tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Sixteenth Annual San Francisco Cancer Symposium
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1980)

Journal Article Sixteenth Annual San Francisco Cancer Symposium Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 65, Issue 6, December 1980, Page 1351, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/65.6.1351-c Published: 01 December 1980
Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Ruth M. Anderson, William G. Schoch, Henry H. Faxon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1950)

WITHIN the last decade there has been an increased effort on the part of surgical teams to recognize acute cardiac arrest on the operating table. There are very few emergencies that require such prompt treatment. Few patients can survive the anoxia produced by more than three minutes of cardiac standstill.1 , 2 To re-establish circulation within this brief period the anesthetist must recognize or suspect the condition and immediately notify the surgeon. It is preferable to be mistaken on many occasions than to lose time in a case of true arrest. The surgeon, if working in the abdomen or chest, must quickly . . .
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, New York
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Urinalysis-Reply
Authors: G. Berry Schumann
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Important concepts such as screening and routine urinalysis were missed by Dr Braren's comments. Combining data from both the prospective study (910 urine specimens) and retrospective study (7,000 urine specimens), we showed false-negative rates from 0.5% to 3%. Physicians who believe that these false-negative rates are high are being unrealistic. In fact, few if any routine laboratory procedures have rates that low. This preliminary study is an attempt to focus attention on the need for<i>accurate</i>performance of macroscopic urine tests and to improve the selectivity of urine specimens requiring microscopic testing. An important question to be answered is this: can the microscopic urinalysis be a rapid screening laboratory procedure? While the macroscopic urinalysis is not foolproof, others have observed that conventional wet preparation (brightfield microscopy) has multiple sources of error. Results of this study showed that use of techniques like nephelometric measurements of urine turbidity is an
Highlights
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2015)

Hansen and colleagues conducted a single-center double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial to compare the eff ects of placebo and low-and high-dose vitamin D on 1-year changes in total fractional calcium absorption, bone mineral density, sit-to-stand tests, and muscle mass in postmenopausal women with vitamin D insuffi ciency.Patients were randomized to take 1 year of placebo, 800 IU vitamin D 3 a day, or a high-dose vitamin D regimen designed to achieve and maintain 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels greater than or equal to 30 ng/mL.Calcium absorption increased by 1% in the high-dose vitamin D arm and decreased in the other 2 arms, and Hansen and colleagues found no data to support experts' recommendations to maintain serum 25(OH)D levels of at least 30 ng/mL in postmenopausal women in order to optimize musculoskeletal health.
A phase II trial of salvage treatment with gemcitabine and S-1 combination in heavily pretreated patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.
Authors: Sun Jin Sym, Junshik Hong, Hee Kyung Ahn, Jinny Park, Eun Kyung Cho, Jae Hoon Lee, Won-Suk Lee, Jeong-Heum Baek, Yeon Ho Park, Dong Bok Shin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

488 Background: We conducted a phase II trial of gemcitabine with S-1 to evaluate the activity and toxicity of such a combination in heavily pre-treated patients (pts) with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) who have progressed after treatment with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), oxaliplatin and irinotecan. Methods: 34 pts were enrolled, with the following characteristics: 17 (50%) females, median age 57 years (28-72), 28 (82%) ECOG PS 0-1. S-1 was given orally (30 mg/m 2 ) b.i.d for 14 consecutive days and gemcitabine (1000 mg/m 2 ) was given on days 1 and 8, every 21 days, until disease progression and for a maximum of 9 cycles. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR). Results: The median number of cycles was four (range 1-9). ORR was 14.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.8-26.6) and disease control rate was 58.8% (95% CI 42.2-75.3) with five partial responses and fifteen stable diseases. Median duration of disease control was 5.1 months (95% CI 3.3-7.0). Median progression-free survival was 3.2 months (95% CI 2.3-4.1) and median overall survival was 11.8 months (95% CI 7.0-16.5). Grade 3-4 toxicities were neutropenia (12%), anemia (12%), thrombocytopenia (3%) and diarrhea (3%). Conclusions: Combination chemotherapy with gemcitabine and S-1 was well tolerated and efficacious for heavily pre-treated mCRC pts, and could be an alternative for pts with good PS but no further treatment options.
Table of contents
Journal: Hepatology (2019)

Cover Figure : A model depicting how adipocyte death causes liver injury and inflammation.Adipocyte death causes chemokine (C-C motif ) receptor 2 positive (CCR2 + ) macrophage infiltration and activation in adipose tissues.These activated CCR2 + macrophages contribute to elevation of epinephrine (EPI) and norepinephrine, which induce lipolysis, fatty acid release, and lipotoxicity in the liver.Additionally, acute adipocyte death also causes hepatic CCR2 + macrophage infiltration, activation and clustering, further exacerbating liver injury.
Cottage Industry
Authors: David A. Rothstein
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> After the criticism which has been heaped on the profession of medicine for being managed like a cottage industry, I feel impelled to note that the Industrial Revolution wiped out the former cottage industries (<i>Time</i>, July 14, 1975, p 54). My hope is that our social planners will not wipe out medical cottage industry and create "dark Satanic mills" to process "health" as a "commodity." I was reminded of this by a recent advertisement sent out by American Express. Whatever the true artistic value of the items may be, the promotion material took pains to point out how the items were created by expert silversmiths in India, working in the fashion of "cottage industries" of another age, with the kind of old-world care and pride of "cottage industries" as the only way such true artistic excellence and lasting beauty could be realized.
P14.77 Reduced dose craniospinal irradiation (CSI) is feasible for standard risk adult medulloblastoma (MBL) patients similarly to pediatric population
Authors: M Massimino, M Sunyach, L Gandola, E Pecori, F Spreafico, A Bonneville Levard, V Biassoni, E Schiavello, B Diletto, R Stefini, D Frappaz
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract BACKGROUND MBL is the most common malignant pediatric brain tumor but represents 1% of adult brain tumors. Recent molecular classification suggests that MBL is not the same disease in children and adults. For standard risk pediatric medulloblastomas current therapy includes CSI at reduced doses (23.4Gy) associated with chemotherapy. Most adult patients with similar risk factors still receive CSI at 36 Gy±chemotherapy (CT): in the adult series treated according to the HIT protocol (CSI 35.2 Gy + boost to 55.2 Gy to posterior fossa followed in most patients by maintenance CT with lomustine, vincristine and cisplatin) a 73% 5-year PFS was reported {Friedrich, Eur J Cancer 2013}, so far the best published data. Hence retrospective experience of 23.4 Gy together with CT for adult patients in some institutions is worthwhile reporting. MATERIAL AND METHODS We gathered M0 patients, aged over 18 years with medulloblastomas and no/minimal post-surgical residues/no biological negative factor, between 1996–2018 in Centre Léon Bérard of-Lyon and Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori-Milan. RESULTS Forty-four patients were included, median age 26 (18–48) years,20 females. Median follow-up 90 months(10–227). Thirty-six and 8 received 23.4Gy and 30Gy CSI, respectively, + posterior fossa/tumor bed boost and CT in all: pre-RT (carbo/VPx2 courses or 8 drugs-in-one day x 2 courses (13 patients)) and/or post-RT (carbo/VPx2 courses in 11 and 8 drugs-in-one day x 2 courses in 10; CDDP/VCR/CCNU x 8courses in other 22). The 5/10 year PFS and OS were respectively 80.9±6.5%/76.8±7.4% and 88.4±5.5%/73.1±8.5%. Median progression time was 44 months. Relapses (8) were local (4), local+CSF or spine or bone in one instance each and bone only in one. Among variable considered, higher CSI dose than 23.4 Gy, pre-RT CT did not influence PFS, while females had a trend to better PFES and OS (P=0.07). CONCLUSION These combined series present results comparable to - or even better than- those obtained after high CSI doses highlighting the need for treatment redefinition in adults.
Trichomonas empyema.
Authors: M J Miller, D E Leith, J R Brooks, V Fencl
Journal: Thorax (1982)

The finding of trichomonads in pleural fluid is a rare event.We report here a case of trichomonas infestation occurring in empyema fluid after operation involving the oesophagus. Case reportThe patient is a 48-year-old white man who, two months before admission, had noted the onset of vague epigastric pain and excessive post-prandial fullness.He had lost 15 pounds during the preceding five months, despite a normal appetite.Gastroscopy revealed a large ulcer crater near the gastro-oesophageal junction which on biopsy proved to be an adenocarcinoma.Physical examination at this time was normal except for poor oral hygiene, a systolic ejection murmur, and a barely palpable, firm, mid-epigastric mass.Operation was performed on 27 February 1981 through the abdomen.Gastrectomy with resection of 7 cm of oesophagus and reanastomosis, omentectomy, and splenectomy were performed.Pathological examination revealed no tumour cells at the surgical margins but several involved lymph nodes.Because of the development of nodal tachycardia, the patient was transferred to the inten- sive care unit and remained intubated.After treatment with intravenous digoxin, normal sinus rhythm was re- established.On the following day, the patient developed acute respiratory distress.A chest radiograph revealed bilateral pleural effusions and a large pneumothorax on the right side.Fluid obtained from the right pleural space after intubation was serosanguinous.Despite chest tube drain- age during the next three days, pleural fluid continued to accumulate.Gram stain of the pleural fluid revealed abun- dant eosinophils, polymorphonuclear leucocytes, and Gram-positive cocci in chains and clumps.Numerous (1-5 per high power field) freely mobile trichomonads (not T vaginalis-qv) were visible on wet preparation.Micros- copic photographs of the wet preparations were obtained, as well as Papanicolaou and Gram stains.Culture of the fluid grew a-haemolytic streptococci and coagulase- negative staphylococci.Oesophageal instillation of Gas- trografin revealed passage of contrast material from the oesophageal suture line into the pleural space.Another chest tube was inserted to establish better drainage of the right pleural space, and treatment with metronidazole,
Notes on Surgery for Nurses.
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The WHO analgesic ladder for cancer pain management. Stepping up the quality of its evaluation
Authors: A. R. Jadad
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To perform a systematic review of studies evaluating the effectiveness of the World Health Organization (WHO) analgesic ladder as an intervention for cancer pain management. <h3>Data Sources.</h3> —Systematic search of MEDLINE from 1982 to 1995, hand search of textbooks and meeting proceedings, reference lists, and direct contact with authors. <h3>Study Selection.</h3> —Studies of any methodological design were included if they evaluated patients with cancer pain treated according to the WHO analgesic ladder and if the studies provided enough information to estimate the proportion of patients who achieved adequate analgesia with the use of the ladder. The strength of the evidence provided by each study was assessed separately by both authors using current concepts. <h3>Data Extraction.</h3> —From the hard copy of each study report, the first author's name, publication year, study design, number of dropouts per study, and proportion of patients with adequate analgesia in each study were extracted. <h3>Data Synthesis.</h3> —Eight studies purporting to evaluate the effectiveness of the WHO ladder were included in the review. Meta-analysis was not performed because the studies were case series with no control groups. The studies had other limitations: none provided information on the conditions in which pain was assessed; two were retrospective; one had short follow-up periods; three had high withdrawal rates; and one had variable follow-up periods. Analgesia was adequate in 69% to 100% of patients analyzed in the studies. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —The studies available provide valuable information on the course of cancer pain and its treatment. However, the evidence they provide is insufficient to estimate confidently the effectiveness of the WHO analgesic ladder for the management of cancer pain. Until results from carefully designed controlled trials are available, it would be inappropriate to judge the performance of clinicians, programs, and institutions or to design policies based on such evidence. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;274:1870-1873)
Massachusetts Medical Society
Authors: John Figgis Jewett
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

COMMITTEE ON MATERNAL WELFAREAortic and Mitral Stenosis and Congestive Heart Failure, with Bronchial Hemorrhage and Pulmonary InfarctionA thirty-eight-year-old gravida 3, para 2, had had rheumatic fever in childhood, with a murmur since the age of nine. There were no cardiac difficulties during either of 2 pregnancies eight and nine years previously. Four years before admission she was hospitalized for two weeks with a pleural effusion thought to be secondary to a pulmonary embolus. Otherwise, she was asymptomatic until the present pregnancy.The patient did well until the fourth month, even working as a waitress in addition to her . . .
THE IODIN REACTION OF SPERMATIC FLUID.
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Night time nurse telephone consultations reduce general practitioners' workload
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Sweetness and sucking have analgesic effect in babiesTreating pain in the newborn is essential for ethical reasons and because pain can lead to decreased oxygenation, haemodynamic instability, or increased intracranial pressure.Simple interventions such as sweet oral solutions or sucking a pacifier can reduce pain in neonates during painful minor procedures.On p 1393 Carbajal et al report the results of a comparison of the analgesic effects of these two simple interventions during venepuncture in neonates by using a behavioural pain scale.They found that the non-nutritive sucking of a pacifier was more effective than the oral administration of 30% glucose or 30% sucrose.A 30% glucose solution, which is readily available in any hospital, showed at least the same analgesic effect as a 30% sucrose solution.A synergistic analgesic effect was observed for sucrose and pacifiers.These simple and safe interventions should be widely used for minor procedures in neonates.
CIRCULATORY CONDITIONS DURING PREGNANCY AND THE PUERPERIUM.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Alcohol has a negative net effect on young men's health
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Evidence for cerebral dysfunction in people after the Camelford water incident Just over 11 years ago 20 tonnes of aluminium sulphate were accidentally added to the drinking water reservoir serving 20 000 people in the Camelford area of Cornwall.There was delay in reporting the incident to the public, and those exposed started reporting various acute symptoms.Later, they started complaining of loss of concentration and short term memory, but in two sittings of a commission of inquiry their symptoms were attributed to anxiety.On p 807 Altmann et al report the results of studies done on 55 affected people who showed objective evidence of cerebral dysfunction.Anxiety levels had no effect, and unexposed siblings performed normally.Although no measures were available from before the incident, their accounts and the discrepancy with their premorbid IQ suggest that these individuals were affected by the incident, and it is likely that aluminium, as the major neurotoxic agent involved, led to the changes observed.
Professor Freund.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Teaching medical ethics
Authors: F. W. McKee
Journal: JAMA (1979)

It is gratifying to see that a distinguished pathologist-administrator such as Dr McKee, far removed as he is from the problems of contemporary medical education and clinical medicine, should remain sufficiently interested in these problems to respond to our article and editorial. Dr McKee's letter is complex, but after considerable effort we think we have identified two of his major lines of criticism of our position. First, throughout his letter Dr McKee appears to distinguish "real" physicians from "medical phonies, posing as doctors, who are not physicians." Although Dr McKee never clarifies this distinction, we presume he intends to differentiate the merely technically competent practitioner from the humanistically sensitive, ethical, reflective physician of the Oslerian stamp. We consider it unfortunate that Dr McKee fails to perceive that that is precisely our concern as well. We do not share Dr McKee's pessimism that the product of medical school selection