tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Addressing Global Environmental Challenges to Mental Health Using Population Neuroscience
Authors: Gunter Schumann, Ole A. Andreassen, Tobias Banaschewski, Vince D. Calhoun, Nicholas Clinton, Sylvane Desrivieres, Ragnhild Eek Brandlistuen, Jianfeng Feng, Soeren Hese, Esther Hitchen, Per Hoffmann, Tianye Jia, Viktor Jirsa, Andre F. Marquand, Frauke Nees, Markus M. Nöthen, Gaia Novarino, Elli Polemiti, Markus Ralser, Michael Rapp, Kerstin Schepanski, Tamara Schikowski, Mel Slater, Peter Sommer, Bernd Carsten Stahl, Paul M. Thompson, Sven Twardziok, Dennis van der Meer, Henrik Walter, Lars Westlye, Andreas Heinz, Tristram Lett, Nilakshi Vaidya, Emin Serin, Maja Neidhart, Marcel Jentsch, Roland Eils, Ulrike-Helene Taron, Tatjana Schütz, James Richard Banks, Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg, Heike Tost, Nathalie Holz, Emanuel Schwarz, Argyris Stringaris, Nina Christmann, Karina Jansone, Sebastian Siehl, Helga Ask, Sara Fernández-Cabello, Rikka Kjelkenes, Mira Tschorn, Sarah Jane Böttger, Antoine Bernas, Lena Marr, Guillem Feixas Viapiana, Francisco José Eiroa-Orosa, Jaime Gallego, Alvaro Pastor, Andreas J. Forstner, Isabelle Claus, Abigail Miller, Stefanie Heilmann-Heimbach, Mona Boye, Johannes Wilbertz, Karen Schmitt, Spase Petkoski, Séverine Pitel, Lisa Otten, Anastasios-Polykarpos Athanasiadis, Charlie Pearmund, Bernhard Spanlang, Elena Alvarez, Mavi Sanchez, Arantxa Giner, Paul Renner, Yanting Gong, Yuxiang Dai, Yunman Xia, Xiao Chang, Jingyu Liu, Allan Young, George Ogoh
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2023)

Importance Climate change, pollution, urbanization, socioeconomic inequality, and psychosocial effects of the COVID-19 pandemic have caused massive changes in environmental conditions that affect brain health during the life span, both on a population level as well as on the level of the individual. How these environmental factors influence the brain, behavior, and mental illness is not well known. Observations A research strategy enabling population neuroscience to contribute to identify brain mechanisms underlying environment-related mental illness by leveraging innovative enrichment tools for data federation, geospatial observation, climate and pollution measures, digital health, and novel data integration techniques is described. This strategy can inform innovative treatments that target causal cognitive and molecular mechanisms of mental illness related to the environment. An example is presented of the environMENTAL Project that is leveraging federated cohort data of over 1.5 million European citizens and patients enriched with deep phenotyping data from large-scale behavioral neuroimaging cohorts to identify brain mechanisms related to environmental adversity underlying symptoms of depression, anxiety, stress, and substance misuse. Conclusions and Relevance This research will lead to the development of objective biomarkers and evidence-based interventions that will significantly improve outcomes of environment-related mental illness.
Training in Residency and Provision of Reproductive Health Services Among Family Medicine Physicians
Authors: Julia Strasser, Ellen Schenk, Qian Luo, Mandar Bodas, Olivia Anderson, Candice Chen
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Contraception and abortion services are essential health care, and family medicine (FM) physicians are an important part of the workforce providing this care. Residency could inform the reproductive health services FM physicians provide.To determine which residency training factors are associated with FM physicians' provision of reproductive health services to Medicaid beneficiaries.This cross-sectional, population-based observational study of inpatient and outpatient FM physicians who completed residency between 2008 and 2018 and treated at least 1 Medicaid beneficiary in 2019 was conducted from November 2022 to March 2023. The study used 2019 American Medical Association Masterfile and Historical Residency file, as well as the 2019 Transformed Medicaid Statistical Information System claims.Residency training in community-based or reproductive health-focused programs.The outcomes were providing the following to at least 1 Medicaid beneficiary in 2019: prescription contraception (pill, patch, and/or ring), intrauterine device (IUD) and/or contraceptive implant, and dilation and curettage (D&C). Odds of providing each outcome were measured using correlated random-effects regression models adjusted for physician, residency program, and county characteristics.In the sample of 21 904 FM physician graduates from 410 FM residency programs, 12 307 were female (56.3%). More than half prescribed contraception to Medicaid beneficiaries (13 373 physicians [61.1%]), with lower proportions providing IUD or implant (4059 physicians [18.5%]) and D&C (152 physicians [.7%]). FM physicians who graduated from a Reproductive Health Education in Family Medicine program, which fully integrates family planning into residency training, had significantly greater odds of providing prescription contraception (odds ratio [OR], 1.23; 95% CI, 1.07-1.42), IUD or implant (OR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.28-2.48), and D&C (OR, 3.61; 95% CI, 2.02-6.44). Physicians who completed residency at a Teaching Health Center, which emphasizes community-based care, had higher odds of providing an IUD or implant (OR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.19-1.91).In this cross-sectional study of FM physicians providing Medicaid service, characteristics of residency training including community-based care and integration of family planning training are associated with greater odds of providing reproductive health services. With growing reproductive health policy restrictions, providing adequate training in reproductive health is critical to maintaining access to care, especially for underserved populations.
Negative Hyperselection of Patients with HER2+ and <i>RAS</i> Wild-Type Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Receiving Dual HER2 Blockade: the PRESSING-HER2 Study
Authors: Giovanni Randon, Yoshiaki Nakamura, Rona Yaeger, Sara Lonardi, Chiara Cremolini, Elena Elez, Federico Nichetti, Filippo Ghelardi, Vincenzo Nasca, Francesca Bergamo, Veronica Conca, Javier Ros, Hideaki Bando, Giulia Maddalena, Simone Oldani, Michele Prisciandaro, Alessandra Raimondi, Alexa B. Schrock, Luca Agnelli, Henry Walch, Takayuki Yoshino, Filippo Pietrantonio
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2023)

Abstract Purpose: To demonstrate the negative prognostic impact of a panel of genomic alterations (PRESSING-HER2 panel) and lack of HER2 amplification by next-generation sequencing (NGS) in patients with HER2+, RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer receiving dual HER2 blockade. Experimental Design: The PRESSING-HER2 panel of HER2 mutations/rearrangements and RTK/MAPK mutations/amplifications was assessed by NGS. HER2 amplification was confirmed by NGS if copy-number variation (CNV) was ≥ 6. With a case–control design, hypothesizing 30% and 5% PRESSING-HER2 positivity in resistant [progression-free survival (PFS) &amp;lt;4 months and no RECIST response] versus sensitive cohorts, respectively, 35 patients were needed per group. Results: PRESSING-HER2 alterations included HER2 mutations/rearrangements, EGFR amplification, and BRAF mutations and had a prevalence of 27% (9/33) and 3% (1/35) in resistant versus sensitive patients (P = 0.005) and 63% predictive accuracy. Overall, HER2 nonamplified status by NGS had 10% prevalence. Median PFS and overall survival (OS) were worse in PRESSING-HER2+ versus negative (2.2 vs. 5.3 months, P &amp;lt; 0.001; 5.4 vs. 14.9 months, P = 0.001) and in HER2 nonamplified versus amplified (1.6 vs. 5.2 months, P &amp;lt; 0.001; 7.4 vs. 12.4 months, P = 0.157). These results were confirmed in multivariable analyses [PRESSING-HER2 positivity: PFS HR = 3.06, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.40–6.69, P = 0.005; OS HR = 2.93, 95% CI, 1.32–6.48, P = 0.007]. Combining PRESSING-HER2 and HER2 CNV increased the predictive accuracy to 75%. Conclusions: PRESSING-HER2 panel and HER2 nonamplified status by NGS warrant validation as potential predictive markers in this setting. See related commentary by Raghav et al., p. 260
Multimodal <scp>Single‐Cell</scp> Sequencing of B Cells in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome
Authors: Gustav Arvidsson, Paulo Czarnewski, Alina Johansson, Amanda Raine, Juliana Imgenberg‐Kreuz, Jessica Nordlund, Gunnel Nordmark, Ann‐Christine Syvänen
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2023)

Objective B cells are important in the pathogenesis of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). Patients positive for Sjögren's syndrome antigen A/Sjögren syndrome antigen B (SSA/SSB) autoantibodies are more prone to systemic disease manifestations and adverse outcomes. We aimed to determine the role of B cell composition, gene expression, and B cell receptor usage in pSS subgroups stratified for SSA/SSB antibodies. Methods Over 230,000 B cells were isolated from peripheral blood of patients with pSS (n = 6 SSA−, n = 8 SSA+ single positive and n = 10 SSA/SSB+ double positive) and four healthy controls and processed for single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) and single‐cell variable, diversity, and joining (VDJ) gene sequencing (scVDJ‐seq). Results We show that SSA/SSB+ patients present the highest and lowest proportion of naïve and memory B cells, respectively, and the highest up‐regulation of interferon‐induced genes across all B cell subtypes. Differential usage of IGHV showed that IGHV1‐69 and IGHV4‐30‐4 were more often used in all pSS subgroups compared with controls. Memory B cells from SSA/SSB+ patients displayed a higher proportion of cells with unmutated VDJ transcripts compared with other pSS patient groups and controls, indicating altered somatic hypermutation processes. Comparison with previous studies revealed heterogeneous clonotype pools, with little overlap in CDR3 sequences. Joint analysis using scRNA‐seq and scVDJ‐seq data allowed unsupervised stratification of patients with pSS and identified novel parameters that correlated to disease manifestations and antibody status. Conclusion We describe heterogeneity and molecular characteristics in B cells from patients with pSS, providing clues to intrinsic differences in B cells that affect the phenotype and outcome and allowing stratification of patients with pSS at improved resolution.
National Estimates of Gender-Affirming Surgery in the US
Authors: Jason D. Wright, Ling Chen, Yukio Suzuki, Koji Matsuo, Dawn L. Hershman
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

While changes in federal and state laws mandating coverage of gender-affirming surgery (GAS) may have led to an increase in the number of annual cases, comprehensive data describing trends in both inpatient and outpatient procedures are limited.To examine trends in inpatient and outpatient GAS procedures in the US and to explore the temporal trends in the types of GAS performed across age groups.This cohort study includes data from 2016 to 2020 in the Nationwide Ambulatory Surgery Sample and the National Inpatient Sample. Patients with diagnosis codes for gender identity disorder, transsexualism, or a personal history of sex reassignment were identified, and the performance of GAS, including breast and chest procedures, genital reconstructive procedures, and other facial and cosmetic surgical procedures, were identified.Weighted estimates of the annual number of inpatient and outpatient procedures performed and the distribution of each class of procedure overall and by age were analyzed.A total of 48 019 patients who underwent GAS were identified, including 25 099 (52.3%) who were aged 19 to 30 years. The most common procedures were breast and chest procedures, which occurred in 27 187 patients (56.6%), followed by genital reconstruction (16 872 [35.1%]) and other facial and cosmetic procedures (6669 [13.9%]). The absolute number of GAS procedures rose from 4552 in 2016 to a peak of 13 011 in 2019 and then declined slightly to 12 818 in 2020. Overall, 25 099 patients (52.3%) were aged 19 to 30 years, 10 476 (21.8%) were aged 31 to 40, and 3678 (7.7%) were aged12 to 18 years. When stratified by the type of procedure performed, breast and chest procedures made up a greater percentage of the surgical interventions in younger patients, while genital surgical procedures were greater in older patients.Performance of GAS has increased substantially in the US. Breast and chest surgery was the most common group of procedures performed. The number of genital surgical procedures performed increased with increasing age.
Leveraging Health Linkage Data From the UK Biobank—With Great Power Comes Great Responsibility—Reply
Authors: Najaf Amin, Rima Kaddurah-Daouk, Cornelia M. van Duijn
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
HDAC11 inhibition triggers bimodal thermogenic pathways to circumvent adipocyte catecholamine resistance
Authors: Emma L. Robinson, Rushita A. Bagchi, Jennifer L. Major, Bryan C. Bergman, Jennifer L. Matsuda, Timothy A. McKinsey
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2023)

Stimulation of adipocyte β-adrenergic receptors (β-ARs) induces expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), promoting nonshivering thermogenesis. Association of β-ARs with a lysine-myristoylated form of A kinase-anchoring protein 12 (AKAP12, also known as gravin-α) is required for downstream signaling that culminates in UCP1 induction. Conversely, demyristoylation of gravin-α by histone deacetylase 11 (HDAC11) suppresses this pathway. Whether inhibition of HDAC11 in adipocytes is sufficient to drive UCP1 expression independently of β-ARs is not known. Here, we demonstrate that adipocyte-specific deletion of HDAC11 in mice leads to robust induction of UCP1 in adipose tissue (AT), resulting in increased body temperature. These effects are mimicked by treating mice in vivo or human AT ex vivo with an HDAC11-selective inhibitor, FT895. FT895 triggers biphasic, gravin-α myristoylation-dependent induction of UCP1 protein expression, with a noncanonical acute response that is posttranscriptional and independent of protein kinase A (PKA), and a delayed response requiring PKA activity and new Ucp1 mRNA synthesis. Remarkably, HDAC11 inhibition promotes UCP1 expression even in models of adipocyte catecholamine resistance where β-AR signaling is blocked. These findings define cell-autonomous, multimodal roles for HDAC11 as a suppressor of thermogenesis, and highlight the potential of inhibiting HDAC11 to therapeutically alter AT phenotype independently of β-AR stimulation.
Trimethylamine N-Oxide and White Matter Hyperintensity Volume Among Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Naruchorn Kijpaisalratana, Zsuzsanna Ament, Matthew B. Bevers, Varun M. Bhave, Ana-Lucia Garcia Guarniz, Catharine A. Couch, M. Ryan Irvin, W. Taylor Kimberly
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Importance Although increasing evidence suggests that trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is associated with atherosclerosis, little is known about whether TMAO and its related metabolites (ie, choline, betaine, and carnitine) are associated with small vessel disease. Objective To evaluate the association between TMAO and its related metabolites with features of cerebral small vessel disease, including white matter hyperintensity volume (WMHV) and acute lacunar infarction. Design, Setting, and Participants This cross-sectional study included patients enrolled in the Specialized Programs of Translational Research in Acute Stroke biorepository. The registry included 522 patients with acute ischemic stroke who were 18 years or older who presented at the Massachusetts General Hospital or Brigham and Women’s Hospital within 9 hours after onset between January 2007 and April 2010. The analyses in this study were conducted between November 2022 and April 2023. Exposures Plasma TMAO, choline, betaine, and carnitine were measured by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Main Outcomes and Measures WMHV was quantified by a semiautomated approach using signal intensity threshold with subsequent manual editing. Ischemic stroke subtype was classified using the Causative Classification System. Results Among 351 patients included in this study, the mean (SD) age was 69 (15) years; 209 patients (59.5%) were male and had a median (IQR) admission National Institute of Health Stroke Scale of 6 (3-13). The magnetic resonance imaging subgroup consisted of 291 patients with a mean (SD) age of 67 (15) years. Among these, the median (IQR) WMHV was 3.2 (1.31-8.4) cm 3 . TMAO was associated with WMHV after adjustment for age and sex (β, 0.15; 95% CI, 0.01-0.29; P &amp;amp;lt; .001). TMAO remained significant in a multivariate analysis adjusted for age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, and smoking (β, 0.14; 95% CI, 0-0.29; P = .05). TMAO was associated with lacunar stroke but not other ischemic stroke subtypes in a model adjusted for age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, and smoking (OR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.05-2.66; P = .03). Conclusions and Relevance In this observational study, TMAO was associated with cerebral small vessel disease determined by WMHV and acute lacunar infarction. The association was independent of traditional vascular risk factors.
Genetic and Epigenetic Associations with Pre–Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Lung Function Trajectories
Authors: David J. Martino, Dinh S. Bui, Shuai Li, Sabrina Idrose, Jennifer Perret, Adrian J. Lowe, Caroline J. Lodge, Gayan Bowatte, Yuben Moodley, Paul S. Thomas, Graeme Zosky, Philip M. Hansbro, John W. Holloway, Cecilie Svanes, Rosa Faner, Eugene H. Walters, Shaymali C. Dharmage
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2023)

"Genetic and Epigenetic Associations with Pre–Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Lung Function Trajectories." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 208(10), pp. 1135–1137
Diffuse Cutaneous Aphthosis After Combined Targeted Cancer Therapies and Responsive to Pentoxifylline
Authors: Cecilia A. Larocca, Christopher J. Fay, Jesse P. Hirner, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, James M. Cleary, Anna K. Dewan, Nicole R. LeBoeuf
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2023)

This case series describes 3 patients who developed cutaneous aphthosis while taking an epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor in combination with an MEK inhibitor.
Human Infections With Swine Influenza Viruses Identified in US
Authors: Emily Harris
Journal: JAMA (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Coronary Venous Pressure and Microvascular Hemodynamics in Patients With Microvascular Angina
Authors: Helen Ullrich, Philipp Hammer, Maximilian Olschewski, Thomas Münzel, Javier Escaned, Tommaso Gori
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2023)

The role of the coronary venous circulation in regulating myocardial perfusion and its potential in treating microvascular angina is unexplored.To evaluate whether an increase in coronary venous pressure modifies microvascular resistance in patients with microvascular angina.This was a blinded, sham-controlled, crossover, randomized clinical trial that enrolled participants between November 2021 and January 2023. Participants for this physiology end point study were recruited from the Cardiology Center of the University of Medicine in Mainz, Germany. Patients with moderate/severe angina pectoris (Canadian Cardiovascular Society class 2-4) due to microvascular dysfunction (as defined by the thermodilution-based index of microvascular resistance >25 mm Hg × s). Exclusion criteria were epicardial coronary disease, second- and third-degree atrioventricular block, severe valvular heart disease, cardiomyopathy, and pulmonary or kidney disease.Inflation of an undersized balloon placed in the cardiac coronary sinus (CS), hereafter referred to as balloon and the deflated balloon in the right atrium, referred to as sham. Measurements were performed at rest and during maximal coronary hyperemia. Both patients and final assessors were blinded to the randomization sequence.Hemodynamic parameters, including aortic (Pa) and distal (Pd) coronary pressure, coronary sinus pressure (Pcs), right atrial pressure (Pra), and the mean transit time (inverse of blood flow [Tmn]), were measured.A total of 20 patients (median [IQR] age, 69 [64-75] years; 11 female [55.0%]) were included in the study. Two patients (10%) had diabetes, 6 (30%) had hypercholesterolemia, 15 (75%) had hypertension, and 3 (15%) were active smokers. The inflation of the CS balloon caused a significant increase in CS pressure at rest and during hyperemia (300% and 317% increase, respectively, compared with sham, both P < .001), a decrease in hyperemic distal coronary pressure (median [IQR], sham: 92 [80-100] mm Hg; balloon: 79 [75-93] mm Hg; P = .01) and mean transit time (sham: 0.39 [0.23-0.62] s; balloon: 0.26 [0.17-0.46] s; P = .008). As a result, CS occlusion led to a decrease in both resting coronary resistance (median [IQR], sham: 59 [37-87] mm Hg × s; balloon: 42 [31-67] mm Hg × s; P = .005) and the primary end point hyperemic coronary resistance (mean [IQR], sham: 31 [23-53] mm Hg × s; balloon: 14 [8-26] mm Hg × s; P < .001).Increased coronary venous pressure led to a reduction of microvascular resistances in patients with microvascular angina, a mechanism with potential implications for the therapy of this complex disease.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05034224.
Optimizing Uptake of Multimodal Pain Management After Surgery Using the Electronic Health Record
Authors: Tasce Bongiovanni, Elizabeth Lancaster, Matthias Behrends, Li Zhang, Elizabeth Wick, Andrew Auerbach, Mark J. Pletcher
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2023)

This quality improvement study evaluates the effect of an electronic health record intervention on multimodal pain management following surgery in 2 randomized clinical trials.