tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Intensive Care, Survival, and Expense of Treating Critically III Cancer Patients
Authors: David V. Schapira
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To determine the survival and factors affecting the survival of patients with solid tumors and hematologic cancers who were admitted to the intensive care unit, the time these patients spent at home (meaningful survival) before they died, and the cost per year of life gained and per year of life gained at home. <h3>Design.</h3> —Survival and cost-effectiveness analysis. <h3>Setting.</h3> —A tertiary-care cancer center at a university medical center. <h3>Patients.</h3> —Every patient admitted to the intensive care unit between July 1, 1988, and June 30,1990, was entered into the study. This group comprised 83 patients with solid tumors and 64 patients with hematologic cancers. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Factors affecting survival, such as age, sex, malignancy, length of stay in the intensive care unit, and necessity for mechanical ventilator assistance, as well as cost per year of life gained and cost per year of life gained at home. <h3>Results.</h3> —The only factor that significantly affected survival was the requirement for mechanically assisted ventilation for patients with hematologic cancers. More than three fourths of the patients in either group spent less than 3 months at home before dying. The cost per year of life gained for patients with solid tumors was $82 845 and for patients with hematologic cancers was $189 339. The cost per year of life gained at home was $95142 for patients with solid tumors and $449 544 for patients with hematologic cancers. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —The majority of patients with solid tumors and hematologic cancers admitted to the intensive care unit die before discharge, or, if they survive the hospital admission, they spend a minimal amount of time at home before dying. This limited survival is achieved at considerable cost. Physicians who treat patients with neoplastic disease should discuss potential outcomes and the possibility of withdrawing life-supportive therapy if appropriate with the patient and family, so that a reasonable strategy can be agreed on before the initiation of therapy. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1993;269:783-786)
A novel online calculator to predict early recurrence and long-term survival of patients with resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma after pancreaticoduodenectomy: A multicenter study
Authors: Xiu-Ping Zhang, Yuan-Xing Gao, Shuai Xu, Guo-Dong Zhao, Ming-Gen Hu, Xiang-Long Tan, Zhi-Ming Zhao, Rong Liu
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2022)
Adrenal surgery for bilateral primary aldosteronism: an international retrospective cohort study
Authors: Tracy Ann Williams, Siyuan Gong, Yuya Tsurutani, Yuta Tezuka, Moe Thuzar, Jacopo Burrello, Vin-Cent Wu, Yuto Yamazaki, Paolo Mulatero, Hironobu Sasano, Michael Stowasser, Tetsuo Nishikawa, Fumitoshi Satoh, Martin Reincke
Journal: The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology (2022)
Stigma
Authors: Sylvia S. Villarreal
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2022)

Ad LibitumSeptember 2022StigmaSylvia S. Villarreal, MEd, MPHSylvia S. Villarreal, MEd, MPHMcGovern Center for Humanities and Ethics Houston, TexasSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M21-3972 Audio Reading - “Stigma” Audio. Michael A. Lacombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads “Stigma” by Sylvia S. Villarreal, MEd, MPH Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail feels likea red welt imprinted on vulnerable fleshthe glare of harsh light trained on intimate corners of our livesa bone deep aching—only relieved by connection to anothersounds likefine crystal being pulverized by a hammerpounding footsteps of predator and prey, muffled criesof pain when outdated, cruel beliefs separate and shame ussmells likethe stench of rotting piles of stereotypesthe mildew of fear compounded by ignorancemixed with a whiff of arrogance toward the unfortunate “other”a cold lump of sorrow that we swallow today ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Sylvia S. Villarreal, MEd, MPHAffiliations: McGovern Center for Humanities and Ethics Houston, TexasCorresponding Author: Sylvia S. Villarreal, MEd, MPH, 6431 Fannin Street, Suite JJL 410, Houston, TX 77030; e-mail, Sylvia.S.[email protected]tmc.edu. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Audio Reading - “Stigma” Audio. Michael A. Lacombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads “Stigma” by Sylvia S. Villarreal, MEd, MPH Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics September 2022Volume 175, Issue 9Page: 1344 ePublished: 20 September 2022 Issue Published: September 2022 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2022 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
The neurology revolution
Authors: Mayowa O Owolabi, Matilde Leonardi, Claudio Bassetti, Joke Jaarsma, Tadeusz Hawrot, Akintomiwa I Makanjuola, Rajinder Kumar Dhamija, Wuwei Feng, Volker Straub, Jennifer Camaradou, David Dodick, Rosita Sunna, Bindu Menon, Claire Wright, Chris Lynch, Anna Dé, Coriene Catsman-Berrevoets, Muthoni Gichu, Cristina Tassorelli, David Oliver, Walter Paulus, K M Ramla, Augustina Charway-Felli, Kevin Rostasy, Valery Feigin, Audrey Craven, Elizabeth Cunningham, Orla Galvin, Ericka Fink, Peer Baneke, Marco T Medina, Juan David Roa
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2022)
Leveraging diverse cell-death patterns to predict the prognosis and drug sensitivity of triple-negative breast cancer patients after surgery
Authors: Yutian Zou, Jindong Xie, Shaoquan Zheng, Wenqing Liu, Yuhui Tang, Wenwen Tian, Xinpei Deng, Linyu Wu, Yue Zhang, Chau-Wei Wong, Duxun Tan, Qing Liu, Xiaoming Xie
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2022)

Postoperative progression and chemotherapy resistance is the major cause of treatment failure in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Currently, there is a lack of an ideal predictive model for the progression and drug sensitivity of postoperative TNBC patients. Diverse programmed cell death (PCD) patterns play an important role in tumor progression, which has the potential to be a prognostic and drug sensitivity indicator for TNBC after surgery.Twelve PCD patterns (apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, cuproptosis, entotic cell death, netotic cell death, parthanatos, lysosome-dependent cell death, autophagy-dependent cell death, alkaliptosis, and oxeiptosis) were analyzed for model construction. Bulk transcriptome, single-cell transcriptome, genomics, and clinical information were collected from TCGA-BRCA, METABRIC, GSE58812, GSE21653, GSE176078, GSE75688, and KM-plotter cohorts to validate the model.The machine learning algorithm established a cell death index (CDI) with a 12-gene signature. Validated in five independent datasets, TNBC patients with high CDI had a worse prognosis after surgery. Two molecular subtypes of TNBC with distinct vital biological processes were identified by an unsupervised clustering model. A nomogram with high predictive performance was constructed by incorporating CDI with clinical features. Furthermore, CDI was associated with immune checkpoint genes and key tumor microenvironment components by integrated analysis of bulk and single-cell transcriptome. TNBC patients with high CDI are resistant to standard adjuvant chemotherapy regimens (docetaxel, oxaliplatin, etc.); however, they might be sensitive to palbociclib (an FDA-approved drug for luminal breast cancer).Generally, we established a novel CDI model by comprehensively analyzing diverse cell death patterns, which can accurately predict clinical prognosis and drug sensitivity of TNBC after surgery. A user-friendly website was created to facilitate the application of this prediction model (https://tnbc.shinyapps.io/CDI_Model/).
2-Year Outcomes of Angiographic Quantitative Flow Ratio-Guided Coronary Interventions
Authors: Lei Song, Bo Xu, Shengxian Tu, Changdong Guan, Zening Jin, Bo Yu, Guosheng Fu, Yujie Zhou, Jian’an Wang, Yundai Chen, Jun Pu, Lianglong Chen, Xinkai Qu, Junqing Yang, Xuebo Liu, Lijun Guo, Chengxing Shen, Yaojun Zhang, Qi Zhang, Hongwei Pan, Rui Zhang, Jian Liu, Yanyan Zhao, Yang Wang, Kefei Dou, Ajay J. Kirtane, Yongjian Wu, William Wijns, Weixian Yang, Martin B. Leon, Shubin Qiao, Gregg W. Stone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in Cardiovascular Disease: An Evidence Map of the Psychometric Properties of Health Status Instruments
Authors: Derek S. Chew, Sera Whitelaw, Muthiah Vaduganathan, Daniel B. Mark, Harriette G.C. Van Spall
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2022)

Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are important measures of treatment effect and can be used to inform the approval of cardiovascular drugs and devices by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).To catalogue the health status patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) validated in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), describe their psychometric properties, and assess adherence with both FDA recommendations and the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) framework.MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Allied and Complementary Medicine Database from inception to August 2022.Studies that developed and/or validated health status PROMs in CVD populations.Two study authors extracted data on CVD type, PROM psychometric properties, and adherence to FDA recommendations. The risk of bias informing the development or validation of PROMs was assessed using the COSMIN framework.Fifty health status PROMs (described in 83 studies) were identified, of which 45 were disease specific and 5 were generic. Eleven (22%) of the 50 PROMs validated in CVDs had minimally important differences (MIDs) established, and 8 (16%) reported on the validation of all psychometric properties recommended by the FDA. By COSMIN standards, only 2 PROMs (4%) had all of their psychometric properties rated as sufficient in quality, and 32 PROMs (64%) had less than 50% of psychometric properties rated as sufficient.The quality of reporting varied across included studies.Of 50 PROMs validated in CVDs, only a small minority reported on the validation of all FDA-recommended psychometric properties, had psychometric properties rated as sufficient by COSMIN, or had MIDs established. Given the use of PROMs to guide FDA approvals of drugs and devices in CVDs, there is a need for better adherence to quality standards in PROM validation.None.
Association of Modified Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Responder Index Attainment With <scp>Long‐Term</scp> Clinical Outcomes: A <scp>Five‐Year</scp> Prospective Study
Authors: Kathryn Connelly, Rangi Kandane‐Rathnayake, Alberta Hoi, Worawit Louthrenoo, Laniyati Hamijoyo, Shue Fen Luo, Yeong‐Jian Jan Wu, Jiacai Cho, Aisha Lateef, CS Lau, Yi‐Hsing Chen, Sandra Navarra, Leonid Zamora, Zhanguo Li, Yuan An, Sargunan Sockalingam, Yanjie Hao, Zhuoli Zhang, Madelynn Chan, Yasuhiro Katsumata, Masayoshi Harigai, Shereen Oon, Sang‐Cheol Bae, Sean O'Neill, Kathryn A. Gibson, BMDB Basnayake, Jun Kikuchi, Tsutomu Takeuchi, Kristine Pek Ling Ng, Nicola Tugnet, Sunil Kumar, Fiona Goldblatt, Annie Law, Michael Tee, Cherica Tee, Yoshiya Tanaka, Naoaki Ohkubo, Jin Yu Tan, Chetan S. Karyekar, Mandana Nikpour, Vera Golder, Eric F. Morand
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2022)

In trials of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the SLE Responder Index (SRI) is the most commonly used primary efficacy end point but has limited validation against long-term outcomes. We aimed to investigate associations of attainment of a modified version of the SRI (mSRI) with key clinical outcomes in SLE patients with up to 5 years of follow-up.We used data from a large multicenter, longitudinal SLE cohort in which patients received standard of care. The first visit with active disease (defined as SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 [SLEDAI-2K] score ≥6) was designated as baseline, and mSRI attainment (defined as a reduction in SLEDAI-2K ≥4 points with no worsening in physician global assessment ≥0.3 points) was determined at annual intervals from baseline up to 5 years. Associations between mSRI attainment and outcomes including disease activity, glucocorticoid dose, flare, damage accrual, Lupus Low Disease Activity State (LLDAS), and remission were studied.We included 2,060 patients, with a median baseline SLEDAI-2K score of 8. An mSRI response was attained by 56% of patients at 1 year, with similar responder rates seen at subsequent annual time points. Compared to nonresponders, mSRI responders had significantly lower disease activity and prednisolone dose and higher proportions of LLDAS and remission attainment at each year, and less damage accrual at years 2 and 3. Furthermore, mSRI responder status at 1 year predicted clinical benefit at subsequent years across most outcomes, including damage accrual (odds ratio [OR] range 0.58-0.69, P < 0.05 for damage accrual ORs at all time points).In SLE patients with active disease receiving standard of care, mSRI attainment predicts favorable outcomes over long-term follow-up, supporting the clinical meaningfulness of SRI attainment as an SLE trial end point.
2022 ERS guidelines for asthma diagnosis in adults
Authors: Stephen J. Fowler
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2022)

All clinical definitions of asthma recognise a characteristic set of symptoms that are periodic and vary in severity. However, symptoms (especially "wheeze") can mean different things to patients, parents and doctors [1, 2], and there is widespread agreement that objective tests must be used. The other key part of the definition is variable airflow obstruction, and so tests that demonstrate exaggerated variability, such as repeated measurements, or pharmacological stimulation of broncho-constriction or dilation, have traditionally formed the core of asthma diagnostics. Many factors restrict widespread adoption of these tests (such as reliability, patient acceptability, and availability), and so alternatives are needed, either through development of cheaper or more user-friendly physiological tests, or detection of commonly associated traits such as atopy or type II inflammation. Many clinicians encounter difficulties in accessing these tests and so still rely on "clinical judgment", despite evidence of misdiagnosis in around a third of cases [3, 4]. New adult asthma guidelines from the ERS: what do they cover and why should you use them? <https://bit.ly/3yu5L0U>
Predicting asthma exacerbations: is there utility in noninvasive assessment of distal airway inflammation using multiple flow<i>F</i><sub>ENO</sub>?
Authors: Sandrah P. Eckel, Erika Garcia, Frank D. Gilliland
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2022)

<b>Alveolar inflammation, as assessed by partitioned exhaled nitric oxide, appears to provide promising insights into small airway disease relevant to asthma exacerbation</b>https://bit.ly/38KqyCk
The rat takes the cheese: a novel model of CFTR-dependent chronic bacterial airway infection
Authors: Alessandra Livraghi-Butrico, Taylor B. Franklin, Matthew C. Wolfgang
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2022)

In cystic fibrosis (CF), the absence of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR)-mediated Cl− secretion, which normally drives airway surface hydration, results in hyperconcentrated and stagnant mucus, which becomes a niche for bacterial infection. Desirable features of a CF model of infection would be a host that exhibits the main pathophysiological feature of human CF lung disease, i.e. airway mucus hyperconcentration and consequent reduced mucus clearance. While currently available large CF animal models appear to recapitulate these aspects of human disease, they also present significant animal husbandry challenges, have limited availability and are cost prohibitive for routine experimentation [1]. Rodent models are usually the preferred preclinical testing platform to understand disease pathology and therapeutic efficacy. So far, modelling of CF-like chronic bacterial infection has been attempted in mice using bacteria embedded in agar beads [2–5], and although this model has proven useful to study mechanism of host and bacterial adaptation, it has not shown robust differences in the establishment of chronic infection between wildtype (WT) and CF mice [6, 7], suggesting that the CF murine models tested failed to fully recapitulate the human phenotype. CF rats, on the other hand, appear to have more relevant features to become the next best candidate to establish a model of CF-like chronic infection, including robust CFTR expression, and possibly reliance on control airway surface hydration, in large and small airways [8], coupled to age-dependent abnormalities in airway mucus secretion and clearance [9, 10]. CF rats are a novel in vivo model to study CF-like chronic bacterial airway infection. <https://bit.ly/3KBhKMr>
Smartphone camera oximetry in an induced hypoxemia study
Authors: Jason S. Hoffman, Varun K. Viswanath, Caiwei Tian, Xinyi Ding, Matthew J. Thompson, Eric C. Larson, Shwetak N. Patel, Edward J. Wang
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2022)

Hypoxemia, a medical condition that occurs when the blood is not carrying enough oxygen to adequately supply the tissues, is a leading indicator for dangerous complications of respiratory diseases like asthma, COPD, and COVID-19. While purpose-built pulse oximeters can provide accurate blood-oxygen saturation (SpO2) readings that allow for diagnosis of hypoxemia, enabling this capability in unmodified smartphone cameras via a software update could give more people access to important information about their health. Towards this goal, we performed the first clinical development validation on a smartphone camera-based SpO2 sensing system using a varied fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) protocol, creating a clinically relevant validation dataset for solely smartphone-based contact PPG methods on a wider range of SpO2 values (70-100%) than prior studies (85-100%). We built a deep learning model using this data to demonstrate an overall MAE = 5.00% SpO2 while identifying positive cases of low SpO2 < 90% with 81% sensitivity and 79% specificity. We also provide the data in open-source format, so that others may build on this work.
Dynamic Prediction of Pulmonary Hypertension in Systemic Sclerosis Using Landmark Analysis
Authors: Svetlana I. Nihtyanova, Benjamin E. Schreiber, Voon H. Ong, Athol U. Wells, John G. Coghlan, Christopher P. Denton
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2022)

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a serious complication of systemic sclerosis (SSc). In this study, we explored the prediction of short-term risk for PH using serial pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and other disease features.
Duration of Anticoagulation Interruption Before Invasive Procedures and Outcomes in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: Insights From the ARISTOTLE Trial
Authors: Sana M. Al-Khatib, Daniel M. Wojdyla, Christopher B. Granger, Lars Wallentin, David A. Garcia, Ziad Hijazi, Claes Held, John H. Alexander, Dragos Vinereanu, Gregory C. Flaker, Elaine M. Hylek, Renato D. Lopes
Journal: Circulation (2022)
De Novo <scp>Gain‐Of‐Function</scp> Variations in <scp><i>LYN</i></scp> Associated With <scp>an Early‐Onset</scp> Systemic Autoinflammatory Disorder
Authors: Camille Louvrier, Elma El Khouri, Martine Grall Lerosey, Pierre Quartier, Anne‐Marie Guerrot, Brigitte Bader Meunier, Julie Chican, Malaïka Mohammad, Eman Assrawi, Aphrodite Daskalopoulou, Angela Arenas Garcia, Bruno Copin, William Piterboth, Florence Dastot Le Moal, Sonia A. Karabina, Serge Amselem, Irina Giurgea
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2022)

To identify the molecular basis of a severe systemic autoinflammatory disorder (SAID) and define its main phenotypic features, and to functionally assess the sequence variations identified in LYN, a gene encoding a nonreceptor tyrosine kinase.We used targeted next-generation sequencing and in vitro functional studies of Lyn phosphorylation state and Lyn-dependent NF-κB activity after expression of recombinant Lyn isoforms carrying different sequence variations.We identified a de novo LYN variation (p.Tyr508His) in a patient presenting since birth with recurrent fever, chronic urticaria, atopic dermatitis, arthralgia, increased inflammatory biomarkers, and elevated plasma cytokine levels. We studied the consequences on Lyn phosphorylation state of the p.Tyr508His variation and of the 2 LYN variations reported so far (p.Tyr508Phe and p.Tyr508*), and found that all 3 variations prevent phosphorylation of residue 508 and lead to autophosphorylation of Tyr397. Additionally, these 3 LYN variations activate the NF-κB pathway. These results show a gain-of-function effect of the variations involving Tyr508 on Lyn activity.This study demonstrates the pathogenicity of the first 3 LYN variations identified in SAID patients and delineates the phenotypic spectrum of a disease entity characterized by severe, early-onset, systemic inflammatory disease affecting neonates with no family history of SAID. All 3 LYN variations affect the same tyrosine residue located in the C-terminus of Lyn, thereby demonstrating the critical role of this residue in the proper regulation of Lyn activity in humans.
Proteomics Landscape Mapping of <scp>Organ‐Resolved</scp> Behçet's Disease Using <scp>In‐Depth</scp> Plasma Proteomics for Identifying Hyaluronic Binding Protein 2 Expression Associated With Vascular Involvement
Authors: Linlin Cheng, Dongxue Wang, Zhimian Wang, Haolong Li, Guibin Wang, Ziyan Wu, Meng Xu, Songxin Yan, Haoting Zhan, Hongye Wang, Xiaomei Zhang, Te Liang, Chundi Wei, Fengchun Zhang, Wenjie Zheng, Xiaobo Yu, Yongzhe Li
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2022)

This study was undertaken to elucidate the pathogenesis and heterogeneity of Behçet's disease (BD) involving different organs using in-depth proteomics to identify the biomarkers for clinical assessment and treatment of patients with BD.We measured the expression levels of proteins in plasma samples from 98 patients with BD and from 31 healthy controls using our in-depth proteomics platform with a data-independent acquisition mass spectrometer and antibody microarray. We performed bioinformatics analyses of the biologic processes and signaling pathways that were changed in the BD group and constructed a proteomics landscape of organ-resolved BD pathogenesis. We then validated the biomarkers of disease severity and the vascular subset in an independent cohort of 108 BD patients and 29 healthy controls using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The BD group had 220 differentially expressed proteins, which discriminated between BD patients (88.6%) and healthy controls (95.5%). The bioinformatics analyses revealed different biologic processes associated with BD pathogeneses, including complement activation, wound healing, angiogenesis, and leukocyte-mediated immunity. Furthermore, the constructed proteomics landscape of organ-resolved BD identified proteomics features of BD associated with different organs and protein targets that could be used for the development of therapeutic treatment. Hyaluronic binding protein 2, tenascin, and serpin A3 were validated as potential biomarkers for the clinical assessment of vascular BD and treatment targets.Our results provide valuable insight into the pathogenesis of organ-resolved BD in terms of proteomics characteristics and potential biomarkers for clinical assessment and potential therapies for vascular BD.