tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Conflicting Duties to Patients: The Case of a Sexually Active Hepatitis B Carrier
Authors: HENRY S. PERKINS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

A hemodialysis nurse who is a hepatitis B carrier insists on continuing dialysis nursing and sexual relationships but refuses to inform her lovers. The implications of her stance pose an ethical problem for her physician: whether to keep confidentiality, whereby others may be exposed to her hepatitis, or to breach confidentiality in order to limit her patient care activities and to notify her lovers. Pertinent medical and epidemiologic facts, legal opinions, and ethical considerations are discussed. We propose that the physician's responsibility to keep an immediate patient's confidences outweighs the responsibility to protect others unless there is sound evidence for very certain, severe harm to specific others.
THE ALLEGED INCREASE IN INSANITY.
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prostate Cancer
Authors: John L. Zeller, Cassio Lynm, Richard M. Glass
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Prostate CancerT he prostate is a walnut-sized gland located just below the bladder in men.It surrounds the top portion of the male urethra (the tube that transports urine and semen out of the body).The gland' s main function is to produce semen (a thick fluid that nourishes and transports sperm).Prostate cancer (an abnormal, uncontrolled growth of cells originating in the prostate gland) is the most common cancer, and the third-leading cause of cancer deaths, among American men.About 1 man in 6 will be diagnosed with prostate cancer during his lifetime.Although about 80% of men who reach age 80 are found to have prostate cancer, this condition alone may not contribute to serious harm if it does not spread.The November 15, 2006, theme issue of JAMA on men' s health includes several articles dealing with prostate cancer.
Diagnosis of Nervous Diseases.
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Two Strains of Avian Sarcoma Virus Newly Isolated From Chick Fibrosarcomas Induced by Lymphatic Leukemia Virus Subgroup A in Two Lines of Chickens&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1984)
Diseases of the Skin; a Manual for Students and Practitioners.
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
U.S. trials show heroin not superior to morphine
Authors: Barbara Bolsen
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Contrary to its reputation as a uniquely effective analgesic used by British physicians to ease the pain of patients dying of cancer, heroin has emerged from clinical trials in the United States looking much like morphine, from which it is derived. Clinical comparisons of the two agents were begun several years ago at Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, and Memorial Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York City, in response to public pressure for legalization of heroin as a pain medication (<i>JAMA</i>MEDICAL NEWS 1978;240:1567-1575). The American Medical Association continues to oppose such legalization. In neither trial did heroin, also called diamorphine and diacetylmorphine, differ significantly from equianalgesic doses of morphine in its ability to relieve pain, alter mood, or cause side effects, according to pharmacologists Robert F. Kaiko, PhD, of Sloan-Kettering, and William T. Beaver, MD, of Georgetown. The Sloan-Kettering investigators found heroin to be twice as
Evolution of Language
Authors: William H. Strange
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article entitled "The Dominance of Scientific English" by Robertson and Robertson<sup>1</sup>is of interest. The plea for a single scientific English may be a good one, but each "language" developed by a process more complicated than a simple "split," as is generally the case, and languages once "split" scarcely ever reunite. The one standard scientific English will never be a reality. In fact, the problem may be how long the standard American English will remain "standard." It is being observed in our American educational system that fewer and fewer people learn to read at an advanced level. Many reasons are given, but rarely or never discussed is the simple fact that people throughout history have generally had a hankering for reading their spoken language and an aversion for reading foreign languages, including dialects that are not their spoken dialect. As painful as it may be
The Failure of Physician Education as a Cost Containment Strategy
Authors: Steven A. Schroeder
Journal: JAMA (1984)

To test the hypothesis that physician education is an effective strategy to reduce total hospital costs, we evaluated three educational interventions at a large university hospital. This prospective controlled study spanned two academic years and involved 1,663 patients and 226 house staff. In the first year, weekly lectures on cost containment (medicine and surgery) and audit with feedback (medicine only) both failed to produce a significant change in total hospital charges. The "dose" of the intervention was increased on medicine in the second year by combining the lecture and audit strategies. Again, total charges did not change significantly. While decreased use occurred for certain selected services, the impact was not great enough to affect total hospital charges significantly. We conclude that, in the absence of other cost containing incentives, physician education alone is not an effective hospital cost containment strategy. (<i>JAMA</i>1984;252:225-230)
Self-reported Breast Implants and Connective-Tissue Diseases in Female Health Professionals
Authors: Charles H. Hennekens
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To evaluate the association of breast implants with connectivetissue diseases. <h3>Design and Participants.</h3> —Retrospective cohort study of 395 543 female health professionals who completed mailed questionnaires for potential participation in the Women's Health Study. A total of 10830 women reported breast implants and 11 805 reported connective-tissue diseases between 1962 and 1991. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used in analyses. <h3>Main Outcome Measure.</h3> —Self-reported connective-tissue diseases. <h3>Results.</h3> —Compared with women who did not report breast implants, the relative risk (RR) of the combined end point of any connective-tissue disease among those who reported breast implants was 1.24(95% confidence interval, 1.08 to 1.41,<i>P</i>=.0015). With respect to the individual diseases, the finding for other connectivetissue diseases (including mixed) was statistically significant (<i>P</i>=.017), the findings for rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren's syndrome, dermatomyositis or polymyositis, or scleroderma were of borderline statistical significance (.05&lt;<i>P</i>&lt;.10), and the finding for systemic lupus erythematosus was not statistically significant (<i>P</i>=.44). There were no clear trends in RR with increasing duration of breast implants. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —These self-reported data from female health professionals are compatible with prior reports from other cohort studies that exclude a large hazard, but do suggest small increased risks of connective-tissue diseases among women with breast implants. The very large sample size makes chance an unlikely explanation for the results, but bias due to differential overreporting of connective-tissue diseases or selective participation by affected women with breast implants remains a plausible alternative explanation. The major contribution of this and other observational analytic studies has been to exclude large risks of connective-tissue diseases following breast implants. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1996;275:616-621)
The Neighborhood Health Center
Authors: David Kindig
Journal: JAMA (1970)

A public health nurse informs a pediatrician that a well baby has "some kind of a heart murmur." An internist and a family health worker make a home visit to an elderly patient with hypertension whose condition is out of control and who is unable to come to the health center because of the snow. A medical sociologist discusses with the medical staff the differences between what they thought they told the patient in the office and what the patient actually understood. A pediatric resident lectures a new group of public health nurses on "poisioning and accidents in childhood." A computerized medical audit shows that, contrary to the belief of the physicians, not all children registered in the center are immunized. A family health worker visits a patient's home to determine the reason for repeated broken appointments. Pediatric urine samples are routinely obtained to detect asymptomatic lead ingestion. A health
Specific Blastogenic Response of Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes From Lung Cancer Patients to a Fetal Lung Antigen
Authors: Sega, Ercole, Mottolese, Marcella, Curcio, Corrado Gallo, Citro, Gennaro
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1980)

Journal Article Specific Blastogenic Response of Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes From Lung Cancer Patients to a Fetal Lung Antigen Get access Ercole Sega, Ercole Sega Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Marcella Mottolese, Marcella Mottolese Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Corrado Gallo Curcio, Corrado Gallo Curcio Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Gennaro Citro Gennaro Citro Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 64, Issue 5, May 1980, Pages 1001–1006, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/64.5.1001 Published: 01 May 1980 Article history Received: 17 January 1979 Revision received: 14 June 1979 Accepted: 04 September 1979 Published: 01 May 1980
Tracheostomy in Children
Authors: C A Shinkwin, K P Gibbin
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1996)

Tracheostomy is more hazardous in children than in adults, and carries special risks in the very young. The past 20 years have seen a large shift in the age distribution of tracheostomy. Whereas formerly the operation was done largely for management of epiglottitis and laryngotracheobronchitis, today the prime indication is subglottic stenosis in infants consequent upon intubation for respiratory distress syndrome and prematurity. We have reviewed experience with 57 tracheostomies in 56 children under 12 years old managed from a university hospital. All operations were done as elective procedures, in standard fashion, by otolaryngologists. Forty (70%) were in children under 1 year old, the indications being upper airways obstruction (41), failed extubation (11), and long-term assisted ventilation (5). Subglottic stenosis was the commonest cause of obstruction (21 operations). In 91.4 accumulated years with a tracheostomy there were 11 complications related to tracheostomy, one of which (a blocked tube) was fatal. Thirty-nine children were decannulated, the mean duration of cannulation being 21 months. In this series we suggest that the low morbidity and mortality rates were due to management by otolaryngologists; to postoperative intensive care; and, for the majority cared for at home, to careful education of parents and visits by specialist nurses.
Serum Uric Acid and Cholesterol in Achievement Behavior and Motivation
Authors: Stanislav V. Kasl
Journal: JAMA (1970)

The major findings in this part of the study were (1) Students who are attending college, or are definitely planning to attend, had higher uric acid levels, above and beyond the association with high school grades. (2) There was a positive association between uric acid and activities, irrespective of whether they were the recognized extracurricular activities or the informal social and dating behavior. (3) Subjects with low uric acid levels had more unrealistic vocational expectations and perceptions than did subjects with high uric acid levels. (4) Cholesterol clearly showed a different pattern of associations than did uric acid.
Chemical Tests in the Diagnosis of Prostatic Carcinoma
Authors: George R. Prout
Journal: JAMA (1969)

The serum acid phosphatase (SAP) level is often valuable as an aid in establishing the diagnosis of prostatic carcinoma, but it is a poor substitute for a positive biopsy. The availability of semispecific tests like the SAP determination often prevent the logical progression of diagnostic events that are so often employed in establishing a diagnosis as serious as carcinoma. Certainly, a reasonable effort to obtain histologic proof of prostatic carcinoma is essential, particularly since the prostate is exceedingly available for biopsy, the morbidity and mortality are virtually nil, and the chance of success quite high. Systematic analysis of populations with prostatic carcinoma demonstrate that, in general, the more tumor tissue present, the more likely it is that the SAP level will be elevated. Woodard<sup>34</sup>and Fraley and Howard,<sup>35</sup>using a modification of the Bodansky<sup>36</sup>and Babson and Read<sup>37</sup>techniques, respectively, reported levels of activity in patients;
Leukemia and Lymphoma
Authors: Perry G. Rigby
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Ninety-two families whose probands had leukemia or lymphoma and 69 control families have been studied with an intensive interview technique. Twenty-one multiple family instances of leukemia and lymphoma have been recorded, and an impressive aggregate of neoplastic involvement was observed. No difference was detected in the exposure to various animal and other environmental agents by the methods employed between the leukemialymphoma group and the control group. The occurrence of leukemia and lymphoma was 2.5 times more frequent in the family members of the leukemia-lymphoma proband group than in the control group. These data suggest that hereditary factors are important in the etiology of leukemia and lymphoma.
Internal Derangement of the Knee
Authors: Otto E. Aufranc
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Dr. Kirby vonKessler: A 21-year-old man was in an accident while riding a motor bicycle. He entered an emergency ward at a nearby hospital, with multiple abrasions about his left knee. The knee was diffusely swollen and tender. X-ray films were interpreted as normal. After the abrasions were thoroughly cleansed and wrapped in sterile bandages, the patient was discharged using crutches. A loose body measuring approximately 2 cm in diameter was noted in the anterior portion of the joint space of the knee when a radiologist interpreted the x-ray films 72 hours later. The patient was then referred to the Massachusetts General Hospital. Because of this lapse of time, the abrasions were grossly infected. The patient could flex the knee to 70°, but was unable to extend it beyond 45° from full extension. A positive "anterior drawer sign" was present. Because the knee could not be fully extended, the stability
Maternal phenylketonuria.
Authors: D H Pullon, S D Macfarlane, I C Lyon
Journal: BMJ (1970)

A mother with phenylketonuria and hyperphenylalaninaemia of 960 mumol/L with four intellectually deficient offspring is described. In addition a mother with hyperphenylalaninaemia of 2100 mumol/L and two intellectually deficient microcephalic children is described. None of the affected children exhibited elevations of blood phenylalanine. In utero phenylalanine toxicity was considered a factor causing the handicaps.
SURGERY IN ACUTE HEPATITIS
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Highlights of This Issue
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Microenvironmental factors may promote metastatic dissemination of Multiple Myeloma (MM) especially to the skeleton, causing bone destruction. In this study, Cocco and colleagues investigated whether IL-27 may function as an antitumor agent by acting directly on MM cells and/or on osteoclasts/osteoblasts. They found that human IL-27 directly inhibited MM cell growth both in vitro and in vivo primarily through inhibition of angiogenesis. IL-27 also damped the differentiation and activity of osteoclasts, and stimulated osteoblast proliferation. These findings demonstrate that IL-27 may block MM progression and metastatic bone resorption, and could open new approaches for MM therapy.SF2/ASF is a pre-mRNA splicing factor recently described as an oncoprotein. In this study, Ezponda and colleagues explored its relevance in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). They found that SF2/ASF was upregulated in a high percentage of NSCLC tumors. Further, siRNA-mediated downregulation of SF2/ASF was found to promote survival of NSCLC cells by enhancing expression of survivin (an anti-apoptotic protein widely upregulated in cancer). Also, both SF2/ASF and survivin were implicated in lung cancer progression, as the combined expression of both factors was associated with poor prognosis.Cisplatin is a commonly prescribed chemotherapeutic agent that causes dose-limiting nephrotoxicity. Franke and colleagues evaluated the role of renal organic cation transporters (Oct1, Oct2) in cisplatin nephrotoxicity, as determined by urinary N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) activity. Cisplatin-treated Oct1/Oct2 knockout mice demonstrated increased survival and reduced nephrotoxicity. The Oct2 inhibitor cimetidine decreased cisplatin-induced NAG changes in wild-type mice to levels seen in knockout mice, but had no effect on OCT2 function in cancer cells. These results suggest that cimetidine can inhibit OCT2-mediated uptake of cisplatin in the kidney, and subsequently ameliorate nephrotoxicity with minimal effects on uptake in tumors.Targeting the anti-apoptotic BCL2 family is a promising area for anticancer drug development. One such inhibitor, ABT-263, has recently entered clinical trials in hematological malignancies, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Vogler and colleagues show that although ABT-263 is a potent inducer of apoptosis in CLL cells, it is less potent than the structurally related ABT-737 due to higher albumin binding. When tested in whole blood to mimic the in vivo situation, the activity of both inhibitors decreased ∼100-fold largely due to albumin binding. These results suggest that modification of ABT-263 may yield a BCL2-inhibitor with greater bioavailability and more favorable pharmacokinetics.