tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Drug Detection in Urines Of Commercial Blood Bank Donors
Authors: Richard J. Coumbis
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Although there are local and regional variations, commercial blood banks vary widely in the application of appropriate donor selection criteria and it is a considered opinion that many donors should be rejected on medical grounds. Of principal concern is the heroin addict with the heightened incidence of infectious hepatitis in such a population. Blood banks use a history, an abbreviated physical examination, and serological tests of the blood as the primary screening procedures. They are presently in the process of introducing a test for the presence of the Australian antigen. This preliminary study reports data obtained from the analysis of urines collected from 50 donors who gave blood at a commercial blood bank. Results are shown in the following table. <h3>Comment.—</h3> A critical evaluation of the positive urinary findings in these cases must be tempered by the absence of quantitation and the simple non-contributory history on each
Toxicology. The Nature, Effects and Detection of Poisons, with the Diagnosis and Treatment of Poisoning.
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Meningococcal Polysaccharide Vaccines
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Diagnosis and Treatment1 December 1978Meningococcal Polysaccharide VaccinesRecommendation of the Public Health Service Advisory Committee on Immunization PracticesAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-89-6-949 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail AbstractMeningococcal disease is endemic in the United States, and sulfonamide-sensitive serogroup B strains currently cause most cases. More than two thirds of all cases occur in persons less than 20 years old. Three meningococcal polysaccharide vaccines are licensed for selective use in the United States: monovalent A, monovalent C, and bivalent A-C. This recommendation describes indications for their use, with particular attention to primary immunization, and use in pregnancy and in epidemic control.Selected Bibliography1. ARTENSTEINWINTERGOLDSMITH MPRC: Immunoprophylaxis of meningococcal infection. Milit Med 139:91-95, 1974 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. PELTOLAMÄKELÄKÄYHTYJOUSIMIESHERVAHÄLLSTRÄMSIVONENRENKONENPETTAYKARANKOAHVONENSARNA HPHHEKAOOVPS: Clinical efficacy of meningococcus group A capsular polysaccharide vaccine in children three months to five years of age. N Engl J Med 297:686-691, 1977 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. WAHDANRIZKEL-AKKADGHOUROURYHABLASGIRGISAMERBOCTARSIPPELGOTSCHLICHTRIAUSANBORNCVJETANOVIC MFAARNAWJERWB: A controlled field trial of a serogroup A meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine. Bull WHO 48:667-673, 1973 MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: ▸From the Center for Disease Control, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare; Atlanta, Georgia. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAcute Neurologic InfectionsMeningococcal Infections 1 December 1978Volume 89, Issue 6Page: 949-950KeywordsMeningococcal diseasePolysaccharidesPregnancyVaccines ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 December 1978 PDF downloadLoading ...
Recovery of human skin collagen synthesis after short-term topical corticosteroid treatment and comparison between young and old subjects
Authors: K.M. HAAPASAARI, J. RISTELI, A. OIKARINEN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

Summary In the present study, the recovery of the collagen synthesis rate after topical potent glucocorticoid treatment in the human skin in vivo was investigated. In the first experiment, two age groups were compared: young subjects with an age range of 21–26 years (mean 23), and old subjects, aged 55–70 years (mean 64). Twenty healthy male volunteers applied betamethasone-17-valerate to their abdominal skin for 3 days twice a day. Suction blisters were induced on the treated areas, and on the opposite side (healthy non-treated skin), of the abdominal skin on the day following the discontinuation of the treatment, and on the second and seventh day. In another experiment, suction blisters were induced after the treatment and 2 weeks later on the treated area and on healthy skin, in eight male volunteers. In both experiments, the aminoterminal propeptides of type I and III collagens (PINP and PIIINP, respectively) were measured radioimmunologically from the suction blister fluid. Corticosteroid treatment decreased the collagen synthesis in both age groups after a 3-day treatment period, and essentially no recovery in the collagen synthesis could be seen during a 1-week corticoid-free period. The inhibition and downregulation of collagen synthesis in the corticoid-treated skin was similar in both young and old subjects, up to 7 days after the treatment. During the 2-week corticoid-free period, collagen synthesis was recovered to about 50% of the level seen in the non-treated skin. Indicating that collagen synthesis is not completely normalized in the human skin even during a 2-week corticoid-free period.
Failure of Chloroquine Treatment to Prevent Malaria in Americans in West Africa
Authors: J. S. Moran, K. W. Bernard, A. E. Greenberg, S. Waterman, H. S. Bennett
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Since chloroquineresistant falciparum (CRPF) malaria was first reported in Africa in 1978,<sup>1</sup>it has spread steadily westward and is now well established in coastal Benin.<sup>2</sup>Confirmed reports of CRPF malaria west of Benin are limited to a single case in Ghana<sup>3</sup>and reports of decreased sensitivity to chloroquine therapy in patientswith<i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>from Gambia<sup>4</sup>and Senegal.<sup>5</sup>A study of Togolese children in 1985 showed that administration of 10 mg/kg of chloroquine base was highly effective in eliminating parasites from the blood.<sup>6</sup>We now report five cases of<i>P falciparum</i>among expatriates in Togo who had taken regular chloroquine prophylaxis (300 mg of base per week). <h3>Study.—</h3> The five patients were American Peace Corps volunteers (PCVs) between the ages of 20 and 40 years who had been living in Togo for more than six months. None had traveled to
5-Fluorouracil, 1,3-Bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea, and 1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-1-nitrosourea: Effect on the Human Granulopoietic System&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Lohrmann, Hans-Peter, Lepp, Karin A., Schreml, Wolfgang
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1982)

Journal Article 5-Fluorouracil, 1,3-Bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea, and 1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-1-nitrosourea: Effect on the Human Granulopoietic System Get access Hans-Peter Lohrmann, Hans-Peter Lohrmann Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Karin A. Lepp, Karin A. Lepp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Wolfgang Schreml Wolfgang Schreml Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 68, Issue 4, April 1982, Pages 541–547, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/68.4.541 Published: 01 April 1982 Article history Received: 05 March 1981 Revision received: 15 July 1981 Accepted: 25 September 1981 Published: 01 April 1982
Reproductive Effectiveness in Crosses Between Five Inbred Strains of Mice&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Clarence C. Little, William S. Murray
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1969)

Data on the reproductive activity of mice produced by 14 crosses between 5 inbred strains are reported. The data may be valuable to other investigators interested in analyzing the genetics and physiology of mice with different viral and constitutional factors in various combinations.
The American Year-Book of Medicine and Surgery for 1901.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Mebendazole in Enterobiasis Radiochemical and Pilot Clinical Study in 1,278 Subjects
Authors: Jo P. Brugmans
Journal: JAMA (1971)

An epidemiological study conducted on 1,278 persons revealed that enterobiasis was surprisingly widespread: 75% to 97% among boarding-school children, 78% among long-term hospital patients, and at least 31% among army recruits. A single standard dose of 100 mg of mebendazole was about 90% effective against enterobiasis in both children and adults. No side effects were reported even at several times the recommended dose (100 mg) in small children. Mebendazole is practically not absorbed and probably acts by blocking the glucose uptake by nematodes in the colon.
Controversies: Treatment of Acute Otitis Media
Authors: Michael J. Harkness
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Adverse Events Associated With 17D-Derived Yellow Fever Vaccination—United States, 2001-2002
Journal: JAMA (2002)

In June 2001, seven cases of yellow fever vaccine-associated viscerotropic disease (YEL-AVD) (previously called multiple organ system failure) in recipients of 17D-derived yellow fever vaccine (YEL) were reported to the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). ACIP reviewed the cases, recommended enhanced surveillance for adverse events, and updated the ACIP statement on YEL. This report summarizes the preliminary surveillance findings, including two new suspected cases of YEL-AVD and four suspected cases of YEL-associated neurotropic disease (YEL-AND) (previously called postvaccinal encephalitis). Although YEL remains essential for travelers to areas in which yellow fever (YF) is endemic (Figure), these findings underscore the need for continued enhanced surveillance and timely clinical assessment of YEL-associated disease.
Prognostic Value of Ambulatory Blood Pressures
Authors: Nathan Grossman
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I refer to the article entitled "The Prognostic Value of Ambulatory Blood Pressures" by Perloff and co-workers<sup>1</sup>in a recent issue ofThe Journal. The authors seem to have uncovered a valuable prognostic indicator for the assessment of subsequent morbidity and mortality in younger patients having mild to moderate hypertension. Furthermore, it seems instinctively attractive to be able to evaluate a patient's level of hypertension out in the "real world" rather than during an emotionally laden visit to the physician's office. I do, however, have some concerns with the methodology of this study. It would have been valuable to have examined the predictive value of ambulatory blood pressure when<i>all</i>other relevant factors were adjusted or controlled. Although the authors do adjust their findings for age, severity, sex, and prior treatment individually, they fail to examine the predictive value of ambulatory blood pressure when<i>all</i>of
Carcinogenicity of 1-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-1-nitrosourea and 3-Nitroso-2-oxazolidinone Administered in Drinking Water to Male MRC-Wistar Rats: Induction of Bone, Hematopoietic, Intestinal, and Liver Tumors&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1987)

Journal Article Carcinogenicity of 1-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-1-nitrosourea and 3-Nitroso-2-oxazolidinone Administered in Drinking Water to Male MRC-Wistar Rats: Induction of Bone, Hematopoietic, Intestinal, and Liver Tumors Get access Sidney S. Mirvish, Sidney S. Mirvish 3Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), Omaha, NE 68105. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Dennis D. Weisenburger, Dennis D. Weisenburger 3Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), Omaha, NE 68105.4Department of Pathology and Microbiology, UNMC. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Shahrokh Salmasi, Shahrokh Salmasi 3Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), Omaha, NE 68105. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Phoebe A. Kaplan Phoebe A. Kaplan 5Department of Radiology, UNMC. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 78, Issue 2, February 1987, Pages 387–393, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/78.2.387 Published: 01 February 1987 Article history Received: 29 April 1986 Accepted: 08 August 1986 Published: 01 February 1987
Inhibitory Effect of Phenobarbital on the Development of Gliomas in WF Rats Treated Neonatally With <italic>N</italic>-Ethyl-<italic>N</italic>-nitrosourea<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1">2</xref>
Authors: Masashi Naito, Hideyuki Aoyama, Akihiro Ito
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1985)

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of phenobarbital (PB) on the development of neurogenic tumors induced in WF rats by neonatal administration of N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU; CAS: 759-73-9). Group I rats were given a single sc injection in the backs of 5 mg ENu/kg body weight within 24 hours after birth. In group II, continuous oral administration of 0.05% PB in the drinking water was commenced 4 weeks after birth. Following neonatal injection of ENU, administration of PB was commenced 4 weeks after birth in group III. Rats in group IV served as untreated controls. All groups consisted of about an equal number of both sexes of rats. The experiment was terminated when the rats were 52 weeks old. The incidence of all neurogenic tumors in both sexes combined was 11 of 26 (42%) in group I and 3 of 22 (14%) in group III (P>.05). The incidence of gliomas alone was 10 of 26 (38%) in group I and 2 of 22 (9%) in group III (P<.05). When females and males were evaluated separately, the incidence of gliomas in females was 7 of 13 (54%) in group I and 1 of 12 (8.3%) in group III (P>.05), whereas in males, 3 of 13 (23%) in group I and 1 of 10 (10%) in group III (P>.05), the difference was not statistically significant. At the end of the experiment the mean serum level of PB in females (33.0 µg/ml) was significantly higher than that in males (19.8 µg/ml) (P<.05). These data suggest an inhibitory effect of PB on the development of ENU-induced gliomas in female rats.
Comparison of the Sensitivity of Normal Hematopoietic and Transplanted Lymphoma Colony-Forming Cells of Mice to Vinblastine Administered &lt;italic&gt;In Vivo&lt;/italic&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1966)

Dose-response curves were determined for hematopoietic and lymphoma colony-forming cells in the femoral marrows and spleens of mice after exposure for 24 hours to vinblastine. The hematopoietic colony-forming cells decreased to 19 and 1 percent of the control values in the marrow and spleen, respectively, at the highest dose used (1 mg/mouse). With the same dose, the lymphoma colony-forming cells decreased to 0.08 and 0.002 percent of the control values in the marrow and spleen, respectively. The difference in the sensitivity of the normal and lymphoma colony-forming cells to vinblastine was thus similar to the difference in sensitivity to tritiated thymidine seen previously. Both differences could bed result of the relative numbers of these two types of cells passing through cell cycle in a 24-hour period. Studies with combined vinblastine and tritiated thymidine treatment support this view. Combined treatment with the two agents produced no greater effect than when either agent was given separately. Since both agents have been shown to kill cells in cell cycle, presumably the surviving cells are not in rapid cell cycle.
Keep away from that 'tree,' folks!
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Two western New York boys found an unusual wildflower last summer and decided to pick it. They are not likely to forget that decision, because they have spent most of the weeks since then recovering from blisters on their hands, arms, and legs. The boys had encountered<i>Heracleum mantegazzianum</i>, a giant hogweed of the parsley family and a cousin to the cow parsnip.<i>Heracleum mantegazzianum</i>comes from Russia, but hardly with love—at least for most humans—and now is causing some of the same medical concern in New York State that it did in the coastal regions of Britain a decade ago. The weed is a giant, ranging from 3 to more than 4.5 m in height with leaves 1 m in length. Its presence has been documented in 12 central and western New York counties so far this year. Fall and winter weather have halted its spread for now, but
Medicare Peer Review Organization Preprocedure Review Criteria
Authors: Shirley E. Kellie
Journal: JAMA (1991)

The Medicare Peer Review Organization (PRO) program includes preprocedure review using explicit criteria to assess the appropriateness of specific procedures. This study evaluates the variability in the PRO preprocedure criteria for the three procedures most frequently reviewed by PROs: carotid endarterectomy, cataract removal, and cardiac pacemaker implants. In August 1989, the PRO review criteria were received from the Health Care Financing Administration. To provide a reference point for reviewing the PRO criteria, national practice guidelines for these three procedures were identified. Wide variability was demonstrated in the PRO procedure-specific carotid endarterectomy and cataract removal review criteria among PROs, and the criteria differed significantly from the identified practice guidelines. The criteria for cardiac pacemaker implants were somewhat less variable, and were based, to varying degrees, on practice guidelines developed by the American College of Cardiology (ACC). Greater attention is needed to improve the development of review criteria, including the use of relevant practice guidelines, to ensure that review criteria are optimal. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;265:1265-1270)
A Word of Caution Concerning Mammography
Authors: James F. Newsome
Journal: JAMA (1986)

THE IMPACT of mammography on the earlier detection, diagnosis, and management of breast cancer has been dramatic and undeniably positive. The American College of Radiology and the American Cancer Society have been unequivocal in outlining recommendations for the use of mammography as both a screening and a diagnostic tool.<sup>1,2</sup>By strongly recommending the use of mammography in evaluating breast symptoms, they have unwittingly created the impression that the absence of radiographic evidence of a malignant condition effectively excludes the presence of breast cancer. Despite the publication of false-negative rates and disclaimers that some radiologists have included in their mammographic reports stating that the lack of radiographic evidence of a malignant condition should not delay further investigation of a palpable mass, many physicians, and most patients, except those who have learned from experience, are surprised to discover that not all cancers are radiographically evident. Has mammography been oversold? The Pavlovian