tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Guidelines for Diagnosis and Management of Infective Endocarditis in Adults
Authors: Emily G. McDonald, Gloria Aggrey, Abdullah Tarık Aslan, Michael Casias, Nicolas Cortes-Penfield, Mei Qin (Denise) Dong, Susan Egbert, Brent Footer, Burcu Isler, Madeline King, Mira Maximos, Terence C. Wuerz, Ahmed Abdul Azim, Jhongert Alza-Arcila, Anthony D. Bai, Michelle Blyth, Tom Boyles, Juan Caceres, Devin Clark, Kusha Davar, Justin T. Denholm, Graeme Forrest, Bassam Ghanem, Stefan Hagel, Alexandra Hanretty, Fergus Hamilton, Philipp Jent, Minji Kang, Geena Kludjian, Tim Lahey, Jonathan Lapin, Rachael Lee, Timothy Li, Dhara Mehta, Jessica Moore, Clayton Mowrer, Georges Ouellet, Rebecca Reece, Jonathan H. Ryder, Alexandre Sanctuaire, James M. Sanders, Bobbi Jo Stoner, Jessica M. So, Jean-François Tessier, Raghavendra Tirupathi, Steven Y. C. Tong, Noah Wald-Dickler, Arsheena Yassin, Christina Yen, Brad Spellberg, Todd C. Lee
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Importance Practice guidelines often provide recommendations in which the strength of the recommendation is dissociated from the quality of the evidence. Objective To create a clinical guideline for the diagnosis and management of adult bacterial infective endocarditis (IE) that addresses the gap between the evidence and recommendation strength. Evidence Review This consensus statement and systematic review applied an approach previously established by the WikiGuidelines Group to construct collaborative clinical guidelines. In April 2022 a call to new and existing members was released electronically (social media and email) for the next WikiGuidelines topic, and subsequently, topics and questions related to the diagnosis and management of adult bacterial IE were crowdsourced and prioritized by vote. For each topic, PubMed literature searches were conducted including all years and languages. Evidence was reported according to the WikiGuidelines charter: clear recommendations were established only when reproducible, prospective, controlled studies provided hypothesis-confirming evidence. In the absence of such data, clinical reviews were crafted discussing the risks and benefits of different approaches. Findings A total of 51 members from 10 countries reviewed 587 articles and submitted information relevant to 4 sections: establishing the diagnosis of IE (9 questions); multidisciplinary IE teams (1 question); prophylaxis (2 questions); and treatment (5 questions). Of 17 unique questions, a clear recommendation could only be provided for 1 question: 3 randomized clinical trials have established that oral transitional therapy is at least as effective as intravenous (IV)–only therapy for the treatment of IE. Clinical reviews were generated for the remaining questions. Conclusions and Relevance In this consensus statement that applied the WikiGuideline method for clinical guideline development, oral transitional therapy was at least as effective as IV-only therapy for the treatment of IE. Several randomized clinical trials are underway to inform other areas of practice, and further research is needed.
FAM210A regulates mitochondrial translation and maintains cardiac mitochondrial homeostasis
Authors: Jiangbin Wu, Kadiam C Venkata Subbaiah, Omar Hedaya, Si Chen, Joshua Munger, Wai Hong Wilson Tang, Chen Yan, Peng Yao
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2023)

Mitochondria play a vital role in cellular metabolism and energetics and support normal cardiac function. Disrupted mitochondrial function and homeostasis cause a variety of heart diseases. Fam210a (family with sequence similarity 210 member A), a novel mitochondrial gene, is identified as a hub gene in mouse cardiac remodelling by multi-omics studies. Human FAM210A mutations are associated with sarcopenia. However, the physiological role and molecular function of FAM210A remain elusive in the heart. We aim to determine the biological role and molecular mechanism of FAM210A in regulating mitochondrial function and cardiac health in vivo.
National Estimates of the Adult Diabetes Care Continuum in India, 2019-2021
Authors: Jithin Sam Varghese, Ranjit Mohan Anjana, Pascal Geldsetzer, Nikkil Sudharsanan, Jennifer Manne-Goehler, Harsha Thirumurthy, Soura Bhattacharyya, K. M. Venkat Narayan, Viswanathan Mohan, Nikhil Tandon, Mohammed K. Ali
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2023)

Diabetes is widespread and treatable, but little is known about the diabetes care continuum (diagnosis, treatment, and control) in India and how it varies at the national, state, and district levels.
Aortic Stenosis Risk in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Tate M. Johnson, Chetaj A. Mahabir, Yangyuna Yang, Punyasha Roul, Andrew M. Goldsweig, Bryce A. Binstadt, Joshua F. Baker, Brian C. Sauer, Grant W. Cannon, Ted R. Mikuls, Bryant R. England
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2023)

Although an increased risk of ischemic cardiovascular disease has been associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the risk of aortic stenosis (AS) is unknown.
Disaggregating Racial and Ethnic Data to Examine Intersectional Identities, Bias-Based Bullying, and Mental Health
Authors: Chardée A. Galán, Alison J. Culyba
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Detangling the Association Between Traumatic Brain Injury, Mental Health, and Suicide in Active Duty Service Members
Authors: Ross D. Zafonte, Daniel Hamed Daneshvar, Lauren Fisher
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Lisa A. Brenner, PhD; Jeri E. Forster, PhD; Jaimie L. Gradus, DMSc, DSc, MPH; Trisha A. Hostetter, MPH; Claire A. Hoffmire, PhD; Colin G. Walsh, MD, MA; Mary Jo Larson, PhD, MPA; Kelly A. Stearns-Yoder, MA; Rachel Sayko Adams, PhD, MPH
Association of Racial and Ethnic Identity With Attrition From MD-PhD Training Programs
Authors: Mytien Nguyen, Elle Lett, Jose E. Cavazos, Sarwat I. Chaudhry, Mayur M. Desai, Donna B. Jeffe, Dowin Boatright
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2023)

This cohort study analyzes the attrition rates of students from MD-PhD training programs by race and ethnicity.
Prevalence and Landscape of Pathogenic or Likely Pathogenic Germline Variants and Their Association With Somatic Phenotype in Unselected Chinese Patients With Gynecologic Cancers
Authors: Hao Wen, Qin Xu, Xiujie Sheng, Huawen Li, Xipeng Wang, Xiaohua Wu
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Understanding germline and somatic status in patients with gynecologic cancers could improve risk assessment and guide therapeutic decision-making.
High-Throughput Drug Screening of Primary Tumor Cells Identifies Therapeutic Strategies for Treating Children with High-Risk Cancer
Authors: Chelsea Mayoh, Jie Mao, Jinhan Xie, Gabor Tax, Shu-Oi Chow, Roxanne Cadiz, Karina Pazaky, Paulette Barahona, Pamela Ajuyah, Peter Trebilcock, Angela Malquori, Kate Gunther, Anica Avila, Doo Young Yun, Stephanie Alfred, Anjana Gopalakrishnan, Alvin Kamili, Marie Wong, Mark J. Cowley, Sophie Jessop, Loretta M.S. Lau, Toby N. Trahair, David S. Ziegler, Jamie I. Fletcher, Andrew J. Gifford, Maria Tsoli, Glenn M. Marshall, Michelle Haber, Vanessa Tyrrell, Timothy W. Failes, Greg M. Arndt, Richard B. Lock, Paul G. Ekert, M. Emmy M. Dolman
Journal: Cancer Research (2023)

Abstract For one-third of patients with pediatric cancer enrolled in precision medicine programs, molecular profiling does not result in a therapeutic recommendation. To identify potential strategies for treating these high-risk pediatric patients, we performed in vitro screening of 125 patient-derived samples against a library of 126 anticancer drugs. Tumor cell expansion did not influence drug responses, and 82% of the screens on expanded tumor cells were completed while the patients were still under clinical care. High-throughput drug screening (HTS) confirmed known associations between activating genomic alterations in NTRK, BRAF, and ALK and responses to matching targeted drugs. The in vitro results were further validated in patient-derived xenograft models in vivo and were consistent with clinical responses in treated patients. In addition, effective combinations could be predicted by correlating sensitivity profiles between drugs. Furthermore, molecular integration with HTS identified biomarkers of sensitivity to WEE1 and MEK inhibition. Incorporating HTS into precision medicine programs is a powerful tool to accelerate the improved identification of effective biomarker-driven therapeutic strategies for treating high-risk pediatric cancers. Significance: Integrating HTS with molecular profiling is a powerful tool for expanding precision medicine to support drug treatment recommendations and broaden the therapeutic options available to high-risk pediatric cancers.
Targeting endothelial permeability in the EPR effect
Authors: Behnaz Lahooti, Racheal G. Akwii, Fatema Tuz Zahra, Md Sanaullah Sajib, Margarita Lamprou, Ahmed Alobaida, Michail S. Lionakis, George Mattheolabakis, Constantinos M. Mikelis
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2023)
Association of Prior COVID-19 Vaccination With SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Death in Children and Young Persons During the Omicron Variant Period in Brazil
Authors: Eduardo A. Oliveira, Maria Christina L. Oliveira, Ana Cristina Simões e Silva, Enrico A. Colosimo, Robert H. Mak, Clara C. Pinhati, Hercílio Martelli
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2023)

This case-control study evaluates nationwide information surveillance systems in Brazil to estimate vaccine effectiveness against outcomes of COVID-19 in children and young persons.
Assessing the Health Status of Sexual and Gender Minority Adults: What We Can Learn When We Include All of Us
Authors: Carl G. Streed, Elle Lett, Arjee Restar
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Nguyen K. Tran, PhD, MPH; Mitchell R. Lunn, MD, MAS; Claire E. Schulkey, PhD; Samantha Tesfaye, BA; Siddhartha Nambiar, PhD; Snigdhansu Chatterjee, PhD; Dawn Kozlowski, MEd; Paula Lozano, PhD; Fornessa T. Randal, MCRP; Yicklun Mo, MSW; Siya Qi, MS; Ell Hundertmark, BS; Chloe Eastburn, BA; Anthony T. Pho, PhD; Zubin Dastur, MS, MPH; Micah E. Lubensky, PhD; Annesa Flentje, PhD; Juno Obedin-Maliver, MD, MPH, MAS
Bias-Based Bullying and Elevated Depressive Symptoms Among Sexual and Gender–Diverse Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander Adolescents
Authors: G. Nic Rider, Amy L. Gower, Hyemin Lee, De’Shay Thomas, Amy L. McCurdy, Stephen T. Russell, Marla E. Eisenberg
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2023)

This cross-sectional study analyzes data from 2 statewide school surveys to document the experiences of sexual and gender minoritized Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander students in grades 9 through 12 who reported bullying related to their identity.
Facts and Hopes on Neutralization of Protumor Inflammatory Mediators in Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Irene Olivera, Carlos Luri-Rey, Alvaro Teijeira, Iñaki Eguren-Santamaria, Gabriel Gomis, Belen Palencia, Pedro Berraondo, Ignacio Melero
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2023)

Abstract In cancer pathogenesis, soluble mediators are responsible for a type of inflammation that favors the progression of tumors. The mechanisms chiefly involve changes in the cellular composition of the tumor tissue stroma and in the functional modulation of myeloid and lymphoid leukocytes. Active immunosuppression, proangiogenesis, changes in leukocyte traffic, extracellular matrix remodeling, and alterations in tumor-antigen presentation are the main mechanisms linked to the inflammation that fosters tumor growth and metastasis. Soluble inflammatory mediators and their receptors are amenable to various types of inhibitors that can be combined with other immunotherapy approaches. The main proinflammatory targets which can be interfered with at present and which are under preclinical and clinical development are IL1β, IL6, the CXCR1/2 chemokine axis, TNFα, VEGF, leukemia inhibitory factor, CCL2, IL35, and prostaglandins. In many instances, the corresponding neutralizing agents are already clinically available and can be repurposed as a result of their use in other areas of medicine such as autoimmune diseases and chronic inflammatory conditions.
Efficacy and safety of nemolizumab in paediatric patients aged 6–12 years with atopic dermatitis with moderate-to-severe pruritus: results from a phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre study
Authors: Atsuyuki Igarashi, Toshio Katsunuma, Takayo Matsumura, Hiroshi Komazaki, Hidetoshi Takahashi, Katsushi Miura, Satoshi Horino, Shigemi Yoshihara, Shozo Maeda, Masayuki Akashi, Yuko Hamahata, Yoko Nezu, Kei Masuda, Seigo Shirakawa, Toshio Katsunuma, Yukihiro Ohya, Noriyuki Yanagida, Hiromi Tadaki, Masao Fukuzawa, Hideo Kaneko, Kazuhiro Takahashi, Michinori Funato, Masaki Futamura, Masanari Kodera, Yoshihiro Takasato, Takao Fujisawa, Akihiro Kume, Takeshi Taketani, Youko Murakami, Masatoshi Wakatsuki, Satomi Igawa, Minako Tomiita, Shuichi Suzuki, Masami Narita, Koichi Yoshida, Yasuto Kondo, Takahiro Kiyomasu, Yutaka Takemura, Akira Manki, Michihiro Hide, Akio Tanaka, Junichiro Tezuka, Masanori Ikeda, Fumiya Yamaide, Taiji Nakano
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2023)

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, inflammatory skin condition affecting up to one-quarter of children. Uncontrolled pruritus associated with childhood AD, and the accompanying scratching, negatively impacts quality of life (QoL), sleep and development. The humanized monoclonal antibody nemolizumab, used concomitantly with topical agents, was shown to reduce pruritus and improve QoL in patients with AD aged ≥ 13 years. However, data relating to its efficacy and safety in younger children (aged < 13 years) have been lacking.
Liposomes Co‐Delivering Curcumin and Colistin to Overcome Colistin Resistance in Bacterial Infections
Authors: Chengyuan Qin, Ning Tang, Yingying Gan, Huimin Zhao, Yuzhen Li, Guo‐bao Tian, Yi Yan Yang, Peiyan Yuan, Xin Ding
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Antibiotic colistin is the last line of defense against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacterial infections. Emergence of colistin resistance in microbes is a critical challenge. Herein, curcumin is discovered, for the first time, to reverse the resistance phenotype of colistin-resistant bacteria via a checkerboard assay. For the co-delivery of curcumin and colistin, negatively charged poly(ethylene glycol)-functionalized liposomes encapsulating both drugs (Lipo-cc) are prepared. Killing kinetics and live/dead assays confirm the antibacterial activity of Lipo-cc against colistin-resistant bacteria, which is more potent than that of the free curcumin and colistin combination. Mechanistical studies reveal that Lipo-cc restores the affinity of colistin for the bacterial membrane and improves the uptake of curcumin, which leads to reduced efflux pump activity, achieving a synergistic effect of colistin and curcumin. At the effective antibacterial dose, Lipo-cc does not exhibit any toxicity. The therapeutic efficacy of Lipo-cc is further demonstrated in an intestinal bacterial infection model induced with colistin-resistant Escherichia coli. Lipo-cc reduces the bacterial burden with over 6-log reduction and alleviated inflammation caused by infection. Importantly, unlike colistin, Lipo-cc does not affect the homeostasis of the intestinal flora. Taken together, Lipo-cc successfully overcame colistin resistance, indicating its potential for the treatment of colistin-resistant bacterial infections.
Calcitonin Gene–Related Peptide Monoclonal Antibodies and Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Severe COVID-19 Outcomes Among Veterans With Migraine Disorder
Authors: Kaicheng Wang, Brenda T. Fenton, Yanhong Deng, Sarah E. Anthony, Vinh X. Dao, Emmanuelle Schindler, Richard B. Lipton, Alexander Guirguis, Melissa Skanderson, Elizabeth K. Seng, Jason J. Sico
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), a neuropeptide involved in migraine pathophysiology, is also a key neuroimmune modulator. CGRP antagonists may help mitigate the hyperinflammatory response observed in patients with COVID-19; however, findings from the literature are contradictory, and to date, no study has investigated the safety and effectiveness of CGRP antagonists against COVID-19.
Genetic variation in solute carrier family 5 member 2 mimicking sodium-glucose co-transporter 2-inhibition and risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality: reduced risk not explained by lower plasma glucose
Authors: Louise E Bechmann, Frida Emanuelsson, Børge G Nordestgaard, Marianne Benn
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2023)

Treatment with sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2)-inhibitors reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality, but the mechanism is unclear. We hypothesized that a functional genetic variant in solute carrier family 5 member 2 (SLC5A2), known to be associated with familial renal glucosuria, would mimic pharmacological SGLT2-inhibition, and thus provide an opportunity to examine potential mediators of the effects on lower risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality.We examined 112 712 individuals from the Copenhagen City Heart Study and Copenhagen General Population Study (CCHS + CGPS), 488 687 from the UK Biobank, and 342 499 from FinnGen, genotyped for SLC5A2 rs61742739, c.1961A > G; p.(Asn654Ser). The 2.0% heterozygotes and 0.01% homozygotes were pooled as carriers and compared with the 98% non-carriers. First, we examined the risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality; second, whether carrying the variant was associated with potential mediators of the effect; and third, whether identified potential mediators could explain the observed reduced risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality. In the CCHS + CGPS, carriers vs. non-carries had a 31% lower risk of heart failure, 21% lower risk of myocardial infarction, 16% lower risk of ischaemic heart disease, and 22% lower risk of all-cause mortality. Corresponding values in meta-analyses of the three studies combined were lower risk by 10%, 6%, 6%, and 10%, respectively. The SLC5A2 rs61742739 variant was not associated with a risk of ischaemic stroke or cardiovascular mortality. Of the lower risks observed in CCHS + CGPS, lower plasma glucose mediated 2.0%(P = 0.004) on heart failure, 3.1%(P = 0.09) on myocardial infarction, 4.1%(P = 0.02) on ischaemic heart disease, and 6.0%(P = 0.39) on all-cause mortality; corresponding values in the UK Biobank were 2.9%(P = 0.70), 1.5%(P = 0.77), 4.1%(P = 0.23), and 3.1%(P = 0.21), respectively.A functional genetic variant in SLC5A2, mimicking SGLT2-inhibition, was associated with a lower risk of heart failure, myocardial infarction, ischaemic heart disease, and all-cause mortality. These effects were at most minimally mediated through lower plasma glucose.
Near‐Infrared Bodipy‐Based Molecular Rotors for β‐Amyloid Imaging In Vivo
Authors: Lijun Ma, Yujie Geng, Guoyang Zhang, Ziwei Hu, Tony D. James, Xuefei Wang, Zhuo Wang
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

β-amyloid (Aβ) is one of the important biomarkers for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease (AD). Many near-infrared probes based on the donor-π-acceptor structure have been developed to detect Aβ. Most reported Aβ probes are based on the N,N-dimethylamino group as the ideal donor, which is a widely accepted binding unit. As such, the development of fluorescent probes with improved binding units to detect Aβ is urgently required. Therefore, with this research three anchoring molecular rotor electron donors consisting of cyclic amines of different ring sizes are developed, namely five-membered ring (TPyr), six-membered ring (TPip), and seven-membered ring (THAI). These new anchored molecular rotors are connected to a 4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (BODIPY) and named TPyrBDP, TPipBDP, and THAIBDP. These probes exhibit high affinities (from 28 to 54 nm) for Aβ
Announcing Expanded Content for Clinicians Through the Clinical Review and Education Section at <i>JAMA Internal Medicine</i>
Authors: Michael A. Incze, Deborah Grady, Sharon K. Inouye
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Mechanism of Action of Oxazoline‐Based Antimicrobial Polymers Against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>: In Vivo Antimicrobial Activity Evaluation
Authors: Matilde Concilio, Ramón Garcia Maset, Laia Pasquina Lemonche, Vito Kontrimas, Ji‐Inn Song, Santhosh Kalash Rajendrakumar, Freya Harrison, C. Remzi Becer, Sébastien Perrier
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens have reached alarming levels, becoming one of the most pressing global health issues. Hence, new treatments are necessary for the fight against antimicrobial resistance. Synthetic nanoengineered antimicrobial polymers (SNAPs) have emerged as a promising alternative to antimicrobial peptides, overcoming some of their limitations while keeping their key features. Herein, a library of amphiphilic oxazoline-based SNAPs using cationic ring-opening polymerization (CROP) is designed. Amphipathic compounds with 70% cationic content exhibit the highest activity against clinically relevant Staphylococcus aureus isolates, maintaining good biocompatibility in vitro and in vivo. The mechanism of action of the lead compounds against S. aureus is assessed using various microscopy techniques, indicating cell membrane disruption, while the cell wall remains unaffected. Furthermore, a potential interaction of the compounds with bacterial DNA is shown, with possible implications on bacterial division. Finally, one of the compounds exhibits high efficacy in vivo in an insect infection model.