tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Chemical Components of Cannabis sativa
Authors: Carlton E. Turner
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We wish to report the first isolation, to our knowledge, of the amino acid proline and a steroidal mixture of sitosterol, stigmasterol, and campesterol from marihuana. Proline and the steroidal mixture were isolated from an Indian variant of<i>Cannabis sativa</i>Linnaeus (marihuana). Additionally, neurine was isolated, for the first time, from the roots of a Mexican variant. Choline previously identified by Schulze and Frankfurt, was also isolated from the roots. Conformation of structure identification was obtained by thin layer chromatography, gas chromatography, and combined gas chromatography-mass spectometry and other classical structure elucidation methods. The steroidal concentration was approximately 0.1% of dried plant material, whereas the proline concentration was 0.01%. Choline and neurine were present in the dried roots at 0.01%. Pharmacological data of the above mentioned compounds, which are found in many plant species, have been documented; their exact biological role in the complex chemical composition of
Awards, Appointments, Announcements
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Journal Article Awards, Appointments, Announcements Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 11, 6 June 1990, Pages 907–909, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.11.907-a Published: 06 June 1990
Tryptophan Biosynthesis in Escherichia coli
Authors: Charles Yanofsky
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Investigations employing mutant bacteria and bacteriophage have provided considerable insight into the effects of mutations on protein structure, the types of alterations of genetic material which constitute mutations, how genetic material specifies protein structure, and the nature of the genetic code. In addition, mutational studies have revealed interesting and important aspects of the relationship between structure and function in proteins. The mutational approach has also been rewarding in studies of regulatory mechanisms and genetic elements involved in regulatory processes. Finally, mutational studies are being employed in the examination of the assumptions underlying current concepts of molecular evolution. It is evident from this partial list that the mutational approach is applicable to the study of a wide range of biological phenomena. The unique feature responsible for its efficacy is that it permits the examination of the consequences of inactivation of a single gene product. This enables the investigator to determine the
Hand Nebulizers in Asthma
Authors: J. J. Robbins
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I agree with Reisman (<b>211</b>:1782, 1970) that in some instances use of an isoproterenol (Isuprel) nebulizer may increase the severity of asthma. The blame for misuse does not lie with the patient who is desperately trying to stay alive. Isoproterenol is effective only when applied directly to the bronchial mucosa. Many patients spray the medication in their mouths and thereby derive little or no benefit, only irritating their throats and vocal cords. A few moments of instruction to exhale forcibly before taking a single inhalation are well worth the time and trouble. Patients are all too frequently told to use the nebulizer only when absolutely necessary. Postponing use until obstruction is so severe as to make penetration into the bronchi impossible tends to set up a vicious circle of further inhalations and irritation as pointed out by Dr. Reisman. Early use at the first premonition of
1091 DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF ALVEOLAR ECHINOCOCCOSIS OF THE LIVER IN IMMUNOCOMPROMISED PATIENTS
Authors: A. Chauchet, C. Richou, F. Grenouillet, D.A. Vuitton, O. Blagosklonov, E. Delabrousse, V. Di Martino, E. Deconinck, J.-L. Dupond, L. Millon, G. Mantion, S. Bresson-Hadni
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Green's Manual of Pathology
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Psychiatry and the Dangerous Offender
Authors: A. Louis McGarry
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

ONE area of great concern to psychiatry and the law is the prediction of the future danger of an individual to society. The courts must bear a very heavy responsibility in "sanity" hearings and criminal proceedings, in which the central issue revolves around the right of the individual to be free in society, on the one hand, and the collective right of society to be protected from the dangerous person, on the other. Society has traditionally placed the highest value on the rights of the individual. Recent Supreme Court decisions affecting the right to counsel, protection from improper search and . . .
Africa on the Precipice: Perspective From South Africa
Authors: Alexander Walker
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —In their excellent Commentary, Elmore-Meegan and O'Riorden<sup>1</sup>urge that international aid be focused away from the elite of cities in Africa and concentrated on the village poor. We comment on these aspects, by referring to the experience in South Africa, the black population of which is undergoing major transition. In urban areas (where 40% of the population live), the birth rate has fallen. In the big cities, it is about 20 per 1000 population, half of the former rate. In rural areas, the rate is still high, although research shows that it would certainly be lower were the choice left wholly to women. In urban areas there is increasing appreciation that smaller families equals higher education for children, better houses, television, and holidays. Unfortunately, however, there are disadvantages, namely, increased smoking and alcohol consumption, diminished physical activity, and less secure family life and values. On this
Annual Review of Physiology
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Learning to break bad news
Authors: L. Beecham
Journal: BMJ (1997)

The cross-reaction of IgM-rheumatoid factors (IgM-RF) with a cell nuclear antigen has been further investigated by immunofluorescence procedures. This reaction appears to be optimal at pH 8-9, and fails to occur at pH 6.5. No evidence was obtained by immunofluorescence that IgM-RF bound to the cell nuclear antigen fixes complement. It would appear that the nuclear reactivity of IgM-RF may be of limited immunopathological significance, though this reaction is of note in understanding the behavioural nature of rheumatoid factors.
Real-Time Ultrasonography of the Neonatal Head
Authors: Walter S. Rose
Journal: JAMA (1983)

SUBEPENDYMAL and intraventricular hemorrhage are common and serious problems in the premature neonate. The hemorrhage usually occurs in neonates of less than 32 weeks' gestation and weighing less than 1,500 g. The incidence of these complications initially recognized on computed tomographic (CT) scanning ranges from 44% to 70% in those infants requiring assisted ventilation.<sup>1</sup>The source of the intraventricular hemorrhage is the germinal matrix in 90% or more of the cases.<sup>2</sup>This structure lies beneath the ependyma of the lateral ventricles and usually involutes at 34 weeks' gestation.<sup>3</sup>The typical subependymal hemorrhage is present between the caudate nucleus and the frontal horns, anterior to the origin of the foramen of Monro. Other equally important disorders in the neonate include hydrocephalus, meningomyelocele with Arnold-Chiari malformations, other congenital abnormalities, vascular abnormalities, and benign and malignant tumors. With the use of the current-generation high-resolution, real-time scanners, the diagnosis of intracranial
Hepatitis in a Family Infected by Chlamydia Psittaci
Authors: Z Samra, A Pik, A Guidetti-Sharon, E Yona, Y Weisman
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1991)

Hepatic involvement is considered a rare complication of psittacosis. Occurrence of icteric hepatitis as the cardinal manifestation of the disease has been rarely reported. We describe two members of a family infected by psittacosis, in whom icteric hepatitis was the prominent expression of the disease. The diagnosis of psittacosis was confirmed by isolation of the pathogen and by detection of serum antibodies to Chlamydia species. No serological evidence for acute TWAR infection was found. Chlamydia psittaci was also isolated from the family's parrot.
Highlights from Recent Cancer Literature
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

MCL1 Inhibition Is Effective in Diverse Cancer ModelsThe prosurvival BCL-2 family protein myeloid cell leukemia 1 (MCL1) is overexpressed in many cancers.Despite this, no MCL1-like drugs suitable for in vivo use have been developed, in part due to concerns associated with tolerability.Using an NMR-based fragment screen and structure-guided drug discovery, Kotschy and colleagues identified S63845, a selective and potent MCL1 inhibitor.Importantly, this small molecule outperformed current BH3 mimetics (ABT-263 and ABT-199) targeting BCL2 and potently killed MCL1-dependent multiple myeloma, leukemia, and lymphoma cells.In vivo, S63845 showed single-agent activity, inducing complete regression in some cases, minimally affecting normal tissues.Moreover, MCL1 inhibition, alone or in combination with other anticancer drugs, proved effective in cell line models of breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, and melanoma.These results point towards MCL1 as a target for the treatment of a wide range of cancers.(Image courtesy of
Inhibition of Estrogen Tumorigenesis in the Syrian Golden Hamster Kidney by Antiestrogens&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Jonathan J. Li
 5, Terry L. Cuthbertson, Sara Antonia Li
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1980)

Both 8S and 4S estrogen-binding components were identified following sucrose gradient analyses in untreated and either diethylstilbestrol (DES)-primed or 17β-estradiol-primed Syrian golden hamster renal cytosols homogenized in the presence of 5% glycerol. The 8S estrogen-binding moiety increased in the untransformed kidney with continued hormone treatment. The concentration of total estrogen receptor in hamster renal cytosols was enhanced from 6.1 ±0.9 fmol/mg protein in untreated hamsters to 20.7±2.5 fmol/mg protein (SEM) in DES-treated hamsters. Binding equilibrium measurements (Ka) for the kidney estrogen binder in DES-primed hamsters was estimated to be 2.4×1010 M−1. The antiestrogens nafoxidine and enclomiphene but not 1-(ρ-2-diethylaminoethoxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-2-ρ-methoxyphenyl ethanol (MER-25) appreciably inhibited the binding activity of the tritiated estradiol, particularly in the 8S region of the gradient, at five hundredfold excess radioinert antiestrogen concentrations. Injection of these antiestrogens for 3 days into previously estrogen-treated hamsters yielded competition profiles in the renal cytosols of these animals consistent with those found after in vitro incubation. Simuitaneous treatment with antiestrogens such as either nafoxidine or enclomiphene and DES completely suppressed the induction of renal carcinoma in the hamster by estrogen. The presence of tumor foci was ascertained by histochemical staining in fresh-frozen sections for esterase activity, i.e., very low levels in tumor foci compared to high levels in adjacent untransformed renal cortex. This observation was consistent with gel electrophoretic data that indicated a marked decline in individual esterase activity in extracts of pure renal tumor compared to normal kidney. In contrast, MER-25 did not inhibit renal tumorigenesis in the hamster in the presence of DES under similar conditions. Therefore, the ability of these antiestrogens to block renal tumorigenesis in the presence of estrogen correlated well with the antiestrogen competition data for the renal estrogen receptor in DES-treated hamsters.
Preoperative biochemical screening
Authors: B I Hoffbrand
Journal: BMJ (1988)

was plainly evident that enalapril had considerably improved the quality of life and possibly prolonged it in many seriously ill patients" but give no data to support this observation.Every method of assessing the benefit risk profile of a new chemical entity has its drawbacks, but we believe that the yellow card reports, prescription-event monitoring, and properly conducted postmarketing studies each contribute to our knowledge, albeit in different ways.In attempt- ing to compare different methods care must be exercised to ensure legitimacy of the conclusions.
Fetal Consequences of Maternal Rubella Immunization
Authors: William F. Fleet
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Products of conception from 19 women immunized against rubella shortly before or during pregnancy were studied. Ten pregnancies went to term, and nine ended in abortion (eight induced). Vaccine-like rubella virus was recovered from the eye of one aborted fetus, the only instance in which fetal infection was demonstrated. Lenticular abnormalities typical of congenital rubella were observed in the other fetal eye, and particles resembling rubella virus were seen on electron microscopy. The seronegative mother had been immunized seven weeks before conception. The serologic status at the time of immunization of only one other woman is known and she was immune. The recovery of vaccine-like rubella virus from a fetus with histologic evidence of a cataract suggests that attenuated rubella virus may be teratogenic when given to susceptible women early in pregnancy or shortly before conception.
Migration of Schrapnel From Lung to Bronchus
Authors: William Bogedain
Journal: JAMA (1984)

MORE than 60 years ago, the pioneer endoscopist Chevalier Jackson described his experience with foreign bodies of the lung. Metallic foreign bodies cause little specific reaction. A very smooth, dense, insoluble, inorganic substance causes no trauma and little reaction for a long time, if drainage and aeration are not interfered with. On the other hand, a sharp, ragged fragment of such form as to cause continued trauma may be followed by such serious consequences as to make the prognosis grave if the intruder is not removed within a few weeks.<sup>1</sup> The literature is filled with many interesting reports of foreign bodies in the lung.<sup>2</sup>However, the reported instances of erosion of a foreign body into a bronchus are rare. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> One month before the Armistice was signed in World War I, a 23-year-old soldier was struck in the left side of his chest by a piece
Highlights of This Issue
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2012)

Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA) are widely used in treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS).Their efficacy is variable, and clinical parameters may only partially predict response.To refine prediction of response, Spinelli and colleagues set up a cytofluorimetric assay to evaluate in vitro activation of the erythropoietin signaling pathway in primary MDS marrow cell subpopulations.Erythropoietin in vitro was able to phosphorylate STAT5 in erythroid progenitors of MDS.This activation was significantly weaker than in progenitors from normal marrows, but correlated with clinical response.This test successfully identifies, prior to therapy, MDS patients who will respond to ESAs, thus avoiding noneffective treatments.
Viral Hepatitis Among American Missionaries Abroad
Authors: Allen L. Cline
Journal: JAMA (1967)

It is the impression of many physicians that the incidence of viral hepatitis among Americans abroad is much higher than that in the United States. There is very little information available, however, to assist them in determining whether this is indeed true. Attack rates have only been determined for military populations, and may not apply to civilians who obviously live under very different circumstances. To assess the extent to which viral hepatitis is a risk, a group is needed which has been under medical supervision while residing in countries thought to be "hyperendemic." American missionaries and their families are such a group, and seem to be a suitable population in many respects. They remain abroad for long periods of time, work in close contact with the indigenous populations, and in general have not received immune globulin for prevention of infectious hepatitis. Accordingly, in October 1964 the present study was undertaken.
Incidence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Seroconversion in US Navy and Marine Corps Personnel, 1986 Through 1988
Authors: Frank C. Garland
Journal: JAMA (1989)

From 1986 through 1988, the US Navy and US Marine Corps administered 1 956 631 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay screening tests for antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus to 1 070 511 active-duty enlisted and officer personnel. This study identified all persons who had an initial test with negative results. This population was then followed up and those who later tested positive for human immunodeficiency virus were identified as seroconverters. There were 582 seroconversions identified from a total of 987 479 person-years at risk. The age adjusted seroconversion rate and 95% Poisson confidence intervals for navy personnel was 0.69 per 1000 person-years (95% confidence interval, 0.63 to 0.76). Age-adjusted rates in men were 5.0 times those of women. Age-adjusted rates in blacks were 3.7 times those of whites. The age-adjusted seroconversion rate in Marine Corps personnel was 0.28 per 1000 person-years (95% confidence interval, 0.22 to 0.36). Similar demographic patterns were present in the Marine Corps and the US Navy. This study is one of the first reports of incidence of human immunodeficiency virus seroconversion by demographic characteristics in a large, young, and apparently healthy population. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1989;262:3161-3165)
Chronic Mucocutaneous Candidiasis, Myositis, and Thymoma
Authors: Leopoldo F. Montes
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Another patient, to our knowledge the third reported in the literature, had a triad composed of intractable, chronic, mucocutaneous candidiasis, myositis, and thymoma. This is the second instance in which a thymoma was found and removed surgically following development of the two clinically more evident members of the triad. Myositis was the first manifestation, preceding the onset of candidiasis by 11 years. Results of a muscle biopsy revealed interstitial lymphorrhagia in a perivascular location. Light and electron microscopic study of the tumor demonstrated numerous small and large lymphocytes, as well as some larger epitheliallike cells resembling closely the earliest differentiating stages of thymic myoid cells. The fungal infection showed minimal spontaneous improvement during the first year after surgery.
A study of the kinetics and pattern of E-selectin, VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 expression in chronic actinic dermatitis
Authors: H. DU, P. MENAGÉ, N.K. SATTAR, D.O. HASKARD, J.L.M. HAWK, S.M. BREATHNACH
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

Journal Article A study of the kinetics and pattern of E‐selectin, VCAM‐1 and ICAM‐1 expression in chronic actinic dermatitis Get access H. DU, H. DU St John's Institute of Dermatology. St Thomas’Hospital. London SE1 7EH. U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. MENAGÉ, P. MENAGÉ St John's Institute of Dermatology. St Thomas’Hospital. London SE1 7EH. U.K. Dr H. du P. Menagé. Photobiology Department. St John's Institute of Dermatology. Lambeth Patace Road, London SE1 7EH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N.K. SATTAR, N.K. SATTAR St John's Institute of Dermatology. St Thomas’Hospital. London SE1 7EH. U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D.O. HASKARD, D.O. HASKARD Department of Medicine (Rhematology). Royal Postgraduate Medical School. Hammersmith Hospital. London, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.L.M. HAWK, J.L.M. HAWK St John's Institute of Dermatology. St Thomas’Hospital. London SE1 7EH. U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S.M. BREATHNACH S.M. BREATHNACH St John's Institute of Dermatology. St Thomas’Hospital. London SE1 7EH. U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 134, Issue 2, 1 February 1996, Pages 262–268, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1996.tb07611.x Published: 01 February 1996
William Osler and Medical Journalism
Authors: Charles G. Roland
Journal: JAMA (1967)

In 1899, in a memorial to his friend and colleague, William Pepper, Osler wrote: It seems to me that for so young a man, Pepper had a great deal of good sense to have avoided the pitfalls of medical journalism. He must have seen at an early date that to be successful in it meant practically the sacrifice of everything else.<sup>1</sup> Osler would seem, then, not favorably disposed toward medical journalism. Nevertheless, whatever the pitfalls of medical journalism, Osler was extremely successful in this endeavor; nor did he have to make any detectable sacrifice of other ambitions or projects. Medical journalism is not always an easily defined activity. We might consider that it has three phases, each shading into the other. First, there is the medical editing done by most—but, lamentably, not all—authors. Editing and revising your own writing must be one of the most arduous of intellectual tasks.