Abstract GS5-02: Neoadjuvant paclitaxel/olaparib in comparison to paclitaxel/carboplatinum in patients with HER2-negative breast cancer and homologous recombination deficiency – long-term survival of the GeparOLA study
Authors: Peter A. Fasching, Sabine Schmatloch, Jan Hauke, Julia Rey, Christian Jackisch, Peter Klare, Theresa Link, Claus Hanusch, Jens Huober, Andrea Stefek, Sabine Seiler, Wolfgang D. Schmitt, Christoph Uleer, Gabriele Doering, Kerstin Rhiem, Andreas Schneeweiss, Carsten Denkert, Rita K. Schmutzler, Eric Hahnen, Michael Untch, Valentina Nekljudova, Jens-Uwe Blohmer, Sibylle Loibl
Journal: Cancer Research (2023)

Abstract Background: The GeparOLA study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the combination of paclitaxel (P) plus olaparib (O) as part of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative, either hormone receptor (HR)-positive or HR-negative and homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) defined as having a g/tBRCA mutation and/or a high HRD score. Primary analysis showed a pCR rate of 55.1% (90% CI 44.5%-65.3%) with PO and 48.6% (90% CI 34.3%-63.2%) with P plus carboplatinum (Cb). The PO combination could not exclude a pCR rate of ≤55% in the PO arm but was significantly better tolerated. Analysis on the stratified subgroups showed higher pCR rates with PO in the cohorts of patients &amp;lt; 40 years and HR-positive tumors (Fasching Ann Oncol 2020). Here, we report long-term data. Methods: GeparOLA (NCT02789332) was a non-comparative, multicenter, prospective, randomized, open-label, phase II trial. Patients with primary HER2-negative breast cancer, HRD and indication for chemotherapy (cT2-cT4a-d or cT1c and cN+ or cT1c and pNSLN+ or cT1c and TNBC or cT1c and Ki-67 &amp;gt;20%) were randomly assigned to receive either P 80 mg/m2 weekly plus O 100 mg twice daily for 12 weeks or P plus Cb area under the curve 2 (AUC2) weekly for 12 weeks, both followed by four cycles of either 2-weekly or 3-weekly epirubicin 90 mg/m2 plus cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m2. Primary endpoint was pCR (ypT0/is ypN0) rate after NACT with PO followed by EC. Long-term efficacy endpoints included invasive disease-free survival (iDFS), distant disease-free survival (DDFS) and overall survival (OS). The time-to-event endpoints analysis is planned with median follow-up of at least 4 years and a follow-up completeness of at least 80%. Results: Between September 2016 and July 2018, 274 patients were screened, of whom 107 were randomized and 106 (PO N=69; PCb N=37) started treatment. The median age was 47.0 years (range 25.0-71.0); 32 patients were aged &amp;lt; 40 years; 36.2% of patients had cT1 tumors and 31.8% were cN-positive; the majority (86.8%) had grade 3 tumors and a Ki-67&amp;gt;20% (89.6%). Seventy-seven patients (72.6%) had TNBC. After a median follow-up of 49.8 months (range 0.1-69.1), 18 (15 in PO; 3 in PCb) iDFS events and 7 (6 in PO; 1 in PCb) deaths were reported. The 4-year survival rates are shown in the table below. iDFS (HR PO to PCb=2.86 [95%CI 0.83-9.9], log-rank p=0.081), DDFS (HR =3.03 [95%CI 0.67-13.67], log-rank p=0.129), and OS (HR=3.27 [95%CI 0.39-27.2], log-rank p=0.244) tended to be inferior with olaparib. Patients without g/tBRCA mutation seem to benefit from the use of carboplatinum (7/30 iDFS/DDFS events in PO; 0/16 in PCb, log-rank p=0.037, HR n.a.). Conclusions: In patients with HER2-negative and HRD breast cancer the use of olaparib instead of carboplatinum although showing comparable pCR rates, tended to result in an overall inferior outcome. This was mainly driven by the patients without a g/tBRCA mutation. In patients with a g/t BRCA mutation no difference between olaparib and carboplatinum was seen. Key words: Olaparib, HER2-negative breast cancer, HRD, survival Funding: The study was financially supported by AstraZeneca Citation Format: Peter A. Fasching, Sabine Schmatloch, Jan Hauke, Julia Rey, Christian Jackisch, Peter Klare, Theresa Link, Claus Hanusch, Jens Huober, Andrea Stefek, Sabine Seiler, Wolfgang D. Schmitt, Christoph Uleer, Gabriele Doering, Kerstin Rhiem, Andreas Schneeweiss, Carsten Denkert, Rita K. Schmutzler, Eric Hahnen, Michael Untch, Valentina Nekljudova, Jens-Uwe Blohmer, Sibylle Loibl. Neoadjuvant paclitaxel/olaparib in comparison to paclitaxel/carboplatinum in patients with HER2-negative breast cancer and homologous recombination deficiency – long-term survival of the GeparOLA study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr GS5-02.