tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Methods for Voluntary Weight Loss and Control
Authors: NIH Technology Assessment Conference Panel
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

One quarter to one third of Americans are overweight; as many as 40% of women and 24% of men are trying to lose weight at any given time; many have tried a variety of methods, such as diets, exercise, behavior modification, and drugs. In controlled settings, participants who remain in weight loss programs usually lose approximately 10% of their weight. However, one third to two thirds of the weight is regained within 1 year, and almost all is regained within 5 years. For many overweight persons, achieving and maintaining a healthy weight is a lifelong challenge. Successful weight loss improves several cardiovascular risk factors and diabetic control; effects on mortality are not clear. Several epidemiologic studies have found that weight loss is associated with increased mortality but the reasons for weight loss were not known. Survey data also confirm that many Americans who are not overweight, particularly young women, are trying to lose weight, which may have adverse physical and psychological consequences. Because of the importance of these issues, research on weight and on weight loss and control should assume a high priority on the nation's health agenda.
Awards, Appointments, Announcements
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2011)

of the Personalized Cancer Medicine for Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), has been awarded the 2011 Addario Lectureship Award for his work on eradicating lung cancer.Pao ' s efforts have focused on identifying important mutations in lung tumors, which already have led to important changes classifying and treating lung cancer.Pao also studies ways
Synergism of Estrogens and X-Rays In Mammary Carcinogenesis In Female ACI Rats&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1981)
Measles Skin Test and Serologic Response to Intradermal Measles Antigen
Authors: John D. Nelson
Journal: JAMA (1966)

History of clinical measles is unreliable as an index of immunity because of subclinical infections, formes frustes, and other exanthems which may masquerade as measles. A skin test for reliably identifying individuals susceptible to measles could be useful for both selecting those requiring vaccination and for testing success of vaccination. This study was designed to relate reactivity to the intradermal injection of a measles antigen to history of clinical measles, to prior vaccination, and to the level of neutralizing and hemagglutination-inhibition antibodies. Another purpose was to determine whether a booster response in serum antibodies resulted from the skin test. <h3>Methods and Materials</h3><h3>Skin Test Antigen.—</h3> The antigen was a tenfold concentration of formaldehyde-inactivated measles virus vaccine produced in chick-embryo tissue culture. The titer of virus before inactivation and concentration was 1 × 10<sup>3.59</sup>infectious doses per 0.5 ml. It did not contain adjuvant, but was preserved with 1:20,000 thimerosal
Electrocardiography in Practice
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Endobronchial Pulmonary Nocardiosis
Authors: Joseph Q. Henkle
Journal: JAMA (1986)

PULMONARY nocardiosis presents with a highly variable clinical and roentgenographic picture that can often mimic granulomatous disease or neoplasm.<sup>1-4</sup>A review of the literature describes only one previous report of pulmonary nocardial infection with an associated endobronchial mass.<sup>5</sup>We report the second case, to our knowledge, of this unusual manifestation of pulmonary nocardiosis. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 56-year-old man saw his local physician on Aug 28, 1984, for malaise, cough productive of small amounts of sputum, and occasional night sweats of several days' duration. He denied fever, chills, recent weight loss, chest pain, hemoptysis, joint pains, headache, or skin lesions. Several days prior to the onset of his symptoms, he experienced significant dust exposure while raking his yard. There was no prior history of pulmonary illness. The patient had lived in Arizona for six years in an area endemic for coccidioidomycosis. He had a 20 pack-year history
Effects of acutely raising intracranial pressure on cardiac sympathetic efferent neuron function
Authors: D. A. Murphy, S. O'Blenes, B. A. Nassar, J.A. Armour
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1995)

Journal Article Effects of acutely raising intracranial pressure on cardiac sympathetic efferent neuron function Get access David A. Murphy, David A. Murphy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Stacey O'Blenes, Stacey O'Blenes Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Bassam A. Nassar, Bassam A. Nassar Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J.Andrew Armour J.Andrew Armour * *Corresponding author. Tel.: (+ 1-902) 494 3517; fax: (+ 1-902) 494 1685. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 30, Issue 5, November 1995, Pages 716–724, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6363(95)00202-2 Published: 01 November 1995 Article history Received: 27 January 1995 Accepted: 20 June 1995 Published: 01 November 1995
INFECTIOUS VIRUS-ANTIBODY COMPLEXES: INTERACTION WITH ANTI-IMMUNOGLOBULINS, COMPLEMENT, AND RHEUMATOID FACTOR
Authors: Abner Louis Notkins
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1971)

Interaction of antiviral antibody with the virion can result in the formation of infectious VA complexes. These complexes have been recovered from the blood of chronically infected animals and have been produced in vitro. Incubation of infectious VA complexes with specific anti-immunoglobulins or the purified first and fourth components of complement resulted in neutralization. With subneutralizing concentrations of the first and fourth components of complement, neutralization was enhanced by the addition of the second and third components of complement. RF attached to infectious VA complexes but failed to produce neutralization. The attachment of RF to VA complexes, however, increased the susceptibility of these complexes to neutralization by complement. These findings support the hypothesis that anti-immunoglobulins and complement result in neutralization by more extensive coverage of the surface of the virion than occurs with antiviral antibody alone. Other experiments showed that antiviral antibody increased the sedimentation of radio-labeled virus and that rate-zonal centrifugation could be used to purify VA complexes and to study factors which influence the association and dissociation of these complexes. Our experiments suggest that in vivo the attachment of accessory factors to infectious VA complexes might enhance virus neutralization and play a role in the pathogenesis of virus-induced immune complex disease.
Highlights of This Issue
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2013)

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is one of the most aggressive forms of cancer, with few effective treatments and a five-year survival of only ∼ 40%. To identify potentially useful therapies, a meta-analysis of multiple siRNA screens was performed, which identified HSP90 as a major hub controlling drug resistance. Ganetespib is a second generation HSP90 inhibitor that is showing considerable promise in clinical trials. In multiple mouse models, ganetespib had single-agent activity and also strongly enhanced the activity of paclitaxel, a standard cytotoxic agent used for EOC treatment, suggesting the potential value of clinical assessment of this drug combination.Integration of transcriptomics and metabolomics is a novel approach to reveal the underlying mechanisms of tumor progression and to identify potential therapeutic targets. Zhang and colleagues have used this approach to investigate the mechanism of disease aggressiveness in pancreatic cancer and showed that an impaired lipolytic network involving four lipases and their metabolites play an important role in the progression of pancreatic cancer and are candidate targets for therapeutic intervention. The article shows that the integration of “omics” data provides a system-level perspective of pancreatic cancer that could facilitate the development of novel treatment strategy.This article reports that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) over-expression is frequently observed in follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDC-S). In a patient-derived short term culture, the engagement of surface EGFR by EGF drives the survival and proliferation of tumor cells via MAPK and STAT pathways. Remarkably, EGFR ligands, and Betacellulin (BTC) in particular, are produced in the tumor microenvironment of FDC-S. Lack of somatic mutations of KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, and PI3KCA in FDC-S tumor samples predicts sensitivity to anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody and suggests possible candidates for EGFR blockade in this neoplasm.The drug-metabolizing enzyme and transporter (DMET)-platform is capable of detecting 1,936 genetic variants in 225 metabolizing enzyme and drug transporter genes. de Graan and colleagues developed a genetic prediction model for paclitaxel pharmacokinetics based on the DMET-platform. In the validation set, the model had a 95% sensitivity to identify patients with a low paclitaxel clearance. The positive predictive value was 22%. After multivariate analysis, the model remained associated with low paclitaxel clearance.
Awards, Appointments, Announcements
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1992)

Journal Article Awards, Appointments, Announcements Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 84, Issue 21, 4 November 1992, Pages 1623–1625, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/84.21.1623-a Published: 04 November 1992
Periodic Breast Cancer Screening With Single Oblique-View Mammography
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1983)

Journal Article Periodic Breast Cancer Screening With Single Oblique-View Mammography Get access J.J. Rombach, M.D. J.J. Rombach, M.D. Diagnostic Department DOM Project PreventionRadboudkwartier 261 3511 CK Utrecht, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 70, Issue 1, January 1983, Page 1, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/70.1.1 Published: 01 January 1983
Increased sinusoidal wall permeability and liver fatty change after two-thirds hepatectomy: An ultrastructural study in the rat
Authors: Eugenio Morsiani, Mary Mazzoni, Arrigo Aleotti, Paolo Gorini, Daniele Ricci
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Accumulation of lipids in the hepatocyte cytoplasm after partial hepatectomy (PH) has long been recognized, but the mechanism behind this phenomenon is still poorly understood. In this study, rats subjected to a standard two-thirds PH showed early and marked increase in portal venous pressure ( P &lt; .01). On scanning electron microscopy, the regenerating liver fixed by portal perfusion under hemodynamic conditions identical to that found in vivo during the first 24 hours showed a significant ( P &lt; .01) 10-fold increase in the sinusoidal wall porosity (percentage open area by fenestrations). This was paralleled by the disappearance of the sieveplate arrangement of small fenestrations and by a significant decrease in the number of fenestrations per micrometers squared of sinusoidal surface at 6 ( P &lt; .01) and 12 hours ( P &lt; .05). In addition, there were major changes in the frequency and distribution of all three classes of fenestrations. At 6 and 12 hours, there was a marked decrease of small class 1 fenestrations and a marked increase of intermediate class 2 fenestrations and large class 3 fenestrations ( P &lt; .0001). A concurrent accumulation of lipid droplets in the hepatocyte cytoplasm produced a 20-fold increase in the hepatocyte total lipid volume. A statistically significant linear correlation ( r = 0.907; P &lt; .01) was found between the amount of intracellular lipids and the data quantitating the changes in porosity of liver sinusoids at 24 hours. It is concluded that an increased sinusoidal wall permeability to lipids may be the primum movens in the pathogenesis of transient liver fatty change after PH in the rat. (Hepatology 1995;21:539-544.)
Transformation and Virus Production in Normal Rat Thymus Cells and Those Infected With Moloney Leukemia Virus&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Natalie E. Cremer, Dee O. N. Taylor, Lyndon S. Oshiro, Yael Teitz
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1970)

Cell lines T21M and T24M, derived from thymus cells of normal inbred Osborne-Mendel rats, were infected in vitro with Moloney leukemia virus (MLV). They have continuously produced virus for 3 years. Fluctuation in amount and brilliance of staining of the cells with fluoresceintagged rat anti-MLV antibody occurred. The T21M cell line grew as a reticulum cell sarcoma and fibrosarcoma on implantation into infant rats, whereas the T24M cell line did not transplant to infant rats. Cell lines T21C and T24C, derived from the same pools of normal rat thymus cells as used for T21M and T24M, were maintained as uninoculated control cell lines. Cell-free preparations from the cell lines produced no observable disease in BALB/c mice. The cell lines did not fluoresce with fluoresceintagged rat anti-MLV antibody. On implantation into infant rats the T21C cells occasionally formed tumors (fibrosarcoma and reticulum cell sarcoma) after a long latent period, while the T24C cells did not transplant to infant rats. An occasional C-type particle budded from the plasma membrane of these cell lines. The relationship of these particles to MLV particles is under study.
Depression of DNA Synthesis in Mouse Spleen After Treatment With 5-Aza-2′-deoxycytidine
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1979)

5-Aza-2′ -deoxycytidine is a highly effective cyto-static agent that preferentially affects the lymphatic system. Pretreatment of nonlnbred H mice with the drug markedly depressed the level of thymldine (dThd) incorporation into DNA in the spleen and also lowered the dThd and thymidylate kinase activities. Maximum effects were observed following administration of the analog in a single dose 24 hours before the mice were killed. Whereas cytldine and dThd did not reverse the inhibitory effect of 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine, excessive doses of deoxycytldine partially reversed this inhibition. Similar to the depression of dThd Incorporation, a depression in the Incorporation of deoxycytidine and cytldine Into spleen DNA was found after 24-hour pretreatment with 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine. However, 7 days following 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine treatment, the Incorporation of dThd Into DNA in the spleens of mice was significantly Increased. [3H]5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine was rapidly Incorporated into spleen DNA, whereas deoxycytidine interfered with the Incorporation of [3H]5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine.
Prolonged Incubation Period of Imported P. Vivax Malaria in London<sup>1</sup>
Authors: Ruth Warwick, G J Swimer, R P Britt
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1980)

Between January 1976 and July 1979, 453 cases of malaria were seen at Hillingdon Hospital. The majority of cases were Plasmodium vivax infections in Asians from the Punjab in Northern India-either new immigrants or United Kingdom resident Asians returning from holidays. Twenty-four cases were contracted in Africa or the Middle East. Figures are presented showing a considerable increase in cases during the period of study. In P. vivax infections the time interval between arrival and development of the acute illness was significantly greater for those subjects entering the United Kingdom in autumn or winter.
A Color Atlas of Morphologic Hematology with a Guide to Clinical Interpretation
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Neck Injury to Women in Auto Accidents
Authors: Charles H. Schutt
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Disabling neck injuries to women in auto accidents are common in metropolitan regions, 6.7/1,000 women year. Near Newark, NJ, the rate was 14.5/1,000/year, half occurring from rear-end collisions. Absence from work averaged eight weeks. Delayed onset was not associated with longer absence. Symptoms continued more than six months in about 75% of those without, as well as with pending litigation. These and other data do not support the opinion that prolonged symptoms are commonly due to litigation neurosis or malingering. Reports of electroencephalographic abnormalities in a high proportion of humans and animals with whiplash injury plus damage to the sympathetic and cerebrospinal nervous systems and rupture of stabilizing ligaments indicate possible organic bases for "neurosis." Proper headrests prevent whiplash injury to humans. Federal regulations require headrests in automobiles made after Dec 31, 1968.
Improving Clinical Practice
Authors: J. Jarrett Clinton
Journal: JAMA (1992)

We live in an age of great opportunity. Science, technology, and clinical findings have provided a vast foundation of knowledge that physicians can draw on to make quality patient-care decisions. Paradoxically, it is that same abundance of scientific information and practice findings, plus the complication of contradictory evidence, that ultimately prevents widespread implementation of research-based methods to improve patient outcomes. Our challenge at the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (AHCPR) is to work with independent panels of experts to instill the broadest base of science and clinical experience into practice guidelines that can be easily adapted by clinicians for the widest range of patients. Medicine's challenge is to evaluate and assimilate that science-based knowledge, consider current practices and outcomes, and adopt the guidelines that work best in practice. Essential to this challenge is the need to reduce the level of inappropriate care that compromises successful outcomes for patients,
Motor Vehicle Crash Injury Patterns and the Virginia Seat Belt Law
Authors: Diane C. Lestina
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Injuries to front seat occupants in tow-away crashes in the Charlottesville, Va, area were compared for 1 year before and 1 year after Virginia's seat belt use law took effect. Vehicle and occupant data were combined to examine crash and injury patterns. Reported seat belt use in crashes increased after the law, and there were substantial decreases in injuries. Front seat occupants were less likely to receive medical treatment following a crash in the postlaw period. The reduction in the number of injuries was greater for passengers in the right front seat than for drivers and for frontal crashes than for other types of crashes. The injury reduction effects occurred primarily through reductions in the number of head and face injuries, particularly those that occur from contact with windshields and instrument panels. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;265:1409-1413)
The Osteopathic Dilemma: Separate or Same?
Authors: Edward C. Weber
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The recent article by Dr Gevitz<sup>1</sup>on sectarian medicine prompts these thoughts from a 1976 graduate of the Philadelphia College of (so-called) Osteopathic Medicine. Devotion to the supposed philosophic advantages of osteopathic medicine correlated inversely with academic achievement in my class. This relationship was a very strong and obvious one. Of those graduating in the top quintile of the class, a large percentage chose allopathic postgraduate training programs. Institutions closely integrated into the political structure of organized osteopathy were more typically the hospitals providing internships to those who graduated in the lowest class rankings. Although the inference is clear that a separate osteopathic medical community can be a refuge for those who cannot compete in the larger orthodox medical community, many Doctors of Osteopathy who have chosen to remain within the osteopathic fold have become fine physicians. Osteopathic principles did not permeate our curriculum. We struggled
Resistance to Tumor Graft in Mice Treated With Inactivated &lt;italic&gt;Brucella abortus&lt;/italic&gt; Cultured in Smooth or Rough Phase&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Anne Martin, Louis Toujas, Yvonne Le Garrec, Leontine Dazord, Jean Amice
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1979)

Because killed Brucella abortus organisms cultured in smooth (S) or rough (R) phase were known to differentially influence humoral and cellular immune responses and to differ in their effects on T-dependent responses, the antitumor properties of killed B. abortus organisms, cultured in S- or R-phase and then inactivated, were compared in (C57BL/6 × DBA/2)F, female mice with the use of 6 different transplantable tumors. In solid tumors, the antitumor effects produced by S-preparations were never improved by R-preparations. However, in ascites tumors, R-preparations gave the best antitumor results. These findings suggested that the defense mechanisms activated by immunostimulants may differ according to the site of tumor implantation. Among the other experimental factors studied, the route of B. abortus administration had a prominent role. Local injection at the site of tumor implantation before or after the graft gave better results than did systemic treatment. Systemic treatment could enhance the growth of Lewis tumor when applied 5 or 10 days before tumor graft but generally had an antitumor effect when given 1 day after the graft.