and elevated diastolic resting tension (F passive ) of cardiomyocytes. The relative importance of these mechanisms for diastolic LV stiffness differs between HF with reduced LV ejection fraction (EF) (HFrEF) and HF with normal LV EF (HFnEF) as evident from more fibrosis in HFrEF and more hypertrophy and higher F passive in HFnEF. The present study therefore compared myocardial effects of β-blocker therapy in DM patients suffering of HFrEF (n=11) or of HFnEF (n=15). All patients had DM type 2 and were free of significant coronary artery disease. LV endomyocardial biopsies were used to assess AGEs deposition by carboxymethyllysine immunohistochemistry and collagen volume fraction (CVF) or cardiomyocyte diameter (MyD) by histomorphometry. Cardiomyocytes were also isolated from the biopsies, attached to a force transducer and stretched to 2.2 μm to measure F passive . AGEs deposition was expressed relative to an age and sex matched control group without DM. In both HFrEF and HFnEF groups, β-blocker therapy reduced DM-related myocardial AGEs deposition. In both HFrEF and HFnEF groups, β-blocker therapy also reduced MyD. In HFnEF, β-blocker therapy lowered CVF but raised F passive of cardiomyocytes. Conclusion: Myocardial effects of β-blocker therapy were uniformly beneficial for diastolic LV stiffness in DM patients suffering of HFrEF but not in DM patients suffering of HFnEF. In DM, HF phenotype could therefore affect outcome of β-blocker therapy.
P0307 : Melatonin-induced apoptosis of HepG2 cells is enhanced by autophagy suppression
Authors: R. Ordóñez, A. Fernandez, L. Martinez, S. Núñez, S. Carbajo-Pescador, A. Baulies, N. Prieto-Dominguez, C. García-Ruiz, J.C. Fernández-Checa, J.L. Mauriz, J. González-Gallego
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)
Violent deaths as a leading cause of mortality: an epidemiologic study of suicide, homicide, and accidents
Authors: P C Holinger
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1980)

In the United States violent deaths (suicide, homicide, and accidents) are the leading cause of deaths in people aged 1-39 and the third leading cause of death for people of all ages. Violent death rates have tended to decrease since 1900. Among 15-24-year-olds, however, the violent death rate is currently the highest ever recorded in this country, and suicide and homicide rates among people aged 5-14 and 15-24 are as high or higher than any previous recordings. The quantity of expected life lost through violent deaths is greater than that for any other cause of death.