tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Interactions in CSF1-Driven Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumors
Authors: David G.P. van IJzendoorn, Magdalena Matusiak, Gregory W. Charville, Geert Spierenburg, Sushama Varma, Deana R.C. Colburg, Michiel A.J. van de Sande, Kirsten van Langevelde, David G. Mohler, Kristen N. Ganjoo, Nam Q. Bui, Raffi S. Avedian, Judith V.M.G. Bovée, Robert Steffner, Robert B. West, Matt van de Rijn
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2022)

Abstract Purpose: A major component of cells in tenosynovial giant cell tumor (TGCT) consists of bystander macrophages responding to CSF1 that is overproduced by a small number of neoplastic cells with a chromosomal translocation involving the CSF1 gene. An autocrine loop was postulated where the neoplastic cells would be stimulated through CSF1R expressed on their surface. Here, we use single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to investigate cellular interactions in TGCT. Experimental Design: A total of 18,788 single cells from three TGCT and two giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) samples underwent scRNA-seq. The three TGCTs were additionally analyzed using long-read RNA sequencing. Immunofluorescence and IHC for a range of markers were used to validate and extend the scRNA-seq findings. Results: Two recurrent neoplastic cell populations were identified in TGCT that are highly similar to nonneoplastic synoviocytes. We identified GFPT2 as a marker that highlights the neoplastic cells in TCGT. We show that the neoplastic cells themselves do not express CSF1R. We identified overlapping MAB features between the giant cells in TGCT and GCTB. Conclusions: The neoplastic cells in TGCT are highly similar to nonneoplastic synoviocytes. The lack of CSF1R on the neoplastic cells indicates they may be unaffected by current therapies. High expression of GFPT2 in the neoplastic cells is associated with activation of the YAP1/TAZ pathway. In addition, we identified expression of the platelet-derived growth factor receptor in the neoplastic cells. These findings suggest two additional pathways to target in this tumor.
Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology—Nutritional Epidemiology (STROBE-nut): An Extension of the STROBE Statement
Authors: Carl Lachat, Dana Hawwash, Marga C. Ocké, Christina Berg, Elisabet Forsum, Agneta Hörnell, Christel Larsson, Emily Sonestedt, Elisabet Wirfält, Agneta Åkesson, Patrick Kolsteren, Graham Byrnes, Willem De Keyzer, John Van Camp, Janet E. Cade, Nadia Slimani, Myriam Cevallos, Matthias Egger, Inge Huybrechts
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2016)

Background Concerns have been raised about the quality of reporting in nutritional epidemiology. Research reporting guidelines such as the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement can improve quality of reporting in observational studies. Herein, we propose recommendations for reporting nutritional epidemiology and dietary assessment research by extending the STROBE statement into Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology—Nutritional Epidemiology (STROBE-nut). Methods and Findings Recommendations for the reporting of nutritional epidemiology and dietary assessment research were developed following a systematic and consultative process, coordinated by a multidisciplinary group of 21 experts. Consensus on reporting guidelines was reached through a three-round Delphi consultation process with 53 external experts. In total, 24 recommendations for nutritional epidemiology were added to the STROBE checklist. Conclusion When used appropriately, reporting guidelines for nutritional epidemiology can contribute to improve reporting of observational studies with a focus on diet and health.
Ras Inhibition in Glioblastoma Down-regulates Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α, Causing Glycolysis Shutdown and Cell Death
Authors: Roy Blum, Jasmine Jacob-Hirsch, Ninette Amariglio, Gideon Rechavi, Yoel Kloog
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Active Ras and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase–dependent pathways contribute to the malignant phenotype of glioblastoma multiformes (GBM). Here we show that the Ras inhibitor trans-farnesylthiosalicylic acid (FTS) exhibits profound antioncogenic effects in U87 GBM cells. FTS inhibited active Ras and attenuated Ras signaling to extracellular signal-regulated kinase, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase, and Akt. Concomitantly, hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) disappeared, expression of key glycolysis pathway enzymes and of other HIF-1α–regulated genes (including vascular endothelial growth factor and the Glut-1 glucose transporter) was down-regulated, and glycolysis was halted. This led to a dramatic reduction in ATP, resulting in a severe energy crisis. In addition, the expression of E2F-regulated genes was down-regulated in the FTS-treated cells. Consequently, U87 cell growth was arrested and the cells died. These results show that FTS is a potent down-regulator of HIF-1α and might therefore block invasiveness, survival, and angiogenesis in GBM.
Physiology of Motion Demonstrated by Means of Electrical Stimulation and Clinical Observation and Applied to the Study of Paralysis and Deformities
Journal: JAMA (1949)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Preexposure Immunization With Intradermal Human Diploid Cell Rabies Vaccine
Authors: Kenneth W. Bernard
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Intradermal human diploid cell rabies vaccine (ID HDCV) was licensed for preexposure use in the United States on May 30,1986. We studied the safety and efficacy of this newly approved route and dose of administration. Serologic results were available from 112 (90%) of the 124 persons who participated in an HDCV low-dose preexposure study in which five different ID, intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous primary immunization regimens were administered. Three 1.0-mL IM doses of vaccine resulted in titers similar to those from three 0.1-mL ID doses when compared 49 days, one year, and two years after primary immunization. Uniformly high postbooster titers occurred in all five groups when ID boosters were administered at one year or two years. Adverse reactions were similar following both ID and IM vaccination. Although ID HDCV can be a cost-effective substitute for IM vaccine, excessive use of unnecessary preexposure booster doses by any route may be inadvisable because of systemic allergic reactions. In addition, poor immune responses to HDCV have been documented in persons vaccinated in some developing countries. This may limit the use of low-dose regimens in some places. (<i>JAMA</i>1987;257:1059-1063)
Molecular pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Marlene Rabinovitch
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2012)

Recent clinical and experimental studies are redefining the cellular and molecular bases of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The genetic abnormalities first identified in association with the idiopathic form of PAH — together with a vast increase in our understanding of cell signaling, cell transformation, and cell-cell interactions; gene expression; microRNA processing; and mitochondrial and ion channel function — have helped explain the abnormal response of vascular cells to injury. Experimental and clinical studies now converge on the intersection and interactions between a genetic predisposition involving the BMPR2 signaling pathway and an impaired metabolic and chronic inflammatory state in the vessel wall. These deranged processes culminate in an exuberant proliferative response that occludes the pulmonary arterial (PA) lumen and obliterates the most distal intraacinar vessels. Here, we describe emerging therapies based on preclinical studies that address these converging pathways.
Designing the next-generation clinical care pathway for Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Harald Hampel, Rhoda Au, Soeren Mattke, Wiesje M. van der Flier, Paul Aisen, Liana Apostolova, Christopher Chen, Min Cho, Susan De Santi, Peng Gao, Atsushi Iwata, Ricky Kurzman, Andrew J. Saykin, Stefan Teipel, Bruno Vellas, Andrea Vergallo, Huali Wang, Jeffrey Cummings
Journal: Nature Aging (2022)
Understanding Patients' Decisions
Authors: Donald A. Redelmeier
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To describe ways in which intuitive thought processes and feelings may lead patients to make suboptimal medical decisions. <h3>Design.</h3> —Review of past studies from the psychology literature. <h3>Results.</h3> —Intuitive decision making is often appropriate and results in reasonable choices; in some situations, however, intuitions lead patients to make choices that are not in their best interests. People sometimes treat safety and danger categorically, undervalue the importance of a partial risk reduction, are influenced by the way in which a problem is framed, and inappropriately evaluate an action by its subsequent outcome. These strategies help explain examples where risk perceptions conflict with standard scientific analyses. In the domain of emotions, people tend to consider losses as more significant than the corresponding gains, are imperfect at predicting future preferences, distort their memories of past personal experiences, have difficulty resolving inconsistencies between emotions and rationality, and worry with an intensity disproportionate to the actual danger. In general, such intangible aspects of clinical care have received little attention in the medical literature. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —We suggest that an awareness of how people reason is an important clinical skill that can be promoted by knowledge of selected past studies in psychology. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1993;270:72-76)
Accuracy of Tablet Splitting by Elderly Patients
Authors: Brian T. Peek
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Incidence of parenchymal liver diseases in Denmark, 1981 to 1985: Analysis of hospitalization registry data
Authors: Thomas P. Almdal, Thorkild I. A. Sørensen
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

The sex-specific and age-specific incidence rates of the major parenchymal liver diseases in a North European population were estimated using a computerized registry of all admissions to somatic hospitals in Denmark. The incidence was calculated by counting all incident cases of these diseases reported to the registry in the 5-yr period 1981 to 1985 and dividing the number of cases by the number of person-years at risk in this period. The incidence rates (per million person-years) were for men and women, respectively: infectious hepatitis, 109 and 71; toxic hepatitis, 19 and 22; chronic hepatitis, 27 and 29; alcoholic cirrhosis, 190 and 85; nonalcoholic nonbiliary cirrhosis, 110 and 82; primary biliary cirrhosis, 4 and 14. The pattern of the age-specific incidence rates was similar in men and women in infectious hepatitis, alcoholic cirrhosis, nonalcoholic nonbiliary cirrhosis and primary biliary cirrhosis. Toxic and chronic hepatitis had a higher incidence in women than in men only in older age groups. The incidence of idiopathic hemochromatosis, Wilson's disease, secondary biliary cirrhosis, portal vein thrombosis and Budd-Chiari's syndrome were less than four in both sexes. (Hepatology 1991;13:650-655.)
Biodegradable calcium sulfide-based nanomodulators for H2S-boosted Ca2+-involved synergistic cascade cancer therapy
Authors: Chuchu Lin, Chenyi Huang, Zhaoqing Shi, Meitong Ou, Shengjie Sun, Mian Yu, Ting Chen, Yunfei Yi, Xiaoyuan Ji, Feng Lv, Meiying Wu, Lin Mei
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2022)

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is the most recently discovered gasotransmitter molecule that activates multiple intracellular signaling pathways and exerts concentration-dependent antitumor effect by interfering with mitochondrial respiration and inhibiting cellular ATP generation. Inspired by the fact that H2S can also serve as a promoter for intracellular Ca2+ influx, tumor-specific nanomodulators ([email protected]) have been constructed by encapsulating calcium sulfide (CaS) and indocyanine green (ICG) into methoxy poly (ethylene glycol)-b-poly (lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA-PEG). [email protected] can achieve tumor-specific biodegradability with high biocompatibility and pH-responsive H2S release. The released H2S can effectively suppress the catalase (CAT) activity and synergize with released Ca2+ to facilitate abnormal Ca2+ retention in cells, thus leading to mitochondria destruction and amplification of oxidative stress. Mitochondrial dysfunction further contributes to blocking ATP synthesis and downregulating heat shock proteins (HSPs) expression, which is beneficial to overcome the heat endurance of tumor cells and strengthen ICG-induced photothermal performance. Such a H2S-boosted Ca2+-involved tumor-specific therapy exhibits highly effective tumor inhibition effect with almost complete elimination within 14-day treatment, indicating the great prospect of CaS-based nanomodulators as antitumor therapeutics.
Exchange Transfusion in Life-Threatening Sickling Crises
Authors: J E W Van de Pette, T C Pearson, N G P Slater
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1982)

Five patients are reported with sickle cell syndromes (HbSS, HbSC and HbSthal) in whom rapid exchange transfusion led to resolution of life-threatening infarctive crises. The technique appears to be of value in the management of severe complications of sickle cell syndromes.
NICE guidance on nivolumab plus ipilimumab for untreated, unresectable malignant pleural mesothelioma
Authors: Amanda I Adler, Samuel Slayen, Heather Stegenga, Yelan Guo, Richard Diaz, Nicky J Welton, Nigel Westwood, Iolo Doull, Charles Crawley
Journal: The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (2022)
Minimal water exchange by the air–water valve versus left colon water exchange in unsedated colonoscopy: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Cenqin Liu, Shuhao Zheng, Hui Gao, Xin Yuan, Zhixin Zhang, Jiarong Xie, Chaohui Yu, Lei Xu
Journal: Endoscopy (2022)

Background Water exchange colonoscopy is the least painful method for unsedated colonoscopies. Simplified left colon water exchange (LWE) reduces the cecal intubation time but it is difficult to avoid the use of an additional pump. Minimal water exchange (MWE) is an improved novel method that eliminates the need for pumps, but it is not clear whether MWE has the same efficiency as LWE. Methods This was a prospective, randomized, controlled, noninferiority trial conducted in a tertiary hospital. Enrolled patients were randomized 1:1 to the LWE group or MWE group. The primary outcome was recalled insertion pain measured by a 4-point verbal rating scale. Secondary outcomes included adenoma detection rate (ADR), cecal intubation time, volume of water used, and patient willingness to repeat unsedated colonoscopy. Results 226 patients were included (LWE n = 113, MWE n = 113). The MWE method showed noninferior moderate/severe pain rates compared with the LWE method (10.6 % vs. 9.7 %), with a difference of 0.9 percentage points (99 % confidence interval [CI] –9.5 to 11.3; threshold, 15 %). ADR, cecal intubation time, and willingness to repeat unsedated colonoscopy were not significantly different between the two groups, but the mean volume of water used was significantly less with MWE than with LWE (163.7 mL vs. 407.2 mL; 99 %CI –298.28 to –188.69). Conclusion Compared with LWE, MWE demonstrated a noninferior outcome for insertion pain, and comparable cecal intubation time and ADR, but reduced the volume of water used and eliminated the need for a water pump.
Off-the-shelf cryopreserved platelets for the detection of HIT and VITT antibodies
Authors: Adam J. Kanack, Curtis G. Jones, Bandana Singh, Rachel R. Leger, Noah P. Splinter, Nahla M. Heikal, Rajiv K. Pruthi, Dong Chen, Gemlyn George, Mouhamed Y. Abou-Ismail, Geoffrey D. Wool, Krishna Gundabolu, Anand Padmanabhan
Journal: Blood (2022)
Chloroquine retinopathy
Authors: A Ly Nguyen, Annelie N Tan, A P M Lavrijsen
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Oral presentations
Authors: M Salvado, L Lozano, E Calbo, N Freixes, M Riera, M Xercavins, M Rodriguez-Carballeira, J Garau, C Garcia-Vidal, V Díaz, J Dorca, F Manresa, F Gudiol, J Carratalà, A Bruns, J Oosterheert, E Hak, M Ferrer, A Liapikou, E Polverino, V Balasso, M Esperatti, R Piñer, J Mensa, M Marcos, A Torres, D Sousa, I Justo, A Manzur, C Izquierdo, L Ruiz, M Nebot, J Bayas, J Celorrio, W Varona, A Dominguez, P Llinares, J Carratala, M Salvadó, Garcia Vidal, H Monzón, E Cuchi, J Heredia, P Almagro
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2008)
Immunologic Cytotoxicity Against Autologous Human Lymphocytes Transformed or Infected by Epstein-Bar Virus: Role of Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity In Healthy Individuals&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn4"&gt;4&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Takao Aya, Fumio Mizuno, Toyoro Ossto
 7
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1980)

Immunologic cytotoxicity against lymphocytes transformed or infected by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was mainly studied in an autologous in vitro system by 51Cr release assay and EBV-determined nuclear antigen (EBNA)-specific trypan blue exclusion method. When the cells of newly established EBV-transformed or spontaneously transformed lines were incubated with unfractionated autologous healthy donor lymphocytes or T-cell-depleted lymphocytes in the presence of EBV-positive autologous or allogeneic serum, the transformed cells were killed with high frequency. Exposure to lymphocytes alone or to EBV-positive serum alone was not effective. The cytotoxic reaction was directed against cells positive for EBV-induced membrane antigens (MA) but not against MA-negative transformed cells. A very small fraction (1 of 200) of healthy donor lymphocytes exposed to EBV converted into EBNA-positive and MA-positive cells, and these were also killed by the remaining autologous lymphocytes in the presence of EBV-positive serum. These results indicated that the present cytotoxic reaction represents antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), and this particular mechanism probably plays an important role in the immunologic surveillance in the protection against EBV-induced oncogenesis in seropositive individuals. Such ADCC, however, does not seem to function effectively in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.
Impact of doubling peptide length on in vivo hydrogel stability and sustained drug release
Authors: Julie Heremans, Lucie Chevillard, Morgane Mannes, Jessica Mangialetto, Kaat Leroy, Jacinta F. White, Arthur Lamouroux, Mathieu Vinken, James Gardiner, Bruno Van Mele, Niko Van den Brande, Richard Hoogenboom, Annemieke Madder, Vicky Caveliers, Bruno Mégarbane, Sophie Hernot, Steven Ballet, Charlotte Martin
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2022)
Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic target of NETosis in diseases
Authors: Jiayu Huang, Weiqi Hong, Meihua Wan, Limin Zheng
Journal: MedComm (2022)

Abstract Evidence shows that neutrophils can protect the host against pathogens in multiple ways, including the formation and release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs are web‐like structures composed of fibers, DNA, histones, and various neutrophil granule proteins. NETs can capture and kill pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa. The process of NET formation is called NETosis. According to whether they depend on nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), NETosis can be divided into two categories: “suicidal” NETosis and “vital” NETosis. However, NET components, including neutrophil elastase, myeloperoxidase, and cell‐free DNA, cause a proinflammatory response and potentially severe diseases. Compelling evidence indicates a link between NETs and the pathogenesis of a number of diseases, including sepsis, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, small‐vessel vasculitis, inflammatory bowel disease, cancer, COVID‐19, and others. Therefore, targeting the process and products of NETosis is critical for treating diseases linked with NETosis. Researchers have discovered that several NET inhibitors, such as toll‐like receptor inhibitors and reactive oxygen species scavengers, can prevent uncontrolled NET development. This review summarizes the mechanism of NETosis, the receptors associated with NETosis, the pathology of NETosis‐induced diseases, and NETosis‐targeted therapy.
A heart of iron: juvenile haemochromatosis presents with cardiac failure
Authors: Iside Cartella, Giovanni A Tavecchia, Giuseppina Quattrocchi, Cristina Giannattasio, Elisabetta Volpato, Matteo Palazzini, Andrea Garascia, Manlio Cipriani, Maria Frigerio, Enrico Ammirati, Patrizia Pedrotti
Journal: The Lancet (2022)