tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Relationship between baseline electrocardiographic measurements and outcomes in patients with high‐risk heart failure: Insights from the <scp>VerICiguaT</scp> Global Study in Subjects with Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (<scp>VICTORIA</scp>) trial
Authors: Haran Yogasundaram, Yinggan Zheng, Eric Ly, Justin Ezekowitz, Piotr Ponikowski, Carolyn S.P. Lam, Christopher O'Connor, Robert O. Blaustein, Lothar Roessig, Tracy Temple, Cynthia M. Westerhout, Paul W. Armstrong, Roopinder K. Sandhu
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2023)

Whether electrocardiographic (ECG) measurements predict mortality in chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is unknown.We studied 4880 patients from the Vericiguat Global Study in Subjects with Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (VICTORIA) trial with a baseline 12-lead ECG. Associations between ECG measurements and mortality were estimated as hazard ratios (HR) and adjusted for the Meta-Analysis Global Group in Chronic Heart Failure (MAGGIC) risk score, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, and index event. Select interactions between ECG measurements, patient characteristics and mortality were examined. Over a median of 10.8 months, there were 824 cardiovascular (CV) deaths (214 sudden) and 1005 all-cause deaths. Median age was 68 years (interquartile range [IQR] 60-76), 24% were women, median ejection fraction was 30% (IQR 23-35), 41% had New York Heart Association class III/IV, and median MAGGIC score was 24 (IQR 19-28). After multivariable adjustment, significant associations existed between heart rate (per 5 bpm: HR 1.02), QRS duration (per 10 ms: HR 1.02), absence of left ventricular hypertrophy (HR 0.64) and CV death, and similarly so with all-cause death (HR 1.02; HR 1.02; HR 0.61, respectively). Contiguous pathologic Q waves were significantly associated with sudden death (HR 1.46), and right ventricular hypertrophy with all-cause death (HR 1.44). The only sex-based interaction observed was for pathologic Q waves on CV (men: HR 1.05; women: HR 1.64, pinteraction = 0.024) and all-cause death (men: HR 0.99; women: HR 1.57; pinteraction = 0.010). Whereas sudden death doubled in females, it did not differ among males (male: HR 1.25, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.87-1.79; female: HR 2.50, 95% CI 1.23-5.06; pinteraction = 0.141).Routine ECG measurements provide additional prognostication of mortality in high-risk HFrEF patients, particularly in women with contiguous pathologic Q waves.
Acyl ghrelin infusion increases circulating growth hormone in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Camilla Hage, Marcus Ståhlberg, Tonje Thorvaldsen, Ulrika L. Faxén, Gianluigi Pironti, Dominic‐Luc Webb, Per M. Hellström, Daniel C. Andersson, Lars H. Lund
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2023)

Supporting Information Supplementary Figure 1. Associations between baseline characteristics and below (left) and above (right) median of the AUC growth hormone. (BMI= Body Mass Index; EF =Ejection Fraction; eGFR=estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate; HF=Heart Failure; HOMA-IR= Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance; LV= Left Ventricular, NT-proBNP= N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide) Statistical analyses were performed using SAS software version 9.3 (SAS Institute, Cary, North Carolina). Supplementary Table 1. Baseline characteristics in HFrEF patients receiving acyl ghrelin presented in GH high responders compared to GH low responders. Continuous variables are presented as median and lower and upper quartiles (Q1;Q3) and categorical variables as numbers (n) and percentages (%). Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
The curious case of <i>Prevotella copri</i>
Authors: Nehal Adel Abdelsalam, Shaimaa M. Hegazy, Ramy K. Aziz
Journal: Gut Microbes (2023)

Prevotella copri is an abundant member of the human gastrointestinal microbiome, whose relative abundance has curiously been associated with positive and negative impacts on diseases, such as Parkinson’s disease and rheumatoid arthritis. Yet, the verdict is still out on the definitive role of P. copri in human health, and on the effect of different diets on its relative abundance in the gut microbiome. The puzzling discrepancies among P. copri studies have only recently been attributed to the diversity of its strains, which substantially differ in their encoded metabolic patterns from the commonly used reference strain. However, such strain differences cannot be resolved by common 16S rRNA amplicon profiling methods. Here, we scrutinize P. copri, its versatile metabolic potential, and the hypotheses behind the conflicting observations on its association with diet and human health. We also provide suggestions for designing studies and bioinformatics pipelines to better research P. copri.
Direct Dispensation of Prenatal Supplements With Iron and Anemia Among Pregnant People
Authors: Lisa R. Thiele, Elaine L. Duryea, Alexandra S. Ragsdale, Carrie A. Berge, Donald D. McIntire, David B. Nelson, Catherine Y. Spong
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Postpartum transfusion is the most common indicator of severe maternal morbidity in the US. Higher rates of anemia are associated with a higher blood transfusion rate.To determine if providing, rather than recommending, supplements with iron at prenatal visits in a medically underserved community is associated with improved hematologic indices and reduced blood transfusion.In this quality improvement study, patients who delivered between May 13 and December 13, 2020, and thus were provided a prenatal supplement with iron throughout pregnancy were compared with those who delivered between January 1 and August 1, 2019, before supplements were dispensed. The study was conducted at Parkland Health, a safety net hospital in Dallas, Texas, with a 95% Medicaid-funded or self-pay population and included all patients who delivered at our institution during the study period with available hematologic data.In the earlier cohort, all patients were recommended to obtain and take iron supplements. In the later cohort, prenatal supplements with iron were dispensed via clinic pharmacy to all patients during prenatal visits.Maternal hematocrit levels (28-32 weeks, delivery admission, and discharge), rates of anemia (hematocrit <30%), and postpartum transfusion for acute blood loss anemia were compared using χ2 and analysis of variance methods with P < .05 considered significant. The analysis took place in July of 2022.Overall, 13 910 patients (98%) met inclusion criteria (mean age [SD], 27.9 [6.5] and 27.6 [6.5] years, mean [SD] body mass index at first visit, 29.2 [6.6] and 29.3 [6.6]). Mosty of the patients in both cohorts were of Hispanic ethnicity (76%). Providing iron-containing prenatal supplements was associated with higher average hematocrit levels at all time points including a mean difference of 1.27% (95% CI, 1.13%-1.42%) on admission for delivery, when compared with those who were not directly dispensed iron. Among patients prior to providing supplements, 18% had anemia on admission compared with 11% with iron-containing supplements dispensed (risk ratio [RR], 0.61; 95% CI, 0.56-0.66). Postpartum transfusion for acute blood loss anemia was reduced by one-third in patients after program implementation from 10 per 1000 to 6.6 per 1000 (RR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.43-0.91).In this quality improvement study, providing supplements with iron to patients at prenatal visits was associated with improved hematocrit levels, rates of anemia, and reduced transfusions unrelated to obstetric catastrophes among a predominantly Medicaid population.
Immunology for the Rheumatologist: <i>Arthritis &amp; Rheumatology</i> Introduces a New <scp>Problem‐Based</scp> Immunology Review Series With Great Educational Potential
Authors: Richard Bucala, Daniel H. Solomon
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2023)

Disclosure Form Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Shifts in the Hospital Care of Children in the US—A Health Equity Challenge
Authors: Sanjay Mahant, Astrid Guttmann
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

JoAnna K. Leyenaar, MD, PhD, MPH; Seneca D. Freyleue, MS; Mary Arakelyan, MPH; David C. Goodman, MD, MS; A. James O'Malley, PhD
Genome Sequencing for Newborn Screening—An Effective Approach for Tackling Rare Diseases
Authors: Shan Jiang, Haiyin Wang, Yuanyuan Gu
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Ting Chen, MM; Chunna Fan, PhD; Yonglan Huang, MD; Jizhen Feng, BSc; Yinhong Zhang, MM; Jingkun Miao, MD; Xiaohua Wang, PhD; Yulin Li, MM; Cidan Huang, BM; Weiwei Jin, MSc; Chengfang Tang, MSc; Lulu Feng, BSc; Yifan Yin, MM; Bo Zhu, BM; Meng Sun, MM; Xiulian Liu, MSc; Jiale Xiang, PhD; Minyi Tan, MM; Liyun Jia, MSc; Lei Chen, MSc; Hui Huang, PhD; Huanhuan Peng, BSc; Xin Sun, PhD; Xuefan Gu, PhD; Zhiyu Peng, PhD; Baosheng Zhu, MSc; Hui Zou, MD; Lianshu Han, MD
A Centralized EHR-Based Model for the Recruitment of Rural and Lower Socioeconomic Participants in Pragmatic Trials
Authors: Cynthia Hau, Jimmy T. Efird, Sarah M. Leatherman, Oleg V. Soloviev, Peter A. Glassman, Patricia A. Woods, Areef Ishani, William C. Cushman, Ryan E. Ferguson
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Participant diversity is important for reducing study bias and increasing generalizability of comparative effectiveness research.Demonstrate the operational efficiency of a centralized electronic health record (EHR)-based model for recruiting difficult-to-reach participants in a pragmatic trial.This comparative effectiveness study was a secondary analysis of Diuretic Comparison Project, a randomized clinical trial conducted between 2016 and 2022 (mean [SD] follow-up, 2.4 [1.4] years) comparing 2 commonly prescribed antihypertensives, which used an EHR-based recruitment model. Electronic study workflows, in tandem with routine clinical practice, were adapted by 72 Veteran Affairs (VA) primary care networks. Data were analyzed from August to December 2022.Measures reflecting recruitment capacity (monthly rate), operational efficiency (median time for completion of electronic procedures), and geographic reach (percentage of patients recruited from rural areas) were examined.A total of 13 523 patients with hypertension (mean [SD] age, 72 [5.4] years; 13 092 male [96.8%]) were recruited from 537 outpatient clinics. Approximately 205 patients were randomized per month and a median of 35 days (Q1-Q3, 23-80 days) was needed to complete electronic recruitment. The annual income was below the national median for 69% of the cohort. Patients from all 50 states, Puerto Rico, and the District of Columbia were included and 45% resided in rural areas.In this secondary analysis of a multicenter pragmatic trial, a centralized EHR-based recruitment model was associated with improved participation from underrepresented groups. These participants often are difficult to reach, with their exclusion potentially biasing trial results; eliminating in-person study visits and local site involvement can minimize barriers for the recruitment of patients from rural and lower socioeconomic areas.The Diuretic Comparison Project (DCP) was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02185417.
Antioxidants stimulate BACH1-dependent tumor angiogenesis
Authors: Ting Wang, Yongqiang Dong, Zhiqiang Huang, Guoqing Zhang, Ying Zhao, Haidong Yao, Jianjiang Hu, Elin Tüksammel, Huan Cai, Ning Liang, Xiufeng Xu, Xijie Yang, Sarah Schmidt, Xi Qiao, Susanne Schlisio, Staffan Strömblad, Hong Qian, Changtao Jiang, Eckardt Treuter, Martin O. Bergo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2023)

Lung cancer progression relies on angiogenesis, which is a response to hypoxia typically coordinated by hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIFs), but growing evidence indicates that transcriptional programs beyond HIFs control tumor angiogenesis. Here, we show that the redox-sensitive transcription factor BTB and CNC homology 1 (BACH1) controls the transcription of a broad range of angiogenesis genes. BACH1 is stabilized by lowering ROS levels; consequently, angiogenesis gene expression in lung cancer cells, tumor organoids, and xenograft tumors increased substantially following administration of vitamins C and E and N-acetylcysteine in a BACH1-dependent fashion under normoxia. Moreover, angiogenesis gene expression increased in endogenous BACH1-overexpressing cells and decreased in BACH1-knockout cells in the absence of antioxidants. BACH1 levels also increased upon hypoxia and following administration of prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors in both HIF1A-knockout and WT cells. BACH1 was found to be a transcriptional target of HIF1α, but BACH1's ability to stimulate angiogenesis gene expression was HIF1α independent. Antioxidants increased tumor vascularity in vivo in a BACH1-dependent fashion, and overexpressing BACH1 rendered tumors sensitive to antiangiogenesis therapy. BACH1 expression in tumor sections from patients with lung cancer correlated with angiogenesis gene and protein expression. We conclude that BACH1 is an oxygen- and redox-sensitive angiogenesis transcription factor.
Efficacy of single-agent chemotherapy with pegylated liposomal doxorubicin or gemcitabine in a diverse cohort of patients with recalcitrant cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
Authors: David Weiner, Andrew Ly, Sai Talluru, Ananya Munjal, Olivia Pierog, Richard Ambinder, Sima Rozati
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2023)

There is a need for updated studies regarding the efficacy of single-agent chemotherapy for Black patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. This study evaluates outcomes of single-agent chemotherapy for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma in a large and diverse cohort of patients. Both gemcitabine and pegylated liposomal doxorubicin had promising response rates and time to next treatment, including in Black patients with recalcitrant cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.
Druggable Targets in Cytokine Release Syndromes
Authors: Carlos Luri-Rey, Iñaki Eguren-Santamaria, Ignacio Matos, Pedro Berraondo, Ignacio Melero
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2023)

Bispecific T-cell engagers and chimeric antigen receptor T cells share the problem of eliciting acute systemic inflammation episodes known as cytokine release syndrome. Knowledge on the sequential waves of cytokines that can be neutralized with clinically available agents is crucial to prevent or treat this condition without jeopardizing the antitumor therapeutic outcome. See related article by Leclercq-Cohen et al., p. 4449.
Supramolecular Nano‐Assembly of Caffeate‐Strengthened Phenylboronic Ester with Multistep ROS Scavenging Ability for Targeted Therapy of Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Fan Jia, Bo Yu, Jian Li, Fanghao Cai, Guosheng Fu, Qiao Jin, Jian Ji
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a life-threatening complication with a considerable occurrence among patients. AKI is typically accompanied by an elevation in reactive oxidative species (ROS) in renal tissues, which is the main contributor to kidney damage. Herein, a supramolecular nano-assembly (Ser-HPEC) containing an ethyl caffeate-strengthened phenylboronic ester with ROS-triggered antioxidative ability is proposed for AKI-targeted therapy. Nano-assemblies can rapidly accumulate in the ischemia-reperfusion-injured kidney via kidney injury molecule-1 (Kim-1)-mediated homing ability of l-serine. By consuming pathological levels of ROS, two different antioxidants, ethyl caffeate and 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, are spontaneously released from a single module to relieve oxidative stress and diminish acute inflammation in injured renal tissue. The multistep ROS scavenging strategy combined with a precise targeting capability endows the aforementioned nano-assembly with effectiveness in preserving the integrity and functions of the injured kidney, providing new inspiration for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, including AKI.
Prostate Adenocarcinoma Metastasis to the Rectal Submucosa and Mesorectal Lymph Node on 18F-PSMA PET/CT
Authors: Eric Segal, Nour Dababo, Deepali Bhalla, Daniel Bucklan
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2023)

Abstract We report a case of biopsy-proven prostate cancer metastasis to the rectum and presumed metastasis to a mesorectal lymph node, identified as radiotracer-avid lesions on prostate-specific membrane antigen PET/CT during workup for biochemically recurrent prostate cancer. This case adds to a growing number of atypical sites of metastatic prostate cancer being reported since the approval of prostate-specific membrane antigen PET/CT for staging of prostate cancer.
Reply to Thomas Seisen, Morgan Rouprêt, and Pierre Blanchard’s Letter to the Editor re: Alexandre R. Zlotta, Leslie K. Ballas, Andrzej Niemierko, et al. Radical Cystectomy Versus Trimodality Therapy for Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer: A Multi-institutional Propensity Score Matched and Weighted Analysis. Lancet Oncol 2023;24:669–81
Authors: Alexandre R. Zlotta, Katherine Lajkosz, Jason A. Efstathiou
Journal: European Urology (2023)
Enlarging 18F-FDG–Avid Solitary Pulmonary Nodule: A Distinctly Unusual Presentation of Cytomegalovirus Infection in a Patient Receiving Chemotherapy
Authors: Edgar Zamora, Ukuemi Edema, Lionel S. Zuckier
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2023)

Rapidly growing lung lesions, particularly in immunocompromised patients, invoke consideration of an infectious etiology. Aspergillomas, for example, can appear as round nodules with soft tissue attenuation, often associated with cavitation, and are variably 18 F-FDG avid. In contrast, cytomegalovirus, which may also evidence 18 F-FDG uptake, typically manifests as ground-glass opacities, symmetrically distributed small pulmonary nodules, or confluent consolidations, with lower lobe predilection. We describe a patient treated for lymphoma presenting with a solitary enlarging FDG-avid lung nodule, which was determined on resection to be focal cytomegalovirus infection, a distinctly uncommon presentation of this pathogen, more typical of fungal or mycobacterial disease.
Highlighted research articles
Journal: Blood Cancer Discovery (2023)

In This Issue| September 01 2023 Highlighted research articles Author & Article Information Online ISSN: 2643-3249 Print ISSN: 2643-3230 ©2023 American Association for Cancer Research2023American Association for Cancer Research Blood Cancer Discov (2023) 4 (5): 337. https://doi.org/10.1158/2643-3230.BCD-4-5-ITI Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Article Versions Icon Versions Version of Record September 1 2023 Citation Highlighted research articles. Blood Cancer Discov 1 September 2023; 4 (5): 337. https://doi.org/10.1158/2643-3230.BCD-4-5-ITI Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest Search Advanced Search Biomarkers predicting CAR T-cell (CAR T) therapy outcomes in myeloma remain to be established. In this prespecified analysis of the KarMMa trial, Paiva et al. show that persistent measurable residual disease (MRD) around the time of peak expansion correlates with primary resistance to idecabtagene vicleucel. Associations of outcomes with M-protein and circulating plasma cells over the 1-year course were distinct from their profiles following traditional myeloma treatments, highlighting the unique biological mechanism of CAR T therapy. The findings offer one of the first clinical guides to using biomarkers for tailoring salvage therapy following CAR T in myeloma. See article, p. 365. The hallmarks of cancer include deregulated cellular metabolism and epigenetic reprogramming. In this work, Toyoda et al. show that a viral oncogene encoded in human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), HTLV-1 bZIP factor (HBZ), upregulates TAp73 by its two molecular forms, HBZ RNA and HBZ protein, via... You do not currently have access to this content.
Endoscopic closure of a rectovaginal fistula following surgery for endometriosis using the MARCEAU system
Authors: Elena De Cristofaro, Pierre Lafeuille, Louis-Jean Masgnaux, Olivier Rouquette, Anne-Sophie Grémeau, Jérôme Rivory, Mathieu Pioche
Journal: Endoscopy (2023)

A rectovaginal fistula is a rare condition and a therapeutic challenge [1]. Endoscopic closure requires combined approaches with both mucosal ablation and mechanical closure of the fistula [2]. As reported in a recent multicenter study, the novel "fistula endoscopic submucosal dissection with clip closure" (FESDC) strategy is safe and feasible for endoscopic closure of gastrointestinal fistulas [3]; however, in our population, the technical success does not exceed 70 % in naïve fistulas. We previously reported the optimal results of a new closure device called the "mucosal adaptative ring to close endoscopic artificial ulcer" (MARCEAU) in endoscopic leak closure at the ulcer bed after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) and persistent gastrocutaneous fistulas after percutaneous endoscopic gastrotomy [4] [5]. This strategy has not previously been used for gynecological fistulas.
First-line regorafenib with nivolumab and chemotherapy in advanced oesophageal, gastric, or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer in the USA: a single-arm, single-centre, phase 2 trial
Authors: Samuel L Cytryn, Ryan H Moy, Darren Cowzer, Ronak H Shah, Joanne F Chou, Smita S Joshi, Geoffrey Y Ku, Steven B Maron, Avni Desai, Jessica Yang, Ryan Sugarman, Devika Rao, Zoe Goldberg, Carmelina Charalambous, Maria Lapshina, Ariel Antoine, Fiona Socolow, Nikhil Trivedi, Marinela Capanu, Hans Gerdes, Mark A Schattner, Marc Simmons, Mario E Lacouture, Viktoriya Paroder, Laura H Tang, Jinru Shia, David H Ilson, David B Solit, Michael F Berger, Yelena Y Janjigian
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2023)
Colon‐Targeted Release of Gel Microspheres Loaded with Antioxidative Fullerenol for Relieving Radiation‐Induced Colon Injury and Regulating Intestinal Flora
Authors: Chengyan Wang, Maoru Zhao, Jiani Xie, Hongping Wang, Zhanjun Gu, Fengjun Sun
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Radiation-induced colitis is a serious clinical problem worldwide. However, the current treatment options for this condition have limited efficacy and can cause side effects. To address this issue, colon-targeted fullerenol@pectin@chitosan gel microspheres (FPCGMs) are developed, which can aggregate on colon tissue for a long time, scavenge free radicals generated in the process of radiation, and regulate intestinal flora to mitigate damage to colonic tissue. First, FPCGMs exhibit acid resistance and colon-targeted release properties, which reduce gastrointestinal exposure and extend the local colonic drug residence time. Second, fullerenol, which has a superior scavenging ability and chemical stability, reduces oxidative stress in colonic epithelial cells. Based on this, it is found that FPCGMs significantly reduce inflammation in colonic tissue, mitigated damage to tight junctions of colonic epithelial cells, and significantly relieved radiation-induced colitis in mice. Moreover, 16S ribosomal DNA (16S rDNA) sequencing results show that the composition of the intestinal flora is optimized after FPCGMs are utilized, indicating that the relative abundance of probiotics increases while harmful bacteria are inhibited. These findings suggest that it is a promising candidate for treating radiation-induced colitis.