tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Interstitial-fluid shear stresses induced by vertically oscillating head motion lower blood pressure in hypertensive rats and humans
Authors: Shuhei Murase, Naoyoshi Sakitani, Takahiro Maekawa, Daisuke Yoshino, Kouji Takano, Ayumu Konno, Hirokazu Hirai, Taku Saito, Sakae Tanaka, Keisuke Shinohara, Takuya Kishi, Yuki Yoshikawa, Takamasa Sakai, Makoto Ayaori, Hirohiko Inanami, Koji Tomiyasu, Atsushi Takashima, Toru Ogata, Hirotsugu Tsuchimochi, Shinya Sato, Shigeyoshi Saito, Kohzoh Yoshino, Yuiko Matsuura, Kenichi Funamoto, Hiroki Ochi, Masahiro Shinohara, Motoshi Nagao, Yasuhiro Sawada
Journal: Nature Biomedical Engineering (2023)

Abstract The mechanisms by which physical exercise benefits brain functions are not fully understood. Here, we show that vertically oscillating head motions mimicking mechanical accelerations experienced during fast walking, light jogging or treadmill running at a moderate velocity reduce the blood pressure of rats and human adults with hypertension. In hypertensive rats, shear stresses of less than 1 Pa resulting from interstitial-fluid flow induced by such passive head motions reduced the expression of the angiotensin II type-1 receptor in astrocytes in the rostral ventrolateral medulla, and the resulting antihypertensive effects were abrogated by hydrogel introduction that inhibited interstitial-fluid movement in the medulla. Our findings suggest that oscillatory mechanical interventions could be used to elicit antihypertensive effects.
Establishing minimally important differences for cardiac MRI end-points in pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Samer Alabed, Pankaj Garg, Faisal Alandejani, Krit Dwivedi, Ahmed Maiter, Kavita Karunasaagarar, Smitha Rajaram, Catherine Hill, Steven Thomas, Rebecca Gossling, Michael J. Sharkey, Mahan Salehi, Jim M. Wild, Lisa Watson, Abdul Hameed, Athanasios Charalampopoulos, Haiping Lu, Alex M.K. Rothman, A.A. Roger Thompson, Charlie A. Elliot, Neil Hamilton, Christopher S. Johns, Iain Armstrong, Robin Condliffe, Rob J. van der Geest, Andrew J. Swift, David G. Kiely
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2023)

Background Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is the gold standard technique to assess biventricular volumes and function, and is increasingly being considered as an end-point in clinical studies. Currently, with the exception of right ventricular (RV) stroke volume and RV end-diastolic volume, there is only limited data on minimally important differences (MIDs) reported for CMR metrics. Our study aimed to identify MIDs for CMR metrics based on US Food and Drug Administration recommendations for a clinical outcome measure that should reflect how a patient “feels, functions or survives”. Methods Consecutive treatment-naïve patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) between 2010 and 2022 who had two CMR scans (at baseline prior to treatment and 12 months following treatment) were identified from the ASPIRE registry. All patients were followed up for 1 additional year after the second scan. For both scans, cardiac measurements were obtained from a validated fully automated segmentation tool. The MID in CMR metrics was determined using two distribution-based (0.5 sd and minimal detectable change) and two anchor-based (change difference and generalised linear model regression) methods benchmarked to how a patient “feels” (emPHasis-10 quality of life questionnaire), “functions” (incremental shuttle walk test) or “survives” for 1-year mortality to changes in CMR measurements. Results 254 patients with PAH were included (mean± sd age 53±16 years, 79% female and 66% categorised as intermediate risk based on the 2022 European Society of Cardiology/European Respiratory Society risk score). We identified a 5% absolute increase in RV ejection fraction and a 17 mL decrease in RV end-diastolic or end-systolic volumes as the MIDs for improvement. Conversely, a 5% decrease in RV ejection fraction and a 10 mL increase in RV volumes were associated with worsening. Conclusions This study establishes clinically relevant CMR MIDs for how a patient “feels, functions or survives” in response to PAH treatment. These findings provide further support for the use of CMR as a clinically relevant clinical outcome measure and will aid trial size calculations for studies using CMR.
Longitudinal effects of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor on sputum viscoelastic properties, airway infection and inflammation in patients with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Laura Schaupp, Annalisa Addante, Mirjam Völler, Kerstin Fentker, Aditi Kuppe, Markus Bardua, Julia Duerr, Linus Piehler, Jobst Röhmel, Stephanie Thee, Marieluise Kirchner, Matthias Ziehm, Daniel Lauster, Rainer Haag, Michael Gradzielski, Mirjam Stahl, Philipp Mertins, Sébastien Boutin, Simon Y. Graeber, Marcus A. Mall
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2023)

Recent studies demonstrated that the triple combination cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulator therapy elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI) improves lung function and reduces pulmonary exacerbations in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients with at least one F508del allele. However, effects of ETI on downstream consequences of CFTR dysfunction, i.e. abnormal viscoelastic properties of airway mucus, chronic airway infection and inflammation have not been studied. The aim of this study was to determine the longitudinal effects of ETI on airway mucus rheology, microbiome and inflammation in CF patients with one or two F508del alleles aged ≥12 years throughout the first 12 months of therapy.In this prospective observational study, we assessed sputum rheology, the microbiome, inflammation markers and proteome before and 1, 3 and 12 months after initiation of ETI.In total, 79 patients with CF and at least one F508del allele and 10 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. ETI improved the elastic modulus and viscous modulus of CF sputum at 3 and 12 months after initiation (all p<0.01). Furthermore, ETI decreased the relative abundance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in CF sputum at 3 months and increased the microbiome α-diversity at all time points. In addition, ETI reduced interleukin-8 at 3 months (p<0.05) and free neutrophil elastase activity at all time points (all p<0.001), and shifted the CF sputum proteome towards healthy.Our data demonstrate that restoration of CFTR function by ETI improves sputum viscoelastic properties, chronic airway infection and inflammation in CF patients with at least one F508del allele over the first 12 months of therapy; however, levels close to healthy were not reached.
<i>Notes from the Field:</i> Doubling of Cyclosporiasis Cases Partially Attributable to a Salad Kit — Florida, 2021–2022
Authors: Paul Rehme
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2023)

Cyclosporiasis is a gastrointestinal infection caused by a protozoan parasite, Cyclospora cayetanensis.This species is only known to infect humans and is acquired when oocysts are ingested through food or water contaminated with feces that contain the parasite.The illness was first reported in 1979, and the organism was identified and named in 1994 (1).Historically, infections were typically acquired outside of the United States or from produce that was imported into the United States (1).In recent years, the number of reported U.S. cases has been increasing: cases more than doubled from 537 in 2016 to 1,194 in 2017, and then nearly tripled, to 3,519 cases in 2018; in 2019, 4,703 cyclosporiasis cases were reported.*Recently, the parasite has been found on domestically grown produce (2), and infections have been attributed to these foods (3).Produce washing will decrease but not eliminate the parasite (1).
A Triboelectric Nanocomposite for Sterile Sensing, Energy Harvesting, and Haptic Diagnostics in Interventional Procedures from Surgical Gloves (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 17/2023)
Authors: Carmen Salvadores Fernandez, Shireen Jaufuraully, Biswajoy Bagchi, Wenqing Chen, Priyankan Datta, Priya Gupta, Anna L. David, Dimitrios Siassakos, Adrien Desjardins, Manish K. Tiwari
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Self-Powered Sensors In article 2202673 by Manish K. Tiwari and co-workers, a sprayable, nanocomposite is introduced as an ultrathin triboelectric tactile sensor. The nanocomposite is also antibacterial, superhydrophobic, and nontoxic. The sensors are integrated on surgical gloves and work with a second glove on top, facilitating energy harvesting, force sensing, detection of materials stiffness changes etc. This enabled detections of pig anal sphincter injury ex vivo.
A Cyclodiaryliodonium NOX Inhibitor for the Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer via Enzyme‐Activatable Targeted Delivery by Sulfated Glycosaminoglycan Derivatives (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 17/2023)
Authors: Jiadong Pang, Daqian Zhu, Yang Liu, Dingxin Liu, Chunhua Zhao, Jianeng Zhang, Shengping Li, Zexian Liu, Xiaobing Li, Peng Huang, Shijun Wen, Jiang Yang
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Nanoparticle-Drug Conjugates To combat pancreatic cancer with a dismal prognosis, a self-assembled nanoparticle-drug conjugate is synthesized in article 2203011 by Peng Huang, Shijun Wen, Jiang Yang, and co-workers. Based on chemically-modified sulfated glycosaminoglycan derivatives, a nanoparticle-drug conjugate (NDC) efficiently encapsulates a cyclodiaryliodonium NOX inhibitor from pooled screening, enabling hyaluronidase-activatable release, and facilitates CD44-targeted cellular trafficking to elicit anti-cancer efficacy with a good safety profile.
Evolution of immune and stromal cell states and ecotypes during gastric adenocarcinoma progression
Authors: Ruiping Wang, Shumei Song, Jiangjiang Qin, Katsuhiro Yoshimura, Fuduan Peng, Yanshuo Chu, Yuan Li, Yibo Fan, Jiankang Jin, Minghao Dang, Enyu Dai, Guangsheng Pei, Guangchun Han, Dapeng Hao, Yating Li, Deyali Chatterjee, Kazuto Harada, Melissa Pool Pizzi, Ailing W. Scott, Ghia Tatlonghari, Xinmiao Yan, Zhiyuan Xu, Can Hu, Shaowei Mo, Namita Shanbhag, Yang Lu, Matheus Sewastjanow-Silva, Ahmed Adel Fouad Abdelhakeem, Guang Peng, Samir M. Hanash, George A. Calin, Cassian Yee, Pawel Mazur, Autumn N. Marsden, Andrew Futreal, Zhenning Wang, Xiangdong Cheng, Jaffer A. Ajani, Linghua Wang
Journal: Cancer Cell (2023)
A panel dataset of COVID-19 vaccination policies in 185 countries
Authors: Emily Cameron-Blake, Helen Tatlow, Bernardo Andretti, Thomas Boby, Kaitlyn Green, Thomas Hale, Anna Petherick, Toby Phillips, Annalena Pott, Adam Wade, Hao Zha
Journal: Nature Human Behaviour (2023)

Abstract We present a panel dataset of COVID-19 vaccine policies, with data from 01 January 2020 for 185 countries and a number of subnational jurisdictions, reporting on vaccination prioritization plans, eligibility and availability, cost to the individual and mandatory vaccination policies. For each of these indicators, we recorded who is targeted by a policy using 52 standardized categories. These indicators document a detailed picture of the unprecedented scale of international COVID-19 vaccination rollout and strategy, indicating which countries prioritized and vaccinated which groups, when and in what order. We highlight key descriptive findings from these data to demonstrate uses for the data and to encourage researchers and policymakers in future research and vaccination planning. Numerous patterns and trends begin to emerge. For example: ‘eliminator’ countries (those that aimed to prevent virus entry into the country and community transmission) tended to prioritize border workers and economic sectors, while ‘mitigator’ countries (those that aimed to reduce the impact of community transmission) tended to prioritize the elderly and healthcare sectors for the first COVID-19 vaccinations; high-income countries published prioritization plans and began vaccinations earlier than low- and middle-income countries. Fifty-five countries were found to have implemented at least one policy of mandatory vaccination. We also demonstrate the value of combining this data with vaccination uptake rates, vaccine supply and demand data, and with further COVID-19 epidemiological data.
The effect of pore size on the mechanical properties, biodegradation and osteogenic effects of additively manufactured magnesium scaffolds after high temperature oxidation: An in vitro and in vivo study
Authors: Chaoxin Wang, Jinge Liu, Shuyuan Min, Yu Liu, Bingchuan Liu, Yuanyu Hu, Zhengguang Wang, Fengbiao Mao, Caimei Wang, Xiaolin Ma, Peng Wen, Yufeng Zheng, Yun Tian
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2023)

The effects of pore size in additively manufactured biodegradable porous magnesium on the mechanical properties and biodegradation of the scaffolds as well as new bone formation have rarely been reported. In this work, we found that high temperature oxidation improves the corrosion resistance of magnesium scaffold. And the effects of pore size on the mechanical characteristics and biodegradation of scaffolds, as well as new bone formation, were investigated using magnesium scaffolds with three different pore sizes, namely, 500, 800, and 1400 μm (P500, P800, and P1400). We discovered that the mechanical characteristics of the P500 group were much better than those of the other two groups. In vitro and in vivo investigations showed that WE43 magnesium alloy scaffolds supported the survival of mesenchymal stem cells and did not cause any local toxicity. Due to their larger specific surface area, the scaffolds in the P500 group released more magnesium ions within reasonable range and improved the osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells compared with the other two scaffolds. In a rabbit femoral condyle defect model, the P500 group demonstrated unique performance in promoting new bone formation, indicating its great potential for use in bone defect regeneration therapy.
Ovarian Cancer, Version 2.2013
Authors: Robert J. Morgan, Ronald D. Alvarez, Deborah K. Armstrong, Robert A. Burger, Lee-may Chen, Larry Copeland, Marta Ann Crispens, David M. Gershenson, Heidi J. Gray, Ardeshir Hakam, Laura J. Havrilesky, Carolyn Johnston, Shashikant Lele, Lainie Martin, Ursula A. Matulonis, David M. O’Malley, Richard T. Penson, Matthew A. Powell, Steven W. Remmenga, Paul Sabbatini, Joseph T. Santoso, Julian C. Schink, Nelson Teng, Theresa L. Werner, Mary A. Dwyer, Miranda Hughes
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2013)

These NCCN Guidelines Insights focus on the major updates to the 2013 NCCN Guidelines for Ovarian Cancer. Four updates were selected based on recent important updates in the guidelines and on debate among panel members about recent clinical trials. The topics include 1) intraperitoneal chemotherapy, 2) CA-125 monitoring for ovarian cancer recurrence, 3) surveillance recommendations for less common ovarian histopathologies, and 4) recent changes in therapy for recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer. These NCCN Guidelines Insights also discuss why some recommendations were not made.
The origins and longevity of <scp>IgE</scp> responses as indicated by serological and cellular studies in mice and humans
Authors: Zhoujie Ding, Jesse Mulder, Marcus J. Robinson
Journal: Allergy (2023)

The existence of long-lived IgE antibody-secreting cells (ASC) is contentious, with the maintenance of sensitization by the continuous differentiation of short-lived IgE
Coexisting Genomic Alterations in Risk Stratification of <i>KRAS</i>G12C-Mutated Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Sarina Z.W. Heng, Regina Hoo, Daniel S.W. Tan
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2023)

Summary: Negrao and colleagues showed that coalterations in three genes—KEAP1, SMARCA4, and CDKN2A— correlated to poor clinical outcomes in patients with KRASG12C-mutated non–small cell lung cancer treated with sotorasib or adagrasib. Their study highlights how pooling high-resolution real-world genomic data with clinical outcomes can potentially facilitate risk-stratified precision therapies. See related article by Negrao et al., p. 1556 (2).
Comparison of idiopathic and drug-induced epidermal necrolysis in children
Authors: Anne Welfringer-Morin, Pauline Bataille, David Drummond, Nathalia Bellon, Saskia Ingen-Housz-Oro, Julie Bonigen, Sophie Schmartz, Laura Giraud-Kerleroux, Florence Moulin, Laure De Saint Blanquat, Dominique Bremond-Gignac, Smail Hadj-Rabia, Christine Bodemer
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2023)

In this monocentric retrospective study in a French paediatric reference centre, children with idiopathic epidermal necrolysis (EN) had more severe disease than those with drug-induced EN during the acute stage. In our study, no EN was attributed to infection.
Increasing growth and impact of <i>Neuro-Oncology</i>
Authors: Susan M Chang
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2023)

Journal Article Increasing growth and impact of Neuro-Oncology Get access Susan M Chang, M.D Susan M Chang, M.D University of California at San Francisco, Department of Neurological Surgery, 505 Parnassus Ave., M774 San Francisco, CA 94143-0112, UNITED STATES University of California at San Francisco, Department of Neurological Surgery, 505 Parnassus Ave., M774 San Francisco, CA 94143-0112, UNITED STATES, 415-353-2270, FAX: 415-353-2167, Susan.Chang@ucsf.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Neuro-Oncology, Volume 25, Issue 7, July 2023, Page 1199, https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noad110 Published: 06 July 2023 Article history Corrected and typeset: 06 July 2023 Published: 06 July 2023
VEXAS Syndrome With Tracheal Involvement but Absence of Vasculitis in FDG PET/CT
Authors: Niklas Lohaus, Jan Schaab, Dominik Schaer, Stefan Balabanov, Martin W. Huellner
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2023)

Abstract In early 2022, a 77-year-old man presented with weight loss and recurrent subfebrile temperatures since 6 months. Workup with CT revealed a lung infiltrate. Despite antibiotic treatment, serum inflammation markers remained high. The patient further developed eczematous skin changes, uveitis (sequentially on both eyes), and macrocytic anemia. Finally, an autoinflammatory disease was suspected, and FDG PET/CT was performed. The examination revealed metabolically active foci in several tissues (tracheal cartilage, bone marrow, muscles). Bone marrow aspiration revealed an UBA1 mutation, which is pathognomonic for VEXAS syndrome.
Cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1 hinders colon tumorigenesis induced by colibactin-producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> in <i> Apc <sup>Min/+</sup> </i> mice
Authors: Héloïse Chat, Guillaume Dalmasso, Catherine Godfraind, Virginie Bonnin, Racha Beyrouthy, Mathilde Bonnet, Nicolas Barnich, Amel Mettouchi, Emmanuel Lemichez, Richard Bonnet, Julien Delmas
Journal: Gut Microbes (2023)

Colorectal cancer (CRC) patients are frequently colonized by colibactin-producing Escherichia coli (CoPEC) (>40%), which enhances tumorigenesis in mouse models of CRC. We observed that 50% of CoPEC also contains the cnf1 gene, which encodes cytotoxic necrotizing factor-1 (CNF1), an enhancer of the eukaryotic cell cycle. The impact of its co-occurrence with colibactin (Clb) has not yet been investigated. We evaluated the impact of CNF1 on colorectal tumorigenesis using human colonic epithelial HT-29 cells and CRC-susceptible ApcMin/+ mice inoculated with the CoPEC 21F8 clinical strain (Clb+Cnf+) or 21F8 isogenic mutants (Clb+Cnf-, Clb-Cnf+ and Clb-Cnf-). Infection with the Clb+Cnf- strain induced higher levels of inflammatory cytokines and senescence markers both in vitro and in vivo compared to those induced by infection with the Clb+Cnf+ strain. In contrast, the Clb+Cnf- and Clb+Cnf+ strains generated similar levels of DNA damage in HT-29 cells and in colonic murine tissues. Furthermore, the ApcMin/+ mice inoculated with the Clb+Cnf- strain developed significantly more tumors than the mice inoculated with the Clb+Cnf+ strain or the isogenic mutants, and the composition of their microbiota was changed. Finally, rectal administration of the CNF1 protein in ApcMin/+ mice inoculated with the Clb+Cnf- strain significantly decreased tumorigenesis and inflammation. Overall, this study provides evidence that CNF1 decreases the carcinogenic effects of CoPEC in ApcMin/+ mice by decreasing CoPEC-induced cellular senescence and inflammation.
Graft Failure After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting and Its Association With Patient Characteristics and Clinical Events: A Pooled Individual Patient Data Analysis of Clinical Trials With Imaging Follow-Up
Authors: Mario Gaudino, Sigrid Sandner, Kevin R. An, Arnaldo Dimagli, Antonino Di Franco, Katia Audisio, Lamia Harik, Roberto Perezgrovas-Olaria, Giovanni Soletti, Stephen E. Fremes, David L. Hare, Alexander Kulik, Andre Lamy, Joyce Peper, Marc Ruel, Jurrien M. ten Berg, Laura M. Willemsen, Qiang Zhao, Daniel M. Wojdyla, Deepak L. Bhatt, John H. Alexander, Bjorn Redfors
Journal: Circulation (2023)

