tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
P13.04.B Dissecting high-grade glioma immune infiltration in samples from fluorescence-guided surgery: digital pathology with automated image analysis
Authors: A Lang, R L Jeron, B Kiesel, M Mischkulnig, A S Bergmeister-Berghoff, G Ricken, A Wöhrer, K Rössler, D Lötsch-Gojo, T Rötzer-Pejrimovsky, J A Hainfellner, R Höftberger, G Widhalm, F Erhart
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2022)

Abstract Background Fluorescence-guided surgery with 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is a widely used technique to conduct maximum safe resection of high-grade gliomas (HGG). 5-ALA accumulates in malignant tumor tissue where it is metabolized to Protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), an agent with fluorescence properties. It helps neurosurgeons to distinguish between tumor-infiltrated tissue and healthy brain parenchyma. Even though fluorescence-guided surgery is clinically well established, the biological properties of different fluorescence levels are not comprehensively studied yet. A relevant current gap in that respect is the pattern of immune cell infiltration in fluorescent versus non-fluorescent tissue samples. In light of future research, reliable, standardized histopathology methods that allow high-throughput analysis are desirable and digital pathology with automated image analysis is an attractive option to explore. Material and Methods 128 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue blocks of 39 patients who underwent fluorescence-guided surgery of a HGG were included. Samples were selected based on their documented 5-ALA fluorescence intensity status (strong, vague, negative). Microtome-cut sections of the tissue were stained with antibodies against CD8, CD68, CD163 and FOX P3, representing immune cell populations of specific interest (cytotoxic T cells, glioma-associated macrophages, regulatory T cells). A total of 512 stained slides were then available for assessment. In addition to a classical, semi-quantitative analysis by two independent human reviewers, the immune infiltration intensity was measured via automated image analysis with the digital pathology software QuPath Version 0.3.2. Results Across all stained FFPE samples CD68 showed the overall highest intensity, followed by CD163. CD8 and FoxP3 showed generally lower average intensities. In 5-ALA negative and positive high-grade glioma samples the immune cell infiltration pattern was the same. Quantitative automatic digital pathology correlated well with the classical human histopathological analysis for the majority of markers evaluated. Conclusion We successfully explored and established novel digital pathology technologies for the study of immune cell infiltration patterns in neurooncology, specifically in the context of fluorescence-guided resection. Leveraging this platform could allow parallelized and high-throughput analysis of immune cell infiltration also in other contexts.
P04.01.B High impact of ITGB1 on Pi3K/AKT expression in medulloblastoma
Authors: S Zhu, Z Cheng, Z Wu, J Wang
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2022)

Abstract Medulloblastoma, an embryonal tumor of the cerebellum, is one of the most frequent malignant brain tumors. Despite the increasing use of genetic variation in treatment stratification, high-risk patients characterized by light meningeal spread, TP53 mutations, or MYC amplification still have poor survival. Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling is one of the most important intracellular pathways, which can be considered as a master regulator for cancer. In tissue samples obtained from medulloblastoma patients, the significant upregulation of PI3K/AKT was associated with a lifting expression level of integrin β1(ITGB1). To understand the underlying mechanism, we investigated the effect of ITGB1 on the PI3K/AKT pathway in medulloblastoma cell lines. Transfection of this ITGB1 reduced proliferation and invasion of several medulloblastoma cell lines and inhibit epithelial-mesenchymal transition. In addition, knocking down ITGB1 expression can significantly inhibit the activation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. In conclusion, ITGB1 may selectively activation the pathophysiological effect of aberrant PI3K/AKT expression and serve as a targeted approach for medulloblastoma therapy.
P11.37.B When to resect or biopsy for patients with supratentorial glioblastoma: a multivariable prediction model
Authors: I O Kommers, R S Eijgelaar, F Barkhof, D Bouget, A Pedersen, H Ardon, L Bello, M S Berger, W Bouwknegt, M Conti Nibali, J Furtner, S J Han, S J Han, S Hervey-Jumper, S Hervey-Jumper, A J S Idema, B Kiesel, A Kloet, R Nandoe Tewarie, E Mandonnet, I Reinertsen, P A Robe, M Rossi, T Sciortino, O Solheim, W A van den Brink, P W Vandertop, M Wagemakers, G Widhalm, M G Witte, A H Zwinderman, P C De Witt Hamer
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2022)

Abstract Background The prospects of a patient with suspected glioblastoma may rely heavily on the indication for surgical resection versus biopsy only. Biopsy percentages vary considerably across hospitals and guidelines for treatment of glioblastoma lack criteria for surgical decision-making. To identify patient and tumor characteristics associated with the decision to resect or biopsy a glioblastoma and to develop and validate a prediction model for decision support. Material and Methods Clinical data and pre-operative MRI scans were collected for adults who underwent first-time surgery for supratentorial glioblastoma from a registry-based cohort study of 12 hospitals from the Netherlands, Germany, France, Italy, and the United States between 1st of January 2007 and 31st of December 2011. The main outcome was the type of surgical procedure: surgical resection or biopsy only. Predictors were patient- and tumor-related characteristics. Radiological factors were extracted from MRI using an automated tumor segmentation method. A prediction model was constructed using multivariable logistic regression analysis. The model was cross-validated and externally validated with a leave-one-hospital-out approach. Results Out of 1053 patients treated for glioblastoma, 28% underwent biopsy only. Biopsy rates varied from 15-40% across hospitals. The prediction model showed excellent discrimination with an average area under the curve of 0.86. Of the patient-related characteristics, younger age was associated more with resection and Karnofsky Performance Score of 60 or less with biopsy. Of the tumor-related characteristics, a location in the right hemisphere, unifocality, no tumor midline crossing, and no involvement of the cortical spinal tract, were associated with resection, as well as a high expected resectability index, a location in the right occipital lobe, and a higher percentage of tumor in Schaefer’s dorsal or ventral attention, limbic, and default networks. External validation proved acceptable to outstanding discrimination with areas under the curve ranging between 0.79 and 0.92 for hospitals. Conclusion A prediction model is presented and validated to support the decision to resect or to biopsy a patient with a suspected supratentorial glioblastoma. In this prediction model, tumor-related characteristics were more informative than patient-related factors. This may support surgical decision-making for individual patients, or facilitate comparisons of patient cohorts between surgeons or institutions.
A Prospective Cohort Study Evaluating PAN-PROMISE, a Patient-reported Outcome Measure to Detect Post-ERCP Morbidity
Authors: Nikhil R. Thiruvengadam, Abdul Kouanda, Anita Kalluri, Douglas Schaubel, Monica Saumoy, Kimberly Forde, Jun Song, Alec Faggen, Brenton G. Davis, Kenechukwu Chudy Onwugaje, Gregory Cote, Mustafa A. Arain, Michael L. Kochman
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2022)
Sexual transmission of recently re-emerged deadly Marburg virus (MARV) needs explorative studies and due attention for its prevention and feasible spread – Correspondence
Authors: Sandip Chakraborty, Deepak Chandran, Ranjan K. Mohapatra, Ali A. Rabaan, Saad Alhumaid, Abbas Al Mutair, Chiranjib Chakraborty, Harapan Harapan, Kuldeep Dhama
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2022)
Langya virus, a newly identified Henipavirus in China - Zoonotic pathogen causing febrile illness in humans, and its health concerns: Current knowledge and counteracting strategies – Correspondence
Authors: Sandip Chakraborty, Deepak Chandran, Ranjan K. Mohapatra, Md Aminul Islam, Mahmoud Alagawany, Manojit Bhattacharya, Chiranjib Chakraborty, Kuldeep Dhama
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2022)
Wound Ballistics
Authors: Martin L. Fackler
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Attempts to explain wound ballistics (the study of effects on the body produced by penetrating projectiles) have only succeeded in mystifying it. This review explains the projectile-tissue interaction and presents data showing the location, type, and amount of tissue disruption characteristically produced by various projectiles. Data on tissue disruption are presented graphically as wound profiles. The major misconceptions in the field are listed, analyzed, and disentangled. Failure in adhering to the basic precepts of scientific method is the common denominator in all of the listed misconceptions; the result has been diversion of attention from the element essential to understanding and properly treating the gunshot wound—objective evaluation of the wound itself. (<i>JAMA</i>1988;259:2730-2736)
The American Academy of Dermatology and International League of Dermatological Societies Monkeypox Registry: Expanding the COVID-19 registry to emerging infections
Authors: Esther E. Freeman, Cristina Galvan Casas, Sonya Prasad, Claire Fuller, Klint Peebles, Misha Rosenbach, Lindy Fox, Devon E. McMahon, Alexis Strahan, Janet Lubov, Geoffrey Chen, Cuong V. Nguyen, Allen McMillen, Henry W. Lim, Alexander J. Stratigos, Mark D. Kaufmann, George J. Hruza, Lars French
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2022)
First-line pembrolizumab versus dabrafenib/trametinib treatment for BRAF V600–mutant advanced melanoma
Authors: Chang Gon Kim, Miso Kim, Jieon Hwang, Seung Tae Kim, Minkyu Jung, Kyoo Hyun Kim, Kyung Hwan Kim, Jee Suk Chang, Woong Sub Koom, Mi Ryung Roh, Kee Yang Chung, Tae Min Kim, Sang Kyum Kim, Jeeyun Lee, Sang Joon Shin
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2022)
Reduced PU.1 Expression Collaborates with<i>Tet2</i>Loss to Trigger Myeloid Leukemogenesis
Authors: Wolfgang E. Schleicher, Eric M. Pietras
Journal: Blood Cancer Discovery (2022)

Summary: The leukemic transformation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in the setting of Tet2 deficiency is driven by PU.1 gene network loss through complementary reduction in PU.1 expression and hypermethylation of ETS loci at the enhancers of PU.1 target genes. See related article by Aivalioti et al., p. 444 (6).
A Catalytic Immune Activator Based on Magnetic Nanoparticles to Reprogram the Immunoecology of Breast Cancer from “Cold” to “Hot” State
Authors: Shuren Wang, Zhiyi Wang, Ziyuan Li, Junjie Xu, Xiangxi Meng, Zijing Zhao, Yanglong Hou
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2022)

Abstract Triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) as “cold” tumor is characterized by severe immunosuppression of the tumor microenvironment (TME). To effectively activate the immune response of TNBC, a new kind of therapy strategy called cancer catalytic immunotherapy is proposed based on magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) as immune activators. Utilizing the weak acidity and excessive hydrogen peroxide of TME, these magnetic NPs can release ferrous ions to promote Fenton reaction, leading to abundant ·OH and reactive oxygen species (ROS) for ultimately killing cancer cells. Mechanistically, these magnetic NPs activate the ROS‐related signaling pathway to generate more ROS. Meanwhile, these magnetic NPs with unique immunological properties can promote the maturation of dendritic cells and the polarization of macrophages from M2 to M1, resulting in the infiltration of more T cells to reprogram the immunoecology of TNBC from “cold” to “hot” state. Besides directly affecting immune cells, these magnetic NPs can also affect the secretion of some immune‐related cytokines by cancer cells, to further indirectly activate the immune response. In conclusion, these catalytic immune activators are designed to achieve the synergistic treatment of chemodynamic therapy‐enhanced immunotherapy guided by computed tomography (CT)/near‐infrared region‐II (NIR‐II) dual‐mode imaging, providing a new strategy for TNBC treatment.
Viral clade is associated with severity of symptomatic genotype 3 hepatitis E virus infections in Belgium, 2010–2018
Authors: Michael Peeters, Julie Schenk, Thomas De Somer, Tania Roskams, Tatjana Locus, Sofieke Klamer, Lorenzo Subissi, Vanessa Suin, Jean Delwaide, Peter Stärkel, Stéphane De Maeght, Philippe Willems, Isabelle Colle, Marc Van Hoof, Jos Van Acker, Christophe Van Steenkiste, Christophe Moreno, Filip Janssens, Marijke Reynders, Matthias Steverlynck, Wim Verlinden, Luc Lasser, Chantal de Galocsy, Anja Geerts, Jeroen Maus, Marie Gallant, Steven Van Outryve, Astrid Marot, Hendrik Reynaert, Jochen Decaestecker, Emmanuel Bottieau, Jonas Schreiber, Jean-Pierre Mulkay, Sébastien de Goeij, Mikhaël Salame, Diederik Dooremont, Sergio Negrín Dastis, Juul Boes, Jochen Nijs, Jan Beyls, Niel Hens, Frederik Nevens, Steven Van Gucht, Thomas Vanwolleghem
