P-298 Open-label, randomized, phase 3 study of first-line lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: LEAP-014 trial in progress
Authors: J. Sun, P. Enzinger, A. Adenis, M. Shah, K. Kato, J. Bennouna, T. Doi, N. Hawk, L. Yu, S. Shah, P. Bhagia, L. Shen
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2022)

Recent data from the KEYNOTE-590 study demonstrated the superiority of pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy compared with chemotherapy as first-line treatment for unresectable locally advanced recurrent or metastatic adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus, or advanced/metastatic Siewert type 1 adenocarcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction. Prior data also suggest promising antitumor activity of lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab in advanced solid tumors. LEAP-014 (NCT04949256) is a randomized, 2-part, open-label, phase 3 study that will evaluate the efficacy and safety of first-line lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy versus pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy in patients with metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Key eligibility criteria include metastatic ESCC, measurable disease per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1 (RECIST v1.1), and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status ≤1. In part 1 (safety run-in), ∼6 patients will be treated for induction with intravenous (IV) pembrolizumab 400 mg every 6 weeks (Q6W) for 2 cycles plus oral lenvatinib 8 mg daily (QD) plus IV 5-fluorouracil (FU; 4000 mg/m2 on days 1-5) plus IV cisplatin (80 mg/m2 ) (FP) for 4 cycles and ∼6 patients in China, Hong, Republic of Korea, and Taiwan will be treated for induction with IV pembrolizumab 400 mg Q6W for 2 cycles plus oral lenvatinib 8 mg QD plus IV paclitaxel (175 mg/m2 ) plus IV cisplatin (75 mg/m2 ) (TP) for 4 cycles. All 12 patients will be treated for consolidation with pembrolizumab 400 mg Q6W for ≤16 doses plus lenvatinib 20 mg QD and closely monitored for 21 days after the first dose of study intervention for dose-limiting toxicities. In part 2 (main study), approximately 850 patients will be randomly assigned 1:1 to induction with pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib plus chemotherapy (FP or mFOLFOX6 [Q2W for 6 cycles {IV oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2 plus bolus IV 5-FU 400 mg/m2 plus continuous IV 5-FU 2400 mg/m2 plus IV leucovorin 400 mg/m2 or IV levoleucovorin 200 mg/m2}] or TP [China, Hong Kong, Republic of Korea, and Taiwan only]) followed by consolidation with pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib (arm 1) or pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy (FP, mFOLFOX6, or TP [China, Hong, Republic of Korea, and Taiwan only]; arm 2). Randomization will be stratified by PD-L1 combined positive score (CPS; ≥10 vs < 10), region (East Asia vs North America and Western Europe vs rest of world), and chemotherapy backbone (FP vs TP vs mFOLFOX6). Treatment will continue until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or withdrawal of consent. Tumor imaging assessment will be performed Q6W for ≤1 year and Q9W thereafter. In part 1, the primary end point is safety and tolerability. In part 2, the dual primary end points are overall survival and progression-free survival (per RECIST v1.1 assessed by blinded independent central review [BICR]); secondary end points include objective response rate and duration of response (per RECIST v1.1 assessed by BICR) and safety and tolerability. Enrollment in this trial is ongoing. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier, NCT04949256. Medical writing and/or editorial assistance was provided by Lauren D'Angelo, PhD of ApotheCom (Yardley, PA, USA). This assistance was funded by Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp, a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA, and Eisai Inc., Woodcliff Lake, NJ, USA. Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp, a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA, and Eisai Inc., Woodcliff Lake, NJ, USA. Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp, a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA, and Eisai Inc., Woodcliff Lake, NJ, USA.