PB1896: ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA (AML): REAL-WORLD DATA FROM LEBANON
Authors: Lewis Nasr, Saada Diab, Intissar Yehia, Fadi Nasr
Journal: HemaSphere (2023)

Topic: 4. Acute myeloid leukemia - Clinical Background: The molecular characteristics of AML disease remain widely unknown in the population Lebanon. Real world data concerning epidemiology, applied treatment regimens, recurring cytogenetic abnormalities, genetic mutations and survival analysis is indispensable for understanding the quality of AML management in Lebanon. Unfortunately, there is a pronounced lack of study data in Lebanon. Aims: The primary aim of this study to describe the characteristics and survival outcomes of Lebanese patients, and to secondarily study the association between karyotype results at diagnosis and survival in the Lebanese population. Methods: This is a retrospective multi-center study involving Lebanese AML patients diagnosed between January 2008 and December 2021. Patent demographics, clinical presentation, clinical stage, and treatment plan were recorded at diagnosis where available. The last data update of the data was done in February 2022. Inclusion criteria comprised patients diagnosed with AML and receiving treatment with availability of data on all sequences of therapy. Patients diagnosed with AML-M3 (acute promyelocytic leukemia) were not included in the study. The probability of survival was estimated using Kaplan-Meier analysis with a confidence interval of 95%. Minimal residual disease data were unavailable in this cohort of patients. Results: 157 AML patients were diagnosed between January 2008 and December 2021. The mean age of the patients was 60.4 (range, 13-91). As for their gender, there was a mild male predominance where 54.78% were males and 45.22% were females. For the high-risk group, the mean PFS was estimated as 8.7 ± 3.29 months (range 2.25, 15.129). The intermediate risk group had a mean PFS of 24.16 ± 5.34 months (range 13.51, 34.81). Finally, the low-risk group had a mean PFS of 28.79 ± 7.89 months (13.14, 44.45). Chi-squared was 2.597 with a p-value = 0.107, which indicates that there was no statistically significant difference in PFS between different risk groups based on the karyotype. For the high-risk group, the OS time was 24.3 months. The intermediate risk group had an OS time of 29 months. Chi-squared was equal to 2.565 with a p-value= 0.109 which indicates that there was no statistically significant difference in OS between different risk groups based on the karyotype. Summary/Conclusion: There are several reasons that could explain why the three risk groups in our study had no significant difference in OS and PFS. It could be due to the small number of participants with evaluable datapoints for survival analysis and the lack of oncologic and molecular data. Our study is one of the first to describe the characteristics of AML patients in Lebanon. Prospective multicenter studies and an effective national registry are needed to clearly elucidate whether the Lebanese population has the same molecular and survival patterns as others described in international data. Keywords: Acute myeloid leukemia, Real world data, AML, Survival