tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Sorbinil and Limited Joint Mobility in Diabetics
Authors: Robert N. Frank
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The finding of Eaton et al,<sup>1</sup>that administration of the aldose-reductase inhibitor, sorbinil, markedly improves joint mobility in the hands of diabetic patients, is of considerable interest. However, I take issue with their suggested explanation, namely, that it is due to reduction of excessive hydration of tendon collagen, produced by decreasing the local concentration of sorbitol. Recently, we<sup>2</sup>and others<sup>3</sup>have also reported changes in extracellular matrix with marked thickening and other morphological alterations of vascular basement membranes in galactosemic rats. These changes appeared to be identical with the abnormalities seen in diabetic patients, and they could also be prevented by sorbinil. We hesitated to explain these findings using the osmotic hypothesis that has been advanced to explain diabetic and galactosemic cataractogenesis,<sup>4</sup>and that, in only slightly varied form, Eaton et al appear to be proposing to explain their results. The reason is
Highlights from Recent Cancer Literature
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Systemic GlioblastomaBetween 10% and 20% of recipients of organs from patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) brain tumors develop extracranial metastases in the transplanted organs, suggesting that a fraction of GBM tumors might disseminate systemically.M€ uller and colleagues show that 20% of GBM patients carry circulating GBM tumor cells.The systemic presence of GBM circulating tumor cells was associated with amplification of EGFR, suggesting this receptor tyrosine kinase might fuel dissemination and contribute to systemic extracranial dormant GBM.Detection of GBM circulating tumor cells as well as dormant GBM disseminated tumor cells has implications for selection of organ donors and for follow-up of those rare GBM patients who show long-term survival and may develop extracranial metastasis.(Image courtesy of Wikimedia Commons.)
Unresponsiveness of hepatic nitrogen metabolism to glucagon infusion in patients with cirrhosis: Dependence on liver cell failure
Authors: Andrea Fabbri, Giulio Marchesini, Giampaolo Bianchi, Elisabetta Bugianesi, Lucia Bortoluzzi, Marco Zol, Emilio Pis
Journal: Hepatology (1993)

Glucagon exerts an up-regulatory effect on hepatic nitrogen metabolism in healthy subjects, but its potential role in the presence of liver failure is uncertain. The effects of glucagon on urea synthesis and hepatic nitrogen clearance during alanine infusion were studied in five control subjects and six cirrhotic patients in paired experiments at spontaneous glucagon concentrations and at high physiological glucagon levels (≈ 300 to 500 pmol · L −1 ) induced by a 7.5-hr continuous glucagon infusion. In all experiments the urea nitrogen synthesis rate increased linearly with increasing α-amino-nitrogen concentrations. At spontaneous glucagon concentrations the dynamics of α-amino nitrogen to urea nitrogen conversion (functional hepatic nitrogen clearance) were significantly reduced in cirrhosis (23.2 ± 6.7 L · hr −1 vs. 35.3 ± 8.0 L · hr −1 , p &lt; 0.05) in relation to decreased liver function. Glucagon superinfusion caused a 63% increase in the dynamics of the process in controls (57.7 ± 11.0 L · hr −1 ; p vs. spontaneous glucagon, p &lt; 0.01), whereas in cirrhosis it increased on average by only 15% (26.7 ± 10.7; p = NS). The glucagon-induced change in functional hepatic nitrogen clearance significantly correlated with galactose elimination capacity and antipyrine clearance (r = 0.905 and 0.964, respectively). Glucagon, in high physiological concentrations achieved with glucagon infusion, does not produce significant effects on hepatic nitrogen metabolism in cirrhosis. The reduced sensitivity of the cirrhotic liver to glucagon seems to be dependent on decreased hepatocellular function. These data do not support the role of glucagon as a “catabolic” hormone in cirrhosis. (Hepatology 1993;18:28-35).
Graying of America Stimulates More Research on Aging-Associated Factors
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1994)

AN INVESTIGATOR who should know perhaps puts it best. "Many more surprises concerning the aging process are likely to be forthcoming." The published prediction (in a National Institutes of Health booklet,<i>With the Passage of Time</i>) is from Reubin Andres, MD, the National Institute on Aging's (NIA) clinical director and chief of its Laboratory of Clinical Physiology, now in his 35th year at the institute's Gerontology Research Center, Baltimore, Md. <h3>Nothing's as Individual as Aging</h3> Among many reasons this forecast is likely to come true, says George R. Martin, PhD, who retired recently as the NIA's scientific director, is that differing environmental, genetic, lifestyle, and other factors make aging a highly individual process that extends even to variability in aging of one person's organs. See also p 1569. Underlining the latter point, Edward G. Lakatta, MD, chief of the Baltimore center's Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, and—since Martin's retirement—acting scientific director,
Bad Debt and Uncompensated Care
Authors: Saul J. Weiner
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Dunham et al<sup>1</sup>presented interesting data on bad debt and uncompensated care in office-based practices. They surveyed physicians in various urban, suburban, and rural office-based settings and obtained data from which they estimated losses of $4300, $9300, and $7500 overall for charity care, bad debt, and discounted Medicaid care, respectively. As these sorts of data are collected, it becomes imperative to think about what these numbers mean in terms of costs and the impact on the providers who are absorbing these losses. For example, consider the concept of bad debt. "Bad debt" is a bookkeeping phenomenon of practices that record losses from payments lower than their usual and customary fee. The usual and customary fee is a "sticker price" that is set by each practice for each service and is generally competitive with other practices in the local area. The amount of bad debt is affected
Erythrocyte Promotion of Platelet Reactivity Decreases the Effectiveness of Aspirin as an Antithrombotic Therapeutic Modality
Authors: I.A. Jagroop, D.P. Mikhailidis
Journal: Circulation (1998)

To the Editor:Moussa and colleagues report restenosis in 43 (22%) of 201 lesions and 31 (37%) of 84 patients undergoing multivessel coronary stenting at angiographic follow-up at a mean of 5.2 months. 1 Confirmation of the lesion-to-lesion independence of restenosis after balloon angioplasty or stenting has validated lesion-based restenosis analysis in patients with multivessel disease. 2 Restenosis rates for patients with multiple treated lesions can therefore be calculated and equal the sum of the independent probabilities of restenosis.Given a lesion restenosis rate of 22% after stenting, the proportion of patients with restenosis at Ն1 site for 2, 3, 4, or 5 treated lesions would be 39%, 53%, 63%, and 71%, respectively.Moussa et al treated 2 lesions in 66 patients, 3 lesions in 24 patients, 4 lesions in 5 patients, and 5 lesions in 3 patients, which gives a predicted restenosis rate by patient of 45%, slightly higher than the observed 37%.This difference may be due to chance or to clustering of restenosis in particular patients.Clustering is supported by the observation that 20 (47%) of 43 restenotic lesions occurred in 8 (10%) of 84 patients 1 (PϽ0.05by comparison of proportions).Further information on these 8 patients, including diabetic status, postprocedure lumen diameter, number of lesions treated, and number of stents used per lesion, should be provided.The existence of distinct lesion populations with differing propensities for restenosis may be of particular relevance to case selection.Patients with multivessel disease may have lesions requiring dilation that are amenable to balloon angioplasty but not to stenting.Furthermore, restenosis rates are higher after vein graft interventions.The disproportionate impact of lesion restenosis rate and the number of lesions treated on the patient's overall risk of restenosis should be underscored.On the basis of lesion restenosis rates from the STRESS, 3 BENESTENT, 4 and SAVED 5 trials, a hypothetical patient who had 1 coronary stenosis stented, a second ballooned, and stent placement for a third vein graft lesion would have a predicted overall restenosis rate of 71%.In the study by Moussa et al, 1 two thirds of the patients had only 2 lesions stented, which partly explains their good results.What do the authors believe are the implications of these observations for case selection, including the issue of left ventricular dysfunction for which completeness of revascularization may be prognostically important?Should there be a limit to the number of lesions treated?Is a more complete follow-up, including coronary angiography, advisable in these patients?
Editorial: Loaded language and drug use
Authors: C. G. Roland
Journal: JAMA (1973)

One definition of rhetoric is "language designed to persuade or impress." Some authors of medical articles use this form of rhetoric in an effort to persuade readers to accept opinions about scientific issues. Realistically, of course, rhetoric cannot be eliminated entirely. But if authors and editors guard against it, its,use can be constricted markedly. A writer's choice of words often reveals personal bias toward his subject, particularly when this subject evokes strong emotions. Because scientists generally agree that their observations and conclusions should be presented with as little emotional or moral bias as possible, rhetoric should be avoided in scientific writing. If it is not, and an author's biases are confirmed by his scientific results, the use of rhetoric can leave an unsuitably strong impression in the readers' minds. If, on the other hand, his biases tend to be undermined by his results, he may subtly and unconsciously disparage his
Late-breaking abstracts
Journal: Hepatology (2013)

Back grou n d: Recurrence of hepatitis C (HCV) infection is the most common cause of graft loss and mortality in HCV-infected liver-transplant recipients.Interferon-based post-transplantation antiviral regimens, including those utilizing protease inhibitors, are poorly tolerated and achieve sustained virologic response rates (SVR) that are lower than in nontransplant patients.The nucleotide HCV polymerase inhibitor sofosbuvir (SOF) has a high barrier to resistance, lacks interactions with immunosuppressive agents, and has a favorable safety profile.Met h ods : In this ongoing single-arm, open-label interferon-free pilot study, naïve and treatment-experienced patients with recurrent HCV infection (any HCV genotype) after liver transplantation received up to 24 weeks of SOF 400 mg and RBV (dose regimen starting at 400 mg/day).Patients were ≥18 years of age and at least 6 months post-transplantation.The primary efficacy endpoint is SVR (HCV RNA <25 IU/mL) 12 weeks after completion of study treatment.R es u lt s :Forty patients (22 GT 1a, 11 GT 1b, 6 GT 3, 1 GT 4) have been enrolled.Mean age 59 years, 78% male, 8% black, 3% Hispanic: 88% previously treated [9 previously treated with protease inhibitors], mean baseline HCV RNA of 6.55 log10 IU/mL [range 4.49-7.59log10 IU/mL], and 40% cirrhosis.The mean duration of treatment is 23.2 weeks (15.1-24.4weeks).Five patients remain on treatment and 2 patients have discontinued treatment due to adverse events (AE) of pneumonia and HCC progression.By week 4 on treatment, 100% of patients had HCV RNA <25 IU/mL.The interim SVR4 rate is 21/26 (80.8%), 90% 2-sided Clopper Pearson CI (63.7 to 92.1%).There were no episodes of acute or chronic rejection.No drug interaction dose adjustments of immunosuppression have been required.Treatment with SOF and RBV has been well tolerated.Six patients have experienced treatment-related serious adverse events not related to SOF and 31 patients (78%) experienced treatmentemergent, treatment-related AEs.Seven subjects (18%) experienced mild to moderate anemia.The most common adverse events were fatigue, arthralgia, headache, and diarrhea.Co nclu s io n s : Administration of SOF and RBV after liver transplantation in the setting of established HCV recurrence has been well tolerated and achieved an early SVR4 rate to date of 81%.There were no episodes of rejection or drug interaction.SVR12 data will be presented.
New Research Center Added to Fight Against AIDS
Authors: Paul Cotton
Journal: JAMA (1993)

A PUBLIC/PRIVATE partnership has wrought a glimmering new $45-million basic research center for the fight against acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology is on the campus of San Francisco General Hospital and affiliated with the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF). With a staff of 45 investigators working in five teams, it is the second largest center for basic scientific research on AIDS in the United States, exceeded only by the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. Basic research is key in AIDS, says director Warner C. Greene, MD, PhD, because scientists still do not know such basic things about AIDS as how the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), thought to cause the disease, actually destroys the immune system. "We are trying to understand in exquisite detail how this virus works," he says. With the limited benefit of existing drugs for AIDS becoming ever more painfully
Hepatic Encephalopathy.
Authors: E L Rogers
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

In summary, then, it can be said that hepatic encephalopathy is a process caused by the underlying inability of the certain products to be metabolized in a damaged liver. These products lead to altered neurotransmission with the resulting neurologic finding of altered affect, confusion, somnolence, or coma. Augmentation of the neurologic deficit occurs when the patient suffers additional metabolic insults. Treatment of the patient with hepatic encephalopathy requires careful monitoring and aggressive therapy for those factors known to precipitate encephalopathy, as well as treatment of the underlying hepatic process and encephalopathy.
Editorial Board and Contents
Authors: Caryn Navarro, Danielle Loughlin, Paige Shaklee, Yvonne Philippo, Ria Otten, Patrick Scheffmann, Erik Andersen, Kirsten Bomblies, Martha Bulyk, Ling Chen, Andy Clark, Sue Clark, Susan Gasser, David Goldstein, Leonard Guarente, Yoshihide Hayashizaki, Steven Henikoff, Chris Hittinger, Laurence Hurst, Angela Nieto, Chris Ponting, Claudio Scazzocchio, Bob Schmitz, Nicole Soranzo, Trisha Wittkopp, Joanna Wysocka
Journal: Trends in Genetics (2017)
Changing of the Guard
Authors: William R. Barclay
Journal: JAMA (1973)

The<i>Journal of the American Medical Association</i>has enjoyed a succession of distinguished editors. Each has contributed his own unique style, expertise, and philosophy. With each new editorThe Journalhas changed, met the challenges of its times, and grown in circulation and stature. With volume 226 Dr. Hugh H. Hussey will finish four years at the helm and pass the editorship to Dr. Robert H. Moser. Hugh Hussey, formerly chairman of medicine and dean at Georgetown University, has served the American Medical Association as a trustee, chairman of the Board, director of Scientific Activities, and editor in chief of Scientific Publications. He will remain on the AMA staff as editor emeritus and assume additional new duties on behalf of AMA's many scientific enterprises. Dr. Moser retired from the US Army Medical Corps with the rank of Colonel in 1969. He served as Chief of Medicine at William Beaumont, at
Persons One and Three: A Study in Multiple Personalities
Journal: JAMA (1934)

This book is a record of an interesting case of dual or triple personality in a man mentally affected by war experiences and subsequent excitations. As is to be expected in a recital of this kind there are some repetitions, but they do not become tedious or impair the general action because they are necessary in the presentation of the history of the patient to connect the different episodes into a presentable sequence. Franz does not pretend to offer any psychologic or psychoanalytic explanation of his case and does not aim at making any dramatic impression, but he presents a faithful relation of the history as he uncovered it in a contact of two years with the man he studied, during which time he succeeded in restoring almost completely his patient's original personality. The book makes agreeable reading and is worthy of notice by those interested in such subjects.
X-ray Therapy and Thyroid Tumors
Authors: Ervin Epstein
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In a letter toThe Journal(<b>209:</b>1529, 1969), I reported the family of four children, two of whom had acne and received x-ray therapy and two younger children who did not manifest this dermatosis and so were not exposed to these rays. The younger boy developed a thyroid cancer at the age of 22 years. Two years later (one year after the previous communication), at the age of 22 years, the younger girl had her thyroid explored surgically because of a nodule in this gland. Histologically, it was proved to be benign. It is of interest and probably of medical and medicolegal significance that the two younger, unirradiated siblings suffered from tumors of the thyroid while the two older, irradiated children remained free from these neoplasms. There was no family history of thyroid tumors.
Drugs in Management of Hyperkinetic and Perceptually Handicapped Children
Authors: J. Gordon Millichap
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Drugs are useful in the symptomatic treatment of hyperkinetic and perceptually handicapped children, but their administration should be preceded by a careful clinical evaluation. On the basis of present evidence, short-term trials of drugs are justified as an adjunct to remedial methods of education. Central nervous system stimulants are the agents of choice. Chlordiazepoxide and chlorpromazine are recommended as alternative agents in patients who fail to respond to methylphenidate or dextroamphetamine. Diphenylhydantoin sodium or primidone, alone or in combination with a stimulant or antianxiety or antipsychotic agent, is indicated when signs and symptoms of minimal brain dysfunction include seizures or electroencephalographic evidence of epilepsy. Phenobarbital usually exacerbates hyperactivity and is contraindicated. The use of central nervous system stimulants and mood-modifying agents for prolonged periods should await further evaluation by long-term controlled studies.
The Care and Feeding of Children;
Journal: JAMA (1894)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita with hypoplasia of the right iliac and femoral veins
Authors: J.M. MORGAN, G.P. NAISBY, A.J. CARMICHAEL
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

We describe a 37-year-old woman with an extensive congenital reticulate vascular naevus affecting predominantly the right side of the body associated with a naevus anaemicus. Investigation of persistent ulceration and scarring of the lower legs revealed right-sided hypoplasia of the hemipelvis and underlying ipsilateral hypoplasia of the deep veins of the pelvis and leg. This association has not previously been reported and its implications for morbidity and management are discussed.
Communicable and Infectious Diseases. Diagnosis, Prevention, Treatment.
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

to appreciate the main story.So much attention is paid to the types, the groups, the antigens and the classification of salmonella and of streptococci, that there is a danger of dullness and of obscuring matters of interest and importance.These are minor criticisms.The two volumes could well be consulted by those with some general bacteriological knowledge but with little training in veterinary pathology; they should be used extensively by those who have had a veterinary training for herein lies an immense amount of well-documented information.
A General Introduction to Psychoanalysis.
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Exploration clinique et diagnostic chirurgical.
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal