tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Measles immunization of 2-year-olds in a rural southern state
Authors: S. Feldman
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To assess the measles vaccine coverage of 2-year-old children living in Mississippi during the national measles epidemic of 1989 and 1990. <h3>Design.</h3> —Survey of 2-year-olds randomly selected from the 1987 birth cohort. The status of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccination was determined by medical record reviews and family contacts. <h3>Setting.</h3> —A predominantly rural state in the southeastern United States with a large black minority population (35%) and a low per capita income ($9827 to $12899). Approximately 80% of MMR immunizations are given by public health service nurses working in nine health districts. <h3>Subjects.</h3> —A total of 2450 preschool-aged children representing 6% of the 1987 birth cohort (n=41 279). Three hundred forty-one children were considered ineligible, leaving 2109 in the final sample. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Confirmed vaccination by the age of 2 years. Rates of immunization were calculated for the entire state, its health districts, and subgroups based on population density, per capita income, type of clinic visited, and race. <h3>Results.</h3> —The statewide immunization rate was 87% (95% confidence interval, 86% to 88%). Among the nine health districts, rates varied from 79% to 97% (median, 88%). They were similar for white and black children in each health district and within the state as a whole. The level of vaccine coverage was significantly higher in districts with lower population densities (89% vs 85%,<i>P</i>=.02) and in those with higher per capita incomes (89% vs 86%,<i>P</i>=.03). There were four minor outbreaks of measles during 1989 and 1990; half of the cases occurred in unimmunized children too young to receive the MMR vaccine. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —A high rate of measles immunization is attainable among 2-year-olds living in a rural state with a large black minority population and limited economic resources. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1994;271:1417-1420)
Clarifying Terminology Use
Authors: Regis Goulart, Maicon Falavigna, Cassiano Teixeira
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Second, flexible visiting hours were safe in terms of occurrence of infections, perception of disorganization of care, conflicts, and staff burnout, which are major concerns when adopting this intervention.Third, family members-a commonly missed piece of the critical care puzzle-benefited from flexible visitation.Important outcomes such as satisfaction with care, anxiety and depression symptoms, and involvement in patient care improved with flexible visitation.We also agree that more complex issues of critical care, such as workload and moral distress, may have a greater influence on the occurrence of burnout than the visiting policy.However, we believe that the implementation of flexible visiting hours should be accompanied by clinician-centered strategies, such as workload reduction and communication skills training, and both clinician and family education.
The diagnostic value of sputum culture in acute pneumonia
Authors: S. B. Thorsteinsson
Journal: JAMA (1975)

In a prospective study of patients with acute pneumonia, the results of bacteriologic analysis of sputum, transtracheal aspirate (TA), and bronchial aspirate (BA) were compared.<i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>was grown from all three sources as the predominant organism in 13 of 16 cases; the remaining three patients had nonbacterial lung disease. These data support the traditional concept that culture of the sputum is highly reliable in providing a correct diagnosis in acute pneumonia. (<i>JAMA</i>233:894-895, 1975)
Ocular Abnormalities in Patients Treated with Synthetic Antimalarials
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cervical Osteoarthritis
Authors: Carter R. Rowe
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

TherapyTherapy at times proves to be as unpredictable as the clinical picture. The therapeutic measures that may help one patient may, on the other hand, make another worse. The physician or surgeon should carefully evaluate the patient's responses to therapy, particularly the patient with advanced osteoarthritis of the cervical spine. When reasonable therapy aggravates the patient's pain it should be changed to another combination of treatment. One should also keep in mind the possibility of a mistaken diagnosis when symptoms are made worse. Further careful evaluation is then indicated.Early TreatmentThe principles of treatment at this stage are . . .
THE STORAGE OF VITAMINS IN THE BODY
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Tennis Toe
Authors: Richard C. Gibbs
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Tennis toe is an abnormality of the toenails, usually of older players, which is caused by collision between toenail and sneaker.<sup>1</sup>It is actually subungual hemorrhage beneath the hallucal nail, less frequently beneath the second toenail, and rarely beneath other toenails. It usually affects the toe which extends the furthest distally on the foot, this ordinarily being the first, but in the Figure the second. The condition is seen usually in players over 35. The simplest explanation is that the tennis player often stops short after a brief spurt. Synchronously, the foot shoots forward and the toes jam into the tip of the sneaker. The crushing force squeezes the subungual space and ruptures blood vessels causing hemorrhage. The newer European sneakers as well as some American sneakers with better traction and more shallow box toes are more likely to cause the problem. Contributing factors are hard
Committee on Conference of Sections.
Journal: JAMA (1892)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
JAMA Dermatology
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2017)

JAMA Dermatology publishes information concerning the skin, its diseases, and their treatment.Its mission is to explicate the structure and function of the skin and its diseases and the art of using this information to deliver optimal medical and surgical care to the patient.We attempt to enhance the understanding of cutaneous pathophysiology and improve the clinician's ability to diagnose and treat skin disorders.This journal has a particular interest in publishing clinical and laboratory studies that reveal new information pertinent to the interests and needs of the medical dermatologist, dermatologic surgeon, and all those concerned with state-of-the-art care of cutaneous disease.We believe that knowledge derived from well-designed clinical trials and studies of cost-eff ectiveness are especially important for improving the practice of dermatology.Studies that increase the understanding of the outcome of treatment or the means by which the burden of dermatologic disease can be measured and reduced to promote the health of patients with skin disease will receive special priority.The journal regularly publishes reports on clinical investigations, editorials, and reviews.It also features reports and discussions on clinicopathologic correlations; clinical disorders of unique didactic value; pharmacologic, medical and surgical therapeutics; and ethical, moral, socioeconomic, and political issues.
Corrigenda
Authors: William Evans, Strickland Goodall
Journal: BMJ (1942)

read a paper on " Some Experiences with the Rapid Massive Arsenotherapy in the Treatment of Syphilis."The annual general meeting will be held on July 25 at 2 p.m., and Mr. Aleck Bourne will give an address on " Non-gonococcal Vaginal Discharges."At a public inquiry held in Glasgow before Sheriff-Substitute Wellwood Johnston a formal verdict was returned on eleven men and three women belonging to Glasgow, Clydebank, and Renton, that they all died from irritant poisoning by methyl alcohol.A police sergeant said that three drums of methyl alcohol, each con- taining 54 gallons, were lying for some time at Rothesay Dock.When these were removed from the quayside a number of holes were found in one drum, which was only half full * another was two-thirds full, and the last was intact.The spirit, of American origin, was used in the manufacture of paint, varnish, and rubber
Analysis of Data in Square Contingency Tables with Ordered Categories Using the Conditional Symmetry Model and Its Decomposed Models
Authors: Sadao Tomizawa
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1985)

For the analysis of square contingency tables with ordered categories, three kinds of decompositions for the conditional symmetry model derived by Tomizawa are simply described. Using the conditional symmetry model and its decomposed models, this paper analyzes the data of unaided distance vision of women in Britain first analyzed by Stuart, the data of unaided distance vision of students in a university in Japan, and the data of unaided distance vision of pupils at elementary schools at a city in Tokyo.
Abstract 14789: 2013 ACC/AHA Cholesterol Guideline Undertreats HIV-infected Adults With Carotid Atherosclerosis by Ultrasound
Authors: Binh An P Phan, Bernard Weigel, Yifei Ma, Rebecca Scherzer, Danny Li, Sophia Hur, S.C. Kalapus, Steven Deeks, Priscilla Hsue
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: While HIV infection is associated with increased risk of ASCVD (atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease), it is unknown whether guidelines can identify HIV-infected adults who may benefit from statins. The purpose of our study was to compare the 2013 ACC/AHA and 2004 ATP III recommendations in a HIV population, and to evaluate associations with carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT) and plaque. Methods: We used ultrasound to measure CIMT at baseline and 3 years later in 352 HIV-infected adults with no ASCVD and not on statins. Plaque was defined as IMT &gt; 1.5 mm. We compared 2013 ACC/AHA and 2004 ATP III recommendations, and evaluated associations with CIMT and plaque. Results: At baseline, the median age was 43 (IQR 39-49), 85% were male, 74% were on antiretroviral medication, and 50% had plaque. At follow-up, the median IMT progression was 0.052 mm/yr, and 66% had plaque. The 2013 guideline was more likely to recommend statins compared with the 2004 guideline, both overall (26% vs. 14%, p&lt;.001), in those with plaque (32% vs. 17%, p=.0002), and in those without plaque (16% vs. 7%, p=.025). In unadjusted linear regression, the 2004 and 2013 risk score were strongly associated with CIMT (0.01 mm per 10% increase in risk, p&lt;.001) and with CIMT progression (0.01 mm/yr per 10% increase in risk, p&lt;.001). In multivariate analysis, older age, higher LDL-C, pack-years of smoking, and history of opportunistic infection were associated with baseline plaque. Conclusions: While the 2013 ACC/AHA guideline recommended statins to a greater number of HIV-infected adults compared to the 2004 ATP III guideline, both failed to recommend therapy in the majority of HIV-affected adults with carotid plaque. Both the 2004 and 2013 guidelines predicted higher levels of baseline CIMT and faster progression. HIV-specific guidelines that include detection of subclinical atherosclerosis may help to identify HIV-infected adults who are at increased ASCVD risk and may benefit from statins.
One hundred alcoholic women in medicine. An interview study
Authors: L. Bissell
Journal: JAMA (1987)

To examine the patterns of diagnosis, referral, and help-seeking behaviors of alcoholic women physicians, 95 women physicians and five women medical students were interviewed. Both groups were self-described alcoholics and members of Alcoholics Anonymous and were abstinent from alcohol for at least one year. Subjects participated in one-hour interviews with a recovered alcoholic professional woman. Addictions to drugs other than alcohol were common, with only 40% reporting addiction to alcohol alone. Seventy-three reported serious suicidal ideation prior to sobriety, 26 after the drinking ended. Thirty-eight had made overt suicide attempts, 15 more than once. The presence of alcoholics in the nuclear family and marital instability were common. Treatment experiences varied from none other than Alcoholics Anonymous (21%) to long-term residential treatment of 15 weeks or more per episode (23%). Most had reached treatment through circumstances other than referral by therapists or intervention by impaired-physician committees. Their current procedures should be evaluated with the particular needs of women in mind. (<i>JAMA</i>1987;257:2939-2944)
Abstract 5783: Abnormal Regional Right Ventricular Diastolic Mechanics in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Despite Preserved Systolic Mechanics
Authors: Aurelio C Pinheiro, Veronica L Dimaano, Patrick Eulitt, Jacob Abraham, Mary Corretti, Theodore P Abraham
Journal: Circulation (2008)

BACKGROUND. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is an inherited cardiomyopathy with left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and preserved EF. However, there is little if any information on right ventricular (RV) involvement. We used conventional (ECHO) and strain echocardiography (SE) to examine RV morphology and mechanics in 50 consecutive HCM patients compared to 26 controls. METHODS/RESULTS. HCM patients were normotensive with asymmetric septal hypertrophy (septal/posterior wall thickness ratio &gt;.5) and SAM with no evidence of other infiltrative cardiomyopathies and pulmonary hypertension. Standard ECHO views and narrow sector, high frame rate (~200 fps) SE images of the RV free wall were obtained. All SE analysis was performed at the basal level of the RV free wall. Acceptable quality images were available in all subjects. RV morphology and function by ECHO was similar in both groups except for higher LVEF and thicker RV free wall in HCM. Despite similar regional systolic mechanics, eSR was significantly lower (p = 0.009) and there was a trend towards lower e′ velocity (p=0.06) in HCM compared to controls (Table +Figure ). CONCLUSIONS. In an unselected cohort of consecutive HCM patients, we found significantly abnormal regional RV diastolic mechanics with RV hypertrophy. This is a previously unreported functional abnormality in HCM with potential diagnostic and prognostic implications. Conventional and strain echocardiography parameters in Control and HCM patients.
Liver Tumors Produced in Rats by Feeding Safrole
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
An Ecological Approach to Public Health Intervention: Ross River Virus in Australia
Authors: Philip Weinstein
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

A detailed look at the ecology of a disease can lead to recommendations for public health interventions that are not otherwise obvious. To illustrate this point, this paper discusses the ecology and control of infection with the Australian arbovirus Ross River virus (RRV). The traditional insecticidal approach to mosquito control is recommended when an outbreak of RRV results from the expansion of an area endemic for the disease to include a population of previously unexposed (nonimmune) people. In contrast, if an outbreak results from the expansion of a non-immune population into an endemic area, an insecticidal approach can lead to an increased incidence of the disease. Education about antimosquito measures is more appropriate in the latter situation; the differing applicability of these intervention strategies is highlighted. Both strategies could be more scientifically applied if endemic areas were clearly defined by modeling ecological variables and if intervention were more closely linked to improved surveillance systems. An ecologically based control strategy must be developed for RRV to manage the disease appropriately when faced with its probable ecological changes brought about by global warming, increased rainfall, and demographic change. Key words: arbovirus, ecology, endemic, epidemic, global change, intervention.
Supervision, not regulation of hours, is the key to improving the quality of patient care
Authors: B. M. Bell
Journal: JAMA (1993)

This week's issue ofThe Journalhas an article by Laine et al,<sup>1</sup>which elegantly demonstrates how to study the effect changes in the working hours of residents will have on residency programs. The publication of this article is also evidence of wide interest in the 19-month study of a New York committee, the Bell Committee. The study produced a series of recommendations<sup>2</sup>that led to changes in the New York State Health Code,<sup>3</sup>regulating not only the working conditions of residents, but also their supervision.<sup>4</sup> See also p 374. The need to rationalize the hours that house staff are scheduled to work, which has made sleep deprivation and chronic fatigue features of graduate medical education both in our country and in other countries, is a need whose time clearly has come.<sup>5</sup>In the United Kingdom, the Ministerial Group on Junior Doctors' Hours has accepted
Protein Dye—Continual Showering—Osmotic Diuretic Advance Burn Therapy
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal