tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Annals On Call - Atrial Fibrillation: Control Rate or Rhythm?
Authors: Robert M. Centor, Harish Doppalapudi
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2023)

Web Exclusives3 January 2023Annals On Call - Atrial Fibrillation: Control Rate or Rhythm?FREERobert M. Centor, MD and Harish Doppalapudi, MDRobert M. Centor, MDHuntsville Regional Medical Campus, University of Alabama Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama (R.M.C.) and Harish Doppalapudi, MDUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (H.D.)Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/A22-0001 CME/MOC SectionsAboutVisual Abstract ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail In this episode of Annals On Call, Dr. Centor discusses the care of patients with atrial fibrillation, including the controversy over rate versus rhythm control, with Dr. Harish Doppalapudi.Annals articles discussed include...Early Rhythm Control Therapy for Atrial Fibrillation in Low-Risk Patients. A Nationwide Propensity Score–Weighted Study: https://www.acpjournals.org/doi/10.7326/M21-4798About Annals On CallAnnals On Call focuses on a clinically influential article published in Annals of Internal Medicine. Dr. Robert Centor shares his own perspective on the material and interviews topic area experts to discuss, debate, and share diverse insights about patient care and health care delivery.For more information on Annals On Call and for more episodes, visit go.annals.org/OnCall. Comments0 CommentsSign In to Submit A Comment Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Robert M. Centor, MD; Harish Doppalapudi, MDAffiliations: Huntsville Regional Medical Campus, University of Alabama Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama (R.M.C.)University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (H.D.)Disclosures: All relevant financial relationships have been mitigated. Disclosures can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=A22-0001.Editors' Disclosures: The editors have no relevant financial relationships to disclose. Individual forms may be viewed at www.annals.org/editorsdisclosures.This article was published at Annals.org on 3 January 2023. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoEarly Rhythm Control Therapy for Atrial Fibrillation in Low-Risk Patients Daehoon Kim , Pil-Sung Yang , Seng Chan You , Eunsun Jang , Hee Tae Yu , Tae-Hoon Kim , Hui-Nam Pak , Moon-Hyoung Lee , Gregory Y.H. Lip , Jung-Hoon Sung , and Boyoung Joung Metrics January 2023Volume 176, Issue 1 ePublished: 3 January 2023 Issue Published: January 2023 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2023 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.Loading ...
In older adults with recent MI, polypill vs. usual care reduced major adverse CV events at 3 y
Authors: Manoj Kesarwani
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2023)

ACP Journal ClubJanuary 2023In older adults with recent MI, polypill vs. usual care reduced major adverse CV events at 3 yManoj Kesarwani, MDManoj Kesarwani, MDUniversity of California, Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA (M.K.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/J22-0110 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationCastellano JM, Pocock SJ, Bhatt DL, et al. Polypill strategy in secondary cardiovascular prevention. N Engl J Med. 2022;387:967-77. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36018037Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Cardiology: Geriatrics: References1. Kotseva K. The EUROASPIRE surveys: lessons learned in cardiovascular disease prevention. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther. 2017;7:633-9. [PMID: 29302468] Google Scholar2. Amsterdam EA, Wenger NK, Brindis RG, et al. 2014 AHA/ACC guideline for the management of patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;64:e139-228. [PMID: 25260718] Google Scholar3. O’Gara PT, Kushner FG, Ascheim DD, et al. 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2013;127:e362-425. [PMID: 25457397] Google Scholar4. Reddy KS. Polypill opens a path for improving adherence [Editorial]. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;64:2083-5. [PMID: 25457397] Google Scholar5. Kahan BC, Cro S, Doré CJ, et al. Reducing bias in open-label trials where blinded outcome assessment is not feasible: strategies from two randomised trials. Trials. 2014;15:456. [PMID: 25416527] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Manoj Kesarwani, MDAffiliations: University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA (M.K.)Disclosures: The commentator has reported no disclosures of interest. The form can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=J22-0110.This article was published at Annals.org on 3 January 2023.ACP Journal Club is editorially independent from Annals of Internal Medicine. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics January 2023Volume 176, Issue 1Page: JC3KeywordsAntiplatelet therapyAspirinCoronary revascularizationElderlyIschemic strokeMyocardial infarctionNumber needed to treatStatinsStrokeTreatment guidelines ePublished: 3 January 2023 Issue Published: January 2023 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2023 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Acute myeloid leukemia: 2023 update on diagnosis, risk‐stratification, and management
Authors: Shai Shimony, Maximilian Stahl, Richard M. Stone
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2023)

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a frequently fatal bone marrow stem cell cancer characterized by unbridled proliferation of malignant marrow stem cells with associated infection, anemia, and bleeding. An improved understanding of pathophysiology, improvements in measurement technology and at least 10 recently approved therapies have led to revamping the diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic landscape of AML.One updated and one new classification system were published in 2022, both emphasizing the integration of molecular analysis into daily practice. Differences between the International Consensus Classification and major revisions from the previous 2016 WHO system provide both challenges and opportunities for care and clinical research.The European Leukemia Net 2022 risk classification integrates knowledge from novel molecular findings and recent trial results, as well as emphasizing dynamic risk based on serial measurable residual disease assessment. However, how to leverage our burgeoning ability to measure a small number of potentially malignant myeloid cells into therapeutic decision making is controversial.The diagnostic and therapeutic complexity plus the availability of newly approved agents requires a nuanced therapeutic algorithm which should integrate patient goals of care, comorbidities, and disease characteristics including the specific mutational profile of the patient's AML. The framework we suggest only represents the beginning of the discussion.
Association of Pretransplant Coronary Heart Disease Testing With Early Kidney Transplant Outcomes
Authors: Xingxing S. Cheng, Sai Liu, Jialin Han, Margaret R. Stedman, Michael Baiocchi, Jane C. Tan, Glenn M. Chertow, William F. Fearon
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2023)

Importance Testing for coronary heart disease (CHD) in asymptomatic kidney transplant candidates before transplant is widespread and endorsed by various professional societies, but its association with perioperative outcomes is unclear. Objective To estimate the association of pretransplant CHD testing with rates of death and myocardial infarction (MI). Design, Setting, and Participants This retrospective cohort study included all adult, first-time kidney transplant recipients from January 2000 through December 2014 in the US Renal Data System with at least 1 year of Medicare enrollment before and after transplant. An instrumental variable (IV) analysis was used, with the program-level CHD testing rate in the year of the transplant as the IV. Analyses were stratified by study period, as the rate of CHD testing varied over time. A combination of US Renal Data System variables and Medicare claims was used to ascertain exposure, IV, covariates, and outcomes. Exposures Receipt of nonurgent invasive or noninvasive CHD testing during the 12 months preceding kidney transplant. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was a composite of death or acute MI within 30 days of after kidney transplant. Results The cohort comprised 79 334 adult, first-time kidney transplant recipients (30 147 women [38%]; 25 387 [21%] Black and 48 394 [61%] White individuals; mean [SD] age of 56 [14] years during 2012 to 2014). The primary outcome occurred in 4604 patients (5.3%; 2063 [2.6%] death, 2329 [2.9%] acute MI). During the most recent study period (2012-2014), the CHD testing rate was 56% in patients in the most test-intensive transplant programs (fifth IV quintile) and 24% in patients at the least test-intensive transplant program (first IV quintile, P &amp;amp;lt; .001); this pattern was similar across other study periods. In the main IV analysis, compared with no testing, CHD testing was not associated with a change in the rate of primary outcome (rate difference, 1.9%; 95% CI, 0%-3.5%). The results were similar across study periods, except for 2000 to 2003, during which CHD testing was associated with a higher event rate (rate difference, 6.8%; 95% CI, 1.8%-12.0%). Conclusions and Relevance The results of this cohort study suggest that pretransplant CHD testing was not associated with a reduction in early posttransplant death or acute MI. The study findings potentially challenge the ubiquity of CHD testing before kidney transplant and should be confirmed in interventional studies.
Short-Term Adverse Outcomes After Mifepristone–Misoprostol Versus Procedural Induced Abortion
Authors: Ning Liu, Joel G. Ray
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2023)

Prior studies comparing first-trimester pharmaceutical induced abortion (IA) with procedural IA were prone to selection bias, were underpowered to assess serious adverse events (SAEs), and did not account for confounding by indication. Starting in 2017, mifepristone-misoprostol was dispensed at no cost in outpatient pharmacies across Ontario, Canada.To compare short-term risk for adverse outcomes after early IA by mifepristone-misoprostol versus by procedural IA.Population-based cohort study.Ontario, Canada.All women who had first-trimester IA.A total of 39 856 women dispensed mifepristone-misoprostol as outpatients were compared with 65 176 women undergoing procedural IA at 14 weeks' gestation or earlier within nonhospital outpatient clinics (comparison 1). A total of 39 856 women prescribed mifepristone-misoprostol were compared with 8861 women undergoing ambulatory hospital-based procedural IA at an estimated 9 weeks' gestation or less (comparison 2). The primary composite outcome was any SAE within 42 days after IA, including severe maternal morbidity, end-organ damage, intensive care unit admission, or death. A coprimary broader outcome comprised any SAE, hemorrhage, retained products of conception, infection, or transfusion. Stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting accounted for confounding between exposure groups.Mean age at IA was about 29 years (SD, 7); 33% were primigravidae. Six percent resided in rural areas, and 25% resided in low-income neighborhoods. In comparison 1, SAEs occurred among 133 women after mifepristone-misoprostol IA (3.3 per 1000) versus 114 after procedural IA (1.8 per 1000) (relative risk [RR], 1.87 [95% CI, 1.44 to 2.43]; absolute risk difference [ARD], 1.5 per 1000 [CI, 0.9 to 2.2]). The respective rates of any adverse event were 28.9 versus 12.4 per 1000 (RR, 2.33 [CI, 2.11 to 2.57]; ARD, 16.5 per 1000 [CI, 14.5 to 18.4]). In comparison 2, SAEs occurred among 133 (3.4 per 1000) and 27 (3.3 per 1000) women, respectively (RR, 1.04 [CI, 0.61 to 1.78]). The respective rates of any adverse event were 31.2 versus 24.9 per 1000 (RR, 1.25 [CI, 1.04 to 1.51]).A woman prescribed mifepristone-misoprostol may not have taken the medication, and the exact gestational age at IA was not always known.Although rare, short-term adverse events are more likely after mifepristone-misoprostol IA than procedural IA, especially for less serious adverse outcomes.Canadian Institutes of Health Research.
In cancer with dyspnea, high-dose dexamethasone did not improve dyspnea and increased SAEs
Authors: Michael Certo, Robert Arnold
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2023)

Source Citation Hui D, Puac V, Shelal Z, et al. Effect of dexamethasone on dyspnoea in patients with cancer (ABCD): a parallel-group, double-blind, randomised, controlled trial. Lancet Oncol. 2022;23:1321-31. 36087590
Complications and treatment errors in root coverage procedures
Authors: Claudio Mazzotti, Ilham Mounssif, Alexandra Rendón, Monica Mele, Matteo Sangiorgi, Martina Stefanini, Giovanni Zucchelli
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2023)

Abstract Root coverage procedures have become very common in clinical dental practice. Even though these techniques are considered safe, the clinician may face several issues during the therapy due to their surgical nature. Some of these issues can be defined strictly as complications inherent to the procedure, whereas others are medical errors or treatment errors. This review will focus on describing treatment errors and complications that may arise during different phases of the root coverage therapeutic process and on how to prevent and manage them.
Clinical outcomes and prognostic risk factors of Langerhans cell histiocytosis in children: Results from the <scp>BCH‐LCH</scp> 2014 protocol study
Authors: Lei Cui, Chan‐Juan Wang, Hong‐Yun Lian, Li Zhang, Hong‐Hao Ma, Dong Wang, Fen‐Fen Chen, Qing Zhang, Ying Yang, Ang Wei, Xiao‐Tong Huang, Ting Zhu, Tian‐You Wang, Zhi‐Gang Li, Rui Zhang
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2023)

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare myeloid neoplasm mainly affecting young children. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of 449 pediatric patients enrolled in the BCH-LCH 2014 study. 52.6% of patients were classified with single-system (SS) LCH, 28.1% with multisystem (MS) risk organ negative (RO-) LCH, and 19.4% with MS RO+ LCH. Three hundred ninety-six patients (88.2%) were initially treated with first-line therapy based on the vindesine-prednisone combination. One hundred thirty-nine patients who lacked a response to initial treatment were shifted to second-line therapy, 72 to intensive treatment Arm S1 (a combination of cytarabine, cladribine, vindesine, and dexamethasone), and 67 to Arm S2 (without cladribine). The 5-year overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and relapse rates were 98.2% (median: 97.6 months), 54.6% (median: 58.3 months), and 29.9%, respectively. MS RO+ patients had the worst prognosis among the three clinical subtypes. For the patients initially treated with first-line therapy, the 5-year OS, PFS, and relapse rates were 99.2%, 54.5%, and 29.3%, respectively. Patients in Arm S1 had a significantly better prognosis than patients in Arm S2 (5-year PFS: 69.2% vs. 46.5%, p = .042; relapse rate: 23.4% vs. 44.2%, p = .031). Multivariate analysis revealed that early treatment response, the involvement of RO, skin, and oral mucosa, as well as laboratory parameters, including CRP and γ-GT, were independent risk factors for the PFS of LCH. Thus, the prognosis of LCH in children has been improved significantly with stratified chemotherapy, and progression and relapse remained the challenges, especially for RO+ patients.
Converting Steps Into Physical Activity Time—Reply
Authors: Borja del Pozo Cruz, Matthew Ahmadi, Emmanuel Stamatakis
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Hypothalamic Grb10 enhances leptin signalling and promotes weight loss
Authors: Hailan Liu, Yang He, Juli Bai, Chuanhai Zhang, Feng Zhang, Yongjie Yang, Hairong Luo, Meng Yu, Hesong Liu, Longlong Tu, Nan Zhang, Na Yin, Junying Han, Zili Yan, Nikolas Anthony Scarcelli, Kristine Marie Conde, Mengjie Wang, Jonathan Carter Bean, Camille Hollan Sidell Potts, Chunmei Wang, Fang Hu, Feng Liu, Yong Xu
Journal: Nature Metabolism (2023)
Optimization of Lactoferrin‐Derived Amyloid Coating for Enhancing Soft Tissue Seal and Antibacterial Activity of Titanium Implants
Authors: Wan‐rong Wang, Jing Li, Jun‐ting Gu, Bo‐wen Hu, Wen Qin, Yi‐na Zhu, Zhen‐xing Guo, Yu‐Xuan Ma, Franklin Tay, Kai Jiao, Lina Niu
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Abstract A poor seal of the titanium implant–soft tissue interface provokes bacterial invasion, aggravates inflammation, and ultimately results in implant failure. To ensure the long‐term success of titanium implants, lactoferrin‐derived amyloid is coated on the titanium surface to increase the expression of cell integrins and hemidesmosomes, with the goal of promoting soft tissue seal and imparting antibacterial activity to the implants. The lactoferrin‐derived amyloid coated titanium structures contain a large number of amino and carboxyl groups on their surfaces, and promote proliferation and adhesion of epithelial cells and fibroblasts via the PI3K/AKT pathway. The amyloid coating also has a strong positive charge and possesses potent antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Porphyromonas gingivalis . In a rat immediate implantation model, the amyloid‐coated titanium implants form gingival junctional epithelium at the transmucosal region that resembles the junctional epithelium in natural teeth. This provides a strong soft tissue seal to wall off infection. Taken together, lactoferrin‐derived amyloid is a dual‐function transparent coating that promotes soft tissue seal and possesses antibacterial activity. These unique properties enable the synthesized amyloid to be used as potential biological implant coatings.
In T1DM, open-source automated insulin delivery increased glucose time in target vs. sensor-augmented pumps
Authors: Michael Lockhart, Sean F. Dinneen
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2023)

ACP Journal ClubJanuary 2023In T1DM, open-source automated insulin delivery increased glucose time in target vs. sensor-augmented pumpsMichael Lockhart, MD, Sean F. Dinneen, MDMichael Lockhart, MDGalway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland (M.L., S.F.D.)Search for more papers by this author, Sean F. Dinneen, MDGalway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland (M.L., S.F.D.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/J22-0108 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationBurnside MJ, Lewis DM, Crocket HR, et al. Open-source automated insulin delivery in type 1 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2022;387:869-81. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36069869Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Endocrinology: References1. Braune K, Lal RA, Petruželková L, et al. Open-source automated insulin delivery: international consensus statement and practical guidance for health-care professionals. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2022;10:58-74. [PMID: 34785000] Google Scholar2. American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee; Draznin B, Aroda VR, Bakris G, et al. 7. Diabetes technology: standards of medical care in diabetes–2022. Diabetes Care. 2022;45:S97-112. [PMID: 34964871] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Michael Lockhart, MD; Sean F. Dinneen, MDAffiliations: Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland (M.L., S.F.D.)Disclosures: Disclosures can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=J22-0108.This article was published at Annals.org on 3 January 2023.ACP Journal Club is editorially independent from Annals of Internal Medicine. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics January 2023Volume 176, Issue 1Page: JC11KeywordsClinical trialsGlucoseHbA1cHemoglobinInsulinRandomized trialsType 1 diabetes ePublished: 3 January 2023 Issue Published: January 2023 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2023 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...