tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
TCT-211 Home Blood Pressure Response to Ultrasound Renal Denervation—A Patient-Level Pooled Analysis of the RADIANCE-HTN SOLO and TRIO Randomised, Sham-Controlled Trials
Authors: Andrew Sharp, Michel Azizi, Felix Mahfoud, Naomi Fisher, Melvin Lobo, Michael Weber, Ajay Kirtane
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
8P The TTYH3/MK5 positive feedback loop via GSK3-β/β-catenin signaling regulates hepatocellular carcinoma progression
Authors: C. Zhu, Y. Wang, Y. Xie, B. Dong, W. Xue, S. Chen, M. Shimada, Q. Dong, J. Cao
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2022)
5P Application of a novel machine learning model in predicting survival in adrenocortical cancer (ACC)
Authors: D.G. Varghese, K. Saleh-Anaraki, O. Lokre, A. Sedlack, B. Kikani, R. Munian-Govindan, T. Perk, J. Del Rivero
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2022)
TCT-189 The Efficacy and Safety of an Adjunctive Transcoronary Pacing Strategy During Rotational Atherectomy: The Results of the Strategy to Rotablate and PACE (ROTA-PACE) Study
Authors: M. Bilal Iqbal, Simon Robinson, Imad Nadra, Debraj Das, Markus Sikkel, Anthony Della Siega
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
TCT-200 Clinical Outcomes of Same-Day Discharge After Complex Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: So-Min Lim, Do-Yoon Kang, Ha Hye Jo, Joong Min Lee, Mijin Kim, Hoyun Kim, Jinho Lee, Jinsun Park, Yeonwoo Choi, Pil Hyung Lee, Jung-Min Ahn, Duk-Woo Park, Soo-Jin Kang, Young-Hak Kim, Cheol Whan Lee, Seung-Jung Park
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
11P WU-NK-101: An enhanced NK cell therapy optimized for function in the tumor microenvironment (TME)
Authors: S. Rutella, J. Muth, J. Vadakekulathu, M.E. Mathyer, B.R. Tumala, M. Foster, J. Baughman, P. Comune Pennacchi, V. Tolstikov, A. Carter, D. Primo, J. Gorrochategui, K. Magee, P. Shah, M. Kiebish, J. Ballesteros, M.L. Cooper, M. Berrien-Elliott, T.A. Fehniger, J.K. Davidson-Moncada
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2022)
TCT-209 Chocolate Touch Versus Lutonix Drug-Coated Balloon for Femoropopliteal Lesions in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus: Results of the Randomized Chocolate Touch Study
Authors: Sahil Parikh, Thomas Zeller, Mehdi Shishehbor, Martin Werner, Marianne Brodmann, Helen Parise, Andrew Holden, Michael Lichtenberg, Vikram Kashyap, Cody Pietras, Daniela Tirziu, Shiva Ardakani, Ulrich Beschorner, Prakash Krishnan, Khusrow Niazi, Andreas Wali, Alexandra Lansky
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
TCT-205 Impact of Failed Thrombus Aspiration on Myocardial Perfusion and Outcomes in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients With High Thrombus Burden
Authors: Sung Gyun Ahn, Ho Sung Jeon, Jung-Hee Lee, Jun-Won Lee, Young Jin Youn
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
TCT-192 Outcomes of Non-STEMI Hospitalizations in Patients With Comorbid Cancer
Authors: Joseph Heaton, Sohrab Singh, Pradeep Devarakonda, Rafael Sturgill, Bilal Hussain, Suganya Manoharan, Michael Grillo, Sukhjeet Kaur, Cesar Ayala-Rodriguez, Sarath Reddy, Sourbha Dani
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
24P Preliminary data on INHERITY LC: Germline mutations of a cohort of selected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients
Authors: M. Zurera, R. Lastra, L. Mezquita, O. Higuera Gomez, J. De Castro Carpeno, J. Corral Jaime, P. Garrido Lopez, E. Felip, M. Majem Tarruella, D. Marquez Medina, S. Menao, A.L.O. Ortega Granados, J. Remon Masip, N. Vinolas Segarra, M. Arruebo, D. Isla
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2022)
23P MRE-seq based cancer screening for lung and colorectal cancer by deep learning analysis of cfDNA methylation pattern cancer screening
Authors: S.H. Shin, H-J. Kwon, H.H. Kim, N.Y. Min, Y. Lim, T. Joo, K.J. Lee, M-S. Jeong, H. Kim, S-W. Um, C. An, S. Lee
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2022)
28P Identification of convergent gene repression mechanisms through integrative genomic and DNA methylation analysis in NSCLC
Authors: C. Castignani, F. Gimeno-Valiente, E. Larose Cadieux, K. Chen, N. Mensah, O. Chervova, T. Watkins, P. Dhami, H. Vaikkinen, S. Saghafinia, T. Karasaki, C. Hiley, A. Feber, C. TRACERx, J. Demeulemeester, M. Tanic, S. Beck, P. van Loo, C. Swanton, N. Kanu
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2022)
37P Breast cancer immunopeptidomes reveal a large number of targetable tumor antigens
Authors: E. Kina, J-P. Laverdure, C. Durette, J. Lanoix, Q. Zhao, A. Apavaloaei, L. Hesnard, M-V. Ruiz Cuevas, J-D. Larouche, M-P. Hardy, K. Vincent, M. Courcelles, P. Thibault, C. Perreault
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2022)
40P Identification of a PD-1/LAG-3 co-expression profile in human tumor-infiltrating T cells uncovers a T cell dysfunctionality genetic regulated programme
Authors: L. Chocarro, E. Blanco, H. Arasanz, L. Fernández-Rubio, A.I. Bocanegra, M. Echaide, M. Garnica, P. Ramos, S. Piñeiro-Hermida, M.J. García-Granda, R. Vera, E. Santamaría, J. Fernández-Irigoyen, G. Kochan, D. Escors
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2022)
Carotid endarterectomy or stenting or best medical treatment alone for moderate-to-severe asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis: 5-year results of a multicentre, randomised controlled trial
Authors: Tilman Reiff, Hans-Henning Eckstein, Ulrich Mansmann, Olav Jansen, Gustav Fraedrich, Harald Mudra, Dittmar Böckler, Michael Böhm, E Sebastian Debus, Jens Fiehler, Klaus Mathias, Erich B Ringelstein, Jürg Schmidli, Robert Stingele, Ralf Zahn, Thomas Zeller, Wolf-Dirk Niesen, Kristian Barlinn, Andreas Binder, Jörg Glahn, Werner Hacke, Peter Arthur Ringleb, Friedhelm Beyersdorf, Roland-Richard Macharzina, Gabriele Lechner, Carolin Menz, Sabine Schonhardt, Michael Weinbeck, Olga Greb, Dagmar Otto, Thomas Winker, Hermann Berger, Holger Poppert, Andreas Kühnl, Volker Pütz, Kathrin Haase, Ulf Bodechtel, Norbert Weiss, Hendrik Bergert, Johannes Meyne, Justus Groß, Matthias Kruse, Berthold Gerdes, Wolf-Dieter Reinbold, Helge Wuttig, Andreas Maier-Hasselmann, Manuela Segerer, Hans-Hermann Fuchs, Sabine Gass, Christoph Groden, Marco Niedergethmann, Martin Griebe, Michael Rosenkranz, Jürgen Beck, Götz Thomalla, Hermann H. Zeumer, Marek Jauß, Werner Kneist, Martina Kneist, Thomas Staudacher, Alfons Bernhard, Petra Jost, Nico Prey, Jürgen Knippschild, Oliver Kastrup, Martin Köhrmann, Benedikt Frank, Volkmar Bongers, Johannes Hoffmann, Horst-Wilhelm Kniemeyer, Michael Knauth, Kathrin Wasser, Tomislav Stojanovic, Hans Emmert, Josef Tacke, Bernhard Schwalbe, Eun-Mi Nam, Ulrike van Lengerich, Stephan Lowens, Klaus Gröschel, Timo Uphaus, Sonja Gröschel, Stephan Boor, Bernhard Dorweiler, Elisabeth Schmid, Hans Henkes, Thomas Hupp, Oliver Singer, Gerhard Hamann, Michaela Wagner-Heck, Sibylle Kerth-Krick, Metin Kilic, Peter Huppert, Kurt Niederkorn, Johannes Fruhwirth, Günther Klein, Ulrich Pulkowski, Karsten Jöster, Jens-Henning Wacks, Egbert Kloppmann, Bijan Vatankhah, Silke Hopf-Jensen, Henning Stolze, Stefan Müller-Hülsbeck, Knut Peer Walluscheck, Hans-Michael Schmitt, Albert Grüger, Jörg Seemann, Belay Tilahun, Martin Dichgans, Frank Arne Wollenweber, Angelika Dörr, Adelgunde Zollver, Gabor Gäbel, Günter Hedtmann, Rainer Kollmar, Detlef Claus, Christian Petermann, Stefanie Kirsch, Branko Bosnjak, Johannes Heiß, Holger Mühling, Silke Wunderlich, Peter Nikolaus Sabisch, Georg Gahn, Martin Storck, Sebastian Arnold, Urs Fischer, Jan Gralla, Matthias von Mering, Rüdiger Dißmann, Delia Kirsch, Christoph Schmidauer, Peter Waldenberger, Martin Furtner, Haiko Kazarians, Peter Breuer, Christian Arning, Jürgen Rieper, Georg Schmidt, Marcel Arnold, Gerhard Schroth, Jens Weise, Jürgen Zanow, Thomas Mayer, Rudolf Töpper, Walter Gross-Fengels, Harald Daum, Ralf Dittrich, Martin Ritter, Bernd Kasprzak, Giovanni Torsello, Carsten Pohlmann, Roland Brüning, Peter Breuer, Alexander Crispin, Miriam Hofmann, Thomas Müller, Erwin Blessing, Markus Möhlenbruch, Ines Ludwig, Hemasse Amiri
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2022)
Risk of subsequent disabling or fatal stroke in patients with transient ischaemic attack or minor ischaemic stroke: an international, prospective cohort study
Authors: Cristina Hobeanu, Philippa C Lavallée, Hugo Charles, Julien Labreuche, Gregory W Albers, Louis R Caplan, Geoffrey A Donnan, Jose M Ferro, Michael G Hennerici, Carlos A Molina, Peter M Rothwell, Philippe Gabriel Steg, Pierre-Jean Touboul, Shinichiro Uchiyama, Eric Vicaut, K S Lawrence Wong, Pierre Amarenco
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2022)
Clinical characterisation of patients in the post-acute stage of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis: a prospective cohort study and comparison with patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders
Authors: Mar Guasp, Mireia Rosa-Justicia, Amaia Muñoz-Lopetegi, Eugenia Martínez-Hernández, Thais Armangué, Gisela Sugranyes, Heike Stein, Roger Borràs, Laia Prades, Helena Ariño, Jesús Planagumà, Elena De-La-Serna, Domingo Escudero, Sara Llufriu, Raquel Sánchez-Valle, Joan Santamaria, Albert Compte, Josefina Castro-Fornieles, Josep Dalmau, Dolores Páramo, Vicente Medrano, Virginia Casado, Nicolau Guanyabens, Eloi Giné-Servén, María Ángeles del Real, Javier Pardo, Leticia Martin-Gil, Francisco Javier Barrero-Hernández, Nuria García-Barragán, Mercè Falip, Marta Simó, Eloy Rodríguez, Juan José Ruiz Ezquerro, Luis Bataller, Gemma Safont, José Vicente-Hervàs, Luis Brieva, Ignacio Casado, Juan Carlos Portilla, Sònia Escalante, Juan Francisco Arenillas, Elena Erro, Ivonne Jericó-Pascual, Alejandro Fuerte-Hortigón, Alba Morató, Albert Saiz, Yolanda Blanco, Maria Sepúlveda, Raquel Ruiz, Laura Naranjo, Maria Rodés, Esther Aguilar, Mercè Alba, Eva Caballero
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2022)
TCT-191 Long-Term Follow-Up (12 Years) of STEMI Patients in Accordance to Weight: Does the Obesity Paradox Influence Outcomes in STEMI Survivors?
Authors: André Alexandre, André Luz, David Sá Couto, João Faria, Andreia Campinas, André Dias-Frias, Raquel B. Santos, Bruno Brochado, Joao Silveira, Severo Torres
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
15P The analgesic compound palmitoylethanolamide reduces inflammation in human cardiomyocytes and vascular endothelial cells exposed to doxorubicin and anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody through PPAR-α and NLRP3-related pathways
Authors: S. Buccolo, V. Quagliariello, C. Maurea, M. Berretta, A. Paccone, M. De Laurentiis, N. Maurea
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2022)
13P Berberine associated to SGLT2i dapagliflozin synergistically reduces cardiac cell apoptosis during exposure to trastuzumab through induction of pAMPK and reduction of NLRP3 inflammasome, IL-6, methylglyoxal and leukotrienes-B4 levels
Authors: A. Bonelli, V. Quagliariello, S. Buccolo, F. Maurea, A. Paccone, N. Maurea
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2022)
3P Beyond first-line therapy in metastatic adrenal cortical cancer (ACC): Is it time to move on from chemotherapy?
Authors: A. Mittal, L. Amer, O. Ayodele, S. Radi, X. Li, O. Mete, J. Pasternak, D.M. Jiang, V. Kumar, A.R. Hansen
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2022)
Global Circumferential and Radial Strain Among Patients With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Myocarditis
Authors: Thiago Quinaglia, Carlos Gongora, Magid Awadalla, Malek Z.O. Hassan, Amna Zafar, Zsofia D. Drobni, Syed S. Mahmood, Lili Zhang, Otavio R. Coelho-Filho, Giselle A. Suero-Abreu, Muhammad A. Rizvi, Gagan Sahni, Anant Mandawat, Eduardo Zatarain-Nicolás, Michael Mahmoudi, Ryan Sullivan, Sarju Ganatra, Lucie M. Heinzerling, Franck Thuny, Stephane Ederhy, Hannah K. Gilman, Supraja Sama, Sofia Nikolaidou, Ana González Mansilla, Antonio Calles, Marcella Cabral, Francisco Fernández-Avilés, Juan José Gavira, Nahikari Salterain González, Manuel García de Yébenes Castro, Ana Barac, Jonathan Afilalo, Daniel A. Zlotoff, Leyre Zubiri, Kerry L. Reynolds, Richard Devereux, Judy Hung, Michael H. Picard, Eric H. Yang, Dipti Gupta, Caroline Michel, Alexander R. Lyon, Carol L. Chen, Anju Nohria, Michael G. Fradley, Paaladinesh Thavendiranathan, Tomas G. Neilan
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2022)
Successful Anti-PD-1 Cancer Immunotherapy Requires T Cell-Dendritic Cell Crosstalk Involving the Cytokines IFN-γ and IL-12
Authors: Christopher S. Garris, Sean P. Arlauckas, Rainer H. Kohler, Marcel P. Trefny, Seth Garren, Cécile Piot, Camilla Engblom, Christina Pfirschke, Marie Siwicki, Jeremy Gungabeesoon, Gordon J. Freeman, Sarah E. Warren, SuFey Ong, Erica Browning, Christopher G. Twitty, Robert H. Pierce, Mai H. Le, Alain P. Algazi, Adil I. Daud, Sara I. Pai, Alfred Zippelius, Ralph Weissleder, Mikael J. Pittet
Journal: Immunity (2022)
TCT-199 A Symptom-Stratified Analysis of the Objective Randomised Blinded Investigation With Optimal Medical Therapy of Angioplasty in Stable Angina Trial
Authors: Rachel Pathimagaraj, Michael Foley, Alexandra Nowbar, Christopher Rajkumar, Matthew Shun-Shin, James Howard, Rasha Al-Lamee
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
TCT-184 Impact of Coronary Calcification in Patients Presenting With Acute Coronary Syndromes: Insights From the MATRIX trial
Authors: Jorge Sanz Sanchez, Hector Garcia-Garcia, Sergio Leonardi, Paolo Calabro, Carlo Briguori, Ugo Limbruno, Roberto Garbo, Filippo Russo, Alessandro Lupi, Giuseppe Esposito, Patrizia Presbitero, Andrea Santarelli, Gennaro Sardella, Ferdinando Varbella, Simone Tresoldi, Nicoletta De Cesare, Giacomo Boccuzzi, Elmir Omerovic, Dik Heg, Pascal Vranckx
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Leucine-tRNA-synthase-2-expressing B cells contribute to colorectal cancer immunoevasion
Authors: Zhiqiang Wang, Zhou Lu, Shengli Lin, Jie Xia, Ziwen Zhong, Zhangjuan Xie, Yun Xing, Jingbo Qie, Mengxia Jiao, Yifan Li, Haoyu Wen, Pengyuan Zhao, Dan Zhang, Pinghong Zhou, Jiawen Qian, Feifei Luo, Luman Wang, Hongxiu Yu, Jie Liu, Jie Gu, Ronghua Liu, Yiwei Chu
Journal: Immunity (2022)
The Lancet Commission on lessons for the future from the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Jeffrey D Sachs, Salim S Abdool Karim, Lara Aknin, Joseph Allen, Kirsten Brosbøl, Francesca Colombo, Gabriela Cuevas Barron, María Fernanda Espinosa, Vitor Gaspar, Alejandro Gaviria, Andy Haines, Peter J Hotez, Phoebe Koundouri, Felipe Larraín Bascuñán, Jong-Koo Lee, Muhammad Ali Pate, Gabriela Ramos, K Srinath Reddy, Ismail Serageldin, John Thwaites, Vaira Vike-Freiberga, Chen Wang, Miriam Khamadi Were, Lan Xue, Chandrika Bahadur, Maria Elena Bottazzi, Chris Bullen, George Laryea-Adjei, Yanis Ben Amor, Ozge Karadag, Guillaume Lafortune, Emma Torres, Lauren Barredo, Juliana G E Bartels, Neena Joshi, Margaret Hellard, Uyen Kim Huynh, Shweta Khandelwal, Jeffrey V Lazarus, Susan Michie
Journal: The Lancet (2022)
Feasibility of 68Ga-Labeled Fibroblast Activation Protein Inhibitor PET/CT in Light-Chain Cardiac Amyloidosis
Authors: Xuezhu Wang, Yubo Guo, Yajuan Gao, Chao Ren, Zhenghai Huang, Bowei Liu, Xiao Li, Long Chang, Kaini Shen, Haiyan Ding, Hui Zhang, Zhuang Tian, Marcus Hacker, Shuyang Zhang, Yining Wang, Jian Li, Xiang Li, Li Huo
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2022)
Moyamoya disease emerging as an immune-related angiopathy
Authors: Caroline Asselman, Dimitri Hemelsoet, Denzel Eggermont, Bart Dermaut, Francis Impens
Journal: Trends in Molecular Medicine (2022)

Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a rare cerebrovascular disorder with unknown etiology. MMD is characterized by progressive narrowing of arteries of the brain and the formation of a compensatory network of fragile vessels. Genetic studies have identified RNF213, also known as mysterin, as a susceptibility gene for MMD, but the low penetrance in genetically susceptible individuals suggests that a second hit is necessary to trigger disease onset. Recently, several molecular studies uncovered RNF213 as a key antimicrobial protein with important functions in the immune system. In addition, an increasing number of clinical reports describe the development of moyamoya angiopathy (MMA) associated with infection or autoimmune disorders. Together, this growing body of molecular and clinical evidence points towards immune-related responses as second hits to trigger MMD onset.
Subendocardial and Transmural Myocardial Ischemia
Authors: K. Lance Gould, Tung Nguyen, Richard Kirkeeide, Amanda E. Roby, Linh Bui, Danai Kitkungvan, Monica B. Patel, Mohammad Madjid, Mary Haynie, Dejian Lai, Ruosha Li, Jagat Narula, Nils P. Johnson
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2022)

Subendocardial ischemia is commonly diagnosed but not quantified by imaging.This study sought to define size and severity of subendocardial and transmural stress perfusion deficits, clinical associations, and outcomes.Regional rest-stress perfusion in mL/min/g, coronary flow reserve, coronary flow capacity (CFC), relative stress flow, subendocardial stress-to-rest ratio and stress subendocardial-to-subepicardial ratio as percentage of left ventricle were measured by positron emission tomography (PET) with rubidium Rb 82 and dipyridamole stress in serial 6,331 diagnostic PETs with prospective 10-year follow-up for major adverse cardiac events with and without revascularization.Of 6,331 diagnostic PETs, 1,316 (20.7%) had severely reduced CFC with 41.4% having angina or ST-segment depression (STΔ) >1 mm during hyperemic stress, increasing with size. For 5,015 PETs with no severe CFC abnormality, 402 (8%) had angina or STΔ during stress, and 82% had abnormal subendocardial perfusion with 8.7% having angina or STΔ >1 mm during dipyridamole stress. Of 947 cases with stress-induced angina or STΔ >1 mm, 945 (99.8%) had reduced transmural or subendocardial perfusion reflecting sufficient microvascular function to increase coronary blood flow and reduce intracoronary pressure, causing reduced subendocardial perfusion; only 2 (0.2%) had normal subendocardial perfusion, suggesting microvascular disease as the cause of the angina. Over 10-year follow-up (mean 5 years), severely reduced CFC associated with major adverse cardiac events of 44.4% compared to 8.8% for no severe CFC (unadjusted P < 0.00001) and mortality of 15.2% without and 6.9% with revascularization (P < 0.00002) confirmed by multivariable Cox regression modeling. For no severe CFC, mortality was 3% with and without revascularization (P = 0.90).Reduced subendocardial perfusion on dipyridamole PET without regional stress perfusion defects is common without angina, has low risk of major adverse cardiac events, reflecting asymptomatic nonobstructive diffuse coronary artery disease, or angina without stenosis. Severely reduced CFC causes angina in fewer than one-half of cases but incurs high mortality risk that is significantly reduced after revascularization.
Adeno-Associated Virus Gene Therapy for Hemophilia
Authors: Benjamin J. Samelson-Jones, Lindsey A. George
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (2022)

In vivo gene therapy is rapidly emerging as a new therapeutic paradigm for monogenic disorders. For almost three decades, hemophilia A (HA) and hemophilia B (HB) have served as model disorders for the development of gene therapy. This effort is soon to bear fruit with completed pivotal adeno-associated viral (AAV) vector gene addition trials reporting encouraging results and regulatory approval widely anticipated in the near future for the current generation of HA and HB AAV vectors. Here we review the clinical development of AAV gene therapy for HA and HB and examine outstanding questions that have recently emerged from AAV clinical trials for hemophilia and other monogenic disorders.
Ischemia With Nonobstructive Coronary Arteries
Authors: Harmony R. Reynolds, Ariel Diaz, Derek D. Cyr, Leslee J. Shaw, G.B. John Mancini, Jonathon Leipsic, Matthew J. Budoff, James K. Min, Cameron J. Hague, Daniel S. Berman, Bernard R. Chaitman, Michael H. Picard, Sean W. Hayes, Marielle Scherrer-Crosbie, Raymond Y. Kwong, Renato D. Lopes, Roxy Senior, Sudhanshu K. Dwivedi, Todd D. Miller, Benjamin J.W. Chow, Ramesh de Silva, Gregg W. Stone, William E. Boden, Sripal Bangalore, Sean M. O’Brien, Judith S. Hochman, David J. Maron
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2022)

Ischemia with nonobstructive coronary arteries (INOCA) is common clinically, particularly among women, but its prevalence among patients with at least moderate ischemia and the relationship between ischemia severity and non-obstructive atherosclerosis severity are unknown. The authors investigated predictors of INOCA in enrolled, nonrandomized participants in ISCHEMIA (International Study of Comparative Health Effectiveness with Medical and Invasive Approaches), sex differences, and the relationship between ischemia and atherosclerosis in patients with INOCA. Core laboratories independently reviewed screening noninvasive stress test results (nuclear imaging, echocardiography, magnetic resonance imaging or nonimaging exercise tolerance testing), and coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA), blinded to results of the screening test. INOCA was defined as all stenoses <50% on CCTA in a patient with moderate or severe ischemia on stress testing. INOCA patients, who were excluded from randomization, were compared with randomized participants with ≥50% stenosis in ≥1 vessel and moderate or severe ischemia. Among 3,612 participants with core laboratory-confirmed moderate or severe ischemia and interpretable CCTA, 476 (13%) had INOCA. Patients with INOCA were younger, were predominantly female, and had fewer atherosclerosis risk factors. For each stress testing modality, the extent of ischemia tended to be less among patients with INOCA, particularly with nuclear imaging. There was no significant relationship between severity of ischemia and extent or severity of nonobstructive atherosclerosis on CCTA. On multivariable analysis, female sex was independently associated with INOCA (odds ratio: 4.2 [95% CI: 3.4-5.2]). Among participants enrolled in ISCHEMIA with core laboratory-confirmed moderate or severe ischemia, the prevalence of INOCA was 13%. Severity of ischemia was not associated with severity of nonobstructive atherosclerosis. (International Study of Comparative Health Effectiveness With Medical and Invasive Approaches [ISCHEMIA]; NCT01471522)
Hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Karim Seif El Dahan, Darine Daher, Amit G. Singal
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2022)

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) may progress to cirrhotic or non-cirrhotic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and is currently recognized as the fastest growing cause of HCC worldwide. Accordingly, professional society guidelines recommend HCC surveillance in patients with cirrhosis from any etiology, and some may consider it beneficial in subgroups with non-cirrhotic NAFLD at higher risk for HCC. Notably, patients with NAFLD-related HCC are more likely to have HCC diagnosed at more advanced stages and have poorer outcomes when compared to other etiologies, and suboptimal effectiveness of HCC surveillance programs is a major culprit. In this review, we summarize the current guidelines for HCC surveillance and discuss its benefits versus potential harms for NAFLD patients. We also address the unique challenges of HCC surveillance in NAFLD, including higher proportion of NAFLD-related HCC without cirrhosis, poor recognition of at-risk patients, lack of consensus regarding the value of surveillance in non-cirrhotic NAFLD, subpar effectiveness of surveillance tools related to NAFLD phenotype, and preponderant surveillance underuse among NAFLD patients. Finally, we examine the effectiveness of currently used surveillance tools (i.e., ultrasound and alpha fetoprotein) and outline future perspectives including emerging risk stratification tools, imaging surveillance strategies (e.g., abbreviated magnetic resonance imaging protocols), blood-based biomarkers (e.g., GALAD and circulating tumor DNA panels), and interventions to improve surveillance adherence.