tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The National Health Service Reforms
Authors: Michael F. Loudon
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>'Safe in Our Hands'</h3> American physicians may not realize that most British specialists and general practitioners (GPs), and their patients, are very fond of the National Health Service (NHS) and regard it as a public property, separate from party politics. They feel this even though the NHS has a true socialist structure—a comprehensive health care industry that is state regulated, monopolistic, free to all consumers at the point of use, and funded from central taxation. Free marketers, however, object to such structures in principle, believing the structures to be an infringement of personal liberty, unresponsive to consumers' needs, and inherently inefficient. Under the current system, the Department of Health allocates (taxpayers') money to the 21 regional health authorities, which in turn fund their constituent district health authorities, which manage the hospitals. Specialists are salaried employees, work in hospital wards and outpatient departments, and are paid by their district health authority.
The Oral Medicine Clinic — What is its Role?
Authors: J M Zakrzewska, C Downer, V Lopes
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1994)

The total number of new patients seen over a period of 12 months in an oral medicine department was 963. Of these 587 were seen by an oral physician, 168 by a liaison psychiatrist, 137 by an oral immunologist and 71 by a dermatologist with a special interest in diseases of the mouth. The broad categories of disease seen were: 364 with orofacial pain of non-dental origin; 263 with benign diseases of the oral mucosa; 149 with potentially malignant lesions, six with frank carcinomas; 100 with oral manifestations of a systemic disease; and 81 patients with conditions considered to be normal.
Blood Sugar Levels, Glycosuria, and Body Weight Related to Development of Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: John B. O'Sullivan
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Initial blood sugar levels were related to diabetes mellitus in a 17 year follow-up of the pioneer study in Oxford, Mass. Clinical diabetes was found 5 and 15 times more frequently for initial postprandial blood sugars (Folin-Wu) of 140 to 169 mg and 170 mg/100 ml and higher, respectively, than for those below 140 mg/100 ml. Glycosuria was important only when the blood sugar was above 170 mg/100 ml. A confirmatory repeat blood sugar level ≥140 mg/100 ml proved valuable in defining a high risk group for diabetes. The risk of diabetes in overweight persons was significant only when the blood sugar was above 140 mg/100 ml. The similar weight experience of the participants, regardless of their initial blood sugar level, makes it unlikely for obesity to be causally related to diabetes mellitus. The apparently contradictory results from postprandial and postglucose blood sugars are discussed.
Proliferative compartments in the normal nail unit
Authors: D. DE BERKER, B. ANGUS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

Journal Article Proliferative compartments in the normal nail unit Get access D. DE BERKER, D. DE BERKER Department of Dermatology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K. David de Berker. Department of Dermatology, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Marlborough Street, Bristol BS2 8HW, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B. ANGUS B. ANGUS Department of University Department of Pathology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 135, Issue 4, 1 October 1996, Pages 555–559, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1996.d01-1039.x Published: 01 October 1996 Article history Accepted: 01 March 1996 Published: 01 October 1996
Letter: Recurrent haematuria.
Authors: P H O'Reilly
Journal: BMJ (1976)

work-up before initiating treatment, defines the treatment goals, and improves control.The use of a problem-orientated summary card in addition seems to achieve most of the objectives attempted in the computer-held record system.For research perhaps manual handling of notes is still necessary, but recall of informa- tion is much simplified, as compared with unstructured notes.The problem-orientated record system has the advantage that it is very inexpensive and can be used by both general practices and hospitals which have no access to computers.
The Breast Cancer Screening Controversy Continues
Authors: Joseph J. Gilberti
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters1 May 1993The Breast Cancer Screening Controversy ContinuesJoseph J. Gilberti, MDJoseph J. Gilberti, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-118-9-199305010-00022 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Your recent editorial [1] is most timely and important. As a medical oncologist whose first love was primary care and now as a full-time teacher, I am particularly concerned. Our second-year students are taught breast examination as part of the physical diagnosis course. Soon thereafter until graduation, they are involved in ambulatory care at community health centers [2]. In supervising students, I have been dismayed that they often omit routine breast examination. The usual explanation is that the patient was having a routine check-up or was in to have prescriptions refilled. Although some patients refuse breast examinations, ...References1. Fletcher SW, Fletcher RH. The breast is close to the heart (Editorial). Ann Intern Med. 1992; 117:970-1. Google Scholar2. Gravdal J, Glasser M. The integration of the student into ambulatory primary care: a decade of experience. Family Medicine. 1987; 19:457-62. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1993Volume 118, Issue 9Page: 746-749KeywordsBreast cancer screeningHabitsPrevention, policy, and public health ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 May 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
The Sign of Babinski: A Study of the Evolution of Cortical Dominance in Primates.
Journal: JAMA (1933)

CAAINMDCLASCAINJUNL[o.13 time and under varying conditions by means of thc cardiotachometer.A short history of the study of heart-rates is first given and the details and results of the study of the normal heart-rate are considered during the waking and sleeping hours, in both sexes.A number of pages are devoted to the heart-rate during the activities of the day, such as eating, telephoning, dancing, micturition, defaecation, etc. Maw% tharts are included, and it seems that every phase of waling and sleeping heart-rates has been gone into in detail.To end the chapter on the normal heart, a few pages are given to the study of the effect of anesthesia and operations on the heart-rate.The last twenty-five pages of the book are concerned with the heart-rate in disease.Records were taken in cases of myocarditis, valvular disease, Graves' disease, auricular fibrillation, etc., and their significance dis- cussed.
Degeneracy. Its Causes, Signs and Results.
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Intensive Study and Treatment of Shock in Man
Authors: Robert M. Hardaway
Journal: JAMA (1967)

The most important treatment of noncardiac shock is fluid volume administration given, if necessary, to the point of an elevated central venous or pulmonary artery pressure. Adequate volume is more important than the type of fluid administered. Blood is given only up to a normal red blood cell mass. If these measures are not adequate, a vasodilator may produce dramatic improvement. No detrimental effect was ever seen. Vasopressors may produce detrimental effects in shock. An adequate arterial oxygen pressure (Po<sub>2</sub>) is essential and often requires tracheotomy or tracheal intubation with oxygen and a respirator to obtain. It has been possible to correct all hemodynamic defects in shock. Patients who have died have done so as a result of pulmonary lesions. Disseminated intravascular coagulation is usual in severe shock. Its onset is heralded by a clotting defect frequently only noted by laboratory test. In some cases it causes important clinical hemorrhage and requires treatment. It may play an important part in the development of lethal shock including acute pulmonary failure.
Eosinophilic fasciitis.
Authors: S Mukherjee, A K Ghosh, S Sarkar
Journal: BMJ (1980)

Shulman's syndrome includes fasciitis of rapid onset, sclerodermoid skin changes, absence of Raynaud's phenomenon, absence of visceral manifestations of progressive systemic sclerosis, hypergammaglobulinemia, transient eosinophilia, and a dramatic response to systemic corticosteroid therapy. Although this syndrome may be a variant of scleroderma, its dramatic responsiveness to corticosteroid therapy is a particularly distinguishing feature.
Cause of Death and Accuracy of Certification of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: K D Vellacott, M A Ferro
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1984)

Of 160 patients who died of colorectal cancer in the Exeter district in 1979 and 1980, 15 had not been correctly certified as such and of these 10 had died postoperatively. A further 2 had not died of colorectal cancer and in 9 the diagnosis was unsubstantiated. When those not proven to have cancer are considered, colorectal cancer as a cause of death was underestimated by about 5%, which is much more accurate than for other diseases. A total of 35 patients (21.8%) had no operative treatment due to advanced disease, old age or rapid death. The mean inpatient stay was 32.3 days, and 184 operations were performed on 125 patients. Only 20 patients were admitted to the district hospital for terminal care.
Awards, Appointments, Announcements
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1995)

Journal Article Awards, Appointments, Announcements Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 87, Issue 21, 1 November 1995, Pages 1585–1587, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/87.21.1585 Published: 01 November 1995
Pharmaceutical Firms Urge More Patient Education
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1994)

HALF the patients in Western Europe, Japan, and North America do not take the drugs physicians order for them as prescribed. The largest gap in patients' knowledge of prescription drugs is a failure to understand the risks of adverse effects, says a newly released report, and the fault lies with the health care professionals who are "ineffective patient educators." These are among the principal findings of a survey that reviewed the various governments' publications regarding drug information dissemination efforts and patients' knowledge about the drugs they are supposed to take. The survey, entitled<i>Improving Patient Information and Education on Medicines</i>, was compiled by the International Medical Benefit/Risk Foundation, Geneva, Switzerland. The foundation, formed in 1991, is supported by drug manufacturers. This issue of patient understanding, says William Lowrance, PhD, the foundation's executive director, is "one of the weakest links in the entire chain from drug discovery to ultimate use." Lowrance
Medex and Their Physician Preceptors
Authors: Robert L. Kane
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Studies of selected indicators of the process of care provided by a Medex and by a physician preceptor in seven rural practices suggest that the Medex is more likely to use appropriate laboratory tests and less likely to use inappropriate treatments. When outcomes of care were determined in 13 practices with a Medex and a preceptor, the patients seen by the Medex tended to fare about as well as those seen by a physician (71% versus 74%, respectively) in regaining their usual functional status. The addition of a Medex to a rural practice may thus produce both direct and indirect benefits. (<i>JAMA</i>236:2509-2512, 1976)
Hypertrophic Infiltrative Tendinitis (HIT Syndrome) of the Long Extensor
Authors: Richard C. Gardner
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Hypertrophic infiltrative tendinitis (HIT syndrome) with entrapment of the long extensor tendon at the metacarpophalangeal joint occurred in an avid karate player. This syndrome is similar to trigger finger and Quervain's disease. Surgical release of this tendon was necessary. Since karate is one of the fastest growing sports in this country, the incidence of similar pathological states will probably increase and should be recognized.
Flame-Shaped Retinal Hemorrhages in Sarcoidosis
Authors: Collin P. Quock
Journal: JAMA (1967)

A patient with systemic sarcoidosis was found to have flame-shaped hemorrhages in the retina. To our knowledge, this is the second such case reported in the literature. Regression was noted to occur during treatment. When flame-shaped retinal hemorrhages are visualized, sarcoidosis should be considered as a possible cause in addition to diabetes, hypertension, and blood dyscrasias.
Effects of Levamisole on Pathogenesis of Marek's Disease&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1980)

Levamisole was administered to chickens previously inoculated with Marek's disease virus (MDV) or infected by contact, and the influence of the drug on the mortality rate of Marek's disease (MD) was examined. The chickens inoculated with MDV and then administered levamisole (3 mg/bird) began to die earlier than chickens not treated with levamisole. However, the chickens infected with MDV by contact and then treated with the levamisole had delayed deaths. When the capacity of peritoneal exudate cells (PEC) to inhibit MDV plaque formation on chicken kidney cell (CKC) cultures was examined, the inhibitory activity of PEC from chickens inoculated with MDV and treated with levamisole at 4 days or 2 months of age was much weaker than that of PEC from chickens of the same ages that were not treated with levamisole. This effect was also noted when levamisole was added to CKC cultures to examine the inhibitory activity of PEC from MDV-infected chickens not treated with levamisole. These results indicate that the administration of levamisole to MDV-inoculated chickens in doses used in the present experiment suppressed the macrophage restriction on MDV replication and hastened the death of chickens by MD during the early course of infection.
Upper Airway Obstruction After Extubation
Authors: Robert E. Johnstone
Journal: JAMA (1971)

A 23-year-old woman, apparently in good health, suddenly became unconscious and cyanotic four days postpartum. Improvement followed endotracheal intubation, but immediate respiratory distress and asphyxia occurred after extubation. Autopsy revealed laryngeal edema and a follicular thyroid carcinoma encasing the trachea. Emergency tracheotomy is necessary when intubation is not easily performed and the upper airway is obstructed.
Hepato-lenticular Degeneration
Authors: Robert H. Kretsinger, Vladimir N. Uversky, Eugene A. Permyakov
Journal: BMJ (1956)

Hepatolenticular degeneration (Wilson's disease) is a hereditary disease in which metabolic disorder of copper leads to its accumulation in the liver, brain, cornea and kidneys with consequent pathologic changes in those organs. Hereditary mechanism of the disease is autosomal recessive with prevalence of 30-100 per 1,000,000 inhabitants. Etiology of this disease is not yet explained. There are two hypotheses. The first one is that it is the disorder of ceruloplasmine metabolism caused by insufficient synthesis of normal ceruloplasmine, or synthesis of functionally abnormal ceruloplasmine. The second one is: the block of copper biliar excretion which is the consequence of the liver lysosomes functional defect. Pathogenetic mechanism of disease is firstly long-term accumulation of copper in the liver, and later, when the liver depo is full, its releasing in circulation and accumulation in the brain, cornea, kidneys and bones, which causes adequate pathologic changes. Toxic activity of copper is the consequence of its activity on enzymes, particularly on those with -SH group. There are two basic clinical forms of the disease: liver disease or neurologic disease. Before puberty the liver damage is more frequent, while in adolescents and young adults neurologic form of the disease is usual. The liver disease is nonspecific and characterized by symptoms of cirrhosis and chronic aggressive hepatitis. The only specificity is hemolytic anemia which, in combination with previous symptoms, is important for diagnosis of the disease. Neurologic symptoms are the most frequent consequence of pathologic changes in the basal ganglia. In our patients the most frequent symptoms were tremor (63%); dysarthria, choreoathetosis and rigor (38%); ataxia and mental disorders (31%); dysphagia and dystonia (12%), diplopia, hypersalivation, nystagmus and Babinski's sign (6%). Among pathologic changes in other tissues and organs the most important is the finding of Kayser-Fleischer ring in the cornea as a result of copper accumulation. Its importance for precise diagnosis is great. The diagnosis of the disease is based on anamnesis, clinical examination, specific and nonspecific laboratory tests. The therapy of choice is penicillamine. If we use it early, the result will be good remission in the majority of patients. Late diagnosis or delay in treatment cause death which is the result of bleeding from esophageal varices or basal ganglia disease. Immunologic damages caused by penicillamine demand interruption of therapy and substitution by three-ethyl-tetra-amine (TETA). We also use zinc salts and tetratiomolibdate in therapy of this disease. Pathogenesis, clinical picture and therapy of the disease are based on our own results.
Incomplete Transverse Myelitis Following Rabies Duck Embryo Vaccination
Authors: Ryan B. Harrington
Journal: JAMA (1971)

A 41-year-old farmer developed myelitis 14 days after the first inoculation of rabies duck embryo vaccine. The patient received steroids and recovered completely. The use of rabies duck embryo vaccine carries a significantly lesser risk than that associated with the use of rabies vaccine of nerve tissue origin (Semple type).
Sensitivity of Hemoccult Test
Authors: Hellmuth C. Heinrich
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Questions, doubts, and speculations concerning the sensitivity of the Hemoccult slide test for fecal occult blood detection and its reliability in the screening of bleeding colorectal polyps and carcinomas were raised in several recent letters to the editor by Dr Bharath and in the reply by Dr Goodman (1979;242:140), Dr Greegor (1980;243:119) and Drs Fleisher and Winawer (1980;243:1711). Controlled studies in Germany and France have demonstrated false-negative Hemoccult slide test results in 50% to 67% of subjects with colorectal cancer and in 59% to 80% of persons with colorectal polyps or adenomas.<sup>1-4</sup>We have investigated the in vivo sensitivity of four commercial guaiac-type occult blood tests recently in 102 subjects with and without gastrointestinal blood losses of 2 to 193 mL/day by intraindividual and simultaneous comparison with the actual blood losses measured by whole-body counting of the iron 59 elimination. All subjects were for
Lateral Curvature of the Spine and Round Shoulders.
Journal: JAMA (1923)

This edition is of the high character of the previous editions. It furnishes an excellent guide for the general practitioner and specialist who wish to study this most difficult subject. Referring to the matter of faulty attitudes in school and elsewhere the author says that in his opinion it is not likely that they are the causes of moderate and severe structural scoliosis. Regarding the Abbott method of treatment, he says, "The method is evidently no cure-all, and his claims have apparently not been substantiated by others." Operative procedures are still held sub judice, sufficient time not having elapsed since their introduction to allow a proper estimate of their value. Lovett strongly emphasizes the necessity of mobilizing spines in order to obtain the greatest correction, and the need of much gymnastic work in the follow-up care after forcible correction in casts and jackets. The legends of Figures 96 and 97
Endoscopy International Open – recently published
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

See also: A pilot study of EUS-guided fiducial insertion for the multidisciplinary management of gastric cancerEndosc Int Open 2014; 02(03): E153-E159DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1377523 See also: The accuracy of polyp assessment during colonoscopy in FIT-screening is not acceptable on a routine basisEndosc Int Open 2014; 02(03): E127-E132DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1377173 See also: Prospective, randomized, comparative study of delineation capability of radial scanning and curved linear array endoscopic ultrasound for the pancreaticobiliary regionEndosc Int Open 2014; 02(03): E160-E170DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1377384