tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pathogenesis of Urinary-Tract Infections in Children
Authors: Terry D. Allen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

Pathophysiology of PyelonephritisFor obvious reasons much of the knowledge concerning the early histologic changes in pyelonephritis is derived from experimental rather than clinical data. Because of the inherent resistance of the kidney to infection many of these experimental studies35,36, 41 42 43 44 45 have been carried out under circumstances so unphysiologic that direct application of the results to clinical problems cannot be made without some mental reservations. Nonetheless, they do provide a certain insight into the pathology of pyelonephritis not otherwise obtainable.Experimental Hematogenous PyelonephritisUnder normal circumstances, the injection of coliform organisms into the bloodstream does not produce an infection of the . . .
Long-Term Follow-Up of Patients With Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) Receiving Fludarabine Regimens as Initial Therapy
Authors: M.J. Keating, S. O’Brien, S. Lerner, C. Koller, M. Beran, L.E. Robertson, E. J Freireich, E. Estey, H. Kantarjian
Journal: Blood (1998)
Treating and Preventing Two Causes of Diarrhea, Isospora and Cyclospora Infection, in Patients with HIV
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Summaries for Patients6 June 2000Treating and Preventing Two Causes of Diarrhea, Isospora and Cyclospora Infection, in Patients with HIVSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-132-11-200006060-00036 SectionsAboutFull Text ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail What is the problem and what is known about it so far?Diarrhea is common in patients with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Infections with the organisms Isospora or Cyclospora frequently cause diarrhea in those patients. The antibiotic trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole is effective treatment for these infections, usually given at a dose of one tablet four times per day for 10 days. It is unknown whether lower doses or shorter courses of this antibiotic would be effective. Since these infections often come back if the treatment is stopped, patients are usually continued on the antibiotic (secondary prophylaxis). Unfortunately, some patients develop side ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The summary below is from the full report titled “Trimethoprim–Sulfamethoxazole Compared with Ciprofloxacin for Treatment and Prophylaxis of Isospora belli and Cyclospora cayetanensis Infection in HIV-Infected Patients. A Randomized, Controlled Trial.” It is in the 6 June 2000 issue of Annals of Internal Medicine (volume 132, pages 885-888). The authors are R.-I. Verdier, D.W. Fitzgerald, W.D. Johnson Jr., and J.W. Pape.Summaries for Patients are a service provided by Annals to help patients better understand the complicated and often mystifying language of modern medicine.Summaries for Patients are presented for informational purposes only. These summaries are not a substitute for advice from your own medical provider. If you have questions about this material, or need medical advice about your own health or situation, please contact your physician. The summaries may be reproduced for not-for-profit educational purposes only. Any other uses must be approved by the American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoTrimethoprim–Sulfamethoxazole Compared with Ciprofloxacin for Treatment and Prophylaxis of Isospora belli and Cyclospora cayetanensis Infection in HIV-Infected Patients Rose-Irene Verdier , Daniel W. Fitzgerald , Warren D. Johnson Jr. , and Jean William Pape Metrics 6 June 2000Volume 132, Issue 11Page: 855KeywordsAntibiotic prophylaxisAntibioticsCyclosporaDiarrheaHIV infectionsIsosporaIsosporiasisPreventive medicineProphylaxisSpecimen preparation and treatment ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 6 June 2000 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.Loading ...
Cholelithiasis and Spherocytosis in Peromyscus
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Reply
Authors: Burton Combes
Journal: Hepatology (2006)

We were not disheartened by our efforts in the PUMPS trial which did not show a positive effect of methotrexate on the course of PBC treated with UDCA alone. We were impressed, however, that it will take many patients, adequately controlled, and followed for many years if a positive effect of any therapy is to be demonstrated when the endpoints are complications of liver disease, transplant-free survival, and overall survival. We agree with Professor Jones and the other members of the Liver Research Group at Newcastle that improving the Quality of Life (QOL) even while not extending it is a very important objective of therapy, particularly in PBC. Parenthetically, we did assess QOL using a diary that carefully examined an incapacitation index and pruritus, and found no differences in the groups treated with methotrexate and UDCA or with UDCA alone. Our "pessimism" is based more on the numbers of patients it will take to demonstrate therapeutic effects on complications of liver diseases other than QOL. Hopefully, it may take many fewer subjects to show meaningful improvement in QOL. Burton Combes M.D.*, * The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX
EDITORIAL
Authors: Robin Graham-Brown
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

The annual scientific meeting of the British Association of Dermatologists has always been published in abstract form for the benefit of members of the Association and subscribers to the Journal. This year we are adding to that by publishing, in this issue a review of the meeting and some of its contents, kindly put together by David Eedy, one of our Section Editors1. The editorial team hopes that this will be a useful addition to the annual meeting abstracts and provide interesting reading for all of our subscribers.
Are esophageal motility abnormalities produced during the intraesophageal acid perfusion test?
Authors: J. E. Richter
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Many years ago, it was proposed that the symptoms of heartburn correlated more closely with acid-induced esophageal motility abnormalities than with the presence of inflammation. This concept, however, has not been evaluated by modern manometric techniques. We monitored intraesophageal pressures during acid perfusion (0.1N hydrochloric acid) in 17 reflux patients with gross esophagitis and positive pain response and 17 age-matched controls. Using a low-compliance infusion system, amplitude, duration, velocity, and the presence of simultaneous and repetitive contractions in the body of the esophagus were evaluated. Amplitude did not change in either group. Duration did increase significantly during acid perfusion in reflux patients, but not in controls. Mean duration between groups, however, was similar before and during acid perfusion. No simultaneous contractions were observed, while three patients and two controls had repetitive contractions. A significant decrease in velocity was observed in both groups during acid perfusion. These studies indicate that acid-induced motor abnormalities are neither a common accompaniment nor necessary for the production of acid-induced pain in the esophagus. (<i>JAMA</i>1985;253:1914-1917)
Influence of Age on Metal Metabolism and Toxicity
Authors: Krista Kostial, D. Kello, S. Jugo, I. Rabar, Tea Maljkovic
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1978)

The metabolism and toxicity of lead, cadmium, mercury, and manganese in the postnatal period was studied in rats. Absorption, whole body retention, and organ distribution of 203Pb, 115mCd, 203Hg, and 54Mn were determined after oral and parenteral administration of these radioisotopes. The acute oral toxicity (LD50) was determined after a single application of metal chlorides. The results obtained in sucklings show a very high intestinal absorption of all metals which is partly attributed to milk diet; a higher whole body retention, higher blood levels and a much higher accumulation in the brain; and a higher oral toxicity. These results indicate age specific differences in the pharmacokinetics of metals in sucklings. It seems reasonable to consider the early neonatal age as a critical period for metal accumulation and therefore for metal toxicity. The results are interpreted on the basis of current concepts of developmental physiology and pharmacology and suggestions for future research trends are made.
Abstract 5095: Statistical modeling of transcriptional regulatory states in single-cell RNA-Seq data of tumor and infiltrated immune cells
Authors: Changlin Wan, Wennan Chang, Xiaoyu Lu, Yifan Sun, Kaman So, Sha Cao, Xiongbin Lu, Chi Zhang
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Single-cell RNA-seq of tumor tissue has greatly strengthened our understanding of tumor development as well as the heterogeneous tissue micro-environment. Many models are dedicated to detect deferentially expressed genes among single cells of different conditions, or to discover (novel) sub-cell types via various clustering methods. However, current statistical models often neglect the zero/low expressions, and use one single modality to fit the rest of the non-zero ones. We believe that zero and low expressions are observed partly due to limited experimental resolution; on the other hand, occasionally, low expressions are falsely observed as non-zero due to the existence of incompletely degraded mRNA. In addition, the severe heterogeneity and fast dynamics of single cells makes it invalid to fit their expressions in one single modality. Here, we propose a left truncated mixture Gaussian (LTMG) distribution to uncover the multimodality in single cells’ gene expression while properly handling the zero and low expressions. LTMG is motivated by the kinetic relationships among the mRNA abundance, transcriptional regulatory signals (TRSs), and mRNA metabolism in a cell. Specifically, observations of a gene’s expression are fitted as mixture Gaussian distributions which assumes zero and low expressions as left censored data. By treating each mixing component as one state of the transcriptional regulators, we combined our LTMG model and our in-house bi-clustering algorithm to infer modules of genes co-regulated by certain (unknown) transcriptional regulatory signal, which is only shared by a subset of all the single cells. Application of the method to three high quality single-cell RNA-seq data sets of T cells extracted from liver, colon and lung cancer micro-environments, identified varied transcriptional regulations specific to subclasses of T cells. Citation Format: Changlin Wan, Wennan Chang, Xiaoyu Lu, Yifan Sun, Kaman So, Sha Cao, Xiongbin Lu, Chi Zhang. Statistical modeling of transcriptional regulatory states in single-cell RNA-Seq data of tumor and infiltrated immune cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5095.
The American Nurse censures the AMA
Authors: H. H. Hussey
Journal: JAMA (1976)

The American Medical Association has long had concern for and interest in the profession of nursing. In that connection, the July issue of<i>The American Nurse</i>, an official publication of the American Nurses' Association, quoted a resolution adopted by AMA's House of Delegates at the 1976 Annual Convention as follows. <i>Resolved</i>, that the American Medical Association encourage nursing schools, the American Nurses' Association, the National League for Nursing, and the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Hospitals to seek a revision of the curricula of all schools of nursing to provide a greater emphasis on clinical nursing; and be it further <i>Resolved</i>, that nursing positions of responsibility in hospitals be filled on the basis of ability and performance regardless of academic degree. Unfortunately, the anonymous writer in<i>The American Nurse</i>viewed the resolution as an "intrusion" by physicians into nursing affairs and expressed "... wonder how physicians might respond if the ANA
The diagnosis and treatment of genital herpes
Authors: L. Corey
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>Latency and Herpesvirus Infections</h3> The family of viruses called the herpesviruses is a fascinating and diverse group of agents. A unique, intriguing, and frustrating aspect of these agents is their ability to become latent and produce reactivation infections. While we will concentrate on the herpes simplex viruses in this article, the entire family of agents appears capable of producing latency. With both herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2), there are really two different forms of viral infection. In the acute form, what we would call a productive or lytic infection, the virus is replicating, producing mature virions, taking over the cell's machinery, causing cell death, and provoking the immune responses that are associated with recent or chronic infections. With both HSV-1 and HSV-2, a latent state of viral infection is established in the dorsal spinal ganglia of the host. At present there is little evidence of
Combined DNA repair gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in gemcitabine (gem)/cisplatin (cis)-treated non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients (p)
Authors: C. Sarries, V. Alberola, R. De Las Penas, C. Camps, B. Massuti, R. Garcia-Gomez, A. Insa, M. Sanchez-Ronco, M. Taron, R. Rosell
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

7031
THE INTERNATIONAL MADRID CONGRESS.
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Clinical Trials
Authors: RICHARD RIEGELMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

Letters and Corrections1 March 1984Clinical TrialsRICHARD RIEGELMAN, M.D., PH.D.RICHARD RIEGELMAN, M.D., PH.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-100-3-455 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The limitations of randomized trials for assessing the efficacy of prophylactic therapy and efficacy in clinical practice have recently been addressed by Feinstein (1). Controlled clinical trials are even more limited in their ability to assess safety.In assessing safety randomized trials are inherently limited by their size, duration, and failure to reflect the realities of clinical practice. For instance, a large randomized trial with 500 patients in each group has a 39% probability of seeing a side effect that occurs once in 1000 uses such as eye damage from practolol; a 5% probability of seeing a...References1. FEINSTEIN A. An additional basic science for clinical medicine. Ann Intern Med. 1983;99:393-7, 544-50, 705-12, 843-8. LinkGoogle Scholar2. SACKETT D. Compliance. In: INMAN WHW, ed. Monitoring for Drug Safety. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Co. 1980. Google Scholar3. SLONESHAPIROMIETTINENFINKLESTOLLEY DSOWP. Drug evaluation after marketing. Ann Intern Med. 1979;90:257-61. LinkGoogle Scholar4. . The Impact of Randomized Clinical Trials on Health in Policy and Medical Practice. OTA-BP-H-22, Washington D.C.: Office of Technology Assessment; 1983:32-3. OTA publication no. OTA-BP-H-22. Google Scholar5. . Postmarketing Surveillance of Prescription Drugs. Washington D.C.: Office of Technology Assessment; 1982:52. OTA publication no. OTA-H:189. Google Scholar1. FEINSTEIN A. An additional basic science for clinical medicine. Ann Intern Med. 1983;99:393-7, 544-50, 705-12, 843-8. LinkGoogle Scholar2. LAVORILOUISBAILARPOLANSKY PTJM. Designs for experiments—parallel comparisons of treatment. N Engl J Med. 1983;309:1291-9. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The George Washington University Medical Center Washington, D.C. 20037 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByAssessing and Reporting Adverse EffectsThe Pre-marketing Establishment of the Side-effect Profile of a New DrugThe Kerry Burke case and homoharringtonine 1 March 1984Volume 100, Issue 3Page: 455-456KeywordsClinical trialsRandomized trialsSafety Issue Published: 1 March 1984 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Special Resuscitation Situations
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Conditioning of runners for championship competition
Authors: F. Wilt
Journal: JAMA (1972)

The major qualities that runners seek to develop by training are speed and aerobic and anaerobic endurance. Training in the form of sprint, long-slow, long-fast, interval, repetition, and speed-play running contributes primarily to the development of one or the other of these three qualities, depending upon the pace involved. The total oxygen requirement for various racing distances is known. By examining the extent to which this requirement is met aerobically and anaerobically, it is possible to establish theoretically the percentage of training emphasis which should be devoted to aerobic endurance, anaerobic endurance, and speed when preparing to race at various distances. An examination of the training of selected champion runners shows they do not always follow what may be theoretically optimum training emphasis when preparing for championship competition.
The Significance of Tissue Cell Changes Preceding Uterine Cervix Carcinoma
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
From the Surgeon General, US Public Health Service
Authors: A. C. Novello
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal