tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Peanut allergen inhibition prevents anaphylaxis in a humanized mouse model
Authors: Nada S. Alakhras, Jaeho Shin, Scott A. Smith, Anthony L. Sinn, Wenwu Zhang, Gyoyeon Hwang, Jenna Sjoerdsma, Emily K. Bromley, Karen E. Pollok, Basar Bilgicer, Mark H. Kaplan
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2023)

Peanut-induced allergy is an immunoglobulin E (IgE)–mediated type I hypersensitivity reaction that manifests symptoms ranging from local edema to life-threatening anaphylaxis. Although there are treatments for symptoms in patients with allergies resulting from allergen exposure, there are few preventive therapies other than strict dietary avoidance or oral immunotherapy, neither of which are successful in all patients. We have previously designed a covalent heterobivalent inhibitor (cHBI) that binds in an allergen-specific manner as a preventive for allergic reactions. Building on previous in vitro testing, here, we developed a humanized mouse model to test cHBI efficacy in vivo. Nonobese diabetic–severe combined immunodeficient γc-deficient mice expressing transgenes for human stem cell factor, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and interleukin-3 developed mature functional human mast cells in multiple tissues and displayed robust anaphylactic reactions when passively sensitized with patient-derived IgE monoclonal antibodies specific for peanut Arachis hypogaea 2 (Ara h 2). The allergic response in humanized mice was IgE dose dependent and was mediated by human mast cells. Using this humanized mouse model, we showed that cHBI prevented allergic reactions for more than 2 weeks when administered before allergen exposure. cHBI also prevented fatal anaphylaxis and attenuated allergic reactions when administered shortly after the onset of symptoms. cHBI impaired mast cell degranulation in vivo in an allergen-specific manner. cHBI rescued the mice from lethal anaphylactic responses during oral Ara h 2 allergen–induced anaphylaxis. Together, these findings suggest that cHBI has the potential to be an effective preventative for peanut-specific allergic responses in patients.
Immunotoxin-αCD40 therapy activates innate and adaptive immunity and generates a durable antitumor response in glioblastoma models
Authors: Scott Parker, Charlotte McDowall, Luis Sanchez-Perez, Cristina Osorio, Patrick C. Duncker, Aaron Briley, Adam M. Swartz, James E. Herndon, Yen-Rei A. Yu, Roger E. McLendon, Thomas F. Tedder, Annick Desjardins, David M. Ashley, Michael Dee Gunn, David S. Enterline, David A. Knorr, Ira H. Pastan, Smita K. Nair, Darell D. Bigner, Vidyalakshmi Chandramohan
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2023)

D2C7-immunotoxin (IT), a dual-specific IT targeting wild-type epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and mutant EGFR variant III (EGFRvIII) proteins, demonstrates encouraging survival outcomes in a subset of patients with glioblastoma. We hypothesized that immunosuppression in glioblastoma limits D2C7-IT efficacy. To improve the response rate and reverse immunosuppression, we combined D2C7-IT tumor cell killing with αCD40 costimulation of antigen-presenting cells. In murine glioma models, a single intratumoral injection of D2C7-IT+αCD40 treatment activated a proinflammatory phenotype in microglia and macrophages, promoted long-term tumor-specific CD8 + T cell immunity, and generated cures. D2C7-IT+αCD40 treatment increased intratumoral Slamf6 + CD8 + T cells with a progenitor phenotype and decreased terminally exhausted CD8 + T cells. D2C7-IT+αCD40 treatment stimulated intratumoral CD8 + T cell proliferation and generated cures in glioma-bearing mice despite FTY720-induced peripheral T cell sequestration. Tumor transcriptome profiling established CD40 up-regulation, pattern recognition receptor, cell senescence, and immune response pathway activation as the drivers of D2C7-IT+αCD40 antitumor responses. To determine potential translation, immunohistochemistry staining confirmed CD40 expression in human GBM tissue sections. These promising preclinical data allowed us to initiate a phase 1 study with D2C7-IT+αhCD40 in patients with malignant glioma (NCT04547777) to further evaluate this treatment in humans.
Trouble Paying Medical Bills Trends Down in US
Authors: Emily Harris
Journal: JAMA (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Healthful Lifestyle May Slow Memory Loss, Even for <i>APOE</i> Gene Carriers
Authors: Emily Harris
Journal: JAMA (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Anti-merozoite antibodies induce natural killer cell effector function and are associated with immunity against malaria
Authors: Dennis O. Odera, James Tuju, Kennedy Mwai, Irene N. Nkumama, Kristin Fürle, Timothy Chege, Rinter Kimathi, Stefan Diehl, Fauzia K. Musasia, Micha Rosenkranz, Patricia Njuguna, Mainga Hamaluba, Melissa C. Kapulu, Roland Frank, Faith H. A. Osier, Abdirahman I. Abdi, Primus Che Chi, Zaydah de Laurent, Irene Jao, Dorcas Kamuya, Gathoni Kamuyu, Johnstone Makale, Linda Murungi, Jennifer Musyoki, Michelle Muthui, Jedidah Mwacharo, Silvia Kariuki, Daniel Mwanga, Joyce Mwongeli, Francis Ndungu, Maureen Njue, George Nyangweso, Domitila Kimani, Joyce M. Ngoi, Janet Musembi, Omar Ngoto, Edward Otieno, Michael Ooko, Jimmy Shangala, Juliana Wambua, Khadija Said Mohammed, Donwilliams Omuoyo, Moses Mosobo, Nelson Kibinge, Sam Kinyanjui, Philip Bejon, Brett Lowe, Kevin Marsh, Vicki Marsh, Yonas Abebe, Peter F. Billingsley, Betty Kim Lee Sim, Stephen L. Hoffman, Eric R. James, Thomas L. Richie, Agnes Audi, Fredrick Olewe, James Oloo, John Ongecha, Martin O. Ongas, Nelly Koskei, Peter C. Bull, Susanne H. Hodgson, Cheryl Kivisi, Mallika Imwong, Sean C. Murphy, Bernhards Ogutu, Joel Tarning, Markus Winterberg, Thomas N. Williams
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2023)

Natural killer (NK) cells are potent immune effectors that can be activated via antibody-mediated Fc receptor engagement. Using multiparameter flow cytometry, we found that NK cells degranulate and release IFN-γ upon stimulation with antibody-opsonized
Hepatocytes demarcated by EphB2 contribute to the progression of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Authors: Yang Xiao, Kirill Batmanov, Wenxiang Hu, Kun Zhu, Alexander Y. Tom, Dongyin Guan, Chunjie Jiang, Lan Cheng, Sam J. McCright, Eric C. Yang, Matthew R. Lanza, Yifan Liu, David A. Hill, Mitchell A. Lazar
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2023)

Current therapeutic strategies for treating nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) have failed to alleviate liver fibrosis, which is a devastating feature leading to hepatic dysfunction. Here, we integrated single-nucleus transcriptomics and epigenomics to characterize all major liver cell types during NASH development in mice and humans. The bifurcation of hepatocyte trajectory with NASH progression was conserved between mice and humans. At the nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) stage, hepatocytes exhibited metabolic adaptation, whereas at the NASH stage, a subset of hepatocytes was enriched for the signatures of cell adhesion and migration, which were mainly demarcated by receptor tyrosine kinase ephrin type B receptor 2 (EphB2). EphB2, acting as a downstream effector of Notch signaling in hepatocytes, was sufficient to induce cell-autonomous inflammation. Knockdown of Ephb2 in hepatocytes ameliorated inflammation and fibrosis in a mouse model of NASH. Thus, EphB2-expressing hepatocytes contribute to NASH progression and may serve as a potential therapeutic target.
How Alcohol Flushing Gene Variant May Raise Heart Disease Risk
Authors: Emily Harris
Journal: JAMA (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Second-Line Myocardial Perfusion Imaging to Detect Obstructive Stenosis
Authors: Laust Dupont Rasmussen, Simon Winther, Ashkan Eftekhari, Salma Raghad Karim, Jelmer Westra, Christin Isaksen, Lau Brix, June Anita Ejlersen, Theodore Murphy, Xenios Milidonis, Mette Nyegaard, Mitchel Benovoy, Jane Kirk Johansen, Hanne Maare Søndergaard, Osama Hammid, Jesper Mortensen, Lars Lyhne Knudsen, Lars Christian Gormsen, Evald Høj Christiansen, Amedeo Chiribiri, Steffen E. Petersen, Morten Böttcher
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2023)
Sex-Specific Stress Perfusion Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Suspected Ischemic Heart Disease
Authors: Bobak Heydari, Yin Ge, Panagiotis Antiochos, Sabeeh Islam, Kevin Steel, Scott Bingham, Shuaib Abdullah, J. Ronald Mikolich, Andrew E. Arai, W. Patricia Bandettini, Amit R. Patel, Sujata M. Shanbhag, Afshin Farzaneh-Far, John F. Heitner, Chetan Shenoy, Steve W. Leung, Jorge A. Gonzalez, Subha V. Raman, Victor A. Ferrari, Dipan J. Shah, Jeanette Schulz-Menger, Matthias Stuber, Orlando P. Simonetti, Raymond Y. Kwong
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2023)
Global, Regional, and National Burdens of Blindness and Vision Loss in Children and Adolescents from 1990 to 2019
Authors: Lei Liu, Jinghua Jiao, Xiaohong Yang, Jie Zhang, Honghua Yu, Cong Li, Leilei Pan, Bing Ma, Hao Sun, Jing Zhang, Yongze Li
Journal: Ophthalmology (2023)
Managing Patients With Moderate Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Jan Stassen, See Hooi Ewe, Stephan M. Pio, Philippe Pibarot, Bjorn Redfors, Jonathon Leipsic, Philippe Genereux, Nicolas M. Van Mieghem, Jurrien H. Kuneman, Raj Makkar, Rebecca T. Hahn, David Playford, Nina Ajmone Marsan, Victoria Delgado, Ori Ben-Yehuda, Martin B. Leon, Jeroen J. Bax
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2023)
Too Little of a Good Thing
Authors: Stephen J. Foulkes, Erin J. Howden, Hayley T. Dillon, Kristel Janssens, Rhys Beaudry, Amy M. Mitchell, Anniina Lindqvist, Imogen Wallace, Leah Wright, Benedict T. Costello, Guido Claessen, Mark J. Haykowsky, André La Gerche
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2023)
Right Heart Remodeling Assessed by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging Following Transcatheter Tricuspid Valve Annuloplasty
Authors: Muhammed Gerçek, Fabian Roder, Kai P. Friedrichs, Maria Ivannikova, Arseniy Goncharov, Vera Fortmeier, Jan Eckstein, Hermann Körperich, Andreas Peterschröder, Wolfgang Burchert, Volker Rudolph, Tanja K. Rudolph, Misagh Piran
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2023)
Deep-Learning for Epicardial Adipose Tissue Assessment With Computed Tomography
Authors: Henry W. West, Muhammad Siddique, Michelle C. Williams, Lucrezia Volpe, Ria Desai, Maria Lyasheva, Sheena Thomas, Katerina Dangas, Christos P. Kotanidis, Pete Tomlins, Ciara Mahon, Attila Kardos, David Adlam, John Graby, Jonathan C.L. Rodrigues, Cheerag Shirodaria, John Deanfield, Nehal N. Mehta, Stefan Neubauer, Keith M. Channon, Milind Y. Desai, Edward D. Nicol, David E. Newby, Charalambos Antoniades
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2023)

Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) volume is a marker of visceral obesity that can be measured in coronary computed tomography angiograms (CCTA). The clinical value of integrating this measurement in routine CCTA interpretation has not been documented.
SARS-CoV-2 infection of thymus induces loss of function that correlates with disease severity
Authors: Marco Rosichini, Veronica Bordoni, Domenico Alessandro Silvestris, Davide Mariotti, Giulia Matusali, Antonella Cardinale, Giovanna Zambruno, Angelo Giuseppe Condorelli, Sara Flamini, Shirley Genah, Marialuigia Catanoso, Franca Del Nonno, Matteo Trezzi, Lorenzo Galletti, Cristiano De Stefanis, Nicolò Cicolani, Stefania Petrini, Concetta Quintarelli, Chiara Agrati, Franco Locatelli, Enrico Velardi
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2023)
Machine Learning to Optimize the Echocardiographic Follow-Up of Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Antonio Sánchez-Puente, P. Ignacio Dorado-Díaz, Jesús Sampedro-Gómez, Javier Bermejo, Pablo Martinez-Legazpi, Francisco Fernández-Avilés, Javier Sánchez-González, Candelas Pérez del Villar, Víctor Vicente-Palacios, Pedro L. Sanchez
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2023)
Errors in Text and Figures
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2023)

Writing Group for the CODA Collaborative; Mohamad Abouzeid; Hasan B. Alam; Hikmatullah Arif; Karla Ballman; Robert Bennion; Karla Bernardi; Debra Burris; Damien Carter; Patricia Chee; Formosa Chen; Bruce Chung; Sunday Clark; Randall Cooper; Joseph Cuschieri; Kimberly Deeney; Naila Dhanani; Thomas Diflo; F. Thurston Drake; Cathy Fairfield; Farhood Farjah; Lisa Ferrigno; Katherine Fischkoff; Ross Fleischman; Careen Foster; Terilee Gerry; Melinda Gibbons; Mary Guiden; Nathan Haas; Lillian Adrianna Hayes; Alyssa Hayward; Laura Hennessey; Miriam Hernandez; Karen F. Horvath; Erin C. Howell; Cindy Hsu; Jeffrey Johnson; Billie Johnsson; Dennis Kim; Daniel Kim; Tien C. Ko; Danielle C. Lavallee; Debbie Lew; Joseph Mack; David MacKenzie; Jason Maggi; Stephanie Marquez; Ryan Martinez; Karen McGrane; Marcovalerio Melis; Karen Miller; Debbie Mireles; Gregory J. Moran; Dayna Morgan; Arden Morris; Kelly M. Moser; Lauren Mount; Kathleen O'Connor; Stephen R. Odom; Oscar Olavarria; Norman Olbrich; Scott Osborn; Olga Owens; Pauline Park; Zoe Parr; Charles S. Parsons; Kavitha Pathmarajah; Deepti Patki; Joe H. Patton; Rebekah K. Peacock; Kristyn Pierce; Kelsey Pullar; Brant Putnam; Amy Rushing; Amber Sabbatini; Darin Saltzman; Matthew Salzberg; Shaina Schaetzel; Paul J Schmidt; Paresh Shah; Nathan I. Shapiro; Prashant Sinha; Dionne Skeete; Elliott Skopin; Vance Sohn; Lara H. Spence; Steven Steinberg; Aleksandr Tichter; John Tschirhart; Brandon Tudor; Lisandra Uribe; Heather VanDusen; Julie Wallick; Meridith Weiss; Sean Wells; Abigail Wiebusch; Estell J. Williams; Robert J. Winchell; Jon Wisler; Bruce Wolfe; Erika Wolff; Donald M. Yealy; Julianna Yu; Irene Y. Zhang, MD; Emily C. Voldal, BA; Giana H. Davidson, MD, MPH; Joshua M. Liao, MD, MSc; Callie M. Thompson, MD; Wesley H. Self, MD, MPH; Lillian S. Kao, MD; Jill Cherry-Bukowiec, MD, MS; Krishnan Raghavendran, MD; Amy H. Kaji, MD, PhD; Daniel A. DeUgarte, MD; Eva Gonzalez, BA; Katherine A. Mandell, MD, MPH; Kristen Ohe, MD; Nicole Siparsky, MD; Thea P. Price, MD; David C. Evans, MD; Jesse Victory, DO; William Chiang, MD; Alan Jones, MD; Matthew E. Kutcher, MD; Hailie Ciomperlik, BS; Mike K. Liang, MD; Heather L. Evans, MD; Brett A. Faine, PharmD, MS; Miriam Neufeld, MD, MPH; Sabrina E. Sanchez, MD, MPH; Anusha Krishnadasan, PhD; Bryan A. Comstock, MS; Patrick J. Heagerty, PhD; Sarah O. Lawrence, MA; Sarah E. Monsell, MS; Erin E. C. Fannon, BA; Larry G. Kessler, ScD; David A. Talan, MD; David R. Flum, MD, MPH
Test performance metrics for breast, cervical, colon, and lung cancer screening: a systematic review
Authors: Kevin Selby, Mai Sedki, Emma Levine, Aruna Kamineni, Beverly B Green, Anil Vachani, Jennifer S Haas, Debra P Ritzwoller, Jennifer M Croswell, Kabiru Ohikere, V Paul Doria-Rose, Katharine A Rendle, Jessica Chubak, Jennifer Elston Lafata, John Inadomi, Douglas A Corley
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2023)

Abstract Background Multiple quality metrics have been recommended to ensure consistent, high-quality execution of screening tests for breast, cervical, colorectal, and lung cancers. However, minimal data exist evaluating the evidence base supporting these recommendations and the consistency of definitions and concepts included within and between cancer types. Methods We performed a systematic review for each cancer type using MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) from 2010 to April 2020 to identify guidelines from screening programs or professional organizations containing quality metrics for tests used in breast, cervical, colorectal, and lung cancer screening. We abstracted metrics’ definitions, target performance levels, and related supporting evidence for test completeness, adequacy (sufficient visualization or collection), accuracy, and safety. Results We identified 11 relevant guidelines with 20 suggested quality metrics for breast cancer, 5 guidelines with 9 metrics for cervical cancer, 13 guidelines with 18 metrics for colorectal cancer (CRC), and 3 guidelines with 7 metrics for lung cancer. These included 54 metrics related to adequacy (n = 6), test completeness (n = 3), accuracy (n = 33), and safety (n = 12). Target performance levels were defined for 30 metrics (56%). Ten (19%) were supported by evidence, all from breast and CRC, with no evidence cited to support metrics from cervical and lung cancer screening. Conclusions Considerably more guideline-recommended test performance metrics exist for breast and CRC screening than cervical or lung cancer. The domains covered are inconsistent among cancers, and few targets are supported by evidence. Clearer evidence-based domains and targets are needed for test performance metrics. Registration PROSPERO 2020 CRD42020179139
Risk of Infection in Children With Psoriasis Receiving Treatment With Ustekinumab, Etanercept, or Methotrexate Before and After Labeling Expansion
Authors: Maria C. Schneeweiss, Timothy J. Savage, Richard Wyss, Yinzhu Jin, Katharina Schoder, Joseph F. Merola, Robert Sidbury, Theresa Oduol, Sebastian Schneeweiss, Robert J. Glynn
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2023)

Importance Psoriasis in children is increasingly treated with systemic medications, yet their risk of serious infection is not well characterized in clinical practice. Pediatric clinical trials for these medications were often small and placebo controlled. Objective To estimate the 6-month rate of infections among children with psoriasis who started treatment with ustekinumab, etanercept, or methotrexate. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study used insurance claims data from clinical practices across the US on children aged 17 years or younger with psoriasis who were receiving treatment with a topical medication for psoriasis and started new treatment with ustekinumab, etanercept, or methotrexate. The analysis was stratified by the time before pediatric labeling (2009-2015) and after pediatric approval (2016-2021). Patient follow-up started 1 day after initiating treatment and ended at 6 months. Exposures New treatment with ustekinumab, etanercept, and methotrexate. Main Outcomes and Measures During follow-up, the frequency of inpatient serious infections and outpatient infections requiring treatment was compared. Event rates and rate ratios were estimated after propensity score decile stratification. Results After exclusions, we identified 2338 patients (1368 girls [57.8%]) who initiated new treatment with a targeted immunomodulating agent. In all, 379 patients started treatment with ustekinumab, 779 patients started treatment with etanercept, and 1180 patients started treatment with methotrexate from 2009 through 2021. The propensity score–adjusted incidence rate of serious infection was 18.4 per 1000 person-years (3 events) for ustekinumab users, 25.6 per 1000 person-years (9 events) for etanercept users, and 14.9 per 1000 person-years (8 events) for methotrexate users. The adjusted rate of outpatient infections was 254.9 per 1000 person-years (39 events) for ustekinumab users, 435.7 per 1000 person-years (139 events) for etanercept users, and 433.6 per 1000 person-years (209 events) for methotrexate users. The adjusted rate ratio of outpatient infections was 0.58 (95% CI, 0.41-0.83) for ustekinumab vs etanercept, 0.66 (95% CI, 0.48-0.91) for ustekinumab vs methotrexate, and 0.95 (95% CI, 0.75-1.21) for etanercept vs methotrexate. Rate ratios were similar during the off-label use era and after pediatric labeling. Conclusions and Relevance Among children with psoriasis who started treatment with immunomodulating agents, serious infections were infrequent. This cohort study suggests that there was no increase in the risk of outpatient infections for children who started treatment with ustekinumab compared with etanercept or methotrexate.
Association of Left Atrial Strain With Ischemic Stroke Risk in Older Adults
Authors: Carlo Mannina, Kazato Ito, Zhezhen Jin, Yuriko Yoshida, Kenji Matsumoto, Sofia Shames, Cesare Russo, Mitchell S. V. Elkind, Tatjana Rundek, Mitsuhiro Yoshita, Charles DeCarli, Clinton B. Wright, Shunichi Homma, Ralph L. Sacco, Marco R. Di Tullio
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2023)

The risk of ischemic stroke is higher among patients with left atrial (LA) enlargement. Left atrial strain (LAε) and LA strain rate (LASR) may indicate LA dysfunction when LA volumes are still normal. The association of LAε with incident ischemic stroke in the general population is not well established.