tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Quantifying the contribution of mangroves to local fish consumption in Indonesia: a cross-sectional spatial analysis
Authors: Amy Ickowitz, Michaela Guo Ying Lo, Mulia Nurhasan, Agus Muhamad Maulana, Benjamin Michael Brown
Journal: The Lancet Planetary Health (2023)

Indonesia has lost more mangroves than any other country. The importance of mangroves for carbon storage and biodiversity is well recognised, but much less is known about what they contribute to the communities living near them who are called on to protect them. Malnutrition in Indonesia is high, with more than a third of children stunted, partly due to poor diets. Fish are nutrient-rich and are the most widely consumed animal source food in Indonesia, making the relationship between mangroves and fish consumption of great importance. Aquaculture is also tremendously important for fish production in Indonesia and has replaced large areas of mangroves over the last two decades.We performed a cross-sectional, spatial analysis in this study. We combined data on fish consumption for rural Indonesian coastal households from the Indonesian National Socioeconomic Survey with spatial data on mangrove forest and aquaculture area from the Indonesian Ministry of Environment and Forestry to create a cross-sectional spatial dataset. Using a mixed-effects regression model, we estimated to what extent living in proximity to different densities of mangroves and aquaculture was associated with fresh fish consumption for rural coastal households.Our sample included 6741 villages with 107 486 households in 2008. The results showed that rural coastal households residing near high-density mangroves consumed 28% (134/477) more fresh fish and other aquatic animals, and those residing near medium-density mangroves consumed 19% (90/477) more fresh fish and other aquatic animals, than coastal households who did not live near mangroves. Coastal households that lived near high-density aquaculture consumed 2% (9/536) more fresh fish, and those that lived near medium-density aquaculture consumed 1% (3/536) less, than other rural coastal households.Mangroves contribute substantially to the food security and nutrition of coastal communities in Indonesia. This finding means that the conservation of mangroves is important not only for carbon storage and biodiversity, but also for the communities living near them. Aquaculture does not appear to offer similar food security benefits.Bureau for Economic Growth, Education, and Environment, United States Agency for International Development.
Longitudinal remote monitoring of hidradenitis suppurativa: a pilot study
Authors: Fonette E Fonjungo, Leandra A Barnes, Zhuo Ran Cai, Haley B Naik, Edward S Eid, Maria A Aleshin, Vanessa Nava, Tiffani Johnson, Mary-Margaret Chren, Eleni Linos
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2023)

We sought to investigate the feasibility of longitudinal monitoring of disease activity from home in people with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). Over 6 months, our novel digital tool collected 421 photos of HS-affected skin from 27 participants and captured trends in pain and quality of life scores. We found that participants with mild disease were more likely to share their progress than those with more severe disease, which is favourable as it may suggest a role for remote monitoring in tracking disease progression. This pilot provides proof of concept that will support future studies.
Sex-Specific Cardiac Troponin Thresholds in Transgender Patients With Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Jiexi Wang, Alison Taur, Aiyu Chen, Yi-lin Wu, Ming-Sum Lee
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

This cohort study compares the use and outcomes of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin assay vs conventional troponin assay in transgender adults.
Cost-Effectiveness of Antiobesity Drugs for Adolescents With Severe Obesity
Authors: Shweta Mital, Hai V. Nguyen
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Although the American Academy of Pediatrics has recommended treatment with antiobesity drugs for adolescents, the cost-effectiveness of antiobesity drugs for this population is still unknown.To quantify cost-effectiveness of different antiobesity drugs available for pediatric use.This economic evaluation used a Markov microsimulation model with health states defined by obesity levels. Effectiveness was measured by quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) and costs were calculated from third-party payer perspective, estimated in 2023 US dollars over a 10-year horizon. Data were obtained from the published literature.Antiobesity drugs orlistat, liraglutide, semaglutide, and phentermine-topiramate vs no treatment. Metformin hydrochloride and 2 types of bariatric surgical procedures (sleeve gastrectomy and gastric bypass) were considered in sensitivity analysis.Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio.Among the 4 antiobesity drugs currently approved for pediatric use, phentermine-topiramate was the most cost-effective with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $93 620 per QALY relative to no treatment in this simulated cohort of 10 000 adolescents aged 12 to 17 years (mode, 15 years) with severe obesity (62% female). While semaglutide offered more QALYs than phentermine-topiramate, its higher cost resulted in an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio ($1 079 480/QALY) that exceeded the commonly used willingness-to-pay threshold of $100 000 to $150 000/QALY. Orlistat and liraglutide cost more and were less effective than phentermine-topiramate and semaglutide, respectively. Sleeve gastrectomy and gastric bypass were more effective than phentermine-topiramate but were also more costly, rendering them not cost-effective compared with phentermine-topiramate at the willingness-to-pay threshold of $100 000 to $150 000/QALY.In this economic evaluation of weight loss drugs for adolescents with severe obesity, we found phentermine-topiramate to be a cost-effective treatment at a willingness-to-pay threshold of $100 000 to $150 000/QALY. Further research is needed to determine long-term drug efficacy and how long adolescents continue treatment.
Immune signatures of checkpoint inhibitor-induced autoimmunity—A focus on neurotoxicity
Authors: Leonie Müller-Jensen, Axel R Schulz, Henrik E Mei, Raphael Mohr, Claas Ulrich, Philipp Knape, Nikolaj Frost, Stefan Frischbutter, Desiree Kunkel, Christian Schinke, Lorena Ginesta Roque, Smilla K Maierhof, Florian T Nickel, Lucie Heinzerling, Matthias Endres, Wolfgang Boehmerle, Petra Huehnchen, Samuel Knauss
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2023)

Neurologic immune-related adverse events (irAE-n) are rare but severe toxicities of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment. To overcome diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, a better mechanistic understanding of irAE-n is paramount.
Outcomes at one year in women with peripartum cardiomyopathy: Findings from the <scp>ESC EORP PPCM</scp> Registry
Authors: Alice M. Jackson, Johann Bauersachs, Mark C. Petrie, Peter van der Meer, Cecile Laroche, Hasan Ali Farhan, Alexandra Frogoudaki, Bassem Ibrahim, Doaa A. Fouad, Albertino Damasceno, Kamilu Karaye, Sorel Goland, Aldo P. Maggioni, Olivia Briton, Karen Sliwa
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2023)
Interventions for bullous pemphigoid: summary of a Cochrane Review
Authors: Gudula Kirtschig, Sanjay Singh
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2023)

Journal Article Corrected proof Interventions for bullous pemphigoid: summary of a Cochrane Review Get access Gudula Kirtschig, Gudula Kirtschig Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing Medical Health Centre Frauenfeld, Frauenfeld, Switzerland Correspondence: Gudula Kirtschig. Email: g.kirtschig@gmail.com https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1433-2407 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Sanjay Singh Sanjay Singh Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, ljad386, https://doi.org/10.1093/bjd/ljad386 Published: 12 October 2023 Article history Received: 20 July 2023 Revision received: 24 September 2023 Accepted: 30 September 2023 Published: 12 October 2023 Corrected and typeset: 06 November 2023
The Status of Blood Transfusion
Journal: JAMA (2023)

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Towards a more sustainable future: simple recommendations to integrate planetary health into education
Authors: Salvador Baena-Morales, Andreas Fröberg
Journal: The Lancet Planetary Health (2023)

This Personal View presents recommendations aimed at integrating planetary health into various stages of education, which are simple but effective, and designed with teachers in training and those who have not yet considered how to incorporate UNESCO's Education for Sustainable Development into their teaching practice. However, the constantly evolving nature of the Education for Sustainable Development programme must be recognised, and the importance of being able to adapt teaching methods to meet the changing needs of students as they progress through their educational journey should be highlighted. Therefore, this Personal View considers the cognitive, social, and ethical evolution of students and offers specific recommendations for preschool, primary, secondary, and university education levels. We recommend that educators should focus on teaching students to critically evaluate data on sustainability and to develop innovative solutions to environmental challenges. We also highlight the importance of incorporating practical projects, using active methods that promote skills related to caring for the planet, or the importance of situated learning that attends to the particularities of each context. In this way, students can develop skills and values that contribute to a more sustainable future. The recommendations made here aim to provide educators and researchers with simple but effective ways to integrate planetary health into education.
Mimicry of microbially-derived butyrate reveals templates for potent intestinal epithelial HIF stabilizers
Authors: Alfredo Ornelas, Nichole Welch, Jacob A. Countess, Liheng Zhou, Ruth X. Wang, Alexander S. Dowdell, Sean P. Colgan
Journal: Gut Microbes (2023)

Microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids, including butyrate (BA), have multiple beneficial health effects. In the colon, BA concentrations range from 10 to 20 mM and up to 95% is utilized as energy by the mucosa. BA plays a key role in epithelial-barrier regulation and anti-inflammation, and regulates cell growth and differentiation, at least in part, due to its direct influence on stabilization of the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF). It remains unclear whether BA is the optimal metabolite for such a response. In this study, we explored metabolite mimicry as an attractive strategy for the biological response to HIF. We discovered that 4-mercapto butyrate (MBA) stabilizes HIF more potently and has a longer biological half-life than BA in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). We validated the MBA-mediated HIF transcriptional activity through the induction of classic HIF gene targets in IECs and enhanced epithelial barrier formation in vitro. In-vivo studies with MBA revealed systemic HIF stabilization in mice, which was more potent than its parent BA metabolite. Mechanistically, we found that MBA enhances oxygen consumption and that the sulfhydryl group is essential for HIF stabilization, but exclusively as a four-carbon SCFA. These findings reveal a combined biochemical mechanism for HIF stabilization and provide a foundation for the discovery of potent metabolite-like scaffolds.
Projections of mortality risk attributable to short-term exposure to landscape fire smoke in China, 2021–2100: a health impact assessment study
Authors: Shuhan Lou, Yufu Liu, Yuqi Bai, Fang Li, Guangxing Lin, Lulu Xu, Zhao Liu, Yidan Chen, Xiao Dong, Mengzhen Zhao, Lingyu Wang, Meng Jin, Can Wang, Wenjia Cai, Peng Gong, Yong Luo
Journal: The Lancet Planetary Health (2023)

BackgroundLandscape fire smoke, including smoke from all vegetation burning in natural and cultural landscapes, remains a threat to the health of the population. However, the future health impacts of landscape fire smoke in China have not been sufficiently investigated. We aimed to estimate the mortality risk attributable to landscape fire-related PM2·5 under different scenarios.MethodsIn this health impact assessment study, we used the projected population and landscape fire-related PM2·5 concentration to calculate deaths attributable to short-term exposure to landscape fire smoke PM2·5 during 2021–2100. We did the analysis in three defined future periods: 2021–40 (near term), 2051–70 (medium term), and 2081–2100 (long term), with 1986–2005 as the historical period. We used fire-specific short-term epidemiological functions with the regional parameters specific to China. We assessed the mortality risks of landscape fire-related smoke and further identified their spatiotemporal distribution under two shared socioeconomic pathway (SSP) scenarios: SSP1–2·6, an optimistic scenario with strict control of carbon emissions, and SSP2–4·5, an intermediate scenario with weaker control of carbon emissions.FindingsThe national mortality rate attributable to short-term exposure (ie, a few days) to landscape fire-related PM2·5 is projected to increase compared with historical values. The national deaths attributable to landscape fire smoke PM2·5 could peak in 2021–40, with increases of 28·10% (95% CI 14·08–53·11) under the SSP1–2·6 scenario and 37·38% (14·08–53·11) under the SSP2–4·5 scenario. Deaths would then decrease slightly during 2051–70 and 2081–2100. The provinces with the highest projected number of deaths attributable to landscape fire-related PM2·5 are located in east and south-central China, and those with the largest percentage increase in projected deaths are located in northwest and southwest China.InterpretationOur results suggest that global warming could increase the contribution of landscape fire smoke to the total PM2·5 concentration, leading to an increase in the mortality rate in China. Our findings could help policy makers implement effective interventions in hotspot areas during different periods to reduce the impact of landscape fire smoke on human health.FundingThe National Natural Science Foundation of China, National Key Research and Development Program of China, and the Wellcome Trust.
Single-Nuclei RNA-Sequencing of the Gastrocnemius Muscle in Peripheral Artery Disease
Authors: Caroline G. Pass, Victoria Palzkill, Jianna Tan, Kyoungrae Kim, Trace Thome, Qingping Yang, Brian Fazzone, Scott T. Robinson, Kerri A. O’Malley, Feng Yue, Salvatore T. Scali, Scott A. Berceli, Terence E. Ryan
Journal: Circulation Research (2023)

Lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a growing epidemic with limited effective treatment options. Here, we provide a single-nuclei atlas of PAD limb muscle to facilitate a better understanding of the composition of cells and transcriptional differences that comprise the diseased limb muscle.
Clinical Benefit, Price, and Uptake for Cancer Biosimilars vs Reference Drugs in China
Authors: Xingxian Luo, Xin Du, Zhuangqi Li, Jingwen Liu, Xufeng Lv, Haoran Li, Qixiang Guo, Cen Wang, Xuecai Xue, Kaidi Le, Xiaomeng Jiang, Lin Huang, Yue Yang
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Importance The high cost of biologics used to treat cancer has been an increasing burden in the world. In China, the recent approval of cancer biosimilar drugs to resolve this problem is promising, but evidence of clinical benefits, price, and uptake for these drugs is still lacking. Objectives To compare characteristics of pivotal clinical trials in China and other countries for biosimilars of bevacizumab, rituximab, and trastuzumab and investigate the efficacy or effectiveness, safety, and immunogenicity outcomes of cancer biosimilars compared with reference drugs by meta-analysis. Data Sources For this systematic review and meta-analysis, PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched for published studies from database inception to February 1, 2023, using the search topics ( cancers ) AND ( biosimilars ). Study Selection Randomized clinical trials and cohort studies that included patients with cancer were included. Data Extraction and Synthesis Two authors independently extracted the outcome estimates and characteristics for each study. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed to summarize the relative estimates with 95% CIs. This study was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guideline. Main Outcomes and Measures Clinical trial characteristics were collected for biosimilars of bevacizumab, rituximab, and trastuzumab. The relative estimates of efficacy or effectiveness (objective response rate, progression-free survival, and overall survival), safety, and immunogenicity outcomes were analyzed for biosimilars vs reference drugs. The weighted average price and uptake rate were evaluated for biosimilars relative to their reference drugs between 2015 and 2022. Results A total of 39 RCTs (involving 18 791 patients) and 10 cohort studies (involving 1998 patients) were included. The biosimilars of bevacizumab (16 RCTs; risk ratio [RR], 0.97; 95% CI, 0.93-1.01; P = .17), rituximab (12 RCTs; RR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.98-1.08; P = .70), and trastuzumab (9 RCTs: RR, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.97-1.12; P = .29) met equivalence with reference biologics in regard to the objective response rate. The results summarized from cohort studies were consistent with those from RCTs. In 2022, cancer biosimilars were priced at 69% to 90% of the costs for the reference drugs, and their uptake reached 54% to 83% in China. Conclusions and Relevance This systematic review and meta-analysis indicated that cancer biosimilars provided comparable clinical benefits at lower prices compared with reference drugs. These findings suggest the potential feasibility of expediting the transition from reference drugs to biosimilars to benefit more patients with cancer.
Clinical impact of the <i>TPSAB1</i> genotype in mast cell diseases: A REMA study in a cohort of 959 individuals
Authors: David González‐de‐Olano, Paula Navarro‐Navarro, Javier I. Muñoz‐González, Laura Sánchez‐Muñoz, Ana Henriques, Ana de‐Andrés‐Martín, Dolores Peralta‐Arjonilla, Andrea Mayado, María Jara‐Acevedo, Andrés C. García‐Montero, Alberto Orfao, Iván Álvarez‐Twose
Journal: Allergy (2023)

Abstract Background A close association between hereditary alpha‐tryptasemia (HAT) and mast cell (MC) disorders has been previously reported. However, the relationship between HAT and the diagnostic subtypes and clinical features of MC disorders still remains to be established. Objective To determine the prevalence of HAT in healthy donors (HD) vs patients with different diagnostic subtypes of MC activation syndromes (MCAS) and mastocytosis, and its relationship with the clinical behavior of the disease. Methods A total of 959 subjects were studied including 346 healthy donors (HD), 464 mastocytosis, and 149 non‐clonal MCAS patients. Molecular studies to assess the TPSAB1 genotype were performed, and data on serum baseline tryptase (sBT) and basal MC‐mediator release episodes and triggers of anaphylaxis were collected. Results HAT was detected in 15/346 (4%) HD versus 43/149 (29%) non‐clonal MCAS and 84/464 (18%) mastocytosis cases. Among mastocytosis, HAT was more frequently found in patients with MC‐restricted KIT D816V (21% vs. 10% among multilineage KIT D816V patients; p = .008). Overall, median sBT was higher in cases presenting with HAT (28.9 vs. 24.5 ng/mL; p = .008), while no significant differences in sBT were observed among HAT + mastocytosis patients depending on the presence of 1 vs. ≥2 extra copies of the α‐tryptase gene (44.1 vs. 35.2 ng/mL, p &gt; .05). In turn, anaphylaxis was more frequently observed in HAT + versus HAT − mastocytosis patients (76% vs. 65%; p = .018), while HAT + and HAT − patients who did not refer anaphylaxis as the presenting symptom ( n = 308) showed a similar prevalence of subsequent anaphylaxis (35% vs. 36%, respectively). Conclusion The frequency of HAT in MC disorders varies according to the diagnostic subtype of the disease. HAT does not imply a higher risk (and severity) of anaphylaxis in mastocytosis patients in whom anaphylaxis is not part of the presenting symptoms of the disease.
Phylogenomics Reveals High Levels of Incomplete Lineage Sorting at the Ancestral Nodes of the Macaque Radiation
Authors: Xinxin Tan, Jiwei Qi, Zhijin Liu, Pengfei Fan, Gaoming Liu, Liye Zhang, Ying Shen, Jing Li, Christian Roos, Xuming Zhou, Ming Li
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2023)

Abstract The genus Macaca includes 23 species assigned into 4 to 7 groups. It exhibits the largest geographic range and represents the most successful example of adaptive radiation of nonhuman primates. However, intrageneric phylogenetic relationships among species remain controversial and have not been resolved so far. In this study, we conducted a phylogenomic analysis on 16 newly generated and 8 published macaque genomes. We found strong evidence supporting the division of this genus into 7 species groups. Incomplete lineage sorting (ILS) was the primary factor contributing to the discordance observed among gene trees; however, we also found evidence of hybridization events, specifically between the ancestral arctoides/sinica and silenus/nigra lineages that resulted in the hybrid formation of the fascicularis/mulatta group. Combined with fossil data, our phylogenomic data were used to establish a scenario for macaque radiation. These findings provide insights into ILS and potential ancient introgression events that were involved in the radiation of macaques, which will lead to a better understanding of the rapid speciation occurring in nonhuman primates.