tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Internal Dosimetry of 18F-PSMA-1007 and 68Ga-PSMA-11-HBED-CC
Authors: Priya Sharma, Ankit Watts, Harmandeep Singh
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2022)

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common cancer in men worldwide. Targeting prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) using radiopharmaceuticals has shown promising results for PCa imaging as well as theranostics. 68 Ga-based PSMA imaging is limited by production of small quantities by generator, and it has led to quest for cyclotron produced 18 F-based PSMA ligands. In the current study, we evaluated the biodistribution and internal dosimetry of 18 F-PSMA-1007 and compared it with 68 Ga-PSMA-11-HBED-CC.A total of 8 patients with histopathologically proven PCa were included in the study, of whom 4 patients underwent 18 F-PSMA-1007, and the other 4 patients underwent 68 Ga-PSMA-11-HBED-CC PET/CT. The biodistribution of both tracers was quantified for different organs by computing SUVs. All the patients underwent 5-point serial imaging to compute equivalent dose to essential organs and whole-body effective dose using OLINDA-based dosimetry.The radiotracer uptake in brain, lacrimal gland, salivary gland, heart, lung, liver, gallbladder, spleen, pancreas, intestine, gluteal muscle, and bone marrow were found to be higher in 18 F-PSMA-1007 PET as compared with 68 Ga PSMA-11 PET. Kidney and urinary bladder showed higher SUV value on 68 Ga-PSMA-11-HBED-CC as compared with 18 F-PSMA-1007.The whole-body effective dose from 18 F-PSMA-1007 (1.46E-02 mSv/MBq) was higher than 68 Ga-PSMA-11-HBED-CC (1.03E-02 mSv/MBq). The highest mean equivalent dose from 18 F-PSMA-1007 was observed in the kidneys (1.48E-01 mGy/MBq), followed by spleen (mean, 1.06E-01 mGy/MBq) and liver (6.80E-02 mGy/MBq), whereas 68 Ga-PSMA-11-HBED-CC equivalent dose was maximum in the kidneys (2.13E-01 mGy/MBq), followed by liver (3.03E-02 mGy/MBq), spleen (2.90E-02 mGy/MBq), adrenals (2.67E-02 mGy/MBq), and urinary bladder (1.89E-02 mGy/MBq).Whole-body effective dose from 18 F-PSMA-1007 is higher compared with 68 Ga-PSMA-11-HBED-CC. 18 F-PSMA-1007 shows lesser urinary bladder clearance compared with 68 Ga-PSMA-11-HBED-CC, which can allow better interpretation of prostatic bed without significant radioactive urine interference. 18 F-PSMA-1007 is a cyclotron-produced alternative to generator-produced 68 Ga-PSMA-11-HBED-CC and can emerge as a good diagnostic surrogate for patients planned for 177 Lu-PSMA-617 therapy.
Nine actions to successfully restore tropical agroecosystems
Authors: Michael David Pashkevich, Francisco d’Albertas, Anak Agung Ketut Aryawan, Damayanti Buchori, Jean-Pierre Caliman, Adrian David González Chaves, Purnama Hidayat, Holger Kreft, Mohammad Naim, Appolinaire Razafimahatratra, Edgar Clive Turner, Delphine Clara Zemp, Sarah Helen Luke
Journal: Trends in Ecology & Evolution (2022)

Well-designed approaches to ecological restoration can benefit nature and society. This is particularly the case in tropical agroecosystems, where restoration can provide substantial socioecological benefits at relatively low costs. To successfully restore tropical agroecosystems and maximise benefits, initiatives must begin by considering 'who' should be involved in and benefit from restoration, and 'what', 'where', and 'how' restoration should occur. Based on collective experience of restoring tropical agroecosystems worldwide, we present nine actions to guide future restoration of these systems, supported by case studies that demonstrate our actions being used successfully in practice and highlighting cases where poorly designed restoration has been damaging. We call for increased restoration activity in tropical agroecosystems during the current UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration.
Head-to-head comparison between MEFIB, MAST, and FAST for detecting stage 2 fibrosis or higher among patients with NAFLD
Authors: Beom Kyung Kim, Nobuharu Tamaki, Kento Imajo, Masato Yoneda, Nancy Sutter, Jinho Jung, Tuo Lin, Xin M. Tu, Jaclyn Bergstrom, Khang Nguyen, Leyna Nguyen, Tracy Le, Egbert Madamba, Lisa Richards, Mark A. Valasek, Cynthia Behling, Claude B. Sirlin, Atsushi Nakajima, Rohit Loomba
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2022)
Bulevirtide monotherapy for 48 weeks in patients with HDV-related compensated cirrhosis and clinically significant portal hypertension
Authors: Elisabetta Degasperi, Maria Paola Anolli, Sara Colonia Uceda Renteria, Dana Sambarino, Marta Borghi, Riccardo Perbellini, Caroline Scholtes, Floriana Facchetti, Alessandro Loglio, Sara Monico, Mirella Fraquelli, Andrea Costantino, Ferruccio Ceriotti, Fabien Zoulim, Pietro Lampertico
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2022)
Methodology in mammalian genetics.
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A feasibility study comparing gel immersion endoscopic resection and underwater endoscopic mucosal resection for superficial nonampullary duodenal epithelial tumors
Authors: Akihiro Miyakawa, Toshio Kuwai, Yukie Sakuma, Manabu Kubota, Akira Nakamura, Ei Itobayashi, Haruhisa Shimura, Yoshio Suzuki, Kenji Shimura
Journal: Endoscopy (2022)

Although gel immersion endoscopic resection (GIER) is a potential alternative to underwater endoscopic mucosal resection (UEMR) for superficial nonampullary duodenal epithelial tumors (SNADETs), comparisons between the two are currently insufficient.40 consecutive procedures performed in 35 patients were retrospectively reviewed; the primary outcome was procedure time, and the secondary outcomes were en bloc and R0 resection rates, tumor and specimen size, and adverse events.Lesions were divided into GIER (n = 22) and UEMR groups (n = 18). The median (range) procedure time was significantly shorter in the GIER group than in the UEMR group (2.75 [1-3.5] minutes vs. 3 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 minutes; P = 0.01). The en bloc resection rate was 100 % in the GIER group, but only 83.3 % in the UEMR group. The R0 resection rate was significantly higher in the GIER group than in the UEMR group (95.5 % vs. 66.7 %; P = 0.03). The median specimen size was larger in the GIER group than in the UEMR group (14 mm vs. 7.5 mm; P < 0.001). The tumor size was not significantly different between the groups and no adverse events were observed.GIER is efficacious and safe to treat SNADETs, although additional studies are needed.
How Would You Treat This Patient With Pulmonary Embolism?
Authors: Zahir Kanjee, Jason A. Freed, Brett J. Carroll, Eileen E. Reynolds
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2022)

Pulmonary embolism can be acutely life-threatening and is associated with long-term consequences such as recurrent venous thromboembolism and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. In 2020, the American Society of Hematology published updated guidelines on the management of patients with venous thromboembolism. Here, a hematologist and a cardiology and vascular medicine specialist discuss these guidelines in the context of the care of a patient with pulmonary embolism. They discuss advanced therapies such as catheter-directed thrombolysis in the short-term management of patients with intermediate-risk disease, recurrence risk stratification at presentation, and ideal antithrombotic regimens for patients whose pulmonary embolism was associated with a transient minor risk factor.
Annals Graphic Medicine - Dive
Authors: Jennifer Wineke
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2022)

Web ExclusivesAugust 2022Annals Graphic Medicine - DiveFREEJennifer Wineke, MD, MBEJennifer Wineke, MD, MBEUniversity of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland (J.W.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/G21-0066 SectionsAboutVisual AbstractPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Comments0 CommentsSign In to Submit A Comment Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland (J.W.)Disclosures: The author has reported no disclosures of interest. The form can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=G21-0066.Author/Illustrator Information: Jennifer Wineke, MD, MBE, is a second-year psychiatry resident at the University of Maryland/Sheppard Pratt Residency program in Baltimore, Maryland. You can view her work at jenwineke.com (e-mail, [email protected]com).This article was published at Annals.org on 9 August 2022. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics August 2022Volume 175, Issue 8Page: W87-W103 ePublished: 9 August 2022 Issue Published: August 2022 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2022 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
S Hemoglobinopathy in a Community Hospital
Authors: Thomas J. Moran
Journal: JAMA (1972)

A rapid and reliable screening test for S hemoglobin (Sickledex) employed on all Negro patients admitted to a community hospital over an 18-month period showed an overall incidence of S hemoglobin of 6.2%. Prompt notification of positive results to the physician apparently has resulted in better prevention and control of complications of S hemoglobinopathy, especially in surgical patients with sickle cell trait (hemoglobin AS). A wallet identification card has been developed to alert both patient and physician to the possibility of unexpected complications in emergency situations.
The Association of Socioeconomic Status With Hypertension in 76 Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Tabea K. Kirschbaum, Nikkil Sudharsanan, Jennifer Manne-Goehler, Jan-Walter De Neve, Julia M. Lemp, Michaela Theilmann, Maja E. Marcus, Cara Ebert, Simiao Chen, Moein Yoosefi, Abla M. Sibai, Mahtab Rouhifard, Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam, Mary T. Mayige, Joao S. Martins, Nuno Lunet, Jutta M.A. Jorgensen, Corine Houehanou, Farshad Farzadfar, Albertino Damasceno, Pascal Bovet, Silver K. Bahendeka, Krishna K. Aryal, Glennis Andall-Brereton, Justine I. Davies, Rifat Atun, Sebastian Vollmer, Till Bärnighausen, Lindsay M. Jaacks, Pascal Geldsetzer
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Optimising breathlessness triggered services for older people with advanced diseases: a multicentre economic study (OPTBreathe)
Authors: Deokhee Yi, Charles C Reilly, Gao Wei, Irene J Higginson
Journal: Thorax (2022)

Background In advanced disease, breathlessness becomes severe, increasing health services use. Breathlessness triggered services demonstrate effectiveness in trials and meta-analyses but lack health economic assessment. Methods Our economic study included a discrete choice experiment (DCE), followed by a cost-effectiveness analysis modelling. The DCE comprised face-to-face interviews with older patients with chronic breathlessness and their carers across nine UK centres. Conditional logistic regression analysis of DCE data determined the preferences (or not, indicated by negative β coefficients) for service attributes. Economic modelling estimated the costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) over 5 years. Findings The DCE recruited 190 patients and 68 carers. Offering breathlessness services in person from general practitioner (GP) surgeries was not preferred (β=−0.30, 95% CI −0.40 to −0.21); hospital outpatient clinics (0.16, 0.06 to 0.25) or via home visits (0.15, 0.06 to 0.24) were preferred. Inperson services with comprehensive treatment review (0.15, 0.07 to 0.21) and holistic support (0.19, 0.07 to 0.31) were preferred to those without. Cost-effectiveness analysis found the most and the least preferred models of breathlessness services were cost-effective compared with usual care. The most preferred service had £5719 lower costs (95% CI −6043 to 5395), with 0.004 (95% CI −0.003 to 0.011) QALY benefits per patient. Uptake was higher when attributes were tailored to individual preferences (86% vs 40%). Conclusion Breathlessness services are cost-effective compared with usual care for health and social care, giving cost savings and better quality of life. Uptake of breathlessness services is higher when service attributes are individually tailored.
Single-Cell Dissection of the Multiomic Landscape of High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Yicheng Wang, Haoling Xie, Xiaohong Chang, Wenqi Hu, Mengyao Li, Yi Li, Huiping Liu, Hongyan Cheng, Shang Wang, Ling Zhou, Danhua Shen, Sha Dou, Ruiqiong Ma, Yunuo Mao, Honglan Zhu, Xiaobo Zhang, Yuxuan Zheng, Xue Ye, Lu Wen, Kehkooi Kee, Heng Cui, Fuchou Tang
Journal: Cancer Research (2022)

High-grade serous cancer (HGSC) is the most common subtype of ovarian cancer. HGSC is highly aggressive with poor patient outcomes, and a deeper understanding of HGSC tumorigenesis could help guide future treatment development. To systematically characterize the underlying pathologic mechanisms and intratumoral heterogeneity in human HGSC, we used an optimized single-cell multiomics sequencing technology to simultaneously analyze somatic copy-number alterations (SCNA), DNA methylation, chromatin accessibility, and transcriptome in individual cancer cells. Genes associated with interferon signaling, metallothioneins, and metabolism were commonly upregulated in ovarian cancer cells. Integrated multiomics analyses revealed that upregulation of interferon signaling and metallothioneins was influenced by both demethylation of their promoters and hypomethylation of satellites and LINE1, and potential key transcription factors regulating glycolysis using chromatin accessibility data were uncovered. In addition, gene expression and DNA methylation displayed similar patterns in matched primary and abdominal metastatic tumor cells of the same genetic lineage, suggesting that metastatic cells potentially preexist in the subclones of primary tumors. Finally, the lineages of cancer cells with higher residual DNA methylation levels and upregulated expression of CCN1 and HSP90AA1 presented greater metastatic potential. This study characterizes the critical genetic, epigenetic, and transcriptomic features and their mutual regulatory relationships in ovarian cancer, providing valuable resources for identifying new molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets for HGSC.Integrated analysis of multiomic changes and epigenetic regulation in high-grade serous ovarian cancer provides insights into the molecular characteristics of this disease, which could help improve diagnosis and treatment.
Targeting SIRT1 Rescues Age- and Obesity-Induced Microvascular Dysfunction in Ex Vivo Human Vessels
Authors: Alessandro Mengozzi, Sarah Costantino, Francesco Paneni, Emiliano Duranti, Monica Nannipieri, Rudj Mancini, Michele Lai, Veronica La Rocca, Ilaria Puxeddu, Luca Antonioli, Matteo Fornai, Marco Ghionzoli, Georgios Georgiopoulos, Chiara Ippolito, Nunzia Bernardini, Frank Ruschitzka, Nicola Riccardo Pugliese, Stefano Taddei, Agostino Virdis*, Stefano Masi
Journal: Circulation Research (2022)

Background: Experimental evidence suggests a key role of SIRT1 (silent information regulator 1) in age- and metabolic-related vascular dysfunction. Whether these effects hold true in the human microvasculature is unknown. We aimed to investigate the SIRT1 role in very early stages of age- and obesity-related microvascular dysfunction in humans. Methods: Ninety-five subjects undergoing elective laparoscopic surgery were recruited and stratified based on their body mass index status (above or below 30 kg/m 2 ) and age (above or below 40 years) in 4 groups: Young Nonobese, Young Obese, Old Nonobese, and Old Obese. We measured small resistance arteries’ endothelial function by pressurized micromyography before and after incubation with a SIRT1 agonist (SRT1720) and a mitochondria reactive oxygen species (mtROS) scavenger (MitoTEMPO). We assessed vascular levels of mtROS and nitric oxide availability by confocal microscopy and vascular gene expression of SIRT1 and mitochondrial proteins by qPCR. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay was employed to investigate SIRT1-dependent epigenetic regulation of mitochondrial proteins. Results: Compared with Young Nonobese, obese and older patients showed lower vascular expression of SIRT1 and antioxidant proteins (FOXO3 [forkhead box protein O3] and SOD2) and higher expression of pro-oxidant and aging mitochondria proteins p66 Shc and Arginase II. Old Obese, Young Obese and Old Nonobese groups endothelial dysfunction was rescued by SRT1720. The restoration was comparable to the one obtained with mitoTEMPO. These effects were explained by SIRT1-dependent chromatin changes leading to reduced p66 Shc expression and upregulation of proteins involved in mitochondria respiratory chain. Conclusions: SIRT1 is a novel central modulator of the earliest microvascular damage induced by age and obesity. Through a complex epigenetic control mainly involving p66 Shc and Arginase II, it influences mtROS levels, NO availability, and the expression of proteins of the mitochondria respiratory chain. Therapeutic modulation of SIRT1 restores obesity- and age-related endothelial dysfunction. Early targeting of SIRT1 might represent a crucial strategy to prevent age- and obesity-related microvascular dysfunction.
P-092: RED BLOOD CELL GLUCOSE CONSUMPTION AND METABOLISM IN SICKLE CELL DISEASE
Authors: RAJESH A., MEHER S., BHATT S., PANDA P., KUNDU S., DASH B.
Journal: HemaSphere (2022)

Purpose: Glucose is the single most essential component of the red blood cells (RBCs), being its sole energy provider and therefore is implicated in the energy metabolomics of the RBCs. This in turn play a crucial role in RBC lifespan, which in Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) patients is reduced to about 20 days from the usual average 120 days. This motivated us to investigate the process of glucose consumption and metabolism in red blood cells of Sickle Cell Patient of Odisha. Materials and methods: Blood samples of homozygous SCD patients (HbSS) were collected randomly with informed consent from different parts of Odisha state depending on the availability and accessibility of the subjects. The samples were studied for their hematological and biochemical parameters including levels of glucose. The red blood cells of SCD patients aged and sex matched normal (HbAA) as well as sickle cell traits (HbAS) were separated and incubated for different time intervals to measure the glucose consumption and Pyruvate and Lactate formation. Along with this the membrane stability of the cells were estimated and time dependent glucose uptake was also carried out. Identification of the haemoglobin variant was done by performing sickling test, haemoglobin electrophoresis and HPLC Hb. Variant analysis. All the biochemical estimations were done following the standard methods. Results: In the red blood cells of SCD cases (HbSS), the levels of glucose consumption were noted to be the higher than the sickle cell trait (HbAS) cases and control/normal (HbAA) samples. Concurrently, formation of blood Pyruvate and Lactate showed higher rate in comparison to HBAA and HbAS red cells indicating raised metabolic turnover in the sickle RBCs. In the time dependent study, the red cells of HbSS patients showed higher rate of glucose consumption compared to trait and normal cells. This data also correlates with the higher hemolytic features of the RBCs showing lower membrane stability with increased metabolism. Conclusion: The sickle cell mutation causes much more damage to the life of RBCs than mere morphological sickling of cells. The energy consumption plays a vital role in the life span, shape, stability and overall biochemistry of the RBCs, thus being a critical factor of RBC metabolism, which in turn determines the overall blood-based health of the SCD patients. Understanding and pin-pointing the key factors of energy metabolism thus holds many potential and promising factors in controlling the sickling, and indeed overall health of patients in case of sickle cell disease. The authors do not declare any conflict of interest
Clinical trials in hepatitis D virus: Measuring success
Authors: Ben L. Da
Journal: Hepatology (2022)

Chronic hepatitis D infection results in the most severe form of chronic viral hepatitis but currently lacks effective treatment options. Therapy with pegylated interferon alpha is recommended for finite treatment duration by major liver societies. Still, it is plagued by low rates of sustained virologic response (SVR) and frequent relapses even if SVR is achieved. Recently, a wave of investigational therapies has come under evaluation, including bulevirtide, lonafarnib, pegylated interferon lambda, and REP‐2139 creating excitement with this viral infection. However, there has been significant variability in the endpoints used to evaluate these therapeutics. One of the recently introduced endpoints is characterized by a decline in HDV RNA by 2 logs, with or without achieving an undetectable serum hepatitis D virus (HDV) RNA, as a marker of virologic response. Furthermore, this measure has been combined with alanine aminotransferase normalization, also known as a biochemical response, to formulate the primary endpoint of several late‐stage studies. Per recent guidance by the US Food and Drug Administration, these should be surrogate endpoints that will ultimately portend long‐term clinical benefits. These clinical benefits may include reducing the risk of progression to cirrhosis, hepatic decompensation, hepatocellular carcinoma, liver transplantation, and mortality. However, the optimal way to measure success in HDV clinical trials remains unknown and will continue to evolve.