tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Murine lung <scp>cDC1s</scp> inhibit memory Th2 cell generation by reducing <scp>CD62L</scp><sup>+</sup> memory precursors via <scp>IL</scp>‐12
Authors: Jianguo Liu, Linqing Du, Shuying Yi, Lina Li, Yan Lin, Yanan Bi, Guangming Zhu, Xiuli Jing, Wengang Song, Hua Tang
Journal: Allergy (2022)

Appendix S1 Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Erythroferrone contributes to iron mobilization for embryo erythropoiesis in iron‐deficient mouse pregnancies
Authors: Veena Sangkhae, Vivian Yu, Richard Coffey, Kimberly O. O'Brien, Tomas Ganz, Elizabeta Nemeth
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2022)

Erythroferrone (ERFE) is an erythroblast-secreted regulator of iron metabolism. The production of ERFE increases during stress erythropoiesis, leading to decreased hepcidin expression and mobilization of iron. Pregnancy requires a substantial increase in iron availability to sustain maternal erythropoietic expansion and fetal development and is commonly affected by iron deficiency. To define the role of ERFE during iron-replete or iron-deficient pregnancy, we utilized mouse models expressing a range of ERFE levels: transgenic (TG) mice overexpressing ERFE, wild-type (WT), and ERFE knockout (KO) mice. We altered maternal iron status using diets with low or standard iron content and performed the analysis at E18.5. Iron deficiency increased maternal ERFE in WT pregnancy. Comparing different maternal genotypes, ERFE TG dams had lower hepcidin relative to their liver iron load but similar hematological parameters to WT dams on either diet. In ERFE KO dams, most hematologic and iron parameters were comparable to WT, but mean corpuscular volume (MCV) was decreased under both iron conditions. Similar to dams, TG embryos had lower hepcidin on both diets, but their hematologic parameters did not differ from those of WT embryos. ERFE KO embryos had lower MCV than WT embryos on both diets. The effect was exacerbated under iron-deficient conditions where ERFE KO embryos had higher hepcidin, lower Hb and Hct, and lower brain iron concentration compared to WT embryos, indicative of iron restriction. Thus, under iron-deficient conditions, maternal and embryo ERFE facilitate iron mobilization for embryonic erythropoiesis.
Alcohol and Other Drug Use Among Victims of Motor-Vehicle Crashes—West Virginia, 2004-2005
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Alcohol use is a well-established risk factor for motor-vehicle crashes. In 2005, approximately 39% of all traffic fatalities in the United States were alcohol related. Evidence of driver impairment from use of drugs other than alcohol is less definitive. In 2005, an estimated 4.3% of persons in the United States reported driving under the influence of a drug used recreationally during the preceding year, and an unknown percentage drove while impaired by drugs being used for medical reasons. To measure the prevalence of alcohol and drug use among persons killed in motor-vehicle crashes in West Virginia (where test results were available for >80% of fatalities), CDC analyzed 2004 and 2005 data reported by the West Virginia Office of the Chief Medical Examiner (OCME) to the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which determined that the prevalence of drug use (25.8%) was similar to the prevalence of a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) >0.08 g/dL (27.7%) among persons killed in motor-vehicle crashes. These results suggest that drug use contributes substantially to driver impairment in West Virginia. Measuring the magnitude of this problem nationally will require better surveillance data. Both surveillance and the development of prevention measures are hampered by difficulties in quantifying and defining drug impairment.
Introducing the Lipidomics Minimal Reporting Checklist
Authors: Jeffrey G. McDonald, Christer S. Ejsing, Dominik Kopczynski, Michal Holčapek, Junken Aoki, Makoto Arita, Masanori Arita, Erin S. Baker, Justine Bertrand-Michel, John A. Bowden, Britta Brügger, Shane R. Ellis, Maria Fedorova, William J. Griffiths, Xianlin Han, Jürgen Hartler, Nils Hoffmann, Jeremy P. Koelmel, Harald C. Köfeler, Todd W. Mitchell, Valerie B. O’Donnell, Daisuke Saigusa, Dominik Schwudke, Andrej Shevchenko, Candice Z. Ulmer, Markus R. Wenk, Michael Witting, Denise Wolrab, Yu Xia, Robert Ahrends, Gerhard Liebisch, Kim Ekroos
Journal: Nature Metabolism (2022)
Platelet serotonin-2A receptors: a potential biological marker for suicidal behavior
Authors: G N Pandey, S C Pandey, Y Dwivedi, R P Sharma, P G Janicak, J M Davis
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1995)

Abnormalities in the serotonergic system have been implicated in suicidal behavior. Higher numbers of serotonin-2 (5-HT2) receptors have been reported in the post-mortem brain of suicide victims. In order to further examine the role of 5-HT2A receptors in suicidal behavior, the authors studied 5-HT2A receptors in platelets of suicidal and nonsuicidal patients as well as normal comparison subjects.5-HT2A receptor levels were determined by using [125I]LSD as a radioligand in platelets obtained from hospitalized psychiatric patients (N = 131) and nonhospitalized normal comparison subjects (N = 40) during a drug-free baseline period. Patients were diagnosed according to DSM-III-R criteria, and suicidal behavior was identified by using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale.The mean maximum number of binding sites (Bmax) of platelet 5-HT2A receptors for all suicidal patients was significantly higher than for nonsuicidal patients or normal comparison subjects. This significant difference remained when subgroups of suicidal patients with depression, schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, or bipolar illness were compared to the other two subject groups. The higher number of platelet 5-HT2A receptors in suicidal patients was independent of diagnosis. While there was no significant difference in Bmax between patients with serious suicidal ideation and those who made suicidal attempts, both groups had significantly higher Bmax than normal comparison subjects.The observed higher number of platelet 5-HT2A receptors in suicidal patients is independent of diagnosis and appears to be associated with both the brain and the platelets of suicidal patients. These results thus suggest the potential usefulness of platelet 5-HT2A receptors as a biological marker for identifying suicide-prone patients.
Abstract 18335: The Heart in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Mouse Model (mdx Mice) Loses Beta-Adrenergic Reserve at Early Age Before the Onset of Heart Failure
Authors: Zhengzhou Li, Ying Li, Xiaoying Zhang, Xiaojie Ai, Li Zhang, Christopher Szeto, Shuping Ge, Xiongwen Chen
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a hereditary X-linked recessive disease that resulted from the mutation of dystrophin. Cardiac dysfunctions of this disease include heart failure and arrhythmias. The deterioration of cardiac function is manifested at the age of 6 months (6m). β-adrenergic stress test has been used to evaluate cardiac reserve in humans but so far not used for mdx patients. We studied cardiac β-adrenergic reserve to evaluate cardiac function alteration in mdx mice. Methods: Cardiac function of mdx mice and control (CTR) mice at different ages at baseline and post isoproterenol (a β-adrenergic agonist) stress was evaluated with in vivo echocardiography (ECHO), invasive intra-LV hemodynamic and ex vivo Langendorff measurements. Results: (1). Conventional M-mode ECHO analysis did not uncover differences in cardiac ejection fraction and fractional shortening at baseline between mdx mice and CTR mice before the age of 6m but ISO induced increases in LV ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS) were lower in mdx mice as early as the age of 3m; (2). At baseline, speckle-tracing strain analysis had higher detection power for cardiac abnormalities and showed a subtle differences (Lateral strain of the endomyocardium: mdx 16.4% vs. control 18.4%) in myocardium contractility at baseline as early as 3m; with combination of ISO-stress and speckle-tracing strain analysis, reduced cardiac responses was very significantly at the age as young as 3m; (3). In vivo intra-LV hemodynamic measurements showed a reduction in dp/dt (21% ) and -dp/dt (30%) at the age of 8m; ISO responses was completely blunted in mdx mice at the age of 8 m and reduced in 4m mdx mice; (4). Ex vivo Langendorff studies showed that 4m mdx mouse hearts had marked decreased dp/dt and -dp/dt and after ISO, the difference was even larger (&gt;35%). The dose-response curve shows that the mdx mouse hearts are less sensitive to ISO. Conclusion: Although basal cardiac function looked normal in mdx mice before the age of 6m, Langendorff preparations and subtle speckle tracking ECHO analysis reveal cardiac function depression in younger mdx mice. β-adrenergic stress further brings out the difference in cardiac reserve of mdx mice as young as 3m. ZL and YL contributed to this study equally.
Contrasting Patterns in the Early Stage of SARS-CoV-2 Evolution between Humans and Minks
Authors: Jui-Hung Tai, Hsiao-Yu Sun, Yi-Cheng Tseng, Guanghao Li, Sui-Yuan Chang, Shiou-Hwei Yeh, Pei-Jer Chen, Shu-Miaw Chaw, Hurng-Yi Wang
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2022)

Abstract One of the unique features of SARS-CoV-2 is its apparent neutral evolution during the early pandemic (before February 2020). This contrasts with the preceding SARS-CoV epidemics, where viruses evolved adaptively. SARS-CoV-2 may exhibit a unique or adaptive feature which deviates from other coronaviruses. Alternatively, the virus may have been cryptically circulating in humans for a sufficient time to have acquired adaptive changes before the onset of the current pandemic. To test the scenarios above, we analyzed the SARS-CoV-2 sequences from minks (Neovision vision) and parental humans. In the early phase of the mink epidemic (April to May 2020), nonsynonymous to synonymous mutation ratio per site in the spike protein is 2.93, indicating a selection process favoring adaptive amino acid changes. Mutations in the spike protein were concentrated within its receptor-binding domain and receptor-binding motif. An excess of high-frequency derived variants produced by genetic hitchhiking was found during the middle (June to July 2020) and late phase I (August to September 2020) of the mink epidemic. In contrast, the site frequency spectra of early SARS-CoV-2 in humans only show an excess of low-frequency mutations, consistent with the recent outbreak of the virus. Strong positive selection in the mink SARS-CoV-2 implies that the virus may not be preadapted to a wide range of hosts and illustrates how a virus evolves to establish a continuous infection in a new host. Therefore, the lack of positive selection signal during the early pandemic in humans deserves further investigation.
Impact of diabetes, obesity, and dyslipidemia on the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic liver diseases
Authors: Hwang Sik Shin, Baek Gyu Jun, Sang-Wook Yi
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2022)

Despite the increasing prevalence of metabolic disorders, the potential effects of metabolic factors on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development in individuals with chronic liver diseases (CLDs) are not well understood. For a metabolic factor to be identified as a risk factor for HCC in patients with CLDs, such as hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, there should be a strong synergistic interaction between the carcinogenic mechanisms of the metabolic factor and the CLD itself. This review aims to comprehensively summarize the published data on the relationship between metabolic factors such as diabetes mellitus (DM), obesity, and blood lipids and the risk of HCC in patients with CLDs. DM consistently increases the risk of HCC in patients with CLD. When associated with DM, the risk of HCC seems to be highest in HCV and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), followed by alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and HBV. Obesity may increase the risk of HCC. Among CLDs, the evidence is relatively consistent and clear for ALD, while clear evidence is limited in other CLDs including HBV, HCV, and NAFLD. Total cholesterol, potentially low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride, seems to have strong inverse associations with HCC in individuals with CLDs. Despite evidence from observational studies, statins had no effect in preventing HCC in randomized controlled trials. Whether statins have a preventive effect against HCC is unclear. A better understanding and management of metabolic factors may be beneficial to reduce the risk of HCC in patients with CLDs.
The effect of probiotic and synbiotic supplementation on lipid parameters among patients with cardiometabolic risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials
Authors: Zeinab Ghorbani, Asma Kazemi, Theda U.P. Bartolomaeus, Fahimeh Martami, Morvarid Noormohammadi, Arsalan Salari, Ulrike Löber, Heydar Ali Balou, Sofia K. Forslund, Marjan Mahdavi-Roshan
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2022)

Abstract Although the available evidence emphasizes the beneficial effects of probiotics in normalizing various cardiometabolic markers, there is still substantial uncertainty in this regard. Thus, we set out to determine the effect sizes of probiotics on blood lipid parameters more coherently. A systematic literature search of the Medline (PubMed) and Scopus databases was conducted from inception to 12 February 2021, applying both MeSH terms and free text terms to find the relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The meta-analysis was conducted based on a random-effect model to calculate the mean effect sizes demonstrated as weighted mean differences (WMDs) and the 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). To explore the heterogeneity, the Cochrane χ2 test, and analysis of Galbraith plots were performed. Meta-analysis of data from 40 RCTs (n = 2795) indicated a significant decrease in serum/plasma triglyceride [WMD (95% CI) = –12.26 (–17.11 to –7.41) mg/dL; P-value &amp;lt;0.001; I2 (%) = 29.9; P heterogeneity = 0.034], total cholesterol (with high heterogeneity) (WMD (95% CI) = –8.43 (–11.90 to –4.95) mg/dL; P-value &amp;lt;0.001; I2 (%) = 56.8; P heterogeneity &amp;lt; 0.001), LDL-C [WMD (95% CI) = –5.08 (–7.61, –2.56) mg/dL; P-value &amp;lt;0.001; I2 (%) = 42.7; P heterogeneity = 0.002], and HDL-C (with high heterogeneity) (WMD (95% CI) = 1.14 (0.23, 2.05) mg/dL; P-value = 0.014; I2 (%) = 59.8; P heterogeneity &amp;lt; 0.001) following receiving probiotic/synbiotic supplements. Collectively, the current preliminary evidence supports the effectiveness of probiotics/synbiotics in improving dyslipidaemia and various lipid parameters more prominently among subjects with hyperlipidaemia, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. However, large and well conducted RCTs are required to provide further convincing support for these results.
Current Medical Literature
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Regenerative antibacterial hydrogels from medicinal molecule for diabetic wound repair
Authors: Chunxiao Chai, Pengfei Zhang, Lin Ma, Qi Fan, Zhicheng Liu, Xiang Cheng, Yunpeng Zhao, Weiwei Li, Jingcheng Hao
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2022)

Hydrogel products for chronic diabetic wounds, a serious and prevalent complication of diabetes, show limited effects on disability and remain nonspecific. Thus, improvements in the usage of pharmaceutical molecule in the hydrogels are highly desirable to increase the therapeutic effect of hydrogels. In this study, thioctic acid (a common medicine molecule in diabetes treatment) is used for preparing regenerative antibacterial hydrogels (RAH) which contains in situ synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The RAH shows regenerative, self-healing and injectable ability, because of the reversible hydrogen and coordination bonds. With good regenerative capacity, RAH can be stored as powder to avoid the water loss and facilitate storage availability. Owing to the antioxidant properties of thioctic acid, the RAH can decrease the oxidative damage and retain cell proliferation efficiency. Due to the in situ synthesized AgNPs, the RAH also exhibits extraordinary antimicrobial capacities against MDR bacteria. All of these superiorities enable RAH to be a promising therapy for chronic diabetic wounds.
Sprayable Antibacterial Hydrogels by Simply Mixing of Aminoglycoside Antibiotics and Cellulose Nanocrystals for the Treatment of Infected Wounds
Authors: Lin Li, Xuejing Cheng, Quan Huang, Yiyun Cheng, Jianru Xiao, Jingjing Hu
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2022)

Antibiotic hydrogels with sustained release profiles are recognized as promising candidates to treat local bacterial infections with reduced adverse effects. However, it still remains challenging for clinical translation of these antibiotic gels due to safety concern of gel ingredients, complicated synthesis and fabrication procedures, and unsatisfactory rheological properties for practical uses in vivo. Herein, the preparation of a type of sprayable hydrogels by ionic interactions between aminoglycosides and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) is proposed for the treatment of local infections such as bacteria-infected wounds. The CNC-based hydrogels are applicable for all kinds of aminoglycoside antibiotics and show excellent gel stability and rheological behaviors such as shear thinning and fast self-healing, allowing facile administration by injection or spraying. The hydrogels exhibit efficient antibacterial activity both in vitro and in vivo, and accelerate bacteria-infected wounds by spraying on the infected area. The proposed hydrogels by simply mixing of aminoglycosides and CNC provide great prospects for clinical translation in the treatment of local infections.
High Perceived Stress is Associated With Increased Risk of Ulcerative Colitis Clinical Flares
Authors: Jenny S. Sauk, Hyo Jin Ryu, Jennifer S. Labus, Ariela Khandadash, Aaron I. Ahdoot, Venu Lagishetty, William Katzka, Hao Wang, Bruce Naliboff, Jonathan P. Jacobs, Emeran A. Mayer
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2022)

Although perceived stress (PS) has been associated with symptomatic flares in inflammatory bowel disease, clinical and physiological measures associated with perceived stress and flare are not known. The aim of this study was to identify physiological factors associated with perceived stress in ulcerative colitis (UC) subjects, and their relationship with flare.Patients with UC in clinical remission (Simple Colitis Clinical Activity Index [SCCAI] score <5) underwent clinical and behavioral assessments, morning salivary cortisol measurements, autonomic nervous system activity testing (heart rate variability, electrodermal activity) at baseline with patient-reported SCCAI every 2 weeks over 1 to 2 years and fecal calprotectin at time of flare. Clinical flares (SCCAI ≥5) and biochemical flares (SCCAI ≥5 with fecal calprotectin ≥250 μg/g) were evaluated.One hundred ten patients with UC were enrolled, with mean follow-up of 65.6 weeks. Patients with UC with higher and lower PS were determined. Although the high PS group had 3.6 times higher odds of a clinical flare than the low PS group, no significant differences in biochemical flares were observed between the low and high PS groups. The high vs low PS group differed in tonic sympathetic arousal as indexed by significantly greater baseline electrodermal activity (4.3 vs 3.4 microsiemens; P = .026) in the high PS group, but not in terms of heart rate variability and morning cortisol levels. Increased fecal calprotectin was associated with cardioautonomic measures, suggesting lower parasympathetic activity.Increased PS assessed at baseline is associated with tonic sympathetic arousal and greater odds of clinical flares in patients with UC.
Electroencephalogram-based cognitive load level classification using wavelet decomposition and support vector machine
Authors: Farzana Khanam, A.B.M. Aowlad Hossain, Mohiuddin Ahmad
Journal: Brain-Computer Interfaces (2022)

Cognitive load level identification is an interesting challenge in the field of brain-computer-interface. The sole objective of this work is to classify different cognitive load levels from multichannel electroencephalogram (EEG) which is computationally though-provoking task. This proposed work utilized discrete wavelet transform (DWT) to decompose the EEG signal for extracting the non-stationary features of task-wise EEG signals. Furthermore, a support vector machine (SVM) implemented to classify the task from the DWT-based extracted features. . The proposed methodology has been implemented on a renowned EEG dataset that captured three levels of cognitive load from the n-back test. In this work, two different approaches: i) Low vs High cognitive load (0-back vs [2-back+3-back]) and ii) Low vs Medium vs High (0-back vs 2-back vs 3-back) are investigated for the performance measurement. The linear SVM achieved the highest average classification accuracy that is 77.20 ± 6.63 and 87.89 ± 7.3 for 3-class and 2-class approaches, respectively.
A computational framework for discovering digital biomarkers of glycemic control
Authors: Abigail Bartolome, Temiloluwa Prioleau
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2022)

Digital biomarkers can radically transform the standard of care for chronic conditions that are complex to manage. In this work, we propose a scalable computational framework for discovering digital biomarkers of glycemic control. As a feasibility study, we leveraged over 79,000 days of digital data to define objective features, model the impact of each feature, classify glycemic control, and identify the most impactful digital biomarkers. Our research shows that glycemic control varies by age group, and was worse in the youngest population of subjects between the ages of 2-14. In addition, digital biomarkers like prior-day time above range and prior-day time in range, as well as total daily bolus and total daily basal were most predictive of impending glycemic control. With a combination of the top-ranked digital biomarkers, we achieved an average F1 score of 82.4% and 89.7% for classifying next-day glycemic control across two unique datasets.