tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ineffectiveness of progesterone suppository treatment for premenstrual syndrome
Authors: E. Freeman
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Progesterone is the most widely used treatment for premenstrual syndrome. To answer definitely the question of whether progesterone suppositories are effective for the treatment of premenstrual syndrome, a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover study of 168 women, receiving progesterone in doses of 400 and 800 mg or placebo, was carried out. Premenstrual symptoms were not significantly improved by progesterone compared with placebo in any measure used in the study, including daily symptom reports maintained throughout treatment, clinician evaluation of improvement, and patient global reports of symptom severity, relief, and disruption of daily activity. No symptom cluster or individual symptom differed significantly between progesterone and placebo treatment. These treatment results were not significantly affected by fluctuations in response during the placebo washout period, pretreatment levels of depression or anxiety at either postmenstrual or premenstrual times, or any of 19 other background, medical history, or symptom variables examined individually as covariates with treatment. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;264:349-353)
Retrieval
Authors: Robert H. Lokey
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Responsiveness to phenobarbital in an adult with Crigler-Najjar disease associated with neurological involvement and skin hyperextensibility
Authors: M Persico
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

We present the case of a 23-yr-old man who had had since birth marked and sustained unconjugated nonhemolytic hyperbilirubinemia and who had had several attacks of grand mal seizures. Analysis of serum bilirubin by diazoreactive methods showed serum levels of unconjugated bilirubin as high as 445 μmol/L that were not affected by phenobarbital administration. However, analysis of serum bile pigments by high-pressure liquid chromatography demonstrated marked decrease of unconjugated bilirubin after phenobarbital treatment (from 432.4 μmol/L to 291.0 μmol/L) associated with slight increase of bilirubin monoconjugates and diconjugates (from 0.25 μmol/L to 0.42 μmol/L). Furthermore, in the past few years the patient had exhibited striking skin hyperextensibity and diaphragm eventration. This case confirms that alkaline methanolysis—high-pressure liquid chromatography is the most reliable method for assessment of serum fraction bilirubin levels; that clinical parameters such as neurological signs do not unequivocally discriminate between type I and II Crigler-Najjar disease and that response to phenobarbital treatment remains the main diagnostic tool. (HEPATOLOGY 1991;13:213–215).
Tamoxifen Flare
Authors: Howard W. Wallach
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We have read the article by Plotkin et al inThe Journal(240:2644, 1979) regarding a flare from tamoxifen used in patients with breast cancer. We have also experienced this complication in greater numbers than earlier information suggested. As Plotkin and associates point out, the increased, sometimes excruciating pain occurs within the first seven to ten days of use and often will lead to discontinuation either by the patient or by the physician. Our first several patients who experienced this flare were given steroid therapy, usually prednisone, 5 to 10 mg/day for seven to ten days. Even with continuation of the tamoxifen, the patients' pain quickly abated, and they were able to resume their previous activity and improve their activity level. They had a remission from the tamoxifen. We are not sure how the steroid affects the tamoxifen flare; it could be that the patients who respond
Stroke
Authors: Donna Doyle
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Author Names Omitted
Authors: Tinh-Hai Collet, David Meier, Claudio Sartori
Journal: JAMA (2018)

Mark van den Boogaard, PhD; Arjen J. C. Slooter, MD, PhD; Roger J. M. Brüggemann, PharmD, PhD; Lisette Schoonhoven, PhD; Albertus Beishuizen, MD, PhD; J. Wytze Vermeijden, MD, PhD; Danie Pretorius, MD; Jan de Koning, MD; Koen S. Simons, MD; Paul J. W. Dennesen, MD, PhD; Peter H. J. Van der Voort, MD, PhD; Saskia Houterman, PhD; J. G. van der Hoeven, MD, PhD; Peter Pickkers, MD, PhD; and the REDUCE Study Investigators; Margaretha C. E. van der Woude, MD; Anna Besselink, MD; Lieuwe S. Hofstra, MD, PhD; Peter E. Spronk, MD, PhD; Walter van den Bergh, MD, PhD; Dirk W. Donker, MD, PhD; Malaika Fuchs, MD; Attila Karakus, MD, PhD; M. Koeman, MD, PhD; Mirella van Duijnhoven, MD; Gerjon Hannink, PhD
Neurology
Authors: Robert J. Joynt
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Major advances in the molecular and genetic bases of neurological disease have continued to be the the major focus in the field of neurology. However, notable progress has been made in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of neurological disorders. Numerous clinical trials of various drugs and procedures are under way in patients with disorders long resistant to any therapeutic approaches. The vexing question of whether to operate in cases of asymptomatic internal carotid artery stenosis has been the subject of a large, randomized controlled clinical trial. The interim results of this trial were released in a National Institute of Neurologic Diseases and Stroke Clinical Advisory.<sup>1</sup>The conclusion was that carotid endarterectomy is beneficial for patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis exceeding 60% of diameter reduction as confirmed by arteriography. Results were dependent on medical centers and surgeons who had a perioperative morbidity and mortality rate lower than 3%. Men had
Antihemophilic factor 8 in hemophilia. Use of concentrates to permit major surgery
Authors: J. J. Mazza
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Seven surgical procedures were successfully performed on five patients suffering from classic hemophilia. Hemostasis was maintained by the use of three factor VIII concentrates: cryoprecipitate, American National Red Cross high-purity concentrate, and a lyophilized glycine-precipitated fraction. Significant hemorrhage occurred twice, in each instance when the patient's factor VIII levels fell below 20% of normal. The availability of satisfactory concentrates of factor VIII permits consideration of elective surgical procedures in the hemophiliac. It should be emphasized, however, that such operations should be undertaken only if the indications are unequivocal and the necessary clinical and laboratory facilities are available.
Salivary secretion of blood-group factors in cancer
Authors: M. J. Krant
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Several recent papers have indicated that a relationship exists between the clinical course of cancer and the blood-group substance secretor factor in saliva.<sup>1,2</sup>An etiologic relation in 88 cases of primary bronchogenic carcinoma in the Salt Lake City area described a distinct lack of nonsecretors.<sup>3</sup>To confirm this finding, an analysis was conducted of the frequency of this particular genetic factor occurring in a series of patients with various cancers at the Lemuel Shattuck Hospital. <h3>Methods</h3> In 1966, studies were made on 195 patients with cancer who admitted to the Lemuel Shattuck Hospital. Blood-group analysis and salivary-secretor status were obtained; an analysis of the clinical course of the patient was made. Five milliliters of saliva was collected; standard techniques were used for treatment of saliva and for testing it with an extract of<i>Ulex europaeus</i>.<sup>4</sup> All nonsecretor saliva was retested with the extract and with 0 cells.
Born again and live longer?
Journal: BMJ (1980)

If the sleepwalking and night terrors are isolated problemsand in childhood this is most often the case-the reasons for parental anxiety should be determined.Reassurance may be given about the usually benign long-term outcome, but symptomatic advice will often be helpful.Establishing regular bedtime routines and avoiding frightening television programmes may help prevent sleepwalking and night terrors."Proofing" the environment to prevent accidental injury to sleepwalkers is well worth while.As many as 24% of adult sleepwalkers have reported injuring themselves,7 and though the risk may be less in childhood it is not negligible.The view of the sleepwalking episode as an acted-out dream has been challenged,8 but nevertheless the parents should be encouraged to talk with the child and to share and if possible understand his or her anxieties about the episodes and other possible stresses.Finally, in cases of frequent sleepwalking the risk of injury may justify a trial of treatment with diazepam.8
Lower GI tract - basic
Authors: P Diasebastiano, M Buechler, T Fink, M Schaefer, E Weihe, H Friess, H Beger
Journal: Gut (1993)

The distribution of opioid peptides in the gastro-intestinal (GI) tract has been charatcterized by immunohistochemistry in a variety of species including man.In contrast, the pattern of opioid gene expression in the GI-tract ts still unknown.AIM OF THE STUDY: based on this consideration it was the aim of this study to evaluate the presence of the three opioid precursors proenkephalin (PRO-ENK), prodynorphin (PRO-DYN) and proopiomelanocortin.(POMC) at the mRNA level.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fresh frozen tissue obtained from 20 patients undergoing small and large bowe3l resection was studied using in situ hybridization with S-labelled cRNA probes.We focused on normal human colon and small intestine and only normal tissue regions (histology) were processed for analysis.RESULTS: In human colon and small intestine, the majority of neurons in the myoenteric plexus expressed PRO-ENK mRNA at extremely high levels.In contrast, expression of PRO-ENK mRNA in the submucosa-l plexus was not ob-served.PRO-DYN mRNA was expressed at low levels in a minor subpopulation of myoenteric neurons in the human gut.In addition, a large number of cells in the epithelium of the small intestine expressed PRO-DYN mRNA.POMC mRNA gene expression was below detection level.CONCLUSIONS: The selective presence of PRO-ENK in the majority of myoenteric neurons indicates that PRO-ENK is of major importance in the intrinsic neuronal regulation of gut motility.In contrast, low expression of PRO-DYN in myoenteric neurons suggests that intrinsic dynorphin is of minor importance or may more selectively modulate neuroregulation of gut functions.On the other hand, PRO-DYN may be the only opioid precursor that is involved in paracrine or autocrine functions in neuroendocrine cells in the epithelium.The absence of detectable POMC levels is in contrast to immunocytochemical data ad may indicate that POMC plays no major role in neural or neuroendocrine functions of the GI-tract.
Kidney Cancer
Authors: Robert J. Motzer, Neeraj Agarwal, Clair Beard, Sam Bhayani, Graeme B. Bolger, Michael A. Carducci, Sam S. Chang, Toni K. Choueiri, Steven L. Hancock, Gary R. Hudes, Eric Jonasch, David Josephson, Timothy M. Kuzel, Ellis G. Levine, Daniel W. Lin, Kim A. Margolin, M. Dror Michaelson, Thomas Olencki, Roberto Pili, Thomas W. Ratliff, Bruce G. Redman, Cary N. Robertson, Charles J. Ryan, Joel Sheinfeld, Philippe E. Spiess, Jue Wang, Richard B. Wilder
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2011)
Conversion to SI units. The Canadian experience
Authors: M. J. McQueen
Journal: JAMA (1986)

IN 1983, seven Canadian provinces (Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and Alberta) converted to the use of SI units in health care. The<i>Systeme international d'Unités</i>(SI) is the most up-to-date version of the metric system and replaces all earlier versions of that system. Conversion to SI had already taken place during the 1970s in the countries of the European community, Australia, and New Zealand. In May 1986, Kuwait took the lead among the Middle Eastern and North African countries by converting its hospitals and laboratories to SI units. Governments representing 98% of the world's population have committed themselves to using this version of the metric system. <h3>US Involvement With the Metric System</h3> As early as 1860, Congress made the use of the metric system legal throughout the United States. During and after the Second World War, growing international trade encouraged a powerful thrust toward
Practice guidelines
Authors: Steven H. Woolf
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Dr Brook's<sup>1</sup>article on practice guidelines was intriguing. In it, he recommends that guidelines be used by insurers to deny reimbursement, by courts to rule on malpractice decisions, by licensure boards to issue credentials, by professional societies to approve recertification, and by patients and employers to select providers. These sweeping recommendations may be premature. We have yet to reach agreement on how to define appropriateness accurately. Undisputed guidelines can only be set for some procedures and for flagrant departures from accepted standards of care, but for much of medicine we lack measures of appropriateness that are clinically and scientifically valid. The RAND Corporation's methodology discussed by Dr Brook is an important step forward, but its precision is uncertnain. Fundamental questions remain about the validity of deciding appropriateness by expert consensus. Opinions of inappropriateness set into generic guidelines may not equate with true inappropriateness in individual cases.
