tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Endoscopy International Open – recently published
Journal: Endoscopy (2017)

Comment on: Feasibility of esophageal stent fixation with an over-the-scope-clip for malignant esophageal strictures to prevent migrationEndosc Int Open 2017; 05(11): E1044-E1049DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-111793 Comment on: Magnifying image-enhanced endoscopy for collagenous colitisEndosc Int Open 2017; 05(11): E1069-E1073DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-118004 Comment on: EUS-guided gallbladder drainage using a lumen-apposing self-expandable metal stent in patients with coagulopathy or anticoagulation therapy: a case seriesEndosc Int Open 2017; 05(11): E1100-E1103DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-118828
Gene Therapy for Brain Tumors in Trials, Correction of Inherited Disorders a Hope
Authors: Teri Randall
Journal: JAMA (1993)

CLINICIANS and laboratory scientists alike have coveted the ability to genetically alter brain cells. Were this manipulation possible, brain cancer conceivably could be cured. So could the multitude of other acquired and inherited diseases that involve the central nervous system. From a basic science standpoint, researchers could pry open the mysteries of neural development and other enigmas by studying the function and regulation of cloned genes in animal models. For many years, however, the brain has proven intractable to the embryonic science of gene transfer. Because brain cells do not proliferate, the early protocols that required DNA replication for the delivery of genetic material were ineffective. Moreover, the blood-brain barrier rendered the brain impenetrable to systemic-based therapies. But scientists are learning to overcome these obstacles and in some cases even use them to their advantage. Eight patients have now been treated in the first gene therapy trial for malignant brain
POS0351 NEITHER ANTI-CITRULLINATED PROTEIN ANTIBODIES (ACPA) NOR POLYCLONAL IgG ARE ASSOCIATED WITH BONE MASS, IN ELDERLY MEN
Authors: M. Nurkkala, M. Lagerquist, P. Gupta, D. Mellström, C. Ohlsson, C. Engdahl
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2022)

Background Bone loss is associated with anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) positivity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. This is shown in both in pre-clinical RA, and in more pronounced bone loss in serum positive patients compared to serum negative patients. Further, both ACPA and activated IgG stimulate osteoclastogenesis in vitro and in murine arthritis-mediated bone loss. Objectives Whether polyclonal IgG or autoantibodies are important for general bone architecture, and not only in arthritis-mediated bone loss, has not been determined but they may represent an important link between the immune system and bone. Methods Polyclonal IgG and ACPA were measured with ELISA in serum of 600 elderly men (mean age 80.2±3.5 years), in the cohort MrOS Gothenburg. In this cohort, bone was investigated with Dual-energy-x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and high-resolution 3D peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT). In C57/BL6 mice, high dose heat-activated polyclonal IgG was repetitively injected systemically or intraarticularly, and the bone was investigated with DXA and micro-CT. Results No association was determined between existing serum polyclonal IgG and ACPA, with the measured bone parameters, not total bone density, trabecular or cortical bone in the MrOS cohort. Systemic injection of activated IgG in mice did not affect general bone health, not total, trabecular, or cortical bone. Intraarticular injection of activated IgG was shown to give a local reduction in trabecular bone density of the tibia. Conclusion These data indicate that serum polyclonal IgG and ACPA do not influence general bone health in elderly men. However, in mice injection with activated IgG intraarticularly leads to a local reduction in trabecular bone. In conclusion, our data imply that ACPA and activated IgG need to be present in close connection to the bone, e.g., in the synovial area, to be able to mediate a reduction in bone mass. Disclosure of Interests Merja Nurkkala: None declared, Marie Lagerquist: None declared, Priti Gupta: None declared, Dan Mellström: None declared, Claes Ohlsson Grant/research support from: Novo Nordisk, Cecilia Engdahl: None declared
Remote Real-Time Computer System for Medical Research and Diagnosis
Authors: James F. Dickson
Journal: JAMA (1966)

There has been a growing recognition in recent years of the usefulness of the digital computer in medical research and diagnosis.<sup>1-3</sup>In order to increase the flexibility and effectiveness of our computer for biomedical studies we have developed a real-time computer system that controls complex investigative procedures, rapidly analyzes experimental data, and displays pertinent findings while studies are still in progress.<sup>4,5</sup>Recently, this system has been placed under the remote teletypewriter control of hospital investigators in Boston and at the National Institutes of Health in the interest of facilitating their efforts in research and diagnosis. It is likely that in time such remote computer systems will effectively link medical facilities throughout the country and will service areas where adequate diagnostic facilities are not readily available. <h3>Computer Facility</h3> Our laboratory group is made up of electrical engineers, mathematicians, physicists, and biomedical scientists who are applying communication-engineering concepts, control theory,
Continuing Medical Education
Authors: A Steyn, Dip Da, J Du Plessis, S Meyer
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1989)

Continuing Medical Education Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 81, Issue 15, 2 August 1989, Pages 1196–1197, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/81.15.1196 Published: 02 August 1989
Urinary Analysis and Diagnosis by Microscopical and Chemical Examination.
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Educating Psychiatric Patients about their Treatment: Do Fact Sheets Work?
Authors: Mark Evans, Rob Macpherson, Emma Thompson, Isam Babiker
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1996)

Psychiatric patients are sometimes given fact sheets about their treatment but the benefits of these are uncertain. We tested three strategies in three cohorts of psychiatric inpatients—fact sheets alone, fact sheets and subsequent discussion, and control. Knowledge of medication was assessed by questionnaire. For various reasons, only 33 of the 77 patients were included in the study or analysis. Of the patients who had been given fact sheets, 87% independently read them and reported finding them helpful whilst all asked for more information. Receiving a fact sheet alone had no significant effect, whereas having discussed it with a health care professional was associated with a significant increase in knowledge about medication. Patients receiving fact sheets selectively learned more about side-effects than about drug action or precautions. This strategy for patient education could be used by ward nurses and deserves further evaluation.
Paresthesia and Numbness due to Drugs: The Special Case of the Blind
Authors: James D. Brandt
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors such as acetazolamide and methazolamide are among the most effective suppressants of aqueous humor production known, and they are used frequently in the treatment of glaucoma. They are typically reserved for use after topical therapy has proven inadequate because their high frequency of adverse effects<sup>1,2</sup>makes them unsuitable as a first-line medication in the treatment of a chronic disease. These adverse effects include blood dyscrasias, depression, anorexia, alopecia, and paresthesia of the distal extermities. We would like to report a case in which a usually tolerable side effect of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (paresthesia and numbness of the distal extremities) became disabling. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> Our patient, an active 77-year-old woman, has been legally blind since childhood. She relied on braille to obtain a PhD in special education. As an author and a mathematics instructor in a school for visually impaired children, she
Death of General Washington
Authors: Heinz H. E. Scheidemandel
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I would like to comment on the article entitled "William Cobbett, Benjamin Rush, and the Death of General Washington."<sup>1</sup>Reference is made to my article, "Did George Washington Die of Quinsy?," published in the<i>Archives of Otolaryngology</i>in 1976. The reader is left with the impression that I suggested that George Washington died of quinsy (peritonsillar abscess). This is incorrect. The point of my article was that George Washington did<i>not</i>die of quinsy, as was the popular belief, but rather of acute epiglottitis. As pointed out in my article, there is much evidence to suggest that this was the correct diagnosis and that Washington died of asphyxia secondary to acute epiglottitis.
Chronic Hypnotic-Drug Use
Authors: Anthony Kales
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Ten patients, each of whom had been using hypnotic drugs for periods ranging from months to years, were monitored in the sleep laboratory while continuing to receive medication. Comparison with insomniac controls who were not receiving medication demonstrated a significant decrease of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep in the chronic drug users. A striking finding was the fact that all of these patients had as great or greater difficulty in falling asleep or staying asleep, or both, than the insomniac controls who were not using medication. Abrupt withdrawal of ineffective drugs is not recommended due to psychological and physiological changes that contribute to drug-withdrawal insomnia and hypnotic-drug dependence. The ineffectiveness of hypnotic drugs demonstrated in this study and in our earlier sleep laboratory drug evaluation studies indicates the need for changes in the guidelines used for evaluating and advertising hypnotic drugs.
TNF mRNA and protein in cardiac transplant biopsies: comparison with serum TNF levels
Authors: M. Azzawi, S. D.C. Grant, P. S. Hasleton, N. Yonan, C. S. Campbell, A.-K. Deiraniya, A. Rahman, I. V. Hutchinson
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1996)

Objectives: To examine the role of TNF alpha (TNFα) in cardiac transplant rejection by simultaneous analysis of protein expression and its messenger RNA within serum and grafted tissue.Methods: 54 endomyocardial biopsy specimens were taken from 19 patients at various times after transplantation. TNFα messenger RNA was localised using a digoxygenin labelled complementary DNA probe. An anti-TNFα antibody was used to immunohistochemically label the protein product. Serum TNFα levels at the time of biopsy were analysed using a specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results: TNFα mRNA was present in 22/34 endomyocardial biopsies. Eight also contained TNFα protein. None had protein alone. Expression did not relate to the grade of rejection in the present or subsequent biopsies. Serum TNFα was undetectable (assay sensitivity 30–330 pg/ml) for the majority of specimens. In the nine cases with elevated serum levels, eight samples were from cases within the first 30 days post transplant (r = −0.379; P < 0.05).Conclusions: Neither tissue TNFα mRNA, tissue protein, nor serum TNFα relate to the grade of rejection. Furthermore, TNFα expression within endomyocardial biopsies is not reflected in the serum. These findings argue against the use of serum analysis as an indicator of cytokine profiles within cardiac tissue allografts. The demonstration of a trend in the early expression of TNFα after transplantation suggests that its release may not be specific to the process of rejection.
The Effects of Blinding on the Quality of Peer Review
Authors: Robert A. McNutt
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Peer reviewers are blinded sometimes to authors' and institutions' names, but the effects of blinding on review quality are not known. We, therefore, conducted a randomized trial of blinded peer review. Each of 127 consecutive manuscripts of original research that were submitted to the<i>Journal of General Internal Medicine</i>were sent to two external reviewers, one of whom was randomly selected to receive a manuscript with the authors' and institutions' names removed. Reviewers were asked, but not required, to sign their reviews. Blinding was successful for 73% of reviewers. Quality of reviews was higher for the blinded manuscripts (3.5 vs 3.1 on a 5-point scale). Forty-three percent of reviewers signed their reviews, and blinding did not affect the proportion who signed. There was no association between signing and quality. Our study shows that, in our setting, blinding improves the quality of reviews and that research on the effects of peer review is possible. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;263:1371-1376)
Dactinomycin in Wilms' Tumor
Authors: E. Omer Burgert
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Of 122 children with Wilms' tumor treated at eight institutions, 45 received conventional therapy (surgery and irradiation) alone, 59 received conventional therapy and "early" administration of dactinomycin (actinomycin D), and 18 received conventional therapy and "late" administration of dactinomycin. In 102 children without metastasis at operation, life-table analysis revealed a decreased frequency of metastasis and increased survival after dactinomycin therapy. Children starting drug therapy the day of operation had a clearly improved survival experience at four years after operation over those not receiving drug therapy. Patients with metastasis had an improved survival experience even if dactinomycin therapy was started late, as compared with patients who received no drug therapy. Dactinomycin therapy improved survival experience even when metastasis was evident at operation. Survival experience did not differ between sexes and was better for younger than for older children.
Highlights of This Issue
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

One of the hallmarks of cancer cells is the excessive conversion of glucose to lactate under normoxic conditions, also known as the Warburg effect.De Rosa and colleagues showed that selective inhibition of ERK1/2 and AKT pathways in EGFR-driven NSCLC cells causes a dramatic reduction of HKII and p-PKM2 Tyr105 as well as an upregulation of mitochondrial complexes subunits.This will result in an early metabolic switch from aerobic glycolysis to mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation both in vitro and in vivo.The consequent increase of ATP levels and reduction of lactate secretion will ultimately improve NSCLC sensitivity to chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
Multiple-organism septicemia and carcinoma of the colon
Authors: V. Garbitelli
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Oh, the magic in the sound "third-party payer," or is it "third-party savior?" So simple. Submit a claim form and receive a check. But what has happened? The amount of the checks just do not keep up with the ever-increasing amounts of the claim. Could it be that the amount the consumer is able to pay for sick care is reaching a limit? There is no magic in how the "third-party payer" system works, whether government or private. The insurer attempts to find out what the consumer wants to buy (benefits), the actuary prices the product (premium), and the sales force sells the contract in the competitive market place. Simple? Not so! As the cost of health care accelerates faster than other goods and services, the premium increases to a level that is affordable to fewer persons. The answer is to reduce selectively the covered services and
Epidemiology of Breast Fluid Secretion: Association With Breast Cancer Risk Factors and Cerumen Type&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Petrakis, Nicholas L., Ernster, Virginia L., Sacks, Susan T., King, Ellen B., Schweitzer, Robert J., Hunt, Thomas K., King, Mary-Claire
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1981)

Journal Article Epidemiology of Breast Fluid Secretion: Association With Breast Cancer Risk Factors and Cerumen Type Get access Nicholas L. Petrakis, M.D., Nicholas L. Petrakis, M.D. 5 4Department of Epidemiology and International Health, University of California, San Francisco, Calif. 94143 5Address reprint requests to Dr. Petrakis, c/o Editor, Department of Epidemiology and International Health, 1699 HSW, University of California, San Francisco. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Virginia L. Ernster, Ph.D., Virginia L. Ernster, Ph.D. 4Department of Epidemiology and International Health, University of California, San Francisco, Calif. 94143 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Susan T. Sacks, Ph.D., Susan T. Sacks, Ph.D. 4Department of Epidemiology and International Health, University of California, San Francisco, Calif. 94143 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Ellen B. King, M.D., Ellen B. King, M.D. 4Department of Epidemiology and International Health, University of California, San Francisco, Calif. 94143 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Robert J. Schweitzer, M.D., Robert J. Schweitzer, M.D. 6Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Thomas K. Hunt, M.D., Thomas K. Hunt, M.D. 7Breast Screening Center of Northern California, Merritt Hospital, Oakland, Calif. 94609 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Mary-Claire King, Ph.D. Mary-Claire King, Ph.D. 4Department of Epidemiology and International Health, University of California, San Francisco, Calif. 94143 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 67, Issue 2, August 1981, Pages 277–284, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/67.2.277 Published: 01 August 1981 Article history Received: 11 July 1980 Revision received: 12 December 1980 Accepted: 21 January 1981 Published: 01 August 1981
Quality of Care
Authors: R. Heather Palmer
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Radiological Evaluation of Patients Receiving Assisted Ventilation
Authors: Lawrence R. Goodman
Journal: JAMA (1981)

WITH the increasing use of tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilators for respiratory support, both clinician and radiologist are seeing an increased number of portable roentgenograms of patients receiving assisted ventilation. An understanding of the expected radiological appearance and potential complications should help decrease the frequency of iatrogenic problems in these critically ill patients.<sup>1</sup> <h3>Endotracheal Tube</h3> The ideal location for the tip of the endotracheal tube is 5 to 7 cm from the carina. This places the tip midway between the carina and the vocal cords. When the carina is not visible, its position may be approximated from prior portable films or by using the vertebral bodies as reference markers. On 95% of portable roentgenograms, the carina projects over the fifth, sixth, or seventh thoracic vertebral body.<sup>1</sup> Proper positioning of the tube is important because flexion or extension of the neck moves the endotracheal tube tip relative to the
Sexual Beliefs and Behavior of Single, Male Medical Students
Authors: Edward Gottheil
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Sixty-three single, male, sophomore medical students volunteered to respond fully and sincerely to a 352-item questionnaire covering approximately the same topic areas described in the Kinsey Report. In addition to describing their own sexual behavior, the respondents, constituting a 57% sample of those invited to participate, indicated how they believed the average college man and woman would respond. The subjects displayed a generally conservative attitude and appeared to believe that a double standard of sexual morality for men and women still exists. Comparisons among the students' descriptions of their own sexual activities, those they believed were true of others, and Kinsey's data did not indicate that (1) their sexual behavior was constricted; (2) they were concerned about their sexual potency; or (3) they were naive and uninformed about sexual behavior.
Common Infections of the Female Urethra and Cervix.
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal