AB0679 OPHTHALMOLOGICAL FINDINGS BY STRUCTURAL SPECTRAL DOMAIN OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS
Authors: M. E. Ventura Valenzuela, V. González Díaz, G. Martinez-Bonilla, A. G. Bernard Medina, J. F. Uribe Martinez, C. A. Rosal Arteaga, S. Perez-Topete, J. Salazar García, S. Sánchez Sánchez, S. Cerpa-Cruz
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2023)

<h3>Background</h3> Systemic Lupus Erythematosus represents the prototype of autoimmune systemic disease, its etiology involves aberrant interactions between genetic, immunological and environmental factors, affecting multiple organs and systems; about a third of patients present ocular alterations, with a variable degree of severity from mild clinical manifestations involving external and anterior ocular segments, to severe sight-threatening disease involving posterior eye segments. <h3>Objectives</h3> Describe and correlate ocular and clinical findings, as well as the positivity of autoantibodies in patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus using structural Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT). <h3>Methods</h3> Cross-sectional single-center study, descriptive statistics and correlation analysis were performed using Spearman's test of the ocular findings determined by (SD-OCT) and serological determinations of antiphospholipid autoantibodies, anti-nuclear antibodies, anti-DNAds and anti-Smith antibodies in patients with Lupus during the months of January 2020 to December 2020, performing general ophthalmological examination and structural Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography. <h3>Results</h3> 29 patients were included, 26 women and 3 men, positive antiphospholipid antibodies in 56% of the population, lupus nephritis was found by renal biopsy in 49% of the population, disease activity was determined by MEX-SLEDAI, finding &gt;9 points in 11% and &lt;9 points in 89% of the population. Maculopathy was found in 24% of patients; the correlations between autoantibodies and ophthalmological abnormalities determined by SD-OCT were: Lupus anticoagulant/Maculopathy p=0.008, anticardiolipin antibodies/maculopathy p= 0.026, anti Smith/choriocapillaritis p=0.014, decreased capillary perfusion/choriocapillaritis p= 0.003 and choroiditis p= 0.012, decreased perfusion by quadrants/maculopathy p=0.043. A decrease in retinal thickness was found in 65% of the population, also in the density of ganglion and macular cells and in the density of the optic nerve head. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Findings in our study were predominantly choroidal, macular and capillary alterations; a specific serological correlation was found between maculopathy and chorioretinitis with positive Lupus Anticoagulant, as well as alterations in capillary perfusion in patients with positive antiphospholipid and anti-Smith antibodies. The use of SD-OCT can provide valuable and early information on the ocular microstructure and biological system in SLE and other autoimmune diseases affecting the eyes. <h3>References</h3> [1]Dias-Santos A, Tavares Ferreira J, Pinheiro S, Cunha JP, Alves M, Papoila AL, et al. Neurodegeneration in systemic lupus erythematosus: layer by layer retinal study using optical coherence tomography. Int J Retina Vitr. 2020 Dec;6(1):15. [2]Işik MU, Akmaz B, Akay F, Güven YZ, Solmaz D, Gercik Ö, et al. Evaluation of subclinical retinopathy and angiopathy with OCT and OCTA in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Int Ophthalmol. 2021 Jan;41(1):143–50. [3]Tsokos GC, Lo MS, Reis PC, Sullivan KE. New insights into the immunopathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2016 Dec;12(12):716–30. <h3>Disclosure of Interests</h3> None declared