Abstract 32: Patterns of segregation among diverse Hispanic/Latino adults- implications for cancer prevention
Authors: Catherine M. Pichardo, Jesse J. Plascak, Lisa A. Sanchez-Johnsen, Amber Pirzada, Amanda L. Roy, Margaret S. Pichardo, Earle C. Chambers, Sheila F. Castañeda, Ramon A. Durazo-Arvizu, Krista M. Perreira, Tanya P. Garcia, Matthew Allison, Jordan Carlson, Martha L. Daviglus, Gregory A. Talavera, Linda C. Gallo
Journal: Cancer Research (2022)

Abstract Background: Residential segregation has been associated with cancer incidence and mortality. Hispanic/Latinos (HL) experience moderate to high residential segregation. Purpose: This study investigates levels of racial and ethnic residential segregation and racialized economic concentrations at the extremes in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). Methods: We used baseline data from 16,415 HL adults enrolled in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos between 2008-2011 from the Bronx, NY; Chicago, IL; Miami, FL; and San Diego, CA. Segregation measures were calculated from census tract-level (2006-2010 American Community Survey and 2010 decennial census). We measured residential segregation using the % HL Gini coefficient, to capture variability of HL residents within the census tract, and the isolation index, to capture the probability that HL residents come into contact with other members of the same minority group. We measured racialized economic (race/ethnicity + income) concentration using the Index of Concentration at the Extremes (ICE), to capture spatial social polarization at the extremes. We compared means of HCHS/SOL population characteristics using linear regression and adjusted Wald tests for continuous, binary, and categorical variables, respectively, calculated from weighted complex samples analyses. Results: On average, overall segregation was moderate to high (M±SE): Gini (0.39 ± 0.00); Isolation (0.76 ± 0.01); ICE (race: -0.64 ± 0.01; income: -0.29 ± 0.01; race + income: -0.26 ± 0.01). HL adults who were older (&amp;gt; 65 y: 0.80 ± 0.01; 45-65 y: 0.77 ± 0.008; 18-44 y: 0.75 ± 0.75, p = .000) and foreign/territory-born residing in US &amp;lt;10 years (0.81 ± 0.009; p = 0.000; foreign/territory-born residing in US &amp;gt;=10 years: 0.76 ± 0.01; vs. US born: 0.70 ± 0.01) and preferred Spanish (0.79 ± 0.01; p = .000 vs. English: 0.69 ± 0.007) experienced higher racial/ethnic segregation as measured by the Isolation index. HL of Cuban (0.42 ± 0.006, p = 0.049) vs. all other heritage experienced the as measured by the % HL Gini index. We found higher levels of racialized economic segregation among foreign/territory-born residing in US &amp;lt;10 years (-0.32 ± 0.01) vs. foreign/territory-born residing in US &amp;gt;= 10 years (-0.26 ± .01) and US born (-0.21 ± 0.01; p = 0.000); individuals that preferred Spanish (-0.28 ± 0.01) vs. English (-0.21 ± .01; p = 0.000); and self-reported Cuban heritage (-0.42 ± 0.01; p = .000) vs all other heritage. Conclusion: Using multiple, measures of segregation, we found that HL adults who were older, foreign born, and preferred Spanish experienced moderate and high levels of segregation. It is important for future work to examine the impact of racial/ethnic and economic segregation on social determinants of cancer disparities within segregated environments among diverse HL. Citation Format: Catherine M. Pichardo, Jesse J. Plascak, Lisa A. Sanchez-Johnsen, Amber Pirzada, Amanda L. Roy, Margaret S. Pichardo, Earle C. Chambers, Sheila F. Castañeda, Ramon A. Durazo-Arvizu, Krista M. Perreira, Tanya P. Garcia, Matthew Allison, Jordan Carlson, Martha L. Daviglus, Gregory A. Talavera, Linda C. Gallo. Patterns of segregation among diverse Hispanic/Latino adults- implications for cancer prevention [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 32.