Abstracts
Journal: Thorax (1950)

Micro-cultures of .Mycobacterium tuberculosis of the Scandinavian human strain E, on Sauton's medium with Tween 80 0.05%, serum albumin 0.5%, mannitol 0.2%, and agar 1.8%, (the glycerine being omitted from the original Sauton formula) were employed for the study of the normal growth of tubercle bacilli and the effect of streptomycin, peni- cillin, sulphathiazole, and glycerine on the morphology and reproduction of the organism.Normally, multiplication of the bacilli was by transverse fission, branching being only very rarely observed.After 24 hours the bacilli became elongated and thicker, more refractile, and even- tually slightly curved-the pre-fission phase.From the second day onwards multiplication proceeded at increasing speed, resulting in small colonies by the 7th to 10th day, when growth was quite diffuse on the medium.Granules seen in the cultures were shown to be products of autolysis.They were observed for up to three months and were never seen to develop into bacilli.They appeared to play no role in the developmental cycle.The most marked morphological changes were found with the addition of streptomycin in 0.25 Mg. per ml. to the medium.The pre-fission phase
Anti-hepatitis B virus activity of a mixture of two monoclonal antibodies in an “inhibition in solution” assay
Authors: Rudolf A. Heijtink, Johannes Kruining, Yvonne A. M. Weber, Robert A. de Man, Solko W. Schalm
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Two human monoclonal antibodies with anti-hepatitis B activity were investigated separately and as a mixture by means of an "inhibition in solution" assay. With this assay the capacity of anti-HBs antibodies to inhibit the binding of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) with solid-phase anti-HBs (Ausria II, Abbott Laboratories) was studied. Both HBsAg of different subtypes and purified Dane particles were used. One of the monoclonal antibodies (9H9) was directed against a conformational epitope (anti-"a" like) but induced incomplete inhibition (80% to 90%) of all HBsAg subtypes; the other (4–7B), active against a linear epitope, caused full inhibition of all HBsAg subtypes except one (HBsAg/adw4). In vitro, a mixture of these two monoclonal antibodies was active against HBsAg from liver transplant recipients, including those with suspected variant viruses. (HEPATOLOGY 1995; 22:1078–1083.).
Recipient-type specific CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells favor immune reconstitution and control graft-versus-host disease while maintaining graft-versus-leukemia
Authors: Aurélie Trenado, Frédéric Charlotte, Sylvain Fisson, Micael Yagello, David Klatzmann, Benoît L. Salomon, José L. Cohen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Treg’s) play a pivotal role in preventing organ-specific autoimmune diseases and in inducing tolerance to allogeneic organ transplants. We and others recently demonstrated that high numbers of Treg’s can also modulate graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) if administered in conjunction with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in mice. In a clinical setting, it would be impossible to obtain enough freshly purified Treg’s from a single donor to have a therapeutic effect. Thus, we performed regulatory T cell expansion ex vivo by stimulation with allogeneic APCs, which has the additional effect of producing alloantigen-specific regulatory T cells. Here we show that regulatory T cells specific for recipient-type alloantigens control GVHD while favoring immune reconstitution. Irrelevant regulatory T cells only mediate a partial protection from GVHD. Preferential survival of specific regulatory T cells, but not of irrelevant regulatory T cells, was observed in grafted animals. Additionally, the use of specific regulatory T cells was compatible with some form of graft-versus-tumor activity. These data suggest that recipient-type specific Treg’s could be preferentially used in the control of GVHD in future clinical trials.
Does a mailed continuing education program improve physician performance? Results of a randomized trial in antihypertensive care
Authors: C. E. Evans
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Evidence is sparse concerning the value of the "educational" materials that physicians receive in the mail. We conducted a randomized trial of a mailed continuing education program on hypertension for primary care physicians. Although formal pretesting documented that the program led to significant improvements in physician knowledge over the short term, the current study showed no lasting effect on physician knowledge (mean scores on an end-of-study questionnaire were 50% and 52% for study and control physicians, respectively) and no influence on performance in lowering the blood pressures of patients referred from screening (mean blood pressure drop for study patients, 12.2/10.4 mm Hg vs 13.0/10.6 mm Hg for control patients). The chance that we missed a difference in diastolic blood pressure as great as 3 mm Hg is less than 5%. Resources spent on instructional materials mailed to physicians may be wasted. (<i>JAMA</i>1986;255:501-504)
Pediatrics
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
LESIONS OF TYPHOID FEVER PRODUCED BY BACILLUS FAECALIS-ALKALIGENES
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal