tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Exhaled nitric oxide and oxygenation abnormalities in hepatic cirrhosis
Authors: G Rolla, L Brussino, P Colagrande, L Dutto, S Polizzi, E Scappaticci, S Bergerone, M Morello, A Marzano, G Martinasso, M Salizzoni, C Bucca
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

Impaired arterial oxygenation, ranging from increased alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient (AaDo 2 ) to hypoxemia, is commonly present in patients with cirrhosis. Nitric oxide (NO), through pulmonary vasodilatation, may play a major role in the oxygen abnormalities of cirrhosis. Our aim was to study the relationship between NO production and O2 abnormalities in 45 nonsmoking patients with cirrhosis and without major cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. Intrapulmonary shunting was detected by contrast-enhanced (CE) echocardiography. Lung volumes and diffusion, arterial blood gas analysis, serum NO 2 - /NO 3 - , NO output in the exhaled air, and cardiac index by the echocardiographic method were determined in all patients. Twenty-seven (60%) patients had an abnormally increased (&gt; 15 mm Hg) AaDo 2 . The mean values of exhaled NO output and serum NO 2 - /NO 3 - were significantly higher in cirrhotic patients than in controls (252 ± 117 vs. 75.2 ± 19 nL/min/m2, P &lt; .0001; and 47.5 ± 29.4 vs. 32.9 ± 10.1 μmol/L, P &lt; .02, respectively). In all patients, there was a significant correlation between exhaled NO and AaDo 2 (r = .78, P &lt; .0001). Twelve patients (26.6%) were found to have CE-echocardiographic evidence of intrapulmonary shunting (positive CE-echo). Nine patients were considered to have hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) on the basis of an AaDo 2 &gt; 15 mm Hg and positive CE-echo. These 9 patients had a mean value of exhaled NO significantly higher than patients without HPS (331 ± 73.2 vs. 223 ± 118.4 nL/min/m 2 , P &lt; .05). In all patients, cardiac index was positively correlated with exhaled NO (r = .47, P &lt; .001) and with serum NO 2 - /NO 3 - (r = .43, P &lt; .01). The results suggest an important role of NO in the oxygenation and circulatory abnormalities of patients with cirrhosis.
MEDICINE ON THE CHEROKEE OUTLET
Authors: J. H. T.
Journal: JAMA (1960)

An editorial entitled "Desert Medicine" in the February 13 issue ofThe Journalconcluded with a plea to physicians to write of frontier medicine, either from firsthand experience or from recollections of reliable anecdotes related by trustworthy raconteurs. I have no evidence that this admonition has produced any scrivening as of this date. There has been published recently, however, a volume of stories on Oklahoma medicine:<i>The Doctor Was Here</i>by William P. Neilson, physician and civicminded citizen of Enid, Oklahoma. Many of us associate this 46th state of the Union with John Steinbeck's Oakies, Rodgers and Hammerstein's musical or even the nation's top football team. Few are aware of the derivation of the nickname or other features of days when this land was a territory without representation in the United States Congress. Neilson's story begins in 1893, the year of the world's fair in Chicago, with the opening of
Clinical Enzymology
Authors: Hyman Rochman
Journal: JAMA (1980)

An education in clinical pathology, for those who utilize the clinical laboratory, should be a major concern in medical training, undergraduate and postgraduate. Lack of knowledge is particularly noticeable in the field of clinical enzymology. One of the preconditions for attracting the clinician to the study of laboratory tests is a concise readable book presented in an attractive format. Griffiths and his 15 co-authors have accomplished this, especially in the sections on lactic dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase. The informative discussion of these two enzymes, which are among the most frequently requested in clinical chemistry tests, alone justifies this volume. Clinicians requesting these assays would do well to read these sections. The foreword of the book presents a brief but extremely interesting history of clinical enzymology; perhaps it could be expanded in a later edition. The remaining sections, "Creatine Phosphokinase" (CK) and "Gamma Glutamyl Transferase," are somewhat uneven. As with all
Application of a simple serology based genotyping assay in a prospective cohort of patients with chronic hepatitis C California Pacific Medical Center, San Franscio, CA; Section of Hepatobiliary Diseases1, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, and Murex Diagnostics2, Kent, UK
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

We have examined retinol esterification in the established GRX cell line, representative of hepatic stellate cells, and in primary cultures of ex vivo purified murine hepatic stellate cells. The metabolism of [3H]retinol was compared in cells expressing the myofibroblast or the lipocyte phenotype, under the physiological retinol concentrations. Retinyl esters were the major metabolites, whose production was dependent upon both acyl-CoA:retinol acyltransferase (ARAT) and lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT). Lipocytes had a significantly higher esterification capacity than myofibroblasts. In order to distinguish the intrinsic enzyme activity from modulation of retinol uptake and CRBP-retinol content of the cytosol in the studied cells, we monitored enzyme kinetics in the purified microsomal fraction. We found that both LRAT and ARAT activities were induced during the conversion of myofibroblasts to lipocytes. LRAT induction was dependent upon retinoic acid, while that of ARAT was dependent upon the overall induction of the fat storing phenotype. The fatty acid composition of retinyl-esters suggested a preferential inclusion of exogenous fatty acids into retinyl esters. We conclude that both LRAT and ARAT participate in retinol esterification in hepatic stellate cells: LRAT’s activity correlates with the vitamin A status, while ARAT depends upon the availability of fatty acyl-CoA and the overall lipid metabolism in hepatic stellate cells.
Autumn
Authors: Marc Straus
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The contribution of doctors to early Australiana
Authors: B. Gandevia
Journal: JAMA (1966)

The refusal of America to accept British convicts after the War of Independence led more or less directly to the colonization of New South Wales. In the First Fleet, which left England in May 1787, was John White (1757-1832), a naval surgeon of ten years' standing, Surgeon-General designate of the convict settlement to be established at Botany Bay—or, as it transpired, at Port Jackson (Sydney), a more satisfactory site a few miles to the north. It was on Jan 26, 1788, that "the English colours were displayed" for the first time on shore, and his Majesty's health and the settlement's success formally toasted. White kept a full diary from March 1787, before the fleet set sail, to November 1788. Entitled<i>A Journal of a Voyage to New South Wales</i>, it was published in London in 1790 (Fig 1), the third of a now-famous series of some half dozen books, composed
Renaming schizophrenia
Authors: Jeffrey A Lieberman, Michael B First
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Despite increasing provision of school sex education, teenage sexual health in the United Kingdom is in overall decline, with increasing rates of terminations and sexually transmitted infections in under 18s outweighing recent modest reductions in conception rates in this age group. 1 2 w1 Counterintuitively, rather than improving sexual health, sex behaviour interventions can make it worse.w2 Most studies on sex education programmes in schools examine intermediate outcomes only, such as pupil satisfaction or reported condom use.This often facilitates premature false claims of success, whereas more robust outcome measures such as rates of terminations, unplanned conceptions, and sexually transmitted infections show no benefit.In this week's BMJ Henderson and colleagues report the effect of a theoretically based teacher delivered sex education programme (SHARE) on registered conceptions and terminations. 3 The trial found no significant difference between the intervention and control groups in National Health Service registered conceptions (per 1000 pupils: 300 SHARE v 274 control; difference 26, 95% confidence interval 33 to 86) or terminations (127 SHARE v 112 control; difference 15, 13 to 42) between ages 16 and 20.The results should stimulate urgently needed change from previous ineffective approaches to school sex education for which, as the authors admit, "evidence of effectiveness is mixed."Evidence shows that increased knowledge is a necessary but insufficient cause of change in sexual behaviour.w3 It is also clear that strategies such as promoting availability and correct use of condoms and increasing use of the emergency pill do not necessarily lead to a reduction in sexually transmitted disease rates, 1 pregnancies, w4 or terminations. 4 So what needs to happen next?Henderson and colleagues stress the need for more comprehensive approaches that incorporate the influence of parents on sexual experience in teenagers, and to improve the future life opportunities for vulnerable young people.The false assumption that "young teens will have sex anyway" is an insult to many young people who have the capacity to rise to a far more effective challenge than just "use a condom every time."Delaying first intercourse is recognised as an important outcome measure of sex education programmes, and teenagers are more likely to save sex (a more positive and helpful term than "abstinence") when their parents communicate the importance of doing so. 5 Of course, to be involved in this way, parents have to be with their RESEARCH p133
The assessment of diagnostic tests. A survey of current medical research
Authors: S. B. Sheps
Journal: JAMA (1984)

To study current diagnostic test evaluation, 129 recent articles were assessed against several well-known methodological criteria. Only 68% employed a well-defined "gold standard." Test interpretation was clearly described in only 68% and was stated to be "blind" in only 40%. Approximately 20% used the terms<i>sensitivity and specificity</i>incorrectly. Predictive values were considered in only 31% and the influence of disease prevalence and study setting was considered in only 19%. Overall, 74% failed to demonstrate more than four of seven important characteristics and there was an increased proportion of high specificities reported in this group. Articles assessing new tests reported high sensitivities and specificities significantly more often than articles assessing existing tests. These results indicate a clear need for greater attention to accepted methodological standards on the part of researchers, reviewers, and editors. (<i>JAMA</i>1984;252:2418-2422)
Osteopathic Data.
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Comments on "heroin maintenance"
Authors: V. P. Dole
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Many concerned citizens have urged that clinics for legal distribution of heroin be established to deal with the drugcrime problem in our major cities. In New York, for example, at least 250,000 heroin addicts support their habits by thefts and drug pushing. People are being robbed on the streets and in their homes; businesses are burdened with heavy losses which ultimately are reflected in higher living costs; neighborhoods are deteriorating, and buildings are abandoned; the stable middle class is leaving for the suburbs, and hundreds of millions of dollars per year are being diverted from legitimate business to the underworld. Obviously, something must be done. Since there is no immediate prospect of curing these 250,000 addicts, why not give heroin to addicts under medical supervision rather than force them into criminal activity, as we are now doing? This argument seems convincing. What is the fallacy? The weak point in the
Combined Exposure to Ozone and Nitrogen Dioxide
Authors: Bernard D. Goldstein
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1979)

A study of rats acutely exposed to ozone (0.5--2.0 ppm) or nitrogen dioxide (2--20 ppm) for 2 hr and sacrificed immediately thereafter shows little similarity in the individual biochemical effects of these pollutants. No evidence of nitrogen dioxide-induced lipid peroxidation was observed. Of interest is the finding that inhalation of nitrogen dioxide increases the extent to which concanavalin A agglutinates alveolar macrophages while ozone has exactly the opposite effect.
Contents
Authors: Winston Chamberlain, Charles Lin, Ariana Austin, Nicholas Schubach, Jameson Clover, Stephen Mcleod, Travis Porco, Thomas Lietman, Jennifer Rose-Nussbaumer, Francis Price, Marianne Price, Thomas Samuelson, David Chang, Robert Marquis, Brian Flowers, K Lim, Ike Ahmed, Henry Jampel, Tin Aung, Alan Crandall, Kuldev Singh, Kent Taylor, Xiuqing Guo, Linda Zangwill, Jeffrey Liebmann, Christopher Girkin, Robert Feldman, Harvey Dubiner, Yang Hai, Brian Samuels, Joseph Panarelli, John Mitchell, Lama Al-Aswad, Sung Park, Celso Tello, Jeremy Cotliar, Rajendra Bansal, Paul Sidoti, George Cioffi, Dana Blumberg, Robert Ritch, Nicholas Bell, Lauren Blieden, Garvin Davis, Felipe Medeiros, Swapan Das, Jasmin Divers, Carl Langefeld, Nicholette Palmer, Barry Freedman, Donald Bowden, Maggie Ng, Ida Chen, Radha Ayyagari, Jerome Rotter, Robert Weinreb, Jennifer Sun, Adam Glassman, Wesley Beaulieu, Cynthia Stockdale, Neil Bressler, Christopher Owen, Alicja Rudnicka, Roshan Welikala, M Moazam Fraz, Sarah Barman, Robert Luben, Shabina Hayat, Kay-Tee Khaw, David Strachan, Peter Whincup, Paul Foster, Siva Balasubramanian, Joanne Beckmann, Hemal Mehta, Srinivas Sadda, Karntida Chanwimol, Marco Nassisi, Irena Tsui, Neil Marlow, Saurabh Jain, Jason Yam, Yuning Jiang, Shu Tang, Antony Law, Joyce Chan, Emily Wong, Simon Ko, Alvin Young, Clement Frcophth, Jia Li, Chi Pang, Padmaja Sankaridurg, Huy Tran, J Willem, L Tideman, Jan Polling, Vincent Boh, Johannes Vingerling, Caroline Klaver, Julia Sammons, Erin Graf, Sara Townsend, Cindy Hoegg, Sarah Smathers, Susan Coffin, Katie Williams, Stephanie Mitchell, Ursula Nawab, David Munson, Graham Quinn, James Chodosh, Amy Hutchinson, Raymond Kraker, Stacy Pineles, Deborah Vanderveen, Lorri Wilson, Jennifer Galvin, Scott Lambert
Journal: Ophthalmology (2018)
Reply
Authors: Matthieu Camus, Franck Pagès, Jérôme Galon
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

In Response: Although important, the tumors' chromosomal instability/microsatellite instability (MSI) characterization suggested by Speetjens and Kuppen was beyond the scope of our study. Our primary goal was to investigate (through an immunologic perspective) the reasons why some of the patients diagnosed with primary colorectal cancer (CRC) experience concomitant lymph node or distant metastases (1). We indeed uncovered distinct immunologic functional patterns that could account for the differences in the metastatic status of the patients.MSI-H tumors account for ∼17% (median) of CRCs (2). In an earlier study, we showed that a majority (50%) of the CRCs have high levels of T-cell infiltrates (3). Although it is very much possible that some of these CRCs with high levels of T-cell infiltrates are MSI-H, they could not have been the majority of the tumors. Nonetheless, we agree with Speetjens and Kuppen that the CpG island methylator phenotype and MSI states of the tumors (among others) may also be important factors involved in host-immune reaction. In the future, we intend to integrate the tumor's CpG island methylator phenotype/MSI status with other variables related to the tumor and its microenvironment to decipher the complex dialogue between the tumor and the host that shapes the immune response.No potential conflicts of interest were disclosed.
Mortality after first myocardial infarction. Search for a secular trend
Authors: E. Weinblatt
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Two earlier studies of prognosis of coronary heart disease among men enrolled in the Health Insurance Plan in the 1960s and 1970s permitted us to examine whether prognosis had improved over this ten-year period. The new comparison involved 1,133 men aged 35 to 64 years who had survived a first acute myocardial infarction and were followed up for mortality after a baseline examination. Mortality estimates were controlled for clinical and demographic differences between the two cohorts by multivariate methods and by comparing subgroups. The analyses showed no difference in long-term prognosis between patients in the two decades. The observations in this population suggest that any contribution of improved medical care to the nationally observed secular decline in mortality from coronary heart disease in the time period studied was probably restricted to the acute stage of myocardial infarction. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;247:1576-1581)
Klinische Wochenschrift, Berlin
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Reference Error
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Reply: Underground Mining, Smoking, and Lung Cancer
Authors: L.-G. Larsson, M.D., Ph.D., L. Damber, M.A.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1986)

Journal Article Reply: Underground Mining, Smoking, and Lung Cancer Get access L.-G. Larsson, M.D., Ph.D., L.-G. Larsson, M.D., Ph.D. Centre of Oncology, University Hospital, University of Umeå, S-901 85 Umeå, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar L. Damber, M.A. L. Damber, M.A. Centre of Oncology, University Hospital, University of Umeå, S-901 85 Umeå, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 76, Issue 3, March 1986, Pages 553–554, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/76.3.553-a Published: 01 March 1986
<i>Announcement: </i>Guidance for U.S. Laboratory Testing for Zika Virus Infection: Implications for Health Care Providers
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2016)

CDC has released updated guidance online for U.S. laboratory testing for Zika virus infection. The guidance is available at https://www.cdc.gov/zika/laboratories/lab-guidance.html. Frequently asked questions are addressed at https://www.cdc.gov/zika/laboratories/lab-guidance-faq.html. This guidance updates recommendations for testing of specimens by U.S. laboratories for possible Zika virus infection. Major updates to the guidance with clinical implications for health care providers include the following.