tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Expanding the Full Potential of Liquid Biopsies for Lung Cancer Patients
Authors: Christian Rolfo, Umberto Malapelle, Alessandro Russo
Journal: Cancer Research (2022)

In recent years, there has been tremendous therapeutic progress for advanced lung cancer, leading to the identification of a multitude of therapeutic targets and significantly expanding the list of potential target genes to be tested. However, precision oncology requires knowledge of the exact biology of the tumor through sequencing of the cancer genome, which is hampered by limited tissue availability in thoracic malignancies. Liquid biopsy, namely plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) analysis, has expanded these opportunities and is now firmly established in the diagnostic algorithm of patients with lung cancer with metastatic disease. However, the full potential of this powerful tool has been largely underexplored. In this issue of Cancer Research, Nair and colleagues provide evidence of the clinical utility of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cfDNA profiling through an ultra-deep next-generation sequencing approach. The study findings support further development of BAL cfDNA analysis for tumor genotyping, besides the current gold standard sources (tissue and plasma), as a complementary tool in patients undergoing diagnostic bronchoscopy for tumor diagnosis and/or rebiopsy, increasing the success rates of genomic analyses. In addition, BAL cfDNA profiling might represent an important diagnostic tool in early-stage lung cancer, outperforming plasma cfDNA in stage I–II and detecting field cancerization signs, potentially identifying tumors before their clinical appearance. Further studies should confirm the full potential of BAL cfDNA profiling in lung cancer and its place in the large family of liquid biopsies. See related article by Nair et al., p. 2838
Re: COVID-19 Vaccine–Induced Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome With Polyserositis Detected by FDG PET/CT
Authors: Pathum Sookaromdee, Viroj Wiwanitkit
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2022)

∗Private Academic Consultant Bangkok, Thailand [email protected] †Department of Community Medicine DY Patil University Pune, India Conflicts of interest and sources of funding: none declared.
Supplemental Marine ω-3 Fatty Acids Did Not Prevent New Dry Eye Disease
Authors: Anita Slomsk
Journal: JAMA (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prostate Cancer Detection Percentages of Repeat Biopsy in Patients with Positive Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging (Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System/Likert 3–5) and Negative Initial Biopsy. A Mini Systematic Review
Authors: Nikolaos Grivas, Michael Lardas, Estefania Linares Espinós, Thomas B. Lam, Olivier Rouviere, Nicolas Mottet, Roderick C.N. van den Bergh
Journal: European Urology (2022)
Corrigendum to “Reversing multidrug resistance by intracellular delivery of Pluronic® P85 unimers” [Biomaterials 34 (2013) 9602–9614]
Authors: Wei Hong, Dawei Chen, Xiaojun Zhang, Jianfu Zeng, Haiyang Hu, Xiuli Zhao, Mingxi Qiao
Journal: Biomaterials (2022)
More evidence: Mothers’ own milk is personalized medicine for very low birthweight infants
Authors: Paula P. Meier
Journal: Cell Reports Medicine (2022)

"Human milk sources and fortification: Impact on fecal microbiota and calprotectin in premature infants" highlights improved outcomes in predominantly mothers' own milk-fed versus predominantly pasteurized donor human milk-fed VLBW infants, regardless of fortifier type. Research and practice implications are reviewed.
Ten-Year Effectiveness of the Multidisciplinary Risk Assessment and Management Programme–Diabetes Mellitus (RAMP-DM) on Macrovascular and Microvascular Complications and All-Cause Mortality: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Eric Ho Man Tang, Ivy Lynn Mak, Emily Tsui Yee Tse, Eric Yuk Fai Wan, Esther Yee Tak Yu, Julie Yun Chen, Weng Yee Chin, David Vai Kiong Chao, Wendy Wing Sze Tsui, Tony King Hang Ha, Carlos King Ho Wong, Cindy Lo Kuen Lam
Journal: Diabetes Care (2022)

OBJECTIVE The Risk Assessment and Management Programme–Diabetes Mellitus (RAMP-DM) is a protocol-driven, risk-stratified, and individualized management program offered by a multidisciplinary team in addition to usual care for primary care patients with diabetes. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of RAMP-DM for preventing complications and mortality over 10 years. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A population-based, prospective cohort study of adult patients with type 2 diabetes managed in the Hong Kong public primary health care system between 2009 and 2010 was conducted. RAMP-DM participants and usual care patients were matched using one-to-one propensity score matching and followed for 10 years. Risks of macrovascular and microvascular complications and all-cause mortality were estimated by Cox proportional hazards regression. RESULTS A total of 36,746 patients (18,373 in each group) were included after propensity score matching, with a median follow-up of 9.5 years and 306,802 person-years. RAMP-DM participants had significantly lower risks of macrovascular (hazard ratio [HR] 0.52, 95% CI 0.50–0.54) and microvascular (HR 0.68, 95% CI 0.64–0.72) complications and all-cause mortality (HR 0.45, 95% CI 0.43–0.47) than patients who received usual care only. However, the effect of RAMP-DM on macrovascular and microvascular complications attenuated after the 9th and 8th year of follow-up, respectively. RAMP-DM participants also showed better control of hemoglobin A1c, blood pressure, triglycerides, and BMI and a slower decline in renal function. CONCLUSIONS Significant reductions in diabetes-related complications and all-cause mortality were observed among RAMP-DM participants over a 10-year follow-up, yet the effect of preventing complications attenuated after 8 years.
Genome-wide profiling of 5-hydroxymethylcytosines in circulating cell-free DNA reveals population-specific pathways in the development of multiple myeloma
Authors: Brian C.-H. Chiu, Zhou Zhang, Benjamin A. Derman, Jason Karpus, Liangzhi Luo, Sheng Zhang, Spencer S. Langerman, Madina Sukhanova, Parveen Bhatti, Andrzej Jakubowiak, Chuan He, Wei Zhang
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2022)

Abstract Multiple myeloma (MM) and its precursors monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering myeloma (SMM) are 2–3 times more common in African Americans (AA) than European Americans (EA). Although epigenetic changes are well recognized in the context of myeloma cell biology, the contribution of 5-hydroxymethylcytosines (5hmC) to racial disparities in MM is unknown. Using the 5hmC-Seal and next-generation sequencing, we profiled genome-wide 5hmC in circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from 342 newly diagnosed patients with MM ( n = 294), SMM ( n = 18), and MGUS ( n = 30). We compared differential 5hmC modifications between MM and its precursors among 227 EA and 115 AA patients. The captured 5hmC modifications in cfDNA were found to be enriched in B-cell and T-cell-derived histone modifications marking enhancers. Of the top 500 gene bodies with differential 5hmC levels between MM and SMM/MGUS, the majority (94.8%) were distinct between EA and AA and enriched with population-specific pathways, including amino acid metabolism in AA and mainly cancer-related signaling pathways in EA. These findings improved our understanding of the epigenetic contribution to racial disparities in MM and suggest epigenetic pathways that could be exploited as novel preventive strategies in high-risk populations.
Advisory Board and Contents
Authors: Elizabeth Holly, Edgar Díaz-Hernández, Marc Fuccillo, Michael Kelberman, David Weinshenker, David Barack, Earl Miller, Christopher Moore, Adam Packer, Luiz Pessoa, Lauren Ross, Nicole Rust, Peter Jedlicka, Matus Tomko, Anthony Robins, Wickliffe Abraham, Antonio Criscuolo, Michael Schwartze, Sonja Kotz, Zachary Zamore, Sigrid Veasey, Moran Furman, Danielle Loughlin, Fred Kop, Patrick Scheffmann, Silvia Arber, Emery Brown, Rui Costa, Ann Craig, John Cryan, Catherine Dulac, Yukiko Goda, Kenneth Harris, Nancy Ip, Meyer Jackson, Maria Karayiorgou, Nancy Kopell, Robert Malenka, Mark Mattson, Freda Miller, Richard Morris, Maiken Nedergaard, Eric Nestler, Kia Nobre, Marco Prinz, Anna Wang, Roe Carmen, Sandi Klaas, Enno Stephan, Greg Stuart, Christopher Walsh, Xiaoqin Wang, Xu Zhang
Journal: Trends in Neurosciences (2022)
Mitochondrial stress in advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis associated with chronic hepatitis B, chronic hepatitis C, or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Authors: Dimitri Loureiro, Issam Tout, Stéphanie Narguet, Cheikh Mohamed Bed, Morgane Roinard, Ahmad Sleiman, Nathalie Boyer, Nathalie Pons‐Kerjean, Corinne Castelnau, Nathalie Giuly, Dorothy Tonui, Vassili Soumelis, Jamel El Benna, Patrick Soussan, Richard Moreau, Valérie Paradis, Abdellah Mansouri, Tarik Asselah
Journal: Hepatology (2022)

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection causes oxidative stress (OS) and alters mitochondria in experimental models. Our goal was to investigate whether HBV might alter liver mitochondria also in humans, and the resulting mitochondrial stress might account for the progression of fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B (CHB).
Myeloid/Lymphoid Neoplasms with Eosinophilia and Platelet Derived Growth Factor Receptor Alpha (PDGFRA) Rearrangement
Authors: Prabhjot Kaur, Wahab A. Khan
Journal: Leukemia (2022)

Myeloid and lymphoid neoplasms with eosinophilia and PDGFRA rearrangements are recognized as a distinct entity within the section of "Myeloid/Lymphoid neoplasms with eosinophilia and tyrosine kinase gene fusions (MLN-TK)". Based on the WHO classification of tumors of Hematopoietic and Lymphoid tissues (5th Ed, 2022), these neoplasms also comprise of PDGFRB rearrangement, FGFR1 gene rearrangements, JAK2 rearrangement, FLT3 rearrangement, ETV6::ABL1 fusion as well as some others. Of note, these are recently defined entities and are still evolving. In this chapter, practical issues regarding diagnosis, cytogenetic testing, molecular studies, therapeutics, and clinical implications are discussed. Differential diagnosis in consideration for eosinophilia and hypereosinophilic syndrome are further highlighted.
Hemagglutinin stalk-binding antibodies enhance effectiveness of neuraminidase inhibitors against influenza via Fc-dependent effector functions
Authors: Ali Zhang, Hanu Chaudhari, Yonathan Agung, Michael R. D’Agostino, Jann C. Ang, Yona Tugg, Matthew S. Miller
Journal: Cell Reports Medicine (2022)

The conserved hemagglutinin stalk domain is an attractive target for broadly effective antibody-based therapeutics and next-generation universal influenza vaccines. Protection provided by hemagglutinin stalk-binding antibodies is principally mediated through activation of immune effector cells. Titers of stalk-binding antibodies are highly variable on an individual level and tend to increase with age as a result of increasing exposures to influenza virus. In our study, we show that stalk-binding antibodies cooperate with neuraminidase inhibitors to protect against influenza virus infection in an Fc-dependent manner. These data suggest that the effectiveness of neuraminidase inhibitors is likely influenced by an individual's titers of stalk-binding antibodies and that neuraminidase inhibitors may enhance the effectiveness of future stalk-binding monoclonal antibody-based treatments.
Funding Sources of Therapeutic and Vaccine Clinical Trials for COVID-19 vs Non–COVID-19 Indications, 2020-2021
Authors: Aris Angelis, Carlos Suarez Alonso, Ilias Kyriopoulos, Elias Mossialos
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

Effective COVID-19 vaccines and therapeutics reached the market within the first year of the pandemic. This rate of development and availability was an unprecedented achievement that required attention to numerous research and development, regulatory, and policy challenges. However, only limited evidence is currently available on the sources of funding for COVID-19 clinical trials.
Addressing the opportunity gap in the Latin American neuroscience community
Authors: Ana Silva, Keerthana Iyer, Francesca Cirulli, Elaine Del-Bel, Zulma Dueñas, Edna Matta-Camacho, José Luis Peña, Gregory J. Quirk, Valeria Ramirez-Castañeda, Carmen Sandi
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2022)
Medical Education—Progress of Twenty-Two Years
Journal: JAMA (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sub‐lineages of the SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron variants: Characteristics and prevention
Authors: Ailan Xu, Bixia Hong, Fuxing Lou, Shuqi Wang, Wenye Li, Amna Shafqat, Xiaoping An, Yunwei Zhao, Lihua Song, Yigang Tong, Huahao Fan
Journal: MedComm (2022)

Abstract Since the start of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, new variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) have emerged, accelerating the spread of the virus. Omicron was defined by the World Health Organization in November 2021 as the fifth “variant of concern” after Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta. In recent months, Omicron has become the main epidemic strain. Studies have shown that Omicron carries more mutations than Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and wild‐type, facilitating immune escape and accelerating its transmission. This review focuses on the Omicron variant's origin, transmission, main biological features, subvariants, mutations, immune escape, vaccination, and detection methods. We also discuss the appropriate preventive and therapeutic measures that should be taken to address the new challenges posed by the Omicron variant. This review is valuable to guide the surveillance, prevention, and development of vaccines and other therapies for Omicron variants. It is desirable to develop a more efficient vaccine against the Omicron variant and take more effective measures to constrain the spread of the epidemic and promote public health.
Targeting DNA Repair with Combined Inhibition of NHEJ and MMEJ Induces Synthetic Lethality in <i>TP53</i>-Mutant Cancers
Authors: Jeffrey Patterson-Fortin, Arindam Bose, Wei-Chih Tsai, Carter Grochala, Huy Nguyen, Jia Zhou, Kalindi Parmar, Jean-Bernard Lazaro, Joyce Liu, Kelsey McQueen, Geoffrey I. Shapiro, David Kozono, Alan D. D'Andrea
Journal: Cancer Research (2022)

DNA repair pathway inhibitors are a new class of anticancer drugs that are advancing in clinical trials. Peposertib is an inhibitor of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), which is a key driver of nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ). To identify regulators of response to peposertib, we performed a genome-wide CRISPR knockout screen and found that loss of POLQ (polymerase theta, POLθ) and other genes in the microhomology-mediated end-joining (MMEJ) pathway are key predictors of sensitivity to DNA-PK inhibition. Simultaneous disruption of two DNA repair pathways via combined treatment with peposertib plus a POLθ inhibitor novobiocin exhibited synergistic synthetic lethality resulting from accumulation of toxic levels of DNA double-strand break end resection. TP53-mutant tumor cells were resistant to peposertib but maintained elevated expression of POLQ and increased sensitivity to novobiocin. Consequently, the combination of peposertib plus novobiocin resulted in synthetic lethality in TP53-deficient tumor cell lines, organoid cultures, and patient-derived xenograft models. Thus, the combination of a targeted DNA-PK/NHEJ inhibitor with a targeted POLθ/MMEJ inhibitor may provide a rational treatment strategy for TP53-mutant solid tumors.Combined inhibition of NHEJ and MMEJ using two nontoxic, targeted DNA repair inhibitors can effectively induce toxic DNA damage to treat TP53-deficient cancers.
Isolated axial disease in psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis with psoriasis
Authors: Timothy S H Kwok, Mitchell Sutton, Daniel Pereira, Richard J Cook, Vinod Chandran, Nigil Haroon, Robert D Inman, Dafna D Gladman
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2022)

To compare isolated axial psoriatic arthritis (PsA), axial PsA with peripheral involvement and isolated axial ankylosing spondylitis (AS) with psoriasis. To evaluate predictors for developing peripheral disease from isolated axial PsA over time.Two PsA and AS cohorts identified patients with PsA with axial disease and isolated axial patients with AS with psoriasis. Logistic regression compared isolated axial PsA to axial PsA with peripheral involvement and isolated axial AS with psoriasis. Cox proportional hazards model evaluated predictors for developing peripheral disease from isolated axial PsA.Of 1576 patients with PsA, 2.03% had isolated axial disease and 29.38% had axial and peripheral disease. human leucocyte antigen HLA-B*27 positivity (OR 25.00, 95% CI 3.03 to 206.11) and lower Health Assessment Questionnaire scores (OR 0.004, 95% CI 0.00 to 0.28) were associated with isolated axial disease. HLA-B*27 also predicted peripheral disease development over time (HR 7.54, 95% CI 1.79 to 31.77). Of 1688 patients with AS, 4.86% had isolated axial disease with psoriasis. Isolated axial patients with PsA were older at diagnosis (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.13), more likely to have nail lesions (OR 12.37, 95% CI 2.22 to 69.07) and less likely to have inflammatory back pain (OR 0.12, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.61) compared with patients with isolated axial AS with psoriasis.Isolated axial PsA and AS with psoriasis are uncommon. HLA-B*27 positivity is associated with isolated axial PsA and may identify those who develop peripheral disease over time. Isolated axial PsA is associated with better functional status. Isolated axial PsA appears clinically distinct from isolated axial AS with psoriasis.
Medical Need and Transplant Accessibility
Authors: Wasan M. Kumar
Journal: JAMA (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Acute and Chronic Diabetes-Related Complications Among Patients With Diabetes Receiving Care in Community Health Centers
Authors: Irina Chamine, Jun Hwang, Steele Valenzuela, Miguel Marino, Annie E. Larson, Joanna Georgescu, Michaella Latkovic-Taber, Heather Angier, Jennifer E. DeVoe, Nathalie Huguet
Journal: Diabetes Care (2022)
Association of Anticancer Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors With Patient-Reported Outcomes Assessed in Randomized Clinical Trials
Authors: Laura Pala, Isabella Sala, Chiara Oriecuia, Tommaso De Pas, Paola Queirolo, Claudia Specchia, Emilia Cocorocchio, Pierfrancesco Ferrucci, Damiano Patanè, Maristella Saponara, Elisabetta Pennacchioli, Sara Coppola, Giuseppe Viale, Giuseppe Giaccone, Richard D. Gelber, Vincenzo Bagnardi, Fabio Conforti
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

The association of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) with patient quality of life has been poorly explored.
The Struggle to Control Blood Pressure in Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Howard D. Larkin
Journal: JAMA (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal