tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Intracranial pressure monitoring with and without brain tissue oxygen pressure monitoring for severe traumatic brain injury in France (OXY-TC): an open-label, randomised controlled superiority trial
Authors: Jean-François Payen, Yoann Launey, Russell Chabanne, Samuel Gay, Gilles Francony, Laurent Gergele, Emmanuel Vega, Ambroise Montcriol, David Couret, Vincent Cottenceau, Sebastien Pili-Floury, Clement Gakuba, Emmanuelle Hammad, Gerard Audibert, Julien Pottecher, Claire Dahyot-Fizelier, Lamine Abdennour, Tobias Gauss, Marion Richard, Antoine Vilotitch, Jean-Luc Bosson, Pierre Bouzat, Marie-Cecile Fevre, Clotilde SCHILTE, Olivier Vincent, Marie-Christine Hérault, Thomas Mistral, Thibaut Trouve-Buisson, Julien Picard, Dominique Falcon, Samuel Bersinger, Clément Mourey, Anaïs Adolle, Samia Salah, Pauline Manhes, Angélina Pollet, Frédéric GRECO, kevin CHALARD, Bailleul Andréa, Lionel Velly, Nicolas Bruder, Imane Inal, Clément Magand, Laetitia Burnol, Jérôme Morel, Anaèle PREGNY, Jean-Christophe FERRE, Elise Bannier, Thomas Lebouvier, Sophie Caradec, Claire-Marie Drevet, Abdelouaid Nadji, Romain Lewandowski, Frédéric DAILLER, Romain CARRILLON, Florent GOBERT, Thomas RITZENTHALER, Mathilde LECLERCQ, Nathalie Dumont, Claire Charpentier, Ionel Alb, Natalie De Sa, Nicolas Declerck, Pierre Boussemart, Julie Bellet, Eric MEAUDRE-DESGOUTTES, Erwan D'ARANDA, Pierre ESNAULT, Camille CHARRUAU, Rémy BELLIER, Thierry BENARD, Elsa Carise, Sabrina SEGUIN, Jean Yves Lefrant, Aurélien Daurat, Audrey Ambert, Marie Lebouc, Serge Hautefeuille, Etienne Escudier, Fabrice Bing, Bernard Cosserant, Romain Grobost, Camille Boissy, Marc Begard, Adrien Guyot, Kevin Lagarde, Elodie Caumon, Thomas Geeraerts, Maxime POMMIER, Edouard NABOULSI, Maxime BEILVERT, Elodie PARRY, Marc Leone, Laurent Zieleskiewicz, Gary Duclos, Charlotte Arbelot, Ichai Carole, Quintard Hervé, Diop Aminata, Louis Puybasset, Gregory Torkomian, Magdalena Szczot, Stephane Kremer, Guillaume Becker, Stephane Hecketsweiler, Dejan ILIC, Lucie VETTORETTI, Coline Grisotto, Romain Asmolov, Vincent Ehinger, Nathalie Laquay, Virginie Chevallier, Zahra Mahlal, Sigismond LASOCKI, Anne-Sylvie SCHOLASTIQUE, Thomas GAILLARD, Soizic GERGAUD, Emmanuel BARBIER, Florence TAHON, Alexandre KRAINIK, Michel DOJAT, Irène TROPRES, Bernard VIGUE, Laura LEO, Vincent Piriou, Antoine Coquerel, Jean-Luc Cracowski, Francois Proust, Michel Mallaret
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2023)
Effect of blood pressure-lowering agents on microvascular function in people with small vessel diseases (TREAT-SVDs): a multicentre, open-label, randomised, crossover trial
Authors: Anna Kopczak, Michael S Stringer, Hilde van den Brink, Danielle Kerkhofs, Gordon W Blair, Maud van Dinther, Carmen Arteaga Reyes, Daniela Jaime Garcia, Laurien Onkenhout, Karolina A Wartolowska, Michael J Thrippleton, Agniete Kampaite, Marco Duering, Julie Staals, Saskia Lesnik-Oberstein, Keith W Muir, Martin Middeke, Bo Norrving, Marie-Germaine Bousser, Ulrich Mansmann, Peter M Rothwell, Fergus N Doubal, Robert van Oostenbrugge, Geert Jan Biessels, Alastair J S Webb, Joanna M Wardlaw, Martin Dichgans, Anna Kopczak, Michael S. Stringer, Hilde van den Brink, Danielle Kerkhofs, Gordon W. Blair, Maud van Dinther, Carmen Arteaga Reyes, Daniela Jaime Garcia, Laurien Onkenhout, Karolina A. Wartolowska, Michael J. Thrippleton, Agniete Kampaite, Marco Duering, Julie Staals, Saskia Lesnik-Oberstein, Keith Muir, Martin Middeke, Bo Norrving, Marie-Germaine Bousser, Ulrich Mansmann, Peter M. Rothwell, Fergus N. Doubal, Robert van Oostenbrugge, Geert Jan Biessels, Alastair J.S. Webb, Joanna Wardlaw, Martin Dichgans, Elisabeth André, Stefan Kääb, Hans-Joachim Anders, Remco Hack, Maria Kaffe, Anna Dewenter, Rainer Malik
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2023)
Cartilage-inspired self-assembly glycopeptide hydrogels for cartilage regeneration via ROS scavenging
Authors: Zhijian Zhao, Xiaowei Xia, Junlin Liu, Mingzhuang Hou, Yang Liu, Zhangzhe Zhou, Yong Xu, Fan He, Huilin Yang, Yijian Zhang, Changshun Ruan, Xuesong Zhu
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2023)

Cartilage injury represents a frequent dilemma in clinical practice owing to its inherently limited self-renewal capacity. Biomimetic strategy-based engineered biomaterial, capable of coordinated regulation for cellular and microenvironmental crosstalk, provides an adequate avenue to boost cartilage regeneration. The level of oxidative stress in microenvironments is verified to be vital for tissue regeneration, yet it is often overlooked in engineered biomaterials for cartilage regeneration. Herein, inspired by natural cartilage architecture, a fibril-network glycopeptide hydrogel (Nap-FFGRGD@FU), composed of marine-derived polysaccharide fucoidan (FU) and naphthalenephenylalanine-phenylalanine-glycine-arginine-glycine-aspartic peptide (Nap-FFGRGD), was presented through a simple supramolecular self-assembly approach. The Nap-FFGRGD@FU hydrogels exhibit a native cartilage-like architecture, characterized by interwoven collagen fibers and attached proteoglycans. Beyond structural simulation, fucoidan-exerted robust biological effects and Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) sequence-provided cell attachment sites realized functional reinforcement, synergistically promoted extracellular matrix (ECM) production and reactive oxygen species (ROS) elimination, thus contributing to chondrocytes-ECM harmony. In vitro co-culture with glycopeptide hydrogels not only facilitated cartilage ECM anabolic metabolism but also scavenged ROS accumulation in chondrocytes. Mechanistically, the chondro-protective effects induced by glycopeptide hydrogels rely on the activation of endogenous antioxidant pathways associated with nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2). In vivo implantation of glycopeptide hydrogels successfully improved the de novo cartilage generation by 1.65-fold, concomitant with coordinately restructured subchondral bone structure. Collectively, our ingeniously crafted bionic glycopeptide hydrogels simultaneously rewired chondrocytes' function by augmenting anabolic metabolism and rebuilt ECM microenvironment via preserving redox equilibrium, holding great potential for cartilage tissue engineering.
Differentiating pathologic parathyroid glands from thyroid nodules on neck ultrasound: the PARATH-US cross-sectional study
Authors: Dolly Yazgi, Carine Richa, Sylvie Salenave, Peter Kamenicky, Amel Bourouina, Lorraine Clavier, Margot Dupeux, Jean-François Papon, Jacques Young, Philippe Chanson, Luigi Maione
Journal: The Lancet Regional Health - Europe (2023)

Neck ultrasound (US) is a widely used and accessible operator-dependent technique that helps characterize thyroid nodules and pathologic parathyroid glands (PPGs). However, thyroid nodules may sometimes be confused with PPGs. PARATH-US study aims at identifying US characteristics to differentiate PPGs from thyroid nodules, as there is no study, at present, which directly compares the US features of these two common neoplasms.PARATH-US is a single-center study that was conducted at a tertiary referral center, including consecutive lesions from patients undergoing neck US examination from 2016 to 2022.176 PPGs (158 patients: serum calcium levels 2.91 [IQR 2.74-3.05] mmol/L, PTH levels 173 [112-296] ng/L) were compared to 232 size- and volume-matched thyroid nodules (204 age- and sex-matched patients). The morphologic patterns, echoic content and vascular status were all different between PPGs and thyroid neoplasms (p < 0.01 for all comparisons). The combined parameters maximally discriminated PPGs from thyroid nodules (OR, 7.6; 95% CI: 3.4, 17.1, p < 0.0001). When applying risk stratification systems developed for thyroid malignancies, 58-63% of PPGs were classified as high-risk lesions. Parathyroid adenomas had larger sizes and volumes than hyperplasias (p = 0.013 and p = 0.029). Serum calcium and PTH levels were significantly correlated with PPG size and volume (p < 0.0001 for all comparisons).We demonstrate the presence of distinct US characteristics in PPGs, which help differentiate them from thyroid nodules. When mistaken for thyroid nodules, PPGs bear high-risk US features. When dealing with high-risk cervical lesions detected on US, a PPG should be suspected, and an assessment of calcium levels recommended to avoid unnecessary invasive procedures.CYTO-TRAIN, C2022DOSRH053, funded by the French Regional Health Agency.
Unveiling the gender gap: exploring gender disparities in European academic landscape
Authors: Sara Farina, Raffaella Iafrate, Stefania Boccia
Journal: The Lancet Regional Health - Europe (2023)

Gender inequality is a widespread and enduring problem that has been acknowledged and discussed for centuries.Despite recent efforts promoting gender equality, women still encounter discrimination from individuals and society, facing issues such as genderbased violence, workplace discrimination, and underrepresentation in leadership roles.Robust evidence unequivocally highlights that these inequalities are particularly pronounced in academic and research sectors, where progress in addressing gender disparities remains disappointingly slow. 1 Although women have achieved parity in educational attainment, globally accounting for 45-55% of bachelor's and master's degrees, the gender discrepancy in academic career advancement is widening.According to the UNESCO Institute for Statistics, data reveal that women comprise approximately 33% of researchers worldwide, but this number falls among higher professional roles according to the "leaky pipeline" phenomenon. 2 In Europe, although women represent nearly half of grade C positions, grade A positions that include full professors and directors of research 3 comprised only 26⋅2% women in 2018 (Fig. 1), a minimal improvement on the 24⋅1% in 2015. 4This gap is especially pronounced in the scientific sector: while for the humanities disciplines women in category A exceeded 30% in 2018, among the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) fields, the figures drop to 22% for the natural sciences and 17.9% for engineering and technology (Fig. 1). 4 The inadequate inclusion of women in academia is driven by significant barriers and a "glass ceiling" that hamper their career and restrict their potential.Obstacles such as implicit biases, limited networking opportunities, and work-life balance challenges prevent women's advancement to senior positions in academia and research. 1Female researchers face significant challenges in achieving equal recognition and visibility for their work, as biases in peer review processes and
Flow-diverter stents in intracranial aneurysm treatment: impact on covered cerebral artery branches
Authors: Junyu Liu, Fang Cao, Nibu Zhenmei, Yuxin Guo, Yifeng Li, Dun Yuan, Weixi Jiang, Junxia Yan
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

Objective: Flow diverter stents (FDSs) have attracted interest for intracranial aneurysm (IA) treatment; however, occlusion of side branches and related complications have been reported. This study aimed to investigate the effects of FDSs in IA management when different branches of intracranial arteries are covered. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using PUBMED, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases to include randomized or non-randomized comparative designed studies from January 2000 to August 2022 which reported outcomes of occlusion/narrowing of branches after IA treatment using FDSs. The PRISMA guidelines were used for data abstraction and assessing data quality and validity. Random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to pool the outcomes included incidence rates of occlusion/narrowing of FDS-covered branches, branch occlusion-related symptoms, obliteration of IAs, and ideal clinical outcomes (modified Rankin Scale score ≤ 2). Results: We identified 57 studies involving 3789 patients with IA managed by FDSs covering different branches. During the median imaging follow-up at 12 months, the IA obliteration rate was satisfactory (&gt;70%) when covering the ophthalmic artery (OA), posterior communicating artery (PComA), anterior choroidal artery (AChoA) or anterior cerebral artery (ACA), but not the middle cerebral artery-M2 segment (MCA-M2; 69.5%; 95% CI, 50.8%–77.5%) and posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA; 59.1%, 13/22). The overall ideal clinical outcome was observed in 97.4% of patients (95% CI, 95.5%–98.9%). Higher rates of occlusion/narrowing of branches were identified when FDSs covered the ACA (66.6%; 95% CI, 45.1%–85.3%), PComA (44.3%; 95% CI, 34.2%–54.6%), or MCA-M2 (39.2%; 95% CI, 24.5%–40.8%); the risks were lower when covering the OA (13.0%; 95% CI, 9.7%–16.7%), PICA (6.8%; 95% CI, 1.5%–14.5%), and AchoA (0.5%; 95% CI, 0.0%–2.9%). The risk of branch-occlusion-related complications was low (incidence rate &lt;5%) for each of the six evaluated branches. Conclusions: Acceptable outcomes were identified following treatment of IAs when FDSs were placed across each of the six studied cerebral arteries. Treatment decisions regarding FDS placement across branch arteries should be made with the risk of complications from branch occlusion in mind.
Physician–scientist trainees with parenting responsibilities need financial and childcare support
Authors: Caroline S. Jansen, Ayaka Sugiura, Lauren Stalbow, Christie Nguyen, Jacelyn Peabody Lever, Amy Peiper, Amara Plaza-Jennings, Linda Varvel, Megan A. Williams, Ali Zarrinpar, Talia H. Swartz
Journal: Nature Medicine (2023)
Measurement properties of health-related quality of life measures for people living with metastatic disease of the spine: a systematic review
Authors: Liang Qiao, Xing Ding, Shaohui He, Fan Zhang, Wenlong Yu, Luosheng Zhang, Dingbang Chen, Xin Gao, Peilin Chu, Yinjie Yan, Quan Huang, Xinghai Yang, Mengchen Yin
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

Purpose: Patients with spinal metastases (SM) suffer from a significant quality of life (QoL) deterioration. The measurement of QoL has garnered significant attention. In this study, we aimed to investigate the frequency of QoL measurement, systematically appraise the measurement properties of identified instruments, and facilitate the effective selection of an appropriate QoL instrument for patients with SM. Methods: This systematic review adhered to the newly revised Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement guidelines. The methodological quality of studies was assessed using the Consensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) checklist. Measurement property results were assessed using the adapted criteria. Each measurement property was allocated a separate rating (excellent, good, fair, or poor). “Best evidence synthesis” was performed using COSMIN outcomes and the quality of findings. Result: Two hundred and nine publications were included, and 18 instruments were identified. ECOG, EuroQol-5D, SF-36, SOSGOQ, and EORTC-QLQ-C30 were the top five instruments used for patients with SM in published literature. The measurement properties evaluated included internal consistency (four instruments), reliability (three instruments), validity (five instruments), validity (nine measures), floor and ceiling effects (four instruments), responsiveness (four instruments), and interpretability (three measures). Based on the limited evidence, Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) had the best methodological quality. Conclusions: Owing to the limitation of BPI in assessment domains, we cannot fully support the use of BPI. For the lack of high-quality research, it is challenging to nominate a single appropriate measure. Additional studies needed to explore the evidence before a confirmatory decision is made.
COVID-19 Vaccination Willingness and Reasons for Vaccine Refusal
Authors: Phyllis Lun, Ke Ning, Yishan Wang, Tiffany S. W. Ma, Francis P. Flores, Xiao Xiao, Mythily Subramaniam, Edimansyah Abdin, Linwei Tian, Tim K. Tsang, Kathy Leung, Joseph T. Wu, Benjamin J. Cowling, Gabriel M. Leung, Michael Y. Ni
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Importance Hong Kong was held as an exemplar for pandemic response until it recorded the world’s highest daily COVID-19 mortality, which was likely due to vaccine refusal. To prevent this high mortality in future pandemics, information on underlying reasons for vaccine refusal is necessary. Objectives To track the evolution of COVID-19 vaccination willingness and uptake from before vaccine rollout to mass vaccination, to examine factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine refusal and compare with data from Singapore, and to assess the population attributable fraction for vaccine refusal. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study used data from randomly sampled participants from 14 waves of population-based studies in Hong Kong (February 2020 to May 2022) and 2 waves of population-based studies in Singapore (May 2020 to June 2021 and October 2021 to January 2022), and a population-wide registry of COVID-19 vaccination appointments. Data were analyzed from February 23, 2021, to May 30, 2022. Exposures Trust in COVID-19 vaccine information sources (ie, health authorities, physicians, traditional media, and social media); COVID-19 vaccine confidence on effectiveness, safety, and importance; COVID-19 vaccine misconceptions on safety and high-risk groups; political views; and COVID-19 policies (ie, workplace vaccine mandates and vaccine pass). Main Outcomes and Measures Primary outcomes were the weighted prevalence of COVID-19 vaccination willingness over the pandemic, adjusted incidence rate ratios, and population attributable fractions of COVID-19 vaccine refusal. A secondary outcome was change in daily COVID-19 vaccination appointments. Results The study included 28 007 interviews from 20 waves of longitudinal data, with 1114 participants in the most recent wave (median [range] age, 54.2 years [20-92] years; 571 [51.3%] female). Four factors—mistrust in health authorities, low vaccine confidence, vaccine misconceptions, and political views—could jointly account for 82.2% (95% CI, 62.3%-100.0%) of vaccine refusal in adults aged 18 to 59 years and 69.3% (95% CI, 47.2%-91.4%) of vaccine refusal in adults aged 60 years and older. Workplace vaccine mandates were associated with 62.2% (95% CI, 9.9%-139.2%) increases in daily COVID-19 vaccination appointments, and the Hong Kong vaccine pass was associated with 124.8% (95% CI, 65.9%-204.6%) increases in daily COVID-19 vaccination appointments. Conclusions and Relevance These findings suggest that trust in health authorities was fundamental to overcoming vaccine hesitancy. As such, engendering trust in health care professionals, experts, and public health agencies should be incorporated into pandemic preparedness and response.
PET/CT Biomarkers Enable Risk Stratification of Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma Enrolled in the LOTIS-2 Clinical Trial
Authors: Juan Pablo Alderuccio, Isildinha M. Reis, Mehdi Hamadani, Muthiah Nachiappan, Salman Leslom, Brad S. Kahl, Weiyun Z. Ai, John Radford, Melhem Solh, Kirit M. Ardeshna, Brian T. Hess, Matthew A. Lunning, Pier Luigi Zinzani, Anastasios Stathis, Carmelo Carlo-Stella, Izidore S. Lossos, Paolo F. Caimi, Sunwoo Han, Fei Yang, Russ A. Kuker, Craig H. Moskowitz
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2023)

Abstract Purpose: Significant progress has occurred in developing quantitative PET/CT biomarkers in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Total metabolic tumor volume (MTV) is the most extensively studied, enabling assessment of FDG-avid tumor burden associated with outcomes. However, prior studies evaluated the outcome of cytotoxic chemotherapy or chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy without data on recently approved FDA agents. Therefore, we aimed to assess the prognosis of PET/CT biomarkers in patients treated with loncastuximab tesirine. Experimental Design: We centrally reviewed screening PET/CT scans of patients with relapsed/refractory DLBCL enrolled in the LOTIS-2 (NCT03589469) study. MTV was obtained by computing individual volumes using the SUV ≥4.0 threshold. Other PET/CT metrics, clinical factors, and the International Metabolic Prognostic Index (IMPI) were evaluated. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between biomarkers and treatment response. Cox regression was used to determine the effect of biomarkers on time-to-event outcomes. We estimated biomarker prediction as continuous and binary variables defined by cutoff points. Results: Across 138 patients included in this study, MTV with a cutoff point of 96 mL was the biomarker associated with the highest predictive performance in univariable and multivariable models to predict failure to achieve complete metabolic response (OR, 5.42; P = 0.002), progression-free survival (HR, 2.68; P = 0.002), and overall survival (HR, 3.09; P &amp;lt; 0.0001). IMPI demonstrated an appropriate performance, however, not better than MTV alone. Conclusions: Pretreatment MTV demonstrated robust risk stratification, with those patients demonstrating high MTV achieving lower responses and survival to loncastuximab tesirine in relapsed/refractory DLBCL.
Law Enforcement Officer Knowledge of, Attitudes Toward, and Willingness to Use Extreme Risk Protection Orders
Authors: Veronica A. Pear, Alaina De Biasi, Amanda Charbonneau
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Importance Understanding knowledge of, attitudes toward, and willingness to use extreme risk protection order (ERPO) laws among law enforcement officers (LEOs) can inform efforts to improve implementation of this underused firearm violence prevention strategy. Objective To characterize LEOs’ knowledge of, attitudes toward, and willingness to use ERPOs across a range of scenarios. Design, Setting, and Participants A cross-sectional online survey, fielded from April 5 to August 30, 2021, was conducted in all 19 states and the District of Columbia with an ERPO law in 2021. A nonprobability sample of active-duty LEOs was used. Exposure Being a LEO in a state with an ERPO law. Main Outcomes and Measures Survey participants answered questions about their familiarity with and opinions on ERPO laws, as well as whether they would agree with using an ERPO in a variety of specific case scenarios. The analysis included an exploration of whether within-scenario differences, such as ERPO respondent race or gender, affected agreement by randomly assigning survey participants to 1 of 2 versions of each scenario. Results A total of 600 eligible individuals started the survey, and 283 survey participants were included in the analysis. The analytic sample consisted mostly of cisgender men (85.2%) and non-Hispanic White (71.4%) LEOs. Participants represented 14 states and the District of Columbia, with 53.7% living in California. Most participants (81.3%) were very or somewhat familiar with ERPO laws and 56.2% had received ERPO training. Opinions about ERPO laws were generally favorable but varied by self-identified political ideology. Across all scenarios, most participants supported using an ERPO; however, support was highest in cases involving intimate partner violence (71.4%-78.6%) and lowest in cases involving suicidality (54.2%-73.3%). Across all scenarios, LEOs with ERPO training or experience were substantially more likely to agree with using ERPOs than those without. None of the randomly assigned within-scenario differences were associated with differences in ERPO support. Conclusions and Relevance In this survey study of LEOs in states with ERPO laws, many officers had not received training on their use. Additionally, while conservative political ideology was associated with less favorable views of ERPOs, training and experience with ERPOs was associated with greater support for their use across a range of scenarios. These findings suggest that LEO training on ERPOs may promote their uptake and improve implementation.
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Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Milena Cioana, BHSc; Jiawen Deng; Maggie Hou, BHSc; Ajantha Nadarajah, BHSc; Yuan Qiu, BHSc; Sondra Song Jie Chen, BHSc; Angelica Rivas, BHSc; Laura Banfield, MLIS, MHSc; Rahul Chanchlani, MD, MSc; Allison Dart, MD, MSc; Brandy Wicklow, MD, MSc; Haifa Alfaraidi, MD; Ahlam Alotaibi, MD; Lehana Thabane, PhD; M. Constantine Samaan, MD, MSc