tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Over-the-Counter Niacin
Authors: Louis Lasagna
Journal: JAMA (1994)

In this issue ofThe JOURNAL, McKenney et al<sup>1</sup>report their experience with two different preparations of niacin in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. One version was an immediate-release (IR) preparation and the other a sustained-release (SR) preparation. The treatments differed significantly with regard to both safety and efficacy. While the SR and IR preparations had similar effects on serum triglyceride levels, SR niacin was better at reducing total serum cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, but IR was better at increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The explanation for these differences is not readily apparent. In terms of patient tolerance, both preparations left a lot to be desired. Many patients withdrew from the study because of adverse drug reactions, abnormal laboratory test results, or both. Only 22% of the SR patients and 61% of the IR group completed the study. Although abnormal liver test results were common in the SR group, no
Anencephalus and spina bifida.
Authors: C. O. Carter, K. M. Laurence
Journal: BMJ (1969)

SIR,-It is regrettable that your leading article cii angina pectoris (19 April, p. 134) again fails to stress the importance of a search for and correction of anaemia in the management of this condition.I have recently seen two patients, (one with iron deficiency and one with vitamin B12 de- ficiency) presenting with classical effort angina.In both cases the angina was totally relieved by appropriate treatment of the anaemia.-Iam, etc.,
Detection of Coronary Artery Disease With Myocardial Contrast Echocardiography
Authors: Sanjiv Kaul, Roxy Senior, Howard Dittrich, Usha Raval, Raj Khattar, Avijit Lahiri
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background The purpose of this study was to determine whether myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) can be used to detect coronary artery disease (CAD) during rest and pharmacological stress in humans through the use of venous injections of contrast. Methods and Results Thirty patients with known or suspected CAD underwent MCE and 99m Tc-sestamibi single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) at baseline and after dipyridamole (0.56 mg · kg −1 ) infusion. Ten myocardial segments (5 each in the apical two- and four-chamber views) from the two sets of images using both methods were scored for myocardial perfusion as follows: 1=normal, 0.5=mildly reduced, and 0=severely reduced. The information from baseline and postdipyridamole images was then used to determine whether an abnormal segment was irreversible (similar abnormal perfusion at baseline and after dipyridamole) or reversible (perfusion better at baseline compared with after dipyridamole). Concordance between segmental scores was 92% (κ=.99) for both methods. Concordance between normal perfusion and reversible or irreversible segmental defects was 90% (κ=.80). Agreement between the two methods for each of the three vascular territories in each patient was 90% (κ=.77), while agreement for the presence or absence of CAD in each patient was 86% (κ=.86). In the 4 patients with disagreement, the perfusion scores were 0.5 for SPECT and 1.0 for MCE. Conclusions This study shows that MCE, with venous injection of contrast, can define the presence of CAD during rest and pharmacological stress. The location of perfusion abnormalities and their physiologic relevance (reversible or irreversible) by MCE is similar to that provided by SPECT. MCE, therefore, holds promise for the noninvasive assessment of myocardial perfusion in humans.
Glaucoma: Detection Before Damage, Fewer Side Effects May Be Possible
Authors: Paul Cotton
Journal: JAMA (1990)

AN END to treatment side effects and slow, subjective, postdamage diagnosis are visible goals in glaucoma research. Several agents are under investigation that reduce intraocular pressure without the systemic side effects that plague L-timolol, the oft-prescribed drug for primary open-angle glaucoma, the most common form of the disease. Also, experimental devices that objectively measure the optic nerve and retinal nerve fiber layer may permit diagnosis and treatment before the irreversible damage that is presumably caused by high intraocular pressure. Some of the latest work in these areas was spelled out recently at a Research to Prevent Blindness seminar in Universal City, Calif. Intraocular pressure itself is now seen as a risk factor, not a diagnosis, for this second leading cause of blindness in the United States. As many as one third of eyes with glaucoma do not have high intraocular pressure when first examined. In addition, many eyes with high
Can the Results be Improved by Combining Radiation and Elective Radical Hysterectomy and Lymphadenectomy?
Authors: Frank C. Greiss
Journal: JAMA (1965)

With fewer than 50 stage III patients treated by combined therapy reported in the literature,<sup>7-10</sup>the answer to this question can only be speculative. Worldwide five-year survival is 27.2% and even in the best hands, irradiation yields a survival rate of only 33.5%<sup>11</sup>Presumably, radiocurability of stage III lesions is limited by tumor radioresistance, the high incidence of lymph node metastases (44%-66%),<sup>4</sup>the difficulties of treatment of lesions involving the lower vagina, and the debilitation and lowered host resistance induced by the advanced carcinoma. We would add one further limitation from our experience, that of microscopically unidentifiable tumor nests which persits in a static, almost symbiotic relationship with the host after apparent curative radiotherapy. At a later date, aggressive behavior of these tumor nests may be activated either spontaneously or secondary to lowered host resistance from age, other disease, or disruption of tissues by subsequent surgery. Prompt pelvic
Cecil Coggins and the War in the Shadows
Authors: Eugene G. Laforet
Journal: JAMA (1980)

THIS precept—as sincere as it was moralistic, as forthright as it was naive—verbalized, epitomized, and, to a certain extent, reinforced the American attitude toward intelligence-gathering that characterized the two decades after World War I. But the contrived innocence of the first decade became the enforced isolation of the second as economic malaise spread over the land. It was a time when many newly graduated physicians were happy to have the opportunity to drive cabs in New York City and when only the cream of each class could compete for commissions as medical officers in the army or navy. In such an atmosphere of national introspection, on a bright day in July 1933, a tall and spare lieutenant (junior grade), somewhat older than his peers and with three years of active service already behind him, reported for duty in the obstetrical department at US Naval Dispensary, Long Beach, Calif. Cecil Henry
Computed Tomography in Search of Cancer of Unknown Origin
Authors: Philip R. Karsell
Journal: JAMA (1982)

The use of computed tomographic (CT) body scanning in search of an unknown primary site in metastatic malignant neoplasms in 98 patients is reviewed. A clinically occult tumor was identified in 31 cases. This detection rate is three to four times that of "conventional" radiographic studies. We suggest that CT scanning is a valuable addition to the workup in selected cases of metastatic cancer of unknown origin. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;248:340-343)
The Threat of Biological Weapons
Authors: Harry C. Holloway
Journal: JAMA (1997)

The microbial world is mysterious, threatening, and frightening to most people. The stressors associated with a biological terrorist attack could create high numbers of acute and potentially chronic psychiatric casualties who must be recognized, diagnosed, and treated to facilitate triage and medical care. Media communications, planning for quarantine and decontamination, and the role of community leaders are important to the mitigation of psychological consequences. Physicians will need to accurately diagnose anxiety, depression, bereavement, and organic brain syndromes to provide treatment, reassurance, and the relief of pain.
A Laboratory Manual of Physiological Chemistry.
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sleep Deprivation and Resident Performance
Authors: Timothy F. Deaconson
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Cognitive and complex motor performance may be impaired by extended sleep deprivation, but objective data concerning the effects in residents of the sleep deprivation engendered by usual hospital on-call schedules are scant and conflicting. We studied three cohorts of surgical residents (N = 26) who were on call every other night. Each resident kept a sleep diary, gave a self-assessment of motivation and fatigue, and underwent a battery of psychometric tests each morning for 18 or 19 days. The psychometric tests measured cognition, discernment, visual and auditory vigilance, and rapid eye-hand coordination.<i>Sleep deprivation</i>was defined as the lack of four hours of continuous sleep during the preceding 24 hours, and it occurred during 89% of the on-call nights. Daily testing in a repeated-measures design allowed each participant to serve as his or her own control. Sleep deprivation did not affect overall cognitive or motor performance. Further analysis of the correlation between sleep parameters (total sleep and longest uninterrupted sleep interval) and performance on each component of the psychometric test battery identified changes in performance on some tests but only trivial effects due to sleep. The assumption that sleep deprivation associated with usual on-call schedules impairs cognitive and motor performance of residents such that clinical care of patients may be compromised is not supported by our observations. (<i>JAMA</i>1988;260:1721-1727)
Co-ordinate induction of collagen type I and biglycan expression in keloids
Authors: N. HUNZELMANN, S. ANDERS, S. SOLLBERG, E. SCHÖNHERR, T. KRIEG
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

Proteoglycans are macromolecules displaying structural roles as well as regulatory functions in the maintenance of the extracellular matrix. Biglycan/PG‐I and decorin/PG‐II are two small proteoglycans that are structurally related but differ considerably in their localization in vivo and behaviour in vitro. Decorin and, to a minor extent, biglycan, can be located at the surface of type I collagen fibrils and have been shown to influence collagen fibrillogenesis. However, the physiological role of biglycan in the dermis is not known. Biopsies obtained from keloids were bisected and processed for total RNA extraction and immunohistochemistry. Northern blot analysis of total RNA obtained from keloids with high growth tendency in vivo showed a marked induction of biglycan and collagen α1(I) mRNA expression in comparison with total RNA obtained from normal skin or keloids with little growth tendency. In contrast, decorin mRNA expression remained largely unaltered. Studying these biopsies by immunohistochemistry, decorin expression in the dermis was unaltered comparing normal and keloid tissue, whereas a markedly increased staining for biglycan was observed in the keloid tissue, which was most pronounced in the nodular formations, and was a characteristie feature of keloids. The altered expression of biglycan in keloid tissue might be involved in the abnormal regulation of extracellular matrix deposition either through the binding of growth factors or by influencing the three‐dimensional organization of collagen fibres or associated molecules.
Local Anesthesia for Infants Undergoing Circumcision
Authors: E. O. Horger III
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Salivary gland lymphoplasmacytoid lymphoma with nodular cutaneous amyloid deposition and lambda chain paraproteinaemia
Authors: A. BADELL, O. SERVITJE, J. GRAELLS, N. CURCÓ, J. NOTARIO, J. PEYRI
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

We report the case of an 83‐year‐old woman who developed a lymphopiasmacytoid lymphoma of the salivary glands with extension to the skin of the cheeks and laterofcrvical area. The most remarkable feature was the massive amyloid deposition that gave the cutaneons lesions a distinctive clinical appearance, similar to that observed in cases of modular cutaneous amyloidosis. An IgM‐lambda paraprotein was also detected in the serum.
Inhibition by 3-Amino-1&lt;italic&gt;H&lt;/italic&gt;-1,2,4-triazole of Hepatic Tumorigenesis Induced by Diethylstilbestrol Alone or Combined With &lt;italic&gt;N&lt;/italic&gt;-Nitrosobutylurea in WF Rats&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1985)
Herpes Simplex and Neurologic Deficits
Authors: David A. Voron
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In his discussion of recurrent herpes simplex of the skin in the QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS section (237:579, 1977), Friedman states that "no objective neurological deficits, sensory or motor, have been noted." This is incorrect. While such deficits are rare with recurrent herpes simplex, they have been noted. For example, Von Hoff et al<sup>1</sup>reported a patient with multifocal sensory and motor neurological signs associated with recurrent labial herpes simplex. Similarly, Lewis and Morris<sup>2</sup>described a patient with recurrent herpes simplex associated with Bell's palsy.
More on Boxing
Authors: Henry Bernstein
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I congratulate you for your strong stand against boxing and would like to add my own voice to the debate. I went to a military high school where I boxed in amateur tournaments for three years. During that time, I sustained a dental injury, as well as a fracture of the first metacarpal bone in my dominant hand. At the age of 43 years, I have a resultant basilar arthritis of the right thumb. What bothers me the most about my own injuries is that I was told recently by an ophthalmologist that I have a "retinal scar" that he believes is a result of fighting. For several years in early practice I did some moonlighting as a boxing doctor. I performed physical examinations and stood by for many of the local tournaments, as well as the Golden Glove Tournament of Champions in Chicago. It was during
Natural Killer Cells in Relation to &lt;italic&gt;Herpesvirus saimiri&lt;/italic&gt;-Induced Disease Course and Manifestations in Owl Monkeys&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Bertram, Kenneth A., Pearson, Gary R.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1983)

Journal Article Natural Killer Cells in Relation to Herpesvirus saimiri-Induced Disease Course and Manifestations in Owl Monkeys Get access Kenneth A. Bertram, Kenneth A. Bertram Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Gary R. Pearson Gary R. Pearson 6 6Address reprint requests to Dr. Pearson. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 70, Issue 1, January 1983, Pages 147–155, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/70.1.147 Published: 01 January 1983 Article history Received: 23 April 1982 Accepted: 25 August 1982 Published: 01 January 1983
Radiological Appearances in Early Oesophageal Carcinoma1
Authors: Wang Zheng-Yan
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1980)

The radiological appearances in 30 cases of early oesophageal carcinoma are described. The main changes are: (1) localized superficial filling defect; (2) changes in the mucosal folds, such as thickening, tortuosity, interruption, destruction and convergence; (3) minute ulceration. Spasm and stiffness in the affected segment are frequently observed.
Sexual Acquisition of Urinary Tract Infection in a Man
Authors: Edward S. Wong
Journal: JAMA (1983)

RECENT sexual intercourse has been established as an important risk factor for acute cystitis in women.<sup>1-3</sup>Intercourse probably predisposes women to infection by facilitating entry of urethral<i>Escherichia coli</i>into the normally sterile bladder, not by actual venereal transmission of bacteria.<sup>2,3</sup>The role of sexual intercourse as a predisposing factor for urinary tract infections (UTIs) in men has not been studied, to our knowledge, but is generally believed to be unimportant. We describe a 54-year-old man who experienced acute cystitis that was temporally related to recent sexual intercourse and was caused by an<i>E coli</i>strain with the same antibiotic susceptibility pattern and serotype that had just previously infected his wife. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 59-year-old woman had Raynaud's disease but an otherwise noncontributory medical history. In August 1977, she experienced symptoms of a lower UTI for the first time in her life. A clean-catch, midstream urine
POS0191 ANTIMALARIAL DRUGS AND ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC ALTERATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS.
Authors: C. Riesco Bárcena, S. Leal Rodriguez, M. E. Acosta, E. Grau García, C. Pávez Perales, A. V. Huaylla Quispe, M. De la Rubia Navarro, P. Muñoz Martinez, L. Mas Sanchez, I. Martínez Cordellat, C. Nájera Herranz, R. Negueroles Albuixech, F. Ortiz-Sanjuán, E. Vicens Bernabeu, I. Cánovas Olmos, J. J. Fragío Gil, L. Gonzalez Puig, J. E. Oller Rodríguez, J. Ivorra Cortés, J. A. Román Ivorra
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2022)

Background During the first months of the Sars-CoV-2 pandemic, antimalarial drugs were the central axis of the treatment of patients with acute respiratory infection. After that, several studies reported a risk of prolongation of corrected QT interval (QTc) at the electrocardiogram (ECG). Historically, these drugs, have been the common denominator in the treatment of patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Objectives To analyze the possible relationship between the use of antimalarial drugs ant the electrocardiographic alterations in patients diagnosed with SLE. Methods Cross-sectional study in patients diagnosed with SLE (SLICC 2012). In all of them, we performed a 12-lead ECG at rest. We measured the QT interval: manually and automatically, ant its correction was made according to the Hodge formule (QTc). Results 91 patients diagnosed with SLE were included in the study. Of the total of patients included in the study, 64 were in current treatment with an antimalarial drug, with a mean of 9.09 (5.73) years of treatment, and a mean cumulative dosage of 813.16 (436.12) gr. Of the patients on current treatment with antimalarial drugs, 4.69% had a prolonged QTc, compared to 3.7% of the patients without current treatment with these drugs. Table 1. NO antimalarialn= 27 YES antimalarialn= 64 Heart disease 7 (25,93%) 5 (7,81%) Cumulative dosage HCQ (gr ) 316,41 (457,28) 813,16 (436,12) ECG disorders 5 (18,52%) 12 (18,75%) Structural disorders 1 (3,7%) 6 (9,38%) Electrical conduction disorders 2 (7,41%) 6 (9,38%) We analyzed the possible relationship between the QTc interval, the current treatment with antimalarial drugs, and the cumulated dosage of this medication. We corrected the lineal regression models by the years of disease evolution, the presence or absence of known heart disease, the women gender, and other treatments such as antiarrhythmics or beta-blockers. We found a statistically significant association between taking antimalarial drugs and the elongated QTc interval (p= 0,001). Nevertheless, in the multivariate analysis, we did not found a significant relationship between the ECG alterations and the treatment with antimalarial drugs. Figure 1. Conclusion In our study, we did not observe a direct relationship between the intake of antimalarial drugs and the alteration of the corrected QT interval. References N/A Disclosure of Interests None declared
Chronic Pulmonary Emphysema: Physiopathology and Treatment
Journal: JAMA (1953)

Various aspects of hypertrophic pulmonary emphysema are reviewed in this monograph. The material on pulmonary function tests is well presented. The pathophysiology of the disease is, for the most part, clearly described, including recent studies on intracardiac pressures in cor pulmonale as well a briefer mention of the forces responsible for retarded expiratory air flow. The chemical effects of oxygen treatment are not adequately reviewed, however, especially in respect to adaptive changes that follow oxygen inhalation. Retention of carbon dioxide in the blood and alveolar air is emphasized as the danger of oxygen treatment, and hyperventilation by mechanical means is properly advocated in cases of uncompensated respiratory acidosis. In the original studies on oxygen therapy in pulmonary and cardiac failure, however, it was pointed out that an increased arterial carbon dioxide tension was responsible for high carbon dioxide elimination per unit volume of ventilation; the increased carbon dioxide concentration in