tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
<i>Erratum:</i> Vol. 71, No. 22: Use of JYNNEOS (Smallpox and Monkeypox Vaccine, Live, Nonreplicating) for Preexposure Vaccination of Persons at Risk for Occupational Exposure to Orthopoxviruses: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices — United States, 2022
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2022)

In the report, "Use of JYNNEOS (Smallpox and Monkeypox Vaccine, Live, Nonreplicating) for Preexposure Vaccination of Persons at Risk for Occupational Exposure to Orthopoxviruses: Recommendations of the
Promoting physical activity in patient populations through curriculum change in undergraduate Lithuanian medical schools and schools of health: the VANGUARD project
Authors: Ann Bernadette Gates, Ramune Zilinskiene, Natalja Fatkulina, Brigita Mieziene, Rytis Jankauskas, Inga Gerulskiene, George S Metsios
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2022)

<h3>BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:</h3> Middle meningeal artery embolization after surgical evacuation of a chronic subdural hematomas is associated with fewer treatment failures than surgical evacuation. We compared emergency department visits within 30 days for patients with chronic subdural hematomas with and without adjunctive middle meningeal artery embolization. <h3>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</h3> All cases of chronic subdural hematoma treated from January 1, 2018, through December 31, 2020, were retrospectively reviewed. Treatment was classified as surgery only or surgery combined with middle meningeal artery embolization. The primary outcome was 30-day emergency department presentation and readmission. <h3>RESULTS:</h3> Of 137 patients who met the study criteria, 28 (20%) underwent surgery combined with middle meningeal artery embolization. Of these 28 patients, 15 (54%) underwent planned middle meningeal artery embolization and 13 (46%) underwent embolization after surgical failure. The mean chronic subdural hematoma size at presentation in the group with surgery only (<i>n</i> = 109, 20.5 [SD, 6.9] mm) was comparable with that in the combined group (<i>n</i> = 28, 18.7 [SD, 4.5] mm; <i>P</i> = .16). A significantly higher percentage of the surgery-only group presented to the emergency department within 30 days compared with the combined group (32 of 109 [29%] versus 2 of 28 [7%] patients; <i>P</i> = .02). No significant difference was found with respect to readmission (16 [15%] versus 1 [4%] patient; <i>P</i> = .11). Nine patients (8%) in the surgery-only group were readmitted for significant reaccumulation or residual subdural hematoma compared with only 1 patient (4%) in the combined group (<i>P</i> = .40). <h3>CONCLUSIONS:</h3> Surgical evacuation combined with middle meningeal artery embolization in patients with chronic subdural hematoma is associated with fewer 30-day emergency department visits compared with surgery alone.
Immunogenicity and safety of the meningococcal B recombinant (4CMenB) vaccine in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation recipients
Authors: Christine Robin, Rabah Redjoul, Aude Terrade, Ala-Eddine Deghmane, Ludovic Cabanne, Catherine Cordonnier, Muhamed-Kheir Taha
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2022)
First-in-human phase I study of CLL-1 CAR-T cells in adults with relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Xin Jin, Meng Zhang, Rui Sun, Hairong Lyu, Xia Xiao, Xiaomei Zhang, Fan Li, Danni Xie, Xia Xiong, Jiaxi Wang, Wenyi Lu, Hongkai Zhang, Mingfeng Zhao
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2022)

Abstract Relapsed or refractory (R/R) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has a poor prognosis. In this study, we evaluated chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy targeting CLL-1 in adults with R/R AML patients. Patients received conditioning chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide (500 mg/m 2 ) and fludarabine (30 mg/m 2 ) for 3 days and an infusion of a dose of 1–2 × 10 6 CAR-T cells/kg. The incidence of dose-limiting toxicity was the primary endpoint. Ten patients were treated, and all developed cytokine release syndrome (CRS); 4 cases were low-grade, while the remaining 6 were considered high-grade CRS. No patient developed CAR-T cell-related encephalopathy syndrome (CRES). Severe pancytopenia occurred in all patients. Two patients died of severe infection due to chronic agranulocytosis. The complete response (CR)/CR with incomplete hematologic recovery (CRi) rate was 70% ( n = 7/10). The median follow-up time was 173 days (15–488), and 6 patients were alive at the end of the last follow-up. CAR-T cells showed peak expansion within 2 weeks. Notably, CLL-1 is also highly expressed in normal granulocytes, so bridging hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) may be a viable strategy to rescue long-term agranulocytosis due to off-target toxicity. In conclusion, this study is the first to demonstrate the positive efficacy and tolerable safety of CLL-1 CAR-T cell therapy in adult R/R AML.
Impaired AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction–Associated Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Dan Tong, Gabriele G. Schiattarella, Nan Jiang, Daniel Daou, Yuxuan Luo, Mark S. Link, Sergio Lavandero, Thomas G. Gillette, Joseph A. Hill
Journal: Circulation (2022)

clinical studies, as well.
Estimated Impact of the US COVID-19 Vaccination Campaign—Getting to 94% of Deaths Prevented
Authors: Malia Jones, Karim Khader, Westyn Branch-Elliman
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

Molly K. Steele, PhD, MSc, MPH; Alexia Couture, MPH; Carrie Reed, PhD; Danielle Iuliano, PhD; Michael Whitaker, MPH; Hannah Fast, MPH; Aron J. Hall, DVM; Adam MacNeil, PhD; Betsy Cadwell, MSPH; Kristin J. Marks, PhD; Benjamin J. Silk, PhD
Public use and public funding of science
Authors: Yian Yin, Yuxiao Dong, Kuansan Wang, Dashun Wang, Benjamin F. Jones
Journal: Nature Human Behaviour (2022)

Knowledge of how science is consumed in public domains is essential for understanding the role of science in human society. Here we examine public use and public funding of science by linking tens of millions of scientific publications from all scientific fields to their upstream funding support and downstream public uses across three public domains—government documents, news media and marketplace invention. We find that different public domains draw from various scientific fields in specialized ways, showing diverse patterns of use. Yet, amidst these differences, we find two important forms of alignment. First, we find universal alignment between what the public consumes and what is highly impactful within science. Second, a field's public funding is strikingly aligned with the field's collective public use. Overall, public uses of science present a rich landscape of specialized consumption, yet, collectively, science and society interface with remarkable alignment between scientific use, public use and funding. Studying production, funding and consumption of science, the authors find a strong alignment between what the public consumes and what is impactful, as well as an alignment between funding and collective public use.
Past, Present, and Future Shared Decision-making Behavior Among Patients With Eczema and Caregivers
Authors: Isabelle J. Thibau, Allison R. Loiselle, Emile Latour, Erin Foster, Wendy Smith Begolka
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2022)

<h3>Importance</h3> Engaging in shared decision-making (SDM) can help patients understand and choose treatments according to their values and has been shown to improve patient satisfaction and adherence with treatment. It is well suited for conditions like eczema for which several medically appropriate treatment options exist. However, little is known about the use and experience of SDM in eczema. <h3>Objective</h3> To understand experiences, preferences, and expectations for SDM in eczema care settings from the patient and caregiver perspective. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> The National Eczema Association conducted an online survey in January 2021 among self-selected patients and caregivers. Inclusion criteria (US resident, patient with eczema or caregiver of a patient with eczema aged ≤17 years, respondent age ≥18 years) were met by 1313 of 1387 respondents (94.7%). Data analysis was performed from May 2021 to November 2021. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Outcomes were past SDM (using a 9-item SDM questionnaire [SDMQ9]; score ranges transformed to 0-100), present SDM (Control Preferences Scale), and future SDM (self-reported confidence and motivation to engage in SDM) behavior. <h3>Results</h3> Among the 1313 respondents included in the study, most were female (1046 of 1313 [79.7%]) adult (1086 of 1313 [82.7%]) patients with a mean (SD) patient Recap of Atopic Eczema score of 11.7 (7.2), mean (SD) patient age of 39.5 (22.2) years, and mean (SD) SDMQ9 score of 65.1 (27.4). For present SDM, 479 of 966 (49.6%) reported "I prefer to make the final decision after seriously considering my doctor's opinion," and 655 of 955 (69.4%) reported being very or extremely confident to engage in SDM in the future. Those who reported feeling "very well informed" about the causes of eczema had a 14.7-point higher (95% CI, 9.2-20.2;<i>P</i> &lt; .001, multiple linear regression) SDMQ9 score than those "not adequately informed" and were 3.4 times more likely (95% CI, 2.1-5.7;<i>P</i> &lt; .001, multiple logistic regression) to be confident to engage in future SDM. Respondents reported that they would be motivated to engage in SDM if the clinician initiated SDM, valued input from the patient, and acknowledged that patients are experts on their own bodies or if a treatment is no longer working. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Results of this survey study suggest that a majority of patients with eczema and caregivers prefer a large role in decision-making for their care and that clinicians can initiate and facilitate SDM to improve patient satisfaction with care.
Effects of Electroacupuncture for Depression-Related Insomnia
Authors: Albert Yeung, David Mischoulon
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

Xuan Yin, MD; Wei Li, PhD; Tingting Liang, MD; Bing Lu, MD; Hongyu Yue, MD; Shanshan Li, MD; Victor W. Zhong, PhD; Wei Zhang, PhD; Xia Li, PhD; Shuang Zhou, PhD; Yiqun Mi, MD; Huangan Wu, PhD; Shifen Xu, PhD
Association Between Toxic Effects and Survival in Patients With Cancer and Autoimmune Disease Treated With Checkpoint Inhibitor Immunotherapy
Authors: Catherine Young Han, Conall Fitzgerald, Mark Lee, Cristina Valero, Mithat Gönen, Alexander Shoushtari, Luc G. T. Morris
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2022)

This cohort study analyzed the safety and efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with cancer and autoimmune disease, and examined whether immune-related toxic effects were associated with outcomes.
DESTINY-Changing Results for Advanced Breast Cancer
Authors: Sara A. Hurvitz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2022)

The implications of the results of the DESTINY-Breast04 trial reported by Modi et al.1 in this issue of the Journal are difficult to overstate. Immediately practice-changing, these data show that a human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)–directed therapy, trastuzumab deruxtecan, leads to significant and striking improvements in both progression-free survival and overall survival as compared with chemotherapy among patients with metastatic breast cancer with low expression of HER2. Consistent benefit was observed in patients with poor prognostic indicators, including triple-negative cancer. Although the trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 (Trop-2)–targeted antibody–drug conjugate sacituzumab govitecan has improved outcomes in patients with heavily . . .
CD177+ cells produce neutrophil extracellular traps that promote biliary atresia
Authors: Ruizhong Zhang, Liang Su, Ming Fu, Zhe Wang, Ledong Tan, Hongjiao Chen, Zefeng Lin, Yanlu Tong, Sige Ma, Rongchen Ye, Ziyang Zhao, Ziqing Wang, Weiyi Chen, Jiakang Yu, Wei Zhong, Jixiao Zeng, Fei Liu, Chenwei Chai, Xisi Guan, Tao Liu, Jiankun Liang, Yun Zhu, Xiaoqiong Gu, Yan Zhang, Vincent C.H. Lui, Paul K.H. Tam, Jonathan R. Lamb, Zhe Wen, Yan Chen, Huimin Xia
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2022)

We have previously reported on the potential pathogenic role of neutrophils in biliary atresia (BA). Herein, we aimed to delineate the role of CD177+ neutrophils in the pathogenesis of BA.Immune cells from the livers of mice with rhesus rotavirus-induced BA were analysed. Single-cell RNA-sequencing was performed to specifically analyse Gr-1+ (Ly6C/Ly6G+) cells in the liver. Gene expression profiles of CD177+ cells were analysed using the Smart-Seq RNA-sequencing method, and the pathogenesis of BA was examined in Cd177-/- mice. Neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) inhibitors were used to determine the role of CD177+ cell-derived NETs in BA-associated bile duct damage, and a pilot clinical study evaluated the potential effects of N-acetylcysteine on NET release in BA.Increased levels of Gr-1+ cells were observed in the livers of mice with rhesus rotavirus-induced BA. RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that CD177+ cells were the main population of Gr-1+ cells and expressed elevated levels of both interferon-stimulated and neutrophil degranulation genes. Cd177-/- BALB/c mice exhibited delayed disease onset and reduced morbidity and mortality. High numbers of mitochondria were detected in CD177+ cells derived from mice with BA; these cells were associated with increased levels of reactive oxygen species and increased NET formation, which induced the apoptosis of biliary epithelial cells in cocultures. In a pilot clinical study, the administration of N-acetylcysteine to patients with BA reduced CD177+ cell numbers and reactive oxygen species levels, indicating a potential beneficial effect.Our data indicate that CD177+ cells play an important role in the initiation of BA pathogenesis via NET formation.The pilot study of N-acetylcysteine treatment in patients with BA was registered on the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2000040505).Neutrophils (a type of innate immune cell, i.e. an immune cell that doesn't target a specific antigen) are thought to play a role in the development of biliary atresia (a rare but potentially lethal condition of the bile ducts that occurs in infants). Herein, we found that neutrophils expressing a particular protein (CD177) played an important role in bile duct damage by releasing a special structure (NET) that can trap and kill pathogens but that can also cause severe tissue damage. A pilot study in patients with biliary atresia showed that inhibiting NETs could have a beneficial effect.
<i>Erratum</i>: Vol. 71, No. 22: Pediatric Melatonin Ingestions — United States, 2012–2021
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2022)

In the report, "Pediatric Melatonin Ingestions -United States, 2012-2021," on page 726 in the first full paragraph, the third sentence should have read, "Most children (84.4%) were asymptomatic."On page 727, the Table contained multiple errors: rows 18 and 19 (with the headings "Asymptomatic" and "Symptomatic") should have been deleted, the final original footnote should have read, "Cases confirmed as nonexposures and exposures deemed not responsible for the effect," two additional footnotes should have been included, and all footnotes should have been reordered.In addition, the abbreviation "RCF = relative contribution to fatality" should have been included.The Table has been updated accordingly.On page 727, in Figure 2, the y-axis was incorrectly formatted to demonstrate stacked values.Figure 2 has been updated accordingly.
Recapitulation of growth factor-enriched microenvironment via BMP receptor activating hydrogel
Authors: Qinghao Zhang, Yuanda Liu, Jie Li, Jing Wang, Changsheng Liu
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2022)

Exposure to a growth factor abundant milieu has remarkable regenerative and rejuvenating effects on organ diseases, tissue damage, and regeneration, including skeletal system defects and bone regeneration. Although the introduction of candidate growth factors into relevant fields has been reported, their regenerative effects remain unsatisfactory, mainly because of the experimental challenges with limited types of growth factors, elusive dosage adjustment, and asynchronous stem cell activation with cytokine secretion. Here, an innovative hydrogel recapitulating a growth factor-enriched microenvironment (GEM) for regenerative advantage, is reported. This sulfated hydrogel includes bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), an essential growth factor in osteogenesis, to direct mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation, stimulate cell proliferation, and improve bone formation. The semi-synthetic hydrogel, sulfonated gelatin (S-Gelatin), can amplify BMP-2 signaling in mouse MSCs by enhancing the binding between BMP-2 and BMP-2 type II receptors (BMPR2), which are located on MSC nuclei and activated by the hydrogel. Importantly, the dramatically improved cytokine secretion of MSCs throughout regeneration confirms the growth factor-acquiring potential of S-Gelatin/rhBMP-2 hydrogel, leading to the vascularization enhancement. These findings provide a new strategy to achieve an
Code Blue—What to Do When the Shooting Starts
Authors: Howard D. Larkin
Journal: JAMA (2022)

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Plasma cell but not CD20-mediated B-cell depletion protects from bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis
Authors: Cecilia M. Prêle, Tylah Miles, David R. Pearce, Robert J. O'Donoghue, Chris Grainge, Lucy Barrett, Kimberly Birnie, Andrew D. Lucas, Svetlana Baltic, Matthias Ernst, Catherine Rinaldi, Geoffrey J. Laurent, Darryl A. Knight, Mark Fear, Gerard Hoyne, Robin J. McAnulty, Steven E. Mutsaers
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2022)

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an interstitial lung disease associated with chronic inflammation and tissue remodelling leading to fibrosis, reduced pulmonary function, respiratory failure and death. Bleomycin (Blm)-induced lung fibrosis in mice replicates several clinical features of human IPF, including prominent lymphoid aggregates of predominantly B-cells that accumulate in the lung adjacent to areas of active fibrosis. We have shown previously a requirement for B-cells in the development of Blm-induced lung fibrosis in mice. To determine the therapeutic potential of inhibiting B-cell function in pulmonary fibrosis, we examined the effects of anti-CD20 B-cell ablation therapy to selectively remove mature B-cells from the immune system and inhibit Blm-induced lung fibrosis. Anti-CD20 B-cell ablation did not reduce fibrosis in this model; however, immune phenotyping of peripheral blood and lung resident cells revealed that anti-CD20-treated mice retained a high frequency of CD19+ CD138+ plasma cells. Interestingly, high levels of CD138+ cells were also identified in the lung tissue of patients with IPF, consistent with the mouse model. Treatment of mice with bortezomib, which depletes plasma cells, reduced the level of Blm-induced lung fibrosis, implicating plasma cells as important effector cells in the development and progression of pulmonary fibrosis.
Superiority of <scp>Low‐Dose</scp> Benzbromarone to <scp>Low‐Dose</scp> Febuxostat in a Prospective, Randomized Comparative Effectiveness Trial in Gout Patients With Renal Uric Acid Underexcretion
Authors: Fei Yan, Xiaomei Xue, Jie Lu, Nicola Dalbeth, Han Qi, Qing Yu, Can Wang, Mingshu Sun, Lingling Cui, Zhen Liu, Yuwei He, Xuan Yuan, Ying Chen, Xiaoyu Cheng, Lidan Ma, Hailong Li, Aichang Ji, Shuhui Hu, Zijing Ran, Robert Terkeltaub, Changgui Li
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2022)

Objective The predominant mechanism driving hyperuricemia in gout is renal uric acid underexcretion; however, the standard urate‐lowering therapy (ULT) recommendation is first‐line xanthine oxidase inhibitor (XOI), irrespective of the cause of hyperuricemia. This comparative effectiveness clinical trial was undertaken to compare first‐line nontitrated low‐dose benzbromarone (LDBen) uricosuric therapy to XOI ULT with low‐dose febuxostat (LDFeb) in gout patients with renal uric acid underexcretion. Methods We conducted a prospective, randomized, single‐center, open‐label trial in men with gout and renal uric acid underexcretion (defined as fractional excretion of urate &lt;5.5% and uric acid excretion ≤600 mg/day/1.73 m 2 ). A total of 196 participants were randomly assigned to receive LDBen 25 mg daily or LDFeb 20 mg daily for 12 weeks. All participants received daily urine alkalization with oral sodium bicarbonate. The primary end point was the rate of achieving the serum urate target of &lt;6 mg/dl. Results More participants in the LDBen group achieved the serum urate target than those in the LDFeb group (61% compared to 32%, P &lt; 0.001). Rates of adverse events, including gout flares and urolithiasis, did not differ between groups, with the exception of greater transaminase elevation in the LDFeb group (4% for LDBen compared to 15% for LDFeb, P = 0.008). Conclusion Compared to LDFeb, LDBen has superior urate‐lowering efficacy and similar safety in treating relatively young and healthy patients with renal uric acid underexcretion–type gout.