tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Frederick L. Ferris, Matthew D. Davis, Lloyd M. Aiello
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

Diabetic retinopathy has been and probably remains one of the four major causes of blindness in the United States.1,2 The risk of retinopathy is directly related to the degree and duration of hyperglycemia.3 After diabetes mellitus has been present for 20 years, almost all persons in whom the onset of diabetes occurred before the age of 30 years have some evidence of retinopathy, and about half have proliferative retinopathy. Persons who are 30 years of age or older when diabetes develops are at lower risk for retinopathy, but in this group retinopathy may be the first sign of diabetes. . . .
The Honeymoon Is Over: Spinal Surgeons Begin To Divorce Themselves from Chemonucleolysis
Authors: Beverly Merz
Journal: JAMA (1986)

"HOW MANY of you have performed this procedure?" the speaker asked the packed auditorium. Some 300 hands went up. He pursued the questioning: "How many of you still do it?" Six hands were raised. The poll was informal, conducted as a coda to a series of presentations on chemonucleolysis therapy for herniated lumbar disks at the recent meeting of the American Association of Neurological Surgeons (AANS) in Denver. But it says a lot about how neurosurgeons' opinions of the technique have changed in the few years since the chymopapain enzyme injection received FDA approval (<i>JAMA</i>[MEDICAL NEWS] 1983;249:1115-1123). As neurological surgeons' experience with the procedure has grown, so has their discontent. Early rumblings were detected at the annual meeting of the Congress of Neurological Surgeons (CNS) late in 1983. At that meeting, surgeons who were performing the procedure reported failure rates of 5% to 33% (<i>JAMA</i>[MEDICAL NEWS] 1984; 251:13-15,
Can Animal and In Vitro Studies Give New, Relevant Answers to Questions Concerning Mammographic Screening for Human Breast Cancer?&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1978)

Can Animal and In Vitro Studies Give New, Relevant Answers to Questions Concerning Mammographic Screening for Human Breast Cancer? Get access Lyle A. Dethlefsen, Lyle A. Dethlefsen 4Section of Radiation and Tumor Biology, Department of Radiology, University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. Martin Brown, J. Martin Brown 5Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif. 94305. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Anthony V. Carrano, Anthony V. Carrano 6Biomedical Science Division L-452, Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, Livermore, Calif. 94550. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nandi Satyabrata Nandi Satyabrata 7Cancer Research Laboratory, University of California, Calif. 94720. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 61, Issue 6, December 1978, Pages 1537–1545, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/61.6.1537 Published: 01 December 1978 Article history Received: 03 July 1978 Published: 01 December 1978
Pharmacology of 3,5-Diamino-1,2,4-Triazole (Guanazole). I. Antitumor Activity of Guanazole&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1972)

Guanazole was found to have antitumor activity against murine leukemias L1210 and K1964 and against the mast cell tumor P815, Walker 256 carcinosarcoma, and reticulum cell sarcoma A-RCS. Guanazole was inactive against leukemia L1210 implanted intracranially. A variant of leukemia L1210 made resistant to guanazole was not cross resistant to hydroxyurea, methotrexate, cytosine arabinoside, 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU), or cyclophosphamide. In addition, guanazole was active in variants of leukemia L1210 resistant to dichloromethotrexate, BCNU, and cytosine arabinoside. Guanazole was cytotoxic to various cell lines in vitro including leukemia L1210, Walker 256 carcinosarcoma, and 2 human lymphoblast cell lines. Structure activity studies in vitro against leukemia L1210 revealed that substitutions on the 1,2,4-triazole structure, other than an amino in positions 3 and 5, resulted in a loss of cytotoxicity or in a compound with equal cytotoxic activity in vitro but unacceptable toxicity in vivo.
Sudden Sequential Deafness As the Presenting Symptom of Macroglobulinemia
Authors: Robert J. Ruben
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Sequential deafness, developing first in one ear and then in the second ear ten months later, was found to be associated with a patient's macroglobulinemia. The case reported represents another etiology of sudden deafness, which should be considered in the differential diagnosis of unexpected hearing loss.
Influence of Age and Gland Topography on Cell Kinetics of Normal Human Breast Tissue&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Jose Russo, Gloria Calaf, Larry Roi, Irma H. Russo
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1987)

It has been determined in experimental animal models that the susceptibility of the mammary gland to chemically induced carcinogenesis is directly related to the rate of cell proliferation of the gland at the time of carcinogen exposure and inversely related to its degree of differentiation. Cell proliferation, in turn, depends on the topographic location of cells within the mammary gland tree and is modulated by age, among other factors. To determine whether age and gland topography similarly influence cell kinetic parameters in the breast of human females, the following study was done. Fifteen samples of normal human breast tissue were obtained from areas adjacent to histopathologically proved benign lesions. Tissue fragments were incubated in organ culture dishes containing [3H]thymidine ([3H]dThd) and processed for DNA labeling index (DNA-LI), length of cell cycle (Tc), and growth fraction (GF) determination; double labeling with [3H]dThd and [14C]thymidine was used for length of the S-phase determination. The mean values obtained revealed that both DNA-LI and GF were lower, with a concomitant lengthening of G1 and Tc in older women than in young women. The correlation of these values with the gland's topography revealed that in both young and older women, the highest GF and DNA-LI were observed in intralobular terminal ducts, decreasing in alveoli and ducts.
Current Medical Literature
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Endoscopy International Open – recently published
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

See also: Radiofrequency ablation for treatment of refractory gastric antral vascular ectasia (with video)Endosc Int Open 2015; 03(02): E125-E127DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1391323 See also: The “white globe appearance” (WGA): a novel marker for a correct diagnosis of early gastric cancer by magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging (M-NBI)Endosc Int Open 2015; 03(02): E120-E124DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1391026 See also: Minimum biopsy set for HER2 evaluation in gastric and gastro-esophageal junction cancerEndosc Int Open 2015; 03(02): E165-E170DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1391359
The Chemistry of Enzyme Actions.
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Endoscopy International Open – recently published
Journal: Endoscopy (2016)

See also: Transplantation of epidermal cell sheets by endoscopic balloon dilatation to avoid esophageal re-strictures: initial experience in a porcine modelEndosc Int Open 2016; 04(11): E1116-E1123DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-116145 See also: A randomized controlled trial of pre-procedure simethicone and N-acetylcysteine to improve mucosal visibility during gastroscopy – NICEVISEndosc Int Open 2016; 04(11): E1197-E1202DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-117631 See also: The nature of the white opaque substance within colorectal neoplastic epithelium as visualized by magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imagingEndosc Int Open 2016; 04(11): E1151-E1157DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-116487
Is Bowen's Disease a Predictor for the Development of Internal Malignancy?
Authors: Harvey Arbesman
Journal: JAMA (1987)

A critical review was performed to assess studies about Bowen's disease as a cutaneous predictor of the development of internal malignancy. In six of seven published cohort studies, the authors concluded that there was an association between Bowen's disease and internal malignancy. Three major methodological deficiencies occurred in these studies: lack of an adequate comparison group; inclusion of persons who already had internal malignancy when Bowen's disease was diagnosed; and lack of life-table analysis to describe and to compare cancer incidence rates over time. Though an association between Bowen's disease and internal malignancy may be pathophysiologically plausible and may eventually be demonstrated, we conclude that published reports do not demonstrate that persons with Bowen's disease have an increased risk to develop internal malignancy. (<i>JAMA</i>1987;257:516-518)
Treating children with sleep disorders
Authors: M. Fay
Journal: BMJ (2000)

# Children with breathing difficulties are being overlooked {#article-title-2} EDITOR—I was disappointed to see that once again children with sleep disorders are being lumped into a homogeneous group of children with “behavioural” problems, then “studied” without using polysomnography. I think it's presumptuous and dangerous to think that every child who has trouble sleeping has a behavioural problem. Few physicians are aware that breathing difficulty can cause night waking and bedtime resistance, and it is because of studies like that of Ramchandani et al.1 Doctors don't look for sleep disorders properly, don't know much about them, and are told repeatedly that behavioural treatments are the appropriate treatment. This is wrong unless we can guarantee that the children have behavioural problems. A study looking at obese children using polysomnography diagnosed unsuspected obstructive sleep apnoea in 75% of the children studied—meaning the physicians examining the children picked up only 1 in 4 cases. It therefore seems a big leap of faith not to be doing polysomnography more often. Some of the children waking at night could have upper airways resistance syndrome, which can also cause sleep problems. Most doctors can barely take a proper history for sleep disorders, let alone diagnose a subtle case of upper airways resistance syndrome causing repeated night waking or bedtime resistance. Studies like that of Ramchandani et al certainly don't help because they take the emphasis away from finding a “real physiological” problem and on to stress behavioural modification. Before we continue to send physicians out to behaviourally modify breathing difficulties or other subtle causes of sleep disorders that can mimic behavioural problems, we need to do polysomnography on these children. 1. 1.1. Ramchandani P, 2. Wiggs L, 3. Webb V, 4. Stores G . Systematic review of treatments for settling problems and night waking in young children. BMJ 2000; 320: 209–213. (22 January.) [OpenUrl][1][Abstract/FREE Full Text][2] # Night waking is natural behaviour {#article-title-4} EDITOR—The basic assumption of the study of Ramchandani et al that very young children should settle down to sleep away from their parents and not be seen or heard from again until morning is flawed.1 … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DBMJ%26rft.stitle%253DBMJ%26rft.issn%253D0007-1447%26rft.aulast%253DRamchandani%26rft.auinit1%253DP.%26rft.volume%253D320%26rft.issue%253D7229%26rft.spage%253D209%26rft.epage%253D213%26rft.atitle%253DA%2Bsystematic%2Breview%2Bof%2Btreatments%2Bfor%2Bsettling%2Bproblems%2Band%2Bnight%2Bwaking%2Bin%2Byoung%2Bchildren%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1136%252Fbmj.320.7229.209%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F10642226%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/ijlink?linkType=ABST&journalCode=bmj&resid=320/7229/209&atom=%2Fbmj%2F320%2F7250%2F1667.atom
Bacteria: Especially As They Are Related to the Economy of Nature, to Industrial Processes and to the Public Health.
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Macroglobulins in Chronic Pancreatitis and Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Nanna Svartz
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Studies of the rheumatoid factor (RF) and the macroglobulins in some other diseases, as well as the isolated RF and its dissociation products were reported in 1965.<sup>1</sup>It was emphasized that a great number of abnormal macroglobulins exist. The macroglobulins studied by us belong mainly to the 18S to 19S (S signifies Svedberg units) or rather 17.5S to 19S group of γ-macroglobulins, ie, γM. They do not give rise to any extra peaks on ultracentrifugation or extra lines on immunoelectrophoresis as do the paraproteins. Thus, the peaks, lines, and bonds of the 17.5S to 19S macroglobulins are localized in the same areas as in healthy individuals. For instance, in rheumatoid arthritis only very seldom are there two macroglobulin peaks on ultracentrifugation, the "normal" one and the pathological one. The two macroglobulins seem to run into one another, or possibly the macroglobulin metabolism may be totally changed. The normal and
Bureaucratic Clout, and a Parable
Authors: William H. Crosby
Journal: JAMA (1974)

IN THIS modern world of mass medicine, physicians may become too greatly concerned with the welfare of individuals. We do sometimes find ourselves at cross-purposes with bureaucrats, nutritionists, and others who apply medical care with a broad brush or spray gun. Some of us have been dismayed at the collaboration of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) with the milling and baking industries and a coterie of nutritionists to increase by some 300% of the present requirement the amount of iron required to be added to flour and bread in the United States. The basis for this benevolence is the Ten-State Nutrition Survey performed six years ago on the poorest segments of the population. The nutritional situation was bad enough, but the data were manipulated to suggest a national catastrophe, especially in the area of anemia. In women, for example, any hemoglobin value that fell not outside the normal range,
Highlights of This Issue
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Response to therapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) may vary by histology.To explore whether mi-croRNA expression profiles differ by histological subtypes and can predict survival for patients with NSCLC, Landi and colleagues analyzed microRNA expression in 165 adenocarcinoma (AD) and 125 squamous cell carcinoma (SQ) tissue samples using a custom microRNA-oligo array.Further, they replicated major findings in 125 additional samples by qRT-PCR.They found that microRNA expression profiles could differentiate AD from SQ, particularly in the early stages.Also, a 5-microRNA signature significantly predicted survival for SQ.These findings have the potential to lead to histology-based therapeutic approaches for lung cancer.
Audit in a Diabetic Clinic
Authors: D F Child, C P Williams
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1982)

Diabetic control was assessed in 82 established insulin-dependent diabetics using a microcapillary system for home preprandial blood glucose sampling. At initial assessment control in the majority (62%) was found to be unsatisfactory (at least 1 preprandial blood glucose greater than 13.0 mmol/l or frequent and severe hypoglycaemia). Sixty-three of these patients were assessed on more than one occasion. Only 24% were satisfactorily controlled at their first assessment, but this proportion had risen to 60% after 12 months. The ability of patients to perform unsupervised blood glucose levels using Ames Glucometers or BM-Glycemie 20-800 test strips was also assessed: 86% of the meter results were within one-third of the laboratory-based results, but there was evidence of bias towards the under-reading of higher glucose values using BM-Glycemie 20-800 test strips. Random blood glucose estimations performed in the diabetic clinic were of little value.
Hysterectomy Among Women of Reproductive Age
Authors: Richard C. Dicker
Journal: JAMA (1982)

An estimated 3.5 million women aged 15 to 44 years in the United States underwent hysterectomy (excluding radical procedures) between 1970 and 1978. Data from the National Center for Health Statistics were used to study the influence of age, race, and geographic region on hysterectomy rates, surgical approach, and concurrent oophorectomy. The number and rate of hysterectomies increased between 1970 and 1972 but remained stable thereafter. Hysterectomy rates increased with age, and rates for black women slightly exceeded the rates for whites. Rates were consistently highest for women in the South and lowest for women in the Northeast. Women undergoing hysterectomy in the Northeast had the lowest percentage performed by a vaginal approach and the highest percentage performed in conjunction with bilateral oophorectomy. Women having a hysterectomy in the West had the highest percentage performed by a vaginal approach. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;248:323-327)
Obstacles to Population Control
Authors: Richmond K. Anderson
Journal: JAMA (1966)

The word "obstacles" in the title given to me was well chosen, for the world is in the throes of a colossal obstacle race between production and reproduction, with the outcome dependent on its success in overcoming the obstacles that restrain the former and those that prevent restraint of the latter. On both sides these obstacles are numerous, formidable, and ofttimes similar, and, though I shall discuss primarily those that influence the control of reproduction, one cannot rationally consider the problems of population without giving equal stress to the factors affecting the other side of the equation. Time would hardly permit even a listing, much less an intelligent analysis of the many factors influencing utilization of fertility-regulation mechanisms—or, stated in simpler terms, the effective practice of contraception. I shall therefore discuss primarily problems related to the implementation of population-control programs, particularly the rapidly increasing numbers which are now in various
Four Uncommon Infections In Hodgkin's Disease
Authors: MAX L. GOODMAN
Journal: JAMA (1966)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> Bacterial, fungal, protozoal, and virus infections develop as examples of altered immunity in patients with malignant lymphomas of the Hodgkin's disease type. A patient with Hodgkin's disease died with herpetic esophagitis, toxoplasmosis of lung and stomach, cytomegalic inclusion disease of lung, and sarcocystis infection of the heart. A 64-year-old white woman was admitted to the University Hospital with a nonproductive cough of two months' duration, weight loss, and fatigue. Physical examination showed hepatosplenomegaly without peripheral lymphadenopathy. Hemoglobin was 10.2 gm/100 ml; hematocrit, 31%; white blood cell count, 6,700/cu mm, with 82% neutrophils. Chest x-ray examination showed faint, rounded densities in the left lower lung field, and laminograms of the chest showed discrete nodular densities in the lower lobes of the lungs. Radiographic films of the abdomen demonstrated hepatic and splenic enlargements. At surgical exploration for acute and chronic cholecystitis and cholelithiasis, the gallbladder was excised, and liver
Amyl Nitrite Inhalation Fad
Authors: Jerome T. Pearlman
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The pharmacologic properties of amyl nitrite are well known: it acts specifically as a smooth muscle relaxant and vasodilator.<sup>1</sup>Side effects of its use include dizziness, headache, pain localized about the eyes, and transient elevation of intraocular pressure. Unlike drugs such as atropine or other belladonna-like agents which may precipitate an attack of acute angleclosure glaucoma, amyl nitrite does not pose this threat. We wish, however, to draw the attention of ophthalmologists to a new fad involving the use of amyl nitrite by teenagers and young adults to enhance and prolong the sexual experience.<sup>2</sup>Ampules are crushed and their contents inhaled immediately before sexual climax. There appears to be a time-expanding effect, possibly related to transient cerebral ischemia, which gives the user the illusion that orgasm lasts for an extended period of time. The use of amyl nitrite for enhancement of sexual pleasure may lead