tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Global oncology research and training at US National Cancer Institute-designated cancer centres: results of the 2021 Global Oncology Survey
Authors: Elise M Garton, Mishka K Cira, Patrick J Loehrer, Linsey Eldridge, Allison Frank, Laura Prakash, Shine Chang, Ramzi G Salloum, Henry Ciolino, Min He, Satish Gopal, Kalina Duncan
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2023)
Cancer germline predisposing variants and late mortality from subsequent malignant neoplasms among long-term childhood cancer survivors: a report from the St Jude Lifetime Cohort and the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study
Authors: Cheng Chen, Na Qin, Mingjuan Wang, Qian Dong, Saima Sultana Tithi, Yawei Hui, Wenan Chen, Gang Wu, Dennis Kennetz, Michael N Edmonson, Michael C Rusch, Andrew Thrasher, John Easton, Heather L Mulder, Nan Song, Noel-Marie Plonski, Kyla Shelton, Cindy Im, Matthew J Ehrhardt, Kim E Nichols, Wendy M Leisenring, Kayla L Stratton, Rebecca Howell, Yutaka Yasui, Smita Bhatia, Gregory T Armstrong, Kirsten K Ness, Melissa M Hudson, Jinghui Zhang, Hui Wang, Deo Kumar Srivastava, Leslie L Robison, Zhaoming Wang
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2023)
In T2DM uncontrolled with noninsulin glucose-lowering agents, weekly icodec reduced HbA<sub>1c</sub> vs. daily glargine at 52 wk
Authors: Heiba Belal, Gunjan Y. Gandhi
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2023)

Rosenstock J, Bain SC, Gowda A, et al; ONWARDS 1 Trial Investigators. Weekly icodec versus daily glargine U100 in type 2 diabetes without previous insulin. N Engl J Med. 2023;389:297-308. 37356066.
Cytisinicline increased smoking abstinence at 6 and 12 wk
Authors: David King
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2023)

ACP Journal Club3 October 2023Cytisinicline increased smoking abstinence at 6 and 12 wkDavid King, MBBS, MPHDavid King, MBBS, MPHUniversity of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia (D.K.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/J23-0080 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationRigotti NA, Benowitz NL, Prochaska J, et al. Cytisinicline for smoking cessation: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2023;330:152-160. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37432430Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Public Health: References1. Karnieg T, Wang X. Cytisine for smoking cessation. CMAJ. 2018;190:E596. [PMID: 29759967] Google Scholar2. Livingstone-Banks J, Fanshawe TR, Thomas KH, et al. Nicotine receptor partial agonists for smoking cessation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2023;5:CD006103. [PMID: 37142273] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: David King, MBBS, MPHAffiliations: University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia (D.K.)Disclosures: The commentator has reported no disclosures of interest. The form can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=J23-0080.This article was published at Annals.org on 3 October 2023.ACP Journal Club is editorially independent from Annals of Internal Medicine. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics LatestKeywordsAdverse eventsCarbon monoxideClinical trialsDepressionRandomized trialsSerious adverse eventsSmoking cessationSmoking habitsSuicide ePublished: 3 October 2023 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2023 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
In ischemic stroke without large or medium vessel occlusion, tirofiban increased likelihood of an excellent outcome
Authors: Mark J. Alberts
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2023)

ACP Journal Club3 October 2023In ischemic stroke without large or medium vessel occlusion, tirofiban increased likelihood of an excellent outcomeMark J. Alberts, MDMark J. Alberts, MDHartford HealthCare and Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut, USA (M.J.A.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/J23-0074 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationZi W, Song J, Kong W, et al; RESCUE BT2 Investigators. Tirofiban for stroke without large or medium-sized vessel occlusion. N Engl J Med. 2023;388:2025-2036. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37256974Clinical Impact RatingsEmergency Med: Hospitalists: GIM/FP/GP: Neurology: References1. Gellatly RM, Connell C, Tan C, et al. Trends in use and outcomes associated with glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors in patients with acute coronary syndromes undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Ann Pharmacother. 2020;54:414-422. [PMID: 31766865] Google Scholar2. Cohen M, Diez JE, Levine GN, et al; ACC; AHA. Pharmacoinvasive management of acute coronary syndrome: incorporating the 2007 ACC/AHA guidelines: the CATH (cardiac catheterization and antithrombotic therapy in the hospital) Clinical Consensus Panel Report—III. J Invasive Cardiol. 2007;19:525-538. [PMID: 18180524] Google Scholar3. Brown DL, Levine DA, Albright K, et al; American Heart Association Stroke Council. Benefits and risks of dual versus single antiplatelet therapy for secondary stroke prevention: a systematic review for the 2021 guideline for the prevention of stroke in patients with stroke and transient ischemic attack. Stroke. 2021;52:e468-e479.[PMID: 34024115] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Mark J. Alberts, MDAffiliations: Hartford HealthCare and Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut, USA (M.J.A.)Disclosures: The commentator has reported no disclosures of interest. The form can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=J23-0074.This article was published at Annals.org on 3 October 2023.ACP Journal Club is editorially independent from Annals of Internal Medicine. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics October 2023Volume 176, Issue 10Page: JC111KeywordsAntiplatelet therapyAspirinHemorrhageIschemic strokeMyocardial infarctionSafetySmoking habitsStroke ePublished: 3 October 2023 Issue Published: October 2023 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2023 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
In persistent dyspnea after COVID-19 ARDS, exercise training rehabilitation vs. usual PT reduced dyspnea at 90 d
Authors: Nicholas S. Hill
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2023)

Source Citation Romanet C, Wormser J, Fels A, et al. Effectiveness of exercise training on the dyspnoea of individuals with long COVID: a randomised controlled multicentre trial. Ann Phys Rehabil Med. 2023;66:101765. 37271020
Association Between Vascular <sup>18</sup>F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Uptake at Diagnosis and Change in Aortic Dimensions in Giant Cell Arteritis
Authors: Lien Moreel, Walter Coudyzer, Lennert Boeckxstaens, Albrecht Betrains, Geert Molenberghs, Steven Vanderschueren, Eveline Claus, Koen Van Laere, Daniel Blockmans
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2023)

Background: Previous studies have shown that patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA) who have vascular 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake at diagnosis are at increased risk for thoracic aortic complications. Objective: To measure the association between vascular FDG uptake at diagnosis and the change in aortic dimensions. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: University Hospitals Leuven. Patients: 106 patients with GCA and FDG positron emission tomography (PET) imaging 3 days or less after initiation of glucocorticoids. Measurements: Patients had PET and computed tomography (CT) imaging at diagnosis and CT imaging yearly for a maximum of 10 years. The PET scans were scored 0 to 3 in 7 vascular areas and summed to a total vascular score (TVS). The PET scan results were positive when FDG uptake was grade 2 or greater in any large vessel. The association between vascular FDG uptake and aortic dimensions was estimated by linear mixed-effects models with random intercept and slope. Results: When compared with patients with a negative PET scan result, those with a positive scan result had a greater increase in the diameter of the ascending aorta (difference in 5-year progression, 1.58 mm [95% CI, 0.41 to 2.74 mm]), the diameter of the descending aorta (1.32 mm [CI, 0.38 to 2.26 mm]), and the volume of the thoracic aorta (20.5 cm³ [CI, 4.5 to 36.5 cm³]). These thoracic aortic dimensions were also positively associated with TVS. Patients with a positive PET scan result had a higher risk for thoracic aortic aneurysms (adjusted hazard ratio, 10.21 [CI, 1.25 to 83.3]). Limitation: The lengthy inclusion and follow-up period resulted in missing data and the use of different PET machines. Conclusion: Higher TVS was associated with greater yearly increase in thoracic aortic dimensions. Performing PET imaging at diagnosis may help to estimate the risk for aortic aneurysm formation. Primary Funding Source: None.
Quality Indicators for Osteoporosis in Adults: A Review of Performance Measures by the American College of Physicians
Authors: Amir Qaseem, Cristin A. Mount, Karen Campos, Robert M. McLean, Samantha Tierney, J. Thomas Cross, Nick Fitterman, Nick Fitterman, J. Thomas Cross, Rebecca A. Andrews, Peter Basch, Caroline L. Goldzweig, Scott T. MacDonald, Catherine H. MacLean, Suja M. Mathew, Robert M. McLean, Cristin A. Mount, Rhea E. Powell, Sameer D. Saini, Karen Campos, Amir Qaseem, Samantha Tierney
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2023)

Primary osteoporosis is characterized by decreasing bone mass and density and reduced bone strength that leads to a higher risk for fracture, especially hip and spine fractures. The prevalence of osteoporosis in the United States is estimated at 12.6% for adults older than 50 years. Although it is most frequently diagnosed in White and Asian females, it still affects males and females of all ethnicities. Osteoporosis is considered a major health issue, which has prompted the development and use of several performance measures to assess and improve the effectiveness of screening, diagnosis, and treatment. These performance measures are often used in accountability, public reporting, and/or payment programs. However, the reliability, validity, evidence, attribution, and meaningfulness of performance measures have been questioned. The purpose of this paper is to present a review of current performance measures on osteoporosis and inform physicians, payers, and policymakers in their selection of performance measures for this condition. The Performance Measurement Committee identified 6 osteoporosis performance measures relevant to internal medicine physicians, only 1 of which was found valid at all levels of attribution. This paper also proposes a performance measure concept to address a performance gap for the initial approach to therapy for patients with a new diagnosis of osteoporosis based on the current American College of Physicians guideline.
Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence in Patients With Transient New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation Detected During Hospitalization for Noncardiac Surgery or Medical Illness
Authors: William F. McIntyre, Maria E. Vadakken, Stuart J. Connolly, Pablo A. Mendoza, Alexandra P. Lengyel, Anand S. Rai, Nicole R. Latendresse, Alex J. Grinvalds, Chinthanie Ramasundarahettige, J. Gabriel Acosta, Kevin J. Um, Jason D. Roberts, David Conen, Jorge A. Wong, P.J. Devereaux, Emilie P. Belley-Côté, Richard P. Whitlock, Jeff S. Healey
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2023)

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is often detected for the first time in patients who are hospitalized for another reason. Long-term risks for AF recurrence in these patients are unclear. Objective: To estimate risk for AF recurrence in patients with new-onset AF during a hospitalization for noncardiac surgery or medical illness compared with a matched population without AF. Design: Matched cohort study. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03221777) Setting: Three academic hospitals in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Participants: The study enrolled patients hospitalized for noncardiac surgery or medical illness who had transient new-onset AF. For each participant, an age- and sex-matched control participant with no history of AF from the same hospital ward was recruited. All participants left the hospital in sinus rhythm. Measurements: 14-day electrocardiographic (ECG) monitor at 1 and 6 months and telephone assessment at 1, 6, and 12 months. The primary outcome was AF lasting at least 30 seconds on the monitor or captured by ECG 12-lead during routine care at 12 months. Results: Among 139 participants with transient new-onset AF (70 patients with medical illness and 69 surgical patients) and 139 matched control participants, the mean age was 71 years (SD, 10), the mean CHA2DS2-VASc score was 3.0 (SD, 1.5), and 59% were male. The median duration of AF during the index hospitalization was 15.8 hours (IQR, 6.4 to 49.6 hours). After 1 year, recurrent AF was detected in 33.1% (95% CI, 25.3% to 40.9%) of participants in the transient new-onset AF group and 5.0% (CI, 1.4% to 8.7%) of matched control participants; after adjustment for the number of ECG monitors worn and for baseline clinical differences, the adjusted relative risk was 6.6 (CI, 3.2 to 13.7). After exclusion of participants who had electrical or pharmacologic cardioversion during the index hospitalization (n = 40) and their matched control participants and limiting to AF events detected by the patch ECG monitor, recurrent AF was detected in 32.3% (CI, 23.1% to 41.5%) of participants with transient new-onset AF and 3.0% (CI, 0% to 6.4%) of matched control participants. Limitations: Generalizability is limited, and the study was underpowered to evaluate subgroups and clinical predictors. Conclusion: Among patients who have transient new-onset AF during a hospitalization for noncardiac surgery or medical illness, approximately 1 in 3 will have recurrent AF within 1 year. Primary Funding Source: Peer-reviewed grants.
Vitamin C Is Mandatory for the Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle Production of Antiinflammatory Itaconate
Authors: Elif Soysal, Elizabeth Castellano, Aybike Korkmaz, Steven J. Mullett, Nahmah Kim-Campbell, Michael Epperly, Stacy Wendell, Valerian E. Kagan, Hülya Bayır, Elif Soysal, Elizabeth Castellano, Aybike Korkmaz, Steven J. Mullett, Nahmah Kim-Campbell, Michael Epperly, Stacy Wendell, Carla Johnson, Yuan Gao, Hong Wang, Beyza Doganay, Qin Yang, Julie Scott, Dhivyaa Rajasundaram, Joel Greenberger, Andrew Lamade, Eric Goetzman, Rajesh K. Aneja, Robert S.B. Clark, Valerian E. Kagan, Hülya Bayır
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2023)

"Vitamin C is Mandatory for the TCA Cycle Production of Anti-Inflammatory Itaconate." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 0(ja), pp.
Association of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Metrics With Pregnancy Outcomes in Patients With Preexisting Diabetes
Authors: Ayodeji A. Sanusi, Yumo Xue, Claire McIlwraith, Hannah Howard, Brian E. Brocato, Brian Casey, Jeff M. Szychowski, Ashley N. Battarbee
Journal: Diabetes Care (2023)

Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) improves maternal glycemic control and neonatal outcomes in type 1 diabetes pregnancies compared with self-monitoring of blood glucose. However, CGM targets for pregnancy are based on expert opinion. We aimed to evaluate the association between CGM metrics and perinatal outcomes and identify evidence-based targets to reduce morbidity.
Luspatercept stimulates erythropoiesis, increases iron utilization, and redistributes body iron in transfusion‐dependent thalassemia
Authors: Maciej W. Garbowski, Manuel Ugidos, Alberto Risueño, Jeevan K. Shetty, Martin Schwickart, Olivier Hermine, John B. Porter, Anjan Thakurta, Sadanand Vodala
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2023)

Abstract Luspatercept, a ligand‐trapping fusion protein, binds select TGF‐β superfamily ligands implicated in thalassemic erythropoiesis, promoting late‐stage erythroid maturation. Luspatercept reduced transfusion burden in the BELIEVE trial (NCT02604433) of 336 adults with transfusion‐dependent thalassemia (TDT). Analysis of biomarkers in BELIEVE offers novel physiological and clinical insights into benefits offered by luspatercept. Transfusion iron loading rates decreased 20% by 1.4 g (~7 blood units; median iron loading rate difference: −0.05 ± 0.07 mg Fe/kg/day, p &lt; .0001) and serum ferritin (s‐ferritin) decreased 19.2% by 269.3 ± 963.7 μg/L ( p &lt; .0001), indicating reduced macrophage iron. However, liver iron content (LIC) did not decrease but showed statistically nonsignificant increases from 5.3 to 6.7 mg/g dw. Erythropoietin, growth differentiation factor 15, soluble transferrin receptor 1 (sTfR1), and reticulocytes rose by 93%, 59%, 66%, and 112%, respectively; accordingly, erythroferrone increased by 51% and hepcidin decreased by 53% (all p &lt; .0001). Decreased transfusion with luspatercept in patients with TDT was associated with increased erythropoietic markers and decreasing hepcidin. Furthermore, s‐ferritin reduction associated with increased erythroid iron incorporation (marked by sTfR1) allowed increased erythrocyte marrow output, consequently reducing transfusion needs and enhancing rerouting of hemolysis (heme) iron and non‐transferrin‐bound iron to the liver. LIC increased in patients with intact spleens, consistent with iron redistribution given the hepcidin reduction. Thus, erythropoietic and hepcidin changes with luspatercept in TDT lower transfusion dependency and may redistribute iron from macrophages to hepatocytes, necessitating the use of concomitant chelator cover for effective iron management.
Clonal hematopoiesis in unexplained cytopenias
Authors: Han‐yang Wu, Chao‐yang Gu, Shuang Liu, Qiao‐feng Dong, Lin Dong, Liang Wang, Xin‐ru Wang, Si‐yuan Cui, Zhao Li, Xin‐guang Liu, Dao‐xin Ma, Chun‐yan Ji
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2023)

Clonal hematopoiesis in unexplained cytopeniasTo the Editor: Unexplained cytopenia is an abnormal hematopoietic state characterized by undetermined peripheral blood cell reduction.Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) is a phenomenon in which hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) with molecular mutations form terminally differentiated blood cells carrying reproducible biological markers.Unexplained cytopenia without CH is referred to as idiopathic cytopenia of undetermined significance (ICUS).A special subtype of unexplained cytopenia with clonal gene mutations related to hematological malignancies, named clonal cytopenia of undetermined significance (CCUS), was shown to be different from ICUS in prognosis. 1though the diagnosis and treatment of patients with unexplained cytopenia remain controversial, it is agreed that unexplained cytopenia patients have a propensity to develop myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or even acute myeloid leukemia (AML). 2 Therefore, the identification of unexplained cytopenia patients that have more tendency to malignant transformation is of great clinical significance.In the present study, we conducted targeted nextgeneration sequencing (NGS) using a relatively large panel of MDS-AML-related genes in unexplained cytopenia patients from several medical centers, aiming to investigate the profile of CH in unexplained cytopenia and explore its significance in disease progression.We enrolled 273 patients with unexplained cytopenia from 7 tertiary hospitals in China between October 2016 and April 2022.Peripheral blood or bone marrow (BM) samples were collected for targeted sequencing.Unexplained cytopenia patients were diagnosed according to the 5th edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Haematolymphoid Tumours: Myeloid and Histiocytic/ Dendritic Neoplasms. 1 Follow-up was initiated at the date of blood or BM sampling and ended in May 2022 or at the date of death.Informed consent was obtained from all patients before sampling.The study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of each institution.The protocols about NGS, the methods for statistical analysis, and risk prediction model construction are described in detail in Data S1.Among all included patients, 27.8% (76/273) cases were found to harbor clonal mutations (Figure 1A), which was lower than the previously reported frequencies of 38%-64%. 2,3The median age of our patients was about 10 years lower than those in previous studies, which might account for the decreased percentage of CH in our cohort.In addition, our NGS panels included fewer genes than those used in previous studies, which could also cause the lower frequency of CH in our study.
CIP2A coordinates phosphosignaling, mitosis, and the DNA damage response
Authors: Srikar Nagelli, Jukka Westermarck
Journal: Trends in cancer (2023)

Human cancers share requirements for phosphorylation-dependent signaling, mitotic hyperactivity, and survival after DNA damage. The oncoprotein CIP2A (cancerous inhibitor of PP2A) can coordinate all these cancer cell characteristics. In addition to controlling cancer cell phosphoproteomes via inhibition of protein phosphatase PP2A, CIP2A directly interacts with the DNA damage protein TopBP1 (topoisomerase II-binding protein 1). Consequently, CIP2A allows DNA-damaged cells to enter mitosis and is essential for mitotic cells that are defective in homologous recombination (HR)-mediated DNA repair (e.g., BRCA mutants). The CIP2A-TopBP1 complex is also important for clustering fragmented chromosomes at mitosis. Clinically, CIP2A is a disease driver for basal-like triple-negative breast cancer (BL-TNBC) and a promising cancer therapy target across many cancer types.
In T2DM uncontrolled with noninsulin glucose-lowering agents, weekly icodec reduced HbA<sub>1c</sub> vs. daily degludec at 26 wk
Authors: Heiba Belal, Gunjan Y. Gandhi
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2023)

Source Citation Lingvay I, Asong M, Desouza C, et al. Once-weekly insulin icodec vs once-daily insulin degludec in adults with insulin-naive type 2 diabetes: the ONWARDS 3 randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2023;330:228-237. 37354562
Prognostic Implications of the Extent of Cardiac Damage in Patients With Fabry Disease
Authors: Maria Chiara Meucci, Rosa Lillo, Annamaria Del Franco, Emanuele Monda, Giulia Iannaccone, Riccardo Baldassarre, Federico Di Nicola, Vanda Parisi, Antonella Lombardo, Letizia Spinelli, Elena Biagini, Maurizio Pieroni, Antonio Pisani, Filippo Crea, Guido Iaccarino, Giuseppe Limongelli, Iacopo Olivotto, Francesca Graziani
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2023)