Abstract 5728: Inhibition of TACC3 blocks the growth of highly aggressive breast cancers with centrosome amplification
Authors: Ozge Saatci, Ozge Akbulut, Metin Cetin, Vitali Sikirzhytski, Ozgur Sahin
Journal: Cancer Research (2023)

Abstract Centrosome amplification (CA) is a hallmark of cancer that is strongly associated with highly aggressive disease and worse clinical outcome. Clustering extra centrosomes into opposite spindle poles during mitosis is critical for preventing multipolar cell division and apoptosis in cancer cells with CA. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms have largely been unexplored. Here, we identified Transforming Acidic Coiled-Coil Containing Protein 3 (TACC3) as a novel CA-directed dependency, driving highly aggressive cell growth by forming distinct functional interactomes during cell cycle progression. We demonstrated, for the first time, that TACC3 interacts with the Kinesin Family Member C1 (KIFC1) via its TACC domain in mitotic cells with CA to promote centrosome clustering (CC) and facilitate mitotic progression. On the other hand, TACC3 interacts with the members of the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase (NuRD) complex (HDAC2 and MBD2) in the nucleus of interphase cells with CA, thereby suppressing the transcription of key tumor suppressors to facilitate G1/S progression and cell survival. Inhibiting TACC3 in mitotic cells blocks the formation of TACC3/KIFC1 complex, leading to formation of multipolar spindles and activation of spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC)/CDK1/p-Bcl2 axis that ultimately results in mitotic cell death; whereas TACC3 inhibition in interphase cells blocks TACC3/HDAC2/MBD2 complex, leading to enhanced transcription of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (e.g., p21 and p16) and apoptosis regulators (e.g., APAF1), ultimately causing p53-independent G1 arrest and strong apoptosis. Notably, inducing CA by chemical (cytochalasin D) or genomic (PLK4 overexpression or p53 loss) modulations renders cancer cells highly sensitive to TACC3 inhibition, showing the dependency of cells with CA to TACC3. Targeting TACC3 by small molecule inhibitors or CrispR-CAS9-mediated knock-out significantly reduces colony formation ability, inhibits the growth of organoids of patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) with CA, and strongly inhibits tumor growth in breast cancer cell line xenografts and PDXs with CA via induction of mitotic arrest and inhibition of G1/S progression. Notably, we demonstrated that high CA tumors express much higher levels of TACC3, and high TACC3 expression leads to drastically worse clinical outcome in cancer patients with CA. Altogether, our results show, for the first time, that TACC3 is a multifunctional driver of the growth of the highly aggressive breast tumors with CA and that targeting TACC3 is a promising approach to tackle this aggressive disease. Citation Format: Ozge Saatci, Ozge Akbulut, Metin Cetin, Vitali Sikirzhytski, Ozgur Sahin. Inhibition of TACC3 blocks the growth of highly aggressive breast cancers with centrosome amplification. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 5728.