tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Sleep Architecture, Obstructive Sleep Apnea, and Cognitive Function in Adults
Authors: Matthew P. Pase, Stephanie Harrison, Jeffrey R. Misialek, Christopher E. Kline, Marina Cavuoto, Andree-Ann Baril, Stephanie Yiallourou, Alycia Bisson, Dibya Himali, Yue Leng, Qiong Yang, Sudha Seshadri, Alexa Beiser, Rebecca F. Gottesman, Susan Redline, Oscar Lopez, Pamela L. Lutsey, Kristine Yaffe, Katie L. Stone, Shaun M. Purcell, Jayandra J. Himali
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Good sleep is essential for health, yet associations between sleep and dementia risk remain incompletely understood. The Sleep and Dementia Consortium was established to study associations between polysomnography (PSG)-derived sleep and the risk of dementia and related cognitive and brain magnetic resonance imaging endophenotypes.
IUD Expulsion Rates After Early Postpartum vs Interval Placement
Authors: Baorong Gao, Li Zhang
Journal: JAMA (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Single‐agent lenalidomide maintenance after upfront autologous stem cell transplant for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: The MD Anderson experience
Authors: Oren Pasvolsky, Denái R. Milton, Adeel Masood, Sophiya S. Sami, Mark R. Tanner, Qaiser Bashir, Samer Srour, Neeraj Saini, Paul Lin, Jeremy Ramdial, Yago Nieto, Arsalan Saeed, Hans C. Lee, Krina K. Patel, Partow Kebriaei, Sheeba K. Thomas, Donna M. Weber, Robert Z. Orlowski, Elizabeth J. Shpall, Richard E. Champlin, Muzaffar H. Qazilbash
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2023)

Abstract The optimal duration of lenalidomide (Len) maintenance for patients with multiple myeloma (MM) after autologous stem cell transplantation (autoHCT) is unknown. We conducted a retrospective single‐center analysis of adult MM patients that received upfront autoHCT between 2005 and 2021, followed by single‐agent Len maintenance. A total of 1167 patients were included with a median age of 61.4 (range 25.4–82.3) years, and high‐risk chromosomal abnormalities in 19%. Median duration of maintenance was 22.3 (range 0.03–139.6) months. After a median follow‐up of 47.9 (range 2.9–171.7) months, median PFS and OS for the entire cohort were 56.6 (95% CI 48.2–61.4) months and 111.3 (95% CI 101.7–121.5) months, respectively. In MVA, high‐risk cytogenetics was associated with a worse PFS (HR 1.91) and OS (HR 1.73) ( p &lt; .001 for both). Use of KRD induction and achievement of MRD‐negative ≥ VGPR before autoHCT were associated with an improved PFS (HR 0.53 and HR 0.57, respectively; p &lt; .001 for both). Longer maintenance duration, even with a 5‐year cutoff, was associated with superior PFS and OS (HR 0.17 and 0.12, respectively; p &lt; .001 for both). A total of 106 patients (9%) developed a second primary malignancy (SPM), mostly solid tumors (39%) and myeloid malignancies (30%). Longer maintenance duration was associated with a higher risk of SPM, reaching statistical significance after &gt;2 years (odds ratio 2.25; p &lt; .001). In conclusion, outcomes with Len maintenance were comparable to those reported in large clinical trials. Longer duration of maintenance, even beyond 5 years, was associated with improved survival.
Synchronous Neoplasia Rates at Colonoscopic Diagnosis of Early-Onset vs Average-Onset Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Oluwadunni E. Emiloju, Bahar Saberzadeh-Ardestani, Frank A. Sinicrope
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Importance The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (CRC) (age, &amp;amp;lt;50 years) continues to increase globally within high-income countries. Objective To examine and compare rates of synchronous neoplasia found in patients at colonoscopic diagnosis of early-onset CRC with rates found at diagnosis of average-onset CRC. Design, Setting, and Participants In this multisite retrospective and cross-sectional study conducted at Mayo Clinic sites and in the Mayo Clinic Health System from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2022, 150 randomly selected patients with early-onset CRC were identified from the electronic health record and matched with 150 patients with average-onset CRC based on sex and colonoscopic indication. Patients with known hereditary syndromes, past history of CRC, or inflammatory bowel disease were excluded. Main Outcomes and Measures Colonoscopic findings (polyp size, number, site) and related histopathologic findings (adenoma, advanced adenoma, sessile serrated polyp) were analyzed in association with cancer clinicopathologic features and molecular data (mismatch repair status, KRAS , and BRAFV600E ). Results Among 300 patients (156 men [52%]), the median age at diagnosis was 43 years (IQR, 39-47 years) for those with early-onset CRC and 67 years (IQR, 57-76) for those with average-onset CRC. Overall, 85% of patients were symptomatic at CRC diagnosis. Cancer stage, grade, molecular features, body mass index, and family history did not differ significantly between these groups. Among patients with colon cancer, the overall prevalence of synchronous neoplasia was similar, yet advanced adenomas were 3 times more frequent in those with early-onset vs average-onset cancers (31 of 75 [41%] vs 10 of 75 [13%]; P &amp;amp;lt; .001). This difference was not associated with cancer stage or primary location. Among patients with rectal cancer, nonadvanced adenomas were less frequent among the early-onset group than the average-onset group (21 of 75 [28%] vs 36 of 75 [48%]), and although the prevalence of advanced adenomas was similar (11 of 75 [15%] vs 14 of 75 [19%]), they were more commonly located in the rectum (early onset, 5 of 11 [45%] vs average onset, 1 of 14 [7%]). Patients with early-onset cancer of the colon were significantly more likely than those with early-onset cancer of the rectum to have a synchronous advanced adenoma (31 of 75 [41%] vs 11 of 75 [15%]; P &amp;amp;lt; .001). Conclusions and Relevance In this cross-sectional study, synchronous advanced adenomas were more commonly found in patients with early-onset colon cancer compared with average-onset colon cancer, and they were distributed throughout the colon. In contrast, advanced adenomas were not increased in patients with rectal cancer and, when detected, were predominantly located in the rectum.
Conflict paradigms cannot reveal competence
Authors: Roman Feiman
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2023)

Abstract De Neys is right to criticize the exclusivity assumption in dual-process theories, but he misses the original sin underlying this assumption, which his working model continues to share. Conflict paradigms , in which experimenters measure how one cognitive process interferes (or does not interfere) with another, license few inferences about how the interfered-with process works on its own.
Carbonated Waters
Journal: JAMA (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A view from mindreading on fast-and-slow thinking
Authors: Jason Low, Stephen A Butterfill, John Michael
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2023)

Abstract De Neys's incisive critique of empirical and theoretical research on the exclusivity feature underscores the depth of the challenge of explaining the interplay of fast and slow processes. We argue that a closer look at research on mindreading reveals abundant evidence for the exclusivity feature – as well as methodological and theoretical perspectives that could inform research on fast and slow thinking.
Categorizing judgments as likely to be selected by intuition or deliberation
Authors: Aliya R Dewey
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2023)

Abstract De Neys argues against the exclusivity assumption: That many judgments are exclusively selected by intuition or deliberation. But this is an excessively strong formulation of the exclusivity assumption. We should aim to develop weaker, more plausible formulations that identify which judgments are likely to be selected by intuition or deliberation. This is necessary for empirical comparisons of intuition and deliberation.
How research on persuasion can inform dual-process models of judgment
Authors: Richard E Petty, Duane T Wegener, Pablo Briñol
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2023)

De Neys makes some useful points regarding dual-process models, but his critique ignores highly relevant theories of judgment from the persuasion literature. These persuasion models predate and often circumvent many of the criticisms he makes of the dual-process approaches he covers. Furthermore, the persuasion models anticipated some of the correctives to dual-process models that he proposes.
We know what stops you from thinking forever: A metacognitive perspective
Authors: Rakefet Ackerman, Kinga Morsanyi
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2023)

Abstract This commentary addresses omissions in De Neys's model of fast-and-slow thinking from a metacognitive perspective. We review well-established meta-reasoning monitoring (e.g., confidence) and control processes (e.g., rethinking) that explain mental effort regulation. Moreover, we point to individual, developmental, and task design considerations that affect this regulation. These core issues are completely ignored or mentioned in passing in the target article.
The silent war: PTSD in Ukraine: insights from other war-affected nations for treating intergenerational PTSD
Authors: Wireko Andrew Awuah, Favour Tope Adebusoye, Joecelyn Kirani Tan, Tomas Ferreira, Toufik Abdul-Rahman
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

Awuah, Wireko Andrew MBBS; Adebusoye, Favour Tope MBBS; Tan, Joecelyn Kirani MBChB, BSc (Hons); Ferreira, Tomas MBChB, MPhil (Cantab); Abdul-Rahman, Toufik MBBS Author Information
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist initiation during admission is associated with improved outcomes irrespective of ejection fraction in patients with acute heart failure
Authors: Iris E. Beldhuis, Kevin Damman, Peter S. Pang, Barry Greenberg, Beth A. Davison, Gad Cotter, Claudio Gimpelewicz, G. Michael Felker, Gerasimos Filippatos, John R. Teerlink, Marco Metra, Adriaan A. Voors, Jozine M. ter Maaten
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2023)

Heart failure (HF) guidelines recommend initiation and optimization of guideline-directed medical therapy, including mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), before hospital discharge. However, scientific evidence for this recommendation is lacking. Our objective was to determine whether initiation of MRA prior to hospital discharge is associated with improved outcomes.We performed a secondary analysis of 6197 patients enrolled in the RELAX-AHF-2 study. Patients were divided into four groups according to MRA therapy at baseline and discharge. At baseline 30% of patients received MRA therapy, which increased to 50% of patients at discharge. In-hospital initiation of an MRA was observed in 1690 (27%) patients, 1438 (23%) patients remained on MRA therapy, 418 (7%) patients discontinued MRA treatment, and 2651 (43%) patients did not receive an MRA during hospital stay. Compared with patients who did not receive MRA therapy, in-hospital initiation of an MRA was independently associated with lower risks of mortality (multivariable hazard ratio [HR] 0.76, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.60-0.96; p = 0.02), cardiovascular death (HR 0.77, 95% CI 0.59-1.01; p = 0.06), hospitalization for HF or renal failure (HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.60-0.86; p = 0.0003) and the composite endpoint of cardiovascular death and/or rehospitalization for HF or renal failure (HR 0.71, 95% CI 0.61-0.83; p < 0.0001) at 180 days. These results were independent of baseline left ventricular ejection fraction.In patients hospitalized for acute HF, in-hospital initiation of an MRA was associated with improved post-discharge outcomes, independent of left ventricular ejection fraction and other potential confounders.
A commentary on ‘Does pancreatic duct stent placement lead to decreased postoperative pancreatic fistula rates after pancreaticoduodenectomy? A meta-analysis’
Authors: Chengwu Tang, Ge Cui, Wenming Feng
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

aDepartment of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Zhejiang, China, 313000 bDepartment of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Zhejiang, China, 313000 Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article. Published online ■ ■ *Corresponding author. Address: Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Zhejiang, China, 313000. E-mail address: [email protected] (W. Feng). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Correction: TRAF3–EWSR1 signaling axis acts as a checkpoint on germinal center responses
Authors: Yanchuan Li, Lele Zhu, Chun-Jung Ko, Jin-Young Yang, Hongjiao Wang, Ganiraju Manyam, Jing Wang, Xuhong Cheng, Shuli Zhao, Zuliang Jie
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2023)

the plots in Fig. 7 B (depicting the colon length of WT and Ewsr1 BKO mice) and the left panel of Fig. 7 C (depicting the bacterial load in the liver of WT and Ewsr1 BKO mice) were inadvertently switched during the revision process.The corrected Fig. 7 (B andC) is shown here.
Improved Outcome for ALL by Prolonging Therapy for <i>IKZF1</i> Deletion and Decreasing Therapy for Other Risk Groups
Authors: Rob Pieters, Hester de Groot-Kruseman, Marta Fiocco, Femke Verwer, Merian Van Overveld, Edwin Sonneveld, Vincent van der Velden, H. Berna Beverloo, Marc Bierings, Natasja Dors, Valérie de Haas, Peter Hoogerbrugge, Inge Van der Sluis, Wim Tissing, Margreet Veening, Judith Boer, Monique Den Boer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2023)

The ALL10 protocol improved outcomes for children with ALL by stratifying and adapting therapy into three minimal residual disease-defined risk groups: standard risk, medium risk (MR), and high risk. IKZF1-deleted (IKZF1del) ALL in the largest MR group still showed poor outcome, in line with protocols worldwide, accounting for a high number of overall relapses. ALL10 showed high toxicity in Down syndrome (DS) and excellent outcome in ETV6::RUNX1 ALL. Poor prednisone responders (PPRs) were treated as high risk in ALL10. In ALL11, we prolonged therapy for IKZF1del from 2 to 3 years. We reduced therapy for DS by omitting anthracyclines completely, for ETV6::RUNX1 in intensification, and for PPR by treatment as MR.Eight hundred nineteen patients with ALL (age, 1-18 years) were enrolled on ALL11 and stratified as in ALL10. Results were compared with those in ALL10.The five-year overall survival (OS), event-free survival (EFS), cumulative risk of relapse (CIR), and death in complete remission on ALL11 were 94.2% (SE, 0.9%), 89.0% (1.2), 8.2% (1.1), and 2.3% (0.6), respectively. Prolonged maintenance for IKZF1del MR improved 5-year CIR by 2.2-fold (10.8% v 23.4%; P = .035) and EFS (87.1% v 72.3%; P = .019). Landmark analysis at 2 years from diagnosis showed a 2.9-fold reduction of CIR (25.6%-8.8%; P = .008) and EFS improvement (74.4%-91.2%; P = .007). Reduced therapy did not abrogate 5-year outcome for ETV6::RUNX1 (EFS, 98.3%; OS, 99.4%), DS (EFS, 87.0%; OS, 87.0%), and PPR (EFS, 81.1%; OS, 94.9%).Children with IKZF1del ALL seem to benefit from prolonged maintenance therapy. Chemotherapy was successfully reduced for patients with ETV6::RUNX1, DS, and PPR ALL. It has to be noted that these results were obtained in a nonrandomized study using a historical control group.
<i>γ</i>‐Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Loading Mitoxantrone and Glucose Oxidase for pH‐Responsive Chemo/Chemodynamic/Photothermal Synergistic Cancer Therapy
Authors: Zhihao Zhong, Chao Liu, Yatao Xu, Weili Si, Wenjun Wang, Liping Zhong, Yongxiang Zhao, Xiaochen Dong
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Adv. Healthcare Mater. 2022, 11, 2102632 https://doi.org/10.1002/adhm.202102632 In the original published version of this article, in Figure 4d, the JC-1 picture of G1 (row 2, column 1) is incorrect, and the correct version is shown here. In Figure 6d, the lung's H&E staining picture of the G4 was misused in G5 (row 5, column 4), and the correct version is shown below. These corrections do not alter any conclusion of this paper. The authors apologize for any inconvenience caused.
Increasing All-Cause Mortality in US Children and Adolescents
Authors: Janice C. Probst, Elizabeth L. Crouch, Peiyin Hung
Journal: JAMA (2023)

To the Editor As public health researchers, we applaud the recent Viewpoint1 that called attention to recent increases in child mortality. However, we believe that this Viewpoint did not acknowledge a child population that has been markedly underserved and generally understudied—rural children.
When a thinker does not want to think: Adding meta-control into the working model
Authors: Miroslav Sirota
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2023)

Abstract De Neys proposes an elegant solution to several theoretical problems of the dual-process theories but underspecifies the role of motivation in initiating, intensifying, and ceasing deliberation. Therefore, I suggest including a meta-cognitive control component in the working model that can moderate deliberation, for instance by affecting the deliberation threshold.
Patients’ attitudes and preferences toward delayed disease progression in the absence of improved survival
Authors: Michael D Brundage, Christopher M Booth, Elizabeth A Eisenhauer, Jacqueline Galica, Janarthanan Kankesan, Safiya Karim, Rachel Koven, Valerie McDonald, Terry Ng, Jennifer O’Donnell, Julia ten Hove, Andrew Robinson
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2023)

Abstract Background Cancer patients’ attitudes toward progression-free survival (PFS) gains offered by treatment are not well understood, particularly in the absence of overall survival (OS) gains. The objectives were to describe patients’ willingness to accept treatment that offers PFS gains without OS gains, to compare these findings with treatments offering OS gains, and to qualitatively summarize patients’ reasons for their preferences. Methods A multicenter, cross-sectional, convergent mixed-methods study design recruited patients who had received at least 3 months of systemic therapy for incurable solid tumors. A treatment trade-off exercise determined the gains in imaging PFS that patients require to prefer additional systemic treatment for a scenario of a newly diagnosed, asymptomatic, incurable abdominal tumor. A qualitative, descriptive, thematic analysis explored factors influencing patients’ decisions, and a narrative method integrated the quantitative and qualitative findings. Results In total, 100 patients participated (63% were older than 60 years of age). If additional treatment with added toxicity offered no OS advantage, 17% would prefer it for no PFS benefit; 26% for some PFS benefit (range, 3-9 months), whereas 51% would decline it regardless of PFS benefit. Similarly, 71% preferred additional treatment offering a 6-month OS advantage dependent on described toxicity levels (P = .03). A spectrum of reasons for these preferences reflected the complexity of participants’ attitudes and values. Conclusions Prolongation of time to progression was not universally valued. Most patients did not prefer treatments that negatively affect quality of life for PFS gains alone. Implications for individual decision making, policy, and trials research are discussed.
A good architecture for fast and slow thinking, but exclusivity is exclusively in the past
Authors: Keith E Stanovich, Maggie E Toplak
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2023)

Abstract No doubt older work in the dual-process tradition overemphasized the importance and frequency of the override function, and the working model in this target article provides a useful corrective. The attempt to motivate the model using the so-called exclusivity assumption is unnecessary, because no recent dual-process model in the reasoning literature has rested strongly on this assumption.