tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Silent Retroperitoneal Fibrosis Associated With Methysergide Therapy
Authors: Arthur H. Elkind
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Intravenous urography was performed in 114 asymptomatic patients who had been treated with methysergide maleate for six months or longer. There were 13 abnormal urograms; 5 revealed congenital anomalies, and 5 showed medial deviation of the ureter but no other abnormalities. In three there was the characteristic picture of retroperitoneal fibrosis; two of these showed marked roentgenographic improvement after methysergide therapy was stopped, while in the third there was only partial improvement. Withdrawal of methysergide did not affect the medial deviation of the ureter. We recommend that a urogram be obtained at the start of methysergide therapy, and that urography be repeated at six-month intervals during therapy. Early recognition of silent ureteral obstruction may prevent renal damage, since the fibrosis usually regresses with drug withdrawal.
Role of neutral endopeptidase 24.11 in AV fistular rat model of heart failure
Authors: M. Wegner, C. Hirth-Dietrich, J.-P. Stasch
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1996)

Objective: The aortovenocaval fistular (AVF) rat represents a model of heart failure caused by increased cardiac volume overload and reduced renal function. Both circulating vasoconstrictors like the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and vasodilators like atrial and brain natriuretic peptides (ANP and BNP) are activated in this animal model of heart failure. In addition, neutral endopeptidase 24.11 (NEP) in plasma and urine is elevated in AVF rats. In the present investigation we examined the renal and hormonal effects of the NEP inhibitor, ecadotril, in acute and chronic studies in rats with an aortovenocaval fistula (AVF). Methods: Sprague Dawley rats (350–430 g) were prepared by introducing a shunt between abdominal aorta and the vena cava. Results: Acute administration of the neutral endopeptidase inhibitor, ecadotril (30 mg/kg p.o.), significantly improved the reduced renal excretion of sodium in AVF rats (83 ± 10 to 145 ± 14 μmol/kg/h, P < 0.01) but had no significant effect in sham-operated rats. However, neutral endopeptidase activity in urine was significantly decreased after ecadotril in both groups. Plasma ANP was increased after ecadotril only in AVF rats (275 ± 83 to 748 ± 187 pg/ml, P < 0.05), whereas the increase in plasma BNP was not statistically significant. After 4 weeks of observation the ANP and BNP plasma levels, renin activity (PRA), angiotensin I, and neutral endopeptidase activity were significantly higher in AVF rats than in sham-operated rats. Four weeks on ecadotril (30 mg/kg p.o., b.i.d.) increased plasma ANP (245 ± 48 as opposed to 450 ± 77 pg/ml, P < 0.05) and decreased PRA (11.3 ± 1.5 as opposed to 6.8 ± 1.2 ng/ml/h, P < 0.005) in AVF rats. Plasma NEP activity was inhibited in both groups. Ventricle weight was significantly higher in AVF rats than in sham-operated controls, and ecadotril treatment over 4 weeks decreased ventricular hypertrophy to a slight extent. Conclusion: These results indicate that in the AVF rat model of heart failure the neutral endopeptidase inhibitor, ecadotril, improves the reduced kidney function in AVF rats by raising natriuretic peptides in plasma and probably in urine. NEP inhibition with ecadotril could therefore offer useful therapeutic possibilities in the treatment of heart failure.
The Effect of Human Growth Hormone on Growth of Patients With Hypopituitarism
Authors: Philip H. Henneman
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Growth rates of 50 hypopituitary dwarfs averaged 0.25 cm/mo before and 0.65 cm/mo during initial treatment with human growth hormone (HGH). Studies by 11 groups of investigators showed growth rates on treatment decreased with time in at least one third of the patients and were slower or nil following therapy. The wide range of growth response made it impossible to relate responses to chronological age, bone age, or to specific HGH preparations. There was some evidence that growth responses were best in those patients receiving 20 to 45 mg of HGH per month.
Urokinase-Heparin Treatment of Embolism
Authors: Geza de Takats
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The elaborate study of urokinase in pulmonary embolism (<b>214</b>:2163, 1970) compared the effects of this enzyme with that of heparin. In this protocol, a patient weighing 150 lb receives a loading dose of 11,250 units of heparin followed by a constant heparin infusion of 1,500 units every hour for 12 hours, a total of an additional 18,000 units. In a massive sublethal pulmonary embolism, at least 60,000 units have been administered on my service since 1944. The incidence of bleeding is from 4% to 6%. The intermittent dosage not only favors the saturation of the blood around the thrombus and the storage in connective tissue, but seems to be tolerated much better since the body disposes or neutralizes the excess. It is not stated how much less heparin the patients needed after the urokinase infusion. Although the bleeding occurred in the first 24 hours of the
Renal Failure Associated With Captopril
Authors: Martin J. Schreiber
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We are beginning to see certain clinical situations wherein captopril therapy has been temporally associated with the development of acute renal failure.<sup>1,2</sup>For the most part, these observations have been made in persons exhibiting serious degrees of renal artery stenosis in the setting of a solitary kidney or with bilateral renal artery disease. We have observed two such persons (ages 63 and 55 years) with chronic renal failure (serum creatinine level, 3 to 4 mg/dL) and high-grade renal artery stenosis, both of whom had a solitary functioning kidney and experienced reversible renal failure (serum creatinine level, 7 to 7.3 mg/dL) concomitant with captopril administration. Although renal biopsies were not performed, clinical history, urinalysis, and rate of recovery after captopril therapy discontinuation argued against short-term toxic effects of the drug as being responsible for the renal failure. In patients with serious renal artery stenosis, overvigorous diuresis and/or
Evaluation of Hematuria
Authors: Leopold G. Koss
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article by George S. Benson, MD, and Eileen D. Brewer, MD, which addresses the issue of evaluation of hematuria in the adult (1981;246:993), fails to mention the cytological examination of the sediment of voided urine. This essential, noninvasive, and completely harmless procedure must be considered in the treatment of any adult patient with either microscopic or gross hematuria. The sediment may show the presence of an inflammatory process, may indicate the presence of a causative agent, and, most important, may indicate the presence of an occult cancer either in the bladder or elsewhere in the lower urinary tract. In fact, only by the use of this key laboratory method can one identify the nonpapillary carcinoma in situ of the bladder with its essentially negative cystoscopic findings and ominous prognosis.<sup>1,2</sup> The collections of the voided urine samples on three consecutive mornings (100 to 200 mL in
Circulating Immune Complex Levels in Patients With Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Anthony A. Rayner, M.D., Ross Berkowitz, M.D., Glenn Steele, Jr., M.D., F.A.C.S.
 6, Peter H. Schur, M.D., F.A.C.P., Mary L. Rodrick, Ph.D., Donald P. Goldstein, M.D., Paul J. Harte, M.B., F.R.C.S.(I), Richard E. Wilson, M.D., F.A.C.S., Norman Zamcheck, M.D., Alelia E. Munroe, B.S.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1982)

The clinical course, human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) levels, and serial circulating immune complex (CIC) levels in 21 patients with gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) were correlated for the evaluation of the relationship between CIC levels and trophoblastic tumor burden. CIC levels were normal in 18 of 21 patients at the time of presentation, and 2 of the 3 patients who presented with elevated CIC levels had significant comorbid disease (toxemia and hepatitis). Nine patients were followed into gonadotropin remission, and all 9 developed an increase in CIC levels at the time of remission. It was concluded that CIC, at least as measured by two antigen-nonspecific techniques, is generally not elevated at initial presentation in the patient with GTN; this lack of an elevation is probably due to marked tumor antigen excess. Thus the in vivo importance of CIC as a “blocker” of host antitumor response at this stage is doubtful. After effective treatment as HCG levels return to normal, the demonstrated elevation in serial levels of CIC may reflect a return of adequate host immune response at a time of minimal tumor burden.
The Relative Values of Public Health Procedures
Journal: JAMA (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Procedures for the Appropriate Management of Patients Who May Have Supportive Measures Withdrawn
Authors: Henry K. Beecher
Journal: JAMA (1969)

In cases where the brain death syndrome* is suspected, owing to the presence of most but not all of the required criteria, in other words when the physician is beginning to think along these lines, the findings should be recorded. At this time an electroencephalogram should be obtained and the results recorded. The EEG should be recorded from scalp or referential electrodes 10 cm or more apart with interelectrode resistance under 10,000 ohms (or impedance under 6,000 ohms). If no brain potentials exceed 2 microvolts, the state of electrocerebral silence is said to be present (Ad Hoc Committee of the American EEG Society, San Francisco, Sept 1968, to be published). If all of the findings are in accord with the brain death syndrome, follow with number 2. Call in a neurologist or a neurosurgeon, one of whom will be on call at all times. The physician and
The International Medical Congress
Authors: Charles F Deems, R S Cheves
Journal: BMJ (1900)

THIS Congress, which opened by an informal reception at the College of Physicians on Tuesday, has so far been a real success. It has brought together something like 2500 medical men, no less than 1000 being from abroad, and 500 from the provinces. Indeed, the attendance is more than double that of any previous Congress. Among the distinguished foreigners who attend the Congress are the following:—Dr. Fordyce Barker, New York; Dr. Billings, Washington; Dr. Bigelow, Boston; Professors Brown-Séquard, Paris; Chauveau, Lyons; Donders, Utrecht; Professors Holmgren, Upsala; His, Leipsic; Kölliker, Wurzburg; Klebs, Prague; Loven, Stockholm; Pasteur, Paris; Pflüger, Bonn; Panteleoni, Rome; Von Slawjansky, St. Petersburg; Stokvis, Amsterdam; Virchow, Berlin. A very large concourse of members thronged the rooms of the College on Tuesday, and crowded St. James's Hall yesterday morning, when Sir James Paget delivered the presidential address. The sectional meetings are being held in the rooms of the various scientific societies in the Burlington House region, and there are fifteen of them altogether. Prof. Virchow gave an address last night on “The Value of Pathological Experiments.” To-day Prof. Maurice Raynaud gives a general address on “Scepticism in Medicine”; to-morrow Dr. Billings of Washington gives an address on “Our Medical Literature”; and to-morrow night the Lord Mayor and Corporation receive the members in the Guildhall at a conversazione. On Saturday there will be several excursions, and Sir Joseph Hooker will hold a reception at Kew in the afternoon. On Monday at a general meeting Prof. Volkmann of Halle will lecture on “Modern Surgery”; and on Tuesday Prof. Huxley will lecture on “The Connection of the Biological Sciences with Medicine.” We this week give the opening address of Sir James Paget:—
Conditional immortalization of gunn rat hepatocytes: Anex vivo model for evaluating methods for bilirubin-UDP-glucuronosyltransferase gene transfer
Authors: Ira J. Fox, Namita Roy Chowdhury, Sanjeev Gupta, Ravi Kondapalli, Michael L. Schilsky, Richard J. Stockert, Jayanta Roy Chowdhury
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Viral vectors and protein carriers utilizing asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGR)-mediated endocytosis are being developed to transfer genes for the correction of bilirubin-UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (bilirubin-UGT) deficiency. Ex vivo evaluation of these gene transfer vectors would be facilitated by a cell system that lacks bilirubin-UGT, but expresses differentiated liver functions, including ASGR. We immortalized primary Gunn rat hepatocytes by transduction with a recombinant Moloney murine leukemia virus expressing a thermolabile mutant SV40 large T antigen (tsA58). At 33° C, the immortalized hepatocyte clones expressed SV40 large T antigen, synthesized DNA, and doubled in number every 2 to 3 days. At this temperature, differentiated hepatocyte markers, e.g., albumin, ASGR, and androsterone-UGT, were expressed at 5% to 10% of the levels found in primary hepatocytes maintained in culture for 24 hours. Glutathione-S-transferase Yp (GST-Yp), an oncofetal protein, was expressed in these cells at 33° C, but was undetectable in primary hepatocytes. In contrast, when the cells were cultured at 39° C or 37° C, the large T antigen was degraded, DNA synthesis and cell growth stopped, and morphologic characteristics of differentiated hepatocytes were observed. The expression of albumin, ASGR, and androsterone-UGT, and their corresponding mRNAs, increased to 25% to 40% of the level in primary hepatocytes, whereas GST-Yp expression decreased. Functionality of ASGR was demonstrated by internalization of Texas red-labeled asialoorosomucoid, and binding and degradation of 125I-asialoorosomucoid. After liposome-mediated transfer of a plasmid containing the coding region of human bilirubin-UGT1, driven by the SV40 large T promoter, active human bilirubin-UGT1 was expressed in these cells. The immortalized cells were not tumorigenic after transplantation into severe combined immunodeficiency mice. These conditionally immortalized cells will be useful ex vivo evaluation of builirubin-UGT gene transfer vectors.
Methadone Treatment of Heroin Addicts
Authors: William H. Dobbs
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Of a random sample of 100 clinic patients receiving methadone maintenance treatment, a majority were still using heroin. The most puzzling finding was that patients who had been in treatment the longest (four to six months) showed evidence of a higher rate of heroin usage than recently admitted patients. A longer-term follow-up study of the same sample group is clearly of some importance, and side-effects of treatment warrant more careful study. There is reasonably strong clinical evidence that methadone is abused.
Ethical, Social and Legal Dimensions of Screening for Human Genetic Disease
Authors: A. E. H. Emery
Journal: BMJ (1975)

This comprehensive monograph owes its inception to an academic study of cell populations in carcinoma of the bladder begun by the editors several yea-rs ago.The subject matter has since been greatly ex- panded, largely as the result of an international meeting on bladder cancer held in Leeds in 1971.With the assistance of several well-known contributors firom Europe and *the U.S.A. the book covers a wide range of
Highlights of This Issue
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2013)

Very few phase I trials of oncology drug combinations report clinically significant pharmacokinetic interactions.Hypothesizing that the utility of these studies may be low in the absence of a mechanistic basis, Wu and colleagues conducted a literature review of pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction studies embedded within phase I oncology trials over a 5-year period.A strong association between lack of mechanistic preclinical rationale and lack of demonstrable drug interaction was observed.This study provides evidence that pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction studies should not be routinely performed in phase I trials with coadministered oncology drugs when there is no scientific justification. Clinical and Molecular Profiles of cMBL versus Rai0-CLL
Differentiating Dementia From Normal
Authors: Roland J. Branconnier
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I read with interest the article by Drs Eslinger et al<sup>1</sup>entitled "Neuropsychological Detection of Abnormal Mental Decline in Older Persons." The article described a brief neuropsychological test battery that correctly classified 87% of normal controls and dementias in a validation study, and 89% in a subsequent cross-validation study. The method the authors used to discriminate between the normals and dementias was a stepwise linear discriminant-function analysis that used scores from eight neuropsychological tests as potential predictors. This statistical method maximizes the identification of true-positive and true-negative cases, with a minimum number of predictors, and thus optimizes for a parameter called "test efficiency."<sup>2,3</sup>However, my colleagues and I have questioned the value of test efficiency as the appropriate characteristic to be maximized in diagnostic screening tests for dementia.<sup>4</sup> Galen and Gambino<sup>3</sup>stress that high test efficiency is desirable when a disease is serious
Psychiatric Clinics for Children with Special Reference to State Programs
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Significant Seventies
Authors: Gerald D. Dorman
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Today is the last time a President of the AMA will address this House of Delegates in the 1960's. The next time we convene, the world, this nation and our profession will have passed a new decade. This is a good time to reassess ourselves and consider the future challenges and opportunities of the next decade. It seems to me we are in a unique position in our history and that the seventies may be important enough to be dubbed the significant seventies. This is not sentimental optimism. It is based on my contacts this year throughout our country, where I have seen progress in many areas and have met thousands of persons who are concerned about the future of medicine. We who are gathered here this week represent those thousands as we work on the programs, policies, activities, and direction of the medical profession, and its allies. The seventies
Physician Group Declares War on Land Mine Injuries
Authors: Andrew A. Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1997)

PHYSICIANS Against Land Mines (PALM)—a not-for-profit organization of health care professionals and other self-defined "people of conscience"—is establishing a center for the prevention and treatment of land-mine injuries. Land mines are deployed in more than 60 countries around the world, according to a PALM spokesperson. Each year at least 1 million additional land mines are sown, and each year another 25 000 men, women, and children are killed or maimed by these devices. "We urgently need an immediate and comprehensive ban on these weapons and expanded access to treatment," said William Kennedy Smith, MD, president of the Chicago-based organization and a staff physician at the Veterans Administration Chicago Health Care System Lakeside Division, in a recent interview. "The United States should be the first country to respond [to the problem]." To advance the medical care of land mine survivors, PALM will work with international experts in cooperation with 2 other Chicago-based
The Importance of Epithelial Uptake Systems in Lung Toxicity
Authors: Lewis L. Smith, Christian P. L. Lewis, Ian Wyatt, Gerald M. Cohen
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

The discovery that the herbicide paraquat was selectively accumulated by the lung, both in vivo and in vitro, in comparison with other tissues, provided an explanation for its selective toxicity to the lung.This uptake process is energy dependent and obeys saturation kinetics.A characterization ofthe process led to the identification of endogenous chemicals that are the natural substrates for the system.Among these are a series of diamines and polyamines, as well as the diaminodisulfide cystamine.It appears that paraquat, because of specific structural similarities to these endogenous polyamines, is mistakenly accumulated by the lung.This uptake process is specifically located in the alveolar Type II cell, the Clara cell, and probably the alveolar Type I cell.With the development of knowledge of the structural requirements of chemicals to be accumulated by this system, it is possible to predict which chemicals will be accumulated by the lung or design molecules that are targeted to the alveolar epithelial and Clara cells.In the wider perspective, this polyamine uptake system has been found on a number of cancerous cells or tissues.With the knowledge of the uptake system in the lung, it should be possible to design drugs that will be specifically concentrated in cells that possess this system.