tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Global epidemiology of actinic keratosis in the general population: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Christopher D George, Truelian Lee, Loes M Hollestein, Maryam M Asgari, Tamar Nijsten
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2023)

Abstract Background Actinic keratosis (AK) is a common dermatological condition, and among the most common dermatological diagnoses in older populations. Although the prevalence of AK depends on demographic and environmental factors, little is known about the global context of AK. Objectives To provide a comprehensive and updated analysis of the global prevalence rate and incidence of AK in the general population through a systematic review and meta-analysis, and – through subgroup analyses – to identify high-risk phenotypes, demographic and lifestyle risk factors and regional variations in disease prevalence. Methods A systematic search of Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science and Google Scholar was performed on 20 May 2022. Two reviewers independently screened and assessed the quality of each study using a validated critical appraisal checklist. Epidemiological measurements (e.g. prevalence) from individual studies performed in the general population were then pooled in a random-effects meta-analysis. Subgroup analyses (i.e. population age, geographical region, occupation, sex and study quality) were conducted. Results Of the 65 articles that made it through the full-text screening, 60 reported a point prevalence. A meta-analysis of these articles yielded an overall point prevalence of 14% [95% confidence interval (CI) 14–15]. In further analyses, the calculated prevalence rate varied depending on subgroup. The pooled incidence rate from the seven eligible studies analysed was 1928 per 100 000 person-years (PY; 95% CI −439 to 4294). Conclusions This comprehensive meta-analysis provides an updated global prevalence rate of AK of 14%, indicating a significant worldwide disease burden. The incidence rate of AK was found to be 1928 per 100 000 PY, emphasizing a growing public health concern. However, high heterogeneity among studies suggests that various factors influence the AK prevalence rate, necessitating further research to understand the observed differences.
Comment on ‘Impact of sarcopenia on outcomes in surgical patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis’
Authors: Xiao-Ming Zhang
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

Department of emergency, the people's hospital of baoan Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China Running Title: sarcopenia and adverse outcome. Comment on "Impact of Sarcopenia on Outcomes in Surgical Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis" Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article. Published online ■ ■ *Corresponding author. Address: Department of emergency, the people's hospital of baoan Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China. E-mail address: [email protected] (X-M. Zhang). This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work, even for commercial purposes, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
The benefits of HOPE are fully certain?
Authors: Yu Xiao
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

The People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, 518109, China Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article Published online ■ ■ *Corresponding author. Address: Shenzhen Longhua New District People's Hospital CHINA. E-mail address: [email protected] (Y Xiao). This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work, even for commercial purposes, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Individuals with Darier disease have an increased risk of suicide and self-injurious behaviours
Authors: Martin Cederlöf, William Jebril, Henrik Larsson, Philip Curman, Etty Bachar-Wikström, Jakob D Wikström
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2023)

In a large population-based registry study of 935 patients in Sweden with Darier disease, we show that patients with the disease display significantly increased risks of suicide and self-injurious behaviours.
Management of Persistent, Post-adenotonsillectomy Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Children: An Official American Thoracic Society Clinical Practice Guideline
Authors: Zarmina Ehsan, Stacey L. Ishman, Israa Soghier, Fernanda R. Almeida, An Boudewyns, Macario Camacho, Margaret-Ann Carno, Kevin Coppelson, Refika H. Ersu, An Thi Nhat Ho, Athanasios G. Kaditis, Almiro J. Machado, Ron B. Mitchell, Cory M. Resnick, Keri Swaggart, Stijn Verhulst
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2023)

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is the most common sleep-related breathing disorder. Although adenotonsillectomy is first-line management for pediatric OSA, up to 40% of children may have persistent OSA. This document provides an evidence-based clinical practice guideline on the management of children with persistent OSA. The target audience is clinicians, including physicians, dentists, and allied health professionals, caring for children with OSA.
Response to Comment on Elsayed et al. 5. Facilitating Positive Health Behaviors and Well-being to Improve Health Outcomes: <i>Standards of Care in Diabetes—2023</i>. Diabetes Care 2023;46(Suppl. 1):S68–S96
Authors: Audrey Darville, Marisa Hilliard, Nuha A. ElSayed, Raveendhara R. Bannuru
Journal: Diabetes Care (2023)
Comment on Elsayed et al. 5. Facilitating Positive Health Behaviors and Well-being to Improve Health Outcomes: <i>Standards of Care in Diabetes—2023</i>. Diabetes Care 2023;46(Suppl. 1):S68–S96
Authors: Davide Campagna, Agostino Di Ciuala, Tabinda Dugal, Andre Kengne, Anoop Misra, Riccardo Polosa, Syed Abbas Raza, Cristina Russo, Roberta Sammut, Noel Somasundaram, Magda Walicka
Journal: Diabetes Care (2023)
Single-cell RNA Sequencing Reveals Novel Cellular Factors for Response to Immunosuppressive Therapy in Aplastic Anemia
Authors: Jinho Jang, Hongtae Kim, Sung-Soo Park, Miok Kim, Yong Ki Min, Hyoung-oh Jeong, Seunghoon Kim, Taejoo Hwang, David Whee-Young Choi, Hee-Je Kim, Sukgil Song, Dong Oh Kim, Semin Lee, Chang Hoon Lee, Jong Wook Lee
Journal: HemaSphere (2023)

Aplastic anemia (AA) is a lethal hematological disorder; however, its pathogenesis is not fully understood. Although immunosuppressive therapy (IST) is a major treatment option for AA, one-third of patients do not respond to IST and its resistance mechanism remains elusive. To understand AA pathogenesis and IST resistance, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of bone marrow (BM) from healthy controls and patients with AA at diagnosis. We found that CD34 + early-stage erythroid precursor cells and PROM1 + hematopoietic stem cells were significantly depleted in AA, which suggests that the depletion of CD34 + early-stage erythroid precursor cells and PROM1 + hematopoietic stem cells might be one of the major mechanisms for AA pathogenesis related with BM-cell hypoplasia. More importantly, we observed the significant enrichment of CD8 + T cells and T cell–activating intercellular interactions in IST responders, indicating the association between the expansion and activation of T cells and the positive response of IST in AA. Taken together, our findings represent a valuable resource offering novel insights into the cellular heterogeneity in the BM of AA and reveal potential biomarkers for IST, building the foundation for future precision therapies in AA.
Natural history of human platelet antigen 1a-alloimmunised pregnancies: a prospective observational cohort study
Authors: Thijs W de Vos, Dian Winkelhorst, Leendert Porcelijn, Mila Beaufort, Gonda Oldert, Johanna G van der Bom, Enrico Lopriore, Dick Oepkes, Masja de Haas, Ellen van der Schoot
Journal: The Lancet Haematology (2023)
815P Clinical outcome of metastatic endometrial carcinoma patients treated with chemotherapy: ENDOVIE, a GINECO national observational cohort study
Authors: J. Alexandre, P. Boudier, E. Kalbacher, B. Asselain, E. Lavit, S. Emambux, D. Berton-Rigaud, G. Babin, C. Lescure, P-E. Heudel, H. Salaun, N. Delanoy, H. Dawood, P-F. Combe, D. Duliege, F. Selle, A. Hakme, L. Cagnan, J. Niogret, S. De Percin
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2023)
Impact of cervical screening by human papillomavirus genotype: Population-based estimations
Authors: Jiangrong Wang, K. Miriam Elfström, Camilla Lagheden, Carina Eklund, Karin Sundström, Pär Sparén, Joakim Dillner
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2023)

Cervical screening programs use testing for human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes. Different HPV types differ greatly in prevalence and oncogenicity. We estimated the impact of cervical screening and follow-up for each HPV type.For each type of HPV, we calculated the number of women needed to screen (NNS) and number of women needing follow-up (NNF) to detect or prevent one cervical cancer case, using the following individual level input data (i) screening and cancer data for all women aged 25 to 80 years, resident in Sweden during 2004 to 2011 (N = 3,568,938); (ii) HPV type-specific prevalences and screening histories among women with cervical cancer in Sweden in 2002 to 2011(N = 4,254); (iii) HPV 16/18/other HPV prevalences in the population-based HPV screening program (N = 656,607); and (iv) exact HPV genotyping in a population-based cohort (n = 12,527). Historical screening attendance was associated with a 72% reduction of cervical cancer incidence caused by HPV16 (71.6%, 95% confidence interval (CI) [69.1%, 73.9%]) and a 54% reduction of cancer caused by HPV18 (53.8%, 95% CI [40.6%, 63.1%]). One case of HPV16-caused cervical cancer could be prevented for every 5,527 women attending screening (number needed to screen, NNS). Prevention of one case of HPV16-caused cervical cancer required follow-up of 147 HPV16-positive women (number needed to follow-up, NNF). The NNS and NNF were up to 40 to 500 times higher for HPV types commonly screened for with lower oncogenic potential (HPV35,39,51,56,59,66,68). For women below 30 years of age, NNS and NNF for HPV16 were 4,747 and 289, respectively, but >220,000 and >16,000 for HPV35,39,51,56,59,66,68. All estimates were either age-standarized or age-stratified. The primary limitation of our study is that NNS is dependent on the HPV prevalence that can differ between populations and over time. However, it can readily be recalculated in other settings and monitored when HPV type-specific prevalence changes. Other limitations include that in some age groups, there was little data and extrapolations had to be made. Finally, there were very few cervical cancer cases associated with certain HPV types in young age group.In this study, we observed that the impact of cervical cancer screening varies depending on the HPV type screened for. Estimating and monitoring the impact of screening by HPV type can facilitate the design of effective and efficient HPV-based cervical screening programs.ClinicalTrials.gov with numbers NCT00479375, NCT01511328.
Medical services at the FIFA world cup Qatar 2022
Authors: Yorck Olaf Schumacher, Dan Kings, Rod Whiteley, Abdulaziz Dharman, Gabriel Taqtaq, Pierre Mc Court, Khalid Alkhelaifi, Stephen Targett, Louis Holtzhausen, Guido E Pieles, Peter Dzendrowskyj, Bashir Ahmed Zikria, Marcelo Bordalo, Ibrahim Al Hussein, Pieter D'Hooghe, Abdulaziz Al-Kuwari, Marco Cardinale
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2023)

Objective The Football World Cup is among the biggest sporting events in the world, but data to inform the requirements of medical care for such tournaments are limited. This study describes the athlete and team medical services at the FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022 . Methods Three different medical service entities were identified through a needs analysis based on expert advice, team physician interviews and questionnaires prior to the event: ‘Team Services’ to provide any workforce or equipment needs of the teams, a ‘Polyclinic’ to manage any acute medical demands, and a ‘recovery centre’ to improve game readiness throughout the tournament. All services had been set up prior to the tournament and thoroughly tested. Results Of a total of 832 athletes, ~1300 team delegation and ~130 match officials, 167 individuals including 129 (77%) athletes and 38 (23%) non-athletes were assessed in the polyclinic. For the 129 athletes (median 4 players per team), medical imaging was the most requested service, which peaked during the group phase of the tournament. Most requests were received during normal working hours despite many games finishing late at night. 30 of the 32 participating teams solicited medical services for their players at least once. Three teams made use of the recovery facilities, and 17 teams requested additional medical equipment or clinical assistance. Conclusion Central imaging services was the most used medical resource at the FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022, and over half of teams required additional medical equipment or personnel. These data may inform planning of medical services for similar events in the future.
Definition of rheumatoid arthritis flare based on SDAI and CDAI
Authors: Victoria Konzett, Andreas Kerschbaumer, Josef S Smolen, Eirik Klami Kristianslund, Sella A Provan, Tore K Kvien, Daniel Aletaha
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2023)

Objective To develop and validate definitions for disease flares in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) based on the quantitative Simplified and Clinical Disease Activity Indices (SDAI, CDAI). Methods We analysed RA treatment courses from the Norwegian disease-modifying antirheumatic drug registry (NOR-DMARD) and the Vienna RA cohort. In a receiver operating curve analysis, we determined flare definitions for absolute changes in SDAI and CDAI based on a semiquantitative patient anchor. NOR-DMARD was sampled into an 80%-training cohort for cut point derivation and a 20%-test cohort for internal validation. The definitions were then externally validated in the independent Vienna RA cohort and tested regarding their performance on longitudinal, content, face, and construct validity. Results We analysed 4256 treatment courses from NOR-DMARD and 2557 from the Vienna RA cohort. The preliminary definitions for absolute changes in SDAI and CDAI for flare are an increase of 4.7 and 4.5, respectively. The definitions performed well in the test and external validation cohorts, and showed clinical face and construct validity, as flares significantly impact both functional (∆Health Assessment Questionnaire flare vs no-flare +0.43; p&lt;0.001) and structural (∆modified Sharp Score 43% higher after flare; p&lt;0.001) disease outcomes, and reflect consistent worsening across all disease core sets, both patient reported and objective. Conclusion We here provide novel definitions for flare in RA based on SDAI and CDAI, validated in two large independent real-world cohorts. In times of highly effective medications for RA, and consideration of their tapering, these definitions will be useful for guiding decision making in clinical practice and designing clinical trials.
Team USA injury and illness incidence at the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games
Authors: Travis Anderson, Malia G Cali, Stephanie C Clark, Ike Hasley, Emily G Larson, Kayle E Noble-Taylor, David M Robinson, Eric Post, Jonathan T Finnoff, William M Adams
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2023)

The purpose of this study was to determine the injury and illness incidence from Team USA athletes from the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games and assess any sex-based differences or differences between Olympic and Paralympic athletes.Team USA Olympic (n=231, 48.5% female) and Team USA Paralympic (n=63, 22.2% female) athletes had medical encounters documented during the Games. Injuries and illnesses were defined according to the 2020 International Olympic Committee Consensus Statement and reviewed for accuracy by a physician. Incidence rates were calculated per 1000 athlete-days and further analysed by sex, sport, anatomical location, type of illness, injury event and injury mechanism, with incident rate ratios (IRRs) used for group comparisons.There were no differences in illness (Olympic illness, IRR=0.99 (95% CI 0.48 to 2.07), p=0.998; Paralympic illness, IRR=1.43 (95% CI 0.41 to 4.97), p=0.572) or injury rates (Olympic injury, IRR=0.63 (95% CI 0.39 to 1.03), p=0.062; Paralympic injury, IRR=1.01 (95% CI 0.43 to 2.35), p=0.988) between male and female (reference group) athletes. However, Olympic athletes had significantly lower illness (IRR=0.41 (95% CI 0.22 to 0.76), p=0.003) and injury (IRR=0.56 (95% CI 0.37 to 0.87), p=0.009) risks compared with Paralympic athletes.No significant sex-related differences in injury or illness were detected in Team USA Olympic or Paralympic participating in the 2022 Beijing Winter Games. However, Paralympic athletes exhibited higher rates of injury and illness compared with their Olympic counterparts. This study highlights delegation-specific epidemiological data which may facilitate more focused approaches for injury and illness prevention.
How we can improve healthcare for Gypsy, Roma, Traveller, Boater, and Showmen communities living outside the system
Authors: Kirit Sehmbi, Amardeep Kamboz
Journal: BMJ (2023)

Healthcare services must remove barriers to access and break the cycle of distrust and disengagement to improve health for communities living nomadically in the UK, write Kirit Sehmbi and Amardeep Kamboz
The nuclear cytokine IL-37a controls lethal cytokine storms primarily via IL-1R8-independent transcriptional upregulation of PPARγ
Authors: Rongfei Wei, Xiao Han, Mengyuan Li, Yuan Ji, Lianfeng Zhang, Maria-Ioanna Christodoulou, Najwa Jameel Hameed Aga, Caiyan Zhang, Ran Gao, Jiangning Liu, Jinrong Fu, Guoping Lu, Xiaojun Xiao, Xiaoyu Liu, Ping-Chang Yang, Iain B. McInnes, Ying Sun, Peisong Gao, Chuan Qin, Shau-Ku Huang, Yufeng Zhou, Damo Xu
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2023)
Cesarean section induced dysbiosis promotes type 2 immunity but not oxazolone-induced dermatitis in mice
Authors: Line Fisker Zachariassen, Maria Bernadette Bergh Ebert, Caroline Märta Junker Mentzel, Ling Deng, Lukasz Krych, Dennis Sandris Nielsen, Jakob Stokholm, Camilla Hartmann Friis Hansen
Journal: Gut Microbes (2023)

Delivery by cesarean section (CS) is associated with an altered gut microbiota (GM) colonization and a higher risk of later chronic inflammatory diseases. Studies investigating the association between CS and atopic dermatitis (AD) are contradictive and often biased by confounding factors. The aim of this study was therefore to provide experimental evidence for the association between CS and AD in a mouse model and clarify the role of the GM changes associated with CS. It was hypothesized that CS-delivered mice, and human CS-GM transplanted mice develop severe dermatitis due to early dysbiosis. BALB/c mice delivered by CS or vaginally (VD) as well as BALB/c mice transplanted with GM from CS or VD human donors were challenged with oxazolone on the ear. The severity of dermatitis was evaluated by ear thickness and clinical and histopathological assessment which were similar between all groups. The immune response was assessed by serum IgE concentration, local cytokine response, and presence of immune cells in the draining lymph node. Both CS-delivered mice and mice inoculated with human CS-GM had a higher IgE concentration. A higher proportion of Th2 cells were also found in the CS-GM inoculated mice, but no differences were seen in the cytokine levels in the affected ears. In support of the experimental findings, a human cohort analysis from where the GM samples were obtained found that delivery mode did not affect the children’s risk of developing AD. In conclusion, CS-GM enhanced a Th2 biased immune response, but had no effect on oxazolone-induced dermatitis in mice.
COVID-19 illness severity and 2-year prevalence of physical symptoms: an observational study in Iceland, Sweden, Norway and Denmark
Authors: Qing Shen, Emily E. Joyce, Omid V. Ebrahimi, Maria Didriksen, Anikó Lovik, Karen Sól Sævarsdóttir, Ingibjörg Magnúsdóttir, Dorte Helenius Mikkelsen, Anna Bára Unnarsdóttir, Arna Hauksdóttir, Asle Hoffart, Anna K. Kähler, Edda Björk Thórdardóttir, Elías Eythórsson, Emma M. Frans, Gunnar Tómasson, Helga Ask, Hrönn Hardardóttir, Jóhanna Jakobsdóttir, Kelli Lehto, Li Lu, Ole A. Andreassen, Patrick F. Sullivan, Runólfur Pálsson, Christian Erikstrup, Sisse Rye Ostrowski, Thomas Werge, Thor Aspelund, Ole B.V. Pedersen, Sverre Urnes Johnson, Fang Fang, Unnur Anna Valdimarsdóttir
Journal: The Lancet Regional Health - Europe (2023)

Although the persistence of physical symptoms after SARS-CoV-2 infection is a major public health concern, evidence from large observational studies beyond one year post diagnosis remain scarce. We aimed to assess the prevalence of physical symptoms in relation to acute illness severity up to more than 2-years after diagnosis of COVID-19.This multinational study included 64,880 adult participants from Iceland, Sweden, Denmark, and Norway with self-reported data on COVID-19 and physical symptoms from April 2020 to August 2022. We compared the prevalence of 15 physical symptoms, measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-15), among individuals with or without a confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis, by acute illness severity, and by time since diagnosis. We additionally assessed the change in symptoms in a subset of Swedish adults with repeated measures, before and after COVID-19 diagnosis.During up to 27 months of follow-up, 34.5% participants (22,382/64,880) were diagnosed with COVID-19. Individuals who were diagnosed with COVID-19, compared to those not diagnosed, had an overall 37% higher prevalence of severe physical symptom burden (PHQ-15 score ≥15, adjusted prevalence ratio [PR] 1.37 [95% confidence interval [CI] 1.23-1.52]). The prevalence was associated with acute COVID-19 severity: individuals bedridden for seven days or longer presented with the highest prevalence (PR 2.25 [1.85-2.74]), while individuals never bedridden presented with similar prevalence as individuals not diagnosed with COVID-19 (PR 0.92 [0.68-1.24]). The prevalence was statistically significantly elevated among individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 for eight of the fifteen measured symptoms: shortness of breath, chest pain, dizziness, heart racing, headaches, low energy/fatigue, trouble sleeping, and back pain. The analysis of repeated measurements rendered similar results as the main analysis.These data suggest an elevated prevalence of some, but not all, physical symptoms during up to more than 2 years after diagnosis of COVID-19, particularly among individuals suffering a severe acute illness, highlighting the importance of continued monitoring and alleviation of these targeted core symptoms.This work was mainly supported by grants from NordForsk (COVIDMENT, grant number 105668 and 138929) and Horizon 2020 (CoMorMent, 847776). See Acknowledgements for further details on funding.
Photo‐Enhanced Synergistic Induction of Ferroptosis for Anti‐Cancer Immunotherapy (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 27/2023)
Authors: Yang Zhou, Kang Chen, Wing Kak Lin, Jinzhao Liu, Weirong Kang, Yaming Zhang, Ranyao Yang, Leigang Jin, Yiyun Cheng, Aimin Xu, Weiping Wang
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Photodynamic Therapy In article 2300994, Aimin Xu, Weiping Wang, and co-workers develop an NIR light-responsive nanoparticle for photo-enhanced ferroptosis. The nanoparticles undergo charge reversal after irradiation to promote cellular uptake of Ce6 and iFSP1, thereby inducing ferroptosis and immunogenic cell death to promote dendritic cell maturation and T cell activation for tumor inhibition.