tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Being Sick Isn’t Easy
Authors: Margaret Tempero
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2023)

Being Sick Isn't Easy R ecently, a serious health problem put me in the hospital.No worries: I am fine now, but the experience taught me some painful lessons about what our patients go through.It's not intentional, of course, but I fear the effort to be more efficient and more transparent can add to the wide gaps in access to care.Let's focus on the electronic health record (I was using MyChart; I suspect you know this tool or something similar).These electronic systems allow patients to request or schedule an appointment, view laboratory and imaging reports, communicate with providers and, oh yes, pay bills!For patients who are even modestly computer savvy, it is easy to use and very convenient.But if you are a Luddite like me, just putting in a password to access the chart can seem onerous.Why can't I just pick up a phone and talk to someone?And if I am too sick to do this myself, who do I rely on?My elderly husband?He is even less comfortable with navigating this, and frankly has healthcare issues of his own!I suspect many senior folks like me would struggle and might not be able to get to necessary post-discharge follow-up instructions.The next concern with electronic records is whether the patient even has a computer or device with which to access them.If you don't at least have a smartphone, you are left high and dry unless a friend or family member can help you out.Whether the lack of a device is by choice or from a lack of resources, it still creates potential gaps in care.Of course, the other gorilla in the room is language.If you are not a native English speaker, you may be out of luck.At UCSF, we message by phone in both English and Spanish, but the addition of Spanish is not offered in MyChart.And of course, at UCSF, we care for many populations who speak other languages.How do we ensure they receive and understand our instructions?Studies tell us that these folks generally rely on their English-speaking relatives, especially their children, to navigate for them.But I imagine that for some, it is downright degrading to need your children for this.It would be for me.I think the digital world has been transformative and I do embrace it.Personally, I usually manage pretty well.(Honestly, I am not as lame as I profess.)But vulnerability for any reason cited above allows potential cracks to develop in our healthcare delivery system.I don't pretend to have all the answers.But for those of us experiencing difficulty with access, having a real person to talk to could make all the difference.
Genomic alterations affecting tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and PD-L1 expression patterns in triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Han Wang, Xiao-Hong Ding, Cheng-Lin Liu, Yi Xiao, Ruo-Hong Shui, Yan-Ping Li, Chen Chen, Wen-Tao Yang, Suling Liu, Ce-Shi Chen, Zhi-Ming Shao, Yi-Zhou Jiang
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2023)

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) remain imperfect in predicting clinical outcomes of triple-negative breast cancer because outcomes do not always correlate with the expression of these biomarkers. Genomic and transcriptomic alterations that may contribute to the expression of these biomarkers remain incompletely uncovered.
An Unexpected Diagnosis Uncovered by Quantitative Molecular Findings: A Case Report
Authors: Alessia Buglioni, Ruifeng Guo, Kandelaria M. Rumilla, Mark A. Edgar, Svetomir N. Markovic, Gang Zheng
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2023)

A 74-year-old male presented with rectal pain; workup uncovered an anal mass, and a diagnosis of melanoma was rendered via histologic examination and immunohistochemical (IHC) studies. Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR)–based BRAF testing was performed and revealed the presence of BRAF V600E, which is a common targetable genetic alteration in melanoma. Interestingly, the ratio of mutant to wild-type copy number was low (0.3%), whereas tumor cell percentage on tissue slides was 90%. With additional workup, BRAF V600E IHC confirmed a very small subset of BRAF V600E–positive cells, and a next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel revealed a pathogenic KIT variant, p.L576P, with an allele frequency of 63%. It was initially hypothesized that the main driver of the melanoma was the KIT alteration, whereas a small subclone (not detected by NGS, which has a 5% limit of detection) was driven by the BRAF V600E detected by ddPCR. To determine whether there were morphologic differences between the 2 clones, a careful review of the histology was performed and revealed distinct morphology of the BRAF V600E–positive cells, including pale cytoplasm, nuclear grooves, and infiltrating eosinophils. Additional IHC workup of the BRAF V600E–positive cells showed coexpression of CD1a, Langerin, and S100, diagnostic of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH). This diagnosis was unexpected and would have been missed without highly sensitive molecular testing; yet it is of clinical importance for the patient. This case raises interesting biology questions regarding the relationship between melanoma and LCH; moreover, it highlights the importance of integrating quantitative information in molecular data interpretation.
Point-of-care multiplex molecular diagnosis coupled with procalcitonin-guided algorithm for antibiotic stewardship in lower respiratory tract infection: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Laetitia Velly, Marta Cancella de Abreu, David Boutolleau, Ilaria Cherubini, Enfel Houas, Alexandre Aurousseau, Pierre Hausfater
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2023)
Low Rate of Regret After Gender-Affirming Mastectomy Highlights a Double Standard
Authors: Ian T. Nolan, Brielle Weinstein, Loren Schechter
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Clinical Outcomes for Uptitration of Baricitinib Therapy in Patients With Severe Alopecia Areata
Authors: Justin M. Ko, Tiffany T. Mayo, Wilma F. Bergfeld, Yves Dutronc, Guanglei Yu, Susan G. Ball, Najwa Somani, Brittany G. Craiglow
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2023)

Baricitinib is an oral selective Janus kinase 1/2 inhibitor that has achieved clinically meaningful outcomes for scalp, eyebrow, and eyelash hair regrowth in patients with severe alopecia areata (AA) at week 36 of treatment. Treatment with baricitinib, 4 mg, has resulted in higher response rates than baricitinib, 2 mg, at weeks 36 and 52.
The Removal of Uremic Solutes by Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: Timothy W. Meyer, Joanne M. Bargman
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2023)

ABSTRACT Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is now commonly prescribed to achieve target clearances for urea or creatinine. The International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis has proposed however that such targets should no longer be imposed. The Society's new guidelines suggest rather that the PD prescription should be adjusted to achieve well-being in individual patients. The relaxation of treatment targets could allow increased use of PD. Measurement of solute levels in patients receiving dialysis individualized to relieve uremic symptoms could also help us identify the solutes responsible for those symptoms and then devise new means to limit their accumulation. This possibility has prompted us to review the extent to which different uremic solutes are removed by PD.
A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 22 activates integrin <b>β</b>1 through its disintegrin domain to promote the progression of pituitary adenoma
Authors: Biao Xing, Zhuowei Lei, Zihan Wang, Quanji Wang, Qian Jiang, Zhuo Zhang, Xiaojin Liu, Yiwei Qi, Sihan Li, Xiang Guo, Yanchao Liu, Xingbo Li, Kai Shu, Huaqiu Zhang, Jörg Walter Bartsch, Christopher Nimsky, Yimin Huang, Ting Lei
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2023)

Approximately 35% of pituitary adenoma (PA) display an aggressive profile, resulting in low surgical total resection rates, high recurrence rates, and worse prognosis. However, the molecular mechanism of PA invasion remains poorly understood. Although "a disintegrin and metalloproteinases" (ADAMs) are associated with the progression of many tumors, there are no reports on ADAM22 in PA.
A Reddish Semitransparent Tumor in an Adolescent Girl
Authors: Ying Wang, Jiang-Wei Cheng, Jiu-Hong Li
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2023)

A previously healthy 16-year-old girl presented with a lesion on her right upper arm that initially started as a small cutaneous nodule without obvious triggers and gradually developed and enlarged to form a red-colored tumor with a hard nodule inside. What is your diagnosis?
Different Gabapentin and Pregabalin Dosages for Perioperative Pain Control in Patients Undergoing Spine Surgery
Authors: Sung Huang Laurent Tsai, Ching-Wei Hu, Sally El Sammak, Sulaman Durrani, Abdul Karim Ghaith, Che Chung Justin Lin, Ewa Zuzanna Krzyż, Mohamad Bydon, Tsai Sheng Fu, Tung Yi Lin
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

IMPORTANCE Patients undergoing spine surgery often experience severe pain. The optimal dosage of pregabalin and gabapentin for pain control and safety in these patients has not been well established. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the associations of pain, opioid consumption, and adverse events with different dosages of pregabalin and gabapentin in patients undergoing spine surgery. DATA SOURCES PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane library, and Scopus databases were searched for articles until August 7, 2021. STUDY SELECTION Randomized clinical trials conducted among patients who received pregabalin or gabapentin while undergoing spine surgery were included. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Two investigators independently performed data extraction following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) reporting guideline. The network meta-analysis was conducted from August 2022 to February 2023 using a random-effects model. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was pain intensity measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and secondary outcomes included opioid consumption and adverse events. RESULTS Twenty-seven randomized clinical trials with 1861 patients (median age, 45.99 years [range, 20.00-70.00 years]; 759 women [40.8%]) were included in the systematic review and network meta-analysis. Compared with placebo, the VAS pain score was lowest with gabapentin 900 mg per day, followed by gabapentin 1200 mg per day, gabapentin 600 mg per day, gabapentin 300 mg per day, pregabalin 300 mg per day, pregabalin 150 mg per day, and pregabalin 75 mg per day. Additionally, gabapentin 900 mg per day was found to be associated with the lowest opioid consumption among all dosages of gabapentin and pregabalin, with a mean difference of −22.07% (95% CI, −33.22% to −10.92%) for the surface under the cumulative ranking curve compared with placebo. There was no statistically significant difference in adverse events (nausea, vomiting, and dizziness) among all treatments. No substantial inconsistency between direct and indirect evidence was detected for all outcomes. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE These findings suggest that gabapentin 900 mg per day before spine surgery is associated with the lowest VAS pain score among all dosages. In addition, no differences in adverse events were noted among all treatments.
When Development of the Alveolar Gas Exchange Unit Fails: Universal Single-Cell Lessons from Rare Monogenic Disorders
Authors: Jonas C. Schupp, Naftali Kaminski
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2023)

"When Development of the Alveolar Gas Exchange Unit Fails: Universal Single Cell Lessons from Rare Monogenic Disorders." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 0(ja), pp.
Association of the 2021 Child Tax Credit Advance Payments With Low Birth Weight in the US
Authors: Claire E. Margerison, Yasamean Zamani-Hank, Ralph Catalano, Katlyn Hettinger, Timothy R. Michling, Tim A. Bruckner
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Importance Infants and pregnant people in the US fare worse on almost all health measures compared with those in peer nations. Families in the US are more likely to live in poverty and have a less generous social safety net, which has generated debate over the contribution of economic conditions to this disparity. Objective To assess the association between temporary increases in income during pregnancy through the 2021 expanded Child Tax Credit (CTC) and birth outcomes. Design, Setting, and Participants This cross-sectional study applied a comparison-population, interrupted time series design to data from US birth certificates (January 1, 2014, through December 31, 2021) to test whether the log odds of low birth weight (LBW) among monthly cohorts of births exposed to the CTC would coincide with a decreased incidence of LBW. All singleton live births to US residents aged 15 to 49 years with available data were included. Exposure Monthly birth cohorts exposed to the CTC were defined as those born to parous people during the CTC advance payment period from July through December 2021. Main Outcomes and Measures The main outcome was the natural logarithm of the odds of LBW (&amp;amp;lt;2500 g) among monthly birth cohorts. Results Among included births (n = 28 866 466), 61.2% were to parous people, the majority were to people aged 20 to 39 years (91.7%), and 6.5% were born LBW. The odds of LBW increased above expected values in 5 of the 6 months of the CTC payments (range of increases, 3.3%-5.4% across the 5 months). The outlier-adjusted odds of LBW increased, on average, by 4.2% (95% CI, 2.7%-5.7%) among the monthly birth cohorts exposed to the CTC. Conclusions and Relevance This study found that the odds of LBW among birth cohorts exposed to the CTC increased above expected values in 5 of the 6 months of the CTC advance payments. Additional research is needed to evaluate rival explanations for this increase in LBW among births exposed to the CTC payments.
British Thoracic Society Guideline for pleural disease
Authors: Mark E Roberts, Najib M Rahman, Nick A Maskell, Anna C Bibby, Kevin G Blyth, John P Corcoran, Anthony Edey, Matthew Evison, Duneesha de Fonseka, Rob Hallifax, Susan Harden, Iain Lawrie, Eric Lim, David McCracken, Rachel Mercer, Eleanor K Mishra, Andrew G Nicholson, Farinaz Noorzad, Kirstie S Opstad, Maria Parsonage, Andrew E Stanton, Steven Walker
Journal: Thorax (2023)
Error in Abstract and Results
Authors: Claire Rives-Lange, Sébastien Czernichow, Anne-Sophie Jannot
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2023)

Ryan C. Ellis, MD; Clayton C. Petro, MD; David M. Krpata, MD; Lucas R. A. Beffa, MD; Benjamin T. Miller, MD; Katie C. Montelione, MD; Sara M. Maskal, MD; Chao Tu, MS; Li-Ching Huang, PhD; Braden Lau, BS; Aldo Fafaj, MD; Steven Rosenblatt, MD; Michael J. Rosen, MD; Ajita S. Prabhu, MD
Effects of 12 Weeks of At-Home, Application-Based Exercise on Health Care Workers’ Depressive Symptoms, Burnout, and Absenteeism
Authors: Vincent Gosselin Boucher, Brook L. Haight, Benjamin A. Hives, Bruno D. Zumbo, Aaliya Merali-Dewji, Stacey Hutton, Yan Liu, Suzanne Nguyen, Mark R. Beauchamp, Agnes T. Black, Eli Puterman
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2023)

During the COVID-19 pandemic, health care workers (HCWs) reported a significant decline in their mental health. One potential health behavior intervention that has been shown to be effective for improving mental health is exercise, which may be facilitated by taking advantage of mobile application (app) technologies.
Patient, Caregiver, and Clinician Perspectives on Core Components of Therapeutic Alliance for Adolescents and Young Adults With Advanced Cancer
Authors: Rosemarie Mastropolo, Andrea Altschuler, Katharine E. Brock, Mallory Casperson, Chun R. Chao, Lauren Fisher, Katie A. Greenzang, Lawrence H. Kushi, Joshua R. Lakin, Anna Lefebvre, Corey M. Schwartz, Dov M. Shalman, Catherine B. Wall, Lori Wiener, Jennifer W. Mack
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Importance The patient-clinician therapeutic alliance is an important aspect of high-quality cancer care. However, components of the therapeutic alliance in adolescents and young adults (AYAs, aged 12-39 years) with cancer have not been defined. Objective To identify components of and barriers to the therapeutic alliance between AYAs, caregivers, and clinicians from the perspective of all key stakeholders. Design, Setting, and Participants In this qualitative study, semistructured in-depth interviews with patients, caregivers, and clinicians were conducted from 2018 to 2021 with no additional follow-up, with content analysis of resulting transcripts. Participants were recruited from Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, and an online cancer support community (Cactus Cancer Society). Eligible participants were English- or Spanish-speaking. Eligible patients were aged 12 to 39 years with stage IV or recurrent cancer. Eligible caregivers cared for an AYA living with advanced cancer or one who had died within 5 years. Eligible clinicians routinely provided care for AYAs with cancer. Main Outcomes and Measures Perspectives on therapeutic alliance. Results Interviews were conducted with 80 participants: 23 were patients (48% were female; 78% were White), 28 were caregivers (82% were female; 50% were White), and 29 were clinicians (69% were female; 45% were White). The mean (SD) age of patients was 29 (7.3) years. Interviews identified 6 components of therapeutic alliance: (1) compassion; (2) sense of connection; (3) clinician presence; (4) information sharing; (5) shared goals; and (6) individualization of care. While some domains were represented in prior models of therapeutic alliance, a unique domain was identified related to the need for individualization of the approach to care for AYA patients and their caregivers. Interviews also identified potential barriers to building the therapeutic alliance specific to the AYA population, including managing discordant needs between patients and caregivers and communication challenges at the end of life. Conclusions and Relevance This study identified core components and barriers to building therapeutic alliance in the AYA advanced cancer population from the perspective of all the key stakeholders in the relationship. A novel component highlighting the need for individualization was identified. This model enables a deeper understanding of how to build therapeutic alliance in the AYA advanced cancer population, which may guide clinician training and facilitate improved care for this vulnerable population.
Glycogen synthase kinase 3 controls T-cell exhaustion by regulating NFAT activation
Authors: Yubing Fu, Jinjia Wang, Chenfeng Liu, Kunyu Liao, Xianjun Gao, Ronghan Tang, Binbin Fan, Yazhen Hong, Nengming Xiao, Changchun Xiao, Wen-Hsien Liu
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2023)
Derivation of a Multivariable Psoriatic Arthritis Risk Estimation Tool (<scp>PRESTO</scp>): A Step Towards Prevention
Authors: Lihi Eder, Ker‐Ai Lee, Vinod Chandran, Jessica Widdifield, Aaron M. Drucker, Christopher Ritchlin, Cheryl F. Rosen, Richard J. Cook, Dafna D. Gladman
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2023)

A simple, scalable tool that identifies psoriasis patients at high risk for developing psoriatic arthritis (PsA) could improve early diagnosis. We aimed to develop a risk prediction model for the development of PsA and to assess its performance among patients with psoriasis.We analyzed data from a prospective cohort of psoriasis patients without PsA at enrollment. Participants were assessed annually by a rheumatologist for the development of PsA. Information about their demographics, psoriasis characteristics, comorbidities, medications, and musculoskeletal symptoms was used to develop prediction models for PsA. Penalized binary regression models were used for variable selection while adjusting for psoriasis duration. Risks of developing PsA over 1- and 5-year time periods were estimated. Model performance was assessed by the area under the curve (AUC) and calibration plots.Among 635 psoriasis patients, 51 and 71 developed PsA during the 1-year and 5-year follow-up periods, respectively. The risk of developing PsA within 1 year was associated with younger age, male sex, family history of psoriasis, back stiffness, nail pitting, joint stiffness, use of biologic medications, patient global health, and pain severity (AUC 72.3). The risk of developing PsA within 5 years was associated with morning stiffness, psoriatic nail lesion, psoriasis severity, fatigue, pain, and use of systemic nonbiologic medication or phototherapy (AUC 74.9). Calibration plots showed reasonable agreement between predicted and observed probabilities.The development of PsA within clinically meaningful time frames can be predicted with reasonable accuracy for psoriasis patients using readily available clinical variables.
Improving Access to High Pediatric Readiness Emergency Departments at US Trauma Centers—A Viable Systems Approach to Improve Pediatric Survival After Injury
Authors: James P. Byrne, Marie L. Crandall
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Error in the Results
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2023)

titled "Internet Searches for Self-Managed Abortion After Roe v Wade Overturned" 1 published online July 5, 2023, there was an error in the second sentence of the Results section.The sentence should be as follows: "In states where abortion is illegal vs legal, there was a greater number of searches for abortion-related phrases."This article has been corrected online.