tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PTU-116 Exploring the Association between Genetic Polymorphisms and Swallowing Motor Cortex Excitability Induced by Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation: Is Response Predicted by Genetic Predisposition?
Authors: A Raginis-Zborowska, S Hamdy, E Michou, N Pendleton
Journal: Gut (2016)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Non-invasive brain stimulation such as repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) is used to manipulate excitability in the swallowing motor cortex. However, the molecular mechanisms controlling this excitability remain unknown. Swallowing neurophysiology and impairments might be in part driven by genes. The aim of this study was to determine whether the variability in excitability after 1 Hz and 5 Hz rTMS within the pharyngeal motor cortex might be affected by putative selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). <h3>Methods</h3> 11 SNPs from 7 genes (<i>BDNF, COMT, TRKB, APOE, DRD2, GRIN2B</i> and <i>GRIN1</i>) were selected a priori to explore possible link between neurophysiological outcomes after rTMS intervention with high (5 Hz) and low (1 Hz) frequencies. A total of 41 healthy young (mean age 25.4 ± 4.6 years) volunteers were investigated. All subjects were assessed for corticobulbar excitability after single-pulse TMS. Repeated measurements of motor evoked potentials (MEPs) from the pharynx were recorded before and for up to one hour after the interventions of 1 Hz and 5 Hz rTMS. Salivary DNA was collected and process post-hoc and SNPs correlated with pharyngeal MEPs and interventions (1 vs. 5 Hz rTMS). <h3>Results</h3> Non-carriers of the minor G allele from SNP rs6269 from <i>COMT</i> gene are more likely to be non-responders (<i>P</i>-value =0.026), while those carrying G allele are more likely have inhibitory and excitatory outcomes after delivering 1 Hz and 5 Hz rTMS. Cross-tabulation analysis with chi square indicated there was a significant difference between 5 Hz rTMS outcome and one SNP - <i>DRD2</i> rs1800497: specifically carriers of minor allele A from this <i>DRD2 </i>gene were more strongly inhibited (<i>P</i>-value =0.03) while non-carriers were more likely to represent non-responders. <h3>Conclusion</h3> We now report possible evidence for genetic associations with the neuromuscular control of swallowing influenced by rTMS paradigms. Two SNPs from <i>COMT</i> and <i>DRD2</i> genes appear to play a role in pharyngeal cortex excitability depending on the stimulation applied. Further research is needed to establish more detailed information which might be used in developing more stratified approach in the field of dysphagia therapy with non-invasive brain stimulation. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Terms of engraftment: umbilical cord blood transplants arouse enthusiasm
Authors: J. Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (1995)

AN EVER-GROWING number of transplants using blood harvested from the placenta and umbilical cord of newborn infants are pointing the way toward a new approach for treating cancer, serious blood disorders, and perhaps a range of other illnesses, from inherited diseases to AIDS. The reason cord blood holds such promise is that it contains the same vital stem and progenitor hematopoietic cells found in bone marrow. These key cells, whether from marrow or cord blood, have the potential to "self-renew," or regenerate themselves, and to differentiate into the entire menagerie of blood cells required by the body. However, there is increasing evidence that cord blood provides some distinct advantages, both logistic and biological, over bone marrow transplants. For example, cord blood can be obtained noninvasively at the time of delivery and stored for months or years, available on demand for later use—either by the donor, if he or she later
P2.03-12 EGFR and ERBB2 Germline Mutations in Chinese Lung Cancer Patients and Their Roles in Genetic Susceptibility to Cancer
Authors: S. Lu, Y. Yu, Z. Li, Y.W. Shao, X. Wu, Y. Ding, H. Bao, H. Jian
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2018)
Occlusion of the Superior Mesenteric Artery.
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Ethics
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Authors’ Reply
Authors: Magdalene M. Assimon, Jennifer E. Flythe
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2019)

We thank Chilcot and Farrington1 for their interest in our paper2 and thoughtful comments surrounding the treatment of depression in hemodialysis patients. We agree with the letter writers that our observational study was not designed to evaluate the effect of antidepressant pharmacotherapy (versus no treatment) on mortality among individuals with hemodialysis-dependent ESRD. Under our active comparator new-user design, we could only conclude that the initiation of a higher (citalopram and escitalopram) versus lower (fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine, and sertraline) QT-prolonging potential selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) was associated with a higher risk of sudden cardiac death.2 Our study was designed to reflect a clinician’s decision to prescribe an SSRI with higher versus lower QT-prolonging potential to a hemodialysis patient (i.e., a treatment choice encountered in real-world practice).2–4 The study provides population-specific safety information that clinicians can consider when prescribing SSRI therapy to hemodialysis patients. Disclosures Dr. Assimon and Dr. Flythe have received investigator-initiated research funding from the Renal Research Institute, a subsidiary of Fresenius Medical Care, North America. In the last 2 years, Dr. Flythe has received speaking honoraria from American Renal Associates; the American Society of Nephrology; Dialysis Clinic, Inc.; the National Kidney Foundation; and multiple universities. Dr. Flythe is on the medical advisory board of NxStage Medical, Inc. and has received consulting fees from Fresenius Medical Care, North America.
Poster discussion II
Authors: J M8ssner, A Muhlpfordt, R Secknus, W Fischbach, C Mckay, G Gallagher, C Imrie, J Baxter
Journal: Gut (1993)

Introduction:Many of the early clinical features of severe acute pancreatitis are similar to those seen in patients with sepsis.Although tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFa) has been linked with the pathophysiology of septic shock, its role in acute pancreatitis is unknown.In order to study this further, and avoid the pitfalls associated with plasma TNFa measurement, we have measured the secretion of TNFa by monocytes isolated from 21 patients with prognostically severe, acute
Oxidative Stress in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: N. A. Simonian
Journal: The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology (1996)

Heme oxygenases (HO) catabolize free heme, that is, iron (Fe) protoporphyrin (IX), into equimolar amounts of Fe2+, carbon monoxide (CO), and biliverdin. The stress-responsive HO-1 isoenzyme affords protection against programmed cell death. The mechanism ...Read More
Mycology
Authors: Otis Field Jillson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1953)

Intermediate Mycoses Sporotrichosis It is essential to be constantly alert to diagnose diseases that have a specific form of therapy. Sporotrichosis is such a disease. It responds dramatically, with the rarest of exceptions, to internal iodides. This is doubly important because sporotrichosis has appeared in epidemic form during the last decade, over 2000 cases appearing in a group of mine workers in Africa.127 The lymphangitic form128 is well known, but of recent years much stress has been placed on the atypical, aberrant types of the disease.129-134 Sporotrichosis may simulate a chronic wart,127,131,134 a furuncle127-130 or epithelioma. . . .
Race and Crack Cocaine
Authors: Robert Flewelling
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —In their recent article Lillie-Blanton et al<sup>1</sup>rightly point out the need for epidemiologic research on substance abuse to go beyond the reporting of unadjusted racial/ ethnic differences. Race/ethnic data, or subgroup data of any type, should be accompanied by commentary stating that basic descriptive data are not sufficient and are not intended to identify underlying etiologic processes. We are pleased to see the authors use the National Household Survey on Drug Abuse (NHSDA) as a research tool for this study, demonstrating its potential for providing insights beyond those provided by the standard statistical reports published by the federal government. As managers of the NHSDA, we encourage analysis of the data and are prepared to make it available to other researchers. Although we do not dispute their conclusions, we have some concerns regarding the methods used by Lillie-Blanton and colleagues. We feel that their analysis does
Approaches to the Formulation of Standards for Carcinogenic Substances in the Environment
Authors: N. Ya. Yanysheva, Yu. G. Antomonov, R. E. Albert, B. Altshuler, L. Friedman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1979)

After having agreed that standards are necessary for carcinogens that cannot be completely eliminated from the environment, two exchange groups in the U.S.S.R.-U.S. Cooperative present their different approaches to the problem. The Russian groups has recommended a benzypyrene standard of 0.1 microgram/100m3 of atmospheric air over populated regions and gives its experimental basis and theoretical rationale in the first part of this joint paper. Lifetime experiments in adult rats over a wide range of dose levels permit the determination of a largest ineffective dose level with respect the theoretical time of first tumor as well as incidence. The standard is set by extrapolation based on body weight and uses a safety factor of 10 to account for the additional susceptibility in embryogenesis and childhood. The U. S. group presents a mathematical model of time-to-tumor occurrence which permits the prediction of population incidence and life span shortening from time-to-tumor data in animals or man. It assumes the distribution of mortality-corrected time to tumor is lognormal with the nth power of time inversely proportional to dose and with dose independence of the variability of the logarithm of time to tumor. The prediction is made by combining this distribution, fitted to the data, with population mortality tables. Both groups emphasize that substantial research efforts are necessary to improve the scientific basis for setting standards.
A Program for the Nursing Profession
Journal: JAMA (1949)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract P221: Genome-wide Association Study Evaluating Genetic Determinants of Rosuvastatin Effects on Lp-PLA <sub>2</sub> Mass and Activity
Authors: Audrey Y Chu, Franco Guilianini, Bryan J Barratt, Fredrik Nyberg, Daniel I Chasman, Paul M Ridker
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Aims: Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA 2 ) is a pro-inflammatory enzyme bound to LDL-C and other lipoproteins in circulation that is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. There is little data regarding genetic determinants of Lp-PLA 2 mass and activity, and no prior data are available addressing genetic determinants of statin-induced changes for this inflammatory biomarker. Methods and Results: We performed a genome-wide association study of Lp-PLA 2 mass and activity at baseline and after 12 months of rosuvastatin therapy (20 mg/day) among 6,851 participants of European ancestry from the JUPITER trial. Genome-wide associations (p&lt;5x10 -8 ) were identified in GCKR and CETP for baseline Lp-PLA 2 mass, and at MS4A4E and the APOC1 - APOE locus for baseline Lp-PLA 2 activity. A variant in PLA2G7 , the gene encoding the Lp-PLA 2 enzyme was associated with Lp-PLA2 activity (p=3.1x10 -7 ) at a sub-genome-wide significance (p&lt;5x10 -6 ); this association attained genome-wide significance after adjusting for either baseline apoB (p=2.9x10 -8 ) or HDL-C levels (p=2.5x10 -9 ). Two other sub-genome-wide associations with Lp-PLA 2 activity attained genome-wide significance after adjusting for baseline lipoproteins: at the PSRC1 - SORT1 locus (before adjustment, p=8.3x10 -7 ; adjusting for triglycerides, p=3.4x10 -8 ) and the TMEM49 locus (before adjustment p=3.8x10 -6 , adjusting for HDL-C p=1.4x10 -8 ). Among 2,673 statin-allocated participants, median reductions were approximately 30% for Lp-PLA 2 mass and activity (versus ~50% for LDL-C) after 12 months of statin therapy (all p-values &lt;0.001). Variants in ABCG2 and LPA were associated with statin-induced change in Lp-PLA 2 activity at genome-wide significance, and associations at sub-genome-wide significance (p&lt;5x10 -6 ) were observed for EDG7 , C14orf177 , NOX5 , AP3B2 and RNF213 . All associations, with the exception of AP3B2 , were substantially attenuated after adjustment for statin induced changes in LDL-C or apoB. Conclusion: Genome-wide associations at the MS4A4E and TMEM49 loci may reflect novel influences on circulating levels of Lp-PLA 2 activity. In addition, genome-wide determinants of rosuvastatin-induced change in Lp-PLA 2 activity were observed in ABCG2 and LPA , likely due to their impact on statin-induced LDL-C reduction.
The diagnosis and management of the Budd-Chiari syndrome: Consensus and controversies
Authors: Dominique-Charles Valla
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

udd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is a rare, heterogeneous, and potentially lethal condition related to the obstruction of the hepatic venous outflow tract.Infrequency and heterogeneous clinical presentations have resulted in many areas of diagnosis and management being vigorously debated.The purpose of this report is to review controversies as well as areas of consensus regarding primary BCS ( i e ., BCS unrelated to obstruction by a tumor).Heart failure and sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (formerly known as veno-occlusive disease) also impair hepatic venous outflow and share many features with BCS, but they are considered separately as causes and treatments are different.
Incorrect Data in Table and Figures
Authors: Mihai Gheorghiade
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Maurice W. Dysken, MD; Mary Sano, PhD; Sanjay Asthana, MD; Julia E. Vertrees, PharmD, BCPP; Muralidhar Pallaki, MD; Maria Llorente, MD; Susan Love, MA; Gerard D. Schellenberg, PhD; J. Riley McCarten, MD; Julie Malphurs, PhD; Susana Prieto, MD; Peijun Chen, MD, MPH, PhD; David J. Loreck, MD; George Trapp, MD, JD; Rajbir S. Bakshi, MD; Jacobo E. Mintzer, MD; Judith L. Heidebrink, MD; Ana Vidal-Cardona, MD; Lillian M. Arroyo, MD; Angel R. Cruz, MD; Sally Zachariah, MD; Neil W. Kowall, MD; Mohit P. Chopra, MD; Suzanne Craft, PhD; Stephen Thielke, MD; Carolyn L. Turvey, PhD; Catherine Woodman, MD; Kimberly A. Monnell, MD; Kimberly Gordon, MSN, RN, FNP-BC; Julie Tomaska, PhD; Yoav Segal, MD, PhD; Peter N. Peduzzi, PhD; Peter D. Guarino, MPH, PhD
Pulse
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
European Perspectives
Journal: Circulation (2013)

U949, EFS-Alsace, France, investigates the interaction of blood platelets with extracellular matrix proteins in the vessel wall.His latest article in Circulation titled "Integrin α6β1 Is the Main Receptor for Vascular Laminins and Plays a Role in Platelet Adhesion, Activation, and Arterial Thrombosis," reveals an unsuspected important contribution of laminins to thrombus formation in vivo and suggests that targeting their main receptor, integrin α6β1, could represent an alternative antithrombotic strategy with a potentially low bleeding risk. 1 Although integrin α6β1 is a known platelet receptor for laminins, its importance in haemostasis and arterial thrombosis remained unclear."We developed a mouse that does not express integrin α6β1 on platelets," Dr Mangin explains."We showed that this receptor appears to play a minor role in haemostasis but is involved in thrombus formation after superficial vascular injury.Its importance in arterial thrombosis remains to be established, but this receptor could play a role because atherosclerotic plaques contain high levels of reactive laminins."Dr Mangin comments that the risk of bleeding associated with current antiplatelet drugs because they target the haemostatic functions of platelets is a major drawback and that a key question is: Would it be possible to target thrombosis without impairing haemostasis?He says, "The main difference between haemostasis and thrombosis is that thrombosis occurs in a diseased vessel with a thickened wall due to atherosclerotic plaque formation.We believe targeting platelet-reactive proteins that are strongly expressed in an atherosclerotic plaque but are absent from the healthy vessel wall would represent a safe antithrombotic strategy.Two years ago we identified tenascin-C as an atherosclerotic plaque protein that supports efficient platelet adhesion and activation.We are now trying to evaluate the importance of this protein in arterial thrombosis to provide the proof of concept."This research resulted in a particularly enjoyable
Bridging to survivorship in breast cancer: Learning how treatment impacts mental health among early-stage breast cancer survivors.
Authors: Debra A. Patt, Janet L. Espirito, Robyn K. Harrell, Brian Turnwald, Debajyoti Bhowmik, Barry Don Brooks, Neelima Denduluri, J. Russell Hoverman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

33 Background: Depression (D) and anxiety (A) complicate survivorship in breast cancer (BC) patients (pts). The prevalence of D and A after BC treatment (Tx) in the community and concordance with BC Tx type is poorly described, but vitally important to characterize risks of Tx and optimize support for BC pts and goals for survivorship care planning. Methods: We queried the electronic health record (EHR), iKnowMed, from a a large network of community oncology practices for pts treated with stage I-III breast cancer from 2007-2010 with at least 5 visits and follow up through 2012 for our retrospective study. We excluded pts who developed metastatic disease or died. We stratified pts by chemotherapy (CT) utilization (yes/no),hormone receptor (HR) status, age, and documented body mass index (BMI) at diagnosis, and post diagnosis development of D (y/n), A (y/n) or utilization of venlafaxine (E) like antidepressants (Ads), non-E like Ads or anti-A medications within the study period. Time to onset of A or D was analyzed using Cox proportional hazard methodology. Results: We identified 8,506 patients with a documented BMI at 1, 2, and 3 years (yrs) post diagnosis. 4,369 (51%) of patients received adjuvant CT and 4,137 (49%) did not. Baseline characteristics were similar between tx groups, and active D or A was low at the time of dx, but as a whole rose to 41% during the study period. Pts with pre-existing D or A at the time of diagnosis were excluded. CT increases the risk of D or A (HR: 1.23, CI: 1.15-1.33). HR+ status also increases the risk of D or A (HR: 1.21, CI:1.11-1.32). Age conveyed a small diminished risk of D or A (HR: 0.98, CI: 0.98-0.99) while baseline BMI conveyed a small increased risk (HR: 1.02, CI 1.01-1.3). When excluding E like compounds that are often used to treat hot flashes in BC pts, CT was still found to have an increased risk of D or A (HR: 1.28, CI: 1.18-1.39), and HR+ was still associated with higher risk of D or A as well (HR: 1.11, CI: 1.01-1.22). Conclusions: Mental health disorders such as D and A are common among BC survivors, and more prevalent among BC survivors who received CT and have HR+ disease. This warrants further investigation on how to evaluate and support the mental health needs of BC survivors.