AB0401 EFFICACY OF ABATACEPT FOR SUPPRESSING RADIOGRAPHIC PROGRESSION OF CERVICAL LESIONS IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS COMPARISON WITH METHOTREXATE TREATMENT; THREE YEARS OF FOLLOW-UP ~A MULTICENTER REGISTRY STUDY ~
Authors: Y. Kanayama, K. Hattori
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2023)

<h3>Background</h3> Cervical lesions are known to occur at high frequency as a complication of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Treatment with biological agents are more clinically effective than the DMARDs that were in use previously, in particular, with their efficacy in suppressing joint destruction having been emphasized. We reported the efficacy of infliximab, anti-tumor necrosis factor antibodies for suppressing the radiographic progression of RA cervical lesions at ACR2009, EULAR2010, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16, 18, 19 and 20. However there is still few studies of efficacy of against RA cervical lesions of Abatacept (ABT) that inhibits T cell activation by binding to CD80/86. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate the efficacy of ABT for suppressing the radiographic progression of RA cervical lesions comparison with MTX for 3 years. <h3>Methods</h3> We used ABT or MTX for treating Japanese patients with active RA who fulfilled the ACR criteria in 1987. The final study cohort of each 49 and 75 patients received continuous ABT and MTX treatment for at least 3 years. For evaluation of cervical lesions, the atlanto-dental interval (ADI), the space available for the spinal cord (SAC), and the Ranawat value were measured by plain lateral radiographs in the flexion position, at initiation and Year 1, 2, 3. <h3>Results</h3> In the patients receiving ABT (n=49) and MTX (n =75), the number of female were each 39(80%) and 52(69%) cases(p=0.206). The mean age was 67.1 ± 13.1 and 63.6 ± 11.0 years old (p=0.010); disease duration was 17.3 ± 14.0 and 8.0 ± 9.5 years (p&lt;0.001) and the mean dose of MTX was 8.1 ± 3.5 and 8.2 ± 2.9 mg/w (p=0.970). Clinical findings related to RA were as follows; CRP 2.2± 2.1 and 1.7± 2.3 mg/dl(p=0.010); ESR 44.1 ± 21.1 and 31.9 ± 21.8mm/h(p=0.001); MMP3 273 ± 303 and 223 ± 350ng/ml(p=0.002); the number of RF-positive 48(98%) and 60(80%) cases(p=0.004); DAS28-ESR 5.12 ± 1.03 and 4.30 ± 1.38 (p&lt;0.001); ADI 3.7 ± 2.1 and 2.6 ± 1.6mm(p&lt;0.001); SAC 18.6 ± 2.9 and 20.8 ± 2.5mm(p&lt;0.001) and Ranawat value 14.4 ± 2.0 and 16.0 ± 1.5mm (p&lt;0.001). The respective changes in cervical lesion parameters after 1 year were as follows: ADI: 0.20 ± 0.41 and 0.25 ± 0.45 mm (p = 0.528); SAC: −0.14 ± 0.35 and −0.17 ± 0.38 mm (p = 0.653); and Ranawat value: −0.18 ± 0.39 and −0.13 ± 0.34 mm (p = 0.449). The respective changes in cervical lesion parameters after 2 years were as follows: ADI: 0.35 ± 0.56 and 0.55 ± 0.70 mm (p = 0.126); SAC: −0.27 ± 0.49 and −0.45 ± 0.62 mm (p = 0.087); and Ranawat value: −0.27 ± 0.49 and −0.33 ± 0.55 mm (p = 0.528). The respective changes in cervical lesion parameters after 3 years were as follows: ADI: 0.47 ± 0.77 and 0.71 ± 0.80 mm (p = 0.063); SAC: −0.39 ± 0.73 and −0.63 ± 0.82 mm (p = 0.040); and Ranawat value: −0.41 ± 0.71 and −0.44 ± 0.66 mm (p = 0.606) in the patients receiving ABT and MTX (Figure 1). The numbers of patients who did not showed progression in ADI, SAC and Ranawat value were each 33(67%) and 37(49%) cases(p=0.048); 37(76%) and 40(53%) cases(p=0.013) and 35(71%) and 49(65%) cases(p=0.478) after 3 years. Also the number who was able to suppress progression in all three parameters were each 32 cases (65%) receiving ABT and 37 cases (49%) receiving MTX (p=0.128) after 3 years (Figure 2). <h3>Conclusion</h3> This study suggested that ABT treatment can be used to suppress the progression of RA upper cervical lesions more than MTX treatment. <h3>REFERENCES:</h3> NIL. <h3>Acknowledgements:</h3> NIL. <h3>Disclosure of Interests</h3> Yasuhide Kanayama Speakers bureau: YK has received speakers' fees from AbbVie, Astellas, Asahi Kasei, Daiichi-Sankyo, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Ono and UCB Japan., Kyosuke Hattori: None declared.