tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hiatus Hernia
Authors: Eddy D. Palmer
Journal: JAMA (1975)

DIRECT hiatus hernia creates difficult problems in investigation with distressing regularity. Failure of radiologist, endoscopist, surgeon, and prosector to agree on diagnostic criteria is bad enough, although this matter will be solved, no doubt, by arbitration at some point in the future. A larger problem: how does the clinician make use of the diagnosis, once confidently established, in explaining the patient's symptoms? As in any common and well-publicized anatomic defect, hiatus hernia proves a tempting diagnostic excuse to cover a variety of upper abdominal and anterior chest symptoms. It becomes an overworked catchall for complaints that are not understood. These are well-known matters. Other facets of hiatus hernia behavior, evident to the observant clinician, need to be talked about more. One is the remarkable fact that, in spite of all the regurgitation and other dysrhythmic gastroesophageal activities that accompany uncomplicated hiatus hernia, pulmonary aspiration problems do not occur. Even nocturnal
Head of 1992 AIDS conference outlines many innovations and new participation
Authors: M. F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1992)

FOR THE FIRST time, delegates from many Eastern European countries are expected to be in attendance when the International Conference on AIDS convenes in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, this July. Their presence—and that of numerous other representatives of developing nations—at this eighth gathering of experts on the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome will be crucial to a "creative renewal" of global efforts against the disease, says conference chair Jonathan M. Mann, MD. "In Eastern Europe, the evidence is already clear that the kinds of societal and economic changes that are occurring are leading to an increase in vulnerability to the spread of HIV," Mann said in a recent interview. As millions of people in areas previously closed to outside influence find all sorts of doors flung open, he says, "it is apparent that the increase in injecting drug use and commercial sex work, along with the social
Neck masses and skin lesions in an Oriental
Authors: K. T. Benedict
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Dr. Philip M. Hatfield: The patient is a 29-year-old Oriental man who complained of lumps on both sides of his neck. These were not painful and had been present for at least six weeks. He had difficulty swallowing and had lost an undetermined amount of weight. Multiple, nontender skin lesions had been present on the trunk for many months. Physical examination disclosed large, nontender, fluctuant masses laterally on both sides of the patient's neck, extending to the angle of the mandible on the right. A similar mass was present over the anterior portion of the left side of the chest, and in his right buttock a small sinus tract was noted, from which drained a foul-smelling pus. Firm, 1.5-cm nodules were palpable in both testes. Both lateral lobes of his prostate were enlarged, hard, and nodular. The results of the remainder of physical examination were normal, without other adenopathy. Laboratory
Annual Meeting of the Cell Kinetics Society
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1979)

Journal Article Annual Meeting of the Cell Kinetics Society Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 63, Issue 3, September 1979, Pages 875–876, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/63.3.875-e Published: 01 September 1979
Skin Diseases of Children.
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cancer of the head and neck. General aspects
Authors: P. Rubin
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Cancersd and neck are a model for the mangement of other cancers. The manner in which these lesions are managed reveals the basic philosophies of the oncology services in a hospital; they may weld or disband a multidisciplinary team. Oncology specialties need to be well developed and integrated to provide the best in patient care. Survival results reflect the length of life; however, both the quality and quantity of survival are marks of the cancer therapist. "Cancer of the head and neck" is a misnomer; these cancers could be more accurately named "cancer of the upper respiratory and alimentary passages" since brain tumors and orbit tumors are not included in this term. Nevertheless, historical usage has defined their scope. The perpetuation of the term is justified by emphasizing that the management of the mucosal surfaces in the head often depends on whether there is spread into cervical lymph nodes. The
Letter: Sterility after vasectomy.
Authors: C Bulpitt, C Dollery
Journal: BMJ (1973)

We consider that a self-administered questionnaire can be used to detect depression, although a single direct question such as we asked would not be very sensi- tive.However, it is noteworthy that 29 °/, of the replies to the question were positive.There was no excess of positive replies in patients taking methyldopa compared with patients taking other drugs.Patients who became severely depressed on any treatment regimen would have their treatment altered.These patients, however, represent only a stnall proportion of the patients studied.Drs. R. P. Snaith and M. McCoubrie (personal communication) have given the Wakefield Self-Assessment Depression In- ventory to 134 patients receiving me-thyldopa, and have also failed to demonstrate an increase in depression while taking this drug.-Weare, etc.,
Pediatric Oxycodone
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Advance Directives
Authors: Ezekiel J. Emanuel
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —In recent years, there has been growing interest in using advance directives for health care. Together, the<i>Cruzan</i><sup>1</sup>decision and the enactment of the Patient Self-Determination Act of 1990<sup>2</sup>will greatly expand the use of such documents. However, physicians face problems in implementing advance care documents. The documents are often drafted by lawyers or legislators, and many laws preclude physicians from being proxy decision makers or witnesses to the documents. Further, state-to-state variation in the statutory requirements has created uncertainty among physicians. Patients often fail to bring documents to the attention of their physicians, and, consequently, physicians may not be involved in advance planning. They may be unaware that their patient has an advance care document, and they may not know who is to act as their patient's proxy. All too often physicians are presented with a completed document when it is too late to
Allopurinol (xanthine oxidase inhibitor) in the treatment of resistant gout
Authors: E. C. Bartels
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Allopurinol was given to 24 patients with gout resistant or intolerant to uricosuric drugs; in each case a substantial fall in serum uric acid level resulted. There was a sensitive relationship between the dose of allopurinol and the level of serum uric acid. There was no relationship between the severity of gout or degree of renal disease and the dose of allopurinol required to maintain a satisfactory level of serum uric acid. Response to treatment was satisfactory in all patients except one. Benefit was confirmed by adequate control of hyperuricemia, improvement in well-being, relief of joint pain, increase in joint mobility, decrease in joint swelling, subsidence of recurring attacks of gout, decrease in size of tophi, and reossification of bones. Long-term treatment with allopurinol was found feasible and troublesome recurring gout was not a problem. Colchicine was given simultaneously in only one case; a long-term trial with this combination was not carried out. Allopurinol is indicated in patients who have troublesome gout not responsive to treatment.
Chemoimmunotherapy Improves Survival of Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia,
Authors: Gabriela Ghita, Julio Delgado, Tycho Baumann, Ivan Dlouhy, Marta Aymerich, Dolors Colomer, María Rozman, Neus Villamor, Natalia Creus, Arturo Pereira, Emili Montserrat
Journal: Blood (2011)
Do hospitals in a large metropolitan area utilize published breast cancer care practices and guidelines?
Authors: Christine B. Weldon, Julia Rachel Trosman, Betty Roggenkamp, Danielle Dupuy, William John Gradishar, Melissa A Simon, Anne Marie Murphy
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

1093 Background: Insufficient utilization of guideline and evidence based care practices contribute to the cancer crisis (IOM 2013). We examined utilization of published breast cancer (BC) care practices and guidelines at hospitals in a large metropolitan area. Methods: IRB approved web survey of all 35 hospitals in a large metro area that provide BC treatment. Using guidelines/recommendations (NCCN, NAPBC, ADA, IOM) and peer-reviewed literature (62 studies) we developed a survey on BC care practices. Results analyzed by simple frequencies and Fisher's exact test. Results: Response rate: 91% (32/35 sites). Care practices, included in the table, are utilized by < 50% of sites. Radiation oncologist preoperative consults (53%, 8/15) and offering indicated pre-operative chemo* (67%, 10/15) are associated with 15 sites that have high volume (67+/year, Chen CS 2008) BC surgeons, compared to 17 sites without high volume BC surgeons (12%, 2/17) and (24%, 4/17) respectively, p=0.02, p=0.03. Indicated supportive services, such as a dental checkups (ADA 2008), are more likely at sites with patient-centered written treatment plans (IOM 2011) (58%, 7/12) than at sites without written treatment plans (10%, 2/20), p=0.006. Conclusions: Low utilization of published care practices and guidelines is concerning and requires attention. Other metro areas and regions should be examined as our findings indicate that patients may have limited local choices of care that is up-to-date on published guidelines and practices. Practices Site utilization n=32 Radiation oncologist consult prior to BC conserving surgery BCS (Jagsi R 2012) 33% *Offer pre-operative chemotherapy to patients with large tumors-IIA, IIB and T3N1MO considering BCS (NCCN BINV 10) 48% Reconstructive surgeon consult prior to mastectomy decision (NAPBC 2.18) 33% Fertility/reproductive health assessment (NCCN BINVC AYAO 6) 32% Indicated patients referred for dental checkup (ADA 2008) 28% Patients screened for distress at initial visit, at intervals and at changes in disease status (NCCN DIS A for tool) 29% Patients are screened for pain at each contact (NCCN PAIN A,C) 45% Palliative care screening at care initiation and/or regularly during care (NCCN PAL 1 2) 25%
Circadian Control of Kisspeptin and a Gated GnRH Response Mediate the Preovulatory Luteinizing Hormone Surge
Authors: Wilbur P. Williams, Stephan G. Jarjisian, Jens D. Mikkelsen, Lance J. Kriegsfeld
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2011)

In spontaneously ovulating rodents, the preovulatory LH surge is initiated on the day of proestrus by a timed, stimulatory signal originating from the circadian clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). The present studies explored whether kisspeptin is part of the essential neural circuit linking the SCN to the GnRH system to stimulate ovulation in Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus). Kisspeptin neurons exhibit an estrogen-dependent, daily pattern of cellular activity consistent with a role in the circadian control of the LH surge. The SCN targets kisspeptin neurons via vasopressinergic (AVP), but not vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-ergic, projections. Because AVP administration can stimulate only the LH surge during a restricted time of day, we examined the possibility that the response to AVP is gated at the level of kisspeptin and/or GnRH neurons. Kisspeptin and GnRH activation were assessed after the administration of AVP during the morning (when AVP is incapable of initiating the LH surge) and the afternoon (when AVP injections stimulate the LH surge). Kisspeptin, but not GnRH, cellular activity was up-regulated after morning injections of AVP, suggesting that time-dependent sensitivity to SCN signaling is gated within GnRH but not kisspeptin neurons. In support of this possibility, we found that the GnRH system exhibits pronounced daily changes in sensitivity to kisspeptin stimulation, with maximal sensitivity in the afternoon. Together these studies reveal a novel mechanism of ovulatory control with interactions among the circadian system, kisspeptin signaling, and a GnRH gating mechanism of control.
BIOLOGIC DEMONSTRATION OF ARSENIC.
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Notices
Authors: Seymour Sabesin
Journal: Hepatology (1992)

This conference is cosponsored by the American College of Physicians and Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago.The course will emphasize how basic physiology, biochemistry, pathophysiology and histopathology can be used to assist the physician in understanding, evaluating and treating patients with gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary diseases.The mechanisms of disease will be considered from clinical and pathological perspectives, with emphasis on clinical assessment, differential diagnosis, interpretation and usefulness of gastrointestinal and liver biopsies and the usefulness and cost effectiveness of various radiological imaging techniques, endoscopic procedures and other laboratory tests.
Histoplasmosis: In Vivo Observations on Immunity, Hypersensitivity, and the Effects of Silica and Amphotericin B
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
DIPG-63. RADIATION DNA DAMAGE REPAIR INHIBITION BY GSK-J4 INDUCED CHROMATIN COMPACTION IN DIPG
Authors: Nundia Louis, Xingyao He, Dustin Unruh, Andrea Piunti, Lihua Zou, Patrick Ozark, Xiao Tianc, Vera Gorbunova, Hiroaki Katagi, Daniel Gryzlo, Ali Zhang, Amanda Saratsis, Kathryn Laurie, Rishi Lulla, Jason Fangusaro, Craig Horbinski, Stewart Goldman, C David James, Ali Shilatifard, Rintaro Hashizume
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2018)

Focal radiation therapy remains the only treatment option for diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG). However, all patients show evidence of disease progression within months of completing radiation therapy (RT). Since chemotherapy does not provide significant outcome improvement, it is crucial to find a suitable radiosensitizer. Our research has shown that the JMJD3 demethylase inhibitor, GSK-J4, exerts potent anti-tumor activity on DIPG cells while restoring methylation. We hypothesized that GSK-J4 may inhibit radiation-induced DNA repair, making it a potential radiosensitizer. RNA seq was conducted to analyze gene expression changes by GSK-J4 in DIPG cells. We evaluated DNA damage repair by immunocytochemistry of DSB markers γH2AX and 53BP1 and DNA repair assay. Western blotting and quantitative PCR (qPCR) were conducted to evaluate differential expression of mRNA and proteins involved in DNA DSB repair. In vivo response to radiation monotherapy and combination of RT + GSK-J4 were measured by animal survival studies. RNA seq and qPCR showed that GSK-J4 significantly reduces DNA DSB repair genes in DIPG cells. Immunocytochemistry results support that GSK- J4 sustains high levels of γH2AX and 53BP1 in irradiated DIPG cells, thereby inhibiting DNA DSB repair. DNA repair assay showed that GSK-J4 inhibits DNA damage repair through the homologous recombination pathway. Western blotting revealed that GSK-J4 causes a sustained level of phosphorylated Rad50 and gH2AX in irradiated DIPG cells. In vivo studies revealed increased survival of animals treated with combination therapy compared to monotherapy. These results highlight GSK-J4 as a potential radiosensitizer in DIPG treatment.
Editorial: Numbers, especially lucky ones
Authors: H. H. Hussey
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Ever since men stopped counting objects on their fingers or with sets of pebbles or the like, written numbers have been important in advancing knowledge and causing a certain fascination. Men march by numbers, use them in gambling, play with them in creative delight. Not surprisingly, as with many things that foster special intellectual curiosity, superstitions have surrounded special numbers. For example, 13 emits an air of unluckiness or unease for many persons. Even those who flout triskaidephobia seem superstitious in their own way. In contrast, three is considered a very lucky number except by persons who believe that ills befall in threes or by persons who are involved in what is romantically called the eternal triangle. Although, the origins of the superstitions are unknown, 13 may have a bad odor because of the Scriptures' account of the Last Supper and the events that followed it or because witches "gathered
Arsenic Risk Assessment
Authors: Heather Carlson-Lynch, Barbara D. Beck, Pamela D. Boardman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

We review recent publications by Hopenhayn-Rich et al. and Smith et al. regarding two critical issues in arsenic risk assessment: the role of methylation in the dose-response relationship and the role of internal cancers. Hopenhayn-Rich et al. applied simple linear regression to data from several studies to determine whether the percentage of inorganic arsenic in urine increases with increasing dose. Although their results failed to show a correlation between percent inorganic arsenic and urinary arsenic concentration, their evaluation does not demonstrate the absence of a methylation threshold because of the relatively low level of arsenic in urine and the use of grab samples in evaluating methylating capacity. Using data from an epidemiological study in Taiwan, Smith et al. have indicated that arsenic could be an important risk factor not only for skin cancer (the basis of the current EPA cancer slope factor), but also for several internal cancers including lung, liver, bladder, and kidney. We note the following deficiencies in the analysis of Smith et al: 1) the likely underestimated exposure estimate due to lack of consideration on nonwater sources of arsenic and the underestimate of water consumption, 2) lack of consideration of detoxification in estimating potential risks from low-level exposures typical of the U.S. population, and 3) lack of consideration of key differences, particularly nutritional differences, between the Taiwanese and U.S. populations that could affect potential risks.
Aplastic anemia from veterinary phenylbutazone
Authors: R. Ramsey
Journal: JAMA (1976)

PHENYLBUTAZONE is an effective and widely used anti-inflammatory agent in animals as well as man. We observed a patient in whom fatal aplastic anemia developed after taking phenylbutazone prepared for veterinary use in horses. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 20-year-old professional jockey was admitted to the hospital on Dec 16, 1975, with a two-week history of spontaneous bruising and listlessness. He admitted taking phenylbutazone in the form of crumbled 1-gm horse tablets about 20 times in the previous three years. One month before admission, he took 2 gm of horse phenylbutazone for more than three days for mild but painful injuries sustained in a fall. He was also taking furosemide, 40 mg/day, and occasional cathartics. Results of the physical examination showed pallor and widespread ecchymoses. The blood cell count showed a hemoglobin level of 5.6 gm/100 ml, a white blood cell count of 650/μl (18% neutrophils, 79% lymphocytes, and 3%