tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in China, 2004-18: findings from six rounds of a national survey
Authors: Mei Zhang, Yu Shi, Bin Zhou, Zhengjing Huang, Zhenping Zhao, Chun Li, Xiao Zhang, Guiyuan Han, Ke Peng, Xinhua Li, Youfa Wang, Majid Ezzati, Limin Wang, Yichong Li
Journal: BMJ (2023)

Abstract Objective To assess the recent trends in prevalence and management of hypertension in China, nationally and by population subgroups. Design Six rounds of a national survey, China. Setting China Chronic Disease and Risk Factors Surveillance, 2004-18. Participants 642 523 community dwelling adults aged 18-69 years (30 501 in 2004, 47 353 in 2007, 90 491 in 2010, 156 836 in 2013, 162 293 in 2015, and 155 049 in 2018). Main outcome measures Hypertension was defined as a blood pressure of ≥140/90 mm Hg or taking antihypertensive drugs. The main outcome measures were hypertension prevalence and proportion of people with hypertension who were aware of their hypertension, who were treated for hypertension, and whose blood pressure was controlled below 140/90 mm Hg. Results The standardised prevalence of hypertension in adults aged 18-69 years in China increased from 20.8% (95% confidence interval 19.0% to 22.5%) in 2004 to 29.6% (27.8% to 31.3%) in 2010, then decreased to 24.7% (23.2% to 26.1%) in 2018. During 2010-18, the absolute annual decline in prevalence of hypertension among women was more than twice that among men (−0.83 percentage points (95% confidence interval −1.13 to −0.52) v −0.40 percentage points (−0.73 to −0.07)). Despite modest improvements in the awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension since 2004, rates remained low in 2018, at 38.3% (36.3% to 40.4%), 34.6% (32.6% to 36.7%), and 12.0% (10.6% to 13.4%). Of 274 million (95% confidence interval 238 to 311 million) adults aged 18-69 years with hypertension in 2018, control was inadequate in an estimated 240 million (215 to 264 million). Across all surveys, women with low educational attainment had higher prevalence of hypertension than those with higher education, but the finding was mixed for men. The gap in hypertension control between urban and rural areas persisted, despite larger improvements in diagnosis and control in rural than in urban areas. Conclusions The prevalence of hypertension in China has slightly declined since 2010, but treatment and control remain low. The findings highlight the need for improving detection and treatment of hypertension through the strengthening of primary care in China, especially in rural areas.
Chronic Kidney Disease — Another Step Forward
Authors: Phyllis August
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2023)

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) will be the fifth highest cause of years of life lost worldwide by 2040.1 CKD is defined as a sustained estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of less than 60 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 of body-surface area or a urinary albumin excretion of 30 mg or more per day, or both, for more than 3 months. The Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes 2012 guidelines classified CKD and the risk of progression on the basis of both eGFR and the degree of albuminuria (the lower the eGFR and the higher the albuminuria, the worse the prognosis).2 . . .
SBNO2 is a critical mediator of STAT3-driven hematological malignancies
Authors: Tania Brandstoetter, Johannes Schmoellerl, Reinhard Grausenburger, Sebastian Kollmann, Eszter Doma, Jani Huuhtanen, Thorsten Klampfl, Thomas Eder, Florian Grebien, Gregor Hoermann, Johannes Zuber, Satu Mustjoki, Barbara Maurer, Veronika Sexl
Journal: Blood (2023)

Gain-of-function mutations in the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) gene are recurrently identified in patients with large granular lymphocytic leukemia (LGLL) and in some cases of natural killer (NK)/T-cell and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. To understand the consequences and molecular mechanisms contributing to disease development and oncogenic transformation, we developed murine hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell models that express mutated STAT3Y640F. These cells show accelerated proliferation and enhanced self-renewal potential. We integrated gene expression analyses and chromatin occupancy profiling of STAT3Y640F-transformed cells with data from patients with T-LGLL. This approach uncovered a conserved set of direct transcriptional targets of STAT3Y640F. Among these, strawberry notch homolog 2 (SBNO2) represents an essential transcriptional target, which was identified by a comparative genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9-based loss-of-function screen. The STAT3-SBNO2 axis is also present in NK-cell leukemia, T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and NPM-ALK-rearranged T-cell anaplastic large cell lymphoma (T-ALCL), which are driven by STAT3-hyperactivation/mutation. In patients with NPM-ALK+ T-ALCL, high SBNO2 expression correlates with shorter relapse-free and overall survival. Our findings identify SBNO2 as a potential therapeutic intervention site for STAT3-driven hematopoietic malignancies.
Ubiquitin receptor PSMD4/Rpn10 is a novel therapeutic target in multiple myeloma
Authors: Ting Du, Yan Song, Arghya Ray, Xueping Wan, Yao Yao, Mehmet K. Samur, Chen Shen, Johany Penailillo, Tomasz Sewastianik, Yu-Tzu Tai, Mariateresa Fulciniti, Nikhil C. Munshi, Hao Wu, Ruben D. Carrasco, Dharminder Chauhan, Kenneth C. Anderson
Journal: Blood (2023)
Prognostic Value of RV Abnormalities on CMR in Patients With Known or Suspected Cardiac Sarcoidosis
Authors: Jie Wang, Jinquan Zhang, Nisha Hosadurg, Yoshitaka Iwanaga, Yuxin Chen, Wei Liu, Ke Wan, Amit R. Patel, Eleanor C. Wicks, Georgios V. Gkoutos, Yuchi Han, Yucheng Chen
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2023)
Apical Aneurysms and Mid–Left Ventricular Obstruction in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Mark V. Sherrid, Samuel Bernard, Nidhi Tripathi, Yash Patel, Vivek Modi, Leon Axel, Soheila Talebi, Brian B. Ghoshhajra, Danita Y. Sanborn, Muhamed Saric, Elizabeth Adlestein, Isabel Castro Alvarez, Yuhe Xia, Daniel G. Swistel, Daniele Massera, Michael A. Fifer, Bette Kim
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2023)
Utility of E/e′ Ratio During Low-Level Exercise to Diagnose Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Tomonari Harada, Masaru Obokata, Kazuki Kagami, Hidemi Sorimachi, Toshimitsu Kato, Noriaki Takama, Naoki Wada, Hideki Ishii
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2023)
Myocardial Injury on CMR in Patients With COVID-19 and Suspected Cardiac Involvement
Authors: Mahesh K. Vidula, Justyna Rajewska-Tabor, J. Jane Cao, Yu Kang, Jason Craft, Winifred Mei, Preethi S. Chandrasekaran, Daniel E. Clark, Ana-Maria Poenar, Miroslawa Gorecka, Maan Malahfji, Eilidh Cowan, Jennifer M. Kwan, Samuel W. Reinhardt, Sarah Al-Tabatabaee, Patrick Doeblin, Adriana D.M. Villa, Ilya Karagodin, Nazia Alvi, Panagiota Christia, Nicholas Spetko, Mark Philip Cassar, Christine Park, Lakshmi Nambiar, Alper Turgut, Mahan Roosta Azad, Moritz Lambers, Timothy C. Wong, Michael Salerno, Jiwon Kim, Michael Elliott, Betty Raman, Stefan Neubauer, Connie W. Tsao, Gina LaRocca, Amit R. Patel, Amedeo Chiribiri, Sebastian Kelle, Lauren A. Baldassarre, Dipan J. Shah, Sean G. Hughes, Matthew S. Tong, Malgorzata Pyda, Orlando P. Simonetti, Sven Plein, Yuchi Han
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2023)
Understanding respiratory microbiome–immune system interactions in health and disease
Authors: Sara K. Di Simone, Ina Rudloff, Claudia A. Nold-Petry, Samuel C. Forster, Marcel F. Nold
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2023)

Interactions between the developing microbiome and maturing immune system in early life are critical for establishment of a homeostasis beneficial to both host and commensals. The lung harbors a diverse community of microbes associated with health and local or systemic disease. We discuss how early life colonization and community changes correlate with immune development and health and disease throughout infancy, childhood, and adult life. We highlight key advances in microbiology, immunology, and computational biology that allow investigation of the functional relevance of interactions between the respiratory microbiome and host immune system, which may unlock the potential for microbiome-based therapeutics.
The Immunological Conundrum of Endogenous Retroelements
Authors: George Kassiotis
Journal: Annual Review of Immunology (2023)

