tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Circulating Small Noncoding RNA Profiling as a Potential Biomarker of Atherosclerotic Plaque Composition in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Alessandra Giannella, Esmeralda Castelblanco, Carlo Federico Zambon, Daniela Basso, Marta Hernandez, Emilio Ortega, Nuria Alonso, Didac Mauricio, Angelo Avogaro, Giulio Ceolotto, Saula Vigili de Kreutzenberg
Journal: Diabetes Care (2022)

OBJECTIVE Cardiovascular disease (CVD) accounts for most deaths in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D); however, the determinants of plaque composition are unknown. miRNAs regulate gene expression, participate in the development of atherosclerosis, and represent promising CVD biomarkers. This study analyzed the circulating miRNA expression profile in T1D with either carotid calcified (CCP) or fibrous plaque (CFP). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Circulating small noncoding RNAs were sequenced and quantified using next-generation sequencing and bioinformatic analysis in an exploratory set of 26 subjects with T1D with CCP and in 25 with CFP. Then, in a validation set of 40 subjects with CCP, 40 with CFP, and 24 control subjects with T1D, selected miRNA expression was measured by digital droplet PCR. Putative gene targets enriched for pathways implicated in atherosclerosis/vascular calcification/diabetes were analyzed. The patients’ main clinical characteristics were also recorded. RESULTS miR-503-5p, let-7d-5p, miR-106b-3p, and miR-93-5p were significantly upregulated, while miR-10a-5p was downregulated in patients with CCP compared with CFP (all fold change &amp;gt;±1.5; P &amp;lt; 0.05). All candidate miRNAs showed a significant correlation with LDL-cholesterol, direct for the upregulated and inverse for the downregulated miRNA, in CCP. Many target genes of upregulated miRNAs in CCP participate in osteogenic differentiation, apoptosis, inflammation, cholesterol metabolism, and extracellular matrix organization. CONCLUSIONS These findings characterize miRNAs and their signature in the regulatory network of carotid plaque phenotype in T1D, providing new insights into plaque pathophysiology and possibly novel biomarkers of plaque composition.
In vitro and ex vivo modeling of enteric bacterial infections
Authors: Nayere Taebnia, Ute Römling, Volker M. Lauschke
Journal: Gut Microbes (2022)

Enteric bacterial infections contribute substantially to global disease burden and mortality, particularly in the developing world. In vitro 2D monolayer cultures have provided critical insights into the fundamental virulence mechanisms of a multitude of pathogens, including Salmonella enterica serovars Typhimurium and Typhi, Vibrio cholerae, Shigella spp., Escherichia coli and Campylobacter jejuni, which have led to the identification of novel targets for antimicrobial therapy and vaccines. In recent years, the arsenal of experimental systems to study intestinal infections has been expanded by a multitude of more complex models, which have allowed to evaluate the effects of additional physiological and biological parameters on infectivity. Organoids recapitulate the cellular complexity of the human intestinal epithelium while 3D bioengineered scaffolds and microphysiological devices allow to emulate oxygen gradients, flow and peristalsis, as well as the formation and maintenance of stable and physiologically relevant microbial diversity. Additionally, advancements in ex vivo cultures and intravital imaging have opened new possibilities to study the effects of enteric pathogens on fluid secretion, barrier integrity and immune cell surveillance in the intact intestine. This review aims to present a balanced and updated overview of current intestinal in vitro and ex vivo methods for modeling of enteric bacterial infections. We conclude that the different paradigms are complements rather than replacements and their combined use promises to further our understanding of host-microbe interactions and their impacts on intestinal health.
Atypical Case of Testicular Torsion in a Child (Clinical Observation)
Authors: E. B. Olkhova, M. V. Topol’nik, A. Yu. Rudin, V. I. Runenko
Journal: Radiology - Practice (2022)

Epididymal cysts in children are rare, and, as a rule, their detection is an incidental finding, the course is asymptomatic, the surgical treatment is not carried out. Isolated torsion of these cysts is extremely rare in both children and adults, causing acute pain syndrome and swelling of the scrotum. Due to its rarity and lack of specificity of clinical and echographic manifestations, this condition leads to a delay in the accurate diagnosis of the disease, which is carried out only intraoperatively. The rare case of combined testicular torsion and torsion of a large appendage cyst in a 12-year-old teenager is presented in the publication.
Computed Tomography of the Paranasal Sinuses in the Planning of Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery and the Prevention of Complications (Illustrated Review)
Authors: V. A. Nechaev
Journal: Radiology - Practice (2022)

An otorhinolaryngologist must know the anatomy of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses prior to endoscopic surgery, because many structures cann’t be evaluated by him during visual and endoscopic examination. In this regard, all patients undergo computed tomography of the paranasal sinuses as a preoperative preparation, which allows not only to identify the pathological process, but also to assess anatomical features that may predispose to surgical complications. This review illustrates various anatomical variants of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, which should be noted in the protocol and focus the attention of an otorhinolaryngologist on them in order to reduce the risk of possible surgical complications.
A 24-Week, All-Oral Regimen for Rifampin-Resistant Tuberculosis
Authors: Bern-Thomas Nyang’wa, Catherine Berry, Emil Kazounis, Ilaria Motta, Nargiza Parpieva, Zinaida Tigay, Varvara Solodovnikova, Irina Liverko, Ronelle Moodliar, Matthew Dodd, Nosipho Ngubane, Mohammed Rassool, Timothy D. McHugh, Melvin Spigelman, David A.J. Moore, Koert Ritmeijer, Philipp du Cros, Katherine Fielding
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2022)

In patients with rifampin-resistant tuberculosis, all-oral treatment regimens that are more effective, shorter, and have a more acceptable side-effect profile than current regimens are needed.We conducted an open-label, phase 2-3, multicenter, randomized, controlled, noninferiority trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of three 24-week, all-oral regimens for the treatment of rifampin-resistant tuberculosis. Patients in Belarus, South Africa, and Uzbekistan who were 15 years of age or older and had rifampin-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis were enrolled. In stage 2 of the trial, a 24-week regimen of bedaquiline, pretomanid, linezolid, and moxifloxacin (BPaLM) was compared with a 9-to-20-month standard-care regimen. The primary outcome was an unfavorable status (a composite of death, treatment failure, treatment discontinuation, loss to follow-up, or recurrence of tuberculosis) at 72 weeks after randomization. The noninferiority margin was 12 percentage points.Recruitment was terminated early. Of 301 patients in stage 2 of the trial, 145, 128, and 90 patients were evaluable in the intention-to-treat, modified intention-to-treat, and per-protocol populations, respectively. In the modified intention-to-treat analysis, 11% of the patients in the BPaLM group and 48% of those in the standard-care group had a primary-outcome event (risk difference, -37 percentage points; 96.6% confidence interval [CI], -53 to -22). In the per-protocol analysis, 4% of the patients in the BPaLM group and 12% of those in the standard-care group had a primary-outcome event (risk difference, -9 percentage points; 96.6% CI, -22 to 4). In the as-treated population, the incidence of adverse events of grade 3 or higher or serious adverse events was lower in the BPaLM group than in the standard-care group (19% vs. 59%).In patients with rifampin-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis, a 24-week, all-oral regimen was noninferior to the accepted standard-care treatment, and it had a better safety profile. (Funded by Médecins sans Frontières; TB-PRACTECAL ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02589782.).
Parent-of-origin detection and chromosome-scale haplotyping using long-read DNA methylation sequencing and Strand-seq
Authors: Vahid Akbari, Vincent C.T. Hanlon, Kieran O’Neill, Louis Lefebvre, Kasmintan A. Schrader, Peter M. Lansdorp, Steven J.M. Jones
Journal: Cell Genomics (2022)

Hundreds of loci in human genomes have alleles that are methylated differentially according to their parent of origin. These imprinted loci generally show little variation across tissues, individuals, and populations. We show that such loci can be used to distinguish the maternal and paternal homologs for all human autosomes without the need for the parental DNA. We integrate methylation-detecting nanopore sequencing with the long-range phase information in Strand-seq data to determine the parent of origin of chromosome-length haplotypes for both DNA sequence and DNA methylation in five trios with diverse genetic backgrounds. The parent of origin was correctly inferred for all autosomes with an average mismatch error rate of 0.31% for SNVs and 1.89% for insertions or deletions (indels). Because our method can determine whether an inherited disease allele originated from the mother or the father, we predict that it will improve the diagnosis and management of many genetic diseases.
A combination therapy for androgenic alopecia based on quercetin and zinc/copper dual-doped mesoporous silica nanocomposite microneedle patch
Authors: Zhaowenbin Zhang, Wenbo Li, Di Chang, Ziqin Wei, Endian Wang, Jing Yu, Yuze Xu, Yumei Que, Yanxin Chen, Chen Fan, Bing Ma, Yanling Zhou, Zhiguang Huan, Chen Yang, Feng Guo, Jiang Chang
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2022)

A nanocomposite microneedle (ZCQ/MN) patch containing copper/zinc dual-doped mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded with quercetin (ZCQ) was developed as a combination therapy for androgenic alopecia (AGA). The degradable microneedle gradually dissolves after penetration into the skin and releases the ZCQ nanoparticles. ZCQ nanoparticles release quercetin (Qu), copper (Cu2+) and zinc ions (Zn2+) subcutaneously to synergistically promote hair follicle regeneration. The mechanism of promoting hair follicle regeneration mainly includes the regulation of the main pathophysiological phenomena of AGA such as inhibition of dihydrotestosterone, inhibition of inflammation, promotion of angiogenesis and activation of hair follicle stem cells by the combination of Cu2+ and Zn2+ ions and Qu. This study demonstrates that the systematic intervention targeting different pathophysiological links of AGA by the combination of organic drug and bioactive metal ions is an effective treatment strategy for hair loss, which provides a theoretical basis for development of biomaterial based anti-hair loss therapy.
Is research on ‘smart living environments’ based on unobtrusive technologies for older adults going in circles? Evidence from an umbrella review
Authors: Thomas Tannou, Thomas Lihoreau, Mélanie Couture, Sylvain Giroux, Rosalie H. Wang, Guillaume Spalla, Sareh Zarshenas, Mireille Gagnon-Roy, Aline Aboujaoudé, Amel Yaddaden, Lucas Morin, Nathalie Bier
Journal: Ageing Research Reviews (2022)
Cancer nanomedicine in preoperative therapeutics: Nanotechnology-enabled neoadjuvant chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and phototherapy
Authors: Xiaogang Qu, Dong Zhou, Jianpu Lu, Duotian Qin, Jun Zhou, Hai-Jun Liu
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2022)

Surgical resection remains a mainstay in the treatment of malignant solid tumors. However, the use of neoadjuvant treatments, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, phototherapy, and immunotherapy, either alone or in combination, as a preoperative intervention regimen, have attracted increasing attention in the last decade. Early randomized, controlled trials in some tumor settings have not shown a significant difference between the survival rates in long-term neoadjuvant therapy and adjuvant therapy. However, this has not hampered the increasing use of neoadjuvant treatments in clinical practice, due to its evident downstaging of primary tumors to delineate the surgical margin, tailoring systemic therapy response as a clinical tool to optimize subsequent therapeutic regimens, and decreasing the need for surgery, with its potential for increased morbidity. The recent expansion of nanotechnology-based nanomedicine and related medical technologies provides a new approach to address the current challenges of neoadjuvant therapy for preoperative therapeutics. This review not only summarizes how nanomedicine plays an important role in a range of neoadjuvant therapeutic modalities, but also highlights the potential use of nanomedicine as neoadjuvant therapy in preclinical and clinic settings for tumor management.
Corrigendum to “Delivery of coenzyme Q10 loaded micelle targets mitochondrial ROS and enhances efficiency of mesenchymal stem cell therapy in intervertebral disc degeneration” [Bioact. Mater. 23 (2023) 247–260]
Authors: Junyuan Sun, Fei Yang, Lianlei Wang, Haichao Yu, Zhijie Yang, Jingjing Wei, Krasimir Vasilev, Xuesong Zhang, Xinyu Liu, Yunpeng Zhao
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2022)

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.10.019.].
Liver transplantation for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: indications and post-transplant management
Authors: Sara Battistella, Francesca D’Arcangelo, Marco Grasso, Alberto Zanetto, Martina Gambato, Giacomo Germani, Marco Senzolo, Francesco Paolo Russo, Patrizia Burra
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2022)

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently the fastest growing indication to liver transplantation (LT) in Western Countries, both for end stage liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. NAFLD/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is often expression of a systemic metabolic syndrome; therefore, NAFLD/NASH patients require a multidisciplinary approach for a proper pre-surgical evaluation, which is important to achieve a post-transplant outcome comparable to that of other indications to LT. NAFLD/NASH patients are also at higher risk of post-transplant cardiovascular events, diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity, renal impairment and recurrent NASH. Lifestyle modifications, included diet and physical activity, are key to improve survival and quality of life after transplantation. A tailored immunosuppressive regimen may be proposed in selected patients. Development of new drugs for the treatment of recurrent NASH is awaited.
Clinical practice guidelines and real-life practice on hepatocellular carcinoma: the Hong Kong perspective
Authors: Rex Wan-Hin Hui, Lung-Yi Mak, Tan-To Cheung, Victor Ho-Fun Lee, Wai-Kay Seto, Man-Fung Yuen
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2022)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major public health burden in Hong Kong, and chronic hepatitis B is the most common HCC etiology in our region. With the high case load, extensive local expertise on HCC has been accumulated. This article summarized local guidelines and real-life practice on HCC management in Hong Kong. For HCC surveillance, liver ultrasound and serum alpha-fetoprotein for periodic screening is recommended in viral hepatitis or cirrhotic patients, and this is adhered to in clinical practice. HCC diagnosis is not covered in local guidelines, yet our practice is in-line with regional guidelines, where diagnosis is usually achieved by cross-sectional imaging and without the need for histology. Our guidelines recommend using the Hong Kong Liver Cancer Staging for pre-treatment staging, yet we routinely use other widely-adopted systems such as the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Staging and the Tumor-Node-Metastasis Staging as well. Our local guidelines have provided clear treatment algorithms for the whole range of HCC therapies, including resection, ablation, transplant, transarterial chemoembolization, transarterial radioembolization, stereotactic body radiation therapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. Real-life treatment choices are largely in line with the guidelines, although treatment protocols are individualized, and availability of specific therapies can vary between centers. Overall, HCC guidelines in Hong Kong are tailored based on local expertise and our unique patient population. The guidelines are up-to-date and provide practical pathways to assist our routine practice. Regular updates of local guidelines are warranted to account for the rapidly evolving paradigm of HCC management.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Definition and subtypes
Authors: Seul Ki Han, Soon Koo Baik, Moon Young Kim
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2022)

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common liver diseases worldwide, with a global prevalence of approximately 30%. However, the prevalence of NAFLD has been variously reported depending on the comorbidities. The rising prevalence of obesity in both the adult and pediatric populations is projected to consequently continue increasing NAFLD prevalence. It is a major cause of chronic liver disease worldwide, including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). NAFLD has a variety of clinical phenotypes and heterogeneity due to the complexity of pathogenesis and clinical conditions of its occurrence, resulting in various clinical prognoses. In this article, we briefly described the basic definition of NAFLD and classified the subtypes based on current knowledge in this field.
Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI): A pan-European multi-center cost and resource utilization study, results from the Combatting Bacterial Resistance in Europe CDI (COMBACTE-CDI)
Authors: Sebastian M. Wingen-Heimann, Kerrie Davies, Virginie F. Viprey, Georgina Davis, Mark H. Wilcox, Maria J.G.T. Vehreschild, Lise Lurienne, Pierre-Alain Bandinelli, Oliver A. Cornely, Tuba Vilken, Sina M. Hopff, Jörg Janne Vehreschild, None Academic Partners, Marc Bonten, Kerrie A. Davies, Mark H. Wilcox, Ed Kuijper, Maja Rupnik, Sebastian Wingen-Heimann, Evelina Tacconelli, Tuba Vilken, Nicola Petrosillo, None EFPIA Partners, None Pfizer Ltd, None GlaxoSmithKline, None bioMérieux, Sanofi Pasteur, None Da Volterra, None The Management Board of COMBACTE-CDI, Philippe Cleuziat, Chris Webber
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2022)
Acquired non-thermal plasma resistance mediates a shift towards aerobic glycolysis and ferroptotic cell death in melanoma
Authors: Abraham Lin, Maxime Sahun, Eline Biscop, Hanne Verswyvel, Jorrit De Waele, Joey De Backer, Claudia Theys, Bart Cuypers, Kris Laukens, Wim Vanden Berghe, Evelien Smits, Annemie Bogaerts
Journal: Drug Resistance Updates (2022)
Diabetes, Atherosclerosis, and Stenosis by AI
Authors: Rebecca A. Jonas, Tami R. Crabtree, Robert S. Jennings, Hugo Marques, Richard J. Katz, Hyuk-Jae Chang, Wijnand J. Stuijfzand, Alexander R. van Rosendael, Jung Hyun Choi, Joon-Hyung Doh, Ae-Young Her, Bon-Kwon Koo, Chang-Wook Nam, Hyung-Bok Park, Sang-Hoon Shin, Jason Cole, Alessia Gimelli, Muhammad Akram Khan, Bin Lu, Yang Gao, Faisal Nabi, Ryo Nakazato, U. Joseph Schoepf, Roel S. Driessen, Michiel J. Bom, Randall C. Thompson, James J. Jang, Michael Ridner, Chris Rowan, Erick Avelar, Philippe Généreux, Paul Knaapen, Guus A. de Waard, Gianluca Pontone, Daniele Andreini, Mouaz H. Al-Mallah, Marco Guglielmo, Jeroen J. Bax, James P. Earls, James K. Min, Andrew D. Choi, Todd C. Villines
Journal: Diabetes Care (2022)

This study evaluates the relationship between atherosclerotic plaque characteristics (APCs) and angiographic stenosis severity in patients with and without diabetes. Whether APCs differ based on lesion severity and diabetes status is unknown.We retrospectively evaluated 303 subjects from the Computed TomogRaphic Evaluation of Atherosclerotic Determinants of Myocardial IsChEmia (CREDENCE) trial referred for invasive coronary angiography with coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) and classified lesions as obstructive (≥50% stenosed) or nonobstructive using blinded core laboratory analysis of quantitative coronary angiography. CCTA quantified APCs, including plaque volume (PV), calcified plaque (CP), noncalcified plaque (NCP), low-density NCP (LD-NCP), lesion length, positive remodeling (PR), high-risk plaque (HRP), and percentage of atheroma volume (PAV; PV normalized for vessel volume). The relationship between APCs, stenosis severity, and diabetes status was assessed.Among the 303 patients, 95 (31.4%) had diabetes. There were 117 lesions in the cohort with diabetes, 58.1% of which were obstructive. Patients with diabetes had greater plaque burden (P = 0.004). Patients with diabetes and nonobstructive disease had greater PV (P = 0.02), PAV (P = 0.02), NCP (P = 0.03), PAV NCP (P = 0.02), diseased vessels (P = 0.03), and maximum stenosis (P = 0.02) than patients without diabetes with nonobstructive disease. APCs were similar between patients with diabetes with nonobstructive disease and patients without diabetes with obstructive disease. Diabetes status did not affect HRP or PR. Patients with diabetes had similar APCs in obstructive and nonobstructive lesions.Patients with diabetes and nonobstructive stenosis had an association to similar APCs as patients without diabetes who had obstructive stenosis. Among patients with nonobstructive disease, patients with diabetes had more total PV and NCP.
Cardiovascular Disease Risk Prediction in Young Adults—The Next Frontier
Authors: Sadiya Sana Khan, Michael J. Pencina
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Cardiology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Cardiology journal
Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Inhibitors and Access to the Retina in Age-Related Macular Degeneration—Reply
Authors: Liv Tybjærg Nordestgaard, Børge Grønne Nordestgaard, Anne Tybjærg-Hansen
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Cardiology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Cardiology journal