tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Endoscopy International Open – recently published
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

See also: Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Early Gastric Cancer using the Clutch Cutter: a large single-center experienceEndosc Int Open 2015; 03(05): E432-E438DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1392509 See also: Comparison of long-term outcomes between endoscopic band ligation and endoscopic clipping for colonic diverticular hemorrhageEndosc Int Open 2015; 03(05): E529-E533DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1392510 See also: Endoscopic vacuum therapy for esophageal perforations and leakagesEndosc Int Open 2015; 03(06): E554-E558DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1392568
Confirmatory Physical Findings in Angina Pectoris
Authors: Tazewell Banks
Journal: JAMA (1967)

A false positive diagnosis is made in approximately 25% of patients who are considered to have angina pectoris on an arteriosclerotic basis. The opportunity arose to examine 12 patients during spontaneous bouts of angina and attention was directed to the presence or transient development of pulsus alternans, abnormal precordial pulsations, paradoxical splitting of the second sound, atrial or ventricular diastolic gallops, an apical regurgitant murmur, and the response of the pain to carotid sinus pressure. At rest, 11 of the 12 patients had an atrial and six had a ventricular diastolic gallop. In ten out of 12 instances, abnormal physical findings became manifest and/or carotid sinus pressure was effective in relieving the angina. The observation of transient physical signs of left ventricular dysfunction may help resolve a difficult diagnostic problem.
Total Parenteral Nutrition in Leukopenic Cancer Patients
Authors: Aydin Dindogru
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Over 12 months, 26 malnourished patients had 30 episodes of leukopenia while receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). There were 22 episodes of leukopenia associated with high temperatures (&gt;37.8 °C) A TPN-induced septicemia was the cause of fever in one patient. One patient with slight transient fever received no antibiotics, and 21 febrile patients were treated with various broad-spectrum antibiotics. The average duration of leukopenia was 6.9 days, and the average nadir of leukopenia was 789/cu mm. Eleven patients died during or within two weeks of the neutropenic episode. No deaths were related to TPN-induced septicemia. With proper care, TPN can be given to neutropenic patients without additional risk of sepsis. (<i>JAMA</i>244:680-681, 1980)
British Society for Skin Care in Immunocompromised Individuals
Authors: T Shim, D Hawkins, A Muneer, S Minhas, A Freeman, C Jameson, N Francis, M Dinneen, C Bunker, L Mackintosh, C Geddes, S Wallingford, C Proby, A Vail, S Russell, J Lear, A Green, P Gazzani, S Jaulim, C Kasparis, T Gee, J Carter
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

Patients with solid organ transplants are at increased risk of malignancy, with the greatest risk that of skin cancer.The incidence of skin cancer varies with skin type, ultraviolet exposure and intensity of immunosuppression.The incidence in Scotland has not been published.We previously analysed current patients retrospectively and noted an apparent difference between our population and studies from other centres in that the incidence of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) appeared higher than that of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) whereas SCC usually outnumbers BCC after transplantation.Further analysis suggested that in our population the incidence of SCC becomes higher than BCC after approximately 15 years.Studying incidence retrospectively is potentially flawed by recall and survival bias.The aim of this study is to report the incidence of biopsy-proven skin cancer in current renal transplant patients prospectively.Each skin biopsy report from all pathology laboratories in the West of Scotland (WoS) between 1 January 2010 and 30 June 2012 from all current patients being followed up for a kidney transplant on 1 July 2010 was extracted from the WoS electronic renal patient record.Each report was scanned manually to detect and categorize each cancer.The total period of follow-up for each patient was calculated as time to death or date of latest serum creatinine.Age, sex and time since the first kidney transplant were also included.The incidence of all skin cancers and each type of skin cancer was calculated and expressed as the number of skin cancers per year of follow-up.In all, 989 patients were entered into the study and follow-up data were available for 957 patients.During the study period 51 patients had died; 146 patients had at least one biopsy and 65 patients were diagnosed with at least one skin cancer.The number of skin cancers diagnosed overall was 136.The overall incidence of skin cancer in post-transplant patients per year was 0Á075.There were 83 SCC, 51 BCC and two melanomas.The incidence of SCC, BCC and melanoma in post-transplant patients per year was 0Á046, 0Á028 and 0Á001, respectively.In this prospective study, the SCC to BCC ratio changes with time since transplant, reversing at approximately 25 years posttransplant.These data allow us to give patients in WoS an evidence-based risk of the incidence of skin cancer.Further studies to link these data to immunosuppressive regimens and previous skin cancers are required.
Awards, Appointments, Announcements
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Journal Article Awards, Appointments, Announcements Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 5, 7 March 1990, Pages 352–353, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.5.352 Published: 07 March 1990
Familial Risk and Cancer Control
Authors: Henry T. Lynch
Journal: JAMA (1976)

An intensive study of the family history of cancer in 4,515 patients screened consecutively by a multiphasic mobile cancer detection unit showed, after age correction, that cancer had developed in 8.9% of the probands when there was one cancer in a single first-degree relative, 16.2% had cancer with two family members affected, and 27.4% had cancer when three or more family members had been affected. This constituted a significant correlation between family and personal histories of cancer in these patients. Extrapolation to the United States population with cancer-control implications are given. (<i>JAMA</i>236:582-584, 1976)
THE COMPOSITION OF EXPIRED AIR AND ITS EFFECTS UPON ANIMAL LIFE.
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cost of Injury—United States: A Report to Congress, 1989
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
In fibromyalgia, amitriptyline is comparable to FDA-approved drugs for symptoms and acceptability
Authors: Roland Staud
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2022)

Source Citation Farag HM, Yunusa I, Goswami H, et al. Comparison of amitriptyline and US Food and Drug Administration-approved treatments for fibromyalgia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5:e2212939. 35587348
Defining the Fetal Gene Program at Single-Cell Resolution in Pediatric Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Neda R. Mehdiabadi, Choon Boon Sim, Belinda Phipson, Ravi K.R. Kalathur, Yuliangzi Sun, Celine J. Vivien, Menno ter Huurne, Adam T. Piers, James E. Hudson, Alicia Oshlack, Robert G. Weintraub, Igor E. Konstantinov, Nathan J. Palpant, David A. Elliott, Enzo R. Porrello
Journal: Circulation (2022)
The Fall of the Nation's First Gender-Affirming Surgery Clinic
Authors: Walker J. Magrath
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2022)

Johns Hopkins Hospital established the first gender-affirming surgery (GAS) clinic in the United States in 1966. Operating for more than 13 years, the clinic was abruptly closed in 1979. According to the hospital, the decision was made in response to objective evidence claiming that GAS was ineffective. However, this evidence directly contradicted many contemporaneous studies and faced immediate criticism from the scientific community. Despite this resistance, it took the hospital nearly 40 years to resume performing GAS. Scientific evidence—imbued in scandal, bias, and moralism—was instrumentalized to serve broader institutional interests. The burgeoning field of plastic surgery tethered and then untethered GAS from its auspices in response to poor technical outcomes and transphobia. No longer serving surgeons' interests, the clinic was marginalized to "barely minimal facilities" in 1974, five years before GAS was formally banned. Over the next 5 years, the clinic co-inhabited space with the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Simultaneously, the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology navigated scandals related to reproductive technology (namely, the Dalkon Shield [A.H. Robins] controversy) until the clinic space was demolished in 1979. The study that informed the GAS ban was preferentially funded in keeping with the political economy of biomedical research. This article presents a spatial argument for how the closure of the nation's first GAS clinic was not based in empirical data alone but was manipulated to fuel political and institutional agendas.
EYEMATE-SC Trial
Authors: Peter Szurman, Kevin Gillmann, Anna-Maria Seuthe, H. Burkhard Dick, Esther M. Hoffmann, Andre Mermoud, Marc J. Mackert, Robert N. Weinreb, Harsha L. Rao, Kaweh Mansouri, Peter Szurman, H. Burkhard Dick, Kaweh Mansouri, Esther M. Hoffmann, Marc Mackert, Arno Haus, Anna-Maria Seuthe, Eugen Reifschneider, Annekatrin Rickmann, Philip Wakili, Caroline Emmerich, Caroline Hoogmartens, Kristina Lambert, Kai Januschowski, Matthias Elling, Tim Schultz, Inga Kersten-Gomez, Katrin Lorenz, Bert Giers, Anna Beck, Matthias Nobl, Sigrid Freissinger
Journal: Ophthalmology (2022)
Adult survivors of a first primary invasive cancer had increased risk for cardiovascular disease
Authors: Germano Cavalli, Darryl Leong
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2022)

Source Citation Florido R, Daya NR, Ndumele CE, et al. Cardiovascular disease risk among cancer survivors: the Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities (ARIC) study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2022;80:22-32. 35772913
In patients with high bleeding risk, 1 vs. ≥3 mo of DAPT after complex or noncomplex PCI did not differ for clinical events
Authors: Manoj Kesarwani
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2022)

Source Citation Valgimigli M, Smits PC, Frigoli E, et al. Duration of antiplatelet therapy after complex percutaneous coronary intervention in patients at high bleeding risk: a MASTER DAPT trial sub-analysis. Eur Heart J. 2022:43:3100-14. 35580836
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on long-term trends in the prevalence of diabetic ketoacidosis at diagnosis of paediatric type 1 diabetes: an international multicentre study based on data from 13 national diabetes registries
Authors: Niels H Birkebaek, Clemens Kamrath, Julia M Grimsmann, Karin Aakesson, Valentino Cherubini, Klemen Dovc, Carine de Beaufort, Guy T Alonso, John W Gregory, Mary White, Torild Skrivarhaug, Zdenek Sumnik, Craig Jefferies, Thomas Hörtenhuber, Aveni Haynes, Martin De Bock, Jannet Svensson, Justin T Warner, Osman Gani, Rosaria Gesuita, Riccardo Schiaffini, Ragnar Hanas, Arleta Rewers, Alexander J Eckert, Reinhard W Holl, Ondrej Cinek
Journal: The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology (2022)
First-Line Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes With Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors and Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists
Authors: Jin G. Choi, Aaron N. Winn, M. Reza Skandari, Melissa I. Franco, Erin M. Staab, Jason Alexander, Wen Wan, Mengqi Zhu, Elbert S. Huang, Louis Philipson, Neda Laiteerapong
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2022)

Background: Guidelines recommend sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP1) receptor agonists as second-line therapy for patients with type 2 diabetes. Expanding their use as first-line therapy has been proposed but the clinical benefits may not outweigh their costs. Objective: To evaluate the lifetime cost-effectiveness of a strategy of first-line SGLT2 inhibitors or GLP1 receptor agonists. Design: Individual-level Monte Carlo–based Markov model. Data Sources: Randomized trials, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention databases, RED BOOK, and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Target Population: Drug-naive U.S. patients with type 2 diabetes. Time Horizon: Lifetime. Perspective: Health care sector. Intervention: First-line SGLT2 inhibitors or GLP1 receptor agonists. Outcome Measures: Life expectancy, lifetime costs, incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs). Results of Base-Case Analysis: First-line SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP1 receptor agonists had lower lifetime rates of congestive heart failure, ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction, and stroke compared with metformin. First-line SGLT2 inhibitors cost $43 000 more and added 1.8 quality-adjusted months versus first-line metformin ($478 000 per quality-adjusted life-year [QALY]). First-line injectable GLP1 receptor agonists cost more and reduced QALYs compared with metformin. Results of Sensitivity Analysis: By removing injection disutility, first-line GLP1 receptor agonists were no longer dominated (ICER, $327 000 per QALY). Oral GLP1 receptor agonists were not cost-effective (ICER, $823 000 per QALY). To be cost-effective at under $150 000 per QALY, costs for SGLT2 inhibitors would need to be under $5 per day and under $6 per day for oral GLP1 receptor agonists. Limitation: U.S. population and costs not generalizable internationally. Conclusion: As first-line agents, SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP1 receptor agonists would improve type 2 diabetes outcomes, but their costs would need to fall by at least 70% to be cost-effective. Primary Funding Source: American Diabetes Association.
Shark Fin Electrocardiogram in the Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Bin Zhang, Zhao-Wei Yin, Wenbiao Chen
Journal: Circulation (2022)

A 54-year-old woman was admitted to the intensive care unit with septic shock induced by intraabdominal infection.An initial physical examination revealed a body temperature of 38.6°C, a blood pressure of 82/56 mm Hg, a pulse rate of 109 beats per minute, and a respiratory rate of 26 breaths/minute.At admission, a 12-lead ECG was performed (Figure 1).Serum troponin I level was 2.02 ng/mL (normal value <0.10 ng/mL) and NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide) level was 5300 pg/mL (normal value <450 pg/mL).What are the important findings on the ECG?What is the most likely diagnosis?How would you manage the patient?Please turn the page to read the diagnosis.Figure 1.Initial ECG at admission.
Obesity Programs Macrophages to Support Cancer Progression
Authors: Abhijeet Singh, Shyamananda Singh Mayengbam, Himanshi Yaduvanshi, Mohan R. Wani, Manoj Kumar Bhat
Journal: Cancer Research (2022)

Obesity induces multifactorial effects such as dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and arterial hypertension that influence the progression of many diseases. Obesity is associated with an increased incidence of cancers, and multiple mechanisms link obesity with cancer initiation and progression. Macrophages participate in the homeostasis of adipose tissue and play an important role in cancer. Adipose tissue expansion in obesity alters the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages, which is a primary cause of inflammation. Chronic low-grade inflammation driven by macrophages is also an important characteristic of cancer. Adipocytes secrete various adipokines, including adiponectin, leptin, IL6, and TNFα, that influence macrophage behavior and tumor progression. Furthermore, other metabolic effects of obesity, such as hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hypercholesterolemia, can also regulate macrophage functionality in cancer. This review summarizes how obesity influences macrophage-tumor cell interactions and the role of macrophages in the response to anticancer therapies under obese conditions.
In HFpEF, the benefit of empagliflozin on a composite of CV death or HF hospitalization at 26 mo did not vary by diabetes status
Authors: Marat Fudim, Harriette G.C. Van Spall
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2022)

Source Citation Filippatos G, Butler J, Farmakis D, et al. Empagliflozin for heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction with and without diabetes. Circulation. 2022;146:676-86. 35762322
Why it is important to discuss what antidepressants do
Authors: Joanna Moncrieff, Mark Horowitz
Journal: BMJ (2022)

<h3>Background</h3> Children with glomerular disease have unique risk factors for compromised bone health. Studies addressing skeletal complications in this population are lacking. <h3>Methods</h3> This retrospective cohort study utilized data from PEDSnet, a national network of pediatric health systems with standardized electronic health record data for more than 6.5 million patients from 2009 to 2021. Incidence rates (per 10,000 person-years) of fracture, slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE), and avascular necrosis/osteonecrosis (AVN) in 4598 children and young adults with glomerular disease were compared with those among 553,624 general pediatric patients using Poisson regression analysis. The glomerular disease cohort was identified using a published computable phenotype. Inclusion criteria for the general pediatric cohort were two or more primary care visits 1 year or more apart between 1 and 21 years of age, one visit or more every 18 months if followed &gt;3 years, and no chronic progressive conditions defined by the Pediatric Medical Complexity Algorithm. Fracture, SCFE, and AVN were identified using SNOMED-CT diagnosis codes; fracture required an associated x-ray or splinting/casting procedure within 48 hours. <h3>Results</h3> We found a higher risk of fracture for the glomerular disease cohort compared with the general pediatric cohort in girls only (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 1.6; 95% CI, 1.3 to 1.9). Hip/femur and vertebral fracture risk were increased in the glomerular disease cohort: adjusted IRR was 2.2 (95% CI, 1.3 to 3.7) and 5 (95% CI, 3.2 to 7.6), respectively. For SCFE, the adjusted IRR was 3.4 (95% CI, 1.9 to 5.9). For AVN, the adjusted IRR was 56.2 (95% CI, 40.7 to 77.5). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Children and young adults with glomerular disease have significantly higher burden of skeletal complications than the general pediatric population.
In active Crohn disease, risankizumab increased clinical remission and endoscopic response at 12 wk
Authors: Daniel Oliver, Nicholas J. Talley
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2022)

Source Citation D’Haens G, Panaccione R, Baert F, et al. Risankizumab as induction therapy for Crohn's disease: results from the phase 3 ADVANCE and MOTIVATE induction trials. Lancet. 2022;399:2015-30. 35644154
In adults hospitalized with COVID-19, adding baricitinib vs. dexamethasone to remdesivir did not differ for MV-free survival
Authors: Alexandre Tran, Bram Rochwerg
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2022)

Source Citation Wolfe CR, Tomashek KM, Patterson TF, et al. Baricitinib versus dexamethasone for adults hospitalised with COVID-19 (ACTT-4): a randomised, double-blind, double placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Respir Med. 2022;10:888-99. 35617986
Reducing Tobacco Consumption in California
Authors: Dileep G. Bal
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Cigarette smoking continues to be the leading preventable cause of death in California and the United States. Although substantial progress has been made over the past 25 years, there is growing recognition of the need for large-scale efforts to reduce tobacco use. Given their central roles in implementing public health programs and their ability to reach many of the groups most at risk of tobacco use uptake and tobacco-related disease, state health agencies have an important challenge before them. This article describes the development and operation of a statewide, publicly funded anti-tobacco use campaign currently undertaken by the California Department of Health Services under the auspices of the state's Tobacco Tax and Health Promotion Act of 1988 (Proposition 99), which increased excise taxes on cigarettes by 25 cents per pack sold in the state. A discussion of problems in implementation and operation being incurred may be relevant to the planning of similar campaigns elsewhere. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;264:1570-1574)