tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hemodialysis and transplantation in adults with polycystic renal disease
Authors: J. M. Lazarus
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Thirty-six patients with chronic renal failure due to polycystic kidney disease have been placed in the dialysis-transplant program at the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital since 1960. Hematuria and pyelonephritis occurred more frequently in this group of patients and sometimes required bilateral nephrectomy for control. When compared with other patients receiving dialysis, polycystic patients who did not undergo nephrectomy maintained higher hematocrit values and required fewer transfusions. Polycystic patients had posttransplant courses similar to those of other transplant patients, and extrarenal polycystic disease is not a contraindication to transplantation. These patients are usually good candidates for long-term hemodialysis or renal transplantation or both.
Mind
Authors: Carol Snyder Halberstadt
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Eosinophil-Stimulating Properties of Certain Chemical Substances
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
α-Synuclein impairs macroautophagy: implications for Parkinson's disease
Authors: Ashley R. Winslow, Chien-Wen Chen, Silvia Corrochano, Abraham Acevedo-Arozena, David E. Gordon, Andrew A. Peden, Maike Lichtenberg, Fiona M. Menzies, Brinda Ravikumar, Sara Imarisio, Steve Brown, Cahir J. O'Kane, David C. Rubinsztein
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2010)
Endotelin (ET) antagonism in experimental hepatic fibrosis: Implications for endothelin in the pathogenesis of wound healing . Liver Center Laboratory, University of California, San Francisco
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

In addition to its natural presence at high concentrations in some areas, uranium has several civilian and military applications that could cause contamination of human populations, mainly through chronic ingestion. Reports describe the accumulation of this radionuclide in some organs (including the bone, kidney, and liver) after acute or chronic contamination and show that it produces chemical or radiological toxicity or both. The literature is essentially devoid of information about uranium-related cellular and molecular effects on metabolic functions such as xenobiotic detoxification. The present study thus evaluated rats chronically exposed to depleted uranium in their drinking water (1 mg/(rat day)) for 9 months. Our specific aim was to evaluate the hepatic and extrahepatic mRNA expression of CYP3A1/A2, CYP2B1, and CYP1A1 as well as of the nuclear receptors PXR, CAR, and RXR in these rats.CYP3A1 mRNA expression was significantly higher in the brain (200%), liver (300%), and kidneys (900%) of exposed rats compared with control rats, while CYP3A2 mRNA levels were higher in the lungs (300%) and liver (200%), and CYP2B1 mRNA expression in the kidneys (300%). Expression of CYP1A1 mRNA did not change significantly during this study. PXR mRNA levels increased in the brain (200%), liver (150%), and kidneys (200%). Uranium caused CAR mRNA expression in the lungs to double. Expression of RXR mRNA did not change significantly in the course of this study, nor did the hepatic activity of CYP2C, CYP3A, CYP2A, or CYP2B.Uranium probably affects the expression of drug-metabolizing CYP enzymes through the PXR and CAR nuclear receptors. These results suggest that the stimulating effect of uranium on these enzymes might lead to hepatic or extrahepatic toxicity (or both) during drug treatment and then affect the entire organism.
Antibiotiki, Moscow
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Diseases of the Stomach.
Journal: JAMA (1892)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Progressive decrease in tissue glycogen content in rats with long-term cholestasis
Authors: L Krahenbuhl, C Talos, J Reichen, S Krahenbuhl
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

Liver and skeletal muscle glycogen metabolism were investigated in rats 1 and 4 weeks after bile duct ligation (BDL) and in pair–fed, sham– operated control rats. Livers were subjected to morphometric analysis to express glycogen content and enzyme activities per mL hepatocytes. One week after BDL, the hepatic glycogen content was 28.8 ± 13.8 versus 38.6 ± 16.4 mg/mL hepatocyte in BDL and control rats, respectively. Total activity of glycogen synthase (50.2 ± 7.0 vs. 63.5 ± 9.4 mU/mL hepatocytes) and glycogen phosphorylase (59.4 ± 12.9 vs. 90.8 ± 18.9 U/mL) were significantly reduced in BDL whereas the active fraction of glycogen synthase (27 ± 6 vs. 38 ± 5%) but not of glycogen phosphorylase was reduced. The skeletal muscle glycogen content was not different between BDL and control rats. Four weeks after BDL, hepatic glycogen content was further reduced (20.5 ± 14.2 vs. 52.9 ± 6.4 mg/mL). Total activity of glycogen synthase (38.8 ± 12.1 vs. 60.1 ± 4.6 mU/mL hepatocytes) and glycogen phosphorylase (127 ± 19 vs. 178 ± 33 U/mL hepatocytes) were both reduced in BDL rats as were their corresponding active fractions (30 ± 18 vs. 66 ± 8% and 58 ± 10 vs. 76 ± 10). At this time point, the glycogen content in soleus muscle was decreased by 64% in BDL. The glucagon plasma concentration was increased in BDL rats at both time points. There were positive correlations between the volume fraction and both hepatic glycogen content and total activity of hepatic glycogen synthase. Plasma glucagon and the active fraction of hepatic glycogen synthase were negatively correlated. The current studies show a progressive decrease in the hepatic and skeletal muscle glycogen content in BDL rats. The observed decrease in the activities of glycogen synthase and phosphorylase suggest that reduced glycogen synthesis is the major mechanism leading to the reduction in the hepatic glycogen content in BDL rats.
Tuberculosis, Public Health, and Civil Liberties
Authors: R. Bayer
Journal: Annual Review of Public Health (1995)

The resurgence of tuberculosis confronts policy-makers with difficult legal and ethical questions about the proper use of state power and resources to protect public health. This chapter examines the implications of expanded use of invasive or coercive measures—including directly observed therapy, involuntary detention of noncompliant patients, and forced administration of medications—designed to reduce the risk of tuberculosis transmission and to ensure that those with TB are fully treated. These measures focus attention on the limitations of government power and obligation and on the delicate balance between the demands of civil liberty and the demands of public health.
Teats
Authors: R. Graham
Journal: BMJ (1961)

A Glance into History Because of the present and growing importance of the Food and Drug Administration and the publicity that it received when it celebrated its Golden Jubilee in 1956, a glance into its history will be of interest.This goes back to 1883, when that indomitable reformer, Dr. Harvey W. Wiley, was appointed chief chemist to the Department of Agriculture and embarked on a crusade for pure-food legislation.The need became apparent when the use of harmful preservatives and food adulteration, the rich harvests of the patent- medicine vendors, misleading branding, and the low standards of quality of many " ethical " medicines were revealed.What control existed was in the hands of the State Governments.
Risk of cancer by ATM missense mutations in the general population
Authors: S. L. Dombernowsky, M. Weischer, K. Højgaard Allin, S. E. Bojesen, A. Tybjærg-Hansen, B. G. Nordestgaard
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

11036 Background: Truncating and missense mutations in the ATM gene, causing insufficient DNA damage surveillance, allow damaged cells to proceed into mitosis, eventually resulting in increased cancer susceptibility. We tested the hypotheses that ATM Ser49Cys and ATM Ser707Pro heterozygosity increase the risk of cancer overall, of breast cancer, and of 26 other cancer subtypes in the general population. Methods: We genotyped 10,394 individuals from the Danish general population followed for 36 years, during which 2056 developed cancer. Results: Multifactorially adjusted hazard ratios for ATM Ser49Cys heterozygotes versus non-carriers were 1.2 (95% CI: 0.9–1.5) for cancer overall, 0.8 (0.3–2.0) for breast cancer, 4.8 (2.2–11) for melanoma, 2.3 (1.1–5.0) for prostate cancer, and 3.4 (1.1–11) for cancer of the oral cavity/pharynx. Multifactorially adjusted hazard ratios for ATM Ser707Pro heterozygotes versus non-carriers were 0.8 (0.6–1.2) for cancer overall, 0.6 (0.2–1.6) for breast cancer, 10 (1.1–93) for thyroid/other endocrine tumours, and 2.7 (1.0–7.6) for cancer of corpus uteri. Conclusions: ATM missense mutations do not increase risk of cancer overall or of breast cancer in the general population; however, we observed that ATM missense mutations associate with increased risk of melanoma, prostate cancer, cancer of the oral cavity/pharynx, thyroid/other endocrine tumours, and cancer of corpus uteri. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
On the Road
Authors: Nancy L. Greengold
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

On Being a Doctor17 August 1999On the RoadNancy L. Greengold, MD, MBANancy L. Greengold, MD, MBALos Angeles, CA 90048 (Greengold)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-131-4-199908170-00011 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Beanie Baby toys were selling for $5.95 at the hotel gift shop where I had just checked in. A customer was pawing through the koala bears, giraffes, and monkeys. “Ooh,” she cooed, “You have cocker spaniels; I've been looking everywhere for cocker spaniels!”“Those are $12.95,” said the cashier, ringing up my Diet Coke.“But they're smaller than the kangaroos—are you sure they cost more?” pleaded the Beanie Baby aficionado.“Yep. Those are cocker spaniels. Everybody wants a cocker spaniel.”“Excuse me,” I interjected, “is there an exercise room in the hotel? I just got off the plane from Los ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Los Angeles, CA 90048 (Greengold)Corresponding Author: Nancy L. Greengold, MD, MBA, Zynx Health, Inc., 9100 Wilshire Boulevard, East Tower, Suite 655, Beverly Hills, CA 90212; e-mail, [email protected]com. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 17 August 1999Volume 131, Issue 4Page: 307-308KeywordsChartsFellowshipsHealth careHealth services researchLaboratory testsMedical staffResidencyRunningShinglesSpleen Issue Published: 17 August 1999 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Editorial Board
Authors: Sian Lewis, Patrick Wilken, Katja Brose, Lewis Packwood, Alison Wrigley, Lara Crow, Mat Mccutcheon, Philip Patenall, Neill Sharp, Anders Björklund, Sweden Lund, Sarah Paul Bolam, Barry Dickson, John Disterhoft, Chris Doe, John Flanagan, Craig Garner, Yukiko Goda, Meyer London, Robert Malenka, Mark Stanford, Richard Mattson, Venkatesh Morris, Maiken Murthy, Nancy Rothwell, Mike Shadlen, Marc Tessier-Lavigne, Chris Walsh, David Amaral, Cynthia Schumann, Christine Wu Nordahl, Jia-Yi Li, Nicolaj Christophersen, Vanessa Hall, Denis Soulet, Patrik Brundin, Renzo Guerrini, William Dobyns, A Barkovich, Susan Andersen, Martin Teicher, Uwe-Karsten Hanisch, Thomas Johnson, Jonathan Kipnis, Jonathan Cooper, Joshua Buckholtz, Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg, Kenneth Harris
Journal: Trends in Neurosciences (2008)
Abstract 2092: Metabolic approach to EGFR-targeted therapy in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Yoonseok Kam, Pamela Swain, Natalia Romero, Brian P. Dranka
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Mutation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a major genetic driver of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). While first-line tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have improved patient survival, many patients eventually develop resistance to these drugs. Combination therapies are now being researched to overcome this resistance. Pathways that may synergize with EGFR signaling are of interest since a liability created with one compound may then be exploited by a second. It is well known that glycolysis is controlled by EGFR signaling in cancer cells. However, the interplay of cell metabolism and EGFR inhibitors is not fully understood. Using PC9 cells which have known constitutive EGFR activation, we examined the relative poise of ATP production from mitochondria and glycolysis. In response to any of four different TKIs: afatinib, CO-1686, dacomitinib and erlotinib, a rapid decrease in glycolytic activity was induced. However, the total ATP production rates were not changed significantly as a result of increased mitochondrial ATP production. We next examined the mitochondrial fuel sources which support this increase by selectively blocking individual fuel pathways. In the presence of either a mitochondrial pyruvate carrier or glutaminase inhibitor, total ATP production rate decreased, and cell viability followed. Taken together, these data suggest that a combinational application of EGFR-targeted therapy and mitochondrial-targeted therapy may provide metabolic stress to cancer cells. Further study is required to understand the interplay of the tumor microenvironment and metabolic niches that may be found therein. Citation Format: Yoonseok Kam, Pamela Swain, Natalia Romero, Brian P. Dranka. Metabolic approach to EGFR-targeted therapy in non-small cell lung cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2092.
Improving pain management for cancer pain through the use of tailored pain diaries
Authors: S. E. Grober, D. Patterson, B. Markowitz, D. Blum, M. A. Brown, L. Duensing
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

8270 Background: Cancer pain is often undertreated because of multiple barriers including patients' under-reporting of symptomatology to physicians. Pain diaries can help overcome these hurdles, thus ensuring compliance with their use is an important goal. Research on factors that enhance use of these tools is needed to maximize their utility and tailor their format to the cognitive and emotional resources of patients. Methods: A qualitative pilot study of a pain diary developed by The American Pain Foundation was conducted among malignant (n=12) and non-malignant (n=12) pain patients in a focus group and individual interviews. In addition to assessing usability and format preferences, ability to access adequate pain management was explored. Data was thematically analyzed, and preliminary guidelines to target diaries were developed. Results: There were striking differences in the preferences of cancer pain and non-malignant pain patients attributable to their very different diagnoses and prognoses. Cancer pain patients found the diary's format too complex and cognitively burdensome while non-malignant pain patients were comfortable with the design. In addition to coping with discomfort, cancer patients are frequently overwhelmed with managing treatment choices, and are often emotionally burdened by living with life threatening diagnoses. Changing the diary to a much simpler format was indicated, and this revised tool was seen as valuable and manageable. In contrast, non-malignant pain patients, whose diagnoses were not life-threatening, and who had fewer non-pain related treatment decisions to make, were comfortable with the original diary, and did not have difficulty charting several pain-related variables daily. Conclusions: Materials developed to enhance cancer patients' ability to access care for pain must take into account the multiple stressors and disease management tasks facing them. Ease of use is critical, and physicians' willingness to consult diaries motivates patients to keep good records. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
A study of in-patient oncology satisfaction.
Authors: S. Jubelirer, V. Jividen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

e16629 Background: A Study of In-patient Oncology Satisfaction Methods: Prospective study design. To determine patients’ satisfaction with their care at discharge using the EORTC-IN-PATSAT32 survey tool. Setting was an oncology floor at Charleston Area Medical Center a large university affiliated community hospital. Patients were enrolled if they had been hospitalized for 3 or more days and consented to participate in the study. Results: Thus far 177 surveys have been completed. The average age was 60.7 ± 11.9 years, 51% were completed by males, 97% were Caucasian, and 68% were married. Disease status reported by enrollees was 29.85% local, 26.12% metastasis and 44.03% did not know. Overall 84.4% rated their stay as very good or excellent. Patients ranked physicians and nurses highest for their technical skills 89 ± 17 and 86 ± 19, respectively. This was followed by interpersonal skill (physicians 88 ± 18; nurses 85 ± 20) and the information they provided (physicians 84 ± 21; nurses 78 ± 25). For the hospital services and care organization the patients rated information exchange at 74 ± 25, wait time 76 ± 24, hospital access 69 ± 25 and building and environment at 69 ± 28. Unmarried patients were significantly more satisfied with nurses interpersonal skill (p = 0.02), and hospital access (p = 0.01) than married counterparts. Patients treated by a medical oncologist were more satisfied with the medical follow-up (p = 0.03), the comfort and support given (p = 0.02) and information provided by their physician (p = 0.03) compared to other specialties. Conclusions: The majority of patients were satisfied with their care. For physicians, the lowest scores were for information about medical tests. For nurses, the lowest scores were for promptness in answering the buzzer calls. Patient marital status and physician specialty were significant factors in determining satisfaction.
Viruses and water quality
Authors: J. A. Bell
Journal: JAMA (1972)

There is a growing concern with the problem of possible viral pollution of water supplies in this country. From an epidemiological point of view, only the infectious hepatitis virus has been considered to be transmitted by water. Gross contamination of drinking water by sewage wastes was responsible for a major epidemic of infectious hepatitis in New Delhi (1955-1956), and resulted in 35,000 cases, 73 deaths, and a case rate of 2,000/100,000 in a single month. In the United States, the annual incidence of infectious hepatitis has remained at a level of 50,000 to 60,000 cases per year during most of the 1952 to 1970 period, while the total annual incidence of typhoid fever dropped continuously from approximately 2,000 cases in 1952 to only 346 cases in 1970. There has been one significant waterborne outbreak of infectious hepatitis during each of the last three years, including the Worcester, Mass, episode that