tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Physician and the Quality of Life
Authors: E. Grey Dimond
Journal: JAMA (1974)

THERE is good evidence in medical education literature to suggest that the actual selection process that decides who gets into medical school has been weighted heavily toward science ability, with no similar appraisal of humanistic qualities. In reviewing applicants for medical school, admission committees have given preponderant attention to college (before medical school) grades in<i>science</i>. High achievement in the science score in the Medical College Aptitude Test (MCAT) became a favored index. Over the past 25 years, medical school faculties have taken pride in their "selection" ability by reporting with enthusiasm that the MCAT science score and the college science grades were the most (in fact, some said, only) accurate predictors of how a student would do in his medical school courses. It has been documented repeatedly that the outstanding student in<i>medical school</i>could be most accurately predicted from that same student's grades in science subjects in his
Medical Jurisprudence, Forensic Medicine and Toxicology.
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effects of 9,10-Anthracenedione, 1,4-bis[[2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-ethyl]amino]-, diacetate on Cell Morphology and Nucleic Acids of Friend Leukemia Cells&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1980)

Treatment of Friend leukemia cells for 18 hours with 9,10-anthracenedione, 1,4-bis[[2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethyl]amlno]-, diacetate (ANT) at concentrations up to 1.0 μg/ml induced significant changes in cell metabolism and structure. Alterations in cell nucleic acid content were detected in cells stained with acridine orange under conditions such that DNA and RNA contents could be measured simultaneously by flow cytometry. Cells treated for 18 hours with ANT at concentrations of 0.05–0.1 μg/ml became partially blocked at the G2 phase. In addition, about 30% of the cells became polyploid and demonstrated diplochromosomes at the 8C level of mitosis. The nuclear chromatin of blocked cells had an altered structure as reflected by a change in sensitivity of DNA in situ to denaturation induced by low pH. All viable cells treated with ANT for 18 hours at concentrations of 0.4–1.0 μg/ml were blocked in G2 phase. These cells had significantly more RNA than did untreated cells. Transmission electron microscopic observations of thin-sectioned cells suggested that this increased RNA content in ANT-treated cells was mostly due to an approximately 50% increased cell diameter and partly due to a disproportionate increase in nucleolar size. In addition, electron microscopy revealed that ANT caused increased chromatin condensation and granulation. The drug had no apparent effect on production of the endogenous Friend murine leukemia virus.
Simultaneous Appearance of Keratin Modifications and γ-Glutamyltransferase Activity as Indicators of Tumor Progression in Mouse Skin Papillomas&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Andres J. P. Klein-Szanto, Karen G. Nelson, Yatish Shah, Thomas J. Slaga
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1983)

γ-Glutamyltransferase (GGT), an enzyme not found in normal adult epidermis, was detected in most skin papillomas larger than 13 mm in diameter and in all squamous carcinomas induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene initiation and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol13- acetate promotion in noninbred Sencar mice, Furthermore, these GGT-positive lesions were also characterized by a marked decrease or absence of high-molecular-weight components of epidermal keratin. Since these characteristics are common to both carcinomas and large papillomas but are practically undetectable in normal epidermis and small papillomas, GGT activity and lack of high-molecularweight keratin components seem to be good indicators of tumor progression, i.e., from papilloma to squamous carcinoma.
Surgical Measures for Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Eldred D. Mundth, W. Gerald Austen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

Indirect Myocardial RevascularizationON the basis of the myocardial sinusoidal circulation demonstrated by the detailed pathological studies of Wearn and his associates,1 Vineberg postulated that a freely bleeding artery surgically implanted into the myocardium might achieve adequate initial runoff and later establish inter-coronary arterial collateral.2 Vineberg applied the indirect revascularization procedure clinically, with apparently excellent early clinical results.3 Skepticism concerning the procedure prevailed for many years because of the lack of objective evaluation of the clinical results. It was not until the development of an effective method for selective cine coronary arteriography by Sones,4 that objective . . .
OncoVEX: A family of oncolytic herpes simplex viruses optimised for therapeutic use
Authors: R. S. Coffin, B. Liu, Z. Han, M. Assenberg, S. Thomas, J. Hu, G. Simpson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

13139 HSV in which ICP34.5 is deleted directs tumour selective cell lysis and has proven safe in Phase I clinical trials. To produce oncolytic HSV with enhanced anti-tumour properties, we have deleted ICP34.5 from a clinical isolate of HSV-1, which enhances the tumour cell killing capabilities of the virus, deleted ICP47 (which blocks antigen presentation), and inserted the gene encoding GM-CSF. This aimed to maximize anti-tumour immune responses following intra-tumoural injection and provide an in situ, patient-specific, anti-tumour vaccine, combined with oncolysis. In vivo, both injected and non-injected tumours could be cured and animals were then protected against tumour cell challenge. A Phase I clinical trial with the virus (OncoVEX GM-CSF ) has been conducted including patients with cutaneous or sub-cutaneous deposits of a number of tumour types (Lead Investigator: Professor Charles Coombes, Hammersmith Hospital, London). This demonstrated the virus to have a good safety profile, the main side effects being ‘flu-like symptoms, similar to those which have previously been observed with other oncolytic products. Virus replication and GM-CSF expression was demonstrated together with inflammation, flattening and necrosis of injected lesions which was in some cases considerable and which was also in some cases observed in lesions which had not themselves been injected. In all cases where necrosis was observed in biopsies, this correlated with areas of staining for HSV, suggesting the virus had caused the effect. Following this promising data, Phase II studies are underway in multiple tumour types. In addition to OncoVEX GM-CSF , further versions of OncoVEX expressing other active genes have been constructed and tested in pre-clinical models. These include a virus expressing TNF∝, intended to be synergistic with radiotherapy, and versions of the virus expressing a pro-drug activating gene combined with the delivery of a fusogenic glycoprotein designed to maximize the properties of the virus for local tumour control. Each of these have shown promising results in pre-clinical tumour models, including in combination with chemotherapy and radiotherapy where benefits which are at least additive have been demonstrated. [Table: see text]
Prophylactic and Therapeutic Actions of Supplemental β-Carotene in Mice Inoculated With C3HBA Adenocarcinoma Cells: Lack of Therapeutic Action of Supplemental Ascorbic Acid<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">2</xref><xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3">3</xref><xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN4">4</xref>
Authors: Giuseppe Rettura, Ph.D., Francis Stratford, M.D., Stanley M. Levenson, M.D., Eli Seifter, Ph.D.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1982)

Decreased tumor incidence, increased latent period, and increased survival time were observed in C3H/HeJ mice fed supplemental β-carotene for 3 days and then inoculated with 104 C3HBA (syngeneic) tumor cells. In addition, C3H/HeJ, C3H/He, and CBA/J mice, fed supplemental β-carotene beginning immediately after they were inoculated with 2×105 C3HBA tumor cells, showed decreased tumor growth and increased survival time. When β-carotene was fed to mice in which palpable tumors were already present, it similarly slowed tumor growth and extended animal survival time. Ascorbic acid supplementation (5 g/kg diet), introduced into the experiment as a possible Synergist for β-carotene's antitumor action, was without therapeutic action when tested in the presence or absence of β-carotene supplements. The basal diet, a standard commercial mouse chow, contains more vitamin A than the National Research Council's recommended dietary allowance for normal rodents and supports normal growth, reproduction, and longevity of normal mice. The work reported here is the first demonstration of the antitumor action of β-carotene in animals with a transplanted tumor.
NHS funds for fundholders and non-fundholders Cost calculations are incorrect
Authors: C Spenceley, N Craig, K Denham, T V Zwanenberg, C Nagpaul, D P M Archer, J Dixon, S Dood, D Hodson, P Rice, M Williams
Journal: BMJ (1994)

annually according to an agreed global sum and is not increased with the creation of services such as the one described.Furthermore, there is little in the paper to justify the collection of urine.Although this may be appropriate to a service study, occasional random testing is likely to be as effective and cheaper, especially if counsellors and general practitioners regularly (or routinely) request details of illicit drug use.Thus the actual cost per patient may be nearer to £ 1000.Of course, as patients stabilise, costs should reduce further owing to a decrease in the methadone dose and counsellor time.These latter points suggest that cost is not a barrier to managing drug addicts in the primary sector.
Educational Council for Foreign Medical Graduates
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Highlights of This Issue
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2013)

Induction of the viral lytic cycle is a promising strategy for treatment of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-driven malignancies because viral lytic replication is associated with death of EBV-carrying tumor cells.Giunco and colleagues show that inhibition of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), the catalytic component of telomerase, promotes induction of the viral lytic cycle and triggers apoptosis of EBVimmortalized and fully transformed B cells.These results provide the rationale to activate clinical studies based on the combination of antiviral drugs with inhibitors of hTERT expression/activity for the treatment of EBV-driven malignancies.
Statistical Properties of Normal Distribution
Authors: Etan Markowitz
Journal: JAMA (1969)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The format proposed by Rushmer (<b>206</b>:836, 1968) for display of clinical laboratory data is an excellent one for those variables which are known to be approximately normally distributed. However, some variables may have a distribution which is far from normal. As Mainland<sup>1,2</sup>and others have pointed out, using the properties of the normal distribution when they do not obtain can result in misleading conclusions. Therefore, for any data which do not have a normal distribution, we suggest that a scale centered at the population median and graduated in percentile units would be more appropriate than a scale centered at the population mean and graduated in standard deviations.
Comparison of Antipruritic Agents Administered Orally
Authors: Robert W. Fischer
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Control of pruritus by agents administered orally has been a problem to clinicians for some time. Currently two drugs are marketed as specific agents to relieve itching. One, trimeprazine tartrate (Temaril), is a phenothiazine derivative whose action and uses are described by the manufacturer to be "indicated for the treatment of mild and severe pruritus, whether acute or chronic."<sup>1</sup>The drug has been stated to be "far more potent against itching than other phenothiazines" in uncontrolled studies,<sup>2,3</sup>to exert a mild antipruritic effect as compared to an inert placebo,<sup>4</sup>and to be of no greater benefit than amobarbital in the relief of pruritus.<sup>5</sup> The second, cyproheptadine (Periactin) hydrochloride, is described as showing "prompt and marked antipruritic activity following oral administration in a variety of itching dermatoses."<sup>1</sup>The drug has been widely studied and is known to antagonize the effects of both serotonin and histamine in
Highlights of This Issue
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2018)

The efficacy of PD-1/L1 checkpoint blockade in cancer patients is limited by inadequate T-cell invigoration. Buchan and colleagues report synergism between PD-1/L1 blockade and anti-CD27 mAb for CD8+ T-cell activation and tumor therapy in multiple models, including in human CD27 transgenic mice. They find that combination therapy triggers a convergent program largely dependent on synergistic IL-2 signalling and Myc, but a division of labor such that PD-1/L1 blockade promotes a cytotoxic gene-expression profile, whereas anti-CD27 preferentially drives proliferation. These data provide a mechanistic basis for pursuing the combination of checkpoint blockade and anti-CD27 in the clinic.The central nervous system (CNS) is a sanctuary site from targeted drugs. While the multiple kinase inhibitor, entrectinib, is effective in the treatment of NTRK1-fusion positive cancers with CNS metastasis, resistance usually develops. Nishiyama and colleagues found that the NTRK1-G667C mutation, which induces moderate resistance to entrectinib, caused acquired entrectinib resistance of brain metastasis. Importantly, foretinib inhibited TRK-A with G667C mutation and overcame entrectinib resistance in the liver and brain metastasis models. These findings provide a rationale for clinical trials with foretinib in cancer patients with entrectinib-resistant tumors harboring the NTRK1-G667C mutation, including patients with brain metastases.Preoperative chemotherapy is used in certain groups of breast cancer patients, but many patients do not respond and/or suffer disease progression after treatment. Liu and colleagues show that cytotoxic chemotherapy induces monocytosis in the bone marrow, resulting in increased blood levels of monocyte chemoattractant proteins, which stimulate the cancer stem-like cell phenotype to promote tumor malignancy. The study suggests that pharmacologic inhibition of CCR2 may serve as a potential cotreatment during conventional chemotherapy to target therapy-induced cancer stemness.The prognostic value of the androgen receptor (AR) in breast cancer is controversial, due in part to differences in cohorts and methodology, including the cut-point used for AR positivity. To resolve this controversy, Ricciardelli and colleagues assessed AR positivity in two independent primary breast cancer cohorts and determined the optimal cut-point by ROC analysis. An AR cut-point of 78% positivity, approximating the median staining, provided optimal sensitivity and specificity to predict breast cancer survival. Testing this cut-point in prospective cohorts is now warranted for clinical implementation of AR as a prognostic factor in the management of breast cancer.
Educational Council for Foreign Medical Graduates
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Immunoprophylaxis of an Ocular Solid Malignant Tumor in Cattle&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn4"&gt;4&lt;/xref&gt;
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1983)

Journal Article Immunoprophylaxis of an Ocular Solid Malignant Tumor in Cattle Get access Stephen J. Kleinschuster, Stephen J. Kleinschuster Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Herbert J. Rapp, Herbert J. Rapp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Jurgen Bier, Jurgen Bier Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Charles C. Muscoplat, Charles C. Muscoplat Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Ross A. Smart, Ross A. Smart Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Kent R. Van Kampen Kent R. Van Kampen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 70, Issue 4, April 1983, Pages 771–776, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/70.4.771 Published: 01 April 1983 Article history Received: 31 August 1982 Accepted: 19 November 1982 Published: 01 April 1983
Breast Cancer and Reproductive History From Genealogical Data&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Hunt, Steven C., Williams, Roger R., Skolnick, Mark H., Lyon, Joseph L., Smart, Charles R.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1980)

Breast Cancer and Reproductive History From Genealogical Data Steven C. Hunt, Steven C. Hunt 4 4Address reprint requests to Dr. Hunt, Medical Genetics, 401 12th Ave., Salt Lake City, Utah 84143. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Roger R. Williams, Roger R. Williams Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Mark H. Skolnick, Mark H. Skolnick Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Joseph L. Lyon, Joseph L. Lyon Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Charles R. Smart Charles R. Smart Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 64, Issue 5, May 1980, Pages 1047–1053, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/64.5.1047 Published: 01 May 1980 Article history Received: 23 July 1979 Accepted: 22 October 1979 Published: 01 May 1980
Postoperative Vaginal Discharge
Authors: H. Hunter Handsfield
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The response by Albert Altchek, MD (243:1469, 1980), to the question "Postoperative Vaginal Discharge" was an excellent review of the etiology of vaginal discharge, except for failure to consider infectious cervicitis. Clinicians should recognize that sexually transmitted cervical infections apart from gonorrhea are common causes of increased vaginal discharge and that with a careful speculum examination and judicious use of a Gram-stained smear, it is possible to differentiate vaginal from cervical origin of the discharge.<sup>1</sup> Nongonococcal endocervicitis is the most frequent counterpart in women of nongonococcal urethritis in men. Apart from<i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis</i>is the bestdocumented cause of infectious cervicitis<sup>2,3</sup>; herpes simplex is an occasional cause, but herpetic cervicitis is rare in the absence of vulvar herpes lesions. Cultures for<i>C trachomatis</i>are available in some virology laboratories and university medical centers and in a few local and state health departments. Even without
The Principles of Hygiene. A Practical Manual for Students, Physicians and Health Officers.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal