tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Racial Variation in Predicted and Observed In-Hospital Death
Authors: Howard S. Gordon
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To compare observed, predicted, and risk-adjusted hospital mortality rates in white and African-American patients and to determine whether, as prior studies suggest, African-American patients would have higher predicted risks of death and similar or higher risk-adjusted mortality. <h3>Design.</h3> —Retrospective cohort study. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Thirty hospitals in northeast Ohio. <h3>Patients.</h3> —A total of 88 205 eligible patients consecutively discharged in the years 1991 through 1993 with the following 6 diagnoses: acute myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, obstructive airways disease, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, pneumonia, and stroke. <h3>Methods.</h3> —We measured predicted risks of death at admission for each diagnosis using validated multivariable models based on standard clinical data abstracted from patients' medical records. We then adjusted in-hospital mortality rates in white and African-American patients for predicted risk of death and other covariates using logistic regression analysis. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Predicted risk of death at admission and observed hospital mortality in white and African-American patients. <h3>Results.</h3> —Predicted risks of death were lower (<i>P</i>&lt;.001) in African Americans for 4 of the 6 diagnoses. Adjusted odds of hospital death were lower (<i>P</i>&lt;.01) in African Americans for 2 of the 6 diagnoses (congestive heart failure and obstructive airways disease) and similar for the other 4 diagnoses. For all diagnoses, in aggregate, the adjusted odds of hospital death were 13% lower in African-American compared with white patients (multivariable odds ratio, 0.87; 95% confidence interval, 0.80-0.94). Findings were similar if further adjustments were made for differences in length of stay, site of hospitalization, or discharge triage practices. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —Contrary to our a priori hypotheses, predicted risks of death and risk-adjusted mortality rates were generally lower in African-American patients. Our finding of lower predicted risk may reflect racial differences in hospital admission practices or in access to outpatient care. However, our findings suggest that, once hospitalized, African-American patients attained similar or better outcomes, as measured by an important measure—hospital mortality.
Vesiculobullous Skin Diseases With Prominent Immunologic Feature
Authors: Burton Zweiman
Journal: JAMA (1982)

IN 1964, Beutner and Jordon reported that serum specimens of patients with pemphigus contained antibodies against the epidermal cell surface, the site of earliest histopathologic change. This finding stimulated subsequent studies that improved the therapeutic approaches to these diseases. In this section the following vesiculobullous disorders are discussed: pemphigus vulgaris, bullous pemphigoid, cicatricial pemphigoid, herpes gestationis, dermatitis herpetiformis, and benign chronic bullous dermatosis of childhood. <h3>PEMPHIGUS VULGARIS</h3> Pemphigus vulgaris is a chronic bullous disease that occurs in all races and ethnic groups. It has been reported in association with thymoma, myasthenia gravis, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Before the availability of corticosteroid and antibiotic drugs, the disease was often fatal because of fluid and electrolyte abnormalities, cachexia, and sepsis secondary to the denudation of large areas of skin. The disorder is characterized by thin, flaccid bullae on normal-appearing skin. The mucous membranes are commonly involved and are often the sites where
The Foot Process of the Renal Glomerulus
Authors: Richard O. Ores
Journal: JAMA (1969)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> For seven years I have been interested in the ultrastructure of the kidney and my work has been rewarded with a finding that I would like to share with the readers ofThe Journal. I have discovered why the cytoplasmic extensions of the epithelial cells in the glomeruli are called foot processes. One can see this clearly from the electron micrograph (Figure). In future work I shall endeavor to find the rest of the lady.
The National Longitudinal Study on Adolescent Health
Authors: Jonathan D. Klein
Journal: JAMA (1997)

In this issue ofThe Journal, Resnick et al<sup>1</sup>report the first research findings from the National Longitudinal Study on Adolescent Health—the Add Health study. This first release of Add Health data describes relationships between family, school, and individual factors and several preventable health outcomes of high public health significance, including emotional distress, suicide, violence, substance use, and sexual behaviors. The study design included a survey of a nationally representative sample of more than 90 000 US adolescents in schools and then an interview of 12118 of these 7th- through 12th-grade adolescents in their homes, using state-of-the-art measurements and methods. The adolescents in the in-home sample are followed longitudinally. Although this article is limited to phase 1 results, the findings provide solid evidence for ways that families and schools can be protective in the lives of teenagers. While many of the findings in this report are confirmatory, the longitudinal
Gliomas Induced by Rous Sarcoma Virus in the Dog—an infrastructural Study&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: F. Haguenau, G. F. Rabotti, G. Lyon, A. Moraillon
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1971)

Twenty-one of 22 tumors induced in 15 dogs by intracerebral inoculation of Rous sarcoma virus (Schmidt-Ruppin strain) were subependymal astrocytomas typical of that variety termed spongioblastomas or pilocytic astrocytomas and known to occur with predilection in that region. The characteristic ultrastructural pattern of these tumors is described. Search for virus particles with the morphology of the Rous sarcoma virus remained negative. Crystalline arrays of filamentous material were present in the cisternae of the ergastoplasm. They were exclusively found in nonastrocyfic cells, often in endothelial cells. Their significance, which is unknown, is discussed in relation to viral infection.
Esophageal Cancer Among Black Men in Washington, D.C. I. Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Risk Factors
Authors: Pottern, Linda M., Morris, Linda E., Blot, William J., Ziegler, Regina G., Fraumeni, Joseph F.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1981)

Journal Article Esophageal Cancer Among Black Men in Washington, D.C. I. Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Risk Factors Get access Linda M. Pottern, M.P.H., Linda M. Pottern, M.P.H. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Linda E. Morris, M.P.H., Linda E. Morris, M.P.H. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar William J. Blot, Ph.D., William J. Blot, Ph.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Regina G. Ziegler, Ph.D., Regina G. Ziegler, Ph.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Joseph F. Fraumeni, Jr., M.D. Joseph F. Fraumeni, Jr., M.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 67, Issue 4, October 1981, Pages 777–783, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/67.4.777 Published: 01 October 1981 Article history Received: 27 October 1980 Accepted: 01 April 1981 Published: 01 October 1981
Vaccine Requirements and Recommendations for International Travelers
Authors: James Chin
Journal: JAMA (1982)

The incidence of infectious diseases preventable by vaccines is generally higher in foreign countries than in the United States. Thus, an increased risk of acquiring these diseases exists for US citizens traveling abroad. In addition, the importation of these infectious disease agents into the United States from both returning citizens and other international travelers is an ever-present threat. The increasing documentation of the importations of measles into the United States (p 2129) is a reflection of these problems. Requirements and recommendations for use of vaccines for travelers leaving the United States are based in part on their increased risk to these diseases during their foreign travel, but the primary purpose of international requirements is to prevent the international spread of diseases. This is the rationale behind the formulation of the International Health Regulations (IHR) pertaining to vaccination certificate requirements.<sup>1</sup>Unfortunately, many countries, including some that are signatories of and
A Shot in the Dark
Authors: J. J. Littell
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Nature's bony defenses saved the life of a woman who attempted suicide by shooting herself through the open mouth. She was at once relieved of the cause of her depression. <h3>Report of a Case:—</h3> This 35-year-old woman, in a burst of despondency over ill health, attempted suicide by shooting herself through the open mouth with a. 22-caliber revolver. Her purpose was not immediately accomplished. She regretted her impulse. X-ray films (Fig 1 and 2), taken immediately, revealed the bullet in the right sphenoid sinus, flattened against the sinus roof. The following morning with the patient under local anesthesia, I took down the anterior sinus wall and encountered a cavity full of pus. The bullet was located, firmly embedded in the roof. I grasped it with appropriate forceps and with a rocking motion, freed and removed it. It came out with a sucking sound as if one were pulling
The Microscope. An Introduction to Microscopic Methods and to Histology.
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Differentiation of Thyroid From Parathyroid Cysts
Authors: Sheldon S. Stoffer
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Since our last communication (241:357, 1979) regarding the presumptive diagnosis of parathyroid cysts by needle aspiration, we have acquired additional data. The first case that we presented with the presumptive diagnosis of parathyroid cyst has since gone to surgery and has, in fact, proved to be a benign parathyroid cyst. This patient had had two cystic aspirations and decided that she preferred surgical excision to further medical management. In an additional case of an apparent parathyroid cyst 8.2 mL of watery-like fluid was examined. The cyst thyroxine value was 1.4 μg/dL, and the serum value was 8.4 μg/dL (normal serum range, 5.5 to 11.5 μg/dL). The cyst intact parathyroid hormone value was 2,075 pg/mL, and the serum intact parathyroid hormone value was 339 pg/mL (normal serum range, 163 to 347 pg/mL). The cyst C-terminal parathyroid hormone value was 49,666 pg/mL, and the serum intact<sup>1,2</sup>parathyroid hormone
The USDA Rolls On
Authors: Philip L. White
Journal: JAMA (1971)

The US Department of Agriculture has announced approval of a fortified cake-like breakfast roll to be used in school breakfast programs and in other government-aided childfeeding programs. The regulations governing the School Breakfast and the Special Food Service Program for Children define a breakfast as follows: (1) one-half pint of fluid whole milk; (2) a one-half-cup serving of fruit or full-strength fruit or vegetable juice; ( 3 ) one slice or equivalent serving of whole-grain or enriched bread or cornbread and a variety of rolls and the like, or three-fourths cup serving of appropriate breakfast cereal, or combinations of above. A supplemental food for the Special Food Service Program for children is outlined as follows: ( 1 ) a serving of milk or full-strength fruit or vegetable juice or an equivalent quantity of fruit or vegetable; (2) a serving of whole-grain or enriched bread or cereal or an equivalent. A fortified baked product with
Medical Care Evaluation Studies A Utilization Review Requirement
Authors: George A. Goldberg
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Medicine has long placed emphasis on the quality as well as the quantity aspects of care. Forthcoming revised Medicare utilization review regulations, carefully weighing the experiences of the first five years of the Medicare program, will reflect this emphasis. The concept of evaluating the appropriateness of care received by the patient is far from new. Various methods, both formal and informal, have been used by the medical profession for decades. But the advent of Medicare, with its utilization review requirements, has created a focus on efficient use of resources as well as on the medical necessity of professional services furnished. Unfortunately, one aspect of the utilization review requirements has proved confusing to both Medicare institutions and their staffs. This is the requirement for "sample review," a title that is inaccurate and confusing. This communication introduces a more descriptive title, "medical care evaluation study," to replace it and describes how an
Tice's Practice of Medicine.
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Monosodium Glutamania: The Chinese Restaurant Syndrome Revisited
Authors: John W. Cochran
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> There are numerous reports of the Chinese restaurant syndrome (CRS) in the literature. This is a symptom complex consisting of burning, tightness, and numbness of the neck and face, occasionally accompanied by dizziness, headache, nausea, and vomiting occurring after eating Chinese food.<sup>1-3</sup>One pediatric case is reported in which an 18-month-old child began crying and apparently suffered abdominal pain ten minutes after eating wonton soup.<sup>4</sup>No case reports describe delirium associated with Chinese food or wonton soup. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> On three separate occasions after eating Chinese food at the same restaurant, our 3-year-old daughter had a 30- to 45-minute episode of inappropriate behavior, confusion, and slight ataxia of gait without nystagmus, headache, nausea, vomiting, or abdominal pain. On each occasion, she had eaten wonton soup accompanied by a cola. These symptoms began before she had completed the soup. She giggled and talked "baby
Hemiparesis and Bell's Palsy Following Brachial Plexus Herpes Zoster
Authors: Peter G. Economou
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Delayed postherpetic contralateral hemiplegia or hemiparesis following herpes zoster ophthalmicus has been described before.<sup>1-4</sup>Asynchronous contralateral hemiparesis and ipsilateral Bell's palsy following herpes zoster of the left brachial plexus is the subject of this report. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 58-year-old woman was taken to the emergency room because of sudden right-sided hemiparesis, 37 days after her condition was diagnosed as herpes zoster of the left brachial plexus dermatomes, which had been treated with anodynes. On her admission to the hospital, vasodilator (papaverine and niacin) and anti-platelet (aspirin and dipyridamole) treatment was initiated. Biochemical, serological, and hematological study findings were within normal limits. Brain computed tomography and digital subtraction angiography of the extracranial and visualized intracranial circulation reported no defects. At the time she was discharged from the hospital, there was progressive improvement, and treatment with the same medications was to be continued. On Nov 5,
The Converging Paths of Behavior Therapy and Psychotherapy
Authors: R. BRUCE SLOANE
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1969)

Three disparate psychotherapeutic approaches—psychoanalytical, behavioral, and Rogerian—are shown to have more likenesses than differences. The relationship between patient and therapist and the conversational content are common. Techniques such as interpretation, counterconditioning (reciprocal inhibition), and the use or withholding of reward work in similar ways, despite different labels and rationales. Dictionary constructs of the past have done little to bridge differing theoretical assumptions; this has served to obscure understanding of common modalities.
Diagnostic and therapeutic technology assessment. Angelchik antireflux prosthesis
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
An Introduction to Pharmacology and Therapeutics.
Journal: JAMA (1931)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Whole Internist Catalog: A Compendium of Clues to Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Milton J. Chatton
Journal: JAMA (1981)

This book is the product of the work of five authors who are associated with the University of New York Upstate Medical Center and Veterans Administration Medical Center, Syracuse, NY. The authors indicate that the book is not meant to be a comprehensive manual of procedures, therapeutic methods, and laboratory medicine, but is an attempt to "present answers to some common, practical problems." A broad range of selected topics in internal medicine is generously interspersed with lists, tables, aphorisms, mnemonics, shortcuts, word derivations, and diagnostic and therapeutic "pearls." Brief discussions of medicolegal considerations, human sexuality, cost containment, and other special aspects of patient management are included. There are supporting references for each section. The subject matter of<i>The Whole Internist Catalog</i>is presented in an entertaining but rather unorthodox manner. Reader interest is supposedly enhanced with eye-catching subject titles, eg, "Z-Z-Z-Z-Z-Z" (for snoring); "It's a Gas" (for flatulence); "Cooked Goose"
Discontinuing Antiepileptic Drugs
Authors: Timothy A. Pedley
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

When to stop administering a drug is at least as important a treatment decision as when to start. The issue is especially germane to the patient with epilepsy, because the chronic nature of the disorder often necessitates many years of treatment, and there is growing awareness of systemic and neurologic toxicity related to the long-term use of antiepileptic drugs. Until recently, however, many physicians have viewed the discontinuation of these drugs as hazardous, even in patients who had been free of seizures for many years, because of the paucity of reliable data on risk factors for seizure recurrence.The fundamental . . .
Prevention of Primary Liver Cancer by Immunization
Authors: Arie J. Zuckerman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

The most common form of primary liver cancer is hepatocellular carcinoma. The other forms of primary liver cancer, including cholangiocarcinoma, angiosarcoma, and several others, are quite rare. Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the 10 most common cancers in the world. It is particularly common among men in Southeast Asia, the western Pacific region, sub-Saharan Africa, and a number of other developing regions. Epidemiologic data from case–control and cohort studies and from laboratory investigations indicate that there is a consistent and specific causal association between infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatocellular carcinoma. Up to 80 percent of hepatocellular cancers . . .