tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Calcified Hemangioma of the Spleen
Authors: Charles G. Halgrimson
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Hemangioma is the most common benign neoplasm of the spleen. Calcification has been documented in only three reports from the European literature.<sup>1-3</sup>Recognition of the characteristic trabeculations radiating from a common center in a calcified hemangioma can avert splenectomy. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 49-year-old man two months previously had roentgenograms of the spine taken for low-back pain after a fall. A densely calcified, radially trabeculated mass in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen was seen (Figure). The patient was asymptomatic and his examination results were normal. The hematocrit value, leukocyte and platelet counts, and serum calcium, alkaline phosphatase, and serum amylase levels were normal, as were urinalysis results, including the Bence-Jones protein level. Roentgenographically, the mass measured 850 Hounsfield units and was localized to the upper pole of the spleen on abdominal computed tomography. On a technetium Tc 99m diphosphonate bone scan, increased activity
Hemodynamic Effects of Gallamine and Tubocurarine Administered During Halothane Anesthesia
Authors: N. Ty Smith
Journal: JAMA (1967)

The hemodynamic effects of gallamine triethiodide or curare administered during halothane anesthesia were investigated in ten volunteer patients before surgery. Cardiac output, heart rate, arterial pressure, and related factors were recorded five to ten times following the administration of either agent. The administration of gallamine increased cardiac output, heart rate, arterial pressure, and left ventricular work; decreased total peripheral resistance and mean transit time; and produced a variable response in stroke volume. Curare decreased arterial pressure and total peripheral resistance, but produced variable changes in other areas. The action of gallamine can be attributed to a cardiovagal block, myocardial stimulation, and a slight sympathetic ganglionic block. The effects of curare arise from a peripheral ganglionic block, myocardial depression, and possible histamine release. The results do not suggest any significant change in the clinical use of either of these neuromuscular blocking agents with halothane.
Making cervical screening work.
Authors: A. Smith, A. Elkind, A. Eardley
Journal: BMJ (1989)

to devolve more of its negotiating to local units but also to work at all levels of the service with other professions, consumer organisations, and even with politicians to make managers more aware of patients' needs.Perhaps the association's greatest challenge, however, will be to maintain the profession's unity as devolution of power might well lead to fragmentation of doctors' influence.Special pleading and defence of traditional boundaries-whether craft or specialty, academic or service, career or training grade-will not necessarily serve the interests of patients or the profession.If doctors follow that route politicians and managers will divide and rule.The association has the capability through its national, regional, and divisional structure to build on the present consensus and use it to serve the interests of patients and those who work in the service.The continued commitment of staff is vital.
Endoscopy International Open – recently published
Journal: Endoscopy (2017)

Comment on: Symptomatic isolated terminal ileal ulcers: etiology and clinical significanceEndosc Int Open 2017; 05(07): E539-E546DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-100688 Comment on: Risk of perforation in balloon dilation associated with steroid injection for preventing esophageal stricture after endoscopic submucosal dissectionEndosc Int Open 2017; 05(07): E573-E579DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-110077 Comment on: Efficacy and safety of cold snare resection in preventive screening colonoscopyEndosc Int Open 2017; 05(07): E580-E586DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-105491
Time
Authors: Frank Davidoff
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters15 April 1998TimeFrank Davidoff, MD, EditorFrank Davidoff, MD, EditorSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-128-8-199804150-00033 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Dr. Reich is right: Quality, not time, is the ultimate issue in medical care. As I tried to make clear in my editorial, however, while adequate encounter time is a necessary condition for high-quality practice, it isn't sufficient. Many other things are needed, including adequate funding for the preventive services identified by Dr. Reich. In that connection, the recent passage of the Balanced Budget Act of 1997 for the first time provides Medicare funding for many preventive tests and procedures, perhaps a sign of better things to come.Limiting reimbursement for a unit of clinical care is clearly ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Frank Davidoff, MD, Editor PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byInteractions Between Indigenous Women Awaiting Childbirth Away From Home and Their Southern, Non-Indigenous Health Care Providers 15 April 1998Volume 128, Issue 8Page: 698KeywordsMedicare ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 April 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Clinical Lectures on Mental Diseases.
Journal: JAMA (1884)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Gastroenterological Society of Australia
Journal: Gut (1969)

This study concerns an examination of 1,634 admissions to the Royal Newcastle Hospital from 1954-1964 for acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage, with particular reference to age and sex incidence, site of lesion, and the influence of previous aspirin intake on these.The data were extracted onto punch cards and sorted electronically.Of the 1,081 patients with peptic ulcer, the male-female ratio was 8:3 and the duodenal-gastric ulcer ratio was 5:3.Compared with other series there is an excess of gastric ulcers in women, in whom they outnumber duodenal ulcers by 3:2.The age frequency distribution curve in females with gastric ulcer is unique in being bimodal with peaks at ages 30-49 and 60-69.This confirms the presence of an epidemic of gastric ulcer in younger women in this community, previously noted elsewhere.The peak at age 30-49 is shown to be associated with a high rate of aspirin intake, an association not seen in other groups in relation to age, sex, and site of lesion.In those admitted with bleeding and no radiological
Brain Scanning in Cerebral Vascular Disease
Authors: Donald E. Tow
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Forty-three patients with cerebral vascular accidents were divided into groups according to whether the available data and brain scans indicated cerebral hemorrhage or thrombosis and according to the intervals between scanning and onset of symptoms. There was a higher incidence of abnormal brain scans in patients with hemorrhage. The difference was most striking during the first week. During this period two of the four patients in the hemorrhagic group had abnormal brain scans, compared with only one of ten in the thrombotic group. A normal scan performed within the first week increased the probability of the diagnosis of cerebral thrombosis, since abnormal brain scans occur in about 80% to 90% of patients with brain tumors. A change in the appearance of the lesion over appropriate periods of time was more characteristic of vascular disease than of tumor.
Advance Directives: From the Perspective of the Patient and the Physician
Authors: Sarah Coate Johnson
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1996)

American physicians and patients share some common ground in their perspectives on advance directives. The majority in both groups strongly endorse the use of these documents. Both groups believe it is the physician's responsibility to initiate the discussion about advance directives. However, a gap between the two perspectives can be defined. In end-of-life decision making, physicians balance the ethical principle of patient autonomy with other principles such as appropriate withholding of care in the setting of futility. Patients’ preferences for end-of-life care are most influenced by expected outcomes. Physicians tend to be selective in their indications for initiating a discussion about advance directives, according to clinical factors. In contrast, most patients want to discuss advance directives with their physician under all circumstances.
&lt;italic&gt;In Vitro&lt;/italic&gt; Growth and Differentiation of Clonal Populations of Multipotential Mouse Cells Derived From a Transplantable Testicular Teratocarcinoma&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Miriam Dick Rosenthal, Rodney M. Wishnow, Gordon H. Sato
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1970)

Highly differentiable teratocarcinoma cells were adapted to growth in tissue culture. They retain their ability to differentiate when reinjected into host animals. A series of clones was established after three serial clonings. They could also differentiate in solid tumors, confirming the multipotentiality of single teratocarcinoma cells. Clonal populations have a heterogeneous morphology in monolayer culture. Differentiation in vitro was obtained by growth of small masses as floaters. Clonal aggregates produced neuroepithelium, keratinizing squamous epithelium, mesenchyme, and early embryonic epithelia.
Preischaemic as well as postischaemic application of a calcium antagonist affords cardioprotection in the isolated guinea pig heart
Authors: P Massoudy, B. Becker, C Seligmann, E Gerlach
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1995)

Objective: The aim was to answer the following questions: (1) Does treatment with calcium antagonists have to be begun before ischaemia or is postischaemic application also protective? (2) When applied before ischaemia, do calcium antagonists have to depress preischaemic cardiac function in order to elicit protection? (3) Is cardioprotection a matter of improved reflow or do the agents influence the degree of oxidative injury during reperfusion? Methods: Isolated working guinea pig hearts underwent ischaemia (15 min) and reperfusion (15 min). The calcium antagonist gallopamil was given either before (0.1 nM and 1 nM) or after ischaemia (0.1 nM) during early reperfusion (first 5 min). Recovery was defined as postischaemic compared to preischaemic external heart work, expressed in percent. Oxidative stress was assessed by the release of glutathione (GSH). Lactate release served as a measure of the ischaemic challenge. The ability of gallopamil to scavenge oxygen radicals directly was investigated in an in vitro chemiluminescence assay. Results: Pump function of control hearts recovered to only 28% after reperfusion. Pretreatment with 0.1 and 1 nM gallopamil improved recovery to the same extent (48.7% and 43.4%, respectively); however, postischaemic application of 0.1 nM gallopamil afforded equal protection (45.4% recovery). Only the higher concentration of 1 nM gallopamil depressed preischaemic external heart work (by 11%). During earliest reperfusion (1–5 min), release of GSH only tended to be lower in treated hearts. During the subsequent minutes of reperfusion (5–15 min), release of GSH was significantly less in hearts postischaemically treated with 0.1 nM gallopamil (40 pmol·min−1v 940 pmol·min−1 for controls). In contrast, ischaemia-induced lactate release did not differ between the groups. Gallopamil did not scavenge reactive oxygen species in vitro. Conclusions: Short term postischaemic application of the calcium antagonist gallopamil is almost as effective at restoring pump function as preischaemic application which, in turn, does not have to depress preischaemic cardiac function in order to elicit protection. A reduction of oxidative stress during reperfusion seems to contribute to the beneficial effects of postischaemic application of gallopamil, but a direct oxygen radical scavenging activity of gallopamil is not involved.
Sickle Cell Disease and Trait in White Populations
Authors: Armand P. Gelpi
Journal: JAMA (1973)

The sickle cell gene is widely distributed among populations of southern Europe, the Middle East, and India, reflecting diffusion of African genetic material during a millennium or more of the east African slave trade. Mild homozygous sickle cell disease, reported among Eti-Turks and Arabs from Kuwait and Saudi Arabia, may in part represent favorable interaction between sickle cell disease and α-thalassemia or hemoglobin H disease. Favorable interaction between glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficiency and sickle cell disease, in populations where high frequencies of the enzyme defect and the sickle cell trait coexist, has been postulated but certainly not established. A better understanding of sickle cell disease may be afforded by further studies of the problem in populations with high frequencies of the thalassemia traits and G-6-PD deficiency occurring in association with sickle cell disease.
Highlights of This Issue
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2014)

Moser and colleagues used a functional kinomic approach to identify novel therapeutic kinase targets for metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) with inactivating TP53 mutations. Furthermore, they demonstrate that HNSCC cells with functional loss of p53 either by somatic mutation or HPV infection are sensitive to inhibition of the G2–M mitotic kinase, WEE1. A preclinical evaluation performed with a WEE1 inhibitor, MK-1775, suppressed tumor growth and increased the efficacy of the first-line chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin in vivo, thus showing its promise as a novel targeted therapy for HNSCC.Dendritic cell (DC)–based cancer vaccines have targeted only CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes; however, the antitumor effects of these vaccines are not as vigorous in clinical settings. To explore the safety and the clinical and immunologic responses of DCs pulsed with a mixture of three types of Wilms' tumor gene 1 (WT1) peptides, including MHC class I– and II–restricted epitopes (DC/WT1-I/II), Koido and colleagues designed a phase I clinical trial. The combination of DC/WT1-I/II and chemotherapy induced WT1-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses, and these responses lasted throughout long-term vaccination and were associated with disease stability in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer.Therapeutic strategies with limited side effects are urgently needed for use in cancer chemotherapy. The primary objective of this study was to develop a novel antitumor agent that would be safe for normal cells and exert the preferential killing of tumor cells. Polyphenols are common compounds found in dietary plants that display a broad spectrum of biologic activities. Shin and colleagues synthesized a novel polyphenol derivate, (E)-3-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-(2-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (named DPP-23), which produces reactive-oxygen species in a cancer-selective manner, leading to stimulation of the unfolded protein response and caspase-dependent apoptosis. The results of this study support a molecular basis for further evaluation in early-phase clinical trials.The HOX cofactor and transcriptional regulator PBX1 is a known critical regulator of differentiation in multiple tissues but had never been evaluated in the childhood embryonic cancer neuroblastoma. Shah and colleagues demonstrate that PBX1 is specifically induced by retinoic acid in neuroblastoma cell lines. PBX1 directly induces terminal differentiation in retinoid-sensitive neuroblastoma cell lines. In primary human neuroblastoma samples, PBX1 expression was correlated with tumor grade and also with outcome, across tumor subtypes and specifically in low-grade disease. These studies suggest that PBX1 plays a critical role in neuroblastoma differentiation and may be used as a prognostic biomarker.
Carfilzomib, Pomalidomide, and Dexamethasone As Second-line Therapy for Lenalidomide-refractory Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Pieter Sonneveld, Sonja Zweegman, Michele Cavo, Kazem Nasserinejad, Annemiek Broijl, Rosella Troia, Ludek Pour, Sandra Croockewit, Paolo Corradini, Francesca Patriarca, Kalung Wu, Jolanda Droogendijk, Gerard Bos, Roman Hajek, Maria Teresa Petrucci, Paula Ypma, Nicholas Zojer, Monique C. Minnema, Mario Boccadoro
Journal: HemaSphere (2022)

This phase 2 trial investigated reinduction with carfilzomib, pomalidomide, and dexamethasone (KPd) and continuous pomalidomide/dexamethasone in patients at first progression during lenalidomide maintenance. The second objective was to evaluate high-dose melphalan with autologous stem cell transplantation (HDM/ASCT) at first progression. Patients were eligible who had progressive disease according to International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) criteria. Treatment consisted of 8 cycles carfilzomib (20/36 mg/m 2 ), pomalidomide (4 mg) and dexamethasone. Patients without prior transplant received HDM/ASCT. Pomalidomide 4 mg w/o dexamethasone was given until progression. One hundred twelve patients were registered of whom 86 (77%) completed 8 cycles of KPd. Thirty-five (85%) eligible patients received HDM/ASCT. The median time to discontinuation of pomalidomide w/o dexamethasone was 17 months. Best response was 37% ≥ complete response, 75% ≥ very good partial response, 92% ≥ partial response, respectively. At a follow-up of 40 months median PFS was 26 and 32 months for patients who received KPd plus HDM/ASCT and 17 months for patients on KPd (hazard ratio [HR] 0.61, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.37-1.00, P = 0.051). PFS was better after longer duration of prior lenalidomide (HR 3.56, 95% CI 1.42-8.96, P = 0.035). Median overall survival (OS) was 67 months. KPd-emerging grade 3 and 4 adverse events included hematologic (41%), cardiovascular (6%), respiratory (3%), infections (17%), and neuropathy (2%). KPd followed by continuous pomalidomide is an effective and safe triple drug regimen in second-line for patients previously exposed to bortezomib and/or refractory to lenalidomide.
Predictors of survival in elderly patients with coronavirus disease 2019 admitted to the hospital: derivation and validation of the FLAMINCOV score
Authors: Giusy Tiseo, Ili Margalit, Marco Ripa, Vanni Borghi, Hefziba Green, Virginie Prendki, Niccolò Riccardi, Yael Dishon, Giovanni Battista Perego, Alessandro Grembiale, Laura Galli, Marco Tinelli, Antonella Castagna, Cristina Mussini, Dafna Yahav, Mical Paul, Marco Falcone
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2022)
Will Primary Care Lead the Revolution?
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (1994)

OPTIONS ABOUND at the Sharp Community Medical Group in San Diego, Calif. Its 600 physicians can choose to provide as few as 15 or as many as 50 from a menu of patient care items. Capitation rates are commensurate with physicians' levels of participation. "We are a medical group formed by physicians, for physicians," says the group's president, Paul Reeb, Jr, MD. A continent away, in Baltimore, Md, 17 primary care physicians have maintained their autonomy by forming a "group practice without walls." They have more leverage in snapping up managed care contracts, but they retain their own practice assets and decision-making powers. The alternative, says Baltimore Medical Group chair Alan Kimmel, MD, could be answering to a hospital board, insurance company, or government entity, or worse—being locked out of the market. In eastern Tennessee, Jerry Miller, MD, started a thriving primary care group in the late 1970s. A decade
Use of calcium channel blockers and risk of suicide
Authors: U. Bergman, G. Isacsson, B.-E. Wiholm, A. Sundstrom, L. Alfredsson, Y.-T. Chen, R. W Makuch, G. Lindberg, J. Ranstam, A. Melander, K. Bingefors, L. Rastam
Journal: BMJ (1998)
Intracellular signalling by binding sites for the antipsoriatic agent monomethylfumarate on human granulocytes
Authors: P.H. NIBBERING, B. THIO, A.C. BEZEMER, R.L. BEIJERSBERGEN, T.P.L. ZOMERDIJK
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

Monomethylfumarate (MMF), the most active metabolite of the new antipsoriasis drug FumadermR, stimulates an anti‐inflammatory mediator profile in human leucocytes and inhibits the proliferation of keratinocytes. These effects of MMF on cells in vitro may in part explain the beneficial action of FumadermR in patients. In addition, we have reported that MMF stimulates an increase in the intracellular free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) and the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) concentration in granulocytes and keratinocytes. Because Ca2+ and cAMP control many physiological cellular responses, including cell proliferation and inflammatory mediator production, the present study focused on the intracellular signal transduction pathway which links interaction between MMF and granulocytes with increases in [Ca2+]i and the cAMP concentration. The increase in [Ca2+]i in granulocytes after MMF depended both on extracellular Ca2+ and Ca2+ from intracellular stores. Ca2+ is essential for the increase in the cAMP concentration after stimulation with MMF. The results found for pharmacological inhibitors of various protein kinases suggest that a staurosporine‐sensitive protein kinase different from protein kinase C (PKC) and protein kinase A is involved in the MMF‐induced increase in [Ca2+]i in granulocytes. As MMF activated protein tyrosine kinase (PTK), and inhibition of this protein kinase partially reduced the increase in [Ca2+]i in granulocytes, PTK activitiy most likely is involved. In addition, activation of protein kinase histone 4 (PKH4) probably plays a part in the MMF ‐stimulated increase in [Ca2+]i in granulocytes as well. As MMF stimulated an increase in the GTP ‐ase activity of membranes and pertussis toxin (PTX) inhibited the increase in the [Ca2+]i and PKH4 activity of granulocytes stimulated by this compound, it is concluded that MMF activates PTX‐sensitive G proteins. Competition binding studies with radiolabelled dimethylfumarate (DMF) and unlabelled DMF and MMF revealed the presence of specific binding sites for methylated fumarates on granulocytes. In summary, MMF binds to specific sites on the plasma membrane of cells. This interaction activates pertussis toxin‐sensitive G proteins which then stimulate an increase in PTK and PKH4 activity. These protein kinases may regulate the rise in [Ca2+]i and the intracellular cAMP concentration. Elevated [Ca2+]i and intracellular cAMP concentration stimulate protein kinases that regulate transcription factors. Activation of these factors results in induction of downstream gene expression and thus controls cell functions, e.g. cell proliferation and production of inflammatory mediators, as has been found for cells incubated with MMF.