tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Highlights From the <i>Circulation</i> Family of Journals
Authors: Michiel Dalinghaus, Marijke Van Der Meulen, Johanna Herkert, Susanna Den Boer, Gideon Du, Marchie Sarvaas, Nico Blom, ; Arend, D Ten Harkel, Hans Breur, Lukas Rammeloo, Ronald Tanke, Carlo Marcelis, Ingrid Van De Laar, Judith Verhagen, Ronald Lekanne Dit Deprez, Daniela Barge-Schaapveld, Annette Baas, Arjan Sammani, ; Peter Van Tintelen, Ephraim Winzer, Antje Augstein, Antje Schauer, Stephan Mueller, Tina Fischer-Schaepmann, Keita Goto, Jennifer Hommel, Emeline Van Craenenbroeck, Ulrik Wisløff, Burkert Pieske, Martin Halle, Axel Linke, Volker Adams, Alberta Warner, Lingyun Lu, Zunera Ghaznavi, Cynthia Jackevicius, Andrew Lin, Pepijn Van Diemen, Manish Motwani, Priscilla Mcelhinney, Yuka Otaki, Donghee Han, Alan Kwan, Evangelos Tzolos, Eyal Klein, Keiichiro Kuronuma, Kajetan Grodecki, Benjamin Shou, Richard Rios, Nipun Manral, Sebastien Cadet, Ibrahim Danad, Roel Driessen, Daniel Berman, Bjarne Nørgaard, Piotr Slomka, Paul Knaapen, Damini Dey
Journal: Circulation (2023)

October's highlights from the subspecialty journals cover a range of interesting topics.The experience with genetic testing among Dutch children with dilated cardiomyopathy is described in Circulation: Genomic and Precision Medicine.The impact of various exercise training approaches on skeletal muscle in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction is presented in Circulation: Heart Failure.Gaps in heart failure treatments over a decade are reported in Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes.The associations of machine-learning approaches to plaque morphology from coronary computed tomography angiography with ischemia are reported in Circulation: Cardiovascular Imaging.Last, an observational study of left main percutaneous coronary intervention at sites with and without surgical backup is reported in Circulation: Cardiovascular Interventions.
Effect of an Individualized Audit and Feedback Intervention on Rates of Musculoskeletal Diagnostic Imaging Requests
Authors: Louise Stone, Oliver Frank, Chun Wah Michael Tam
Journal: JAMA (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Healthy lifestyle behaviors, mediating biomarkers, and risk of microvascular complications among individuals with type 2 diabetes: A cohort study
Authors: Tingting Geng, Kai Zhu, Qi Lu, Zhenzhen Wan, Xue Chen, Liegang Liu, An Pan, Gang Liu
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2023)

Background The influence of overall lifestyle behaviors on diabetic microvascular complications remains unknown. In addition, the potential mediating biomarkers underlying the association is unclear. This study aimed to examine the associations of the combined lifestyle factors with risks of total and individual microvascular complications among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and to explore the potential mediation effects of metabolic biomarkers. Methods and findings This retrospective cohort study included 15,104 patients with T2D free of macro- and microvascular complications at baseline (2006 to 2010) from the UK Biobank. Healthy lifestyle behaviors included noncurrent smoking, recommended waist circumference, regular physical activity, healthy diet, and moderate alcohol drinking. Outcomes were ascertained using electronic health records. Over a median of 8.1 years of follow-up, 1,296 cases of the composite microvascular complications occurred, including 558 diabetic retinopathy, 625 diabetic kidney disease, and 315 diabetic neuropathy, with some patients having 2 or 3 microvascular complications simultaneously. After multivariable adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics, history of hypertension, glycemic control, and medication histories, the hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals (CIs)) for the participants adhering 4 to 5 low-risk lifestyle behaviors versus 0 to 1 were 0.65 (0.46, 0.91) for diabetic retinopathy, 0.43 (0.30, 0.61) for diabetic kidney disease, 0.46 (0.29, 0.74) for diabetic neuropathy, and 0.54 (0.43, 0.68) for the composite outcome (all Ps -trend ≤0.01). Further, the population-attributable fraction (95% CIs) of diabetic microvascular complications for poor adherence to the overall healthy lifestyle (&lt;4 low-risk factors) ranged from 25.3% (10.0%, 39.4%) to 39.0% (17.7%, 56.8%). In addition, albumin, HDL-C, triglycerides, apolipoprotein A, C-reactive protein, and HbA 1c collectively explained 23.20% (12.70%, 38.50%) of the associations between overall lifestyle behaviors and total diabetic microvascular complications. The key limitation of the current analysis was the potential underreporting of microvascular complications because the cases were identified via electronic health records. Conclusions Adherence to overall healthy lifestyle behaviors was associated with a significantly lower risk of microvascular complications in patients with T2D, and the favorable associations were partially mediated through improving biomarkers of glycemic control, systemic inflammation, liver function, and lipid profile.
Live Cell Lineage Tracing of Dormant Cancer Cells
Authors: Hyuna Kim, Anna Wirasaputra, Farnaz Mohammadi, Aritra Nath Kundu, Jennifer A. E. Esteves, Laura M. Heiser, Aaron S. Meyer, Shelly R. Peyton
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Abstract Breast cancer is a leading cause of global cancer‐related deaths, and metastasis is the overwhelming culprit of poor patient prognosis. The most nefarious aspect of metastasis is dormancy, a prolonged period between primary tumor resection and relapse. Current therapies are insufficient at killing dormant cells; thus, they can remain quiescent in the body for decades until eventually undergoing a phenotypic switch, resulting in metastases that are more adaptable and drug resistant. Unfortunately, dormancy has few in vitro models, largely because lab‐derived cell lines are highly proliferative. Existing models address tumor dormancy, not cellular dormancy, because tracking individual cells is technically challenging. To combat this problem, a live cell lineage approach to find and track individual dormant cells, distinguishing them from proliferative and dying cells over multiple days, is adapted. This approach is applied across a range of different in vitro microenvironments. This approach reveals that the proportion of cells that exhibit long‐term quiescence is regulated by both cell intrinsic and extrinsic factors, with the most dormant cells found in 3D collagen gels. This paper envisions that this approach will prove useful to biologists and bioengineers in the dormancy community to identify, quantify, and study dormant tumor cells.
SHP2 deneddylation mediates tumor immunosuppression in colon cancer via the CD47/SIRPα axis
Authors: Yiqing Li, Hui Zhou, Pan Liu, Dandan Lv, Yichun Shi, Bufu Tang, Jiaqi Xu, Tingting Zhong, Wangting Xu, Jie Zhang, Jianying Zhou, Kejing Ying, Yongchao Zhao, Yi Sun, Zhinong Jiang, Hongqiang Cheng, Xue Zhang, Yuehai Ke
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2023)

SIPRα on macrophages binds with CD47 to resist proengulfment signals, but how the downstream signal of SIPRα controls tumor-infiltrating macrophages (TIMs) is still poorly clarified. Here, we report that the CD47/signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα) axis requires the deneddylation of tyrosine phosphatase SHP2. Mechanistically, Src homology region 2–containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2 (SHP2) was constitutively neddylated on K358 and K364 sites; thus, its autoinhibited conformation was maintained. In response to CD47-liganded SIRPα, SHP2 was deneddylated by sentrin-specific protease 8 (SENP8), which led to the dephosphorylation of relevant substrates at the phagocytic cup and subsequent inhibition of macrophage phagocytosis. Furthermore, neddylation inactivated myeloid-SHP2 and greatly boosted the efficacy of colorectal cancer (CRC) immunotherapy. Importantly, we observed that supplementation with SHP2 allosteric inhibitors sensitized immune treatment–resistant CRC to immunotherapy. Our results emphasize that the CRC subtype that is unresponsive to immunotherapy relies on SIRPαhiSHP2hiNEDD8lo TIMs and highlight the need to further explore the strategy of SHP2 targeting in CRC therapy.
Effects of a School-Based Nutrition, Gardening, and Cooking Intervention on Metabolic Parameters in High-risk Youth
Authors: Jaimie N. Davis, Matthew J. Landry, Sarvenaz Vandyousefi, Matthew R. Jeans, Erin A. Hudson, Deanna M. Hoelscher, Alexandra E. van den Berg, Adriana Pérez
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Importance Although school-based gardening programs for children have consistently been shown to improve dietary behaviors, no cluster randomized clinical trial (RCT) has evaluated the effects of a school-based gardening intervention on metabolic outcomes. Objective To evaluate the effects of a school-based gardening, nutrition, and cooking intervention (Texas Sprouts) on changes in metabolic outcomes in elementary schoolchildren. Design, Setting, and Participants This study was a secondary analysis of a cluster RCT, conducted over 3 years from 2016 to 2019, at low-income elementary schools with majority Hispanic students in the greater Austin, Texas, area. Data were analyzed from January to August 2022. Interventions Texas Sprouts was 1 school year long (9 months) and consisted of (1) Garden Leadership Committee formation; (2) a 0.25-acre outdoor teaching garden; (3) 18 student gardening, nutrition, and cooking lessons taught by trained educators throughout the school year; and (4) 9 monthly parent lessons. The delayed intervention was implemented the following academic year and received an identical intervention. Main Outcomes and Measures The following measures were obtained at baseline and postintervention (9 months): demographics via survey; measured height, weight, and body mass index parameters; and glucose, insulin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, and a lipid panel via an optional fasting blood draw. Results Sixteen elementary schools were randomly assigned to either Texas Sprouts intervention (8 schools) or to delayed intervention (control, 8 schools). A total of 3302 children (aged 7-12 years) were enrolled in Texas Sprouts, and fasting blood samples were obtained from 1104 children (or 33% of those enrolled) at baseline. The final analytic sample included 695 children (307 boys [44.17%]; mean [SE] age, 9.28 [0.04] years; 480 Hispanic children [69.02%]; 452 [65.03%] eligible for free or reduced lunch) with complete demographic data and baseline and postintervention (9-month) fasting blood draws. Compared with control schools, children from Texas Sprouts schools had a 0.02% reduction in mean hemoglobin A 1c (95% CI, 0.03%-0.14%; P = .005) and a 6.40 mg/dL reduction in mean low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (95% CI, 3.82-8.97 mg/dL; P = .048). There were no intervention effects on glucose, insulin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, or other lipid parameters. Conclusions and Relevance In this cluster RCT, Texas Sprouts improved glucose control and reduced low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in high-risk youth. These findings suggest that elementary schools should incorporate garden-based interventions as a way to improve metabolic parameters in children. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02668744
The Quest of Potential Energy
Journal: JAMA (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Timeliness and Modality of Treatment for New Cancer Diagnoses During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Canada
Authors: Rui Fu, Rinku Sutradhar, Qing Li, Timothy P. Hanna, Kelvin K. W. Chan, Jonathan C. Irish, Natalie Coburn, Julie Hallet, Anna Dare, Simron Singh, Ambica Parmar, Craig C. Earle, Lauren Lapointe-Shaw, Monika K. Krzyzanowska, Antonio Finelli, Alexander V. Louie, Nicole J. Look Hong, Ian J. Witterick, Alyson Mahar, David R. Urbach, Daniel I. McIsaac, Danny Enepekides, Jill Tinmouth, Antoine Eskander
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Importance The impact of COVID-19 on the modality and timeliness of first-line cancer treatment is unclear yet critical to the planning of subsequent care. Objective To explore the association of the COVID-19 pandemic with modalities of and wait times for first cancer treatment. Design, Setting, and Participants This retrospective population-based cohort study using administrative data was conducted in Ontario, Canada, among adults newly diagnosed with cancer between January 3, 2016, and November 7, 2020. Participants were followed up from date of diagnosis for 1 year, until death, or until June 26, 2021, whichever occurred first, to ensure a minimum of 6-month follow-up time. Exposures Receiving a cancer diagnosis in the pandemic vs prepandemic period, using March 15, 2020, the date when elective hospital procedures were halted. Main Outcomes and Measures The main outcome was a time-to-event variable describing number of days from date of diagnosis to date of receiving first cancer treatment (surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation) or to being censored. For each treatment modality, a multivariable competing-risk regression model was used to assess the association between time to treatment and COVID-19 period. A secondary continuous outcome was defined for patients who were treated 6 months after diagnosis as the waiting time from date of diagnosis to date of treatment. Results Among 313 499 patients, the mean (SD) age was 66.4 (14.1) years and 153 679 (49.0%) were male patients. Those who were diagnosed during the pandemic were less likely to receive surgery first (subdistribution hazard ratio [sHR], 0.97; 95% CI, 0.95-0.99) but were more likely to receive chemotherapy (sHR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.23-1.30) or radiotherapy (sHR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.13-1.20) first. Among patients who received treatment within 6 months from diagnosis (228 755 [73.0%]), their mean (SD) waiting time decreased from 35.1 (37.2) days to 29.5 (33.6) days for surgery, from 43.7 (34.1) days to 38.4 (30.6) days for chemotherapy, and from 55.8 (41.8) days to 49.0 (40.1) days for radiotherapy. Conclusions and Relevance In this cohort study, the pandemic was significantly associated with greater use of nonsurgical therapy as initial cancer treatment. Wait times were shorter in the pandemic period for those treated within 6 months of diagnosis. Future work needs to examine how these changes may have affected patient outcomes to inform future pandemic guideline development.
Aspirin vs Enoxaparin and Symptomatic Venous Thromboembolism in Hip or Knee Arthroplasty—Reply
Authors: Verinder Singh Sidhu, Ian A. Harris
Journal: JAMA (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Tracking the Evolution of Therapy-Related Myeloid Neoplasms Using Chemotherapy Signatures
Authors: Benjamin T. Diamond, Bachisio Ziccheddu, Kylee H. Maclachlan, Justin Taylor, Eileen Mary Boyle, Juan Esteban Arango Ossa, Thomas Jacob Jahn, Maurizio Affer, Tulasigeri M. Totiger, David G Coffey, Namrata Chandhok, Justin M Watts, Luisa Cimmino, Sydney X Lu, Niccolo Bolli, Kelly L Bolton, Heather J. Landau, Jae H. Park, Karuna Ganesh, Andrew McPherson, Mikkael A. Sekeres, Alexander M Lesokhin, David J. Chung, Yanming Zhang, Caleb Ho, Mikhail Roshal, Jeffrey W Tyner, Stephen D Nimer, Elli Papaemmanuil, Saad Z. Usmani, Gareth J Morgan, Ola Landgren, Francesco Maura
Journal: Blood (2023)
CDC Invests $3 Billion in Rebuilding US Public Health
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Home Sleep Apnea Testing for the Diagnosis of Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Scott Hoff, Nancy Collop
Journal: JAMA (2023)

A 50-year-old patient with epilepsy, hypertension, loud snoring, recent 50-lb weight gain, and abrupt awakenings with a feeling of breathlessness but no headaches or excessive daytime sleepiness presented with concerns. What would you do next?
Incorrect Wording
Authors: Singh Verinder, Ian Sidhu, Verinder Singh Sidhu
Journal: JAMA (2023)

mentioned by Dr Chia-Chien Hsu and colleagues.Due to the randomized, crossover design of our study, 1 each participating cluster (hospital) served as its own control.This design provided balancing of baseline variables (Table 1 in the article) and likely also resulted in balancing of unmeasured covariates.Second, Dr Chia-Hao Hsu and colleagues correctly speculate that the differences between their calculations and those presented in Table 1 are due to missing data.There were 3830 of 4033 (95.0%) patients in the enoxaparin group and 5297 of 5667 (93.4%) who provided data on prior VTE, resulting in proportions at baseline of 6.3% and 5.2% in each group.The denominators were not included in Table 1 in the article.The data quoted by Dr DeMik and colleagues are incorrect.On subgroup analysis, the symptomatic 90-day VTE rates for patients with a prior VTE were 8.5% and 2.6% in the aspirin and enoxaparin groups, respectively.These are not the proportions of patients with history of a VTE at baseline, which were well balanced.Third, DeMik and colleagues state that some patients in the enoxaparin group were "doubly" treated with prophylaxis (received single antiplatelet therapy and enoxaparin).However, the subgroup analyses (Figure 2 in the article) demonstrated consistent results despite preoperative single antiplatelet use in some patients.Similar to the study published by Anderson et al, 2 the primary outcome of our study 1 was not affected by long-term preoperative single antiplatelet therapy.Fourth, DeMik and colleagues raise concerns about the dose of aspirin used.Aspirin doses of 30 mg/d to 100 mg/d are sufficient to inhibit platelet thromboxane A 2 , 3 and doses ranging from 81 mg to 162 mg are effective for thrombosis prevention. 2,4,5Aspirin is available at 100 mg or 300 mg in Australia (not 81 mg), and use of 100 mg/d was considered appropriate for this study.Fifth, DeMik and colleagues state that wound-related complications were not included and point to this as a study limitation.The secondary outcome of joint-related reoperation (at 90 days and 6 months) included reoperation for wound complications, such as dehiscence and hematoma.There was no difference in this outcome at either time point.A manuscript for a substudy comparing wound drainage rates between prophylaxis groups is currently being prepared.Sixth, both Chan and Bhandari 6 and DeMik and colleagues suggest that enoxaparin use may be associated with increased secondary complications (such as bleeding) and that selection of VTE prophylaxis requires assessment of benefits and risks.Statements such as these are misleading.There was no increased risk of secondary complications (death, reoperation, readmission, major bleeding)