tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Computer's Contribution to Information Content of Laboratory Data
Authors: Elmer R. Gabrieli
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Historically, in the process of diagnostic decision making, emphasis was on the skills of effective history taking and physical examination. When deemed necessary, simple laboratory tests (eg, blood count, urinalysis) were also performed by the examiner. This flow of information was a powerful way of making the diagnosis. Admittedly, the ambiguous information content of these data frequently had to be interpreted by nonscientific methods; on the other hand, even these vague data when enriched by the good diagnostician's experience and intuition could lead to remarkably accurate diagnoses. For thousands of years this simple system of information flow was the "art of medicine," justifiably the pride of distinguished line of great clinicians, and it should be remembered with considerable nostalgia. Recent progress in various fields of medical sciences caused a palpable shift in emphasis. Following World War II, the scope of laboratory medicine enlarged at a spectacular rate. The practitioner could
Occupational Illness
Authors: L S Newman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

Workplace exposures to hazardous materials cause or aggravate diseases as common and diverse as asthma, cancer, dermatitis, and tuberculosis.1 Crude estimates of the number of new cases of occupational disease in the United States range from 125,000 to 350,000 per year,24 in addition to 5.3 million work-related injuries. The economic cost is estimated to exceed $60 billion annually.2,57 Occupational disorders occur in industry and agriculture, both as underrecognized endemic diseases and in sporadic epidemics. With modernization, occupational hazards have shifted from factories and mines to include hospitals and office buildings.Patients perceive industrial toxins as threatening their . . .
Hydrolases of Mononuclear Exudate Cells and Tuberculosis
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
AN UNREASONABLE HEALTH OFFICIAL.
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Drug Data Automated by AMA, FDA, Other Groups
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Correction
Journal: Circulation (2000)

In the article by Rosano et al that appeared in a previous issue of the journal (Circulation.1999;99:1666 -1670), the units of measurement reported for testosterone levels were incorrect.These units should be ng/mL, not mg/dL.This requires changes in the text, Table 3, andFigure 2. Under Methods: Testosterone Analysis, the last sentence should read: "The lower limit of normal testosterone levels in men by this method is 9 ng/mL."The seventh sentence of the second paragraph of Results should read: "Plasma testosterone levels increased significantly (by 2 orders of magnitude) after intravenous testosterone administration (Table 3), and no difference in the hormonal plasma levels was observed between samples obtained before and after exercise (527Ϯ342 versus 518Ϯ337 ng/mL, PϭNS)."The correct versions of Table 3 and Figure 2 appear below.
Population Trends and Programs of Social Welfare
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Morphometry of Individual Cerebellar Lobules in Schizophrenia
Authors: R. T. Loeber
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2001)

OBJECTIVE: Previous imaging studies have described focal cortical changes in schizophrenia, with predominant findings of abnormalities in the temporal and frontal regions. The current study hypothesized that cerebellar regions involved in feedback and feed-forward loops with cortical regions affected in schizophrenia would also demonstrate structural changes. METHOD: Using magnetic resonance imaging, the authors measured the volume of individual cerebellar lobules in 19 patients with schizophrenia and 19 healthy comparison subjects. RESULTS: The inferior vermis was significantly smaller in the schizophrenic group than in the comparison group. Patients with schizophrenia also demonstrated a significantly smaller cerebellar asymmetry than the comparison subjects. CONCLUSIONS: The authors hypothesize that these morphometric changes may be developmental in origin and possibly related to cortical abnormalities.
This Week in &lt;EMPH&gt;JAMA&lt;/EMPH&gt;
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Wendy R. Brewster, MD, PhD; F. Allan Hubbell, MD, MSPH; Joan Largent, MPH, PhD; Argyrios Ziogas, PhD; Fritz Lin, MD; Susan Howe, MPH; Theodore G. Ganiats, MD; Hoda Anton-Culver, PhD; Alberto Manetta, MD
Heart surgeons now using ultrasound intraoperatively
Authors: P. Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Ultrasound probes are finding their way into the crowded arena of the chest during open heart surgery. The objective: to image the coronary arteries. Already ultrasound is being used intraoperatively in vascular, pancreatic, biliary tract, renal, and neurosurgery (<i>JAMA</i>[MEDICAL NEWS] 1982;247:3171-3174). The rationale for this investigational use, according to pediatric cardiologist David J. Sahn, MD, and surgical colleagues at the University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, is that ultrasound aids decision making during surgery by demonstrating the number and severity of arterial obstructions present at that moment. This is useful, Sahn says, because although preoperative angiography "remains the gold standard," sometimes a patient may postpone an operation such as a triple bypass for several months. In the meantime, the disease progresses. When the patient is finally ready for surgery, Sahn says, "because the chest is going to be opened anyway, it's reasonable to spend a few minutes scanning
The effect of mannitol and secretin on the biliary transport of urate in humans
Authors: J Kountouras
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

No evidence is available on the transport of biliary urate and the possible role of choleretic agents in the regulation of biliary urate elimination in humans. To test this hypothesis we studied the following: (1) 45 cholecystomized patients to determine urate levels in hepatic bile and gallbladder bile, and (2) 13 cholecystomized patients fitted with T-tubes to determine the effects of secretin injection (either 70 U of porcine secretin or 0.02 mg ·kg−1 of synthetic human secretin, as a single dose) and/or mannitol infusion (5 cm3 · min−1 for 90 minutes) on biliary urate excretion. In the latter group, samples of bile and serum were analyzed for urate under basal state and after the administration of both agents. In our first approach, results showed that urate concentrations present in hepatic as well as in gallbladder bile were much lower than the corresponding values in serum (P < .001). The mean gallbladder bile urate concentration was not significantly increased over the concentration in hepatic bile. When compared with basal state values, procine and synthetic secretin induced a significant increase in mean urate clearance (P < .001) because of a significant increase in mean bile flow (P < .001), whereas the mean biliary urate concentration significantly decreased (P < .001) with a concomitant decrease in the mean serum urate concentration (P < .02). Mannitol also induced a significant increase in the mean urate clearance (P < .002) because of a significant increase in the mean biliary urate concentration (P < .01) with a concomitant decrease in the mean serum urate concentration (P < .01) and without changes in the mean bile flow (P > .05). Therefore, it appears that a substantial amount of urate is eliminated by biliary route. The load of biliary urate excreted may be modified by mannitol and secretin and possibly other factors, a finding that could have an application in some pathological conditions associated with decreased renal urate excretion.
Abstract 1756: Determination of the Mechanism of Elevated Left Ventricular Filling Pressures with Exercise: A Simultaneous Echocardiographic-Catheterization Study
Authors: Wissam A Jaber, Barry A Borlaug, Margaret M Redfield, Pui W Lee, Steve R Ommen, Paul Sorajja, Carolyn S Lam, Rick A Nishimura
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Exercise normally enhances LV relaxation with minimal change in filling pressure (P). We hypothesize that exercise in hypertensive (HTN) patients increases LV diastolic P through a direct effect on relaxation and ventricular-vascular coupling. Methods: Patients (n=21) with HTN, normal EF, and no coronary disease underwent simultaneous micromanometer LV P and echo-Doppler measurements at rest and with low level supine exercise (12 bicycle; 9 arm weight). Continuous volume (V) was obtained from mitral Doppler inflow and end-diastolic (ED) and end-systolic (ES) V from 2-D echo. Relaxation-corrected LV diastolic P was used for PV relationship P = α.e β*V ; to account for covariance in α and β, LV capacitance (EDV 20 = Ln[20mmHg/α]/β) was reported. Single beat method was used for LV ES elastance (Ees). Group 1 did not increase mean LV diastolic P (mDP) with exercise, Group 2 increased mDP &gt;6mmHg. Results: LV diastolic P and arterial and LV ES elastance increased with exercise; EDV was stable; EDV 20 decreased. Compared to Group 1, Group 2 had a greater exercise-induced increase in afterload, associated with increase in LV minimal P and impaired augmentation of relaxation rate (Table &amp; Figure ). Conclusions: In patients with HTN, impairment of ventricular relaxation plays a major role in causing LV filling P increase with exercise, which is related to ventricular-vascular coupling.
Minor myocardial damage and prognosis: Are spontaneous and percutaneous coronary intervention-related events different? Martijn Akkerhuis, John H. Alexander, Barbara E. Tardiff, Eric Boersma, Robert A. Harrington, Michael Lincoff, Maarten L. Simoons. Thoraxcenter, University Hospital Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
MEDICAL ORATORY.
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Mechanisms of Benzene-Induced Hematotoxicity and Leukemogenicity: cDNA Microarray Analyses Using Mouse Bone Marrow Tissue
Authors: Byung-IL Yoon, Guang-Xun Li, Kunio Kitada, Yasushi Kawasaki, Katsuhide Igarashi, Yukio Kodama, Tomoaki Inoue, Kazuko Kobayashi, Jun Kanno, Dae-Yong Kim, Tohru Inoue, Yoko Hirabayashi
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2003)

Although the mechanisms underlying benzene-induced toxicity and leukemogenicity are not yet fully understood, they are likely to be complicated by various pathways, including those of metabolism, growth factor regulation, oxidative stress, DNA damage, cell cycle regulation, and programmed cell death.With this as a background, we performed cDNA microarray analyses on mouse bone marrow tissue during and after a 2-week benzene exposure by inhalation.Our goal was to clarify the mechanisms underlying the hematotoxicity and leukemogenicity induced by benzene at the level of altered multigene expression.Because a few researchers have postulated that the cell cycle regulation mediated by p53 is a critical event for benzene-induced hematotoxicity, the present study was carried out using p53-knockout (KO) mice and C57BL/6 mice.On the basis of the results of large-scale gene expression studies, we conclude the following: a) Benzene induces DNA damage in cells at any phase of the cell cycle through myeloperoxidase and in the redox cycle, resulting in p53 expression through Raf-1 and cyclin D-interacting myb-like protein 1. b) For G1/S cell cycle arrest, the p53-mediated pathway through p21 is involved, as well as the pRb gene-mediated pathway.c) Alteration of cyclin G1 and Wee-1 kinase genes may be related to the G2/M arrest induced by benzene exposure.d) DNA repair genes such as Rad50 and Rad51 are markedly downregulated in p53-KO mice.e) p53-mediated caspase 11 activation, aside from p53-mediated Bax gene induction, may be an important pathway for cellular apoptosis after benzene exposure.Our results strongly suggest that the dysfunction of the p53 gene, possibly caused by strong and repeated genetic and epigenetic effects of benzene on candidate leukemia cells, may induce fatal problems such as those of cell cycle checkpoint, apoptosis, and the DNA repair system, finally resulting in hemopoietic malignancies.Our cDNA microarray data provide valuable information for future investigations of the mechanisms underlying the toxicity and leukemogenicity of benzene.
The Cover
Authors: —M. THERESE SOUTHGATE
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract P110: Exploratory Study on Mechanism by Which Hypothermia Improves Outcomes of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Authors: Tao Yu, Giuseppe Ritagno, Jun H Cho, Shijie Sun, Max H Weil, Wanchun Tang
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Introduction : In an earlier report, our group demonstrated that when head cooling was started during CPR, outcomes were improved. We had also reported in a series of studies the adverse effects on ultimate outcomes of adrenergic amines, both á 1 and âadrenergic agonists and improved outcomes withá 1 and âadrenergic blockades. We therefore hypothesized that the benefits of rapid head cooling may at least in part relate to reduced adrenergic stimulation. In a small exploratory study, we therefore measured endogenous plasma concentration of norepinephrine. Methods: Pilot studies were conducted in 7 domestic male pigs weighing 40±5 kg. After 15 minutes of untreated ventricular fibrillation, in 4 animals head cooling was induced with a Rhino Chill device coincident with start of CPR. An additional 3 animals served as identically treated controls without hypothermia. CPR was continued for 5 minutes in both group prior to defibrillation. Endogenous plasma norepinephrine levels were measured at baseline and 5 minutes after start of CPR. Results: None of the control animals were successfully resuscitated, in contrast to 3 of 4 brain cooled animals. Jugular vein temperature was reduced from 38.0°C to 37.0°C in brain cooled animals ( P &lt;0.001). Endogenous norepinephrine levels were greatly increased in comparing to baseline levels and was significantly less in brain cooled animals (153 vs 381 μg/L, P &lt;0.05) Conclusions: The mechanism by which rapid head cooling improves outcome of resuscitation may, at least in part, relate to inhibition of the adverse effects of endogenous adrenergic stimulation.
THE EFFECT OF SOLUTIONS OF VARIOUS CONCENTRATIONS ON INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Text-book of Opthalmology
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal