tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Specific Chromosome Translocation in Pristane-Induced Plasmacytomas of NZB Mice&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Oikawa, Tsuneyuki, Kuzumaki, Noboru, Yamada, Toshiyuki
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1984)

Journal Article Specific Chromosome Translocation in Pristane-Induced Plasmacytomas of NZB Mice Get access Tsuneyuki Oikawa, Tsuneyuki Oikawa Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Noboru Kuzumaki, Noboru Kuzumaki Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Toshiyuki Yamada Toshiyuki Yamada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 72, Issue 2, February 1984, Pages 347–353, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/72.2.347 Published: 01 February 1984 Article history Received: 18 February 1983 Accepted: 29 July 1983 Published: 01 February 1984
Attributes of Lifelong Competence in Medical Practice
Authors: Osier L. Peterson
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Consideration of the characteristics associated with lifelong competence raises an ancient dispute about the relative influences of nature and nurture—of inheritance and environment. The process of selecting students for admission to medical school is concerned with nature. The medical curriculum and hospital training programs represent an extreme form of nurture or environment influence. What do we know about the relative contribution of these two factors to competence? Although the production of competent physicians is a major goal of the medical educational process, surprisingly few attempts have been made to determine how well this goal is achieved. The large volume of research on selection of medical students almost suggests that picking students who can complete the four-year curriculum is a goal in itself. The medical students are accessible and easily studied whereas the competence of the physicians —the medical-school output—is difficult or occasionally impossible to measure. We do, however, have a
The Importance of the WBC Count in Peritoneal Lavage
Authors: Deepak Vij
Journal: JAMA (1983)

A subset of ten consecutive patients who had sustained penetrating and blunt abdominal trauma came to the hospital with stable vital signs. None had any clinical evidence of intraperitoneal injury. All patients underwent peritoneal lavage, and surgical exploration was performed on the basis of a WBC count greater than 500/cu mm despite an RBC count of less than 100,000/cu mm in the effluent. Substantial intraperitoneal injury was found in nine of ten patients. We suggest that as a further refinement of peritoneal lavage, in addition to RBC count, the WBC count be measured in the effluent fluid and if it is found to be greater than 500/cu mm, surgical exploration be carried out. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;249:636-638)
Journal of Physiology, London
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Ultrastructural Evidence of Intrahepatic Cholestasis Before and After Chenodeoxycholic Acid Therapy in Patients with Cholelithiasis: The National Cooperative Gallstone Study
Authors: James M. Phillips, Rosemarie L. Fisher, Deborah W. Anderson, Shu-Ping Lan, John M. Lachin, James L. Boyer
Journal: Hepatology (1983)

Electron microscopy was performed to assess potential hepatotoxicity before and after 9 and 24 months of chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) therapy (375 or 750 mg, daily) in 103 patients with cholelithiasis. Prior to treatment, 64% of the biopsies demonstrated ultrastructural evidence of intrahepatic cholestasis, manifested by abnormal bile canaliculi, thickened pericanalicular ectoplasm, and retention of biliary material within liver cells or pericellular spaces. After 9 months of CDCA therapy, several changes (including increased free cytoplasmic “biliary pigment,” decreased canalicular microvilli, and increased pericanalicular ectoplasm) consistent with intrahepatic cholestasis became more prevalent (63% prior to therapy, 89% at 9 months, p &lt; 0.01) regardless of CDCA dose. After 24 months of therapy, canalicular microvilli and pericanalicular ectoplasm continued to be abnormal (p &lt; 0.01). This study indicates that ultrastructural evidence of intrahepatic cholestasis is a common subclinical abnormality in patients with cholelithiasis which increases during CDCA therapy, changes which could represent either the natural history of cholelithiasis or CDCA toxicity. A drug effect is suggested by the lack of correlation of these abnormalities with the duration of cholelithiasis prior to CDCA treatment and their “increasing” prevalence after only 9 months of therapy. In addition, canalicular membrane lesions developed in two patients which were similar to lithocholate toxicity in animals. It is not known whether these abnormalities would result in clinically significant hepatoxicity if therapy is continued for longer than 24 months.
The Lethal Botulinum Toxic Shot Syndrome
Authors: Francis O. Walker
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —We describe an unexpected fatality that was a secondary consequence from the administration of therapeutic botulinum toxin. <h3>Report of a Case.</h3> —A 55-year-old alcoholic man with severe, refractory retrocollis complained that he could not look straight ahead while walking or sitting. Physical examination revealed hypertrophy of cervical muscles and such severe involuntary neck extension that he indeed walked and sat looking up. At his return visit, the patient was intoxicated. Using electromyogram needle guidance to identify the responsible posterior cervical muscles,<sup>1</sup>we injected them with 200 U of botulinum toxin. Within 2 weeks, he improved markedly and could look straight ahead without assistance. He missed his return appointment. Treatment had enabled him to aim and use a gun. His wife told us that 10 weeks after the injections, while drinking, he argued with and then fatally shot his adult son. Six weeks later, escorted by prison
Multiple Cell Lines From Patients With Malignant Melanoma: Morphology, Karyology, and Biochemical Analysis&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1982)

Of 23 cell lines representing 8 patients with malignant melanoma, one cell line from each patient has been extensively characterized by means of phase morphology, ultrastructural morphology, biochemical markers, steroid receptor protein analysis, and steroid hormone production, Extensive cytogenetic characterization was compiled from seven of the eight cell lines, The melanocytic derivation of the tumor cell lines was supported by the detection of the catecholamines epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine, In addition, welldefined melanosomes were present in six of the seven lines whose ultrastructures were examined morphologically, None of the lines produced α-fetoprotein, β-human chorionic gonadotropin, or carcinoembryonic antigen in detectable amounts. The individuality of the cell lines was confirmed by phenotypic patterns of isozymes and by karyology.
Metastatic Pleural Cancer in Radionuclide Angiocardiography
Authors: JAETAE LEE, JONGMIN LEE, SHUNG C. CHAE, BYUNG C. CHUNG, IN K. LEE, DUKSIK KANG, KYUBO LEE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

A 55-year-old man, with a history of nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma, was evaluated using radionuclide angiocardiography to exclude cardiac shunts as the cause of vascular bruits heard at auscultation. A pulmonary time-activity curve derived from the right lung showed a pattern typical of a large left-to-right shunt, whereas that from the left lung was normal. Increased systemic arterial flow to the lateral right chest was noted in early dynamic images. Subsequent studies revealed that this flow and the abnormal time-activity curve of the right lung were due to systemic arterial supply to metastatic pleural cancer, originating from the kidney. The authors conclude that special caution should be undertaken in the interpretation of the radionuclide angiocardiography for determining left-to-right cardiac shunts, especially in those showing a asymmetric pulmonary time-activity curve.
Familial Chronic Biologic False-Positive Seroreactions for Syphilis
Authors: George H. Kostant
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Two families manifested hereditary chronic biologic false-positive (BFP) seroreactions for syphilis. In one family, this trait was demonstrated in four of seven members, affecting three generations, grandfather, son, daughter, and granddaughter. Grandfather and son manifested increasing reagin titers over a period of 11 to 17 years. Positive Coombs' tests indicating autoantibodies were demonstrated in two seroreactors. In the second family, three of five members were affected, father, son, and daughter. The chronic BFP reaction appears to be a genetically transmissible trait associated with humoral autoantibodies with the potential for autoimmune disease.
Access to Recombinant Erythropoietin by Medicare-Entitled Dialysis Patients in the First Year After FDA Approval
Authors: Neil R. Powe
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —Examine access to recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) by dialysis-dependent end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients during the first year after FDA approval for use in clinical practice and Medicare coverage. <h3>Design.</h3> —Longitudinal and cross-sectional claims data analyses. <h3>Setting.</h3> —All US providers of outpatient dialysis treatment. <h3>Patients.</h3> —126201 Medicare-entitled dialysis patients (≈93% of all US dialysis patients). <h3>Outcome Measures.</h3> —Percentage of patients who received rHuEPO, odds of receiving rHuEPO according to patient characteristics, and cost of rHuEPO to Medicare. <h3>Results.</h3> —One year after FDA approval, 52% of all dialysis and 60% of in-center hemodialysis patients who regularly had Medicare-paid dialysis services received rHuEPO at a monthly cost to Medicare of $19 million (18% of Medicare ESRD outpatient expenditures and 6% of all ESRD program expenditures). Blacks were less likely than whites to receive rHuEPO (odds ratio, 0.88; 95% confidence interval, 0.86 to 0.91). Home peritoneal and hemodialysis patients were less likely than in-center hemodialysis patients to receive rHuEPO (odds ratios, 0.17 and 0.22, respectively; 95% confidence intervals, 0.16 to 0.17 and 0.20 to 0.24, respectively). Use of rHuEPO varied across geographic regions. The odds of receiving rHuEPO were lower for patients of male vs female sex, of ages 35 through 64 years vs less than 35 years and greater than 65 years, with a longer history of ESRD, with polycystic kidney disease vs other causes of ESRD, and receiving care in nonprofit vs for-profit facilities. First-month hematocrits were slightly higher (1.2 percentage points) for patients starting rHuEPO in the 12th month than in the first month after FDA approval. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —With prompt insurance coverage, the majority of Medicare-entitled dialysis patients received rHuEPO following widespread availability. Factors that may not be related to clinical need (race, setting of care, and geography) possibly influenced early patient access. More attention should be paid to monitoring the appropriate use of high-cost biotechnologic therapy. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;268:1434-1440)
Steroid dependent asthma
Authors: J B Wilkinson
Journal: BMJ (1989)

initial removal has been incomplete.The half life of parathyroid hormone is three to four minutes,34 and so it disappears rapidly from serum after successful parathyroidectomy.Results can be available within one hour.Even in mild hyperparathyroidism there is considerable mortality and morbidity.'Surgical re-exploration of Dr Sultan and colleagues' second patient with serum parathyroid hormone measure- ments would be appropriate.
Hepatitis B Viral Markers in Patients With Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Taiwan&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1981)

The presence of hepatitis B viral markers in patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC) was studied retrospectively at the Taiwan Veterans General Hospital in Taipei, Taiwan. Serum samples from 102 PHC patients and from 100 control individuals were tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), antibody to HBsAg (anti-HBs), antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc), hepatitis Be antigen (HBeAg), and antibody to HBeAg (anti-HBe). Of the 102 PHC patients, 72 (71%) were positive for HBsAg. Nine (9%) additional patients were positive for anti-HBc alone in high titer, 19 (19%) had both anti-HBc and anti-HBs, and 9 (9%) had HBsAg, anti-HBc, and anti-HBs. In the 100 controls, 12 (12%) were HBsAg-positive, whereas 22 (22%) had anti-HBc alone and 50 (50%) had both anti-HBc and anti-HBs. Only 4 (4%) controls and no PHC patients had anti-HBs alone. Of the HBsAg-positive patients with PHC, 17 (29%) had HBeAg and 36 (61%) had anti-HBe. The α-fetoprotein (AFP) levels above 400 ng/ml were found in 44% of the PHC patients. Values of AFP above 1×105 ng/ml were more frequently detected in PHC patients who were HBsAg-positive. Categorization of the geographic origins of the families whose members had PHC revealed that most families had originated from southern China. This study confirms that hepatitis B viral markers are frequently present in Chinese patients with PHC.
Corticotropin in Generalized Myasthenia Gravis
Authors: David Grob
Journal: JAMA (1966)

The effect of short, intensive courses of corticotropin (100 units intravenously, daily for ten days) was studied in patients with generalized myasthenia gravis. A decrease in strength and response to anticholinesterase medication occurred during 21 of 22 courses in seven of eight patients. Following termination of corticotropin, moderate to marked improvement occurred after 13 of 21 courses in four of seven patients, and lasted an average of seven weeks. The exacerbation and improvement were more pronounced in patients with more severe myasthenia, and following repeated courses of corticotropin. The improvement was proportional to the severity of the exacerbation. The effects of corticotropin could be simulated by typhoid-paratyphoid vaccine. Despite exacerbation of the disease during hormone administration, repeated courses of corticotropin are useful in the management of most cases of severe myasthenia gravis.
Topical Agents in Postoperative Toxic Shock Syndrome
Authors: Michael C. Bach
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The recent report by Bartlett et al (1982;247:1448) of wound-associated toxic shock syndrome (TSS) highlights many interesting aspects to this serious condition. I was recently involved in the care of a young woman who had TSS develop one week after an elective inguinal herniorrhaphy. Despite intensive intravenous (IV) fluid therapy, parenteral antistaphylococcal antibiotics, and local wound drainage, she continued to demonstrate symptomatic evidence of continuing toxin production. Improvement occurred after institution of topical antibacterial agents to eradicate persistently positive wound cultures of<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 24-year-old woman underwent an elective right inguinal hernia repair and was discharged after three days of hospitalization. Two days later, shaking chills developed. The next morning she noted a rash that began on her trunk, spreading rapidly during 24 hours to involve her extremities and face. She complained of a sore throat, nausea, headache, myalgia, and redness of
The Pupillary Responses After Being Struck by Lightning
Authors: John L. Abt
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> This letter concerns the article by Amy and colleagues<sup>1</sup>that appeared in the Jan 11, 1985, issue ofThe Journalregarding lightning injuries. In the article, the reliability of a critical observation that would be made by any practitioner involved in the initial evaluation or resuscitation of the patient injured by lightning goes without mention. I am specifically referring to the reliability of pupillary responses used to evaluate the probable degree of brain-stem hypoxia. It has been well documented that transient or permanent autonomic disturbances involving ocular function may occur following a lightning injury. These disturbances include mydriasis, anisocoria, Horner's syndrome, failure of accommodation, and loss of the red reflex.<sup>2-4</sup> This phenomenon is well known to emergency physicians and others who are called on to evaluate the victim of lightning strikes. It therefore becomes important for all clinicians to know that dilated or nonreactive pupils are
Quantitative Studies of Microcirculatory Structure and Function
Authors: BENJAMIN W. ZWEIFACH
Journal: Circulation Research (1974)

A modified version of the Wiederhielm electronic servo system for micropressure recordings was used to establish the details of the pressure drop across successive segments of the microcirculation from arterioles (150µ) to venules (200µ) in the mesentery of the cat; most of the readings were made in vessels less than 25jz in diameter. Micropressures correlated with central pressure only in arterial vessels larger than 50µ. Frequencydistribution plots of micropressures showed a wider spread in the vessels that were 50-1Oµ in diameter than they did in capillary vessels that were less than 20µ in diameter.Therefore, it appears that classification of vessels on the basis of diameter, which is at present the only practical way of comparing pressure measurements in presumably identical segments of a continuously branching system, is not adequate and makes statistical analysis difficult. In the present study, micropressures remained pulsatile throughout the bed, although the pulse pressure could be narrowed to 2-4 mm Hg in the capillaries. Simultaneous measurement of pressure in two vessels showed that the greatest pressure drop occurred in the region where arterioles (40-50)u) distributed numerous precapillary branches (10-15/x); in this region arteriolar pressures were reduced from a level of 45-65 mm Hg to about 30-35 mm Hg. These data suggest that application of the resistance term for Poiseuille flow in the microcirculation should take into account the relative sizes of the parent vessel and the branch, the entry dimensions into the branch and the length of the neck or junctional segment. Evidence found in this investigation indicated that precapillary branching configurations were self-regulatory. A small number of low-resistance, shunt pathways between arterioles and venules were regularly present, as shown by the extremely small pressure drop in 15-18% of the vessels. The data indicate that much more caution is needed in interpretation of pressure-related phenomena in the microcirculation because of their strong dependence on the anatomical and physical features characteristic of individual tissues.
Inequivalency of Nitrofurantoin Products
Authors: Marvin C. Meyer
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The equivalence of drug products containing the same active ingredient is being actively debated in connection with topics such as brand name vs generic products, repeal of antisubstitution laws, and national health insurance programs with maximum allowable drug product cost (MAC) provisions. The argument most often advanced to support the equivalence of the vast majority of the drug products available in the United States is that relatively few recent studies have actually demonstrated significant differences between competing products. Digoxin tablets are frequently cited as an example of a drug product that is prone to bioavailability problems.<sup>1,2</sup>We wish to call attention to our recently completed evaluation of 14 nitrofurantoin products.<sup>3</sup> These studies were conducted under the sponsorship of the Tennessee Department of Public Health as part of an ongoing effort to develop a drug formulary system that will provide an assurance of drug product quality
Flora Bridge Barrie Alfred Ernest Chapman Amiya Kumar Chatterjee Hugh Wordsworth Cornford Cecil Francis Cunniffe Edward Casburn Davies John Harvey Green Joseph Donovan Hamlett Robert ("Bob") High Raymond Lowe King Frederick Lanceley Edmond Rene Lecutier Alastair William Maxwell Matthew Robert ("Matt") Neely
Authors: D F Reynolds, L A Lees, R. Bessant, M. Hartog, J. G Cunniffe, T J Jones, P L Frank, R. Vlies, A. High, S. Ford, P. Booth, M J Garrett, A. Lecutier, P. Edington, A McCalister
Journal: BMJ (1998)
Potentiation of Human Interferon Production by Superinduction
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1971)

In a human diploid cell line (RSTC-2) actinomycin D treatment (0.03-0.30 µg/ml) before stimulation of interferon by polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid caused up to a 7-Fold rise in titer over controls not treated with actinomycin D. In cultures induced and incubated in the continuous presence of cycloheximide, there was a 9-fold enhancement in titer, but there was inhibition of interferon production in the presence of puromycin or fluorophenylalanine. In cells treated for 4 hours with puromycin and then washed, there was a 130-fold rise in interferon titers. Both actinomycin treatment and a 4-hour exposure to puromycin gave rise to higher titers than either drug alone. In this system, interferon treatment inhibited interferon production. These results indicate that superinduction of interferon apparently takes place in human cells. A postulated model For interferon induction in human cells involves a repressor protein that binds interferon messenger RNA (mRNA). Superinduction of interferon occurs after addition of inducer when interferon mRNA accumulates without adequate repressor due to treatment with antimetabolites. This superinduction phenomenon may be used to produce high titers of human interferon from diploid cell cultures.