tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Highlights of This Issue
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2014)

The selection of patients for organ preservation approaches based on risk of recurrence is of critical importance. Psyrri and colleagues used standardized, quantitative immunofluorescence to evaluate correlation between tissue biomarker expression and clinical outcome in a phase II trial of induction chemotherapy with weekly cetuximab, paclitaxel, and carboplatin followed by chemoradiation with the same regimen in operable HNSCC (E2303). Clustering analysis revealed that clusters indicative of activated RAS/MAPK/ERK and/or PI3K/Akt pathways were associated with inferior OS and/or PFS and maintained significance in multivariable analysis. These results should be validated in large prospective studies.Although gliomas with isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) and IDH2 mutations have a better prognosis, most eventually transform to more aggressive tumors. To identify the genetic events that drive this later malignant behavior, Wakimoto and colleagues tested patient IDH-mutant gliomas for their ability to generate orthotopic xenografts in mice. The authors found that IDH-mutant gliomas that formed xenograft in mouse brain were enriched in cancer driver mutations. In patients, presence of these driver mutations was associated with more rapid subsequent progression. Identification of recurrent, targetable driver mutations provides novel therapeutic opportunities for patients with the most refractory IDH-mutant gliomas.Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a high-risk disease but has limited treatment options because of the absence of currently identified therapeutic targets. To explore more effective therapeutic methods, Pan and colleagues retrospectively analyzed the clinical activity of sequential cytokine-induced killer cells (CIK) infusion and chemotherapy for post-mastectomy TNBC patients. The data show that additional CIK treatment significantly enhanced the disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) rate in TNBC patients, and particularly benefited the high-risk cohort. This study represents the basis of further research into the development of optimized treatment strategies for this unique cohort of breast cancer patients.Recent data suggest that KRAS mutations in codon 13 may not represent an aggressive phenotype, in contrast to codon 12 mutations. Yoon and colleagues examined the prognostic impact of the seven most common KRAS mutations in stage III colon adenocarcinomas from a large adjuvant trial. KRAS mutations, including those in codon 13 only, were associated with inferior survival compared with tumors with wild-type KRAS and BRAF. These data demonstrate the adverse prognostic impact of codon 13 mutations for the first time in nonmetastatic colon cancer and highlight the importance of mutations in both codons in the progression of this malignancy.
My Dear Colleague: Are You Considering Suicide?
Authors: Victor M. Victoroff
Journal: JAMA (1985)

I SAT in one of those uncomfortable metal folding chairs the director set about the funeral parlor to accommodate overflow guests. The "dearly beloved deceased," a physician suicide, lay on white satin, his face spray-painted in mortuary pink and green. His eyes were closed; a faint, supercilious sneer distorted his mouth, a failure of reconstructive efforts to conceal facial injury suffered when he drove his car into a bridge abutment. At the age of 45, his life was smashed. The shards of what was left sat about me. His wife sat rigid, stiff-backed, and grim, staring with contempt at the minister as we listened to boiler-plate platitudes. An older brother sat across the aisle from her. A 6-year-old child, wide-eyed and uncomprehending, stood next to her mother, whose arm circled her shoulders. In the adjoining chair, a 12-year-old boy sat sobbing. The new widow extended her hand to cover his.
Huge Pericardial Effusion of 15 Years' Duration
Authors: William Dressler
Journal: JAMA (1966)

THE CASE OF chronic pericardial effusion to be reported here is remarkable for the huge size of the effusion, the long duration, and the scarcity of symptoms. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 62-year-old woman was admitted to the Maimonides Hospital on March 30, 1964, because of tiredness, cough, and mild shortness of breath. There was no history of rheumatic fever. The patient was told that she had an elevated blood pressure which required no treatment. She had been remarkably free of cardiac complaints. In school, she participated in all kinds of physical activities. At the age of 28, she went through pregnancy and delivery without any difficulty. Fifteen years ago, the patient learned for the first time that she had an "enlarged heart." An x-ray film of the chest, which was taken 12 years prior to admission, showed bilateral enlargement of the cardiac silhouette (Fig 1, left). In the following
Dose-Response Studies on the Carcinogenicity of Potassium Bromate in F344 Rats After Long-Term Oral Administration&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Yuji Kurokawa, Shigenobu Aoki, Yuko Matsushima, Naoko Takamura, Takayoshi Imazawa, Yuzo Hayashi
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1986)

Dose-response studies on the carcinogenicity of potassium bromate (KBrO3), a food additive, were undertaken to examine its effects at low doses. A total of 148 6-week-old male inbred F344 rats were divided into 7 groups. They were given KBrO3 orally in their drinking water at doses of 500, 250, 125, 60, 30, 15, and 0 ppm for 104 weeks, at the end of which time all the surviving animals were autopsied and then examined histopathologically. Shortening of the survival times and marked inhibition of body weight increase were observed in a group given 500 ppm KBrO3. The combined incidences of renal adenocarcinomas and adenomas were significantly increased in rats treated with KBrO3at doses of 500, 250, and 125 ppm in a dose-related manner. The dose-response curve showed a sigmoid appearance. The value for the virtually safe dose (VSD), calculated by the probit model, was 0.950 ppm KBrO3 at a risk level of 10−6. However, significant increases in the occurrence of dysplastic foci of the kidney were found in groups at doses higher than 30 ppm KBrO3. The VSD value for the dysplastic foci estimated by the gamma-multi-hit model was 0.148×10−3 ppm KBrO3 at a risk level of 10−6. In a group treated with 500 ppm KBrO3, the combined incidences for follicular adenocarcinomas and adenomas of the thyroid and for mesotheliomas of the peritoneum were shown to be significantly increased.
Kaposi's Sarcoma, Vascular Permeability, and Scientific Integrity
Authors: Phillip D. Markham
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —As a longtime reader of<i>JAMA</i>, I was somewhat surprised by the report by Dr Witte and colleagues.<sup>1</sup>Specifically, I was surprised that<i>JAMA</i>'s editors and reviewers would have an interest in publishing a report whose only credible claim is that artifacts can be found or induced in biological systems if one tries hard enough to find or induce them. Hardly a noteworthy observation. Regarding other issues raised in the report by Witte et al questioning the validity of the article published by Nakamura et al,<sup>2</sup>I fail to see any logical or scientific merit to justify the authors' concerns. The authors' claim that they "were unable to confirm some of the pivotal findings," which led them to state that "the original conclusions... are highly dubious," is simply not justified by anything presented in their report. I have been involved for a number of
THE AMERICAN PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOCIATION.
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen in Blast Crisis Cells of Patients With Chronic Myeloid Leukemia&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1984)

A nuclear antigen associated with cell proliferation [proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)] and blast transformation is recognized by autoantibodies in the sera of some patients with systemic lupus erythematosus; these autoantibodies are precipitating antibodies and also react in immunofluorescence, a technique that was used to determine if PCNA might be expressed in leukocytes of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) during certain phases of their disease. At all times, a strong relationship was seen between the percentage of cells stained by anti-PCNA antibody and the percentage of blast cells in peripheral blood leukocytes (r)=0.865, P<.001. However, during blast crisis, certain cells that morphologically looked like myelocytes, metamyelocytes, and some cells with segmented nuclei stained with anti-PCNA serum. This staining, which remained nuclear in location, was less intense than in blast cells, suggesting low density of the antigen in these nonblast cells. This phenomenon was not observed in myelocytes or metamyelocytes obtained from patients in remission. These initial studies demonstrated that anti-PCNA can be used as a reagent to detect blast cells in CML crisis and also has the capability to detect PCNA in other cells associated with blast crisis.
Awards, Appointments, Announcements
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1995)

Awards, Appointments, Announcements Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 87, Issue 14, 19 July 1995, Pages 1054–1055, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/87.14.1054 Published: 19 July 1995
Plasma Thiamine Levels With Hemodialysis
Authors: Toyoo Niwa
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> During hemodialysis, both metabolic products and useful biologic materials may be filtered away. We wish to report a study of possible thiamine loss during maintenance dialysis. Plasma was obtained from 13 patients with chronic renal failure who had been treated by dialysis two to three times weekly for 10 to 14 months at the Ogaki Municipal Hospital. They had been maintained with a diet of 40 calories and 1.5 gm of protein per kilogram of body weight with 5 gm of sodium chloride daily. Ten healthy individuals served as normal controls. Plasma total thiamine level was determined by the fluoroscopic method of Fujiwara (<i>Vitamin</i><b>9</b>:178, 1951). Plasma total thiamine level varied considerably from patient to patient (Table 1). Mean values in patient andcontrols were 25.1/μg ± 16.9μg/ deciliter and 15.2/μg ± 3.7μg/dl, respectively. The value tended to be elevated in the patients but the difference
Lead Poisoning Among Low-Income Children in Orange County, California
Authors: George A. Gellert
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To estimate the prevalence of elevated lead levels among children in Orange County, California, and to evaluate the appropriateness of a universal pediatric blood lead screening policy in this community. <h3>Design.</h3> —Venous blood lead testing was conducted and results were analyzed according to seven blood lead strata ranging from less than 0.50 μmol/L (10 μg/ dL) to 3.35 μmol/L (70 μg/dL) or higher. A cost analysis of the lead-testing program in Orange County was conducted. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Children meeting poverty eligibility criteria and attending the Child Health and Disability Prevention Program, the state's implementation of the federal Early and Periodic Screening, Diagnosis and Treatment (EPSDT) services program. <h3>Participants.</h3> —A total of 5115 Orange County children between 12 and 72 months of age using EPSDT services from March through December 1992. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Blood lead levels and associated costs of the testing program stratified by level of blood lead elevation. <h3>Results.</h3> —Blood lead levels of 0.50 μmol/L (10 μg/dL or higher were found in 371 children (7.25%; 95% confidence interval, 6.66% to 7.85%), but only six children (0.12%; 95% confidence interval, 0.04% to 0.20%) had elevations greater than 1.20 μmol/L (25 μg/dL). Five children (83.3%) had histories of lead consumption unrelated to ingestion of lead-containing paint but related to the use of lead-containing folk remedies and cooking utensils. Costs for detection of children with blood levels elevated to 0.50 μmol/L (10 μg/dL) or higher was $310 per child and for levels of 1.20 μmol/L (25 μg/dL) or higher was $19139 per child. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —These data suggest that lead poisoning is not a major public health problem among Orange County children and detection of infrequent cases would involve a high cost per child. In jurisdictions with newer housing, initial screening for a history of possible lead exposure alone may offer reasonable efficacy that is cost-effective. The scope of lead-testing programs should be determined according to local needs and conditions. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1993;270:69-71)
Delayed Sterilization of Haemophilus influenzae Type b Meningitis With Twice-Daily Ceftriaxone
Authors: Richard F. Jacobs
Journal: JAMA (1988)

THE CURRENT recommendation for the treatment of bacterial meningitis in children older than 3 months of age is the combination of ampicillin sodium and chloramphenicol sodium succinate.<sup>1,2</sup>Concern about the toxicity of chloramphenicol and the potential resistance of bacteria to both drugs has prompted investigation of other agents. In both of the official American Academy of Pediatrics publications, specific second- and third-generation cephalosporins are recommended as possible alternatives to initial therapy.<sup>1,2</sup>The relatively low toxicity, the excellent penetration of these drugs into cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and the marked sensitivity (minimal inhibitory concentration [MIC] and bactericidal titers) of pediatric isolates that cause meningitis have made these single-drug regimens attractive to clinicians.<sup>3-6</sup>Recent clinical studies have demonstrated the efficacy of ceftriaxone in treating bacterial meningitis in children.<sup>7-10</sup>We describe an infant with<i>Haemophilus influenzae</i>, type b bacteremia and pneumonia who had a positive CSF culture for<i>H influenzae</i>
Love Canal Revisited
Authors: Sheldon Wolff
Journal: JAMA (1984)

In 1980 the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) released the results of a pilot cytogenetic study of 36 self-selected residents of the Love Canal area in Niagara Falls, NY. This area had previously been used as a chemical dump site and now could only be regarded as an ecological disaster area. After being told the results of the initial cytogenetic tests performed on their peripheral blood lymphocytes, many of the residents were terrified. Some appeared on national television emotionally bemoaning the "fact" that they now were going to get cancer because their blood cells contained chromosomal aberrations. The issue was so important that the US Department of Health and Human Services sent in a team of extramural experts to look at the data and the report that had led to so much anguish among those tested. The team was not allowed to see the data but did write a statement criticizing
Global campaign to eradicate malaria
Authors: S. Meek, J. Edmondson, D. Carroll, D H Molyneux, G Barnish, S Looreesuwan, B Liese, J Hemingway
Journal: BMJ (2001)

summarises some of the key issues raised at the fourth global partners' meeting for Roll Back Malaria.1 As he says, more and rapid action is desperately needed at country level.
Biology, General and Medical.
Journal: JAMA (1910)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Incidence of Childhood Tumors in Shanghai, 1973-77
Authors: Ji-tao Tu, Frederick P. Li
 6
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1983)

Data of the Shanghai Tumor Registry were analyzed for incidence of cancer in children under 15 years of age, 1973-77. The incidence of all malignant neoplasms combined was 104.7 per million boys and 89.2 per million girls. Leukemia, brain tumors, and lymphomas comprised 70% of all childhood tumors in Shanghai. Compared with U.S. whites, Shanghai children had higher rates of myeloid leukemia and liver cancer and lower rates of lymphoid cancers and tumors of the kidney, eye, soft tissue, and testis. Effects of migration on tumor rates among Chinese children are largely unknown and merit additional study.
Особливості функціонального стану жовчного міхура, сфінктера Одді та моторно-евакуаторної функції шлунка у хворих на гастроезофагеальну рефлюксну хворобу
Authors: T.V. Maikova, L.M. Mosiychuk, Petishko O.P. Petishko O.P.
Journal: GASTROENTEROLOGY (2014)

Вивчено особливості функціонального стану жовчного міхура, сфінктера Одді та моторно-евакуаторної функції шлунка у 30 хворих на гастроезофагеальну рефлюксну хворобу (ГЕРХ), поєднану з дисфункцією біліарної системи. Встановлено, що ГЕРХ у 63 % пацієнтів супроводжується дисфункцією жовчного міхура переважно гіпокінетичного та гіпотонічного типу, а у 77 % — дисфункцією сфінктера Одді з переважанням його гіпотонусу. Дуоденогастральний рефлюкс спостерігався у 47 % хворих на ГЕРХ та асоціювався як із гіпотонусом сфінктера Одді, так і з гіпотонічно-гіпокінетичною дисфункцією жовчного міхура та корелював із розвитком дискератозу слизової оболонки стравоходу. Порушення моторно-евакуаторної функції шлунка з брадигастрією та збільшенням часу евакуації мало місце майже в усіх пацієнтів із ГЕРХ.
SPIRITUALISM AND INSANITY.
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Present Status of Psychiatric Theory
Authors: SILVANO ARIETI
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1968)

In reviewing some contemporary issues in psychiatric theory, the author concludes that the mind-body split remains as an unsolved problem and a focus of discomfort for theoreticians. He feels that while many concepts of classic and neo-Freudian psychoanalysis must be recognized as valuable and durable contributions, others are in need of revision. Among the areas he believes to be most in need of consideration is cognition.
Biological Reactions Caused by Electric Currents and by X-Rays: A Theoretical Study of the Phenomena of Excitation in the Nerve by Different Electric Currents and of the Biological Reactions Caused by X-Rays, Both Based Upon a Common Principle
Journal: JAMA (1949)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal