tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Sleeping our way to better health and longevity
Authors: None The Lancet Healthy Longevity
Journal: The Lancet Healthy Longevity (2023)

September is The Sleep Charity's annual awareness month, and is also marked by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine's "Student Sleep Health Week" (Sept 11–15, 2023). Sleep is an aspect of health that deserves more attention than it currently receives; while we are constantly reminded of the importance of a healthy diet and adequate activity levels, the value of high-quality sleep is often overlooked.
Oncological outcomes of standard versus prolonged time to surgery after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for oesophageal cancer in the multicentre, randomised, controlled NeoRes II trial
Authors: K. Nilsson, F. Klevebro, B. Sunde, I. Rouvelas, M. Lindblad, E. Szabo, I. Halldestam, U. Smedh, B. Wallner, J. Johansson, G. Johnsen, E.K. Aahlin, H.-O. Johannessen, G. Alexandersson von Döbeln, G.O. Hjortland, N. Wang, Y. Shang, D. Borg, A. Quaas, I. Bartella, C. Bruns, W. Schröder, M. Nilsson
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2023)

The optimal time to surgery (TTS) after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) for oesophageal cancer is unknown and has traditionally been 4-6 weeks in clinical practice. Observational studies have suggested better outcomes, especially in terms of histological response, after prolonged delay of up to 3 months after nCRT. The NeoRes II trial is the first randomised trial to compare standard to prolonged TTS after nCRT for oesophageal cancer.Patients with resectable, locally advanced oesophageal cancer were randomly assigned to standard delay of surgery of 4-6 weeks or prolonged delay of 10-12 weeks after nCRT. The primary endpoint was complete histological response of the primary tumour in patients with adenocarcinoma (AC). Secondary endpoints included histological tumour response, resection margins, overall and progression-free survival in all patients and stratified by histologic type.Between February 2015 and March 2019, 249 patients from 10 participating centres in Sweden, Norway and Germany were randomised: 125 to standard and 124 to prolonged TTS. There was no significant difference in complete histological response between AC patients allocated to standard (21%) compared to prolonged (26%) TTS (P = 0.429). Tumour regression, resection margins and number of resected lymph nodes, total and metastatic, did not differ between the allocated interventions. The first quartile overall survival in patients allocated to standard TTS was 26.5 months compared to 14.2 months after prolonged TTS (P = 0.003) and the overall risk of death during follow-up was 35% higher after prolonged delay (hazard ratio 1.35, 95% confidence interval 0.94-1.95, P = 0.107).Prolonged TTS did not improve histological complete response or other pathological endpoints, while there was a strong trend towards worse survival, suggesting caution in routinely delaying surgery for >6 weeks after nCRT.
Management of a large percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube-associated gastric ulcer with endoscopic suturing
Authors: Benjamin Norton, Nasar Aslam, Apostolis Papaefthymiou, Andrea Telese, Charles Murray, Rehan Haidry
Journal: Endoscopy (2023)

Insertion of a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube is a common procedure performed predominantly for provision of enteral nutrition. Serious complications requiring intervention are reported in 0.4 %–4.4 % of cases [1]. Among these, PEG-associated gastric ulcers are a rare complication, thought to be secondary to pressure necrosis, which can predispose to upper gastrointestinal bleeding [2]. Like other gastric ulcers, these can be treated with conventional endoscopic therapy; however, when treatment is unamenable or fails, endoscopic suturing provides a novel management option that has been described in a few case reports with good results [3] [4].
Complete anastomotic stenosis treated by combined stricturotomy using two colonoscopes
Authors: Jiancong Hu, Qinghua Zhong, Dezheng Lin, Mingli Su, Xuefeng Guo
Journal: Endoscopy (2023)

Patients with postoperative benign anastomotic stricture after treatment for colorectal cancer can be treated successfully by endoscopic stricturotomy [1] [2]. However, the treatment of complete anastomotic stenosis is difficult due to the absence of the intestinal canal. Here, we present a case of complete anastomotic stenosis treated by combined stricturotomy with two colonoscopes.
Cholangioscopy in IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis using texture and color enhancement imaging and red dichromatic imaging
Authors: Tomohiro Ishii, Takashi Kaneko, Ayumi Murakami, Masato Enomoto, Kazuya Sugimori, Ichiro Kawana, Shin Maeda
Journal: Endoscopy (2023)

Texture and color enhancement imaging (TXI) and red dichromatic imaging (RDI) modes are new image-enhancement options available on the EVIS X1 system (Olympus Corporation, Tokyo, Japan). TXI emphasizes slight differences in color tone and structural changes on the mucosal surface under normal light [1], whereas RDI may improve the visibility of deep blood vessels [2]. We previously reported the use of TXI- and RDI-mode cholangioscopy (CHF-B290, Olympus Corporation) in cholangiocarcinoma [3]. Here, we describe this technique in a patient with IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis (IgG4-SC) and autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP).
Choroidal Vascular Alterations in Spontaneous Carotid-Cavernous Fistula
Authors: Nan Luo, Shida Chen, Bingqian Liu
Journal: Ophthalmology (2023)

A 56-year-old woman presented with a 6-month history of painless redness in her left eye. Her vision was 20/25 with intraocular pressure of 15.7 mmHg, and without a history of trauma. Anterior segment with medical mydriasis showed dilated corkscrew episcleral and conjunctival vessels (A). Ultrawide-field OCT and angiography (BMizar, TowardPi Medical Technology) revealed a normal neuroretina, dilated and tortuous retinal veins, and corkscrew choroidal vessels resulting in an abnormal choroidal thickness map (B, C).
Gastric leak closure after the misdeployment of a lumen-apposing metal stent
Authors: Giuseppe Grande, Matteo Gottin, Lorenzo Carloni, Silvia Cocca, Salvatore Russo, Rita Conigliaro, Helga Bertani
Journal: Endoscopy (2023)

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided cystogastrostomy (EUS-CG) represents the main therapeutic modality for treatment of pancreatic fluid collections [1] [2]. While much has been written regarding technical advantages of lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMSs), there are limited data on the complications, which range from 7 % to 15 % [3] [4].
A signature of platelet reactivity in CBC scattergrams reveals genetic predictors of thrombotic disease risk
Authors: Hippolyte Verdier, Patrick Thomas, Joana Batista, Carly Kempster, Harriet McKinney, Nicholas Gleadall, John Danesh, Andrew Mumford, Johan W. M. Heemskerk, Willem H. Ouwehand, Kate Downes, William J. Astle, Ernest Turro
Journal: Blood (2023)

Genetic studies of platelet reactivity (PR) phenotypes may identify novel antiplatelet drug targets. However, such studies have been limited by small sample sizes (n < 5000) because of the complexity of measuring PR. We trained a model to predict PR from complete blood count (CBC) scattergrams. A genome-wide association study of this phenotype in 29 806 blood donors identified 21 distinct associations implicating 20 genes, of which 6 have been identified previously. The effect size estimates were significantly correlated with estimates from a study of flow cytometry-measured PR and a study of a phenotype of in vitro thrombus formation. A genetic score of PR built from the 21 variants was associated with the incidence rates of myocardial infarction and pulmonary embolism. Mendelian randomization analyses showed that PR was causally associated with the risks of coronary artery disease, stroke, and venous thromboembolism. Our approach provides a blueprint for using phenotype imputation to study the determinants of hard-to-measure but biologically important hematological traits.
<i>TP53</i> status and impact on AML prognosis within the ELN 2022 risk classification
Authors: Shaun Fleming, Xavier Cheng-Hong Tsai, Rhiannon Morris, Hsin-An Hou, Andrew H. Wei
Journal: Blood (2023)

This study reports the following: (1) frequency of TP53 comutation within each component of the European LeukemiaNet 2022 acute myeloid leukemia risk classification, (2) relevance of TP53 mutated variant allelic fraction <10%, (3) prognostic impact of -7, -5/del(5q), -17/abn(17p), complex karyotype/monosomal karyotype, or myelodysplasia-related gene mutations with/without mutated TP53.
Nimotuzumab Plus Gemcitabine for K-Ras Wild-Type Locally Advanced or Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Shukui Qin, Jin Li, Yuxian Bai, Zishu Wang, Zhendong Chen, Ruihua Xu, Jianming Xu, Hongmei Zhang, Jia Chen, Ying Yuan, Tianshu Liu, Lin Yang, Haijun Zhong, Donghui Chen, Lin Shen, Chunyi Hao, Deliang Fu, Ying Cheng, Jianwei Yang, Qiong Wang, Baoli Qin, Hongming Pan, Jun Zhang, Xianhong Bai, Qingshan Zheng
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2023)

In a phase IIb trial of nimotuzumab plus gemcitabine, substantial clinical benefits were observed in patients with locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer (PC). Therefore, we conducted a phase III clinical study to verify the efficacy and safety of this combination regimen in patients with K-Ras wild-type tumors (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02395016).
AI-Based Medical Solutions Can Threaten Physicians’ Ethical Obligations Only If Allowed to Do So
Authors: Benjamin Gregg
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2023)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeThis article refers to:Epistemic Rights and Responsibilities of Digital Simulacra for Biomedicine Additional informationFundingThe author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.
Aid in Dying Unaided?
Authors: Edwin Jesudason
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2023)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeThis article refers to:Neurologic Diseases and Medical Aid in Dying: Aid-in-Dying Laws Create an Underclass of Patients Based on DisabilityThis article is referred to by:Permit Assisted Self-Administration: A Response to Open Peer Commentaries on Neurologic Diseases and Medical Aid in Dying: Aid-in-Dying Laws Create an Underclass of Patients Based on Disability Additional informationFundingThe author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.
Ethics, First
Authors: Melissa D. McCradden
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2023)

"Ethics, First." The American Journal of Bioethics, 23(9), pp. 55–56This article refers to:Epistemic Rights and Responsibilities of Digital Simulacra for Biomedicine Notes1 Available as of 10 July 2023 from https://www.surveillance-studies.ca/projects/screening-surveillance/blaxitesAdditional informationFundingThe author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.
Should We be More Worried about Digital Simulacra in Healthcare Being Our “Caricatures,” Rather than Our “Replicas”?
Authors: Brad Partridge
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2023)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeThis article refers to:Epistemic Rights and Responsibilities of Digital Simulacra for Biomedicine Additional informationFundingBrad Partridge is employed through funding from an NHMRC Synergy Grant titled: “Roadmap Options for Melanoma Screening in Australia (Melanoma-ROSA)”.
Distinguishing “Reasonable Accommodation” From Physical Assistance in Aid-in-Dying
Authors: Isabel Astrachan, Benjamin E. Berkman
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2023)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeThis article refers to:Neurologic Diseases and Medical Aid in Dying: Aid-in-Dying Laws Create an Underclass of Patients Based on DisabilityThis article is referred to by:Permit Assisted Self-Administration: A Response to Open Peer Commentaries on Neurologic Diseases and Medical Aid in Dying: Aid-in-Dying Laws Create an Underclass of Patients Based on Disability ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThe views expressed here are our own and do not represent the views or policies of the Department of Health and Human Services or the National Institutes of Health.Notes1 California End of Life Option Act, Cal. Health & Safety Code §§ 443.1-.22; Colorado End of Life Options Act, Colo. Rev. Stat §§ 25-48-101 to -123; Hawaii Our Care, Our Choice Act, Haw. Rev. Stat. §§327L-1 to -25; New Jersey Aid in Dying for the Terminally Ill Act, N.J. Stat. §§ 26:16-1 to -20.2 Americans with Disabilities Act, 1990. 42 U.S.C. §§ 12132.3 29 CFR Ch. XIV, § 1630.16.4 Lonny Shavelson, M.D., et al., Plaintiffs, v. Robert Bonta, et al., Defendants. 21-cv-06654-VC (United States District Court, Northern District of California, 2022).Additional informationFundingThis research was funded by the Intramural Research Program at the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, and by the National Human Genome Research Institute Bioethics Core (Grant number 1ZIDHG200347).
A blood-based marker of mitochondrial DNA damage in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Rui Qi, Esther Sammler, Claudia P. Gonzalez-Hunt, Ivana Barraza, Nicholas Pena, Jeremy P. Rouanet, Yahaira Naaldijk, Steven Goodson, Marie Fuzzati, Fabio Blandini, Kirk I. Erickson, Andrea M. Weinstein, Michael W. Lutz, John B. Kwok, Glenda M. Halliday, Nicolas Dzamko, Shalini Padmanabhan, Roy N. Alcalay, Cheryl Waters, Penelope Hogarth, Tanya Simuni, Danielle Smith, Connie Marras, Francesca Tonelli, Dario R. Alessi, Andrew B. West, Sruti Shiva, Sabine Hilfiker, Laurie H. Sanders
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2023)

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the most common neurodegenerative movement disorder, and neuroprotective or disease-modifying interventions remain elusive. High-throughput markers aimed at stratifying patients on the basis of shared etiology are required to ensure the success of disease-modifying therapies in clinical trials. Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a prominent role in the pathogenesis of PD. Previously, we found brain region–specific accumulation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage in PD neuronal culture and animal models, as well as in human PD postmortem brain tissue. To investigate mtDNA damage as a potential blood-based marker for PD, we describe herein a PCR-based assay (Mito DNA DX ) that allows for the accurate real-time quantification of mtDNA damage in a scalable platform. We found that mtDNA damage was increased in peripheral blood mononuclear cells derived from patients with idiopathic PD and those harboring the PD-associated leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 ( LRRK2 ) G2019S mutation in comparison with age-matched controls. In addition, mtDNA damage was elevated in non–disease-manifesting LRRK2 mutation carriers, demonstrating that mtDNA damage can occur irrespective of a PD diagnosis. We further established that Lrrk2 G2019S knock-in mice displayed increased mtDNA damage, whereas Lrrk2 knockout mice showed fewer mtDNA lesions in the ventral midbrain, compared with wild-type control mice. Furthermore, a small-molecule kinase inhibitor of LRRK2 mitigated mtDNA damage in a rotenone PD rat midbrain neuron model and in idiopathic PD patient–derived lymphoblastoid cell lines. Quantifying mtDNA damage using the Mito DNA DX assay may have utility as a candidate marker of PD and for measuring the pharmacodynamic response to LRRK2 kinase inhibitors.
Acknowledging Complexity and Reimagining IRBs: A Reply to Discussions of the Protection–Inclusion Dilemma
Authors: Phoebe Friesen, Luke Gelinas, Aaron Kirby, David H. Strauss, Barbara E. Bierer
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2023)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeThis article refers to:Included but Still Invisible?: Considering the Protection-Inclusion Dilemma in Qualitative Research FindingsResearching Those in the Shadows: Undocumented Immigrants, Vulnerability, and the Significance of ResearchIntegrating Community Perspectives on Inclusion and Protection into IRB StructuresTransforming Bioethics: The Need for Strong Objectivity and StandpointsThe Protection-Inclusion Dilemma: A Global Distributive Justice PerspectiveWither Vulnerability? The Over/Under Protection Dilemma and Research EquityDon't Ask Too Much: Non-maleficence as the Guiding Principle in IRB Decision-MakingThe Research Protection-Inclusion Dilemma in Pregnancy: Who is Being Protected? Who is Being Included?IRBs and Industry Sponsors: Clash of PrioritiesReflection Requires RepresentationAdolescents, Sensitive Topics, and Appropriate Access to Biomedical Prevention ResearchSignificant Protection-Inclusion Tensions in Research on Medical Emergencies: A Practical Challenge for IRBsBalancing Protection and Inclusion by Including More Non-Scientist and Nonaffiliated Members on IRBsExtending Ethical Strides: From Tribal IRBs to the Bronx Community Research Review BoardCommunity Engagement and the Protection-Inclusion DilemmaWhat is Fair Representation in Research?Leveraging the Power of the Centralized IRB Review Notes1 See Food and Drug Administration (Citation2022) for draft guidance for industry related to inclusion initiatives.Additional informationFundingThis work was supported by National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (grant no. 3UL1TR002541).
Care Depersonalized: The Risk of Infocratic “Personalised” Care and a Posthuman Dystopia
Authors: Matthew Tieu, Alison L. Kitson
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2023)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeThis article refers to:Epistemic Rights and Responsibilities of Digital Simulacra for Biomedicine Notes1 The statement has thus far attracted hundreds of signatories including many high profile CEOs, AI researchers and academics. https://www.safe.ai/statement-on-ai-risk#open-letterAdditional informationFundingThe author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.
Value of and Value in Language: Ethics and Semantics in Physician-Assisted Suicide Laws
Authors: Thomas J. Reilly, Lauren B. Solberg
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2023)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Additional informationFundingAll views expressed are the authors’ own. The authors acknowledge the partial support for this project provided by a medical student scholarship from the Goodman Trust.
The anti-CD40L monoclonal antibody AT-1501 promotes islet and kidney allograft survival and function in nonhuman primates
Authors: Imran J. Anwar, Dora M. Berman, Isabel DeLaura, Qimeng Gao, Melissa A. Willman, Allison Miller, Alan Gill, Cindy Gill, Steve Perrin, Camillo Ricordi, Philip Ruiz, Mingqing Song, Joseph M. Ladowski, Allan D. Kirk, Norma S. Kenyon
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2023)

Prior studies of anti-CD40 ligand (CD40L)–based immunosuppression demonstrated effective prevention of islet and kidney allograft rejection in nonhuman primate models; however, clinical development was halted because of thromboembolic complications. An anti-CD40L-specific monoclonal antibody, AT-1501 (Tegoprubart), was engineered to minimize risk of thromboembolic complications by reducing binding to Fcγ receptors expressed on platelets while preserving binding to CD40L. AT-1501 was tested in both a cynomolgus macaque model of intrahepatic islet allotransplantation and a rhesus macaque model of kidney allotransplantation. AT-1501 monotherapy led to long-term graft survival in both islet and kidney transplant models, confirming its immunosuppressive potential. Furthermore, AT-1501–based regimens after islet transplant resulted in higher C-peptide, greater appetite leading to weight gain, and reduced occurrence of cytomegalovirus reactivation compared with conventional immunosuppression. These data support AT-1501 as a safe and effective agent to promote both islet and kidney allograft survival and function in nonhuman primate models, warranting further testing in clinical trials.
Digital Simulacra, Bias, and Self-Reinforcing Exclusion Cycles
Authors: Ana Bracic, W. Nicholson Price II
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2023)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeThis article refers to:Epistemic Rights and Responsibilities of Digital Simulacra for Biomedicine Additional informationFundingThe author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.
Permit Assisted Self-Administration: A Response to Open Peer Commentaries on Neurologic Diseases and Medical Aid in Dying: Aid-in-Dying Laws Create an Underclass of Patients Based on Disability
Authors: Thaddeus M. Pope, Lonny Shavelson, Margaret Pabst Battin, Alicia Ouellette, Benzi Kluger
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2023)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeThis article refers to:Neurologic Diseases and Medical Aid in Dying: Aid-in-Dying Laws Create an Underclass of Patients Based on DisabilityAccommodating Aid-in-Dying Safeguards for Patients with Neurologic DiseaseDistinguishing “Reasonable Accommodation” From Physical Assistance in Aid-in-DyingBeyond Words: Reconsidering the Moral Distinction of Action in Consent for Assisted DyingCurrent Medical Aid-in-Dying Laws Discriminate against Individuals with DisabilitiesCan People Work Together to Create a Self-Administered Act? No. Should They Work Together to Repeal the End of Life Option Act? YesPreventing the Slide down the Slippery Slope from Assisted Suicide to Euthanasia While Protecting the Rights of People with Disabilities Who Are “Not Dead Yet.”MAID in America: Expanding Our Gaze on the Ethics of AssistanceAid in Dying Unaided?The Importance of Self-Administration of Aid-in-Dying Medication Additional informationFundingThe author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.
Beyond Words: Reconsidering the Moral Distinction of Action in Consent for Assisted Dying
Authors: Matthew Cho, Liam G. McCoy, Connor T. A. Brenna, Sunit Das
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2023)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeThis article refers to:Neurologic Diseases and Medical Aid in Dying: Aid-in-Dying Laws Create an Underclass of Patients Based on DisabilityThis article is referred to by:Permit Assisted Self-Administration: A Response to Open Peer Commentaries on Neurologic Diseases and Medical Aid in Dying: Aid-in-Dying Laws Create an Underclass of Patients Based on Disability ACKNOWLEDGEMENTA special thank you to Rebecca Li, second-year law student at the University of Toronto, for contributing useful legal insights.DISCLOSURE STATEMENTNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThe author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.
Antimalondialdehyde Low-Density Lipoprotein Antibody Levels Predict Low-Attenuation Plaque in the SCOT-HEART Trial
Authors: Adam Hartley, Michelle C. Williams, Amit Kaura, Mikhail Caga-Anan, Damini Dey, Marc R. Dweck, Dorian O. Haskard, David E. Newby, Ramzi Y. Khamis
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2023)
Pharmacological Treatments in Heart Failure With Mildly Reduced and Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Stefanos Zafeiropoulos, Ioannis T. Farmakis, Ioannis Milioglou, Ioannis Doundoulakis, Eiran Z. Gorodeski, Stavros V. Konstantinides, Lauren Cooper, Stavros Zanos, Stavros Stavrakis, Grigorios Giamouzis, Javed Butler, George Giannakoulas
Journal: JACC Heart Failure (2023)