tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Second interim and first molecular analysis of the EORTC randomized phase III intergroup CATNON trial on concurrent and adjuvant temozolomide in anaplastic glioma without 1p/19q codeletion.
Authors: Martin J. Van Den Bent, Sara Erridge, Michael A. Vogelbaum, Anna K. Nowak, Marc Sanson, Alba Ariela Brandes, Wolfgang Wick, Paul M. Clement, Jean-Francois Baurain, Warren P. Mason, Helen Wheeler, Michael Weller, Kenneth D. Aldape, Pieter Wesseling, Johan M. Kros, Mircea Tesileanu, Vassilis Golfinopoulos, Thierry Gorlia, Brigitta G. Baumert, Pim French
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2019)

2000 Background: The 1st interim analysis of the CATNON trial showed benefit from adjuvant (adj) temozolomide (TMZ) on overall survival (OS) but remained inconclusive about concurrent (conc) TMZ. A 2 nd interim analysis was planned after 356 events. Methods: The 2x2 factorial design phase III CATNON trial randomized 751 adult patients with newly diagnosed non-codeleted anaplastic glioma to either 59.4 Gy radiotherapy (RT) alone; the same RT with concTMZ; the same RT and 12 cycles of adjTMZ or the same RT with both concTMZ and adjTMZ ( doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)31442-3). MGMT promoter methylation ( MGMTmeth) status was re-assessed with the Infinium Methylation EPIC Beadchip using the MGMT_STP27 model. Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 ( IDH) mutation (mt) status was assessed with glioma targeted Agilent SureSelect baits sequence using an Illumina HiSeq2500 Rapid PE100. Results: With a median follow-up of 56 months and 356 events, the hazard ratio (HR) for OS adjusted for stratification factors after concTMZ was 0.968 (99.1% CI 0.73, 1.28). 5-year OS was 50.2% with and 52.7% without concTMZ (95% CI [44.4, 55.7] and [46.9, 58.1]). An IDHmt was found in 335 of 480 assessed cases (70%). Median OS was 19 mo (95% CI 16.3, 22.3) in IDHwt tumors and 116 mo (95% CI 82.0, 116.6) in IDHmt tumors. HR for OS after concTMZ in patients with known IDH status. Clinical trial information: NCT00626990. IDHmt was predictive of benefit from adjTMZ ( IDHmt HR: 0.41, 95% CI 0.27, 0.64; IDHwt: HR 1.05, 95% CI 0.73, 1.52; interaction test p = 0.001). In IDHmt patients that received adjTMZ, the HR for OS after concTMZ was 0.71 (95% CI 0.35, 1.42, p=0.32). MGMTmeth was found in 288 of 410 assessed cases (70%), interaction test for concTMZ (p = 0.092) and adjTMZ (p = 0.166) did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions: In the entire study cohort, concTMZ did not increase OS. However, in IDHmt tumors a trend towards benefit of concTMZ is present. AdjTMZ increased OS in IDHmt but not in IDHwt tumors. The ongoing molecular analyses and further follow-up will allow full assessment of efficacy in the molecular subgroups.[Table: see text]
Attitude to Nursing Among Intelligent Schoolgirls
Authors: J. G. Lawrence, P. P. Daws
Journal: BMJ (1964)

BRIC JOS 1463 weight rapidly, which, curiously enough, has provoked some nurses and doctors to argue that this might in some way be detrimental, but the evident success of the method usually overcomes the objections.Certainly if one told a farmer that his young livestock were growing and gaining weight too fast he would laugh in one's face !But then, Sir, he has the advantage of having his feet placed firmly on the good earth.-Iam, etc., Stock, Essex.IAN G. WICKES.SIR,-I was astonished to see no reference at all to the development of the teeth in Dr. D. MacCarthy's article (21 November, p. 1309).Surely one of the main advantages of breast-feeding is that the teeth in later life will be harder and more durable than they would be with artificial feeding.Recently I went to see a girl who happened to be out.The mother said she had an appointment with her dentist; she complained that she was always there, whereas her two sons never needed any dental treatment.I said that was an easy one: the girl had been artificially fed and the boys had been breastfed.This proved to be the case.It would be interesting to have a dental surgeon's opinion.-Iam, etc.,
Highlights
Authors: Howard Bauchner
Journal: JAMA (2019)

High-fl ow nasal oxygen with noninvasive ventilation can improve gas exchange and decrease the work of breathing.For the HIGH-WEAN Study Group and REVA Research Network, Thille and colleagues randomized 648 mechanically ventilated patients and found that the use of high-fl ow nasal oxygen with noninvasive ventilation immediately after extubation signifi cantly decreased the risk of reintubation as compared with high-fl ow nasal oxygen alone.In an Editorial, Telias and Ferguson discuss how the fi ndings of this trial can be applied in clinical practice.
Problem-oriented approach to practice. I. Economic impact
Authors: H. M. Tufo
Journal: JAMA (1977)

The problem-oriented system provides a unique management tool for medical practice. It follows basic management principles for any complex human endeavor (ie, define goals, set standards, audit performance to those standards, and assess results). The basic tool is the problem-oriented record, which demands that statements of medical action be explicit to permit audit. This concept can be extended to provide and assess care for an entire practice. Five years of cumulative data were assessed. The following changes were noted: (1) The ratio of patients to physicians doubled. (2) The total hospitalization rate fell by more than 20% and general medical portion by 60%. (3) Ambulatory use and cost decreased by approximately 20%. (4) Expenditures for services fell by 22%, while national expenditures for physician services increased by 28%.
Cancer Incidence After Retinoblastoma
Authors: F. Lennie Wong
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>Context.</h3> —There is a substantial risk of a second cancer for persons with hereditary retinoblastoma, which is enhanced by radiotherapy. <h3>Objective.</h3> —To examine long-term risk of new primary cancers in survivors of childhood retinoblastoma and quantify the role of radiotherapy in sarcoma development. <h3>Design.</h3> —Cohort incidence study of patients with retinoblastoma followed for a median of 20 years, and nested case-control study of a radiation dose-response relationship for bone and soft tissue sarcomas. <h3>Setting/Participants.</h3> —A total of 1604 patients with retinoblastoma who survived at least 1 year after diagnosis, identified from hospital records in Massachusetts and New York during 1914 to 1984. <h3>Results.</h3> —Incidence of subsequent cancers was statistically significantly elevated only in the 961 patients with hereditary retinoblastoma, in whom 190 cancers were diagnosed, vs 6.3 expected in the general population (relative risk [RR], 30 [95% confidence interval, 26-47]). Cumulative incidence (±SE) of a second cancer at 50 years after diagnosis was 51.0% (±6.2%) for hereditary retinoblastoma, and 5.0% (±3.0%) for nonhereditary retinoblastoma. All 114 sarcomas of diverse histologic types occurred in patients with hereditary retinoblastoma. For soft tissue sarcomas, the RRs showed a stepwise increase at all dose categories, and were statistically significant at 10 to 29.9 Gy and 30 to 59.9 Gy. A radiation risk for all sarcomas combined was evident at doses above 5 Gy, rising to 10.7-fold at doses of 60 Gy or greater (<i>P</i>&lt;.05). <h3>Conclusions.—</h3> Genetic predisposition has a substantial impact on risk of subsequent cancers in retinoblastoma patients, which is further increased by radiation treatment. A radiation dose-response relationship is demonstrated for all sarcomas and, for the first time in humans, for soft tissue sarcomas. Retinoblastoma patients should be examined for new cancers and followed into later life to determine whether their extraordinary cancer risk extends to common cancers of adulthood.
Promotion of women in academic medicine. Shatter the ceilings, polish the floors
Authors: C. D. DeAngelis
Journal: JAMA (1995)

In this issue ofTHE JOURNAL, Tesch and colleagues<sup>1</sup>investigate possible reasons for the findings of other studies, cited in their publication, that it takes longer for women than men to achieve higher academic ranks in schools of medicine. The approach of surveying faculty members 11 years after first faculty appointment differs from that of other investigators and reveals new insights; even after controlling for many factors considered to be measures of academic preparedness in success, women remained less likely to have been promoted. See also p 1022. The finding that the attrition rate from medical school faculties was similar for men and women is surprising. It would have been interesting to know the percentage, if any, of women who took leaves of absence or worked part-time during any of the 11 years before the survey was conducted. The findings by Tesch et al regarding marriage, divorce, and number
Iron and hepatic uroporphyrin synthesis. Relation in porphyria cutanea tarda
Authors: B. F. Felsher
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Of 58 patients with porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT), hypersideremia occurred in 17. Stainable iron was present in the liver specimens of 16 in 20. Iron concentration was slightly increased in five biopsy specimens and markedly in one. Packed red blood cell phlebotomies resulted in remissions in all of six patients. Repletion of iron stores by administering iron to two patients in phlebotomy-induced remissions resulted in biochemical relapses six and nine months later; whereas remissions were sustained for at least one year in 24 other patients.
PRACTICAL NOTES.
Journal: JAMA (1891)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
YELLOW FEVER.
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prevention important in Soviet antialcohol efforts, but medical treatment also emphasized
Authors: T. F. Kirn
Journal: JAMA (1987)

ACCORDING TO OFFICIALS from the Soviet Union's All-Union Voluntary Temperance Promotion Society, their country's antialcohol campaign is a crusade to treat alcoholism by preventing it from occurring in the first place. One official made an analogy to preventing people from diving into a dangerous swimming hole. Either you can take your chances, he says, trying to find those who get into trouble and hopefully fishing them out in time, or you can block the access, preventing anyone from getting into danger. But that does not mean the Soviets are selling treatment short, officials insist. Soviet researchers and<i>vrachi</i>(physicians) have been making a concerted effort to explore new alcoholism treatment methods for the past four years, says A. M. Mockburev, MD, deputy minister of health. Many Soviet alcoholism specialists say they are watching alcoholism therapy in the United States closely, and they appear to be adopting some similar approaches. In
Reference Committees of the House
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Semicircular lipoatrophy
Authors: C. KARKAVITSAS, J. A. MILLER, J. D. KIRBY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1981)

Three cases of semicircular lipoatrophy are described. Semicircular lipoatrophy (lipoatrophia semicircularis) is a relatively new entity, three cases having been recently described by Gschwandtner & Miinzberger (1974). Clinically the patients present with horizontal depressions symmetrically distributed on both upper thighs, characteristically on the antero‐lateral aspects. We are presenting three cases (the first in the English literature). Cases 1 and 2 are sisters and this is of particular interest because a familial tendency has not previously been reported.
A multicenter, phase II trial of preoperative gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel for resectable pancreas cancer: The AGITG GAP study.
Authors: Andrew Barbour, Nicholas O'Rourke, Manju D. Chandrasegaram, Yu Jo Chua, James Kench, Jaswinder S. Samra, Nick Pavlakis, Koroush S Haghighi, Sonia Yip, Jonathan Fawcett, Mark Donoghoe, Kate Walker, Matthew E. Burge, Sivakumar Gananadha, Marion Harris, Morteza Aghmesheh, Warren Lance Joubert, Val Gebski, John Simes, David Goldstein
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

4115 Background: Recent pancreatic cancer (PC) series show 41% (95%CI 40-43%) of patients (pts) achieve an R0 resection (margin clearance ≥ 1mm). In neoadjuvant chemotherapy trials for resectable PC, only 54-89% undergo pancreatic resection with R0 rates of 74-80%. Nab-paclitaxel(nab-pacli) and gemcitabine(GEM) chemotherapy(CX) is an active regimen in metastatic disease. We aimed to determine feasibility and R0 resection rate of 85% with peri-operative nab-pacli and GEM for resectable PC. Methods: Pts with operable PC received 2 cycles of neo-adjuvant nab-pacli 125mg/m2 followed by GEM 1000mg/m2CX on days(D) 1, 8 and 15(28D cycle) followed by resection and then post-operative CX(4 cycles). Results: Forty-one pts were enrolled (2012-14). Median age = 65 (range 43-79), 41% male. Thirty-six (88%) pts underwent surgery, while five (12%) did not (2 disease progression, 2 refused surgery, 1 cholangitis). Only 4/36 (10%) had grade ¾ septic events, no grade ¾ pancreatic leak, and no treatment related deaths. Thirty pts had pancreatic resection (73%; 29 had evaluable cancer and 15/29 (52%) had grade 0-2 tumour regression; one did not have cancer on central pathology review). Six (15%) pts had unresectable disease at surgery. Pre-operative nab-pacli and GEM produced an R0 rate of 52% (15/29; 95%CI 34-69%) with a minimum 1mm margin and an R0 rate of 86% (25/29; 95%CI 68-96%) with a 0mm margin. 39/41 (95%) completed planned induction CX (although dose modifications/omission were required - mostly omission of D15). Post-operatively, eighteen pts (18/30, 60%) commenced CX, with 14/18 (78%) completing all 4 cycles of planned CX; whilst four pts commenced chemoradiation, but 2 withdrew due to disease progression. Conclusions: Pre-operative nab-pacli and GEM was delivered safely and achieved an R0 resection rate clinically significantly higher than the mean of surgical series using similar pathology criteria. Our pre-operative regimen was delivered to 95% of patients, but in contrast post-operative CX was less achievable with only 60% commencing treatment. Neoadjuvant nab-pacli and GEM is an encouraging strategy to improve outcomes in resectable PC and merits testing in a randomised setting. Clinical trial information: ACTRN12611000848909.
How will graduate medical education reform affect specialties and geographic areas?
Authors: D. A. Kindig
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>Objectives.</h3> —To project specialty and geographic impacts of workforce reform proposals on the practice output of graduate medical education (GME). <h3>Design.</h3> —A demographic life-table model to predict GME output was developed using 1987 cohort data from the Association of American Medical Colleges Annual GME Census. The 1992 GME cohort was used as a baseline to compare the simulated impact of alternate specialty and regional policies. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Allopathic and osteopathic GME programs in the United States. <h3>Main Outcome Measure.</h3> —Projected number of physicians (MDs and DOs) entering nine categories of practice specialty at the conclusion of GME. <h3>Results.</h3> —If GME input is reduced to 110% of US medical graduates with 55% entering practice as generalists (including obstetrics and gynecology), then the total number of first-year positions will decline from 24433 to 18783, and the total number of residents in GME would decline from 103 858 to 80699 at equilibrium. Even with a 110% restriction on GME input, the overall physician-to-population ratio will continue to grow, albeit at a much slower rate. The number of generalists leaving GME annually would increase by 742 (9%) and the number of specialists would decline by 6517 (44%). At the regional level, allocating GME positions by prorating to the current distribution results in less change than would prorating positions to regional populations. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —Achieving national goals of reduced aggregate physician production, reduced specialist supply, and generalist increases will require significant alterations in the GME pool. Adequate time and funding for resident substitution will be required for hospitals to develop alternate models of providing service to allow national workforce goals to be met. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1994;272:37-42)
Immunotherapy Beats Chemo for Bladder Cancer
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2017)

Abstract Patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma live 3 months longer, on average, when given pembrolizumab as a second-line treatment instead of chemotherapy. The finding is based on data from the first phase III trial to test an immunotherapeutic in these patients, which could lead to another label indication for the PD-1 inhibitor.
Treatment strategies for coronary in-stent restenosis: systematic review and hierarchical Bayesian network meta-analysis of 24 randomised trials and 4880 patients
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Treatment strategies for coronary in-stent restenosis: systematic review and hierarchical Bayesian network meta-analysis of 24 randomised trials and 4880 patientsIn this Research paper by Daniele Giacoppo and colleagues (
Endotracheal Anaesthesia
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Annals of Internal Medicine, Philadelphia
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal