tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
RIO DE JANEIRO
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Emergence of drug-resistant pneumococcal infections in the United States
Authors: R. F. Breiman
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To estimate drug susceptibility patterns of<i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>in selected hospitals in the United States and to characterize the epidemiology of invasive drug-resistant pneumococcal infections. <h3>Design.</h3> —Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for a variety of commonly used antimicrobial drugs were determined for pneumococcal isolates submitted to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Risk factors for drug-resistant pneumococcal infection were evaluated. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Hospital laboratories in the United States submitting pneumococcal isolates to the CDC between October 1, 1991, and September 30, 1992. <h3>Participants.</h3> —A total of 544 persons with pneumococci isolated from normally sterile sites. <h3>Results.</h3> —A total of 13 hospitals in 12 states actively participated in an ongoing pneumococcal surveillance study. Resistance to penicillin was detected in 6.6% of isolates, including 1.3% of isolates with MICs of 2.0 μg/mL or more (compared with &lt;0.02% of isolates with MIC ≥2.0 μg/mL identified by CDC surveillance from 1979 to 1987). A total of 16.4% were resistant to at least one of the following drugs or drug classes: penicillin, cephalosporins, macrolides, combination trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole, and chloramphenicol. Six serotypes (6B, 23F, 14, 9V, 19A, and 19F) accounted for nearly 85% of strains resistant to at least one drug class. Children were more likely than adults to be infected with strains resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, erythromycin, or chloramphenicol. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Emergence of drug-resistant pneumococcal infections will present critical challenges to clinicians for treating patients with pneumococcal disease. Widened and intensified surveillance is needed. These data suggest that current recommendations for use of 23-valent pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide vaccines should be aggressively promoted and that development and evaluation of new conjugate pneumococcal vaccines may be a crucial part of strategies for prevention. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1994;271:1831-1835)
Lead Poisoning from Homemade Wine: A Case Study
Authors: Sam Mangas, Renuka Visvanathan, Mike van Alphen
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

A 66-year-old man suffered the symptoms of severe lead poisoning for 2 years before diagnosis. The man had a blood lead level (PbB) on admission to hospital of 98 microg/dL. A detailed investigation revealed that the poisoning occurred as a result of drinking a homemade red wine, for which analyses showed a lead concentration up to 14 mg/L--70 times the Australian maximum limit for lead in wine. The source of the lead was a highly corroded enamel bathtub in which grape crushings and juice were stored for a week prior to bottling. The corrosion of the enamel surface of the bathtub had resulted in pitted patches up to 1 mm in depth along the side of the bathtub. Powdering of the tub surface was evident below a level where wine had been in contact with the sides of the tub. The homemade wine had a pH of 3.8, which would have greatly contributed to the solubilization of metals from the glaze. We conducted a test in which commercial red wine of similar pH and containing < 0.2 mg/L lead was placed in this tub for 7 days. Subsequent testing revealed a lead level of 310 mg/L. This high lead concentration is consistent with the surface area of enamel on the bathtub being in contact with a small liquid volume as in the case of the leaching test using commercial red wine. This case study highlights the importance of the use of food-grade materials for the preparation and storage of homemade beverages or food.
CORRESPONDENCE
Authors: Carl Atkins, David Alberts, David Macdonald
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

To the Editor: I disagree with Alberts et al 1 when they contend that intraperitoneal chemotherapy should be considered standard treatment for stage III ovarian cancer.The editorialists seem surprised that this treatment approach has not received widespread acceptance despite "three positive phase III trials."However, the Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG) study, GOG-172, 2 has been reported only in abstract form without mature survival data, and the GOG-114 3 showed marginally significant survival improvement using a regimen that the authors themselves rejected as too toxic for further study.The earlier Intergroup trial 4 is equally problematic, as the survival difference was small, with about a 4% difference in 6-year overall survival, overlapping confidence intervals for median survival (42% to 54% with and 35% to 45% without intraperitoneal treatment), and two treatment-related deaths in the intraperitoneal chemotherapy group.In addition, there was no treatment benefit seen in that study for the subgroup of patients with minimal residual disease.This argues against the editorialists' claim that the benefit of intraperitoneal chemotherapy is based on a "well-established pharmacologic principle."Furthermore, the Intergroup study was conducted before the availability of taxanes, and therefore, the control group received only cyclophosphamide and cisplatin.It remains to be seen whether the small improvement in survival with intraperitoneal chemotherapy can be more easily obtained with the use of better systemic therapy.Before we subject all patients with optimally debulked stage III ovarian cancer to the inconvenience and toxicity of intraperitoneal therapy, we must first demonstrate that it is worth the bother.It would seem prudent to await the publication of mature survival and toxicity data from the GOG-172 study.
Intensive Livestock Operations, Health, and Quality of Life among Eastern North Carolina Residents
Authors: Steve Wing, Susanne Wolf
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

People who live near industrial swine operations have reported decreased health and quality of life. To investigate these issues, we surveyed residents of three rural communities, one in the vicinity of an approximately 6,000-head hog operation, one in the vicinity of two intensive cattle operations, and a third rural agricultural area without livestock operations that use liquid waste management systems. Trained interviewers obtained information about health symptoms and reduced quality of life during the previous 6 months. We completed 155 interviews, with a refusal rate of 14%. Community differences in the mean number of episodes were compared with adjustment for age, sex, smoking, and employment status. The average number of episodes of many symptoms was similar in the three communities; however, certain respiratory and gastrointestinal problems and mucous membrane irritation were elevated among residents in the vicinity of the hog operation. Residents in the vicinity of the hog operation reported increased occurrences of headaches, runny nose, sore throat, excessive coughing, diarrhea, and burning eyes as compared to residents of the community with no intensive livestock operations. Quality of life, as indicated by the number of times residents could not open their windows or go outside even in nice weather, was similar in the control and the community in the vicinity of the cattle operation but greatly reduced among residents near the hog operation. Respiratory and mucous membrane effects were consistent with the results of studies of occupational exposures among swine confinement-house workers and previous findings for neighbors of intensive swine operations. Long-term physical and mental health impacts could not be investigated in this study.
Aneurysm of the Splenic Artery with Calcification
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Management of relapse and survival in advanced stage Hodgkin's disease: The EORTC experience
Authors: J.M.V. Burgers, R. Somers, M. Henry-Amar, M. Tarayre, P. Carde, J. Thomas, A. Hagenbeek, M. Monconduit, B.E. de Pauw, W.P.M. Breed, L. Verdonck, M. Hayat, R. Zittoun
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1991)
Diagnosis of pneumonia II
Authors: M. T. Garrouste, O. Marie, S. Chevret, N. Popoff, G. Leleu, M. Rouveau, G. Arlet, S. Villiers, B. Schlemmer, C. Arich, C. Bengler, F. Lemesle, C. Gervais, J. Y. Delhoume, A. Proust, N. Bouzige, A. Gouby, J. Vallès, N. Bonsoms, R. Fernández, J. Mestre, L. Matas, A. Artigas, F. Verra, P. Legrand, F. Lebargy, L. Brochard, J. Bignon, C. Brun-Buisson, S. Aubas, S. Bartholomee, J. P. Roustan, H. Darbas, J. du Cailar, M. El-Ebiary, A. Torres, J. González, M. Ferrer, J. Puig de la Bellacasa, M. T. Jiménez de Anta, R. Rodriguez-Roisin
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (1992)
Olympics Reflect Different Philosophies
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Diagnosis and management of patient noncompliance
Authors: R. F. Gillum
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Patient noncompliance with medical regimens is one of the major unsolved therapeutic problems confronting the medical profession today. Physicians have great difficulty identifying and dealing with noncompliers. A critical review of the literature has disclosed that the factors most consistently related to noncompliance are (1) psychological factors, (2) environmental and social factors, (3) characteristics of the therapeutic regimen, and (4) properties of the physician-patient interaction. Based on this information, a strategy for the improved diagnosis and management of noncompliance is feasible. (<i>JAMA</i>228:1563-1567, 1974)
Deaths
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Injury Prevention
Authors: Jonathan D. Eldredge
Journal: JAMA (1997)

We live in a dangerous world. During 1994 alone there were 92 000 deaths due to unintentional injuries, while homicide and suicide accounted for another 55 000 deaths in the United States. Deaths do not tell the complete story. In the same year, unintentional injuries caused over 18 million disabilities, costing an estimated $440 billion dollars.<sup>1,2</sup>Injuries continue to be the most common cause of death for Americans from birth until 44 years of age.<sup>3</sup> It seems ironic, then, that until 1995, no perr-reviewed medical journal focused primarily on the prevention of this leading cause of morbidity and mortality.<i>Injury Prevention</i>provides an international, multidisciplinary forum for research related to reducing the number and severity of child and adolescent injuries. The recently formed International Society of Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention
Campylobacter infection associated with raw milk. An outbreak of gastroenteritis due to Campylobacter jejuni and thermotolerant Campylobacter fetus subsp fetus
Authors: B. S. Klein
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Raw milk is identified with increasing numbers of outbreaks of gastroenteritis and is an important vehicle for transmission of<i>Campylobacter infection</i>. Unlike<i>Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter fetus</i>subsp<i>fetus</i>has not been associated with common-source outbreaks of gastroenteritis. This report describes an outbreak of gastroenteritis involving<i>C jejuni</i>and a thermotolerant strain of<i>C fetus</i>subsp<i>fetus</i>associated with raw milk. Fifteen (39%) of 38 persons who attended a banquet in Wisconsin in June 1982 developed acute gastroenteritis. Stool specimens were obtained from nine ill guests; four yielded<i>C jejuni</i>and three yielded<i>C fetus</i>subsp<i>fetus</i>. The<i>C fetus</i>subsp<i>fetus</i>isolates were identified fortuitously, in part because of unusual thermotolerance (growth at 42 °C), permitting isolation at temperature appropriate for<i>C jejuni</i>. Survey results implicated raw milk as the source of the outbreak. Findings provide evidence of a potentially emergent milkborne pathogen contributing to the risk of raw milk consumption and suggest that current diagnostic laboratory techniques may fail to identify significant foodborne agents. (<i>JAMA</i>1986;255:361-364)
Invasive Cervical Cancer Among Hispanic and Non-Hispanic Women—United States, 1992-1999
Journal: JAMA (2003)

During 1973-1999, both the incidence of and death rates for cervical cancer decreased approximately 50% in the United States. For 2002, approximately 13,000 new cases of invasive cervical cancer are expected, and approximately 4,100 women will die of the disease. Although invasive cervical cancer can be prevented by regular screening, the prevalence of Papanicolaou (Pap) testing remains relatively low among minority populations such as Hispanic women. To characterize the incidence of invasive cervical cancer, CDC analyzed incidence data for Hispanic and non-Hispanic women during 1992-1999 in 11 geographic areas with population-based registries. This report summarizes the results of this analysis, which indicate that the incidence of invasive cervical cancer decreased for Hispanic and non-Hispanic women. However, among women aged > or = 30 years, cervical cancer incidence for Hispanic women was approximately twice that for non-Hispanic women. To lower the incidence of invasive cervical cancer, local health organizations should provide culturally appropriate public health interventions that encourage participation in readily accessible cervical cancer-screening programs.
Antifibrogenic effect of a deletion variant of hepatocyte growth factor on liver fibrosis in rats
Authors: H Yasuda, E Imai, A Shiota, N Fujise, T Morinaga, K Higashio
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

Hepatic fibrosis, which may lead to cirrhosis, is associated with most chronic liver diseases. Current therapies for hepatic fibrosis are, however, generally ineffective. In this report we assessed the efficacy of the treatment of hepatic fibrosis with a naturally occurring deletion variant of hepatocyte growth factor (dHGF). The administration of dHGF increased liver weight and suppressed the increase of hepatic collagen content in rats treated with dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) to induce hepatic fibrosis. Furthermore, dHGF exerted its mitogenic and antifibrogenic activities even after the liver fibrosis had been established with DMN. Northern blot analysis showed that dHGF suppressed the increase of messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of procollagen α2(I), αl(III), α1(IV), transforming growth factor β1 (TGF–β1), desmin (a marker of hepatic lipocytes), and α–smooth muscle (sm)–actin (a marker of activated hepatic lipocytes). In addition to suppressing the elevated TGF–β1, mRNA level in hepatic fibrosis, dHGF had a potent ability to decrease TGF–β1 mRNA level even in a normal liver. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that desmin–positive cells and α–sm–actin–positive cells were increased in the hepatic fibrosis, whereas neither cells were seen in livers of DMN–treated rats given dHGF. We conclude that dHGF prevents and improves the DMN–induced hepatic fibrosis in rats by reducing mRNA levels of procollagens and TGF–β1, by inhibiting an activation of hepatic lipocytes, and by stimulating liver regeneration. dHGF may be useful for and applicable to the treatment of fibrosis in chronic liver diseases.
LAWSON TAIT ON FIBROIDS OF THE UTERUS.
Journal: JAMA (1889)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
True Hermaphroditism
Authors: M. A. Wood
Journal: BMJ (1948)

disease and the writing of 82 letters to consultants and hospitals concerning patients.In all 70 patients were referred for a second opinion and 13 sent to hospital direct, as immediate emergencies.Of the visits, 16 were night-calls between 10 p.m. and 8 a.m.An attempt has been made to classify the types of illness from which the patients were suffering, though it speedily be- came obvious that such a classification could, at best, be only a very rough one and that while certain categories could be clearly defined others tended to overlap considerably.A classification by systems of the body was also undertaken.The results are shown in tabular form below, excluding all midwifery.
A MATTER OF PRIORITY.
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal