tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
American College of Physicians Guidelines on Cholesterol Screening
Authors: John C. LaRosa
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters15 December 1996American College of Physicians Guidelines on Cholesterol ScreeningJohn C. LaRosa, MDJohn C. LaRosa, MDTulane University Medical Center, New Orleans, LA 70112.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-12-199612150-00024 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Dr. Goldstein's observation (stated in his letter in the preceding group of letters) that cholesterol screening is not the issue is exactly right. The American College of Physicians' “evidence-based” guidelines [1] are based on the premise that screening leads inexorably to excessive drug prescription. The guidelines, however, present no evidence to support this premise. That is because available evidence shows the opposite to be true. In the United States, drugs are prescribed for only 3% of persons who have high cholesterol levels but no clinical coronary heart disease. Of all of the cholesterol-lowering drugs prescribed for patients without ...References1. American College of Physicians. Guidelines for using serum cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride levels as screening tests for preventing coronary heart disease in adults. Ann Intern Med. 1996; 124:515-7. Google Scholar2. Low incidence of assessment and modification of risks in acute care patients at high risk for cardiovascular events, particularly among females and the elderly. The Clinical Quality Improvement Network (CQIN) Investigators. Am J Cardiol. 1995; 76:570-73. Google Scholar3. Shepherd J, Pratt M. Prevention of coronary heart disease in clinical practice: a commentary on current treatment patterns in six European countries in relation to published recommendations. Cardiology. 1996; 87:1-5. Google Scholar4. Kato H, Tillotson J, Nichaman MZ, Rhoads GG, Hamilton H. Epidemiologic studies of coronary heart disease and stroke in Japanese men living in Japan, Hawaii and California. Am J Epidemiol. 1973; 97:372-85. Google Scholar5. Marmot M, Syme SL. Acculturation and coronary heart disease in Japanese-Americans. Am J Epidemiol. 1976; 104:225-47. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Tulane University Medical Center, New Orleans, LA 70112. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 December 1996Volume 125, Issue 12Page: 1011KeywordsAtherosclerosisCholesterolCoronary heart diseaseDietDrug screeningDrugsFatsLipoproteinsMedical risk factorsYoung adults Issue Published: 15 December 1996 CopyrightCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
CBMT-22. The PI3K/mTOR PATHWAY CONTRIBUTES TO SEX DIFFERENCES IN GLIOBLASTOMA
Authors: Jasmin Sponagel, Kwanha Yu, Benjamin Deneen, Joseph Ippolito, Joshua Rubin
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2018)

Glioblastoma (GBM) occurs more commonly in males but female GBM patients survive significantly longer. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms that underlie these sex differences may be an innovative approach for developing novel treatments. We found that EGFR amplification and increased mTOR phosphorylation worsen outcome for men, but not women with GBM. To investigate the contribution of the PI3K/mTOR pathway to sex differences in GBM biology and outcome, we used a murine model of GBM with inactivation of Neurofibromin 1 and p53 function, which has previously yielded important insights into sexual dimorphism in GBM. We found that PI3K/mTOR pathway activity was significantly greater in male GBM cells upon treatment with the activating ligands EGF, insulin or IGF-1. Furthermore, when we treated GBM cells with the targeted mTORC1 inhibitor temsirolimus, male GBM cells were significantly more resistant to pathway inhibition, underlining our hypothesis that the PI3K/mTOR pathway is sexually dimorphic in GBM. One mechanism by which the PI3K/mTOR pathway regulates GBM cell growth is through the regulation of metabolic pathways. Furthermore, high expression levels of glycolytic genes worsens outcome in male glioma patients but not females, suggesting there are sex differences in glioma metabolism. To discover sex differences in PI3K/mTOR pathway-regulated metabolism, we performed a targeted metabolomic screen of male and female GBM cells treated either with insulin or vehicle. Multiple central carbon metabolites, involved in nucleotide metabolism, NAD metabolism, and TCA cycle, were significantly different in male and female cells. We further confirmed the validity of these findings with controlled nutrient deprivation and supplementation studies in cell culture and found that male GBM cells were more sensitive to those manipulations. Together, these data indicate that the PI3K/mTOR pathway and its metabolic targets are sexually dimorphic in GBM and that metabolic targeting approaches may be particularly effective in male GBM patients.
HIV Transmission
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Morphologic Changes in Pulmonary Emphysema
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pimping as a Practice in Medical Education—Reply
Authors: Douglas Reifler
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Brief Chemotherapy and Involved-Region Irradiation for Limited-Stage Diffuse Large-Cell Lymphoma: An 18-Year Experience From the British Columbia Cancer Agency
Authors: Tamara N. Shenkier, Nicholas Voss, Randall Fairey, Randy D. Gascoyne, Paul Hoskins, Richard Klasa, Paul Klimo, Susan E. O’Reilly, Simon Sutcliffe, Joseph M. Connors
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

To evaluate clinical outcome of patients with limited-stage diffuse large-cell lymphoma (DLCL) treated with three cycles of chemotherapy followed by involved-region irradiation (IRRT).Adults with limited-stage DLCL were treated with brief doxorubicin-containing chemotherapy regimens between 1980 and 1998. IRRT was administered 3 to 4 weeks after the third chemotherapy treatment in a dose equivalent to 30 Gy in 10 fractions.Three hundred and eight patients (median age, 64 years) were included, and 299 experienced complete remission. After a median follow-up of 86 months, 64 patients developed progressive disease, and 104 patients died (43 from lymphoma, three from toxicity, and 58 from other causes). Actuarial overall and progression-free survival (PFS) rates were, respectively, 80% and 81% at 5 years and 63% and 74% at 10 years. For subgroups identified using the Miller modification of the International Prognostic Index (IPI), the overall survival rates at 5 and 10 years were, respectively, 97% and 89% (no factors), 77% and 56% (one or two factors), and 58% and 48% (three or four factors), and the 5-year and 10-year PFS rates were, respectively, 94% and 89% (no factors), 79% and 73% (one or two factors), and 60% and 50% (three or four factors). Men with testicular presentation, had a definitely inferior outcome.Long-term outcome with three cycles of doxorubicin-based chemotherapy and IRRT confirms that this is a successful approach for the majority of patients with limited-stage DLCL. Subgroups with worse prognoses can be identified, and these patients should be offered alternative treatment approaches.
Citations
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Surgical Anatomy and Operative Surgery.
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Preventing the spread of HIV infection.
Authors: A E Singaratnam, F Boag, S E Barton, D A Hawkins, A G Lawrence
Journal: BMJ (1991)

patients are to be tested then surgeons must also be tested.We presume therefore that the Royal College of Surgeons will also support the compulsory testing of the surgeon in order to "secure the safety" of the patient.If surgeons will not accept this they will request HIV serology on their patients in vain, for many microbiologists will refuse to perform the test.
Bioavailability of ascorbic acid in orange juice
Authors: I. Horowitz
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Several orange-juice preparations were analyzed for biologically active and inactive ascorbic acid derivatives—L-ascorbic acid, dehydro-L-ascorbic acid, and inactive 2,3-diketo-L-gulonic acid. Fresh orange juice contained from 4 to 7 mg/100 ml of inactive ascorbic acid. In contrast, pasteurized orange juice contained from 15 to 30 mg/100 ml of inactive ascorbic acid (up to 400% more than fresh orange juice). Samples of fresh orange juice contained as much as 100% more active ascorbic acid than samples of pasteurized orange juice. There is great variability in prepared orange-juice derivatives with a substantial decrease in bioavailability of active ascorbic acid. (<i>JAMA</i>235:2624-2625, 1976)
Space motion sickness, hearing loss, and bifocals meet their match in vestibular system's plasticity
Authors: T. Randall
Journal: JAMA (1991)

MORE THAN HALF of all people who have traveled in space have experienced some form of motion sickness. This is no surprise to many researchers, given that the vestibular system, so finely tuned to respond to gravitational forces and visual cues on earth, is suddenly stripped of these familiar inputs in space. What has fascinated many scientists, however, is that these unpleasant symptoms vanish after a few days in space. Without any conscious effort, astronauts make behavioral changes that reduce their sensations of disorientation and motion sickness. For example, if astronauts want to view an object in their peripheral vision, rather than fixating on the object and then moving their head, as they would do on earth, they will unconsciously rotate their body with their head and then fixate on the object after it comes more centrally into view. <h3>Coming Down to Earth</h3> But not only does the astronaut's vestibular
Hautarzt, Berlir
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Nosocomial aseptic meningitis associated with administration of OKT3
Authors: M A Martin, R M Massanari, D D Nghiem, J L Smith, R J Corry
Journal: JAMA (1988)

An outbreak of nosocomial aseptic meningitis involving four renal allograft recipients on the transplant service occurred in July 1986, shortly after the release of the murine monoclonal antibody OKT3 for therapy for acute allograft rejection. No bacteria, fungi, or viruses were isolated from cultures of the cerebrospinal fluid of the four patients. All four had acute allograft rejection treated with OKT3 and developed signs and/or symptoms of meningitis within 72 hours of receiving the drug. To identify potential risk factors, the four patients with aseptic meningitis were compared with 12 patients on the renal transplant service in July 1986 who did not have signs or symptoms of meningitis. The development of aseptic meningitis was strongly associated with administration of OKT3. Because of this association, prospective surveillance of meningitis in patients receiving OKT3 was instituted. From November 1986 to May 1987, three (14%) of 21 patients treated with OKT3 developed aseptic meningitis. The clinical course of aseptic meningitis associated with OKT3 appears to be benign and self-limited. Nonetheless, this observation warrants continued surveillance of OKT3 therapy.
MALARIAL COMA
Authors: CONLEY H.  SANFORD, P. T.  CRAWFORD, OTIS S.  WARR JR.
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1940)

Article1 July 1940MALARIAL COMACONLEY H. SANFORD, M.D., F.A.C.P., P. T. CRAWFORD, M.D., OTIS S. WARR JR., M.D.CONLEY H. SANFORD, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, P. T. CRAWFORD, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, OTIS S. WARR JR., M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-14-1-72 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptComa as the presenting manifestation of disease is a challenge to the diagnostic and therapeutic skill of the physician. This is true not only because coma is often of serious omen but also because an informant is frequently not present and little or nothing can be learned of the history of the illness. The physician must depend in many instances, therefore, on objective findings alone.The records of all patients admitted in coma to the John Gaston Hospital during the past five years have been reviewed. Of 73,782 admissions, 1,021 were comatose, an incidence of 1.4 per cent.Many of...References1. SOLOMON P: The causes, diagnosis and proper handling of coma, Med. Clin. N. Am., 1938, xxii, 617. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. HEGNER R: Relative frequency of ring-stage plasmodium in reticulocytes and mature erythrocytes in man and monkey, Am. Jr. Hyg., 1938, xxvii, 690. Google Scholar3. HINGST HE: Plasmodium Falciparum Welch, 1897. Does direct division of the parasite precede schizogony? Am. Jr. Trop. Med., 1930, xiv, 325. Google Scholar4. BASS CC: A discussion of the manner in which cerebral malaria is produced, Trans. Assoc. Am. Phys., 1913, xxviii, 683. Google Scholar5. BASS CC: Malaria, Tice Practice of Medicine, 1920, iii, 551, W. F. Prior Co., Inc., Hagerstown, Md. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Memphis, Tennessee*Read at the Cleveland meeting of the American College of Physicians April 3, 1940.From the Departments of Medicine, University of Tennessee College of Medicine, and John Gaston Hospital. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1940Volume 14, Issue 1Page: 72-77KeywordsComaHospital medicine ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 July 1940 PDF downloadLoading ...
The International Medical Annual: A Year Book of Treatment and Practitioner's Index, 1933, Fifty-First Year.
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Progress toward global measles control and elimination, 1990-1996
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal