AB0991 DECREASE LEVEL OF PRO-INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES ASSOCIATED WITH REDUCTION OF BODY WEIGHT IN PATIENTS WITH OSTEOARTHRITIS
Authors: L. Arefeva, L. Seewordova, G. Kravtsov, E. Papichev, Y. Akhverdyan, J. Polyakova, В. Zavodovsky
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2022)

Background Recently, much attention has been paid to the problems of comorbidity of rheumatic diseases. Patients with osteoarthritis (OA) have a high risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) [1]. Common risk factors for them are metabolic disorders, overweight and an increase in the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines [2,3]. To study the effect of weight loss on leptin levels in patients with OA and metabolic syndrome. Objectives We examined 130 patients with OA and 45 practically healthy individuals aged 49.26±3.89 years. Average BMI = 30.49 kg/m 2 . Cardiovascular pathology was revealed in 121 (93%) patients. Methods Serum leptin levels were determined by ELISA-test (DBC Inc., cat no. CAN-L-4260) before and after treatment. Results The average level of leptin in healthy men was 3.8±0.21 ng/ml (M±m); no increase in leptin level was detected in them. The level of normal leptin in men, defined as M±2d, ranged from 2.0 to 5.6 ng/ml. The average level of leptin in healthy women was 7.4±0.37 ng/ml (M±m). The level of normal leptin in women ranged from 3.7 to 11.1 ng/ml. An increase in leptin levels in healthy women was detected in 4% of cases (1 person). The level of leptin significantly correlated with the sex of patients (t=7.91, p&lt;0.001). Elevated levels of leptin in patients with OA were found in 42 patients out of 130 (32.3%), which is significantly more common than in healthy individuals (p&lt;0.001). Elevated leptin levels were also found in 33 out of 78 women with OA (42.3%), which is significantly more common than in healthy women (p&lt;0.001). The average level of leptin in women with OA was 14.4±0.32 ng/ml, which is significantly higher than in healthy females (p&lt;0.001). Elevated leptin levels were found in 9 out of 28 men with OA (21.4%), which is significantly more common than in healthy men (p&lt;0.001). The level of leptin in men with OA was 6.2±0.25 ng/ml (p&lt;0.001). In patients with elevated leptin levels, the following were more often detected: secondary synovitis, radiographic stage of OA - III-IV, functional insufficiency of joints II-III and disease duration of more than 5-10 years. A significant relationship was found between high levels of leptin and higher levels of C-reactive protein (t=2.31, p&lt;0.05) and ESR (t=2.06, p&lt;0.05), both in men and women. and in women with OA. We found that weight loss by more than 5 kilograms in 3 months improves the clinical condition of patients, lowering blood pressure, pulse rate, lowering leptin concentration (t=3.43, p&lt;0.001), and reducing postprandial glycemia (t=2, 53, p&lt;0.005), by increasing the concentration of stimulated C-peptide (t=5.00, p&lt;0.001). Conclusion A high level of leptin is associated with a high atherogenic coefficient, the severity of the metabolic syndrome, and a severe course of osteoarthritis with secondary synovitis. Weight loss contributes to a decrease in leptin levels, a decrease in the manifestations of insulin resistance, stabilization of blood pressure and pulse rates, and an improvement in the clinical course of OA. References [1]Yan M., Zhang J., Yang H., Sun Y. The role of leptin in osteoarthritis // Medicine (Baltimore), 2018 Apr;97(14):e0257. [2]Arefeva L., Kravtsov G., Polyakov V., et al. Hormones of adipose tissue in patients with rheumatoid arthritis who have reduced body weight // An.Rheum.Dis. 2021. V. 80. No. S1. S. 420. [3]Polyakova J., Zavodovsky B., Seewordova L. et al. Pathogenic relationship between osteoarthritis, overweight and inflammation // Ann.Rheum.Diseases. 2015. V. 74. No. S2. S. 372. Disclosure of Interests None declared