Graft patency is the postulated mechanism for the benefits of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). However, systematic graft imaging assessment after CABG is rare, and there is a lack of contemporary data on the factors associated with graft failure and on the association between graft failure and clinical events after CABG. We pooled individual patient data from randomized clinical trials with systematic CABG graft imaging to assess the incidence of graft failure and its association with clinical risk factors. The primary outcome was the composite of myocardial infarction or repeat revascularization occurring after CABG and before imaging. A 2-stage meta-analytic approach was used to evaluate the association between graft failure and the primary outcome. We also assessed the association between graft failure and myocardial infarction, repeat revascularization, or all-cause death occurring after imaging. Seven trials were included comprising 4413 patients (mean age, 64.4±9.1 years; 777 [17.6%] women; 3636 [82.4%] men) and 13 163 grafts (8740 saphenous vein grafts and 4423 arterial grafts). The median time to imaging was 1.02 years (interquartile range [IQR], 1.00-1.03). Graft failure occurred in 1487 (33.7%) patients and in 2190 (16.6%) grafts. Age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.08 [per 10-year increment] [95% CI, 1.01-1.15]; P=0.03), female sex (aOR, 1.27 [95% CI, 1.08-1.50]; P=0.004), and smoking (aOR, 1.20 [95% CI, 1.04-1.38]; P=0.01) were independently associated with graft failure, whereas statins were associated with a protective effect (aOR, 0.74 [95% CI, 0.63-0.88]; P<0.001). Graft failure was associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction or repeat revascularization occurring between CABG and imaging assessment (8.0% in patients with graft failure versus 1.7% in patients without graft failure; aOR, 3.98 [95% CI, 3.54-4.47]; P<0.001). Graft failure was also associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction or repeat revascularization occurring after imaging (7.8% versus 2.0%; aOR, 2.59 [95% CI, 1.86-3.62]; P<0.001). All-cause death after imaging occurred more frequently in patients with graft failure compared with patients without graft failure (11.0% versus 2.1%; aOR, 2.79 [95% CI, 2.01-3.89]; P<0.001). In contemporary practice, graft failure remains common among patients undergoing CABG and is strongly associated with adverse cardiac events.
PET Imaging of Nectin-4: A Promising Tool for Personalized/Precision Oncology
Authors: Dawei Jiang, Xiaoli Lan, Weibo Cai
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2023)

In a recent study, the authors developed a nectin-4-targeting bicyclic peptide-based radiotracer, 68Ga-N188, for PET imaging of advanced urothelial cancer. Preclinical investigation and first-in-human study in 14 patients demonstrated excellent specificity and sensitivity of 68Ga-N188 in detecting metastases. These promising results support 68Ga-N188 as a companion diagnostic for future personalized cancer therapy. See related article by Duan et al., p. 3395.