tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hybrid Resistance to Parental DBA/2 Grafts: Independence From the &lt;italic&gt;H&lt;/italic&gt;-2 Locus. I. Studies With Normal Hematopoietic Cells&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1972)

Irradiated F1 hybrid mice from crosses involving strain DBA/2 did not support the growth of parental DBA/2 hematopoietic grafts as well as did syngeneic control mice. Bone marrow cells (3 × 105) were 2–5 times less efficient in repopulating the spleens of “resistant” hybrids than those of “susceptible” animals. In comparison with hybrid resistance to cells of other strains, this resistance to DBA/2 cells was weak. It was abrogated by administration of cyclophosphamide to prospective recipients or by sublethal exposure to X rays 14 days before a second exposure and transplantation. The magnitude of the hybrid effect varied considerably 1) against cells of 4 DBA/2 sublines, 2) against spleen and bone marrow cells of a given donor subline, and 3) in resistant male as opposed to susceptible female hybrids. This variability was attributed to modulation of the genetic determinant(s) rather than to genetic polymorphism. The ratio of resistant to susceptible animals in segregating progeny of the backcross (C57BL/6 × DBA/2)F1 × DBA/2 was compatible with genetic control by a single autosomal locus not associated with H-2. Hematopoietic grafts of DBA/2 donors were the targets of a transplantation reaction similar to that already described against cells of several other inbred mouse strains. Unusual features were the extent of the “spontaneous” variability, the conspicuous sex influence, and the independence from the H-2 region.
Procedure in Examination of the Lungs with Especial Reference to the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis.
Journal: JAMA (1931)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Renal Vein Thrombosis Distal to Patent Splenorenal Shunt
Authors: John P. Parker
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Thrombosis of the portal system frequently complicates splenorenal shunts. Occasionally the renal vein is occluded with the shunt. We report a case with late thrombosis of the distal segment of the left renal vein but with the unusual feature of patency of the splenorenal shunt. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 55-year-old white man entered the hospital with a three-day history of pain in the left flank after lifting a heavy object. The patient had had a splenorenal shunt constructed 38 months earlier because of Laennec's cirrhosis. Two months before the present illness, when he had symptoms of urinary tract infection, the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine concentrations and an excretory urogram were normal. Pyuria and bacteriuria due to<i>Escherichia coli</i>were treated with ampicillin. He was dehydrated and jaundiced, and had lost 11 lb since the previous admission. The liver was not enlarged. There was
Battles Against Many Malignancies Lie Ahead as Federal 'War on Cancer' Enters Third Decade
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1992)

THE WAR on cancer—declared December 23, 1971, when then President Richard M. Nixon signed the National Cancer Act—now is in its third decade. Some of those involved say the United States is winning this so-called war. By some estimates, the federal government has spent as much as $22 billion on this effort in the past 20 years. <h3>Win, Lose, or Draw?</h3> However, some critics contend that this war is being lost. They argue that too little change is being seen in death rates from many major cancers (defined in terms of incidence and/or deaths attributable), although one of the candidates in this year's presidential race is a 9-year survivor of lymphoma. Still others take the view that there indeed has been progress against some cancers but less against others. Probably one of the few aspects that can be agreed upon is that it is difficult to make year-to-year comparisons because
Lectin Derivatives of Methotrexate and Chlorambucil as Chemotherapeutic Agents&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Jung-Yaw Lin, Jiann-Shyong Li, Ta-Cheng Tung
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1981)

Methotrexate and chlorambucil, each covalently linked to either abrus agglutinin, abrin, ricinus agglutinin, ricin, or concanavalin A, were prepared. A single dose of the derivative injected ip into sarcoma 180-bearing noninbred N:NIH(S) white mice resulted in prolongation of the survival time and was more effective than an equivalent dose of free drug and lectin. Druglectin also showed a higher inhibitory effect on the DNA biosynthesis of the tumor cell than did an equivalent dose of the free drug and lectin.
POS0284 CHANGES OF ESTIMATED GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE AFTER LONG-TERM FEBUXOSTAT OR ALLOPURINOL TREATMENT IN GOUT PATIENTS
Authors: B. Ghang, J. Kim, B. Yoo
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2022)

Background Under the hypothesis that hyperuricemia is a potentially modifiable risk factor for progression of CKD, there has been numerous small, single-center studies that have shown that use of urate-lowering therapy (ULT) delayed CKD progression in patients with hyperuricemia or CKD. However, recent three multicenter, randomized controlled trials have not shown beneficial effect of ULT on the progression of CKD among CKD patients without gout and in DM patients with albuminuria. Objectives We investigated whether ULT may have a beneficial effect on the progression of CKD in gout patients. Methods Gout patients who took the study medication for more than 1 year were identified from the Cardiovascular Safety of Febuxostat or Allopurinol in Patients with Gout (CARES) trial, which is a large, multicenter, randomized controlled trial. We analyzed the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) slope (mL/min/1.73 m 2 per year) using the CKD-EPI equation. Using logistic regression, we investigated risk factors for CKD progression, defined as eGFR slope of lower than 0 mL/min/1.73 m2 per year. Results During the study period [median (interquartile range, IQR) 3.1 (2.0-4.8) year], 4,144 patients performed median (IQR) 12 (9~15) creatinine tests, the GFR slope was analyzed as median (IQR) 0.5 (-0.8-1.6). The median (IQR) values of the GFR slope were -1.2 (-2.3--0.5) in the CKD progression group (n=1,590) and 1.3 (0.7-2.2) in the CKD progression delayed group (n=2,554). After adjusting well known factors associated with CKD progression, average level of serum uric acid ≥ 6 mg/dL during study period was significantly associated with CKD progression (adjusted odds ratio 1.73; 95% confidence interval 1.49-2.01, p &lt; 0.0001). Conclusion This study showed that eGFR did not decrease in more than half of gout patients after long term febuxostat or allopurinol administration. ULT may have a beneficial effect on slowing the progression of CKD in gout patients. Figure 1. Changes of estimated glomerular filtration rate during febuxostat or allupurinol administration. Acknowledgements We were able to access the CARES trial data through the Vivli company, and re-analyzed data of the CARES trial without financial support from any company. Disclosure of Interests None declared
Acute, Diffuse, Nontender Edema of the Left Breast in a 50-Year-Old Woman
Authors: David G. Seibel
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>History</h3> A 50-year-old woman presented with acute, diffuse, nontender swelling of the left breast and axilla. Low-dose plain film mammography was performed (Fig 1). Roentgenograms of the chest were obtained. The patient was referred to the Fitzsimons Army Medical Center, Aurora, Colo, 11 days later for surgery with a diagnosis of probable inflammatory carcinoma of the left breast. On admission to the medical center the patient demonstrated mild respiratory distress and showed distention of the jugular venous system and edema of the supraclavicular area bilaterally. The left breast was swollen and erythematous and showed peu-d'orange changes of the skin extending into the left arm. A large, firm mass was noted in the left axilla. Roentgenograms of the chest were repeated (Fig 2). Xeromammography was performed to better penetrate the breast (Fig 3). Multiple biopsy samples of the left breast were obtained. <h3>Diagnosis</h3> Unilateral edema of the left breast mimicking inflammatory
Epidemiology, Historical and Experimental. The Herter Lectures for 1931.
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Morphology and Distribution of 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine Dihydrochloride-Induced Colon Tumors and Their Relationship to Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissue in the Rat&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Kathleen M. Nauss
 4, Mary Locniskar, Thomas Pavlina, Paul M. Newberne
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1984)

The histopathology and relationship of sym-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride [(DMH) CAS: 306-37-6; 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride)-induced colon tumors to colonic lymphoid aggregates were examined in outbred male Sprague-Dawley rats treated with saline or DMH and sacrificed at three intervals after treatment. The ratio of polypoid:sessile tumors was 71 :29 four months after DMH treatment and 62:38 when tumors were fully developed. Colonic lymphoid aggregates were found 3-5 cm from the cecal-colonic junction, near the flexure of the ascending and transverse colon, and 3–5 cm from the rectum. There were no significant differences between saline-treated and DMHtreated rats regarding the size, cellularity, and number of lymphoid aggregates per rat. A significant association (P <.001) was seen between tumor development and the presence of a lymphoid aggregate in a given segment of the colon. Sessile adenocarcinomas, but not polypoid tumors, were significantly associated (P <.001) with lymphoid aggregates and usually presented as mucinous tumors adjacent to or intermixed with the lymphoid tissue.
Pentagastrin vs Betazole as Stimulant of Gastric Secretion
Authors: Jon I. Isenberg
Journal: JAMA (1968)

In 20 male patients with various gastrointestinal disorders, gastric acid secretion was studied, once following administration of pentagastrin, 6μg/kg of body weight, and once following administration of betazole hydrochloride, 1.5 mg/kg, each injected subcutaneously. The peak responses to the two stimulants were not significantly different and were strongly correlated. The peak response to pentagastrin was more rapid in onset and less sustained than the response to betazole. Pentapeptide produced fewer side effects.
Calcium and mechanically induced potentials in fibroblasts of rat atrium
Authors: I. Kiseleva, A. Kamkin, P. Kohl, M.J. Lab
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1996)

Electrically non-excitable cardiac fibroblasts in the sino-atrial node region are mechano-sensitive. Rhythmic contraction of adjacent myocardium, or artificial stretch of the tissue, produce a reversible change in the membrane potential: mechanically induced potentials (MIP). Stretch of normal cardiomyocytes can be associated with intracellular calcium changes. The purpose of this study is to use pharmacological interventions to investigate the possibility that stretch-induced Ca2+ entry through ion channels in the sarcolemma and Ca2+ release from internal stores play a role in MIP generation. Methods: Isolated spontaneously contracting or artificially stretched preparations of right atrium of rat heart were superfused with physiological solutions. An intracellular floating microelectrode recorded fibroblast MIPs and was also used for injection of current. A dye, Lucifer yellow, applied through the micropipette, identified recording sites. We assessed the role of extracellular Ca2+ using EGTA in the bathing solution. For the role of intracellular Ca2+ in the generation of MIP, several substances that influence [Ca2+]i handling were applied intracellularly by diffusion from the recording microelectrode. These include: BAPTA (to chelate intracellular Ca2+); BHQ, thapsigargin and CPA (to deplete Ca2+ from intracellular stores by inhibition of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) ATP Ca2+ pump), and caffeine and ryanodine (to induce ER Ca2+ release). Results: All the pharmacological compounds which were introduced intracellulary, and EGTA applied extracellularly, decreased the amplitude of the MIP to variable degrees. Only thapsigargin induced a bi-phasic response with an initial increase in MIP amplitude, followed by a decrease. MIP duration was reduced by most interventions, exceptions being low extracellular Ca2+, BHQ and ryanodine. Short duration extracellular application of caffeine, which was added to the perfusate as a secondary contractile stimulus, partly restored the MIPs by activation of cardiac contraction. Intracellular current injection, before any intervention, linearly altered both membrane potential (Em) and MIP amplitude (Vm). Application of compounds listed above introduced non-linearity to the Em/Vm relationship. Conclusion: We suggest that mechanically induced Ca2+ influx, induced through stretch-activated channels in the plasma membrane, and release of Ca2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum, play key roles in the mechanism of MIP generation. Further, our results demonstrate the existence of functional ryanodine/caffeine-sensitive Ca2+ stores in cardiac fibroblasts.
Reducing the Number of Uninsured by Subsidizing Employment-Based Health Insurance
Authors: Kenneth E. Thorpe
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To evaluate whether employers who do not provide health insurance would offer such benefits after a 50% reduction in the price of health insurance. <h3>Design.</h3> —Using a survey of 530 firms at two sites in New York State, we estimate the number of firms that added insurance during 1988 as a percentage of firms that were eligible for the subsidy. We use this proportion as an estimate for the number of firms that would have added insurance in the absence of the subsidy program. We then estimate the number of firms adding insurance during the initial year of the program, 1989. <h3>Setting.</h3> —The subsidized health insurance pilot projects were available in Brooklyn and in the Albany-Plattsburgh-Poughkeepsie region of New York State. <h3>Intervention.</h3> —New York State subsidized the price of health insurance, reducing it by 50%. Eligible employers were responsible for paying the remaining portion of the premium. <h3>Results.</h3> —The subsidized health insurance products increased the number of small firms (under 20 employees) offering insurance by a small amount, approximately a 3.5 percentage point increase. When fully implemented and assuming all eligible employers were aware of the program, the subsidy would increase the proportion of firms offering insurance by 16.5 percentage points. We view this as an upper boundary. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Increased program visibility and allowing the employee to share in the premium payment may increase the number of employers offering insurance. Even under ideal conditions, however, the results highlight the limitations of voluntary programs to increase the number of employers offering health insurance. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;267:945-948)
Influence of the Lethal Yellow (&lt;italic&gt;A&lt;/italic&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;italic&gt;y&lt;/italic&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;) Gene on Development of Reticular Neoplasms
Authors: Deringer, Margaret K.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1970)

The relationship of the lethal yellow (Ay) gene to the development of reticular neoplasms was investigated. It was shown that this gene increases susceptibility to spontaneous reticular neoplasms in yellow (YBR × AKR)F1 mice. The increased susceptibility was manifested in the significantly earlier age at which the yellow (Aya) segregants developed reticular neoplasms as compared with the black (aa) segregants. The influence of the gene on increased susceptibility to spontaneous hepatomas and spontaneous pulmonary tumors, previously shown for other F1 hybrids, was also evident. The occurrence of an unusual liver tumor in yellow (YBR × AKR)F1 mice, of interstitial cell tumors of the testis in males, and of a lesion of the thymus was also recorded. The well-known effect of the lethal yellow (Ay) gene on increasing body size was observed in the hybrids, with a difference of 18 g at 6 and 12 months between yellow and black males, and of 24 and 22 g at 6 and 12 months between yellow and black females.
Highlights of This Issue
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2011)

Cancer-initiating cells (CIC) are being readily identified by elevated levels of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), namely ALDH1A1, a tumorassociated antigen recognized by HLA class I-restricted CD8 + T cells.Pertinent to developing immunotherapy for targeting CICs, Visus and colleagues demonstrate that ALDH bright cells are sensitive to cytolysis by ALDH1A1-specific CTLs in vitro and in vivo.In preclinical models of human tumor xenografts growing in immunodeficient mice, adoptive therapy with ALDH1A1specific CD8 + T cells targeted ALDH bright cells and inhibited xenograft growth and metastasis or prolonged survival.These results highlight ALDH1A1 as a target of T cell-based immunotherapy to eliminate CICs.
Dislocation of the Elbow With Fracture of the Radial Head and Distal Radius
Authors: Otto E. Aufranc
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Dr. Richard G. McCollum: The patient is a 43-year-old farmer who sustained an injury to his right arm when he fell from a hayloft approximately 10 feet above the ground, landing on his hands with his arms in extension. He noted immediate pain in his right elbow and wrist, and was taken to a local hospital. Roentgenological studies there revealed a dislocation of the right elbow with fracture of the radial head and a severely comminuted fracture of the distal radius. A posterior splint was applied, and the patient was transferred to the Emergency Ward at the Massachusetts General Hospital. Thorough physical examination revealed abnormalities only in his upper extremities. The right elbow was markedly swollen and held in 30° of flexion. The olecranon was quite prominent posteriorly and laterally, and the patient resisted active and passive motion of the elbow. There was also tenderness and swelling of the right
Trisomy 15 and Other Nonrandom Chromosome Changes in Rauscher Murine Leukemia Virus-Induced Leukemia Cell Lines&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1982)

The cytogenetics of Rauscher murine leukemia virus-induced erythroid, myeloid, and lymphatic leukemias were studied in BALB/c and DBA/2 mice. In primary virus-induced leukemias, no chromosome abnormalities were found. However, in tumors derived from transplanted leukemia tissue and in cell lines obtained from these tumors, euploidy and mostly aneuploidy were observed that varied according to the type of tumor cells and the number of passages. Eleven erythroleukemia cell lines showed aneuploidy from the first in vivo transplant stage on. Nonrandom abnormalities were found: trisomy 15 in 9 of 11 lines, followed by trisomy 3 in 8 of 11 lines and monosomy 6 in 5 of 11 lines. Subsequent evolution of the karyotypes was frequent (10 of 11 lines) and rapid. In vivo cell lines established from these tumors showed many structural rearrangements. Three myeloid lines revealed a stable karyotype with no or only minor changes: trisomy 15 in 1 line and normal diploid in 2 lines. One lymphatic leukemia cell line established in vitro presented with a very stable karyotype: trisomies 14 and 15. Another in vivo transplantable line showed trisomies 11, 9, and 17. These results suggest that trisomy of chromosome 15 plays a significant role in tumors derived from different types of mouse leukemias.
Handbuch der Haut- und Geschlechtskrankheiten.
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Collagen Polymorphism in Extracellular Matrix of Human Osteosarcoma&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Frederic D. Shapiro, David R. Eyre, M.D., M.P.H.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1982)

Collagen Polymorphism in Extracellular Matrix of Human Osteosarcoma Frederic D. Shapiro, Frederic D. Shapiro Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar David R. Eyre, M.D., M.P.H. David R. Eyre, M.D., M.P.H. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 69, Issue 5, November 1982, Pages 1009–1016, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/69.5.1009 Published: 01 November 1982 Article history Received: 28 December 1981 Accepted: 27 May 1982 Published: 01 November 1982