tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Phase I clinical, biology & pharmacokinetic study of the combination of GW 572016 and capecitabine in patients with advanced solid tumors
Authors: G. Schwartz, Q. S.-C. Chu, L. A. Hammond, M. Mita, J. Curtright, M. J. Versola, K. Koch, L. N. Pandite, P. T. C. Ho, E. K. Rowinsky
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

3070 Background. GW572016 (GW), a reversible inhibitor of ErbB1 and ErbB2 tyrosine kinases, which induces growth arrest and/or apoptosis in ErbB1 or ErbB2 expressing tumor cell lines. Capecitabine (C), an orally administered fluoropyrimidine, is preferentially converted to 5-FU by thymidine phosphorylase (TP) in tumor cells. Inhibition of EGFR may upregulate TP and downregulate thymidylate synthase (TS), leading to synergistic antitumor effect when combined with C. Methods. A 2-part Phase I study combining GW with C was conducted in 45 patients (pts) with advanced solid tumors: (A) dose-escalation phase (24 pts) and (B) pharmacokinetic phase at the optimally tolerated regimen (OTR) (21 pts): M/F (23:22), median age 57 yrs (34–78), ECOG (0/1/2:29/13/3), heavily:lightly pretreated (23:22), tumor types (H&N (8); breast (8), colorectal (7), lung (6), others (16)) and median cycle 3 (1–9). Pts were treated with 14 days of C (1500–2500 mg/m2) and daily GW (1250–1500 mg) every 3 weeks. Results. Dose-limiting toxicities (DLT) were: Gr 3 mucositis, fatigue and anorexia- 1250 GW/2000 C (n=1); Gr 3 rash (n=1), Gr 3 diarrhea (n=1)- 1500 GW/2000 C & Gr 2 bleeding stomatitis (n=1), Gr 3 diarrhea (n=1)- 1250 GW/2500 C. Other toxicities included stomatitis (36%), nausea/vomiting (30%), diarrhea (45%), unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (14%), fatigue (19%), rash (38%) and hand foot syndrome (29%). OTR was 1250 GW/2000 C. Responses (RECIST criteria) included 1 CR in a woman with inflammatory breast cancer refractory to trastuzimab-and chemotherapy. Her tumor overexpressed ErbB2 (3+) with low TS. In addition, 4 PRs (1 @ erlotinib-resistant H&N; taxane refractory-H&N; breast; gastric) and 6 SD >12 weeks were observed. Conclusions. GW (1250 mg)/C (2000 mg) was active and tolerable. Use of biomarkers (e.g., ErbB2, TS) may identify potential responders. Complete PK data will be presented at the meeting. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration GlaxoSmithKline GlaxoSmithKline GlaxoSmithKline
Pathologie buccale: Péri-buccale et d'origine buccale
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Compliance problems, placebo effect cloud trials of topical analgesic
Authors: P. Cotton
Journal: JAMA (1990)

THE ACTIVE AGENT in hot peppers is getting bland reviews from most clinicians who try it as topical treatment for peripheral neuropathies. Basic scientists, meanwhile, say the mechanism of action of capsaicin makes it a tantalizing research tool. (Please see accompanying article.) Results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled, 8-week trial in 277 patients with diabetic neuropathy indicate 0.075% topical capsaicin ointment (Axsain, Galen-Pharma, Northbrook, Ill) is effective, says Rup Tandan, MD. Much skepticism greeted his results at the American Academy of Neurology meeting in Miami Beach. But he says those ready to give up on capsaicin are not making sure patients use it right. Tandan, assistant professor of neurology at the University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, says pain relief was reported by 75% of patients who received this treatment vs 45% of those who received a placebo. But the benefit became statistically significant only after 4 weeks, when several
Clinical Applications of Coronary Arteriography
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
SUICIDE AND PROPHYLAXIS.
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Coronary Bypass Surgery for Cardiogenic Shock
Authors: Herbert N. Hultgren
Journal: JAMA (1978)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Recently, a reader inquired if there is any present indication for emergency coronary bypass surgery in "patients with refractory cardiac power failure after myocardial infarction but no associated mitral valve insufficiency or ventricular septal defect" (240:385,1978). Three consultants gave an affirmative answer. One stated that the use of "circulatory assistance particularly with the intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) in combination with emergency cardiac surgery has reduced the mortality to between 30% and 40%." The consultant also added that "coronary artery bypass graft surgery alone may on occasion save lives that otherwise would be lost." Four references were cited by the consultants to support their opinions. To my knowledge, there are no published data including the four cited references that support this opinion. The combination of IABP and coronary surgery has not been evaluated using appropriate medical controls despite the obvious need for such studies. In one cited reference
Coronary Risk and LDL Cholesterol
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
STEM-19. RESISTANCE IS FUTILE: UNDERSTANDING AND TARGETING THE CDK5-CREB1-MCL1 AXIS TO PREVENT RADIATION RESISTANCE IN GLIOMA STEM CELLS
Authors: Subhas Mukherjee, Cheryl Olson, Bilge Dunder, Nitya Sharma, Steven Markwell, Daniel Brat
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2019)

Abstract Glioblastoma is a WHO Grade IV malignant brain tumor with a 95% mortality rate within 2–5 years of diagnosis. This prognosis has not improved in the last 30 years, and with standardized radiation therapy, the cancer always recurs. It is not yet clear why the disease relapses, however recent studies have found that a smaller subset of cells called glioma stem cells (GSCs) are known to be radiation-resistant and cause recurrence of glioblastoma. Thus, to develop precision/personalized cancer medicine that can eliminate GSCs to regress tumor growth and prevent glioblastoma recurrence, it is important to understand the molecular mechanism(s) that causes GSCs to become resistant to radiation therapy. We have found that the atypical protein kinase CDK5 regulates self-renewal in primary GSCs through CREB1. Interestingly, CDK5 inhibition also makes GSCs vulnerable to radiation. Our further investigation revealed that CDK5 may regulate MCL1, an anti-apoptotic BCL2 family protein known to cause radiation resistance. We found that CDK5 regulates MCL1 by directly phosphorylating and stabilizing the protein and also by boosting CREB1 mediated transcription of MCL1. Specific suppression of MCL1 makes GSCs more susceptible to radiation. In collaboration with Dr. Oren Becher, we are generating a new RCAS/tv-a mouse model expressing human MCL1 in tumors to see the accelerated tumorigenicity of MCL1 followed by effectivity of MCL1 suppression in radiation therapy. Thus, in this study, we are aiming to understand and target the unique CDK5-CREB1-MCL1 axis that could be critical for developing therapies to combat glioblastoma radiation resistance.
<i>Etude Anthropométrique sur les Prostituées et les Voleuses</i>, par le Docteur Pauline Tarnowsky, (Anthropometric Study of Prostitutes and Female Thieves, by Dr. Pauline Tarnowsky.) Paris, 1889:<i>Bureaux du Progrès Médical</i>. 8vo., pp. 226
Authors: W. L. W.
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1890)
Senile Lentigo
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Diabetes and obesity
Authors: D. L. Horwitz
Journal: JAMA (1982)

The person with diabetes is more likely to be obese than is his nondiabetic peer. Similarly, there is a greater probability of diabetes occurring in an obese person. It is assumed frequently, therefore, that the two are related causally. However, as O'Sullivan points out in this issue ofThe Journal(p 949), there is a dearth of prospective data on this common problem. O'Sullivan has, since 1954, studied groups of women who received prenatal care at Boston City and Boston Lying-In hospitals. Those whose glucose tolerance was abnormal during pregnancy, but who had a normal postpartum oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) result, had subsequent development of diabetes more frequently than did women who had normal OGTT results during pregnancy. The increased risk for women with transient gestational diabetes for development of diabetes later in life is, of course, well recognized.<sup>1</sup>The new analysis of the data, in terms of body
The Spine
Authors: Reginald R. Cooper
Journal: JAMA (1975)

The avowed aspirations of the authors, "to include all aspects of diagnosis and treatment of spinal disease, to lower the traditional disciplinary barriers and biases, and to present a uniform guideline to problem solving in this area," probably border on impossibility. Despite this, they have made a noble and commendable effort. More of our clinical and research efforts must be directed to solving the mystery of the numerous maladies that contribute to discomfort, morbidity, loss of work, deformity, disability, insurance settlements, and legal entanglements. These two attractive, superbly produced, lucidly and profusely illustrated, comprehensive volumes certainly summarize our current state of knowledge, which in many instances remains woefully inadequate. Initial chapters on embryology, anatomy, and surgical approaches provide excellent reviews. Sections on clinical disorders include congenital defects, scoliosis, disk disease, infection, metabolic disease, arthritis, and neoplasms. Although the personal biases of some authors are obvious, in general, these sections present
Teratogenicity/Fetotoxicity of DEHP in Mice
Authors: I. Tomita, Y. Nakamura, Y. Yagi, K. Tutikawa
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1982)

The embryonic/fetotoxic effects of DEHP on pregnant mice (ddY-Slc female x CBA male) were studied. DEHP was administered orally in dosages of 0.05 ml/kg to 30.0 mg/kg on day 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 of gestation. A single administration of DEHP over 0.1 ml/kg (1/300 of LD50) on day 7 of gestation decreased the numbers and the body weight of living fetuses, whereas no significant changes in the numbers of living fetuses (with no gross and skeletal abnormalities) were observed compared with those of the control group, when 0.05 ml/kg (1/600 of LD50) of DEHP was administered. The fetotoxicity (fetal death) was dose dependent. The LD50 and the nonfetolethal maximum dosage of DEHP in its single, oral administration was 592 mg/kg and 64 mg/kg, respectively. The latter value is much higher than an estimated DEHP intake from commercial foodstuffs in men, which is approximately 0.03 mg/kg/day.
Improving safety and adherence of oral chemotherapy.
Authors: George Shahin, Clifton Patrick Layman, Adrian Reyes Bersabe
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

e18788 Background: Oral chemotherapy (OC) has gained increasing popularity due to perceived advantages in convenience and toxicity profiles compared to conventional chemotherapy. Based on ASCO/ONS guidelines, we established standard operating procedures (SOPs) and a nurse-led oral chemotherapy clinic to guide the safe administration and monitoring of OC in our outpatient hematology/oncology clinic. Methods: A dedicated oral chemotherapy clinic led by a certified chemotherapy nurse was created to ensure standard metrics identified in the ASCO/ONS guidelines were met with each patient visit. Fifty-seven charts were randomly selected for a 3-month post intervention analysis. Results: The OC nurse identified toxicities in 17/57 (30%) of cases prompting notification of the ordering physician. This led to modifications in supportive medications in 9/17 (53%) of cases. Dose modifications occurred in 6/17 (35%). Informed consent documentation was available in only 36/57 (63%) charts. Necessary lab work was missing in 7/57 (12%) cases, prompting completion prior to OC release. An incorrect OC was dispensed by pharmacy in one case. Each visit took approximately 30 minutes from check-in to release of OC. All patients received OC education specific to their regimen. Conclusions: A dedicated visit with an OC nurse provided a vital means to ensure patient education, safe prescribing, proper dispensing, and monitoring of toxicities. Nursing identified the need for supportive care interventions and dose reductions in over 25% of charts which mitigated potential adverse events. Due to average time required for each patient encounter, we found this process to be unsustainable with increasing needs and limited resources. Thus, we revised our SOP to include a checklist of standard ASCO/ONS metrics. We also decreased the follow-up requirement for patients who did not require further intense monitoring after 6 months. Ongoing efforts will be made to ensure the effectives of this program. Future interventions will also capture cost effectiveness to establish a fair compensation model for reimbursement and justification of clinical support required to enforce current administration safety standards.
Why fear persists: health care professionals and AIDS
Authors: B. Gerbert
Journal: JAMA (1988)

ACQUIRED immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a frightening disease. Recent studies of dental professionals, physicians, and nurses have documented that fear is a basic and persistent reaction to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic. We have found, for example, that among a sample of dental providers in California, 81% of dentists and dental hygienists and 86% of dental assistants believed they would be at increased risk for infection if they treated people with AIDS.<sup>1,2</sup>Physicians who worry about AIDS have reported increased stress. In one study, 40% of medical house officers and 24% of pediatric house officers said their levels of stress had risen either moderately or extremely because they were concerned about getting AIDS.<sup>3</sup>More than half of the nurses in one study (59%) believed that AIDS could be transmitted to hospital personnel despite infection control precautions.<sup>4</sup>These studies and others show that getting AIDS from a
<i>Circulation</i> : Clinical Summaries
Journal: Circulation (2014)

From a Registry Study of 2169 PatientsCurrently, in the era of radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFA), the management of Wolff-Parkinson-White is based on the distinction between asymptomatic and symptomatic presentations.However, whether symptomatic subjects are at higher risk of ventricular fibrillation is still unclear.The purpose of this prospective, single-center registry study was to evaluate the long-term outcomes and predictors of ablated and nonablated Wolff-Parkinson-White patients.Among 2169 enrolled patients, 1001 (550 asymptomatic and 451 symptomatic) did not have RFA (no-RFA group) and 1168 (206 asymptomatic and 962 symptomatic) did (RFA group).Primary end points were the percentage of patients who experienced ventricular fibrillation (VF) and predictors.During a median follow-up of 96 months, nonfatal cardiac arrest/VF occurred in 15 no-RFA patients, of whom 13 were originally asymptomatic (2.4%; median age, 11 years), and in none of the RFA group.The risk of cardiac arrest/VF was estimated at 2.4 per 1000 personyears (95% confidence interval, 1.3-3.9).Independent risk factors of VF were the induction of atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia degenerating into atrial fibrillation (P<0.001) and short effective refractory period of the accessory pathway (P<0.001),whereas time-dependent receiver-operating characteristic curves identified an optimal cutoff point at 240 milliseconds.These data, while confirming that the vast majority of the Wolff-Parkinson-White population have an excellent prognosis, indicate for the first time that the risk of VF/cardiac arrest essentially depends on intrinsic electrophysiological properties of accessory pathways.In a small percentage of patients found to be at risk after electrophysiological testing, predominantly children and regardless of symptoms, RFA can definitively change the patient's natural history, eliminating the risk of VF and sudden death.See p 811.