Abstract P3-05-42: Identification of subpopulation of breast cancer patients with poor clinical outcome using CUB domain containing protein-1 (CDCP1)/CD318 and its interactive proteins SRC and the HGF axis
Authors: Yiming Yang, Xuefei Dong, Tracey A. Martin, Lin Ye, Jane Lane, Andrew J. Sanders, QingPing Dou, Eleri Davies, Wen G. Jiang
Journal: Cancer Research (2023)

Abstract Introduction. The CUB domain containing protein 1, also known as TRASK (Transmembrane and associated with Src kinases) or CD318, has been suggested as a biomarker for stem cells or stem like cells. The transmembrane CDCP1 protein is known to activate the Src kinase and has recently shown to play a key part in the aggressiveness of breast cancer cells including migration, invasiveness and possibly growth induced by the motogenic Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF) and its receptor MET (Kawase et al 2022), a process requires Rho-GEF, PI3K and STAT5. This appears to allow identification of a subset of cancer cells that are aggressive in their biological behaviours. Here, we examined the expression profile of CDCP1, SRC, the HGF/HGF receptor complex and HGF activation regulators in a cohort of breast cancer and attempt to establish if such protein axis is able to identify patients with high risk of poor clinical outcome. Methods. Using an establish breast cancer cohort which is comprised of both normal mammary tissues and breast cancer tissues freshly obtained after surgery, we quantified the gene transcripts of CDCP1/CD318 and examined its clinical and pathological relevance. Integrated analysis was conducted for CDCP1 and the expression profile of SRC, PI3K, HGF, the HGF receptor cMET, HGF activator (HGFA), HGF activation regulators including HAI-1, HAI2, matriptase-1 and matriptase-2, and STAT family members. This was done against the clinical outcome of the patients as well as the clinical and pathological factors. Results. Breast cancer tissues expressed high levels of CDCP1 compared with normal mammary tissues. CDCP1 itself had a weak yet significant value in predicting the overall survival of the patients (p=0.047). The expression levels of these CDCP1 related molecules aren’t significantly correlated with CDCP1. However, integrated analyses revealed that CDCP1, together with its pathway regulators SRC, HGF, the HGF receptor (MET) and the HGF activation regulators matriptases form a power prognostic indicator for the clinical outcome of the patients (p&amp;lt; 0.0001, HR=1.8 for overall survival (OS) and p=0.002, HR=1.5 for disease-free survival (DFS)). This integrated profile has also identified subgroups of patients with highly favourable and very poor clinical outcomes over a ten-year follow-up period, with the respective survival at 100% and 36% respectively. The predictive power for OS and DFS is highly independent of other clinical and pathological factors in a multivariate analysis (p=0.003 and p=0.017 respectively). The predictive power is applicable to ER negative and HER2 positive tumours. Discussion. CDCP1/CD318, a factor known to stimulate cancer cell aggressiveness, together with its pathway kinase SRC and newly identified extracellular activator HGF and the HGF regulators forms a significant independent prognostic factor. It identifies subgroups of patients with favourable and poor prognosis, allowing consideration of targeted therapies for the patients. Reference Kawase N, Sugihara A, Kajiwara K, Hiroshima M, Akamatsu K, Nada S, Matsumoto K, Ueda M, Okada M. SRC kinase activator CDCP1 promotes hepatocyte growth factor-induced cell migration/invasion of a subset of breast cancer cells. J Biol Chem, 2022, 298:101630. doi: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101630 Citation Format: Yiming Yang, Xuefei Dong, Tracey A. Martin, Lin Ye, Jane Lane, Andrew J. Sanders, QingPing Dou, Eleri Davies, Wen G. Jiang. Identification of subpopulation of breast cancer patients with poor clinical outcome using CUB domain containing protein-1 (CDCP1)/CD318 and its interactive proteins SRC and the HGF axis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-05-42.