tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Hospital Outcomes for Patients Treated by Allopathic Versus Osteopathic Hospitalists
Authors: Atsushi Miyawaki, Anupam B. Jena, Nate Gross, Yusuke Tsugawa
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2023)

The United States has 2 types of degree programs that educate physicians: allopathic and osteopathic medical schools.To determine whether quality and costs of care differ between hospitalized Medicare patients treated by allopathic or osteopathic physicians.Retrospective observational study.Medicare claims data.20% random sample of Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries hospitalized with a medical condition during 2016 to 2019 and treated by hospitalists.The primary outcome was 30-day patient mortality. The secondary outcomes were 30-day readmission, length of stay (LOS), and health care spending (Part B spending). Multivariable regression models adjusted for patient and physician characteristics and their hospital-level averages (to effectively estimate differences within hospitals) were estimated.Of 329 510 Medicare admissions, 253 670 (77.0%) and 75 840 (23.0%) received care from allopathic and osteopathic physicians, respectively. The results can rule out important differences in quality and costs of care between allopathic versus osteopathic physicians for patient mortality (adjusted mortality, 9.4% for allopathic physicians vs. 9.5% [reference] for osteopathic hospitalists; average marginal effect [AME], -0.1 percentage point [95% CI, -0.4 to 0.1 percentage point]; P = 0.36), readmission (15.7% vs. 15.6%; AME, 0.1 percentage point [CI, -0.4 to 0.3 percentage point; P = 0.72), LOS (4.5 vs. 4.5 days; adjusted difference, -0.001 day [CI, -0.04 to 0.04 day]; P = 0.96), and health care spending ($1004 vs. $1003; adjusted difference, $1 [CI, -$8 to $10]; P = 0.85).Data were limited to elderly Medicare patients hospitalized with medical conditions.The quality and costs of care were similar between allopathic and osteopathic hospitalists when they cared for elderly patients and worked as the principal physician in a team of health care professionals that often included other allopathic and osteopathic physicians.National Institutes of Health/National Institute on Aging.
Propagative α-synuclein seeds as serum biomarkers for synucleinopathies
Authors: Ayami Okuzumi, Taku Hatano, Gen Matsumoto, Shuko Nojiri, Shin-ichi Ueno, Yoko Imamichi-Tatano, Haruka Kimura, Soichiro Kakuta, Akihide Kondo, Takeshi Fukuhara, Yuanzhe Li, Manabu Funayama, Shinji Saiki, Daisuke Taniguchi, Taiji Tsunemi, Deborah McIntyre, Jean-Jacques Gérardy, Michel Mittelbronn, Rejko Kruger, Yasuo Uchiyama, Nobuyuki Nukina, Nobutaka Hattori
Journal: Nature Medicine (2023)

Abnormal α-synuclein aggregation is a key pathological feature of a group of neurodegenerative diseases known as synucleinopathies, which include Parkinson's disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies and multiple system atrophy (MSA). The pathogenic β-sheet seed conformation of α-synuclein is found in various tissues, suggesting potential as a biomarker, but few studies have been able to reliably detect these seeds in serum samples. In this study, we developed a modified assay system, called immunoprecipitation-based real-time quaking-induced conversion (IP/RT-QuIC), which enables the detection of pathogenic α-synuclein seeds in the serum of individuals with synucleinopathies. In our internal first and second cohorts, IP/RT-QuIC showed high diagnostic performance for differentiating PD versus controls (area under the curve (AUC): 0.96 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.95-0.99)/AUC: 0.93 (95% CI 0.84-1.00)) and MSA versus controls (AUC: 0.64 (95% CI 0.49-0.79)/AUC: 0.73 (95% CI 0.49-0.98)). IP/RT-QuIC also showed high diagnostic performance in differentiating individuals with PD (AUC: 0.86 (95% CI 0.74-0.99)) and MSA (AUC: 0.80 (95% CI 0.65-0.97)) from controls in a blinded external cohort. Notably, amplified seeds maintained disease-specific properties, allowing the differentiation of samples from individuals with PD versus MSA. In summary, here we present a novel platform that may allow the detection of individuals with synucleinopathies using serum samples.
Williams–Beuren Syndrome
Authors: Barbara R. Pober
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

Williams–Beuren syndrome, a multisystem disorder caused by the deletion of a chromosome region of 1.5 million to 1.8 million base pairs containing 26 to 28 genes, is a disorder of microdeletion or contiguous gene deletion. This review covers current understanding of the biology of this disorder.
Dual human iPSC-derived cardiac lineage cell-seeding extracellular matrix patches promote regeneration and long-term repair of infarcted hearts
Authors: Yun Jiang, Ling-Ling Zhang, Fan Zhang, Wei Bi, Peng Zhang, Xiu-Jian Yu, Sen-Le Rao, Shi-Hui Wang, Qiang Li, Chen Ding, Ying Jin, Zhong-Min Liu, Huang-Tian Yang
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2023)

Human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiovascular progenitor cells (hCVPCs) and cardiomyocytes (hCMs) possess therapeutic potential for infarcted hearts; however, their efficacy needs to be enhanced. Here we tested the hypotheses that the combination of decellularized porcine small intestinal submucosal extracellular matrix (SIS-ECM) with hCVPCs, hCMs, or dual of them (Mix, 1:1) could provide better therapeutic effects than the SIS alone, and dual hCVPCs with hCMs would exert synergic effects in cardiac repair. The data showed that the SIS patch well supported the growth of hCVPCs and hCMs. Epicardially implanted SIS-hCVPC, SIS-hCM, or SIS-Mix patches at 7-day post-myocardial infarction significantly ameliorated functional worsening, ventricular dilation and scar formation at 28- and 90-day post-implantation in C57/B6 mice, whereas the SIS only mildly improved function at 90-day post-implantation. Moreover, the SIS and SIS-cell patches improved vascularization and suppressed MI-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and expression of Col1 and Col3, but only the SIS-hCM and the SIS-Mix patches increased the ratio of collagen III/I fibers in the infarcted hearts. Further, the SIS-cell patches stimulated cardiomyocyte proliferation via paracrine action. Notably, the SIS-Mix had better improvements in cardiac function and structure, engraftments, and cardiomyocyte proliferation. Proteomic analysis showed distinct biological functions of exclusive proteins secreted from hCVPCs and hCMs, and more exclusive proteins secreted from co-cultivated hCVPCs and hCMs than mono-cells involving in various functional processes essential for infarct repair. These findings are the first to demonstrate the efficacy and mechanisms of mono- and dual-hCVPC- and hCM-seeding SIS-ECM for repair of infarcted hearts based on the side-by-side comparison.
Transversus thoracic muscle plane block for pain during cardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jian-jun Xue, Yi-yang Cui, Jason W. Busse, Long Ge, Ting Zhou, Wei-hua Huang, Sheng-shuang Ding, Jie Zhang, Ke-hu Yang
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

Study Objective: The role of transversus thoracic muscle plane blocks (TTMPBs) during cardiac surgery is controversial. We conducted a systematic review to establish the effectiveness of this procedure. Design: Systematic review. We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CENTRAL, WanFang Data, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure to June 2022, and followed the GRADE approach to evaluate the certainty of evidence. Study Eligibility Criteria: Eligible studies enrolled adult patients scheduled to undergo cardiac surgery and randomized them to receive a TTMPB or no block/sham block. Main Results: Nine trials that enrolled 454 participants were included. Compared to no block/sham block, moderate certainty evidence found that TTMPB probably reduces postoperative pain at rest at 12h (weighted mean difference [WMD] −1.51 cm on a 10 cm visual analogue scale for pain, 95% CI -2.02 to -1.00; risk difference [RD] for achieving mild pain or less (≤3 cm), 41%, 95%CI 17 to 65) and 24h (WMD −1.07 cm, 95%CI −1.83 to −0.32; RD 26%, 95%CI 9 to 37). Moderate certainty evidence also supported that TTMPB probably reduces pain during movement at 12h (WMD -3.42 cm, 95%CI −4.47 to −2.37; RD 46%, 95%CI 12 to 80) and at 24h (WMD −1.73 cm, 95%CI −3.24 to −0.21; RD 32%, 95%CI 5 to 59), intraoperative opioid use (WMD −28 milligram morphine equivalent [MME], 95%CI −42 to −15), postoperative opioid consumption (WMD −17 MME, 95%CI −29 to −5), postoperative nausea and vomiting (absolute risk difference 255 less per 1000 persons, 95%CI 140 to 314), and ICU length of stay (WMD −13 h, 95%CI −21 to −6). Conclusion: Moderate certainty evidence showed TTMPB during cardiac surgery probably reduces postoperative pain at rest and with movement, opioid consumption, ICU length of stay, and the incidence of nausea and vomiting.
Unrevealing the connection between real sample analysis and analytical method. The case of cytokines
Authors: Maria‐Bianca Irimeș, Mihaela Tertiș, Radu Oprean, Cecilia Cristea
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2023)

Cytokines are compounds that belong to a special class of signaling biomolecules that are responsible for several functions in the human body, being involved in cell growth, inflammatory, and neoplastic processes. Thus, they represent valuable biomarkers for diagnosing and drug therapy monitoring certain medical conditions. Because cytokines are secreted in the human body, they can be detected in both conventional samples, such as blood or urine, but also in samples less used in medical practice such as sweat or saliva. As the importance of cytokines was identified, various analytical methods for their determination in biological fluids were reported. The gold standard in cytokine detection is considered the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method and the most recent ones have been considered and compared in this study. It is known that the conventional methods are accompanied by a few disadvantages that new methods of analysis, especially electrochemical sensors, are trying to overcome. Electrochemical sensors proved to be suited for the elaboration of integrated, portable, and wearable sensing devices, which could also facilitate cytokines determination in medical practice.
Does major pathological response after neoadjuvant Immunotherapy in resectable nonsmall-cell lung cancers predict prognosis? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yujia Chen, Jianjun Qin, Yajing Wu, Qiang Lin, Jianing Wang, Wei Zhang, Fei Liang, Zhouguang Hui, Min Zhao, Jun Wang
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

Overall survival is the gold-standard outcome measure for phase 3 trials, but the need for a long follow-up period can delay the translation of potentially effective treatment to clinical practice. The validity of major pathological response (MPR) as a surrogate of survival for non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after neoadjuvant immunotherapy remains unclear.
Prediction values of tertiary lymphoid structures in the prognosis of patients with left- and right-sided colon cancer: a multicenter propensity score-matched study
Authors: Yonghuan Mao, Xingzhou Wang, Ling Xi, Meng Dong, Peng Song, Ji Miao, Cheng Lu, Sizheng Sun, Qiang Li, Chunzhao Yu, Xiaofei Shen
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) are the lymphocyte aggregates that play a key role in the vast majority of solid tumors including colon cancer, displaying an antitumor effect under most circumstances. The heterogeneity between left- and right-sided colon cancer (LCC and RCC) encompasses various aspects, such as clinical manifestations, pathological features, and immune responses. However, the function and prognostic significance of TLS within LCC and RCC have yet to be fully understood.A retrospective analysis was performed on 2612 patients who underwent radical resection for LCC or RCC without distant metastasis in multiple medical centers. Utilizing propensity score matching, 121 patients with LCC and 121 patients with RCC were selected for the training set. An external validation set including 64 patients with LCC and 64 patients with RCC were also employed. Hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemical staining were used to assess TLS and the proportion of various immune cells. Clinical characteristics and prognostic values of TLS in patients with LCC and RCC were analyzed. Nomograms were constructed for LCC and RCC to predict 3-year and 5-year overall survival (OS), respectively.For LCC and RCC patients, TLS was located in the interstitial region or outside the tumor tissue and mainly consisted of B cells and T cells. The TLS quantity and density in RCC were higher than those of LCC. In multivariate Cox regression analysis, TLS density ( P =0.014), vascular invasion ( P =0.019), and AJCC stage ( P =0.026) were independent prognostic factors for 5-year OS of RCC. For LCC patients, AJCC stage ( P =0.024), tumor differentiation ( P =0.001), and tumor budding ( P =0.040) emerged as independent prognostic factors for 5-year OS. Similar results were obtained in the external verification set. Separate nomograms for RCC and LCC were developed, displaying improved prediction performance compared to the AJCC 8th edition TNM staging system.Differences in TLS quantity and density were observed between LCC and RCC, suggesting that a nomogram based on TLS density could more effectively predict survival for RCC patients. Furthermore, a nomogram based on tumor budding was recommended for better prediction of LCC patient survival. Taken together, these results suggested that the immune and clinical characteristics of colon cancer at left and right side were substantially different, which may lead to the use of different prediction model and the development of individual treatment strategy.
WHO declares the end of the COVID-19 global health emergency: lessons and recommendations from the perspective of ChatGPT/GPT-4
Authors: Kunming Cheng, Chunchun Wu, Shuqin Gu, Yanqiu Lu, Haiyang Wu, Cheng Li
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

Cheng, Kunming; Wu, Chunchun; Gu, Shuqin; Lu, Yanqiu; Wu, Haiyang; Li, Cheng Author Information
Epidemiological updates of post-traumatic related limb osteomyelitis in china: a 10 years multicentre cohort study
Authors: YouLiang Ren, Lei Liu, Dong Sun, ZhengDong Zhang, Meng Li, Xu Lan, JiangDong Ni, Ming-Ming Yan, Wei Huang, Zi-Ming Liu, AQin Peng, YanLong Zhang, Nan Jiang, KeGuan Song, ZhiPeng Huang, Qing Bi, Jun Zhang, Qun Yang, Jun Yang, Yi Liu, Wei Fu, XiaoBin Tian, YuanZheng Wang, WanRun Zhong, XingHua Song, Abuduxukuer Abudurexiti, ZhiLin Xia, Qing Jiang, HongFei Shi, XiMing Liu, GuoDong Wang, YunSheng Hu, YunFei Zhang, GuoYong Yin, Jin Fan, ShiQing Feng, XianHu Zhou, ZhengDao Li, WenBin He, Jason Weeks, Edward M Schwarz, Stephen L Kates, Lei Huang, YiMin Chai, MD Bin Yu, Zhao Xie, ZhongLiang Deng, Chao Xie
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

Post-traumatic related limb osteomyelitis (PTRLO) is a complex bone infection. Currently, there are no available microbial data on a national scale that can guide appropriate antibiotic selection, and explore the dynamic changes in dominant pathogens over time. This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive epidemiological analysis of PTRLO in China.The study was approved by the Institutional Research Board (IRB), and 3526 PTRLO patients were identified from 212 394 traumatic limb fracture patients at 21 hospitals between 1 January 2008 and 31 December 2017. A retrospective analysis was conducted to investigate the epidemiology of PTRLO, including changes in infection rate (IR), pathogens, infection risk factors and antibiotic resistance and sensitivity.The IR of PTRLO increased gradually from 0.93 to 2.16% (Z=14.392, P <0.001). Monomicrobial infection (82.6%) was significantly higher than polymicrobial infection (17.4%) ( P <0.001). The IR of Gram-positive (GP) and Gram-negative (GN) pathogens showed a significant increase from the lowest 0.41% to the highest 1.15% (GP) or 1.62% (GN), respectively. However, the longitudinal trend of GP vs. GN's composition did not show any significance (Z=±1.1918, P >0.05). The most prevalent GP strains were Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) (17.03%), Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (10.46%), E. faecalis (5.19%) and S. epidermidis (4.87%). In contrast, the dominant strains GN strains were Pseudomonas Aeruginosa (10.92%), E. cloacae (10.34%), E. coli (9.47%), Acinetobacter Baumannii (7.92%) and Klebsiella Pneumoniae (3.33%). In general, the high-risk factors for polymicrobial infection include opened-fracture (odds ratio, 2.223), hypoproteinemia (odds ratio, 2.328), and multiple fractures (odds ratio, 1.465). It is important to note that the antibiotics resistance and sensitivity analysis of the pathogens may be influenced by complications or comorbidities.This study provides the latest data of PTRLO in China and offers trustworthy guidelines for clinical practice. (China Clinical Trials.gov number, ChiCTR1800017597).
Coagulation meets senescence in NASH!
Authors: Aina Anton, Sarah Shalaby, Virginia Hernández-Gea
Journal: Hepatology (2023)

1Barcelona Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic Barcelona. Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Spain 2University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain Editorial for HEP-23-0182.R1 "Targeting senescent hepatocyte using the THBD-PAR1 Inhibitor Vorapaxar ameliorates NAFLD progression": Correspondence Virginia Hernández-Gea, Barcelona Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel 170, Barcelona 08036, Spain. Email: [email protected]
Reassessing antiviral treatment criteria for chronic hepatitis B
Authors: James Lok, Geoffrey Dusheiko
Journal: Hepatology (2023)

Kings College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London SE59RS, United Kingdom Geoffrey Dusheiko advises GSK, Vir, Janssen, Aligos, Arbutus, and Precision Biosciences. He consults for Roche. Correspondence Geoffrey Dusheiko, Kings College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London SE59RS, United Kingdom. Email: [email protected]
Significant increase of high-risk chromosome 1q gain and 6q loss at recurrence in posterior fossa group A ependymoma: A multicenter study
Authors: Andrew M Donson, Kelsey C Bertrand, Kent A Riemondy, Dexiang Gao, Yonghua Zhuang, Bridget Sanford, Gregory A Norris, Rebecca J Chapman, Rui Fu, Nicholas Willard, Andrea M Griesinger, Graziella Ribeiro de Sousa, Vladimir Amani, Enrique Grimaldo, Todd C Hankinson, Ffyona Booker, Martin Sill, Richard G Grundy, Kristian W Pajtler, David W Ellison, Nicholas K Foreman, Timothy A Ritzmann
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2023)

Abstract Background Ependymoma (EPN) posterior fossa group A (PFA) has the highest rate of recurrence and the worst prognosis of all EPN molecular groups. At relapse, it is typically incurable even with re-resection and re-irradiation. The biology of recurrent PFA remains largely unknown; however, the increasing use of surgery at first recurrence has now provided access to clinical samples to facilitate a better understanding of this. Methods In this large longitudinal international multicenter study, we examined matched samples of primary and recurrent disease from PFA patients to investigate the biology of recurrence. Results DNA methylome derived copy number variants (CNVs) revealed large-scale chromosome gains and losses at recurrence in PFA. CNV changes were dominated by chromosome 1q gain and/or 6q loss, both previously identified as high-risk factors in PFA, which were present in 23% at presentation but increased to 61% at first recurrence. Multivariate survival analyses of this cohort showed that cases with 1q gain or 6q loss at first recurrence were significantly more likely to recur again. Predisposition to 1q+/6q− CNV changes at recurrence correlated with hypomethylation of heterochromatin-associated DNA at presentation. Cellular and molecular analyses revealed that 1q+/6q− PFA had significantly higher proportions of proliferative neuroepithelial undifferentiated progenitors and decreased differentiated neoplastic subpopulations. Conclusions This study provides clinically and preclinically actionable insights into the biology of PFA recurrence. The hypomethylation predisposition signature in PFA is a potential risk-classifier for trial stratification. We show that the cellular heterogeneity of PFAs evolves largely because of genetic evolution of neoplastic cells.
Sustained inhibition of complement C1s with sutimlimab over 2 years in patients with cold agglutinin disease
Authors: Alexander Röth, Wilma Barcellini, Shirley D'Sa, Yoshitaka Miyakawa, Catherine M. Broome, Marc Michel, David J. Kuter, Bernd Jilma, Tor Henrik Anderson Tvedt, Ilene C. Weitz, Ronnie Yoo, Deepthi Jayawardene, Deepthi S. Vagge, Katarina Kralova, Frank Shafer, Marek Wardȩcki, Michelle Lee, Sigbjørn Berentsen
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2023)

Abstract Cold agglutinin disease (CAD) is a rare, autoimmune, classical complement pathway (CP)‐mediated hemolytic anemia. Sutimlimab selectively inhibits C1s of the C1 complex, preventing CP activation while leaving the alternative and lectin pathways intact. In Part A (26 weeks) of the open‐label, single‐arm, Phase 3 CARDINAL study in patients with CAD and a recent history of transfusion, sutimlimab demonstrated rapid effects on hemolysis and anemia. Results of the CARDINAL study Part B (2‐year extension) study, described herein, demonstrated that sutimlimab sustains improvements in hemolysis, anemia, and quality of life over a median of 144 weeks of treatment. Mean last‐available on‐treatment values in Part B were improved from baseline for hemoglobin (12.2 g/dL on‐treatment versus 8.6 g/dL at baseline), bilirubin (16.5 μmol/L on‐treatment versus 52.1 μmol/L at baseline), and FACIT‐Fatigue scores (40.5 on‐treatment versus 32.4 at baseline). In the 9‐week follow‐up period after sutimlimab cessation, CP inhibition was reversed, and hemolytic markers and fatigue scores approached pre‐sutimlimab values. Overall, sutimlimab was generally well tolerated in Part B. All 22 patients experienced ≥1 treatment‐emergent adverse event (TEAE); 12 (54.5%) patients experienced ≥1 serious TEAE, including seven (31.8%) with ≥1 serious infection. Three patients discontinued due to a TEAE. No patients developed systemic lupus erythematosus or meningococcal infections. After cessation of sutimlimab, most patients reported adverse events consistent with recurrence of CAD. In conclusion, the CARDINAL 2‐year results provide evidence of sustained sutimlimab effects for CAD management, but that disease activity reoccurs after treatment cessation. NCT03347396. Registered November 20, 2017.
The PROs and cons of crystalline lactulose for suspected covert HE among patients with cirrhosis and activity impairment: Are we using the right assessments?
Authors: Arun B. Jesudian, Brett E. Fortune
Journal: Hepatology (2023)

1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Weill Cornell Medicine New York, NY 2Division of Hepatology Montefiore Medical Center Bronx, NY Correspondence Brett E. Fortune, Weill Cornell Medical College, Gastroenterology and Hepatology. Email: [email protected]