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2022)
Combination of Prostate-Specific Antigen, Clinical Stage, and Gleason Score to Predict Pathological Stage of Localized Prostate Cancer
Authors: Alan W. Partin
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To combine the clinical data from 3 academic institutions that serve as centers of excellence for the surgical treatment of clinically localized prostate cancer and develop a multi-institutional model combining serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, clinical stage, and Gleason score to predict pathological stage for men with clinically localized prostate cancer. <h3>Design.</h3> —In this update, we have combined clinical and pathological data for a group of 4133 men treated by several surgeons from 3 major academic urologic centers within the United States. Multinomial log-linear regression was performed for the simultaneous prediction of organ-confined disease, isolated capsular penetration, seminal vesicle involvement, or pelvic lymph node involvement. Bootstrap estimates of the predicted probabilities were used to develop nomograms to predict pathological stage. Additional bootstrap analyses were then obtained to validate the performance of the nomograms. <h3>Patients and Settings.</h3> —A total of 4133 men who had undergone radical retropubic prostatectomy for clinically localized prostate cancer at The Johns Hopkins Hospital (n=3116), Baylor College of Medicine (n=782), and the University of Michigan School of Medicine (n=235) were enrolled into this study. None of the patients had received preoperative hormonal or radiation therapy. <h3>Outcome Measures.</h3> —Simultaneous prediction of organ-confined disease, isolated capsular penetration, seminal vesicle involvement, or pelvic lymph node involvement using updated nomograms. <h3>Results.</h3> —Prostate-specific antigen level, TNM clinical stage, and Gleason score contributed significantly to the prediction of pathological stage (<i>P</i>&lt;.001). Bootstrap estimates of the median and 95% confidence interval of the predicted probabilities are presented in the nomograms. For most cells in the nomograms, there is a greater than 25% probability of qualifying for more than one of the pathological stages. In the validation analyses, 72.4% of the time the nomograms correctly predicted the probability of a pathological stage to within 10% (organ-confined disease, 67.3%; isolated capsular penetration, 59.6%; seminal vesicle involvement, 79.6%; pelvic lymph node involvement, 82.9%). <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —The data represent a multi-institutional modeling and validation of the clinical utility of combining PSA level measurement, clinical stage, and Gleason score to predict pathological stage for a group of men with localized prostate cancer. Clinicians can use these nomograms when counseling individual patients regarding the probability of their tumor being a specific pathological stage; this will enable patients and physicians to make more informed treatment decisions based on the probability of a pathological stage, as well as risk tolerance and the values they place on various potential outcomes.
Болезни поджелудочной железы как одна из ведущих проблем гастроэнтерологии и абдоминальной хирургии (современная эпидемиология)
Authors: Yu.M. Stepanov, N.G. Gravіrovskaya, І.Yu. Skirda, O.P. Petіshko
Journal: GASTROENTEROLOGY (2014)

Проведен анализ данных Центра медицинской статистики МЗ Украины за 8 лет (2006–2013 гг.). Анализировались показатели распространенности, заболеваемости и наглядности по болезням ПЖ среди взрослого населения на 100 тыс. человек по Украине в целом, а также в 25 областях и городах Севастополе и Киеве. Проведено исследование показателей госпитализации, в т.ч. поздней, хирургической активности и летальности при остром и хроническом панкреатите. Установлено, что за 2006–2013 гг. показатель распространенности болезней ПЖ на 100 тыс. взрослого населения повысился в стране на 56,8 %; темп прироста заболеваемости был ниже в 2,5 раза и составил 23,1 %. Выявлены наиболее неблагополучные по болезням ПЖ регионы страны. Показатели госпитализации выросли на 11,6 % при ОП и на 30,2 % при хроническом течении болезни. Показатель поздней госпитализации составил 37–40 %, с чем неразрывно связана послеоперационная летальность, уровень которой при ОП за последние 8 лет составил 14,0–10,8 %, при ХП этот показатель постепенно увеличивался и в 2013 г. находился на уровне 7,8 %, что значительно выше мировых значений.
An Epitome of the History of Medicine.
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Correction: Cisplatin-induced epigenetic activation of miR-34a sensitizes bladder cancer cells to chemotherapy
Authors: Heng Li, Gan Yu, Runlin Shi, Bin Lang, Xianguo Chen, Ding Xia, Haibing Xiao, Xiaolin Guo, Wei Guan, Zhangqun Ye, Wei Xiao, Hua Xu
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2022)
Interval Advanced Gastric Cancer After Negative Endoscopy
Authors: Tae Jun Kim, Jeung Hui Pyo, Young Hye Byun, Sung Chul Choi, Jin Pyo Hong, Yang Won Min, Hyuk Lee, Byung-Hoon Min, Poong-Lyul Rhee, Jae J. Kim, Jun Haeng Lee
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2022)
Inflammatory Bowel Disease Is Associated With an Increased Risk of Incident Acute Arterial Events: Analysis of the United Kingdom Biobank
Authors: Quazim A. Alayo, Edward V. Loftus, Andres Yarur, David Alvarado, Matthew A. Ciorba, Lisa de las Fuentes, Parakkal Deepak
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2022)
Myocarditis following <scp>COVID</scp>‐19 vaccine: incidence, presentation, diagnosis, pathophysiology, therapy, and outcomes put into perspective. A clinical consensus document supported by the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the ESC Working Group on Myocardial and Pericardial Diseases
Authors: Bettina Heidecker, Noa Dagan, Ran Balicer, Urs Eriksson, Giuseppe Rosano, Andrew Coats, Carsten Tschöpe, Sebastian Kelle, Gregory A. Poland, Andrea Frustaci, Karin Klingel, Pilar Martin, Joshua M. Hare, Leslie T. Cooper, Antonis Pantazis, Massimo Imazio, Sanjay Prasad, Thomas F. Lüscher
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2022)

Over 10 million doses of COVID-19 vaccines based on RNA technology, viral vectors, recombinant protein, and inactivated virus have been administered worldwide. Although generally very safe, post-vaccine myocarditis can result from adaptive humoral and cellular, cardiac-specific inflammation within days and weeks of vaccination. Rates of vaccine-associated myocarditis vary by age and sex with the highest rates in males between 12 and 39 years. The clinical course is generally mild with rare cases of left ventricular dysfunction, heart failure and arrhythmias. Mild cases are likely underdiagnosed as cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) is not commonly performed even in suspected cases and not at all in asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic patients. Hospitalization of symptomatic patients with electrocardiographic changes and increased plasma troponin levels is considered necessary in the acute phase to monitor for arrhythmias and potential decline in left ventricular function. In addition to evaluation for symptoms, electrocardiographic changes and elevated troponin levels, CMR is the best non-invasive diagnostic tool with endomyocardial biopsy being restricted to severe cases with heart failure and/or arrhythmias. The management beyond guideline-directed treatment of heart failure and arrhythmias includes non-specific measures to control pain. Anti-inflammatory drugs such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and corticosteroids have been used in more severe cases, with only anecdotal evidence for their effectiveness. In all age groups studied, the overall risks of SARS-CoV-2 infection-related hospitalization and death are hugely greater than the risks from post-vaccine myocarditis. This consensus statement serves as a practical resource for physicians in their clinical practice, to understand, diagnose, and manage affected patients. Furthermore, it is intended to stimulate research in this area.
Sirtuin Evolution at the Dawn of Animal Life
Authors: David A Gold, David A Sinclair
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2022)

Sirtuins are a family of proteins that protect against cellular injury and aging; understanding their evolution should reveal fundamental mechanisms governing longevity. "Early-branching" animals such as sea sponges and jellyfish have been understudied in previous analyses of sirtuin diversity. These organisms not only hold important positions at the base of the evolutionary tree, but also have unique aging dynamics that defy convention, such as quasi-immortality and high regenerative capacity. In this study, we survey the evolution of sirtuin proteins in animals, with a focus on the oldest living lineages. We describe previously unrecognized expansions of "Class IV" and "Class I" sirtuins around the origin of animals, raising the number of sirtuin families in the last common ancestor to at least nine. Most of these undescribed sirtuins have been lost in vertebrates and other bilaterian animals. Our work also clarifies the evolution of PNC1 and NAMPT enzymes that carry out the rate-limiting step in sirtuin-related NAD+ biosynthesis. The genes for PNC1 and NAMPT enzymes were both present in the first animals, with the genes being lost a minimum of 11 and 13 times, respectively, over the course of animal evolution. We propose that species with these ancestral gene repertoires are ideal model organisms for studying the genetic regulation of animal longevity and will provide clues to increasing longevity in humans.