tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A comparison of colorectal polyp detection in average-risk FIT +ve screening and age-controlled symptomatic cohorts
Authors: N. O'Morain, P. Girod, L. Kumar, M. Mccrossan, O. Casey, E. Joy, G. Horgan, H. Mulcahy, G. Doherty
Journal: Endoscopy (2023)

Aims Colonoscopy is a finite resource. There are two main pathways of referral in Ireland; a population based screening programme (60-69y) and symptomatic patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the findings of advanced colorectal polyps and cancer in this age group.
Prospective, randomized, single center study to evaluate efficacy of novel red dichromatic imaging (RDI) in achieving hemostasis during peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM): interim analysis of a pilot study
Authors: P. Inavolu, M. Ramchandani, Z. Nabi, S. Darisetty, S. F. Memon, N. Jagtap, N. Singla, H. Rughwani, A. Pratap Singh, D. N. Reddy
Journal: Endoscopy (2023)

Aims To assess the reduction in total procedural time using Red dichromatic imaging (RDI) compared to white light imaging in achieving haemostasis during POEM. The use of RDI in comparison with white light imaging (WLI) in achieving haemostasis, ease of mucosal entry by using RDI when compared to WLI and psychological stress experienced by endoscopists during haemostasis treatment.
Patient involvement in developing a colonoscopy-specific patient-reported experience measure for quality improvement
Authors: A. Rosvall, M. Axelsson, S. Toth, C. Kumlien, M. Annersten Gershater
Journal: Endoscopy (2023)

Aims Patient-reported experience measures (PREMs) are highlighted as clinically relevant information to better understand and address what matters to patients. Furthermore, patients’ experiences of the colonoscopy procedure are important quality indicators according to the ESGE-guidelines (Kaminski et al. 2017). To ensure that significant experiences are measured, patients should be involved in creating the measurements. The aim was to develop a colonoscopy-specific PREM in co-production with patients.
Endoscopic Transoral Outlet Reduction (TORe) for weight re-gain (WR) in patients after One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass (OAGB) – Case Series
Authors: L. Bannon, R. Reicher, M. Shnell, S. Fishman
Journal: Endoscopy (2023)

Methods Patients after OAGB with WR of >10% of the nadir achieved after surgery were considered for TORe. After diagnostic gastroscopy excluded any contra-indications TORe was carried out under general anasthesia using circumferential argon plasma coagulation and a suture pattern that created an elongated narrowing of the anastomosis to <10mm (Tubular TORe). All patients were followed prospectively after giving informed concent prior to the procedure [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] 12.
Upper GI endoscopy for the detection of early esophageal neoplasia: a retrospective cohort study from Germany
Authors: F. L. Dumoulin, A. Faust, I. Steinbrück
Journal: Endoscopy (2023)

Aims Interval cancers after initial cancer negative upper GI endoscopy are not rare (Alexandre et al.). Here, we have analyzed the primary assessment of esophageal early neoplastic lesions which were then sent for endoscopic treatment in a tertiary referral center in Germany.
ESD for esophageal adenocarcinoma in decompensated cirrhosis and esophageal varices
Authors: E. Santos Pérez, D. De Frutos Rosa, J. Santiago Garcia, F. Valentin Gomez, S. P. Martín, A. Dotor, A. Martins Pinto da Costa, A. Herreros De Tejada Echanojauregui
Journal: Endoscopy (2023)

Abstract Text A 65-year-old man with advanced cirrhosis (large esophageal varices) with a a 15 mm 0-IIa+IIc lesion arising from a C2M3 BE (intramucosal cancer, cT1N0M0 EUS&CT).ESD was performed and despite platelet and somatostatin therapy, significant variceal bleeding episodes were noted (use of coagulation forceps and hemostatic gel).Pathology examination revealed pT1aG1 12 mm LV+ MH0MVx (649 µm) adenocarcinoma (32x33mm specimen).Esophageal ESD in cirrhotic patients with large esophageal varices, though a technical challenge to manage variceal bleeding, can still be a valid curative approach, avoiding the high surgical risk associated.
Role of various biomarkers in predicting prognosis in patients with acute pancreatitis
Authors: S. Shetty, S. Rajpurohit, A. Mahajan, B. Musunuri
Journal: Endoscopy (2023)

Aims Acute pancreatitis (AP) is complicated by local and systemic complications and associated with high morbidity and mortality. Predicting the severity or complication is crucial in making a clinical decision. There is no ideal scoring system to predict severity and local complication. Hence we directed the present study to identify the potential biomarker and scoring system for predicting severity and complication in patients with early AP.
The Role of Endoscopic Ultrasound for Diagnosis of Remnant Rectal Neuroendocrine Tumor
Authors: S. J. Kim, J. Lee, J. H. Lee, H. S. Park, J. I. Lee, S. M. Lee
Journal: Endoscopy (2023)

Aims This study aimed to investigate the role of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) for evaluation of remnant rectalneuro-endocrine tumor (NET) after forceps biopsy, snare polypectomy, and endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes
Endoscopic dissection of a complex rectal lesion assisted by novel technology for a deep submucosal tunneling and levelling
Authors: S. Zeidan, J. Sebastian, N. Bagla, S. El Kady, P. Gatopoulos, S. Mangam, Z. Tsiamoulos
Journal: Endoscopy (2023)

Abstract Text 84-year-old female with LST-GM lesion with a prominent nodule (Paris 0+IIa+Is3, Kudo V4, JNET 2B5) in the distal rectum. A Speedboat-assisted Submucosal Dissection/SSD approach delivering bipolar radiofrequency energy for cutting tissue, and microwave energy for controlling bleeding was applied. To augment the visualisation and retraction of the lesion, double clip-with-line tractions were deployed on both arches of the tunnel. ‘Inside(tunnel)-out(edges)’ sweeping movements were repeated to expand the tunnel, mostly in a 3-to-9/6-to-12 o’clock direction. The en-bloc pinned-out specimen measured 10cmx7.5cm and intact muscle layer. Histology confirmed R0 TVA L&HGD. First surveillance revealed no recurrence with and no stenosis.
Rectal endometriosis. A case report
Authors: C. Bógalo Romero, C. Espuche Jiménez, F. J. Sánchez Roncero, A. Pereñiguez López, T. Fernández Llamas, J. Noa Turnes, L. Madrigal Bayonas, J. Alvaro Choque, J. Egea Valenzuela, F. Alberca De Las Parras
Journal: Endoscopy (2023)

Aims We present the case of a 38-year-old woman who presented episodes of painless intermittent rectal bleeding. The patient has no medical-surgical history of interest. During the last year she has suspended oral contraceptives due to reproductive desires.
Endoscopic fundoplication with EsophyX-Z for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Initial results in a case serie study of 18 patients
Authors: R. Temiño López-Jurado, R. Turró Arau, M. Rosinach, J. Michelena, M. Da Costa, A. Ortega Sabater, H. Uchima, M. Ble, J. Espinós
Journal: Endoscopy (2023)

Aims Transoral incisionless fundoplication (TIF) is an endoscopic alternative for the treatment of GERD in small hernias, and it can also be performed after a laparoscopic hernia repair (cTIF) in hernias > 2cm. The low rates of reported dysphagia makes this technique a great treatment option. The aim is to evaluate feasibility, safety and efficacy of the technique in an initial series of 18 patients.
Exposed versus non-exposed endoscopic full thickness resection for duodenal sub-epithelial lesions: A tertiary care center experience
Authors: Z. Nabi, I. Pradev, J. Basha, D. N. Reddy, S. Darishetty
Journal: Endoscopy (2023)

Aims Endoscopic full thickness resection (EFTR) has been shown to be effective in selected lesions located in stomach and colorectum. The data are limited data regarding the feasibility, safety and efficacy of EFTR in duodenum. In this study, we aim to evaluate the feasibility and safety of exposed and non-exposed EFTR in cases with large (≥10 mm) duodenal sub-epithelial lesions.
Echoendoscopy-ERCP tandem strategy for suspected choledocholithiasis compared to MRI in hospitalized patients
Authors: I. Couto, C. Cabezal, A. Pereiros, M. Gómez, L. Pardeiro, S. Gamundi, R. Nogueira, B. González, E. Estévez, J. Souto, P. Alonso
Journal: Endoscopy (2023)

Aims The objective of our study is to determine the differences between performing EUS-ERCP in tandem or MRI to rule out choledocholithiasis in hospitalized patients who are at risk.
The predictive value of the red density score for sustained clinical remission: a retrospective cohort analysis
Authors: P. Sinonquel, P. Bossuyt, M. Takanobu, Y. Ikemoto, S. Vermeire, R. Bisschops
Journal: Endoscopy (2023)

Aims In this retrospective cohort analysis we aimed to assess the predictive value of the RD sore for sustained clinical remission in a 5 year follow-up.
Tolerability of Endoscopic Variceal Ligation in Cirrhotic Patients without Sedation
Authors: M. F. Hanif, K. Shafiq, A. Ilyas, N. Zakir, K. A. Malik, U. Aujla
Journal: Endoscopy (2023)

Aims Endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) is generally performed either with propofol or conscious sedation using midazolam. These agents reduce anxiety and discomfort, hence increase acceptance and tolerability. However, serious adverse events were observed with sedation. Furthermore, additional social implications include prolonged hospital stay, need of transportation, time off from work and requirement of overnight care. We aim to assess the tolerability and safety of EVL with Xylocaine throat spray comparing with diagnostic EGD.
Bouveret syndrome: endoscopic and surgical approach: Electrohydraulic and laser lithotripsy plus enterostomy
Authors: A. Rodriguez
Journal: Endoscopy (2023)

Abstract Text A 90-year-old male, who consulted the emergency room for vomiting. Abdominal CT confirming the diagnosis of S. de Bouveret. We proceed to perform lithotripsy with an electrohydraulic probe However, awaiting the procedure, the bulbous lithiasis migrates to the jejunum and produces a intestinal occlusion, while a second lithiasis of 3 cm migrated towards the bulb. It is decided to carry out a lithotripsy of the calculus in the bulb and enterotomy + extraction of the first lithiasis. When performing the initial lithotripsy, again the third calculus migrates through the fistula and requires repeating the procedure (a single probe).
Intraoperative bioprinting of human adipose-derived stem cells and extra-cellular matrix induces hair follicle-like downgrowths and adipose tissue formation during full-thickness craniomaxillofacial skin reconstruction
Authors: Youngnam Kang, Miji Yeo, Irem Deniz Derman, Dino J. Ravnic, Yogendra Pratap Singh, Mecit Altan Alioglu, Yang Wu, Jasson Makkar, Ryan R. Driskell, Ibrahim T. Ozbolat
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2023)

Craniomaxillofacial (CMF) reconstruction is a challenging clinical dilemma. It often necessitates skin replacement in the form of autologous graft or flap surgery, which differ from one another based on hypodermal/dermal content. Unfortunately, both approaches are plagued by scarring, poor cosmesis, inadequate restoration of native anatomy and hair, alopecia, donor site morbidity, and potential for failure. Therefore, new reconstructive approaches are warranted, and tissue engineered skin represents an exciting alternative. In this study, we demonstrated the reconstruction of CMF full-thickness skin defects using intraoperative bioprinting (IOB), which enabled the repair of defects via direct bioprinting of multiple layers of skin on immunodeficient rats in a surgical setting. Using a newly formulated patient-sourced allogenic bioink consisting of both human adipose-derived extracellular matrix (adECM) and stem cells (ADSCs), skin loss was reconstructed by precise deposition of the hypodermal and dermal components under three different sets of animal studies. adECM, even at a very low concentration such as 2 % or less, has shown to be bioprintable via droplet-based bioprinting and exhibited de novo adipogenic capabilities both in vitro and in vivo. Our findings demonstrate that the combinatorial delivery of adECM and ADSCs facilitated the reconstruction of three full-thickness skin defects, accomplishing near-complete wound closure within two weeks. More importantly, both hypodermal adipogenesis and downgrowth of hair follicle-like structures were achieved in this two-week time frame. Our approach illustrates the translational potential of using human-derived materials and IOB technologies for full-thickness skin loss.
Micro‐Vessels‐Like 3D Scaffolds for Studying the Proton Radiobiology of Glioblastoma‐Endothelial Cells Co‐Culture Models
Authors: Qais Akolawala, Floor Keuning, Marta Rovituso, Wouter van Burik, Ernst van der Wal, Henri H. Versteeg, Araci M. R. Rondon, Angelo Accardo
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a devastating cancer of the brain with an extremely poor prognosis. While X-ray radiotherapy and chemotherapy remain the current standard, proton beam therapy is an appealing alternative as protons can damage cancer cells while sparing the surrounding healthy tissue. However, the effects of protons on in vitro GBM models at the cellular level, especially when co-cultured with endothelial cells, the building blocks of brain micro-vessels, are still unexplored. In this work, novel 3D-engineered scaffolds inspired by the geometry of brain microvasculature are designed, where GBM cells cluster and proliferate. The architectures are fabricated by two-photon polymerization (2PP), pre-cultured with endothelial cells (HUVECs), and then cultured with a human GBM cell line (U251). The micro-vessel structures enable GBM in vivo-like morphologies, and the results show a higher DNA double-strand breakage in GBM monoculture samples when compared to the U251/HUVECs co-culture, with cells in 2D featuring a larger number of DNA damage foci when compared to cells in 3D. The discrepancy in terms of proton radiation response indicates a difference in the radioresistance of the GBM cells mediated by the presence of HUVECs and the possible induction of stemness features that contribute to radioresistance and improved DNA repair.
Pediatric low-grade glioma: State-of-the-art and ongoing challenges
Authors: Jason Fangusaro, David T Jones, Roger J Packer, David H Gutmann, Till Milde, Olaf Witt, Sabine Mueller, Michael J Fisher, Jordan R Hansford, Uri Tabori, Darren Hargrave, Pratiti Bandopadhayay
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2023)

Abstract The most common childhood central nervous system (CNS) tumor is pediatric low-grade glioma (pLGG), representing 30%–40% of all CNS tumors in children. Although there is high associated morbidity, tumor-related mortality is relatively rare. pLGG is now conceptualized as a chronic disease, underscoring the importance of functional outcomes and quality-of-life measures. A wealth of data has emerged about these tumors, including a better understanding of their natural history and their molecular drivers, paving the way for the use of targeted inhibitors. While these treatments have heralded tremendous promise, challenges remain about how to best optimize their use, and the long-term toxicities associated with these inhibitors remain unknown. The International Pediatric Low-Grade Glioma Coalition (iPLGGc) is a global group of physicians and scientists with expertise in pLGG focused on addressing key pLGG issues. Here, the iPLGGc provides an overview of the current state-of-the-art in pLGG, including epidemiology, histology, molecular landscape, treatment paradigms, survival outcomes, functional outcomes, imaging response, and ongoing challenges. This paper also serves as an introduction to 3 other pLGG manuscripts on (1) pLGG preclinical models, (2) consensus framework for conducting early-phase clinical trials in pLGG, and (3) pLGG resistance, rebound, and recurrence.
Is the US’s Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System broken?
Authors: Jennifer Block
Journal: BMJ (2023)

Is the US's Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System broken?A BMJ investigation has raised concerns that the VAERS system isn't operating as intended and that signals are being missed.Jennifer Block reports Jennifer Block investigations reporterThree weeks after receiving a second dose of a covid vaccine, Robert Sullivan collapsed at home on his treadmill.An anaesthesiologist in Maryland, USA, he was a particularly fit 49 year old: the week before falling ill, he'd been happily skiing at altitude in Colorado.Sullivan was given a diagnosis of sudden onset pulmonary hypertension, which is generally progressive, can be fatal, and in most cases can't be cured.The condition is rare, especially in middle aged men.Sullivan decided to file a report in the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), which collects reports of symptoms, diagnoses, hospital admissions, and deaths after vaccination for the purpose of capturing post-market safety signals.But the submission process was a glitchy race against the clock."The format is cumbersome and it times you out," he tells The BMJ.For his troubles, Sullivan received a confirmation by email and a temporary "e-report" number.He learnt from his doctor's office that a VAERS representative had requested medical records.Then he didn't hear back for a year.
B-cell and antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2: infection, vaccination, and hybrid immunity
Authors: Dennis Lapuente, Thomas H Winkler, Matthias Tenbusch
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2023)

Abstract The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in 2019 prompted scientific, medical, and biotech communities to investigate infection- and vaccine-induced immune responses in the context of this pathogen. B-cell and antibody responses are at the center of these investigations, as neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) are an important correlate of protection (COP) from infection and the primary target of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine modalities. In addition to absolute levels, nAb longevity, neutralization breadth, immunoglobulin isotype and subtype composition, and presence at mucosal sites have become important topics for scientists and health policy makers. The recent pandemic was and still is a unique setting in which to study de novo and memory B-cell (MBC) and antibody responses in the dynamic interplay of infection- and vaccine-induced immunity. It also provided an opportunity to explore new vaccine platforms, such as mRNA or adenoviral vector vaccines, in unprecedented cohort sizes. Combined with the technological advances of recent years, this situation has provided detailed mechanistic insights into the development of B-cell and antibody responses but also revealed some unexpected findings. In this review, we summarize the key findings of the last 2.5 years regarding infection- and vaccine-induced B-cell immunity, which we believe are of significant value not only in the context of SARS-CoV-2 but also for future vaccination approaches in endemic and pandemic settings.
TGF-β, EMT, and resistance to anti-cancer treatment
Authors: Xuecong Wang, Pieter Johan Adam Eichhorn, Jean Paul Thiery
Journal: Seminars in Cancer Biology (2023)

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling regulates cell-specific programs involved in embryonic development, wound-healing, and immune homeostasis. Yet, during tumor progression, these TGF-β-mediated programs are altered, leading to epithelial cell plasticity and a reprogramming of epithelial cells into mesenchymal lineages through epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a critical developmental program in morphogenesis and organogenesis. These changes, in turn, lead to enhanced carcinoma cell invasion, metastasis, immune cell differentiation, immune evasion, and chemotherapy resistance. Here, we discuss EMT as one of the critical programs associated with carcinoma cell plasticity and the influence exerted by TGF-β on carcinoma status and function. We further explore the composition of carcinoma and other cell populations within the tumor microenvironment, and consider the relevant outcomes related to the programs associated with cancer treatment resistance.
Targeting interleukin (IL)-4/IL-13 in immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced bullous pemphigoid: a cautionary note on the beneficial effect of T helper 2 immunity in melanoma and immunotherapy: reply from the authors
Authors: William D Shipman, Katelyn Singh, Jeffery M Cohen, Jonathan Leventhal, William Damsky, Mary M Tomayko
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2023)

Journal Article Targeting interleukin (IL)-4/IL-13 in immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced bullous pemphigoid: a cautionary note on the beneficial effect of T helper 2 immunity in melanoma and immunotherapy: reply from the authors Get access William D Shipman, William D Shipman Departments of Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Katelyn Singh, Katelyn Singh Departments of Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Jeffery M Cohen, Jeffery M Cohen Departments of Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Jonathan Leventhal, Jonathan Leventhal Departments of Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar William Damsky, William Damsky Departments of DermatologyPathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Mary M Tomayko Mary M Tomayko Departments of DermatologyPathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA Correspondence: Mary M. Tomayko. Email: mary.tomayko@yale.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 190, Issue 1, January 2024, Page 138, https://doi.org/10.1093/bjd/ljad342 Published: 08 November 2023 Article history Corrected and typeset: 08 November 2023 Published: 08 November 2023
Device-assisted enteroscopy performance measures in the United Kingdom: DEEP-UK quality improvement project
Authors: Edward J. Despott, David S. Sanders, Mohamed G. Shiha, Reena Sidhu, Laura A. Lucaciu, Christopher Palmer-Jones, Benjamin Ayeboa-Sallah, Nikolaos Lazaridis, Robert Eckersley, George E. Hiner, Dominic Maxfield, Walaa Shaheen, Duaa Abduljabbar, Muhammad A. Hussain, Rosie O’Hare, Perminder S. Phull, John Eccles, Grant R. Caddy, Mohammed A. Butt, Arun Kurup, Amit Chattree, Jonathan Hoare, Jason Jennings, Gaius Longcroft-Wheaton, Paul Collins, Adam Humphries, Alberto Murino
Journal: Endoscopy (2023)

Abstract Background Device-assisted enteroscopy (DAE) has become a well-established diagnostic and therapeutic tool for the management of small-bowel pathology. We aimed to evaluate the performance measures for DAE across the UK against the quality benchmarks proposed by the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE). Methods We retrospectively collected data on patient demographics and DAE performance measures from electronic endoscopy records of consecutive patients who underwent DAE for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes across 12 enteroscopy centers in the UK between January 2017 and December 2022. Results A total of 2005 DAE procedures were performed in 1663 patients (median age 60 years; 53% men). Almost all procedures (98.1%) were performed for appropriate indications. Double-balloon enteroscopy was used for most procedures (82.0%), followed by single-balloon enteroscopy (17.2%) and spiral enteroscopy (0.7%). The estimated depth of insertion was documented in 73.4% of procedures. The overall diagnostic yield was 70.0%. Therapeutic interventions were performed in 42.6% of procedures, with a success rate of 96.6%. Overall, 78.0% of detected lesions were marked with a tattoo. Patient comfort was significantly better with the use of deep sedation compared with conscious sedation (99.7% vs. 68.5%; P&lt;0.001). Major adverse events occurred in only 0.6% of procedures. Conclusions Performance measures for DAE in the UK meet the ESGE quality benchmarks, with high diagnostic and therapeutic yields, and a low incidence of major adverse events. However, there is room for improvement in optimizing sedation practices, standardizing the depth of insertion documentation, and adopting marking techniques to aid in the follow-up of detected lesions.