tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Clinical Utility of Combined MRI-PDFF and ALT Response in Predicting Histologic Response in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Daniel Q. Huang, Suzanne R. Sharpton, Maral Amangurbanova, Nobuharu Tamaki, Claude B. Sirlin, Rohit Loomba, Ricki Bettencourt, Egbert Madamba, Jinho Jung, Harris Siddiqi, Lisa Richards, Mark A. Valasek, Cynthia Behling
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2022)
The histone modification reader ZCWPW1 promotes double-strand break repair by regulating cross-talk of histone modifications and chromatin accessibility at meiotic hotspots
Authors: Shenli Yuan, Tao Huang, Ziyou Bao, Shiyu Wang, Xinyue Wu, Jiang Liu, Hongbin Liu, Zi-Jiang Chen
Journal: Genome biology (2022)

The PRDM9-dependent histone methylation H3K4me3 and H3K36me3 function in assuring accurate homologous recombination at recombination hotspots in mammals. Beyond histone methylation, H3 lysine 9 acetylation (H3K9ac) is also greatly enriched at recombination hotspots. Previous work has indicated the potential cross-talk between H3K4me3 and H3K9ac at recombination hotspots, but it is still unknown what molecular mechanisms mediate the cross-talk between the two histone modifications at hotspots or how the cross-talk regulates homologous recombination in meiosis.
The role of the gut microbiome in eye diseases
Authors: Denise C. Zysset-Burri, Sophia Morandi, Elio L. Herzog, Lieselotte E. Berger, Martin S. Zinkernagel
Journal: Progress in Retinal and Eye Research (2022)

The gut microbiome is a complex ecosystem of microorganisms and their genetic entities colonizing the gastrointestinal tract. When in balanced composition, the gut microbiome is in symbiotic interaction with its host and maintains intestinal homeostasis. It is involved in essential functions such as nutrient metabolism, inhibition of pathogens and regulation of immune function. Through translocation of microbes and their metabolites along the epithelial barrier, microbial dysbiosis induces systemic inflammation that may lead to tissue destruction and promote the onset of various diseases. Using whole-metagenome shotgun sequencing, several studies have shown that the composition and associated functional capacities of the gut microbiome are associated with age-related macular degeneration, retinal artery occlusion, central serous chorioretinopathy and uveitis. In this review, we provide an overview of the current knowledge about the gut microbiome in eye diseases, with a focus on interactions between the microbiome, specific microbial-derived metabolites and the immune system. We explain how these interactions may be involved in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration, retinal artery occlusion, central serous chorioretinopathy and uveitis and guide the development of new therapeutic approaches by microbiome-altering interventions for these diseases.
CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM IN SCHIZOPHRENIA
Authors: S. S. KETY, R. B. WOODFORD, M. H. HARMEL, F. A. FREYHAN, K. E. APPEL, C. F. SCHMIDT
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1948)

Studies by the use of the nitrous oxide technique on 22 schizophrenic patients show no deviation from values obtained in normal young males for cerebral blood flow and oxygen consumption. A clinically significant change in 8 patients given sodium pentothal or amytal intravenously is not associated with a measurable change in cerebral blood flow or cerebral oxygen consumption. Insulin hypoglycemia and coma is associated with a progressive decrease in cerebral utilization of oxygen and blood glucose, the cerebral circulation remaining unimpaired. The fall in blood glucose utilization is greater than that of oxygen. Electroshock is followed by a moderate decrease in metabolism and a marked decrease in cerebral blood flow in the face of a severe acidosis. Although there were no demonstrable deviations from the normal in this group of schizophrenic patients, our experience with this technique leads us to believe that it is worthy of extensive application in the study of the metabolic derangements in the brain associated with mental disease. It makes possible a new approach to psychiatric disorders, and gives the means of quantitatively determining the utilization or production of any substance capable of accurate analysis in the arterial and internal jugular venous blood.
Standards of Care for the Health of Transgender and Gender Diverse People, Version 8
Authors: E. Coleman, A. E. Radix, W. P. Bouman, G. R. Brown, A. L. C. de Vries, M. B. Deutsch, R. Ettner, L. Fraser, M. Goodman, J. Green, A. B. Hancock, T. W. Johnson, D. H. Karasic, G. A. Knudson, S. F. Leibowitz, H. F. L. Meyer-Bahlburg, S. J. Monstrey, J. Motmans, L. Nahata, T. O. Nieder, S. L. Reisner, C. Richards, L. S. Schechter, V. Tangpricha, A. C. Tishelman, M. A. A. Van Trotsenburg, S. Winter, K. Ducheny, N. J. Adams, T. M. Adrián, L. R. Allen, D. Azul, H. Bagga, K. Başar, D. S. Bathory, J. J. Belinky, D. R. Berg, J. U. Berli, R. O. Bluebond-Langner, M.-B. Bouman, M. L. Bowers, P. J. Brassard, J. Byrne, L. Capitán, C. J. Cargill, J. M. Carswell, S. C. Chang, G. Chelvakumar, T. Corneil, K. B. Dalke, G. De Cuypere, E. de Vries, M. Den Heijer, A. H. Devor, C. Dhejne, A. D’Marco, E. K. Edmiston, L. Edwards-Leeper, R. Ehrbar, D. Ehrensaft, J. Eisfeld, E. Elaut, L. Erickson-Schroth, J. L. Feldman, A. D. Fisher, M. M. Garcia, L. Gijs, S. E. Green, B. P. Hall, T. L. D. Hardy, M. S. Irwig, L. A. Jacobs, A. C. Janssen, K. Johnson, D. T. Klink, B. P. C. Kreukels, L. E. Kuper, E. J. Kvach, M. A. Malouf, R. Massey, T. Mazur, C. McLachlan, S. D. Morrison, S. W. Mosser, P. M. Neira, U. Nygren, J. M. Oates, J. Obedin-Maliver, G. Pagkalos, J. Patton, N. Phanuphak, K. Rachlin, T. Reed, G. N. Rider, J. Ristori, S. Robbins-Cherry, S. A. Roberts, K. A. Rodriguez-Wallberg, S. M. Rosenthal, K. Sabir, J. D. Safer, A. I. Scheim, L. J. Seal, T. J. Sehoole, K. Spencer, C. St. Amand, T. D. Steensma, J. F. Strang, G. B. Taylor, K. Tilleman, G. G. T’Sjoen, L. N. Vala, N. M. Van Mello, J. F. Veale, J. A. Vencill, B. Vincent, L. M. Wesp, M. A. West, J. Arcelus
Journal: International Journal of Transgender Health (2022)

Transgender healthcare is a rapidly evolving interdisciplinary field. In the last decade, there has been an unprecedented increase in the number and visibility of transgender and gender diverse (TGD) people seeking support and gender-affirming medical treatment in parallel with a significant rise in the scientific literature in this area. The World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH) is an international, multidisciplinary, professional association whose mission is to promote evidence-based care, education, research, public policy, and respect in transgender health. One of the main functions of WPATH is to promote the highest standards of health care for TGD people through the Standards of Care (SOC). The SOC was initially developed in 1979 and the last version (SOC-7) was published in 2012. In view of the increasing scientific evidence, WPATH commissioned a new version of the Standards of Care, the SOC-8.
Mitochondria‐Driven Dye Rearrangement That Enables Spatiotemporally Controlled Photomedicine
Authors: Pei Luo, Yongkang Zhang, Junqing Zhang, Hao Zhang, Chun Yang, Changhua Li
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2022)

Reversibly controlling the dye arrangements in living systems has great potential to realize spatiotemporally controlled photomedicine. However, tuning or even maintaining a certain arrangement of dyes in a complex living environments is extremely challenging due to the interference of the various biological species. Herein, a conceptual supramolecular strategy to engineer a switchable photosensitizer (PS) via mitochondria-mediated dynamic interconversion between monomer and J-aggregation, enabling specific activation of the mitochondria-targeting photodynamic therapy (PDT) and hibernation after mitochondria damage is presented. The presented mitochondria-mediated "activate-then-hibernate" PS design enables a fascinating spatiotemporally controlled PDT in which spatially controlled mitochondrial-targeting enhances therapeutic efficacy and temporally controlled activation-then-hibernation averts off-target damage during PDT and tissue damage after clinical treatment, thus offering significant potential for biological research and clinical needs.
A Reference Handbook of Gynecology for Nurses.
Journal: JAMA (1913)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Antigenic characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariant BA.2.75
Authors: Qian Wang, Sho Iketani, Zhiteng Li, Yicheng Guo, Andre Yanchen Yeh, Michael Liu, Jian Yu, Zizhang Sheng, Yaoxing Huang, Lihong Liu, David D. Ho
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2022)

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron subvariant BA.2.75 emerged recently and appears to be spreading. It has nine mutations in spike compared with the currently circulating BA.2, raising concerns that it may further evade vaccine-elicited and therapeutic antibodies. We found BA.2.75 to be moderately more neutralization resistant to sera from vaccinated/boosted individuals than BA.2 (1.8-fold), similar to BA.2.12.1 (1.1-fold), but more neutralization sensitive than BA.4/5 (0.6-fold). Relative to BA.2, BA.2.75 showed heightened resistance to class 1 and class 3 monoclonal antibodies targeting the spike-receptor-binding domain while gaining sensitivity to class 2 antibodies. Resistance was largely conferred by G446S and R460K mutations. BA.2.75 was slightly resistant (3.7-fold) to bebtelovimab, a therapeutic antibody with potent activity against all Omicron subvariants. BA.2.75 also exhibited a higher binding affinity to host receptor ACE2 than other Omicron subvariants. BA.2.75 provides further insight into SARS-CoV-2 evolution as it gains transmissibility while incrementally evading antibody neutralization.
Corrigendum to “Prognostic value of sequencing-based minimal residual disease detection in patients with multiple myeloma who underwent autologous stem-cell transplantation”
Authors: H. Takamatsu, N. Takezako, J. Zheng, M. Moorhead, V.E.H. Carlton, K.A. Kong, R. Murata, S. Ito, T. Miyamoto, K. Yokoyama, K. Matsue, T. Sato, T. Kurokawa, H. Yagi, Y. Terasaki, K. Ohata, M. Matsumoto, T. Yoshida, M. Faham, S. Nakao
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2022)
Rapid artificial intelligence solutions in a pandemic—The COVID-19-20 Lung CT Lesion Segmentation Challenge
Authors: Holger R. Roth, Ziyue Xu, Carlos Tor-Díez, Ramon Sanchez Jacob, Jonathan Zember, Jose Molto, Wenqi Li, Sheng Xu, Baris Turkbey, Evrim Turkbey, Dong Yang, Ahmed Harouni, Nicola Rieke, Shishuai Hu, Fabian Isensee, Claire Tang, Qinji Yu, Jan Sölter, Tong Zheng, Vitali Liauchuk, Ziqi Zhou, Jan Hendrik Moltz, Bruno Oliveira, Yong Xia, Klaus H. Maier-Hein, Qikai Li, Andreas Husch, Luyang Zhang, Vassili Kovalev, Li Kang, Alessa Hering, João L. Vilaça, Mona Flores, Daguang Xu, Bradford Wood, Marius George Linguraru
Journal: Medical Image Analysis (2022)
ABX464 (obefazimod) for moderate-to-severe, active ulcerative colitis: a phase 2b, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled induction trial and 48 week, open-label extension
Authors: Severine Vermeire, Bruce E Sands, Herbert Tilg, Zsolt Tulassay, Radoslaw Kempinski, Silvio Danese, Ivan Bunganič, Josianne Nitcheu, Julien Santo, Didier Scherrer, Sophie Biguenet, Hartmut J Ehrlich, Jean-Marc Steens, Paul Gineste, William J Sandborn
Journal: The Lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology (2022)
Apolipoprotein E ∈4 Associated With Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury in Boxing
Authors: Barry D. Jordan
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>Context.</h3> —Given the similarities between Alzheimer disease and dementia pugilistica, we evaluated the relationship between apolipoprotein E (<i>APOE</i>) genotype and chronic traumatic brain injury (CTBI) in boxers to determine whether there is a genetic susceptibility to the effects of head trauma. <h3>Objective.</h3> —To assess the relationship between CTBI and<i>APOE</i>genotype in boxers. <h3>Design and Setting.</h3> —Clinical characterization of 24 volunteer and 6 referred boxers in an outpatient setting. <h3>Participants.</h3> —Thirty professional boxers aged 23 to 76 years underwent neurologic and behavioral assessment in conjunction with<i>APOE</i>genotyping. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Apolipoprotein E genotype was examined in relationship to measures of CTBI. A10-point clinical rating scale (0-9), the Chronic Brain Injury (CBI) scale, was devised to assess the severity of traumatic encephalopathy associated with boxing. Boxers with abnormal CTBI scores were further classified on the basis of whether their impairments were possibly or probably related to boxing. Scores were analyzed in relation to boxing exposure (number of bouts) and<i>APOE</i>genotype. <h3>Results.</h3> —Among the 30 boxers, 11 were found to be normal (CBI score=0), 12 showed mild deficits (CBI score=1-2), 4 were moderately impaired (CBI score=3-4), and 3 showed signs of severe impairment (CBI score &gt;4). High-exposure boxers (ie, those with ≥12 professional bouts) had significantly higher CBI scores (mean [SD], 2.6 [1.9]) than low-exposure boxers (mean [SD], 0.3 [0.7]) (<i>P</i>&lt;.001), indicating that neurologic impairment as measured by the CBI scale seems related to boxing exposure. The<i>APOE</i>genotype frequencies of the study population were approximately the same as those found in the general population. Boxers with low exposure had mean CBI scores of 0.33, irrespective of<i>APOE</i>genotype. However, high-exposure boxers with an<i>APOE</i>∈4 allele had significantly greater CBI scores (mean [SD], 3.9 [2.3]) than high-exposure boxers without<i>APOE</i>∈4 (mean [SD], 1.8 [1.2]) (<i>P</i>=.04). All boxers with severe impairment possessed at least 1<i>APOE</i>∈4 allele. The tendency for greater CTBI among those with both high exposure and an ∈4 allele was statistically significant at the<i>P</i>&lt;.001 level. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —These preliminary findings suggest that possession of an<i>APOE</i>∈4 allele may be associated with increased severity of chronic neurologic deficits in high-exposure boxers.
Full Publication of Results Initially Presented in Abstracts
Authors: Roberta W. Scherer
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>Objectives.</h3> —To estimate the rate of full publication of the results of randomized clinical trials initially presented as abstracts at national ophthalmology meetings in 1988 and 1989; and to combine data from this study with data from similar studies to determine the rate at which abstracts are subsequently published in full and the association between selected study characteristics and full publication. <h3>Data Sources.</h3> —Ophthalmology abstracts were identified by review of 1988 and 1989 meeting abstracts for the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology and the American Academy of Ophthalmology. Similar studies were identified either from reports contained in our files or through a MEDLINE search, which combined the textword "abstract" with "or" statements to the Medical Subject Headings ABSTRACTING &amp; INDEXING, CLINICAL TRIALS, PEER REVIEW, PERIODICALS, MEDICAL SOCIETIES, PUBLISHING, MEDLINE, INFORMATION SERVICES, and REGISTRIES. <h3>Study Selection.</h3> —Ophthalmolgy abstracts were selected from the meeting proceedings if they reported results from a randomized controlled trial. For the summary study, similar studies were eligible for inclusion if they described followup and subsequent full publication for a cohort of abstracts describing the results of any type of research study. All studies had to have followed up abstracts for at least 24 months to be included. <h3>Data Extraction.</h3> —Authors of ophthalmology abstracts were contacted by letter to ascertain whether there was subsequent full publication. Other information, including characteristics of the study design possibly related to publication, was taken from the abstract. For the summary study, rates of full publication were taken directly from reported results, as were associations between study factors (ie, "significant' results and sample size) and full publication. <h3>Data Synthesis.</h3> —Sixty-six percent (61/93) of ophthalmology abstracts were published in full. Combined results from 11 studies showed that 51% (1198/2391) of all abstracts were subsequently published in full. Full publication was weakly associated with "significant" results and sample size above the median. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Approximately one half of all studies initially presented in abstract form are subsequently published as full-length reports. Most are published in full within 2 years of appearance as abstracts. Full publication may be associated with "significant" results and sample size. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1994;272:158-162)
Postvaccination COVID‐19‐related mortality in patients with cirrhosis: Who is the culprit?
Authors: Zhihui Duan
Journal: Hepatology (2022)

I read with great interest the study by John et al.[1] The authors concluded that though patients with cirrhosis can develop breakthrough COVID-19 after full or partial vaccination, the infections are associated with reduced mortality. I commend the authors for undertaking such a rigorous study and would like to share my suggestions on the potential confounders affecting the outcomes. First, this study's etiologies of liver cirrhosis were not shown in detail.[1] HCV infection is a major cause of liver cirrhosis[2]; hospital admissions of patients with HCV have significantly declined in Spain since 2015 following a wide prescription of oral direct-acting antivirals (DAAs). This reduction was primarily caused by a fall in liver decompensation events.[2] However, DAA therapy was significantly affected since the onset of COVID-19, and the pandemic outbreak was associated with a sharp decrease in DAA prescription dispensing, with levels of dispensing remaining below their prepandemic baseline in April 2021.[3] Doubtless, outcomes of HCV-related cirrhosis could have been severely affected in the COVID-19 era. I suggest that the etiologies of cirrhosis and DAA therapy for HCV-related cirrhosis should be described and analyzed at baseline. Second, this study's proton pump inhibitor (PPI) exposure was not shown at the baseline.[1] A Veterans Affairs cohort study showed that PPI exposure was associated with an increased risk of infections and decompensation in patients with cirrhosis, which may mediate liver-related mortality.[4] Thus, PPI exposure might be an important potential confounder. PPI use is common in liver cirrhosis, so its effect on liver-related outcomes in this study should be considered. Third, socioeconomic status in this study was unknown. Socioeconomic status was reported to affect COVID-19-related mortality in Santiago, Chile.[5] Furthermore, John et al.[1] mentioned that vaccination distribution varies by region, as seen in their table 1.[1] Thus, socioeconomic status should be considered regarding COVID-19 mortality in this study. Zhihui Duan: Conceptualization; methodology; formal analysis; writing–original draft; writing–review & editing. Nothing to report.
Safety-netting is a life saver for both patient and clinician
Authors: Harpreet Singh Arshi
Journal: BMJ (2022)

Edwards and colleagues' article on safety-netting in consultations is both useful and interesting. 1Safety-netting was never a part of my learning in either medical school or in GP training, despite looking at several different consultation models-although admittedly this was many years ago.I've adopted safety-netting over the years but it's good to see it described and affirmed as a legitimate clinical tool to be used in evaluating and following up patients, rather than aggressive investigation and treatment of
Is early-onset cancer an emerging global epidemic? Current evidence and future implications
Authors: Tomotaka Ugai, Naoko Sasamoto, Hwa-Young Lee, Mariko Ando, Mingyang Song, Rulla M. Tamimi, Ichiro Kawachi, Peter T. Campbell, Edward L. Giovannucci, Elisabete Weiderpass, Timothy R. Rebbeck, Shuji Ogino
Journal: Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology (2022)
Bringing natural killer cells to the clinic
Authors: Laura Chiossone, Eric Vivier
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2022)

Cancer is a leading cause of mortality worldwide, with around 10 million deaths every year. Despite huge advances due to immunotherapy, the majority of cancer patients present primary or secondary resistance to these treatments. In this Found in Translation, we focus on the approaches developed to harness the anti-tumor function of NK cells, suggesting promising strategies to complete the therapeutic arsenal of cancer immunotherapies.
Diminished cell proliferation promotes natural killer cell adaptive-like phenotype by limiting FcεRIγ expression
Authors: Avishai Shemesh, Yapeng Su, Daniel R. Calabrese, Daniel Chen, Janice Arakawa-Hoyt, Kole T. Roybal, James R. Heath, John R. Greenland, Lewis L. Lanier
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2022)

Human adaptive-like natural killer (NK) cells express low levels of FcεRIγ (FcRγ−/low) and are reported to accumulate during COVID-19 infection; however, the mechanism underlying and regulating FcRγ expression in NK cells has yet to be fully defined. We observed lower FcRγ protein expression in NK cell subsets from lung transplant patients during rapamycin treatment, suggesting a link with reduced mTOR activity. Further, FcRγ−/low NK cell subsets from healthy donors displayed reduced mTOR activity. We discovered that FcRγ upregulation is dependent on cell proliferation progression mediated by IL-2, IL-15, or IL-12, is sensitive to mTOR suppression, and is inhibited by TGFβ or IFNα. Accordingly, the accumulation of adaptive-like FcRγ−/low NK cells in COVID-19 patients corresponded to increased TGFβ and IFNα levels and disease severity. Our results show that an adaptive-like NK cell phenotype is induced by diminished cell proliferation and has an early prognostic value for increased TGFβ and IFNα levels in COVID-19 infection associated with disease severity.