tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Intracranial Tuberculoma Coexistent With Uncinate Seizures and Violent Behavior
Authors: Richard H. Simon
Journal: JAMA (1981)

SYMPTOMATIC intracranial tuberculoma is a rare CNS manifestation of<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>infection in the United States but is common in India, Africa, and South America. We describe a patient with a four-year history of uncinate seizures and violent behavior who had a temporal lobe tuberculoma. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> An emaciated, 41-year-old man complained of persistent hiccoughs, vomiting, and headache. Four years earlier, he began to experience a sense of depersonalization, coexistent with the perception of a putrid odor. Thereafter, he was unable to recall his actions. During one of these periods, he killed his wife. During his three-year incarceration, he had more frequent olfactory hallucinations that could then also be associated with dyspepsia, hiccoughs, nausea, and headache. Major motor seizures did not occur. A physical examination disclosed draining axillary adenopathy. A biopsy specimen demonstrated a granulomatous process with multinucleated giant cells and central necrosis. Neither acid-fast bacilli nor fungi
Multiple Cutaneous Papillomas and Carcinomas That Develop Spontaneously in a Mouse Mutant, the Repeated Epilation Heterozygote &lt;italic&gt;Er&lt;/italic&gt;/+&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1985)

Journal Article Multiple Cutaneous Papillomas and Carcinomas That Develop Spontaneously in a Mouse Mutant, the Repeated Epilation Heterozygote Er/+ Get access Marvin A. Lutzner, Marvin A. Lutzner Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Jean-Louis Guenet, Jean-Louis Guenet Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Françoise Breitburd Françoise Breitburd Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 75, Issue 1, July 1985, Pages 161–166, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/75.1.161 Published: 01 July 1985 Article history Received: 30 November 1984 Accepted: 29 March 1985 Published: 01 July 1985
Bleeding oesophageal varices.
Authors: I E Gillespie
Journal: BMJ (1986)

Bleeding oesophageal varicesBleeding from oesophageal varices is one of the most dramatic, urgent, frightening, and life threatening events for a patient.Its swift and accurate diagnosis and confident and effective management remain one of the most challenging clinical exercises in medicine.The diagnosis having been made, what is the method of choice for arresting the bleeding-and minimising the chances of recurrence?Firstly, we have available two temporary measures to control immediate bleeding-intravenous administration of vasopressin and the Sengstaken-Blakemore tube.Either may help to bring the escape of blood under control-buying time for a more definitive attack on the varices with the patient more stable.
Hypoproteinemia and Anemia in Infants With Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Peter A. Lee
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Infants with cystic fibrosis occasionally may present with a symptom complex of anemia, hypoproteinemia, and edema. Case reports of seven infants between the ages of 1 to 4 months who developed these abnormalities indicate that in several instances the children's condition was misdiagnosed as milk-sensitivity or milk-allergy. Furthermore, their case histories verify that their hypoalbuminemia and anemia is nutritional and is corrected when a readily absorbed diet with a pancreatic-enzyme supplement is given. A retrospective review of feeding histories of 100 infants with cystic fibrosis, as well as these case reports, indicate that affected children who are breast-fed or fed with soy-based formulas are more likely to develop the syndrome. (<i>JAMA</i>228:585-588, 1974)
Systemic corticosteroids in the phenytoin hypersensitivity syndrome
Authors: S. CHOPRA, N.J. LEVELL, G. COWLEY, J.J.H. GILKES
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

Journal Article Systemic corticosteroids in the phenytoin hypersensitivity syndrome Get access S. CHOPRA, S. CHOPRA Department of Dermatology, University College London Hospitals, London U.K. Dr. S. Chopra, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University College London Medical School, Rayne Institute, 5 University Street, London WCIE 6JJ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N.J. LEVELL, N.J. LEVELL Department of Dermatology, University College London Hospitals, London U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. COWLEY, G. COWLEY Departments of Histopathology, University College London Hospitals, London U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.J.H. GILKES J.J.H. GILKES Department of Dermatology, University College London Hospitals, London U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 134, Issue 6, 1 June 1996, Pages 1109–1112, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1996.d01-912.x Published: 01 June 1996 Article history Accepted: 21 July 1995 Published: 01 June 1996
The Examination of the Function of the Intestines, by Means of the Test-Diet, Its Application in Medical Practice and Its Diagnostic and Therapeutic Value.
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Computed Tomographic Scan Premedication in Children
Authors: Mark L. Cohen
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The report of Mitchell et al on the adverse effects of computed tomographic (CT) scan premedication in children (1982;247:2385) was both informative and disturbing. Surely an adverse reaction rate of 13% is uncomfortably high; more unsettling, however, is the fact that so many of these reactions were associated with excessive doses, multiple medications, or both. The choice of premedication in a teaching hospital is usually left to the house officer and is often variable, arbitrary, and dictated by personal or anecdotal experience; the results may be bad. I offer two suggestions. First, more studies like this one are urgently needed. Perhaps the Food and Drug Administration could use established mechanisms of adverse-effect reporting to gather data on current practices and hazards of premedication in children who undergo CT scans, cardiac catheterization, or minor surgery. Second, the responsibility for choosing premedication regimens should not lie with the resident—at
Brave new technologies issue
Authors: J. A S Dickson, K. J Russell, T. Fenton, P. Herbert, D. Roskell, R. A Fisken, A. Morgan, M. A Swerdloff, S. Lightman, R. Bailey, R. Smith
Journal: BMJ (2000)

An obturator hernia is a rare condition and an unusual cause of intestinal obstruction. With a challenging diagnosis, it has one of the highest mortality rates of all abdominal wall hernias. The authors present a case of an elderly woman with bowel obstruction secondary to an incarcerated obturator hernia. An 80-year-old woman presented at the emergency room with complaints for the last 2 days of nausea, vomiting, constipation and lower right abdominal pain that radiated down to the right medial thigh. Abdominal tenderness to deep palpation of the right iliac fossa and mildly distention were noted. A CT scan demonstrated bowel obstruction secondary to an incarcerated obturator hernia. The patient underwent emergency exploratory laparotomy. The incarcerated bowel was reduced and the defect was repaired with a plug of polypropylene mesh covered with peritoneum. The patient had an uneventful postoperative period and was discharged on the fifth postoperative day.
Acute Myoglobinuria With Or Without Drug Usage
Authors: Martin A. Tuller
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The report of Richter et al on myoglobinuria associated with heroin addiction (<b>216</b>:1172 1971) described four patients with a syndrome involving skeletal muscles which was both clinically and pathologically distinctive. In each instance, onset of illness followed heroin use. Two of the four developed renal failure, presumably related to myoglobinuria. In one, death followed ten days of coma. With these exceptions, dysfunction of other organ systems was not striking, nor were there notable alterations in blood chemistry values (excluding, of course, elevation of enzyme levels reflecting muscle necrosis). Since May 1970, I have personally seen 17 patients with rhabdomyolysis and myoglobinuria,<sup>1</sup>15 at the Queens Hospital Center, two at the Long Island Jewish Medical Center. The diffuse inflammation of muscle described by Richter was the same, and the microscopic abnormalities in my patients were identical to those illustrated in their article. In no case could
Rat Mite Dermatitis
Authors: George W. Hetherington
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<i>A 60-year-old woman presented with nonspecific dermatitis that was traced directly to tropical rat mites</i>(Ornithonyssus bacoti)<i>which occupied her rat-infested home. These mites and their rat hosts are prevalent in the United States and many parts of the world, and not infrequently man serves as a convenient alternate host. The dermatitis is usually not severe but may be persistent and puzzling diagnostically if mites are not suspected. Elimination of the mites and rats results in prompt resolution.</i>
Blood Donation by Patients With Hemochromatosis
Authors: H. Larry Penning
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —When has a purely altruistic motive assured an inviolate product for transfusion? Thanks to the thorough testing performed on blood obtained from very well-intended donors, many continue to be identified as being unsuitable as sources for transfusion. Even those with the very best of intentions can and do harbor HIV-1, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C. Hemochromatosis is a common genetic disorder. Its frequency ranges from between one and two per 400 in the white population with a lesser frequency in other groups.<sup>1</sup>Unfortunately, many with this disorder go undetected until they have accumulated better than half a lifetime of excess iron. Those fortunate enough to be identified before advanced iron-related damage occurs can lead otherwise normal lives if they undergo a lifelong course of phlebotomy at regular intervals. These individuals offer what is entirely overlooked in Grindon's response.<sup>2</sup>Here is an opportunity for a "win-win"
Ten Thousand Cases of Leukemia: 1940–62
Authors: Sidney J. Cutler, Sc.D., Lillian Axtell, Herman Heise
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1967)

This review of 10,148 patients with leukemia diagnosed and treated in 98 different hospitals of various types and sizes indicates the major changes that have taken place during the 23-year period, 1940–62. These data provide a measure of the extent. to which the therapeutic advances developed in specialty centers have benefited the general run of patients. The data reveal that increased use of chemotherapy was associated with improved prognosis, more so for lymphocytic leukemia than the myelogenous form and more so in children than in adults. Despite the dramatic improvement in survival among children with acute lymphocytic leukemia, the prognosis for the average run of patients, as represented in this large unselected series, remains poor. In the most recent period (1960–62), the median survival time was only 11 months. Some specialty centers have reported more favorable survival results. How the effect of the new and modified treatment regimens introduced in recent years will be reflected in the survival experience of the general run of patients remains to be seen.
The echocardiogram in right ventricular overload
Authors: W. D. McCann
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Echocardiography was used to evaluate interventricular septal motion in 17 patients with congenital cardiac defects that produced either left-to-right shunts at the atrial or tricuspid insufficiency. Fourteen patients had abnormal septal motion: 12 had type A and 2 had type B motion. Two previously unreported causes for abnormal interventricular septal motion (total anomalous pulmonary venous return and partial anomalous pulmonary venous return) were found to produce echocardiographic findings identical to those found in patients with atrial septal defect. Three patients with significant left-to-right shunt at atrial level had normal septal motion. When abnormal septal motion is present, it is suggestive of right ventricular overload. However, such motion is not specific enough to differentiate among the defects that produce right ventricular volume overload or to distinguish a patient with an abnormal volume overload from one with normal volume.
Addressing Emerging Microbial Threats in the United States
Authors: Ruth L. Berkelman
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Public health professionals generally have been complacent regarding the erosion of infectious disease surveillance, prevention, and control programs in the United States over the past two decades.<sup>1-4</sup>As infectious diseases have emerged or reemerged, some crises such as those posed by the emergence of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or resurgence of tuberculosis and measles have been addressed selectively. However, the infrastructure to maintain vigilance and to respond to most emergent or reemergent infectious diseases has generally continued to deteriorate. Consequently, for domestic problems ranging from outbreaks of cryptosporidiosis caused by contamination of municipal water supplies<sup>5</sup>to the currently growing crisis of antibiotic resistance,<sup>6</sup>efforts at surveillance, prevention, and control have frequently been delayed or inadequate. Global capacity to detect and respond to emerging diseases has also been compromised as surveillance networks have deteriorated and laboratory capacity for accurate diagnosis has declined in many countries.<sup>2,7</sup> There
Effects of Mechlorethamine (HN&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, Nitrogen Mustard) on UV-Induced Carcinogenesis in Hairless Mouse Skin&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1984)

The influence of mechlorethamine (HN2, nitrogen mustard) on UV-induced carcinogenesis was examined in the hairless mouse skin in vivo. Noncarcinogenic amounts of topically applied HN2 and carcinogenic levels of UVB energy were used in the study. The HN2 applications significantly accelerated the appearance and growth of cutaneous tumors in this study. Thus HN2 acted as either a promoter or cocarcinogen for UV-induced cancer formation. Although the mechanism of this effect was not established, combinations of UVB radiation and HN2 topical therapy pointed to an increased incidence of cutaneous tumors in human skin.
Highlights from Recent Cancer Literature
Journal: Cancer Research (2017)

NGF Promotes Gastric Cancer via Aberrant Cholinergic SignalingMany cancers, including pancreas, colon, and stomach, show increased nerve density and extensive cross-talk between cancer cells and nerves exists.Using a series of mouse models and in vitro tumor organoid cultures, Hayakawa and colleagues now show that acetylcholine (ACh) derived from Dclk1þ tuft cells and nerves stimulates gastric epithelial cells to produce nerve growth factor (NGF), which in turn promotes neurogenesis and tumor growth.Ablation of Dclk1þ cells or the Ach muscarinic receptor-3 (M3R), or treatment with small molecular inhibitors of NGF/Trk signaling significantly reduced tumor burden.Mechanistically, M3R signaling promoted YAP dephosphorylation, activating YAP signaling in the gastric epithelium.Expression of NGF and YAP correlated with stage in human gastric cancer samples.These data support a role for an NGF-Ach-YAP axis in
Transudative effusions
Authors: G T Kinasewitz
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1997)

Transudative pleural effusions develop because the distribution of hydrostatic and oncotic pressure across the pleura is altered, so that the rate of pleural fluid formation exceeds that of its reabsorption. They are characterized by a low cell and protein content. Congestive heart failure is the most common cause of transudative effusion. The fluid that accumulates in a hepatic hydrothorax, urinothorax, during peritoneal dialysis, and in many patients with nephrotic syndrome may also have the characteristics of a transudate. The development of a transudative effusion indicates that the pleural membranes per se are intact, so that if the underlying problem can be corrected, the effusion will be reabsorbed.
Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;1&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: H Shoji
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1958)

Journal Article Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Get access Fred D. Maurer, Lt. Col., VC Fred D. Maurer, Lt. Col., VC Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, D. C. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 20, Issue 5, May 1958, Pages 867–870, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/20.5.867 Published: 01 May 1958
Human Ingestion of a 'Superwarfarin' Rodenticide Resulting in a Prolonged Anticoagulant Effect
Authors: Richard A. Lipton
Journal: JAMA (1984)

IN THE past decade, several novel hydroxycoumarin anticoagulants have been developed as rodenticides. These so-called superwarfarins have been developed to deal with the serious public health problem of warfarin resistance in rodents. This genetically determined resistance appears rapidly in wild rats and mice because it is transmitted as a dominant trait. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 31-year-old woman with a long history of mental illness and many hospitalizations for acute psychoses ingested over a two-day period approximately thirty 50-g packages of a commercial rodenticide (Talon-G) that contains brodifacoum. She purchased the rodenticide in a hardware store. On April 18,1983, five days after the ingestion, her family had her admitted to the hospital's psychiatric unit, and she was seen in medical consultation. Her BP was 120/70 mm Hg; pulse rate, 78 beats per minute; and respirations, 18/min. There were no orthostatic changes in the vital signs. There were multiple superficial slash
Torture survivors find helping hands worldwide
Authors: M. F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1992)

"A MIRACLE" brought the Ethiopian Army general who had been on the wrong side of now-overthrown dictator Mengistu Haile Mariam's regime to Washington, DC. After 3 years of "extensive torture" the general had many psychological as well as physical disabilities, the main problem being the hole in his head. As David A. Flockhart, MD, PhD, a fellow in clinical pharmacology at Washington's Georgetown University School of Medicine, tells the story, the general underwent a craniotomy on his release from prison in Ethiopia, but it took 2 years more in the United States to get him the neurological surgery he needed. "It isn't easy to get someone to perform a $10000 operation for free, even in a case like this one," says Flockhart, who is also active in Amnesty International and is trying to develop a center for victims of human rights violations. A former Vietnamese prisoner of war who had
Therapy of Angina Pectoris with Propranolol and Long-Acting Nitrates
Authors: ALBERTO N. GOLDBARG, JOHN F. MORAN, THOMAS K. BUTTERFIELD, RIMGAUDAS NEMICKAS, GUSTAVO A. BERMUDEZ
Journal: Circulation (1969)

A double-blind study of the effects of isosorbide dinitrate, 10 mg given orally four times a day, propranolol, 40 mg four times a day, and the combination of these two drugs was performed on 21 patients with angina pectoris. Each patient received placebo, isosorbide, propranolol, and the combination of the two drugs for 1 month each in a random sequence over 4 months. The number of anginal pains and nitroglycerin tablets used were recorded, and a multistage treadmill ECG exercise test was performed after each treatment period. Frequency of anginal pains was reduced significantly with propranolol (7.0±2.5 pains/week) and the combination of propranolol and isosorbide dinitrate (9.9±2.9) as compared with placebo (21.0±6.4). Similarly, the number of nitroglycerin tablets was reduced with propranolol-containing regimens. Isosorbide was not significantly better than the placebo. Symptomatic improvement with propranolol could be related to a reduction in heart rate, and the product of heart rate and systolic blood pressure during exercise ( P &lt;0.001). The capacity of these patients to perform a multistage exercise test, however, was not improved significantly, and the ischemic ST-segment changes were not altered by the treatments. Thus, propranolol appeared to be effective on the symptoms of angina pectoris, but it did not significantly improve exercise performance, and it did not prevent the ischemic patterns in the exercise ECG in this group of patients. Isosorbide dinitrate, alone or in combination with propranolol, was ineffective in this study.
Self-Administered Disposable Micro-Enemas before Outpatient Sigmoidoscopy
Authors: S K Marsh, S P J Huddy
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1996)

Many colorectal carcinomas can be diagnosed by rigid sigmoidoscopy. One important limiting factor in the usefulness of this investigation is the presence of faeces; another is inability to negotiate the recto-sigmoid bend. 101 patients (47 men) were sent a Microlax enema with instruction to use it before their first attendance in the outpatient department. The grade of preparation [on a scale of 0 (empty rectum) to 3, with grades 0 and 1 providing an adequate view], height achieved with the sigmoidoscope and whether or not the extent of the examination was limited by faeces were recorded. These data were compared with results in 78 patients (38 men) who did not receive any special preparation. There were no serious difficulties with self-administration. An adequate view was obtained in 89 (88%) of those who had received an enema and in 41 (53%) of those who were unprepared (P < 0.001, chi 2 test). The height achieved and the percentage of patients in whom the sigmoidoscopy was not limited by faeces were also significantly increased. The mailing of micro-enemas to patients who are likely to need sigmoidoscopy is a cheap measure that increases diagnostic yield and saves reattendances.