tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Monoclonal Antibody to Treat Lymphoma
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1997)

THE FIRST monoclonal antibody for the treatment of a malignant disease is likely to be available to physicians within the next few months. An advisory committee of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has unanimously recommended that the commissioner license the agent—known as Rituximab—for the treatment of low-grade, non-Hodgkins lymphoma. The drug was developed by IDEC Pharmaceuticals, San Diego, Calif, and will be copromoted with Genentech Inc of South San Francisco, Calif, under the name Rituxan. There are about 240 000 patients in the United States with non-Hodgkins lymphomas; about half of these are patients with low-grade or follicular B-cell lymphoma. <h3>Monoclonals vs Malignancy</h3> Georges Kohler and Cesar Milstein of the Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, England, won the 1975 Nobel Prize for creating cloned cellular factories capable of producing virtually unlimited quantities of identical antibodies. They developed a technique of fusing antibody-producing B cells from a mouse to immortalized
AN Introduction to the Chemical Analysis for Students of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dentistry.
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A Text-Book of the Theory and Practice of Medicine by American Teachers.
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Therapeutics of Internal Diseases
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Awards, Appointments, Announcements
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1998)

pies, Crystal noted, is the ability to deliver high concentrations of a therapeutic gene (or gene product) to a local area for an extended period of time.That advantage, he added, is critical to minimizing drug toxicity without interfering with the normal physiologic functions of angiogenesis such as wound healing."It's not that systemic strategies won't workthey will and there are many under evaluation," he said."But gene therapy would act like a local sustained-release capsule," which in theory is preferable because it would keep primary tumors quiescent with a single treatment.Today, there are some 26 pharmaceutical companies making angiogenesis inhibitors, according to Judah Folkman, M.D., of Harvard Medical School and Children's Hospital in Boston (see News, June 19, 1996).In comparison, there are no gene therapy strategies for tumor antiangiogenesis even on the drawing board, Crystal acknowledged, but there is considerable interest.And in at least two protocols, recently approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the National Institutes of Health, gene therapy is being used for an opposite effectto spur angiogenesis or blood vessel growth in heart disease.(One study is being carried out by Crystal's group.)In cancer, in contrast, Kong and Crystal write in their 19-page review, gene therapy may be used initially to block solid tumor angiogenesis in two ways: either through suppressing the proangiogenic signal that tumors emit to spark production of new blood vessels, or through augmenting the inhibition of angiogenesis by tipping the balance away from angiogenic inducers toward inhibitors.Of these two approaches, Crystal said, early attempts will more likely take
Costs and Benefits of Medical Student Training to a Health Maintenance Organization
Authors: Howard L. Kirz
Journal: JAMA (1986)

As health maintenance organizations (HMOs) and managed health care systems expand, they represent an increasing potential as sites for medical student teaching. Considerable difference of opinion exists about the impact of medical training on these prepaid delivery systems. This study presents a methodology for estimating the subjective and objective costs and benefits of medical student training to an independent staff model HMO with a long-standing training program. Data are derived from a provider survey, a consumer survey, and patient visit logs. Principal subjective benefits include increased perceived quality of care, improved patient satisfaction, and enhanced provider education and joy of practice. Objective impacts include a decrease in productivity of 1.1 patient visits per half day and direct physician teaching labor of 46.8 minutes per half day. Applying this methodology to the specific program of ten courses gives rise to a figure of $180 000 ($16 900 per full-time equivalent student per year) for the "opportunity cost" of medical student training to the HMO. Rules of thumb are developed for application of this method prospectively to new programs in similar relationships between staff model HMOs and academic medical centers. (<i>JAMA</i>1986;256:734-739)
Legionnaires' disease holds diagnostic pitfalls
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1978)

When Legionnaires' disease burst on the clinical scene in mid-1976, the question was: What kind of infection is this? Today, the question is more likely to be: Is this particular pneumonia Legionnnaires' disease? Help in answering that question is coming from several sources. At the American Society for Microbiology's recent conference on diagnostic immunology in Atlanta, for example, Gary L. Lattimer, MD, and Luther V. Rhodes III, MD, of Allentown, Pa, and R. A. Ormsbee, PhD, and M. G. Peacock, PhD, of the Rocky Mountain Laboratory (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases) underlined the problem by emphasizing that Legionnaires' disease and psittacosis can be confused. "This consideration is significant," Dr Lattimer emphasized, "because of the mortality associated with inappropriate therapy for either of these two disease entities." At the same time, the Pennsylvania and (Hamilton) Montana investigators suggested a diagnostic aid: IgM rather than IgG. Their conclusion is based
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Associated With Cadaveric Dura Mater Grafts--Japan, January 1979-May 1996
Journal: JAMA (1998)

In 1997, a nongovernmental surveillance group for Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) in Japan reported to the Ministry of Health and Welfare its analysis of a 1996 mail questionnaire survey of neurologic, psychiatric, and neuropathologic institutions throughout Japan. This analysis identified 829 patients with CJD diagnosed by physicians during January 1979-May 1996, including a large number (43 patients) who had received a cadaveric dura mater graft during a neurosurgical (42) or orthopedic (one) procedure during 1979-1991. This report presents a summary of features of these 43 cases, which indicated that at least 41 of these patients had received dura mater grafts from the same processor, and describes CJD in the most recent recipient of a dura mater graft. The findings indicate that an international outbreak of CJD associated with a single brand of dura mater grafts is larger than previously recognized and that recipients of contaminated grafts may remain at risk for CJD at least 16 years following receipt of grafts.
Fellowships, Grants, Awards
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1994)

Journal Article Fellowships, Grants, Awards Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 86, Issue 11, 1 June 1994, Pages 878–879, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/86.11.878 Published: 01 June 1994
Comments: Uncovering the Preclinical and Precancerous State
Authors: Philip Rubin
Journal: JAMA (1966)

The upsurge in lung cancer incidence and lethality dictates increasing concern in its cause. Until careful research or serendipity allows investigators to identify the etiological factor or factors, the clinician is primarily charged with the task of early detection in order to cure lung cancer. The value of chest survey techniques has proved disappointing in the early diagnosis of lung cancer for numerous reasons. Surveys should be directed to men over 45 years of age and repeated at sixmonth intervals rather than given during the indiscriminate examination of young people and females who have little risk of developing lung cancer. Retrospective analysis of chest surveys shows that the lack of follow through by patient and physician alike negates any advantages of early discovery of unexplained chest lesions. The chief limitation of chest filming is that the frequently occurring main stem bronchial cancer is difficult to recognize in its early stages;
Toxic shock syndrome toxin-secreting Staphylococcus aureus in Kawasaki syndrome
Authors: Nigel Curtis, Barbara Chan, Michael Levin, Atsushi Nishiyori, Minako Sakaguchi, Hirohisa Kato, Hideo Igarashi, Keishi Miwa, Mario Abinun, AndrewJ Cant
Journal: The Lancet (1994)
The vulnerable period for low and high energy T-wave shocks: Role of dispersion of repolarisation and effect of d-sotalol
Authors: P. F. Kirchhof, C.L. Fabritz, M. Zabel, M. R. Franz
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1996)

Introduction: The induction of ventricular fibrillation (VF) by T-wave shocks has been related to dispersion of repolarisation, but only indirect evidence of this hypothesis exists.The effects of drugs prolonging reqolarisation like d-sotalol on the vulnerability to T-wave shocks remain unknown.Methods: In 9 isolated rabbit hearts, 7 monophasic action potentials (MAPS) and an ECG were recorded simultaneously.Vulnerable periods were determined using two different shock strengths, one close to the fibrillation threshold and the other close to the upper limit of vulnerability, at baseline and after action potential prolongation by d-sotalol.Results: The vulnerable period had a duration of 30 f 14 ms for the lower and 34 f 12 ms for the higher shock strength (P -NS).Coupling intervals of the vulnerable periods were 13 & 10 ms shorter for higher shock strengths as compared to lower shock strengths (P < 0.005).The vulnerable period for low shock strengths coincided with dispersion of MAPS at 90% repolarisation (r -0.87-0.92,P < O.OOS), and the vulnerable period for high shock strengths coincided with dispersion at 70% repolarisation (r -0.82-0.93,P < 0.005).ECG parameters predicted the vulnerable periods less precisely than MAP reqolarisation (r < 0.72).d-Sotalol prolonged MAP durations by an average of 33 ms at 70% and 39 ms at 90% repolarisation but did not alter the described relations, nor did it reduce dispersion of repolarisation or duration of the vulnerable periods.Conclusions: Dispersion of qolarisation determines vulnerable periods and might be part of the arrhytlunogenic substrate promoting induction of VF by T-wave shocks.The coupling intervals of the vulnerable periods depend on the applied shock strength as well as repolarisation, with shock strengths close to the fibrillation threshold inducing VF during dispersion at 90% repolarisation and shock strengths close to the upper limit of vulnerability inducing VF during dispersion at 70% repolarisation.d-Sotalol reduces neither vulnerability to T-wave shocks nor dispersion of repolarisation in this isolated beart model.
Reduction of in a Young Driver Crashes Controlled Pilot Study
Authors: Stanley H. Schuman
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Previous research indicates a high accident rate for young male drivers aged 18 to 20 years. In a pilot study, high-school seniors in a countermeasure program achieved a 50% reduction in their accident rate compared to a control group during a two-year follow-up period. A similar reduction occurred in the accident rate per 100 drivers weighted by severity of crashes among the countermeasure drivers. The results are not statistically significant, but show promise for current trials in large populations. The countermeasure program had two components, small group discussions weekly for seven weeks, and personalized driving letters sent to pilot program seniors at six-month intervals following the discussion workshop.
The Road Not Taken
Authors: Albert M. Potts
Journal: JAMA (1972)

In this poem (<i>from Mountain Interval</i>, Henry Holt &amp; Co., 1916), Robert Frost is saying what anyone will say who believes in the validity of history: there are events in the lives of men that "make all the difference" and on occasion they influence not only individual lives but also our cultural future. A curious instance of this is the parallel but divergent course of two physicians. They were essentially contemporaries; each had exceptional mental ability; each was deeply involved in medicine and deeply involved in the game of chess. One of them won a Nobel prize in medical science, the other became not only a world chess master but the preeminent chess player of his day and a formulator of chess knowledge. Obviously I do not know precisely all the various elements that directed Ramon y Cajal away from chess toward the Nobel prize or those, in turn, which
Modern Methods in the Surgery of Paralyses. With Special Reference to Muscle-Grafting, Tendon-Transplantation and Arthrodesis.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

In accordance with the prefatory request, we take the liberty of calling attention to a few errors of omission and commission.A curious typographical mistake which has gone through all three editions ascribes the investigation of hypertrophic cirrhosis to "the French clinicians, headed by Charcot and Henoch!" (page 460).Angina Ludovici is classed under Diseases of the Salivary Glands, and the statement is made that it is "an inflammation of the floor of the mouth, beginning in the submaxillary gland" (page 314).It is somewhat surprising to find no mention either of multiple serositis or of adiposis dolorosa, in view of the considerable attention those affections have recently received.The value of the book to physicians is much increased by the many references to the literature, while the clear descriptions and systematic arrangement make it admirably fitted for the use of advanced students.' L. A. C.
Gustav Mahler: Memories and Letters
Authors: Alma Mahler
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Editorials1 November 1997Gustav Mahler: Memories and LettersAlma MahlerAlma MahlerSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-127-9-199711010-00013 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail He had difficulty in breathing and was given oxygen. Then uraemia-and the end. Chvostek was summoned. Mahler lay with dazed eyes: one finger was conducting on the quilt. There was a smile on his lips and twice he said: “Mozart!” His eyes were very big. I begged Chvostek to give him a large dose of morphia so that he might feel nothing more. He replied in a loud voice. I seized his hands: “Talk softly, he might hear you.”-“He hears nothing now.”How terrible the callousness of doctors is in such moments. And how did he know that he could ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1997Volume 127, Issue 9Page: 841KeywordsBreathingMemoryMorphineOxygen ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 November 1997 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Atypical Presentations of Patients With Calcific Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Alan D. Forker
Journal: JAMA (1970)

The diagnostic problems of atypical presentation in two patients with severe aortic stenosis, one without evidence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) on electrocardiogram or x-ray film of the chest and one with significant systemic hypertension, led to a search for similar patients. Of 59 adult patients with severe aortic stenosis confirmed by cardiac catheterization, nine had a normal ECG (with Sokolow-Lyon voltage criteria for LVH) and five had sustained diastolic hypertension. Other voltage criteria were applied to the nine patients with normal ECGs; two showed no LVH by any criteria. Five of the 59 patients had sustained diastolic systemic hypertension (diastolic cuff pressures greater than 100 mm Hg) and presented as clinical diagnostic problems. Cardiac catheterization confirmed severity of aortic stenosis in all. Although unusual, severe aortic stenosis may be associated with a normal ECG and systemic hypertension.
Endoscopy International Open – recently published
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

See also: The accuracy of polyp assessment during colonoscopy in FIT-screening is not acceptable on a routine basisEndosc Int Open 2014; 02(03): E127-E132DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1377173 See also: Prospective, randomized, comparative study of delineation capability of radial scanning and curved linear array endoscopic ultrasound for the pancreaticobiliary regionEndosc Int Open 2014; 02(03): E160-E170DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1377384 See also: Supratherapeutic anticoagulation at presentation is associated with reduced mortality in nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal hemorrhageEndosc Int Open 2014; 02(03): E148-E152DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1377287
Highlights from Recent Cancer Literature
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

MLL and Prostate CancerMalik and colleagues explored androgen receptor (AR) cofactors as therapeutic targets in prostate cancer.The SET1-like histone 3 lysine 4 (H3K4) methyltransferase (HMT) complex, composed of the trithorax homolog protein MLL, menin (MEN1), and others, was physically associated with AR in prostate cancer cells via direct interaction with menin.Upon androgen stimulation, this specific MLL HMT complex was corecruited to and required for direct AR target gene expression and prostate cancer growth.High levels of menin transcript and protein in prostate cancer were associated with poor survival.Small-molecule inhibitors that prevented menin-MLL interaction repressed AR-directed gene expression and showed in vitro and in vivo activity on AR-dependent and castration-resistant models.These findings suggest that therapies being developed for the treatment of MLL-driven leukemias may also be co-opted for castration-resistant prostate cancer.(Image from He et al.,
Editorial: Epileptics and contact sports
Authors: R. W. Corbitt
Journal: JAMA (1974)

It is logical that anyone with seizures should not subject himself to repetitive head trauma. Unfortunately, when considering the issue of contact sports for epileptics, there is little more to go on than this apparent logic. Most physicians, in addition to regular anticonvulsive therapy, empirically recommend rest, good food, and physical and mental activity; also, they urge parents and associates to treat the patient as normally as possible. On the basis of such recommendations, the Committee on the Medical Aspects of Sports took the position in 1968 that, after a thorough medical evaluation and after medical control of the seizure disorder had been established, young people with convulsive disorders could participate in sports. The Committee, at that time, had taken the position that contact sports such as boxing, tackle football, ice hockey, diving, soccer, rugby, lacrosse, and other sports involving chronic recurring head trauma should be avoided. This advice was
Optimizing Growth Potential of Children
Authors: Daniel S. Seidman
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —We read with interest the study by Yip et al<sup>1</sup>analyzing the growth status of Asian immigrants in the United States. They noted that the growth pattern of the Asian children was similar to that of other ethnic groups in the United States, which strongly suggests that children of different ethnic origin may have similar growth potential.<sup>1</sup>We have recently examined the standing height of about half a million 17- to 18-year-old military recruits from different ethnic groups in Israel.<sup>2</sup>Over the 22 years of the study, the significant difference in adult height between ethnic groups greatly diminished. Thus, our results support those of Yip et al in implying that differences in height attainment found for children of different ethnic origins<sup>3</sup>may reflect socioeconomic and demographic inequalities among ethnic groups<sup>4</sup>rather than the effect of genetic variance. Furthermore, in a study of
Possible West Nile Virus Transmission to an Infant Through Breast-Feeding--Michigan, 2002
Journal: JAMA (2002)

CDC and the Michigan Department of Community Health (MDCH) continue to investigate West Nile Virus (WNV) infection in a woman, who received a blood product later found with evidence of WNV, and in her child, who was exposed to breast milk later found to be WNV positive by TaqMan. This report updates the findings of this investigation.