tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Highlights of This Issue
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Foretinib is a multikinase inhibitor that targets tumor proliferation through inhibition of Met, and angiogenesis through inhibition of VEGFR2, Tie-2, and PDGF. Eder and colleagues performed a first-inhuman, phase I, dose-escalation trial of oral foretinib. They established that a dose up to 3.6 mg/kg for 5 consecutive days of a 14-day cycle was acceptable for phase II trials. Furthermore, this dose and schedule demonstrated significant evidence of biologic activity and clinical efficacy. Reversible elevations in serum AST and lipase were the dose-limiting toxicities. These findings support plans to investigate alternative schedules, and to explore activity where Met or angiogenesis drive tumors.Stratification of melanoma patients into subclasses based on molecular patterns could lead to more accurate prognosis and prediction of treatment response. Jönsson and colleagues used global expression profiling to classify stage IV melanomas into four subtypes. Different subtypes were associated with distinct biological parameters such as pigmentation and immune response. Importantly, the classification displayed significant correlation to clinical outcome, with the proliferative subtype predicting a poor prognosis. This molecular classification scheme should be explored further for application to the prognosis and treatment of metastatic melanoma patients.VEGF signaling is active in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and is likely to play a critical role in cell-microevironment interactions. In this issue, Paesler and colleagues demonstrate that two VEGF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors, vatalanib and pazopanib, possess a direct cytotoxic effect on CLL cells, which is mediated via regular apoptotic signaling. Low concentrations of each drug combined with conventional cytostatics like fludarabine resulted in an additive effect. Further, both compounds led to a substantial tumor reduction in a CLL-like xenograft nude mouse model. These findings serve as a rationale to test vatalanib and pazopanib, either alone or combined with conventional cytostatics, in human CLL.Limited information is available regarding glioma etiology and prognostic factors that influence patient survival. Using a novel murine glioma model, Fujita and colleagues show here that the absence of type-1 interferon (IFN) signaling caused dynamic changes in the immunological microenvironment of murine gliomas, thereby accelerating tumor growth. These data led to the identification of SNPs in IFNAR1 and IFNA8 that were associated with altered survival of glioma patients. This study demonstrates how a multipronged approach using both a murine model and human genetics may foster the identification of novel risk and/or prognostic factors for gliomas.
Approach to the Patient With "Idiopathic Edema" or "Periodic Swelling"
Authors: George W. Thorn
Journal: JAMA (1968)

The presence of edema implies, by definition, an increase in extracellular fluid and its principal mineral constituents, sodium and chloride. "Periodic swelling" identifies a physicopsychologic syndrome which occurs almost exclusively in adult females.<sup>1</sup>It is characterized by periodic bouts of swelling and abdominal distention in the absence of demonstrable cardiac, hepatic, or renal disease or abnormalities in serum protein levels. It is often associated with headache, increased irritability, and depression. The symptoms are frequently accentuated by hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, and postural hypotension secondary to excessive use of diuretics. <h3>Pathophysiology</h3> Hormones which regulate salt and water balance do so predominantly through their action on the kidney. The secretory regulation of these particular humoral agents is known to be closely related to stimuli which enter the central nervous system. <h3>Antidiuretic Hormone.—</h3> The antidiuretic hormone, ADH or vasopressin, is an octapeptide which is secreted by neurons which arise in the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei
Widespread microsatellite instability in sebaceous tumours of patients with the Muir-Torre syndrome
Authors: K. PERIS, M.T. ONORATI, G. KELLER, F. MAGRINI, P. DONATI, L. MUSCARDIN, H. HÖFLER, S. CHIMENTI
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

Muir‐Torre syndrome (MTS) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the presence of at least one sebaceous gland tumour and a minimum of one visceral malignant tumour. Recently, microsatellite instability (MSI) has been detected in the tumours of patients with MTS and germline mutations of the hMSH2 and hMLH1 mismatch repair genes have been detected in some patients with this syndrome. To determine if the tumours of patients with MTS have widespread genomic instability and whether loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in the chromosomal regions containing hMSH2 and hMLH1 is detectable. MSI and LOH were examined at 10 dinucleotide repeats on chromosomes 2p, 3p, 5q, 9p, 17p and 18q. Data were obtained from six sebaceous gland tumours and two adenocarcinomas of the colon from three patients of two Muir‐Torre families. MSI was detected at more than half of the loci tested in all sebaceous tumours examined. In addition, there was LOH at D2S119 in one sebaceoma and one sebaceous carcinoma from one patient. The colon carcinomas from two patients showed MSI at five of the 10 loci analysed. These results show that widespread MSI is a feature of tumours in patients with MTS. In addition, the finding of LOH at D2S119, a marker located in the vicinity of hMSH2, in sebaceous tumours of one patient indicates that this gene may have a pathogenetic role in this patient.
The Care of the Baby. A Manual for Mothers and Nurses Containing Practical Directions for the Management of Infancy and Childhood in Health and in Disease.
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Lusitropic effects of a Ca2+ sensitization with a new cardiotonic agent, MCI-154, on diseased human hearts
Authors: M. Mori, M. Takeuchi, H. Takaoka, M. Yokoyama
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1995)

Journal Article Lusitropic effects of a Ca2+ sensitization with a new cardiotonic agent, MCI-154, on diseased human hearts Get access Masuki Mori, Masuki Mori 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Motoshi Takeuchi, Motoshi Takeuchi * 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650, Japan *Corresponding author. Tel. (+81-78) 341-7541; Fax (+81-78) 341-1390. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Hideyuki Takaoka, Hideyuki Takaoka 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Mitsuhiro Yokoyama Mitsuhiro Yokoyama 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 30, Issue 6, December 1995, Pages 915–922, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6363(95)00140-9 Published: 01 December 1995 Article history Received: 17 January 1995 Accepted: 11 July 1995 Published: 01 December 1995
Over half of cases of transfusion error involve giving the wrong blood
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Community care of long stay psychiatric patients presents few problems Some attribute the increasing number of homeless people in Britain and the high profile killings by mentally ill people to the closure of psychiatric hospitals and the lack of alternative care.On the basis of a 13 year follow up study, Trieman et al (p 13) show the outcomes for former patients of two psychiatric hospitals and dispel some of the main concerns about their fate in the community.The authors say that a change in policy towards custodial care is unjustified as much as it is unrealistic.
Measurement of Rubella Antibody in Immunoglobulin: its Disappearance from the Blood after Injection: Report of the Public Health Laboratory Service Working Party on Rubella
Journal: BMJ (1968)

Rubella antibody titrations were done on samples of human immunoglobulin by neutralization and haemagglutination-inhibition methods. No significant variation was found in the antibody content of different batches. The specificity of the methods was confirmed by tests on a batch of human globulin specially prepared from plasma samples lacking rubella antibody. Divided doses of immunoglobulin were given to volunteers who had no rubella antibody. Low titres were then detected in the blood for a limited period and the disappearance of this antibody was followed.
Medical Schools in the United States
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Evaluation of Medicaid Managed Care
Authors: Jane E. Sisk
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To evaluate the effects of managed care on Medicaid beneficiaries' satisfaction with, access to, and use of medical care during early implementation of an enrollment initiative. <h3>Design.</h3> —Cross-sectional survey of a random sample of Medicaid beneficiaries in 5 managed care plans and in the conventional Medicaid program. <h3>Setting.</h3> —New York, NY. <h3>Participants.</h3> —Adults aged 18 to 64 years who received Medicaid insurance benefits through Aid to Families With Dependent Children or State Home Relief and had been enrolled in a managed care plan or receiving benefits under conventional Medicaid for at least 6 months. Of the 2500 enrollees in managed care plans and the 600 other beneficiaries in conventional Medicaid whom we surveyed, 1038 enrollees and 410 nonenrollees responded. <h3>Outcome Measures.</h3> —Beneficiaries' ratings of overall satisfaction and 13 dimensions of satisfaction related to access, interpersonal and technical quality, and cost; reports of access, including regular source (location) of care, waiting time for appointment, waiting time in office, and ability to obtain care; and reports of use, including inpatient, emergency department, and ambulatory visits. <h3>Results.</h3> —Compared with beneficiaries in conventional Medicaid, managed care enrollees in general gave higher ratings of satisfaction. The results were not consistent, however, between the proportion who were extremely satisfied and the proportion who were extremely dissatisfied. Managed care enrollees had significantly greater odds of being extremely satisfied (excellent and very good ratings), but fewer differences were statistically significant for levels of extreme dissatisfaction (fair and poor ratings). With regard to access, managed care enrollees had significantly greater odds of having a usual source of care (odds ratio [OR], 2.33) and seeing the same clinician there (OR, 2.72) and had significantly shorter appointment and office waiting times. Managed care and conventional Medicaid beneficiaries reported no significant differences in obtaining or delays in getting needed care and in inpatient or emergency department use. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Medicaid managed care enrollees in New York City reported better access to care and higher levels of satisfaction compared with conventional Medicaid beneficiaries. Differences between these findings and those for privately insured populations highlight the pitfalls of generalizing from other groups to Medicaid for policy purposes. Given growing reliance on consumer satisfaction surveys for clinical and public policy, future research should focus on factors that explain extreme satisfaction vs extreme dissatisfaction. New York State's initiative, which has been associated with careful state and local monitoring, merits continuing evaluation as managed care enrollment grows and may become mandatory.
Expression of Developmentally Regulated Crypt Cell Antigens in Human and Rat Intestinal Tumors&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Andrea Quaroni, Milton M. Weiser, Stephen Lee, Don Amodeo
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1986)

The expression of 5 antigens specific for adult intestinal crypt cells and defined by monoclonal antibodies prepared to surface membrane components of the human colon tumor cell line CaCo-2 was studied during fetal and postnatal development of Sprague-Dawley rat small and large intestines. In the small intestine, all epithelial cells were stained during fetal life; antigen distribution became restricted to the crypt and lower villus cells in suckling animals and to the crypt cells after weaning. In the colon, these antigens could be detected only during a short period of development, comprising the last 3–4 days of fetal life and the first 8-10 days after birth. Expression of the antigens defined by this group of antibodies was investigated in rat intestinal tumors induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (CAS: 540-73-8) and in normal and diseased human colons. In rats, these antigens were detected in all poorly and moderately differentiated adenocarcinomas of the small and large intestines. In most specimens, antigen distribution was not uniform; intensely stained areas were surrounded by completely negative tumor regions. Antigen expression was less intense in well-differentiated tumors, and about half of the tumors were negative for antigen expression. A similar pattern of expression of these antigens was observed in all human colonic adenocarcinomas examined; all samples of normal colon, benign polyps, and inflammatory bowel diseases examined were negative. These results suggest that this group of monoclonal antibodies recognizes oncofetal rat antigens expressed in chemically induced rat intestinal tumors and human colonic adenocarcinomas.
Electron Microscope Observations on Virus Particles Associated With a Transplantable Renal Adenocarcinoma in BALB/cf/Cd Mice&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Bruno Felluga, Albert Claude, Emil Mrena
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1969)

Andervont established the BALB/cf strain of mice as a high mammary tumor strain by foster nursing original young BALB/c on C3H mothers. The occurrence of endemic adenocarcinoma in this strain was first reported from this laboratory in 1958. Since then, a substrain (BALB/cf/Cd) has been developed by inbreeding and selection, with a renal tumor incidence of 60–70%. The spontaneous tumors are transplantable and a number of renal tumor cell lines have been maintained by grafting. The present work is an electron microscope study of one of these cell lines, the C+T5, maintained through more than 200 consecutive grafting generations, particularly from the point of view of virus particles (VP) which have been found associated with the tumor cells. From their morphology, morphogenesis, and distribution in and outside the cell, these VP resemble virus particle types observed in mammary tumors and lymphomas of mice. They can be carried over in cells through the process of mitosis. The BALB/cf inbred substrain, which in our stock has retained the original high mammary tumor incidence, is free of renal tumors, whereas the new BALB/cf/Cd high renal-tumor strain can no longer produce mammary tumors. The VP described in this paper are quite different, in their morphology, localization, and morphogenesis, from the VP previously described in another transplantable renal tumor cell line of the original BALB/c strain.
Cefotaxime Failure in Group A Streptococcal Meningitis
Authors: Paul B. Iannini
Journal: JAMA (1982)

THE USE of cephalosporins in the therapy for bacterial meningitis has remained controversial, despite almost 20 years of clinical experience with this class of compounds. Cephalothin sodium, a first-generation cephalosporin, was initially reported to be effective in the therapy for staphylococcal and pneumococcal meningitis; however, further study verified the occurrence of meningitis caused by susceptible organisms during cephalothin therapy.<sup>1</sup>Similarly, the second-generation cephalosporin, cefamandole sodium, has been a failure in the therapy for highly susceptible strains of<i>Hemophilus influenzae</i>type B that cause meningitis.<sup>2</sup> Cefotaxime sodium, a third-generation cephalosporin, has been successfully used in the therapy for meningitis caused by<i>H influenzae</i>, group B streptococcus, meningococcus, and gram-negative rods in children.<sup>3</sup>Two adults with<i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>meningitis have also been cured by cefotaxime therapy.<sup>4</sup>The failure of cefotaxime to prevent or treat meningitis in a patient with group A streptococcal bacteremia is described. <h3>Report of a</h3>
Using Academic Health Centers to Help Avoid Health Care's Next Crisis
Authors: Roger J. Bulger
Journal: JAMA (1993)

WHEN Thomas Jefferson talked of a healthy population as a prerequisite for an effective and informed citizenry capable of sustaining the new American democracy, he was speaking of a public good, not another commercial enterprise. Our failure to adequately treat basic health care as a public good has left us in crisis. We seem as a society to be inundated with plans and talk about what to do about the current health care crisis—a crisis consisting of inadequate financial access to health care for a large segment of our population and of ever-escalating and uncontrolled costs for the services we do get. It would appear that we may be in danger of actually doing something about it; I use the word "danger" because none of the plans and none of the talk thus far say anything about how we expect to provide the care, especially to that 15% to 20%
The Value of Service Dogs for People With Severe Ambulatory Disabilities
Authors: Karen Allen
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To assess the value of service dogs for people with ambulatory disabilities. <h3>Design.</h3> —Randomized, controlled clinical trial. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Environments of study participants. <h3>Participants.</h3> —Forty-eight individuals with severe and chronic ambulatory disabilities requiring use of wheelchairs who were recruited from advocacy and support groups for persons with muscular dystrophy, multiple sclerosis, traumatic brain injury, and spinal cord injury. Participants were matched on age, sex, marital status, race, and the nature and severity of the disability in order to create 24 pairs. Within each pair, participants were randomly assigned to either the experimental group or a wait-list control group. <h3>Intervention.</h3> —Experimental group members received trained service dogs 1 month after the study began, and subjects in the wait-list control group received dogs in month 13 of the study. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Dependent variables evaluated were self-reported assessments of psychological well-being, internal locus of control, community integration, school attendance, part-time work status, self-esteem, marital status, living arrangements, and number of biweekly paid and unpaid assistance hours. Data collection occurred every 6 months over a 2-year period, resulting in five data collection points for all subjects. <h3>Results.</h3> —Significant positive changes in all but two dependent measures were associated with the presence of a service dog both between and within groups (<i>P</i>&lt;.001). Psychologically, all participants showed substantial improvements in self-esteem, internal locus of control, and psychological well-being within 6 months after receiving their service dog. Socially, all participants showed similar improvements in community integration. Demographically, all participants showed increases in school attendance and/or part-time employment. Economically, all participants showed dramatic decreases in the number of both paid and unpaid assistance hours. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Trained service dogs can be highly beneficial and potentially cost-effective components of independent living for people with physical disabilities. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1996;275:1001-1006)
The Doctor Takes a Holiday: An Autobiographical Fragment
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal