tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Carboplatin plus paclitaxel (CP) versus carboplatin plus stealth liposomal doxorubicin (CLD) in patients with advanced ovarian cancer (AOC): Activity and safety results of the MITO-2 randomized multicenter trial
Authors: S. Pignata, G. Scambia, A. Savarese, R. Sorio, E. Breda, G. Ferrandina, V. Gebbia, P. Musso, C. Gallo, F. Perrone
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

LBA5508 Background: CP is standard first-line chemotherapy for AOC. MITO-2 (Multicentre Italian Trials in Ovarian Cancer) is an academic randomized phase III study testing whether CLD is more effective than CP. Methods: AOC patients (pts), stage IC-IV, aged≤75, ECOG PS≤2, were randomized to CP (C AUC5 + P 175 mg/m 2 ,d1q21) or to CLD (C AUC5 + LD 30 mg/m 2 ,d1q21), both for 6 cycles. Primary endpoint is progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints are overall survival, objective response rate (ORR), toxicity and quality of life. To have 80% power in detecting a 0.80 HR in PFS, with 2-sided α error 0.05, 632 events are needed and 820 pts were planned. Activity was evaluated according to RECIST, toxicity according to NCI-CTC. Activity analysis was not blinded and no confirmation of response was required. Results: From January 2003 to November 2007, 820 pts were randomized, 410 to each arm. Median age was 57 yrs (range 21–77). Stage III (60%) and IV (22%) were prevalent. As of March 30, 2009, with a median follow-up of 35 months, 530 events for PFS and 269 deaths have been recorded. Six cycles were received by 86% and 80% of pts, with CP and CLD respectively. With complete data for 97% of pts, 290 pts were eligible for activity analysis (≥1 target lesion). ORR was 59% with CP and 57% with CLD (p=0.70). In 182 pts with non-target lesions only, complete response was 33% with CP and 29% with CLD (p=0.64). In 168 pts with elevated CA-125 only, CA-125 normalization was obtained in 83% with CP and 86% with CLD (p=0.56). Toxicity data are complete for 97% of pts. Statistically significant differences in haematological toxicity (CP vs CLD) were: anemia all grades 59% vs 68%, grade (G) 3–4 4% vs 10%; thrombocytopenia all grades 19% vs 48%, G3–4 2% vs 16%. Statistically significant differences in non haematological toxicity were: hair loss 63% vs 14%; skin toxicity all grades 6% vs 20%, G3–4 0 vs 2%; diarrhea all grades 13% vs 6%; stomatitis all grades 9% vs 20%; neurotoxicity all grades 47% vs 15%, G3–4 3% vs 0.3%. Conclusions: CLD as first-line treatment of AOC produced a similar activity, with a different toxicity profile, compared to CP. Required events are awaited for final PFS analysis. Partially supported by Schering-Plough. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Human Placentation.—An account of the changes in the Uterine Mucosa and in the Attached Fetal Structures during Pregnancy.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Surrogate markers of disease studied as means of determining AIDS drugs' effectiveness
Authors: P. Cotton
Journal: JAMA (1990)

ENOUGH EVIDENCE may exist to approve two analogues of zidovudine ([AZT] Retrovir, Burroughs Wellcome, Research Triangle Park, NC). At issue is whether surrogate markers of disease progression, like CD4 cell counts, can substitute for clinical end points like death. If so, data from ongoing trials might be collated into a convincing case. If not, it could be 2 years or more before traditional criteria are met. The drugs ddC (dideoxycytidine, Hoffmann-LaRoche Inc, Nutley, NJ) and ddI (didanosine [formerly called dideoxyinosine], Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ) inhibit viral replication as does zidovudine, which is still the only licensed drug that fights the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) linked with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). "Preliminary data show clear-cut drug activity," says Margaret Fischl, MD, who studies all three drugs as an investigator for the National Institutes of Health (Bethesda, Md) AIDS Clinical Trials Group. All three can cause peripheral neuropathy. But ddI
Abstract 1380: Clinical relevance of cell-free DNA analysis for bile juice assessed through amplicon-based deep sequencing in bile duct and pancreatic cancer patients with obstructive jaundice
Authors: Marie Muramatsu, Marie Muramatsu, Hiromichi Ito, Hitoshi Zembutsu
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Personalized treatment for patients with pancreatic or bile duct cancer is limited because cancer cells could not be detected in some patient. Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) sequencing is expected to enable a precision oncology approach for these patients. The development of gene panel for cfDNA covering hundreds of mutation hotspots is important for the establishment of clinically practical cfDNA detection system. We enrolled 40 patients with bile duct or pancreatic cancer which caused obstructive jaundice. Amplicon-based genomic profiling of 14 genes, which are commonly mutated in digestive cancer, in preoperative bile juice by next-generation sequencing (NGS) was carried out to evaluate the feasibility of this assay, and was compared with their clinical parameters. One or more somatic mutation(s) of the 14 genes in bile cfDNA were detected in 25 patients (62.5%) with bile duct or pancreatic cancer. Mutations in TP53, KRAS and APC genes were detected in 19 (47.5%), 11 (27.5%) and 4 (10.0%) patients, respectively. Mutant allele frequencies in plasma were not associated with CEA nor CA19-9. Of the 40 patients with bile duct or pancreatic cancer, the cancer cells could be detected by cytology in 18 patients (45.0%). On the other hand, mutant alleles from cancer cells could be detected in 14 patients who showed negative cytology. Hence, 32 patients (80.0%) could be diagnosed as cancer before surgical operation by using the information from liquid biopsy (cfDNA analysis using bile juice) in addition to that from cytology. Our data confirmed that mutant allele in bile cfDNA could be sensitively detected by amplicon-based NGS system. These results suggest that the detection of cfDNA in bile juice using high-sensitive deep sequencing system could be a novel diagnostic tool, and these technologies could increase the ratio of definitive diagnosis of refractory cancer such as bile duct or pancreatic cancer. Citation Format: Marie Muramatsu, Marie Muramatsu, Hiromichi Ito, Hitoshi Zembutsu. Clinical relevance of cell-free DNA analysis for bile juice assessed through amplicon-based deep sequencing in bile duct and pancreatic cancer patients with obstructive jaundice [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1380.
Community-Oriented Primary Care
Authors: David E. Rogers
Journal: JAMA (1982)

COMMUNITY-ORIENTED care programs are a rational way to deliver the fruits of biomedical and behavioral scientific knowledge effectively to those who need them. No thoughtful person can argue with the logic of this approach. How can one believe that improvements in health can occur without thorough epidemiologic knowledge of health problems that exist in a community or a society? How can preventive, rehabilitative, or curative services be fully effective if one knows little or nothing about the cultural, educational, economic, or psychological factors that can create barriers to care, isolate groups, and increase personal health risks for community inhabitants? No one in modern society can believe that a physician working in isolation, and simply treating those who come to him on a one-on-one basis, can produce a healthy society. If this is the case, why can I as an "outsider" ask the following questions: Why hasn't community-oriented primary care (COPC)
Effects of Ingested Chrysotile on DNA Synthesis in the Gastrointestinal Tract and Liver of the Rat
Authors: D. E. Amacher, A. Alarif, S. S. Epstein
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1974)

The effects of chrysotile on DNA synthesis in the gastrointestinal tract of the rat were studied by measuring the uptake of tritium-labeled thymidine; whole stomach, small intestine, colon liver were removed, cleaned, and homogenized and the DNA was isolated and assayed for tritium label. A dose–response study indicated that 2 weeks after a 5 mg/kg dose of chrysotile, DNA synthesis was increased in the small intestine and colon and reduced in the liver; synthesis was reduced in the small intestine 2 weeks after a 500 mg/kg dose. Following a 100 mg/kg dose of chrysotile, a transient increase in DNA synthesis was noted in the stomach and small intestine at 1 and 7 days, respectively, besides increased synthesis in the colon from 28 to 63 days. These data suggest that asbestos penetrates the gastrointestinal mucosa and influences regulation of DNA synthesis in the gastrointestinal tract.
Bloody pericardial fluid. The value of blood gas measurements
Authors: W. Mann
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Clinically notable pericardial effusions developed in three patients with renal failure. Pericardiocentesis showed hemorrhagic fluid, the source of which was not apparent. Simultaneous determinations of Pco<sub>2</sub>, Po<sub>2</sub>, and pH values showed a substantial increase in Pco<sub>2</sub>levels and decrease in Po<sub>2</sub>, pH, and bicarbonate levels in the pericardial compared with the intracardial aspirates. This was true when pericardial fluid Pco<sub>2</sub>, Po<sub>2</sub>, and pH values were compared with mixed venous samples. Determination of Po<sub>2</sub>, Pco<sub>2</sub>, pH, and bicarbonate values in pericardial aspirates may determine the source of the fluid. (<i>JAMA</i>239:2151-2152, 1978)
Inhibition of SUV39H Methyltransferase As a Potent Therapeutic Target in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Julie Devin, Elena Viziteu, Laurie Herviou, Anja Seckinger, Grandmougin Camille, Hartmut Goldschmidt, Laure Vincent, Philippe Pasero, Dirk Hose, Bernard Klein, Jerome Moreaux
Journal: Blood (2015)
The Hip
Authors: Reginald R. Cooper
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Unlike its two predecessors, this third volume embraces subjects other than total joint replacement. Readable, well-illustrated reports delineate current ideas about management of osteonecrosis. These discussions encompass indications for femoral head salvage procedures as well as replacement methods. Chapters on slipped epiphyses lucidly describe neck and subtrochanteric osteotomies and the disastrous consequences of chondrolysis of the hip. A section on fractures includes indications for and techniques of valgus osteotomy and intramedullary nailing of intertrochanteric fractures, long-term follow-up of multiple implants to determine their role in success or failure, and a discourse on acetabular fractures. The emphasis on total hip replacement has shifted to femoral stem failure, new designs to decrease the incidence of dislocation, and massive bone and joint replacement to preserve function in unfortunate victims of neoplasm. Those who would remain abreast of developments in the management of patients with hip disorders must avail themselves of this excellent report.
Skeletal Renewal and Metabolic Bone Disease
Authors: William H. Harris, Robert P. Heaney
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

Control of Skeletal RemodelingFrom the point of view of control mechanics, remodeling exhibits two control loops with negative feedback characteristics: parathyroid-calcitonin-mediated resorption, serving calcium homeostasis; and the effects of mechanical forces on the skeleton, whereby the mass and arrangement of the skeletal material is altered to meet changing structural needs. The first is essentially a systemic process, and the second a local phenomenon, though the two importantly interact at the level of the cells that mediate them. In addition a very large number of factors, including mineral nutrition, hormonal balance, systemic or local disease and aging, have important skeletal . . .
RHINOSCLEROMA.
Authors: CHARLES W. ALLEN
Journal: JAMA (1901)

My intention is merely to report two cases of rhinoscleroma which have come under by observation, because of the great rarity of the affection in this country, and also because of an unusual clinical course pursued by the first one. Mrs. L. M., 64 years of age, was born in Hungary. She was first seen in 1889, when the diagnosis of rhinoscleroma was made from the clinical appearances and history. An attempt by Dr. Lustgarten to confirm the writer's opinion through a bacteriologic culture failed. No tissue was allowed to be excised for microscopic examination. At this time an operation was advised as the only means of arresting the progress of the disease. The incurability by drug medication was pointed out, as well as the probability that the growth would soon reach an inoperable stage. The patient, however, would not entertain the suggestion of an operation. The appearances presented at
Study of the Parents of Patients with Hashimoto's Disease
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Bioavailability of Biologically Detoxified Lead: Risks Arising from Consumption of Polluted Mussels
Authors: Francesco Regoli, Enzo Orlando
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

The possible risk for human health arising from consumption of lead-polluted shellfish was suggested by experiments on the bioavailability for mice of a "biologically detoxified" form of the metal.In this work, young mice were fed with a mixed diet including mussels collected in a Pb-polluted area.Metal concentrations in blood, kidney, liver, urine, and feces and the activity of erythrocytic &aminolevulinic acid dehydratase were determined after 1, 2, and 4 weeks.Comparisons were made with mice treated with balanced diet, mixed diet including control mussels, and drinking water with lead dissolved as acetate.In mice fed polluted mussels, lead concentrations increased in blood, kidney, and liver, whereas no significant accu- mulation was observed in urine.Different responses in mice treated with Pb(CH3COO)2 in drinking water are probably due to the diversity of lead chemical form in the two treatments.Our results demonstrate the bioavailability of biologically detoxified lead that can be transferred to a consumer with possible consequences also for human health.
Comparison of costs of different HCV screening and linkage to care interventions across Europe
Authors: Sandra Bivegete, Zoe Ward, Josephine Walker, Linda Campbell, Nyashadzaishe Mafirakureva, Davina Swan, Eileen O’connor, Geoff McCombe, Tina Mchugh, Des Crowley, Mark Kennedy, Enda Kelly, Graham Betts-Simmonds, Irina Ianache, Alma Gabriela Kosa, Oprea Anca Cristiana, Julian Surey, Steven Platts, Gordana Avramovic, Matthew Hickman, Alistair Story, Walter Cullen, Jack Lambert, Peter Vickerman
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Gastritis
Authors: Keith B. Taylor
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

DIFFUSE inflammation of the gastric mucosa may be described as gastritis. Most of our knowledge relates to pathologic changes in the gastric gland area or body of the stomach, but similar changes in the gastric antrum have been little studied. The mucosa of the body of the stomach contains acid-producing or parietal cells and chief cells, which appear to contain at least one gastric pepsinogen. Castle's intrinsic factor, an essential for the physiologic absorption of trace amounts of vitamin B12, also is probably elaborated, in man, in the parietal cells. Normal body mucosa contains few inflammatory cells. Collections . . .
Pregnancy Complications and Perinatal Outcomes Among Women With Diabetes— North Carolina, 1989-1990
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Women with diabetes have a higher risk for complications of pregnancy than do women without diabetes; in addition, infants born to women with diabetes are at increased risk for adverse birth outcomes. Preconception counseling for women with established diabetes and early and continual prenatal care for women with established or gestational diabetes can reduce maternal and infant morbidity and mortality. Although the rate of pregnancy complicated by diabetes and the use of prenatal care varies by race of the mother, it is unknown whether the effect of diabetes on maternal and infant outcomes differs by race. Race reflects differing distributions of several risk factors for pregnancy outcomes (e.g., socioeconomic status and access to comprehensive health care) and is useful for identifying groups at greatest risk for adverse outcomes. To determine the prevalence of diabetes during pregnancy among women residing in North Carolina and to characterize differences in prenatal care and the risk for maternal complications and adverse pregnancy outcomes by race among mothers with diabetes, the North Carolina State Center for Health and Environmental Statistics examined birth certificates of infants of women who gave birth in the state during 1989-1990. This report summarizes the findings of the study.
Pharmacological characterization of guinea pig chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed on Th2 cells (CRTH2)
Authors: F. Liu, J. Gonzalo, E.R. Fedyk, J. Pulido, O. Tayber, L. O'Connell, K. Burke, W. Cao, M.R. Hodge, Y. Suzuki
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2005)
<i>QuickStats:</i> Infant Mortality Rate, by Urbanization Level* — National Vital Statistics System, United States, 2007 and 2015
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2017)

In both 2007 and 2015, infant mortality rates were highest in rural counties (7.5 infant deaths per 1,000 live births and 6.8, respectively). Rates were lower in small and medium urban counties (7.1 in 2007 and 6.4 in 2015) and lowest in large urban counties (6.4 in 2007 and 5.4 in 2015). For all three urbanization levels, infant mortality rates were significantly lower in 2015, compared with rates in 2007.
Incorrect Data in Text
Authors: Pamela Lutsey, Faye Norby, Alvaro Alonso
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2020)

at time of DOAC initiation or a PPI prescription filled up to 1 month after DOAC initiation.Among 82 625 users of warfarin, 20 124 (24%) had an active PPI prescription, while for 31 647 users of dabigatran it was 6769 (21%), for 35 252 users of rivaroxaban it was 8591 (24%), and for 17 751 users of apixaban it was 4615 (26%). 1 Estimates of the risk of fracture, with adjustment for PPI use, were virtually identical to those reported in our article. 1The hazard ratio (HR) for risk of hip fracture comparing DOACs with warfarin was 0.91 (95% CI, 0.78-1.07);after adjustment for PPIs it was 0.92 (95% CI, 0.78-1.07).Adjustment for PPI use was not associated with inpatient fractures (without PPI adjustment: HR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.79-0.96;with PPI adjustment: HR, 0.87; 95% CI 0.78-0.97)or all fractures (without PPI adjustment: HR 0.93; 95% CI, 0.88-0.98;with PPI adjustment: HR 0.93; 95% CI, 0.89-0.98). 1 Adjustment for PPI use also did not attenuate the findings when we compared individual DOACs vs warfarin.In summary, although a hypothesis worthy of consideration, we found no evidence that our findings were explained by differential use of PPIs.
Personality Disorders
Authors: Julia Frank
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal