tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Rationing health care
Authors: M. M Rivlin, M. Williams, A M Gordhandas, S. Jenkinson, S. Field, J Dunstan
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Doctors should work towards elimination of all firearms and knivesEditor-With the publication of the Cullen report into the shooting of several children at a school in Scotland 1 and the cross party support in parliament to increase the controls on handguns, the moment is ripe for the medical profession to pursue a new health campaign.Over the past three or four decades the profession has had some success in raising public awareness of the risks of cigarette smoking and through that, probably, in saving lives.The reduction of the suicide rate is an objective of the Health of the Nation for England, yet suicide rates are still rising among young men. 2 Homicide is a major political issue.Weapons, especially firearms and knives, contribute to both these forms of premature death.Elimination of all firearms and knives that are surplus to domestic and industrial requirements would not solve either problem entirely, but it would make an important contribution.We believe that the profession, through the BMA and one or two royal colleges (particularly the Royal College of Psychiatrists), could develop policies about weapons control.The prime minister has already indicated that he would introduce controls on knives if a workable definition for the surplus ones was drawn up.
Rational Diet Construction for Mild and Grand Obesity
Authors: I. Frank Tullis
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Rational diet construction for obesity requires understanding of two facts: (1) energy expenditure must be considered along with diet and (2) psychological incentive must be maintained. Ironically, time may prove that diet construction in the present day sense will play a minor role in obesity correction. It has become progressively more apparent that psychological and behavioral characteristics of the individual represent the true etiological factors in obesity. Correction of these depends on successful behavior modification of the individual. The best current concept is that diet and exercise are fundamental for obesity control, but also that behavior modification is the underlying essential for long-term regulation. Physiologically and psychologically, mild and grand obesity are different. In mild obesity the problem is usually one of insidious, often slight shift of caloric balance to one beyond weight maintenance over a prolonged period. Dietary intake and energy expenditure are both usually involved in the change
Uniform requirements for manuscripts submitted to biomedical journals. International Committee of Medical Journal Editors
Journal: JAMA (1993)

A small group of editors of general medical journals met informally in Vancouver, British Columbia, in January 1978 to establish guidelines for the format of manuscripts submitted to their journals. The group, now expanded and known as the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (also known as the Vancouver Group), has met annually since then and its concerns have broadened. The committee has produced four editions of the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals; this fourth edition was revised slightly in January 1993. During discussions of manuscript requirements, questions have been raised about other issues surrounding publication, especially ethics. Some of these concerns are now covered in the Uniform Requirements; others are addressed in separate statements issued by the committee. The total content of this communication may be reproduced for educational, not-for-profit purposes without regard for copyright; the committee encourages distribution of the material, which we hope will be useful. Journals that agree to use the Uniform Requirements are asked to cite the document in their instructions to authors.
POS0020 PAIN PHENOTYPING IN PATIENTS WITH PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS AND HAND OSTEOARTHRITIS
Authors: J. Vela, L. Dreyer, K. Kjær Petersen, L. Arent-Nielsen, S. Kristensen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2022)

<h3>Background</h3> Chronic pain is experienced by many patients with joint disease but underlying pain phenotypes including impact of concomitant fibromyalgia (cFM) have not been investigated in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and hand osteoarthritis (hand-OA). <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate pain parameters (quantitative sensory testing) in patients with hand-OA and PsA using pressure pain thresholds (PPT), temporal summation of pain (TSP) and conditioned pain modulation (CPM) compared with healthy controls. Furthermore, to explore whether alternations in underlying pain mechanisms and psychological factors are associated with cFM compared to those patients without. <h3>Methods</h3> Patients with verified PsA or hand-OA and healthy controls underwent quantitative sensory testing using hand-held and cuff pressure algometry to measure PPT, TSP and CPM. Psychosocial factors were assessed via the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Pain Catastrophizing Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and disability was assessed via the Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index and pain quality via the painDETECT questionnaire. cFM was identified using the revised 2016 American College of Rheumatology criteria. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 75 patients with hand-OA, 58 patients with PsA and 20 controls were included. Patients with hand-OA or PsA had statistically significant lower PPTs and CPM, and greater TSP than controls and greater psychosocial impact. Limiting the analysis to patients without cFM yielded a similar result. Patients with cFM (58%) had greater scores of depression, anxiety, catastrophizing, disability and reduced sleep quality when compared to patients without cFM. Additionally, in cFM the TSP and painDETECT scores were higher compared to patients without cFM. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Patients with hand-OA and PsA experienced a greater degree of pain facilitation and psychosocial impact when compared with controls. Patients with cFM had greater TSP, painDETECT, disability, catastrophizing and reduced sleep quality, than patients without, indicating greater degree of sensitisation, psychosocial burden, and disability. <h3>Disclosure of Interests</h3> Jonathan Vela: None declared, Lene Dreyer Grant/research support from: Grant from BMS Honorarium from Eli Lilly, Galderma and Janssen, Kristian Kjær Petersen: None declared, Lars Arent-Nielsen: None declared, Salome Kristensen: None declared
Verapamil Administration in Variant Angina Pectoris
Authors: Stacy M. Johnson
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Six patients with Prinzmetal's variant angina were treated with oral verapamil administration. Before and after the initiation of therapy, ambulatory ECG monitoring was performed to assess objectively the response to therapy. With verapamil administration, the frequency of both chest pain and transient ST-segment deviations was sharply diminished. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;245:1849-1851)
Medical Practice, Case Mix, and Cost Containment
Authors: David W. Young
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Present political pressures for hospital cost containment appear to make some form of case-specific reimbursement system inevitable. For such a system to be able to control hospital costs effectively, however, its design must reflect the fundamental and traditional principles of management control systems. Although the diagnostic-related group (DRG) approach is the most frequently discussed form of case-mix-sensitive reimbursement, DRGs do not satisfy basic management control principles. Under a more appropriate hospital control system, however, physicians would be incorporated directly into the hospital's management structure. Consequently, to ensure that this new control system is medically as well as financially appropriate, physicians should seize the initiative in determining the standards against which their performance will be measured. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;247:801-805)
Coxsackievirus and Congenital Malformation
Authors: A. Czeizel
Journal: JAMA (1967)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> I have read with particular interest the communication by Brown and Evans, "Serologic Evidence of Coxsackievirus Etiology of Congenital Heart Disease" (<b>199</b>: 183, 1967), because we have found a possible relation between the infections of coxsackievirus B during pregnancy and fetal deaths. Congenital malformations and early fetal deaths are essentially only different degrees of fetal damage. According to the data available, the greatest Bornholm epidemic caused by coxsackievirus B 3 was observed in Hungary in July and August 1958. The number of clinically manifest cases was more than 40,000. Taking into account that the manifest cases may be regarded, with some exaggeration, as complications of a much higher number of inapparent infections, the number of persons involved in the epidemic was estimated about 1 million.<sup>1</sup>Hungary's population being approximately 10 million, the incidence was about 10%. The same percentage of pregnant women may reasonably be supposed
Pseudomonas aeruginosa Corneal Infection Related to Mascara Applicator Trauma — Georgia
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Principles and Practice of Medicine. Designed for the use of practitioners and students of medicine.
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Anorectal Cancer and Homosexuality
Authors: Bruce Voeller
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Interest in Dahling and co-workers' (1982;247:1988) postulation of a higher incidence of rectal cancer among homosexual men has led to consideration of the causes of such carcinoma. Kondlapoodi (1982; 248:2114) lists arguments he believes "strongly implicate seminal plasma as a cause of anorectal cancer." Before the beguiling plausibility of this hypothesis edges it into popular belief, alternative and possibly multiorigin explanations should be considered. Among these should be the effect of fat- or oil-based lubricants often used during anal intercourse. A substantial medical literature exists relating oil products to the development of oleogranulomas in general and in the anorectal area in particular.<sup>1-4</sup>Moreover, of various oils, mineral oil, a frequent ingredient in sexual lubricants, has been reported to produce decidedly the greatest adverse reaction in tissues.<sup>1,3</sup>Oleogranulomas in the rectum can become large enough to obstruct the intestine and in other organs and tissues have
A 50-Year-Old Woman With Disabling Spinal Stenosis, 1 Year Later
Authors: Jennifer Daley
Journal: JAMA (1996)

At the Orthopedics Grand Rounds held approximately 1 year ago, Dr Steven Garfin discussed the management of spinal stenosis in a woman who has a long history of lower back pain and fibromyalgia.<sup>1</sup>Dr Garfin stressed the importance of the history and physical examination in making a diagnostic assessment, particularly in a patient with multiple problems. Dr Garfin also discussed the appropriateness of surgical treatment for spinal stenosis, emphasizing symptomatic relief in the legs vs the back. We asked the patient and her primary care doctor to comment on what has transpired in the past year. <h3>Miss W, THE PATIENT:</h3> I had a triple laminectomy performed by a neurosurgeon in September 1995 and I feel great. I have no pain at all in my legs. My back pain has improved a little bit. I walk 3 to 4 miles daily and have lost 25 pounds. The fibromyalgia is off
Death rates from childhood leukaemia near nuclear sites
Authors: H. O Dickinson, T. J B Dummer, M. S Pearce, J A Crofts, G C R Sallit, W D Atkinson, B C Carpenter, G J Draper, T J Vincent, C Barton, C. Busby, M. S. Cato, P G Bolger
Journal: BMJ (1997)

The real ethics of rationing Purchasers, not surgeons, control waiting listsEditor-I applaud the BMJ's efforts to bring the important issue of rationing to the fore, but I cannot allow one aspect of Light's contribution to go without challenge. 1Under the heading "parasitic privatisation" he says, "to top it off, the surgeons control the waiting lists" (to encourage patients into the private sector).I despair that someone of his academic stature should show such a lack of understanding of the purchaser-provider split that we have had in the NHS for the past six years.In the vast majority of cases we as surgeons have a contract with purchasers that places an upper limit on the number of patients on whom we can operate.Thus surgeons have no control over the number of patients having surgery and therefore, by definition, over the waiting list.The role of the surgeon is to prioritise, on clinical grounds, within the contracted number.If surgeons are to operate on more patients then purchasers must contract for more operations.The onus to reduce waiting time, and therefore encourage patients not to use the private sector, lies solely with the purchasers.
Extemporaneous vs Commercial Formulations of Steroids for Topical Usage
Authors: Kenneth H. Burdick
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> There seems to be some misunderstanding on the part of Dr. Epstein. Our purpose in this article was to suggest that physicians employing extemporaneous prescriptions of corticosteroids should evaluate them and determine if they had significant activity over the vehicle. While there were many published examples we could have used, we selected this particular one for two reasons. It was suggested by an outstanding dermatologist, and was published in a widely distributed journal. The six identical prescriptions were written as directed in that publication. (Editorial requirements ofThe Journaldid not permit us to reproduce this prescription exactly as it was written). A specific base was directed but the resulting medications hardly reflected this. Even with these unplanned variations there was no vasoconstrictor activity in any preparation. Further, we repeatedly draw attention to the fact that this prescription calls for triamcinolone "powder" from crushed tablets and that
The Digestive Tract: A Radiological Study of Its Anatomy, Physiology and Pathology.
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1937)

Dr Barclay has provided anatomists, who use X-rays in the teaching of the sub- ject, with a much needed volume of reference which cannot but be of the greatest value in their work.The plan superimposing the radiological appearance of the several parts of the alimentary tract on actual photographs of the patient demonstrates the wide limits of the "normal" digestive organs and also enables one to appreciate, as Dr Barclay has pointed out, the influence which sensory stimuli and emotional states, and also posture and respiration, have on the form and position of these organs.Arising out of these observations, the author takes pains to point out that "there is no such thing as 'normal"' when applied to the abdominal organs.Anatomists will read with interest, even if they disagree with the thesis, that there is no " fixity " of position or form of viscera nor are there any " fixal points " relating the viscera to the abdominal wall.The movements of the food during its passage through the canal are considered in detail and are worthy of careful study.The radiological appearance in disease and the details of equipment form valuable chapters which are written, like the rest of the book, in a concise, practical, and thoughtful way.The illustrations are admirable and the bibliography complete.
The Utility of CPR in Elderly Persons
Authors: James R. Sauer
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I question the conclusion by Longstreth et al<sup>1</sup>that "elderly patients can benefit from attempted resuscitation from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest." My question pertains to the 140 elderly patients, 112 of whom went home and 28 to a nursing home. We are not given any information about the quality of life of these patients or any follow-up as to their length of survival after going home from the hospital. It seems to me that these questions, as well as the costs involved, need to be addressed.
Medical Applications of Dust-Free Rooms
Authors: Lewis L. Coriell
Journal: JAMA (1968)

A clean room of the type constructed for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) program for assembly of spacecraft in a dust-free environment was studied for its effect on airborne microorganisms in an operating suite. Using a combination of high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters and a plenum type of vertical air flow, it was possible to essentially eliminate airborne bacteria from ambient air throughout the operating room within minutes after starting the air filter system. Microbiological monitoring of 14 operations in the clean room showed that viable particulates in the operative field were reduced 10- to 18-fold within 2 to 3 minutes of turning on the filter. This is a practical method for reducing airborne dust and bacteria and has many potential applications in a hospital.
5-Azacytidine-Induced Uncoupling of Differentiation and Tumorigenicity in a Murine Cell Line&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1984)

Highly tumorigenic, myogenically defective T984-15 murine cells were treated with the hypomethylating agent 5-azacytidine (5-azaC). In response to drug treatment, T984-15 cells formed colonies that were myosin-positive and contained fused myotubes. When cloned, these differentiated colonies gave rise to cells that maintained their myogenic potential even after prolonged growth in tissue culture. The myogenic differentiation observed in response to 5-azaC treatment was not the result of selection of a preexisting myogenic subpopulation, inasmuch as treatment of a subcloned population of nondifferentiating cells with 5-azaC also resulted in the induction of myogenesis. In addition to inducing myogenic potential, 5-azaC generally suppressed the tumorigenic potential of the treated cells. Whereas 19 of 19 untreated T984-15 clones when injected into BALB/c nude mice produced tumors, 8 of 9 of the 5-azaC-treated clones injected displayed suppressed tumorigenicity under identical conditions. Tumorigenic suppression, however, was independent of the induction of differentiation: 1 myogenic clone remained tumorigenic and 5 clones whose tumorigenic potential was suppressed were non myogenic. Thus treatment with the hypomethylating agent 5-azaC not only affected the expression of differentiated and tumorigenic phenotypes but also dissociated their usually coordinate regulation.
N-Nitrosomethylurea-Induced Rat Mammary Tumours as Models of Human Breast cancer
Authors: B A Gusterson, J C Williams
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1981)

A histopathological study is reported of the autopsy findings in two strains of rats treated with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU). The induced mammary tumours were histologically indistinguishable from those produced by dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA). A number of other primary tumours were found and there was no evidence of metastases.
Dilemmas and Solutions
Authors: Frank R. Harrison
Journal: JAMA (1974)

RECENTLY, the popular press has carried articles dealing with the biomedical sciences and technology, and human values. It is stated that physicians seem perplexed by some of the complicated moral decisions thrust on them in the practice of their profession. Situations such as the following are said to generate moral dilemmas that cannot be easily, if at all, sequestered in a physician's daily work. An infant is born with a critical physical defect that is not correctable given current medical knowledge and technology. What should the attending physician do? Two persons need a kidney transplant in order to survive, but there is only one kidney available. How can the surgeon determine which candidate will undergo surgery? A person needs an immediate heart transplant, but at the time there are no available hearts. However, a patient has made provisions to donate his heart on death. This patient is,
Allopurinol Therapy For Renal Uric Acid Calculi
Authors: Arthur A. Billings
Journal: JAMA (1969)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Increased purine catabolism and associated hyperuricemia are well documented in patients with myeloproliferative and neoplastic diseases. Complications, secondary to the increased uric acid pool, may become of primary clinical importance. The ability of allopurinol, a xanthine oxidase inhibitor, to reduce the body's uric acid content, has led to its successful use in the treatment of the complications of hyperuricemia. The present report describes the dissolution of large urate calculi in the renal pelvis, in a patient with polycythemia vera, during allopurinol therapy. <h3>Report of a Case:—</h3> A 51-year-old white woman was admitted to Michael Reese Hospital on Jan 24, 1969, with a sudden onset of severe pain in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen. The patient had been well until four years previously when malaise and a sensation of fullness of the left side of the abdomen led to the establishment of a diagnosis of polycythemia