tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1729: PPARγ Regulates ABCG1 Expression in Macrophages via LXR-Driven Dual Promoters
Authors: Makoto Ayaori, Masatsune Ogura, Kazuhiro Nakaya, Tetsuya Hisada, Shun-ichi Takiguchi, Emi Yakushiji, Harumi Kondo, Masatoshi Kusuhara, Fumitaka Ohsuzu, Katsunori Ikewaki
Journal: Circulation (2008)

ATP binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1), which is expressed in macrophages, has been implicated in the efflux of cholesterol to high density lipoprotein. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) has been reported to be involved in cholesterol efflux from macrophages, and increased expression of ABCG1 via liver receptor X (LXR)-dependent and independent pathways. However, the mechanisms by which ABCG1 expression is increased by PPARγ have not been fully characterized. We observed that pioglitazone, a PPARγ ligand, increases cholesterol efflux from THP-1 macrophages, as well as ABCG1 mRNA and protein levels. Treatment with actinomycin D abolished the inducible effect of pioglitazone on ABCG1, indicating that pioglitazone transcriptionally activated ABCG1 expression. To clarify how pioglitazone regulates ABCG1 expression, we investigated promoter activity using reporter constructs containing human ABCG1 promoter A and B (located upstream of exon 1 and 5, respectively), with or without mutated LXR-binding sites. The results indicated that pioglitazone activated both promoters in an LXR-dependent manner. We also observed that pioglitazone increased two major transcripts driven by promoter A and B using specific primers for each transcript. To determine whether PPARγ and LXRα were involved in these effects of pioglitazone, we performed siRNA-knockdown of PPARγ and LXRα in macrophages, which resulted in 75% and 91% decreases in PPARγ and LXRα mRNA levels, respectively. PPARγ and LXRα-knockdown, respectively, completely or partially abolished pioglitazone-induced ABCG1 expression. In conclusion, these results suggest that pioglitazone transcriptionally increased ABCG1 expression in macrophages by activating dual promoters in an LXR-dependent manner. Further studies are needed to assess LXR-independent mechanisms for the stimulatory effect of pioglitazone on ABCG1.
SOME MEDICAL QUESTIONS OF A POSSIBLE WAR.
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Harvey's Chief Opponent
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
NEW YORK CITY BOARD OF HEALTH.
Journal: JAMA (1892)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Primary care physician supply and the medically underserved. A status report and recommendations
Authors: R. M. Politzer
Journal: JAMA (1991)

QUALITY health care for all Americans has been viewed as an individual right rather than a privilege. Today, many Americans lack access to an ongoing source of primary care and, therefore, to essential clinical preventive services. Differences in health status between subsets of our population continue to be a national embarrassment.<sup>1</sup>Providing equal access to primary health care has been a problem for this nation throughout its history. What is needed... is a body of information and general principles concerning man as a whole and man in society that will provide an intellectual framework into which the lessons of practical experience can be fitted. This background will be partly biologic, but partly it will be social and humanistic, for it will deal with man as a total complex, integrated, social being. Medical schools and teaching hospitals should prepare many more physicians than now exist who will have the desire
Twentieth Century Practice, an International Encyclopœdia of Modern Medical Science by leading authorities of Europe and America.
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Metabolism of the Food Mutagen 2-Amino-1-Methyl-6-Phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) in Isolated Liver Cells from Guinea Pig, Hamster, Mouse, and Rat
Authors: Jan Alexander, Benedicte Heidenreich Fossum, Jorn A. Holme
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)
Oral penicillin and anaphylactoid reactions
Authors: J. H. Dunn
Journal: JAMA (1967)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> We are currently using thermography has an adjunctive discipline in the study of lesions of the breast. There have been reports of an increase in infrared emission from the skin overlying a breast carcinoma, and we have confirmed this in our own department. However, it is not specific for carcinoma for we have encountered similar findings in the presence of benign lesions and inflammatory conditions. The volume of our work, approximately 3,000 breast examinations per year, has given us the opportunity to apply thermography to a wide variety of lesions. <h3>Report of a Case:—</h3> Recently a hard 2-cm mass in the lower inner quadrant of the left breast developed in a 21-year-old woman with Hodgkin's disease, and she was referred to us for x-ray study and thermography. Mammography was nonrevealing because both breasts were quite dense, a common finding in young patients, and it was therefore not
N-acetylcysteine preserves oxygen consumption and gastric mucosal pH during hyperoxic ventilation.
Authors: K Reinhart, C D Spies, A Meier-Hellmann, D L Bredle, L Hannemann, M Specht, W Schaffartzik
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

Hyperoxic ventilation, used to prevent hypoxemia during potential periods of hypoventilation, has been reported to paradoxically decrease whole body oxygen consumption (VO2). Reduction in nutritive blood flow due to oxygen radical production is one possible mechanism. We investigated whether pretreatment with the sulfhydryl group donor and O2 radical scavenger N-acetylcysteine (NAC) would preserve whole body VO2 and prevent deterioration of oxygenation in gastric mucosal tissue during hyperoxia. Thirty-eight patients, requiring hemodynamic monitoring (radial and pulmonary artery catheters) due to sepsis syndrome, were included in this randomized experiment. All patients exhibited stable clinical conditions (hemodynamics, body temperature, hemoglobin, FIO2 < 0.5). A gastric tonometer was placed to measure the gastric intramucosal pH (pHi), which indirectly assesses nutritive blood flow to the mucosa. Cardiac output was determined by thermodilution and VO2 by cardiovascular Fick. After baseline measurements, patients randomly received either 150 mg.kg-1 NAC (n = 19) or placebo (n = 19) in 250 ml 5% dextrose intravenously over a period of 15 min. Measurements were repeated 30 min after starting NAC or placebo infusion, 30 min after starting hyperoxia (FIO2 = 1.0), and 60 min after resetting the original FIO2. There were no significant differences between groups in any of the measurements before treatment and after the return to baseline FIO2 at the end of the study. NAC, but not placebo infusion, caused a slight but significant increase in cardiac output and decrease in systemic vascular resistance.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Howard M. Spiro
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Academic physicians sometimes study obscure disorders whose nature illuminates our understanding of disease, but whose treatment improves the life of a very few. Not Joe Kirsner and Roy Shorter! They have devoted much of their professional careers to ulcerative colitis, now rebaptized with its cousin Crohn colitis as inflammatory bowel disease. At any rate, a book on a clinical disorder should be put together by physicians with clinical experience and investigative imagination. It comes as no surprise, therefore, to find Kirsner and Shorter's book a compendium on inflammatory bowel disease, with chapters on epidemiology, immunological and bacteriological considerations, etiology, clinical manifestations, differential diagnosis by endoscopy and roentgenography and pathology, together with excellent summaries of the present state of medical and surgical therapy. The references are well chosen and some are as recent as 1974. The practicing clinician will do well to keep this book in his desk for its summary
Low dose of interferon can induce high rate of sustained complete response in chronic hepatitis C with low serum HCV RNA level: Results of a randomized controlled trial 1) Second Dpt of Internal Medicine, Osaka University Medical School1), Ikeda Municipal Hospital2), Osaka, Japan
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

In patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection scheduled for a 48-week treatment period, premature discontinuation of treatment was previously recommended if HCV-RNA levels remained detectable at week 24 of therapy. Considering the number of side effects and treatment costs, measurement of initial viral decline during therapy may identify virologic nonresponse earlier than 24 weeks. We retrospectively analyzed 260 European patients treated with standard or pegylated interferon alfa (IFN-α) and ribavirin for 24 to 48 weeks. Early prediction of virologic response by HCV-RNA decline at weeks 4 and 12 (Versant Quantitative [branched DNA (bDNA) 3.0]; Bayer Diagnostics, Emeryville, CA; and Qualitative [transcription-mediated amplification (TMA)] HCV RNA assay; Bayer Diagnostics) as well as clinical, biochemical, virologic, and histologic baseline parameters were analyzed by logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. A viral load at treatment week 4 above 450,000 IU/mL and at week 12 above 30,000 IU/mL was 100% predictive for virologic nonresponse in all patients. From multivariate logistic regression analysis of all patients, independent predictors for sustained virologic response were: genotypes 2 and 3 (P < .0001), a low baseline gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) level (P < .0001), a high baseline alanine aminotransferase level (P = .002), and a low baseline viral load (P = .04). None of the latter 3 factors were predictive for sustained virologic response when analysis was restricted to the subgroup of genotypes 2– and 3–infected patients. In conclusion, virologic nonresponse can be predicted early at week 12 of treatment independent from the applied therapeutic regimen based on a cutoff level for HCV RNA of 30,000 IU/mL. This algorithm recognizes 53.7% of nonresponders previously identified at week 24 of treatment. (HEPATOLOGY 2003;37:600-609.)
Peter Redfern (1821-1912). Joint pathologist
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
High-Dose Samarium-153 Ethylene Diamine Tetramethylene Phosphonate: Low Toxicity of Skeletal Irradiation in Patients With Osteosarcoma and Bone Metastases
Authors: Peter M. Anderson, Gregory A. Wiseman, Angela Dispenzieri, Carola A.S. Arndt, Lynn C. Hartmann, William A. Smithson, Brian P. Mullan, Oyvind S. Bruland
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

PURPOSE: Samarium-153 ethylene diamine tetramethylene phosphonate ( 153 Sm-EDTMP), a bone-seeking radiopharmaceutical, provides therapeutic irradiation to osteoblastic bone metastases. Because the dose-limiting toxicity of 153 Sm-EDTMP is thrombocytopenia, a dose-escalation trial using peripheral-blood progenitor cells (PBPCs) or marrow support was conducted to treat metastatic bone cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with locally recurrent or metastatic osteosarcoma or skeletal metastases avid on bone scan were treated with 1, 3, 4.5, 6, 12, 19, or 30 mCi/kg of 153 Sm-EDTMP. RESULTS: Thirty patients were treated with 153 Sm-EDTMP. Transient symptoms of hypocalcemia were seen at 30 mCi/kg. Estimates of radioisotope bound to bone surfaces and marrow radiation dose were linear with injected amount of 153 Sm-EDTMP. Cytopenias also occurred in all subjects and were dose-related. At day +13 after 153 Sm-EDTMP, residual whole-body radioactivity was 1% to 65% of whole-body radioactivity considered safe for PBPC infusion, 3.6 mCi. After PBPC or marrow infusion on day +14 after 153 Sm-EDTMP, recovery of hematopoiesis was problematic in two patients at the 30 mCi/kg dose infused with less than 2 × 10 6 CD34 + /kg on day +14, but not in other patients. Reduction or elimination of opiates for pain was seen in all patients. Patients had no adverse changes in appetite or performance status. CONCLUSION: 153 Sm-EDTMP with PBPC support can provide bone-specific therapeutic irradiation (estimates of 39 to 241 Gy). Hematologic toxicity at 30 mCi 153 Sm-EDTMP/kg requires PBPC grafts with more than 2 × 10 6 CD34 + /kg to overcome myeloablative effects of skeletal irradiation. Nonhematologic side effects are minimal.
Survival Comparison Amongst Commonly Used Frontline Regimens in Patients Age 70 Years and Older with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML): A Single-Institution Study of over 600 Patients
Authors: Varun C Dhulipala, Martine Extermann, Najla Al Ali, Jongphil Kim, Marina Sehovic, Tea Reljic, Benjamin Djulbegovic, Jeffrey E Lancet
Journal: Blood (2015)
PHOSPHATEMIA
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Highlights
Authors: Steven Warach
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2015)

Golden Hour Thrombolysis 25Ebinger and coauthors determine the achievable rate of golden hour thrombolysis in prehospital care and its effect on outcome.The stroke emergency mobile unit (STEMO) was deployed when the dispatchers suspected an acute stroke during emergency calls.The authors show that thrombolysis rates in ischemic stroke were 200 of 614 patients (32.6%) when STEMO was deployed and 330 of 1497 patients (22.0%) when conventional care was administered (P < .001).
John Conrad Otto (1774-1844) kindly physician
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
New Drugs and Developments in Therapeutics
Authors: A Council on Drugs' Digest
Journal: JAMA (1961)

<h3>Intravenous Iron</h3> Since the withdrawal of iron-dextran complex and the consequent unavailability of a satisfactory preparation of iron for intramuscular injection, intravenously administered hematinics have assumed increased importance.<b>Dextriferron</b>(Astrafer), an iron-carbohydrate complex, is one of the newer of these. It induces a hematological response comparable to that produced by other parenterally given iron compounds: The hemoglobin concentration increases, after a latent period of 3 to 7 days, at a rate inversely proportional to the initial value; maximum reticulocyte response occurs during the first week of therapy and remains high for some time. Although, as pointed out in the Council's statement on iron-dextran complex (<i>JAMA</i><b>175</b>:388 [Feb. 4] 1961), intravenous administration of iron is accompanied by a higher incidence and greater severity of side-effects than is intramuscular injection, dextriferron seems to be somewhat better tolerated than saccharated iron oxide. Immediate reactions, usually resulting from too rapid administration, include flushing
Doctor Discontent
Authors: Jerome P. Kassirer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

Many American doctors are unhappy with the quality of their professional lives. Abundant anecdotal evidence and several surveys identify some of the factors that underlie their discontent. The actions doctors are taking confirm that there is substantial dismay. What are they complaining about, and what are they doing about it? How successful are their responses likely to be? Can a health care system function effectively if a sizable fraction of its physicians are disgruntled? Are patients well served by unhappy physicians?Frustrations in their attempts to deliver ideal care, restrictions on their personal time, financial incentives that strain their professional . . .