tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Species- and strain-level assessment using <i>rrn</i> long-amplicons suggests donor’s influence on gut microbial transference via fecal transplants in metabolic syndrome subjects
Authors: Alfonso Benítez-Páez, Annick V. Hartstra, Max Nieuwdorp, Yolanda Sanz
Journal: Gut Microbes (2022)

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is currently used for treating Clostridium difficile infection and explored for other clinical applications in experimental trials. However, the effectiveness of this therapy could vary, and partly depend on the donor's bacterial species engraftment, whose evaluation is challenging because there are no cost-effective strategies for accurately tracking the microbe transference. In this regard, the precise identification of bacterial species inhabiting the human gut is essential to define their role in human health unambiguously. We used Nanopore-based device to sequence bacterial rrn operons (16S-ITS-23S) and to reveal species-level abundance changes in the human gut microbiota of a FMT trial. By assessing the donor and recipient microbiota before and after FMT, we further evaluated whether this molecular approach reveals strain-level genetic variation to demonstrate microbe transfer and engraftment. Strict control over sequencing data quality and major microbiota covariates was critical for accurately estimating the changes in gut microbial species abundance in the recipients after FMT. We detected strain-level variation via single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) at rrn regions in a species-specific manner. We showed that it was possible to explore successfully the donor-bacterial strain (e.g., Parabacteroides merdae) engraftment in recipients of the FMT by assessing the nucleotide frequencies at rrn-associated SNVs. Our findings indicate that the engraftment of donors' microbiota is to some extent correlated with the improvement of metabolic health in recipients and that parameters such as the baseline gut microbiota configuration, sex, and age of donors should be considered to ensure the success of FMT in humans. The study was prospectively registered at the Dutch Trial registry – NTR4488 (https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/4488).
Effect of a Transitional Care Intervention on Rehospitalization and Mortality after Sepsis: A 12-Month Follow-up of a Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Marc A. Kowalkowski, Aleta Rios, Joan McSweeney, Stephanie Murphy, Andrew McWilliams, Shih-Hsiung Chou, Timothy Hetherington, Whitney Rossman, Stephanie P. Taylor
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2022)

"Effect of a Transitional Care Intervention on Rehospitalization and Mortality after Sepsis: A 12-Month Follow-up of a Randomized Clinical Trial." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 206(6), pp. 783–786
Screen Timing May Be More Likely Than Screen Time to Be Associated With the Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Yu-Hsuan Lin, Sheng-Hsuan Lin, Susan Shur-Fen Gau
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Should We Screen Never-Smoking Asian Women for Lung Cancer Using Low-Dose Computed Tomography?—Reply
Authors: Wayne Gao, Chi Pang Wen, H. Gilbert Welch
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
In Vivo Generation of SSA/Ro Antigen–Specific Regulatory T Cells Improves Experimental Sjögren's Syndrome in Mice
Authors: Junji Xu, Ousheng Liu, Dandan Wang, Fu Wang, Dunfang Zhang, Wenwen Jin, Alexander Cain, Andrew Bynum, Na Liu, Yichen Han, WanJun Chen
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2022)

Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a systemic autoimmune disease, and T cells play an important role in the initiation and perpetuation of the disease. In this study, we developed an immunotherapy for NOD/LtJ mice with SS-like symptoms by combining a transient depletion of CD4+ T cells with the administration of autoantigen-specific peptide Ro480.NOD/LtJ mice were treated with single anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody (mAb) followed 2 days later by a series of 6 intraperitoneal injections of Ro480-494 every other day. Salivary flow rates were determined pre- and posttreatment once a week. Mice were euthanized 6 weeks after the initial anti-CD4 mAb treatment, salivary glands (SGs) were collected for analyses of histologic disease scores and inflammatory cell infiltration, polymerase chain reaction determination of genes was conducted, and flow cytometry analysis including major histocompatibility complex class II tetramer staining of immune cells was performed. In addition, adoptive transfer of Treg cells was administrated to investigate the function of the newly generating Treg cells in vivo.The combination of anti-CD4 mAb with autoantigen-specific peptide Ro480 generated SSA/Ro antigen-specific Treg cells in vivo, which can suppress interferon-γ production of CD4+ T cells and inflammation infiltration in SGs and maintain the function of SGs.Our findings provide a new approach to generating antigen-specific Treg cells in vivo for SS treatment, which may have implications for potential therapy for patients with SS.
Clinical characteristics and outcome of infective endocarditis due to Abiotrophia and Granulicatella compared to Viridans group streptococci
Authors: Adrián Téllez, Juan Ambrosioni, Marta Hernández-Meneses, Jaume Llopis, Marco Ripa, Stephen T. Chambers, David Holland, Manel Almela, Núria Fernández-Hidalgo, Benito Almirante, Emilio Bouza, Jacob Strahilevitz, Margaret M Hannan, John Harkness, Zeina A. Kanafani, Tahaniyat Lalani, Selwyn Lang, Nigel Raymond, Kerry Read, Tatiana Vinogradova, Christopher W. Woods, Dannah Wray, Asuncion Moreno, Vivian H. Chu, Jose M Miro
Journal: Journal of Infection (2022)
Mechanism of action of baricitinib and identification of biomarkers and key immune pathways in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Thomas Dörner, Yoshiya Tanaka, Ernst R Dow, Alisa E Koch, Maria Silk, Jorge A Ross Terres, Jonathan T Sims, Zhe Sun, Inmaculada de la Torre, Michelle Petri
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2022)

To elucidate the mechanism of action of baricitinib, a Janus kinase (JAK) 1/2 inhibitor, and describe immunological pathways related to disease activity in adults with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) receiving standard background therapy in a phase II trial.
Retraction Notice to: Exosome-Derived miR-130a Activates Angiogenesis in Gastric Cancer by Targeting C-MYB in Vascular Endothelial Cells
Authors: Haiou Yang, Haiyang Zhang, Shaohua Ge, Tao Ning, Ming Bai, Jialu Li, Shuang Li, Wu Sun, Ting Deng, Le Zhang, Guoguang Ying, Yi Ba
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2022)
Noninvasive Respiratory Strategies and Intubation or Mortality Among Patients With Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure Due to COVID-19
Authors: Xosé L. Pérez-Fernández, MariPaz Fuset-Cabanes, Lluisa Hernández-Platero
Journal: JAMA (2022)

To the Editor We have some comments about the recently published randomized clinical trial1 that demonstrated that continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) could constitute first-line therapy for patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure due to COVID-19.
First Glimpse of Gut Microbiota of Quarantine Insects in China
Authors: Yanxue Yu, Qi Wang, Ping Zhou, Na Lv, Wei Li, Fangqing Zhao, Shuifang Zhu, Di Liu
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2022)

Abstract Quarantine insects are economically important pests that frequently invade new habitats. A rapid and accurate monitoring method to trace the geographical sources of invaders is required for their prevention, detection, and eradication. Current methods based on genetics are typically time-consuming. Here, we developed a novel tracing method based on insect gut microbiota. The source location of the insect gut microbiota can be used to rapidly determine the geographical origin of the insect. We analyzed 179 gut microbiota samples from 591 individuals of 22 quarantine insect species collected from 36 regions in China. The gut microbiota of these insects primarily included Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Cyanobacteria, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Tenericutes. The diversity of the insect gut microbiota was closely associated with geographical and environmental factors. Different insect species could be distinguished based on the composition of gut microbiota at the phylum level. Populations of individual insect species from different regions could be distinguished based on the composition of gut microbiota at the phylum, class, and order levels. A method for determining the geographical origins of invasive insect species has been established; however, its practical application requires further investigations before implementation.
FDG PET/CT in Prostate Metastasis From Gastric Cancer
Authors: Xia Ji, Aisheng Dong
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2022)

Abstract Prostate metastasis from gastric cancer is rare. We report MRI and FDG PET/CT findings in a case with prostate metastasis from gastric cancer. In this case, the prostate metastasis was the first manifestation of the gastric cancer. This case demonstrates the usefulness of FDG PET/CT in identifying the primary gastric cancer and its contribution for an accurate staging. Familiarity with the FDG PET/CT findings of the prostate metastasis may be useful for the differential diagnosis of the hypermetabolic prostate lesions.
Risk of cardiac device-related infection in patients with late-onset bloodstream infection. Analysis on a National Cohort
Authors: Lucía Boix-Palop, Beatriz Dietl, Esther Calbo, Andrea Di Marco, Mariona Xercavins, Pedro María Martínez Pérez-Crespo, Adrián Sousa, Miguel Montejo Baranda, Jesús Rodríguez-Baño, Luis Eduardo López-Cortés
Journal: Journal of Infection (2022)
Annals Graphic Medicine - Dr. Mom: Medical Conference
Authors: Grace E. Farris
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2022)

Web ExclusivesJune 2022Annals Graphic Medicine - Dr. Mom: Medical ConferenceFREEGrace E. Farris, MDGrace E. Farris, MDUniversity of Texas, Austin, Texas (G.E.F.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/G22-0022 SectionsAboutVisual AbstractPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Download figure Download PowerPoint Comments0 CommentsSign In to Submit A Comment Karima KhamisaUniversity of Ottawa25 May 2022 Can relate! Felt this way at a conference recently! Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Texas, Austin, Texas (G.E.F.)Disclosures: Disclosures can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=G22-0020.Author/Illustrator Information: Grace E. Farris, MD, is an assistant professor of medicine at Dell Medical School at the University of Texas in Austin, Texas. You can view her work at her website: www.farrisgrace.com.About Dr. Mom: In Dr. Mom, physician and cartoonist Grace Farris examines work–life balance while mothering and doctoring.This article was published at Annals.org on 24 May 2022. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics June 2022Volume 175, Issue 6Page: W65-W66 ePublished: 24 May 2022 Issue Published: June 2022 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2022 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
An N-glycosylation hotspot in immunoglobulin κ light chains is associated with AL amyloidosis
Authors: Alice Nevone, Maria Girelli, Silvia Mangiacavalli, Bruno Paiva, Paolo Milani, Pasquale Cascino, Maggie Piscitelli, Valentina Speranzini, Claudio Salvatore Cartia, Pietro Benvenuti, Ibai Goicoechea, Francesca Fazio, Marco Basset, Andrea Foli, Martina Nanci, Giulia Mazzini, Serena Caminito, Melania Antonietta Sesta, Simona Casarini, Paola Rognoni, Francesca Lavatelli, Maria Teresa Petrucci, Pier Paolo Olimpieri, Stefano Ricagno, Luca Arcaini, Giampaolo Merlini, Giovanni Palladini, Mario Nuvolone
Journal: Leukemia (2022)
A core group of structurally similar HLA-DPB1 alleles drives permissiveness after hematopoietic cell transplantation
Authors: Esteban Arrieta-Bolaños, Pietro Crivello, Meilun He, Tao Wang, Shahinaz M. Gadalla, Sophie Paczesny, Steven G. E. Marsh, Stephanie J. Lee, Stephen R. Spellman, Yung-Tsi Bolon, Katharina Fleischhauer
Journal: Blood (2022)
Dapagliflozin Safe and Effective for Heart Failure With Frailty
Authors: Anita Slomski
Journal: JAMA (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Disruption of Circadian Rhythms by Shift Work Exacerbates Reperfusion Injury in Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Yichao Zhao, Xiyuan Lu, Fang Wan, Lingchen Gao, Nan Lin, Jie He, Lai Wei, Jianxun Dong, Zihan Qin, Fangyuan Zhong, Zhiqin Qiao, Wei Wang, Heng Ge, Song Ding, Yining Yang, Jiancheng Xiu, Peiren Shan, Fuhua Yan, Shihua Zhao, Yong Ji, Jun Pu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)

Shift work is associated with increased risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and worsened prognosis. However, the mechanisms linking shift work and worsened prognosis in AMI remain unclear. This study sought to investigate the impact of shift work on reperfusion injury, a major determinant of clinical outcomes in AMI. Study patient data were obtained from the database of the EARLY-MYO-CMR (Early Assessment of Myocardial Tissue Characteristics by CMR in STEMI) registry, which was a prospective, multicenter registry of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging after reperfusion therapy. The primary endpoint was CMR-defined post-reperfusion infarct size. A secondary clinical endpoint was the composite of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) during follow-up. Potential mechanisms were explored with the use of preclinical animal AMI models. Of 706 patients enrolled in the EARLY-MYO-CMR registry, 412 patients with STEMI were ultimately included. Shift work was associated with increased CMR-defined infarct size (β = 5.94%; 95% CI: 2.94-8.94; P < 0.0001). During a median follow-up of 5.0 years, shift work was associated with increased risks of MACE (adjusted HR: 1.92; 95% CI: 1.12-3.29; P = 0.017). Consistent with clinical findings, shift work simulation in mice and sheep significantly augmented reperfusion injury in AMI. Mechanism studies identified a novel nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group D member 1/cardiotrophin-like cytokine factor 1 axis in the heart that played a crucial role in mediating the detrimental effects of shift work on myocardial injury. The current study provided novel findings that shift work increases myocardial infarction reperfusion injury. It identified a novel nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group D member 1/cardiotrophin-like cytokine factor 1 axis in the heart that might play a crucial role in mediating this process. (Early Assessment of Myocardial Tissue Characteristics by CMR in STEMI [EARLY-MYO-CMR] registry; NCT03768453)
The Severity of Functional Small Airway Disease in Military Personnel with Constrictive Bronchiolitis as Measured by Quantitative Computed Tomography
Authors: Caroline W. Davis, Camden L. Lopez, Alexander J. Bell, Robert F. Miller, Alexander S. Rabin, Susan Murray, Michael J. Falvo, MeiLan K. Han, Craig J. Galban, John J. Osterholzer
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2022)

"The Severity of Functional Small Airway Disease in Military Personnel with Constrictive Bronchiolitis as Measured by Quantitative Computed Tomography." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 206(6), pp. 786–789
Mucosomes: Intrinsically Mucoadhesive Glycosylated Mucin Nanoparticles as Multi‐Drug Delivery Platform
Authors: Cosmin Butnarasu, Paola Petrini, Francesco Bracotti, Livia Visai, Giuseppe Guagliano, Alessandra Fiorio Pla, Ettore Sansone, Sara Petrillo, Sonja Visentin
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2022)

Mucus is a complex barrier for pharmacological treatments and overcoming it is one of the major challenges faced during transmucosal drug delivery. To tackle this issue, a novel class of glycosylated nanoparticles, named "mucosomes," which are based on the most important protein constituting mucus, the mucin, is introduced. Mucosomes are designed to improve drug absorption and residence time on the mucosal tissues. Mucosomes are produced (150-300 nm), functionalized with glycans, and loaded with the desired drug in a single one-pot synthetic process and, with this method, a wide range of small and macro molecules can be loaded with different physicochemical properties. Various in vitro models are used to test the mucoadhesive properties of mucosomes. The presence of functional glycans is indicated by the interaction with lectins. Mucosomes are proven to be storable at 4 °C after lyophilization, and administration through a nasal spray does not modify the morphology of the mucosomes. In vitro and in vivo tests indicate mucosomes do not induce adverse effects under the investigated conditions. This study proposes mucosomes as a ground-breaking nanosystem that can be applied in several pathological contexts, especially in mucus-related disorders.
Effects of Limiting Recreational Screen Media Use on Physical Activity and Sleep in Families With Children
Authors: Jesper Pedersen, Martin Gillies Banke Rasmussen, Sarah Overgaard Sørensen, Sofie Rath Mortensen, Line Grønholt Olesen, Jan Christian Brønd, Søren Brage, Peter Lund Kristensen, Anders Grøntved
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2022)

Children and adults spend large amounts of their leisure time using screen media, which may affect their health and behavior.To investigate the effect of reducing household recreational screen media use on physical activity and sleep in children and adults.This was a cluster randomized clinical trial with a 2-week follow-up. Enrollment began on June 6, 2019, and ended on March 30, 2021. This study included a population-based sample from 10 Danish municipalities. A total of 89 families (181 children and 164 adults) were recruited based on a population-based survey on screen media habits in families with children. To be eligible, the responding parent had to list self-reported recreational screen use greater than the 40th percentile of recreational screen time use in the source population (>2.4 hours per day). In addition, the parent had to be full-time employed (with no regular night shifts) or enrolled in full-time education.Families were randomly assigned to the screen media reduction intervention (45 families, 86 children, 82 adults) designed to ensure participant compliance to a maximum use of screen media (≤3 hours per week) for a 2-week period. Families randomly assigned to the control group (44 families, 95 children, 82 adults) were instructed to carry on as usual.The primary outcome was between-group difference in leisure nonsedentary activity (in minutes per day) measured by combined thigh and waist accelerometry. Secondary outcomes included other physical activity and sleep parameters measured by single-channel electroencephalography.Among the 89 randomized families (intervention group [45 families]: 86 children; mean [SD] age, 8.6 [2.7] years; 44 boys [51%]; 42 girls [49%]; control group [44 families]: 95 children, mean [SD] age, 9.5 [2.5] years; 38 boys [40%]; 57 girls [60%]), 157 children (87%) had complete data on the primary outcome. Eighty-three children (97%) in the intervention group were compliant to the screen use reduction during the intervention. The mean (SD) change in leisure nonsedentary activity in the intervention group was 44.8 (63.5) minutes per day and in the control group was 1.0 (55.1) minute per day (intention-to-treat between-group mean difference, 45.8 minutes per day; 95% CI, 27.9-63.6 minutes per day; P < .001). No significant between-group mean differences were observed between intervention and control for the electroencephalography-based sleep outcomes.In this cluster randomized clinical trial, a recreational screen media reduction intervention resulted in a substantial increase in children's engagement in physical activity. The large effect size suggests that the high levels of recreational screen media use seen in many children should be a public health concern.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04098913.
TRBC1 expression assessed by flow cytometry as a novel marker of clonality in cutaneous αβ T-cell lymphomas with peripheral blood involvement
Authors: Fernando Martin-Moro, Isaac Martin-Rubio, Jose A. Garcia-Vela
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2022)

The TRBC1 evaluation is a useful, simple, and fast flow cytometry tool for the assessment of αβ T-cell clonality in the blood of patients suspicious of mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome.