tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Poster Session 1: Pathogenesis and Mechanisms; PBC/PSC and Other Cholestatic Disease
Journal: Hepatology (2015)

Purpose: Gut microbiota plays an important role in systemic metabolism and liver diseases.We hypothesized that gut microbiota and their metabolic pathways vary in SAH at baseline & on steroid therapy.Patients and Methods: From108 consecutive alcoholic liver disease patients, 60 with SAH [chronic alcohol use >5years, DF>32, liver histology suggestive of SAH, absence of known liver disease or h/o immunosuppressive drugs] were treated with prednisolone(40mg/day) for 28days.Response to steroids was assessed at day7 by Lille score [<0.45=responder(R), >0.45=non-responder(NR)].Stool samples were collected at baseline & day7 of therapy.250mg frozen samples were processed for DNA isolation & 16S rRNA (V3-V4 region )analysed by NGS.Plasma was analysed for metabolites by MS/MS.Results: Total of 305 species from 135 genera were identified among six R & NR each.Klebsiella(32%), Enterococcus(24%) were identified in NR, while Bacteroides(26%),Lactobacilli(21%) were identified in R. Post-therapy, E.coli(45%) & Bifidobacterium(21%) were dominant in R &E.coli(40%) &Lactobacillus(26%) in NR.At baseline R & NR were categorized as type1 & type2 enterotypes.Post-therapy both groups demonstrated type3 composition.34metabolic pathways were common between all the treatment groups & time-points.Ferredoxin oxidoreducatse,& LPS biosynthesis, sulphate transport, Sec-system pathways were uniquely present in R0 &NR0 respectively, suggesting increase in the secretory phenotype in NR at baseline.Significant upregulation (1.5 fold, p<0.05) of LPS pathway in NR over R clearly indicates that microbiota induced stress signalling is prevalent.V-type ATPase pathway was 2.5-fold significantly (p<0.05)upregulated in both R & NR at day0; maltodextrin transport system was upregulated significantly (p<0.05) in both the groups at day7.Putrescine transport pathway & fumarate reductase, N-acetyl galactosamine transport were unique to R7 & NR7 respectively, suggesting a unique metabolic mechanism active in non-responders even though the eneterotypes appear to be same.Metabolites like trimethyl amine N-oxide & its precursor betaine, which are generated by the gut microbiota, were significantly increased (6-fold & 2-fold, p<0.05) in plasma of NR.Conclusions: In SAH patients, gut microbial composition varies in R & NR at baseline.Steroid therapy leads to differential & characteristic species and metabolic profiles.Microbiota generated metabolites (LPS, TMA & betaine) are important and can be used at presentation as markers for differentiating R and NR.The current enterotype classification does not represent disease states appropriately & thus needs revision.
Crash Helmet for the Automobile Driver
Authors: David W. Florence
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> To have worn seat belts 20 years ago would have produced as much laughter as Victor Borge's famous seat belts on the piano bench. With the passage of time seat belts have outgrown the nuisance phase and will usually be properly fastened, instead of pushed aside. We are becoming more safety conscious. Although reports of increasing automobile slaughter may have been rapturous news to Genghis Kahn, stories of people thrown from their automobiles because they were not wearing their seat belts, are today shocking. The requirement of seat belts in all new automobiles will, as of Jan 1, 1968, add the shoulder harness. Perhaps, the harness will meet with less opposition, as the seat belt gains acceptance. The Cornell Institute states that injury to the head occurs in 72% of auto accidents involving<i>any</i>kind of injury. In some states it has become mandatory for all cycle
Campaign against Rheumatism
Journal: BMJ (1945)

P.-S.Hench calls attention to the vastness of the problem in America and this country and the neces- sity for more support, both from the Governments and from the public if this scourge is to be tackled adequately." In every country the same findings have been made: (1) rheumatic diseases outrank all others as a cause of chronic morbidity; (2) rheumatic disease annually involves each country in great expense; (3) adequate facilities for the care of most rheumatic patients are non-existent."Hench quotes staggering figures for the United States and compares their prospects with those of others, " for example for 680,000 tuberculous patients there are available about 100,000 free beds and 100,000,000 dollars annually for care and research but for 6,850,000 rheumatic patients there are available only about 200 free beds and 20(,000 dollars annually for care and research.In other words, although there are ten times as many rheumatic as tuberculous patients, the latter have available 500 times more beds and money.Thus the tuberculous patient, happily thereby a vanishing race, receives 5,000 times as much attention as the non-vanishing rheumatic."He points out that a survey of voluntary health agencies in America discloses the astonishing paradox that " the greater the need the less the public support" but considers that this is due simply to the fact that the public has not been sufficiently informed or aroused (sae Table ).
Symptomatic Coronary Artery Disease in a Marathon Runner
Authors: Jeffrey B. Handler
Journal: JAMA (1982)

A highly trained marathon runner had progressive angina pectoris. His exercise stress test showed ischemia, and selective coronary angiography demonstrated a 99% obstruction of the left anterior descending coronary artery. A lipid analysis revealed normal total serum cholesterol levels with elevated high-density lipoprotein and markedly decreased low-density lipoprotein fractions. The remaining risk factors for coronary artery atherosclerosis were also absent. Unlike previous reports of ischemic heart disease in runners, in which the level of conditioning has been low, the duration of running brief, the risk factors operative, or the documentation weak, this patient represents unequivocal evidence that a long-distance marathon runner's life-style is not necessarily protective against the progression of coronary atherosclerosis. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;248:717-719)
Preemployment Drug Screening and Employment Outcome
Authors: Stephen Sidney
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Zwerling et al<sup>1</sup>were unable to control for the effects of alcohol use in their study of the association between preemployment drug screening results and employment outcomes. We believe that the lack of data regarding alcohol use is a major flaw in this study. We examined the relationship of marijuana and cocaine use to alcohol use in 4624 black and white men and women, 20 to 32 years of age, who were examined in 1987 and 1988 during the second cycle of examinations in a longitudinal study of cardiovascular risk factors.<sup>2</sup><i>Current alcohol use</i>was defined as usual consumption of one or more alcoholcontaining drinks per week. Average daily alcohol intake was quantified by multiplying the usual number of drinks of beer, wine, and liquor during a week by estimates of the alcohol content of each of these beverages and dividing by 7.<sup>3</sup> Current
Atlas and Principles of Bacteriology, and Text-Book of Special Bacteriologic Diagnosis.
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Homologous Serum Hepatitis—A True Experience
Authors: Martel J. Dailey
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The homologous serum hepatitis (HSH) virus has many curious characteristics but the most striking feature of the virus is its ability to produce disease like a phantom. If the HSH virus causes hepatitis, by intrahepatic replication, then why can't we recover the virus from the liver? The yellow fever virus and the HSH virus are the same size<sup>1</sup>yet the yellow fever virus did not remain elusive. Yellow fever succumbed to medical research several decades ago. The HSH virus is transmitted primarily by parenteral inoculation<sup>2</sup>yet the virus had worldwide distribution with the advent of parenteral inoculation. How did the virus achieve worldwide distribution? Why should nature impose such a restrictive means of transmittal for this virus? Two explanations are usually offered to explain the natural reservoir of the virus. The first proposes that there existed a maternal carrier state. The maternal carrier infected her
Etiology, Symptoms, and Treatment of Urethral Strictures in Male Children
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
DRUG REACTIONS III.
Authors: J. Turk, Harvey Baker
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1968)

Journal Article DRUG REACTIONS III: Immunoglobulin Class E—Anaphylactic Antibodies Get access J. Turk, J. Turk Institute of Dermatology, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Harvey Baker Harvey Baker Institute of Dermatology, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 80, Issue 9, 1 September 1968, Pages 622–624, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1968.tb12366.x Published: 01 September 1968
Evaluation of Cimetidine (Tagamet)
Authors: Charles B. Clayman
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Cimetidine, a potent H<sub>2</sub>-receptor antagonist, has been introduced for the treatment of various conditions associated with acid peptic digestion in the gastrointestinal tract. Preliminary results are encouraging. Adverse reactions do not appear to be substantial; however, the effect of long-term use has yet to be ascertained. (<i>JAMA</i>238:1289-1290, 1977)
A Prospective Study of Prolonged Central Venous Access in Leukemia
Authors: Janet L. Abrahm
Journal: JAMA (1982)

A three-year prospective study was conducted to evaluate right atrial silicone elastomer catheters for long-term venous access in adults with acute leukemia. Objectives included establishing the safety of catheter insertion in thrombocytopenic patients and the feasibility of maintaining the catheter during septicemia. Seventy-one catheters were placed in 57 consecutive patients entering intensive leukemia therapy. Excessive bleeding occurred at three catheter insertion sites. Eight catheter-related infections occurred. In 34 of 36 noncatheter-related and two catheterrelated bacteremias, catheters were left in place with intensive monitoring. In 20, bacteremia cleared. Fourteen patients died; in eight autopsies, no evidence of catheter-related mortality was found. Catheters were in use 6,799 days, including 3,932 home use and 2,570 granulocytopenic days. The data indicate that thrombocytopenia does not preclude catheter insertion and that catheters can be safely maintained in septicemic granulocytopenic patients. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;248:2868-2873)
Individually Distinct Tumor-Specific Cell Surface Antigen Identified by Monoclonal Antibody on a Rous Sarcoma Virus-Induced Mouse Tumor&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Noboru Kuzumaki, Hidetaka Minakawa, Takashige Miyazaki, Soichi Haraguchi, Tetsumichi Matsuo, Takato O. Yoshida
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1982)

Hybrid cell lines were prepared by the fusion of BALB/c myeloma P3U-1 cells with the lymphocytes of BALB/c mice that were immunized with syngeneic Rous sarcoma virus (RSV)-induced tumor CSA1M cells. Three clones of the hybrid progeny (3.4B2, 3.4C6, and 3.5C11) produced cytotoxic IgM antibodies against CSA1M cells. One of the clones, 3.5C11, was chosen for analysis of the detailed specificity. Both direct cytotoxicity assays and absorption tests revealed that monoclonal antibody from 3.5C11 was positive only with CSA1M cells and that it failed to react with other tumors, including 20 RSV-induced mouse tumors, and normal cells. The 3.5C11 monoclonal antibody alone, with or without exogenous complement, was suppressive in the therapy of ip injected CSA1M tumor in syngeneic hosts, and significant prolongation in survival was seen in the treated mice. These results clearly showed presence of an individually distinct tumor-specific cell surface antigen on an RSV-induced mouse tumor.
Insulin Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Matthew C. Riddle
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Optimal Intensity of Oral Anticoagulant Therapy
Authors: Jack Hirsh
Journal: JAMA (1987)

IN THE United States, approximately 500 000 patients per year receive oral anticoagulant therapy (R. Hart, MD, quoting J. Wallner, Product Manager, Dupont Pharmaceuticals, Wilmington, Del, oral communication, April 1986). Since Quick et al<sup>1</sup>introduced their test in 1935, it has been traditional to use the one-stage prothrombin time (PT) to monitor warfarin therapy. This test, which is sensitive to three of the four vitamin K-dependent clotting factors, is performed by adding a phospholipid extract of mammalian tissue (known as thromboplastin) to citrated plasma and clotting the mixture by adding calcium. Many clinicians who prescribe oral anticoagulants might be surprised to learn that the dose of warfarin that we currently use to prolong the PT to a ratio of 2 to 2.5 times the control value is larger than the dose that was used to produce an identical prolongation of the PT in the 1940s, 1950s, and the 1960s.
Evaluation of Hemangiomas With Technetium 99m—Labeled RBCs
Authors: Dov Front
Journal: JAMA (1983)

HEMANGIOMAS are benign tumors composed of blood vessels that contain a large volume of blood. In capillary hemangiomas, the majority of the vessels that make up the tumor have the caliber of normal capillaries, while cavernous hemangiomas are distinguished for their large, cavernous vascular spaces. There are, however, capillaries among the cavernous channels, and, in fact, there is no clear line of distinction between the capillary and cavernous forms.<sup>1</sup>When found on the skin or membranes of the oral cavity, hemangiomas have a characteristic appearance and do not pose a diagnostic problem. Hemangiomas, however, also appear in internal organs, eg, liver and spleen, and in bone, orbit, nasopharynx, and subepiglottis,<sup>2</sup>where diagnosis may be less straightforward.<sup>3,4</sup>Skull roentgenograms and even angiography may fail to diagnose hemangiomas of the mandible,<sup>5</sup>and computed tomography is not always characteristic of orbital hemangiomas.<sup>6,7</sup>The diagnostic problem becomes especially important
Testicular Cancer Risk Among Young Men: Role of Cryptorchidism and Inguinal Hernia
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1985)

Journal Article Testicular Cancer Risk Among Young Men: Role of Cryptorchidism and Inguinal Hernia Get access Linda M. Pottern, M.P.H., Linda M. Pottern, M.P.H. 3 3Address reprint requests to Ms. Pottern at Room 3C15, Landow Building, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20205. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Linda Morris Brown, M.P.H., Linda Morris Brown, M.P.H. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Robert N. Hoover, M.D., Robert N. Hoover, M.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nasser Javadpour, M.D., Nasser Javadpour, M.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Kevin J. O'Connell, M.D., Kevin J. O'Connell, M.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Ray E. Stutzman, M.D., Ray E. Stutzman, M.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar William A. Blattner, M.D. William A. Blattner, M.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 74, Issue 2, February 1985, Pages 377–381, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/74.2.377 Published: 01 February 1985 Article history Received: 02 July 1984 Accepted: 02 October 1984 Published: 01 February 1985
The Great Apes: A Study of Anthropoid Life.
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Propranolol and Quinidine in the Management of Ventricular Tachycardia
Authors: Leonard S. Dreifus
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Two cases of intermittent ventricular tachycardia were controlled by combined quinidine sulfate and propranolol hydrochloride therapy. Since quinidine and propanolol possess similar electrophysiological effects on the action potential of myocardial fibers, but different pharmacological actions on the heart and peripheral circulation, the use of relatively small doses of both agents may offer an effective approach in the management of intractable tachycardias.
A prospective, randomized trial of sclerotherapy versus ligation in the management of bleeding esophageal varices
Authors: Gin-Ho Lo, Kwok-Hung Lai, Jing-Shiung Cheng, Jia-Huey Hwu, Chia-Fu Chang, Sam-Ming Chen, Hung-Ting Chiang
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

We conducted a prospective, randomized trial comparing sclerotherapy and ligation in 120 patients with acute bleeding of esophageal varices. All the patients were cirrhotic, 59 received sclerotherapy, and 61 received ligation. Treatment was repeated regularly until the varices were obliterated. The mean follow-up period was 295 ± 120 days and 310 ± 105 days for the sclerotherapy and ligation groups, respectively. The control of active bleeding was 12/15 (80%) in the sclerotherapy group and 18/19 (94%) in the ligation group ( P = .23). The numbers of treatment sessions required to achieve variceal obliteration were 6.5 ± 1.2 in the sclerotherapy group and 3.8 ± 0.4 in the ligation group ( P &lt; .001). Recurrent bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract was 51% in the sclerotherapy group compared with 33% in the ligation group ( P &lt; .05). Recurrent bleeding from esophageal varices was 36% in the sclerotherapy group and 11% in the ligation group ( P &lt; .01). However, bleeding from ectopic varices and congestive gastropathy was less common in the sclerotherapy group (7%) than in the ligation group (18%) ( P = .05). Significant complications were encountered in 19% of the sclerotherapy group and in 3.3% of the ligation group ( P &lt; .01). Comparison of Kaplan-Meier estimates of time to death of both groups showed a significantly lower mortality in the ligation group ( P = .011). Both sclerotherapy and ligation can effectively arrest active bleeding from esophageal varices. However, ligation is more-effective than sclerotherapy in decreasing the risk of rebleeding from esophageal varices with fewer complications. Ligation can also achieve obliteration of esophageal varices more rapidly than sclerotherapy. Survival was significantly more improved after ligation than after sclerotherapy. However, there was a greater incidence of bleeding from sites other than the esophageal varices after ligation. (Hepatology 1995; 22:466-471.)