tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Social media use and experiences among transgender and gender diverse adolescents
Authors: Lena Herrmann, Carola Bindt, Sarah Hohmann, Inga Becker-Hebly
Journal: International Journal of Transgender Health (2023)

AbstractObjectives: For transgender and gender diverse (TGD) adolescents, the internet and social media have several risks and benefits. The present study aims at assessing how and for which purposes TGD adolescents use the internet and social media and how often they experience support compared to cyberbullying online.Methods: The sample comprised 114 TGD adolescents diagnosed with gender dysphoria who attended a Gender Identity Service for children and adolescents (Hamburg GIS). Internet and social media use and experiences were assessed using modified items from a German representative study and self-constructed items relating to TGD-specific online experiences. Frequencies of internet/social media use and various online experiences were analyzed and compared to data from the German general population.Results: Compared to peers from the general population, TGD adolescents reported similar offline and online activities and spent similarly long time online (internet: M = 4.16 h, social media: M = 2.84 h). All TGD adolescents sought TGD-specific information online. TGD adolescents used the internet to experiment with their gender identity (60%), and for the purpose of their coming out (31%) and their social transition (88%). About half of the sample each reported either online support (45%) and/or cyberbullying (48%).Conclusions: While TGD adolescents used the internet and social media for similar purposes as peers from the general population, they also used the internet and social media to gain TGD-specific information and for gender identity expression and exploration. They reported both positive and negative experiences online, calling for future studies investigating how online experiences affect TGD adolescents' mental health and gender identity development.Keywords: Cyberbullyinggender diverseinternetonline experiencessocial mediasupporttransgender AcknowledgmentsWe would like to thank the young people and parents for participating in and contributing to this study.Disclosure statementThe authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.Ethical approvalAll procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.Additional informationFundingThe first author received a scholarship for her PhD from a nonprofit foundation (FAZIT-Stiftung), of which the present study was part.
Predicting residual neoplasia after a non-curative gastric ESD: validation and modification of the eCura system in the Western setting: the W-eCura score
Authors: Rui Morais, Diogo Libanio, Mario Dinis Ribeiro, Aníbal Ferreira, Pedro Barreiro, Michael J Bourke, Sunil Gupta, Pedro Amaro, Ricardo Küttner Magalhães, Paolo Cecinato, Pedro Boal Carvalho, Rolando Pinho, Enrique Rodríguez de Santiago, Sandro Sferrazza, Arnaud Lemmers, Mariana Figueiredo, Marhieu Pioche, Francisco Gallego, Eduardo Albéniz, Felipe Ramos Zabala, Hugo Uchima, Frieder Berr, Andrej Wagner, Margarida Marques, Pedro Pimentel-Nunes, Margarida Gonçalves, André Mascarenhas, Elisa Gravito Soares, Sofia Xavier, Isabel Faria-Ramos, Bernardo Sousa-Pinto, Irene Gullo, Fatima Carneiro, Guilherme Macedo, João Santos-Antunes
Journal: Gut (2023)

Objective To evaluate the risk factors for lymph node metastasis (LNM) after a non-curative (NC) gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) and to validate and eventually refine the eCura scoring system in the Western setting. Also, to assess the rate and risk factors for parietal residual disease. Design Retrospective multicentre multinational study of prospectively collected registries from 19 Western centres. Patients who had been submitted to surgery or had at least one follow-up endoscopy were included. The eCura system was applied to assess its accuracy in the Western setting, and a modified version was created according to the results (W-eCura score). The discriminative capacities of the eCura and W-eCura scores to predict LNM were assessed and compared. Results A total of 314 NC gastric ESDs were analysed (72% high-risk resection (HRR); 28% local-risk resection). Among HRR patients submitted to surgery, 25% had parietal disease and 15% had LNM in the surgical specimen. The risk of LNM was significantly different across the eCura groups (areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) of 0.900 (95% CI 0.852 to 0.949)). The AUC-ROC of the W-eCura for LNM (0.916, 95% CI 0.870 to 0.961; p=0.012) was significantly higher compared with the original eCura. Positive vertical margin, lymphatic invasion and younger age were associated with a higher risk of parietal residual lesion in the surgical specimen. Conclusion The eCura scoring system may be applied in Western countries to stratify the risk of LNM after a gastric HRR. A new score is proposed that may further decrease the number of unnecessary surgeries.
Surgical management and outcome of newly diagnosed glioblastoma without contrast enhancement (<i>low-grade appearance</i>): a report of the RANO <i>resect</i> group
Authors: Philipp Karschnia, Jorg Dietrich, Francesco Bruno, Antonio Dono, Stephanie T Juenger, Nico Teske, Jacob S Young, Tommaso Sciortino, Levin Häni, Martin van den Bent, Michael Weller, Michael A Vogelbaum, Ramin A Morshed, Alexander F Haddad, Annette M Molinaro, Nitin Tandon, Juergen Beck, Oliver Schnell, Lorenzo Bello, Shawn Hervey-Jumper, Niklas Thon, Stefan J Grau, Yoshua Esquenazi, Roberta Rudà, Susan M Chang, Mitchel S Berger, Daniel P Cahill, Joerg-Christian Tonn
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2023)

