tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Alzheimer and vascular dementias and driving. A prospective road and laboratory study
Authors: L. J. Fitten
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To characterize on-the-road, behind-the-wheel driving abilities and related laboratory performances of subjects with mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia. <h3>Design.</h3> —Prospective, experimental study involving two mild dementia and three age and health control groups. Road test reliability and validity were assessed. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Greater western Los Angeles. Subjects were enrolled from the community by referral and from the Veterans Affairs dementia and diabetes clinics. <h3>Participants.</h3> —Eighty-seven driving subjects were enrolled; 83 completed the study. A sample of eligible dementia clinic subjects consisting of 15 mild AD patients met National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke— Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association probable AD criteria, while 12 met<i>Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Revised Third Edition</i>and Hachinski diagnostic criteria for multi-infarct dementia (vascular dementia). Clinic control subjects consisted of 15 age-matched patients with diabetes and without a history of stroke or dementia. Community controls consisted of 26 healthy, age-matched, older subjects (&gt;60 years) and 16 young subjects (20 to 35 years). <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Drive score from the Sepulveda (Calif) road test and laboratory measures of attention, perception, and memory. <h3>Results.</h3> —The drive scores in the mild AD group (mean, 22.1; SD, 3.8) and in the vascular dementia group (mean, 24.0; SD, 7.8) differed significantly (<i>P</i>&lt;.001 studentized range test) from the drive scores in the diabetic control group (mean, 31.5; SD, 3.9), the older control group (mean, 32.6; SD, 2.8), and the young control group (mean, 33.6; SD, 3.2). Drive score among the three control groups did not vary significantly. Short-term memory (Sternberg), visual tracking, and Folstein Mini-Mental State Examination scores correlated best with drive score, with a cumulative<i>R</i><sup>2</sup>of 0.68. Drive score and number of collisions and moving violations per 1000 miles driven were negatively correlated (<i>r</i>=-0.38;<i>P</i>&lt;.02). <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Based on this study, type and degree of cognitive impairment are better predictors of driving skills than age or medical diagnosis per se. Specific testing protocols for drivers with potential cognitive impairment may detect unsafe drivers more effectively than using age or medical diagnosis alone as criteria for license restriction or revocation. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;273:1360-1365)
Generic Prescription
Authors: Bernadine Z. Paulshock
Journal: JAMA (1969)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> I am chagrined that in the article (<b>209</b>:80, 1969) by Friend et al the best suggestion to the conscientious physician for resolution of the dilemma of achieving optimal quality-price ratio is for the physician to write both the nonproprietary name (generic) and also a manufacturer whom he knows to be a good one. This is a startling prescription to eat one's cake and have it too. In essence, Dr. Friend is recommending a continuation of nongeneric prescribing. The pharmacist is still obliged to fill the prescription with a specific brand. He still has the attendant overhead expense of stocking many brands rather than one good generic equivalent. And he is at risk of being unable to fill promptly, or not at all, a particular prescription if it is for a small company's "generic" despite shelves filled with other brands of the same drug. It seems to
Brain and Heart: Lectures on Physiology.
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Studies From the Department of Pathology of the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York City.
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
6 Weeks
Authors: Felicia M.T. Lewis
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2011)

Ad Libitum15 February 20116 WeeksFelicia M.T. Lewis, MDFelicia M.T. Lewis, MDFrom Philadelphia Department of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA 19146.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-154-4-201102150-00013 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Dear Lord,stop me if you've heard this onebut I beseech you, my body has betrayed me,ancient story, the Jewish boys even wrote it down,and I guess I can qualify as an old woman. With your help,we got swatches to tell the percent of gray in our hair,you invented percent too, of course,and of course you know my temples are at seventy-five. My skin is smoothand my eggs are rotten, but I'm not telling you anything new.power lines go down on ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Philadelphia Department of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA 19146.Current Author Address: Felicia M.T. Lewis, MD, Philadelphia Department of Public Health, 500 South Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19146; e-mail, felicia.[email protected]gov. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 February 2011Volume 154, Issue 4Page: 289KeywordsBloodDustFallsPrevention, policy, and public health ePublished: 15 February 2011 Issue Published: 15 February 2011 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2011 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Addition of bicalutamide 80 mg to LHRH-agonist monotherapy in patients with advanced prostate cancer: Impact on quality of life
Authors: S. Naito, M. Tachibana, T. Deguchi, M. Namiki, Y. Hirao, Y. Arai, H. Akaza, M. Usami, H. Kanetake, Y. Ohashi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

4703 Background: Bicalutamide ('Casodex') 80 mg (licensed dose in Japan) is being evaluated as part of combination therapy in patients (pts) with previously untreated advanced prostate cancer in an ongoing Japanese double-blind Phase III trial. Interim analysis after all pts had completed at least 6 months' follow-up (median follow-up 15 months) showed that first-line treatment with bicalutamide 80 mg in combination with a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonist significantly improved the prostate-specific antigen normalization rate at 12 weeks and reduced the risk of treatment failure and disease progression compared with LHRH-agonist monotherapy, without compromising tolerability (Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 2003; 22: 422 [abs 1695]). We now report quality-of-life (QoL) findings during the first 24 weeks of treatment. Methods: Pts with previously untreated advanced (stage C/D) prostate cancer were randomized to receive bicalutamide 80 mg od (n=102) or placebo (n=101), in addition to an LHRH agonist. QoL was assessed using the Japanese version of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT), a general questionnaire (FACT-G) assessing physical, social/family, emotional and functional wellbeing, plus a disease-specific subscale for prostate cancer symptoms (FACT-P); this was completed at baseline and at Weeks 1, 5 and 24. Results: The questionnaire collection rate at Week 24 was 93.1% in the bicalutamide 80 mg group and 89.1% with placebo. Total FACT scores showed no clear improvement in QoL in either treatment group at each time point. Mean FACT-P scores (specific to prostate cancer symptoms) increased by 4.64 and 3.10 from baseline to Week 24 in the bicalutamide 80 mg and placebo groups, respectively (difference 1.54;95%CI-1.03,4.11). Analyses of FACT-P scores using generalized estimating equations revealed a greater overall improvement with bicalutamide 80 mg compared with placebo (p=0.051). Conclusions: Compared with LHRH-agonist monotherapy, bicalutamide 80 mg in combination with an LHRH agonist improves symptom-related QoL in pts with previously untreated advanced prostate cancer. 'Casodex' is a trademark of the AstraZeneca group of companies. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Around 30 pharma companies including AstraZeneca Around 30 pharma companies including AstraZeneca AstraZeneca
Drugs for angina.
Journal: BMJ (1969)

still uncertain.It is a condition endemic in certain valleys in Eastern Siberia, where the summers are wet and warm and the winters very cold but free from snow.The disorder starts as episodes of painful swelling of many joints recurrently over the years, leading eventually to widespread diffuse premature osteoarthrosis.It mainly affects the young and affects normal growth, leading to osteochondrosis and necrosis of the epiphyses.Those moving into the area where the disease was endemic were affected as well as those born there, suggesting that the causes were environmental and not inherited.It was found that cereals grown in the area were heavily infected with fusaria, and when this fungus was given to rats many developed osteoarticular lesions.The incidence is said to have dropped since the introduction of imported cereals from outside the area, but the aetiology has not as yet been fully proved. ConclusionsTroubles in bones and joints embrace the whole of medicine and the entire world.There is no specialty and no country free from arthropathy.Each carries its own particular diag- nostic and therapeutic problems.When faced with local trouble in a joint-for example, the knee-it is well to remind oneself that the range of possible diagnoses is from prepatellar bursitis and guinea-worm arthropathy to rheumatoid arthritis and Charcot's joint.It is this that makes rheumatology such an interesting specialty.My thanks are due to Drs.Richard Taylor and Edward Huskis- son for their help in compiling and categorizing the list of arthro- pathies.
The implications of sleep disturbance epidemiology
Authors: C. F. Reynolds
Journal: JAMA (1989)

The article by Ford and Kamerow<sup>1</sup>in this issue ofThe Journalhas implications for clinicians, epidemiologists, and policymakers in the area of health care utilization and planning. Using a household probability sample,<sup>2</sup>a conservative definition of sleep complaints, structured psychiatric interviewing, systematic follow-up, and logistic regression modeling, this is probably one of the most scientifically rigorous epidemiologic investigations of sleep disturbance and psychopathology ever reported. A surprising result is the high prevalence of psychiatric disorders among respondents complaining of hypersomnia or excessive daytime sleepiness, variously 45.6% to 64%. Over the past quarter-century, most studies of excessive daytime sleepiness, which have been based on treatment-prevalence data (rather than on a household probability sample, as in the article by Ford and Kamerow), have noted the strong association of excessive daytime sleepiness with sleep apnea and narcolepsy-cataplexy but not with psychiatric disorders (see, for example, Coleman et al<sup>3</sup>). Thus,
Human papilloma virus type 16 periungual carcinoma
Authors: M. Gordon
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> The letter by Drs Gordon and Palusci expresses concern about finding HPV 16 in a nongenital site. They ask whether HPV 16 in condylomata acuminata could be transferred by nonsexual transmission. Human papillomavirus 16 is rarely associated with condylomata acuminata. We have analyzed more than 100 such lesions of the vulva and penis and have never found HPV 16; HPVs 6 and 11 are found in more than 90% of these lesions.<sup>1</sup>We do not believe that the detection of HPV 16 in finger carcinomas per se has any direct implications in the "reporting, diagnosis, or investigation" of child sexual abuse. Human papillomaviruses 6 and 11 are the most common types in genital condylomata in children.<sup>2,3</sup>Further, it is possible that the HPV 16 in these finger lesions (all in adults) was transmitted by sexual means. Our observation that HPV 16 is not associated with skin
THE PURPOSE OF "THE JOURNAL."
Journal: JAMA (1891)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Estrogen Receptors and Breast Cancer
Authors: R. I. Nicholson, K. Griffiths, R. W. Blamey, H. M. Bishop, J. L. Haybittle
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1981)

Estrogen receptors have been assayed in a series of primary breast cancers from postmenopausal women; 59% of which were estrogen-receptor positive. These patients survived for a significantly longer period of time than those whose tumors were estrogen-receptor negative. The effect of estrogen-receptor status was only seen (and then markedly accentuated) in patients who had lymph-node invasion at the time of mastectomy. Such determinations also appear to be of value in preselecting those patients who, on recurrence, will benefit from tamoxifen therapy.
Pseudodiphtheritic membranous pharyngitis caused by Corynebacterium hemolyticum
Authors: S. L. Green
Journal: JAMA (1981)

DIPHTHERIA is the most serious pharyngeal infection in terms of morbidity and mortality, both to the patient and the community. Although fewer than 60 to 70 cases are recorded annually,<sup>1</sup>the possibility of this illness must always be considered in patients with membranous tonsillitis and pharyngitis. We report a case of membranous pharyngitis caused by<i>Corynebacterium hemolyticum</i>that strongly mimicked diphtheria. Review of the literature suggests that this organism, though infrequently recognized, may in fact be responsible for many severe and prolonged throat infections. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 16-year-old girl was admitted to Hampton General Hospital, Hampton, Va, on May 22,1980, with a three-week history of high fever and sore throat. Although she had experienced a documented case of mononucleosis (heterophil antibody test reaction for mononucleosis was positive) the previous year, the admitting diagnosis was again mononucleosis, since a test for heterophil antibody performed at her physician's office
Paper Patients
Authors: Dean G. Kardassakis
Journal: JAMA (1990)

I recently went through one of the worst experiences of my life: I took the Boards in internal medicine. It's a little like playing the medical version of "Jeopardy," only you can't change the channel, it lasts for two long September days, and instead of winning money, you have to pay the AB IM $500 for the privilege of being hazed. I arrived at the appointed location: an old army theater with laptop boards to serve as desks and a complement of officers to proctor the exam. Their rank gave authority to the standard instructions about when we could break the test seals and when we could begin. There were about 200 of us assembled—all began the day as lean, mean, test-taking machines. The exam is made up of common presentations of uncommon diseases and of uncommon presentations of common ones. The cases were often patients initially mismanaged by their
Medical News
Journal: JAMA (1941)

<h3>ARIZONA</h3><h3>State Medical Meeting in Phoenix.—</h3> The fiftieth annual meeting of the Arizona State Medical Association will be held at the Hotel Westward Ho, Phoenix, April 16-19, under the presidency of Dr. Delamere F. Harbridge, Phoenix. The Maricopa County Medical Society will be host. Guest speakers will include: Dr. Fred H. Albee, New York, The Biophysiological Considerations in the Treatment of Ununited Fractures. Dr. Harlan Shoemaker, Los Angeles, Sarcoma of the Pancreas. Dr. Henry F. Helmholz, Rochester, Minn., Blood Dyscrasias in Childhood. Dr. Clarence L. Robbins, New Haven, Conn., Edema, Its Differentiation and Treatment. Dr. Chevalier L. Jackson, Philadelphia, The Role of Bronchoscopy in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Bronchopulmonary Disease. Dr. John S. Lundy, Rochester, Minn., Supportive Measures Including Transfusion of Blood and Plasma, Parenteral Solutions and Stimulants. Dr. Morris Fishbein, Editor ofThe Journal, Chicago, American Medicine Prepares. Nathan Sinai, Dr.P.H., New York, Public Health. Herbert L. Stahnke,
Screening for breast cancer. Report from Edinburgh Breast Screening Clinic.
Authors: E Samuel, A Forrest, T Anderson, Mary Fulton, Nancy Loudon
Journal: BMJ (1978)

As part of a trial to determine the feasibility of screening for breast cancer, 3952 women aged 40--59 years were screened once or more over two years. They represented 82% of those invited by a personal letter from their GPs. Each woman underwent mammography, two clinical examinations, and, usually, thermography. Further investigations included needle aspiration of cysts, xeromammography, and biopsy. Of the 125 women who underwent biopsy, 18 proved to have cancer. Because of the high response rate and consequent large sample of normal women the biopsy and cancer detection rates were low. Clinical examination and mammography together were more effective in detecting significant lesions than either procedure alone, and knowledge of the mammographic findings enabled the examiner to detect more abnormalities. Screening was expensive: each cancer detected cost about 6000 pounds, excluding data processing, surgical, and pathological costs. The clinic has now adopted a more simplified screening regimen, which should reduce costs, but more accurate imaging techniques and ways of identifying high-risk cases are needed.
Estimates of the number of motherless youth orphaned by AIDS in the United States
Authors: D. Michaels
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To estimate the number of youth in the United States who have been or will be left motherless by the human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) epidemic, in order to project the need for family supports, age-appropriate foster and congregate care, and mental health and social services. <h3>Design.</h3> —Orphans are defined as youth whose mothers (the usual caregiving parent) die of HIV/AIDS-related causes. A mathematical model was constructed to estimate the number of such motherless youth. Cumulative fertility rates were applied to the number of reported AIDS deaths (1981 through 1990) and projected deaths (1991 through 1995) of adult women less than 50 years old. The results were adjusted for underreporting of HIV/AIDS-related mortality, pediatric AIDS deaths, infant mortality, ethnic and racial variation in fertility, and decreased fertility associated with late-stage HIV disease. Estimates were made for the number who were children (less than 13 years of age), adolescents (13 to 17 years of age), or young adults (18 years of age or older) at the time of their mothers' death. <h3>Results.</h3> —By the end of 1995, maternal deaths caused by the HIV/AIDS epidemic will have orphaned an estimated 24 600 children and 21 000 adolescents in the United States; unless the course of the epidemic changes dramatically, by the year 2000, the overall number of motherless children and adolescents will exceed 80000. In 1991, an estimated 13% of US children and 9% of adolescents whose mothers died of all causes were children of women who died of HIV/AIDS-related diseases. These proportions will surpass 17% and 12%, respectively, by 1995. The vast majority of these motherless youth will come from poor communities of color. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —A large and rapidly growing number of American youth are being orphaned by the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Unless increased attention and resources are devoted to this vulnerable population, a social catastrophe is unavoidable. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;268:3456-3461)