tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
María Mittelbrunn: Science feeds my curiosity every day
Authors: Lucie Van Emmenis
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2023)

María Mittelbrunn leads the Immunometabolism and Inflammation Laboratory at the Severo Ochoa Molecular Biology Center. Her lab takes a multidisciplinary approach to explore immunometabolism as a therapeutic target in the treatment of chronic inflammation and aging. We recently spoke to María about the joy of discussing results with your team and how this can influence future projects, and optimism about the future of research.
Chatbot Confabulations Are Not Hallucinations
Authors: Rami Hatem, Brianna Simmons, Joseph E. Thornton
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Chatbot Confabulations Are Not Hallucinations—Reply
Authors: Teva D. Brender
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
IPX203 vs Immediate-Release Carbidopa-Levodopa for the Treatment of Motor Fluctuations in Parkinson Disease
Authors: Robert A. Hauser, Alberto J. Espay, Aaron L. Ellenbogen, Hubert H. Fernandez, Stuart H. Isaacson, Peter A. LeWitt, William G. Ondo, Rajesh Pahwa, Johannes Schwarz, Fabrizio Stocchi, Leonid Zeitlin, Ghazal Banisadr, Stanley Fisher, Hester Visser, Richard D’Souza
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2023)

Levodopa has a short half-life and a limited window of opportunity for absorption in the proximal small intestine. IPX203 is an oral, extended-release formulation of carbidopa-levodopa developed to address these limitations.To assess the efficacy and safety of IPX203 vs immediate-release carbidopa-levodopa in patients with Parkinson disease who are experiencing motor fluctuations.RISE-PD was a 20-week, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, active-controlled, phase 3 clinical trial. The study was conducted between November 6, 2018, and June 15, 2021, at 105 academic and clinical centers in the US and Europe. Patients with Parkinson disease taking a total daily dose of 400 mg or more of levodopa and experiencing an average of 2.5 hours or more daily off-time were included in the study. A total of 770 patients were screened, 140 were excluded (those taking controlled-release carbidopa-levodopa apart from a single daily bedtime dose, Rytary (Amneal Pharmaceuticals), additional carbidopa or benserazide, or catechol O-methyl transferase inhibitors or who had a history of psychosis within the past 10 years), and 630 were enrolled in the trial.Following open-label immediate-release carbidopa-levodopa dose adjustment (3 weeks) and conversion to IPX203 (4 weeks), patients were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to double-blind, double-dummy treatment with immediate-release carbidopa-levodopa or IPX203 for 13 weeks.The primary end point was mean change in daily good on-time (ie, on-time without troublesome dyskinesia) from baseline to the end of the double-blind treatment period.A total of 630 patients (mean [SD] age, 66.5 [8.95] years; 396 [62.9%] men) were enrolled, and 506 patients were randomly assigned to receive IPX203 (n = 256) or immediate-release carbidopa-levodopa (n = 250). The study met its primary end point, demonstrating statistically significant improvement in daily good on-time for IPX203 compared to immediate-release carbidopa-levodopa (least squares mean, 0.53 hours; 95% CI, 0.09-0.97; P = .02), with IPX203 dosed a mean 3 times per day vs 5 times per day for immediate-release carbidopa-levodopa. Good on-time per dose increased by 1.55 hours with IPX203 compared to immediate-release carbidopa-levodopa (95% CI, 1.37-1.73; P < .001). IPX203 was well tolerated. The most common adverse events in the double-blind phase (IPX203 vs immediate-release carbidopa-levodopa) were nausea (4.3% vs 0.8%) and anxiety (2.7% vs 0.0%).In this study, IPX203 provided more hours of good on-time per day than immediate-release carbidopa-levodopa, even as IPX203 was dosed less frequently.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03670953.
A novel staging system derived from natural language processing of pathology reports to predict prognostic outcomes of pancreatic cancer: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Bo Li, Beilei Wang, Pengjie Zhuang, Hongwei Cao, Shengyong Wu, Zhendong Tan, Suizhi Gao, Penghao Li, Wei Jin, Zhuo Shao, Kailian Zheng, Lele Wu, Bai Gao, Yang Wang, Hui Jiang, Shiwei Guo, Liang He, Yan Yang, Gang Jin
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

To construct a novel tumor-node-morphology (TNMor) staging system derived from natural language processing (NLP) of pathology reports to predict outcomes of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.This retrospective study with 1657 participants was based on a large referral center and The Cancer Genome Atlas Program (TCGA) dataset. In the training cohort, NLP was used to extract and screen prognostic predictors from pathology reports to develop the TNMor system, which was further evaluated with the tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) system in the internal and external validation cohort, respectively. Main outcomes were evaluated by the log-rank test of Kaplan-Meier curves, the concordance index (C-index), and the area under the receiver operating curve (AUC).The precision, recall, and F1 scores of the NLP model were 88.83, 89.89, and 89.21%, respectively. In Kaplan-Meier analysis, survival differences between stages in the TNMor system were more significant than that in the TNM system. In addition, our system provided an improved C-index (internal validation, 0.58 vs. 0.54, P <0.001; external validation, 0.64 vs. 0.63, P <0.001), and higher AUCs for 1, 2, and 3-year survival (internal validation: 0.62 vs. 0.54, P <0.001; 0.64 vs. 0.60, P= 0.017; 0.69 vs. 0.62, P= 0.001; external validation: 0.69 vs. 0.65, P= 0.098; 0.68 vs. 0.64, P= 0.154; 0.64 vs. 0.55, P= 0.032, respectively). Finally, our system was particularly beneficial for precise stratification of patients receiving adjuvant therapy, with an improved C-index (0.61 vs. 0.57, P <0.001), and higher AUCs for 1-year, 2-year, and 3-year survival (0.64 vs. 0.57, P <0.001; 0.64 vs. 0.58, P <0.001; 0.67 vs. 0.61, P <0.001; respectively) compared with the TNM system.These findings suggest that the TNMor system performed better than the TNM system in predicting pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma prognosis. It is a promising system to screen risk-adjusted strategies for precision medicine.
Introducing Inside Story, a New Section for <i>JAMA Internal Medicine</i>
Authors: Louise Aronson, Deborah Grady, Sharon K. Inouye
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Questionable Safety of Proton Pump Inhibitor Use in Children
Authors: Jay G. Berry, Jonathan M. Mansbach
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
At the Intersection: Protecting Public Health from Smoke While Addressing the U.S. Wildfire Crisis
Authors: Jason D. Sacks, Amara L. Holder, Ana G. Rappold, Ambarish Vaidyanathan
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2023)

"At the Intersection: Protecting Public Health from Smoke while Addressing the U.S. Wildfire Crisis ." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 0(ja), pp.
HLA Genotype and Probiotics Modify the Association Between Timing of Solid Food Introduction and Islet Autoimmunity in the TEDDY Study
Authors: Ulla Uusitalo, Lazarus K. Mramba, Carin Andrén Aronsson, Kendra Vehik, Jimin Yang, Sandra Hummel, Åke Lernmark, Marian Rewers, William Hagopian, Richard McIndoe, Jorma Toppari, Anette-G. Ziegler, Beena Akolkar, Jeffrey P. Krischer, Suvi M. Virtanen, Jill M. Norris
Journal: Diabetes Care (2023)

OBJECTIVE To study the interaction among HLA genotype, early probiotic exposure, and timing of complementary foods in relation to risk of islet autoimmunity (IA). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study prospectively follows 8,676 children with increased genetic risk of type 1 diabetes. We used a Cox proportional hazards regression model adjusting for potential confounders to study early feeding and the risk of IA in a sample of 7,770 children. RESULTS Any solid food introduced early (&amp;lt;6 months) was associated with increased risk of IA if the child had the HLA DR3/4 genotype and no probiotic exposure during the 1st year of life. Rice introduced at 4–5.9 months compared with later in the U.S. was associated with an increased risk of IA. CONCLUSIONS Timing of solid food introduction, including rice, may be associated with IA in children with the HLA DR3/4 genotype not exposed to probiotics. The microbiome composition under these exposure combinations requires further study.
US paediatric leaders back gender affirming approach while also ordering evidence review
Authors: Jennifer Block
Journal: BMJ (2023)

US paediatric leaders back gender affirming approach while also ordering evidence review Jennifer BlockThe American Academy of Paediatrics (AAP) reaffirmed its policy supporting the gender affirming model of care while at the same time announcing that it would commission a systematic review of the evidence and "develop an expanded set of guidance" on medical treatment in minors.
Social, Behavioral, and Metabolic Risk Factors and Racial Disparities in Cardiovascular Disease Mortality in U.S. Adults
Authors: Jiang He, Joshua D. Bundy, Siyi Geng, Ling Tian, Hua He, Xingyan Li, Keith C. Ferdinand, Amanda H. Anderson, Kirsten S. Dorans, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Katherine T. Mills, Jing Chen
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2023)

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality is persistently higher in the Black population than in other racial and ethnic groups in the United States. Objective: To examine the degree to which social, behavioral, and metabolic risk factors are associated with CVD mortality and the extent to which racial differences in CVD mortality persist after these factors are accounted for. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) 1999 to 2018. Participants: A nationally representative sample of 50 808 persons aged 20 years or older. Measurements: Data on social, behavioral, and metabolic factors were collected in each NHANES survey using standard methods. Deaths from CVD were ascertained from linkage to the National Death Index with follow-up through 2019. Results: Over an average of 9.4 years of follow-up, 2589 CVD deaths were confirmed. The age- and sex-standardized rates of CVD mortality were 484.7 deaths per 100 000 person-years in Black participants, 384.5 deaths per 100 000 person-years in White participants, 292.4 deaths per 100 000 person-years in Hispanic participants, and 255.1 deaths per 100 000 person-years in other race groups. In a multiple Cox regression analysis adjusted for all measured risk factors simultaneously, several social (unemployment, low family income, food insecurity, lack of home ownership, and unpartnered status), behavioral (current smoking, lack of leisure-time physical activity, and sleep <6 or >8 h/d), and metabolic (obesity, hypertension, and diabetes) risk factors were associated with a significantly higher risk for CVD death. After adjustment for these metabolic, behavioral, and social risk factors separately, hazard ratios of CVD mortality for Black compared with White participants were attenuated from 1.54 (95% CI, 1.34 to 1.77) to 1.34 (CI, 1.16 to 1.55), 1.31 (CI, 1.15 to 1.50), and 1.04 (CI, 0.90 to 1.21), respectively. Limitation: Causal contributions of social, behavioral, and metabolic risk factors to racial and ethnic disparities in CVD mortality could not be established. Conclusion: The Black–White difference in CVD mortality diminished after adjustment for behavioral and metabolic risk factors and completely dissipated with adjustment for social determinants of health in the U.S. population. Primary Funding Source: National Institutes of Health.
Germline <i>EGFR</i> Mutations and Familial Lung Cancer
Authors: Geoffrey R. Oxnard, Ruthia Chen, Jennifer C. Pharr, Diane R. Koeller, Arrien A. Bertram, Suzanne E. Dahlberg, Irene Rainville, Kate Shane-Carson, Kelly A. Taylor, Alicia Sable-Hunt, Lynette M. Sholl, Craig C. Teerlink, Alun Thomas, Lisa A. Cannon-Albright, André P. Fay, Patrícia Ashton-Prolla, Hao Yang, Mary M. Salvatore, Bonnie J. Addario, Pasi A. Jänne, David P. Carbone, Georgia L. Wiesner, Judy E. Garber
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2023)

The genomic underpinnings of inherited lung cancer risk are poorly understood. This prospective study characterized the clinical phenotype of patients and families with germline
Systemic Therapy for Melanoma: ASCO Guideline Update
Authors: Rahul Seth, Sanjiv S. Agarwala, Hans Messersmith, Krishna C. Alluri, Paolo A. Ascierto, Michael B. Atkins, Kathryn Bollin, Matias Chacon, Nancy Davis, Mark B. Faries, Pauline Funchain, Jason S. Gold, Samantha Guild, David E. Gyorki, Varinder Kaur, Nikhil I. Khushalani, John M. Kirkwood, Jennifer Leigh McQuade, Michael O. Meyers, Anthony Provenzano, Caroline Robert, Mario Santinami, Amikar Sehdev, Vernon K. Sondak, Gilliosa Spurrier, Umang Swami, Thach-Giao Truong, Katy K. Tsai, Alexander van Akkooi, Jeffrey Weber
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2023)

To provide guidance to clinicians regarding the use of systemic therapy for melanoma.American Society of Clinical Oncology convened an Expert Panel and conducted an updated systematic review of the literature.The updated review identified 21 additional randomized trials.Neoadjuvant pembrolizumab was newly recommended for patients with resectable stage IIIB to IV cutaneous melanoma. For patients with resected cutaneous melanoma, adjuvant nivolumab or pembrolizumab was newly recommended for stage IIB-C disease and adjuvant nivolumab plus ipilimumab was added as a potential option for stage IV disease. For patients with unresectable or metastatic cutaneous melanoma, nivolumab plus relatlimab was added as a potential option regardless of BRAF mutation status and nivolumab plus ipilimumab followed by nivolumab was preferred over BRAF/MEK inhibitor therapy. Talimogene laherparepvec is no longer recommended as an option for patients with BRAF wild-type disease who have progressed on anti-PD-1 therapy. Ipilimumab- and ipilimumab-containing regimens are no longer recommended for patients with BRAF-mutated disease after progression on other therapies.This full update incorporates the new recommendations for uveal melanoma published in the 2022 Rapid Recommendation Update.Additional information is available at www.asco.org/melanoma-guidelines.
Mining for crypto protection: a search for Cryptosporidium antibodies reveals antigens associated with immunity
Authors: Ian S. Cohn, Christopher A. Hunter
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2023)

Infectious diarrhea is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly for children in low- and middle-income countries. Cryptosporidium is a diarrheal pathogen for which there is no vaccine and current therapies are only partially effective. In this issue of the JCI, Gilchrist, Campo, and colleagues surveyed a large cohort of Bangladeshi children to profile antibody responses against an array of Cryptosporidium proteins. They discovered 233 proteins to which children developed antibodies, identified seven as being associated with protection from reinfection, and provided insights regarding the longevity of Cryptosporidium antibodies and the development of antibody breadth. In this commentary, we discuss the burden of disease caused by Cryptosporidium and how these studies highlight the strategies to better manage this parasite.
SERCA2a Protein Levels Are Unaltered in Human Heart Failure
Authors: Isabella Ragone, Javier Barallobre-Barreiro, Kaloyan Takov, Konstantinos Theofilatos, Xiaoke Yin, Lukas Emanuel Schmidt, Nieves Domenech, Maria Generosa Crespo-Leiro, Stephanie M. van der Voorn, Aryan Vink, Toon A.B. van Veen, Csaba Bödör, Béla Merkely, Tamás Radovits, Manuel Mayr
Journal: Circulation (2023)
A Curious Presentation of Chronic Chest Pain
Authors: Elmira Javanmardi, Frederick Ehlert, Hirad Yarmohammadi
Journal: Circulation (2023)

A 68-year-old male patient presented to the hospital with a complaint of chest pain that started 2 to 3 months ago.He described the pain as intermittent and located substernally, with radiation to his neck and left arm.The patient had a dual-chamber pacemaker implanted 7 months previously for complete heart block.No abnormalities were detected on physical examina-tion.An echocardiogram performed on the same day indicated normal cardiac function, and a subsequent coronary angiography revealed no significant coronary artery disease.The patient's admission ECG is shown in Figure 1.No prior ECGs were available for review.How should we interpret the ECG?What is the most likely diagnosis?How should we manage this patient?Please turn the page to read the diagnosis.
The vascular perspective on acute and chronic lung disease
Authors: Izabela Borek, Anna Birnhuber, Norbert F. Voelkel, Leigh M. Marsh, Grazyna Kwapiszewska
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2023)

The pulmonary vasculature has been frequently overlooked in acute and chronic lung diseases, such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), pulmonary fibrosis (PF), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The primary emphasis in the management of these parenchymal disorders has largely revolved around the injury and aberrant repair of epithelial cells. However, there is increasing evidence that the vascular endothelium plays an active role in the development of acute and chronic lung diseases. The endothelial cell network in the capillary bed and the arterial and venous vessels provides a metabolically highly active barrier that controls the migration of immune cells, regulates vascular tone and permeability, and participates in the remodeling processes. Phenotypically and functionally altered endothelial cells, and remodeled vessels, can be found in acute and chronic lung diseases, although to different degrees, likely because of disease-specific mechanisms. Since vascular remodeling is associated with pulmonary hypertension, which worsens patient outcomes and survival, it is crucial to understand the underlying vascular alterations. In this Review, we describe the current knowledge regarding the role of the pulmonary vasculature in the development and progression of ARDS, PF, and COPD; we also outline future research directions with the hope of facilitating the development of mechanism-based therapies.