Abstract Background Resection of the contrast-enhancing (CE) tumor represents the standard of care in newly diagnosed glioblastoma. However, some tumors ultimately diagnosed as glioblastoma lack contrast enhancement and have a ‘low-grade appearance’ on imaging (non-CE glioblastoma). We aimed to (a) volumetrically define the value of non-CE tumor resection in the absence of contrast enhancement, and to (b) delineate outcome differences between glioblastoma patients with and without contrast enhancement. Methods The RANO resect group retrospectively compiled a global, eight-center cohort of patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma per WHO 2021 classification. The associations between postoperative tumor volumes and outcome were analyzed. Propensity score-matched analyses were constructed to compare glioblastomas with and without contrast enhancement. Results Among 1323 newly diagnosed IDH-wildtype glioblastomas, we identified 98 patients (7.4%) without contrast enhancement. In such patients, smaller postoperative tumor volumes were associated with more favorable outcome. There was an exponential increase in risk for death with larger residual non-CE tumor. Accordingly, extensive resection was associated with improved survival compared to lesion biopsy. These findings were retained on a multivariable analysis adjusting for demographic and clinical markers. Compared to CE glioblastoma, patients with non-CE glioblastoma had a more favorable clinical profile and superior outcome as confirmed in propensity score analyses by matching the patients with non-CE glioblastoma to patients with CE glioblastoma using a large set of clinical variables. Conclusions The absence of contrast enhancement characterizes a less aggressive clinical phenotype of IDH-wildtype glioblastomas. Maximal resection of non-CE tumors has prognostic implications and translates into favorable outcome.
Characteristics and clinical outcomes of patients with myeloid malignancies and <scp><i>DDX41</i></scp> variants
Authors: Alex Bataller, Sanam Loghavi, Yoheved Gerstein, Alexandre Bazinet, Koji Sasaki, Kelly S. Chien, Danielle Hammond, Guillermo Montalban‐Bravo, Gautam Borthakur, Nicholas Short, Ghayas C. Issa, Tapan M. Kadia, Naval Daver, Guilin Tang, Andres Quesada, Keyur P. Patel, Farhad Ravandi, Warren Fiskus, Cristopher P. Mill, Hagop M. Kantarjian, Kapil Bhalla, Guillermo Garcia‐Manero, Betul Oran, Courtney D. DiNardo
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2023)

DDX41 is the most frequently mutated gene in myeloid neoplasms associated with germline predisposition including myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We analyzed 3795 patients with myeloid neoplasms and identified 151 (4%) with DDX41 variants and a diagnosis of AML (n = 96), MDS (n = 52), and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (n = 3). The most frequent DDX41 variants were the somatic variant p.R525H, followed by the germline variants p.M1I and p.D140fs. Most neoplasms had a normal karyotype (59%) and the most frequent co-mutations were TP53 (16%) and ASXL1 (15%). 30% of patients had no concomitant mutations besides DDX41 mutation. Patients with myeloid malignancies and DDX41 variants responded well to therapy, with an overall response rate for patients with treatment naïve AML and MDS of 87% and 84%, respectively. The median overall survival (mOS) of patients with treatment-naïve AML or MDS was 49 and 71 months, respectively. Patients with AML treated with low-intensity regimens including venetoclax had an improved survival (2-year OS 91% vs. 60%, p = .02) and lower cumulative incidence of relapse compared to those treated without venetoclax (10% vs. 56%, p = .03). In the 33% of patients receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, the 2-year OS was 80% and 85% for AML and MDS, respectively.
SGLT2 inhibitors improved health status in Black and White patients with HF regardless of race
Authors: Ambarish Pandey, Harriette G.C. Van Spall
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2023)

Source Citation Gupta K, Spertus JA, Birmingham M, et al. Racial differences in quality of life in patients with heart failure treated with sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors: a patient-level meta-analysis of the CHIEF-HF, DEFINE-HF, and PRESERVED-HF trials. Circulation. 2023;148:220-228. 37191040
The 3D-CAM 3-minute interview has 92% sensitivity and 95% specificity for detecting delirium in various care settings
Authors: Ravishankar Ramaswamy
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2023)

Ma R, Zhao J, Li C, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of the 3-minute diagnostic interview for confusion assessment method-defined delirium in delirium detection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Age Ageing. 2023;52:afad074. 37211364.
Annals On Call - Keeping Physicians in the Workforce
Authors: Robert M. Centor, Eileen Barrett
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2023)

Web ExclusivesSeptember 2023Annals On Call - Keeping Physicians in the WorkforceFREERobert M. Centor, MD, and Eileen Barrett, MD, MPHRobert M. Centor, MDHuntsville Regional Medical Campus, University of Alabama Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama (R.M.C.)Search for more papers by this author, and Eileen Barrett, MD, MPHEileen Barrett Physician Services, Albuquerque, New Mexico (E.B.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/A22-0017 CME/MOC SectionsAboutVisual Abstract ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail In this episode of Annals On Call, Dr. Centor discusses issues of physician turnover and the need to keep physicians in the workforce with Dr. Eileen Barrett.Annals articles discussed include...Getting Through COVID-19: Keeping Clinicians in the Workforce: https://www.acpjournals.org/doi/10.7326/M21-3381Physician Turnover in the United States: https://www.acpjournals.org/doi/10.7326/M22-2504About Annals On CallAnnals On Call focuses on a clinically influential article published in Annals of Internal Medicine. Dr. Robert Centor shares his own perspective on the material and interviews topic area experts to discuss, debate, and share diverse insights about patient care and health care delivery.For more information on Annals On Call and for more episodes, visit go.annals.org/OnCall. Comments0 CommentsSign In to Submit A Comment Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Robert M. Centor, MD; Eileen Barrett, MD, MPHAffiliations: Huntsville Regional Medical Campus, University of Alabama Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama (R.M.C.)Eileen Barrett Physician Services, Albuquerque, New Mexico (E.B.)Disclosures: All relevant financial relationships have been mitigated. Disclosures can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=A22-0017.Editors' Disclosures: The editors have no relevant financial relationships to disclose. Individual forms may be viewed at www.annals.org/editorsdisclosures.This article was published at Annals.org on 5 September 2023. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoGetting Through COVID-19: Keeping Clinicians in the Workforce Eileen Barrett , Susan Thompson Hingle , Cynthia D. Smith , and Darilyn V. Moyer Physician Turnover in the United States Amelia M. Bond , Lawrence P. Casalino , Ming Tai-Seale , Mark Aaron Unruh , Manyao Zhang , Yuting Qian , and Richard Kronick Metrics September 2023Volume 176, Issue 9 ePublished: 5 September 2023 Issue Published: September 2023 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2023 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.Loading ...
In older adults with frailty, virtual reality exercise training improves walking speed and balance
Authors: James B. Lewis
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2023)

Source Citation Lee YH, Lin CH, Wu WR, et al. Virtual reality exercise programs ameliorate frailty and fall risks in older adults: a meta-analysis. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2023 May 10. [Epub ahead of print.] 37165743
Evidence-Based Cardiovascular Disease Medicines' Availability in Low-Cost Generic Drug Programs in the United States
Authors: Ivy T. Ton, Jungyeon Moon, Anthony Sengul, Freny Vaghaiwalla Mody, Towhid Rahman, Janet K. Han, Cynthia A. Jackevicius
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2023)

Low-cost generic programs (LCGPs) that expand access to affordable cardiovascular disease (CVD) medicines can assist patients in achieving desired cardiovascular outcomes. It is important that LCGPs offer CVD medicines that promote evidence-based prescribing. To evaluate LCGPs' coverage of evidence-based CVD medications using a clinical framework that examines coverage of core treatments, coverage of options with the highest-quality evidence, and the variety of medication options and strengths that create choices and allow dosing titration. Cross-sectional study. Publicly available LCGPs in March and April 2023 in the United States. 19 LCGPs. Proportion of LCGPs that offered evidence-based CVD medicines within a clinical framework for 6 CVDs (atrial fibrillation, heart failure, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, post-acute coronary syndrome secondary prevention, and stable angina) according to 4 availability metrics (breadth, choice, high-quality evidence, and titratability). The availability of CVD medication varied by program, drug, and CVD condition. Some programs had more breadth and choice of coverage for most CVDs (H-E-B, Kroger, Mark Cuban Cost Plus Drug Company, and Walmart), whereas many had more focused coverage and others markedly limited offerings. Nearly all LCGPs offered angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, β-blockers, thiazides, and moderate-intensity statins, but availability was low for higher-cost or lower-use generics (antiplatelets and antiarrhythmics). Core pharmacotherapy coverage and choices were limited for atrial fibrillation and heart failure but widely available for hypertension and hyperlipidemia. In-depth cost analysis was not investigated. Coverage of evidence-based medications for the 6 CVDs investigated varied by LCGP and condition. Because high availability of core CVD pharmacotherapy can enhance optimal disease state management, LCGPs should identify existing limitations in their coverage and continuously revise their formularies to improve the comprehensiveness of CVD medication coverage. None.
Adult Aedes albopictus in winter: implications for mosquito surveillance in southern Europe
Authors: Daniela Sofie Lührsen, Evangelia Zavitsanou, Catuxa Cerecedo-Iglesias, Marta Pardo-Araujo, John R B Palmer, Frederic Bartumeus, Tomás Montalvo, Antonios Michaelakis, Rachel Lowe
Journal: The Lancet Planetary Health (2023)
Africa's post-pandemic vaccination landscape
Authors: Paul Adepoju
Journal: The Lancet Microbe (2023)

While announcing that COVID-19 was no longer a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC), WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said the virus is "still killing, and it's still changing". He urged countries to transition from emergency mode to managing COVID-19 alongside other infectious diseases. But at the frontline and in global health boardrooms, there are concerns that the end of the PHEIC could negatively affect COVID-19 vaccination efforts in Africa.
Metabolic control by AMPK in white adipose tissue
Authors: Olga Göransson, Franziska Kopietz, Mark H. Rider
Journal: Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism (2023)

White adipose tissue (WAT) plays an important role in the integration of whole-body metabolism by storing fat and mobilizing triacylglycerol when needed. The released free fatty acids can then be oxidized by other tissues to provide ATP. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a key regulator of metabolic pathways, and can be targeted by a new generation of direct, small-molecule activators. AMPK activation in WAT inhibits insulin-stimulated lipogenesis and in some situations also inhibits insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, but AMPK-induced inhibition of β-adrenergic agonist-stimulated lipolysis might need to be re-evaluated in vivo. The lack of dramatic effects of AMPK activation on basal metabolism in WAT could be advantageous when treating type 2 diabetes with pharmacological pan-AMPK activators.
Mpox in people with past infection or a complete vaccination course: a global case series
Authors: Aniruddha Hazra, Jason Zucker, Elizabeth Bell, John Flores, Leanna Gordon, Oriol Mitjà, Clara Suñer, Adrien Lemaignen, Simon Jamard, Silvia Nozza, Achyuta V Nori, Edgar Pérez-Barragán, Juan Carlos Rodríguez-Aldama, Jose Louis Blanco, Constance Delaugerre, Dan Turner, Irene Fuertes, Viviana Leiro, Sharon L Walmsley, Chloe M Orkin, Catherine Creticos, Patrick Gibbons, Zoha Maakaroun-Vermesse, Cathie Faussat, Lynda Handala, Jeremy Zeggagh, Andrea Alemany, Cristina Galvan, Antonella Castagna, Angelo Roberto Raccagni, Raul Adrián Cruz-Flores, Patricia Fernandez Pardal, Lucila Marchetta
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2023)
Pre-RNA splicing in metabolic homeostasis and liver disease
Authors: Andrew M. Jobbins, Sijia Yu, Helen A.B. Paterson, Hannah Maude, Antonia Kefala-Stavridi, Christian Speck, Inês Cebola, Santiago Vernia
Journal: Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism (2023)

The liver plays a key role in sensing nutritional and hormonal inputs to maintain metabolic homeostasis. Recent studies into pre-mRNA splicing and alternative splicing (AS) and their effects on gene expression have revealed considerable transcriptional complexity in the liver, both in health and disease. While the contribution of these mechanisms to cell and tissue identity is widely accepted, their role in physiological and pathological contexts within tissues is just beginning to be appreciated. In this review, we showcase recent studies on the splicing and AS of key genes in metabolic pathways in the liver, the effect of metabolic signals on the spliceosome, and therapeutic intervention points based on RNA splicing.
Boosting synergism of chemo- and immuno-therapies via switching paclitaxel-induced apoptosis to mevalonate metabolism-triggered ferroptosis by bisphosphonate coordination lipid nanogranules
Authors: Ge Song, Minghui Li, Shumin Fan, Mengmeng Qin, Bin Shao, Wenbing Dai, Hua Zhang, Xueqing Wang, Bing He, Qiang Zhang
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2023)

Conventional chemotherapy based on cytotoxic drugs is facing tough challenges recently following the advances of monoclonal antibodies and molecularly targeted drugs. It is critical to inspire new potential to remodel the value of this classical therapeutic strategy. Here, we fabricate bisphosphonate coordination lipid nanogranules (BC-LNPs) and load paclitaxel (PTX) to boost the chemo- and immuno-therapeutic synergism of cytotoxic drugs. Alendronate in BC-LNPs@PTX, a bisphosphonate to block mevalonate metabolism, works as both the structure and drug constituent in nanogranules, where alendronate coordinated with calcium ions to form the particle core. The synergy of alendronate enhances the efficacy of paclitaxel, suppresses tumor metastasis, and alters the cytotoxic mechanism. Differing from the paclitaxel-induced apoptosis, the involvement of alendronate inhibits the mevalonate metabolism, changes the mitochondrial morphology, disturbs the redox homeostasis, and causes the accumulation of mitochondrial ROS and lethal lipid peroxides (LPO). These factors finally trigger the ferroptosis of tumor cells, an immunogenic cell death mode, which remodels the suppressive tumor immune microenvironment and synergizes with immunotherapy. Therefore, by switching paclitaxel-induced apoptosis to mevalonate metabolism-triggered ferroptosis, BC-LNPs@PTX provides new insight into the development of cytotoxic drugs and highlights the potential of metabolism regulation in cancer therapy.
Ventricular Arrhythmias in Adults With Congenital Heart Disease, Part II
Authors: Francis Bessière, Victor Waldmann, Nicolas Combes, Olivier Metton, Nabil Dib, Blandine Mondésert, Edward O’Leary, Elizabeth De Witt, Chrystalle Katte Carreon, Stephen P. Sanders, Jeremy P. Moore, John Triedman, Paul Khairy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2023)
How to tailor recommendations on the treatment of multi-drug resistant Gram-negative infections at country level integrating antibiotic stewardship principles within the GRADE-ADOLOPMENT framework
Authors: Elena Carrara, Paolo Antonio Grossi, Andrea Gori, Lorenza Lambertenghi, Massimo Antonelli, Andrea Lombardi, Filippo Bongiovanni, Nicola Magrini, Carlo Manfredi, Stefania Stefani, Mario Tumbarello, Evelina Tacconelli, Nina Auerbach, Chiara Cassol, laria Rancan, Davide Mangioni, Riccardo Ungaro, Stefania Postorino, Joel Vargas
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2023)