tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Love and Math
Authors: Benjamin Lane
Journal: JAMA (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A Ratiometric SERS Probe for Imaging the Macrophage Phenotypes in Live Mice with Epilepsy and Brain Tumor
Authors: Wenjia Duan, Cong Wang, Yiqing Jiang, An Sui, Zhi Li, Lu Wang, Zuhai Lei, Silvio Aime, Jinhua Yu, Cong Li
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Macrophage performs multiple functions such as pathogen phagocytosis, antigen presentation, and tissue remodeling by polarizing toward a spectrum of phenotypes. Dynamic imaging of macrophage phenotypes is critical for evaluating disease progression and the therapeutic response of drug candidates. However, current technologies cannot identify macrophage phenotypes in vivo. Herein, a surface-enhanced Raman scattering nanoprobe, AH1, which enables the accurate determination of physiological pH with high sensitivity and tissue penetration depth through ratiometric Raman signals is developed. Due to the phenotype-dependent metabolic reprogramming, AH1 can effectively identify macrophage subpopulations by measuring the acidity levels in phagosomes. After intravenous administration, AH1 not only visualizes the spatial distribution of macrophage phenotypes in brain tumors and epileptic regions of mouse models, but also reveals the repolarization of macrophages in brain lesions after drug intervention. This work provides a new tool for dynamically monitoring the disease-associated immune microenvironment and evaluating the efficacy of immune-therapeutics in vivo.
Safety and Tolerability of Low-Dose Radiation and Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy + Sintilimab for Treatment-Naïve Stage IV PD-L1+ Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients
Authors: Xiaojuan Zhou, Laiyan Zhou, Zhuoran Yao, Meijuan Huang, Youling Gong, Bingwen Zou, Jiang Zhu, Yongmei Liu, Feng Peng, Yan Zhang, Min Yu, Yanying Li, Feifei Na, Yijun Wu, Kai Kang, Weigang Xiu, Xuanwei Zhang, Lin Zhou, Yong Xu, Jin Wang, Yan Wang, Xue Yang, Yuanjun Wu, Rui Li, Yu Zhang, Zhenzhou Yang, Zhipeng Zhou, Jing Bai, Xin Yi, Ruizhan Tong, Limei Yin, Chong Chen, Gabriele Niedermann, You Lu, Jianxin Xue
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2023)

Low-dose radiotherapy (LDRT) may enhance the synergistic antitumor effect of combined immunotherapy and stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). The safety and efficacy of this novel triple-combination therapy were evaluated for the first time as first-line treatment for patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).This prospective phase I study enrolled 29 patients and included a dose-escalation and dose-expansion phase. Patients received SBRT [30 Gray (Gy)/3f] to small lesions and LDRT (2 Gy/1f, 4 Gy/2f, or 10 Gy/5f) to a large lesion concurrently, followed by sintilimab (a programmed death-1 inhibitor). The primary endpoint was safety and tolerability; secondary endpoints included objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS).No dose-limiting toxicities were observed during the dose-escalation phase; 4 Gy/2f was the recommended LDRT dose. Median follow-up was 15.6 months. Treatment-related adverse events (TRAE) occurred in 96.6% (28/29) of patients [grade ≥ 3; 20.7% (6/29)]; 2 patients (6.9%) discontinued due to TRAEs. Seven patients experienced pneumonitis (grade 2, n = 6; grade 3, n = 1). Immune-related adverse events were noted in 58.6% (17/29) of patients. In patients with tumor assessment (n = 28), ORR and confirmed ORR were 60.7% and 57.1%, respectively. Median PFS was 8.6 months (95% confidence interval, 3.7-16.5), and median OS was not reached. Exploratory analyses suggested both expanded and newly emerging T-cell receptor clonotypes were associated with better PFS.The findings indicate that the novel SBRT + LDRT + sintilimab therapy is safe and promising in patients with programmed death ligand-1-positive, driver gene-negative primary metastatic NSCLC.
Molecular Results and Potential Biomarkers Identified from the Phase 3 MILO/ENGOT-ov11 Study of Binimetinib versus Physician Choice of Chemotherapy in Recurrent Low-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Rachel N. Grisham, Ignace Vergote, Susana Banerjee, Esther Drill, Elsa Kalbacher, Mansoor Raza Mirza, Ignacio Romero, Peter Vuylsteke, Robert L. Coleman, Felix Hilpert, Amit M. Oza, Anneke Westermann, Martin K. Oehler, Sandro Pignata, Carol Aghajanian, Nicoletta Colombo, David Cibula, Kathleen N. Moore, Josep M. del Campo, Regina Berger, Christian Marth, Jalid Sehouli, David M. O'Malley, Cristina Churruca, Gunnar Kristensen, Andrew Clamp, John Farley, Gopa Iyer, Isabelle Ray-Coquard, Bradley J. Monk
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2023)

Abstract Purpose: We present the results of a post hoc tumor tissue analysis from the phase 3 MILO/ENGOT-ov11 study (NCT01849874). Patients and Methods: Mutation/copy-number analysis was performed on tissue obtained pre-randomization. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to estimate progression-free survival (PFS). Unbiased univariate analysis, Cox regression, and binary logistic regression were used to test associations between mutation status and outcomes, including PFS and binary response by local RECIST 1.1. Results: MILO/ENGOT-ov11 enrolled 341 patients, ranging in age from 22 to 79, from June, 2013 to April, 2016. Patients were randomized 2:1 to binimetinib or physician's choice of chemotherapy (PCC). The most commonly altered gene was KRAS (33%). In 135 patients treated with binimetinib with response rate (RR) data, other detected MAPK pathway alterations included: NRAS (n = 11, 8.1%), BRAF V600E (n = 8, 5.9%), RAF1 (n = 2, 1.5%), and NF1 (n = 7, 5.2%). In those with and without MAPK pathway alterations, the RRs with binimetinib were 41% and 13%, respectively. PFS was significantly longer in patients with, compared with those without, MAPK pathway alterations treated with binimetinib [HR, 0.5; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.31–0.79]. There was a nonsignificant trend toward PFS improvement in PCC-treated patients with MAPK pathway alterations compared with those without (HR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.43–1.59). Conclusions: Although this hypothesis-generating analysis is limited by multiple testing, higher RRs and longer PFS were seen in patients with low-grade serous ovarian cancer (LGSOC) treated with binimetinib, and to a lesser extent in those treated with PCC, who harbored MAPK pathway alterations. Somatic tumor testing should be routinely considered in patients with LGSOC and used as a future stratification factor.
Intrapartum Magnesium for Neuroprotection
Authors: Judette Marie Louis, Tara Marie Randis
Journal: JAMA (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Improving the Management of Postdural Puncture Headache—An International Clinical Guideline and Call for Better Evidence
Authors: Mark C. Bicket, Alex Peahl, Robert R. Gaiser
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Vishal Uppal, MBBS, MSc; Robin Russell, MBBS; Rakesh Sondekoppam, MD; Jessica Ansari, MD; Zafeer Baber, MD; Yian Chen, MD; Kathryn DelPizzo, MD; Dan Sebastian Dîrzu, MD; Hari Kalagara, MD; Narayan R. Kissoon, MD; Peter G. Kranz, MD; Lisa Leffert, MD; Grace Lim, MD; Clara A. Lobo, MD; Dominique Nuala Lucas, MBBS; Eleni Moka, MD; Stephen E. Rodriguez, MD; Herman Sehmbi, MD; Manuel C. Vallejo, MD; Thomas Volk, MD; Samer Narouze, MD, PhD
Consensus Practice Guidelines on Postdural Puncture Headache From a Multisociety, International Working Group
Authors: Vishal Uppal, Robin Russell, Rakesh Sondekoppam, Jessica Ansari, Zafeer Baber, Yian Chen, Kathryn DelPizzo, Dan Sebastian Dîrzu, Hari Kalagara, Narayan R. Kissoon, Peter G. Kranz, Lisa Leffert, Grace Lim, Clara A. Lobo, Dominique Nuala Lucas, Eleni Moka, Stephen E. Rodriguez, Herman Sehmbi, Manuel C. Vallejo, Thomas Volk, Samer Narouze
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Importance Postdural puncture headache (PDPH) can follow unintentional dural puncture during epidural techniques or intentional dural puncture during neuraxial procedures, such as a lumbar puncture or spinal anesthesia. Evidence-based guidance on the prevention, diagnosis, and management of this condition is, however, currently lacking. Objective To fill the practice guidelines void and provide comprehensive information and patient-centric recommendations for preventing, diagnosing, and managing PDPH. Evidence Review With input from committee members and stakeholders of 6 participating professional societies, 10 review questions that were deemed important for the prevention, diagnosis, and management of PDPH were developed. A literature search for each question was performed in MEDLINE on March 2, 2022. Additional relevant clinical trials, systematic reviews, and research studies published through March 2022 were also considered for practice guideline development and shared with collaborator groups. Each group submitted a structured narrative review along with recommendations that were rated according to the US Preventive Services Task Force grading of evidence. Collaborators were asked to vote anonymously on each recommendation using 2 rounds of a modified Delphi approach. Findings After 2 rounds of electronic voting by a 21-member multidisciplinary collaborator team, 47 recommendations were generated to provide guidance on the risk factors for and the prevention, diagnosis, and management of PDPH, along with ratings for the strength and certainty of evidence. A 90% to 100% consensus was obtained for almost all recommendations. Several recommendations were rated as having moderate to low certainty. Opportunities for future research were identified. Conclusions and Relevance Results of this consensus statement suggest that current approaches to the treatment and management of PDPH are not uniform due to the paucity of evidence. The practice guidelines, however, provide a framework for individual clinicians to assess PDPH risk, confirm the diagnosis, and adopt a systematic approach to its management.
Perioperative Vaginal Estrogen as Adjunct to Native Tissue Vaginal Apical Prolapse Repair
Authors: David D. Rahn, Holly E. Richter, Vivian W. Sung, Jessica E. Pruszynski, Linda S. Hynan
Journal: JAMA (2023)

Importance Surgical repairs of apical/uterovaginal prolapse are commonly performed using native tissue pelvic ligaments as the point of attachment for the vaginal cuff after a hysterectomy. Clinicians may recommend vaginal estrogen in an effort to reduce prolapse recurrence, but the effects of intravaginal estrogen on surgical prolapse management are uncertain. Objective To compare the efficacy of perioperative vaginal estrogen vs placebo cream on prolapse recurrence following native tissue surgical prolapse repair. Design, Setting, and Participants This randomized superiority clinical trial was conducted at 3 tertiary US clinical sites (Texas, Alabama, Rhode Island). Postmenopausal women (N = 206) with bothersome anterior and apical vaginal prolapse interested in surgical repair were enrolled in urogynecology clinics between December 2016 and February 2020. Interventions The intervention was 1 g of conjugated estrogen cream (0.625 mg/g) or placebo, inserted vaginally nightly for 2 weeks and then twice weekly to complete at least 5 weeks of application preoperatively; this continued twice weekly for 12 months postoperatively. Participants underwent a vaginal hysterectomy (if uterus present) and standardized apical fixation (either uterosacral or sacrospinous ligament fixation). Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was time to failure of prolapse repair by 12 months after surgery defined by at least 1 of the following 3 outcomes: anatomical/objective prolapse of the anterior or posterior walls beyond the hymen or the apex descending more than one-third of the vaginal length, subjective vaginal bulge symptoms, or repeated prolapse treatment. Secondary outcomes included measures of urinary and sexual function, symptoms and signs of urogenital atrophy, and adverse events. Results Of 206 postmenopausal women, 199 were randomized and 186 underwent surgery. The mean (SD) age of participants was 65 (6.7) years. The primary outcome was not significantly different for women receiving vaginal estrogen vs placebo through 12 months: 12-month failure incidence of 19% (n = 20) for vaginal estrogen vs 9% (n = 10) for placebo (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.97 [95% CI, 0.92-4.22]), with the anatomic recurrence component being most common, rather than vaginal bulge symptoms or prolapse repeated treatment. Masked surgeon assessment of vaginal tissue quality and estrogenization was significantly better in the vaginal estrogen group at the time of the operation. In the subset of participants with at least moderately bothersome vaginal atrophy symptoms at baseline (n = 109), the vaginal atrophy score for most bothersome symptom was significantly better at 12 months with vaginal estrogen. Conclusions and Relevance Adjunctive perioperative vaginal estrogen application did not improve surgical success rates after native tissue transvaginal prolapse repair. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02431897
Techniques of staging laparoscopy and peritoneal fluid assessment in gastric cancer: a systematic review
Authors: Karol Rawicz-Pruszyński, Maria Erodotou, Zuzanna Pelc, Katarzyna Sędłak, Wojciech Polkowski, Timothy M. Pawlik, Bas P.L. Wijnhoven
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

Staging laparoscopy for gastric cancer is recommended to assess the tumor's locoregional extension and exclude peritoneal disease. As there is no consensus on optimizing the procedure's diagnostic accuracy, we aimed to systematically review the literature on operative techniques, followed by peritoneal lavage fluid assessment in gastric cancer patients. Specifically, we sought to indicate the most common characteristics of the procedure and cytological evaluation.This study was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The protocol for this systematic review was registered on PROSPERO database (CRD: 42022306746). On September 2022, a search was carried out using Embase, Medline ALL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science Core Collection.The search identified 1632 studies on staging laparoscopy and 2190 studies on peritoneal fluid assessment. Some 212 studies were included. Open Hasson was the method of choice in accessing the peritoneal cavity in 65% of the studies, followed by establishing a pneumoperitoneum at 10-12 mmHg in 52% of reports. Most frequently, the patient was positioned supine (70%), while a 30° scope and three ports were used to assess the peritoneal cavity clockwise (72%, 77%, and 85%, respectively). Right and left upper abdomen quadrants were the predominant area of laparoscopic exploration (both 65%), followed by the primary tumor region (54%), liver and pelvis (both 30%), and small bowel and spleen (19% and 17%, respectively). Regions of peritoneal lavage and aspiration were limited to the pelvis (50%), followed by right and left upper abdomen quadrants (37.5% and 50%, respectively). No studies compared different methods of operative techniques or analysis of ascites/fluid.This study indicates a high heterogeneity in the technique of staging laparoscopy and peritoneal fluid assessment in gastric cancer patients. Further research and initiatives to reach a consensus on the standardization of the procedure are warranted.
Threats and Opportunities Associated With Rapid Growth of Mega-Journals—Reply
Authors: John P. A. Ioannidis, Angelo Maria Pezzullo, Stefania Boccia
Journal: JAMA (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Gauging the Value of Top-Selling Drugs in Medicare—Reply
Authors: Alexander C. Egilman, Benjamin N. Rome, Aaron S. Kesselheim
Journal: JAMA (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Bursting Tumor Bubbles to Improve CAR T-cell Therapy
Authors: Sergio Ortiz-Espinosa, Shivani Srivastava
Journal: Cancer Research (2023)

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have had dramatic success in B-cell malignancies, but this efficacy has not yet translated to more common solid tumors. In this issue of Cancer Research, Zhong and colleagues demonstrated that tumor-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEV) contain CAR target antigens like mesothelin, enabling them to preferentially interact with and suppress the activity of CAR T cells in vivo. PD-L1 in tumor-derived sEVs increased upon CAR T-cell infusion and induced PD-L1-dependent suppression of CAR T cells that could be completely reversed by PD-L1 blockade. Strategies to inhibit sEV secretion, via genetic manipulation of tumor cells or pharmacologic inhibition, significantly improved CAR T-cell accumulation, function, and antitumor activity in vivo, suggesting that therapeutic targeting of sEV secretion could be a promising new approach to improving the efficacy of CAR T-cell therapy. See related article by Zhong et al., p. 2790.
CFTR-rich ionocytes mediate chloride absorption across airway epithelia
Authors: Lei Lei, Soumba Traore, Guillermo S. Romano Ibarra, Philip H. Karp, Tayyab Rehman, David K. Meyerholz, Joseph Zabner, David A. Stoltz, Patrick L. Sinn, Michael J. Welsh, Paul B. McCray, Ian M. Thornell
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2023)

The volume and composition of a thin layer of liquid covering the airway surface defend the lung from inhaled pathogens and debris. Airway epithelia secrete Cl- into the airway surface liquid through cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) channels, thereby increasing the volume of airway surface liquid. The discovery that pulmonary ionocytes contain high levels of CFTR led us to predict that ionocytes drive secretion. However, we found the opposite. Elevating ionocyte abundance increased liquid absorption, whereas reducing ionocyte abundance increased secretion. In contrast to other airway epithelial cells, ionocytes contained barttin/Cl- channels in their basolateral membrane. Disrupting barttin/Cl- channel function impaired liquid absorption, and overexpressing barttin/Cl- channels increased absorption. Together, apical CFTR and basolateral barttin/Cl- channels provide an electrically conductive pathway for Cl- flow through ionocytes, and the transepithelial voltage generated by apical Na+ channels drives absorption. These findings indicate that ionocytes mediate liquid absorption, and secretory cells mediate liquid secretion. Segregating these counteracting activities to distinct cell types enables epithelia to precisely control the airway surface. Moreover, the divergent role of CFTR in ionocytes and secretory cells suggests that cystic fibrosis disrupts both liquid secretion and absorption.
Critical appraisal of a non-invasive model to derive pulmonary capillary wedge pressure from cardiac magnetic resonance in heart failure patients: insights from a large Portuguese Observational Study
Authors: Sérgio Maltês, Mariana Sousa Paiva, Rita Reis Santos, Bruno M L Rocha, Gonçalo J L Cunha, Cláudia Silva, Sara Guerreiro, Pedro Freitas, João Abecasis, António M Ferreira
Journal:  (2023)