tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
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Authors: Paul T. Finger, Ankit S. Tomar, Brenda Gallie, Tero T. Kivelä, Ashwin Mallipatna, Chengyue Zhang, Junyang Zhao, Matthew W. Wilson, Rachel C. Brennan, Michala Burges, Jonathan Kim, Jesse L. Berry, Rima Jubran, Vikas Khetan, Suganeswari Ganesan, Andrey Yarovoy, Vera Yarovaya, Elena Kotova, Denis Volodin, Yacoub A. Yousef, Kalle Nummi, Tatiana L. Ushakova, Olga V. Yugay, Vladimir G. Polyakov, Marco A. Ramirez-Ortiz, Elizabeth Esparza-Aguiar, Guillermo Chantada, Paula Schaiquevich, Adriana Fandino, Jason C. Yam, Winnie W. Lau, Carol P. Lam, Phillipa Sharwood, Sonia Moorthy, Quah Boon Long, Vera Adobea Essuman, Lorna A. Renner, Ekaterina Semenova, Jaume Català-Mora, Genoveva Correa-Llano, Elisa Carreras
Journal: Ophthalmology (2022)
A bioenergetic framework for aboveground terrestrial food webs
Authors: Fernanda S. Valdovinos, Kayla R.S. Hale, Sabine Dritz, Paul R. Glaum, Kevin S. McCann, Sophia M. Simon, Elisa Thébault, William C. Wetzel, Kate L. Wootton, Justin D. Yeakel
Journal: Trends in Ecology & Evolution (2022)

Bioenergetic approaches have been greatly influential for understanding community functioning and stability and predicting effects of environmental changes on biodiversity. These approaches use allometric relationships to establish species' trophic interactions and consumption rates and have been successfully applied to aquatic ecosystems. Terrestrial ecosystems, where body mass is less predictive of plant–consumer interactions, present inherent challenges that these models have yet to meet. Here, we discuss the processes governing terrestrial plant–consumer interactions and develop a bioenergetic framework integrating those processes. Our framework integrates bioenergetics specific to terrestrial plants and their consumers within a food web approach while also considering mutualistic interactions. Such a framework is poised to advance our understanding of terrestrial food webs and to predict their responses to environmental changes.
The NHS faces a “winter onslaught”—an additional £3.3 billion will only go so far
Authors: Miriam Deakin
Journal: BMJ (2022)

The NHS faces a "winter onslaught"-an additional £3.3 billion will only go so far Miriam Deakin director of policy and strategyWinter is just around the corner, and with it will come pressure on the NHS like none we've seen before.
Optical Genome Mapping in MDS and AML as tool for structural variant profiling—comment and data update on Yang et al.: “High-resolution structural variant profiling of myelodysplastic syndromes by optical genome mapping uncovers cryptic aberrations of prognostic and therapeutic significance”
Authors: Deepak B. Vangala, Verena Nilius-Eliliwi, Wanda M. Gerding, Roland Schroers, Huu Phuc Nguyen
Journal: Leukemia (2022)

Optical Genome Mapping in MDS and AML
The second half of mitosis and its implications in cancer biology
Authors: Daniel Moreno-Andrés, Kristin Holl, Wolfram Antonin
Journal: Seminars in Cancer Biology (2022)

The nucleus undergoes dramatic structural and functional changes during cell division. With the entry into mitosis, in human cells the nuclear envelope breaks down, chromosomes rearrange into rod-like structures which are collected and segregated by the spindle apparatus. While these processes in the first half of mitosis have been intensively studied, much less is known about the second half of mitosis, when a functional nucleus reforms in each of the emerging cells. Here we review our current understanding of mitotic exit and nuclear reformation with spotlights on the links to cancer biology.
Inappropriate antibiotic prescribing in primary healthcare facilities in China: a nationwide survey, 2017–2019
Authors: Mengyuan Fu, Zhiwen Gong, Yuezhen Zhu, Can Li, Yue Zhou, Lin Hu, Huangqianyu Li, Haishaerjiang Wushouer, Xiaodong Guan, Luwen Shi
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2022)
Targeting of Cdc42 GTPase in regulatory T cells unleashes antitumor T-cell immunity
Authors: Khalid W Kalim, Jun-Qi Yang, Mark Wunderlich, Vishnu Modur, Phuong Nguyen, Yuan Li, Ting Wen, Ashley Kuenzi Davis, Ravinder Verma, Qing Richard Lu, Anil G Jegga, Yi Zheng, Fukun Guo
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2022)

Background Cancer immunotherapy has taken center stage in cancer treatment. However, the current immunotherapies only benefit a small proportion of patients with cancer, necessitating better understanding of the mechanisms of tumor immune evasion and improved cancer immunotherapy strategies. Regulatory T (Treg) cells play an important role in maintaining immune tolerance through inhibiting effector T-cell function. In the tumor microenvironment, Treg cells are used by tumor cells to counteract effector T cell-mediated tumor suppression. Targeting Treg cells may thus unleash the antitumor activity of effector T cells. While systemic depletion of Treg cells can cause excessive effector T-cell responses and subsequent autoimmune diseases, controlled targeting of Treg cells may benefit patients with cancer. Methods Treg cells from Treg cell-specific heterozygous Cdc42 knockout mice, C57BL/6 mice treated with a Cdc42 inhibitor CASIN, and control mice were examined for their homeostasis and stability by flow cytometry. The autoimmune responses in Treg cell-specific heterozygous Cdc42 knockout mice, CASIN-treated C57BL/6 mice, and control mice were assessed by H&amp;E staining and ELISA. Antitumor T-cell immunity in Treg cell-specific heterozygous Cdc42 knockout mice, CASIN-treated C57BL/6 mice, humanized NSGS mice, and control mice was assessed by challenging the mice with MC38 mouse colon cancer cells, KPC mouse pancreatic cancer cells, or HCT116 human colon cancer cells. Results Treg cell-specific heterozygous deletion or pharmacological targeting of Cdc42 with CASIN does not affect Treg cell numbers but induces Treg cell instability, leading to antitumor T-cell immunity without detectable autoimmune reactions. Cdc42 targeting causes an additive effect on immune checkpoint inhibitor anti-programmed cell death protein-1 antibody-induced T-cell response against mouse and human tumors. Mechanistically, Cdc42 targeting induces Treg cell instability and unleashes antitumor T-cell immunity through carbonic anhydrase I-mediated pH changes. Conclusions Rational targeting of Cdc42 in Treg cells holds therapeutic promises in cancer immunotherapy.
Data synthesis and adversarial networks: A review and meta-analysis in cancer imaging
Authors: Richard Osuala, Kaisar Kushibar, Lidia Garrucho, Akis Linardos, Zuzanna Szafranowska, Stefan Klein, Ben Glocker, Oliver Diaz, Karim Lekadir
Journal: Medical Image Analysis (2022)

Despite technological and medical advances, the detection, interpretation, and treatment of cancer based on imaging data continue to pose significant challenges. These include inter-observer variability, class imbalance, dataset shifts, inter- and intra-tumour heterogeneity, malignancy determination, and treatment effect uncertainty. Given the recent advancements in Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), data synthesis, and adversarial training, we assess the potential of these technologies to address a number of key challenges of cancer imaging. We categorise these challenges into (a) data scarcity and imbalance, (b) data access and privacy, (c) data annotation and segmentation, (d) cancer detection and diagnosis, and (e) tumour profiling, treatment planning and monitoring. Based on our analysis of 164 publications that apply adversarial training techniques in the context of cancer imaging, we highlight multiple underexplored solutions with research potential. We further contribute the Synthesis Study Trustworthiness Test (SynTRUST), a meta-analysis framework for assessing the validation rigour of medical image synthesis studies. SynTRUST is based on 26 concrete measures of thoroughness, reproducibility, usefulness, scalability, and tenability. Based on SynTRUST, we analyse 16 of the most promising cancer imaging challenge solutions and observe a high validation rigour in general, but also several desirable improvements. With this work, we strive to bridge the gap between the needs of the clinical cancer imaging community and the current and prospective research on data synthesis and adversarial networks in the artificial intelligence community.
Treatment With Anifrolumab for Discoid Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Francesca Trentin, Chiara Tani, Elena Elefante, Chiara Stagnaro, Dina Zucchi, Marta Mosca
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2022)

This case report describes 2 women with severe and refractory discoid lupus erythematosus that was treated with anifrolumab.
Direct versus video laryngoscopy with standard blades for neonatal and infant tracheal intubation with supplemental oxygen: a multicentre, non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial
Authors: Thomas Riva, Thomas Engelhardt, Reto Basciani, Rachele Bonfiglio, Evelien Cools, Alexander Fuchs, Annery G Garcia-Marcinkiewicz, Robert Greif, Walid Habre, Markus Huber, Maria-Alexandra Petre, Britta S von Ungern-Sternberg, David Sommerfield, Lorenz Theiler, Nicola Disma, Mathias Johansen, Stefan Seiler, Nadja Fisler, Jennifer Wittwer, Martina Kämpfer, Marco Enderlin, Aine Sommerfield, Lliana Slevin, Julie Nguyen, Neil Hauser, Luis Sequera-Ramos, Rodrigo Daly-Guris, Andrea Dato, Andrea Moscatelli, Andrea Wolfler, Girolamo Mattioli
Journal: The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health (2022)
Growing small solid nodules in lung cancer screening: safety and efficacy of a 200 mm<sup>3</sup>minimum size threshold for multidisciplinary team referral
Authors: Andrew W Creamer, Carolyn Horst, Jennifer L Dickson, Sophie Tisi, Helen Hall, Priyam Verghese, Ruth Prendecki, Amyn Bhamani, John McCabe, Kylie Gyertson, Anne-Marie Mullin, Jonathan Teague, Laura Farrelly, Allan Hackshaw, Arjun Nair, Anand Devaraj, Sam M Janes
Journal: Thorax (2022)

The optimal management of small but growing nodules remains unclear. The SUMMIT study nodule management algorithm uses a specific threshold volume of 200 mm 3 before referral of growing solid nodules to the multidisciplinary team for further investigation is advised, with growing nodules below this threshold kept under observation within the screening programme. Malignancy risk of growing solid nodules of size &gt;200 mm 3 at initial 3-month interval scan was 58.3% at a per-nodule level, compared with 13.3% in growing nodules of size ≤200 mm 3 (relative risk 4.4, 95% CI 2.17 to 8.83). The positive predictive value of a combination of nodule growth (defined as percentage volume change of ≥25%), and size &gt;200 mm 3 was 65.9% (29/44) at a cancer-per-nodule basis, or 60.5% (23/38) on a cancer-per-participant basis. False negative rate of the protocol was 1.9% (95% CI 0.33% to 9.94%). These findings support the use of a 200 mm 3 minimum volume threshold for referral as effective at reducing unnecessary multidisciplinary team referrals for small growing nodules, while maintaining early-stage lung cancer diagnosis.
HBXIP blocks myosin-IIA assembly by phosphorylating and interacting with NMHC-IIA in breast cancer metastasis
Authors: Lu Zhang, Xiaolei Zhou, Bowen Liu, Xuhe Shi, Xianmeng Li, Feifei Xu, Xueli Fu, Xue Wang, Kai Ye, Tianzhi Jin, Huimin Sun, Qianqian Li, Weiying Zhang, Lihong Ye
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2022)

Tumor metastasis depends on the dynamic balance of the actomyosin cytoskeleton. As a key component of actomyosin filaments, non-muscle myosin-IIA disassembly contributes to tumor cell spreading and migration. However, its regulatory mechanism in tumor migration and invasion is poorly understood. Here, we found that oncoprotein hepatitis B X-interacting protein (HBXIP) blocked the myosin-IIA assemble state promoting breast cancer cell migration. Mechanistically, mass spectrometry analysis, co-immunoprecipitation assay and GST-pull down assay proved that HBXIP directly interacted with the assembly-competent domain (ACD) of non-muscle heavy chain myosin-IIA (NMHC-IIA). The interaction was enhanced by NMHC-IIA S1916 phosphorylation via HBXIP-recruited protein kinase PKCβII. Moreover, HBXIP induced the transcription of PRKCB, encoding PKCβII, by coactivating Sp1, and triggered PKCβII kinase activity. Interestingly, RNA sequencing and mouse metastasis model indicated that the anti-hyperlipidemic drug bezafibrate (BZF) suppressed breast cancer metastasis via inhibiting PKCβII-mediated NMHC-IIA phosphorylation in vitro and in vivo. We reveal a novel mechanism by which HBXIP promotes myosin-IIA disassembly via interacting and phosphorylating NMHC-IIA, and BZF can serve as an effective anti-metastatic drug in breast cancer.
Pregnancy outcomes after first-trimester treatment with artemisinin derivatives versus non-artemisinin antimalarials: a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis
Authors: Makoto Saito, Rose McGready, Halidou Tinto, Toussaint Rouamba, Dominic Mosha, Stephen Rulisa, Simon Kariuki, Meghna Desai, Christine Manyando, Eric M Njunju, Esperanca Sevene, Anifa Vala, Orvalho Augusto, Christine Clerk, Edwin Were, Sigilbert Mrema, William Kisinza, Josaphat Byamugisha, Mike Kagawa, Jan Singlovic, Mackensie Yore, Anna Maria van Eijk, Ushma Mehta, Andy Stergachis, Jenny Hill, Kasia Stepniewska, Melba Gomes, Philippe J Guérin, Francois Nosten, Feiko O ter Kuile, Stephanie Dellicour
Journal: The Lancet (2022)
Rezafungin versus caspofungin for treatment of candidaemia and invasive candidiasis (ReSTORE): a multicentre, double-blind, double-dummy, randomised phase 3 trial
Authors: George R Thompson, Alex Soriano, Oliver A Cornely, Bart Jan Kullberg, Marin Kollef, Jose Vazquez, Patrick M Honore, Matteo Bassetti, John Pullman, Methee Chayakulkeeree, Ivan Poromanski, Cecilia Dignani, Anita F Das, Taylor Sandison, Peter G Pappas, Murat Akova, Rawan AlAgha, George Alangaden, Svenja J Albrecht, Barbara Alexander, Mohanad Al-Obaidi, German Ambasch, Fernando Armestar Rodriguez, Alpay Azap, Anthony Baffoe-Bonnie, Leila Belkhir, Ronen Ben-Ami, David Boutoille, Antonio Cascio, Louis YA Chai, Romanee Chaiwarith, Methee Chayakulkeeree, Sharon Chen, Yee-Chun Chen, Yen-Hsu Chen, Jun Yong Choi, Young Hwa Choi, Darunee Chotiprasitsakul, Jin Won Chung, François Danion, Blandine Denis, Emilio Diaz Santos, Miguel O Dictar, Marc Diltoer, Herve Dupont, Sizhou Feng, Maria Angeles Ferre Colomer, Ricard Ferrer, Jean-Marie Fernand Roger Forel, Jesús Fortún-Abete, Julia Garcia-Diaz, Massimo Girardis, Fang He, Maya Hites, Mao-Wang Ho, Patrick Honore, Juan Pablo Horcajada Gallego, Haihui Huang, Po-Yen Huang, Yong Huang, Osamah Hussein, Poj Intalapaporn, Sutep Jaruratanasirikul, Luis Jauregui-Peredo, Misty Johnson, Dong Sik Jung, Kamonwan Jutivorakool, Winfried V Kern, Daniel H Kett, Thana Khawcharoenporn, Young Keun Kim, Philipp Koehler, Anastasia Kotanidou, Anne Lachiewicz, Qinhan Lin, Luis Eduardo Lopez Cortes, Hong Luo, Roberto Luzzati, Yasmin Maor, Todd McCarty, Maria Merelli, Paloma Merino Amador, John Midturi, Guglielmo Marco Migliorino, Jean-Paul Mira, Piroon Mootsikapun, Orla Morrissey, Patricia Munoz Garcia de Paredes, Cristina Mussini, Eleftherios Mylonakis, Saadalla Nseir, William Nseir, Zekaver Odabasi, Vasileios Papastamopoulos, David Paterson, Thomas F Patterson, Kyong Ran Peck, Zhiyong Peng, Nitipong Permpalung, Gaetan J Plantefeve, Ivan G Poromanski, Debra Powell, Mina Psichogiou, Ser Hon Puah, John Pullman, Galia Rahav, Antonio Ramos Martinez, Juan Carlos Ramos Ramos, Ayelet Raz-Pasteur, Carlos A Restrepo Castro, Fernando Riera, France Roblot, Regino Jose Rodriguez Alvarez, Benjamin Rogers, Emmanuel Roilides, Gregorio Sanchez Vallejo, Gabriele Sganga, Nikolaos Sipsas, Monica Slavin, Alex Soriano, Andrej Spec, Jacob Strahilevitz, Dora M Tancheva, Zhen Tao, Daniel Teschner, George R Thompson, Eric Van Wijngaerden, Jose Vazquez, Paschalis Vergidis, Pierluigi Viale, Fu-Der Wang, Shifu Wang, Gabriel Weber, Jianyu Weng, Jinfu Xu, Li Yao, Serap Yavuz, Mesut Yilmaz, Jo-Anne Young, Abel H Zarate, Jun Zeng, Yong Zhang
Journal: The Lancet (2022)
Genotype-first approach to identify associations between CDH1 germline variants and cancer phenotypes: a multicentre study by the European Reference Network on Genetic Tumour Risk Syndromes
Authors: José Garcia-Pelaez, Rita Barbosa-Matos, Silvana Lobo, Alexandre Dias, Luzia Garrido, Sérgio Castedo, Sónia Sousa, Hugo Pinheiro, Liliana Sousa, Rita Monteiro, Joaquin J Maqueda, Susana Fernandes, Fátima Carneiro, Nádia Pinto, Carolina Lemos, Carla Pinto, Manuel R Teixeira, Stefan Aretz, Svetlana Bajalica-Lagercrantz, Judith Balmaña, Ana Blatnik, Patrick R Benusiglio, Maud Blanluet, Vincent Bours, Hilde Brems, Joan Brunet, Daniele Calistri, Gabriel Capellá, Sergio Carrera, Chrystelle Colas, Karin Dahan, Robin de Putter, Camille Desseignés, Elena Domínguez-Garrido, Conceição Egas, D Gareth Evans, Damien Feret, Eleanor Fewings, Rebecca C Fitzgerald, Florence Coulet, María Garcia-Barcina, Maurizio Genuardi, Lisa Golmard, Karl Hackmann, Helen Hanson, Elke Holinski-Feder, Robert Hüneburg, Mateja Krajc, Kristina Lagerstedt-Robinson, Conxi Lázaro, Marjolijn J L Ligtenberg, Cristina Martínez-Bouzas, Sonia Merino, Geneviève Michils, Srdjan Novaković, Ana Patiño-García, Guglielmina Nadia Ranzani, Evelin Schröck, Inês Silva, Catarina Silveira, José L Soto, Isabel Spier, Verena Steinke-Lange, Gianluca Tedaldi, María-Isabel Tejada, Emma R Woodward, Marc Tischkowitz, Nicoline Hoogerbrugge, Carla Oliveira
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2022)
Corrigendum to ‘On-demand CO release for amplification of chemotherapy by MOF functionalized magnetic carbon nanoparticles with NIR irradiation’ [Biomaterials 195 (2019) 51–62]
Authors: Jizong Yao, Yao Liu, Jiawen Wang, Qin Jiang, Dejun She, Huishu Guo, Nianrong Sun, Zhiqing Pang, Chunhui Deng, Wuli Yang, Shun Shen
Journal: Biomaterials (2022)
Multiple system atrophy: α-Synuclein strains at the neuron-oligodendrocyte crossroad
Authors: Kreesan Reddy, Birger Victor Dieriks
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2022)

The aberrant accumulation of α-Synuclein within oligodendrocytes is an enigmatic, pathological feature specific to Multiple system atrophy (MSA). Since the characterization of the disease in 1969, decades of research have focused on unravelling the pathogenic processes that lead to the formation of oligodendroglial cytoplasmic inclusions. The discovery of aggregated α-Synuclein (α-Syn) being the primary constituent of glial cytoplasmic inclusions has spurred several lines of research investigating the relationship between the pathogenic accumulation of the protein and oligodendrocytes. Recent developments have identified the ability of α-Syn to form conformationally distinct "strains" with varying behavioral characteristics and toxicities. Such "strains" are potentially disease-specific, providing insight into the enigmatic nature of MSA. This review discusses the evidence for MSA-specific α-Syn strains, highlighting the current methods for detecting and characterizing MSA patient-derived α-Syn. Given the differing behaviors of α-Syn strains, we explore the seeding and spreading capabilities of MSA-specific strains, postulating their influence on the aggressive nature of the disease. These ideas culminate into one key question: What causes MSA-specific strain formation? To answer this, we discuss the interplay between oligodendrocytes, neurons and α-Syn, exploring the ability of each cell type to contribute to the aggregate formation while postulating the effect of additional variables such as protein interactions, host characteristics and environmental factors. Thus, we propose the idea that MSA strain formation results from the intricate interrelation between neurons and oligodendrocytes, with deficits in each cell type required to initiate α-Syn aggregation and MSA pathogenesis.
Early introduction of peanut reduces peanut allergy across risk groups in pooled and causal inference analyses
Authors: Kirsty Logan, Henry T. Bahnson, Alyssa Ylescupidez, Kirsten Beyer, Johanna Bellach, Dianne E. Campbell, Joanna Craven, George Du Toit, E. N. Clare Mills, Michael R. Perkin, Graham Roberts, Ronald van Ree, Gideon Lack
Journal: Allergy (2022)

The Learning Early About Peanut allergy (LEAP) study has shown the effectiveness of early peanut introduction in prevention of peanut allergy (PA). In the Enquiring About Tolerance (EAT) study, a statistically significant reduction in PA was present only in per-protocol (PP) analyses, which can be subject to bias.The aim of this study was to combine individual-level data from the LEAP and EAT trials and provide robust evidence on the bias-corrected, causal effect of early peanut introduction.As part of the European Union-funded iFAAM project, this pooled analysis of individual pediatric patient data combines and compares effectiveness and efficacy estimates of oral tolerance induction among different risk strata and analysis methods.An intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis of pooled data showed a 75% reduction in PA (p < .0001) among children randomized to consume peanut from early infancy. A protective effect was present across all eczema severity groups, irrespective of enrollment sensitization to peanut, and across different ethnicities. Earlier age of introduction was associated with improved effectiveness of the intervention. In the pooled PP analysis, peanut consumption reduced the risk of PA by 98% (p < .0001). A causal inference analysis confirmed the strong PP effect (89% average treatment effect relative risk reduction p < .0001). A multivariable causal inference analysis approach estimated a large (100%) reduction in PA in children without eczema (p = .004).We demonstrate a significant reduction in PA with early peanut introduction in a large group of pooled, randomized participants. This significant reduction was demonstrated across all risk subgroups, including children with no eczema. Furthermore, our results point to increased efficacy of the intervention with earlier age of introduction.
Dual role of brain-derived extracellular vesicles in dementia-related neurodegenerative disorders: cargo of disease spreading signals and diagnostic-therapeutic molecules
Authors: Francesca Natale, Salvatore Fusco, Claudio Grassi
Journal: Translational Neurodegeneration (2022)

Abstract Neurodegenerative disorders are one of the most common causes of disability and represent 6.3% of the global burden of disease. Among them, Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Huntington’s diseases cause cognitive decline, representing the most disabling symptom on both personal and social levels. The molecular mechanisms underlying the onset and progression of dementia are still poorly understood, and include secretory factors potentially affecting differentiated neurons, glial cells and neural stem cell niche. In the last decade, much attention has been devoted to exosomes as novel carriers of information exchanged among both neighbouring and distant cells. These vesicles can be generated and internalized by different brain cells including neurons, neural stem cells, astrocytes, and microglia, thereby affecting neural plasticity and cognitive functions in physiological and pathological conditions. Here, we review data on the roles of exosomes as carriers of bioactive molecules potentially involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders and detectable in biological fluids as biomarkers of dementia. We also discuss the experimental evidence of the therapeutic potential of stem cell-derived vesicles in experimental models of neurodegeneration-dependent cognitive decline.