tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Efflux of protons from acidic vesicles contributes to cytosolic acidification of hepatocytes during ATP depletion
Authors: S Bronk
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between cytosolic pH and vesicular pH during ATP depletion. Using digitized video microscopy and single, cultured rat hepatocytes, cytosolic pH and vesicular pH were quantitated by ratio imaging of BCECF (2′, 7′ biscarboxyethyl-5, 6-carboxyfluorescein) fluorescence and fluoresceindextran fluorescence, respectively. Basal value for cytosolic pH was 7.26 and basal value for vesicular pH was 4.86. During ATP depletion by metabolic inhibition with KCN plus iodoacetic acid or antimycin A, cytosolic pH decreased 0.71 units to 6.55. In separate experiments under identical conditions, vesicular pH increased 1.59 units to 6.45, suggesting that protons were leaking from acidic vesicles during ATP depletion. Fluorescein-dextran fluorescence remained punctate, indicating that the rise in vesicular pH was due to an efflux of protons from vesicles and not loss of vesicle integrity. To determine whether efflux of protons from acidic vesicles can acidify cytosolic pH, we used two maneuvers that result in leakage of protons from acidic vesicles without significantly decreasing cellular ATP: (a) hypotonic stress in K+ free media and (b) exposure of the cells to the H+ -ATPase inhibitor NBD-Cl. Both hypotonic stress and NBD-Cl decreased cytosolic pH 0.4 units to 6.86 and increased vesicular pH 2.0 units to 6.76, resulting in near-equilibration of cytosolic pH and vesicular pH. Thus an efflux of protons from intracellular compartments will acidify cytosolic pH of hepatocytes (pH 6.86), but not to the same degree as ATP depletion (pH 6.55). Calculations based on buffering capacities and relative volumes of the cytosol and acidic compartments suggest that efflux of protons from acidic compartments into the cytosol may account for up to 20% of the decrease of cytosolic pH during the ATP depletion of anoxia observed in hepatocytes. (HEPATOLOGY 1991;14:626–633.)
N-Hydroxyarylamine O-Acetyltransferase of Salmonella typhimurium: Proposal for a Common Catalytic Mechanism of Arylamine Acetyltransferase Enzymes
Authors: Masahiko Watanabe, Takako Igarashi, Tsuguchika Kaminuma, Toshio Sofuni, Takehiko Nohmi
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

Acetyl-CoA:N-hydroxyarylamine O-acetyltransferase is an enzyme involved in the metabolic activation of N-hydroxyarylamines derived from muta- genic and carcinogenic aromatic amines and nitroarenes.The O-acetyltransferase gene of Salmonella typhimurium has been cloned, and new Ames tester substrains highly sensitive to mutagenic aromatic amines and nitroarenes have been established in our laboratory.The nucleotide sequence of the O-acetyltransferase gene was determined.There was an open reading frame of 843 nucleotides coding for a protein with a calculated molecular weight of 32,177, which was close to the molecular weight of the O-acetyltransferase protein determined by using the maxicell technique.Only the residue of Cys69 in O-acetyltransferase of S. typhimurium and its corresponding residue (Cys68) in N-acetyltransferase of higher organisms were 69 conserved in all acetyltransferase enzymes sequenced so far.The amino acid sequence Arg-Gly-Gly-X-Cys, including the Cys , was highly con- served.A mutant O-acetyltransferase of S. typhimurium, which contained Ala69 instead of Cys69, no longer showed the activities of 0-and N- acetyltransferase.These results suggest that the Cys69 of S. typhimurium and the corresponding cysteine residues of the higher organisms are essential for the enzyme activities as an acetyl-CoA binding site.We propose a new catalytic model of acetyltransferase for S. typhimurium and the higher organisms.-
Nervous and Mental Diseases for Nurses.
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Comprehensive health care for the elderly
Authors: A. A. Fisk
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Health care for the elderly in the United States remains fragmentary and noncomprehensive despite concern for the needs of an expanding elderly population and a new emphasis on geriatrics. Model health care programs for the elderly have been few and not generally applicable to central city populations. A model health care program has been designed to offer a continuum of comprehensive, multidisciplinary health care to Milwaukee elderly. An acute care unit for the elderly, rehabilitation-oriented nursing home, outpatient clinic, home care service, outreach clinics, rehabilitation day hospital, Alzheimer's Disease Day Care program, and acute geriatric psychiatric unit have been developed and integrated into one continuum of care. The program serves chiefly the frail elderly, who are demonstrated to be markedly impaired physically, mentally, and socially, requiring the services of multiple professionals to enable the patients to achieve maximum independence. Alternatives to institutionalization are emphasized, and geriatric education and research programs are part of the model program. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;249:230-236)
Natural Gas
Authors: A. E. Mourant
Journal: BMJ (1961)

ment, and his only complaints were some shortness of breath and feeling off-colour for a few weeks.I have also been told of a similar case where only a post-mortem examination revealed the real cause of ,death.As neither case was published, I would infer that spontaneous rupture of the spleen in acute myeloid leukaemia occurs more commonly than suggested by the authors.-Iam, etc.,
Chemical Induction of Oncogene Mutations and Growth Factor Activity in Mouse Skin Carcinogenesis
Authors: B. Bailleul, K. Brown, M. Ramsden, R. J. Akhurst, F. Fee, A. Balmain
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1989)

The goal of understanding the molecular basis of human tumor development has been greatly facilitated by the use of animal model systems in which the etiology of tumor development can be carefully controlled. Environmental chemicals, either naturally occurring or artificially produced, are thought to make a major contribution to the human tumor burden. Many of the concepts of multistage carcinogenesis have been developed and refined using the mouse skin model system and the work described in this article has been carried out in an attempt to analyze the molecular changes that are associated with the initiation of tumor development, the selection of initiated cells to form papillomas, or the progression of premalignant tumors to carcinoma. We have analyzed a number of skin tumors induced in mice by a two-stage initiation and promotion protocol and have detected a high frequency of c-ras oncogene mutations in this system. The mutation found in each case correlates well with the known reactivity of the carcinogens used. It has also been shown that where ras activation occurs this represents an early event in the tumor model system. Transforming growth factor beta is induced in mouse skin by tumor promoter treatment and may therefore play a role in the selection of initiated cells to form papillomas. Additional events, some of which involve the loss of normal ras alleles and possibly tumor suppressor genes, appear to take place at a later stage of carcinogenesis.
BACOPP-D - An Etoposide-Free Dose-Escalated Polychemotherapy Regimen In Advanced Hodgkin‘s Lymphoma
Authors: Ralph Naumann, Diana Kluge, Annette Haenel, Katrin Wetzko, Nadja Friedel, Helmuth Schmidt, Monic Dawel, Bettina Beuthien-Baumann, Uta Schwanebeck, Rainer Ordemann, Mathias Haenel, Gerhard Ehninger
Journal: Blood (2010)
Poliovirus proves IRES-istible in vivo
Authors: B. L. Semler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

The genetic basis for the attenuation of polio vaccines has been known since the 1980s. Changes in the internal ribosome entry site, within the 5′ noncoding region of genomic RNAs, were presumed to reduce translation in certain target organs, leading to the conclusion that attenuation is mediated at the level of translation. A report in this issue of the JCI reveals that poliovirus tropism is, in part, determined after internal ribosome entry.
Incorrect Numbers in Text in: Lead, Mercury, and Arsenic in US- and Indian-Manufactured Ayurvedic Medicines Sold via the Internet
Authors: Jeffrey Williams, Rachel Werner, L Goldman, R Dudley
Journal: JAMA (2008)

cian shortage over the next several decades will strain community hospitals' workforces.Rather than try to increase graduate medical education funding to large training programs, perhaps ways to create and expand community hospital training programs should be explored.
Board Performance Cannot Be Judged Simply on Actions Taken— Board Self-Assessment System Recently Developed
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Medicare: Theory and Practice
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Especialidades Enfermedades Venéreas y Cutáneas.
Journal: JAMA (1924)

This volume of the Schwalbe series on diagnostic and therapeutic errors comprises two parts—one devoted to venereal diseases and another to skin conditions. Both are as practical and brief as other volumes of the collection to which we have referred in praise. They will repay reading, and Spanish physicians should congratulate themselves on the enterprise of the publishers in having these books translated. The Spanish transcriber, by the way, has fallen into the curious error of translating "Geheimrat" as "secret" adviser.
Insulinlike growth factor-II/mannose 6-phosphate receptor is expressed on cc14-exposed rat fat-storing cells and facilitates activation of latent transforming growth factor-? in cocultures with sinusoidal endothelial cells*1
Authors: P DEBLESER
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), a potent fibrogenic cytokine, is secreted in latent form. We examined which cell type in both normal and carbon tetrachloride (CC14)-induced fibrotic rat liver bears surface type II IGF/mannose 6-phosphate (IGF-II/M6P) receptor, known to facilitate activation of TGF-β. In addition, the role of the IGF-II/M6P receptor in activation of latent TGF-β was investigated in a coculture system with sinusoidal endothelial cells. Northern hybridization analysis for IGF-II/M6P receptor messenger RNA (mRNA) was performed on total RNA of different isolated and purified liver cell types. In normal liver, cells expressed little IGF-II/M6P receptor mRNA. In fibrotic liver, we found significant expression only in fat-storing cells. The presence of IGF-II/M6P receptors was established by [125I]IGF-II binding assays on freshly isolated fat-storing cells from normal and CC14-exposed rat livers. We found specific binding of [125I]IGF-II only on CC14exposed fat-storing cells. As determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis after affinity labeling, the specific binding involved 220 kD type II IGF receptors. Scatchard analysis revealed the presence of 3,043 ± 1,378 IGF-II/M6P high-affinity receptors/fat-storing cell, with a Kd of 387 ± 165 pmol/L. With a mink lung epithelial cell (Mv1Lu) proliferation inhibition assay, inhibition of proliferation (a measure of active TGF-β function) was determined using conditioned media of activated fat-storing cells, cocultures of fat-storing cells, and endothelial cells and pure endothelial cell cultures. We found that conditioned media of cocultures of fat-storing cells and endothelial cells inhibits the growth of Mv1Lu cells more strongly than conditioned media of homotypic cultures. Addition of neutralizing anti-TGF-β antibodies neutralizes this effect. The contribution of IGF-II/M6P receptors on the cell membrane of activated fat-storing cells to the activation of latent TGF-β was demonstrated by incubating the cells with M6P, or antibodies directed to the IGFII/M6P receptor, both of which diminishes activation of TGF-β. We conclude that IGF-II/M6P receptors are present on activated fat-storing cells and that the presence of this receptor at the cell surface is necessary, but not sufficient, for activation of latent TGF-β. Other factors, derived from endothelial cells, are involved.
Simplified Nursing
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
GvHD After Haploidentical Transplant: A Novel, MHC-Defined Rhesus Macaque Model Identifies CD28-Negative CD8+ T Cells as a Reservoir of Breakthrough T Cell Proliferation During Costimulation Blockade and Sirolimus-Based Immunosuppression
Authors: Swetha Srinivasan, Weston P. Miller IV, Angela Panoskalltsis-Mortari, Sharon Sen, Kelly Hamby, Taylor Deane, Linda Stempora, Karnail Singh, Jonathan Beus, Bruce R. Blazar, Leslie Kean
Journal: Blood (2010)
Metabolic Aspects of Pyrolysis Mutagens in Food
Authors: Shigeaki Sato, Chie Negishi, Atsushi Umemoto, Takashi Sugimura
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1986)

The first step in metabolic activation of mutagenic and carcinogenic heterocyclic amines has been elucidated to be N-hydroxylation by cytochrome P-448. N-Hydroxyamino compounds are further activated to form N-O-acyl derivatives that readily react with DNA. The adducts between the metabolites of Trp-P-2 and Glu-P-1 and DNA were shown to have a C8-guanylamino structure. In the case of Glu-P-1, modification of guanine in GC clusters occurred preferentially. Glutathione transferases and myeloperoxidase were shown to inactivate some heterocyclic amines or their active metabolites. Hemin and fatty acids bind to and inactivate them. Fibers and other factors from vegetables also work to inactivate heterocyclic amines. Nitrite at low pH also degraded some heterocyclic amines, but those with an imidazole moiety were resistant. Glu-P-1 induced intestinal tumors in a high incidence when fed orally to rats. When 14C-Glu-P-1 was administered by gavage into rats about 50% and 35% were excreted into feces and urine, respectively, within 24 hr. When the bile was collected, around 60% of radioactivity was excreted into it within 24 hr. In the bile, N-acetyl-Glu-P-1 was identified as one of the metabolites of Glu-P-1. It showed a mutagenic activity of about one fourth that of Glu-P-1 with S9 mix. Some radioactivity was also detected in the blood. At 24 hr after administration, most of the radioactivity was found to be bound to erythrocyte beta-globins and serum proteins including albumin.
Personal View
Authors: D. C. Anderson
Journal: BMJ (1975)

The first recorded case of iatrogenic Cushing9s syndrome of a whole country is described. For no good reason the patient, an elderly insular country of limited endocrine resources, is receiving, among other things, enormous doses of opec ACTH in crude Arab oil (“givitbACTHen depot”). Since the patient is not under my care she will probably continue to deteriorate.
Methods and Problems of Medical Education (Eighteenth Series).
Journal: JAMA (1931)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Time Spent in Hospital in the Last Six Months of Life in Patients Who Died of Cancer in Ontario
Authors: J. Huang, C. Boyd, S. Tyldesley, J. Zhang-Salomons, P. A. Groome, W. J. Mackillop
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

PURPOSE: To describe hospital bed utilization in the final 6 months of life in patients dying of cancer in Ontario, Canada. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Hospital separation records were linked to a population-based cancer registry to identify factors associated with hospitalization in the 203,713 patients who died of cancer in Ontario between 1986 and 1998. RESULTS: Between 1986 and 1998, 5.3% of all acute care beds in Ontario were devoted to the care of cancer patients in the last 6 months of life. The mean time spent in hospital in the last 6 months of life decreased from 34.3 days in 1986 to 22.7 days in 1998. Hospitalization rates increased exponentially during the last month of life. Patients younger than 50 years of age, women, and residents of poorer communities spent significantly longer in hospital than others. Hospitalization rates differed very little among the common solid tumors, but patients with CNS malignancies, the lymphomas, and the leukemias spent significantly longer in hospital than the other groups. There was significant interregional variations in hospitalization that were not explained by differences in case mix. There was a statistically significant inverse correlation between the rate of use of palliative radiotherapy and the hospital bed use in the county in which the patient resided. CONCLUSION: The total time spent in hospital in the last 6 months of life has decreased over the last decade, but acute care hospitals continue to play a large role in the care of patients who are dying of cancer.
Clinical Practice Guidelines and Scientific Evidence—Reply
Authors: Terrence M. Shaneyfelt
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal