tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Anti‐Inflammatory Nanoplatform for Effective Management of Infected Wounds
Authors: Huining Su, Yang Chen, Xunan Jing, Xiaoping Zhao, Heng Sun, Zhicheng Liu, Yao Qiu, Zuoliang Zhang, Hao Guan, Lingjie Meng
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Abstract Burn wound healing continues to pose significant challenges due to excessive inflammation, the risk of infection, and impaired tissue regeneration. In this regard, an antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti‐inflammatory nanocomposite (called HPA) that combines a nanosystem using hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene and the natural polyphenol of Phloretin with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is developed. HPA effectively disperses AgNPs to mitigate any toxicity caused by aggregation while also showing the pharmacological activities of Phloretin. During the initial stage of wound healing, HPA rapidly releases silver ions from its surface to suppress bacterial activity. Moreover, these nanoparticles are pH‐sensitive and degrade efficiently in the acidic infection microenvironment, gradually releasing Phloretin. This sustained release of Phloretin helps scavenge overexpressed reactive oxygen species in the infected microenvironment area, thus reducing the upregulation of pro‐inflammatory cytokines. The antibacterial activity, free radical clearance, and regulation of inflammatory factors of HPA through in vitro experiments are validated. Additionally, its effects using an infectious burn mouse model in vivo are evaluated. HPA is found to promote collagen deposition and epithelialization in the wound area. With its synergistic antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti‐inflammatory activities, as well as favorable biocompatibilities, HPA shows great promise as a safe and effective multifunctional nanoplatform for burn injury wound dressings.
Donor cell-derived genetic abnormalities after sex mismatched allogeneic cell transplantation: a unique challenge of donor cell leukemia
Authors: Melanie Klausner, Brian Phan, Laura Morsberger, Rebecca Parish, Alison Shane, Rebecca Park, Christopher D. Gocke, Rena R. Xian, Rick John Jones, Javier Bolaños-Meade, Lukasz P. Gondek, Michael Phan, Ying S. Zou
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2023)
Cellular aging is accelerated in the malignant clone of myeloproliferative neoplasms
Authors: Margherita Vieri, Vithurithra Tharmapalan, Milena Kalmer, Julian Baumeister, Miloš Nikolić, Matthis Schnitker, Martin Kirschner, Niclas Flosdorf, Marcelo A. S. de Toledo, Martin Zenke, Steffen Koschmieder, Tim H. Brümmendorf, Fabian Beier, Wolfgang Wagner
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2023)
High-dose cytarabine induction therapy and flow cytometric measurable residual disease monitoring for children with acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Daisuke Tomizawa, Jun Matsubayashi, Shotaro Iwamoto, Hidefumi Hiramatsu, Daisuke Hasegawa, Hiroshi Moritake, Daiichiro Hasegawa, Kiminori Terui, Asahito Hama, Shin-ichi Tsujimoto, Nobutaka Kiyokawa, Hayato Miyachi, Takao Deguchi, Yoshiko Hashii, Yuka Iijima-Yamashita, Tomohiko Taki, Yasushi Noguchi, Kazutoshi Koike, Katsuyoshi Koh, Yuki Yuza, Akiko Moriya Saito, Keizo Horibe, Takashi Taga, Shiro Tanaka, Souichi Adachi
Journal: Leukemia (2023)
Benralizumab for eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis: a retrospective, multicentre, cohort study
Authors: Alessandra Bettiol, Maria Letizia Urban, Roberto Padoan, Matthieu Groh, Giuseppe Lopalco, Allyson Egan, Vincent Cottin, Paolo Fraticelli, Claudia Crimi, Stefano Del Giacco, Laura Losappio, Laura Moi, Francesco Cinetto, Marco Caminati, Pavel Novikov, Alvise Berti, Paolo Cameli, Pascal Cathébras, Angelo Coppola, Cécile-Audrey Durel, Marco Folci, Alberto Lo Gullo, Carlo Lombardi, Sara Monti, Paola Parronchi, Carlos Martinez Rivera, Roser Solans, Angelo Vacca, Georgina Espígol-Frigolé, Gabriella Guarnieri, Fulvia Chieco Bianchi, Maria Rita Marchi, Colas Tcherakian, Jean-Emmanuel Kahn, Florenzo Iannone, Vincenzo Venerito, Charlene Desaintjean, Gianluca Moroncini, Santi Nolasco, Giulia Anna Maria Luigia Costanzo, Jan Walter Schroeder, Camillo Ribi, Michelangelo Tesi, Elena Gelain, Irene Mattioli, Federica Bello, David Jayne, Domenico Prisco, Augusto Vaglio, Giacomo Emmi
Journal: The Lancet Rheumatology (2023)
Mapping social vulnerability indicators to understand the health impacts of climate change: a scoping review
Authors: Ang Li, Mathew Toll, Rebecca Bentley
Journal: The Lancet Planetary Health (2023)

The need to assess and measure how social vulnerability influences the health impacts of climate change has resulted in a rapidly growing body of research literature. To date, there has been no overarching, systematic examination of where this evidence is concentrated and what inferences can be made. This scoping review provides an overview of studies published between 2012 and 2022 on social vulnerability to the negative health effects of climate change. Of the 2115 studies identified from four bibliographic databases (Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and CAB Direct), 230 that considered indicators of social vulnerability to climate change impacts on health outcomes were selected for review. Frequency and thematic analyses were conducted to establish the scope of the social vulnerability indicators, climate change impacts, and health conditions studied, and the substantive themes and findings of this research. 113 indicators of social vulnerability covering 15 themes were identified, with a small set of indicators receiving most of the research attention, including age, sex, ethnicity, education, income, poverty, unemployment, access to green and blue spaces, access to health services, social isolation, and population density. The results reveal an undertheorisation and few indicators that conceptualise and operationalise social vulnerability beyond individual sociodemographic characteristics by identifying structural and institutional dimensions of vulnerability, and a preponderance of social vulnerability research in high-income countries. This Review highlights the need for future research, data infrastructure, and policy attention to address structural, institutional, and sociopolitical conditions, which will better support climate resilience and adaptation planning.
ExplaiNAble BioLogical Age (ENABL Age): an artificial intelligence framework for interpretable biological age
Authors: Wei Qiu, Hugh Chen, Matt Kaeberlein, Su-In Lee
Journal: The Lancet Healthy Longevity (2023)

Biological age is a measure of health that offers insights into ageing. The existing age clocks, although valuable, often trade off accuracy and interpretability. We introduce ExplaiNAble BioLogical Age (ENABL Age), a computational framework that combines machine-learning models with explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) methods to accurately estimate biological age with individualised explanations.
Climate distress, climate-sensitive risk factors, and mental health among Tanzanian youth: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Leah Prencipe, Tanja A J Houweling, Frank J van Lenthe, Lusajo Kajula, Tia Palermo
Journal: The Lancet Planetary Health (2023)

Climate change threatens youth mental health through multiple mechanisms, yet empirical studies typically focus on single pathways. We explored feelings of distress over climate change among Tanzanian youth, considering associations with climate change awareness and climate-sensitive risk factors, and assessed how these factors relate to mental health.Tanzanian youth (aged 18-23 years) from a cluster randomised controlled trial in Mbeya and Iringa regions of Tanzania were interviewed between Jan 25, and March 3, 2021, and included in this cross-sectional study. A threshold of at least 10 on the ten-item Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale was used to classify symptom severity indicative of depression. Regardless of climate change awareness, respondents were asked about their feelings of distress on climate change using inclusive language (changing weather patterns or changing seasons). We estimated rate differences in climate change distress (slight or moderate or extreme vs none) by youth characteristics, extent of climate awareness, and climate-sensitive livelihoods (eg, agriculture, tending livestock) and climate-sensitive living conditions (eg, food or water insecurity), using generalised linear models. We compared depression prevalence by extent of climate change distress and climate-sensitive living conditions.Among 2053 youth (1123 [55%] were male and 930 [45%] were female) included in this analysis, 946 (46%) had reported any distress about climate change. Distress was higher among female, more educated, more religious, older youth, and those working in extreme temperatures. Adjusting for climate awareness-a factor strongly associated with climate distress-helped to explain some of these associations. Depression was 23 percentage points (95% CI 17-28) higher among youth who had severe water insecurity than those who did not. Similarly, youth who had severe food insecurity had 23 percentage points higher depression (95% CI 17-28) compared with those who did not. Those reporting climate change distress also had worse mental health-extremely distressed youth had 18 percentage points (95% CI 6-30) higher depression than those reporting none.Living in conditions worsened by climate change and feeling distressed over climate change have mental health implications among young people from low-resource settings, indicating that climate change can impact youth mental health through multiple pathways.Erasmus Trustfonds, Centre for Global Health Inequalities Research, UK's Foreign, Commonwealth, and Development Office, Oak Foundation, UNICEF, UK's Department of International Development, the Swedish Development Cooperation Agency, Irish Aid.
Prevalence of stress, anxiety, and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder among Ukrainians after the first year of Russian invasion: a nationwide cross-sectional study
Authors: Oleh Lushchak, Mariana Velykodna, Svitlana Bolman, Olha Strilbytska, Vladyslav Berezovskyi, Kenneth B. Storey
Journal: The Lancet Regional Health - Europe (2023)

