tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Plasminogen activator inhibitor type-2 in the lesional epidermis of lupus erythematosus
Authors: M. J. BECHTEL, B. M. SCHAEFER, M. D. KRAMER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

Under certain pathophysiological conditions epidermal keratinocytes produce urokinase‐type plasminogen activator (LIPA) or tissue‐type PA (tPA). These PAs are subject to regulation by PA inhibitors (PAI). including PAl type‐2 (PAI‐2). In the normal epidermis. PAI‐2 is present in the differentiating suprabasal layers, albeit in the apparent absence of PAs. It has, therefore, been suggested that PAI‐2 plays a role in epidermal differentiation not linked to its ability lo inhibit PAs. In line with this hypothesis, we have studied, by immunohistochemistry. the distribution of PAI‐2. uPA and tPA in the normal and in the lesional epidermis of patients with lupus erythematosus (LE). a disease in which epidermal differentiation is disturbed. The PAI‐2 antigen was detectable in the normal epidermis and in the lesional epidermis of LE. In the normal epidermis, the PAI‐2 antigen was most pronounced in the granular layer. In the hyperkeratotic epidermal lesions of LE. the PAI‐2 antigen was increased. In normal and lesional skin. PAI‐2 was distributed along the cell periphery. Indicating its association with the cornified envelope. Neither uPA nor tPA was detectable in normal or lesional epidermis. Our findings show that PAI‐2 is a major type of PAI in normal epidermis and in the lesional epidermis of LE, and that increased epidermal PAI‐2 is observed in a disease which is not associated with an increase in epidermal PAs. The data support the hypothesis that epidermal PAI‐2 may have other functions than the regulation of PA activity.
Adjuvant Chemotherapy of Breast Cancer
Authors: John C. Morrison
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> As a practicing oncologist, I read with anticipation the recent MEDICAL NEWS article on the adjuvant chemotherapy of breast cancer (1980;244:1079). Several areas of controversy were touched on; the most interesting was the question of whether adjuvant therapy should be used in women with negative nodes. Readers should be aware that there are randomized, prospective controlled trials that bear directly on this subject. Senn and Mayr,<sup>1</sup>reporting for the Swiss Co-operative studies (OSAKO &amp; SAKK) in 1979, showed a highly significant advantage (<i>P</i>=.007) in disease-free survival for node-negative premenopausal and postmenopausal patients who received six months of adjuvant chemotherapy with chlorambucil, methotrexate, fluorouracil, and BCG vaccine. Median follow-up after modified radical mastectomy was three years. Based on the low toxicity of the chemotherapy regimen employed and the encouraging results, they are in the process of expanding their study. The Scandinavian Adjuvant Chemotherapy study used a single,
The transformation of pityriasis lichenoides chronica into parakeratosis variegata in an 11-year-old girl
Authors: U.M. NIEMCZYK, T.M. ZOLLNER, M. WOLTER, G. STAIB, R. KAUFMANN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

Parakeratosis variegata is a rare disorder with unknown aetiology. In a few cases it arises from benign skin diseases such as pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta (Mucha Habermann disease) or pityriasis lichenoides chronica. However, transformation into malignant diseases such as cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma has been observed. We report an 11‐year‐old girl with a 10‐year history of pityriasis lichenoides chronica now presenting with parakeratosis variegata. Analysis of skin infiltrating T cells showed clonally rearranged T‐cell receptor γ chains occurring with a frequency of more than 2%. This finding is compatible with the clinical observation of parakeratosis variegata transforming into a malignant T‐cell disorder. We therefore suggest that patients suffering from parakeratosis variegata and other diseases such as pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta or pityriasis lichenoides chronica should be continuously monitored.
On the Physical Death of Jesus Christ
Authors: Glenn J. Potter
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The Journaldeserves to be commended for publishing "On the Physical Death of Jesus Christ"1 with its breadth of scope and inclusion of interesting ideas, some of which do not fall within the strict discipline of science. The drawing in Fig 4 of a typical nail is illuminating. It seems to have been made from a study of the (clinched) nail that impaled the ossa calcis of Jehohanan. Removal of the body of Jesus from the cross was a problem, solved, I propose, by partly driving out from the back of the patibulum the nails transfixing the wrists, if the nails protruded, after which dirt was removed from behind the stipes until it leaned and could be pulled out of the ground from behind. If there was a suppedaneum, it could have been split up by a chisel or wedge and removed piecemeal, whereupon the feet could
Single Photon Emission Tomography of the Pituitary: Preliminary Communication
Authors: Keith Britton, Brahm Shapiro
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1981)

A specific application of single photon emission tomography to the relative quantitation of the pituitary region is described together with the results obtained in 19 patients with pituitary adenoma proven by air encephalography. These are compared with those obtained by X-ray computer tomography and conventional brain imaging and a superiority of single photon emission tomography is demonstrated in this small series.
Acknowledgment to reviewers
Authors: C Arbesman, K Ishizaka, R Aspinal, M Kaliner, E Bacal, A Kaplan, H Baer, R Katz, G Beall, J Kelly, I Bernstein, T King, C Bierman, M Kopetsky, M Blumenthal, R Krell, G Brasher, D Levy, H Chai, L Lichtenstein, R Coffey, P Lieberman, J Condemi, R Lackey, J Connell, F Lowell, R Deswarte, K Mathews, J Dolovich, J Mclean, M Dworetzky, W Metzger, E Ellis, M Miller, A Fauci, V Moore, J Fish, H Morris, D Flaherty, D Newman, M Frank, P Norman, S Freedman, R Orange, C Frick, H Parker, D Gewurz, E Pearlman, J Gillespie, T Pruzansky, C Golbert, J Reed, R Grant, R Reisman, J Hamburger, K Reynolds, T Harris, L Rice, R Henderson, N Roberts
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1977)
Sister Chromatid Exchanges In Vivo in Mouse Mammary Adenocarcinoma&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Ranjit Banerjee, Anna Goldfeder, Jyotirmay Mitra
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1981)

The proliferation and genetic characteristics of a mouse mammary adenocarcinoma designated dbrB are described. This tumor was maintained as subcutaneous serial transplants in syngeneic inbred mice of the DBA/1J strain. Quantitative in vivo sister chromatid exchange(s) (SCE) were determined in the tumor cells and in the bone marrow cells of the host strain. Over a twofold increase in SCE, frequency was noted in the dbrB tumor cells compared to the bone marrow cells. The high frequency of SCE in the dbrB tumor was assumed to be caused by the high degree of malignancy of this tumor. Such information indicating genetic stress may serve for evaluation of the degree of malignancy in neoplasms.
Temporal Arteritis Developing in the Course of Sulfonamide Therapy
Authors: Daniel K. Lee
Journal: JAMA (1967)

A VARIETY of drugs has been implicated as causal agents in cases of generalized vasculitis, but only one has been proposed to be etiologically related to a case of temporal arteritis (giant-cell arteritis). Kalliomaki and Laurén<sup>1</sup>reported the case of a 63-year-old woman who had classic signs, symptoms, and pathological findings of temporal arteritis three weeks following the initiation of indomethacin therapy. Recently, we have encountered a patient with the classic temporal arteritis syndrome whose symptoms occurred after therapy with sulfonamide, to which he had a known allergy. This case report is prompted by the apparent rarity of association of drug therapy and temporal arteritis as opposed to certain other forms of vasculitis, and the presently obscure relationship between the various vasculitides which may, in part, be further defined by the accumulation of such information. <h3>Report of a Case</h3><h3>Present Illness.—</h3> A 70-year-old white, retired clothing salesman was admitted
A Small-Dose Iron Tolerance Test as an Indicator of Mild Iron Deficiency
Authors: William H. Crosby
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Small doses of iron (5 to 20 mg) were used to study absorption in normal and mildly iron-deficient men. Plasma iron concentration was measured before and at frequent intervals after ingestion of iron. Men with normal iron stores showed little change in plasma iron levels, while mildly iron-deficient men showed large increases. This consistent observation of increases in plasma iron levels indicates that the iron tolerance test using small doses of iron is a sensitive indicator of iron deficiency. It provides a means of studying iron absorption without the use of radioactive tracers. (<i>JAMA</i>1984;251:1986-1987)
Distribution of Medicare Payments
Authors: K. Suh
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Physicians are always blamed for ever-increasing medical costs, especially for Medicare. However, other industries are being supported by Medicare. We would like to share our recent experience. An elderly woman was admitted to the hospital twice in 1983, for heart disease and fracture. Because of complications, some six physicians saw the patient. When she died, the estate lawyer declared that there was no estate left whatsoever, except Medicare payments for the doctor bill. Apparently no one accepted assignments, and the Medicare "reimbursement" was sent directly to the estate. The lawyer paid the funeral home first, then himself in full. Then he distributed the remainder to the physicians according to the size of the bills or "contribution" to the estate. Some physicians received less than 30% of what they billed Medicare. Thus, the funeral home and the lawyer benefited by receiving 100% of their bills from the estate
Leads from the MMWR. Distribution of AIDS cases, by racial/ethnic group and exposure category, United States, June 1, 1981-July 4, 1988
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Tumors of the Female Pelvic Organs
Journal: JAMA (1935)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A Manual of Individual Mental Tests and Testing.
Journal: JAMA (1928)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
In-flight Emergencies: Doc Riders in the Sky
Authors: Lawrence I. Bonchek
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The recent article by Cummins and Schubach<sup>1</sup>on medical emergencies among commercial air travelers points out helpfully that a "doctors only" medical kit containing a few essential drugs has been required by the Federal Aviation Administration on US commercial aircraft since August 1,1986. Perhaps it is worth pointing out to physicians traveling on international flights that in-flight emergency drugs are also available from other passengers on the same aircraft. Common drugs such as nitroglycerin, calcium channel blocking agents, tranquilizers, bronchodilators, etc, are so widely used that an announcement on the airplane loudspeaker will usually bring forth most necessary drugs in oral form. Some years ago, I was called to assist a middle-aged Englishman on a British Airways flight from London to New York. The man had a history of coronary disease and had developed unremitting (preinfarction) angina in midflight (beyond the point of no return). His
Highlights from Recent Cancer Literature
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Experiments in murine models of human cancer have revealed a significant role for the cytokine interleukin (IL)-6, mediated through induced intracellular signaling via transcription factor STAT3, in regulating inflammation-associated carcinogenesis.IL-6 is also present in the tumor microenvironment of many human cancers, where elevated plasma IL-6 represents a poor prognostic indicator.In human ovarian cancer biopsies, automated immunohistochemistry analyses similarly revealed that high levels of IL-6 in malignant, but not stromal cells, were associated with worse clinical outcomes.To determine if high levels of IL-6 represent a targeted anticancer therapy that could be translated for clinical use, Coward and colleagues combined preclinical and in silico experiments with a phase II clinical trial examining the anti-IL-6 antibody siltuximab in patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer.Siltuximab reduced constitutive cytokine and chemokine production, and STAT3 signaling in cultured ovarian cancer cells.When siltuximab was given to mice bearing human IL-6-producing peritoneal ovarian cancer xenografts, a reduction in tumor growth was accompanied by inhibition of tumor-associated macrophage infiltrate, angiogenesis, and STAT3 signaling in malignant cells as well as reductions in human IL-6, chemokines, and angiogenic factors in the tumor microenvironment.Together, these findings indicate that patients receiving siltuximab might exhibit a therapeutic response.Accordingly, in a limited phase II clinical trial (18 patients) in which siltuximab was well tolerated, 1 patient exhibited a partial response and 7 other patients showed extended periods of disease stabilization lasting up to 9 months.In 4 patients treated for 6 months, plasma levels of CCK2, CXCL12, and VEGF declined.Finally, mRNA expression levels of biomarkers reduced by siltuximab treatment were correlated with elevated gene expression of IL-6-induced mRNAs and macrophage markers in ovarian cancer gene expression microarrays.Hence, this study indicates that IL-6 stimulates inflammatory cytokine production by malignant cells, tumor angiogenesis, and macrophage infiltration, all of which were neutralized by anti-IL-6 antibody.Identification of biomarkers that show which patients are most likely to benefit from this novel therapy is certainly warranted.This work could help to determine the potential of combining IL-6 signaling blockade with chemotherapy, other immune therapies, or more specific targeted treatments.(Image from cited
Educational Council for Foreign Medical Graduates
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cigarette Smoking as a Confounder of the Relationship Between Relative Weight and Long-term Mortality
Authors: Robert J. Garrison
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Cigarette smoking is a potential confounder of the relationship between obesity and mortality, and statistical control for this factor requires careful consideration. Framingham Heart Study subjects were weighed, their stature measured, and cigarette smoking histories obtained at the first biennial examination starting in 1949. Of men under desirable weight (Metropolitan relative weight [MRW], &lt;100%), more than 80% were smokers, while only about 55% of the extremely overweight men were cigarette smokers. When age-, smoking-, and MRW-specific mortalities for 26 years of follow-up were calculated in these men, it was found that smokers had higher mortality than nonsmokers but that in the smokers and nonsmokers, minimum mortalities occurred for subjects who were initially in the "desirable weight" group (MRW, 100% to 109%). Among cigarette smokers, lean men (MRW, &lt;100%) experienced considerably elevated mortality, often higher than that in all but the most overweight cigarette smokers. These findings suggest that elevated mortality in low-weight American men results from the mortality risks associated with cigarette smoking and demonstrates the need for controlling for cigarette smoking when considering the relationship between relative weight and mortality. Furthermore, the concept of "desirable weight" developed by the Metropolitan Life Insurance Co in 1959 and subsequently distributed in tabular form is validated by this long-term study. Thus, even those men who were near the average weight (about 20% above "desirable weight") showed appreciably elevated mortality. This finding is contrary to the widely held view that moderate overweight carries no increased risk. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;249:2199-2203)
Acute coronary syndromes
Authors: Meyer Elbaz, Jérôme Roncalli
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Given how serious coronary pathologies can be, any chest pain must automatically be considered as an acute coronary syndrome. This single term covers acute coronary syndromes with elevation of the ST segment, conventionally called STEMI. They have to be treated as emergencies for diagnosis and treatment. Reperfusion by thrombolysis or angioplasty is carried out without delay in the framework defined by the recommendations. The survival and functional prognosis of the patient depend on how quickly reperfusion is started and how successful it is. Acute coronary syndromes without ST segment elevation are called NSTEMI. They are only rarely considered as emergency cases for angioplasty. The diagnosis, which may sometimes be difficult, is based on hospital monitoring of the electrocardiogram, repeated troponin tests, and the patient's clinical context (prior coronary revascularization, renal failure, diabetes ...). Depending on tropinin levels, NSTEMI are divided into tropinin+ NSTEMI (with raised tropinin levels) and tropinin- NSTEMI (without raised tropinin level). Treatment for acute coronary syndromes, ST+ and NST (with confirmed or highly probable coronary origin), should initially include an association of antiplatelet and anticoagulant treatment, which will be continued if the coronary origin is confirmed. The long-term prognosis for the patient will be largely dependent on education and the control of cardiovascular risk factors. Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) groups together all the clinical manifestations previously subdivided into myocardial infarction, (transmural or rudimentary) and various categories of unstable angina manifestations.
THE ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE.
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal