tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Noninvasive prediction of perineural invasion in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma by clinicoradiological features and computed tomography radiomics based on interpretable machine learning: a multicenter cohort study
Authors: Ziwei Liu, Chun Luo, Xinjie Chen, Yanqiu Feng, Jieying Feng, Rong Zhang, Fusheng Ouyang, Xiaohong Li, Zhilin Tan, Lingda Deng, Yifan Chen, Zhiping Cai, Ximing Zhang, Jiehong Liu, Wei Liu, Baoliang Guo, Qiugen Hu
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

Background: Perineural invasion (PNI) of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a strong independent risk factor for tumor recurrence and long-term patient survival. However, there is a lack of non-invasive tools for accurately predicting the PNI status. We develop and validate a combined model incorporating radiomics signature and clinicoradiological features based on machine learning for predicting PNI in ICC, and used the Shapley Additive explanation (SHAP) to visualize the prediction process for clinical application. Methods: This retrospective and prospective study included 243 patients with pathologically diagnosed ICC (training, n=136; external validation, n=81; prospective, n=26, respectively) who underwent preoperative contrast-enhanced CT between January 2012 and May 2023 at three institutions (three tertiary referral centers in Guangdong Province, China). The ElasticNet was applied to select radiomics features and construct signature derived from CT images, and univariate and multivariate analyses by logistic regression were used to identify the significant clinical and radiological variables with PNI. A robust combined model incorporating radiomics signature and clinicoradiological features based on machine learning was developed and the SHAP was used to visualize the prediction process. A Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was performed to compare prognostic differences between PNI positive and negative groups and was conducted to explore the prognostic information of the combined model. Results: Among 243 patients (mean age, 61.2 y ± 11.0 (SD); 152 men and 91 women), 108 (44.4%) were diagnosed as PNI-positive. The radiomics signature was constructed by seven radiomics features, with areas under the curves (AUCs) of 0.792, 0.748, and 0.729 in the training, external validation, and prospective cohorts, respectively. Three significant clinicoradiological features were selected and combined with radiomics signature to construct a combined model using machine learning. The eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) exhibited improved accuracy and robustness (AUCs of 0.884, 0.831, and 0.831, respectively). Survival analysis showed the construction combined model could be used to stratify relapse-free survival (hazard ratio, 1.933; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.093–3.418; P =0.021). Conclusions: We developed and validated a robust combined model incorporating radiomics signature and clinicoradiological features based on machine learning to accurately identify the PNI statuses of ICC, and visualize the prediction process through SHAP for clinical application.
Comparison of short-term outcomes between robotic and laparoscopic liver resection: a meta-analysis of propensity score-matched studies
Authors: Feng-wei Gao, Xin Zhao, Qing-yun Xie, Kang-yi Jiang, Tian-yang Mao, Man-yu Yang, Hong Wu
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

Objective: This meta-analysis aimed to compare short-term outcomes between robotic liver resection (RLR) and laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) using data collected from propensity score-matched studies (PSM). Methods: The PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases were searched to collect propensity score-matched studies comparing RLR and LLR. Relevant data were extracted and analyzed. Odds ratios (OR) and standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using fixed-effect or random-effect models. Meta-regression analysis was performed for primary outcome measures. Subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses were performed for outcomes exhibiting high heterogeneity. Quality of evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation framework. Results: Twenty-two propensity score-matched studies were included to comprise 5272 patients (RLR group, 2422 cases; LLR group, 2850 cases). Intraoperative blood loss (SMD=−0.31 mL, 95% CI −0.48 to −0.14; P =0.0005), open conversion (OR= 0.46, 95% CI 0.37 to 0.58; P &lt;0.0001), and severe complications (OR=0.76, 95% CI 0.61 to 0.95; P =0.02) were significantly lower in the RLR group. Operation time, odds of use and duration of Pringle maneuver, length of hospital stay, and odds of intraoperative blood transfusion, overall complications, R0 resection, reoperation, 30-day readmission, 30-day mortality, and 90-day mortality did not significantly differ between the groups. Further subgroup and sensitivity analyses suggested that the results were stable. Meta regression analysis did not suggest a correlation between primary outcomes and study characteristics. The quality of evidence for the primary outcomes was medium or low, while that for the secondary outcomes was medium, low, or very low. Conclusion: Although some short-term outcomes are similar between RLR and LLR, RLR is superior in terms of less blood loss and lower odds of open conversion and severe complications. In the future, RLR may become a safe and effective replacement for LLR.
A commentary on ‘Alteration of the fecal microbiome in patients with cholecystectomy: potential relationship with postcholecystectomy diarrhea – before and after study’
Authors: Jiayi Ye, Yanjie Hu, Ka Li
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China Jiayi Ye, Yanjie Hu These authors contributed equally to this work. Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article. Published online ■ ■ *Corresponding author. Address: No. 17, Section 3, Renmin South Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, China. E-mail address: [email protected] (K. Li). This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work, even for commercial purposes, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
A commentary on ‘ChatGPT has made the field of surgery full of opportunities and challenges’
Authors: Yuhui Chen, Li Chen, Shousen Wang
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

Department of Neurosurgery, Fuzong Clinical Medical college of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China The correspondence is based exclusively on resources that are publicly available on the internet and duly cited in the 'References' section. No primary data were generated and reported in this manuscript. Therefore, the data have not become available to any academic repository. Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article. Published online ■ ■ *Corresponding author. Address: Department of Neurosurgery, Fuzong Clinical Medical college of Fujian Medical University, No. 156, West Second Ring North Road, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350025, China. E-mail address: [email protected] (S. Wang). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial License 4.0 (CCBY-NC), where it is permissible to download, share, remix, transform, and buildup the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be used commercially without permission from the journal. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Prevalence and long-term implications of preoperative anemia in patients undergoing elective general surgery: a retrospective cohort study at a university hospital
Authors: Tamara Braunschmid, Alexandra Graf, Ernst Eigenbauer, Gerhard Schak, Klaus Sahora, David M. Baron
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the prevalence of anaemia in a cohort of patients undergoing elective general surgery at a university hospital. Furthermore, the authors investigated the influence of anaemia on short-term and long-term postoperative outcome.
A commentary on ‘Risk factors for postoperative delirium: An umbrella review of systematic reviews’
Authors: Yali Yan, Fuqin Tang, Lili Feng, Xiuling Zhou, Yingying Ruan
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

Yan, Yali MB; Tang, Fuqin MM; Feng, Lili MM; Zhou, Xiuling MB; Ruan, Yingying MB Author Information
Biomimetic inducer enabled dual ferroptosis of tumor and M2-type macrophages for enhanced tumor immunotherapy
Authors: Mingqi Chen, Yucui Shen, Yinying Pu, Bangguo Zhou, Jinhong Bing, Min Ge, Yaxuan Zhu, Shuang Gao, Wencheng Wu, Min Zhou, Jianlin Shi
Journal: Biomaterials (2023)
Application of three-dimensional printing in cardiovascular diseases: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Xin Zhang, Kang Yi, Jian-Guo Xu, Wen-Xin Wang, Cheng-Fei Liu, Xiao-Long He, Fan-Ning Wang, Guo-Lei Zhou, Tao You
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

This paper aimed to explore the application of three-dimensional (3D) printing in cardiovascular diseases, to reach an insight in this field and prospect the future trend.
Intracellular delivery of nuclear localization sequence peptide mitigates COVID-19 by inhibiting nuclear transport of inflammation-associated transcription factors
Authors: Seokwon Lee, Sang-Sun Yoon, Minhee Jo, Mingu Kang, Seungwoo Lee, Young-Jin Seo, Saewhan Park, Young-Ki Paik, Daewoong Jo
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2023)
Correction: Acylglycerol kinase promotes tumour growth and metastasis via activating the PI3K/AKT/GSK3β signalling pathway in renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Qian Zhu, Ai-Lin Zhong, Hao Hu, Jing-Jing Zhao, De-Sheng Weng, Yan Tang, Qiu-Zhong Pan, Zi-Qi Zhou, Meng-Jia Song, Jie-Ying Yang, Jun-Yi He, Yuan Liu, Min Li, Wan-Ming Hu, Chao-Pin Yang, Tong Xiang, Ming-Yuan Chen, Gang Ma, Ling Guo, Jian-Chuan Xia
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2023)
Diagnostic Outcomes of Concurrent DNA and RNA Sequencing in Individuals Undergoing Hereditary Cancer Testing
Authors: Carolyn Horton, Lily Hoang, Heather Zimmermann, Colin Young, Jessica Grzybowski, Kate Durda, Huy Vuong, David Burks, Ashley Cass, Holly LaDuca, Marcy E. Richardson, Steven Harrison, Elizabeth C. Chao, Rachid Karam
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2023)

Personalized surveillance, prophylaxis, and cancer treatment options for individuals with hereditary cancer predisposition are informed by results of germline genetic testing. Improvements to genomic technology, such as the availability of RNA sequencing, may increase identification of individuals eligible for personalized interventions by improving the accuracy and yield of germline testing.
Hypoxia‐Responsive Tetrameric Supramolecular Polypeptide Nanoprodrugs for Combination Therapy
Authors: Yue Ding, Wei Yu, Rongkai Shen, Xiangqin Zheng, Hui Zheng, Yong Yao, Yuehua Zhang, Chang Du, Huan Yi
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Abstract Despite the intense progress of photodynamic and chemotherapy, however, they cannot prevent solid tumor invasion, metastasis, and relapse, along with inferior efficacy and severe side effects. The hypoxia‐responsive nanoprodrugs integrating photodynamic functions are highly sought to address the above‐mentioned problems and overcome the tumor hypoxia‐reduced efficacy. Herein, a hypoxia‐responsive tetrameric supramolecular polypeptide nanoprodrug (SPN‐TAPP‐PCB4) is constructed from the self‐assembly of tetrameric porphyrin‐central poly( l ‐lysine‐azobenzene‐chlorambucil) (TAPP‐(PLL‐Azo‐CB)4) and an anionic water‐soluble [2]biphenyl‐extended‐pillar[6]arene (AWBpP6) via the synergy of hydrophobic, π – π stacking, and host–guest interactions. Upon laser irradiation, the central TAPP can convert oxygen to generate single oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) to kill tumor cells. Furthermore, under the acidic and PDT‐aggravated hypoxia tumor cell microenvironment, SPN‐TAPP‐PCB4 is rapidly disassembled, and then efficiently releases activated CB through the hypoxic‐responsive cleavage of azobenzene linkages. Both in vitro and in vivo biological studies showcase synergistic cancer‐killing actions between photodynamic therapy (PDT) and chemotherapy (CT) with negligible toxicity. Consequently, this supramolecular polypeptide nanoprodrug offers an effective strategy to design a hypoxia‐responsive nanoprodrug for a potential combo PDT‐CT transition.
Evaluation of Reactive Oxygen Species Scavenging of Polydopamine with Different Nanostructures
Authors: Yuyi Zheng, Xiaojie Chen, Qi Zhang, Lin Yang, Qi Chen, Zhong Chen, Yi Wang, Di Wu
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Abstract Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in cellular metabolism and many oxidative stress‐related diseases, while excessive accumulation of ROS will lead to genetic changes in cells and promote the occurrence of inflammatory diseases or cell death. Nature‐inspired polydopamine (PDA) with tailored nanostructures emerges as an ROS scavenger and is considered as an effective approach to inflammation‐related diseases. However, the effects of nanoparticle structure on PDA scavenging efficacy and efficiency remain uncovered. In this work, three typical PDA nanoparticles including solid PDA, mesoporous PDA, and hollow PDA are synthesized, and of which physiochemical properties are characterized. Furthermore, their ROS scavenging performance is investigated by in vitro evaluation of radical removal. Among the three nanoparticles, mesoporous PDA is demonstrated to have the highest scavenging capability, mainly due to its specific surface area. Finally, the study on three in vivo inflammation models is constructed. The results confirm that mesoporous PDA is the most potent scavenger of ROS and more effective in reducing reperfusion injury, improving renal function, and preventing periodontitis progression, respectively. Together with the good biosafety and biocompatibility profiles, PDA nanoparticles, mesoporous PDA in particular, can be a promising avenue of ROS scavenging in fight against the inflammatory diseases.
Photosynthetic and Self‐Draining Biohybrid Dressing for Accelerating Healing of Diabetic Wound
Authors: Xinyu Ren, Zhiming Hou, Bo Pang, Cen Gao, Rongbing Tang
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Wound healing is a well-orchestrated progress associated with angiogenesis, epithelialization, inflammatory status, and infection control, whereas these processes are seriously disturbed in diabetic wounds. In this study, a biohybrid dressing integrating the inherent ability of Bromeliad leaf (photosynthesis and self-draining) with the therapeutic effect of artificial materials (glucose-degrading and ROS-scavenging) is presented. The dressing consists of double-layered structures as follows: 1) Outer layer, a Bromeliad leaf substrate full of alginate hydrogel-immobilized glucose oxidase (GOx@Alg@Bromeliad substrate, abbreviated as BGA), can generate oxygen to guarantee the GOx-catalyzed glucose oxidation by photosynthesis, reducing local hyperglycemia to stabilize hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) for angiogenesis and producing hydrogen peroxide for killing bacteria on the surface of wound tissue. The sophisticated structure of the leaf drains excessive exudate away via transpiration-mimicking, preventing skin maceration and impeding bacterial growth. 2) Inner layer, microneedles containing catalase (CAT-HA MNs, abbreviated as CHM), reduces excessive oxidative stress in the tissue to promote the proliferation of fibroblasts and inhibits proinflammatory polarization of macrophages, improving re-epithelialization of diabetic wounds. Together, the biohybrid dressing (BGA-CHM, abbreviated as BCHM) can enhance angiogenesis, strengthen re-epithelialization, alleviate chronic inflammation, and suppress bacterial infection, providing a promising strategy for diabetic wound therapy.
Arginine‐Enhanced Antimicrobial Activity of Nanozymes against Gram‐Negative Bacteria
Authors: Zihan Zhao, Shu'an Wen, Ningning Song, Lixiang Wang, Yuan Zhou, Xue Deng, Changbu Wu, Guili Zhang, Jun Chen, Guo‐Bao Tian, Minmin Liang, Lan‐Lan Zhong
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Abstract The continuous reduction of clinically available antibiotics has made it imperative to exploit more effective antimicrobial therapies, especially for difficult‐to‐treat Gram‐negative pathogens. Herein, it is shown that the combination of an antimicrobial nanozyme with the clinically compatible basic amino acid L ‐arginine affords a potent treatment for infections with Gram‐negative pathogens. In particular, the antimicrobial activity of the antimicrobial nanozyme is dramatically increased by ≈1000‐fold after L ‐arginine stimulation. Specifically, the combination therapy enhances bacterial outer and inner membrane permeability and promotes intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Moreover, the metabolomic and transcriptomic results reveal that combination treatment leads to the increased ROS‐mediated damage by inhibiting the tricarboxylic acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation, thereby inducing an imbalance of the antioxidant and oxidant systems. Importantly, L ‐arginine dramatically significantly accelerates the healing of infected wounds in mouse models of multidrug‐resistant peritonitis‐sepsis and skin wound infection. Overall, this work demonstrates a novel synergistic antibacterial strategy by combining the antimicrobial nanozymes with L ‐arginine, which substantively facilitates the nanozyme‐mediated killing of pathogens by promoting ROS production.
Modernizing Federal Oversight of Laboratory-Developed Tests — Toward Safety, Validity, and Utility
Authors: Udit Singhal, Caroline Horrow, Aaron S. Kesselheim, Todd M. Morgan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2023)

Advances in precision medicine have fueled an evolution in the availability of laboratory-developed tests. Closer regulatory oversight may be needed, and a proposed FDA rule could be an important step.
Cationic mesoporous silica nanoparticles alleviate osteoarthritis by targeting multiple inflammatory mediators
Authors: Tongfei Shi, Jingtong Zhao, Kongrong Long, Mohan Gao, Fangman Chen, Xuenian Chen, Yue Zhang, Baoding Huang, Dan Shao, Chao Yang, Liang Wang, Ming Zhang, Kam W. Leong, Li Chen, Kan He
Journal: Biomaterials (2023)
Relay learning: a physically secure framework for clinical multi-site deep learning
Authors: Zi-Hao Bo, Yuchen Guo, Jinhao Lyu, Hengrui Liang, Jianxing He, Shijie Deng, Feng Xu, Xin Lou, Qionghai Dai
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2023)

Big data serves as the cornerstone for constructing real-world deep learning systems across various domains. In medicine and healthcare, a single clinical site lacks sufficient data, thus necessitating the involvement of multiple sites. Unfortunately, concerns regarding data security and privacy hinder the sharing and reuse of data across sites. Existing approaches to multi-site clinical learning heavily depend on the security of the network firewall and system implementation. To address this issue, we propose Relay Learning, a secure deep-learning framework that physically isolates clinical data from external intruders while still leveraging the benefits of multi-site big data. We demonstrate the efficacy of Relay Learning in three medical tasks of different diseases and anatomical structures, including structure segmentation of retina fundus, mediastinum tumors diagnosis, and brain midline localization. We evaluate Relay Learning by comparing its performance to alternative solutions through multi-site validation and external validation. Incorporating a total of 41,038 medical images from 21 medical hosts, including 7 external hosts, with non-uniform distributions, we observe significant performance improvements with Relay Learning across all three tasks. Specifically, it achieves an average performance increase of 44.4%, 24.2%, and 36.7% for retinal fundus segmentation, mediastinum tumor diagnosis, and brain midline localization, respectively. Remarkably, Relay Learning even outperforms central learning on external test sets. In the meanwhile, Relay Learning keeps data sovereignty locally without cross-site network connections. We anticipate that Relay Learning will revolutionize clinical multi-site collaboration and reshape the landscape of healthcare in the future.
Broad-spectrum ginsentides are principal bioactives in unraveling the cure-all effects of ginseng
Authors: Shining Loo, Antony Kam, Bamaprasad Dutta, Xiaohong Zhang, Nan Feng, Siu Kwan Sze, Chuan-Fa Liu, Xiaoliang Wang, James P. Tam
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2023)

Stress and illness connection is complex and involves multiple physiological systems. Panax ginsengs, reputed for their broad-spectrum "cure-all" effect, are widely prescribed to treat stress and related illnesses. However, the identity of ginseng's "cure-all" medicinal compounds that relieve stress remains unresolved. Here, we identify ginsentides as the principal bioactives that coordinate multiple systems to restore homeostasis in response to stress. Ginsentides are disulfide-rich, cell-penetrating and proteolytic-stable microproteins. Using affinity-enrichment mass spectrometry target identification together with
Soft and Flexible Bioelectronic Micro‐Systems for Electronically Controlled Drug Delivery
Authors: Massimo Mariello, Ismail Eş, Christopher M. Proctor
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

The concept of targeted and controlled drug delivery, which directs treatment to precise anatomical sites, offers benefits such as fewer side effects, reduced toxicity, optimized dosages, and quicker responses. However, challenges remain to engineer dependable systems and materials that can modulate host tissue interactions and overcome biological barriers. To stay aligned with advancements in healthcare and precision medicine, novel approaches and materials are imperative to improve effectiveness, biocompatibility, and tissue compliance. Electronically controlled drug delivery (ECDD) has recently emerged as a promising approach to calibrated drug delivery with spatial and temporal precision. This article covers recent breakthroughs in soft, flexible, and adaptable bioelectronic micro-systems designed for ECDD. It overviews the most widely reported operational modes, materials engineering strategies, electronic interfaces, and characterization techniques associated with ECDD systems. Further, it delves into the pivotal applications of ECDD in wearable, ingestible, and implantable medical devices. Finally, the discourse extends to future prospects and challenges for ECDD.
Probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics in health and disease
Authors: Jing Ji, Weilin Jin, Shuang‐Jiang Liu, Zuoyi Jiao, Xiangkai Li
Journal: MedComm (2023)

The gut microbiota and its homeostasis play a crucial role in human health. However, for some diseases related to the gut microbiota, current traditional medicines can only relieve symptoms, and it is difficult to solve the root causes or even cause side effects like disturbances in the gut microbiota. Increasing clinical studies and evidences have demonstrated that probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics can prevent and treat various diseases, but currently they can only be used as dietary supplements rather than medicines, which restricts the application of probiotics in the field of medicine. Here, this review analyzes the importance of gut microbiota in human health and the current problems of traditional medicines, and systematically summarizes the effectiveness and mechanisms of probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics in maintaining health and treating diseases based on animal models and clinical trials. And based on current research outcomes and development trends in this field, the challenges and prospects of their clinical application in maintaining health, alleviating and treating diseases are analyzed. It is hoped to promote the application of probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics in disease treatment and open up new frontiers in probiotic research.