tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PB2356: EFFECTS OF TARGETED NURSING INTERVENTIONS ON CANCER-INDUCED FATIGUE AND MENTAL HEALTH IN CHEMOTHERAPY PATIENTS WITH LEUKEMIA
Authors: S. Xiao, G. Su, D. Lan
Journal: HemaSphere (2022)

Background: The phenomenon of cancer-induced fatigue is one of the research hotspots at this stage in the field of foreign tumors, but the understanding and attention of this symptom in china leukemia field is not enough, which is not conducive to the provision of high-quality care for leukemia patients. Aims: To investigate the implementation method of targeted nursing intervention program and its application value in the care of chemotherapy patients with leukemia. Methods: The 100 leukemia chemotherapy patients admitted to our hospital from January to December 2021 were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group of 50 cases each, and the observation group implemented routine nursing intervention and the control group targeted nursing intervention. Before and after nursing interventions, the Cancer Fatigue Scale (CFS) was used to evaluate the state of cancer-induced fatigue, and the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) were used to evaluate the state of mental health. Results: After the intervention, the CFS scale score of patients in the control group was lower than that in the observation group (P<0.05), and the HAMD score and HAMA score were lower than those in the observation group (P<0.05). Summary/Conclusion: The implementation of targeted nursing interventions in the clinical care of chemotherapy patients with leukemia can effectively improve the patient’s cancer-induced fatigue state and negative psychology.
PB1951: INVESTIGATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CD56 AND CD117 EXPRESSIONS AND CLINICAL AND LABORATORY FINDINGS IN MULTIPLE MYELOMA PATIENTS AT DIAGNOSIS
Authors: D. M. Akkurd, H. Haydaroglu Sahin, E. Yilmaz, V. Okan
Journal: HemaSphere (2022)

Background: Multiparametric flow cytometry-based immunophenotyping is a useful tool for the diagnosis and monitoring of multiple myeloma.Multiparametric flow cytometry can distinguish malignant plasma cell populations from the reactive/normal plasma cells in samples effectively. Aims: We planned to analyze the relationship between demographic data, biochemical parameters, survival times of CD56 and CD117 positive or lamps in MM patients who were treated at the center and present it as the experience of a center. Methods: In our study, 94 Multiple Myeloma patients who were diagnosed and treated and followed up in Gaziantep University Hospital Hematology Clinic between April 2004 and October 2018 were included. Normal distribution tests of numerical variables were performed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro Wilk tests. Survival analyzes were performed by Kaplan Meier analysis. Analyzes were carried out with the help of SPSS 22.0 program. A significance level of p <0.05 was chosen. Results: The median age of the patients was 62.5. 57.4% of the patients were male and 42.6% were female. 6.3% of the patients were IgM type, 72.3% IgG, 13.8% IgA, 7.4% light chain type. Kappa chain type was present in 55.3% of the patients, while lambda type was detected in 44.6% of the patients. The CD56 expression rate of the patients at the time of diagnosis was 42.5%, and the CD117 expression rate was 30.9%. Double negativity was calculated as 53.1%, while double positivity was calculated as 26.5%. A statistically significant relationship was found between the detection of CD56 positivity at the time of diagnosis and early stage disease according to the ISS classification (p = 0.01). When hemogram and biochemical parameters were examined separately, it was shown that creatinine was numerically significantly lower in CD56 and C117 positive patient groups (p = 0.01) (p = 0.04), but no statistically significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of renal involvement. The median overall survival (OS) duration was 44 months (25.8-62.1) and the 5-year OS rate was 40.2%. Summary/Conclusion: The results of the study show that, no statistically significant relationship was found between the presence of CD56 expression and OS (p = 0.404). In the group with negative CD117 expression, the median OS duration was 50.1 months (32.2-67.7), and the 5-year OS rate was 39.5%. In the group with positive CD117 expression, the median OS was 61.7 months (17.3-106) and the 5-year OS rate was 50%. When looking at the general results, a statistically significant relationship was not found between the presence or absence of CD117 expression and OS (p: 0.853).
Costs Associated With Assault Injuries and Future Opportunities for Violence Research, Prevention, and Intervention in the US
Authors: Sara F. Jacoby
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

Luke E. Barry, PhD; Grainne E. Crealey, PhD; Nga T. Q. Nguyen, PhD; Thomas G. Weiser, MD, MPH; Sarabeth A. Spitzer, MD; Ciaran O’Neill, PhD
PB2010: RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF RELAPSED/REFRACTORY MYELOMA PATIENTS FROM AN INDIAN TERTIARY CENTRE: RESPONSE MATTERS!!
Authors: R. R. Lavu, L. Kumar, S. Konda, R. M. Velagapudi
Journal: HemaSphere (2022)

Background: Treatment paradigm of relapsed multiple myeloma (MM) has changed in the last decade. We report treatment outcomes among relapsed MM patients in the era of proteasome inhibitors (PI) and newer immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) in an Indian cohort. Aims: The primary objective was to determine the progression free survival (PFS) of relapsed patients. Secondary objectives include complete response rates (CR) & objective response rates (ORR), (≥ partial response (PR)). Methods: The study is a retrospective review of relapsed MM patients treated at a North Indian tertiary cancer referral center between January 2014 to December 2019 and were subsequently followed till October 2021 for outcomes. Patients who relapsed after atleast one prior line of therapy were included. Records of 300 patients were screened and 195 (65%) patients were included in the study. 105(35%) patients with incomplete treatment details and significant missing data were excluded. Results: Median age was 58 years (range; 51 to 65 years). 108 (55.4%) patients had an IgG subtype. High risk features observed were renal failure in 16% patients, extramedullary disease in 9% patients. Bortezomib based triplet in 27.6% of patients followed by combination of bortezomib with IMiD based triplet in 25.1% patients followed by pomalidomide based regimen (without PI) in 15.3% and doublet regimen were used in 15.3%. Responses were evaluable in 176 patients. ORR in the entire cohort was seen in 98/176 (55.6%) patients. Among the individual regimens, it was 66% with bortezomib based triplet, 58% with bortezomib & IMiD based regimen. Complete response (CR) was seen in 19/176 (10.8%) patients. After a median follow up of 11.5 months (range; 5.5-25.6 months), 143 (73.3%) patients progressed. Median PFS of the entire cohort was 8 months (range, 0-55.0 months). Median PFS did not differ by type of salvage treatment used (p-value= 0.7). Multivariate cox proportion analysis suggested that patients achieving CR had better PFS (median 31.2 months [95% CI 10.1-55.9] vs 6·9 months [1.61, 36.2]; hazard ratio (HR) 3.07 [95% CI 1.34,7.01], two-sided p=0·005). Similarly achieving a response 5.09 v 11.4 months, ([HR], 95% CI; 15.1 (5.59, 41.0), p value <0.001). Median OS was not reached during the study duration. Toxicities were managable with serious adverse events noted in 2% of patients. Image:Summary/Conclusion: In relapsed myeloma patients we suggest that depth of response, and acheiving a CR irrespective of drugs used in salvage regimen predict a better PFS. To date this is the largest retrospective series from an Indian center. However, these findings require validation by a randomized control trial.
P1578: CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PROGNOSTIC ANALYSIS OF 88 PATIENTS WITH HEMOPHAGOCYTOSIS DETECTED BY BONE MARROW SMEAR
Authors: L. Ran, Z. Yang, T. Yang, Y. Nan, Y. Xiang, Y. Liu
Journal: HemaSphere (2022)

Background: The clinical characteristics, laboratory examination and prognostic characteristics of patients with hemophagocytes detected in bone marrow smears were analyzed retrospectively to explore the differences in etiology and prognosis of patients with hemophagocytes detected in bone marrow smears. Aims: To investigate the clinical characteristics, laboratory examination and prognostic characteristics of patients with hemophagocytes detected in bone marrow smears. Methods: A total of 88 patients with hemophagocytosis detected by bone marrow smear in four hospitals were collected, and their clinical data were analyzed. They were divided into two groups: the group meeting the diagnostic criteria of hemophagocytic syndrome (HLH) and the group not meeting the diagnostic criteria of hemophagocytic syndrome (non HLH), and their survival was followed up. Results: Among the 88 patients, 37 patients met the diagnostic criteria for hemophagocytic syndrome (42.05%), 51 patients did not meet the diagnostic criteria (57.95%), 68 patients had fever (77.28%), 37 patients showed splenomegasis (42.05%), 59 patients had cytopenia of 2 series or above (67.05%), Serum ferritin was elevated in 44 cases (50.00%). Etiological analysis showed that 58 of 88 patients were tumor-related (65.91%), including 32 cases of lymphoma (36.36%). 20 cases (22.73%) were infection-related. For the HLH group and the non-HLH group, there was no statistical difference in the proportion of macrophages in bone marrow smears between the two groups, and the phagocytes were white blood cells, platelets, red blood cells, etc. No significant difference was observed between the two groups. Follow-up showed that 18 patients in the HLH group died, with a mortality rate of 48.65%, and 19 patients in the non-HLH group died, with a mortality rate of 37.25%. Summary/Conclusion: Due to the detection of bone marrow hemophagocytes, the diagnostic coincidence rate of HLH is only 42.05%. The main cause of HLH is malignant tumor. However, whether HLH can be diagnosed or not, there is a high mortality. The clinical situation of patients should be evaluated more comprehensively as soon as possible and intervened as soon as possible.
Nanoparticle delivery of miR-21-3p sensitizes melanoma to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy by promoting ferroptosis
Authors: Weinan Guo, Zhenjie Wu, Jianru Chen, Sen Guo, Weiming You, Sijia Wang, Jinyuan Ma, Huina Wang, Xiangxu Wang, Hao Wang, Jingjing Ma, Yuqi Yang, Yangzi Tian, Qiong Shi, Tianwen Gao, Xiuli Yi, Chunying Li
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2022)

Background Although anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) immunotherapy is greatly effective in melanoma treatment, low response rate and treatment resistance significantly hinder its efficacy. Tumor cell ferroptosis triggered by interferon (IFN)-γ that is derived from tumor-infiltrating CD8 + T cells greatly contributes to the effect of immunotherapy. However, the molecular mechanism underlying IFN-γ-mediated ferroptosis and related potentially promising therapeutic strategy warrant further clarification. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) participate in ferroptosis execution and can be delivered systemically by multiple carriers, which have manifested obvious therapeutic effects on cancer. Methods MiRNAs expression profile in IFN-γ-driven ferroptosis was obtained by RNA sequencing. Biochemical assays were used to clarify the role of miR-21-3p in IFN-γ-driven ferroptosis and the underlying mechanism. MiR-21-3p-loaded gold nanoparticles were constructed and systemically applied to analyze the role of miR-21-3p in anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in preclinical transplanted tumor model. Results MiRNAs expression profile of melanoma cells in IFN-γ-driven ferroptosis was first obtained. Then, upregulated miR-21-3p was proved to facilitate IFN-γ-mediated ferroptosis by potentiating lipid peroxidation. miR-21-3p increased the ferroptosis sensitivity by directly targeting thioredoxin reductase 1 (TXNRD1) to enhance lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Furthermore, miR-21-3p overexpression in tumor synergized with anti-PD-1 antibody by promoting tumor cell ferroptosis. More importantly, miR-21-3p-loaded gold nanoparticles were constructed, and the systemic delivery of them increased the efficacy of anti-PD-1 antibody without prominent side effects in preclinical mice model. Ultimately, ATF3 was found to promote miR-21-3p transcription in IFN-γ-driven ferroptosis. Conclusions MiR-21–3 p upregulation contributes to IFN-γ-driven ferroptosis and synergizes with anti-PD-1 antibody. Nanoparticle delivery of miR-21–3 p is a promising therapeutic approach to increase immunotherapy efficacy without obvious systemic side effects.
Microenvironment-responsive electrocution of tumor and bacteria by implants modified with degenerate semiconductor film
Authors: Donghui Wang, Shun Xing, Feng Peng, Xianming Zhang, Ji Tan, Xueqing Hao, Yuqin Qiao, Naijian Ge, Xuanyong Liu
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2022)

Implantable biomaterials are widely used in the curative resection and palliative treatment of various types of cancers. However, cancer residue around the implants usually leads to treatment failure with cancer reoccurrence. Postoperation chemotherapy and radiation therapy are widely applied to clear the residual cancer cells but induce serious side effects. It is urgent to develop advanced therapy to minimize systemic toxicity while maintaining efficient cancer-killing ability. Herein, we report a degenerate layered double hydroxide (LDH) film modified implant, which realizes microenvironment-responsive electrotherapy. The film can gradually transform into a nondegenerate state and release holes. When in contact with tumor cells or bacteria, the film quickly transforms into a nondegenerate state and releases holes at a high rate, rendering the "electrocution" of tumor cells and bacteria. However, when placed in normal tissue, the hole release rate of the film is much slower, thus, causing little harm to normal cells. Therefore, the constructed film can intelligently identify and meet the physiological requirements promptly. In addition, the transformation between degenerate and nondegenerate states of LDH films can be cycled by electrical charging, so their selective and dynamic physiological functions can be artificially adjusted according to demand.
P1502: LONG-TERM FOLLOW-UP OF DUTCH PATIENTS WITH SICKLE CELL DISEASE DIAGNOSED BY NEONATAL SCREENING – EFFECT ON THE MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY IN THE NETHERLANDS.
Authors: C. Vuong, L. de Ligt, H. Heijboer, E. Rettenbacher, K. Fijnvandraat, C. L. de Groot-Eckhardt
Journal: HemaSphere (2022)

Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality compared to the general population. To initiate early preventive measures, newborn screening for SCD has been introduced in January 2007 in the Netherlands. Aims: The objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of this neonatal screening for SCD by describing the residual risks of death and major disease-related events during the first fourteen years of life in children diagnosed with SCD at birth in the Netherlands. Methods: Here we report the first data of the largest center (Amsterdam UMC) of this prospective, national multicenter cohort study. Following informed consent, data were collected from medical files of all children diagnosed by neonatal screening. Descriptive data on SCD genotype and occurrence of major disease-related events are presented, including hospitalization for vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC), acute chest syndrome, severe infections and neurological complications. Overall survival and survival without specific SCD-related complications were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier curves. Results: Up until now, 98 (56%) out of 174 eligible subjects from this institution were included, with a total follow-up of 805 patient-years. The majority (55%) had the severe genotype (HbSS/ beta0-thalassemia), the remainder had genotypes HbSC or HbS/beta+-thalassemia. Survival by the age of 14 was 98.9%, with 1 death at the age of 1 years due to sepsis, most likely related to SCD. Seven patients (7.1%) had a severe infection (meningitis, sepsis, osteomyelitis) caused by Streptococcus Pneumoniae in 3/7 cases. Antibiotic prophylaxis was prescribed for all 7 patients before they reached the age of 1 year, and 6/7 patients had been fully vaccinated with the 23 valent pneumococcal vaccine. Two patients experienced a symptomatic cerebral infarction at the age of 11 months and 1.5 years, respectively. At the age of 10 years the survival without hospitalization for vaso-occlusive crisis was 27% (95% CI: 12.7 – 43.14%) and 51% (25.3 – 72.0%) for the SS/Sβ0 and SC/Sβ+ genotype, respectively. Image:Summary/Conclusion: In this cohort of neonatally screened patients with SCD, the SCD-related mortality and morbidity is still impressive with 1% mortality, 7 severe infections, and 2 patients with a CVA. A final analysis of the effect of neonatal screening for SCD will follow after completion of data collection in all participating centers in the Netherlands.
PB1819: CHARACTERISTICS AND OUTCOME OF PATIENTS WITH ACUTE PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIA IN SOUTHERN TUNISIA
Authors: O. kasser, A. koubaa, M. charfi, Y. fakhfakh, F. kallel, I. frikha, I. ben amor, L. khalifa, M. medhaffer, S. hdiji, M. elloumi
Journal: HemaSphere (2022)

Background: All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is the major advance in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Its introduction in the treatment of APL has revolutionized the outcome of this disease. Aims: The current study reports the clinical features and treatment outcome of patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) treated at the hematology department of Sfax from Tunisia. Methods: Our study was retrospective. It concerned all patients with the diagnosis of APL and followed in the hematology department of Hedi Chaker Hospital Sfax, from January 2000 until December 2019. The diagnosis of APL is based on morphological, cytogenetic and molecular study. The specific treatment is similar to that of the French protocol APL93 until 2013, and then similar to that of Spanish protocol LPA2005 since January 2014. We evaluate the rates of remission, death and overall survival (Kaplan-Meier method). Results: We collected 79 patients. The sex ratio was 1.3 with a median age of 34 years (extreme: 2-75 years). Hyperleukocytosis (GB> 10000 / mm3) was noted in 29 patients (37%). The average white blood cell count was 21900 / mm3. The disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) was found in the majority of cases (72% of cases). The t(15,17) was found in 89% of cases. The PML-RARA transcript was positive in 100% of cases. Eight patients (10%) died before treatment with hemorrhage. Thirty three patients were treated by the APL 93 (group1) and thirty eight patients were treated by the protocol LPA2005 (group 2). Fifteen patients (22%) died early during the induction course before evaluation. Causes of death during treatment were multiple: respiratory disease due to the differentiation syndrome, a severe haemorrhagic syndrome and or septic shock. Complete remission was obtained in 55 patients (98% of the evaluable patients and 77% of the treated patients) and one patient failure (2%). No deaths were reported during consolidation or maintenance treatment. A late bone marrow relapse was observed in 8 patients (14,5%). At five years of follow up, overall survival and event-free survival are 66% and 64%, respectively, and relapse-free survival is 77%. Summary/Conclusion: In our series, the DIC rates are correlated with that of the literature, as well as early death rate. The complete remission and overall survival remain lower than that of the literature. This is explained by a high rate of early mortality (during induction) by hemorrhage, of the higher frequency of hyper-leukocyte forms and the delay in diagnosis and management for our patients.
PB1881: IBRUTINIB REDUCES THE RISK OF RICHTER’S TRANSFORMATION IN PREVIOUSLY TREATED CLL PATIENTS: A POPULATION-BASED STUDY IN BRITISH COLUMBIA
Authors: R. Ramadan, A. Alzaki, H. Leitch, K. Ramadan
Journal: HemaSphere (2022)

Background: Richter Transformation (RT) presents in approximately 5% of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) patients. Richter transformation is a rare and aggressive complication of CLL, with little information in current literature regarding possible predictive factors. In this study we assessed the possible factors for incidence of Richter’s transformation. This is a population-based study in British Columbia, Canada. Aims: To evaluate the possibility of Ibrutinib reducing the incidence of Richter transformation in patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Evaluating risk factors for Richter’s transformation can help implement Ibrutinib in widespread usage as a first-line treatment for cases presenting the evaluated risk factors. Methods: An electronic database search of 1056 patients with confirmed diagnosis of CLL who presented at St Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, Canada over 30 years and between 1991 and 2021 was performed with 520 having a complete data set. 197 have undergone at least one treatment. 48 received Ibrutinib (Ibr group), and 149 patients received other non-novel therapies (non-Ibr group). Their Transformation-Free Survival (TFS) is then calculated using SPSS and incorporated in the Kaplan Meier Method. Results: The median age at diagnosis of CLL and RT was 61 y (range 34-86 y) and 64.5 y (range 33-84 y) respectively. The median lymphocyte count at diagnosis was 12 x109/L. The median time to transformation for Richter Patients was 60.1 months. By 5 years, the percentage of CLL patients who transformed in the non-Ibr group is 9%, while for the Ibr-group is 0%. By 10 years, the percentage of CLL patients who transformed in the non-ibr group is 17%, while for the Ibr group is 2% (p = 0.012). Other factors such as age, gender, and lymphocyte count at diagnosis were not significant predictors for RT on univariate analysis. On multivariate analysis, previous ibrutinib therapy retained its significance and lowered the risk of RT. Image:Summary/Conclusion: Previous Ibrutinib therapy reduced the risk for RT in CLL patients. Incorporating Ibrutinib based therapy in management of CLL is a reasonable strategy in reducing the risk of RT.
PB2323: ACQUIRED HEMOPHILIA: A CASE REPORT
Authors: N. Haddad, S. ABDI
Journal: HemaSphere (2022)

Background: Acquired hemophilia A (AHA) is a rare disease resulting from autoantibodies (inhibitors) against endogenous factor VIII (FVIII) that can lead to life-threatening bleeding. It may be secondary to an underlying disease or idiopathic. The annual incidence is 1.5 cases per million per year, with two peaks in frequency: in postpartum women (2 to 15%) and in patients aged over 60 (75%). 80% of patients have extensive unexplained bruising requiring urgent laboratory exploration. Mortality due to misfortune is between 8 and 22%. Aims: we discuss a case of acquired hemophilia A, presenting as spontaneous bruising in an elderly patient. Methods: This is an 80-year-old man, with a history of type I diabetes and hypertension, referred to our laboratory for exploration of extensive bruising, which appeared spontaneously. The questioning did not reveal any personal or family history of abnormal bleeding, or the use of any anticoagulant or antiplatelet medication. Results: Hemostatic tests of the patient revealed isolated prolonged aPTT to 59 sec (control 29 sec) with a normal PT. The measurement of the FVIII activity revealed a level of 4.5 % (normal value 60–150%). Accordingly, factor VIII inhibitors were detected at 04 Bethesda units (BU). Recombined FVIIa have been used in the treatment of bleeding episode. Immunosuppressive treatment with rituximab was administered in order to remove the factor VIII inhibitor. After 04 cures of rituximab, the aPTT wase normalised (patient 30 sec/control 30 sec) which means a total removal of factor VIII inhibitor. Summary/Conclusion: Diagnosis of Acquired hemophilia A is considered a challenge given its nonspecific presentation and low prevalence worldwide.