tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of Text Message Reminders and Vaccine Reservations on Adherence to a Health System COVID-19 Vaccination Policy
Authors: Mitesh S. Patel, Richard Fogel, Angela L. Winegar, Charles Horseman, Allison Ottenbacher, Saleem Habash, Jonathan L. Dukes, Teresa C. Brinson, Shanda C. Price, Frederick A. Masoudi, Joseph Cacchione, Baligh R. Yehia
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

Many organizations implemented COVID-19 vaccination requirements during the pandemic, but the best way to increase adherence to these policies is unknown.To evaluate if behavioral nudges delivered through text messages could accelerate adherence to a health system's COVID-19 vaccination policy.This randomized clinical trial was conducted within Ascension health system from October 11 to November 8, 2021. Participants included health system employees in the Midwest or South US who were not adherent with the vaccination policy 1 month before its deadline. Data were analyzed from November 17, 2021, to February 25, 2022.Participants were randomly assigned to control or to receive a text message intervention that stated a vaccine had been reserved for the participant, with a scheduled date for vaccination within a 2-week period. Participants could reschedule to a different date within the period or upload a copy of their vaccination card. Follow-up text message reminders were sent the day before and the day of the appointment.The primary outcome was adherence to the health system's vaccination policy during the 2-week intervention. Secondary outcomes included time to vaccination during a 4-week follow-up period.The sample included 2000 participants (mean [SD] age, 36.4 [12.3] years; 1724 [86.2%] women), with 1000 participants randomized to the control group and 1000 participants randomized to the intervention group. Overall, there were 164 Hispanic participants (8.2%), 46 non-Hispanic Asian participants (2.3%), 202 non-Hispanic Black participants (10.1%), and 1418 non-Hispanic White participants (70.9%). By the end of the 2-week intervention, 363 participants in the text message nudge group (36.3%) and 318 participants in the control group (31.8%) were adherent with the vaccination policy, representing a significant increase of 4.9 (95% CI, 0.8 to 9.1) percentage points in adjusted analyses comparing the nudge group with the control group (P = .02). Among participants who became adherent by the end of the 4-week follow-up period, the text message nudge significantly reduced time to adherence by a mean of 2.4 (95% CI, 2.1 to 4.7) days (P < .001) and a median of 5.0 (95% CI, 2.5 to 7.7) days (P < .001) compared with the control group. At 4 weeks, overall vaccination adherence was no longer different between groups (control: 477 participants [47.7%]; intervention: 472 participants [47.2%]).This randomized clinical trial found that a behavioral nudge delivered through text messages accelerated adherence to a health system's COVID-19 vaccination policy but did change overall adherence by the time of the policy deadline.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05037201.
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Plasma and Urine Biomarkers for CKD Outcomes
Authors: Caroline Liu, Neha Debnath, Gohar Mosoyan, Kinsuk Chauhan, George Vasquez-Rios, Celine Soudant, Steve Menez, Chirag R. Parikh, Steven G. Coca
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2022)

Significance Statement Biomarker studies in the setting of CKD have increased considerably within the past 15 years, but vary significantly by design and clinical context. The authors conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize the prognostic value of preclinical plasma and urine biomarkers for CKD outcomes (incident CKD, CKD progression, or incident ESKD), including 129 studies in the meta-analysis. Pooled risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) among some of the most studied CKD biomarkers were 2.17 (95% CI, 1.91 to 2.47) for plasma TNFR1, 1.21 (95% CI, 1.15 to 1.28) for plasma FGF23, 2.07 (95% CI, 1.82 to 2.34) for plasma TNFR2, 1.10 (95% CI, 1.05 to 1.16) for urine KIM-1, and 1.12 (95% CI, 1.06 to 1.19) for urine NGAL. The study’s findings suggest these biomarkers merit assessment of their performance in clinical practice. Background Sensitive and specific biomarkers are needed to provide better biologic insight into the risk of incident and progressive CKD. However, studies have been limited by sample size and design heterogeneity. Methods In this assessment of the prognostic value of preclinical plasma and urine biomarkers for CKD outcomes, we searched Embase (Ovid), MEDLINE ALL (Ovid), and Scopus up to November 30, 2020, for studies exploring the association between baseline kidney biomarkers and CKD outcomes (incident CKD, CKD progression, or incident ESKD). We used random-effects meta-analysis. Results After screening 26,456 abstracts and 352 full-text articles, we included 129 studies in the meta-analysis for the most frequently studied plasma biomarkers (TNFR1, FGF23, TNFR2, KIM-1, suPAR, and others) and urine biomarkers (KIM-1, NGAL, and others). For the most frequently studied plasma biomarkers, pooled RRs for CKD outcomes were 2.17 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.91 to 2.47) for TNFR1 (31 studies); 1.21 (95% CI, 1.15 to 1.28) for FGF-23 (30 studies); 2.07 (95% CI, 1.82 to 2.34) for TNFR2 (23 studies); 1.51 (95% CI, 1.38 to 1.66) for KIM-1 (18 studies); and 1.42 (95% CI, 1.30 to 1.55) for suPAR (12 studies). For the most frequently studied urine biomarkers, pooled RRs were 1.10 (95% CI, 1.05 to 1.16) for KIM-1 (19 studies) and 1.12 (95% CI, 1.06 to 1.19) for NGAL (19 studies). Conclusions Studies of preclinical biomarkers for CKD outcomes have considerable heterogeneity across study cohorts and designs, limiting comparisons of prognostic performance across studies. Plasma TNFR1, FGF23, TNFR2, KIM-1, and suPAR were among the most frequently investigated in the setting of CKD outcomes.
Cutaneous T-Cell–Rich Lymphoid Infiltrates After SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination
Authors: Madeline J. Hooper, Francesca L. Veon, Tessa M. LeWitt, Christopher Chung, Jaehyuk Choi, Xiaolong A. Zhou, Joan Guitart
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2022)

This case series study describes cutaneous T-cell–rich lymphoid infiltrates characterized by papulonodules on the trunk and/or extremities in 6 patients after receiving the Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 mRNA vaccine.
Nongenetic Factors Associated With Psychotic Experiences Among UK Biobank Participants
Authors: Bochao Danae Lin, Lotta-Katrin Pries, Halil Suat Sarac, Jim van Os, Bart P. F. Rutten, Jurjen Luykx, Sinan Guloksuz
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2022)

Although hypothesis-driven research has identified several factors associated with psychosis, this one-exposure-to-one-outcome approach fails to embrace the multiplicity of exposures. Systematic approaches, similar to agnostic genome-wide analyses, are needed to identify genuine signals.To systematically investigate nongenetic correlates of psychotic experiences through data-driven agnostic analyses and genetically informed approaches to evaluate associations.This cohort study analyzed data from the UK Biobank Mental Health Survey from January 1 to June 1, 2021. An exposome-wide association study was performed in 2 equal-sized split discovery and replication data sets. Variables associated with psychotic experiences in the exposome-wide analysis were tested in a multivariable model. For the variables associated with psychotic experiences in the final multivariable model, the single-nucleotide variant-based heritability and genetic overlap with psychotic experiences using linkage disequilibrium score regression were estimated, and mendelian randomization (MR) approaches were applied to test potential causality. The significant associations observed in 1-sample MR analyses were further tested in multiple sensitivity tests, including collider-correction MR, 2-sample MR, and multivariable MR analyses.After quality control based on a priori criteria, 247 environmental, lifestyle, behavioral, and economic variables.Psychotic experiences.The study included 155 247 participants (87 896 [57%] female; mean [SD] age, 55.94 [7.74] years). In the discovery data set, 162 variables (66%) were associated with psychotic experiences. Of these, 148 (91%) were replicated. The multivariable analysis identified 36 variables that were associated with psychotic experiences. Of these, 28 had significant genetic overlap with psychotic experiences. One-sample MR analyses revealed forward associations with 3 variables and reverse associations with 3. Forward associations with ever having experienced sexual assault and pleiotropy of risk-taking behavior and reverse associations without pleiotropy of experiencing a physically violent crime as well as cannabis use and the reverse association with pleiotropy of worrying too long after embarrassment were confirmed in sensitivity tests. Thus, associations with psychotic experiences were found with both well-studied and unexplored multiple correlated variables. For several variables, the direction of the association was reversed in the final multivariable and MR analyses.The findings of this study underscore the need for systematic approaches and triangulation of evidence to build a knowledge base from ever-growing observational data to guide population-level prevention strategies for psychosis.
Chondro‐Inductive b‐TPUe‐Based Functionalized Scaffolds for Application in Cartilage Tissue Engineering
Authors: Daniel Martínez‐Moreno, Desiré Venegas‐Bustos, Guillermo Rus, Patricia Gálvez‐Martín, Gema Jiménez, Juan Antonio Marchal
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2022)

Osteoarthritis is a disease with a great socioeconomic impact and mainly affects articular cartilage, a tissue with reduced self-healing capacity. In this work, 3D printed 1,4 butanediol thermoplastic polyurethane (b-TPUe) scaffolds are functionalized and infrapatellar mesenchymal stem cells are used as the cellular source. Since b-TPUe is a biomaterial with mechanical properties similar to cartilage, but it does not provide the desired environment for cell adhesion, scaffolds are functionalized with two methods, one based on collagen type I and the other in 1-pyrenebutiric acid (PBA) as principal components. Alamar Blue and confocal assays display that PBA functionalized scaffolds support higher cell adhesion and proliferation for the first 21 days. However, collagen type I functionalization induces higher proliferation rates and similar cell viability than the PBA method. Further, both functionalization methods induce extracellular matrix synthesis, and the presence of chondrogenic markers (Sox9, Col2a, and Acan). Finally, SEM images probe that functionalized 3D printed scaffolds present much better cell/biomaterial interactions than controls and confirm early chondrogenesis. These results indicate that the two methods of functionalization in the highly hydrophobic b-TPUe enhance the cell-biomaterial interactions and the improvement in the chondro-inductive properties, which have great potential for application in cartilage tissue engineering.
Small Extracellular Vesicles Secreted by Nigrostriatal Astrocytes Rescue Cell Death and Preserve Mitochondrial Function in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Loredana Leggio, Francesca L'Episcopo, Andrea Magrì, María José Ulloa‐Navas, Greta Paternò, Silvia Vivarelli, Carlos A. P. Bastos, Cataldo Tirolo, Nunzio Testa, Salvatore Caniglia, Pierpaolo Risiglione, Fabrizio Pappalardo, Alessandro Serra, Patricia García‐Tárraga, Nuno Faria, Jonathan J. Powell, Luca Peruzzotti‐Jametti, Stefano Pluchino, José Manuel García‐Verdugo, Angela Messina, Bianca Marchetti, Nunzio Iraci
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2022)

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as powerful players in cell-to-cell communication both in healthy and diseased brain. In Parkinson's disease (PD)-characterized by selective dopaminergic neuron death in ventral midbrain (VMB) and degeneration of their terminals in striatum (STR)-astrocytes exert dual harmful/protective functions, with mechanisms not fully elucidated. Here, this study shows that astrocytes from the VMB-, STR-, and VMB/STR-depleted brains release a population of small EVs in a region-specific manner. Interestingly, VMB-astrocytes secreted the highest rate of EVs, which is further exclusively increased in response to CCL3, a chemokine that promotes robust dopaminergic neuroprotection in different PD models. The neuroprotective potential of nigrostriatal astrocyte-EVs is investigated in differentiated versus undifferentiated SH-SY5Y cells exposed to oxidative stress and mitochondrial toxicity. EVs from both VMB- and STR-astrocytes counteract H
Cerebrovascular Disease and Sleep-Disordered Breathing Need to Be Accounted for in Cognitive Impairment Following COVID-19
Authors: George D. Vavougios, Vasileios Stavrou, Konstantinos I. Gourgoulianis
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2022)

Cerebrovascular Disease and Sleep-Disordered Breathing Need to Be Accounted for in Cognitive Impairment Following COVID-19—Reply
NT-proBNP in Early Pregnancy and Future Hypertension—More Explorations Needed
Authors: Chunyan Li, Wenquan Niu
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Cardiology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Cardiology journal
The Codon Statistics Database: A Database of Codon Usage Bias
Authors: Krishnamurthy Subramanian, Bryan Payne, Felix Feyertag, David Alvarez-Ponce
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2022)

Abstract We present the Codon Statistics Database, an online database that contains codon usage statistics for all the species with reference or representative genomes in RefSeq (over 15,000). The user can search for any species and access two sets of tables. One set lists, for each codon, the frequency, the Relative Synonymous Codon Usage, and whether the codon is preferred. Another set of tables lists, for each gene, its GC content, Effective Number of Codons, Codon Adaptation Index, and frequency of optimal codons. Equivalent tables can be accessed for (1) all nuclear genes, (2) nuclear genes encoding ribosomal proteins, (3) mitochondrial genes, and (4) chloroplast genes (if available in the relevant assembly). The user can also search for any taxonomic group (e.g., “primates”) and obtain a table comparing all the species in the group. The database is free to access without registration at http://codonstatsdb.unr.edu.
Fibre intake for optimal health: how can healthcare professionals support people to reach dietary recommendations?
Authors: Nicola M McKeown, George C Fahey, Joanne Slavin, Jan-Willem van der Kamp
Journal: BMJ (2022)

<b>Nicola M McKeown and colleagues</b> advocate for the importance of translating the health impact of high fibre diets to patients and clients, with emphasis placed on incorporating a variety of plant based foods to achieve dietary fibre recommendations
Rescue of autosomal dominant hearing loss by in vivo delivery of mini dCas13X-derived RNA base editor
Authors: Qingquan Xiao, Zhijiao Xu, Yuanyuan Xue, Chunlong Xu, Lei Han, Yuanhua Liu, Fang Wang, Runze Zhang, Shuang Han, Xing Wang, Geng-Lin Li, Huawei Li, Hui Yang, Yilai Shu
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2022)

Programmable RNA editing tools enable the reversible correction of mutant transcripts, reducing the potential risk associated with permanent genetic changes associated with the use of DNA editing tools. However, the potential of these RNA tools to treat disease remains unknown. Here, we evaluated RNA correction therapy with Cas13-based RNA base editors in the myosin VI p.C442Y heterozygous mutation (Myo6C442Y/+) mouse model that recapitulated the phenotypes of human dominant-inherited deafness. We first screened several variants of Cas13-based RNA base editors and guide RNAs (gRNAs) targeting Myo6C442Y in cultured cells and found that mini dCas13X.1-based adenosine base editor (mxABE), composed of truncated Cas13X.1 and the RNA editing enzyme adenosine deaminase acting on RNA 2 deaminase domain variant (ADAR2ddE488Q), exhibited both high efficiency of A > G conversion and low frequency of off-target edits. Single adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated delivery of mxABE in the cochlea corrected the mutated Myo6C442Y to Myo6WT allele in homozygous Myo6C442Y/C442Y mice and resulted in increased Myo6WT allele in the injected cochlea of Myo6C442Y/+ mice. The treatment rescued auditory function, including auditory brainstem response and distortion product otoacoustic emission up to 3 months after AAV-mxABE-Myo6 injection in Myo6C442Y/+ mice. We also observed increased survival rate of hair cells and decreased degeneration of hair bundle morphology in the treated compared to untreated control ears. These findings provide a proof-of-concept study for RNA editing tools as a therapeutic treatment for various semidominant forms of hearing loss and other diseases.
Epigenetic genes and epilepsy — emerging mechanisms and clinical applications
Authors: Karen M. J. Van Loo, Gemma L. Carvill, Albert J. Becker, Karen Conboy, Alica M. Goldman, Katja Kobow, Iscia Lopes-Cendes, Christopher A. Reid, Erwin A. van Vliet, David C. Henshall
Journal: Nature Reviews Neurology (2022)
Abstract 20547: AMSA-Based Shock Decision: a Human Retrospective Analyses During Pre-Hospital CPR Intervention
Authors: Giuseppe Ristagno, Qing Tan, Weilun Quan, Gary Freeman, Joe Bisera, Wanchun Tang
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Electrical defibrillation (DF) is the only intervention to terminate ventricular fibrillation (VF) cardiac arrest. Nevertheless, decision of interrupting CPR for delivering of a DF migh...
Author Correction: Metabolomic profiling reveals extensive adrenal suppression due to inhaled corticosteroid therapy in asthma
Authors: Priyadarshini Kachroo, Isobel D. Stewart, Rachel S. Kelly, Meryl Stav, Kevin Mendez, Amber Dahlin, Djøra I. Soeteman, Su H. Chu, Mengna Huang, Margaret Cote, Hanna M. Knihtilä, Kathleen Lee-Sarwar, Michael McGeachie, Alberta Wang, Ann Chen Wu, Yamini Virkud, Pei Zhang, Nicholas J. Wareham, Elizabeth W. Karlson, Craig E. Wheelock, Clary Clish, Scott T. Weiss, Claudia Langenberg, Jessica A. Lasky-Su
Journal: Nature Medicine (2022)
A roadmap for serum biomarkers for hepatitis B virus: current status and future outlook
Authors: Anna Kramvis, Kyong-Mi Chang, Maura Dandri, Patrizia Farci, Dieter Glebe, Jianming Hu, Harry L. A. Janssen, Daryl T. Y. Lau, Capucine Penicaud, Teresa Pollicino, Barbara Testoni, Florian Van Bömmel, Ourania Andrisani, Maria Beumont-Mauviel, Timothy M. Block, Henry L. Y. Chan, Gavin A. Cloherty, William E. Delaney, Anna Maria Geretti, Adam Gehring, Kathy Jackson, Oliver Lenz, Mala K. Maini, Veronica Miller, Ulrike Protzer, Jenny C. Yang, Man-Fung Yuen, Fabien Zoulim, Peter A. Revill
Journal: Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology (2022)
Dual Inhibition of CDK12/CDK13 Targets Both Tumor and Immune Cells in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Lin Cheng, Shichao Zhou, Shaoqing Zhou, Kaixuan Shi, Yan Cheng, Mei-Chun Cai, Kaiyan Ye, Lifeng Lin, Zhenfeng Zhang, Chenqiang Jia, Huaijiang Xiang, Jingyu Zang, Meiying Zhang, Xia Yin, Ying Li, Wen Di, Guanglei Zhuang, Li Tan
Journal: Cancer Research (2022)

Abstract Therapeutic perturbation of cyclin-dependent kinase 12 (CDK12) is proposed to have pleiotropic effects in ovarian cancer, including direct cytotoxicity against tumor cells and indirect induction of immunogenicity that confer synthetic sensitivity to immune-based treatment. However, formal testing of this hypothesis has been hindered by an insufficient mechanistic understanding of CDK12 and its close homolog CDK13, as well as generally unfavorable pharmacokinetics of available CDK12/CDK13 covalent inhibitors. In this study, we used an innovative arsenous warhead modality to develop an orally bioavailable CDK12/CDK13 covalent compound. The dual CDK12/CDK13 inhibitors ZSQ836 exerted potent anticancer activity in cell culture and mouse models and induced transcriptional reprogramming, including downregulation of DNA damage response genes. CDK12 and CDK13 were both ubiquitously expressed in primary and metastatic ovarian cancer, and the two kinases performed independent and synergistic functions to promote tumorigenicity. Unexpectedly, although ZSQ836 triggered genomic instability in malignant cells, it counterintuitively impaired lymphocytic infiltration in neoplastic lesions by interfering with T-cell proliferation and activation. These findings highlight the Janus-faced effects of dual CDK12/CDK13 inhibitors by simultaneously suppressing tumor and immune cells, offering valuable insights into the future direction of drug discovery to pharmacologically target CDK12. Significance: This study dissects the specific roles of CDK12 and CDK13 in ovarian cancer and develops a CDK12/CDK13 inhibitor that impairs both tumor and immune cells, which could guide future CDK12 inhibitor development.
A complex systems approach to aging biology
Authors: Alan A. Cohen, Luigi Ferrucci, Tamàs Fülöp, Dominique Gravel, Nan Hao, Andres Kriete, Morgan E. Levine, Lewis A. Lipsitz, Marcel G. M. Olde Rikkert, Andrew Rutenberg, Nicholas Stroustrup, Ravi Varadhan
Journal: Nature Aging (2022)

Having made substantial progress understanding molecules, cells, genes and pathways, aging biology research is now moving toward integration of these parts, attempting to understand how their joint dynamics may contribute to aging. Such a shift of perspective requires the adoption of a formal complex systems framework, a transition being facilitated by large-scale data collection and new analytical tools. Here, we provide a theoretical framework to orient researchers around key concepts for this transition, notably emergence, interaction networks and resilience. Drawing on evolutionary theory, network theory and principles of homeostasis, we propose that organismal function is accomplished by the integration of regulatory mechanisms at multiple hierarchical scales, and that the disruption of this ensemble causes the phenotypic and functional manifestations of aging. We present key examples at scales ranging from sub-organismal biology to clinical geriatrics, outlining how this approach can potentially enrich our understanding of aging. The authors discuss how adopting a complex systems perspective is a crucial step in advancing our understanding of the aging process and requires fundamental alteration of the questions being asked and the methods used to answer them.