tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in general practice
Authors: H. L Waldum
Journal: BMJ (2002)

# Last year's guidelines are probably biased {#article-title-2} EDITOR—We read with interest last year's paper by Dent et al on the management of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in general practice.1 Dent et al are closely connected to AstraZeneca, as is shown by the competing interests declared at the end of the article. The same company participated in the preparation of the manuscript. The article is based on the view of participants at a workshop arranged by AstraZeneca, which accordingly determined who should be invited. We suppose that the questions posted at the workshop had been made by AstraZeneca before the selected “experts” were asked to answer them by putting their finger on the button. The votes from such a highly selected panel are now, more or less, presented as a guideline for general practitioners in the treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. It is not surprising that a pharmaceutical company is trying to sell its products, and it is not surprising that doctors closely connected to pharmaceutical companies write such a manuscript. It is, however, remarkable that a reputable journal like the BMJ accepts such a manuscript for publication. 1. 1.↵1. Dent J, 2. Jones R, 3. Kahrilas P, 4. Talley NJ . Management of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in general practice. BMJ 2001; 322: 344–347. [OpenUrl][1][FREE Full Text][2] # Utility and acceptability of Infai C13-urea breath test has been shown {#article-title-4} EDITOR—Last year's clinical review by Dent et al on the management of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in general practice provides another interesting perspective on this problem.1 Little reference has, however, been made to testing for … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DBMJ%26rft.stitle%253DBMJ%26rft.issn%253D0007-1447%26rft.aulast%253DDent%26rft.auinit1%253DJ.%26rft.volume%253D322%26rft.issue%253D7282%26rft.spage%253D344%26rft.epage%253D347%26rft.atitle%253DManagement%2Bof%2Bgastro-oesophageal%2Breflux%2Bdisease%2Bin%2Bgeneral%2Bpractice%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1136%252Fbmj.322.7282.344%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F11159660%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/ijlink?linkType=FULL&journalCode=bmj&resid=322/7282/344&atom=%2Fbmj%2F324%2F7335%2F485.atom
HTLV-III/LAV and the Monocyte/Macrophage
Authors: Howard Z. Streicher
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Three important articles<sup>1-3</sup>in this issue ofTHE JOURNALfocus our attention on infection of monocytes by human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (HTLV-III/LAV), the virus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. These articles show that a cell with the characteristics of a monocyte/macrophage is the predominantly infected cell in the brain and lung. They provide strong support for the concept that direct viral infection of these organs by HTLV-III/LAV causes central nervous system disease and lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia. Although often overshadowed by devastating immunologic deficiency disease, a high incidence of neurological diseases, characteristically dementia with subacute encephalopathy, has been seen in HTLV-III-infected patients. In the majority of these patients, the neurological diseases were not associated with opportunistic pathogens, suggesting that the neurological disease was caused by the HTLV-III/LAV itself. Convincing evidence of the presence of the virus in the brain was first provided by Southern blot hybridization and
THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN MEDICAL COLLEGES.
Authors: W J Means
Journal: JAMA (1891)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Genitourinary tuberculosis.
Authors: M Yokoyama
Journal: BMJ (1971)

Genitourinary tuberculosis, once the most prevailed disease, has become very rare. Urinary frequency, pain on urination and aseptic pyuria are the key symptoms of urinary tuberculosis. At least three consecutive urine cultures for Mycobacterium tuberculosis are necessary. Renal calcification in KUB film, distortion, obliteration and destruction of single or more calices in excretory urography may lead to proper diagnosis. Induration and swelling of the globus minor of epididymis adhering to the skin or with cutaneous fistula are suggestive of genital tuberculosis. It is of extreme importance to suspect the tuberculosis in such patients especially when the symptoms are not relieved by antibiotic treatment. Current short-term chemotherapy using pyrazinamide, isonizid and rifampicin with a help of surgery is successful in most of the patients with genitourinary tuberculosis.
Awards, Appointments, Announcements
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1989)

Journal Article Awards, Appointments, Announcements Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 81, Issue 17, 6 September 1989, Pages 1283–1285, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/81.17.1283 Published: 06 September 1989
Lumbar puncture and headache
Authors: T. Muldoon, S. Yentis, F. Reynolds, G. O'Sullivan, A Strachan, J Train, M. R Nel, N. Robinson
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Clinical management of meningococcal disease Coning may occur without lumbar puncture being doneEditor-Wylie et al do not give the ages of their 252 patients with meningococcal disease, but their recommendation for fewer lumbar punctures should be interpreted cautiously in children. 1 Four deaths were attributed to lumbar puncture, which was done in 198 patients.Two patients deteriorated after lumbar puncture, and postmortem examination showed brainstem herniation.Even when lumbar puncture is not performed, however, patients with meningococcal disease can deteriorate after admission and can cone secondary to raised intracranial pressure.A causal relation in these two cases is not proved.In two patients antibiotic treatment was delayed because initial examination of cerebrospinal fluid was normal.This is a criticism of clinicians, not a risk of lumbar puncture.The risk of cerebrospinal fluid initially giving false negative results and the difficulty of diagnosing meningitis clinically in young children are both recognised.If an ill child warrants a lumbar puncture then he or she should receive antibiotics for 48 hours pending the results of culture, irrespective of the initial results of microscopy.Lumbar puncture may be dangerous if patients have hypotension, coma, raised intracranial pressure, or focal signs and is unnecessary if there is a typical rash.In a series of 445 children with meningitis, the two children with meningococcal infection and cerebral herniation had contraindications to lumbar puncture. 2Lumbar puncture must be performed more readily in children than adults because of the difficulty of diagnosing meningitis clinically.In 86 children with meningococcal meningitis, only 34 had a typical haemorrhagic rash, and not always at presentation. 3 In Wylie et al's series, lumbar puncture gave a positive result initially in 177 of 198 cases and an overall positive result in 186.In children, a clinical diagnosis of meningitis is unlikely to have a similar sensitivity of 89-94%.Moreover, it is unclear how often a positive culture was obtained from another site in the 120 cases that yielded meningococci; molecular biological techniques give no information on antibiotic sensitivity.If fewer lumbar punctures are done in children with meningitis some will be missed and the start of treatment will be delayed.This increases the risk of death, 4 possibly above the 2% attributable to lumbar puncture in this series.Wylie et al have shown a high sensitivity and low mortality from lumbar puncture.Before recommending that the procedure be used less we need to be reassured that clinical diagnosis alone does not result in worse sensitivity and mortality, particularly in children.
Cigarette Smoking Decreases Cerebral Blood Flow Suggesting Increased Risk for Stroke
Authors: Robert L. Rogers
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Effects of chronic cigarette smoking on cerebral blood flow were investigated by measuring gray matter blood flow (Fg) using xenon 133 inhalation among 192 volunteers without cerebrovascular symptoms. There were 108 normal, healthy volunteers; 84 had risk factors for stroke (hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and/or heart disease). Of both risk and nonrisk groups, 75 were habitual smokers (0.5 to 3.5 packs per day for 25 years). Comparisons of mean Fg values for both hemispheres showed significant reductions related to tobacco consumption and risk factors for stroke. Multiple-regression equations using smoking, age, risk, and alcohol consumption indicated a combined R2 value of 0.22. Smoking seems to be a potent risk factor decreasing cerebral blood flow probably by enhancing cerebral arteriosclerosis. Chronic cigarette smoking in persons with other risk factors further reduced Fg values in an additive manner when compared with subjects who had corresponding risk factors who did not smoke. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;250:2796-2800)
Editorial board and contents
Authors: David Plachetzki, Jeanne Serb, Todd Oakley, Xu-Sheng Zhang, William Hill, Raphael Didham, Jason Tylianakis, Melissa Hutchison, Robert Ewers, Neil Gemmell, Bob Wong, Hanna Kokko, Richard Francis, Susan Healy, Selvino De Kort, Nicola Clayton, Stephen Schneider, Tom Wakeford, Ryan Gregory, Laura Katz, Massimo Pigliucci, Salvatore Cozzolino, Alex Widmer, Michael Kearney, Nathalie Pettorelli, Jon Vik, Atle Mysterud, Jean-Michel Gaillard, Compton Tucker, Nils Stenseth, James Lloyd-Smith, Paul Cross, Cheryl Briggs, Matt Daugherty, Wayne Getz, John Latto, Maria Sanchez, Adam Smith, Andrea Trendsin, Katrina Lythgoe, Linsey Stapley, Laura Smith, Manager Moulton
Journal: Trends in Ecology & Evolution (2005)
Proteins and the Theory of Colloidal Behavior.
Journal: JAMA (1925)

This is a rather thorough revision and enlargement of the first edition. The late Professor Loeb, whose career and achievements are so much admired, has personally added new experimental work. He has thereby strengthened the arguments he advanced in his first edition. If his theory is correct, much has been accomplished in simplifying our vague ideas of certain colloidal phenomena; if not, that fact will be discovered in due time. Just now, however, there is need for this book.
Fever Induced by Labetalol
Authors: Bruno H. Ch. Stricker
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Fever caused by [β-adrenoceptor blocking agents is rare. We describe fever in two patients who had been treated with labetalol. In both patients, two challenge periods were rapidly followed by a relapse, whereas on each occasion there was normalization of temperature after discontinuation of the drug therapy. This reaction is rare and unpredictable. Because there was a clear sensitization period of three to four weeks, dose independency, and an accelerated reaction to rechallenge, this adverse effect seems to be caused by an immunoallergic reaction. (<i>JAMA</i>1986;256:619-620)
Current Medical Literature
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Epidermoid Cyst of the Cecum
Authors: Bert L. Pear
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Epidermoid cyst of the cecum is rare. These sequestration cysts may be congenital or acquired. The congenital epidermoid cysts relate to inclusion of ectodermal elements at time of closure of the neural groove or when epithelial surfaces coalesce. Acquired epidermoid cysts are traumatic or iatrogenic in origin and are due to implantation of epidermis in locations favorable to growth. Since in both reported cases of epidermoid cyst of the cecum the patients had had an appendectomy at which time no cyst was found, implantation may have occurred at that time.
Pathology as Related to Tryptophan Metabolite Excretion, Occupational History, and Smoking Habits in Patients With Bladder Cancer&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;1&lt;/xref&gt;
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1969)

Journal Article Pathology as Related to Tryptophan Metabolite Excretion, Occupational History, and Smoking Habits in Patients With Bladder Cancer Get access Gilbert H. Friedell, M.D., Gilbert H. Friedell, M.D. Cancer Research Institute, New England Deaconess Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, and the Department of Pathology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Spencer W. Burney, Spencer W. Burney Cancer Research Institute, New England Deaconess Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, and the Department of Pathology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar John R. Bell, John R. Bell Cancer Research Institute, New England Deaconess Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, and the Department of Pathology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Enrique Soto Enrique Soto Cancer Research Institute, New England Deaconess Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, and the Department of Pathology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 43, Issue 1, July 1969, Pages 303–306, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/43.1.303 Published: 01 July 1969
Public Hospitals Often Face Unmet Capital Needs, Underfunding, Uncompensated Patient-Care Costs
Authors: Emily Friedman
Journal: JAMA (1987)

ACCORDING TO THE 1986 edition of the American Hospital Association's<i>Hospital Statistics</i>, in 1985 there were 1616 state and local government-owned short-term general and "other" (excluding tuberculosis, respiratory disease, and psychiatric) hospitals in the United States. Their average occupancy was 62.8%—not significantly different from the national average for all hospitals. Although there were only seven public tuberculosis and respiratory disease hospitals left in the country, there were still 34 state and local short-term psychiatric facilities and 226 state and local long-term psychiatric hospitals. Public hospitals continue to struggle with the burden of patients for whose care reimbursement is inadequate or nonexistent. A report by Dun &amp; Bradstreet Credit Services in 1986 found that "state, county, and municipal hospitals saw the sharpest revenue drop of all [health care] industry segments" in 1985 (News at Deadline,<i>Hospitals</i>, 1986; 60[Nov 5]:17). A1985 joint study by the AHA and the Urban Institute found that
Early Data Suggest Clot-Dissolving Drug May Help Save Frostbitten Limbs From Amputation
Authors: Andrew A. Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1992)

THE DRUG highly touted for its ability to dissolve blood clots in coronary arteries is showing promise as a treatment for severe frostbite and may reduce the need to amputate limbs that have been frozen. The results of a partially completed pilot study suggest that the thrombolytic agent, recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (r-tPA; Activase, manufactured by Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, Calif), may help save severely frostbitten limbs by restoring blood flow to the affected areas. These preliminary findings were presented at the recent 77th annual meeting of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) in Chicago, Ill, by Steven Sirr, MD, a radiologist now at Abbott Northwestern Hospital, Minneapolis, Minn. Although the pilot study, which is still under way at Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis, appears to have shown dramatic results in four patients who received the therapy, these numbers are too few to leap to any conclusions about
Highlights from Recent Cancer Literature
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

The basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor Olig2 drives proliferation and cell fate in the central nervous system and is often dysregulated in brain tumors.Olig2 is also known to oppose p53, in that Olig2 represses the p53 target p21, a negative regulator of proliferation.Two new articles-one by Sun and colleagues and the other by Mehta and colleagues-show that Olig2 is phosphorylated at three closely approximated N-terminal serine residues.Although this phosphorylation was not required for Olig2-directed differentiation of oligodendrocytes, phosphorylation did correlate with the oncogenic potential of Olig2 in cultured neural progenitors derived from human glioma tumors.Interestingly, one of six primary tumorsphere cell lines tested was mutant in p53, and in this cell line, the phosphorylation status of Olig2 did not correlate with proliferative potential.The authors go on to show that phosphorylated Olig2 suppressed acetylation of the p53 protein that contributed to efficient p53 transcription.Thus, Olig2 suppresses p53-mediated responses to genotoxic damage.In the absence of Olig2, p53 function was enhanced.Olig2 may therefore contribute to therapy resistance observed in the majority of high-grade gliomas, which are wild-type for p53.Furthermore, identification of the kinase responsible for phosphorylation of Olig2 may represent a new therapeutic target for the malignant gliomas.
Medical Embryology: Human Development —Normal and Abnormal.
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Endoscopy International Open – recently published
Journal: Endoscopy (2018)

Comment on: Multiple convex demarcation line for prediction of benign depressed gastric lesions in magnifying narrow-band imagingEndosc Int Open 2018; 06(02): E145-E155DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-121267 Comment on: Validity of conventional endoscopy using “non-extension sign” for optical diagnosis of colorectal deep submucosal invasive cancerEndosc Int Open 2018; 06(02): E156-E164DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-121881 Comment on: Ankylosaurus back sign: novel endoscopic finding in esophageal eosinophilia patients indicating proton pump inhibitor responseEndosc Int Open 2018; 06(02): E165-E172DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-122882
Benjamin Rush: Physician and Citizen, 1746-1813
Journal: JAMA (1935)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Social Relations of Science
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal