Abstract OT1-12-01: A phase III trial evaluating De-escalation of Breast Radiation (DEBRA) following breast-conserving surgery (BCS) of stage 1, HR+, HER2-, RS ≤18 breast cancer: NRG-BR007
Authors: Julia White, Reena S. Cecchini, Eleanor E. Harris, Eleftherios (Terry) Mamounas, Daniel Stover, Patricia A. Ganz, Reshma Jagsi, Carmen Bergom, Valérie Théberge, Mahmoud B. El-Tamer, Richard Zellars, Dean A. Shumway, Guang-Pei Chen, Stewart J. Anderson, Thomas B. Julian, Norman Wolmark, Wendy Rea
Journal: Cancer Research (2023)

Abstract BACKGROUND: Approximately 50% of newly diagnosed breast cancers are stage 1, with the majority being ER/PR-positive, HER2-negative. Genomic assays such as Oncotype DX® have identified pts with reduced distant metastasis and without benefit from chemotherapy, freeing patients from excess toxicity. Also, these genomic assays are prognostic of local-regional recurrence (LRR). The de-escalation of therapy is of interest to pts, providers, and payers. Low risk, as identified by Oncotype and Mammaprint®, is associated with low LRR after BCS and breast radiotherapy (RT). METHODS: We hypothesize that BCS alone is non-inferior to BCS plus RT for ipsilateral breast recurrence (IBR) and breast preservation in women intending appropriate endocrine therapy (ET) for stage 1 (ER and/or PR positive, HER2-negative, with an Oncotype DX Recurrence Score [RS] of ≤18) breast cancer. Stratification is by age (&amp;lt; 60; ≥60), tumor size (≤1 cm; &amp;gt;1-2cm), and RS (&amp;lt; 11; 11-18). Pts are randomized post-BCS to Arm 1 with breast RT using standard methods (hypo- or conventional-fractionated whole breast RT with or without boost, APBI) plus 5 years of ET (tamoxifen or AI) or Arm 2 with 5 years of ET (tamoxifen or AI) alone. The specific regimen of ET in both arms is at the treating physician’s discretion. Eligible pts are stage 1: pT1 (2 cm), pN0, age ≥50 to &amp;lt; 70 years, s/p BCS with negative margins (no ink on tumor), s/p axillary nodal staging (SNB or ALND), ER and/or PR positive (ASCO/CAP), HER2-negative (ASCO/CAP), and have an Oncotype DX RS of ≤18 (diagnostic core biopsy or resected specimen). Primary endpoint is IBR. Secondary endpoints are breast conservation rate, invasive in-breast recurrence, recurrence-free interval, distant disease-free survival, overall survival, patient-reported breast pain, patient-reported worry about recurrence, and adherence to ET. We assume a clinically acceptable difference in IBR of 4% at 10 years to judge omission of RT as non-inferior (10-year event-free survival for RT group is 95.6% versus 91.6% for the omission-of-RT group). The study is designed to be able to detect non-inferiority with 80% power and a one-sided α=0.025, and assuming that there would be a ramp-up in accrual in the first two years of the study (leveling off in Years 3-5), 1,670 (835 per arm) patients are required to be randomized. Conservative loss to follow-up is 1% per year. Some of the T1a pts screened will have Oncotype DX scores &amp;gt;18, making them ineligible for the study. In the accrual process, pts will be required to register (1,714 patients) to ensure that our final randomized cohort is 1,670 pts. Accrual as of 6-30-2022 is 169 screened and 147 randomized. Contact information: Protocol: CTSU member website: https://www.ctsu.org. NRG Oncology Pgh Clinical Coordinating Dpt: 1-800-477-7227 or ccdPGH@NRGOncology.org. Support: U10CA180868, -180822, UG1CA189867. NCT04852887. Citation Format: Julia White, Reena S. Cecchini, Eleanor E. Harris, Eleftherios (Terry) Mamounas, Daniel Stover, Patricia A. Ganz, Reshma Jagsi, Carmen Bergom, Valérie Théberge, Mahmoud B. El-Tamer, Richard Zellars, Dean A. Shumway, Guang-Pei Chen, Stewart J. Anderson, Thomas B. Julian, Norman Wolmark, Wendy Rea. A phase III trial evaluating De-escalation of Breast Radiation (DEBRA) following breast-conserving surgery (BCS) of stage 1, HR+, HER2-, RS ≤18 breast cancer: NRG-BR007 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr OT1-12-01.