tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Clinical Applications of 3.0t High Resolution Magnetic Resonance Imaging (HRMRI) in the Analysis of Carotid Artery Plaques
Authors: Wayne W. Zhang, Honglin Dong, Jie Hu, Meng Li, Peiu Shi, Qinqin Tian, Shyamal Premaratne, Tongtong Lei, Wayne W. Zhang, Wei Tang, Yi Xu
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

Objective: Use of head and neck coils through a 3.0T high resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HRMRI) scanner to scan and analyze extra cranial carotid artery plaque components for its nature, composition, stability, wall thickness, and lumen stenosis. Methods: Ten patients (3 females and 7 males) with 50-99% stenosis of the carotid artery due to atherosclerotic plaque formation were used in this study. They were selected from a pool of hospitalized patients at a university medical center between May and November of 2017. Gadodiamide was injected to contrast the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan image. This was then imported into the carotid artery plaque imaging analysis software for evaluation. Results: Analytical results of HRMRI analysis of plaque stratification in patients with right carotid artery plaques: area unit of mm2 - levels 4 through 7 showing 0 because the areas had only carotid artery without plaque components. Conclusion: The 3.0T HRMRI scanner can accurately analyze carotid artery plaque composition, morphology, and the percentage of stenosis. This technique maybe used as an atraumatic non-radiation study to assess the severity and stability of carotid artery plaques, and in the prediction of risks for embolic stroke.
Classic “dripping candle wax” pattern in melorheostosis
Authors: Mariana R. Sebastião, Luís Maurício Santos, David Silva, Tomás Fontes, Carolina Furtado, Teresa Sampaio da Nóvoa
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2023)

Disclosure form Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Evolution of chemistry and selection technology for DNA-encoded library
Authors: Peixiang Ma, Shuning Zhang, Qianping Huang, Yuang Gu, Zhi Zhou, Wei Hou, Wei Yi, Hongtao Xu
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2023)

DNA-encoded chemical library (DEL) links the power of amplifiable genetics and the non-self-replicating chemical phenotypes, generating a diverse chemical world. In analogy with the biological world, the DEL world can evolve by using a chemical central dogma, wherein DNA replicates using the PCR reactions to amplify the genetic codes, DNA sequencing transcripts the genetic information, and DNA-compatible synthesis translates into chemical phenotypes. Importantly, DNA-compatible synthesis is the key to expanding the DEL chemical space. Besides, the evolution-driven selection system pushes the chemicals to evolve under the selective pressure, i.e., desired selection strategies. In this perspective, we summarized recent advances in expanding DEL synthetic toolbox and panning strategies, which will shed light on the drug discovery harnessing in vitro evolution of chemicals via DEL.
High-throughput electron tomography identifies centriole over-elongation as an early event in plasma cell disorders
Authors: Sebastian Köhrer, Tobias Dittrich, Martin Schorb, Niels Weinhold, Isabella Haberbosch, Mandy Börmel, Gabor Pajor, Hartmut Goldschmidt, Carsten Müller-Tidow, Marc S. Raab, Lukas John, Anja Seckinger, Alexander Brobeil, Peter Dreger, Tamás Tornóczky, László Pajor, Ute Hegenbart, Stefan O. Schönland, Yannick Schwab, Alwin Krämer
Journal: Leukemia (2023)

Abstract Plasma cell disorders are clonal outgrowths of pre-malignant or malignant plasma cells, characterized by extensive chromosomal aberrations. Centrosome abnormalities are a major driver of chromosomal instability in cancer but their origin, incidence, and composition in primary tumor cells is poorly understood. Using cutting-edge, semi-automated high-throughput electron tomography, we characterized at nanoscale 1386 centrioles in CD138 pos plasma cells from eight healthy donors and 21 patients with plasma cell disorders, and 722 centrioles from different control populations. In plasma cells from healthy individuals, over-elongated centrioles accumulated with age. In plasma cell disorders, centriole over-elongation was notably frequent in early, pre-malignant disease stages, became less pronounced in overt multiple myeloma, and almost entirely disappeared in aggressive plasma cell leukemia. Centrioles in other types of patient-derived B cell neoplasms showed no over-elongation. In contrast to current belief, centriole length appears to be highly variable in long-lived, healthy plasma cells, and over-elongation and structural aberrations are common in this cell type. Our data suggest that structural centrosome aberrations accumulate with age in healthy CD138 pos plasma cells and may thus play an important role in early aneuploidization as an oncogenic driver in plasma cell disorders.
Nitric oxide synergizes minoxidil delivered by transdermal hyaluronic acid liposomes for multimodal androgenetic-alopecia therapy
Authors: Hui Xing, Huanqi Peng, Yuhui Yang, Kai Lv, Shihao Zhou, Xiangjun Pan, Jianjin Wang, Yunfeng Hu, Guowei Li, Dong Ma
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2023)

Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a common clinical condition, affecting over 200 million people globally each year. For decades, Minoxidil (Mi) tincture has been the primary treatment for this disease, but its low utilization rate and significant side effects necessitate new therapeutic strategies. Nitric oxide (NO) is a signaling molecule in various physiological processes, including vasodilation, immune responses, and cell proliferation. Herein, we constructed a hyaluronic acid liposome (HL) complex as a novel transdermal delivery system (HL@Mi/NONOate) for NO and Mi, which displayed promising transdermal and hair-regrowth effects. In-depth mechanistic studies revealed three potential pathways of the synergistic AGA therapy. First, NO promoted capillary dilation and accelerated blood flow, thus achieving efficient penetration of Mi. Due to the structural advantage of liposomes, the residence time of the Mi in the skin was prolonged. Moreover, HL@Mi/NONOate promoted cell proliferation and angiogenesis, and upregulated the expression of regulatory factors involved in follicle stem cell differentiation. In the AGA model, HL@Mi/NONOate down-regulated the expression of inflammatory factors, inhibiting the inflammation of follicle and improving the microenvironment of hair regrowth. Concurrently, HL@Mi/NONOate upregulated the expression of Ki67 and PCNA proteins in follicle tissues, inducing follicle regeneration and development, ultimately achieving the synergistic multimodal AGA therapy.
High temperature oxidation treated 3D printed anatomical WE43 alloy scaffolds for repairing periarticular bone defects: In vitro and in vivo studies
Authors: Bingchuan Liu, Jinge Liu, Chaoxin Wang, Zhengguang Wang, Shuyuan Min, Caimei Wang, Yufeng Zheng, Peng Wen, Yun Tian
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2023)

Reconstruction of subarticular bone defects is an intractable challenge in orthopedics. The simultaneous repair of cancellous defects, fractures, and cartilage damage is an ideal surgical outcome. 3D printed porous anatomical WE43 (magnesium with 4 wt% yttrium and 3 wt% rare earths) scaffolds have many advantages for repairing such bone defects, including good biocompatibility, appropriate mechanical strength, customizable shape and structure, and biodegradability. In a previous investigation, we successfully enhanced the corrosion resistance of WE43 samples via high temperature oxidation (HTO). In the present study, we explored the feasibility and effectiveness of HTO-treated 3D printed porous anatomical WE43 scaffolds for repairing the cancellous bone defects accompanied by split fractures via in vitro and in vivo experiments. After HTO treatment, a dense oxidation layer mainly composed of Y2O3 and Nd2O3 formed on the surface of scaffolds. In addition, the majority of the grains were equiaxed, with an average grain size of 7.4 μm. Cell and rabbit experiments confirmed the non-cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of the HTO-treated WE43 scaffolds. After the implantation of scaffolds inside bone defects, their porous structures could be maintained for more than 12 weeks without penetration and for more than 6 weeks with penetration. During the postoperative follow-up period for up to 48 weeks, radiographic examinations and histological analysis revealed that abundant bone gradually regenerated along with scaffold degradation, and stable osseointegration formed between new bone and scaffold residues. MRI images further demonstrated no evidence of any obvious damage to the cartilage, ligaments, or menisci, confirming the absence of traumatic osteoarthritis. Moreover, finite element analysis and biomechanical tests further verified that the scaffolds was conducive to a uniform mechanical distribution. In conclusion, applying the HTO-treated 3D printed porous anatomical WE43 scaffolds exhibited favorable repairing effects for subarticular cancellous bone defects, possessing great potential for clinical application.
Therapeutic vaccination with lentiviral vector in HBV-persistent mice and two inactive HBsAg carriers
Authors: Yumeng Zhang, Maryline Bourgine, Yanmin Wan, Jieyu Song, Zongying Li, Yiqi Yu, Wangfang Jiang, Mingzhe Zhou, Cuiyuan Guo, Didier Santucci, Xiao Liang, Christian Brechot, Wenhong Zhang, Pierre Charneau, Hong Wu, Chao Qiu
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2023)
A multiserological line assay to potentially discriminate current from past Helicobacter pylori infection
Authors: Zhe-Xuan Li, Kathrin Bronny, Luca Formichella, Raquel Mejías-Luque, Teresa Burrell, Lukas Macke, Ulrich Lang, Riccardo Vasapolli, Olsi Hysenaj, Ingrid Stallforth, Michael Vieth, Wei-Cheng You, Yang Zhang, Sebastian Suerbaum, Christian Schulz, Kai-Feng Pan, Markus Gerhard
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2023)
Machine learning analysis of pretreatment skin biopsies predicts nonresponse to dupilumab in patients with eczematous dermatitis
Authors: Michael J Murphy, Erica Hwang, Katelyn Singh, Trinity Lee, Jeffrey M Cohen, William Damsky
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2023)

While dupilumab has revolutionized the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD), a subset of patients may fail to respond or worsen after dupilumab initiation. Using a retrospective cohort of 53 dupilumab responders and 17 nonresponders, we developed a logistic regression classifier to predict nonresponse using 7 cytokine staining and histological features derived from pretreatment biopsies. Our model demonstrated an accuracy of 95.7%, a sensitivity of 88.2%, a specificity of 98.1% and a PPV of 93.8% for predicting nonresponse using leave-one-out cross-validation, underscoring treatment-relevant immunological heterogeneity in eczema and demonstrating the potential of using machine learning and tissue biomarkers to predict dupilumab nonresponse.
Normative Modeling of Brain Morphometry in Clinical High Risk for Psychosis
Authors: Paul Allen, Helen Baldwin, Cali F Bartholomeusz, Michael WL Chee, Xiaogang Chen, Rebecca E Cooper, Lieuwe de Haan, Holly K Hamilton, Ying He, Wenche ten Velden Hegelstad, Leslie E Horton, Daniela Hubl, Mallory J Klaunig, Alex Koppel, Yoo Bin Kwak, Pablo León-Ortiz, Rachel L Loewy, Patrick McGorry, Lijun Ouyang, Paul E Rasser, Franz Resch, Jason Schiffman, Mikkel E Sørensen, Jinsong Tang, Dennis Velakoulis, Sophia Vinogradov, Hidenori Yamasue, Liu Yuan, Alison R Yung, Shalaila S. Haas, Ruiyang Ge, Ingrid Agartz, G. Paul Amminger, Ole A. Andreassen, Peter Bachman, Inmaculada Baeza, Sunah Choi, Tiziano Colibazzi, Vanessa L. Cropley, Camilo de la Fuente-Sandoval, Bjørn H. Ebdrup, Adriana Fortea, Paolo Fusar-Poli, Birte Yding Glenthøj, Louise Birkedal Glenthøj, Kristen M. Haut, Rebecca A. Hayes, Karsten Heekeren, Christine I. Hooker, Wu Jeong Hwang, Neda Jahanshad, Michael Kaess, Kiyoto Kasai, Naoyuki Katagiri, Minah Kim, Jochen Kindler, Shinsuke Koike, Tina D. Kristensen, Jun Soo Kwon, Stephen M. Lawrie, Irina Lebedeva, Jimmy Lee, Imke L. J. Lemmers-Jansen, Ashleigh Lin, Xiaoqian Ma, Daniel H. Mathalon, Philip McGuire, Chantal Michel, Romina Mizrahi, Masafumi Mizuno, Paul Møller, Ricardo Mora-Durán, Barnaby Nelson, Takahiro Nemoto, Merete Nordentoft, Dorte Nordholm, Maria A. Omelchenko, Christos Pantelis, Jose C. Pariente, Jayachandra M. Raghava, Francisco Reyes-Madrigal, Jan I. Røssberg, Wulf Rössler, Dean F. Salisbury, Daiki Sasabayashi, Ulrich Schall, Lukasz Smigielski, Gisela Sugranyes, Michio Suzuki, Tsutomu Takahashi, Christian K. Tamnes, Anastasia Theodoridou, Sophia I. Thomopoulos, Paul M. Thompson, Alexander S. Tomyshev, Peter J. Uhlhaas, Tor G. Værnes, Therese A. M. J. van Amelsvoort, Theo G. M. van Erp, James A. Waltz, Christina Wenneberg, Lars T. Westlye, Stephen J. Wood, Juan H. Zhou, Dennis Hernaus, Maria Jalbrzikowski, René S. Kahn, Cheryl M. Corcoran, Sophia Frangou
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2023)

The lack of robust neuroanatomical markers of psychosis risk has been traditionally attributed to heterogeneity. A complementary hypothesis is that variation in neuroanatomical measures in individuals at psychosis risk may be nested within the range observed in healthy individuals.
Prognostic Risk Factors in Randomized Clinical Trials of Face-to-Face and Internet-Based Psychotherapy for Depression
Authors: Mariia Merzhvynska, Markus Wolf, Tobias Krieger, Thomas Berger, Thomas Munder, Birgit Watzke
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2023)

Variables such as severe symptoms, comorbidity, and sociodemographic characteristics (eg, low educational attainment or unemployment) are associated with a poorer prognosis in adults treated for depressive symptoms. The exclusion of patients with a poor prognosis from RCTs is negatively associated with the generalizability of research findings.
Destructive Facial Plaque and Palatal Perforation in a Middle-Aged Woman
Authors: Akash P. Mustari, Debajyoti Chatterjee, Keshavamurthy Vinay
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2023)

A woman in her 30s had asymptomatic erythematous scaly plaques over the face and proximal extremities. The lesions started as a erythematous papule on the face, which had progressed to larger plaques within 10 years. What is your diagnosis?
Factors Important to Older Adults Who Disagree With a Deprescribing Recommendation
Authors: Kristie Rebecca Weir, Jenny Shang, Jae Choi, Ruchi Rana, Sarah E. Vordenberg
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Little is known about why older adults decline deprescribing recommendations, primarily because interventional studies rarely capture the reasons.To examine factors important to older adults who disagree with a deprescribing recommendation given by a primary care physician to a hypothetical patient experiencing polypharmacy.This online, vignette-based survey study was conducted from December 1, 2020, to March 31, 2021, with participants 65 years or older in the United Kingdom, the US, Australia, and the Netherlands. The primary outcome of the main study was disagreement with a deprescribing recommendation. A content analysis was subsequently conducted of the free-text reasons provided by participants who strongly disagreed or disagreed with deprescribing. Data were analyzed from August 22, 2022, to February 12, 2023.Attitudes, beliefs, fears, and recommended actions of older adults in response to deprescribing recommendations.Of the 899 participants included in the analysis, the mean (SD) age was 71.5 (4.9) years; 456 participants (50.7%) were men. Attitudes, beliefs, and fears reported by participants included doubts about deprescribing (361 [40.2%]), valuing medications (139 [15.5%]), and a preference to avoid change (132 [14.7%]). Valuing medications was reported more commonly among participants who strongly disagreed compared with those who disagreed with deprescribing (48 of 205 [23.4%] vs 91 of 694 [13.1%], respectively; P < .001) or had personal experience with the same medication class as the vignette compared with no experience (93 of 517 [18.0%] vs 46 of 318 [12.1%], respectively; P = .02). Participants shared that improved communication (225 [25.0%]), alternative strategies (138 [15.4%]), and consideration of medication preferences (137 [15.2%]) may increase their agreement with deprescribing. Participants who disagreed compared with those who strongly disagreed were more interested in additional communication (196 [28.2%] vs 29 [14.2%], respectively; P < .001), alternative strategies (117 [16.9%] vs 21 [10.2%], respectively; P = .02), or consideration of medication preferences (122 [17.6%] vs 15 [7.3%], respectively; P < .001).In this survey study, older adults who disagreed with a deprescribing recommendation were more interested in additional communication, alternative strategies, or consideration of medication preferences compared with those who strongly disagreed. These findings suggest that identifying the degree of disagreement with deprescribing could be used to tailor patient-centered communication about deprescribing in older adults.
Survival Outcomes by Race and Ethnicity in Veterans With Nonmetastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Kelli M. Rasmussen, Vikas Patil, Chunyang Li, Christina Yong, Sreevalsa Appukkuttan, Jamie Partridge Grossman, Jay Jhaveri, Ahmad S. Halwani
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Importance Racial and ethnic disparities in prostate cancer are poorly understood. A given disparity-related factor may affect outcomes differently at each point along the highly variable trajectory of the disease. Objective To examine clinical outcomes by race and ethnicity in patients with nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC) within the US Veterans Health Administration. Design, Setting, and Participants A retrospective, observational cohort study using electronic health care records (January 1, 2006, to December 31, 2021) in a nationwide equal-access health care system was conducted. Mean (SD) follow-up time was 4.3 (3.3) years. Patients included in the analysis were diagnosed with prostate cancer from January 1, 2006, to December 30, 2020, that progressed to nmCRPC defined by (1) increasing prostate-specific antigen levels, (2) ongoing androgen deprivation, and (3) no evidence of metastatic disease. Patients with metastatic disease or death within the landmark period (3 months after the first nmCRPC evidence) were excluded. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was time from the landmark period to death or metastasis; the secondary outcome was overall survival. A multivariate Cox proportional hazards model, Kaplan-Meier estimates, and adjusted survival curves were used to evaluate outcome differences by race and ethnicity. Results Of 12 992 patients in the cohort, 826 patients identified as Hispanic (6%), 3671 as non-Hispanic Black (28%; henceforth Black), 7323 as non-Hispanic White (56%; henceforth White), and 1172 of other race and ethnicity (9%; henceforth other, including American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, unknown by patient, and patient declined to answer). Median time elapsed from nmCRPC to metastasis or death was 5.96 (95% CI, 5.58-6.34) years for Black patients, 5.62 (95% CI, 5.11-6.67) years for Hispanic patients, 4.11 (95% CI, 3.96–4.25) years for White patients, and 3.59 (95% CI, 3.23-3.97) years for other patients. Median unadjusted overall survival was 6.26 (95% CI, 6.03-6.46) years among all patients, 8.36 (95% CI, 8.0-8.8) years for Black patients, 8.56 (95% CI, 7.3-9.7) years for Hispanic patients, 5.48 (95% CI, 5.2-5.7) years for White patients, and 4.48 (95% CI, 4.1-5.0) years for other patients. Conclusions and Relevance The findings of this cohort study of patients with nmCRPC suggest that differences in outcomes by race and ethnicity exist; in addition, Black and Hispanic men may have considerably improved outcomes when treated in an equal-access setting.
Meet the authors: Dr. Yeda Wu and Dr. Naomi Wray
Authors: Yeda Wu, Naomi Wray
Journal: Cell Genomics (2023)

In this meet-the-author Q&A, Cell Press Multi-Journal Submission Scientific Editor Leslie Nitsche speaks to Yeda Wu and Naomi Wray (Wray lab) about their recent Cell Genomics paper and their experiences publishing via Cell Press Multi-Journal Submission.
Genetic and pharmaceutical targeting of HIF1α allows combo-immunotherapy to boost graft vs. leukemia without exacerbation graft vs. host disease
Authors: Christopher Bailey, Yuanyi Wei, Jinsong Yan, Dan Huang, Peng Zhang, Chong Qi, Christopher Lazarski, JuanJuan Su, Fei Tang, Chun-shu Wong, Pan Zheng, Yan Liu, Yang Liu, Yin Wang
Journal: Cell Reports Medicine (2023)

<h2>Summary</h2> Despite potential impact on the graft vs. leukemia (GVL) effect, immunotherapy targeting CTLA-4 and/or PD-1 has not been successfully combined with bone marrow transplant (BMT) because it exacerbates graft vs. host disease (GVHD). Here, using models of GVHD and leukemia, we demonstrate that targeting hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) via pharmacological or genetic approaches reduces GVHD by inducing PDL1 expression on host tissue while selectively inhibiting PDL1 in leukemia cells to enhance the GVL effect. More importantly, combination of HIF1α inhibition with anti-CTLA-4 antibodies allows simultaneous inhibition of both PDL1 and CTLA-4 checkpoints to achieve better outcomes in models of mouse and human BMT-leukemia settings. These findings provide an approach to enhance the curative effect of BMT for leukemia and broaden the impact of cancer immunotherapy.
Use of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide by Major Depression Status
Authors: Claire A. Walsh, Lauren Gorfinkel, Dvora Shmulewitz, Malki Stohl, Deborah S. Hasin
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2023)

Renewed interest in the clinical potential of hallucinogens may lead people with depression to a generally more positive view of the use of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). Therefore, past-year LSD use among people with depression may be increasing in prevalence.
Use of 3-Dimensional Stereophotogrammetry to Detect Disease Progression in Craniofacial Morphea
Authors: Katharina S. Shaw, Tyler T. Nguyen, Ahmad Rajeh, Stephanie M. Cohen, Yevgeniy R. Semenov, Diana B. Reusch, Fatma Dedeoglu, Ruth Ann Vleugels, Ingrid M. Ganske
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2023)

Objectively determining disease progression in craniofacial morphea (CM) is challenging, as clinical findings of disease activity are often lacking.
Publisher Correction: Dynamic chromatin accessibility licenses STAT5- and STAT6-dependent innate-like function of TH9 cells to promote allergic inflammation
Authors: Aran Son, Francoise Meylan, Julio Gomez-Rodriguez, Zenia Kaul, McKella Sylvester, Guido H. Falduto, Estefania Vazquez, Tamara Haque, Moses M. Kitakule, Chujun Wang, Kalpana Manthiram, Chen-Feng Qi, Jun Cheng, Rama K. Gurram, Jinfang Zhu, Pamela Schwartzberg, Joshua D. Milner, Pamela A. Frischmeyer-Guerrerio, Daniella M. Schwartz
Journal: Nature Immunology (2023)
New approach to testing treatments for osteoarthritis: FastOA
Authors: David Felson, Martin K Lotz, Yuxuan Jin, Morgan Jones, Jason S Kim, Kurt Spindler
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2023)

Animal models of post traumatic osteoarthritis have shown many promising treatments for disease, but human trials have mostly failed to identify effective treatments. This viewpoint suggests that the frequent failure of drug and treatment development in osteoarthritis is due, in part, to the advanced stage of disease of patients in trials and suggests that mirroring the animal model approach might be more successful. It suggests a path forward by enriching trial enrollees with those likely to develop post traumatic OA quickly.
Sex Differences in Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction in the GALACTIC-HF Trial
Authors: Maria Pabon, Jon Cunningham, Brian Claggett, G. Michael Felker, John J.V. McMurray, Marco Metra, Rafael Diaz, Xiaowen Wang, Alexandra Arias-Mendoza, Diana Bonderman, Maria Crespo-Leiro, Cândida Fonseca, Eva Goncalvesova, Mayanna Lund, Eileen O’Meara, Karen Sliwa-Hahnle, Fady I. Malik, Scott D. Solomon, John R. Teerlink
Journal: JACC Heart Failure (2023)