tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Serial Change in Health-Related Quality of Life Over 1 Year After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation
Authors: Timothy A. Fairbairn, David M. Meads, Adam N. Mather, Manish Motwani, Sue Pavitt, Sven Plein, Daniel J. Blackman, John P. Greenwood
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Long-term Pattern of Progression of Myopic Maculopathy
Authors: Kengo Hayashi, Kyoko Ohno-Matsui, Noriaki Shimada, Muka Moriyama, Ariko Kojima, Wakako Hayashi, Kenjiro Yasuzumi, Natsuko Nagaoka, Natsuko Saka, Takeshi Yoshida, Takashi Tokoro, Manabu Mochizuki
Journal: Ophthalmology (2010)
Abstract 1261: Overexpression of Tie2-promoted Activated Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 2 in Endothelial Cells Enhances Angiogenesis and Induces Cardioprotective Effect via Src-Akt-Hif1 {alpha} Signaling Pathway in Mice Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Shinsaku Matsunaga, Tetsuya Tatsumi, Mitsuhiko Okigaki, Eigo Kishita, Masaki Kimata, Shoken Honsho, Mitsuo Takeda, Susumu Nishikawa, Satoaki Matoba, Miyuki Kobara, Hiroaki Matsubara
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Introduction:  Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) has been implicated in cell proliferation, migration, survival and differentiation via its tyrosine kinase receptors (FGFR). In the heart, FGF has been reported to confer protection from acute and chronic cardiac damage. However, the pathophysiological role of FGFR signaling in endothelial cells (ECs) for protecting the heart against ischemic injury has not been fully elucidated.   Methods and Results:  Myocardial infarction (MI) was induced in transgenic mice overexpressing activated human FGFR2 linked to the Tie2 promoter (Tie2-FGFR-Tg) and wild-type (WT) mice by ligating the left coronary artery. Infarct size (38.0% vs 47.4% in WT mice, p in vitro  angiogenic activities were significantly inhibited by a phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor. Western blot analysis revealed that phosphorylation of Src and Akt and accumulation of HIF1 α protein were increased under hypoxic conditions. Treatment with a Src inhibitor, PP1, abolished activation of Akt and accumulation of HIF1α. Real-time PCR showed increased mRNA expressions of bFGF and VEGF in ECs of Tie2-FGFR-Tg mice under hypoxic conditions.   Conclusion:  The data suggest that activated FGFR signaling accelerates autocrine loop of FGF production and FGFR-mediated activation of Src-PI3K-Akt-HIF1α pathway plays an important role in mature neovascularization and cardioprotection after MI.
The Tobacco Endgame: Is It Possible?
Authors: Thomas E. Novotny
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2015)

May31isWorld NoTobaccoDay2015.Thedayraises aninteresting question: isatobaccoendgame possible? Theanswer, ofcourse, is“itdepends.”However,the event provides areflec-tiveopportunitytoseejust whereweareintheextraordinaryglobalbattleagainsttheworld’smostimportant preventablehealthrisk.Agreatdeal isin facthappening inpursuit oftheend-game,and theseeffortsarebecoming veryinteresting indeed.Asbackground,keepin mind thesegrim statistics: therearemore than1billionsmokersglobally,tobaccokillsabout6millionofthemandtheirsecondhandsmoke (SHS)-exposedcontacts ayear,and, ifunchecked,it willkill perhaps abillionpeoplein the21stcentury [1].Couldtheendgamepossiblybenear?In 2012,Professor KenWarner assembledagroup oftobacco controlexperts inAnn Arbor,Michigan, todiscuss thisendgame dreamand whatitwouldtake tomake itareality[2].Thediscussion wasinformed bytwoprecis: thatthe statusquoisunacceptableand thatreducingsmoking substantially willrequire something new,bold,and completelydifferentfromwhatiscurrentlyin place. Inotherwords, whatisbeingdoneatpresent, despite remarkable progressonmany fronts,willnotbeenough toendthe epidemicoftobacco-relateddiseases anytimesoon.Now,however, ratherthanthinking onlyabout“tobaccocontrol,”which impliesthat hu-manityshouldsettle forthetobaccoepidemicbeingpermanentinsome populations oratleastatsome lowerhazardleveloverall[3],expertsarediscussing newstrategiesthat arenecessarytogreatlyreduce the globaltobacco-related disease burden. Theseout-of-theboxideas includethefollowing:removing the profitincentive fromselling tobaccoproducts bychangingthewaysinwhich themarketisadministered;reducingthe levelofaddictive nicotinetononad-dicting levelsin alltobacco products; addressing thesupplysideoftobaccousebyimposing a“sinkinglid”ontheindustrytogradually reduce quotasonsales and production oftobaccoproducts, similartoproposedreductionsongreenhouse gasproduction [4]; establishing trulysmoke-free generationsbyprohibitingpossessionoftobaccoproductsbyallpersonsborn in2000orlater; andthe heretofore unthinkableabolition oftobaccoproduct manufactureandsale.Atthesametime, considerable globalenergy hasdevelopedaroundthe world’sfirstmulti-nationalhealth treaty,implementedunder theauspices oftheWorld HealthOrganization(WHO):theFramework Convention onTobaccoControl (FCTC)[5].Thistreaty hasbeeninforcefortenyearsandcallsforsignatorycountries(currently180)toenactscience-basedinter-ventionstoreduce tobaccouse throughthesixcomponentsoftheWHO MPOWER tobaccocontrolrubric [6]:† Monitortobaccouseand preventionpolicies† Protectpeoplefrom tobaccosmoke
Principles of Health Education Applied
Authors: Clifford Lee. Brownell
Journal: JAMA (1949)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 1679: Nuclear Receptor Nur77 and 6-Mercaptopurine Protect against Atherosclerosis
Authors: E. Karin Arkenbout, Peter I Bonta, Thijs W Pols, Carlie J de Vries
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Nur77 is an orphan nuclear receptor of the NR4A subfamily, which also comprises Nurr1 (NR4A2) and NOR-1 (NR4A3). We were the first to describe the expression of Nur77 in human atherosclerotic lesions both in macrophages and in activated, intimal smooth muscle cells. Here we demonstrate that Nur77 is expressed in human instent restenotic lesions that were obtained through coronary atherectomy. The generation of transgenic mice that overexpress Nur77 specifically in arterial smooth muscle cells allowed us to study the function of Nur77 in the injured vessel wall in vivo . Nur77 inhibits the formation of smooth muscle cell-rich lesions in the carotid artery ligation model, as well as in the femoral artery loosely-fitting cuff model. Both models relate to human (instent) restenotic lesions that are also composed predominantly of smooth muscle cells. Recently, it has been shown that 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) enhances the activity of Nur77 and we demonstrated in a drug-eluting cuff mouse model that 6-MP reduces lesion formation in a Nur77-dependent way. In atherosclerosis, monocytes and macrophages are important in initiation and progression of the disease. We demonstrated that Nur77 downregulates the expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines and inhibits the uptake of oxidized LDL particles in macrophages. To extend our knowledge on Nur77 function in atherosclerosis we cross-bred our Nur77-transgenic mice with ApoE-/- mice and studied high-fat/cholesterol diet induced lesion formation in the aortic sinus. Nur77 overex-pression in smooth muscle cells reduces lesion formation in response to this diet. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that Nur77 and its agonist 6-MP inhibit vascular lesion formation and atherosclerosis. Supported by The Netherlands Heart Foundation grants M93.007 and 2003B199.
Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria
Authors: John A. Schmidt, Iroka J. Udeinya, James H. Leech, Robert J. Hay, Masamichi Aikawa, John Barnwell, Ira Green, Louis H. Miller
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1982)

Erythrocytes infected with Plasmodium falciparum trophozoites and schizonts are not seen in the peripheral circulation because they attach to venular endothelium via knoblike structures on the infected erythrocyte membrane. We have recently shown that erythrocytes containing P. falciparum trophozoites and schizonts likewise attach to cultured human venous endothelial cells via knobs. In search of a more practical target cell for large scale binding studies designed to characterize and isolate the knob ligand, we tested various normal cells and continuous cell lines for their ability to bind P. falciparum-infected erythrocytes. Of the 18 cell types tested, binding of infected erythrocytes was observed to a human amelanotic melanoma cell line and amnion epithelial cells as well as to human aortic and umbilical vein endothelial cells. 96-100% of amelanotic melanoma cells bound 17±4 (±1 SEM) infected erythrocytes per positive cell, whereas fewer endothelial cells (4-59%) and amnion epithelial cells (8-19%) were capable of binding 12±5 and 4±1 infected erythrocytes per positive cell, respectively. Further studies designed to compare the mechanism of binding to the amelanotic melanoma cell line and endothelial cells showed the following results. First, that adhesion of infected erythrocytes to these two cell types was parasite stage-specific in that only erythrocytes containing late ring forms, trophozoites, and schizonts bound. Erythrocytes containing early ring forms, which do not attach to venular endothelium in vivo, did not bind to either cell type. Second, erythrocytes infected with trophozoites and schizonts of P. vivax or a knobless strain of P. falciparum, both of which continue to circulate in vivo, did not bind to either target cell type. Third, transmission electron microscopy showed that infected erythrocytes attached to the amelanotic melanoma cells via knobs. We conclude that cultured human endothelial cells and an amelanotic melanoma cell line share common determinants on their surface and that the mechanism of binding to these two different cell types is similar. The amelanotic melanoma cell line offers a useful substitute for endothelial cells in binding studies requiring large numbers of target cells.
VS-4718, a Potent Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) Inhibitor, Exhibits Anticancer Activity in Leukemia Models in Vitro and in Vivo
Authors: Winnie F. Tam, Jennifer E. Ring, Anthony F. Trombino, David T. Weaver, Jonathan A. Pachter, Mahesh Padval, Qunli Xu
Journal: Blood (2014)
Balloon angioplasty of postsurgical recoarctation in infants
Authors: Sunita Maheshwari, Elchanan Bruckheimer, John T Fahey, William E Hellenbrand
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2000)

This study was undertaken to evaluate the long-term results of balloon angioplasty (BA) for postsurgical recoarctation in infants.Balloon angioplasty is a well-accepted modality for the treatment of recoarctation. However, infants remain a group of concern because of their size, risk for complications and the potential for restenosis with growth. Age <12 months has been determined to be a risk factor for the development of recoarctation after angioplasty for native coarctation. Although studies on postsurgical coarctation have found no relationship between age at angioplasty and the development of recoarctation, few studies specifically addressing infants have been performed.Clinical, echocardiographic, hemodynamic and angiographic data on 22 consecutive children <1 year of age who underwent BA between 1986 and 1996 were reviewed.A successful result, defined as a postprocedure gradient of < or =20 mm Hg, was achieved in 20 of 22 (91%) infants with a reduction in the systolic peak pressure gradient from 48 +/- 27 to 9 +/- 10 mm Hg (p < 0.001) and an increase in coarctation diameter from 2.7 +/- 1.1 to 5.2 +/- 1.5 mm (p < 0.001). At long-term follow-up of a median of 56 months (0.6 to 12 years), the restenosis rate after an initial optimal result was 16% (3 of 19). Five (24%) infants required reintervention (2 initially unsuccessful; 3 recoarctation), with a success rate of 95% after two procedures. Suboptimal long-term outcome correlated with a lower infant weight.Balloon angioplasty can be safely performed in infants, with good long-term results. The risk of restenosis is low and can be successfully managed with repeat angioplasty.
Abstract 408: Notch Signaling Induces Expression of Fatty Acid Binding Protein 4 via Induction of PPAR-γ2 in Capillary Endothelial Cells in Heart
Authors: Tatsuya Iso, Toshihiro Suga, Hiroki Matsui, Masashi Arai, Masahiko Kurabayashi
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Notch signaling, an evolutionarily conserved pathway for cell fate determination, is essential for normal vascular development and maintenance as well as other multiple aspects of vascular function...
Serial monitoring for circulating cancer cells in blood samples of stage 1–4 breast cancer patients
Authors: K. H. Tkaczuk, N. S. Tait, K. Chua, F. Feldman, S. A. Lesko, Z. Lun, M. Tan, P. O. Ts’o
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

623 Serial monitoring for presence, number &amp; characterization of circulating cancer cells (CCC) may provide valuable information that may be relevant to prognosis and treatment outcomes of breast cancer patients (BCP). We conducted a serial blood sampling study at the University of Maryland in BCP with stage 1–4 breast carcinoma. 15–20 ml of venous blood were collected before the start of systemic therapy and periodically thereafter &amp; processed using negative selection method with double-gradient centrifugation &amp; magnetic cell sorting to remove WBCs. Digital images of FITC-positive epithelial cells were acquired with a fluorescence microscope &amp; counted. CCC from 41 patients (Pts) were also stained with Trastuzu-mAb-532 to quantify the HER-2/neu cell surface receptor expression relative to a fluorescence standard. 105 Pts were accrued &amp; 415 blood samples tested (median number of samples/pt; 4 (1–8). During the 24 mos. monitoring period CCC were detected in 57 of 105 pts (54%). The Table below shows that presence of &gt;10 CCC/sample is associated with decreased survival and increased probability of having metastatic disease.(Exact chi-square test for presence vs. absence of metastatses in A, B, C, D groups, P &lt; 0.0001; Fisher’s exact test to compare individual groups: for B vs C+ D, P &lt; 0.001; B vs C, P=0.001). HER-2/neu expression was assessed in CCC of 25 pts (minimum of 4 CCC per sample) as compared with strongly HER-2/neu positive control cell line SKBR-3. 10 Pts were positive &amp; 15 negative for HER-2/neu over-expression in CCC. CCC data &amp; primary tumor data concurred in 6 of 7 Her-2/neu primary tumor tissue positive Pts &amp; in 12 of 13 Her-2/neu primary tissue negative Pts. For 5 Pts tissue data was not available. Conclusions: Increasing CCC numbers/sample appear to correlate with adverse outcome of BCP. Our CCC Test may provide valuable information about prognosis of stage 1–4 BCP. HER-2/neu expression could be quantified in individual CCC &amp; concurred with primary tumor data in 90% of Pts. Supported by NCI Grant CA081903 Patient Group Number of CCC per sample Patient Number Death due to BC (%) Absence of Metastatic Disease (%) A 0 48 2 (4%) 45 (94%) B 1–10 38 7 (18%) 18 (47%) C 11–100 13 6 (46%) 1 (8%) D &gt;100 6 5 (83%) 0 Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration CCC Diagnostics CCC Diagnostics
Teenage obesity is linked to bowel cancer in later life
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Being obese as a teenager may double the risk of developing bowel cancer in middle age, research published in the journal Gut has shown.

The large observational study followed almost 240 000 Swedish men who had been conscripted into the army from the ages of 16 to 20 in 1969-76.1 At the time of conscription nearly 12% were …
Radiation Therapy of Hepatobiliary Tumors
Authors: Steven A. Leibel
Journal: Liver Cancer (1985)

External beam radiation therapy has played a limited role in the management of patients with hepatic or extrahepatic biliary carcinoma. The dose of radiation that can be administered to the liver or extrahepatic biliary tract is limited by the radiation tolerance of the normal tissues. The conclusion that radiation therapy is of little benefit to patients with hepatic malignancies has been based on the results of treatment using doses of 2,000–3,000 rad, a dose which is insufficient to locally control solid tumors. However, it has been demonstrated that external beam irradiation can result in significant symptomatic palliation in patients with metastatic disease to the liver. Response rates may be enhanced by combining radiation therapy with chemotherapy [1] or other agents which selectively sensitize the tumor relative to the normal tissue [2]. Ongoing research indicates that improved response rates may be achieved in primary hepatoma by multimodality programs combining radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and radiolabeled antibodies [3].KeywordsHepatic MetastasisExternal Beam IrradiationGallbladder CarcinomaExtrahepatic Bile DuctHepatic MalignancyThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Manual of water fluoridation practice.
Authors: F. J. Maier
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Foot morbidity and exposure to chiropody
Authors: Q. D Sandifer, J. Davies, S. Goh, B. Tom, I. Harvey, S. Frankel, R. Marks, D. Shalom, M. Morgan
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Editor—The paper by Harvey et al shows that the organisation of chiropody services in many parts of the country requires greater consideration by purchasers.1 Unfortunately, foot health problems remain of low status. Even in 1995, four years after Harvey et al carried out their study, over half (52%) of those needing chiropody in South Glamorgan had waited over 12 months for treatment after having received an initial assessment by a chiropodist and been assigned to a waiting list. Of these, nearly 12% had severe foot disease. 

South Glamorgan (now Bro Taf) Health Authority responded by extensively reviewing chiropody services and is currently implementing radical changes to the delivery of care. Key features of the service change since 1995 are: 



Referral from primary care only 


Introduction of packages of active care 


Improvement in skill mixing 


Increase in patient and professional education and training 


Reorganisation of clinics to realign the service with primary care and reduce the requirement for domiciliary care by developing transport arrangements for patients 


Abolition of priority groups and opening of the service to all patients on the basis of clinical need 


Introduction of surgical podiatry, supported by orthopaedic surgeons interested in forefoot surgery. 




Access has improved (measured by waiting times), and the types of problems referred indicate that foot disease rather than patient demand is starting to drive access. For example, in the first year after the change in the service the proportion of patients receiving chiropody who had diabetes increased from 8.5% to 10.4%. Important consequences for purchasers are, however, shown by a changing profile of care—during the first 12 months of the new service the manufacture and supply of orthoses increased by 65%. 

Our experience highlights the lack of research in and policy guidance on chiropody. A mixed economy has evolved to fill this void, with much of the expressed need being met by the private sector. Whether the NHS could meet this need even with the widespread introduction of the changes proposed by the NHS Executive is debatable.2 Adopting a problem focus, with or without the addition of managed access, will increase the pressure on resources. Purchasers who follow the recommendation of Harvey et al to target service provision at those with severe foot morbidity will still have to confront difficult choices about the degree of investment in foot care within the NHS. Unless this is increased, which seems unlikely, rationing will continue. If this becomes explicit and decision making is shared with patients then some progress will have been made.
762. Successful Use of Out-of-Frame Exon 2 Skipping Induces IRES-Driven Expression of the N-Truncated Dystrophin Isoform: Promising Approach for Treating Other 5’ Dystrophin Mutations
Authors: Nicolas Wein, Adeline Vulin, Maria S. Falzanaro, Cristina Al-Khalili Szigyarto, Baijayanta Maiti, Andrew Findlay, Kristin N. Heller, Mathias Uhlén, Baskar Bakthavachalu, Sonia Messina, Giuseppe L. Vita, Francesca Gualandi, Steve D. Wilton, Lin Yang, Diane M. Dunn, Daniel Schoenberg, Robert B. Weiss, Michael T. Howard, Alessandra Ferlini, Kevin M. Flanigan
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2014)

Successful Use of Out-of-Frame Exon 2 Skipping Induces IRES-Driven Expression of the N-Truncated Dystrophin Isoform : Promising Approach for Treating Other 5 ' Dystrophin Mutations