tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Dismal rehabilitation in geriatric inner-city hemodialysis patients
Authors: O. Ifudu
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To assess the extent of functional and vocational rehabilitation achieved by elderly inner-city patients sustained on maintenance hemodialysis. <h3>Design.</h3> —Inception cohort study of elderly patients who have end-stage renal disease using a modified Karnofsky rating system. The need for a wheelchair, participation in household activities, and effect of comorbid conditions were noted. Current status was compared with patient's recollection of functional activity level 2 years before commencing maintenance hemodialysis. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Seven outpatient, hospital-affiliated and private hemodialysis units in Brooklyn, NY. <h3>Patients.</h3> —One hundred four patients aged 65 years or older who were receiving maintenance hemodialysis for at least 6 months. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —A score of 76 or greater on a modified Karnofsky scale indicated independent function at a level that permitted participation in activities beyond those mandated by the hemodialysis regimen. A comorbidity score 6 or greater on a newly constructed index correlated with severe debility. Employment status was also recorded. <h3>Results.</h3> —Present functional activity had deteriorated to a modified Karnofsky score of 66±12.3 (±SD) compared with patients' recollection of a mean score of 84±14.3 (<i>P</i>&lt;.001) 2 years before initiation of hemodialysis. Diabetic patients had a lower score than nondiabetic patients. The mean comorbidity index of the entire study group was 7.8±2.9 (mean±SD). Within the diabetic subset, severe debility constrained 71 patients (68%) to limit all activity to their residence with the exception of travel to and from their dialysis facility. By contrast, 2 years prior to commencing dialytic therapy, 81 diabetic patients (78%) had interests and activities that took them outside their homes (<i>P</i>&lt;.001). Generalized weakness was the most common explanation given for the lack of outside activity by nine patients (9%) who were wheelchair bound. Erythropoietin, though regularly administered to 87 patients (84%) in the study group, was unsuccessful in raising mean hematocrit reading above 0.28±0.05 (mean±SD). <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Maintenance hemodialysis does not return inner-city elderly patients to their predialysis level of functioning. Few elderly, diabetic hemodialysis patients conduct any substantive portion of their lives outside their homes. For nondiabetic patients, the modified Karnofsky score of whites (70.4±11.9) and blacks (66.5±15.3), though low, was equivalent (<i>P</i>&lt;.4). (<i>JAMA</i>. 1994;271:29-33)
Booknote
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Failure of corticosteroid test in the differential diagnosis of jaundice
Authors: G. I. Loutfi
Journal: JAMA (1966)

The differential diagnosis of jaundice is often a challenge to the clinician, and in recent years numerous laboratory tests have been proposed. In an analysis of 200 cases of jaundice, Berkowitz<sup>1</sup>found an overall diagnostic accuracy of 76% with only a 33% accuracy in cases with intrahepatic obstruction. Steroids and corticotropin were found to be effective in lowering the concentration of serum bilirubin in patients with acute viral hepatitis associated with features suggesting biliary obstruction. Hence it has been suggested that these drugs can be beneficially used under such circumstances as a diagnostic test. Evaluation of the corticotropin (ACTH) test in the differential diagnosis of jaundice<sup>2</sup>indicated that this four-day test has a limited usefulness because it shows a moderate overlap between patients with medical and surgical jaundice. More recently, Summerskill et al<sup>3</sup>found that a 40% decrease in serum bilirubin concentration occurred in four to six
Erratum: Corrigendum: The draft genomes of soft-shell turtle and green sea turtle yield insights into the development and evolution of the turtle-specific body plan
Authors: Zhuo Wang, Juan Pascual-Anaya, Amonida Zadissa, Wenqi Li, Yoshihito Niimura, Zhiyong Huang, Chunyi Li, Simon White, Zhiqiang Xiong, Dongming Fang, Bo Wang, Yao Ming, Yan Chen, Yuan Zheng, Shigehiro Kuraku, Miguel Pignatelli, Javier Herrero, Kathryn Beal, Masafumi Nozawa, Qiye Li, Juan Wang, Hongyan Zhang, Lili Yu, Shuji Shigenobu, Junyi Wang, Jiannan Liu, Paul Flicek, Steve Searle, Jun Wang, Shigeru Kuratani, Ye Yin, Bronwen Aken, Guojie Zhang, Naoki Irie
Journal: Nature Genetics (2014)
Hereditary Deafness in Man
Authors: Bruce W. Konigsmark
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

HEREDITARY hearing loss appears in many forms. It can be transmitted dominantly as Waardenburg's disease, recessively as Pendred's disease or sex-linked as the congenital sex-linked deafness of Parker. It may be either conductive, as in Treacher–Collins disease, or neural, as in recessive congenital deafness. The time of onset may be congenital, as in Waardenburg's disease, in the teens, as in Alport's disease, or in adult life, as otosclerosis. The frequencies affected can be determined genetically and may take the form of a dominant low-frequency hearing loss,1 a mid-frequency hearing loss2 or a high-frequency hearing loss.3 The simplest organization of types . . .
Gene Expression Profiling of Facilitated L-LTP in VP16-CREB Mice Reveals that BDNF Is Critical for the Maintenance of LTP and Its Synaptic Capture
Authors: Angel Barco, Susan L. Patterson, Juan M. Alarcon, Petra Gromova, Manuel Mata-Roig, Alexei Morozov, Eric R. Kandel
Journal: Neuron (2011)
Liver and Brain Scan Use
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Error in Results Section
Authors: Alain Braillon
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2016)

Benjamin H. Kann, MD; Henry S. Park, MD, MPH; Nataniel H. Lester-Coll, MD; Debra N. Yeboa, MD; Viviana Benitez, MD; Atif J. Khan, MD; Ranjit S. Bindra, MD, PhD; Asher M. Marks, MD; Kenneth B. Roberts, MD
Paludrine
Authors: E. S. Walls
Journal: BMJ (1948)

JOURNLcase of failure no harm has been done.Where the baby lives far from a hospital the method can be life-saving, as I think the histories of my two cases prove.Case 1.-October, 1943.The patient, a white girl of 17 months, was a strong healthy baby.She wakened at 6 a.m.screaming with pain, vomited a little clear fluid, refused food, and during the rest of the morning slept between attacks of crying with pain.Early in the afternoon a little blood-stained mucus was found on her diaper.When I saw her soon afterwards she was pale and col- lapsed, with a weak, rapid pulse but no fever.Her mother told me that when rubbing the baby's abdomen in an attempt to ease
Parenteral Nutrition
Authors: Ioana Baiu, David A. Spain
Journal: JAMA (2019)

Parenteral NutritionNutrition is essential to health and can be provided via the bloodstream if necessary. NutritionGood nutrition is essential to growth, healing, and vitality.The body requires specific amounts of carbohydrates, protein, fat, vitamins, and minerals depending on body weight and other considerations.For a variety of reasons, in some people, gastrointestinal function is not adequate to obtain necessary nutrients and fluid from food alone.In these circumstances, nutrition can be provided directly into the veins (parenteral nutrition, distinguished from enteral nutrition, which is provided through the gut).Adequate hydration must be provided, but many patients can be without nutrition for up to 7 days.However, depending on the circumstances, nutrition might need to be started sooner.
Evaluation of Potential Health Effects Associated with Serum Polychlorinated Biphenyl Levels
Authors: Paul A. Stehr-Green, Edith Welty, Greg Steele, Karen Steinberg
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1986)

In late 1983, we conducted a cross-sectional epidemiologic study to evaluate persons at risk of exposure to three chemical waste sites by comparing clinical disease end points and clinical chemistry parameters with serum polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) levels. A total of 106 individuals participated in the study. The only statistically significant finding in regard to self-reported, physician-diagnosed health problems was a dose-response relationship between serum PCB levels and the occurrence of high blood pressure; however, this association failed to achieve statistical significance (p = 0.08) when we controlled for possible confounding effects of both age and smoking. Serum triglyceride and cholesterol levels were also higher in the group with elevated serum PCBs; additionally, there were isolated statistically significant correlations of serum aspartate aminotransferase (SGOT) with serum lipid fraction-adjusted PCB level (r = -0.21) and serum albumin (r = -0.24) and total bilirubin (r = 0.30) with serum PCB level. Although the ranges of serum levels reported herein from exposures to PCBs in the general environment are lower than those that have been associated with acute symptoms or illness in other studies, whether these levels are associated with long-term health risks is not known. Associations of such chronic, low-dose exposures with observable health effects as suggested by this study must be evaluated further before any final conclusions can be drawn.
Preventive cardiologists unready to declare victory in war against coronary heart disease
Authors: C. Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1989)

HEART DISEASE mortality in the United States has been falling by about 3% per year since the mid-1960s. But the message from the Second International Conference on Preventive Cardiology is: "This is no time to relax." Two decades ago, the United States had the second highest mortality from coronary heart disease in the world, exceeded only by Finland. Today, the United States ranks 15th in this regard. During the preventive cardiology conference in Washington, DC, Jeremiah Stamler, MD, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Ill, pointed out that, among men in the United States, there has been a 50% reduction in mortality from coronary heart disease during this period and an even greater reduction in mortality from stroke. Nor is it limited to men, he says: "It is seen in women also, in blacks and whites, across the entire age span from 35 to 84 years." <h3>Decline Uneven</h3> But heart disease
Emergency Contraception
Authors: David A. Grimes, Elizabeth G. Raymond
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

Letters4 February 2003Emergency ContraceptionDavid A. Grimes, MD and Elizabeth G. Raymond, MD, MPHDavid A. Grimes, MDFamily Health International Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 (Grimes, Raymond)Search for more papers by this author and Elizabeth G. Raymond, MD, MPHFamily Health International Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 (Grimes, Raymond)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-138-3-200302040-00025 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Dr. Miller apparently disagrees with the internationally accepted definition of the beginning of pregnancy that we used in our review. Major medical organizations (1) as well as the federal government (2) concur that implantation defines the beginning of pregnancy. Fertilization is a necessary but insufficient step toward establishing pregnancy.An in vitro fertilization example may help to clarify this point. Assume that a woman from Dr. Miller's hometown of Hickory has successful in vitro fertilization in a medical center in Charlotte, North Carolina, 64 miles distant. An egg and sperm unite in a Petri dish, leading to a ...References1. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Obstetric-Gynecologic Terminology. Philadelphia: FA Davis; 1972:299, 327. Google Scholar2. Protection of human subjects. 45 C.F.R. Sect. 46 (1983). Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: David A. Grimes, MD; Elizabeth G. Raymond, MD, MPHAffiliations: Family Health International Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 (Grimes, Raymond) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoEmergency Contraception David A. Grimes and Elizabeth G. Raymond Emergency Contraception Douglas P. Miller Metrics Cited byEditorial: Geriatricians, Continuous Quality Improvement, and Improved Care for Older Persons 4 February 2003Volume 138, Issue 3Page: 238KeywordsContraceptivesGeneticsIn vitro fertilizationOvulationPregnancySpermUterus ePublished: 4 February 2003 Issue Published: 4 February 2003 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2003 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Alzheimer
Authors: A. Mark Clarfield, Mortimer B. Davis
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A phase II study of onvansertib (PCM-075) in combination with abiraterone and prednisone in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
Authors: David Johnson Einstein, Atish Dipankar Choudhury, Philip James Saylor, Lillian Werner, Mark G. Erlander, Maya Ridinger, Glenn Bubley
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

TPS336 Background: Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Although abiraterone (abi) in either the castration-sensitive or castration-resistant setting increases survival, resistance is universal and limits the efficacy of subsequent hormonal therapies. Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) is a serine/threonine protein kinase that regulates mitotic functions and promotes the progression of cells through mitosis, and it is highly upregulated in prostate cancer following castration. PLK1 inhibition enhances the efficacy of abi in cell line models as well as patient-derived tumor xenografts via several mechanisms. Onvansertib (PCM-075; Trovagene, Inc.) is the first orally available PLK1-specific inhibitor. In phase 1 testing, onvansertib demonstrated a manageable safety profile, with transient hematologic effects as its most prominent, yet reversible, toxicity. Methods: The goal of this phase 2 study (NCT03414034) is to observe the effects of onvansertib in combination with abi + prednisone on disease control, as assessed by prostate-specific antigen (PSA) decline or stabilization after 12 weeks of study treatment, in subjects with mCRPC and early resistance to abi. Patients will be enrolled at time of PSA progression while on standard abi. A completed 3-patient safety lead-in phase tested the safety of the combination of onvansertib with abi, and the accruing expansion phase will treat 29 more patients with onvansertib (24 mg/m 2 orally on days 1-5 of a 21-day cycle) plus abi (administered orally and continuously once daily with prednisone) until time of radiographic or symptomatic progression. With 32 patients, there will be 90% power to detect a change in disease-control rate from 10% (null) to 30% (alternative). Based on a Simon’s two-stage optimal design, the study will terminate early if &lt; 2 of the first 13 patients achieve disease control. Exploratory analyses include evaluations of predictive genomic biomarkers in circulating tumor cells and circulating tumor DNA, including alterations of oncogenes and tumor suppressors implicated in PLK1 sensitivity within preclinical models. Clinical trial information: NCT03414034.
SCID
Authors: Richard B. Johnston
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
JAMA, India
Authors: I. Thomas
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Recognizing a need for physicians continuously to stay abreast of medical research, and encouraged by concerned ministries of the Indian government, Dr J. K. Jain, in April 1987, launched<i>JAMA, India</i>. Dr Jain, the editor and publisher of this new journal, is involved in many projects dealing with organized medicine and medical education. He is former president of the New Delhi branch of the Indian Medical Association, and most recently he has been the principal force behind Medical Television, the first project of its kind in India, providing video films on medicine, health, and family planning for both national television and professional institutions. The editorial board of<i>JAMA, India</i>includes Dr G. K. Vishvakarma, director, General Health Services, government of India; Dr A. K. N. Sinha, president, Medical Council of India; and Col M. L. Sapra, VSM, directorate general, Armed Forces Medical Services. Other facets of organized medicine are represented
Essentials of Bacteriology, Being a Concise and Systematic Introduction to the Study of Micro-organisms, for the use of Students and Practitioners.
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Time course of recovery of coronary endothelial function in patients after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty Hassan El-Tamimi, Michael Mansoor, Thomas J. Wargovich, Uma M. Krishnan, Krit Jongnaransin, Fade Mahmoud, Carl J. Pepine. Michigan State University, E. Lansing, MI, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Dopamine Function in Lesch-Nyhan Disease
Authors: William L. Nyhan
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

Lesch-Nyhan disease is a disorder of purine metabolism resulting from mutations in the gene for hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase on the X chromosome.It is characterized by hyperuricemia and all of its consequences, as in gout; but in addition, patients have impressive disease of the central nervous system.This includes spasticity, involuntary movements, and retardation of motor development.The behavioral phenotype is best remembered by self-injurious biting behavior with attendant destruction of tissue.The connection between aberrant metabolism of purines and these neurologic and behavioral features of the disease is not clear.Increasing evidence points to imbalance of neurotransmitters.There is increased excretion of the serotonin metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in the urine.There are decreased quantities and activities of a number of dopaminergic functions.Positron emission tomography scanning has indicated deficiency in the dopamine transporter.