tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Curriculum for bariatric endoscopy and endoscopic treatment of the complications of bariatric surgery: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Position Statement
Authors: Ivo Boškoski, Valerio Pontecorvi, Mostafa Ibrahim, Vincent Huberty, Roberta Maselli, Stefan K. Gölder, Jan Kral, Jayanta Samanta, Árpád V. Patai, Rehan Haidry, Marcus Hollenbach, Enrique Pérez-Cuadrado-Robles, Marco Silva, Helmut Messmann, Tony C. Tham, Raf Bisschops
Journal: Endoscopy (2023)

Main recommendations Obesity is a chronic, relapsing, degenerative, multifactorial disease that is associated with many co-morbidities. The global increasing burden of obesity has led to calls for an urgent need for additional treatment options. Given the rapid expansion of bariatric endoscopy and bariatric surgery across Europe, the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) has recognized the need to formalize and enhance training in bariatric endoscopy and the endoscopic treatment of bariatric surgical adverse events. This manuscript represents the outcome of a formal Delphi process resulting in an official Position Statement of the ESGE and provides a framework to develop and maintain skills in bariatric endoscopy and the endoscopic treatment of bariatric surgical adverse events. This curriculum is set out in terms of the prerequisites prior to training, minimum number of procedures, the steps for training and quality of training, and how competence should be defined and evidenced before independent practice. 1 ESGE recommends that every endoscopist should have achieved competence in upper gastrointestinal endoscopy before commencing training in bariatric endoscopy and the endoscopic treatment of bariatric surgical adverse events. 2 Trainees in bariatric endoscopy and the endoscopic treatment of the complications of bariatric surgery should have basic knowledge of the definition, classification, and social impact of obesity, its pathophysiology, and its related co-morbidities. The recognition and management of gastrointestinal diseases that are more common in patients with obesity, along with participation in multidisciplinary teams where obese patients are evaluated, are mandatory. 3 ESGE recommends that competency in bariatric endoscopy and the endoscopic treatment of the complications of bariatric surgery can be learned by attending validated training courses on simulators initially, structured training courses, and then hands-on training in tertiary referral centers.
Predicting severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations using quantitative CT: a retrospective model development and external validation study
Authors: Muhammad F A Chaudhary, Eric A Hoffman, Junfeng Guo, Alejandro P Comellas, John D Newell, Prashant Nagpal, Spyridon Fortis, Gary E Christensen, Sarah E Gerard, Yue Pan, Di Wang, Fereidoun Abtin, Igor Z Barjaktarevic, R Graham Barr, Surya P Bhatt, Sandeep Bodduluri, Christopher B Cooper, Lisa Gravens-Mueller, MeiLan K Han, Ella A Kazerooni, Fernando J Martinez, Martha G Menchaca, Victor E Ortega, Robert Paine III, Joyce D Schroeder, Prescott G Woodruff, Joseph M Reinhardt
Journal: The Lancet Digital Health (2023)

Quantitative CT is becoming increasingly common for the characterisation of lung disease; however, its added potential as a clinical tool for predicting severe exacerbations remains understudied. We aimed to develop and validate quantitative CT-based models for predicting severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations.
Sodium bicarbonate for kidney transplant recipients with metabolic acidosis in Switzerland: a multicentre, randomised, single-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial
Authors: Nilufar Mohebbi, Alexander Ritter, Anna Wiegand, Nicole Graf, Suzan Dahdal, Daniel Sidler, Spyridon Arampatzis, Karine Hadaya, Thomas F Mueller, Carsten A Wagner, Rudolf P Wüthrich
Journal: The Lancet (2023)
The effect of higher protein dosing in critically ill patients with high nutritional risk (EFFORT Protein): an international, multicentre, pragmatic, registry-based randomised trial
Authors: Daren K Heyland, Jayshil Patel, Charlene Compher, Todd W Rice, Danielle E Bear, Zheng-Yii Lee, Victoria C González, Kevin O'Reilly, Racquel Regala, Courtney Wedemire, Miguel Ibarra-Estrada, Christian Stoppe, Luis Ortiz-Reyes, Xuran Jiang, Andrew G Day
Journal: The Lancet (2023)
Low-dose intravenous and subcutaneous CIS43LS monoclonal antibody for protection against malaria (VRC 612 Part C): a phase 1, adaptive trial
Authors: Kirsten E Lyke, Andrea A Berry, Kaitlin Mason, Azza H Idris, Mark O'Callahan, Myra Happe, Larisa Strom, Nina M Berkowitz, Mercy Guech, Zonghui Hu, Mike Castro, Manjula Basappa, Lu Wang, Kwang Low, LaSonji A Holman, Floreliz Mendoza, Ingelise J Gordon, Sarah H Plummer, Olga Trofymenko, Kathleen S Strauss, Sudhaunshu Joshi, Biraj Shrestha, Matthew Adams, Andrezza Campos Chagas, Jittawadee R Murphy, Judy Stein, Somia Hickman, Andrew McDougal, Bob Lin, Sandeep R Narpala, Sandra Vazquez, Leonid Serebryannyy, Adrian McDermott, Martin R Gaudinski, Edmund V Capparelli, Emily E Coates, Richard L Wu, Julie E Ledgerwood, Lesia K Dropulic, Robert A Seder, Cheryl Young, Colleen Boyce, Jennifer Winkler, Susan Holian, Nancy Greenberg, Shirley George, Alyson Kwon, Brenda Dorsey, Ana Raquel Da Costa, William Witt, Daryl Grays, Arren Gapasin, Paula Bernal, Jeffrey Floyd, Eric Goldstein, Leslie Howe, Myounghee Lee, Jennifer Marron, Kelly Brooks, Lisa Turek, Patricia Farley, Shantel Frels, Delores Booth, Jason Gall, Kevin Carlton, Gabriela Albright, Nadia Amharref, Kandace Atallah, Sashikanth Banappagari, Niutish Bastani, Daniel Blackstock, Bobby Boonyaratanakornkit, Elizabeth Carey, Adam Charlton, Rajoshi Chaudhuri, Alegria M. Caringal, Mingzhong Chen, Peifeng Chen, Wei Cheng, Daniel Gowetski, Krishana Gulla, Erica Hastings, Joe Horwitz, Vera Ivleva, Dan Kordella, Lisa A. Kueltzo, Sara Lagler, Matt Le, James Lee, Paula Lei, Yile Li, Attila Nagy, Aakash Patel, Peyi Runsewe, Will Shadrick, Shamitha Shetty, Hairong Wang, Calvin Webber, Farah Vejzagic, Yoo-Jung Yang
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2023)
Secondary data for global health digitalisation
Authors: Anatol-Fiete Näher, Carina N Vorisek, Sophie A I Klopfenstein, Moritz Lehne, Sylvia Thun, Shada Alsalamah, Sameer Pujari, Dominik Heider, Wolfgang Ahrens, Iris Pigeot, Georg Marckmann, Mirjam A Jenny, Bernhard Y Renard, Max von Kleist, Lothar H Wieler, Felix Balzer, Linus Grabenhenrich
Journal: The Lancet Digital Health (2023)
Revealing the complexity of ultra-soft hydrogel re-swelling inside the brain
Authors: Michael Shur, Outman Akouissi, Olivier Rizzo, Didier J. Colin, John M. Kolinski, Stéphanie P. Lacour
Journal: Biomaterials (2023)

The brain is an ultra-soft viscoelastic matrix. Sub-kPa hydrogels match the brain's mechanical properties but are challenging to manipulate in an implantable format. We propose a simple fabrication and processing sequence, consisting of de-hydration, patterning, implantation, and re-hydration steps, to deliver brain-like hydrogel implants into the nervous tissue. We monitored in real-time the ultra-soft hydrogel re-swelling kinetics in vivo using microcomputed tomography, achieved by embedding gold nanoparticles inside the hydrogel for contrast enhancement. We found that re-swelling in vivo strongly depends on the implant geometry and water availability at the hydrogel-tissue interface. Buckling of the implant inside the brain occurs when the soft implant is tethered to the cranium. Finite-element and analytical models reveal how the shank geometry, modulus and anchoring govern in vivo buckling. Taken together, these considerations on re-swelling kinetics of hydrogel constructs, implant geometry and soft implant-tissue mechanical interplay can guide the engineering of biomimetic brain implants.
Auxin-inducible degron 2 system deciphers functions of CTCF domains in transcriptional regulation
Authors: Judith Hyle, Mohamed Nadhir Djekidel, Justin Williams, Shaela Wright, Ying Shao, Beisi Xu, Chunliang Li
Journal: Genome biology (2023)

Abstract Background CTCF is a well-established chromatin architectural protein that also plays various roles in transcriptional regulation. While CTCF biology has been extensively studied, how the domains of CTCF function to regulate transcription remains unknown. Additionally, the original auxin-inducible degron 1 (AID1) system has limitations in investigating the function of CTCF. Results We employ an improved auxin-inducible degron technology, AID2, to facilitate the study of acute depletion of CTCF while overcoming the limitations of the previous AID system. As previously observed through the AID1 system and steady-state RNA analysis, the new AID2 system combined with SLAM-seq confirms that CTCF depletion leads to modest nascent and steady-state transcript changes. A CTCF domain sgRNA library screening identifies the zinc finger (ZF) domain as the region within CTCF with the most functional relevance, including ZFs 1 and 10. Removal of ZFs 1 and 10 reveals genomic regions that independently require these ZFs for DNA binding and transcriptional regulation. Notably, loci regulated by either ZF1 or ZF10 exhibit unique CTCF binding motifs specific to each ZF. Conclusions By extensively comparing the AID1 and AID2 systems for CTCF degradation in SEM cells, we confirm that AID2 degradation is superior for achieving miniAID-tagged protein degradation without the limitations of the AID1 system. The model we create that combines AID2 depletion of CTCF with exogenous overexpression of CTCF mutants allows us to demonstrate how peripheral ZFs intricately orchestrate transcriptional regulation in a cellular context for the first time.
Noninvasive serum biomarkers for liver steatosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: current and future
Authors: Sang Bong Ahn
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2023)

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects approximately 30% of the population worldwide and includes nonalcoholic fatty liver, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and cirrhosis. Since NAFLD-associated diseases begin with steatosis, the early diagnosis of steatosis helps to prevent the progression of NASH and fibrosis. In addition, more convenient and easily diagnosable serum biomarkers are becoming crucial in disease diagnosis. In this report, we summarize the known serum biomarkers for liver steatosis and provide guidance for their application in clinical practice.
Effect of patisiran on stroke volume in hereditary t<scp>ransthyretin‐mediated</scp> amyloidosis: insights from p<scp>ressure–volume</scp> analysis of the <scp>APOLLO</scp> study
Authors: Hannah R. Rosenblum, Jan M. Griffin, Masatoshi Minamisawa, Narayana Prasad, John Vest, Matthew T. White, Scott D. Solomon, Daniel Burkhoff, Mathew S. Maurer
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2023)
Preferential delivery of lipid-ligand conjugated DNA/RNA heteroduplex oligonucleotide to ischemic brain in hyperacute stage
Authors: Fuying Li, Keiko Ichinose, Satoru Ishibashi, Syunsuke Yamamoto, Eri Iwasawa, Motohiro Suzuki, Kie Yoshida-Tanaka, Kotaro Yoshioka, Tetsuya Nagata, Hideki Hirabayashi, Kaoru Mogushi, Takanori Yokota
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2023)

Antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) is a major tool used for silencing pathogenic genes. For stroke in the hyperacute stage, however, the ability of ASO to regulate genes is limited by its poor delivery to the ischemic brain owing to sudden occlusion of the supplying artery. Here we show that, in a mouse model of permanent ischemic stroke, lipid-ligand conjugated DNA/RNA heteroduplex oligonucleotide (lipid-HDO) was unexpectedly delivered 9.6 times more efficiently to the ischemic area of the brain than to the contralateral non-ischemic brain and achieved robust gene knockdown and change of stroke phenotype, despite a 90% decrease in cerebral blood flow in the 3 h after occlusion. This delivery to neurons was mediated via receptor-mediated transcytosis by lipoprotein receptors in brain endothelial cells, the expression of which was significantly upregulated after ischemia. This study provides proof-of-concept that lipid-HDO is a promising gene-silencing technology for stroke treatment in the hyperacute stage.
Unreported SARS-CoV-2 Home Testing and Test Positivity
Authors: Soo Park, Gregory M. Marcus, Jeffrey E. Olgin, Thomas Carton, Rita Hamad, Mark J. Pletcher, Rasha Khatib, Carmen R. Isasi, Paul Meissner, Heather Kitzman, Djeneba Audrey Djibo, Emily O'Brien, Pelin Ozluk, Gosia Sylwestrzak, Alan Kaul, Vinit Nair, Tom Carton, Erica Johnson, Janna Garcia Torres, Claudia Pulgarin, Natasha Williams, Julie Castex, Amy Feehan, Kristen Azar, Alice Pressman, Sylvia Sudat, Matthew Brandner, Madelaine F. Modrow, Rita Hamad, John Kornak, Greg Marcus, Jeff Martin, Jeffrey Olgin, Jaime Orozco, Soo Park, Noah Peyser, Mark J. Pletcher, Sara Knight, Ana Sanchez-Birkhead, Mark Weiner
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

This cohort study examines time trends in officially reported SARS-CoV-2 case counts and unreported home test positivity.
Glioblastoma Spheroid Invasion through Soft, Brain‐Like Matrices Depends on Hyaluronic Acid–CD44 Interactions
Authors: Gevick Safarians, Alireza Sohrabi, Itay Solomon, Weikun Xiao, Soniya Bastola, Bushra W. Rajput, Mary Epperson, Isabella Rosenzweig, Kelly Tamura, Breahna Singer, Joyce Huang, Mollie J. Harrison, Talia Sanazzaro, Michael C. Condro, Harley I. Kornblum, Stephanie K. Seidlits
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Increased secretion of hyaluronic acid (HA), a glycosaminoglycan abundant in the brain extracellular matrix (ECM), correlates with worse clinical outcomes for glioblastoma (GBM) patients. GBM cells aggressively invade the brain parenchyma while encountering spatiotemporal changes in their local ECM, including HA concentration. To investigate how varying HA concentrations affect GBM invasion, patient-derived GBM cells are cultured within a soft, 3D matrix in which HA concentration is precisely varied and cell migration observed. Data demonstrate that HA concentration can determine the invasive activity of patient-derived GBM cells in a biphasic and highly sensitive manner, where the absolute concentration of HA at which cell migration peaked is specific to each patient-derived line. Furthermore, evidence that this response relies on phosphorylated ezrin, which interacts with the intracellular domain of HA-engaged CD44 to effectively link the actin cytoskeleton to the local ECM is provided. Overall, this study highlights CD44-HA binding as a major mediator of GBM cell migration that acts independently of integrins and focal adhesion complexes and suggests that targeting HA-CD44-ezrin interactions represents a promising therapeutic strategy to prevent tumor cell invasion in the brain.
Reply
Authors: Christopher L. Bowlus, Lionel Arrivé, Annika Bergquist, Mark Deneau, Lisa Forman, Sumera I. Ilyas, Keri E. Lunsford, Mercedes Martinez, Gonzalo Sapisochin, Rachna Shroff, James H. Tabibian, David N. Assis
Journal: Hepatology (2023)

Ali and colleagues raise issues of insurance coverage for oral vancomycin (OV) for the treatment of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC); however, the purpose of AASLD guidance statements is to help clinicians understand and implement the most recent evidence (https://www.aasld.org/practice-guidelines). The writing group, Practice Guidance Committee, and AASLD Governing Board and supported the final statement that there is insufficient evidence to recommend the use of OV which is consistent with the 2022 European Association for the Study of the Liver guidelines.1 The meta-analysis referred to included only 2 randomized controlled trials of OV.2. The largest study randomized 29 patients to OV or placebo for 12 weeks and reported an improvement in Mayo Risk Score, though total bilirubin did not change. The other randomized controlled trials was not placebo-controlled and included 8 and 9 patients who received low or high doses of OV, respectively, for 12 weeks. Compared with baseline, alkaline phosphatase decreased in both groups, and Mayo Risk Score decreased only in the low-dose group, but without change in total bilirubin. A third study was open-labeled and reported on 30 enrolled subjects and 29 patients treated outside protocol, 25 (42%) of whom had small duct PSC, and several previously treated with OV.3 The methods used to support the claims of imprvements in histology and cholangiograms were not reported. In contrast, a retrospective study of 264 patients found that neither OV nor ursodiol were associated with clinical improvements compared with observation in pediatric patients with PSC.4 Thus, the data supporting the use of OV in PSC is not "robust" and the statements Ali an colleagues made about OV are not supported by current evidence. More concerning is the suggestion that OV might be a substitute for biologics for treating inflammatory bowel disease. Management of PSC-associated inflammatory bowel disease was outside the scope of the Guidance, but multiple society guidelines do not recommend vancomycin for acute severe ulcerative colitis. All stakeholders desire a safe and effective treatment for PSC. Ali and colleagues believe that OV is that treatment, but current evidence does not support this belief.
How I treat multiple myeloma in geriatric patients
Authors: Thierry Facon, Xavier Leleu, Salomon Manier
Journal: Blood (2023)

Multiple myeloma (MM) is primarily a disease of older patients. Until recently, geriatric aspects in the context of MM have been poorly investigated. Treatment outcomes for geriatric patients with MM are often compromised by comorbidities and an enhanced susceptibility to adverse events from therapy. Assessment of patient frailty has become more frequent and will be useful in the context of significant and continuous advances in therapy. The recent emergence of immunotherapy with CD38 monoclonal antibodies and upcoming immunooncology drugs, such as bispecific antibodies, will lead to additional therapeutic progress. The applicability of these new molecules to older and frail patients is a key clinical question. Here, we present 2 patient cases derived from clinical practice. We review current frailty scores and standards of care for older, newly diagnosed patients with MM, including frail subgroups, and discuss ways to tailor treatment, as well as treatment perspectives in this population.
Aldehyde dehydrogenase in solid tumors and other diseases: Potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets
Authors: Jie Xia, Siqin Li, Suling Liu, Lixing Zhang
Journal: MedComm (2023)

The family of aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) contains 19 isozymes and is involved in the oxidation of endogenous and exogenous aldehydes to carboxylic acids, which contributes to cellular and tissue homeostasis. ALDHs play essential parts in detoxification, biosynthesis, and antioxidants, which are of important value for cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival in normal body tissues. However, ALDHs are frequently dysregulated and associated with various diseases like Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and especially solid tumors. Notably, the involvement of the ALDHs in tumor progression is responsible for the maintenance of the stem-cell-like phenotype, triggering rapid and aggressive clinical progressions. ALDHs have captured increasing attention as biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis. Nevertheless, these require further longitudinal clinical studies in large populations for broad application. This review summarizes our current knowledge regarding ALDHs as potential biomarkers in tumors and several non-tumor diseases, as well as recent advances in our understanding of the functions and underlying molecular mechanisms of ALDHs in disease development. Finally, we discuss the therapeutic potential of ALDHs in diseases, especially in tumor therapy with an emphasis on their clinical implications.
Dopamine inhibits group 2 innate lymphoid cell-driven allergic lung inflammation by dampening mitochondrial activity
Authors: Yingjiao Cao, Yu Li, Xiangyang Wang, Shaorui Liu, Yongmei Zhang, Gaoyu Liu, Shusen Ye, Yuhao Zheng, Jiacong Zhao, Xiaodong Zhu, Yingying Chen, Haixu Xu, Dingyun Feng, Dubo Chen, Ling Chen, Wangkai Liu, Wenjie Zhou, Zhi Zhang, Pan Zhou, Kai Deng, Lilin Ye, Ying Yu, Zhi Yao, Qiang Liu, Heping Xu, Jie Zhou
Journal: Immunity (2023)
Liver fibrosis therapy based on biomimetic nanoparticles which deplete activated hepatic stellate cells
Authors: Shenglong Xia, Zimo Liu, Jieru Cai, Huiming Ren, Qi Li, Hongfang Zhang, Jing Yue, Quan Zhou, Tianhua Zhou, Liangjing Wang, Xiangrui Liu, Xuefei Zhou
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2023)
Classifying extracranial large‐vessel giant cell arteritis using the new 2022 American College of Rheumatology/ <scp>EULAR</scp> classification criteria: comment on the article by Ponte et al
Authors: Santos Castañeda, Esther F. Vicente‐Rabaneda, Miguel A. González‐Gay
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2023)

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Minimal invasiveness in gingival augmentation and root coverage procedures
Authors: Francesco Cairo, Rino Burkhardt
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2023)

Abstract Minimally invasive surgical procedures aim at optimal wound healing, a reduction of postoperative morbidity and, thus, at increased patient satisfaction. The present article reviews the concept of minimal invasiveness in gingival augmentation and root coverage procedures, and critically discusses the influencing factors, technical and nontechnical ones, and relates them to the underlying biological mechanisms. Furthermore, the corresponding outcomes of the respective procedures are assessed and evaluated in relation to a possible impact of a minimized surgical invasiveness on the clinical, aesthetic, and patient‐related results.