tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Encephalopathy Following Jejunoileostomy
Authors: Albert J. Finestone
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In the article "Encephalopathy Following Jejunoileostomy" by Ayub et al (1981;246:970), the mechanism of the neurological syndrome was not clear. However, they stated, "As in hepatic coma, a substance or factor originating in the shortened intestine, in the colon, or in the bypassed intestine may alter cerebral function in these individuals." They also noted that this alteration occurred in the presence of apparently normal hepatic function. Their description of the syndrome is suggestive of hepatic encephalopathy.<sup>1</sup>This is further supported by the fact that encephalopathy was responsive to broad-spectrum antibiotics, intravenous administration of dextrose water, or both, in their patients. Naturally, their patients did not receive a protein diet during this period. Unfortunately, many of their patients did not have liver biopsies or measurements of arterial blood ammonia, and none of them underwent the radiographic study of the portal venous system. Interestingly, reanastomosis in patients 5
Cell Proliferation Kinetics in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Man. IV. Cell Renewal in the Intestinalized Gastric Mucosa&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Sidney J. Winawer, Martin Lipkin
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1969)

The proliferation of intestinal and gastric cells in atrophic intestinalized gastric mucosa adjacent to a gastric carcinoma was studied. Measurements were made after injection of thymidine-methyl-3H (3H-TDR) and preparation of microautoradiographs from the patient's mucosal biopsy specimens. Gastric mucous cells and intestinal principal, goblet, and Paneth cells incorporated 3H-TDR into DNA and entered into mitosis. Cell-cycle-phase durations were similar to those of normal gastric and intestinal cells of man. Maturing gastric and intestinal cells also continued to synthesize DNA, as they migrated to the luminal surface of the gastric mucosa.
Digoxin Serum Half-Life Following Suicidal Digoxin Poisoning
Authors: John D. Hobson
Journal: JAMA (1973)

An overdose of digoxin was documented in two suicidal patients by a radioimmunoassay method. One patient survived despite a serum digoxin level of 20 ng/ml. In the other patient, who died shortly after admission, the serum digoxin level was 25 ng/ml. Sequential serum digoxin levels in the surviving patient indicated a serum digoxin half-life of 15 hours. This short half-life may be due to the large amount of unbound digoxin in the serum and tissues. The usual means of removing ingested toxins from the stomach should be applied with caution in a digoxin-toxic patient because of the hazards of increased vagal activity and high degrees of heart block.
Copying letters to patients
Authors: D. Jelley
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Concerns of clinicians and patients need to be addressed firstEditor-Chantler and Johnson suggested that patients should receive copies of letters and summaries. 1We have researched this subject in our practice since 1998. 2 Our experience of copying referral letters received such a positive response from patients that we have been doing this routinely for the past year and a half.In a recent postal survey of 300 patients who had received copies of letters, 229 replied (response rate 76%), 220 (97%) of them saying that they would like to receive copies in future.Most of the respondents (184, 80%) believed that this should become routine NHS policy and should receive priority funding.Few concerns were raised about understanding the letters, and patients did not report increased anxiety; rather, they were reassured that their problem was being dealt with and they could understand why they were being referred.Copying letters has not notably increased workload for doctors in our practice in terms of extra consulting time with patients, but financial costs are incurred in additional administrative time, stationery, and postage.We therefore broadly agree with Chantler and Johnson's argument that this is a policy that, if adequately funded, should be implemented forthwith.We have, however, also just completed a series of interviews with a random sample of local general practitioners, all of whom raised some important concerns.They worry about how to write letters that are both comprehensible for patients and informative for professional colleagues, and how to avoid anxiety in patients when writing about tentative but potentially serious differential diagnoses.
Induction of Tumor Immunity in Mice With Antigens Prepared From Influenza and Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Grown in Suspension Culture of Ehrlich Ascites Cells&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Ilkka Häkkinen, Pekka Halonen
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1971)

Mice immunized once with antigens prepared from influenza A0 and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) grown in suspension culture of Ehrlich ascites (EA) cells were resistant to intraperitoneal challenge with 100,000 EA cells, whereas the unimmunized controls invariably died after inoculation with 1000 EA cells. When small doses of unconcentrated virus were used as immunizing antigens, formaldehyde-inactivated influenza virus and ultraviolet-light-inactivated VSV induced immunity against a challenge with 100,000 EA cells in each animal immunized, but a tumor growth was observed in some animals immunized with the same dose of live virus. The immunogenicity of the antigens was not clearly correlated with the hemagglutinating activity of the preparations, and in two experiments the antigens concentrated by ultracentrifugation induced less tumor immunity than the unconcentrated preparations. The same VSV strain, but grown in BHK-21 cells, induced no tumor immunity and, with sonically treated EA cells without virus, only marginal immunity developed. Attempts to immunize mice with inactivated virus at the same time as, or after, inoculation of 100,000 EA cells failed to protect the animals from tumor growth.
Chickenpox pneumonia: an association with pregnancy.
Authors: T F Esmonde, G Herdman, G Anderson
Journal: Thorax (1989)

Three pregnant patients with chickenpox pneumonia are described. A review of reports published since 1965 together with these cases shows that 28 of the 46 women (61%) were pregnant, and 21 were in the last trimester. Although the disease is more common and more severe in pregnancy, the proportion of deaths was no greater than usual. In this retrospective analysis there was no evidence that treatment with acyclovir conferred benefit but this may have reflected its use only in very ill patients.
Awards, Appointments, Announcements
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1993)

Journal Article Awards, Appointments, Announcements Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 85, Issue 22, 17 November 1993, Pages 1804–1806, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/85.22.1804-a Published: 17 November 1993
The Frustrations of Treating Herpes Simplex Virus Infections of the Central Nervous System
Authors: Richard J. Whitley
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Significant advances have been achieved in the therapy for and diagnosis of life-threatening human herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections. Following documentation in both controlled and open studies<sup>1,2</sup>that vidarabine therapy decreased mortality and improved morbidity for patients with biopsy-proved herpes simplex encephalitis, improved outcome was achieved with acyclovir therapy.<sup>3,4</sup>The controlled studies that com See also pp 1051,1054, and 1056. pared acyclovir therapy with vidarabine therapy for herpes simplex encephalitis showed a decrease in mortality to nearly 20% six months after the onset of disease and a return to normal function in approximately 50% of survivors. Therapy for life-threatening neonatal HSV infections, namely, encephalitis and dissemination, has been more complicated. Vidarabine therapy for these forms of neonatal herpes simplex decreases mortality and improves morbidity; however, many patients are left with significant neurological impairment.<sup>5,6</sup>Babies with neonatal HSV infection are currently being followed up to assess school performance,
Relationship of Age to Prevalence of Focal Acinar Cell Dysplasia in the Human Pancreas&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Daniel S. Longnecker, Yoshle Hashlda, Hisashi Shinozuka
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1980)

The prevalence of focal dysplastic lesions of acinar cells in the pancreata of autopsied children and adults was compared. The lesions were recognized in sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin because acinar cells forming islet-sized foci or larger nodules contained one or more of the following cytologic abnormalities: reduced cytoplasmic basophilia. reduced cytoplasm, reduced zymogen, cytoplasmic vacuoles. or nuclear abnormalities. Lesions were found in only 1 patient (age, 7 yr) of 170 patients whose ages ranged from birth to 9 years. whereas 7 of 49 patients 10–19 years old had focal acinar cell dysplasia. The prevalence of such lesions among adults was comparable to that encountered in individuals during the second decade of life and distinctly higher than that found among children during the first decade. Six of the 8 children in whom dysplastic acinar cell foci were found had cancers in other tissues that had been treated by chemotherapy. The data are consistent with the interpretation that dysplastic acinar cell lesions in the pancreas are acquired.
Current Medical literature.
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Telemedicine
Authors: B Pal, I H Kunkler, P Rafferty, D M Hill, M. Henry, D Foreman
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Doctors should work towards elimination of all firearms and knivesEditor-With the publication of the Cullen report into the shooting of several children at a school in Scotland 1 and the cross party support in parliament to increase the controls on handguns, the moment is ripe for the medical profession to pursue a new health campaign.Over the past three or four decades the profession has had some success in raising public awareness of the risks of cigarette smoking and through that, probably, in saving lives.The reduction of the suicide rate is an objective of the Health of the Nation for England, yet suicide rates are still rising among young men. 2 Homicide is a major political issue.Weapons, especially firearms and knives, contribute to both these forms of premature death.Elimination of all firearms and knives that are surplus to domestic and industrial requirements would not solve either problem entirely, but it would make an important contribution.We believe that the profession, through the BMA and one or two royal colleges (particularly the Royal College of Psychiatrists), could develop policies about weapons control.The prime minister has already indicated that he would introduce controls on knives if a workable definition for the surplus ones was drawn up.
Massive Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding After Small-Bowel Bypass
Authors: John C. Key
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In the 20 years the small-bowel bypass has been used in the treatment of morbid obesity, many complications have been encountered.<sup>1,2</sup>The recent management of a case of massive lower gastrointestinal bleeding represents another problem. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 30-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of rectal bleeding. Eighteen months before admission she had undergone a bypass for obesity, consisting of an end-to-end anastomosis of 30-cm jejunum to 15-cm terminal ileum, with the bypassed ileal segment drained into the proximal transverse colon. After surgery she had successfully lost 53 kg. Four months before admission, she experienced rectal bleeding and orthostatic hypotension requiring six units of whole blood. A complete gastrointestinal evaluation at that time yielded normal results. She did well until five days before admission, when she again showed development of gross rectal bleeding and syncope on standing. This continued for more than
Endoscopy International Open – recently published
Journal: Endoscopy (2016)

See also: Chromoendoscopy in combination with random biopsies does not improve detection of gastric cancer foci in CDH1 mutation positive patientsEndosc Int Open eFirstDOI: 10.1055/s-0042-112582 See also: Endoscopic management of bleeding gastric varices with N-butyl, 2-cyanoacrylate glue injection in children with non-cirrhotic portal hypertensionEndosc Int Open 2016; 04(10): E1063-E1067DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-114981 See also: “Hold-and-drag” closure technique using repositionable clips for large mucosal defects after colonic endoscopic submucosal dissectionEndosc Int Open 2016; 04(10): E1068-E1072DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-112126
Treatment of detainees in South Africa
Authors: J. Dommisse
Journal: BMJ (1983)

20 30 4O 50 60 70 Time (months) FIG 2-Survival curves from the British (MRC working party (ref 1)) and American (Nocturnal Oxygen Therapy Trial Group (ref 12)) trials for men under the age of 70 receiving oxygen for more than 19 hours (COT), 12 hours (NOT), or 15 hours (MRC 02) in the 24 hour day or not receiving oxygen (MRC controls).I thank Dr T L Petty for providing this data from the NOTT study.indicate that this treatment is worth considering for such carefully selected patients.Research efforts should now be directed to how to provide this treatment most economically and at most convenience to the patients, and how to improve selection of those most likely to benefit.'3I submit that this treatment is indeed based on sound scientific considerations and that the economic case may be best considered in light of existing expenditure on home oxygen treatment, where, I suspect, current clinical practice is much more in need of critical appraisal.
In Search of America's Best Hospitals
Authors: Jesse Green
Journal: JAMA (1997)

"America's Best Hospitals," by<i>US News &amp; World Report</i>, is a sophisticated and influential appraisal of hospital care. Using measures of health care structure, process, and outcome, the report identifies outstanding hospitals in 16 medical specialties through an overall "index of hospital quality." This strong conceptual design, however, has not been adequately implemented because national data sources for all 3 components are severely limited. Most importantly, since there are no national data on process of care, a reputation survey has been used to measure this component of quality. One consequence of reliance on reputation is that a small group of prominent hospitals in each specialty receives such high scores that they automatically rise to the top of the rankings, regardless of structure or outcome score. "America's Best Hospitals" identifies America's best regarded hospitals, but provides limited additional insight into quality. Adequate surveillance and protection of quality in an era of managed care requires measurement systems beyond the scope of existing data and methods.
HIV Prevalence Data Mount, Patterns Seen Emerging by End of This Year
Authors: Marsha F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1988)

HOW DEEP an incursion has human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) made into the population of the United States? Are 1.5 million (estimated) seropositive persons really infected now and likely sooner or later to come down with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)? Could the actual number be much lower—or much higher? The Centers for Disease Control (CDC), Atlanta, is trying to answer these tough questions. Next month, a study that may point the way toward getting part of the answer will begin in a medium-sized city in the mid-Atlantic states. Gary Noble, MD, the CDC's deputy director for AIDS, says the way is being carefully prepared for this initial pilot study, which aims to gather from 300 to 500 households information that will help determine the feasibility of conducting a full-scale National Household Seroprevalence Survey. <h3>Early Setback</h3> This blood sample and interview survey, planned to be an important part of the Comprehensive Family
Fraud
Authors: L. Breimer, L. Brown, A. Skinner, A. Gani, H. Hillman, J. Rymer
Journal: BMJ (1998)

<h3>BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:</h3> The relationship between lesion formation and brain atrophy development in the early phase of multiple sclerosis is unclear. We investigated the association between new lesion accumulation and brain atrophy progression in patients with clinically isolated syndrome over 48 months. <h3>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</h3> Patients with clinically isolated syndrome (<i>n</i> = 210) were evaluated with 1.5T MR imaging at baseline and at 6, 12, 24, 36, and 48 months as part of a multicenter observational study of early administration of intramuscular interferon β-1a. Mixed-effect model analyses, adjusted for age, sex, and treatment status, investigated the association between accumulation of contrast-enhancing and T2 lesions and brain-volume percent changes in a 48-month period. <h3>RESULTS:</h3> In patients with clinically isolated syndrome, the average whole-brain volume decreased 2.5%, the mean lateral ventricle volume increased 16.9%, and a mean of 7.7 new/enlarging T2 lesions accumulated over the follow-up period. Patients with clinically isolated syndrome who showed greater percentages of change in whole-brain, white and gray matter, cortical, and lateral ventricle volumes over the follow-up period had more severe lesion outcomes at baseline (all <i>P</i> &lt; .007). There were significant associations between decreased individual brain-volume measures at baseline and greater percentages of change during follow-up (<i>P</i> &lt; .05). We found a significant association between the total cumulative number of new/enlarging T2 lesions and the evolution of whole-brain (<i>P</i> &lt; .001), lateral ventricle (<i>P</i> = .007), gray matter and thalamic (<i>P</i> = .013), subcortical deep gray matter (<i>P</i> = .015), and cortical (<i>P</i> = .036) volumes over the follow-up period. <h3>CONCLUSIONS:</h3> Lesion accumulation and brain-volume changes occur simultaneously in the early phase of clinically isolated syndrome. More severe lesion and brain-volume outcomes at baseline were associated with greater development of brain atrophy over the follow-up period in patients with clinically isolated syndrome.
RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS CELLS
Authors: GILBERT B. BLUHM
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

Letters and Comments1 August 1969RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS CELLSGILBERT B. BLUHM, M.D.GILBERT B. BLUHM, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-71-2-432 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor:It was a surprise to read the erroneous reference to "rheumatoid arthritis cells" in the recent article entitled, "Rheumatoid Arthritis Terminating in Heavy-Chain Disease" by Zawadzki, Benedek, Ein, and Easton (Ann. Intern. Med. 70: 335, 1969). I specifically refer to the comments in Figure 3 on p. 338. They state: "Rheumatoid arthritis cells, that is, granulocytes with inclusion bodies in synovial fluid." The phase-microscopy photograph shows the morphological appearance of an exudative leukocyte with a vacuolated (inclusion-bearing) cytoplasm. There is nothing at all characteristic of the morphological appearance of these exudative leukocytes to distinguish them as "RA...References1. RIDDLE JM, BLUHM GB, and BARNHART MI: Interrelationships between fibrin, neutrophils, and rheumatoid synovitis. J. Reticuloendothel. Soc. 2: 420, 1965. MedlineGoogle Scholar2. HOLLANDER JL, MCCARTY DJ, ASTORGA G, and CASTRO-MURILLO E: Studies on the pathogenesis of rheumatoid joint inflammation. I. The "RA cell" and a working hypothesis. Ann. Intern. Med. 62: 271, 1965. LinkGoogle Scholar3. BARNHART MI, RIDDLE JM, and BLUHM GB: Immunocytology in arthritic joints. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 26: 281, 1967. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar1. BARNHART MJ, RIDDLE JM, and BLUHM GB: Immunocytology in arthritic joints. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 26: 281, 1967. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. SONES DA, MCDUFFIE FC, and HUNDER GG: The clinical significance of the RA cell. Arthritis Rheum. 11: 400, 1968. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. HOLLANDER JL, MCCARTY DJ, ASTORGA G, and CASTRO-MURILLO E: Studies on the pathogenesis of rheumatoid joint inflammation. The "RA" cell and a working hypothesis. Ann. Intern. Med. 62: 271, 1965. LinkGoogle Scholar4. ASTORGA G and BOLLET AJ: Diagnostic specificity and possible pathogenetic significance of inclusions in synovial leukocytes. Arthritis Rheum. 8: 511, 1965. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. HEMMER P and GAMP A: Ragozyten in der Synovia bei Arthritiden und Arthrosen: Klinische Beobachtungen. Z. Rheumaforsch. 27: 261, 1968. MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: GILBERT B. BLUHM, M.D.Affiliations: Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine Henry Ford Hospital Detroit, Mich. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 August 1969Volume 71, Issue 2Page: 432-433KeywordsBody fluidsCellsCytoplasmGranulocytesRheumatoid arthritisSynovial fluid ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1969 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abortion Restrictions
Authors: Brian Vastag
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal