tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The allure of the unknown in a tamed, mapped, and homogenized world
Authors: Liane Gabora, Isabel Gomez
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2022)

Abstract As the physical world becomes tamed and mapped out, opportunities to experience the unknown become rarer; imaginary worlds provide a much-needed sense of potentiality. Potentiality is central to the Self-Other Re-organization theory of cultural evolution, which postulates that creativity fuels cumulative cultural change. We point to evidence that fear affects, not the magnitude of exploration, but how cautiously it proceeds.
Imaginative processes in children are not particularly imaginative
Authors: Deena Skolnick Weisberg, David M. Sobel
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2022)

Abstract The authors argue that children prefer fictions with imaginary worlds. But evidence from the developmental literature challenges this claim. Children's choices of stories and story events show that they often prefer realism. Further, work on the imagination's relation to counterfactual reasoning suggests that an attraction to unrealistic fiction would undermine the imagination's role in helping children understand reality.
Young children are not driven to explore imaginary worlds
Authors: Angela Nyhout, Ruth Lee
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2022)

We address Dubourg and Baumard's claim that imaginary worlds are most appealing early in the lifespan when the exploratory drive is highest. Preschool-age children prefer fictions set in the real world, and fantastical information can be difficult for children to represent in real time. We speculate that a drive to explore imaginary worlds may emerge after children acquire substantial real-world skills and knowledge. An account of age effects on fictional preferences should encompass developmental change.
Epidermal differentiation complex genetic variation in atopic dermatitis and peanut allergy
Authors: Michelle F. Huffaker, Kanika Kanchan, Henry T. Bahnson, Ingo Ruczinski, Gautam Shankar, Donald Y.M. Leung, Carolyn Baloh, George Du Toit, Gideon Lack, Gerald T. Nepom, Rasika A. Mathias
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2022)
Autism and the preference for imaginary worlds
Authors: Heather Browning, Walter Veit
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2022)

Abstract Dubourg and Baumard mention a potential role for the human drive to systemise as a factor motivating interest in imaginary worlds. Given that hyperexpression of this trait has been linked with autism (Baron-Cohen, 2002, 2006), we think this raises interesting implications for how those on the autism spectrum may differ from the neurotypical population in their engagement with imaginary worlds.
Use Trends and Recent Expenditures for Cervical Cancer Screening–Associated Services in Medicare Fee-for-Service Beneficiaries Older Than 65 Years
Authors: Jin Qin, Hunter K. Holt, Thomas B. Richards, Mona Saraiya, George F. Sawaya
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2022)

Since 1996, the US Preventive Services Task Force has recommended against cervical cancer screening in average-risk women 65 years or older with adequate prior screening. Little is known about the use of cervical cancer screening-associated services in this age group.To examine annual use trends in cervical cancer screening-associated services, specifically cytology and human papillomavirus (HPV) tests, colposcopy, and cervical procedures (loop electrosurgical excision procedure, cone biopsy, and ablation) in Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries during January 1, 1999, to December 31, 2019, and estimate expenditures for services performed in 2019.This population-based, cross-sectional analysis included health service use data across 21 years for women aged 65 to 114 years with Medicare fee-for-service coverage (15-16 million women per year). Data analysis was conducted between July 2021 and April 2022.Proportion of testing modalities (cytology alone, cytology plus HPV testing [cotesting], HPV testing alone); annual use rate per 100 000 women of cytology and HPV testing, colposcopy, and cervical procedures from 1999 to 2019; Medicare expenditure for these services in 2019.There were 15 323 635 women 65 years and older with Medicare fee-for-service coverage in 1999 and 15 298 656 in 2019. In 2019, the mean (SD) age of study population was 76.2 (8.1) years, 5.1% were Hispanic, 0.5% were non-Hispanic American Indian/Alaska Native, 3.0% were non-Hispanic Asian/Pacific Islander, 7.4% were non-Hispanic Black, and 82.0% were non-Hispanic White. From 1999 to 2019, the percentage of women who received at least 1 cytology or HPV test decreased from 18.9% (2.9 million women) in 1999 to 8.5% (1.3 million women) in 2019, a reduction of 55.3%; use rates of colposcopy and cervical procedures decreased 43.2% and 64.4%, respectively. Trend analyses showed a 4.6% average annual reduction in use of cytology or HPV testing during 1999 to 2019 (P < .001). Use rates of colposcopy and cervical procedures decreased before 2015 then plateaued during 2015 to 2019. The total Medicare expenditure for all services rendered in 2019 was about $83.5 million. About 3% of women older than 80 years received at least 1 service at a cost of $7.4 million in 2019.The results of this cross-sectional study suggest that while annual use of cervical cancer screening-associated services in the Medicare fee-for-service population older than 65 years has decreased during the last 2 decades, more than 1.3 million women received these services in 2019 at substantial costs.
Effects of haemodynamically atrio‐ventricular optimized His bundle pacing on heart failure symptoms and exercise capacity: the His Optimized Pacing Evaluated for Heart Failure (<scp>HOPE‐HF</scp>) randomized, double‐blind, cross‐over trial
Authors: Zachary I. Whinnett, Matthew J. Shun‐Shin, Mark Tanner, Paul Foley, Badri Chandrasekaran, Philip Moore, Shaumik Adhya, Norman Qureshi, Amal Muthumala, Rebecca Lane, Aldo Rinaldi, Sharad Agarwal, Francisco Leyva, Jonathan Behar, Sukh Bassi, Andre Ng, Paul Scott, Rachana Prasad, Jon Swinburn, Joseph Tomson, Amarjit Sethi, Jaymin Shah, Phang Boon Lim, Andreas Kyriacou, Dewi Thomas, Jenny Chuen, Ravi Kamdar, Prapa Kanagaratnam, Myril Mariveles, Leah Burden, Katherine March, James P. Howard, Ahran Arnold, Pugazhendhi Vijayaraman, Berthold Stegemann, Nicholas Johnson, Emanuela Falaschetti, Darrel P. Francis, John G.F. Cleland, Daniel Keene
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2022)

Excessive prolongation of PR interval impairs coupling of atrio-ventricular (AV) contraction, which reduces left ventricular pre-load and stroke volume, and worsens symptoms. His bundle pacing allows AV delay shortening while maintaining normal ventricular activation. HOPE-HF evaluated whether AV optimized His pacing is preferable to no-pacing, in a double-blind cross-over fashion, in patients with heart failure, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤40%, PR interval ≥200 ms and either QRS ≤140 ms or right bundle branch block.
Cervical Cancer Incidence Among US Women, 2001-2019
Authors: Zahed Shahmoradi, Haluk Damgacioglu, Megan A. Clarke, Nicolas Wentzensen, Jane Montealegre, Kalyani Sonawane, Ashish A. Deshmukh
Journal: JAMA (2022)

This study uses national cancer incidence data to evaluate calendar trends in cervical cancer incidence by age at diagnosis.
Long-term Weight Training and Mortality in U.S. Male Health Professionals With and Without Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Dong Hoon Lee, Xiao Luo, Leandro F.M. Rezende, Hee-Kyung Joh, NaNa Keum, Eric B. Rimm, Fred K. Tabung, Xuehong Zhang, Edward L. Giovannucci
Journal: Diabetes Care (2022)

OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between long-term weight training and mortality in male health professionals with and without type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We analyzed 31,140 men without type 2 diabetes and 2,588 with type 2 diabetes from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1992–2018). Information on weight training was repeatedly assessed using a biennial questionnaire. Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs. RESULTS During up to 26 years of follow-up, we documented 12,607 deaths (988 deaths among men with type 2 diabetes). Among participants without type 2 diabetes, 1–59 and 60–149 min/week of long-term weight training were associated with 14% (HR 0.86; 95% CI 0.82–0.89) and 8% (HR 0.92; 95% CI 0.85–0.99) lower mortality versus no weight training, respectively, after adjustment for aerobic activity. However, ≥150 min/week of weight training was not significantly associated with mortality (HR 1.05; 95% CI 0.91–1.20; overall P trend = 0.94; P quadratic &amp;lt; 0.001). Meeting the recommended aerobic physical activity guideline (≥150 min/week) and performing any weight training were associated with 20–34% lower mortality. Among participants with type 2 diabetes, a moderate level of pre-diagnosis weight training was associated with lower mortality, whereas post-diagnosis weight training showed no association. Performing both weight training and aerobic activity before and after diagnosis was associated with lower mortality. CONCLUSIONS A moderate level of long-term weight training was associated with lower mortality, independently of aerobic activity, among male health professionals with and without type 2 diabetes. Addition of weight training to aerobic activities may provide further benefit in mortality risk reduction. Studies are required to confirm our findings in diverse populations.
Factors Moderating the Association Between Preterm Birth and Low School Readiness
Authors: Yanping Han, Zhen Zhou
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Influences on the development of imaginary worlds
Authors: Mark J P Wolf
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2022)

Abstract Dubourg and Baumard's paper takes a different, and fruitful, approach to the study of imaginary worlds than what is usually found in Media Studies, but omits certain circumstances and influences that shaped their history; this article argues that psychological or behavioral factors are not enough to explain the growth of imaginary worlds, even as they may be important influences.
Lipid nanoparticle-assisted miR29a delivery based on core-shell nanofibers improves tendon healing by cross-regulation of the immune response and matrix remodeling
Authors: Wei Chen, Yi Chen, Yiming Ren, Cangjian Gao, Chao Ning, Haotian Deng, Peiqi Li, Yang Ma, Hao Li, Liwei Fu, Guangzhao Tian, Zhen Yang, Xiang Sui, Zhiguo Yuan, Quanyi Guo, Shuyun Liu
Journal: Biomaterials (2022)
Cerebrospinal fluid quinolinic acid is strongly associated with delirium and mortality in hip-fracture patients
Authors: Leiv Otto Watne, Christian Thomas Pollmann, Bjørn Erik Neerland, Else Quist-Paulsen, Nathalie Bodd Halaas, Ane-Victoria Idland, Bjørnar Hassel, Kristi Henjum, Anne-Brita Knapskog, Frede Frihagen, Johan Raeder, Aasmund Godø, Per Magne Ueland, Adrian McCann, Wender Figved, Geir Selbæk, Henrik Zetterberg, Evandro F. Fang, Marius Myrstad, Lasse M. Giil
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2022)

BACKGROUND. The kynurenine pathway (KP) has been identified as a potential mediator linking acute illness to cognitive dysfunction by generating neuroactive metabolites in response to inflammation. Delirium (acute confusion) is a common complication of acute illness and is associated with increased risk of dementia and mortality. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying delirium, particularly in relation to the KP, remain elusive.
Socioecology and fiction
Authors: Nicholas Buttrick, Shigehiro Oishi
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2022)

We argue that the generation and enjoyment of imaginary worlds do not necessarily rely on an evolved preference for exploration. Rather, we suggest that culture is shaped by socioecological facts on the ground, and we hypothesize about the role of residential mobility, specifically, as an important factor in the popularity of imagined spaces.
Safety and immunogenicity of a bivalent SARS-CoV-2 recombinant protein vaccine, SCTV01C in unvaccinated adults: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, phase I clinical trial
Authors: Guiqiang Wang, Kexin Zhao, Jun Han, Zhongyu Hu, Tianzuo Zhang, Yanchao Wang, Rui Shi, Yanhua Li, Qinqin Song, Haijun Du, Peng He, Shuping Xu, Xinjie Yang, Yongpan Fu, Yimin Cui, Liangzhi Xie
Journal: Journal of Infection (2022)
Reversible covalent nanoassemblies for augmented nuclear drug translocation in drug resistance tumor
Authors: Chun-Nan Zhu, Mei-Yu Lv, Fei Song, Dong-Yun Zheng, Chao Liu, Xiao-Jun Liu, Dong-Bing Cheng, Zeng-Ying Qiao
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2022)
Challenging the Importance of Plastid Genome Structure Conservation: New Insights From Euglenophytes
Authors: Kacper Maciszewski, Alicja Fells, Anna Karnkowska
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2022)

Plastids, similar to mitochondria, are organelles of endosymbiotic origin, which retained their vestigial genomes (ptDNA). Their unique architecture, commonly referred to as the quadripartite (four-part) structure, is considered to be strictly conserved; however, the bulk of our knowledge on their variability and evolutionary transformations comes from studies of the primary plastids of green algae and land plants. To broaden our perspective, we obtained seven new ptDNA sequences from freshwater species of photosynthetic euglenids-a group that obtained secondary plastids, known to have dynamically evolving genome structure, via endosymbiosis with a green alga. Our analyses have demonstrated that the evolutionary history of euglenid plastid genome structure is exceptionally convoluted, with a patchy distribution of inverted ribosomal operon (rDNA) repeats, as well as several independent acquisitions of tandemly repeated rDNA copies. Moreover, we have shown that inverted repeats in euglenid ptDNA do not share their genome-stabilizing property documented in chlorophytes. We hypothesize that the degeneration of the quadripartite structure of euglenid plastid genomes is connected to the group II intron expansion. These findings challenge the current global paradigms of plastid genome architecture evolution and underscore the often-underestimated divergence between the functionality of shared traits in primary and complex plastid organelles.
Cervical Cancer Prevention and Cost for Women Older Than 65 Years in the US—Are We Spending Too Much or Too Little?
Authors: Sarah Feldman, Stephanie Alimena
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Efficacy and safety of intensive downstaging polypectomy (IDP) for multiple duodenal adenomas in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Yoji Takeuchi, Kenta Hamada, Hiroko Nakahira, Yusaku Shimamoto, Hirohisa Sakurai, Yasuhiro Tani, Satoki Shichijo, Akira Maekawa, Takashi Kanesaka, Sachiko Yamamoto, Koji Higashino, Fumie Fujisawa, Yasumasa Ezoe, Hideki Ishikawa, Michihiro Mutoh, Noriya Uedo, Masanori Nojima, Ryu Ishihara
Journal: Endoscopy (2022)

Background Patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) risk developing multiple duodenal adenomas (MDAs), leading to duodenal cancer and death. We investigated the efficacy and safety of intensive downstaging polypectomy (IDP) for MDAs integrated with new-generation procedures. Methods This prospective phase II study, conducted at a tertiary cancer center, enrolled patients with FAP who had MDAs. We performed IDP including cold snare/forceps polypectomy (CSP/CFP) and underwater endoscopic mucosal resection (UEMR). The primary end point was the downstaging of Spigelman stage at 1-year follow-up. Results 2424 duodenal polyps in 58 patients with FAP underwent IDP, including 2413 CSPs in 57 patients, seven CFPs in one patient, and four UEMRs in four patients. Only one major adverse event was observed (grade 3 hyperamylasemia) without clinical manifestations. We performed additional UEMR, CSP, and CFP for one, 12, and 22 patients, respectively, during initial follow-up. Overall, 55 patients completed protocol examination; the Spigelman stage was significantly reduced at the 1-year follow-up endoscopy (P &lt; 0.001), with downstaging observed in 39 patients (71 %). Among the 26 patients with Spigelman stage IV at initial examination and protocol completion, 23 (88 %) showed downstaging. There was no major change in Spigelman stages from 1-year follow-up esophagogastroduodenoscopy to a median of 37 months (range 3–56). Conclusions IDP, including new-generation procedures, showed significant downstaging with acceptable adverse events for MDA in patients with FAP, even those with advanced-stage disease. Lesion selection for different resection techniques may be important for suitable and sustainable management of MDA in patients with FAP.
Annals Graphic Medicine - The COVID-19 Pandemic: A Graphic Narrative
Authors: Mónica Lalanda
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2022)

Web ExclusivesDecember 2022Annals Graphic Medicine - The COVID-19 Pandemic: A Graphic NarrativeFREEMónica Lalanda, MDMónica Lalanda, MDValladolid, Spain (M.L.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/G22-0019 SectionsAboutVisual AbstractPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Comments0 CommentsSign In to Submit A Comment Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Valladolid, Spain (M.L.)Disclosures: The author has reported no disclosures of interest. The form can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=G22-0019.Author/Illustrator Information: Mónica Lalanda, MD. To see more of her work, visit www.monicalalanda.com ([email protected], monica.[email protected]com).Correction: This article was updated on 4 January 2023 to correct a typographical error.This article was published at Annals.org on 22 November 2022. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics December 2022Volume 175, Issue 12Page: W156-W162 ePublished: 22 November 2022 Issue Published: December 2022 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2022 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Participant Recruitment From Low- and Middle-Income Countries for Pivotal Trials of Drugs Approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration
Authors: Fareed A. Awan, Andrew B. Becker, Yuetong Wang, Jonathan Kimmelman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2022)

Many participants in clinical trials supporting U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) drug approvals are recruited from outside the United States, including from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Where participants are recruited for pivotal trials has implications for ethical research conduct and generalizability.To describe LMIC recruitment for pivotal trials of newly approved drugs for cancer, neurologic disease, and cardiovascular disease.Cross-sectional analysis.Pivotal trials of new cancer, cardiovascular, and neurologic drugs approved from 2012 to 2019 matched to ClinicalTrials.gov, FDA records, and publications.Host countries and available per country enrollments were extracted. The primary end point was the proportion of pivotal trials enrolling participants in LMICs. The secondary end point was the proportion of pivotal trial participants contributed by LMICs for each indication area.Data were obtained from 66 new drugs and 144 pivotal clinical trials. All cardiovascular approvals (12 drugs, 29 trials) and neurologic approvals (26 drugs, 54 trials) were analyzed, as well as a random sample of cancer approvals (28 of 85 drugs [33%]) matched to their pivotal trials (61 of 210 trials [29%]). Among the trials, 56% in cancer, 79% in cardiovascular disease, and 56% in neurology recruited from an LMIC. For multicountry trials, country-level enrollment figures were not available for 71 trials (55%). For those reporting per country enrollment, the percentage of participants recruited from LMICs was 8% for cancer trials, 36% for cardiovascular trials, and 17% for neurology trials.The study was limited to FDA-approved drugs in 3 areas, including a sample of cancer drugs. Pivotal trials of nonapproved drugs or drugs for other indications were not captured.Most pivotal trials for FDA-approved drugs recruit from LMICs. Publications and FDA documents generally do not provide country-level data on recruitment.None.
Timing and genotype distribution of symptomatic and asymptomatic sapovirus infections and re-infections in a Nicaraguan birth cohort
Authors: Fredman González, Marta Diez-Valcarce, Yaoska Reyes, Nadja A. Vielot, Christian Toval-Ruíz, Lester Gutiérrez, Omar Zepeda, Edwing Centeno Cuadra, Patricia Blandón, Hannah Browne, Natalie M. Bowman, Samuel Vílchez, Jan Vinjé, Sylvia Becker-Dreps, Filemón Bucardo
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2022)