tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Response to Letter Regarding Article, “Heart Failure With Preserved and Reduced Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction in the Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial”
Authors: Barry R. Davis, Lara M. Simpson, Charles E. Ford, John B. Kostis, Henry R. Black, William C. Cushman, Paula T. Einhorn, Michael A. Farber, Daniel Levy, Barry M. Massie, Shah Nawaz
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Ventricular Ejection Fraction in the Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial"We thank Dr Barrios and colleagues for their comments on our article. 1We agree that in a large randomized trial, it is not easy to ascertain reasons for imbalances in the administration of different agents.Heart failure (HF) hospitalization is an important outcome regardless of whether differences in its occurrence are due to diuretic treatment of patients with HF that is not severe enough for hospitalization or to actual prevention by diuretics.If the diagnosis of HF is based on signs and symptoms, then an agent preventing these signs and symptoms is preventing HF.In the Telmisartan Randomised Assessment Study in ACE Intolerant Subjects With Cardiovascular Disease (TRANSCEND), 2 there could have been several reasons why there was more diuretic use in the placebo group.It may have been a need for better blood pressure control in the placebo arm or specifically for treating symptoms/signs of nonhospitalized HF, which resulted in fewer heart failure hospitalizations.In the Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT), 3,4 we did capture information about all HF (treated nonhospitalized and hospitalized), and the diuretic was superior to the calcium channel blocker, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, and ␣-blocker in preventing both of these HF outcomes.
Nitric oxide formation lowers norepinephrine-induced intrahepatic resistance without major effects on the metabolism in the perfused rat liver
Authors: H Weidenbach
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

Nitric oxide (NO) and norepinephrine are potent vasoactive agents that are involved in the control of portal blood flow. We have studied NO and norepinephrine in a non-recirculated rat liver perfusion to analyze their influence on portal flow and hepatic metabolism. Animals were either pretreated with endotoxin (4 hours; 10 mg/kg intraperitoneally) to activate the inducible NO synthase (NOS2), or used without pretreatment for the constitutive NO synthase (NOS3). In both groups, portal flow, bile flow, bile secretion, and the sinusoidal bile acid uptake were reduced by norepinephrine with a simultaneous increase of glucose and lactate output. The addition of the substrate for NO synthesis, L-arginine (0.5 mmol/L), to the perfusate markedly inhibited the effect of 0.1 μmol/L norepinephrine on portal flow from −2.6 ± 0.32 to 0.3 ± 0.1 mL/g/10 min in endotoxin-treated animals, and from −2.9 ± 0.45 to 0.77 ± 0.29 mL/g/10 min in the untreated ones. In contrast, neither NO formation after L-arginine supplementation nor inhibition of NO synthesis via the structural analogue (NG-monomethyl-L-arginine [L-NMMA]) changed cholestatic and glycogenolytic effects caused by norepinephrine. Only the sinusoidal bile acid uptake was reduced following increased NO formation. Thus, we conclude that endogenous NO formation prevents α-catecholaminergic-increased intrahepatic resistance without a major influence on the metabolic effects.
Alcoholism
Authors: Edgar End
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The thoughtful letters of Lew (223:800, 1973), of Buchan, and of Levitt and Weedman (224:526, 1973) on alcoholism make stimulating but rather discouraging reading, and bring up a question. Until we have a sure cure for this, our No. 1 drug abuse problem, shouldn't we direct more effort toward deglamorizing drinking? Shouldn't our great, good, protective government, which tells us how to practice medicine and decrees which medications we can and cannot use, get on the stick and stop all advertising of drinking as a passport to Happiness in Life, Acceptance in Society, and Success in Business? How ironic it is for magazines, billboards, and newspapers to bombard us with seductive advertisements for alcohol, our most dangerous addicting drug, which is available by over-the-counter sale, while our ever-more-obese population is apparently to be doomed to fight alone against the frustration, emotional trauma, and hypercholesteremia of overweight because the
What Shall be done for a Patient with
Journal: JAMA (1891)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Board of Trustees
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hyperventilation syndrome
Authors: D M INNOCENTI
Journal: Thorax (2001)

COPD exacerbationsWe read with interest the paper by Cotton and associates 1 on early discharge for patients with exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and the accompanying editorial by Killen and Ellis. 2 In both publications the 1991 study of our RespiCare home care programme was referenced, 3 and both asserted that our programme was not cost eVective.In fact, our study reached the opposite conclusion-namely, that the Respi-Care programme was shown to be cost eVective.Actual direct care charges in US dollars were used in our calculations of both pre-programme and on-programme costs.Additionally, administrative costs of operating RespiCare were added into the onprogramme costs.Our findings showed that, while hospitalisation costs substantially decreased during the programme, home care costs increased.However, the decrease in hospital costs more than oVset the subsequent increase in home care costs, with a total cost savings of $328 US dollars per patient per month or $3956 per year being realised for those on the RespiCare programme.Although the emphasis of the work was on improvements in clinical outcome, the cost savings were a significant and important aspect of our study.I hope this clarifies any misunderstanding created by the recent articles.
Internal Medicine: Its Theory and Practice
Journal: JAMA (1946)

This new edition of a textbook of medicine that has served medical students and practitioners well for some years brings a number of valuable additions. Chapters on bacillary and coccic diseases are written from the modern point of view and include mature appraisals of the most recent forms of treatment, as with sulfonamides and penicillin. The discussion of the viral diseases and diseases due to rickettsias and spirochetes follow the traditional pattern of most textbooks. A chapter on metazoan diseases is one of the best parts of the textbook. Concise descriptions of the infective organisms and an outline of their life habits give the reader the essential working knowledge of protozoology. Specific details of diagnostic procedures and treatment are practical aids to the reader. Suggestive means of prevention complete the summary of the brief discussion of the most common insect borne diseases. It is regretted that there is not a
Nephrology
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sustained bacteremia and transvenous cardiac pacemakers
Authors: L. C. Corman
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Five patients with transvenous cardiac pacemakers had sustained staphylococcal bacteremia (defined as bacteremia for at least 12 hours) two weeks to ten months after pacemaker insertion. Three of the five patients had no evidence of an extravascular focus of infection at the time of staphylococcal bacteremia. An additional patient had a petechial rash, which is unusual in staphylococcal bacteremia, unless endocarditis is present. All patients were treated with antibiotics and drainage of the pacemaker pocket when it was infected, removal of the pacemaker generator, or removal of the catheter electrode. One patient without evidence of pocket infection was treated successfully with antibiotic therapy alone. (<i>JAMA</i>233:264-266, 1975)
Abstract 5933: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) release exosomal microRNAs that dictate an aggressive phenotype in breast cancer
Authors: Gerolama Condorelli, Elvira Donnarumma, Danilo Fiore, Martina Nappa, Giuseppina Roscigno, Assunta Adamo, Margherita Iaboni, Valentina Russo, Alessandra Affinito, Cristina Quintavalle, Anna Rienzo, Salvatore Piscuoglio, Renato Thomas
Journal: Cancer Research (2017)

Abstract Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), the major components of the tumor microenvironment may drive tumor progression. Exosomes mediate horizontal transfer of miRs, mRNAs and proteins, thus affecting breast cancer progression. Differential expression profile analysis identified three miRs increased in exosomes from CAFs as compared from normal fibroblasts. Immunofluorescence indicated that exosomes may be transferred from CAFs to breast cancer cells, releasing their cargo miRs. Breast cancer cells exposed to CAF exosomes or transfected with those miRs exhibited a significant increased capacity to form mammospheres, increased stem cell and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, and anchorage-independent cell growth. These effects were reverted by transfection with anti-miRs. Similarly to CAF exosomes, normal fibroblast exosomes transfected with CAFs-miRs promoted the stemness and EMT phenotype of breast cancer cells. Thus, we provided evidence of the role of CAF exosomes and their miRs in the induction of the stemness and EMT phenotype in different breast cancer cell lines. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Gerolama Condorelli, Elvira Donnarumma, Danilo Fiore, Martina Nappa, Giuseppina Roscigno, Assunta Adamo, Margherita Iaboni, Valentina Russo, Alessandra Affinito, Cristina Quintavalle, Anna Rienzo, Salvatore Piscuoglio, Renato Thomas. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) release exosomal microRNAs that dictate an aggressive phenotype in breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5933. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-5933
Food allergies
Authors: H. A. Sampson
Journal: JAMA (1992)

THE TERMS<i>food allergy</i>and<i>food hypersensitivity</i>are synonymous when applied to a group of diseases that are characterized by an abnormal or exaggerated immunologic response to specific food allergens resulting in disease. Food allergy can be subdivided into two broad categories: disorders that are mediated by IgE, which are generally rapid in onset, and those that occur by non-IgE—mediated mechanisms.<i>Food intolerance</i>is a term used to describe an abnormal physiological response to an ingested food or food additive. Such reactions are not immunologic in nature and may include idiosyncratic, metabolic, pharmacological, or toxic responses.<sup>1</sup> The public perception of the importance of allergic reactions to foods substantially exceeds the prevalence of such reactions identified in clinical studies. Reports from prospective surveys have shown that at least one in four atopic adults believe that they have experienced adverse reactions following the ingestion or handling of foods. Similarly, parents believe
Aids to Anæsthesia
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prevalence of Selected Risk Factors for Chronic Disease and Injury Among American Indians and Alaska Natives--United States, 1995-1998
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Since the 1950s, morbidity and mortality attributable to infectious diseases among American Indians and Alaska Natives (AIs/ANs) have declined and chronic diseases, especially diabetes, and injury have remained important determinants of poor health (1). Knowledge of the prevalence of behavioral risk factors for chronic disease and injury can be used to form policies and programs to improve the health of AIs/ANs. Based on data obtained from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) from 1993 through 1996, CDC published regional estimates of the prevalence of 10 behavioral risk factors for AIs/ANs (2). This report updates data from the earlier report and focuses on three of the 10 risk factors for chronic disease and injury among AIs/ANs.
The "Athletic Heart"
Authors: William J. Raskoff
Journal: JAMA (1976)

To evaluate the prevalence and importance of "physiological" left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in athletes, 30 marathon runners were studied. Electrocardiographic evidence of LVH, present in 24 subjects, was associated with concomitant echocardiographic evidence of a thickened left ventricular (LV) posterior wall in five, with an enlarged end-diastolic LV diameter in three, as well as with roentgenographic evidence of cardiomegaly in three subjects. Echocardiographic evidence of superior LV function was noted in six. Maximal treadmill stress provoked no ischemic change. Cardiac hypertrophy and dilatation commonly develop in well-conditioned athletes, but the changes in LV size are slight. This "physiological" type of LVH does not lead to an ischemic response during exercise, in contrast to that which is seen in pathological forms of LVH. Physiological LVH may, however, contribute to superior ventricular function. (<i>JAMA</i>236:158-162, 1976)
OC-017 TRIM44: from prognosis to therapy in oesophageal adenocarcinoma and breast cancer
Authors: C A J Ong, N B Shannon, P Lao-Sirieix, C Ross-Innes, M O'Donovan, O M Rueda, C E Walker, A Noorani, R Hardwick, C Caldas, R C Fitzgerald
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The incidence of oesophageal adenocarcinoma (EA) has quadrupled in the last 30 years and outcomes remain poor. Unlike other epithelial cancers, targeted therapies for EA are at an early stage. Using gene expression profiling, we have previously identified TRIM44 as an independent prognostic gene in EA. <h3>Methods</h3> The aims of this project were to (1) Explore the mechanism of dysregulation of TRIM44 and association with prognosis. (2) Examine the oncogenic potential of TRIM44 in EA and other epithelial cancers (3) Identify therapeutic options exploiting TRIM44 dysregulation. <h3>Results</h3> Analysis of our EA expression microarray data (n=75), an independent matched aCGH and expression microarray of 997 breast cancers (BC) and an online database (Tumourscape n=1932, various epithelial tumours) revealed focal amplification of TRIM44 in 8% of EA, 6% of BC and 4% of epithelial tumours. Amplification in EA was validated using FISH on tissue microarrays (n=164). Expression of TRIM44 was copy number driven in both EA and BC and amplification conferred a poor prognosis in BC (p=0.037). Functional work demonstrated oncogenic addiction to TRIM44 in cell line models harbouring amplifications; siRNA knockdown in HSC39 (amplifications) and JIMT-1 (high expression) decreased proliferation of cells by twofold (p&lt;0.05) and increased subG0 fraction on FACS (2.5-fold, p&lt;0.05). In contrast, knockdown in OE19 (low expression) had no observed effect. Overexpression of TRIM44 in Hela cells using a Tet-inducible system increased proliferation (2.5-fold, p=0.0038) and invasiveness (twofold, p&lt;0.05). Analysis of the microarray data (EA and breast) identified a potential link between TRIM44 and the mTOR pathway, and suggested sirolimus (mTOR inhibitor) as a therapeutic option. Validation of these findings were performed by IHC of amplified EA samples and showed exact co-localisation of TRIM44 and p-mTOR staining. In addition, treatment of HSC39 and JIMT-1 with RAD001 (mTOR inhibitor) showed that they were highly sensitive (IC50 &lt;30 nm). <h3>Conclusion</h3> TRIM44 is amplified in &gt;5% of EA leading to increased proliferation and invasion in vitro. Our data suggest a mode of action of TRIM44 via the mTOR pathway. Evaluation of mTOR inhibitors in EA tumours is worthy of consideration and these are currently being evaluated in phase I/II oncology clinical trials in other epithelial cancers such as renal cell and lung cancer). Assessment of TRIM44 amplification status may allow selection of patients who are more likely to respond. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
Regional Tissue Oxygenated With H2O2
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Dosage Tables for Röntgen Therapy.
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Crocodile Tears
Authors: P. H. Golding-Wood
Journal: BMJ (1963)

of topical framycetin in the form of a spray.This investigation was based on the use of superficial nasal swabs, as these had been demonstrated to be as accurate as deep swabs in the detection of staphylococcal carriers.Certain advantages in the use of superficial nasal swabs in assessing the effectiveness of topical antibiotics are discussed.We would like to acknowledge our thanks to Roussel Laboratories for the supply of "soframycin" which was used in this investigation.