tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Authors: Sidney M. Crain
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is an infrequent, sporadic, and highly fatal syndrome. Recent advances in therapy and insight into the pathogenesis of this disorder have dramatically changed its once poor prognosis. A reappraisal of the diagnosis, pathogenesis, and treatment of TTP is the subject of this article. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;246:1243-1246)
The Intoeing Child With a Hip Rotation Problem
Authors: Richard C. Gardner
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Children in the 5- to 12-year age group often present with intoeing secondary to a hip rotation problem. These children present with marked internal rotation of the hips (Fig 1). Postural etiology is best illustrated when the child is told to sit naturally. They usually assume the position of extreme internal rotation of the hips as seen in Fig 2. This is a position that tends to aggravate the condition. The best advice to give to the parents is to watch the child in sitting and to encourage the opposite position—Indian style.
Educational Council for Foreign Medical Graduates
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Enlarged, Tortuous Arteries and Hepatic Bruit
Authors: Leonard I. Goldstein
Journal: JAMA (1968)

A patient with cirrhosis, a side-to-side portacaval shunt, and a loud abdominal murmur was observed. Investigation revealed enlarged, tortuous, hepatic arteries as the most likely source for this murmur—a hepatic arterial bruit. The generation of this bruit was considered to be secondary to the disturbance in normal laminar blood flow in the enlarged, tortuous, hepatic arteries. This case is reported to add hepatic-artery variations to the list of causes of abdominal arterial murmurs in patients with liver disease.
Nursing Care of Communicable Diseases: Prophylactic Technics for the Prevention and Control of Disease
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Obstructive Sleep Apnea–induced Endothelial Dysfunction Is Mediated by miR-210
Authors: Fenqing Shang, Shen-Chih Wang, Brendoan Gongol, So Yun Han, Yoshitake Cho, Cara R. Schiavon, Lili Chen, Yuanming Xing, Yingshuai Zhao, Ming’an Ning, Xuan Guo, Fangzhou He, Yuyang Lei, Liuyi Wang, Uri Manor, Traci Marin, Kun-Ta Chou, Ming He, Po-Hsun Huang, John Y.-J. Shyy, Atul Malhotra
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2022)

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)-induced endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction contributes to OSA-related cardiovascular sequelae. The mechanistic basis of endothelial impairment by OSA is unclear.
The Biological Role of Pleural Fluid PAI-1 and Sonographic Septations in Pleural Infection: Analysis of a Prospectively Collected Clinical Outcome Study
Authors: Eihab O. Bedawi, Nikolaos I. Kanellakis, John P. Corcoran, Yu Zhao, Maged Hassan, Rachelle Asciak, Rachel M. Mercer, Anand Sundaralingam, Dinesh N. Addala, Robert F. Miller, Tao Dong, Alison M. Condliffe, Najib M. Rahman
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2022)

Rationale: Sonographic septations are assumed to be important clinical predictors of outcome in pleural infection, but the evidence for this is sparse. The inflammatory and fibrinolysis-associated intrapleural pathway(s) leading to septation formation have not been studied in a large cohort of pleural fluid (PF) samples with confirmed pleural infection matched with ultrasound and clinical outcome data. Objectives: To assess the presence and severity of septations against baseline PF PAI-1 (Plasminogen-Activator Inhibitor-1) and other inflammatory and fibrinolysis-associated proteins as well as to correlate these with clinically important outcomes. Methods: We analyzed 214 pleural fluid samples from PILOT (Pleural Infection Longitudinal Outcome Study), a prospective observational pleural infection study, for inflammatory and fibrinolysis-associated proteins using the Luminex platform. Multivariate regression analyses were used to assess the association of pleural biological markers with septation presence and severity (on ultrasound) and clinical outcomes. Measurements and Main Results: PF PAI-1 was the only protein independently associated with septation presence (P < 0.001) and septation severity (P = 0.003). PF PAI-1 concentrations were associated with increased length of stay (P = 0.048) and increased 12-month mortality (P = 0.003). Sonographic septations alone had no relation to clinical outcomes. Conclusions: In a large and well-characterized cohort, this is the first study to associate pleural biological parameters with a validated sonographic septation outcome in pleural infection. PF PAI-1 is the first biomarker to demonstrate an independent association with mortality. Although PF PAI-1 plays an integral role in driving septation formation, septations themselves are not associated with clinically important outcomes. These novel findings now require prospective validation.
Spatiotemporal Regulation of the Bone Immune Microenvironment via Dam‐Like Biphasic Bionic Periosteum for Bone Regeneration
Authors: Zonghan Xu, Liang Wu, Yu Tang, Kun Xi, Jincheng Tang, Yichang Xu, Jingzhi Xu, Jian Lu, Kaijin Guo, Yong Gu, Liang Chen
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2022)

The bone immune microenvironment (BIM) regulates bone regeneration and affects the prognosis of fractures. However, there is currently no effective strategy that can precisely modulate macrophage polarization to improve BIM for bone regeneration. Herein, a hybridized biphasic bionic periosteum, inspired by the BIM and functional structure of the natural periosteum, is presented. The gel phase is composed of genipin-crosslinked carboxymethyl chitosan and collagen self-assembled hybrid hydrogels, which act as the "dam" to intercept IL-4 released during the initial burst from the bionic periosteum fiber phase, thus maintaining the moderate inflammatory response of M1 macrophages for mesenchymal stem cell recruitment and vascular sprouting at the acute fracture. With the degradation of the gel phase, released IL-4 cooperates with collagen to promote the polarization towards M2 macrophages, which reconfigure the local microenvironment by secreting PDGF-BB and BMP-2 to improve vascular maturation and osteogenesis twofold. In rat cranial defect models, the controlled regulation of the BIM is validated with the temporal transition of the inflammatory/anti-inflammatory process to achieve faster and better bone defect repair. This strategy provides a drug delivery system that constructs a coordinated BIM, so as to break through the predicament of the contradiction between immune response and bone tissue regeneration.
Identification of a new noradrenaline induced gene in the rat heart by differential mRNA display
Authors: R. Venkataraman, J. Presser, R. E Vaillancourt, A. K West
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1995)

Journal Article Identification of a new noradrenaline induced gene in the rat heart by differential mRNA display Get access Rajan Venkataraman, Rajan Venkataraman aDepartment of Biochemistry University of Tasmania, GPO Box 252C, Hobart, Australia 7001 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Jennifer Presser, Jennifer Presser bDepartment of Plant Sciences University of Tasmania, GPO Box 252C, Hobart, Australia 7001 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar René E Vaillancourt, René E Vaillancourt cCRC for Temperate Hardwood Forestry, Hobart, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Adrian K West Adrian K West * aDepartment of Biochemistry University of Tasmania, GPO Box 252C, Hobart, Australia 7001 *Correspondence to Dr West. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 29, Issue 4, April 1995, Pages 490–494, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6363(96)88524-5 Published: 01 April 1995 Article history Received: 13 May 1994 Accepted: 24 October 1994 Published: 01 April 1995
Shaving of Eyebrows
Authors: John H. Dirckx
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In reply to an inquiry in QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS, Thomas J. Baker, MD (241:2207, 1979), correctly states that a shaved eyebrow will grow back normally. There is, nevertheless, a valid objection to shaving the eyebrow before closure of a wound in that area. If the hair-bearing zones on each side of the wound are not precisely aligned, the regrown eyebrow may be distorted by a conspicuous zigzag. Leaving the eyebrow unshaved makes alignment easier and more certain. Surely this is the origin of the old (and current) taboo against shaving.
A Treatise on the Science and Practice of Midwifery.
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Dosage of Aspirin
Authors: Lee Wood
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The authors of the Aspirin Myocardial Infarction Study (AMIS) (243:661, 1980) state that the regular administration of aspirin in a dosage of 1.0 g/day does not reduce three-year mortality in patients with a history of myocardial infarction (MI). There is no reason to doubt this. They also say that aspirin is not recommended for routine use in patients who have survived an MI. There is reason to doubt this, however, since they used too much aspirin. In 1972 I suggested that men older than 20 years and women older than 40 years take one aspirin tablet per day on a long-term basis in the hope that this would lessen the progression of atherosclerosis.<sup>1</sup>I chose this dosage because it was well known then that small doses of aspirin would decrease platelet aggregation for days. This proved to be close to the proper dosage. The authors of
Survey of Thorotrast-Associated Liver Cancers in Japan&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Seiji Yamada, Syun Hosoda, Hiroo Tateno, Choichiro Kido, Shinji Takahash
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1983)

Data on 93 autopsy cases (group A) of thorotrast-associated liver cancers were obtained from the “Annual of Pathological Autopsy Cases in Japan” from 1958 to 1979, and data on 78 autopsy cases (group B) of thorotrast-associated liver cancers were obtained from the Japanese literature from 1953 to 1980. Cholangiocarcinoma (CLC) constituted 58% of group A and 55% of group B. The curve of the cumulative numbers of patients with CLC versus year in group A was almost linear, showing an increasing risk per surviving patient with advancing time. Angiosarcoma (AGS) occurred in 25% of group A and 24% of group B. The number of patients with AGS increased significantly after 1969 in both groups (P<0.05). In group B, age and years after thorotrast injection of patients with AGS were statistically higher than those of patients with CLC (age: P<0.05; years after thorotrast injection: P<0.001). Hepatocellular carcinoma (HPC) accounted for 17 and 21 % of groups A and B, respectively. When yearly distribution, age, and time after thorotrast injection of patients with HPC were correlated with those of patients with other liver cancers, the only statistically significant difference between patients with HPC and patients with CLC (P<0.02) was in the years after thorotrast administration. Since 1977 multiple primary liver cancers including AGS developed in thorotrast-administered patients in both groups.
Lipidoses: Diseases of the Cellular Lipid Metabolism
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Malaria, the Submerged Disease
Authors: Piero Olliaro
Journal: JAMA (1996)

MALARIA is one of the major infectious diseases in the world today despite years of efforts first to eradicate it and subsequently to reduce its impact on mortality and morbidity.<i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>, the most virulent of the four human<i>Plasmodium</i>species causing malaria, is potentially life-threatening, increasing in prevalence and becoming even more resistant to in-use drugs. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that there are 300 million to 500 million people infected with malaria.<sup>1</sup>The Global Burden of Disease study, used as an input into the World Bank's 1993 World Development Report,<sup>2</sup>estimated 805 300 deaths due to malaria in sub-Saharan Africa in 1990, compared with 887100 for diarrheal disease, 1 028 800 for all respiratory infections, and 472 000 for measles.<sup>3</sup>The true impact of malaria on mortality is likely to be underestimated in these figures, since a randomized trial of the use of insecticide-impregnated
Family History and Genetic Risk Factors
Authors: Reed Edwin Pyeritz
Journal: JAMA (1997)

The family history has long been an intrinsic part of the evaluation of a new patient. While family history is often synonymous these days with<i>genetic</i>history, its origins may date to a time when communicable diseases were much more common, hence the persistent admonition to medical students to ask whether anyone in the family has had tuberculosis. However, as the spectrum of morbidity in developed countries has changed,<sup>1,2</sup>so too has the primary purpose of the family history. Today, that evolution continues, driven in large part by burgeoning knowledge about human and medical genetics. See also pp 1242, 1251, 1262, and 1268. Until recently, much of the focus of medical genetics has been on rare disorders.<sup>3,4</sup>For common disorders, causation was either seemingly easy to ascribe (eg, infectious diseases) or complex (eg, atherosclerosis and cancer), but in neither case considered genetic. However, during the past decade, increasing
Highlights of This Issue
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2018)

This is the first published phase I neoadjuvant study of the WEE1 inhibitor, AZD1775, with cisplatin and docetaxel. This novel approach exploits the underlying biology of TP53-inactivated tumors, which are incapable of G1 arrest and reliant on the G2/M checkpoint for DNA repair following genotoxic therapy. WEE1′s inhibition of CDK2 maintains genomic stability in S-phase, thereby protecting cells against replication stress and subsequent cell death. Treatment was tolerable with encouraging antitumor activity. Pharmacodynamic data demonstrated evidence of replication stress and G2/M override, leading to apoptosis. Given favorable safety, AZD1775 could reduce morbidity of definitive therapy in borderline-resectable, advanced HNSCC.Diffuse gliomas include different subtypes with diverse prognosis ranging from 1 to 15 years median overall survival. Thus, the subclassification of this type of tumours is crucial for the clinical and surgical managing of patients. The anatomical localization of diffuse gliomas, however, challenges access to tumour specimens for diagnosis. Martínez-Ricarte and colleagues have developed a platform to rapidly genotype seven genes in CSF ctDNA that allow the subclassification of diffuse gliomas. They showed that CSF ctDNA can be used as a liquid biopsy to diagnose diffuse gliomas, avoiding high-risk surgical procedures and facilitating the management of CNS malignancies.Although IGF-1R is critically involved in pancreatic cancer pathophysiology, IGF-1R inhibitors failed to show clinical benefit. To explore mechanisms of resistance, Camblin and colleagues performed growth factor screening in pancreatic cancer cells and investigated the prevalence of activating growth factors and their receptors in patient samples. The studies reveal that HRG/ErbB3 axis is critical to pancreatic cancer progression and resistance to IGF-1R inhibition. Moreover, they demonstrate that dual IGF-1R and ErbB3 targeting with a novel bispecific antibody increases the activity of standard-of-care chemotherapies. These findings provide mechanistic insight into pancreatic cancer resistance to IGF-1R inhibitors and identify novel therapeutic strategies.Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is an oncogenic kinase implicated in several tumors, including neuroblastoma. Carneiro and colleagues report the first case of small-cell neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) with ALKF1174C activating mutation. The patient responded to second-generation ALK inhibitor alectinib as reflected by declining circulating tumor DNA allele fraction and radiographic stable disease. Alectinib also inhibited the growth of prostate cancer cell lines and organoids expressing ALKF1174C. Furthermore, ALK amplification was associated with poor outcome in prostate adenocarcinoma. The findings indicate the involvement of ALK in de novo and treatment-emergent NEPC and the therapeutic potential of ALK inhibitors.
The Normal Diet. A Simple Statement of the Fundamental Prin. ciples of Diet for the Mutual Use of Physicians and Patients.
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pott's Disease in Heroin Addicts
Authors: Susan W. Forlenza
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Five cases of tuberculous vertebral osteomyelitis occurred in heroin addicts at St Luke's Hospital Center between 1955 and 1975. All patients were men, and four were between 19 and 33 years of age. In contrast with the indolent onset typical to pyogenic or fungal vertebral osteomyelitis in heroin addicts, patients with Pott's disease had an acute toxic reaction, with fever, back pain, weight loss, and night sweats. Neurological abnormalities, uncommon with pyogenic or fungal vertebral infection, occurred in all patients with tuberculous involvement of the spine. Roentgenograms of the spine were atypical in four patients, including two with an "ivory vertebra." All patients had involvement of extravertebral sites, and one patient had infection with<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M avium</i>. (<i>JAMA</i>241:379-380, 1979)