In February 2022 the Russian federation started a new invasion of Ukraine as an escalation of the ongoing war since 2014. After nine years of war and the COVID-19 pandemic, the mental health state of Ukrainians requires systematic monitoring and relevant action. The aim of present study was to investigate the state of mental health among Ukrainians assessing the levels of stress, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) prevalence in not displaced persons (NDPs), internally displaced persons (IDPs), and refugees abroad.This study was designed as an online survey arranged in the 9-12 months after the start of the new invasion of Ukraine and includes sociodemographic data collection, evaluation of stress intensity by Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), anxiety with General Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder with PTSD Check List (PCL-5).The sample size of 3173 Ukrainians consisted of 1954 (61.6%) respondents that were not displaced persons (NDPs), 505 (15.9%) internally displaced persons within Ukraine (IDPs), and 714 (22.5%) refugees that left Ukraine. Moderate and high stress was prevalent among 68.2% (1333/1954) and 15.5% (302/1954) of NDPs, 64.4% (325/505) and 21.6% (109/505) of IDPs, and 64.7% (462/714) and 25.2% (180/714) of refugees, respectively. Moderate and severe anxiety was prevalent among 25.6% (500/1954) and 19.0% (371/1954) of NDPs, 25.7% (130/505) and 23.4% (118/505) of IDPs, and 26.2% (187/714) and 25.8% (184/714) of refugees. High levels of PTSD (33 and higher) were prevalent among 32.9% (642/1954) of NDPs, 39.4% (199/1954) of IDPs, and 47.2% (337/714) of refugees. DSM-V criteria for PTSD diagnosis was met by 50.8% (992/1954) of NDPs, 55.4% (280/505) of IDPs, and 62.2% (444/714) of refugees. Only 7.2% of the respondents reported no or mild stress, anxiety, and PTSD levels within the sample.The lowest stress, anxiety, and PTSD severity was observed among NDPs, with significantly higher levels among IDPs and the highest among refugees. Being forcibly displaced from the previous living area and, especially, entering a new cultural environment significantly contributes to the mental health issues caused by war exposure and witnessing.Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine.
Fixed-duration ibrutinib–venetoclax versus chlorambucil–obinutuzumab in previously untreated chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (GLOW): 4-year follow-up from a multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial
Authors: Carsten U Niemann, Talha Munir, Carol Moreno, Carolyn Owen, George A Follows, Ohad Benjamini, Ann Janssens, Mark-David Levin, Tadeusz Robak, Martin Simkovic, Sergey Voloshin, Vladimir Vorobyev, Munci Yagci, Loic Ysebaert, Keqin Qi, Qianya Qi, Pierre Sinet, Lori Parisi, Srimathi Srinivasan, Natasha Schuier, Kurt Baeten, Angela Howes, Donne Bennett Caces, Arnon P Kater
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2023)
Calling attention to opponents of climate action in climate and health messaging
Authors: John Kotcher, Kate Luong, Joel Charles, Rob Gould, Edward Maibach
Journal: The Lancet Planetary Health (2023)

Previous research suggests that providing information about the health effects of climate change and the health benefits of climate action can increase public engagement with the issue. We sought to extend those findings with an experiment to test the motivational value of calling attention to opponents of climate action. In February, 2022, we conducted a survey experiment with adults from the USA, quota-sampled to represent the USA population (n=2201). Participants were randomly assigned to a no-message control condition, or one of four message conditions identified as authored by concerned health professionals. These messages warned recipients about the negative effects of climate change on health, and either made no mention of an opponent to climate action, or were messages augmented by identifying one of three opponents: (1) fossil fuel chief executive officers and their lobbyists, (2) politicians, or (3) a combination of the two. Portrayal of opponents to climate action increased attitudinal engagement, support for mitigation policies, and intentions to advocate for climate solutions, compared with message conditions not identifying an opponent—with the combined opponent portrayal tending to result in the largest effects; these effects were evident with audiences across political lines, especially political conservatives. Climate and health messages—with or without portrayal of an opponent—also increased trust in the messengers relative to the no-message control. These findings suggest that identifying opponents to climate action can be advantageous to building support for such action, reducing political issue polarisation, and fostering greater trust in health professionals as climate messengers.
Harnessing human adipose-derived stromal cell chondrogenesis in vitro for enhanced endochondral ossification
Authors: Mansoor Chaaban, Adrien Moya, Andres García-García, Robert Paillaud, Romain Schaller, Thibaut Klein, Laura Power, Katarzyna Buczak, Alexander Schmidt, Elisabeth Kappos, Tarek Ismail, Dirk J. Schaefer, Ivan Martin, Arnaud Scherberich
Journal: Biomaterials (2023)

Endochondral ossification (ECO), the major ossification process during embryogenesis and bone repair, involves the formation of a cartilaginous template remodelled into a functional bone organ. Adipose-derived stromal cells (ASC), non-skeletal multipotent progenitors from the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) of human adipose tissue, were shown to recapitulate ECO and generate bone organs in vivo when primed into a hypertrophic cartilage tissue (HCT) in vitro. However, the reproducibility of ECO was limited and the major triggers remain unknown. We studied the effect of the expansion of cells and maturation of HCT on the induction of the ECO process. SVF cells or expanded ASC were seeded onto collagen sponges, cultured in chondrogenic medium for 3–6 weeks and implanted ectopically in nude mice to evaluate their bone-forming capacities. SVF cells from all tested donors formed mature HCT in 3 weeks whereas ASC needed 4–5 weeks. A longer induction increased the degree of maturation of the HCT, with a gradually denser cartilaginous matrix and increased mineralization. This degree of maturation was highly predictive of their bone-forming capacity in vivo, with ECO achieved only for an intermediate maturation degree. In parallel, expanding ASC also resulted in an enrichment of the stromal fraction characterized by a rapid change of their proteomic profile from a quiescent to a proliferative state. Inducing quiescence rescued their chondrogenic potential. Our findings emphasize the role of monolayer expansion and chondrogenic maturation degree of ASC on ECO and provides a simple, yet reproducible and effective approach for bone formation to be tested in specific clinical models.
In healthy older adults, low-dose aspirin did not differ from placebo for ischemic stroke but increased intracranial bleeding
Authors: Salvador Cruz-Flores
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2023)

Source Citation Cloud GC, Williamson JD, Thao LTP, et al. Low-dose aspirin and the risk of stroke and intracerebral bleeding in healthy older people: secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6:e2325803. 37494038
In ischemic LV dysfunction, adding PCI to medical therapy did not reduce a composite of death or aborted sudden death
Authors: Richard G. Bach
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2023)

Perera D, Morgan HP, Ryan M, et al; REVIVED-BCIS2 Investigators. Arrhythmia and death following percutaneous revascularization in ischemic left ventricular dysfunction: prespecified analyses from the REVIVED-BCIS2 trial. Circulation. 2023;148:862-871. 37555345.
Effects of Remote Patient Monitoring Use on Care Outcomes Among Medicare Patients With Hypertension
Authors: Mitchell Tang, Carter H. Nakamoto, Ariel D. Stern, Jose R. Zubizarreta, Felippe O. Marcondes, Lori Uscher-Pines, Lee H. Schwamm, Ateev Mehrotra
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2023)

Remote patient monitoring (RPM) is a promising tool for improving chronic disease management. Use of RPM for hypertension monitoring is growing rapidly, raising concerns about increased spending. However, the effects of RPM are still unclear.To estimate RPM's effect on hypertension care and spending.Matched observational study emulating a longitudinal, cluster randomized trial. After matching, effect estimates were derived from a regression analysis comparing changes in outcomes from 2019 to 2021 for patients with hypertension at high-RPM practices versus those at matched control practices with little RPM use.Traditional Medicare.Patients with hypertension.Receipt of care at a high-RPM practice.Primary outcomes included hypertension medication use (medication fills, adherence, and unique medications received), outpatient visit use, testing and imaging use, hypertension-related acute care use, and total hypertension-related spending.192 high-RPM practices (with 19 978 patients with hypertension) were matched to 942 low-RPM control practices (with 95 029 patients with hypertension). Compared with patients with hypertension at matched low-RPM practices, patients with hypertension at high-RPM practices had a 3.3% (95% CI, 1.9% to 4.8%) relative increase in hypertension medication fills, a 1.6% (CI, 0.7% to 2.5%) increase in days' supply, and a 1.3% (CI, 0.2% to 2.4%) increase in unique medications received. Patients at high-RPM practices also had fewer hypertension-related acute care encounters (-9.3% [CI, -20.6% to 2.1%]) and reduced testing use (-5.9% [CI, -11.9% to 0.0%]). However, these patients also saw increases in primary care physician outpatient visits (7.2% [CI, -0.1% to 14.6%]) and a $274 [CI, $165 to $384]) increase in total hypertension-related spending.Lacked blood pressure data; residual confounding.Patients in high-RPM practices had improved hypertension care outcomes but increased spending.National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke.
Thiazides do not affect mortality but may reduce CV events vs. nondiuretic antihypertensive drugs at up to 5 y
Authors: Anuj A. Patel, David S. Goldfarb
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2023)

Reinhart M, Puil L, Salzwedel DM, et al. First-line diuretics versus other classes of antihypertensive drugs for hypertension. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2023;7:CD008161. 37439548.
Alveolar Differentiation Drives Resistance to <i>KRAS</i> Inhibition in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhuxuan Li, Xueqian Zhuang, Chun-Hao Pan, Yan Yan, Rohit Thummalapalli, Jill Hallin, Stefan Torborg, Anupriya Singhal, Jason C. Chang, Eusebio Manchado, Lukas E. Dow, Rona Yaeger, James G. Christensen, Scott W. Lowe, Charles M. Rudin, Simon Joost, Tuomas Tammela
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2023)

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), commonly driven by KRAS mutations, is responsible for 7% of all cancer mortality. The first allele-specific KRAS inhibitors were recently approved in LUAD, but the clinical benefit is limited by intrinsic and acquired resistance. LUAD predominantly arises from alveolar type 2 (AT2) cells, which function as facultative alveolar stem cells by self-renewing and replacing alveolar type 1 (AT1) cells. Using genetically engineered mouse models, patient-derived xenografts, and patient samples, we found inhibition of KRAS promotes transition to a quiescent AT1-like cancer cell state in LUAD tumors. Similarly, suppressing Kras induced AT1 differentiation of wild-type AT2 cells upon lung injury. The AT1-like LUAD cells exhibited high growth and differentiation potential upon treatment cessation, whereas ablation of the AT1-like cells robustly improved treatment response to KRAS inhibitors. Our results uncover an unexpected role for KRAS in promoting intratumoral heterogeneity and suggest that targeting alveolar differentiation may augment KRAS-targeted therapies in LUAD. Treatment resistance limits response to KRAS inhibitors in LUAD patients. We find LUAD residual disease following KRAS targeting is composed of AT1-like cancer cells with the capacity to reignite tumorigenesis. Targeting the AT1-like cells augments responses to KRAS inhibition, elucidating a therapeutic strategy to overcome resistance to KRAS-targeted therapy. This article is featured in Selected Articles from This Issue, p. 201.
Vitamin B6 Competition in the Tumor Microenvironment Hampers Antitumor Functions of NK Cells
Authors: Chunbo He, Dezhen Wang, Surendra K. Shukla, Tuo Hu, Ravi Thakur, Xiao Fu, Ryan J. King, Sai Sundeep Kollala, Kuldeep S. Attri, Divya Murthy, Nina V. Chaika, Yuki Fujii, Daisy Gonzalez, Camila G. Pacheco, Yudong Qiu, Pankaj K. Singh, Jason W. Locasale, Kamiya Mehla
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2023)

Abstract Nutritional factors play crucial roles in immune responses. The tumor-caused nutritional deficiencies are known to affect antitumor immunity. Here, we demonstrate that pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells can suppress NK-cell cytotoxicity by restricting the accessibility of vitamin B6 (VB6). PDAC cells actively consume VB6 to support one-carbon metabolism, and thus tumor cell growth, causing VB6 deprivation in the tumor microenvironment. In comparison, NK cells require VB6 for intracellular glycogen breakdown, which serves as a critical energy source for NK-cell activation. VB6 supplementation in combination with one-carbon metabolism blockage effectively diminishes tumor burden in vivo. Our results expand the understanding of the critical role of micronutrients in regulating cancer progression and antitumor immunity, and open new avenues for developing novel therapeutic strategies against PDAC. Significance: The nutrient competition among the different tumor microenvironment components drives tumor growth, immune tolerance, and therapeutic resistance. PDAC cells demand a high amount of VB6, thus competitively causing NK-cell dysfunction. Supplying VB6 with blocking VB6-dependent one-carbon metabolism amplifies the NK-cell antitumor immunity and inhibits tumor growth in PDAC models. This article is featured in Selected Articles from This Issue, p. 5