tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Arteriovenous Fistula For Self-Treatment of Hemophilia
Authors: Leon N. Sussman
Journal: JAMA (1974)

THE need for a safe, long-lasting, repetitive, and convenient vascular channel for hemodialysis has been satisfied by the development of the internal arteriovenous fistula by Brescia et al.<sup>1</sup>This technique is easier and less hazardous to patients with bleeding diathesis than that reported by Ries et al.<sup>2</sup>Hemodialysis at home is a possibility, since venipuncture using the fistula can now easily be accomplished by the patient or a family member. Such a fistula has proved to be long lasting and free of complications.<sup>3,4</sup>It can resolve the problem of the patient with difficult veins who needs intravenous therapy in the hospital or at home.<sup>5</sup> <h3>Difficult Venipuncture</h3> The application of the principle of the arteriovenous fistula to the management of hemophilia was suggested when difficulties in venipuncture made hospital care essential for our patient with each minor episode of bleeding. Following the creation of the shunt, the
Screening for Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Beryl J. Rosenstein
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We agree with Sepe and associates (1982;248:1733) that the development of new technology permitting screening for such disorders as neural tube defects and cystic fibrosis (CF) will lead to an increase in the need for genetic services. There is a potential danger, however, that the availability of screening technology might lead to widespread neonatal CF screening before the benefits-risks of such a program have been fully evaluated. In some European countries, meconium screening programs are now operational, and dried-blood spot immunoreactive trypsin assays for newborn CF screening are under active laboratory and field evaluation.<sup>1</sup>Neonatal screening is generally recommended for disorders in which treatment is effective only when started before the age at which a clinical diagnosis is usually made. There are no data to support treatment for patients with CF before the onset of clinically apparent pulmonary disease. However, in a review of 194 patients
Regulation of InsP3-induced contractions by myoplasmic calcium in permeabilized atrial muscle
Authors: A.-M. Vites, A. J. Pappano
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1995)

Objective: We studied the effect of calcium on inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3)-induced contractions in saponin-permeabilized chick atrial muscle (80–100 μm in diameter). Calcium has been proposed to modulate InsP3-induced response and InsP3 binding in other tissue. Methods: A transient increase in tension was used to detect the release of calcium in this multicellular preparation. Pulsed (2–3 s) superfusion of either calcium or InsP3 produced a transient contraction. Results: Pulsed coapplication of both InsP3 and calcium resulted in a contraction greater than that predicted by an additive effect of both intracellular messengers. The release of calcium by InsP3 is positively and negatively modulated by myoplasmic calcium (EC50 ∼- 0.17 μM and IC50 of approximately 1.5 μM). The peak potentiation occurred at approximately pCa = 6.3 (0.51 μM free calcium). Conclusions: These observations indicate that an increase of InsP3 in the heart, as produced by cardiac neurotransmitters and hormones, may regulate the force of contraction by virtue of its synergistic action with calcium. While calcium remains the primary trigger for calcium release during excitation-contraction (E-C) coupling, we propose that changes in cytoplasmic calcium can modulate InsP3-induced calcium release on a beat-to-beat basis. Thus, InsP3 may regulate force generation during E-C coupling by activating calcium release during a heart beat.
The Injection Treatment of Varicose Veins.
Journal: JAMA (1928)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Allied Health Programs in the Junior Colleges
Authors: Kenneth G. Skaggs
Journal: JAMA (1968)

If we accept the premise that the nation faces an acute shortage of personnel in the service and supportive fields of health and medical care, then careful attention should be given to making the most effective use of the nation's two-year colleges to educate many who will go into the health and medical services. The capacity for absorbing larger and larger enrollments is apparently one of the most striking features of the two-year college. Related to this apparently infinite capacity is a responsiveness to student needs giving emphasis to a heterogeneous student body; a comprehensive program designed to meet varying needs and all ages of students; a uniquely qualified staff that differs in its preparation and interest from the traditional academic staffs; and a large number of institutions which apparently have widely differing goals, organizational patterns, and procedural methods. Another characteristic of junior colleges is an absence of preconceived notions
What Do We Learn From Disciplined Practice Learning?
Authors: Stephen J. Haines
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —I can strongly agree with Dr Berwick<sup>1</sup>that the "disciplined practice learning" that he espouses as "realtime science" is important and leads to clinically useful improvements in patient care, while still being concerned that he confuses the process that produces improvement with the knowledge gained from scientific investigation. As he states, "No one—not even the surgeons themselves—knows exactly what factors drove their mortality rates down." It is most admirable that the process in which these surgeons engaged has produced a significant lowering in mortality rate. We should all be encouraged to follow and, yes, report on the effects of similar processes. However, such processes usually involve many changes in procedure and practice, and in the absence of knowledge as to which specific changes lead to improvement, much superstitious behavior can be engendered. Where these behaviors do not create increased cost or risk, they are inconsequential. However,
Paying Medical Bills in the United States
Authors: Robert J. Blendon
Journal: JAMA (1994)

IN THE COURSE of our nation's debate about health system reform, the discussion has frequently centered on the 38.9 million Americans who have no health insurance,<sup>1</sup>and the insecurity of millions more about their ability to maintain existing coverage in a time when health insurance and health care services costs are increasing rapidly. Indeed, a national survey of Americans conducted in the week following President Clinton's address about health care reform to Congress and the nation, 48% said the cost was their greatest concern about their health insurance, and 21% said they feared losing coverage or benefits.<sup>2</sup>In the same survey, one in five Americans (21%) indicated that their greatest concerns about health insurance coverage were related to the inadequacy of benefits they have, including gaps in coverage and lack of catastrophic or stop-loss provisions.<sup>2</sup> These kind of data are somewhat frustrating for those concerned about the health care reform debate because they provide measures of who is theoretically at risk for financial catastrophe—people without insurance, without adequate insurance, or concerned about the costs of medical care and health insurance—without providing concrete information about who has actually experienced difficulty paying medical bills. We have read the tragic stories of such individuals in newspapers and heard them presented to the Clintons in several health care forums, but we have yet to see detailed data about how many people in the United States are struggling to pay bills, and who they are. In this article, we use data from a recent national household survey of Americans to look directly, rather than at proxy measures, at who reports actual problems paying medical bills. We examine the insurance status of people in this group and, in addition, ask what other financial stresses they face and how they cope with the realities of illness and disability in their households.
A Physician Retraining Program
Authors: Annalyse C. Raub
Journal: JAMA (1982)

The Medical College of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, has sponsored a retraining program for clinically inactive physicians since 1968. A previous study examined return to clinical medicine of retrainees from 1968 to 1975. The present study tracked changes in physician characteristics from 1976 to 1981 and compared return to clinical medicine of retrainees in the two time periods. Although important shifts in gender, nature of inactivity, status of licensure, and geographic distribution occurred during the past five years, the number of retrainees returning to clinical activity after the program was comparable for the two time periods (85% and 83%). Women inactive because of family responsibilities and non-clinically active physicians made more career changes than non-primary care clinical specialists. This study demonstrated that a retraining program is an effective method of reintroducing inactive physicians to clinical medicine. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;248:2994-2998)
Pulmonary Embolism as a Cause of Death
Authors: S. Edwards Dismuke
Journal: JAMA (1986)

We studied the frequency and characteristics of death due to pulmonary embolism among all hospital and surgical patients in a university hospital from 1966 through 1980. Of 6,858 deaths, 3,412 autopsies were performed using a standardized and sensitive technique for pulmonary dissection. Our study showed that 6% of deceased patients (4.7% of surgical patients) had massive fatal embolism. Significant declines in embolism mortality were noted during this time period for hospital and surgical patients. The percentage of embolism cases among autopsies fell from 9.3% in the first five years to 3.8% in the last five years. Excluding patients receiving anticoagulants at the time of death, these percentages fell from 8.8% to 2.7% The estimated hospital mortality rate for embolism fell during the same years from 0.37% of hospital discharges to 0.13%. During the years studied, the use of anticoagulants among all adult patients at the hospital increased from 4% of patients to nearly 12.3%. This and other evidence suggest the possibility that both the incidence rate and the case-fatality rate for pulmonary embolism have decreased in the hospital population we studied. (<i>JAMA</i>1986;255:2039-2042)
A 79-Year-Old Musician With Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Disease, 1 Year Later
Authors: Thomas L. Delbanco
Journal: JAMA (1996)

In July 1995, at the Neurology Grand Rounds, Dr Louis Caplan discussed Mr C, a man who had been found to have asymptomatic carotid bruits the preceding March. Carotid ultrasound examination revealed occlusion of the right internal carotid artery and suggested 50% occlusion of the left. Now 80 years old and still active as a classical musician who performs and teaches, the patient had a history of arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease, with coronary artery bypass graft surgery performed successfully in 1989. Other than occasional, transient blurred vision, which Dr Caplan thought unrelated to the carotid disease, the patient felt well and had no symptoms referable to the cardiac or central nervous system. Discussion centered on the risks and benefits of watchful waiting vs carotid endarterectomy. Mr C, the patient: Since last year, there has been no significant increase in discomfort caused by the condition of my carotid arteries. I have become
Serum and Urine Protein Differences in Patients With Malignant Melanoma&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Kenneth J. Tomecki, Paul M. Montague, Vincent J. Hearing, Jr
 5
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1980)

We used gel electrophoresis to fractionate serum and urine samples of patients with malignant melanoma and of healthy volunteers (controls) and observed that a) all proteins found in the sera of melanoma patients also occurred in the sera of 2 or more healthy volunteers, b) two minor protein bands were present in the sera of 73% of the melanoma patients but in the sera of only 38% of the controls, and c) one major band was present in the sera of 73% of the melanoma patients but in the sera of only 12% of the controls. We characterized these proteins by molecular size and charge. Two proteins, analogous in electrophoretic behavior to those found more frequently in melanoma patients' sera, were observed exclusively in the urine from melanoma patients. The demonstration of such differences in serum and urine proteins warrants the further study of this system as a serologic and/or immunologic test for diagnosis of malignant melanoma.
Tobacco and Alcohol Use in Children's Animated Films: Pecos Bill Kicks the Habit
Authors: Richard A. Drachtman
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
EEG Changes Following Rabies Immunization With Hempt Vaccine
Authors: H. Timm
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> After World War II, rabies spread significantly, especially among wild animals, in central Europe. Britain, which had been rabies-free for many decades or centuries, recently has reported the disease in imported dogs (<i>Brit Med J</i><b>4</b>:185, 1969;<b>1</b>:584, 1970;<b>2</b>:742, 1970). Protective rabies immunization continues to hold an important position. For man, vaccines produced from brain tissues are often used, but with a comparatively greater risk of cerebral complications, varying in frequency from 0.005% to 0.6%. With the specific objective of exploring subclinical cerebral injuries in addition to those recognizable, Timm and Wolter (<i>Deutsch Med Wschr</i><b>95</b>:2108, 1970;<b>95</b>:2135, 1970) analyzed 125 electroencephalograms from 50 individuals of various age groups (Table) before and during protective rabies immunization, in which Hempt vaccine was used, a vaccine prepared from brain and spinal cord of rabbits infected with<i>virus fixe</i>, inactivated by ether and phenol.
A Comprehensive Health Plan for a Catholic Diocese
Authors: John J. Butler
Journal: JAMA (1968)

The Catholic Medical Center of Brooklyn and Queens, NY, when completed will consist of five hospitals located in Brooklyn and Queens owned by the Diocese of Brooklyn. The formation of the center is associated with a $60 million construction program as well as a reorganization of the pattern of patient care by the hospitals. The following is a brief description of the hospital units as well as the planned new construction. St. Mary's Hospital, 1298 St. Marks Ave, is a 237-bed hospital, built in 1888 (Figure,<i>4a</i>), which serves as the family doctor as well as the hospital for the poverty-ridden area of Bedford-Stuyvesant. This hospital will be completely replaced by a new 350-bed unit at a cost of $16 million (Figure,<i>4</i>). St. John's Queens Hospital, 90-02 Queens Blvd, Elmhurst, is a 300-bed general hospital. It will be enlarged by 50 beds at a cost of $2,500,000 (Figure,<i>7</i>
PROPHYLAXIS OF VENEREAL DISEASE.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effects of Multiple Putative Anticarcinogens on the Carcinogenicity of <italic>trans</italic>-5-Amino-3-[2-(5-nitro-2-furyl)vinyl]-1,2,4-oxadiazole<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">2</xref>
Authors: Harold A. Dunsford, Patrick M. Dolan, John L. Seed
 5, Ernest Bueding
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1984)

In an attempt to dissociate the chemotherapeutic from the carcinogenic properties of the antischistosomal and antitrypanosomal nitrovinylfuran trans-5-amino-3-[2-(5-nitro-2-furyl)vinyl]-1,2,4-oxadiazole [(SQ18506) CAS: 28754-68-9; (E)-5-amino-3-(2-(5-nitro-2-furyl)vinyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole], potential inhibitors of carcinogenesis were administered to female outbred CD-1 mice before and during exposure to SQ18506. The compounds tested were ascorbic acid, etretinate, butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), cysteamine hydrochloride, cysteine hydrochloride, dimercaprol, disulfiram, 1,4-dithiothreitol, reduced glutathione, and spermidine phosphate. The primary types of tumors observed were squamous cell carcinomas of the stomach and thymic and nonthymic lymphomas. BHA reduced the incidence of malignant tumors to control levels, whereas cysteine hydrochloride, spermidine phosphate, and disulfiram reduced the incidence of chemically induced tumors by 42, 34, and 32%, respectively. Although cysteamine hydrochloride and disulfiram had no or only a modest effect on the overall incidence of tumors, the data suggested possible tissue-specific anticarcinogenic properties for these agents. Of the 8 antioxidants tested, only 1 had marked anticarcinogenic properties against SQ18506. These data indicate that antioxidant properties alone cannot account for the anticarcinogenic activity of the compounds tested. Coadministration of the anticarcinogen BHA with SQ18506 also blocked the chemotherapeutic effects of this agent on female CD-1 mice infected with Schistosoma mansoni.
Awards, Appointments, Announcements
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1989)

Journal Article Awards, Appointments, Announcements Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 81, Issue 15, 2 August 1989, Pages 1131–1132, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/81.15.1131 Published: 02 August 1989
Allergic Purpura Induced by Exposure to p-Dichlorobenzene
Authors: Robert M. Nalbandian
Journal: JAMA (1965)

FOR MANY YEARS an extensively used moth repellent,<i>p</i>-dichlorobenzene (Di-chloricide) has only rarely been implicated in the production of adverse reactions.<sup>1-3</sup>We have recorded here the first case to our knowledge of allergic (anaphylactoid) purpura induced by exposure to<i>p</i>-dichlorobenzene. Since acute glomerulonephritis developed in this patient as a complication in the course of the allergic purpura (a relationship previously reported<sup>4</sup>), reexposure to the probable offending agent p-dichlorobenzene, to establish etiology, was considered but rejected. The etiologic relationship between p-dichlorobenzene and the provoked allergic purpura was later unequivocally established by positive results of a basophil degranulation test.<sup>5</sup>Additional injury to the patient in the search for the etiologic factor was thus avoided. A brief report of the significant features of the patient's hospitalization follows. <h3>Report of a Case</h3><h3>Present Illness.—</h3> This 69-year-old white retired man was in apparent good health until three weeks prior to
Hospital Information Systems
Authors: Bruce A. Friedman
Journal: JAMA (1987)

THERE is an urgent need to take a fresh look at hospital information systems (HIS) from the perspective of the organizational structure of hospitals, the funding of such systems, and the role that physicians should play in their operation. Failing this, we believe that HIS and their medically related components will continue to suffer serious developmental lags. This commentary, an admittedly brief foray into a complex topic, has two purposes. First, we analyze why little progress has been made in the development of medically oriented information systems in hospitals. Second, using our frame-work for the organization of HIS as a reference, we offer a prescriptive view of the future organization and development of such systems, emphasizing the need for an expanded role for physicians. Such a shift of responsibility will not occur rapidly or spontaneously, but we will discuss implementation elsewhere. Most existing automated system applications in hospitals are administrative
Othello: Projection in Art
Authors: Leon J. Saul
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Freud said that artistic accomplishment remained a riddle to him, although it seemed clear that the artist, by transforming his conscious and unconscious fantasies into art, wins the success in the real world that he always longed for.<sup>1</sup>Since Freud's time, much has been learned about images, conscience, and projection. Artistic creations (at least one large category of them) are projections of images from within the artist, images which generally represent powerful feelings and which therefore awaken emotional responses in the public. The following is a brief note designed to demonstrate a possible way in which projection may operate in the creation of literary characters and in other arts as well. The dynamic psychiatrist who sees Shakespeare's<i>Othello</i>and reads this gripping drama realizes that it can be viewed as a study in paranoid jealousy. But his views may not agree with those of some scholars who, although far