tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia by cytologic examination of bronchial washings
Authors: E. Rorat
Journal: JAMA (1985)

During the last three years, bronchial washings from patients in whom<i>Pneumocystis carinii</i>pneumonia was clinically suspected were cytologically examined. These were predominantly cases of suspected or confirmed acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. To determine the effectiveness of cytologic diagnosis by means of a bronchial wash, retrospective analysis of bronchial washings with available simultaneous transbronchial biopsy specimens was carried out in 181 cases. Comparison of the results of both methods revealed an excellent correlation.<i>Pneumocystis carinii</i>was identified in 108 specimens of washes and in 103 specimens of biopsies. Our data indicate that<i>P carinii</i>can be consistently and reliably identified in the smears from bronchial washes, without lung tissue biopsy, thus sparing the patient the latter procedure if contraindications exist. (<i>JAMA</i>1985;254:1950-1951)
Infection with Herpes-Simplex Viruses 1 and 2
Authors: André J. Nahmias, Bernard Roizman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

The Infected HostThe effects of HSV on the host can best be appreciated by analysis of both the epidemiologic and the clinicopathological aspects of the infection. In this way, the modes of spread and acquisition of the virus and its distribution in various body sites can be examined in relation to the clinical responses elicited in various kinds of hosts (newborns, immunologically compromised persons, etc.).Epidemiologic PatternsStudies in the "second" period of HSV research (around 1920 to about 1960) brought into relief three important points: that patients experiencing either initial or recurrent HSV infections often fail to have . . .
Synovial Biopsy in Haemochromatosis Arthropathy; Histological Findings and Iron Deposition in Relation to Total Body Iron Overload
Authors: R. J. Walker, I. W. Dymock, I. O. Ansell, E. B. D. Hamilton, R. Williams
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1972)

This was conducted by Dr. H.
Update: Trends in AIDS Incidence, Deaths, and Prevalence—United States, 1996
Journal: JAMA (1997)

The national acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) surveillance system is used to describe the impact of HIV-related morbidity and death in the United States. This report presents trends in AIDS incidence during 1996 and describes recent declines in deaths among persons reported with AIDS (AIDS deaths) and increases in AIDS prevalence.
Sex-related Outcome Differences after Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Richard C. Becker
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Letters15 November 1994Sex-related Outcome Differences after Acute Myocardial InfarctionRichard C. Becker, Michael L. Terrin, and Genell KnatterudRichard C. BeckerSearch for more papers by this author, Michael L. TerrinSearch for more papers by this author, and Genell KnatterudSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-121-10-199411150-00030 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Mensah and colleagues raise several interesting points about the mechanisms responsible for the higher morbidity and mortality rates in women after acute myocardial infarction. The Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI II) database was explored to evaluate potential sex-related differences in left ventricular hypertrophy (Table 1).Table 1. Sex-related Outcome Differences after Myocardial Infarction Although we could not uncover any sex-related differences, several limitations do exist. First, TIMI II used strict entry criteria and excluded patients with uncontrolled hypertension [1]. Second, simplified R-wave criteria (Lyons criteria) were the only means available ...References1. Becker RC, Terrin M, Ross R, Knatterud GL, Desvigne-Nickens P, Gore JM, et al. Comparison of clinical outcomes for women and men after acute myocardial infarction. Ann Intern Med. 1994; 120:638-45. Google Scholar2. Levy D, Labib SB, Anderson KM, Christiansen JC, Kannel WB, Castelli WP. Determinants of sensitivity and specificity of electrocardiographic criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy. Circulation. 1990; 81:815-20. Google Scholar3. Devereux RB, Reichek N. Echocardiographic determination of left ventricular mass in man: anatomic validation of the method. Circulation. 1977; 55:613-8. Google Scholar4. Devereux RB, Alonso DR, Lutas EM, Gottlieb GJ, Campo E, Sachs I, et al. Echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular hypertrophy: comparison to necropsy findings. Am J Cardiol. 1986; 57:450-8. Google Scholar5. Levy D, Garrison RJ, Savage DD, Kannel WB, Castelli WP. Left ventricular mass and incidence of coronary heart disease in an elderly cohort. Ann Intern Med. 1989; 110:101-7. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 November 1994Volume 121, Issue 10Page: 815-816KeywordsAcute myocardial infarctionDatabasesDeath ratesEchocardiographyElectrocardiographyForecastingHypertensionLeft ventricular hypertrophyMorbidityMyocardial infarction Issue Published: 15 November 1994 CopyrightCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Correction: New MS Diagnostic Criteria
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pertussis in Adults
Authors: James D. Cherry
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters15 June 1998Pertussis in AdultsJames D. Cherry, MDJames D. Cherry, MDUniversity of California, Los Angeles, School of Medicine; Los Angeles, CA 90095Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-128-12_Part_1-199806150-00027 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:The outbreak of pertussis in office personnel described by Dworkin and colleagues is of interest, and their advice is sound. In addition to polymerase chain reaction for diagnosis, single serum anti-pertussis toxin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay can be useful in the diagnosis of adult pertussis [1].Dr. Hyman asked about the type of vaccine (monocomponent versus DTaP) I would envision for adult use. My opinion, as well as the opinion of many of my colleagues, is that an adult-formulated dTap vaccine will be necessary for the routine immunization of adolescents and adults. However, it will also be useful to ...References1. Marchant CO, Loughlin AM, Lett SM, Todd CW, Wetterlow LH, Bicchieri R, et al. Pertussis in Massachusetts, 1981-1991: incidence, serologic diagnosis, and vaccine effectiveness. J Infect Dis. 1994; 169:1297-305. Google Scholar2. Hoppe J. Update on epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of pertussis. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1996; 15:189-93. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of California, Los Angeles, School of Medicine; Los Angeles, CA 90095 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 June 1998Volume 128, Issue 12_Part_1Page: 1047-1048KeywordsAdolescentsAntibioticsEnzyme linked immunosorbent assayErythromycinFearPertussisPolymerase chain reactionToxinsVaccines Issue Published: 15 June 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
A national survey of radiation oncologists and urologists on active surveillance for low-risk prostate cancer.
Authors: Simon P. Kim, R. Jeffrey Karnes, Paul Linh Nguyen, Bradley C. Leibovich, Jeanette Y. Ziegenfuss, R. Houston Thompson, Stephen A. Boorjian, Leona C. Han, Brian Addis Costello, Jon C. Tilburt
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

4657 Background: While active surveillance (AS) is well recognized as an acceptable treatment strategy for low-risk prostate cancer (PC), the extent to which radiation oncologists and urologists perceive AS as effective and routinely recommend it to patients is unknown. Therefore, we sought to assess the attitudes and treatment recommendations for low-risk PC from a national survey of PC specialists. Methods: A mail survey was sent to a population-based sample of 1,439 physicians in the U.S. from late 2011 and early 2012. Physicians were queried about their attitudes regarding AS and treatment recommendations for patients diagnosed with low-risk PC (PSA&lt;10 ng/dl; T1c; Gleason 6 in one of twelve cores). Pearson Chi-square and multivariate logistic regression were used to test for differences in attitudes and treatment recommendations by physician demographics, compensation structure, primary place of employment, and specialty. Results: Overall, 321 radiation oncologists and 322 urologists completed the survey for a 45% response rate. Most physicians reported that AS is effective for low-risk PC (71%) and stated that they were comfortable routinely recommending AS (67%). Urologists were more likely to agree that AS is effective (77% vs. 67%; p=0.005) and were comfortable recommending AS (74% vs. 61%; p=0.001) compared with radiation oncologists. Most physicians recommended radical prostatectomy (47%) or radiation therapy (32%), but fewer endorsed AS (21%) for low-risk disease. After adjusting for physician covariates, radiation oncologists were more likely to recommend radiation therapy (OR: 10.97; p&lt;0.001), while urologists were more likely to recommend surgery (OR: 4.69; p&lt;0.001) and AS (OR: 2.18; p=0.001) for low-risk PC. Conclusions: Although AS is widely viewed as effective by both radiation oncologists and urologists, most urologists continue to recommend surgery, while most radiation oncologists recommend radiation therapy. Our results may explain in part the relatively low contemporary use of AS in the U.S.
Ulcerative colitis and steroid-responsive, diffuse interstitial lung disease. A trial of N = 1
Authors: D. J. Balestra
Journal: JAMA (1988)

We describe a patient with ulcerative colitis and extracolonic manifestations in whom diffuse interstitial pulmonary disease developed that was responsive to glucocorticoid therapy one year after total proctocolectomy. The patient presented in December 1983 with a subacute course marked by cough and progressive exertional dyspnea, abnormal chest examination results, and a chest roentgenogram that revealed diffuse interstitial and alveolar infiltrates. A transbronchial biopsy specimen revealed a polymorphic interstitial infiltrate, mild interstitial fibrosis without apparent intraluminal fibrosis, and no vasculitis, granulomas, or significant eosinophilic infiltration. Within one week of the initiation of daily high-dose steroid therapy, the patient's symptoms dramatically improved; chest roentgenogram and forced vital capacity (60%) improved at a slower rate. All three measures deteriorated when alternate-day prednisone therapy was started but once again improved until the patient was totally asymptomatic, chest roentgenograms were normal, and forced vital capacity was 80% of the predicted value 2 1/2 years later. (<i>JAMA</i>1988;260:62-64)
Socks
Authors: Frank DeCicco
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Perforated and embedded intrauterine devices
Authors: D. Zakin
Journal: JAMA (1982)

UTERINE perforation by an intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD) can be complete or partial. In complete perforation, the ectopic IUD is in the peritoneal cavity, either lying free, often in the posterior cul-de-sac, or adherent to uterus, adnexa, or peritoneum, or frequently enmeshed in omentum. Complete perforation— type 3—is usually diagnosed easily and the IUD is readily removed by laparoscopy, laparotomy, or colpotomy. In partial perforation, the IUD may impinge on the uterus in different areas and in varying degrees. It may be classified according to the compartments involved, considering the uterine cavity as compartment 1, the myometrium as compartment 2, and the peritoneal cavity as compartment 3. Thus, in type 1-2 partial perforation, the IUD is partially in the uterine cavity and partially in the myometrium; in type 2, in the myometrium only; in type 2-3, in the myometrium and peritoneal cavity; and in type 1-2-3, in the uterine cavity,
The Social Worker in a Hospital Ward.
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Corrigendum
Authors: Samuel Vaisrub
Journal: JAMA (1979)

A misquote in the editorial "Cooperative Clofibrate Trial" (<i>JAMA</i>241:2638, 1979) calls for correction. In the concluding sentence, "Whatever the implications of the cooperative trial for other cholesterol-lowering regimens, its Committee of Principal Investigators does not recommend the long-term use of clofibrate for the prevention of ischemic heart disease," the "long-term use" should have read "community-wide trials." The recommendation of the Committee of Principal Investigators does not preclude the long-term use of clofibrate for sufferers from specific hyperlipidemias. Any misgivings about this use belong to the realm of uncertainty. Acknowledging the speculative nature of such apprehension, a "leader" in the<i>British Medical Journal</i>(2:1585-1586, 1978) states: "There may well prove to be metabolic effects of its [clofibrate] long-term use that are as yet unrecognised: the authors acknowledge (as is implicit in their data) that the drug may have serious pathological consequences by mechanisms as yet unexplained. "The immediate practical conclusion
The Endocrine Society 1982 Annual Meeting—San Francisco, California June 16–18, 1982
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (1982)

Journal Article The Endocrine Society 1982 Annual Meeting—San Francisco, California June 16–18, 1982 Get access Endocrine Reviews, Volume 3, Issue 1, 1 January 1982, Pages 120–121, https://doi.org/10.1210/edrv-3-1-120 Published: 01 January 1982
The accuracy of the fast score in predicting NASH with significant fibrosis
Authors: Mazen Noureddin, Nabil Noureddin, Edward Mena, Kimberly Ramirez, Fabiana Pacheco, Aileen Alon, Allison Sachiko Harrington, Mangesh Pagadala, Ibrahim Hanouneh, Naim Alkhouri
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2020)
Acute pure red cell aplasia associated with allopurinol therapy
Authors: Ying‐Wei Lin, Shin Okazaki, Keigo Hamahata, Ken‐ichiro Watanabe, Ikuya Usami, Muneo Yoshibayashi, Yuichi Akiyama, Masaru Kubota
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1999)

Several investigators have reported patients with acute pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) caused by anticonvulsants, antibiotics, or antithyroid agents. Allopurinol is known to be a causative agent of aplastic anemia, but there have been few reports of acute PRCA induced by allopurinol. We describe here a 15-year-old boy who suffered from anemia 6 weeks after initiation of allopurinol therapy; his anemia immediately improved after cessation of the drug. His bone marrow showed severe erythroid hypoplasia with a myeloid/erythroid ratio of 18.6 and low expression of glycophorin A detected on cell-surface antigen analysis. No morphological abnormalities were observed in myeloid series and megakaryocytes. The prolonged plasma iron disappearance rate and the decreased plasma iron turnover rate also indicated erythroid hypoplasia. He had been free from any infections, including parvovirus B19, before manifestation of PRCA. Taken together, these results suggest a diagnosis of acute PRCA. This side effect of allopurinol should be taken into consideration. Am. J. Hematol. 61:209–211, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Schizophrenia Biology
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Risk/benefit considerations in antiarrhythmic therapy
Authors: R. L. Woosley
Journal: JAMA (1986)

In this issue ofThe Journal, Nygaard et al<sup>1</sup>report a very high incidence of serious adverse experiences with antiarrhythmic drugs during the utilization of what has become the "state-of-the-art" approach to the treatment of patients with life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias. This experience is not unique to this group of investigators, is certainly not due to misuse of these agents, and may be found embodied in many other reports that have emphasized the antiarrhythmic efficacy of these agents.<sup>2</sup>The conclusions and warnings of these investigators warrant repetition, emphasis, and elaboration. First, as mentioned by the authors, it should be emphasized that these results, as alarming as they are, actually underestimate the magnitude of the problem. Many patients were exposed to the drugs for short periods, limiting the occurrence of chronic toxic reactions. Furthermore, the authors have not attempted to report the incidence of aggravation of arrhythmia by the drugs.
Combination immunotherapy selection for PD-1 axis driven tumors.
Authors: Sarabjot Pabla, Paul DePietro, Felicia L. Lenzo, Mary Nesline, Jeff Conroy, Sean T. Glenn, Blake Burgher, Jonathan Andreas, Vincent Giamo, Maochun Qin, Devin Dressman, Antonios Papanicolau-Sengos, Yirong Wang, Mark Gardner, Carl Morrison
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

e15024 Background: Immunotherapy for PD-1 axis driven tumors, defined as tumors with high expression of PD-1, PD-L1, or PD-L2, are generally considered more responsive to checkpoint inhibitors than non-PD-1 axis driven tumors. While response is favorable in this group there is still a relatively high rate of nonresponders and understanding rational targets for potential combination immunotherapies has value. Methods: Formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) blocks or slides from 477 patients representing 32 different tumor types who had comprehensive immune profiling completed in the context of clinical care were evaluated in order to identify actionable targets for immunotherapy. PD-1 axis driven tumors were defined as those with an expression rank ≥ 75 (moderately high or higher) as compared to the ranks for all tumor types in a reference population for beyond PD-1, PD-L1, or PD-L2. Actionable immunotherapy targets beyond the PD-1 axis were defined as those with an expression rank ≥ 85 (high) including: LAG3, CTLA4, TIM3, CD137, CD27, CD40, GITR, ICOS, OX40, CCL2, CCR2, CSF1R, ADORA2A, CD39, IDO1, TNF, TGFB1, and CD38. The percent of tumors with high expression of non-PD-1 axis targets was computed for all tumor types. Results: 199 of 477 tumors (42%) were classified as PD-1 axis driven tumors. At least 50% of NSCLC and sarcoma tumors were PD-1 axis driven. The most frequently over expressed combination immunotherapy targets across all tumor types were TGFb1 (50%), CSF1R (48%), TNF (33%), ICOS (32%), CCL2 (32%), IDO1 (30%), CCR2 (28%), CD38 (28%), CD39 (27%), ADORA2A (24%), CD137 (23%), LAG3 (22%), GITR (22%), TIM3 (21%), OX40 (20%), CD40 (19%), CD27 (19%), and CTLA4 (17%). Conclusions: A wide variety of combination immunotherapy targets are highly expressed in PD-1 axis driven tumors supporting the concept that a variety of clinical trials will be needed to support these approaches. The rational approach to enrolling patients on these combination immunotherapy trials will need to be applied at the patient level