tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Council on Foods and Nutrition
Journal: JAMA (1949)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Highlights of This Issue
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2011)

Resistance to the antiangiogenic kinase inhibitors, such as sunitinib, is an important clinical problem. To obtain more insight into the mechanism of action of sunitinib and its potential clinical resistance mechanisms, Gotink and colleagues measured intratumoral sunitinib levels and exposed tumor cells in vitro to those concentrations. They found a mechanism of increased lysosomal sequestration in tumor cells that had not been identified before and that explained a reversible form of resistance to the agent. A potential clinical application may be either rechallenging with sunitinib or cotreatment with agents that interfere with lysosomal function, such as chloroquine.Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) are associated with angiogenesis and melanoma growth. Chen and colleagues investigated the mechanism of TAM involved in these processes and found that TAM is the major source of adrenomedullin (ADM) in melanoma. TAM-derived ADM promotes angiogenesis in a paracrine manner through the eNOS pathway and polarizes macrophage to an M2 phenotype in an autocrine manner. ADM and its receptor levels in melanoma are greatly increased compared with adjacent skin. The results from this study suggest that suppression of ADM and its receptors, or the combination of macrophage recruitment inhibition and M1 phenotype macrophage polarization, is a feasible anticancer strategy.The proteasome was validated as an oncology target following the clinical success of bortezomib. In this study, Lee and colleagues showed improved pharmacodynamics and antitumor activity of MLN9708 in a variety of mouse models of hematologic malignancies. They also found that MLN9708 alleviated tumor burden and cranial osteolytic bone disease in the genetically engineered iMycCα/Bcl-XL model. These data reveal that MLN9708 has the potential to show broad activity across B-cell and plasma cell malignancies, extending beyond those seen with bortezomib, and provide comprehensive evidence to support the clinical development of MLN9708 in hematologic malignancies, including lymphoma and multiple myeloma.Since 2004, the fluoropyrimidine–oxaliplatin combination has been the standard adjuvant treatment for resected stage III colon cancer. Results from several studies have suggested that patients with tumors exhibiting defective mismatch repair (dMMR) do not benefit from adjuvant therapy with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), unlike those with proficient MMR tumors. However, few data exist concerning MMR status and adjuvant 5-FU-oxaliplatin combination (FOLFOX). The results from this retrospective multicenter study by Zaanan and colleagues show that MMR status is an independent prognostic biomarker of disease-free survival in stage III colon cancer patients receiving FOLFOX chemotherapy and suggest that adding oxaliplatin to 5-FU could restore a benefit in disease-free survival for patients with stage III dMMR tumors.
Bone Mineral Density Measurements: Are they Worth While?
Authors: D J Torgerson, C Donaldson, D M Reid
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1996)

Bone mineral density measurements have been criticized on the grounds that they are not a worth-while screening tool. In this paper we argue that bone mineral measurements can be an efficient diagnostic tool even if they are not of proven value for screening. There is complex relationship between the costs of a measurement, the intervention and the predictive value of the test all of which must be accounted for when assessing the value of a bone density measurement. For bone density measurements to be used for screening, a wider evaluation needs to be undertaken compared with that for their use as a diagnostic tool. We address some common objections, for example, that low compliance with screening would undermine efficiency, and show that these are not relevant. Evaluations of screening need to address issues that are likely to affect efficiency.
Highlights of This Issue
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2013)

The presence of an immunosuppressive microenvironment induced by tumors and host regulatory cells can limit the full potential of adoptive T-cell immunotherapy.John and colleagues demonstrated that specifically blocking PD-1 immunosuppression can potently enhance tumor eradication in mice following adoptive transfer of CAR T cells in the absence of pathology.Therapeutic responses were strongly correlated with increased CAR T-cell function and a concomitant decrease in MDSC's at the tumor site.These results are likely to increase the effectiveness of immunotherapy against a number of cancers that are currently resistant to first-line treatment.
Taylor's Practice of Medicine.
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Methocarbamol and Myasthenia Gravis
Authors: Alphonse Podrizki
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The usual contraindications to use of methocarbamol, a well-known muscle relaxant, are hypersensitivity to the drug, and known or suspected renal disease (for the injectable form only, because of the vehicle). A recent case makes us wonder whether myasthenia gravis should not be added to this list. <h3>Report of a Case:—</h3> A 50-year-old white woman, was readmitted to the Veterans Administration hospital on Jan 8, 1968, for increasingly severe weakness and fatigability since a previous discharge July 3,1967. Since 1965 she has been treated for myasthenia gravis, effectively with pyridostigmine bromide since June 1966. After the appearance of the present symptoms, she tried successively an increase and a decrease of the doses of pyridostigmine bromide, with no improvement whatever. Because of constant back pains "for quite a while," she had been taking methocarbamol orally and propoxyphene hydrochloride, with satisfactory results. At the time of admission, neostigmine methylsulfate
Hughes' Practice of Medicine
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pregnancy After Gliosis Uteri (Endometrii)
Authors: Lawrence M. Nelson
Journal: JAMA (1982)

PROLIFERATION of fetal neural tissue in the endometrium or endocervix occurs rarely. Since the entity was first described by Orsos<sup>1</sup>in 1934, fewer than 30 cases have been verified. Glial tissue in the uterus has been reported using the following various terms to describe what probably represents the same entity:<i>glial polyp</i>,<sup>2</sup><i>glioma of the uterus</i>,<sup>3</sup><i>gliomatosis uteri</i>,<sup>4</sup><i>glial tissue in the uterus</i>,<sup>5</sup>and<i>proliferating</i><i>glia in the endometrium</i>.<sup>6</sup>We prefer Bazala's term<i>gliosis uteri</i>,<sup>7</sup>which describes a benign condition that may persist or recur locally.<sup>2</sup>The condition, as theorized by most authors, probably results from a homograft of fetal glial stroma. We recently had the opportunity to care for a patient with persistent gliosis uteri (endometrii) who wanted to conceive another child. We reviewed the pertinent literature to secure information on fertility subsequent to this problem. To our knowledge, no pregnancies after
Attempting to Reduce Hospital Costs by Strengthening Primary Care Institutions
Authors: Herman J. Sixma
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Retinoblastoma: Presentation and Survival in Negro Children Compared With Whites&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Guy R. Newell, Jane D. Roberts, Anne Baranovsky
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1972)

Higher mortality rates from retinoblastoma among Negroes, as compared to whites, are unique among childhood cancers and thus may have important epidemiologic implications. Data suggest that this excess mortality among Negroes is due to delayed diagnosis resulting in more advanced disease presenting in older Negroes leading to less favorable response to treatment.—J Natl Cancer Inst 49: 989–992, 1972.
Carcinogenesis, Benzo[&lt;italic&gt;a&lt;/italic&gt;]pyrene Metabolism, and Sister Chromatid Exchanges in Lungs of Rats After Intratracheal 3-Methylcholanthrene&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Rasmussen, Ronald E., Anderson, Jean, Kinkead, Edwin R., MacEwen, J. Douglas, Bruner, Richard H.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1984)

Journal Article Carcinogenesis, Benzo[a]pyrene Metabolism, and Sister Chromatid Exchanges in Lungs of Rats After Intratracheal 3-Methylcholanthrene Get access Ronald E. Rasmussen, Ronald E. Rasmussen 3Department of Community and Environmental Medicine, California College of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Calif. 92717. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Jean Anderson, Jean Anderson 3Department of Community and Environmental Medicine, California College of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Calif. 92717. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Edwin R. Kinkead, Edwin R. Kinkead 4University of California, Irvine, Toxic Hazards Research Unit, Overlook Branch, P.O. Box 31009, Dayton, Ohio 45431. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. Douglas MacEwen, J. Douglas MacEwen 4University of California, Irvine, Toxic Hazards Research Unit, Overlook Branch, P.O. Box 31009, Dayton, Ohio 45431. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Richard H. Bruner Richard H. Bruner 5Air Force Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory, Toxic Hazards Division, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 73, Issue 1, July 1984, Pages 257–264, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/73.1.257 Published: 01 July 1984 Article history Received: 07 November 1983 Accepted: 31 January 1984 Published: 01 July 1984
Comparison of Alprazolam With Imipramine and Placebo
Authors: K. Jaffe, H. D. Barnshaw, R. Weingourt, M. Kennedy
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We refer to the article entitled "Comparison of Alprazolam, Imipramine, and Placebo in the Treatment of Depression" by John Feighner and associates.<sup>1</sup>The authors reported that alprazolam is "at least as effective as imipramine hydrochloride in relieving depressive symptoms, significantly more effective in relieving somatic symptoms, and showed an earlier onset of activity in some measurements." We believe that these results may be misleading because of a serious methodological flaw in the study. The mean dosages of alprazolam and imipramine reported were the following: The authors stated that "previous clinical research indicates the mean doses of the two active drugs are equivalent." We dispute this. Most experts believe that a<i>minimum</i>of 150 mg of imipramine hydrochloride daily is necessary for an adequate therapeutic trial in most patients.<sup>2,3</sup>Mean dosages of imipramine hydrochloride in this study were consistently below 150 mg daily. If adequate dosages
Plasma Cortisol Assay
Authors: Aron O. Lurie
Journal: JAMA (1970)

A misleading, gross elevation of plasma cortisol levels was found in patients treated with spironolactone when a popular fluorometric technique for cortisol assay was employed. It was demonstrated that spironolactone interferes with the assay because its fluorescence emission spectrum is identical to that of cortisol. The assay of urinary 17-ketosteroids and 17-ketogenic steroids appears to be unaffected by the presence of spironolactone and can be used for the investigation of adrenal disease in patients taking the drug.
Hemodialysis in Methyprylon Overdose
Authors: A. Salvador Pancorbo
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Serial measurements of serum methyprylon concentration were made in the case of a 14-year-old girl who ingested an overdose of the drug. Our data indicate that, in the presence of high plasma levels of the drug, much longer half-lives than the usually reported four hours may be observed. It is postulated that saturation kinetics may be a possible mechanism for this observation. The striking clinical improvement after six hours of hemodialysis demonstrated the efficacy of this mode of treatment in our patient. (<i>JAMA</i>237:470-471, 1977)
Survey of the Law of Medical Practice
Authors: Sidney Shindell
Journal: JAMA (1965)

The greatest likelihood of the physician coming in contact with the law is<i>not</i>in the circumstance where he himself is a "party." While theoretically he may be perpetrator of an act which may gain the attention of the law or he might be a victim, the most likely status of the physician with respect to legal actions is neither perpetrator nor victim, but bystander. Any time a person receives an injury, he is likely to require the services of a physician. If his injury is sustained under circumstances where some form of compensation is possible, he may also require the services of a lawyer. It is as a result of this combination of events that "it has been estimated that between 70 and 80 percent of all trials in the United States involve substantial issues dependent on medical proof."<sup>1</sup> Whenever an infringement of an individual's rights affects his
Changes in Surgical Management of Hemophiliacs
Authors: Stanford Wessler
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Dr. J. B. Shumaker, Junior Assistant Resident in Medicine, Jewish Hospital of St. Louis; Assistant in Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine: A 49-year-old white male was admitted to the Jewish Hospital for the first time on July 29, 1967, because he had had a tender mass in the left lower quadrant and pain in the left hip radiating to the flank for six months. The patient was known to have hemophilia A (factor VIII deficiency) and had had multiple episodes of hemarthrosis and hematuria. Plasma AHF (factor VIII) assays had shown levels less than 1% of the normal amount. In the past six months there had been a weight loss of 10 to 15 lb (4.5 to 6.8 kg), but otherwise the patient had been asymptomatic. The patient was a well-developed, well-nourished man in no acute distress. The temperature was 98.6 F (37 C); the pulse rate, 92 beats
Potentiation by Ethanol Consumption of Tracheal Squamous Metaplasia Caused by Vitamin A Deficiency in Rats&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1987)

The effect of ethanol (CAS: 64-17-5) consumption on the development of squamous metaplasia of the trachea caused by vitamin A deficiency was assessed in rats. To that effect, weanling male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed for 8–12 weeks either a nutritionally adequate liquid diet containing a standard amount of vitamin A or a diet lacking vitamin A. Littermates were pair-fed the same diets with ethanol (36% of total calories) isocalorically replacing part of the carbohydrates. In rats fed the vitamin A-deficient diets with or without ethanol, plasma vitamin A was very low (5.3±0.9 and 5.9±1.5 μg/dl; n=20 pairs), while liver and tracheal vitamin A was unmeasurable. Squamous metaplasia was noted in 9 of 20 rats fed the vitamin A-deficient diet and in 13 of 20 rats fed the same diet plus ethanol. Severe lesions (those showing keratinization) were present in 42% of the tracheal sections from rats fed the vitamin A-deficient diet plus ethanol compared to 6% of the sections from rats fed the diet without ethanol (P<.001). In the ethanol-fed group, 37% of all the sections showed metaplasia occupying more than 50% of the tracheal epithelium, whereas in the absence of ethanol, 14% of the sections had lesions occupying more than 50% of the epithelium (P<.001). When the histologic grade and extent of the lesions were expressed as the percentage of rats affected, the differences between the 2 groups of animals were not statistically significant. Ethanol feeding resulted in a 70% increase in the labeling index of basal cells in squamous metaplasia (30.7±3.5 vs. 17.3±1.5%; P<.02). The number of [3H]thymidine-labeled suprabasal cells was not altered after ethanol feeding. In ciliated cells of the tracheal epithelium that were not as yet involved in the formation of metaplasia, ciliary abnormalities and an increased number of lysosomes were observed in rats that had consumed ethanol. In rats fed the regular vitamin A-containing diets with or without ethanol, plasma vitamin A was normal (55.7±2.1 and 47.2±1.7 μg/dl; n = 19 pairs). In rats fed ethanol, liver vitamin A levels were significantly decreased (twofold to threefold), but tracheal vitamin A was increased (twofold) and the basic feature of the pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium of the trachea was maintained: No squamous metaplasia was observed in any of these animals. The results of this study indicate that ethanol consumption potentiates the development of squamous metaplasia caused by vitamin A deficiency.
Dietary Restriction of Tyrosine and Phenylalanine: Inhibition of Metastasis of Three Rodent Tumors&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1987)

Journal Article Dietary Restriction of Tyrosine and Phenylalanine: Inhibition of Metastasis of Three Rodent Tumors Get access Rokia M. Abdallah, Rokia M. Abdallah Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Jean R. Starkey, Jean R. Starkey Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Gary G. Meadows Gary G. Meadows 5 5Address reprint requests to Dr. Meadows at College of Pharmacy, WSU. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 78, Issue 4, April 1987, Pages 759–769, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/78.4.759 Published: 01 April 1987 Article history Received: 30 May 1986 Accepted: 16 September 1986 Published: 01 April 1987
Physician Support Personnel In the 1970's
Authors: Paul J. Sanazaro
Journal: JAMA (1970)

If current economic and technological resources were properly allocated in the United States, all citizens could be provided access to the appropriate level of health care. There are, however, several major barriers to the early attainment of this public policy goal. First, it is clear that existing manpower resources are inadequate. Second, the health professions individually and in various combinations cannot yet take advantage of technology and "organization" to increase their productivity. Third, suitable methods for financing the health care of all citizens have yet to be devised. These problems constitute high priorities for the National Center's research and development in health services. A further hindrance to rapid progress in providing an equitable allocation of resources, is the competition for public and private funds by other high-priority national problems. In this competition, priority choices in the health field are especially limited by lack of information on the effectiveness of current