tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
“Sorry, but the Ethicist Said Your Life Isn’t Actually Worth Living”: Misunderstanding Ethics and the Role of the Ethics Consultant
Authors: Andy Kondrat
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2023)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeThis article refers to:From Bridge to Destination? Ethical Considerations Related to Withdrawal of ECMO Support over the Objections of Capacitated Patients Additional informationFundingNo funding associated with this work.
Wither Vulnerability? The Over/Under Protection Dilemma and Research Equity
Authors: Amelia K. Barwise, Megan A. Allyse, Jessica R. Hirsch, Michelle L. McGowan, Karen M. Meaghar, Kirsten A. Riggan
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2023)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeThis article refers to:IRBs and the Protection-Inclusion Dilemma: Finding a Balance Additional informationFundingMichelle L. McGowan's work is supported by National Human Genomic Research Institute HG010166.
Don’t Ask Too Much: Non-maleficence as the Guiding Principle in IRB Decision-Making
Authors: Bryan Pilkington, Elli Gourna Paleoudis
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2023)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeThis article refers to:IRBs and the Protection-Inclusion Dilemma: Finding a Balance Additional informationFundingThe author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.
Significant Protection-Inclusion Tensions in Research on Medical Emergencies: A Practical Challenge for IRBs
Authors: Rachel C. Conrad, Neal W. Dickert, Benjamin C. Silverman
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2023)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeThis article refers to:IRBs and the Protection-Inclusion Dilemma: Finding a Balance Additional informationFundingThe author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.
The Moral Relevance of ECMO Bridge Maintenance
Authors: Andrew M. Courtwright
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2023)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeThis article refers to:From Bridge to Destination? Ethical Considerations Related to Withdrawal of ECMO Support over the Objections of Capacitated Patients Additional informationFundingThe author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.
IRBs and Industry Sponsors: Clash of Priorities
Authors: Jacquelyn Harootunian-Cutts
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2023)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeThis article refers to:IRBs and the Protection-Inclusion Dilemma: Finding a Balance Additional informationFundingThe author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.
Ethical Issues in the Transition to ECMO as a Destination Therapy
Authors: Samuel N. Doernberg, Derek R. Soled, Robert D. Truog
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2023)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeThis article refers to:From Bridge to Destination? Ethical Considerations Related to Withdrawal of ECMO Support over the Objections of Capacitated Patients Additional informationFundingThe author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.
Personalizing Care and Communication at the Limits of Technology
Authors: Wynne Morrison, Katie Moynihan
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2023)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeThis article refers to:From Bridge to Destination? Ethical Considerations Related to Withdrawal of ECMO Support over the Objections of Capacitated Patients DISCLOSURE STATEMENTNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingDr. Morrison's time is supported by the Justin Michael Ingerman Endowed Chair in Palliative Care.
When the Bridge Crumbles: Balancing ECMO-DT With Transplant Program Needs
Authors: Paul J. Hutchison, Neeraj Joshi, Katherine Wasson
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2023)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeThis article refers to:From Bridge to Destination? Ethical Considerations Related to Withdrawal of ECMO Support over the Objections of Capacitated Patients Additional informationFundingThe author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.
Battle of the Bridge: Ethical Considerations Related to Withdrawal of ECMO Support for Pediatric Patients over Family Objections
Authors: Jenny Kingsley, Emily R. Berkman, Sabrina F. Derrington
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2023)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeThis article refers to:From Bridge to Destination? Ethical Considerations Related to Withdrawal of ECMO Support over the Objections of Capacitated Patients DISCLOSURE STATEMENTNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThe author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.
The ECMO Bridge and 5 Paths
Authors: Arthur R. Derse
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2023)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeThis article refers to:From Bridge to Destination? Ethical Considerations Related to Withdrawal of ECMO Support over the Objections of Capacitated Patients Additional informationFundingThe author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.
Included but Still Invisible?: Considering the Protection-Inclusion Dilemma in Qualitative Research Findings
Authors: Erika Versalovic, Asad Beck, Timothy E. Brown
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2023)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeThis article refers to:IRBs and the Protection-Inclusion Dilemma: Finding a Balance DISCLOSURE STATEMENTNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThis work was supported by the National Institutes of Health grants 1R01MH130457-01, 1UM1MH130981-01, and 1RF1MH117800-01. It was also supported by the National Science Foundation grant 2223495.
The Human and Humanity that Differentiate Withholding from Withdrawing Life-Sustaining Therapy: An ECMO Bridge to Nowhere
Authors: Jonah Rubin, Ellen Robinson, Emily B. Rubin
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2023)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeThis article refers to:From Bridge to Destination? Ethical Considerations Related to Withdrawal of ECMO Support over the Objections of Capacitated Patients
Integrating Community Perspectives on Inclusion and Protection into IRB Structures
Authors: Isabella Li, Christine Grady
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2023)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeThis article refers to:IRBs and the Protection-Inclusion Dilemma: Finding a Balance DISCLAIMERThe views expressed are those of the authors and do not represent those of the National Institutes of Health or the Department of Health and Human Services.Additional informationFundingThis work was funded by the NIH Intramural Research Program.
Withdrawal of ECMO Support over the Objections of a Capacitated Patient can be Appropriate
Authors: Alexander A. Kon
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2023)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeThis article refers to:From Bridge to Destination? Ethical Considerations Related to Withdrawal of ECMO Support over the Objections of Capacitated Patients Additional informationFundingThe author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.
Fairly Distributing the Distributive Justice Argument Permits Stopping ECMO
Authors: Erica Andrist
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2023)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeThis article refers to:From Bridge to Destination? Ethical Considerations Related to Withdrawal of ECMO Support over the Objections of Capacitated Patients ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSI am indebted to Naomi T. Laventhal, MD, MA, HEC-C, and Marion Kruse, PhD for the thoughtful feedback they offered to sharpen both this manuscript and my own thinking. And as always, I am grateful to Robert D. Truog, MD, who manages to improve my thinking even in the course of a casual conversation. Any factual or logical errors which remain here are entirely my own.DISCLOSURE STATEMENTNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThe author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.
Why Deny ECMO-DT to the Incapacitated?
Authors: Kyle E. Karches
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2023)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeThis article refers to:From Bridge to Destination? Ethical Considerations Related to Withdrawal of ECMO Support over the Objections of Capacitated Patients Additional informationFundingThe author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.
Whole Model Path Planning‐Guided Multi‐Axis and Multi‐Material Printing of High‐Performance Intestinal Implantable Stent
Authors: Jiahang Wang, Jinjian Huang, Ze Li, Kang Chen, Huajian Ren, Xiuwen Wu, Jianan Ren, Zongan Li
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

The problems of step effects, supporting material waste, and conflict between flexibility and toughness for 3D printed intestinal fistula stents are not yet resolved. Herein, the fabrication of a support-free segmental stent with two types of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) using a homemade multi-axis and multi-material conformal printer guided with advanced whole model path planning is demonstrated. One type of TPU segment is soft to increase elasticity, and the other is used to achieve toughness. Owing to advancements in stent design and printing, the obtained stents present three unprecedented properties compared to previous three-axis printed stents: i) Overcoming step effects; ii) Presenting comparable axial flexibility to a stent made of a single soft TPU 87A material, thus increasing the feasibility of implantation; and iii) Showing equivalent radial toughness to a stent made of a single hard TPU 95A material. Hence, the stent can resist the intestinal contractive force and maintain intestinal continuity and patency. Through implanting such stents to the rabbit intestinal fistula models, therapeutic mechanisms of reducing fistula output and improving nutritional states and intestinal flora abundance are revealed. Overall, this study develops a creative and versatile method to improve the poor quality and mechanical properties of medical stents.
Target trial emulation to assess real-world efficacy in the Epidemiological Strategy and Medical Economics metastatic breast cancer cohort
Authors: Alison Antoine, David Pérol, Mathieu Robain, Suzette Delaloge, Christine Lasset, Youenn Drouet
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2023)

Abstract Background Real-world data studies usually consider biases related to measured confounders. We emulate a target trial implementing study design principles of randomized trials to observational studies; controlling biases related to selection, especially immortal time; and measured confounders. Methods This comprehensive analysis emulating a randomized clinical trial compared overall survival in patients with HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer (MBC), receiving as first-line treatment, either paclitaxel alone or combined to bevacizumab. We used data from 5538 patients extracted from the Epidemiological Strategy and Medical Economics–MBC cohort to emulate a target trial using advanced statistical adjustment techniques including stabilized inverse-probability weighting and G-computation, dealing with missing data with multiple imputation, and performing a quantitative bias analysis for residual bias due to unmeasured confounders. Results Emulation led to 3211 eligible patients, and overall survival estimates achieved with advanced statistical methods favored the combination therapy. Real-world effect sizes were close to that assessed in the existing E2100 randomized clinical trial (hazard ratio = 0.88, P = .16), but the increased sample size allowed to achieve a higher level of precision in real-world estimates (ie, reduced confidence intervals). Quantitative bias analysis confirmed the robustness of the results with respect to potential unmeasured confounding. Conclusion Target trial emulation with advanced statistical adjustment techniques is a promising approach to investigate long-term impact of innovative therapies in the French Epidemiological Strategy and Medical Economics–MBC cohort while minimizing biases and provides opportunities for comparative efficacy through the synthetic control arms provided. Database registration clinicaltrials.gov Identifier NCT03275311.
Strengthening global-change science by integrating aeDNA with paleoecoinformatics
Authors: John W. Williams, Trisha L. Spanbauer, Peter D. Heintzman, Jessica Blois, Eric Capo, Simon J. Goring, Marie-Eve Monchamp, Laura Parducci, Jordan M. Von Eggers, Inger Greve Alsos, Chris Bowler, Marco J.L. Coolen, Nicola Cullen, Sarah Crump, Laura Saskia Epp, Antonio Fernandez-Guerra, Eric Grimm, Ulrike Herzschuh, Alessandro Mereghetti, Rachel Sarah Meyer, Kevin Nota, Mikkel Winther Pedersen, Vilma Pérez, Beth Shapiro, Kathleen R. Stoof-Leichsenring, Jamie Wood
Journal: Trends in Ecology & Evolution (2023)
Highly multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections in war victims in Ukraine, 2022
Authors: Oskar Ljungquist, Oleksandr Nazarchuk, Gunnar Kahlmeter, Vigith Andrews, Thalea Koithan, Lisa Wasserstrom, Dmytro Dmytriiev, Nadiia Fomina, Vira Bebyk, Erika Matuschek, Kristian Riesbeck
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2023)
Progression of cerebral amyloid angiopathy: a pathophysiological framework
Authors: Emma A Koemans, Jasmeer P Chhatwal, Susanne J van Veluw, Ellis S van Etten, Matthias J P van Osch, Marianne A A van Walderveen, Hamid R Sohrabi, Mariel G Kozberg, Zahra Shirzadi, Gisela M Terwindt, Mark A van Buchem, Eric E Smith, David J Werring, Ralph N Martins, Marieke J H Wermer, Steven M Greenberg
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2023)
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass induces hepatic transcriptomic signatures and plasma metabolite changes indicative of improved cholesterol homeostasis
Authors: Fanny Lalloyer, Denis A. Mogilenko, Ann Verrijken, Joel T. Haas, Antonin Lamazière, Mostafa Kouach, Amandine Descat, Sandrine Caron, Emmanuelle Vallez, Bruno Derudas, Céline Gheeraert, Eric Baugé, Gaëtan Despres, Eveline Dirinck, Anne Tailleux, David Dombrowicz, Luc Van Gaal, Jerôme Eeckhoute, Philippe Lefebvre, Jean-François Goossens, Sven Francque, Bart Staels
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2023)
Neuroimaging standards for research into small vessel disease—advances since 2013
Authors: Marco Duering, Geert Jan Biessels, Amy Brodtmann, Christopher Chen, Charlotte Cordonnier, Frank-Erik de Leeuw, Stéphanie Debette, Richard Frayne, Eric Jouvent, Natalia S Rost, Annemieke ter Telgte, Rustam Al-Shahi Salman, Walter H Backes, Hee-Joon Bae, Rosalind Brown, Hugues Chabriat, Alberto De Luca, Charles deCarli, Anna Dewenter, Fergus N Doubal, Michael Ewers, Thalia S Field, Aravind Ganesh, Steven Greenberg, Karl G Helmer, Saima Hilal, Angela C C Jochems, Hanna Jokinen, Hugo Kuijf, Bonnie Y K Lam, Jessica Lebenberg, Bradley J MacIntosh, Pauline Maillard, Vincent C T Mok, Leonardo Pantoni, Salvatore Rudilosso, Claudia L Satizabal, Markus D Schirmer, Reinhold Schmidt, Colin Smith, Julie Staals, Michael J Thrippleton, Susanne J van Veluw, Prashanthi Vemuri, Yilong Wang, David Werring, Marialuisa Zedde, Rufus O Akinyemi, Oscar H Del Brutto, Hugh S Markus, Yi-Cheng Zhu, Eric E Smith, Martin Dichgans, Joanna M Wardlaw
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2023)
Re-sensitization to pembrolizumab following PSMA-CD3 T-cell redirection therapy with JNJ-081 in a patient with mismatch repair-deficient metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a case report
Authors: Darien E Reed-Perino, Michael Lai, Evan Y Yu, Michael T Schweizer
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2023)

While checkpoint inhibitor therapy has revolutionized the treatment landscape of some solid tumors, it has shown limited efficacy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancers (mCRPC). A small (~3–5%) but clinically distinct subset of mCRPC tumors have a DNA mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) and develop a hypermutation phenotype with elevated tumor mutational burden and high microsatellite instability (MSI-H). Retrospective analyses have shown dMMR/MSI-H status to be a predictive biomarker for response to pembrolizumab in prostate tumors. Here, in this report, we present a case of a patient with mCRPC harboring a somatic dMMR who had progressed on pembrolizumab after an initial response. He enrolled on a clinical trial with JNJ-081, a prostate-specific membrane antigen-CD3 bispecific T-cell engager antibody and experienced a partial response with course complicated by cytokine release syndrome. On progression, he was reinitiated on pembrolizumab and experienced an exceptional second response, with his prostate-specific antigen falling from a high of 20.01 to undetectable after 6 weeks and remaining undetectable for &gt;11 months. To our knowledge, this represents the first reported case of bispecific T-cell engager-mediated re-sensitization to checkpoint inhibitor therapy in any cancer.
Building an interdisciplinary workforce for prevention and control of non-communicable diseases: the role of e-learning
Authors: Svetlana Akselrod, Téa E Collins, Connie Hoe, Julia Seyer, Kate Tulenko, Flaminia Ortenzi, Daria Berlina, Howard Sobel
Journal: BMJ (2023)

<b>Svetlana Akselrod and colleagues</b> argue that interdisciplinary education for health workers, including through e-learning programmes, can help improve the quality of integrated care for non-communicable diseases
The promise of digital health technologies for integrated care for maternal and child health and non-communicable diseases
Authors: Téa E Collins, Svetlana Akselrod, Aliina Altymysheva, Pham Thi Quynh Nga, Nick Banatvala, Daria Berlina
Journal: BMJ (2023)

Téa Collins and colleagues argue that evidence based digital health can improve access to and the quality of integrated care, especially in low and middle income countries The past decade has seen rapid growth in the use of information and communications technologies in healthcare worldwide. The covid-19 pandemic further accelerated the uptake of digital health, with the average growth of internet traffic in 2020 of 48% compared with pre-pandemic forecasts of average annual growth between 2016 and 2020 of 30%.1 The effective use of adequately designed digital health technologies (box 1) has the potential to strengthen health systems and reduce health inequalities.2 Digital health may increase access to and the quality of healthcare, particularly in remote areas; improve opportunities for integrated services throughout the life course; support healthcare workers in clinical decision making and facilitate their interactions with patients; and strengthen data collection and management for improved surveillance. Box 1 ### Definitions of digital health and related interventionsRETURN TO TEXT
Talking about death: the consultant geriatrician
Authors: Marika Davies
Journal: BMJ (2023)

Lucy Pollock teaches her trainees to accept uncertainty and use all their senses."Read the signals and watch what's going on; don't just listen with your ears, listen with your whole body.Then try and focus on what matters most," she says."Algorithmic medicine does not work in people with complex medical problems, so listen to your patient.
Clinical utility of periodic reinterpretation of CNVs of uncertain significance: an 8-year retrospective study
Authors: Jean-Marie Ravel, Mathilde Renaud, Jean Muller, Aurélie Becker, Émeline Renard, Thomas Remen, Geneviève Lefort, Mylène Dexheimer, Philippe Jonveaux, Bruno Leheup, Céline Bonnet, Laëtitia Lambert
Journal: Genome Medicine (2023)

Abstract Background Array-CGH is the first-tier genetic test both in pre- and postnatal developmental disorders worldwide. Variants of uncertain significance (VUS) represent around 10~15% of reported copy number variants (CNVs). Even though VUS reanalysis has become usual in practice, no long-term study regarding CNV reinterpretation has been reported. Methods This retrospective study examined 1641 CGH arrays performed over 8 years (2010–2017) to demonstrate the contribution of periodically re-analyzing CNVs of uncertain significance. CNVs were classified using AnnotSV on the one hand and manually curated on the other hand. The classification was based on the 2020 American College of Medical Genetics (ACMG) criteria. Results Of the 1641 array-CGH analyzed, 259 (15.7%) showed at least one CNV initially reported as of uncertain significance. After reinterpretation, 106 of the 259 patients (40.9%) changed categories, and 12 of 259 (4.6%) had a VUS reclassified to likely pathogenic or pathogenic. Six were predisposing factors for neurodevelopmental disorder/autism spectrum disorder (ASD). CNV type (gain or loss) does not seem to impact the reclassification rate, unlike the length of the CNV: 75% of CNVs downgraded to benign or likely benign are less than 500 kb in size. Conclusions This study’s high rate of reinterpretation suggests that CNV interpretation has rapidly evolved since 2010, thanks to the continuous enrichment of available databases. The reinterpreted CNV explained the phenotype for ten patients, leading to optimal genetic counseling. These findings suggest that CNVs should be reinterpreted at least every 2 years.