tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Screening for Osteoporosis: Recommendations from the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2002)

Summaries for Patients17 September 2002Screening for Osteoporosis: Recommendations from the U.S. Preventive Services Task ForceAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-137-6-200209170-00006 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail What is the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force?The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) is a group of health experts that reviews published research and makes recommendations about preventive health care.What is the problem and what is known about it so far?Osteoporosis is a condition in which bones become less dense and more fragile and bone fractures occur more easily. Since estrogen keeps bone dense, osteoporosis is especially common in women after menopause as estrogen levels drop. Estimates suggest that half of all postmenopausal women will suffer an osteoporosis-related fracture. Fractures can lead to substantial disability and ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationThe summary below is from the full reports titled "Screening for Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women: Recommendations and Rationale" and "Screening for Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: A Review of the Evidence for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force." They are in the 17 September 2002 issue of Annals of Internal Medicine (volume 137, pages 526-528 and pages 529-541). The first report was written by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force; the second report was written by HD Nelson, M Helfand, SH Woolf, and JD Allan.Summaries for Patients are a service provided by Annals to help patients better understand the complicated and often mystifying language of modern medicine.Summaries for Patients are presented for informational purposes only. These summaries are not a substitute for advice from your own medical provider. If you have questions about this material, or need medical advice about your own health or situation, please contact your physician. The summaries may be reproduced for not-for-profit educational purposes only. Any other uses must be approved by the American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine. Previousarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoScreening for Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women: Recommendations and RationaleU.S. Preventive Services Task Force*Screening for Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: A Review of the Evidence for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Heidi D. Nelson , Mark Helfand , Steven H. Woolf , and Janet D. Allan Metrics 17 September 2002Volume 137, Issue 6Page: I-59KeywordsBoneBone densityCalciumDual energy x ray absorptiometryEstrogensExerciseHealth careMedical risk factorsOsteoporosisVitamin D ePublished: 17 September 2002 Issue Published: 17 September 2002 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2002 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Pharyngeal gonorrhea
Authors: W. O. Harrison
Journal: JAMA (1981)

The continuing pandemic of gonococcal infections in the United States and elsewhere, combined with the increasing frequency of oral-genital sexual activity, necessitates an awareness on the part of clinicians that pharyngeal infections caused by gonococci are no longer unusual occurrences. Tice and Rodriguez report their experiences with gonococcal pharyngitis caused by penicillin-resistant gonococci in this issue (p 2717). Their observations are of significance for several reasons. The first is that penicillinase-producing<i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i>(PPNG) appear to be equally well adapted to the pharynx and the urethra. The prevalence data of Tice and Rodriguez indicate that the increase in resistant strains in the Far East, from less than 1% in 1973 to 35% to 50% in 1980, is reflected in pharyngeal as well as genital infection. Their observations show that the various modes of transmission of gonococci from one partner to the other are no different with penicillin-resistant strains than with
ACC features clinical trial presentations
Authors: D. F. Phillips
Journal: JAMA (1996)

A HIGHLIGHT of this year's American College of Cardiology meeting, held in Orlando, Fla, was the great number of presentations devoted to the results of more than 20 major clinical trials that are ongoing or recently completed. Most of these studies are referred to by their acronyms—a virtual alphabet soup of clinical discourse. The following are capsule summaries of some of these studies. <h3>New Treatments for Heart Disease</h3> • CHAOS (Cambridge Heart Anti-Oxidant Study) found that a daily regimen of vitamin E (400 to 800 U/d) for two years reduces the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) in patients with angiographically confirmed coronary heart disease (CHD). Of the 2002 participants in the trial, all of whom had CHD, 1035 received vitamin E, and 967 placebo. In the vitamin E group, there were 14 nonfatal MIs, compared to 41 in the placebo group. Of the 36 deaths that occurred in the vitamin
In This Issue
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2010)

Receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor beneficial in infectious diseaseReceptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (RTKIs) are routinely used to treat several forms of cancer, but whether they would be effective therapeutics for the treatment of infectious diseases has not been determined.In this issue (1204-1216), Dalton and colleagues have started to address this question, showing that the broad-spectrum RTKI sunitinib maleate (Sm) blocks several symptoms of disease in mouse models of visceral leishmaniasis, a neglected tropical disease caused by the protozoan parasites Leishmania donovani and L. infantum.Specifically, administration of Sm prevented the vascular remodeling and progressive splenomegaly associated with experimental visceral leishmaniasis and restored splenic microarchitecture.Despite these effects on symptoms, Sm treatment alone did not cause a reduction in tissue parasite burden.However, sequential administration of Sm and a conventional antileishmanial drug led to effective parasite clearance with ten-fold less of the conventional drug than normally required to achieve this effect.The authors therefore suggest that using an RTKI prior to administration of conventional drugs might be clinically useful in the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis as well as other diseases involving lymphoid tissue remodeling, including cancer.
Salmonellosis and shigellosis at Boston City Hospital. 2. Susceptibility of strains of Salmonellae and Shigellae to antibacterial agents
Authors: M. Finland
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Tests for susceptibility to 57 antibacterial agents were carried out with recent isolates of salmonellae and shigellae from patients at Boston City Hospital. Except for small proportions of the strains of<i>Salmonella</i>resistant to penicillin, streptomycin, and tetracyclines, and larger proportions of those of<i>Shigella</i>resistant to streptomycin and tetracycline, the strains were uniformly susceptible, though in varying degrees, to each of the agents tested except sulfamethoxazole. These results do not support the basis for the recommendation to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to discontinue the use of certain antibacterial agents as feed supplements for growth promotion and increased feed efficiency in animals. (<i>JAMA</i>229:1309-1312, 1974)
Preventing prematurity
Authors: E. Papiernik
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> As pointed out in the original report of the Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial results,<sup>1</sup>the total incidence of fatal and nonfatal malignant neoplasms was similar in the cholestyramine resin and placebo groups. These incidence rates were somewhat lower than overall US cancer rates for comparably aged men. However, when the many different categories of malignancies were examined, the combined incidence of cancers of the mouth, pharynx, gastrointestinal tract, and pancreas was somewhat greater (21 vs 11 cases) in the cholestyramine resin group than in the placebo group. This excess incidence of gastrointestinal tract cancers was offset by reduced incidence of other cancers, particularly of the lung and prostate. The small numbers and multiple categories precluded firm conclusions, although the observation of excess cancers in the organ system directly exposed to cholestyramine resin was a matter of concern, especially in view of animal experiments in
Psychical Seizures
Authors: J. R. WHITTEN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1969)

The author presents a clinical description and case reports concerning four types of "psychical seizures": hallucinations, perceptual illusions, mood or emotional disturbances, and forced thinking. All are symptoms of paroxysmal disturbance in cerebral function rather than of emotional disorder. The author stresses the importance of identifying these conditions so that the cerebral lesion can be localized and proper treatment started.
LORD KELVIN.
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Board Examination
Authors: JOHN L. ROGLIERI
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Comments and Corrections1 March 1973Board ExaminationJOHN L. ROGLIERI, M.D.JOHN L. ROGLIERI, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-78-3-459 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Dr. Beck's defense of the clinical competence or "erasure" part of the ABIM Certifying Examination (1) is oblique as well as overenthusiastic.Dr. Herzenberg, in his letter, takes specific exception to that part of the examination and requests at least a breakdown of grades by examination section, not by subspecialty. Dr. Beck's reply consists of two points: that the number of test items within a given subspecialty area may be statistically insignificant (this may be so but it is irrelevant to Dr. Herzenberg's argument and request) and that additional expense would be incurred by providing such data,...References1. Letters: Board certifying examinations. Ann Intern Med 77:1000-1002, 1972 LinkGoogle Scholar2. PETERSDORFBECK RJ: The new procedure for evaluating the clinical competence of candidates to be certified by the American Board of Internal Medicine. Ann Intern Med 76:491-496, 1972 LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Massachusetts General Hospital Boston, Massachusetts PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byCertifying ExaminationsMAHENDRA S. KOCHAR, M.D., F.R.C.P.(C) 1 March 1973Volume 78, Issue 3Page: 459-459KeywordsStatistical data ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 March 1973 PDF downloadLoading ...
Preventive Medicine.
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Variations in recommendations of ethics consultants
Authors: R. Moseley
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —Had our survey respondents felt they needed additional information to select an appropriate recommendation, as Drs Moseley and McCrary suggest, we assume they would have indicated this on their questionnaires by selecting option E (other) and/or by commenting under "explain or qualify your recommendation." Instead, most respondents gave specific recommendations in response to every vignette, and few criticized the questionnaire format in general or its lack of detail in particular. Although it is impossible to accurately and concisely summarize the hundreds of comments we received, we are happy to provide a few of many possible examples in support of our conclusion of "wide variability in ethics consultants' recommendations." Regarding vignette 2 (patient did not want to be kept alive, family members want everything possible done to prolong life), 57% of the respondents selected option A (discontinue fluid and nutrition). Of these, most justified their recommendation by citing the
Chronic breathlessness: re-thinking the symptom
Authors: Miriam J. Johnson, Janelle Yorke, John Hansen-Flaschen, Robert Lansing, Magnus Ekström, David C. Currow
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2018)

We agree with much presented in O.K. Faull and colleagues' response to our proposed chronic breathlessness syndrome and thank them for their views supporting chronic breathlessness as more than just a symptom [1]. In particular, we agree that naming and defining chronic breathlessness as a syndrome does not aim, or need, to constrain a recognition or understanding of quantitative and qualitative between-individual differences. We agree that our intention is to ensure patients and their families living with the daily disability affecting all domains of life, irrespective of cause, may legitimately bring this experience to the attention of health and social professionals, receive a systematic assessment and subsequently benefit from individually tailored evidence-based management. Chronic breathlessness reaches beyond symptom perception into the realm of functional impairment and disability <http://ow.ly/IBRd30h1wmS>
Diagnosis of early diabetes mellitus
Authors: S. B. Beaser
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Early diagnosis in diabetes mellitus as in many other diseases is still dependent on a combination of clinical and laboratory observations. There has been a continual search for screening and diagnostic tests with optimum degrees of sensitivity and specificity. Long-term prospective studies have established the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) as the most specific test of diabetes mellitus today.<sup>1</sup>Prior to its performance a diet normal in carbohydrate intake (minimum of 150 gm per day) must be assured for at least one week. The patient in the fasting state (12 to 14 hours after a previous meal) is given 100 gm of glucose orally as a 20% solution in water (lemon flavored). The blood glucose level is determined at stated intervals, with the upper limits of normal for an adult (nonpregnant) up to age 50 as follows: fasting, 110; one hour 170; two hours, 120; and three hours 110
APPLE News
Authors: Ming-Chih Ho, Kiyoshi Hasegawa, Xiao-Ping Chen, Hiroaki Nagano, Young-Joo Lee, Gar-Yang Chau, Jian Zhou, Chih-Chi Wang, Young Rok Choi, Ronnie Tung-Ping Poon, Norihiro Kokudo, Yuki Makino, Yasuharu Imai, Takumi Igura, Sachiyo Kogita, Yoshiyuki Sawai, Kazuto Fukuda, Takayuki Iwamoto, Junya Okabe, Manabu Takamura, Norihiko Fujita, Masatoshi Hori, Tetsuo Takehara, Masatoshi Kudo, Takamichi Murakami, Daniel Wai-Hung Ho, Regina Cheuk-Lam Lo, Lo-Kong Chan, Irene Oi-Lin Ng, Hiroyuki Nakanishi, Masayuki Kurosaki, Kaoru Tsuchiya, Yutaka Yasui, Mayu Higuchi, Tsubasa Yoshida, Yasuyuki Komiyama, Kenta Takaura, Tsuguru Hayashi, Konomi Kuwabara, Natsuko Nakakuki, Hitomi Takada, Masako Ueda, Nobuharu Tamaki, Shoko Suzuki, Jun Itakura, Yuka Takahashi, Namiki Izumi, Tomoaki Yoh, Etsuro Hatano, Kenya Yamanaka, Takahiro Nishio, Satoru Seo, Kojiro Taura, Kentaro Yasuchika, Hideaki Okajima, Toshimi Kaido, Shinji Uemoto, Alessandro Cucchetti, Alberta Cappelli, Giorgio Ercolani, Cristina Mosconi, Matteo Cescon, Rita Golfieri, Antonio Daniele Pinna
Journal: Liver Cancer (2016)
Effect of Folic Acid and B Vitamins on Cardiovascular Disease in Women
Authors: George Ntaios
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sweet Dream or Nightmare?
Authors: J. R. E.
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1961)

Editorials1 November 1961Sweet Dream or Nightmare?J. R. E.J. R. E.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-55-5-865 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptElsewhere in this issue we have quoted from the writings of two philosopher-biologists, Frederic Gibbs and Loren Eiseley, presenting their characterizations of man's place in time and space. In the long perspective of geologic time and the evolution of living organisms, the emergence of the human race has occurred in but a last instant of time. But compared with other forms of life the human organism that has emerged is unequivocally unique. By evolving that extraordinary organ of integration, the human brain, man has stepped out of the biological course of evolution and into a new level of psycho-social evolution....References1. EDITORIAL: Has mankind a future? Lancet 2: 531 (Sept. 2), 1961. Google Scholar2. SNOW CP: The moral un-neutrality of science. Science 133: 255 (Jan. 27), 1961. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. KENNEDY JF: Address of the President of the United States to the General Assembly of the United Nations, Sept. 25, 1961. Google Scholar4. EISELEY L: The Immense Journey, Random House, New York, 1957, p. 140. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1961Volume 55, Issue 5Page: 865-866KeywordsBrainRacial and ethnic issues ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 November 1961 PDF downloadLoading ...
SOCIAL AND MEDICAL ASPECTS OF CHILDHOOD DELINQUENCY
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Maximal response plateau to methacholine as a reliable index for reducing inhaled budesonide in moderate asthma
Authors: L. Prieto, V. Gutiérrez, C. Morales
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1999)

To improve our understanding of the inflammatory mechanisms underlying severe disease, a biopsy study was performed comparing 15 clinically unstable glucocorticoid-dependent asthmatics, 10 mild asthmatics, and 10 control subjects. Compared with mild asthma, severe asthma was characterized by reduced mucosal eosinophilia. Whilst no significant differences were found in the numbers of mast cells, neutrophils, CD3+ and CD4+ T-cells between the three groups, up to a 4-fold increase In the numbers of activated T-lymphocytes bearing the interleukin (IL)-2 receptor (IL-2R) was found in the mucosa in severe asthma compared to mild asthma (p = 0.03) and control subjects (p = 0.003). Compared to control subjects, the mucosa of severe asthmatics contained significantly (p = 0.02) higher numbers of IL-5+ cells, with no differences between mild and severe disease. In contrast, staining for the anti-IL-4 monoclonal antibody 3H4 revealed that biopsies from mild asthmatics contained more IL4+ cells than biopsies from severe asthmatics and control subjects (p = 0.0008). In the severe asthmatics, a close correlation (r(s) = 0.76, p = 0.005) was found between the numbers of IL-2R-bearing cells and the variability in peak expiratory flow. In conclusion, persistent T-cell activation is a prominent feature of severe asthma. These results also indicate that interleukin-5, and not interleukin-4, is upregulated in severe disease.