tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3857: Structural Heterogeneities are a Substrate for Re-excitation, Reflection, and Arrhythmogenesis in Cardiac Muscle
Authors: David S Auerbach, Sergey Mironov, Jose Jalife
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: Heart diseases predispose to arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death by mechanisms that are poorly understood. We tested the hypothesis that in fully excitable tissue abrupt geometrical expansions resulting from varying wall thickness, replacement fibrosis, ischemia, or accessory pathways, set the stage for to-and-fro propagation (reflection) of electrical impulses over the same pathway, leading to premature excitation and reentry initiation. Methods: We used patterned monolayers of cultured neonatal rat ventricular myocytes consisting of two wide regions connected by a fully excitable, thin isthmus (0.1, 0.5, 1, &amp; 2 mm wide, 6 mm long). We compared control monolayers with those overexpressing Na channels (NaCh, Ad-hSCN5a). Impulse propagation was optically imaged (Di-8-ANEPPS) at high resolution. Results: Impulses initiated proximally in a wide region propagated 1:1 through relatively broad isthmuses (2 mm) and then into the distal expansion at higher frequencies than through narrower isthmuses (0.1 mm). In control monolayers, with relatively low excitability, the prevalence of reflection was small (15%, n=61). NaCh overexpression increased excitability. It also increased the incidence of reflection (38%, n=26). In homogeneous monolayers, NaCh overexpression increased the conduction velocity (15–17%) and prolonged the action potential duration (APD, 21–26%) at the frequencies (2– 4 Hz) at which reflection occurred. During reflection, the APD at the distal expansion was prolonged, compared to APDs within the isthmus or distally when there was no reflection. APD prolongation provided a substrate for local phase-3 re-excitation at the isthmus, and thus reflection. In some cases, reflection was sustained over several consecutive beats. Reflection also triggered the initiation of reentry; as the beat reflected back, a small distal region was re-excited, resulting in unidirectional propagation and the initiation of reentry. Reflection was never observed in structurally homogeneous monolayers, whether with or without the presence of NaCh overexpression. Conclusion: Source-to-sink mismatch in areas of cardiac muscle expansion creates APD heterogeneities, which may serve as a substrate for reflection and arrhythmogenesis.
Study of intellectual performance of children in ordinary schools after certain serious complications of whooping cough. Swansea Research Unit of the Royal College of General Practitioners.
Journal: BMJ (1987)

In a case-control study 27 index children from ordinary schools who had had convulsions or apnoea as a complication of whooping cough about eight years previously were compared with 27 children who had never had whooping cough and 15 who had had whooping cough without complications. Other factors likely to cause intellectual impairment after conception were considered. The index group had a significantly lower median intelligence quotient and poorer school attainment than either of the control groups. The results support the hypothesis that convulsions or apnoea as a complication of whooping cough may be associated with subsequent intellectual impairment.
Uveal autoantibody in ocular disease
Authors: S. B. Aronson
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Uveal autoantibody has been noted in patients with ocular disease in significantly greater numbers than in patients without known ocular disease. The occurrence of this antibody has been correlated with bilaterality, duration, and severity of disease. Although a large number of specific ocular syndromes have been evaluated, no individual diagnosis has demonstrated a significantly greater incidence of uveal autoantibody than occurred in the overall ocular disease group.
Serum trypsin inhibitors in coal miners
Authors: Jack Lieberman
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The recent article by Resnick et al ("Serum Trypsin Inhibitor Concentrations in Coal Miners with Respiratory Symptoms,"<b>215</b>:1101, 1971) contains many misconceptions and misquotations of the literature. The basic flaw underlying the results reported by these authors appears to stem from their apparent lack of concern about the unusually low normal values for serum trypsin inhibitory capacity (STIC). Their mean value of 0.859 is much lower than the accepted mean of 1.1 units reported by both Eriksson<sup>1</sup>and ourselves.<sup>2</sup>The range of normal values (0.42 to 1.9) quoted from the literature includes values from many reports published prior to 1963, when the significance of a genetic deficiency of antitrypsin was first reported. This range of "normal" values undoubtedly includes many with the genetic deficiency. A potential systematic error in calculating the STIC values may be related to the unusual weight-combining ratio for trypsin (T)
A geochemical basis for endomyocardial fibrosis
Authors: M S VALIATHAN, C C KARTHA, V K PANDAY, H S DANG, C M SUNTA
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1986)

In a search for geochemical factors that could play a role in the pathogenesis of tropical endomyocardial fibrosis, endomyocardial tissue samples obtained from patients at necropsy or operation were analysed for major elements present in laterite and monazite, which are important soil constituents of Kerala State of India. Atomic absorption spectrophotometry was used for detecting iron, silicon, aluminium, zinc, magnesium, calcium, sodium, potassium, and manganese and neutron activation analysis for thorium. Compared with control samples from victims of fatal accidents, an excess of thorium, sodium, and calcium and a deficiency of magnesium were present in samples from patients. It has been shown earlier that the staple diets of people in Kerala have high concentrations of thorium, and these data show that thorium can become concentrated in cardiac tissues. It is speculated that thorium excess in conjunction with magnesium deficiency may play a role in the causation of tropical endomyocardial fibrosis.
Abstract 4596: Synthesis and biological evaluation of small molecules inhibitors targeting heterotrimeric Gαi2 protein
Authors: Silvia Caggia, Autumn S. Garrett, Aditi Kumar, Subhasish Tapadar, Adegboyega K. Oyelere, Smrruthi Vaidegi Venugopal, Shafiq A. Khan
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Heterotrimeric G-proteins are ubiquitously expressed in cells, and they transduce signals from activated G-protein coupled receptors. It is well known that these proteins are differentially expressed in cancer, thereby activating signals that lead to different biological functions such as proliferation and cell motility. Previously, we have shown that Gαi2 protein is essential for cell migration and invasion in prostate cancer cell lines, and its action is downstream of PI3-kinase/Rac1 activation. We have also shown that in PC3 prostate cancer cells, pre-treated with Pertussis toxin (PTX), a well know inhibitor of Gαi/0, resulted in the attenuation of TGFβ1- and oxytocin-induced migration and PI3-kinase activation, without affecting EGF-induced PI3-kinase activation and cell migration. Here, we synthesized new small molecules inhibitors, GDIs, capable of preventing nucleotide exchange and subunit activation. Compounds #29 and #46 are analogs of the lead compound, lacking the thiophene OH-group and with a thiol- to N-methyl amino-group substitution, respectively. Compound #35, a methyl ether derivative of #46, is designed to test the effect of the modification to the phenolic group on Gαi2 inhibition activity. We pretreated PC3 cells with the small molecules and then stimulated with EGF and oxytocin to activate Gαi2 subunit. Immunoprecipitation of the active Gαi and western blot for Gαi2 showed a decrease in the amount of active Gαi2 that was pulled down compared with the controls. Using cell migration assay, we observed that #29 and #46, both at 10 μM, caused inhibition of migration in different prostate cancer cell lines in response to EGF treatments. In contrast, #35 is inactive in this assay at the same concentration. To determine if the effects of Gαi2 are the same in other cancer cells, we first knockdown Gαi2 protein expression in breast and ovarian cancer cells and performed migration assays. The knock-down of endogenous Gαi2 attenuated cell migration, compared to the control cells. We also performed migration assays in the same cells using compound #29 at 10 μM and observed significant inhibition of migratory behavior in response to EGF- and FBS stimuli compared to the controls. We conclude that the small molecules we used in this study may be considered as potential therapeutic tools, inhibiting the migratory capability of metastatic cells. Citation Format: Silvia Caggia, Autumn S. Garrett, Aditi Kumar, Subhasish Tapadar, Adegboyega K. Oyelere, Smrruthi Vaidegi Venugopal, Shafiq A. Khan. Synthesis and biological evaluation of small molecules inhibitors targeting heterotrimeric Gαi2 protein [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4596.
Centennial
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Mother's Size during Pregnancy, Baby's Birthweight, and the Insulin Resistance Syndrome
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Summaries for Patients15 February 2000Mother's Size during Pregnancy, Baby's Birthweight, and the Insulin Resistance SyndromeSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-132-4-200002150-00028 SectionsAboutFull Text ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail What is the problem and what is known about it so far?Insulin regulates the body's sugar, protein, and fat metabolism. In the insulin resistance syndrome, the body's tissues lose their sensitivity to insulin. To overcome this resistance, the body puts out more insulin, leading to high levels of insulin in the bloodstream. When the available insulin fails to overcome the tissue resistance, high blood sugars develop (diabetes), often accompanied by high blood pressure and high blood levels of triglycerides (a type of fat). The risk of developing this syndrome is greater in people who become overweight as adults. Recently, ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The summary below is from the full report titled “Effects of Infant Birthweight and Maternal Body Mass Index in Pregnancy on Components of the Insulin Resistance Syndrome in China.” It is in the 15 February 2000 issue of Annals of Internal Medicine (volume 132, pages 253-260). The authors are J. Mi, C. Law, K.-L. Zhang, C. Osmond, C. Stein, and D. Barker.Summaries for Patients are a service provided by Annals to help patients better understand the complicated and often mystifying language of modern medicine.Summaries for Patients are presented for informational purposes only. These summaries are not a substitute for advice from your own medical provider. If you have questions about this material, or need medical advice about your own health or situation, please contact your physician. The summaries may be reproduced for not-for-profit educational purposes only. Any other uses must be approved by the American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoEffects of Infant Birthweight and Maternal Body Mass Index in Pregnancy on Components of the Insulin Resistance Syndrome in China Jie Mi , Catherine Law , Kong-Lai Zhang , Clive Osmond , Claudia Stein , and David Barker Metrics 15 February 2000Volume 132, Issue 4Page: 253KeywordsBlood sugarFatsInsulinInsulin resistanceNutritionObesityOverweightPregnancyPrimary hypertensionProtein metabolism Issue Published: 15 February 2000 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.Loading ...
Recurrent condylomata acuminata treated with recombinant interferon alfa-2a. A multicenter double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Condylomata International Collaborative Study Group
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Systemic interferon has been advocated as an effective therapy for recurrent genital warts. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter international trial involving 172 patients with recurrent condylomata was conducted using systemic interferon alfa-2a in doses of 3 or 9 MIU three times per week for 4 weeks. The treatment period was followed by a treatment-free follow-up period of 2 months. Complete responders at month 3 were followed up to 9 months or until they had a recurrence, whichever occurred first. The combined rates of complete response (total disappearance of all lesions without appearance of new ones) and major incomplete response (at least a 75% reduction in total lesion area) at 3 months after the commencement of therapy were 34%, 25%, and 30%, respectively, in 166 patients receiving 3 and 9 MIU of interferon alfa-2a and placebo. The recurrence rates at the end of 9 months were 9% in the placebo and 3-MIU groups and 36% in the 9-MIU group. We conclude that systemic interferon alfa-2a administered three times weekly for 4 weeks at doses of 3 and 9 MIU is not effective as monotherapy for genital warts that have recurred after standard ablative therapy.
HOUT-25. ADHERENCE TO TUMOR TREATING FIELDS IN PATIENTS WITH HIGH-GRADE GLIOMA – A SINGLE CENTER EXPERIENCE
Authors: Almuth Kessler, Judith Weiland, Maria Breun, Thomas Linsenmann, Rolf-Ingo Ernestus, Carsten Hagemann, Mario Löhr
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2018)

The addition of alternating electric fields with low intensity (1–3 V/cm) and intermediate frequency (100–300 kHz), known as Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields), to adjuvant temozolomide demonstrated significant clinical benefits in newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM) patients. Post-hoc analysis of the EF-14 trial revealed a strong correlation of adherence to TTFields therapy with prolonged OS, underlining the importance of a high compliance rate. Here, we report on TTFields therapy adherence of thirty-four patients with high-grade glioma (HGG) treated with TTFields. Thirty-four patients diagnosed with GBM (28 patients) and astrocytoma WHO°III (6 patients), respectively, were treated with TTFields at our institution. Patients were introduced to the therapy during our neurooncologic consultation hours. We evaluated the compliance reports that were generated at the monthly technical check of the device. The median age of high grade glioma (HGG) patients at therapy start was 53.5 [32–67] years. 21 of the 28 GBM patients were newly diagnosed and the remainder had recurrences. These patients showed a gender distribution female to male of 1:1.15, demonstrating a higher ratio of female patients compared to the typical GBM population with 1:1.7. Patients with newly diagnosed GBM were on TTFields therapy for a median of 6.5 months with median treatment compliance of 86.4%. No significant difference regarding compliance was observed between female (87.1%) and male (81.7%). Comparison of patients with newly diagnosed GBM and recurrent GBM showed no significant difference in therapy adherence with a median compliance of 80.0%. Astrocytoma WHO°III patients showed a compliance rate of 86.2%. TTFields therapy was well accepted by high grade glioma patients treated at our institution with a high median compliance to the therapy substantially above the recommended 75% threshold and irrespective of sex and diagnosis.
Paralysis Reference
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
STATISTICAL STATEMENT
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Tuberculosis in a community hospital. A five-year review
Authors: W. W. Furey
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Between January 1969 and December 1973, at a community hospital in Chicago, 129 patients had cultures positive for<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>. On admission to the hospital, only 36% of the patients were suspected of having tuberculosis, even after the initial chest x-ray film was available. Ten patients, in whom a positive culture was reported, were still living and had not been treated for tuberculosis as of June 1974. Five of these patients probably never had the disease, and the other five patients had overlooked-disease or had refused treatment. Nine patients died as a result of tuberculosis. (<i>JAMA</i>235:168-171, 1976)
Diagnosis and Treatment in Diseases of the Lungs.
Journal: JAMA (1928)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal