Hospitalized While Incarcerated: Incarceration-Specific Care Practices
Authors: Farah Acher Kaiksow, Brie A. Williams, Lawrence A. Haber
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2023)

Ideas and Opinions24 October 2023Hospitalized While Incarcerated: Incarceration-Specific Care PracticesFarah Acher Kaiksow, MD, MPP, Brie A. Williams, MD, MS, and Lawrence A. Haber, MDFarah Acher Kaiksow, MD, MPPDivision of Hospital Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin (F.A.K.), Brie A. Williams, MD, MSPriscilla Chan and Mark Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital & Trauma Center, The Center for Vulnerable Populations, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California (B.A.W.), and Lawrence A. Haber, MDDivision of Hospital Medicine, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado (L.A.H.).Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M23-1873 Annals Author Insight Video - Farah Acher Kaiksow, MD, MPP In this video, Farah Acher Kaiksow, MD, MPP, offers additional insight into the article, "Hospitalized While Incarcerated: Incarceration-Specific Care Practices." (Duration 3:27) SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail More than 2 million people in the United States are incarcerated; Black, Latinx, and Native American persons are overrepresented in this population (1). Incarcerated persons have lower levels of education and income, higher rates of preincarceration homelessness and chronic medical conditions, and shorter life expectancies than those who are nonincarcerated (2, 3). Although most medical care for these persons is provided in carceral facilities, transfers to community hospitals occur when medical needs outweigh what can be provided on-site. As of 2011, hospitalization in the community accounted for approximately 20% of state carceral health care budgets (4). Here, we define "community ...References1. Sawyer W, Wagner P. Mass Incarceration: The Whole Pie 2023. Prison Policy Initiative; 14 March 2023. Accessed at www.prisonpolicy.org/reports/pie2023.html on 15 December 2022. Google Scholar2. Binswanger IA, Krueger PM, Steiner JF. Prevalence of chronic medical conditions among jail and prison inmates in the USA compared with the general population. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2009;63:912-919. [PMID: 19648129] doi:10.1136/jech.2009.090662 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Patterson EJ. The dose-response of time served in prison on mortality: New York State, 1989-2003. Am J Public Health. 2013;103:523-528. [PMID: 23327272] doi:10.2105/AJPH.2012.301148 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. State Prison Health Care Spending: An Examination. The Pew Charitable Trusts and the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation; July 2014. Google Scholar5. Brooks KC, Makam AN, Haber LA. Caring for hospitalized incarcerated patients: physician and nurse experience. J Gen Intern Med. 2022;37:485-487. [PMID: 33409890] doi:10.1007/s11606-020-06510-w CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar6. Purssell E, Gould D, Chudleigh J. Impact of isolation on hospitalised patients who are infectious: systematic review with meta-analysis. BMJ Open. 2020;10:e030371. [PMID: 32075820] doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030371 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar7. Harada MY, Lara-Millán A, Chalwell LE. Policed patients: how the presence of law enforcement in the emergency department impacts medical care. Ann Emerg Med. 2021;78:738-748. [PMID: 34332806] doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2021.04.039 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar8. Scarlet S, DeMartino ES, Siegler M. Surrogate decision making for incarcerated patients. JAMA Intern Med. 2019;179:861-862. [PMID: 31107501] doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.1386 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar9. Joudrey PJ, Khan MR, Wang EA, et al. A conceptual model for understanding post-release opioid-related overdose risk. Addict Sci Clin Pract. 2019;14:17. [PMID: 30982468] doi:10.1186/s13722-019-0145-5 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar10. Scarlet S, Dreesen EB. Delivering hospital-based medical care to incarcerated patients in North Carolina state prisons: a call for communication and collaboration. N C Med J. 2019;80:348-351. [PMID: 31685569] doi:10.18043/ncm.80.6.348 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Farah Acher Kaiksow, MD, MPP; Brie A. Williams, MD, MS; Lawrence A. Haber, MDAffiliations: Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin (F.A.K.)Priscilla Chan and Mark Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital & Trauma Center, The Center for Vulnerable Populations, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California (B.A.W.)Division of Hospital Medicine, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado (L.A.H.).Grant Support: Dr. Wiliams' effort on this manuscript was supported, in part, by the National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health under the Aging Research in Criminal Justice Health Network (grant R24AG065175).Disclosures: Disclosures can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=M23-1873.Corresponding Author: Farah Acher Kaiksow, MD, MPP, Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 600 Highland Avenue, K4/480 CSC, Madison, WI 53792; e-mail, fkaiksow@wisc.edu.Author Contributions: Conception and design: F.A. Kaiksow, B.A. Williams, L.A. Haber.Drafting of the article: F.A. Kaiksow, L.A. Haber.Critical revision of the article for important intellectual content: F.A. Kaiksow, B.A. Williams, L.A. Haber.Final approval of the article: F.A. Kaiksow, B.A. Williams, L.A. Haber.Administrative, technical, or logistic support: F.A. Kaiksow.This article was published at Annals.org on 24 October 2023. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Annals Author Insight Video - Farah Acher Kaiksow, MD, MPP In this video, Farah Acher Kaiksow, MD, MPP, offers additional insight into the article, "Hospitalized While Incarcerated: Incarceration-Specific Care Practices." (Duration 3:27) FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Current Issue November 2023Volume 176, Issue 11 Page: 1540-1541 Keywords Health care Health care policy Health care providers Hospital medicine Hospitals Inpatients Patient advocacy Safety ePublished: 24 October 2023 Issue Published: November 2023 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2023 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...