tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Highlights of This Issue
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2012)

A shuttling molecule inside a cell, Ran is shown to be overproduced in breast and lung cancers.The overproduction of Ran is associated with early death and is exacerbated by mutations that lead to stimulation of the major growth-controlling pathways.Outside the body, cells can be killed by artificially switching off this overproduction of Ran, and mutations that lead to the activation of the same major growth-controlling pathways increase this killing effect dramatically.These findings from Yuen and colleagues suggest that Ran may be an important therapeutic target for human cancers that harbor these common growth-stimulating mutations and are resistant to standard therapy.
Explaining Variations in Hospital Death Rates
Authors: Rolla Edward Park
Journal: JAMA (1990)

We used administrative (Part A Medicare) data to identify a representative sample of 1126 patients with congestive heart failure and 1150 with acute myocardial infarction in hospitals with significant unexpectedly high inpatient, age-sex-race-disease—specific death rates ("targeted") vs all other ("untargeted") hospitals in four states. Although death rates in targeted hospitals were 5.0 to 10.9 higher per 100 admissions than in untargeted hospitals, 56% to 82% of the excess could result from purely random variation. Differences in the quality of the process of care (based on a medical record review) could not explain the remaining statistically significant differences in mortality. Comparing targeted hospitals with subsets of untargeted ones, eg, those with lower than expected death rates, did not affect this conclusion. Severity of illness explained up to 2.8 excess deaths per 100 admissions for patients with myocardial infarction. Identifying hospitals that provide poor-quality care based on administrative data and single-year death rates is unlikely; targeting based on time periods greater than 1 year may be better. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;264:484-490)
Primary Care Physicians' Satisfaction With Quality of Care in California Capitated Medical Groups
Authors: Eve A. Kerr
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>Context.</h3> —Managed care and capitation have placed new responsibilities on primary care physicians, including formally acting as "gatekeepers" for specialty services and tests. Previous studies have not examined whether primary care physicians who provide services to patients under many coverage arrangements feel differently about caring for patients covered under capitation vs those covered through more traditional forms of insurance. An understanding of whether California primary care physicians feel that they deliver a different level of quality to capitated patients could help signal whether variations in care for patients with different coverage forms are evolving. <h3>Objective.</h3> —To evaluate whether primary care physicians in California capitated groups report different satisfaction levels with quality of care for patients in their overall practice than for patients covered by capitated contracts and to examine whether physicians' satisfaction with capitated care quality is influenced by the characteristics of the practice setting. <h3>Design.</h3> —Cross-sectional questionnaire. <h3>Setting.</h3> —A total of 89 California physician groups with capitated contracts. <h3>Participants.</h3> —A total of 910 primary care physicians (80% response rate). <h3>Main Outcome Measure.</h3> —Satisfaction with 4 aspects of quality of care provided to patients covered by capitated contracts vs patients overall. <h3>Results.</h3> —Physicians reported lower satisfaction with all 4 aspects of care for patients covered by capitated contracts than for patients in their overall practice: 71% were very or somewhat satisfied with relationships with capitated patients (compared with 88% for overall practice), 64% were very or somewhat satisfied with the quality of care they provided to capitated patients (compared with 88% for overall practice), 51% were very or somewhat satisfied with their ability to treat capitated patients according to their own best judgment (compared with 79% for overall practice), and 50% were very or somewhat satisfied with their ability to obtain specialty referrals (compared with 59% for overall practice) (P≤.001 for all comparisons). Being in a medical group practice (vs an independent practice association) and having a larger percentage of capitated patients were independently associated by multivariate analysis with higher levels of satisfaction with capitated quality of care (<i>P</i>≤.005). <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —These California primary care physicians were less satisfied with the quality of care they deliver to patients covered by capitated contracts than with the quality of care they deliver to patients covered by other payment sources. However, those in medical group practices and with a higher percentage of capitated patients were more satisfied with capitated care. National expansion of capitation should be accompanied by efforts to ensure that the satisfaction of practicing physicians with the care they deliver does not decline.
Measurement of quality of life in atopic dermatitis: correlation and validation of two different methods
Authors: R.M. HERD, M.J. TIDMAN, D.A. RUTA, J.A.A. HUNTER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic relapsing condition that can have considerable effects on the lives of sufferers. It is apparent that good, valid measures of life quality are necessary for quantifying the patients' perspective of the severity of their disease and the Dermatology Life Quality Index is often employed in clinical research. In a community study of atopic dermatitis we have assessed disability using the Dermatology Life Quality Index and the Patient Generated Index and compared the results from both indices. The results were significantly correlated and reflected the range of disability in patients in the community. Some items of the Dermatology Life Quality Index were not relevant for atopic dermatitis patients in the community and others, including swimming and sleep loss, were often cited in the patient Generated Index but are not included in the Dermatology Life Quality Index. The Patient Generated Index is a novel, flexible approach to quality of life measurement that may be suitable for reflecting the wide variety of disability that is experienced by dermatological patients.
Treatment in General Practice
Journal: JAMA (1949)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Central Venous Catheterization
Authors: Glenn W. Mitchell
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The recent article by Dronen et al (1982;247:3227) demonstrated an increasing change in the approach to central venous catheterization. In 1981,I started a prospective study of complications from the infraclavicular (IC) approach to the subclavian vein during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in our emergency department (60,000 annual visits). Full-time emergency physician staffing began coincident with the inception of that study, and the middle approach to the internal jugular vein was demonstrated to the house staff. Internal jugular and supraclavicular (SC) subclavian vein procedures rapidly replaced the IC approach in emergency situations. The study was abandoned after collecting only 12 cases in six months for the IC approach. At present, in our institution, the IC approach is used on an elective basis and by a few physicians not yet comfortable with the SC procedures. The relative ease of insertion and the lack of complications noted by the authors are
Landmark article, Oct 5, 1889: Diagnosis and treatment of abscess of the antrum. By J.H. Bryan
Authors: J. H. Bryan
Journal: JAMA (1983)

The antrum is that triangular-shaped cavity in the superior maxilla, sometimes found extending into the malar bone forming a second cavity. It is lined by mucous membrane continuous with that of the nose, and it is occasionally thrown into folds forming partial septa, a fact of considerable clinical importance. It varies in size according to the age and sex of the individual, being small in children, and larger in the male than in the female. It diminishes in size in old age and after the loss of the teeth. Of the surgical affections of the antrum, suppurative inflammations play the most important part. Until within recent years abscess of the antrum was regarded as rather an uncommon affection, but we now know that it exists much more frequently than was formerly supposed. It occurs generally after the second dentition; although there is one case recorded by P. B. Pedley,<sup>1</sup>
Evaluation of Bone Marrow Toxic Reaction in Patients Treated With Allopurinol
Authors: Leo Stolbach
Journal: JAMA (1982)

To evaluate possible bone marrow toxic reaction related to allopurinol administration, 143 patients with malignant lymphoma were randomized to receive allopurinol for either three or six cycles of chemotherapy. There was no significant difference of nadir WBC or platelet counts. This trial failed to confirm an earlier study that suggested that allopurinol increased the marrow toxic reaction of cytotoxic chemotherapy. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;247:334-336)
The Diagnosis of the Acute Abdomen in Rhyme
Journal: JAMA (1949)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Herpes-Type Virus Isolated in Cell Culture From Tumors of Chickens With Marek's Disease. I. Studies in Cell Culture
Authors: A. E. Churchill
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1968)

A herpes-type virus (HTV) from tumors of chickens with Marek's disease (MD) has been propagated in cultured chicken kidney (CK) cells. The cytopathic effect (CPE) of this virus in CK cells is described. No evidence of infectivity was found in the supernatant of infected cultures, and no infectious virus could be extracted by disruption of infected cells. A plaque assay under fluid medium is described and was used to demonstrate that up to 9 days after culture inoculation there is little evidence of secondary plaque production. With infected cultured cells as an inoculum for CK monolayers, it was demonstrated that the adsorption period extended over 24 hours. The inclusion of antiserum in the culture medium did not significantly inhibit the number of microplaques produced by a standard inoculum of infected cells. Cultured CK cells infected with the HTV at different passage levels between the fourth and twentieth produced MD when inoculated into day-old chicks. No tumors developed during 8 months' observation when newborn hamsters were inoculated subcutaneously or intracerebrally with CK cells infected with HTV. Infected CK cells produced pocks when inoculated onto the chorioallantoic membrane of embryonated hens eggs. The CPE and method of spread of the virus through the cultures are discussed.
Hematin Therapy in Acute Porphyria
Authors: Eugene B. Loftin
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I was interested to read Dr Bissell's answer to the challenging question concerning the use of hematin in the patient with acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) and pregnancy, which would also apply in hereditary coproporphyria (HCP) and variegate porphyria (VP).<sup>1,2</sup>We recently have had clinical experience with this difficult situation. Our quadraparetic patient with AIP had cyclic attacks coupled to her menses, despite trials of hormonal manipulation and glucose feedings. In fact, we came to expect her "crises" on this very predictable basis until she suddenly came to us with a severe midcycle attack. We searched diligently for a cause and found an early pregnancy that, for lack of any other new problem, was presumed to have been the precipitant. Claus Pierach, MD, who first suggested hematin as the drug of choice in attacks of AIP, and I considered the use of hematin in the setting of
Highlights from Recent Cancer Literature
Journal: Cancer Research (2017)

Genomic Profiling of Circulating Multiple Myeloma CellsCurrent standards to monitor and guide therapy in multiple myeloma analyze bone marrow by flow cytometry, which is of limited clinical utility.Lohr and colleagues developed a microscopy-based method, isolating single myeloma circulating tumor cells (CTC) from blood, and sequencing DNA and RNA for 35 commonly mutated loci.CTCs were identified in all 24 patient samples studied, with single cells accurately reproducing the pattern of somatic mutations present in the bone marrow.Notably, the investigators identified activating mutations in targetable oncogenes that were more abundant in CTCs compared with bone marrow, reflecting the genetic heterogeneity and subclonality of this disease.This promising proof-of-concept study requires validation in larger trials with broader gene panels to determine whether early detection and treatment of recurrence improves outcome.(Image courtesy of
Microvascular Burden and Incident Heart Failure Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults With Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Fu-Rong Li, Daniel Nyarko Hukportie, Jing Yang, Huan-Huan Yang, Guo-Chong Chen, Xian-Bo Wu
Journal: Diabetes Care (2022)

OBJECTIVE To examine the association between microvascular disease (MVD) and risk of heart failure (HF) among individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We included 1,713 and 28,624 participants with T1DM and T2DM, respectively, from the UK Biobank who were free of HF during enrollment. MVD burden reflected by the presence of retinopathy, peripheral neuropathy, and chronic kidney disease (CKD) at baseline was prospectively evaluated for the association with incidence of HF. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs of HF were estimated by Cox regression models adjusted for multiple traditional risk factors. RESULTS There were 145 and 2,515 incident cases of HF recorded among participants with T1DM and T2DM, respectively, during a median follow-up of 11.5 years. The association between the number of MVD and HF was stronger among participants with T1DM than among those with T2DM (P for interaction &amp;lt;0.001). Compared with participants with no MVD, those with all three MVD had an adjusted HR (95% CI) of 11.37 (5.62, 22.99) in T1DM and 3.66 (2.74, 4.88) in T2DM. In T1DM, HRs (CIs) were 2.69 (1.75, 4.14) for retinopathy, 2.11 (1.38, 3.23) for peripheral neuropathy, and 2.21 (1.53, 3.18) for CKD. The corresponding estimates in T2DM were 1.24 (1.13, 1.36), 1.63 (1.36, 1.96), and 1.73 (1.59, 1.89), respectively. CONCLUSIONS While a heavier burden of MVD was associated with excess risk of HF both in T1DM and T2DM, the association was evidently more pronounced in T1DM.
Vertebral Osteomyelitis Due to Pseudomonas in the Occasional Heroin User
Authors: Richard W. Light
Journal: JAMA (1974)

VERTEBRAL osteomyelitis is a recognized complication of heroin addiction.<sup>1,2</sup>The following two cases of vertebral osteomyelitis resulting from<i>Pseudomonas</i>infection are presented to emphasize that this entity can occur in patients who have used heroin only occasionally. <h3>Report of Cases</h3><h3>Case 1.—</h3> A 24-year-old man had low back pain of one month's duration. He admitted having twice used heroin intravenously, most recently five months before admission. Physical examination gave normal results except for pain localized in the L3-4 area of the spine and a positive straightleg-raising test. The patient had occasional evening temperature elevations between 37.8 and 38.3 C (100 and 101 F). The erythrocyte sedimentation rate was persistently elevated above 30 mm/hr; on the other hand, he had no leukocytosis, and six blood cultures were negative. Initial lumbosacral spine roentgenograms were normal. Two weeks later, however, narrowing of the L3-4 intervertebral disk space was noted. Cultures of tissue
Structural and Functional Factors Related to Testicular Neoplasia in Feminized Rats&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Kyung W. Chung, John E. Allison, Alan J. Stanley
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1980)

Testicular tumors in King-Holtzman hybrid rats with testicular feminization (tfm) were seen as firm, rounded masses of tissue consisting of Leydig cells, myoid cells, and fibroblast-like cells. The cytoplasm of Leydig cells contained well-developed smooth endoplasmic reticulum, pleomorphic mitochondria with numerous cristae, and many lipid droplets. Mitochondria were numerous and varied in size and shape. Their cristae were in the form of tubules, and lipid-like inclusions were frequently seen in the mitochondrial matrix. Lysosomes, rough endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi bodies were also scattered in the cytoplasm. An in vitro study showed that more testosterone was produced in the tumor than in the testes of rats with tfm; however, the amount in both was less than normal. Testicular tumor-bearing rats with tfm exhibited slightly higher levels of plasma testosterone than did non-tumor-bearing animals with tfm. Levels in both were significantly higher than normal. Testicular tumor cells growing in culture medium supplemented with luteinizing hormone (LH) contained more protein and synthesized more androgen and DNA than did those growing in culture medium without LH. Observed under the scanning and transmission electron microscopes, the LH-stimulated cells had well-developed cytoplasmic organelles and inclusions and surface specializations such as numerous microvilli. large blebs, and other microextensions. They adhered well to the glass surface. These results indicated that Leydig cells in testicular tumors of rats with tfm had morphologic characteristics of steroid-producing cells. In addition these cells were capable of producing steroids, and this capability was enhanced by the presence of LH.
Lehrbuch der Ohrenheilkunde.
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Asteatosis and Pruritus of the Ear
Authors: Jeffrey C. Reynolds
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS section ofThe Journal(1982;248:988) contained a discussion of the treatment of otitis externa. Dr Polk's answer was fine, as far as it goes. He neglected, however, to discuss a common cause of external ear canal pruritus, which is asteatosis, the relative shortage of ear cerumen. Skin that does not have lubrication by ear wax will be red, pruritic, desquamated, and sensitive to cold temperatures or wind blowing into the ear canal. The treatment of this is simple and involves being certain that all water and soap that get into the ear are cleaned out, the use of normal saline to get out any such material that doesn't come out readily with just dependency of the affected ear, and the use of emollients, either baby oil, glycerine, or an ointment such as 10% boric acid in lanolin. For completeness, his answer should have
Progressive Medicine, A Quarterly Digest of Advances, Discoveries, and Improvements in the Medical and Surgical Sciences
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal