tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
In diabetes, some statins reduce non–HDL-C better than others vs. placebo
Authors: Michael Tanner
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2022)

Hodkinson A, Tsimpida D, Kontopantelis E, et al. Comparative effectiveness of statins on non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol in people with diabetes and at risk of cardiovascular disease: systematic review and network meta-analysis. BMJ. 2022;376:e067731. 35331984.
In persons at risk for poor vaccination response or COVID-19 exposure, tixagevimab + cilgavimab reduced COVID-19
Authors: Gabriel M. Aisenberg
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2022)

ACP Journal ClubAugust 2022In persons at risk for poor vaccination response or COVID-19 exposure, tixagevimab + cilgavimab reduced COVID-19Gabriel M. Aisenberg, MDGabriel M. Aisenberg, MDUniversity of Texas, Houston, Houston, Texas, USA (G.M.A.)Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/J22-0056 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationLevin MJ, Ustianowski A, De Wit S, et al. Intramuscular AZD7442 (tixagevimab–cilgavimab) for prevention of Covid-19. N Engl J Med. 2022;386:2188-200. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35443106Clinical Impact RatingsInfectious Disease: References1. Gottlieb RL, Vaca CE, Paredes R, et al. Early remdesivir to prevent progression to severe Covid-19 in outpatients. N Engl J Med. 2022;386:305-15. [PMID: 34937145] Google Scholar2. Jayk Bernal A, Gomes da Silva MM, Musungaie DB, et al. Molnupiravir for oral treatment of Covid-19 in nonhospitalized patients. N Engl J Med. 2022;386:509-20. [PMID: 34914868] Google Scholar3. Weinreich DM, Sivapalasingam S, Norton T, et al. REGEN-COV antibody combination and outcomes in outpatients with Covid-19. N Engl J Med. 2021;385:e81. [PMID: 34587383] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Texas, Houston, Houston, Texas, USA (G.M.A.)Disclosures: The commentator has reported no disclosures of interest. The form can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=J22-0056.This article was published at Annals.org on 2 August 2022.ACP Journal Club is editorially independent from Annals of Internal Medicine. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics August 2022Volume 175, Issue 8Page: JC92KeywordsCOVID-19DisclosureMonoclonal antibodiesNumber needed to treatOmicron variantProphylaxisProteinsReinfectionSafetyVaccines ePublished: 2 August 2022 Issue Published: August 2022 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2022 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
In IBS, a smartphone application for self-managing a FODMAP-lowering diet vs. otilonium bromide reduced symptoms at 8 wk
Authors: John F. Cox
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2022)

Source Citation Carbone F, Van den Houte K, Besard L, et al. Diet or medication in primary care patients with IBS: the DOMINO study—a randomised trial supported by the Belgian Health Care Knowledge Centre (KCE Trials Programme) and the Rome Foundation Research Institute. Gut. 2022. [Epub ahead of print]. 35483886
Reduced dietary sodium did not reduce clinical events in heart failure
Authors: Francisco Alvarado, Steven Borzak
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2022)

Source Citation Ezekowitz JA, Colin-Ramirez E, Ross H, et al. Reduction of dietary sodium to less than 100 mmol in heart failure (SODIUM-HF): an international, open-label, randomised, controlled trial. Lancet. 2022;399:1391-400. 35381194
In HF, SGLT2 inhibitors reduce HF hospitalizations at up to 2 y
Authors: James M. Brophy
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2022)

Source Citation Zou X, Shi Q, Vandvik PO, et al. Sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in patients with heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med. 2022;175:851-61. 35404670
Digital interventions for depression and anxiety in older adults: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Indira Riadi, Lucy Kervin, Sandeep Dhillon, Kelly Teo, Ryan Churchill, Kiffer G Card, Andrew Sixsmith, Sylvain Moreno, Karen L Fortuna, John Torous, Theodore D Cosco
Journal: The Lancet Healthy Longevity (2022)

One in five older adults experience symptoms of depression and anxiety. Digital mental health interventions are promising in their ability to provide researchers, mental health professionals, clinicians, and patients with personalised tools for assessing their behaviour and seeking consultation, treatment, and peer support. This systematic review looks at existing randomised controlled trial studies on digital mental health interventions for older adults. Four factors have been found that contributed to the success of digital mental health interventions: (1) ease of use; (2) opportunities for social interactions; (3) having human support; and (4) having the digital mental health interventions tailored to the participants' needs. The findings also resulted in methodological considerations for future randomised controlled trials on digital mental health interventions: (1) having a healthy control group and an intervention group with clinical diagnoses of mental illness; (2) collecting data on the support given throughout the duration of the interventions; (3) obtaining qualitative and quantitative data to measure the success of the interventions; and (4) conducting follow-up interviews and surveys up to 1 year post-intervention to determine the long-term outcomes. The factors that were identified in this systematic review can provide future digital mental health interventions researchers, health professionals, clinicians, and patients with the tools to design, develop, and use successful interventions for older users.
Evolution of tricuspid regurgitation after transcatheter edge‐to‐edge mitral valve repair for secondary mitral regurgitation and its impact on mortality
Authors: Marianna Adamo, Matteo Pagnesi, Giulia Ghizzoni, Rodrigo Estévez‐Loureiro, Sergio Raposeiras‐Roubin, Daniela Tomasoni, Davide Stolfo, Gianfranco Sinagra, Antonio Popolo Rubbio, Francesco Bedogni, Federico De Marco, Cristina Giannini, Anna Sonia Petronio, Laura Stazzoni, Tomás Benito‐González, Felipe Fernández‐Vázquez, Carmen Garrote‐Coloma, Cosmo Godino, Eustachio Agricola, Andrea Munafò, Isaac Pascual, Pablo Avanzas, Victor Léon, Antonio Montefusco, Paolo Boretto, Stefano Pidello, Vanessa Moñivas‐Palomero, Maria Del Trigo, Elena Biagini, Alessandra Berardini, Francesco Saia, Luis Nombela‐Franco, Gabriela Tirado‐Conte, Alberto De Augustin, Berenice Caneiro‐Queija, Antonio De Luca, Luca Branca, Gregorio Zaccone, Laura Lupi, Erik Lipsic, Adriaan Voors, Marco Metra
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2022)
Wide Complex Tachycardia and Flecainide
Authors: Carlos Ruben Lopez Perales, Pablo Manuel Fernandez Corredoira, Maruan Chabbar Boudet
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Sleep-Disordered Breathing and Cardiac Arrhythmias in Adults: Mechanistic Insights and Clinical Implications: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
Authors: Reena Mehra, Mina K. Chung, Brian Olshansky, Dobromir Dobrev, Chandra L. Jackson, Vaishnavi Kundel, Dominik Linz, Nancy S. Redeker, Susan Redline, Prashanthan Sanders, Virend K. Somers
Journal: Circulation (2022)

Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), characterized by specific underlying physiological mechanisms, comprises obstructive and central pathophysiology, affects nearly 1 billion individuals worldwide, and is associated with excessive cardiopulmonary morbidity. Strong evidence implicates SDB in cardiac arrhythmogenesis. Immediate consequences of SDB include autonomic nervous system fluctuations, recurrent hypoxia, alterations in carbon dioxide/acid-base status, disrupted sleep architecture, and accompanying increases in negative intrathoracic pressures directly affecting cardiac function. Day-night patterning and circadian biology of SDB-induced pathophysiological sequelae collectively influence the structural and electrophysiological cardiac substrate, thereby creating an ideal milieu for arrhythmogenic propensity. Cohort studies support strong associations of SDB and cardiac arrhythmia, with evidence that discrete respiratory events trigger atrial and ventricular arrhythmic events. Observational studies suggest that SDB treatment reduces atrial fibrillation recurrence after rhythm control interventions. However, high-level evidence from clinical trials that supports a role for SDB intervention on rhythm control is not available. The goals of this scientific statement are to increase knowledge and awareness of the existing science relating SDB to cardiac arrhythmias (atrial fibrillation, ventricular tachyarrhythmias, sudden cardiac death, and bradyarrhythmias), synthesizing data relevant for clinical practice and identifying current knowledge gaps, presenting best practice consensus statements, and prioritizing future scientific directions. Key opportunities identified that are specific to cardiac arrhythmia include optimizing SDB screening, characterizing SDB predictive metrics and underlying pathophysiology, elucidating sex-specific and background-related influences in SDB, assessing the role of mobile health innovations, and prioritizing the conduct of rigorous and adequately powered clinical trials.
Targeting RAS Mutant Colorectal Cancer with Dual Inhibition of MEK and CDK4/6
Authors: Alexey V. Sorokin, Preeti Kanikarla Marie, Lea Bitner, Muddassir Syed, Melanie Woods, Ganiraju Manyam, Lawrence N. Kwong, Benny Johnson, Van K. Morris, Philip Jones, David G. Menter, Michael S. Lee, Scott Kopetz
Journal: Cancer Research (2022)

KRAS and NRAS mutations occur in 45% of colorectal cancers, with combined MAPK pathway and CDK4/6 inhibition identified as a potential therapeutic strategy. In the current study, this combinatorial treatment approach was evaluated in a co-clinical trial in patient-derived xenografts (PDX), and safety was established in a clinical trial of binimetinib and palbociclib in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer with RAS mutations. Across 18 PDX models undergoing dual inhibition of MEK and CDK4/6, 60% of tumors regressed, meeting the co-clinical trial primary endpoint. Prolonged duration of response occurred predominantly in TP53 wild-type models. Clinical evaluation of binimetinib and palbociclib in a safety lead-in confirmed safety and provided preliminary evidence of activity. Prolonged treatment in PDX models resulted in feedback activation of receptor tyrosine kinases and acquired resistance, which was reversed with a SHP2 inhibitor. These results highlight the clinical potential of this combination in colorectal cancer, along with the utility of PDX-based co-clinical trial platforms for drug development.This co-clinical trial of combined MEK-CDK4/6 inhibition in RAS mutant colorectal cancer demonstrates therapeutic efficacy in patient-derived xenografts and safety in patients, identifies biomarkers of response, and uncovers targetable mechanisms of resistance.
Rhesus macaque versus rat divergence in the corticospinal projectome
Authors: Eleni Sinopoulou, Ephron S. Rosenzweig, James M. Conner, Daniel Gibbs, Chase A. Weinholtz, Janet L. Weber, John H. Brock, Yvette S. Nout-Lomas, Eric Royz, Yoshio Takashima, Jeremy S. Biane, Hiromi Kumamaru, Leif A. Havton, Michael S. Beattie, Jacqueline C. Bresnahan, Mark H. Tuszynski
Journal: Neuron (2022)

We used viral intersectional tools to map the entire projectome of corticospinal neurons associated with fine distal forelimb control in Fischer 344 rats and rhesus macaques. In rats, we found an extraordinarily diverse set of collateral projections from corticospinal neurons to 23 different brain and spinal regions. Remarkably, the vast weighting of this "motor" projection was to sensory systems in both the brain and spinal cord, confirmed by optogenetic and transsynaptic viral intersectional tools. In contrast, rhesus macaques exhibited far heavier and narrower weighting of corticospinal outputs toward spinal and brainstem motor systems. Thus, corticospinal systems in macaques primarily constitute a final output system for fine motor control, whereas this projection in rats exerts a multi-modal integrative role that accesses far broader CNS regions. Unique structural-functional correlations can be achieved by mapping and quantifying a single neuronal system's total axonal output and its relative weighting across CNS targets.
Syncope and the Risk of Subsequent Motor Vehicle Crash
Authors: John A. Staples, Shannon Erdelyi, Ketki Merchant, Candace Yip, Mayesha Khan, Donald A. Redelmeier, Herbert Chan, Jeffrey R. Brubacher
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2022)

Medical driving restrictions are burdensome, yet syncope recurrence while driving can cause a motor vehicle crash (MVC). Few empirical data inform current driving restrictions after syncope.To examine MVC risk among patients visiting the emergency department (ED) after first-episode syncope.A population-based, retrospective observational cohort study of MVC risk after first-episode syncope was performed in British Columbia, Canada. Patients visiting any of 6 urban EDs for syncope and collapse were age- and sex-matched to 4 control patients visiting the same ED in the same month for a condition other than syncope. Patients' ED medical records were linked to administrative health records, driving history, and detailed crash reports. Crash-free survival among individuals with syncope was then compared with that among matched control patients. Data analyses were performed from May 2020 to March 2022.Initial ED visit for syncope.Involvement as a driver in an MVC in the year following the index ED visit. Crashes were identified using insurance claim data and police crash reports.The study cohort included 43 589 patients (9223 patients with syncope and 34 366 controls; median [IQR] age, 54 [35-72] years; 22 360 [51.3%] women; 5033 [11.5%] rural residents). At baseline, crude MVC incidence rates among both the syncope and control groups were higher than among the general population (12.2, 13.2, and 8.2 crashes per 100 driver-years, respectively). In the year following index ED visit, 846 first crashes occurred in the syncope group and 3457 first crashes occurred in the control group, indicating no significant difference in subsequent MVC risk (9.2% vs 10.1%; adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.93; 95% CI, 0.87-1.01; P = .07). Subsequent crash risk among patients with syncope was not significantly increased in the first 30 days after index ED visit (aHR, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.84-1.36; P = .56) or among subgroups at higher risk of adverse events after syncope (eg, age >65 years; cardiogenic syncope; Canadian Syncope Risk Score ≥1).The findings of this population-based retrospective cohort study suggest that patients visiting the ED with first-episode syncope exhibit a subsequent crash risk no different than the average ED patient. More stringent driving restrictions after syncope may not be warranted.
Prevalence of Disordered Eating and Associations With Sex, Pubertal Maturation, and Weight in Children in the US
Authors: Stuart B. Murray, Aaron J. Blashill, Jerel P. Calzo
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2022)

This cross-sectional study assesses the prevalence of disordered eating in children and its associations with sex, pubertal maturation, and weight.
Reply to ‘Lactate as a major myokine and exerkine’
Authors: Lisa S. Chow, Robert E. Gerszten, Joan M. Taylor, Bente K. Pedersen, Henriette van Praag, Scott Trappe, Mark A. Febbraio, Zorina S. Galis, Yunling Gao, Jacob M. Haus, Ian R. Lanza, Carl J. Lavie, Chih-Hao Lee, Alejandro Lucia, Cedric Moro, Ambarish Pandey, Jeremy M. Robbins, Kristin I. Stanford, Alice E. Thackray, Saul Villeda, Matthew J. Watt, Ashley Xia, Juleen R. Zierath, Bret H. Goodpaster, Michael Snyder
Journal: Nature Reviews Endocrinology (2022)
Influence of epigenetics on periodontitis and peri‐implantitis pathogenesis
Authors: Lena Larsson, Nolan M. Kavanagh, Trang V. N. Nguyen, Rogerio M. Castilho, Tord Berglundh, William V. Giannobile
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2022)

Abstract Periodontitis is a disease characterized by tooth‐associated microbial biofilms that drive chronic inflammation and destruction of periodontal‐supporting tissues. In some individuals, disease progression can lead to tooth loss. A similar condition can occur around dental implants in the form of peri‐implantitis. The immune response to bacterial challenges is not only influenced by genetic factors, but also by environmental factors. Epigenetics involves the study of gene function independent of changes to the DNA sequence and its associated proteins, and represents a critical link between genetic and environmental factors. Epigenetic modifications have been shown to contribute to the progression of several diseases, including chronic inflammatory diseases like periodontitis and peri‐implantitis. This review aims to present the latest findings on epigenetic influences on periodontitis and to discuss potential mechanisms that may influence peri‐implantitis, given the paucity of information currently available.
Dual role of deubiquitinating enzyme USP19 regulates mitotic progression and tumorigenesis by stabilizing survivin
Authors: Arun Pandian Chandrasekaran, Apoorvi Tyagi, Naresh Poondla, Neha Sarodaya, Janardhan Keshav Karapurkar, Kamini Kaushal, Chang-Hwan Park, Seok-Ho Hong, Kye-Seong Kim, Suresh Ramakrishna
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2022)

Survivin is a component of the chromosomal passenger complex, which includes Aurora B, INCENP, and Borealin, and is required for chromosome segregation and cytokinesis. We performed a genome-wide screen of deubiquitinating enzymes for survivin. For the first time, we report that USP19 has a dual role in the modulation of mitosis and tumorigenesis by regulating survivin expression. Our results found that USP19 stabilizes and interacts with survivin in HCT116 cells. USP19 deubiquitinates survivin protein and extends its half-life. We also found that USP19 functions as a mitotic regulator by controlling the downstream signaling of survivin protein. Targeted genome knockout verified that USP19 depletion leads to several mitotic defects, including cytokinesis failure. In addition, USP19 depletion results in significant enrichment of apoptosis and reduces the growth of tumors in the mouse xenograft. We envision that simultaneous targeting of USP19 and survivin in oncologic drug development would increase therapeutic value and minimize redundancy.
Inhibition of the m6A reader IGF2BP2 as a strategy against T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Panpan Feng, Dawei Chen, Xia Wang, Yanxia Li, Zhenyu Li, Boya Li, Yupeng Zhang, Wei Li, Jingru Zhang, Jingjing Ye, Baobing Zhao, Jingxin Li, Chunyan Ji
Journal: Leukemia (2022)

T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive malignant leukemia with extremely limited treatment for relapsed patients. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) reader insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2) participates in the initiation and growth of cancers by communicating with various targets. Here, we found IGF2BP2 was highly expressed in T-ALL. Gain and loss of IGF2BP2 demonstrated IGF2BP2 was essential for T-ALL cell proliferation in vitro and loss of IGF2BP2 prolonged animal survival in a human T-ALL xenograft model. Mechanistically, IGF2BP2 directly bound to T-ALL oncogene NOTCH1 via an m6A dependent manner. Furthermore, we identified a small-molecule IGF2BP2 inhibitor JX5 and treatment of T-ALL with JX5 showed similar functions as knockdown of IGF2BP2. These findings not only shed light on the role of IGF2BP2 in T-ALL, but also provide an alternative γ‑Secretase inhibitors (GSI) therapy to treat T-ALL.
Disparities in Lung Disease of Prematurity—When Does Exposure to Racism Begin?
Authors: Nicolas A. Bamat, Rasheda J. Vereen, Diana Montoya-Williams
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal