tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
C Reactive Protein Can Be a Marker of Metabolic Syndrome in Girls from Childhood to Adolescence
Authors: Tania Leme da Rocha Martinez, Abel Pereira, Tatiana Camargo Pereira Abrão, Anita L R Saldanha, Ana Paula Pantoja Margeotto, André Luis Varela Gasparoto, Fernando Henrique Guarnieri, Bruno de Carvalho Abdala, Filipe Maset Fernandes, Giulia Mistsuko Schimidt Hatae, Milena de Souza Vasconcelo, Paulo Maurício Garcia Nosé
Journal: Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions (2022)

As inflammation is a hallmark of most chronic diseases, this article presents a unique condition in two aspects: age and sex. From a population of students aged from two to 19 years old a subgroup with total cholesterol above 150 mg/dl was selected so as to study the C Reactive Protein levels and correlate them with factors that can be risk markers for Metabolic Syndrome. Most trials and scientific publications did not focus in the female sex nor on younger age groups and its specific characteristics. Nowadays these aspects are gaining relevance. This paper aim is to study the levels of C Reactive Protein as an inflammatory marker, priorizing its role in Metabolic Syndrome in girls from childhood to adolescence. It is noteworthy to study the effect of Total Cholesterol in values superior to 150 mg/dl as to the inflammation marker C Reactive Protein and its correlation to Metabolic Syndrome risk markers in a special group of female children and adolescent students. The participants were all above the 80th percentile for Total Cholesterol values. Statistical significances and tendencies were found in the sedentary group aswell as in the higher Non HDL, the higher Triglycerides also, Blood Pressure and Abdominal Circumference. In this analysis neither lower HDL Cholesterol nor smoking habit in their parents were relevant. With the increasing epidemics of overweight and obesity there must be a main focus in prevention. In this paper, the data point to an early start, because of the risk of Metabolic Syndrome. The results in girls as early as childhood to teenage is alarming and claim for public and personal interventions, specifically through healthy lifestyle modifications.
Assessment of the Role of NonTraditional Risk Factors on Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissections
Authors: Emilia Solinas
Journal: Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions (2022)

Background: Spontaneous coronary dissection (SCAD) and non-traditional risk factors (NT-RF) have assumed increasing interest. Aim: To assess NT-RF in the Parma SCAD registry population. Methods: 62 patients with SCAD, enrolled between January 2013 through November 2021, were divided in two groups: NT-RF (n=51) and T-RF (n = 11). Clinical, echocardiographic and angiographic features were compared between the two study populations; finally, the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events was assessed at follow-up. Results: At least one NT-RF among sex related, sex prevalent and gender specific risk factors was present in 82% of patients, while TRF for atherosclerotic disease were less common with hypertension being the most prevalent (40.3%) and diabetes the most seldom (3.2%). Patients with NT-RF were significantly younger (p=0.027) and mostly female compared to those without NT-RF (p=0.004). Type 2 (second Yip/Saw classification) dissection was the prevailing phenotype (54.8%) with a higher prevalence in the NT-RF group (63%, p=0.035). Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events (MACEs) occurred in 17.7% in all patients at a median follow-up of 23 months. When comparing the incidence of cardiovascular events in the 2 study groups, we did not find any significant differences (p=0.4) between groups. Conclusion: SCAD occurs more often in younger women without the traditional RF. Risk estimation does not include these factors and tailored prediction models are lacking. Clinicians and researchers should establish targeted interventions for primary prevention, early diagnosis and secondary prevention in younger women.
Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection; A Literature Review
Authors: Amr Elkammash, Parkha Khan
Journal: Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions (2022)

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is the spontaneous splitting of the coronary tunica media with the formation of a false lumen in the vessel wall and compression of the true lumen. Its incidence is often underestimated, especially in cases of sudden cardiac death before coronary angiography. Predisposing factors include pregnancy, systemic arteriopathy (such as fibromuscular dysplasia), systemic inflammatory conditions ( such as systemic lupus erythematosus and polyarteritis nodosa), systemic connective tissue diseases ( such as Marfan and Ehlers-Danlos syndromes), hypertension and migraine. Common triggering factors involve straining, stress, and hormonal treatment. SCAD is usually diagnosed through coronary angiography, with CT coronary angiography as a non-invasive diagnostic tool. Experts advise minimal coronary instrumentation due to vessel fragility and the risk of dissection extension and vessel occlusion. SCAD patients can have percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) if they have ongoing ischemia or hemodynamic instability. Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) can be an option in cases of failed PCI and high-risk anatomy.
Emerging technologies for behavioral research in changing environments
Authors: Iain D. Couzin, Conor Heins
Journal: Trends in Ecology & Evolution (2022)

The first response exhibited by animals to changing environments is typically behavioral. Behavior is thus central to predicting, and mitigating, the impacts that natural and anthropogenic environmental changes will have on populations and, consequently, ecosystems. Yet the inherently multiscale nature of behavior, as well as the complexities associated with inferring how animals perceive their world, and make decisions, has constrained the scope of behavioral research. Major technological advances in electronics and in machine learning, however, provide increasingly powerful means to see, analyze, and interpret behavior in its natural complexity. We argue that these disruptive technologies will foster new approaches that will allow us to move beyond quantitative descriptions and reveal the underlying generative processes that give rise to behavior.
Immune responses against shared antigens are common in esophago-gastric cancer and can be enhanced using CD40-activated B cells
Authors: Martin Thelen, Diandra Keller, Jonas Lehmann, Kerstin Wennhold, Hendrik Weitz, Eugen Bauer, Birgit Gathof, Monika Brüggemann, Michaela Kotrova, Alexander Quaas, Christoph Mallmann, Seung-Hun Chon, Axel M Hillmer, Christiane Bruns, Michael von Bergwelt-Baildon, Maria Alejandra Garcia-Marquez, Hans Anton Schlößer
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2022)

Background Specific immune response is a hallmark of cancer immunotherapy and shared tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) are important targets. Recent advances using combined cellular therapy against multiple TAAs renewed the interest in this class of antigens. Our study aims to determine the role of TAAs in esophago-gastric adenocarcinoma (EGA). Methods RNA expression was assessed by NanoString in tumor samples of 41 treatment-naïve EGA patients. Endogenous T cell and antibody responses against the 10 most relevant TAAs were determined by FluoroSpot and protein-bound bead assays. Digital image analysis was used to evaluate the correlation of TAAs and T-cell abundance. T-cell receptor sequencing, in vitro expansion with autologous CD40-activated B cells (CD40Bs) and in vitro cytotoxicity assays were applied to determine specific expansion, clonality and cytotoxic activity of expanded T cells. Results 68.3% of patients expressed ≥5 TAAs simultaneously with coregulated clusters, which were similar to data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (n=505). Endogenous cellular or humoral responses against ≥1 TAA were detectable in 75.0% and 53.7% of patients, respectively. We found a correlation of T-cell abundance and the expression of TAAs and genes related to antigen presentation. TAA-specific T-cell responses were polyclonal, could be induced or enhanced using autologous CD40Bs and were cytotoxic in vitro. Despite the frequent expression of TAAs co-occurrence with immune responses was rare. Conclusions We identified the most relevant TAAs in EGA for monitoring of clinical trials and as therapeutic targets. Antigen-escape rather than missing immune response should be considered as mechanism underlying immunotherapy resistance of EGA.
Fibrolamellar carcinoma transcriptomic-based treatment prediction: complete response after nivolumab and ipilimumab
Authors: Raanan Berger, Gal Dinstag, Omer Tirosh, Eyal Schiff, David Kleiner, Kenneth D Aldape, Eytan Ruppin, Tuvik Beker, Razelle Kurzrock
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2022)

Fibrolamellar carcinoma (FLC) is a rare cancer of the liver that most commonly affects children and young adults. There is no clear standard of care for the disease, whose response to treatment seems to be very different from that of hepatocellular carcinoma. We present a case of FLC in a patient in her mid 30s that recurred and persisted despite resection and multiple lines of treatment. Following transcriptomic analysis, a combination of ipilimumab (anti-CTLA4) and nivolumab (anti-PD-1) led to complete remission, although common biomarkers for immune checkpoint blockade were all negative in this case. The patient is still in remission. Here, combined checkpoint blockade guided by novel transcriptomic analysis led to complete remission after failure of several lines of treatment.
Patient-reported outcomes in adoptive cell-therapy trials: mind the gap
Authors: Eleonora Ghisoni, Matteo Morotti, Sara Colomer-Lahiguera, Manuela Eicher, George Coukos, Lionel Trueb, Massimo Di Maio
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2022)

Adoptive cell therapies (ACT) have demonstrated promise in the treatment of patients with cancer, leading to long-lasting responses and, in some cases, even cure. Technological advances have brought these individualized therapies closer to reality, establishing them as credible therapeutic option. However, to date, few efforts have been made to understand patients' experience during ACT trials. Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), which are instruments used to report PROs, are increasingly being used in oncology to capture patients’ perspective, provide real-world data on treatment safety, and support decision-making processes, such as health economic decisions. Due to the inherent complexity of ACT, the inclusion of PROMs in this field remains limited. In this commentary, we discuss the benefit of capturing PROs in ACT trials, the challenges of PROM administration and collection, and we propose simple and actionable recommendations to promote their adoption in ACT trials.
Correspondence on 'Outcomes of stage IV melanoma in the era of immunotherapy: a National Cancer Database (NCDB) analysis from 2014 to 2016' by Sussman et al
Authors: Christopher Grant, Garo Hagopian, Thuy B Tran, Gayathri Nagaraj, Justin T Moyers
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2022)

We read with interest in the recent edition of JITC the publication by Sussman et al on outcomes of stage IV melanoma in the era of immunotherapy from analysis of National Cancer Database (NCDB).[1][1] We are reassured to see recent publications including the study by Sussman et al and similarly by
Myocarditis in monkeypox-infected patients: a case series
Authors: Maëlle Dumont, Thomas Guilhou, Magdalena Gerin, Guillemette Frémont-Goudot, Pierre-Louis Nivose, Arnaud Koubbi, Véronique Joly, Lila Bouadma, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Marie-Hélène André, Clémentine de La Porte des Vaux
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2022)
Gradient concentration strip–specific epidemiological cut-off values of antifungal drugs in various yeast species and five prevalent Aspergillus species complexes
Authors: Victor Mercier, Valérie Letscher-Bru, Marie-Elisabeth Bougnoux, Laurence Delhaes, Francoise Botterel, Danièle Maubon, Frédéric Dalle, Alexandre Alanio, Sandrine Houzé, Eric Dannaoui, Carole Cassagne, Sophie Cassaing, Marie-Fleur Durieux, Arnaud Fekkar, Jean-Philippe Bouchara, Jean-Pierre Gangneux, Julie Bonhomme, Damien Dupont, Damien Costa, Boualem Sendid, Taieb Chouaki, Nathalie Bourgeois, Antoine Huguenin, Sophie Brun, Caroline Mahinc, Lilia Hasseine, Solène Le Gal, Anne-Pauline Bellanger, Eric Bailly, Florent Morio, Céline Nourrisson, Nicole Desbois-Nogard, Estelle Perraud-Cateau, Anne Debourgogne, Hélène Yéra, Laurence Lachaud, Milène Sasso
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2022)
Nanoengineered sonosensitive platelets for synergistically augmented sonodynamic tumor therapy by glutamine deprivation and cascading thrombosis
Authors: Liqiang Zhou, Wei Feng, Yuhang Mao, Yu Chen, Xuanjun Zhang
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2022)

Ultrasound (US)-activated sonodynamic therapy (SDT) stands for a distinct antitumor modality because of its attractive characteristics including intriguing noninvasiveness, desirable safety, and high tissue penetration depth, which, unfortunately, suffers from compromised therapeutic efficacy due to cancer cell-inherent adaptive mechanisms, such as glutathione (GSH) neutralization response to reactive oxygen species (ROS), and glutamine addictive properties of tumors. In this work, we developed a biological sonosensitive platelet (PLT) pharmacytes for favoring US/GSH-responsive combinational therapeutic of glutamine deprivation and augmented SDT. The amino acid transporter SLC6A14 blockade agent α-methyl-DL-tryptophan (α-MT)-loaded and MnO2-coated porphyrinic metal-organic framework (MOF) nanoparticles were encapsulated in the PLTs through the physical adsorption of electrostatic attraction and the intrinsic endocytosis of PLTs. When the sonosensitive PLT pharmacytes reached tumor sites through their natural tendencies to TME, US stimulated the PLTs-loaded porphyrinic MOF to generate ROS, resulting in morphological changes of the PLTs and the release of nanoparticles. Subsequently, intracellular high concentration of GSH and extracellular spatio-temporal controlled US irradiation programmatically triggered the release of α-MT, which enabled the synergistically amplified SDT by inducing amino acid starvation, inhibiting mTOR, and mediating ferroptosis. In addition, US stimulation achieved the targeted activation of PLTs at tumor vascular site, which evolved from circulating PLTs to dendritic PLTs, effectively blocking the blood supply of tumors through thrombus formation, and revealing the encouraging potential to facilitate tumor therapeutics.
Synergistically targeting synovium STING pathway for rheumatoid arthritis treatment
Authors: Haotian Shen, Lulu Jin, Qiangqiang Zheng, Ziqiang Ye, Linxiang Cheng, Yuxu Wu, Honghao Wu, Tae Gyong Jon, Wenduo Liu, Zongyou Pan, Zhengwei Mao, Yue Wang
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2022)

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common autoimmune disease leading to pain, disability, and even death. Although studies have revealed that aberrant activation of STING was implicated in various autoimmune diseases, the role of STING in RA remains unclear. In the current study, we demonstrated that STING activation was pivotal in RA pathogenesis. As the accumulation of dsDNA, a specific stimulus for STING, is a feature of RA, we developed a spherical polyethyleneimine-coated mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles loaded with STING antagonist C-176 (PEI-PDA@C-176 NPs) for treating RA. The fabricated NPs with biocompatibility had high DNA adsorption ability and could effectively inhibit the STING pathway and inflammation in macrophages. Intra-articular administration of PEI-PDA@C-176 NPs could effectively reduce joint damage in mice models of dsDNA-induced arthritis and collagen-induced arthritis by inhibiting STING pathway. We concluded that materials with synergistic effects of STING inhibition might be an efficacious strategy to treat RA.
Patient stratification for determining optimal second-line and third-line therapy for type 2 diabetes: the TriMaster study
Authors: Beverley M. Shields, John M. Dennis, Catherine D. Angwin, Fiona Warren, William E. Henley, Andrew J. Farmer, Naveed Sattar, Rury R. Holman, Angus G. Jones, Ewan R. Pearson, Andrew T. Hattersley
Journal: Nature Medicine (2022)

Precision medicine aims to treat an individual based on their clinical characteristics. A differential drug response, critical to using these features for therapy selection, has never been examined directly in type 2 diabetes. In this study, we tested two hypotheses: (1) individuals with body mass index (BMI) > 30 kg/m2, compared to BMI ≤ 30 kg/m2, have greater glucose lowering with thiazolidinediones than with DPP4 inhibitors, and (2) individuals with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 60–90 ml/min/1.73 m2, compared to eGFR >90 ml/min/1.73 m2, have greater glucose lowering with DPP4 inhibitors than with SGLT2 inhibitors. The primary endpoint for both hypotheses was the achieved HbA1c difference between strata for the two drugs. In total, 525 people with type 2 diabetes participated in this UK-based randomized, double-blind, three-way crossover trial of 16 weeks of treatment with each of sitagliptin 100 mg once daily, canagliflozin 100 mg once daily and pioglitazone 30 mg once daily added to metformin alone or metformin plus sulfonylurea. Overall, the achieved HbA1c was similar for the three drugs: pioglitazone 59.6 mmol/mol, sitagliptin 60.0 mmol/mol and canagliflozin 60.6 mmol/mol (P = 0.2). Participants with BMI > 30 kg/m2, compared to BMI ≤ 30 kg/m2, had a 2.88 mmol/mol (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.98, 4.79) lower HbA1c on pioglitazone than on sitagliptin (n = 356, P = 0.003). Participants with eGFR 60–90 ml/min/1.73 m2, compared to eGFR >90 ml/min/1.73 m2, had a 2.90 mmol/mol (95% CI: 1.19, 4.61) lower HbA1c on sitagliptin than on canagliflozin (n = 342, P = 0.001). There were 2,201 adverse events reported, and 447/525 (85%) randomized participants experienced an adverse event on at least one of the study drugs. In this precision medicine trial in type 2 diabetes, our findings support the use of simple, routinely available clinical measures to identify the drug class most likely to deliver the greatest glycemic reduction for a given patient. (ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT02653209 ; ISRCTN registration: 12039221 .) Using a randomized three-way crossover design and stratification approaches based on obesity and renal function in people with type 2 diabetes, the TriMaster study demonstrated that patients with obesity were more likely to have greater glycemic control with pioglitazone (a thiazolidinedione) than with sitagliptin (a DPP4 inhibitor) and that patients with eGFR 60–90 ml/min/1.73 m2 were more likely to achieve lower HbA1c levels on sitagliptin than on canagliflozin (an SGLT2 inhibitor).
Smart Nanoparticle‐Based Platforms for Regulating Tumor Microenvironment and Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Ruoyu Cheng, Hélder A. Santos
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2022)

Abstract Tumor development and metastasis are closely related to the tumor microenvironment (TME). Recently, several studies indicate that modulating TME can enhance cancer immunotherapy. Among various approaches to modulating TME, nanoparticles (NPs) with unique inherent advantages and smart modified characteristics are promising candidates in delivering drugs to cancer cells, amplifying the therapeutic effects, and leading to a cascade of immune responses. In this review, several smart NP‐based platforms are briefly introduced, such as responsive NPs, targeting NPs, and the composition of TME, including dendritic cells, macrophages, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, myeloid‐derived suppressor cells, and regulatory T cells. Moreover, the recent applications of smart NP‐based platforms in regulating TME and cancer immunotherapy are briefly introduced. Last, the advantages and disadvantages of these smart NP‐based platforms in potential clinical translation are discussed.
CALR-mutated cells are vulnerable to combined inhibition of the proteasome and the endoplasmic reticulum stress response
Authors: Jonas S. Jutzi, Anna E. Marneth, María José Jiménez-Santos, Jessica Hem, Angel Guerra-Moreno, Benjamin Rolles, Shruti Bhatt, Samuel A. Myers, Steven A. Carr, Yuning Hong, Olga Pozdnyakova, Peter van Galen, Fátima Al-Shahrour, Anna S. Nam, Ann Mullally
Journal: Leukemia (2022)
Error in Figure
Authors: Eirini Karyotaki
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2022)

Taeho Greg Rhee, PhD; Sung Ryul Shim, PhD; Brent P. Forester, MD, MSc; Andrew A. Nierenberg, MD; Roger S. McIntyre, MD; George I. Papakostas, MD; John H. Krystal, MD; Gerard Sanacora, MD, PhD; Samuel T. Wilkinson, MD
Endobronchial Ultrasound-guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration of Primary Cardiac Synovial Sarcoma of the Left Ventricle
Authors: Hira Irfan, Darius Filsuf, Kelly L. Mooney, Harmeet Bedi, Brian D. Shaller
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2022)

"Endobronchial Ultrasound‐guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration of Primary Cardiac Synovial Sarcoma of the Left Ventricle." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 0(ja), pp. –
Breakthrough Infections after Postexposure Vaccination against Mpox
Authors: Michael Thy, Nathan Peiffer-Smadja, Morgane Mailhe, Laura Kramer, Valentine M Ferré, Nadhira Houhou, Hassan Tarhini, Chloé Bertin, Anne-Lise Beaumont, Mathilde Garé, Diane Le Pluart, Ségolène Perrineau, Mayda Rahi, Laurène Deconinck, Bao Phung, Bastien Mollo, Marie Cortier, Mélanie Cresta, Clémentine De La Porte Des Vaux, Véronique Joly, Sylvie Lariven, Christophe Rioux, Cécile Somarriba, Francois-Xavier Lescure, Charlotte Charpentier, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Jade Ghosn
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2022)
Trial of Training to Reduce Driver Inattention in Teens with ADHD
Authors: Jeffery N. Epstein, Annie A. Garner, Adam W. Kiefer, James Peugh, Leanne Tamm, Ryan P. MacPherson, John O. Simon, Donald L. Fisher
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2022)

Teens with attention deficit–hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are at increased risk for motor vehicle collisions. A computerized skills-training program to reduce long glances away from the roadway, a contributor to collision risk, may ameliorate driving risks among teens with ADHD.