tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
OC-067 The balance between t helper 17 and FOXP3+ T regulatory cells in patients with chronic hepatitis C: relation to disease activity and hepatic fibrosis
Authors: H A El Aggan, N Farahat, L Younis, A ElYamany, D Mostafa
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> T helper (Th)17 cells, a newly identified subset of Th cells, are major mediators of inflammation-associated disease and have a reciprocal developmental relationship with the immunosuppressive T regulatory (Treg) cells, which actively restrain the inflammatory response. The present work was designed to study the balance between Th17 cells and Treg cells in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) in relation to disease activity and severity of hepatic fibrosis. <h3>Methods</h3> Twenty patients with treatment-naive CHC and 20 healthy subjects were included in the study. The Th cells, Th17 cells and Treg cell subsets in fresh whole blood samples were identified as CD3<sup>+</sup>CD4<sup>+</sup>, CD4<sup>+</sup>IL17A<sup>+</sup> and CD4<sup>+</sup>CD25<sup>+</sup>FoxP3<sup>+</sup> cells respectively using flow cytometry and expressed as percentages of total lymphocytic count. Serum IL17 levels were measured using solid phase sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbant assay kit. Liver biopsies from patients with CHC were examined to assess histological activity grade and fibrosis stage according to METAVIR scoring system. Liver-infiltrating CD4<sup>+</sup> (Th cells), IL17A<sup>+</sup> cells (Th17 cells) and FoxP3<sup>+</sup> cells (Treg cells) were detected by immunohistochemical staining and their proportions were determined as ratios of infiltrating CD4<sup>+</sup> Th cells. <h3>Results</h3> Patients with CHC showed significant increases in the percentage of Th17 cells, Th17 cells/FoxP3<sup>+</sup>Treg cells ratio in peripheral blood and serum IL17 levels and a significant decrease in the percentage of circulating FoxP3<sup>+</sup>Treg cells compared with healthy subjects (p&lt;0.01). The percentages of peripheral blood CD4<sup>+</sup> Th cells were not statistically different between the two groups (p=0.284). The proportions of liver-infiltrating IL17A<sup>+</sup> cells and FoxP3<sup>+</sup> cells of the total intrahepatic CD4<sup>+</sup> cell population were inversely correlated and showed positive correlations with the percentages of circulating Th17 cells and FoxP3<sup>+</sup> Treg cells respectively in patients with CHC (p&lt;0.05). The METAVIR necroinflammation grade and fibrosis stage [but not serum HCV RNA levels] were directly correlated with the proportion of intrahepatic IL17A<sup>+</sup> cells and IL17A<sup>+</sup> cells/FoxP3<sup>+</sup> cells ratio and serum IL17 levels and were inversely correlated with the proportion of liver-infiltrating FoxP3<sup>+</sup> cells (p&lt;0.05). <h3>Conclusion</h3> In patients with CHC, the CD4<sup>+</sup> Th cell phenotype is skewed towards the IL17 producing-Th phenotype. The imbalance between Th17 and Foxp3<sup>+</sup> Treg cells plays an important role in disease progression and hepatic fibrosis in CHC. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
Relationships between plasma atrial natriuretic peptide concentrations and hemodynamics and hematocrit in patients with cirrhosis
Authors: R Moreau
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

We studied the relationships in 29 patients with cirrhosis between pulmonary arterial atrial natriuretic peptide concentrations and the following: systemic and splanchnic hemodynamics, the hematocrit, arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation, oxygen tension and the severity of cirrhosis. Plasma atrial natriuretic peptide concentrations ranged from 21 to 208 pg/ml and averaged 78 +/- 8 pg/ml (mean +/- S.E.M.). Simple regression analysis showed significant correlations between plasma atrial natriuretic peptide concentration and the following: hematocrit, mean pulmonary arterial pressure, wedged hepatic venous pressure, free hepatic venous pressure, pulmonary wedged pressure and serum bilirubin concentrations. No significant correlations were found between plasma atrial natriuretic peptide concentrations and all other hemodynamic values, arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation and oxygen tension. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the hematocrit, mean pulmonary arterial pressure and wedged hepatic venous pressure were significant and independent predictors of pulmonary artery plasma atrial natriuretic peptide concentrations (R2 = 0.69). Partial regression coefficients were -0.74 (p less than 0.001), 0.61 (p less than 0.001) and 0.44 (p less than 0.05) for the hematocrit, the mean pulmonary arterial pressure and the wedged hepatic venous pressure, respectively. In conclusion, in patients with cirrhosis, increased plasma atrial natriuretic peptide concentrations were related to the degree of hemodilution, increased pulmonary arterial pressure and the degree of portal hypertension. Plasma atrial natriuretic peptide concentrations were not influenced by the arterial oxygenation levels.
THERAPEUTIC GRAND ROUNDS
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 1886: Zygote arrest 1 like (ZAR2): An EMT (epithelial-mesenchymal transition) modulator in breast cancer
Authors: Smita Misra, Tanushree Singha, Gautam Chaudhuri
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and distant site metastasis is the main cause of death in breast cancer patients. EMT is a natural phenomenon in development and wound healing. EMT is also one of the “Hallmarks of cancer”. EMT is involved in tumor cell progression, invasion, and metastasis. During the process of EMT, epithelial cancer cells acquire molecular alternations that facilitate the loss of epithelial features and gain of mesenchymal phenotype. Such transformation promotes cancer cell migration and invasion. Decrease in E-cadherin expression and gain of N-cadherin and vimentin expression is indicative of EMT phenotype. Working with our recently characterized C4 zinc finger containing RNA binding protein ZAR2 we observed that levels of ZAR2 are significantly lower in the invasive breast cancer cells compared to non-invasive cells. Knockdown of ZAR2 in the non-invasive breast cancer cells increased the in-vitro invasiveness of these cells whereas forced expression of ZAR2 in the invasive breast cancer cells reduced their invasiveness. To understand the possible mechanism of ZAR2-mediated regulation of invasiveness of the breast cancer cells we studied differential gene expression in the ZAR2 knocked down non-invasive breast cancer cells by RNA-seq analysis. One of the genes that are significantly elevated in the ZAR2 knocked down cells is the invasion determining enzyme ATP6V0A4 along with ERBIN and ABCA12. Here we present our observation regarding ZAR2 regulation of ATP6V0A4 and its effect on metastasis and invasion potential of the breast cancer cells. Supported in part by NIH grant 1U54RR026140, Meharry Bridge and 2U54MD007586-32Revised from Meharry RCMI Program in Women’s Health funds to SM and DOD grants BC990678 and BC050641 to GC. Citation Format: Smita Misra, Tanushree Singha, Gautam Chaudhuri. Zygote arrest 1 like (ZAR2): An EMT (epithelial-mesenchymal transition) modulator in breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1886.
CAROTID SINUS SYNCOPE
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Escape
Authors: M Rajagopalan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

On Being a Doctor1 July 1998The EscapeMani Rajagopalan, MD, DPM, DNBMani Rajagopalan, MD, DPM, DNBBallarat Health Services; Ballarat, Australia.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-129-1-199807010-00015 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail It was going to be another routine assessment. The workload of psychiatrists had increased steadily ever since euthanasia was legalized several months ago. What started off as an occasional referral from a palliative care setting had gradually turned into a steady stream of requests from other departments as well.The Euthanasia Specific Competency Assessment and Psychiatric Examination (ESCAPE) consisted of a structured questionnaire and mental state examination. Like most medical forms, it was several pages long and had to be completed in triplicate. I had been called to see a 31-year-old woman with secondary carcinoma in the brain from breast ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Mani Rajagopalan, MD, DPM, DNBAffiliations: Ballarat Health Services; Ballarat, Australia.Corresponding Author: Mani Rajagopalan, MD, DPM, DNB, Ballarat Health Services, Box 577, Ballarat, Victoria 3350, Australia. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1998Volume 129, Issue 1Page: 67-68KeywordsEuthanasiaHearingLegislationMedical servicesMemoryMultiple sclerosisPalliative careQuestionnairesRiversSuicide ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 July 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Achieving the millennium development goals for health: Cost effectiveness analysis of strategies to combat malaria in developing countries
Journal: BMJ (2006)

likely to be promoted may in part reflect this.Investigating this point would require complete data on employment history since graduation.The data will also include doctors in the training grades who may not want to become a consultant, and the results may be partly reflecting the preferences of this group, who are more likely to be female and work part time.However, this group is likely to be small. ConclusionsThe achievement of current government targets for the numbers of consultants are influenced by the promotion process and the quality control exercised by the royal colleges.As the proportion of female doctors increases, it will be difficult to meet government targets unless the promotion process is re-examined.This should focus on the weight given to individuals' skills and ability and the flexibility of contracts and working conditions.Safeguards will need to be in place to ensure that factors less likely to be related to ability or performance (such as sex, place of graduation, or part time working) will not influence promotion chances.Since 2000, when the data used in this paper finish, several changes have been intro-duced that have altered the career structures of hospital doctors.These include the Calman reforms, Modernising Medical Careers, further proposals for reform of the staff or associate specialist grades, and new contracts for junior doctors and consultants.It is unclear what impact these changes will have on the issues discussed in this paper.
Gastroenterological Society of Australia
Journal: Gut (1964)

Infant mice infected with reovirus type III by the oral, intraperitoneal or intracerebral routes regularly develop a progressive disease characterized in the acute phase by retardation of growth, jaundice, steatorrhoea, oily hair effect, ataxia, and other signs.Many mice die in this acute stage, but a proportion survive into a chronic illness.At necropsy lesions are present in the liver, pancreas, heart, and central nervous system in all animals with variable changes in other organs.
Lipotoxic Diseases
Authors: Roger H. Unger
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (2002)

▪ Abstract I review evidence that leptin is a liporegulatory hormone that controls lipid homeostasis in nonadipose tissues during periods of overnutrition. When adipocytes store excess calories as triacylglycerol (TG), leptin secretion rises so as to prevent accumulation of lipids in nonadipose tissues, which are not adapted for TG storage. Whenever leptin action is lacking, whether through leptin deficiency or leptin resistance, overnutrition causes disease of nonadipose tissues with generalized steatosis, lipotoxicity, and lipoapoptosis. Examples of such disorders of liporegulation include generalized lipodystrophies, mutations of leptin and leptin receptor genes, and diet-induced obesity. Lipotoxicity of pancreatic β-cells, myocardium, and skeletal muscle leads, respectively, to type 2 diabetes, cardiomyopathy, and insulin resistance. In humans this constellation of abnormalities is referred to as the metabolic syndrome, a major health problem in the United States. When lipids overaccumulate in nonadipose tissues during overnutrition, fatty acids enter deleterious pathways such as ceramide production, which, through increased nitric oxide formation, causes apoptosis of lipid-laden cells, such as β-cells and cardiomyocytes. Lipoapoptosis can be prevented by caloric restriction, by thiazolidinedione treatment, and by administration of nitric oxide blockers. There is now substantial evidence that complications of human obesity may reflect lipotoxicity similar to that described in rodents.
Fertile Field for Physician Liability?
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
In defense of the Drug Research Board
Authors: D. L. Azarnoff
Journal: JAMA (1975)

ANTISUBSTITUTION laws were adopted by most states after World War II to prevent the dispensing of counterfeit drugs to patients. These laws have served their purpose well. Recently, however, there have been attempts to repeal or at least to modify these laws to allow the pharmacist's selection of the drug product to be dispensed. Several states have already modified their laws to allow such substitution. The rationale for these modifications is that the pharmacist is the member of the health care team most knowledgeable about biopharmaceutics and, therefore, the best equipped to make this type of decision. The pharmacist, as demonstrated in a recent study,<sup>1</sup>is capable of utilizing bioavailability data in a manner similar to experts. The problem, however, is more complex. On Oct 25, 1974, the Drug Research Board of the National Research Council passed a resolution, which was subsequently approved by the Assembly of Life Sciences
Hyper-IgM syndrome type 4 with a B lymphocyte–intrinsic selective deficiency in Ig class-switch recombination
Authors: Kohsuke Imai, Nadia Catalan, Alessandro Plebani, László Maródi, Özden Sanal, Satoru Kumaki, Vasantha Nagendran, Philip Wood, Catherine Glastre, Françoise Sarrot-Reynauld, Olivier Hermine, Monique Forveille, Patrick Revy, Alain Fischer, Anne Durandy
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

Hyper-IgM syndrome (HIGM) is a heterogeneous condition characterized by impaired Ig class-switch recombination (CSR). The molecular defects that have so far been associated with this syndrome — which affect the CD40 ligand in HIGM type 1 (HIGM1), CD40 in HIGM3, and activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) in HIGM2 — do not account for all cases. We investigated the clinical and immunological characteristics of 15 patients with an unidentified form of HIGM. Although the clinical manifestations were similar to those observed in HIGM2, these patients exhibited a slightly milder HIGM syndrome with residual IgG production. We found that B cell CSR was intrinsically impaired. However, the generation of somatic hypermutations was observed in the variable region of the Ig heavy chain gene, as in control B lymphocytes. In vitro studies showed that the molecular defect responsible for this new HIGM entity (HIGM4) occurs downstream of the AID activity, as the AID gene was induced normally and AID-induced DNA double-strand breaks in the switch μ region of the Ig heavy chain locus were detected during CSR as normal. Thus, HIGM4 is probably the consequence of a selective defect either in a CSR-specific factor of the DNA repair machinery or in survival signals delivered to switched B cells.
Cumulative list of United States Adopted Names
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Primary medical care evaluation. The AAFP-UNC collaborative study
Authors: J. A. Burdette
Journal: JAMA (1974)

A study design to compare and evaluate different systems of primary medical care delivery in the United States was devised. The concept of an "indicator case" (common in all systems of primary care) was used as a convenient way to sample and evaluate medical care delivery. Eight criteria, including both "cure" and "care" aspects, were used to measure and compare different primary care systems. Data were collected by a trained group of nurse-interviewers and very little of the physician's time was required. A unique aspect of this study is that it was conceived and worked out in detail over a five-year period cooperatively by a group of practicing physicians representing the American Academy of Family Physicians and experienced medical researchers from the School of Public Health of the University of North Carolina. (<i>JAMA</i>230:1668-1673, 1974)
(7) Oral mucosal neuroma-medullary thyroid carcinoma syndrome
Authors: D.M. Walker
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1973)

Journal Article (7) Oral mucosal neuroma‐medullary thyroid carcinoma syndrome Get access D.M. Walker D.M. Walker Department of Oral Medicine, The Dental School, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 89, Issue s9, 1 July 1973, Pages 40–43, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1973.tb03440.x Published: 01 July 1973
PLoS Medicine Issue Image | Vol. 6(2) February 2009
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2009)

The image illustrates this month's debate (Gøtzsche et al. e1000023) on ghostwriting in medical literature: the failure to name, as an author, an individual who has made substantial contributions to an article. Three different viewpoints are taken in the debate, but all contributors agree that a transparent declaration of author contributions is an essential element of a published article. The need to increase awareness of ghostwriting, and develop robust journal policies regarding the practice, is one of five proposals set out in this month's editorial (PLoS Medicine Editors e1000038). It suggests ways that might help those involved in the publication process to recognize, and avoid, the influence of biased agendas on the published scientific record. The editors also suggest that journals consider declaration of both editors' and authors' competing interests, including non-commercial interests such as political or religious views; a policy requiring the submission of original protocols for clinical trials; and publication of negative, or inconclusive, results. The editorial stresses that it is the responsibility of everyone involved in the research enterprise to ensure that the published record is an accurate and unbiased representation of the work that has been done. Image Credit: Jacob Riis
Incidence of oversensing resulting in inappropriate shocks in transvenous implantable cardioverter-defibrillators Yongkeun Cho, Andrew Corsello, Dionyssios Robotis, Andrezej Okreglicki, Spencer Z. Rosero, James P. Daubert, David T. Huang. University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)