Our defenses against infection rely on the ability of the immune system to distinguish invading pathogens from self. This task is exceptionally challenging, if not seemingly impossible, in the case of retroviruses that have integrated almost seamlessly into the host. This review examines the limits of innate and adaptive immune responses elicited by endogenous retroviruses and other retroelements, the targets of immune recognition, and the consequences for host health and disease. Contrary to theoretical expectation, endogenous retroelements retain substantial immunogenicity, which manifests most profoundly when their epigenetic repression is compromised, contributing to autoinflammatory and autoimmune disease and age-related inflammation. Nevertheless, recent evidence suggests that regulated immune reactivity to endogenous retroelements is integral to immune system development and function, underpinning cancer immunosurveillance, resistance to infection, and responses to the microbiota. Elucidation of the interaction points with endogenous retroelements will therefore deepen our understanding of immune system function and contribution to disease.
Natural Killer Cells in the Human Uterine Mucosa
Authors: Victoria Male, Ashley Moffett
Journal: Annual Review of Immunology (2023)

The presence of granulated lymphocytes in the human uterine mucosa, known as decidua during pregnancy, or endometrium otherwise, was first noted in the nineteenth century, but it was not until 1990 that these cells were identified as a type of natural killer (NK) cell. From the outset, uterine NK (uNK) cells were found to be less cytotoxic than their circulating counterparts, peripheral NK (pNK) cells. Recently, unbiased approaches have defined three subpopulations of uNK cells, all of which cluster separately from pNK cells. Here, we review the history of research into uNK cells, including their ability to interact with placental extravillous trophoblast cells and their potential role in regulating placental implantation. We go on to review more recent advances that focus on uNK cell development and heterogeneity and their potential to defend against infection and to mediate memory effects. Finally, we consider how a better understanding of these cells could be leveraged in the future to improve outcomes of pregnancy for mothers and babies.
Targeting Muscular Hemoglobin Content for Classification of Peripheral Arterial Disease by Noninvasive Multispectral Optoacoustic Tomography
Authors: Josefine S. Günther, Ferdinand Knieling, Anna P. Träger, Werner Lang, Alexander Meyer, Adrian P. Regensburger, Alexandra L. Wagner, Regina Trollmann, Joachim Woelfle, Daniel Klett, Wolfgang Uter, Michael Uder, Markus F. Neurath, Maximilian J. Waldner, Ulrich Rother
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2023)
Atrial Functional Tricuspid Regurgitation
Authors: Soongu Kwak, Jaehyun Lim, Seokhun Yang, Tae-Min Rhee, You-Jung Choi, Hyun-Jung Lee, In-Chang Hwang, Heesun Lee, Yeonyee E. Yoon, Hyo Eun Park, Seung-Pyo Lee, Hyung-Kwan Kim, Su-Yeon Choi, Yong-Jin Kim, Goo-Yeong Cho, Jun-Bean Park
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2023)
Entry Tear Hemodynamics Detect Patients With Adverse Aorta-Related Outcomes in Type B Aortic Dissection
Authors: Bradley D. Allen, Ozden Kilinc, Maurice Pradella, Stanley Chu, Christopher K. Mehta, S. Chris Malaisrie, Andrew W. Hoel, James C. Carr, Michael Markl
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2023)
Septal Scar Detection in Patients With Left Bundle Branch Block Using Echocardiographic Shear Wave Elastography
Authors: Laurine Wouters, Jürgen Duchenne, Stéphanie Bézy, Konstantina Papangelopoulou, Alexis Puvrez, Boudewijn Klop, Lennert Minten, Jan Bogaert, Rik Willems, Gàbor Vörös, Jan D’hooge, Jens-Uwe Voigt
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2023)
Associated Factors and Clinical Implications of Dynamic Changes in Late Gadolinium Enhancement After Acute Myocarditis
Authors: Yohann Bohbot, Francesca Sanguineti, Cédric Renard, Thomas Hovasse, Isabelle Limouzineau, Thierry Unterseeh, Chloé Di Lena, Wahiba Boukefoussa, Chloé Tawa, Suzanne Duhamel, Philippe Garot, Christophe Tribouilloy, Jérôme Garot
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2023)
Association of Physical Activity With Left Atrial Function in Older Adults
Authors: Romil R. Parikh, Riccardo M. Inciardi, Wendy Wang, Sheila M. Hegde, Faye L. Norby, Michael J. Zhang, Jorge L. Reyes, Jeremy R. Van’t Hof, Alvaro Alonso, Amil M. Shah, Scott D. Solomon, Lin Yee Chen
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2023)
Posttranslational modifications induce autoantibodies with risk prediction capability in patients with small cell lung cancer
Authors: Kristin J. Lastwika, Andrew Kunihiro, Joell L. Solan, Yuzheng Zhang, Lydia R. Taverne, David Shelley, Jung-Hyun Rho, Timothy W. Randolph, Christopher I. Li, Eric L. Grogan, Pierre P. Massion, Annette L. Fitzpatrick, David MacPherson, A. McGarry Houghton, Paul D. Lampe
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2023)

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) elicits the generation of autoantibodies that result in unique paraneoplastic neurological syndromes. The mechanistic basis for the formation of such autoantibodies is largely unknown but is key to understanding their etiology. We developed a high-dimensional technique that enables detection of autoantibodies in complex with native antigens directly from patient plasma. Here, we used our platform to screen 1009 human plasma samples for 3600 autoantibody-antigen complexes, finding that plasma from patients with SCLC harbors, on average, fourfold higher disease-specific autoantibody signals compared with plasma from patients with other cancers. Across three independent SCLC cohorts, we identified a set of common but previously unknown autoantibodies that are produced in response to both intracellular and extracellular tumor antigens. We further characterized several disease-specific posttranslational modifications within extracellular proteins targeted by these autoantibodies, including citrullination, isoaspartylation, and cancer-specific glycosylation. Because most patients with SCLC have metastatic disease at diagnosis, we queried whether these autoantibodies could be used for SCLC early detection. We created a risk prediction model using five autoantibodies with an average area under the curve of 0.84 for the three cohorts that improved to 0.96 by incorporating cigarette smoke consumption in pack years. Together, our findings provide an innovative approach to identify circulating autoantibodies in SCLC with mechanistic insight into disease-specific immunogenicity and clinical utility.
Catheterization of mice triggers resurgent urinary tract infection seeded by a bladder reservoir of <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i>
Authors: Jennie E. Hazen, Gisela Di Venanzio, Scott J. Hultgren, Mario F. Feldman
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2023)

The antibiotic-resistant bacterium Acinetobacter baumannii is a leading cause of hospital-associated infections. Despite surveillance and infection control efforts, new A. baumannii strains are regularly isolated from health care facilities worldwide. In a mouse model of urinary tract infection, we found that mice infected with A. baumannii displayed high bacterial burdens in urine for several weeks. Two months after the resolution of A. baumannii infection, inserting a catheter into the bladder of mice with resolved infection led to the resurgence of a same-strain urinary tract infection in ~53% of the mice within 24 hours. We identified intracellular A. baumannii bacteria in the bladder epithelial cells of mice with resolved infection, which we propose could act as a host reservoir that was activated upon insertion of a catheter, leading to a resurgent secondary infection.
Blocking common γ chain cytokine signaling ameliorates T cell–mediated pathogenesis in disease models
Authors: Audrey Le Floc’h, Kirsten Nagashima, Dylan Birchard, George Scott, Li-Hong Ben, Dharani Ajithdoss, Kaitlyn Gayvert, Annabel Romero Hernandez, Olivier Herbin, Amanda Tay, Pamela Farrales, Chandrashekhar K. Korgaonkar, Hao Pan, Sweta Shah, Vishal Kamat, Ishita Chatterjee, Jon Popke, Adelekan Oyejide, Wei Keat Lim, Jee H. Kim, Tammy Huang, Matthew Franklin, William Olson, Thomas Norton, Lorah Perlee, George D. Yancopoulos, Andrew J. Murphy, Matthew A. Sleeman, Jamie M. Orengo
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2023)

The common γ chain (γc; IL-2RG) is a subunit of the interleukin (IL) receptors for the γc cytokines IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, IL-15, and IL-21. The lack of appropriate neutralizing antibodies recognizing IL-2RG has made it difficult to thoroughly interrogate the role of γc cytokines in inflammatory and autoimmune disease settings. Here, we generated a γc cytokine receptor antibody, REGN7257, to determine whether γc cytokines might be targeted for T cell–mediated disease prevention and treatment. Biochemical, structural, and in vitro analysis showed that REGN7257 binds with high affinity to IL-2RG and potently blocks signaling of all γc cytokines. In nonhuman primates, REGN7257 efficiently suppressed T cells without affecting granulocytes, platelets, or red blood cells. Using REGN7257, we showed that γc cytokines drive T cell–mediated disease in mouse models of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and multiple sclerosis by affecting multiple aspects of the pathogenic response. We found that our xenogeneic GVHD mouse model recapitulates hallmarks of acute and chronic GVHD, with T cell expansion/infiltration into tissues and liver fibrosis, as well as hallmarks of immune aplastic anemia, with bone marrow aplasia and peripheral cytopenia. Our findings indicate that γc cytokines contribute to GVHD and aplastic anemia pathology by promoting these characteristic features. By demonstrating that broad inhibition of γc cytokine signaling with REGN7257 protects from immune-mediated disorders, our data provide evidence of γc cytokines as key drivers of pathogenic T cell responses, offering a potential strategy for the management of T cell–mediated diseases.
Glucagon Prescribing and Costs Among U.S. Adults With Diabetes, 2011–2021
Authors: Joseph R. Herges, Rodolfo J. Galindo, Joshua J. Neumiller, Herbert C. Heien, Guillermo E. Umpierrez, Rozalina G. McCoy
Journal: Diabetes Care (2023)

OBJECTIVE To characterize contemporary trends in glucagon fill rates and expenditures in a nationwide cohort of adults with diabetes overall and by key demographic and clinical characteristics. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, we examined 1) glucagon fill rates per 1,000 person-years and 2) patient out-of-pocket and health plan costs per filled glucagon dose among adults with diabetes included in OptumLabs Data Warehouse between 1 January 2011 and 31 March 2021. RESULTS The study population comprised 2,814,464 adults with diabetes with a mean age of 62.8 (SD 13.2) years. The overall glucagon fill rate decreased from 2.91 to 2.28 per 1,000 person-years (−22%) over the study period. In groups at high risk for severe hypoglycemia, glucagon fill rates increased from 22.46 to 36.76 per 1,000 person-years (64%) among patients with type 1 diabetes, 11.64 to 16.63 per 1,000 person-years (43%) among those treated with short-acting insulin, and 16.08 to 20.12 per 1,000 person-years (25%) among those with a history of severe hypoglycemia. White patients, women, individuals with high income, and commercially insured patients had higher glucagon fill rates compared with minority patients, males, individuals with low income, and Medicare Advantage patients, respectively. Total cost per dosing unit increased from $157.97 to $275.32 (74%) among commercial insurance beneficiaries and from $150.37 to $293.57 (95%) among Medicare Advantage beneficiaries. CONCLUSIONS Glucagon fill rates are concerningly low and declined between 2011 and 2021 but increased in appropriate subgroups with type 1 diabetes, using short-acting insulin, or with a history of severe hypoglycemia. Fill rates were disproportionately low among minority patients and individuals with low income.
Genome-wide analysis of aberrant position and sequence of plasma DNA fragment ends in patients with cancer
Authors: Karan K. Budhraja, Bradon R. McDonald, Michelle D. Stephens, Tania Contente-Cuomo, Havell Markus, Maria Farooq, Patricia F. Favaro, Sydney Connor, Sara A. Byron, Jan B. Egan, Brenda Ernst, Timothy K. McDaniel, Aleksandar Sekulic, Nhan L. Tran, Michael D. Prados, Mitesh J. Borad, Michael E. Berens, Barbara A. Pockaj, Patricia M. LoRusso, Alan Bryce, Jeffrey M. Trent, Muhammed Murtaza
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2023)

Genome-wide fragmentation patterns in cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in plasma are strongly influenced by cellular origin due to variation in chromatin accessibility across cell types. Such differences between healthy and cancer cells provide the opportunity for development of novel cancer diagnostics. Here, we investigated whether analysis of cfDNA fragment end positions and their surrounding DNA sequences reveals the presence of tumor-derived DNA in blood. We performed genome-wide analysis of cfDNA from 521 samples and analyzed sequencing data from an additional 2147 samples, including healthy individuals and patients with 11 different cancer types. We developed a metric based on genome-wide differences in fragment positioning, weighted by fragment length and GC content [information-weighted fraction of aberrant fragments (iwFAF)]. We observed that iwFAF strongly correlated with tumor fraction, was higher for DNA fragments carrying somatic mutations, and was higher within genomic regions affected by copy number amplifications. We also calculated sample-level means of nucleotide frequencies observed at genomic positions spanning fragment ends. Using a combination of iwFAF and nine nucleotide frequencies from three positions surrounding fragment ends, we developed a machine learning model to differentiate healthy individuals from patients with cancer. We observed an area under the receiver operative characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.91 for detection of cancer at any stage and an AUC of 0.87 for detection of stage I cancer. Our findings remained robust with as few as 1 million fragments analyzed per sample, demonstrating that analysis of fragment ends can become a cost-effective and accessible approach for cancer detection and monitoring.