tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE PHILOSOPHER OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
PROLONGED SLEEP AND PATRICIA MAGUIRE
Journal: JAMA (1935)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Metabolic Model for Cadmium in Man
Authors: Gunnar F. Nordberg, Tord Kjellstrom
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1979)

A metabolic model for cadmium has been formulated in terms of a flow scheme for cadmium among eight body compartments. The mathematical description of the flow of cadmium between compartments consits of a number of differential equations, and the accumulation of cadmium may thus be calculated. Coeffcients for the flow of cadmium were estimated from empirical data both from animals and man. The modelling serves two main purposes: it provides a means of using present knowledge about metabolism in order to calculate expected accumulation in critical organs and other tissues and body fluids at certain intake levels and it makes it possible to define deficiencies in our present knowledge about metabolism. Data recently collected, partly as a result of considerations related to the model, have confirmed the assumptions of a very long biological half-time in other tissues and the small excretion of cadmium via bile.
ASSAULTS UPON MEDICAL MEN.
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 1917: High-throughput evaluation of treatment response in patient-derived glioma stem cell models
Authors: Ze-yan Zhang, Yingwen Ding, Ravesanker Ezhilarasan, Jie Yang, Lihong Long, Lawrence Bronk, Qianghu Wang, Erik P. Sulman
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Although significant progresses in molecular oncology are being made using conventional cell lines, most therapies still fail in phase III clinical trials. Patient-derived models are being used more frequently as they are more faithfully representing the genomic features of primary tumors. However, one by one test of each model from large biobanks is extremely economy and time consuming. In this study, each of a panel of patient-derived glioblastoma stem cell (GSC) models was uniquely tagged by a lentiviral Cas9D10A and paired-gRNA targetable unique reporter (CAPTURE) barcoding system. Barcoded GSCs were then pooled evenly and following by radiation treatment (RT) in vitro. Amplicon sequencing was employed to count the barcodes distribution, which represent the relative cell number. The results showed that this approach faithfully identified the RT resistant GSCs from a mixing pool when comparing to the results from canonical clonogenic assay. In addition, a fluorescence marker will be switched by delivery of corresponding barcodes targeting CRISPR so that we can re-isolate interested cell models from the treated pool for investigating the treatment sensitivity and resistance mechanism. This study will provide a robust approach for therapeutic discovery take advantage of patient-derived models from large biobanks. Citation Format: Ze-yan Zhang, Yingwen Ding, Ravesanker Ezhilarasan, Jie Yang, Lihong Long, Lawrence Bronk, Qianghu Wang, Erik P. Sulman. High-throughput evaluation of treatment response in patient-derived glioma stem cell models [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1917.
Decline in duodenal ulcer surgery
Authors: M. P. Smith
Journal: JAMA (1977)

The number of perforated duodenal ulcers at five Seattle-area hospitals and all duodenal ulcer operations performed at three Seattle-area hospitals were studied. In the past ten years, a decline of 35% in both perforated duodenal ulcers and all duodenal ulcer surgery indicates a similar decline in the overall incidence of duodenal ulcer. These data are supported by articles in the literature, which report a declining incidence of duodenal ulcer beginning around 1955 and continuing for 20 years. This decline challenges the idea that duodenal ulcer results chiefly from the stresses of urbanization. (<i>JAMA</i>237:987-988, 1977)
A computerized summary medical record system can provide more information than the standard medical record
Authors: Q. E. Whiting-O'Keefe
Journal: JAMA (1985)

We assessed the ability of a computerized outpatient medical record (MR) system, the Summary Time-Oriented Record (STOR), to communicate information to clinicians in two randomized single-blind studies. In the first study, physicians were better able to predict their patients' future symptom changes and laboratory test results from outpatient visits to an arthritis clinic when STOR was added to the standard MR than when the standard MR was used alone. In a separate study, the removal of the standard MR did not result in important decrease in the physicians' ability to predict their patients' symptoms and laboratory test results if they had the option of using the full paper record when they thought they needed it. In 134 (26%) of 514 visits, the physicians exercised this option. We conclude that for outpatient visits, the computerized record system STOR operationally added information to that supplied by the full paper MR. This improved flow of information could improve the clinical decision process. (<i>JAMA</i>1985;254:1185-1192)
Arsenic Alters the Function of the Glucocorticoid Receptor as a Transcription Factor
Authors: Ronald C. Kaltreider, Alisa M. Davis, Jean P. Lariviere, Joshua W. Hamilton
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

Chronic human exposure to nonovertly toxic doses of arsenic is associated with an increased risk of cancer. Although its carcinogenic mechanism is still unknown, arsenic does not directly cause DNA damage or mutations and is therefore thought to act principally as a co-mutagen, co-carcinogen, and/or tumor promoter. Previous studies in our laboratory demonstrated that effects of low-dose arsenic (III) (arsenite) on expression of the hormone-regulated phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) gene were strongly associated with the glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-mediated regulatory pathway. We therefore examined specifically the effects of arsenite on the biochemical function of GR in hormone-responsive H4IIE rat hepatoma cells. Completely noncytotoxic arsenite treatments (0.3-3.3 microM) significantly decreased dexamethasone-induced expression of transiently transfected luciferase constructs containing either an intact hormone-responsive promoter from the mammalian PEPCK gene or two tandem glucocorticoid response elements (GRE). Western blotting and confocal microscopy of a green fluorescent protein-tagged-GR fusion protein demonstrated that arsenite pretreatment did not block the normal dexamethasone-induced nuclear translocation of GR. These data indicate that nontoxic doses of arsenite can interact directly with GR complexes and selectively inhibit GR-mediated transcription, which is associated with altered nuclear function rather than a decrease in hormone-induced GR activation or nuclear translocation.
The Present Position of the Treatment of Simple Fractures of the Limbs. An Address Delivered in Opening a Discussion at the Meeting of the British Medical Association held at Ipswich, August, 1900.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A2.17 Activation of the non-canonical NF-κB pathway in dendritic cells upregulates extrathymic autoimmune regulator (AIRE) expression
Authors: LFA Huitema, B Helder, AR Noort, MC Lebre, L Boon, SW Tas
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> The nuclear factor (NF)-κB family of transcription factors has a key role in the regulation of inflammation. Ligation of CD40 on dendritic cells can induce early production of inflammatory mediators via the canonical NF-κB pathway, as well as late expression of the of the immunoregulatory enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) via non-canonical NF-κB signalling. Non-canonical NF-κB signalling via CD40 is also crucially important for the expression of Autoimmune Regulator (AIRE) in the thymus. AIRE is a transcription factor that is involved in thymic negative selection of autoreactive T cells and therefore is pivotal in the establishment of central tolerance. We have recently found extrathymic AIRE-expressing cells (eTACs) that may play a role in peripheral tolerance in rheumatoid arthritis synovial tissue and glandular tissue from Sjogren's syndrome patients. eTACs are mainly antigen presenting cells, including DC, that can inactivate peripheral T cell responses. However, until now the stimuli that can induce extrathymic AIRE expression in DC are largely unknown. <h3>Objective</h3> To study whether activation of the non-canonical NF-κB pathway stimulates AIRE expression in human monocyte-derived DC. <h3>Methods</h3> Monocyte-derived DC were generated by culturing healthy donor monocytes for 6 days with GM-CSF and IL-4. Maturation was induced by addition of LPS or the non-canonical NF-κB stimuli such as lymphotoxin, LIGHT, RANKL or anti-CD40 for 48 h. <i>AIRE</i> and <i>IDO </i>expression was quantified by qPCR and cleavage of p100 into p52 was analysed by Western blot. Presence of AIRE protein was analysed by Western blot and immunofluorescence staining. <h3>Results</h3> Anti-CD40 and RANKL stimulation of DC resulted in cleavage of p100 into p52, upregulation of <i>AIRE</i> RNA and AIRE protein. Confocal microscopy revealed that AIRE protein was localised in the nucleus. Interestingly, this was accompanied by increased expression of the <i>IDO</i> in these cells. <h3>Conclusion</h3> CD40 and RANKL stimulation in DC activates the non-canonical NF-κB pathway and simultaneously upregulates <i>AIRE</i> and <i>IDO</i> expression. The functional significance of peripheral AIRE expression in DC requires further investigation, but it may be associated with immunoregulatory properties. Eventually, this knowledge may be exploited to develop new treatment modalities for patients with autoimmune diseases, including DC-based therapies.
Cardiomyoplasty.
Authors: R W Millner, J R Pepper
Journal: BMJ (1991)

with guidelines.A joint report from two BMA committees has suggested a similar committee for each health district with legal authority to act on behalf of mentally incapacitated adults.4Decisions on minor treatment would be left to doctors and carers.The existing guardianship framework could be reformed to allow a guardian to consent to medical treatment provided the patient did not object.A more radical solution, increasingly popular in other countries, is a more flexible guardianship scheme, based on a court or tribunal.The new institution might have the power to deal with legal and financial, as well as personal, affairs, replacing the Court of Protection.Present laws pose other difficulties for mentally handicapped people and their carers, as Gunn points out in a new edition of Sex and the Law, a guide for care staff.5 Laws designed to protect the mentally impaired from exploitation may make it difficult for them to fulfil their sexual needs and engage in non-exploitive sexual relationships.For instance, care staff who help couples to have sexual intercourse could face prosecution for aiding and abetting a criminal offence.Perhaps this is something the Law Commission could take on board as well.
Breast-feeding lauded by pediatricians
Authors: M. Annexton
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Is mother's milk the optimum in human infant nutrition? Emphatically yes, according to a joint statement recently issued by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and the Canadian Paediatric Society (CPS). The two main advantages of breast-feeding, according to the statement, are the transmission of maternal immunity and the reinforcement of "bonding," which is considered necessary for the emotional nurturing of the infant. "There is increasing evidence that a newborn infant can acquire certain important elements of host resistance from breast milk while maturation of his own immune system is taking place. The human breast secretes antibodies to some intestinal microorganisms and this may help protect breast-fed infants from enteric infection," the joint statement declares. "Recent observation has established the presence of an enteromammary system by which enteric antigenstimulated mucosal plasma cells in the mother migrate to breast tissue where they secrete antibodies or are [themselves] secreted directly into breast
Caring for the poor and professional liability. Is there a need for tort reform?
Authors: J. Glasson
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Over the years, our understanding of medical malpractice has been plagued by a number of myths, many of which have been exposed by a remarkable series of reports from two groups.<sup>1-3</sup>As a result of these reports, and contrary to popular belief, we know that adverse events due to negligent practice rarely result in a lawsuit (only 2% of such events lead to malpractice claims),<sup>1</sup>juries are not systematically biased against physicians (malpractice defendants win more than two thirds of cases, a better record than defendants in other kinds of personal injury cases),<sup>2,4</sup>and juries decide cases on the basis of the physician's quality of care rather than the patient's severity of injury.<sup>2</sup> See also p 1697. In this issue, Burstin et al<sup>3</sup>expose another persistent myth about medical malpractice. It is commonly believed that poor patients are more likely than wealthier patients to bring
发育不良痣的手术切除与观察对比
Authors: K.T. Vuong, J. Walker, H.B. Powell, N.E. Thomas, D.E. Jonas, A.S. Adamson
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2018)

病理学家(即研究疾病的病因和影响的医生)会在显微镜下观察皮肤样本,以便检查被称为组织学结构发育不良痣(HDN)的皮肤异常痣是否为癌症。HDN存在于2‐10%的白皮肤人群中,可能与黑色素瘤(一种可能致死的皮肤癌)类似。不过,医生对于黑色素瘤是否由HDN直接发展而成存在分歧。因此,某些医生建议在活检后切除更多皮肤,以确保HDN完全切除。最近的一项研究表明,简单观察HDN活检可能是替代手术切除的安全之选。本项研究在美国的北卡罗莱纳大学开展,旨在调查过去开展的研究,以便了解手术切除HDN或仅由专家观察HDN的患者患上黑色素瘤的频率。作者找到了12项研究,涵盖超过2,600名接受观察或切除HDN的患者。观察组和切除组发展为黑色素瘤的比率都很低,分别为0.39%和0.44%。作者由此得出结论,大多数HDN观察结果良好,HDN活检部位发展为黑色素瘤的风险很低。但是,由于评审的证据质量较低,因此仍需要更多研究为医生决策提供指导。
Can Homeopaths Detect Homeopathic Medicines by Dowsing? A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: R McCarney, P Fisher, F Spink, G Flint, R van Haselen
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2002)

Dowsing is a method of problem-solving that uses a motor automatism, amplified through a pendulum or similar device. In a homeopathic context, it is used as an aid to prescribing and as a tool to identify miasm or toxin load. A randomized double-blind trial was conducted to determine whether six dowsing homeopaths were able to distinguish between Bryonia in a 12c potency and placebo by use of dowsing alone. The homeopathic medicine Bryonia was correctly identified in 48.1% of bottle pairs (n=156; 95% confidence interval 40.2%, 56.0%; P=0.689). These results, wholly negative, add to doubts whether dowsing in this context can yield objective information.
A Public Health Context for Residual Risk Assessment and Risk Management under the Clean Air Act
Authors: Gail Charnley, Bernard D. Goldstein
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

The 1990 amendments to the Clean Air Act required the EPA to institute new pollution control technology requirements for industrial sources of air pollution. In part because agreement could not be reached on the best way for the EPA to determine whether any significant risks to human health will remain after the technology controls are in place, the amendments also created a Commission on Risk Assessment and Risk Management and gave the commission a broad mandate to review and make recommendations concerning risk assessment and risk management in federal regulatory programs. In its March 1997 final report to Congress and the administration, the commission recommended a tiered approach to assessing such residual risks. That approach included the idea that when decisions about managing residual risks are made, emissions should be evaluated in the context of other sources of air pollution. Evaluating risks in their larger contexts is consistent with what the commission called a public health approach to environmental risk management. This paper describes the public health approach and how it applies to evaluating residual risks under the Clean Air Act.
Hereditary Fructose Intolerance: Inborn Defect of Hepatic Fructose-1-Phosphate Splitting Aldolase
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cutaneous form of bovine papular stomatitis in man
Authors: K. F. Bowman
Journal: JAMA (1981)

A cutaneous form of bovine papular stomatitis (BPS) infection was diagnosed in eight persons at the School of Veterinary Medicine at Auburn University, Auburn, Ala. The initial outbreak occurred in five persons who were involved in the care of a bull that required manual placement of an oral feeding tube. Confirmation of diagnosis was based on clinical findings, cytopathological effects in tissue culture, and isolation of typical paravaccinia virus particles in tissue culture. Transmission studies were performed successfully in three normal calves using tissue culture prepared from human biopsy material. In man, the cutaneous form of BPS infection shows gross lesions similar to the cutaneous form of contagious ecthyma ("orf") or pseudocowpox ("milkers' nodules") infection. Because BPS in cattle occurs most often without evidence of readily observable lesions, unlike contagious ecthyma in sheep or pseudocowpox in cattle, the transmission of BPS to man in the cutaneous form could occur without apparent source. The mild clinical manifestations make the condition relatively minor; however, the occasional case may have more severe lesions. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;246:2813-2818)