tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Initial Antidepressant Choice in Primary Care
Authors: Gregory E. Simon
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To compare the clinical, functional, and economic outcomes of initially prescribing fluoxetine with outcomes of initially selecting imipramine or desipramine. <h3>Design.</h3> —Randomized controlled trial. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Primary care clinics of a Seattle, Wash, area staff-model health maintenance organization from 1992 through 1994. <h3>Patients.</h3> —A total of 536 adults beginning antidepressant treatment for depression. <h3>Intervention.</h3> —Random assignment of initial antidepressant prescription (desipramine, fluoxetine, or imipramine). Subsequent antidepressant treatment (doses, medication changes or discontinuation, specialty referral) was managed by the primary care physician. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Assessments after 1, 3, and 6 months examined clinical outcomes (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and the depression subscale of the Hopkins Symptom Checklist) and quality-of-life outcomes (Medical Outcomes Study SF-36). Medication use and health care costs were assessed using the health maintenance organization's computerized data. <h3>Results.</h3> —Patients assigned to receive fluoxetine reported fewer adverse effects, were more likely to continue the original medication, and were more likely to reach adequate doses than patients beginning treatment with either tricyclic drug. The fluoxetine group reported marginally better clinical outcomes after 1 month, but these differences were not statistically significant and disappeared by the 3-month assessment. Quality-of-life outcomes in the 3 groups did not differ. Total health care costs over 6 months were approximately equal for the 3 groups, with higher antidepressant costs in the fluoxetine group balanced by lower outpatient visit and inpatient costs. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Clinical outcomes, quality-of-life outcomes, and overall treatment costs provide no clear guidance on initial selection of fluoxetine or tricyclic drugs. Thus, patients' and physicians' preferences are an appropriate basis for treatment selection. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1996;275:1897-1902)
Cyclin D1 Is a Valuable Prognostic Marker in Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Ziwei Yu, Paul M. Weinberger, Bruce G. Haffty, Clarence Sasaki, Cynthia Zerillo, John Joe, Diane Kowalski, James Dziura, Robert L. Camp, David L. Rimm, Amanda Psyrri
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Background: The current tumor-node-metastasis system is inadequate to accurately classify patients in terms of prognosis. Thus, with the availability of recently developed molecular tools, considerable interest lies in discovering prognostic markers in order to guide treatment decisions. In this study, we sought to determine the prognostic significance of the cell cycle regulator cyclin D1 in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Experimental Design: We studied the protein expression levels of cyclin D1 on a tissue microarray composed of 63 OSCCs with long-term follow-up data available. Protein expression was analyzed with an automated in situ quantitative (AQUA) method which allows preservation of tissue morphology while quantifying protein expression in paraffin-embedded tissue. Results: The mean follow-up time was 35 months. High cyclin D1 nuclear expression was associated with increased 5-year local recurrence rate (48% versus 15%), inferior 5-year disease-free survival (16% versus 58%), and inferior 5-year overall survival (17% versus 53%). In multivariate Cox regression, high nuclear cyclin D1 expression was an independent predictor for local recurrence, disease-free survival, and overall survival at 5 years. Conclusions: Our results indicate that quantitative assessment of nuclear cyclin D1 expression level by automated in situ quantitative analysis is a strong predictor for outcome in OSCC. Thus, cyclin D1 may be a potential target for molecular intervention in patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell cancer.
Electron Microscope Study of Fetal Development of Human Lung
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Highlights of This Issue
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2011)

The unique antigenic nature of chemically induced tumors is well established. In murine models, vaccination with 1 tumor provides protection from challenge with the same, but not other histologically identical tumors. Twitty and colleagues report that tumor-derived autophagosome vaccines, in contrast with whole-tumor vaccines, prime T cells with broader tumor-specific reactivity and provide significant cross-protection to challenge with similar tumors. Further, they show that ubiquitinated short-lived proteins, sequestered in autophagosomes in a p62-dependent fashion, contain the key antigenic components required for cross-protection. This strategy to broaden anticancer immunity is being explored in a clinical trial.Several recent clinical trials have shown successful results in the treatment of advanced thyroid cancer. All of the agents being evaluated in these trials are multikinase inhibitors targeting VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) plus other receptor tyrosine kinases. Jin and colleagues report here on a preclinical study of a RAF inhibitor and a dual phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3) kinase/mTOR inhibitor that successfully inhibits 2 of the major downstream pathways of ras. Addition of the PI3 kinase inhibitor was effective even in BRAF mutant settings. This strategy may be a viable alternative to multikinase inhibitors in thyroid cancer.X-ray repair complementing defective repair in Chinese hamster cell 1 (XRCC1) protein is involved in DNA base excision and single strand break repair and may modulate chemoradiation outcomes by affecting efficient DNA damage repair. Ang and colleagues explored the relationship of XRCC1 protein expression with clinical outcomes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by immunohistochemistry. High XRCC1 expression was associated with poorer survival, particularly in patients undergoing chemoradiation. Furthermore, this association was independent of human papilloma virus status, clinical stage, and tumor primary site. Thus, patients with high XRCC1 expression before treatment may have poor outcomes from chemoradiation and may benefit from alternative management strategies.In vivo imaging of cellular proliferation with the biomarker [18F]fluorothymidine (FLT) and positron emission tomography has tremendous potential for monitoring treatment response in oncology. Wardak and colleagues investigated whether changes in tumor FLT kinetic parameters, assessed early after the start of therapy, could predict overall survival and progression-free survival in patients with recurrent high-grade glioma undergoing treatment with bevacizumab and irinotecan. They found that discriminant analysis of kinetic parameter changes could accurately classify patients into their known survival groups. This method could help physicians provide a personalized treatment regimen and thus improve patient outcomes.
Ventricular Fibrillation Associated With Use of Electrocautery
Authors: Robert F. Hungerbuhler
Journal: JAMA (1974)

WITH the introduction of many electrical instruments into the operating room, there are increased hazards.<sup>1</sup>The electrocautery has decreased operating time and blood loss, but in conjunction with monitoring equipment has caused burns. The purpose of this report is to describe a case of ventricular fibrillation that occurred during use of the electrosurgical unit in a patient being monitored by many instruments. We are unaware of a previous report of ventricular fibrillation associated with use of the electrosurgical unit. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 24-year-old woman was scheduled for elective surgical correction of an asymptomatic secundum-type atrial septal defect. Cardiac catheterization three days before operation was uneventful and demonstrated a calculated 4.2:1 left to right shunt with right ventricular enlargement and no evidence of pulmonary hypertension. On the morning of surgery, premedication was given intramuscularly: atropine sulfate, 0.6 mg; morphine sulfate, 10 mg; and diazepam, 10 mg, two hours
Acute Injuries of the Head: Their Diagnosis, Treatment, Complications and Sequels
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Plasma Renin Activity and Levodopa in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Andrew M. Michelakis
Journal: JAMA (1970)

The effect of posture and levodopa therapy on plasma renin activity (PRA) was studied in patients with Parkinson's disease. The PRA was measured with the patient supine and upright before and during levodopa administration. Prior to therapy the mean values with the patients supine and upright were significantly lower than those of normal subjects. While they were receiving levodopa, the mean PRA when the patients were supine remained low while the mean value when the patients were upright became normal. There was an exaggerated response of PRA to upright posture with levodopa therapy. Possible relationship of these findings to the underlying mechanisms of Parkinson's disease and its treatment are discussed.
The prevalence of dermatophyte infection in well-controlled diabetics and the response to<i>Trichophyton</i>antigen
Authors: P.K. BUXTON, L.J.R. MILNE, R.J. PRESCOTT, M.C. PROUDFOOT, F.M. STUART
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

Summary The prevalence of dermatophyte infection was assessed in 100 patients with well-controlled insulin-dependent diabetes, and in a control group of 100 non-diabetics matched for age, sex, occupation and sporting activity. Immediate and delayed responses to intradermal testing with Trichophyton antigen were recorded in both groups. The overall infection rate (skin and nails) was 19% in diabetics and 17% in controls. There was a higher infection rate in the skin of diabetics (17%) than in controls (8%), but this was not significant. Nail infection was seen in 12% of diabetics and in 11% of controls. Intradermal testing with Trichophyton antigen gave a higher proportion of both immediate and delayed positive results in diabetics. However, more control patients showed only an immediate positive response or only a delayed one. There was no evidence of an increased infection rate in those with immediate positive responses or of diminished infection rates in those with delayed positive responses, and no correlation with oral Candida infection. These findings applied equally to diabetics and controls.
An appraisal of acitretin therapy in children with inherited disorders of keratinization
Authors: M. LACOUR, B. MEHTA-NIKHAR, D. J. ATHERTON, J. I. HARPER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

Journal Article An appraisal of acitretin therapy in children with inherited disorders of keratinization Get access M. LACOUR, M. LACOUR Department of Dermatology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Great Ormond Street, London WCIN 3JH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B. MEHTA‐NIKHAR, B. MEHTA‐NIKHAR Department of Dermatology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Great Ormond Street, London WCIN 3JH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. J. ATHERTON, D. J. ATHERTON Department of Dermatology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Great Ormond Street, London WCIN 3JH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. I. HARPER J. I. HARPER Department of Dermatology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Great Ormond Street, London WCIN 3JH, U.K. Dr J.I. Harper. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 134, Issue 6, 1 June 1996, Pages 1023–1029, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1996.d01-895.x Published: 01 June 1996 Article history Accepted: 27 September 1995 Published: 01 June 1996
A Text-Book of Physiology for Medical Students and Physicians.
Journal: JAMA (1925)

The introduction of historical summaries and the presentation of findings as provisional and not final are devices of the author to foster an appreciation that physiology is a growing subject. The expansion of chemical findings in digestion and nutrition admits of a study of the tendencies of the newer work, rather than its trend. Elimination rather than condensation maintains the proper compass of the text, but elimination is not used to avoid the discussion of unsettled questions. The sections on internal secretions and the chemistry of muscle contraction have been largely rewritten. References are introduced to the more important sources. Dr. Howell's book is a standard text on its subject.
Stilboestrol and Cancer
Authors: E. C. Dodds
Journal: BMJ (1971)

dialysate,l is recommended routinely for all chronically dialysed patients.It is suggested that the patient under this treatment can not only substitute iron, folate, and amino-acid losses from the remaining blood into the dialyser, blood sampling for analysis, and to the dialysate, but also effectively utilize these elements incorporated in the diet, according to his real needs.-Weare, etc.,
Association of Breast Cancer Risk With Age at First and Subsequent Births: A Study in the Population of the Estonian Republic&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Brian MacMahon, Maret Purde, Daniel Cramer, Evi Hint, Jr.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1982)

Information on reproductive history was obtained from 362 urban breast cancer patients attending the oncological dispensaries at Tallinn and Tartu, Estonian Republic, and from 694 urban women participating in gynecologic screening programs offered by the same centers. The 2 groups were compared by means of Mantel-Haenszel and logistic regression procedures to estimate age-adjusted odds ratios. Women whose first birth occurred before 20 years of age had a breast cancer risk less than one-third the risk of nulliparous women. Risk increased with increase in age at first birth (AFB) but remained below 1.0 (relative to nulliparae), even in the highest AFB categories. The fertility rate in Estonia during the period of this study was relatively low, which facilitated an evaluation of the effect of births subsequent to the first. After adjustment for AFB, it appeared that in this population subsequent births had a protective effect additional to that conferred by the first birth. Moreover, for women who had only 2 children, the age at the time of birth of the second child was a determinant of that effect. Compared to nulliparous women, the breast cancer odds ratio for uniparous women who had their child before age 25 was 0.62, and the ratio for duoparous women who had both their children under that age was 0.18. Neither lactation nor menarche was a risk factor for breast cancer in this population.
Bone marrow augmentation in solid organ transplantation–any conclusions?
Authors: John J. Fung
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Donor-specific bone marrow infusion after organ grafting can induce tolerance in animals. In this randomized, controlled study we show it has no benefit in patients undergoing liver transplantation. Of 25 patients, 9 received bone marrow 5 days after a 10 day course of antithymocyte globulin. Immunosuppression was maintained with cyclosporin only. An average of 3·0 rejection episodes per patient was seen in the bone marrow group compared to 3·1 in the controls. Chimerism was not found in peripheral blood or bone marrow of recipients using erythrocyte antigen markers, PCR for donor class II DNA or γ-probe in-situ hybridisation in one female recipient of male liver and bone marrow.
Awards, Appointments, Announcements
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1989)

Awards, Appointments, Announcements Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 81, Issue 23, 6 December 1989, Pages 1777–1779, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/81.23.1777 Published: 06 December 1989
Letters to my Hospital Internes, Past and Present.
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Nursing in the Acute Infectious Fevers.
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Death From Irreversible Pulmonary Hypertension Associated With Short-term Use of Fenfluramine and Phentermine
Authors: Kelley A. Dillon
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Drug-induced pulmonary hypertension is a potentially dangerous adverse effect of anorexiant drugs. Reports of severe adverse effects, including fatalities, are increasing with the rising use of these medications. Data are sparse on the relationship between risk of pulmonary hypertension and duration of use of these agents. Abenhaim et al<sup>1</sup>detected a markedly increased risk (odds ratio [OR], 23.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 6.9-77.7) with exposure of more than 3 months but a nonsignificant risk (OR, 1.8; 95% CI, 0.5-5.7) for exposure of 3 months or less.<sup>1</sup>Likewise, little is known about the fatality rate of anorexiant-induced pulmonary hypertension and what predisposing conditions might increase this risk. We describe a case that highlights the critical nature of these questions. <h3>Report of a Case.</h3> —A 30-year-old woman was in apparently good health until April 1996, when she was prescribed fenfluramine hydrochloride and phentermine hydrochloride for weight loss
Decompression Dermotomy
Authors: Donald J. Gaspard
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Two cases illustrate the detrimental effects of calf hypertension which appeared to be solely due to compression of venous and lymphatic outflow by the skin. An adjunctive technique of multiple skin incisions was used with satisfactory results. A wider application of this approach seems warranted both to assess its efficacy further and to identify more precisely those patients in whom such a technique will be helpful. A distinction is made between open fasciotomy, where the skin incision is made to facilitate and ensure complete fascial division, and decompression dermotomy, which is done after closed fasciotomy in settings where calf edema progresses beyond the facility of fasciotomy alone to control it.
Removal of Hemorrhoids
Authors: A. W. Martin Marino
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> We were surprised and somewhat dismayed at "Non-operative Ligation Treatment of Internal Hemorrhoids" (<b>204</b>:375, 1968). We have used Barron ligation technique since the ligator became commercially available. This is considerably longer than the 18 months mentioned in the article. In our practice of colon and rectal surgery, the patient who has only internal hemorrhoids as a cause of symptoms is a distinct rarity. Anal ulceration, fistula, hypertrophied papillae, and cryptitis frequently coexist with internal hemorrhoids in symptomatic individuals. Hemorrhoids which traverse the anal canal and are distal to the pectinate line are far more likely to cause symptoms than are pure internal hemorrhoids. The article states that hemorrhoidectomy is "extremely unpleasant" for the patient. However, it is our experience that nine out of ten patients undergoing anorectal surgery make some variation of the statement, "If I'd known that this was all there was to it, I