tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health intervention coverage in 70 low-income and middle-income countries, 2000–30: trends, projections, and inequities
Authors: Md Mizanur Rahman, Thomas Rouyard, Sumaiya Tasneem Khan, Ryota Nakamura, Md Rashedul Islam, Md Sifat Hossain, Shamima Akter, Maria Lohan, Moazzam Ali, Motohiro Sato
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2023)

BackgroundMonitoring the progress in reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health (RMNCH) using the composite coverage index (CCI) is crucial to evaluate the advancement of low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) towards the attainment of Sustainable Development Goal target 3. We present current benchmarking for 70 LMICs, forecasting to 2030, and an analysis of inequities within and across countries.MethodsIn this cross-sectional secondary data analysis, we extracted 291 data points from the WHO Equity Monitor, and Demographic and Health Survey Statcompiler for 70 LMICs. We selected countries on the basis of whether they belonged to LMICs, had complete information about the predictors between 2000 and 2030, and had at least one data point related to CCI. CCI was calculated on the basis of eight types of RMNCH interventions in four domains, comprising family planning, antenatal care, immunisations, and management of childhood illnesses. This study examined CCI as the main outcome variable. Bayesian hierarchical models were used to estimate trends and projections of the CCI at regional and national levels, as well as the area of residence, educational level, and wealth quintile.FindingsDespite progress, only 18 countries are projected to reach the 80% CCI target by 2030. Regionally, CCI is projected to increase in all regions of Asia (in southern Asia from 51·8% in 2000 to 89·2% in 2030; in southeastern Asia from 58·8% to 84·4%; in central Asia from 70·3% to 87·0%; in eastern Asia from 76·8% to 82·1%; and in western Asia from 56·5% to 72·1%), Africa (in sub-Saharan Africa from 46·3% in 2000 to 72·2% in 2030 and in northern Africa from 55·0% to 81·7%), and Latin America and the Caribbean (from 67·0% in 2000 to 83·4% in 2030). By contrast, southern Europe is predicted to experience a decline in CCI over the same period (70·1% in 2000 to 55·2% in 2030). Across LMICs, CCIs are higher in urban areas, in populations in which women have higher education levels, and in populations with a high income.InterpretationGovernments of countries where the universal target of 80% CCI has not yet been reached must develop evidence-based policies aimed at enhancing RMNCH coverage. Additionally, they should focus on reducing the extent of existing inequalities within their populations to drive progress in RMNCH.FundingHitotsubashi University and Japan Society for the Promotion of Science.
Hidradenitis suppurativa tarda: defining an understudied elderly population
Authors: Deveny A Y van der Weijden, Nicole D K Koerts, Barbara C van Munster, Hessel H van der Zee, Barbara Horváth
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2023)

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, devastating, multifactorial skin disease. Patients generally develop HS after puberty and the prevalence of the disease is assumed to decrease with higher age. Data outside the usual age range are limited, especially for elderly patients.
Design principles in mechanically adaptable biomaterials for repairing annulus fibrosus rupture: A review
Authors: Dan Zhou, Hongmei Liu, Zhaomin Zheng, Decheng Wu
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2023)

Annulus fibrosus (AF) plays a crucial role in the biomechanical loading of intervertebral disc (IVD). AF is difficult to self-heal when the annulus tears develop, because AF has a unique intricate structure and biologic milieu in vivo. Tissue engineering is promising for repairing AF rupture, but construction of suitable mechanical matching devices or scaffolds is still a grand challenge. To deeply know the varied forces involved in the movement of the native annulus is highly beneficial for designing biomimetic scaffolds to recreate the AF function. In this review, we overview six freedom degrees of forces and adhesion strength on AF tissue. Then, we summarize the mechanical modalities to simulate related forces on AF and to assess the characteristics of biomaterials. We finally outline some current advanced techniques to develop mechanically adaptable biomaterials for AF rupture repair.
Large-scale proximity extension assay reveals CSF midkine and DOPA decarboxylase as supportive diagnostic biomarkers for Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Wojciech Paslawski, Shervin Khosousi, Ellen Hertz, Ioanna Markaki, Adam Boxer, Per Svenningsson
Journal: Translational Neurodegeneration (2023)

Abstract Background There is a need for biomarkers to support an accurate diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has been a successful biofluid for finding neurodegenerative biomarkers, and modern highly sensitive multiplexing methods offer the possibility to perform discovery studies. Using a large-scale multiplex proximity extension assay (PEA) approach, we aimed to discover novel diagnostic protein biomarkers allowing accurate discrimination of PD from both controls and atypical Parkinsonian disorders (APD). Methods CSF from patients with PD, corticobasal syndrome (CBS), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), multiple system atrophy and controls, were analysed with Olink PEA panels. Three cohorts were used in this study, comprising 192, 88 and 36 cases, respectively. All samples were run on the Cardiovascular II, Oncology II and Metabolism PEA panels. Results Our analysis revealed that 26 and 39 proteins were differentially expressed in the CSF of test and validation PD cohorts, respectively, compared to controls. Among them, 6 proteins were changed in both cohorts. Midkine (MK) was increased in PD with the strongest effect size and results were validated with ELISA. Another most increased protein in PD, DOPA decarboxylase (DDC), which catalyses the decarboxylation of DOPA ( L -3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine) to dopamine, was strongly correlated with dopaminergic treatment. Moreover, Kallikrein 10 was specifically changed in APD compared with both PD and controls, but unchanged between PD and controls. Wnt inhibitory factor 1 was consistently downregulated in CBS and PSP patients in two independent cohorts. Conclusions Using the large-scale PEA approach, we have identified potential novel PD diagnostic biomarkers, most notably MK and DDC, in the CSF of PD patients.
Association Between Dialysis Facility Ownership and Mortality Risk in Children With Kidney Failure
Authors: Elaine Ku, Charles E. McCulloch, Alexandra Bicki, Feng Lin, Isabelle Lopez, Susan L. Furth, Bradley A. Warady, Barbara A. Grimes, Sandra Amaral
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2023)

Importance In adults, treatment at profit dialysis facilities has been associated with a higher risk of death. Objective To determine whether profit status of dialysis facilities is associated with the risk of death in children with kidney failure treated with dialysis and whether any such association is mediated by differences in access to transplant. Design, Setting, and Participants This retrospective cohort study reviewed US Renal Data System records of 15 359 children who began receiving dialysis for kidney failure between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2019, in US dialysis facilities. The data analysis was performed between May 2, 2022, and June 15, 2023. Exposure Time-updated profit status of dialysis facilities. Main Outcomes and Measures Adjusted Fine-Gray models were used to determine the association of time-updated profit status of dialysis facilities with risk of death, treating kidney transplant as a competing risk. Cox proportional hazards regression models were also used to determine time-updated profit status with risk of death regardless of transplant status. Results The final cohort included 8465 boys (55.3%) and 6832 girls (44.7%) (median [IQR] age, 12 [3-15] years). During a median follow-up of 1.4 (IQR, 0.6-2.7) years, with censoring at transplant, the incidence of death was higher at profit vs nonprofit facilities (7.03 vs 4.06 per 100 person-years, respectively). Children treated at profit facilities had a 2.07-fold (95% CI, 1.83-2.35) higher risk of death compared with children at nonprofit facilities in adjusted analyses accounting for the competing risk of transplant. When follow-up was extended regardless of transplant status, the risk of death remained higher for children treated in profit facilities (hazard ratio, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.35-1.61). Lower access to transplant in profit facilities mediated 67% of the association between facility profit status and risk of death (95% CI, 45%-100%). Conclusions and Relevance Given the higher risk of death associated with profit dialysis facilities that is partially mediated by lower access to transplant, the study’s findings indicate a need to identify root causes and targeted interventions that can improve mortality outcomes for children treated in these facilities.
Engineering immunosuppressive drug-resistant armored (IDRA) SARS-CoV-2 T cells for cell therapy
Authors: Qi Chen, Adeline Chia, Shou Kit Hang, Amy Lim, Wee Kun Koh, Yanchun Peng, Fei Gao, Jili Chen, Zack Ho, Lu-En Wai, Kamini Kunasegaran, Anthony Tanoto Tan, Nina Le Bert, Chiew Yee Loh, Yun Shan Goh, Laurent Renia, Tao Dong, Anantharaman Vathsala, Antonio Bertoletti
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2023)
Four-Factor Prothrombin Complex Concentrate for Patients With Trauma—Reply
Authors: Pierre Bouzat, Tobias Gauss
Journal: JAMA (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Bendamustine lymphodepletion is a well‐tolerated alternative to fludarabine and cyclophosphamide lymphodepletion for axicabtagene ciloleucel therapy for aggressive B‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Shin Yeu Ong, Stacy Pak, Matthew Mei, Yan Wang, Leslie Popplewell, John H. Baird, Alex F. Herrera, Geoffrey Shouse, Liana Nikolaenko, Jasmine Zain, James Godfrey, Myo Htut, Ahmed Aribi, Ricardo Spielberger, Joshua Mansour, Stephen J. Forman, Joycelynne Palmer, Lihua E. Budde
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2023)

Fludarabine/cyclophosphamide (Flu/Cy) is established for lymphodepletion (LD) prior to standard-of-care CAR T-cell therapy for lymphoma. There is ongoing need to test alternative LD regimens to preserve efficacy, improve safety, and address challenges including the recent national fludarabine shortage. We retrospectively evaluated outcomes among patients with relapsed/refractory aggressive B-cell lymphoma who received bendamustine (n = 27) or Flu/Cy (n = 42) LD before axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel) at our institution. The median change in absolute lymphocyte count from pre-LD to time of axi-cel infusion was -0.6×10
Years of Life Lost to Firearm Suicide Among Young People in the US
Authors: Stephanie Garcia, Parker Entrup, O. Trent Hall, Megan Deaner, Arielle Thomas, Robert Lim
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2023)

This cross-sectional study examines years of life lost among the top 3 causes of death and compares firearm suicide with other methods of suicide among individuals aged 10 to 24 years in the US.
Vaccines and the Risk of Hospitalization for Multiple Sclerosis Flare-Ups
Authors: Lamiae Grimaldi, Caroline Papeix, Yann Hamon, Albert Buchard, Yola Moride, Jacques Benichou, Tom Duchemin, Lucien Abenhaim
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2023)

Scientific literature is sparse about the association of vaccination with the onset of multiple sclerosis (MS) flare-ups. Immunization by vaccines of the entire population is crucially important for public health.
Canceling Discontinued Electronic Prescriptions
Authors: Grace Zhang, Deborah Grady
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
The Unexpected Benefit of TCR Cross-Reactivity in Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Florian Bieberich, Sai T. Reddy
Journal: Cancer Research (2023)

Abstract The ability of T-cell receptors (TCR) to recognize tumor-associated antigens (TAA) is a key driver of adoptive transfer of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) T cells, which can be a highly effective cancer immunotherapy. While it is common knowledge that TCRs are cross-reactive and can bind multiple different peptide antigens, this is typically considered an unattractive feature and limitation for TCR-based therapies. In a recent publication in Cell, Dolton and colleagues discover that certain TCRs, isolated from TILs used for successful treatment of melanoma, possess beneficial cross-reactivity by recognizing multiple TAA. Moreover, they elucidate the cumulative value of TCR cross-reactivity on cancer cell eradication and its prospective advantages for targeted cancer immunotherapies.
US Hepatitis C Elimination Plan
Authors: Justin Berk, Alain Litwin, Matthew Murphy
Journal: JAMA (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Vegan Diet and Food Costs Among Adults With Overweight
Authors: Hana Kahleova, Macy Sutton, Cristina Maracine, Daniel Nichols, Pablo Monsivais, Richard Holubkov, Neal D. Barnard
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

This secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial investigates the effects of a vegan diet on total food costs per day.
Eye-Tracking–Based Measurement of Social Visual Engagement Compared With Expert Clinical Diagnosis of Autism
Authors: Warren Jones, Cheryl Klaiman, Shana Richardson, Christa Aoki, Christopher Smith, Mendy Minjarez, Raphael Bernier, Ernest Pedapati, Somer Bishop, Whitney Ence, Allison Wainer, Jennifer Moriuchi, Sew-Wah Tay, Ami Klin
Journal: JAMA (2023)

Importance In the US, children with signs of autism often experience more than 1 year of delay before diagnosis and often experience longer delays if they are from racially, ethnically, or economically disadvantaged backgrounds. Most diagnoses are also received without use of standardized diagnostic instruments. To aid in early autism diagnosis, eye-tracking measurement of social visual engagement has shown potential as a performance-based biomarker. Objective To evaluate the performance of eye-tracking measurement of social visual engagement (index test) relative to expert clinical diagnosis in young children referred to specialty autism clinics. Design, Setting, and Participants In this study of 16- to 30-month-old children enrolled at 6 US specialty centers from April 2018 through May 2019, staff blind to clinical diagnoses used automated devices to measure eye-tracking–based social visual engagement. Expert clinical diagnoses were made using best practice standardized protocols by specialists blind to index test results. This study was completed in a 1-day protocol for each participant. Main Outcomes and Measures Primary outcome measures were test sensitivity and specificity relative to expert clinical diagnosis. Secondary outcome measures were test correlations with expert clinical assessments of social disability, verbal ability, and nonverbal cognitive ability. Results Eye-tracking measurement of social visual engagement was successful in 475 (95.2%) of the 499 enrolled children (mean [SD] age, 24.1 [4.4] months; 38 [8.0%] were Asian; 37 [7.8%], Black; 352 [74.1%], White; 44 [9.3%], other; and 68 [14.3%], Hispanic). By expert clinical diagnosis, 221 children (46.5%) had autism and 254 (53.5%) did not. In all children, measurement of social visual engagement had sensitivity of 71.0% (95% CI, 64.7% to 76.6%) and specificity of 80.7% (95% CI, 75.4% to 85.1%). In the subgroup of 335 children whose autism diagnosis was certain, sensitivity was 78.0% (95% CI, 70.7% to 83.9%) and specificity was 85.4% (95% CI, 79.5% to 89.8%). Eye-tracking test results correlated with expert clinical assessments of individual levels of social disability ( r = −0.75 [95% CI, −0.79 to −0.71]), verbal ability ( r = 0.65 [95% CI, 0.59 to 0.70]), and nonverbal cognitive ability ( r = 0.65 [95% CI, 0.59 to 0.70]). Conclusions and Relevance In 16- to 30-month-old children referred to specialty clinics, eye-tracking–based measurement of social visual engagement was predictive of autism diagnoses by clinical experts. Further evaluation of this test’s role in early diagnosis and assessment of autism in routine specialty clinic practice is warranted. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03469986
New Cancer Diagnoses Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kathleen M. Decker, Allison Feely, Oliver Bucher, Piotr Czaykowski, Pamela Hebbard, Julian O. Kim, Marshall Pitz, Harminder Singh, Maclean Thiessen, Pascal Lambert
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Disruptions to health care during the COVID-19 pandemic may have led to missed cancer diagnoses. It is critical to evaluate the association between the COVID-19 pandemic and cancer incidence to address public and patient anxiety, inform recovery efforts, and identify strategies to reduce the system's vulnerability to future disruptions.To examine the association between the COVID-19 pandemic and cancer incidence in Manitoba, Canada.A population-based cross-sectional study design was conducted using data from the Manitoba Cancer Registry and an interrupted time-series analysis. All individuals diagnosed with cancer in Manitoba, Canada, from January 1, 2015, until December 31, 2021, were included. Individuals diagnosed with breast, colon, rectal, or lung cancer were grouped by age as follows: younger than 50 years, 50 to 74 years, and 75 years and older.COVID-19 pandemic.Age-standardized cancer incidence rates and the estimated cumulative difference between the number of cases in the absence of COVID-19 and observed (fitted) number of cancer cases.A total of 48 378 individuals were included. The median (IQR) age at diagnosis was 68 (59-77) years and 23 972 participants (49.6%) were female. In April 2020, there was a 23% decrease in overall cancer incidence. Cancer incidence decreased by 46% for breast, 35% for colon, 47% for rectal, 50% for head and neck, 65% for melanoma, and 33% for endocrine cancer diagnoses and increased by 12% for hematological cancer diagnoses and 8% for diagnoses of cancers with an unknown primary site. Lung cancer incidence remained stable until December 2020 when it decreased by 11%. Brain and central nervous system and urinary cancer diagnoses decreased consistently over time from April 2020 to December 2021 by 26% and 12%, respectively. No association was observed with gynecologic (1% increase), other digestive (1% decrease), or pancreatic (7% increase) cancer incidence. As of December 2021, Manitoba had an estimated deficit of 692 (5.3%) cancers. The largest estimated deficits were for breast (273 cases, 14.1% deficit), colon (133 cases, 12.2% deficit), and lung cancers (132 cases, 7.6% deficit).In this study, the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with an initial decrease in cancer diagnosis incidence followed by a recovery for most cancer sites. However, the cumulative deficit for some cancers with high fatality needs immediate attention.