tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Gone Too Soon: priorities for action to prevent premature mortality associated with mental illness and mental distress
Authors: Rory C O'Connor, Carol M Worthman, Marie Abanga, Nikoletta Athanassopoulou, Niall Boyce, Lai Fong Chan, Helen Christensen, Jayati Das-Munshi, James Downs, Karestan C Koenen, Christine Yu Moutier, Peter Templeton, Philip Batterham, Karen Brakspear, Richard G Frank, Simon Gilbody, Oye Gureje, David Henderson, Ann John, Wilbroad Kabagambe, Murad Khan, David Kessler, Olivia J Kirtley, Sarah Kline, Brandon Kohrt, Alisa K Lincoln, Crick Lund, Emily Mendenhall, Regina Miranda, Valeria Mondelli, Thomas Niederkrotenthaler, David Osborn, Jane Pirkis, Anthony R Pisani, Benny Prawira, Hala Rachidi, Soraya Seedat, Dan Siskind, Lakshmi Vijayakumar, Paul S F Yip
Journal: The Lancet Psychiatry (2023)
The emergence, impact, and evolution of human metapneumovirus variants from 2014 to 2021 in Spain
Authors: Maria Piñana, Alejandra González-Sánchez, Cristina Andrés, Michel Abanto, Jorgina Vila, Juliana Esperalba, Noelia Moral, Elena Espartosa, Narcís Saubi, Anna Creus, Maria Gema Codina, Dolores Folgueira, Jaime Martinez-Urtaza, Tomàs Pumarola, Andrés Antón
Journal: Journal of Infection (2023)

BackgroundHuman metapneumovirus (HMPV) is an important aetiologic agent of respiratory tract infection (RTI). This study aimed to describe the prevalence, genetic diversity, and evolutionary dynamics of HMPV.MethodsLaboratory-confirmed HMPV were characterised based on partial-coding G gene sequences with MEGA.v6.0. WGS was performed with Illumina, and evolutionary analyses with Datamonkey and Nextstrain.ResultsHMPV prevalence was 2.5%, peaking in February-April and with an alternation in the predominance of HMPV-A and –B until the emergence of SARS-CoV-2, not circulating until summer and autumn-winter 2021, with a higher prevalence and with the almost only circulation of A2c111dup. G and SH proteins were the most variable, and 70% of F protein was under negative selection. Mutation rate of HMPV genome was 6.95 × 10-4 substitutions/site/year.ConclusionHMPV showed a significant morbidity until the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in 2020, not circulating again until summer and autumn 2021, with a higher prevalence and with almost the only circulation of A2c111dup, probably due to a more efficient immune evasion mechanism. The F protein showed a very conserved nature, supporting the need for steric shielding. The tMRCA showed a recent emergence of the A2c variants carrying duplications, supporting the importance of virological surveillance.
Non-aqueous formulations in topical ocular drug delivery – A paradigm shift?
Authors: Priyanka Agarwal, Ilva D. Rupenthal
Journal: Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews (2023)

Topical eyedrop application is the preferred route for drug delivery to anterior segment tissues; however, the challenge of overcoming the eye's anatomical and physiological barriers while minimising tissue toxicity has restricted developments in this field. Aqueous vehicles have traditionally been used, which typically require several additives and preservatives to achieve physiologically compatible and sterile eyedrops, elevating their toxicity potential. Non-aqueous vehicles have been suggested as efficient alternatives for topical drug delivery as they can address many of the limitations associated with conventional aqueous eyedrops. However, despite their obvious advantages, non-aqueous eyedrops remain poorly researched and few non-aqueous formulations are currently available in the market. This review challenges the conventional hypothesis that aqueous solubility is a prerequisite to ocular drug absorption and establishes a rationale for using non-aqueous vehicles for ocular drug delivery. Recent advances in the field have been detailed and future research prospects have been explored, pointing towards a paradigm shift in eyedrop formulation in the near future.
Identification of cough-variant asthma phenotypes based on clinical and pathophysiologic data
Authors: Wenzhi Zhan, Feng Wu, Yunhui Zhang, Lin Lin, Wen Li, Wei Luo, Fang Yi, Yuanrong Dai, Suyun Li, Jiangtao Lin, Yadong Yuan, Chen Qiu, Yong Jiang, Limin Zhao, Meihua Chen, Zhongmin Qiu, Ruchong Chen, Jiaxing Xie, Chunxing Guo, Mei Jiang, Xiaohong Yang, Guochao Shi, Dejun Sun, Rongchang Chen, Nanshan Zhong, Huahao Shen, Kefang Lai
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2023)
Natural Chlorogenic Acid Planted Nanohybrids with Steerable Hyperthermia for Osteosarcoma Suppression and Bone Regeneration
Authors: Yu‐ying Yang, Yuan Zheng, Jun‐jin Liu, Zhuang‐peng Chang, Yue‐hua Wang, Yun‐yun Shao, Rui‐gang Hou, Xiao Zhang
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Surgical resection is the most common approach for the treatment of osteosarcoma. However, two major complications, including residual tumor cells and large bone defects, often arise from the surgical resection of osteosarcoma. Discovering new strategies for programmatically solving the two above-mentioned puzzles has become a worldwide challenge. Herein, a novel one-step strategy is reported for natural phenolic acid planted nanohybrids with desired physicochemical properties and steerable photothermal effects for efficacious osteosarcoma suppression and bone healing. Nanohybrids are prepared based on the self-assembly of chlorogenic acid and gold nanorods through robust Au-catechol interface actions, featuring precise nanostructures, great water solubility, good stability, and adjustable hyperthermia generating capacity. As expected, on the one hand, these integrated nanohybrids can severely trigger apoptosis and suppress tumor growth with strong hyperthermia. On the other hand, with controllable mild NIR irradiation, the nanohybrids promote the expression of heat shock proteins and induce prominent osteogenic differentiation. This work initiates a brand-new strategy for assisting osteosarcoma surgical excision to resolve the blockage of residual tumor cells elimination and bone regeneration.
A Large-Scale Exome-Wide Association Study Identifies Novel Germline Mutations in Lung Cancer
Authors: Sipeng Shen, Zaiming Li, Yunke Jiang, Weiwei Duan, Hongru Li, Sha Du, Manel Esteller, Hongbing Shen, Zhibin Hu, Yang Zhao, David C. Christiani, Feng Chen
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2023)

Genome-wide association studies have identified common variants of lung cancer. However, the contribution of rare exome-wide variants, especially protein-coding variants, to cancers remains largely unexplored.
From Laënnec’s Stethoscope to the Magic of Imaging, Big Data and Artificial Intelligence: A Timeline of Precision Medicine for Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Bartolome Celli
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2023)

"From Laennec's Stethoscope to the Magic of Imaging, Big Data and Artificial Intelligence: A Timeline of Precision Medicine for Patients with COPD ." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 0(ja), pp.
National Trends in Glucagon Prescriptions Among U.S. Adults With Diabetes and End-Stage Kidney Disease Treated by Dialysis: 2013–2017
Authors: Rodolfo J. Galindo, Shealeigh A. Inselman, Guillermo E. Umpierrez, Bobak Moazzami, Jair Munoz Mendoza, Mohammed K. Ali, Katherine R. Tuttle, Rozalina G. McCoy
Journal: Diabetes Care (2023)
Radioguided Occult Lesion Localization for Gynecologic Tumor Relapses
Authors: Vicente Bebia, Richard Mast, Diego Villasboas-Rosciolesi, Silvia Franco-Camps, María Asunción Pérez-Benavente, Antonio Gil-Moreno, Silvia Cabrera
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2023)

Purpose of the Report Excision of peritoneal or nodal isolated recurrences frequently involves performing a surgery on a previously operated area, which is more difficult to achieve with minimally invasive approaches. Our aim was to describe the technical aspects, feasibility, and complications derived from the application of the radioguided occult lesions localization (ROLL) in gynecologic oncology recurrence excision. Patients and Methods All consecutive patients bearing localized relapses of a gynecologic tumor that were considered candidates for surgical excision were assessed to undergo a ROLL procedure. Radiotracer ( 99m Tc-albumin macroaggregate) injection of the lesions was performed by ultrasonography or CT guidance. Relapses were localized using a gamma probe by minimally invasive surgery when located in the abdomen, or percutaneously when located in the groin. Intraoperative and early (up to postoperative day 30) complications were prospectively recorded. Results A total of 8 patients underwent the procedure. The median age was 59 years (range, 35–87 years). Four patients had abdominal relapses, whereas 4 patients presented groin relapses. The mean operative time was 120 minutes (range, 30–190 minutes), whereas the median estimated blood loss was 5 mL (range, 0–150 mL). All the targeted lesions were successfully removed. No intraoperative complications were reported. One postoperative complication (inguinal lymphocele) was recorded. Conclusions ROLL surgery constitutes a new approach for isolated recurrences in gynecological tumors.
COVID-19, Myocarditis and Pericarditis
Authors: DeLisa Fairweather, Danielle J. Beetler, Damian N. Di Florio, Nicolas Musigk, Bettina Heidecker, Leslie T. Cooper
Journal: Circulation Research (2023)

Viral infections are a leading cause of myocarditis and pericarditis worldwide, conditions that frequently coexist. Myocarditis and pericarditis were some of the early comorbidities associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19. Many epidemiologic studies have been conducted since that time concluding that SARS-CoV-2 increased the incidence of myocarditis/pericarditis at least 15× over pre-COVID levels although the condition remains rare. The incidence of myocarditis pre-COVID was reported at 1 to 10 cases/100 000 individuals and with COVID ranging from 150 to 4000 cases/100 000 individuals. Before COVID-19, some vaccines were reported to cause myocarditis and pericarditis in rare cases, but the use of novel mRNA platforms led to a higher number of reported cases than with previous platforms providing new insight into potential pathogenic mechanisms. The incidence of COVID-19 vaccine-associated myocarditis/pericarditis covers a large range depending on the vaccine platform, age, and sex examined. Importantly, the findings highlight that myocarditis occurs predominantly in male patients aged 12 to 40 years regardless of whether the cause was due to a virus-like SARS-CoV-2 or associated with a vaccine-a demographic that has been reported before COVID-19. This review discusses findings from COVID-19 and COVID-19 vaccine-associated myocarditis and pericarditis considering the known symptoms, diagnosis, management, treatment, and pathogenesis of disease that has been gleaned from clinical research and animal models. Sex differences in the immune response to COVID-19 are discussed, and theories for how mRNA vaccines could lead to myocarditis/pericarditis are proposed. Additionally, gaps in our understanding that need further research are raised.
18F-FDG PET/CT of Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma of Prostate in a 17-Year-Old Boy
Authors: Deepanksha Datta, Rajesh Kumar, Nitish Chavan, Shruti Vaswani, Aasma Nalwa
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2023)

Rhabdomyosarcoma of the prostate is a rare malignancy that usually presents in childhood and adolescence with symptoms of bladder outlet obstruction. Serum prostate-specific antigen is usually normal, and 18 F-FDG PET/CT has a crucial role to rule out distant metastases. We present a case of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma of the prostate in a 17-year-old boy.
Vaccination-Associated Myocarditis and Myocardial Injury
Authors: Natasha L. Altman, Amber A. Berning, Sarah C. Mann, Robert A. Quaife, Edward A. Gill, Scott R. Auerbach, Thomas B. Campbell, Michael R. Bristow
Journal: Circulation Research (2023)

SARS-CoV-2 vaccine–associated myocarditis/myocardial injury should be evaluated in the contexts of COVID-19 infection, other types of viral myocarditis, and other vaccine-associated cardiac disorders. COVID-19 vaccine–associated myocardial injury can be caused by an inflammatory immune cell infiltrate, but other etiologies such as microvascular thrombosis are also possible. The clinical diagnosis is typically based on symptoms and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Endomyocardial biopsy is confirmatory for myocarditis, but may not show an inflammatory infiltrate because of rapid resolution or a non-inflammatory etiology. Myocarditis associated with SARS-COVID-19 vaccines occurs primarily with mRNA platform vaccines, which are also the most effective. In persons aged &gt;16 or &gt;12 years the myocarditis estimated crude incidences after the first 2 doses of BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 are approximately 1.9 and 3.5 per 100 000 individuals, respectively. These rates equate to excess incidences above control populations of approximately 1.2 (BNT162b2) and 1.9 (mRNA-1273) per 100 000 persons, which are lower than the myocarditis rate for smallpox but higher than that for influenza vaccines. In the studies that have included mRNA vaccine and SARS-COVID-19 myocarditis measured by the same methodology, the incidence rate was increased by 3.5-fold over control in COVID-19 compared with 1.5-fold for BNT162b2 and 6.2-fold for mRNA-1273. However, mortality and major morbidity are less and recovery is faster with mRNA vaccine–associated myocarditis compared to COVID-19 infection. The reasons for this include vaccine-associated myocarditis having a higher incidence in young adults and adolescents, typically no involvement of other organs in vaccine-associated myocarditis, and based on comparisons to non-COVID viral myocarditis an inherently more benign clinical course.
A New Radiopharmaceutical 225Ac-DOTA-IBA in the Treatment of a Case of Bone Metastases
Authors: Tingting Xu, Gengcuo Qu, Guangfu Liu, Li Wang, Yue Chen
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2023)

Abstract α-Emitter 225 Ac has been considered a candidate for targeted α-therapy. DOTA-IBA is new a precursor targeting bone metastasis. It can be used for radionuclide labeling with 225 Ac. We present a case with refractory bone pain for bone metastasis, who demonstrated an excellent therapy response after 1 cycle of 225 Ac-DOTA-IBA therapy. Moreover, the patient did not have any observable adverse effects.
Pulmonary Embolism Detected by Bone Scintigraphy in a Patient With Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Konstantin Messerschmidt, Robin Witt, Lucas Krischer, Osama Sabri, Swen Hesse
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2023)

A 99m Tc-DPD bone scintigraphy with SPECT/CT was performed in a 64-year-old woman with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma to exclude osseous metastases. The images demonstrated central focal tracer uptake in the left lung without any visible morphological correlate in the low-dose CT scan. For further clarification, a contrast-enhanced CT scan was carried out, which revealed a subsegmental pulmonary artery embolism in the left lower lobe. Subsequently, the patient was therapeutically anticoagulated. This case highlights the importance of clarifying focal pulmonary uptake in order not to overlook concomitant diseases.
68Ga-FAPI PET/CT Imaging of the Pancreas in a Patient With Fulminant Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Seon-Young Park, Jahae Kim, Jin Ook Chung, Kangbin Kim, Dong Jin Chung
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2023)

Abstract Fulminant type 1 diabetes is a recently recognized diabetes subtype characterized by extremely rapid destruction of the pancreatic beta cells, leading to an absolute deficiency in insulin secretion. Fulminant type 1 diabetes is clinically characterized by the drastic onset of hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis within a few days, as well as near-normal glycated hemoglobin (HbA 1c ) levels despite remarkable hyperglycemia at initial presentation. A 41-year-old woman diagnosed with fulminant type 1 diabetes underwent 68 Ga-FAPI PET/CT, which showed intense FAPI uptake throughout the pancreas, especially in the pancreatic tail. Contrast-enhanced abdominal CT failed to reveal any pancreatic abnormalities. This case indicated that 68 Ga-FAPI PET/CT might be useful for evaluating patients with fulminant type 1 diabetes.
Microfluidic Organ-Chips and Stem Cell Models in the Fight Against COVID-19
Authors: Sandro Satta, Sarah J. Rockwood, Kaidong Wang, Shaolei Wang, Maedeh Mozneb, Madelyn Arzt, Tzung K. Hsiai, Arun Sharma
Journal: Circulation Research (2023)

SARS-CoV-2, the virus underlying COVID-19, has now been recognized to cause multiorgan disease with a systemic effect on the host. To effectively combat SARS-CoV-2 and the subsequent development of COVID-19, it is critical to detect, monitor, and model viral pathogenesis. In this review, we discuss recent advancements in microfluidics, organ-on-a-chip, and human stem cell-derived models to study SARS-CoV-2 infection in the physiological organ microenvironment, together with their limitations. Microfluidic-based detection methods have greatly enhanced the rapidity, accessibility, and sensitivity of viral detection from patient samples. Engineered organ-on-a-chip models that recapitulate in vivo physiology have been developed for many organ systems to study viral pathology. Human stem cell-derived models have been utilized not only to model viral tropism and pathogenesis in a physiologically relevant context but also to screen for effective therapeutic compounds. The combination of all these platforms, along with future advancements, may aid to identify potential targets and develop novel strategies to counteract COVID-19 pathogenesis.
Utility of 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT in Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma Compared With 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Caner Civan, Emine Goknur Isik, Duygu Has Simsek, Fikret Buyukkaya, Serkan Kuyumcu
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2023)

68 Ga-fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) PET/CT is an emerging imaging modality with high sensitivity and high tumor-to-background ratio in various cancers including in the head and neck regions. The authors present 2 cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma who underwent 68 Ga-FAPI-04 and 18 F-FDG PET/CT. Locoregional recurrence has been detected more precisely in the first case with 68 Ga-FAPI-04. In the second case, 68 Ga-FAPI-04 outperformed 18 F-FDG in the number of lesions and demonstrated intense FAP uptake on widespread metastases, which could provide a treatment option as a theranostic concept. These cases highlight that 68 Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT may be useful for detecting local recurrence and metastases and help select patients for radionuclide treatments targeting cancer-associated fibroblasts.
Impact of CXCR4-Directed PET/CT on Staging and Proposed Oncologic Management in Patients With Digestive System Tumors
Authors: Alexander Weich, Sebastian E. Serfling, Wiebke Schlötelburg, Takahiro Higuchi, Philipp E. Hartrampf, Andreas Schirbel, Marieke Heinrich, Andreas K. Buck, Steven P. Rowe, Aleksander Kosmala, Rudolf A. Werner
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2023)

Purpose To elucidate the influence of CXC motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4)–directed imaging on staging and proposed oncologic management in patients with digestive system tumors compared with guideline-appropriate imaging (GAI). Methods From our PET/CT database, we retrospectively identified 37 patients with advanced digestive system tumors, which had been scheduled for CXCR4-targeted [ 68 Ga]Ga-pentixafor PET/CT for potential theranostic considerations. In all subjects, concurrent GAI was also available. Patients were afflicted with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (21/37 [56.8%]), pancreatic duct adenocarcinoma (6/37 [16.2%]), cholangiocarcinoma (5/37 [13.5%]), hepatocellular carcinoma (4/37 [10.8%]), and colorectal carcinoma (1/37 [2.7%]). Staging results and impact on proposed oncologic management by a board-certified gastroenterologist were compared between GAI and [ 68 Ga]Ga-pentixafor PET/CT. Results Relative to GAI, CXCR4-directed PET/CT resulted in staging changes in 14 of 37 patients (37.8%). Upstaging was seen in 1 of 14 patients (7.1%), whereas downstaging was recorded in the remaining 13 of 14 patients (92.9%). Among those, staging changes would not have triggered any changes in oncological management in 4 of 14 (28.6%). For the remaining 10 of 14 patients (71.4%), however, findings on [ 68 Ga]Ga-pentixafor PET/CT would have impacted subsequent clinical algorithm, including the necessity for further diagnostic steps or failure to initiate antitumor therapy. Conclusion [ 68 Ga]Ga-pentixafor PET/CT missed tumor lesions in 13 patients with digestive system tumors, which would have led to inappropriate downstaging and clinical treatment of 10 patients. As such, our results do not support a more widespread use of [ 68 Ga]Ga-pentixafor PET/CT for clinical staging in those tumor entities.
Multimodality Cardiac Imaging in COVID
Authors: S. Neil Holby, Tadarro Lee Richardson, J. Lukas Laws, Thomas A. McLaren, Jonathan H. Soslow, Michael T. Baker, Jeffrey M. Dendy, Daniel E. Clark, Sean G. Hughes
Journal: Circulation Research (2023)

Infection with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID, is associated with numerous potential secondary complications. Global efforts have been dedicated to understanding the myriad potential cardiovascular sequelae which may occur during acute infection, convalescence, or recovery. Because patients often present with nonspecific symptoms and laboratory findings, cardiac imaging has emerged as an important tool for the discrimination of pulmonary and cardiovascular complications of this disease. The clinician investigating a potential COVID-related complication must account not only for the relative utility of various cardiac imaging modalities but also for the risk of infectious exposure to staff and other patients. Extraordinary clinical and scholarly efforts have brought the international medical community closer to a consensus on the appropriate indications for diagnostic cardiac imaging during this protracted pandemic. In this review, we summarize the existing literature and reference major societal guidelines to provide an overview of the indications and utility of echocardiography, nuclear imaging, cardiac computed tomography, and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging for the diagnosis of cardiovascular complications of COVID.
Subcutaneous and Muscle Metastases From Rectal Adenocarcinoma on 18F-FDG PET/CT Imaging
Authors: Hongyan Yin, Haojun Yu, Hongcheng Shi
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2023)

A 50-year-old man with T4 N2 M1 poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the rectum underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy, surgical resection, and subsequent chemotherapy. Six months after surgery, routine follow-up CT revealed the presence of abdominal wall subcutaneous nodules associated with bilateral pulmonary and renal nodules, indicating metastases. Further 18 F-FDG PET/CT scan revealed a high number of subcutaneous and muscle metastases. Metastasis of rectal adenocarcinoma to subcutaneous tissue or skeletal muscle is considered rare.
Testicular Metastasis From Prostate Cancer Demonstrated on PSMA PET/CT
Authors: Tatiana Mamaliga, Jose Antonio Obando, Yiyan Liu
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2023)

Testicular metastasis from prostate cancer is rarely reported in radiology literature. We present the case of an 84-year old man with history of prostate cancer, who obtained an 18 F-Pylarify PET/CT for biochemical recurrence, with an incidentally detected prostate-specific membrane antigen-avid large right testicular mass. The 18 F-Pylarify PET/CT showed no evidence of local prostate tumor recurrence in the prostate bed, but demonstrated small right common and external lymph node metastases in addition to the incidentally noted large right testicular mass. The patient underwent orchiectomy with subsequent histopathologic examination confirming metastasis from prostate cancer.