tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hospital readmission after a breast cancer-related admission among breast cancer patients with and without heart failure.
Authors: Chanhyun Park, Hyesung Lee, Brian C. Jensen, Mara A. Schonberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

e18717 Background: Breast cancer and heart failure (HF) are both costly conditions that lead to increased hospitalization. Little is known about hospital readmission among breast cancer patients with comorbid HF. We aimed to compare rates and causes of readmission among women hospitalized for breast cancer, between those with and without comorbid HF. Methods: This cross-sectional study, using the 2015–2018 Nationwide Readmissions Database (NRD), includes hospitalized women with a primary diagnosis code for breast cancer. The primary independent variable was the presence of comorbid HF. The dependent variables were 30-day and 90-day hospital readmission after hospital discharge. Women with HF were matched to women without HF by age group (18-49, 60-64, 65-79, ≥ 80 years). Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the association between HF and hospital readmission rate while controlling for covariates. Subgroup analyses were conducted by age group. Results: Among 172,434 hospitalized women with breast cancer, 11.9% (n = 20,102) had HF; of which 8.8% were readmitted at 30 days and 15.9% at 90 days. Before matching, mean age (SD) of women with HF was 73.9 (SD +/-11.6) years and was 62.8 (+/-14.1) years in those without HF; after matching the mean age was 71.5 (+/-11.4) years for both groups. In multivariate analyses, comorbid HF was associated with a 14% increase in the 30-day readmission rate and a 20% increase in the 90-day readmission rate. HF was associated with an increased risk of readmission for women with breast cancer who were ≥ 65 years, but not for those &lt; 65 years. Among those with HF who were ≥ 65 years, the most common cause of readmission was HF; among those with HF who were &lt; 65 years, the most common cause of readmission was breast cancer. Conclusions: HF substantially increased the risk of hospital readmission for older women breast cancer. Timely inpatient and post-discharge management of HF, particularly for older women, will improve health outcomes and reduce the economic burden among patients with breast cancer.[Table: see text]
Modeling of the business process management in a unit of lithotripsy and endourology of a tertiary public hospital
Authors: J.D. López Acón, A. Budía Alba, J. Bolón Marset, B. Nakdali Kassab, D.G. Ordaz Jurado, M. Trassierra Villa, P. Bahilo Mateu, F. Boronat Tormo
Journal: European Urology (2022)
LGG-38. Dose-dependent seizure control for an NF1 patient treated via MEK-inhibition for optic pathway glioma
Authors: Evan Cantor, Ashley Meyer, Andrea Ogle, Margaret Shatara, Andrew Cluster, Mohamed S Abdelbaki, Stephanie Morris, Judith Weisenberg, Nicole M Brossier
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2022)

Abstract BACKGROUND: Low-grade gliomas (LGG) are the most common solid tumor of childhood and can result in neurologic complications, including seizures, focal neurologic deficits, and learning difficulties. Molecularly targeted agents are increasingly being utilized to treat LGG, but the effect of these agents on accompanying neurologic complications are poorly understood. CASE: An 8-years old male with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1), medically refractory epilepsy and deep extensive glioma (extending from the optic pathway and involving the basal ganglia and corpus collosum) began selumetinib therapy due to radiographic and symptomatic tumor progression. Radiographic response (resolution of enhancement) was observed at 12 weeks of therapy, accompanied by improvement in seizure frequency, hemiparesis, and academic performance. Due to cardiotoxicity observed at that time (asymptomatic decreased ejection fraction and shortening fraction on echocardiogram), selumetinib was reduced to 50% dosing. On this reduced dose of selumetinib, seizures increased in frequency with subsequent worsening hemiparesis and recurrence of learning difficulties. One month later, dosing was escalated back to 100% due to interval resolution of cardiotoxicity, resulting in resolution of seizures and improvement in focal neurologic deficits and cognition. DISCUSSION: Dose-dependent response to MEK inhibition was observed without concurrent changes in anti-epileptic medications. The tumor was stable in size despite improved enhancement with treatment, suggesting that objective response by RANO criteria is not necessary for improved seizure control in LGG. Recent work has implicated the RAS/MEK/ERK pathway in neuronal precursor cells as a cause for epilepsy, suggesting that MEK inhibition of NF1-heterozygous neurons could be contributing to treatment response in this patient. Improvements in weakness and academic performance may have been due to improved seizure control or a direct effect of MEK inhibition on NF1-heterozygous neurons. CONCLUSION: MEK inhibition may have a clinically relevant anti-seizure effect for patients with pediatric LGG or NF1.
FGL2 expression and relation with survival and prognosis in patients treated with concurrent temozolamide and radiotherapy in high-grade glioma.
Authors: Maha Elnaggar, Mohamed Alaa Mohamed, Rania Makboul, Ahmed A.S. El Hakeem, Wael M.A. Abd El-Ghani, Sohaila Mohammed Essam, Samir-Shehata M. Eid
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

e14019 Background: FGL2 is a member of the fibrinogen-related protein, Literature suggests that FGL2 contributes to the progression of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) through inducing multiple immunosuppression mechanisms. The present study aimed at evaluation of the expression and the prognostic value of FGL2 in high grade glioma. Methods: In our study, we analysed sixty specimens retrieved at diagnosis of high grade glioma patients. They received concurrent Temozolamide and radiotherapy, as a standard of care, during the period from October 2019 to December 2020 and and were followed up for 12 months . Evaluation of FGL2 expression done by using FGL2 Immunohistochemistry .ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04113278. Results: Mean age of studied patients was (48.88± 12.45) . Majority (75%) of patients were males. Mean FGL2 expression was 61 ± 31.80 (%) with range between 3% and 95%. It was found that 7 (11.7%) patients had negative FGL2. Over the period of follow up, incidence of disease progression was significantly higher among the patients with higher percentage of FGL2 in comparison to those with lower FGL2 percentages (76.54 ± 18.52 vs. 56.17 ± 33.41(%); P= 0.04). number of deaths was also significantly higher among the high FGL2 percentage group (64.86 ± 31.58 vs. 54.16 ± 31.71(%); P= 0.03). Intensity of FGL2 was mild 16 (26.7%), moderate 20 (33.3%) and strong 17 (28.3%) . Intensity of FGL2 was more among patients with disease progression. All patients with progression had either moderate intensity (46.2%) or strong intensity (53.8%). Seven (14.9%) patients without disease progression had negative FGL2 expression with ( P= 0.01). Disease free progression (DFP) was significantly negatively correlated with increasing in the intensity of FGL2. Patients with strong intensity had the lowest DFP (14 month) while patients with negative FGL2 and mild intensity had the highest DFP (25 month) with ( P &lt;0.001). Overall survival was significantly worse with increasing in the intensity of FGL2 where patients with strong intensity had the lowest overall survival (19 month), while patients with negative FGL2 and mild intensity had the highest overall survival (27and 26 month, respectively) with ( P &lt;0.001). For prediction of progression among patients with high grade glioma, FGL2 at cut off point &gt; 60% has 92.3% sensitivity and 28% specificity with ( P= 0.04). For prediction of mortality among patients with high grade glioma, FGL2 at cut off point &gt; 70% has 67% sensitivity and 61% specificity with ( P= 0.03). Conclusions: FGL2 expression in high grade glioma patients can be used as a prognostic factor but additional studies are required to clarify the prognostic value.
The Relation of Diseases of the Skin to General Conditions
Journal: JAMA (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cancer survivorship in gulf countries: A systematic review.
Authors: Maha Hameed, Aqsa Ashraf, Muhammad Salman Faisal
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

e24046 Background: Cancer survivors have been increasing worldwide due to advancements in early cancer detection, chemo-hormonal therapy, and improved supportive care with an estimated four-to-five-fold increase in cancer burden in Gulf countries by the year 2040. Cancer survivorship deals with the host of challenges that cancer leaves in its wake. We seek to explore the experience of Gulf countries' cancer survivors and identify the gaps that need to be addressed. Methods: A systematic review of current evidence regarding cancer survivorship in the 6 Gulf countries (inclusive of Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates) was conducted according to the PRISMA 2020 checklist, without restricting to a starting date. We searched five major online databases: Embase, Cochrane, PubMed, SciELO, and Web of Science. Twenty-two articles were reviewed for the inclusion of predefined domains of cancer survivorship (Nekhlyudov et al, JNCI 2019). Results: Most of the studies included were published in Saudi Arabia (63.6%), followed by UAE (13.6%), Oman (9.1%), Bahrain (4.5%), Kuwait (4.5%), and Qatar (4.5%). Data within the included studies encompassed 9 domains of survivorship, of which clinical structure was reported most consistently (95.5%), followed by surveillance and management of physical and psychosocial effects (77.3% and 68.2% respectively). The most frequently reported domain, clinical structure, refers to the type of healthcare delivery environment offered, patient education, availability of necessary specialty care and subsequent healthcare professionals, access to care, the functionality of available healthcare information systems (e.g., electronic medical records and telehealth) and whether opportunities for research participation was offered to patients. Comparatively, the three domains health promotion (27%), patient experience (27%), and surveillance and management of chronic medical conditions (13%) were reported least frequently. Conclusions: Cancer survivorship in Gulf countries is currently in its infancy, evidenced by a paucity of literature on the topic. This systematic review assesses domains explored by available studies, finding a significant focus on clinical structure. Gaps in literature particularly within the surveillance and management of chronic medical conditions in cancer survivor patients need to be addressed in future research.[Table: see text]
Functional remodeling of the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter complex in metabolic cardiomyopathy
Authors: M Panel, L Fossier, M Lacote, L Azria, C Notarnicola, P Sicard, J Thireau, AC Meli, A Lacampagne, J Fauconnier
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2022)

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Foundation. Main funding source(s): Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale ANR Background Calcium (Ca2+) uptake through the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter complex (MCUC) controls keys steps of the oxidative metabolism. In metabolic cardiomyopathy, myocardial mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake is impaired, but whether it is an early feature of the pathology remain unsolved. Purpose To establish whether mitochondrial Ca2+ dynamics and MCUC structure and function are affected at the early stage of the metabolic cardiomyopathy. Methods and Results Mice fed two weeks with a high fat sucrose diet display early features of metabolic disorders and diastolic dysfunction. Concomitantly, mitochondrial Ca2+-dependent pyruvate dehydrogenase activity and the beat-to-beat mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake are reduced. The impaired mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake was further confirmed by single channel recordings of the native MCUC incorporated in planar lipid bilayer demonstrating a reduction of the ion conductance and the open probability. The MCUC biochemical analysis showed an elevation of the EMRE subunit expression and an increase interaction of EMRE with the MICU1 subunits. Co-immunoprecipitation also revealed a deceased interaction of the pore forming subunits MCU with EMRE-MICU1 subcomplex. The displacement of the MCUC assembly was confirmed by the decrease in m-AAA protease-interacting protein 1 expression as well as its loss of binding with EMRE. Conclusions The remodeling of the MCUC integrity impacts mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis at the early stage of the metabolic cardiomyopathy and provides a novel post-translational paradigm of the MCUC regulation in pathophysiological context.
The art of data labelling for building supervised computer Vision models for kidney surgery
Authors: M. Bhandari, A. Hamid, V. Tyagi, G.R. Choudhary, C. Mallikarjuna, M. Desai, A. Srivastava, R. Ahlawat, D. Dubey, C. Pratt, M. Reddiboina
Journal: European Urology (2022)
Circulating Brodalumab Levels and Therapy Outcomes in Patients With Psoriasis Treated With Brodalumab
Authors: Christian Enevold, Nikolai Loft, Anne Bregnhøj, Claus Zachariae, Lars Iversen, Lone Skov, Claus Henrik Nielsen
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2022)

<h3>Importance</h3> Given the possible treatment modalities in psoriasis management, little is known about whether drug monitoring is associated with response rate. <h3>Objective</h3> To determine whether drug monitoring is associated with response to brodalumab therapy. <h3>Design</h3> A multicenter case series study of patients with psoriasis treated with brodalumab whose treatment with previous IL-17A inhibitor therapy failed. Patients were recruited from the Departments of Dermatology at Gentofte and Aarhus University Hospitals, Denmark, between 2018 and 2020. Patient visits were conducted after 4 and 12 weeks of therapy. Patients not achieving Psoriasis Area and Severity Index 75% improvement from baseline (PASI 75) after 12 weeks were discontinued and considered nonresponders. Patients maintaining PASI 75 response were followed up for up to 52 weeks. <h3>Exposure</h3> Treatment with brodalumab, 210 mg, at weeks 0, 1, 2, then every 2 weeks. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Outcome measures were PASI reductions vs brodalumab levels and antibrodalumab antibodies. <h3>Results</h3> Twenty patients with psoriasis (13 [65%] were male; median age, 50 years [range, 19-66 years]) were included. After 12 weeks of therapy, patients with quantifiable levels of brodalumab (≥0.05 μg/mL) experienced significantly higher PASI reductions than those without (median, 93%; range, 61%-100% vs median, −3; range, −49% to 94%, respectively;<i>P</i> = .006). After 12 weeks of therapy, 4 of 5 patients (80%) not achieving PASI 75 had subquantifiable drug levels (&lt;0.05 μg/mL), although this finding was seen for only 3 of 14 PASI 75 responders (21%). None of 7 patients (35%) with subquantifiable drug levels after 12 weeks of therapy maintained response. No antibrodalumab antibodies were detected in any of the tested samples. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Results of this case series study suggest that circulating brodalumab level is a factor associated with clinical treatment response. Monitoring patient levels of circulating brodalumab may aid clinical decision-making and help prevent ineffective therapy.
Leveraging patient engagement to optimize a phase 3 clinical trial design, study participation and recruitment for women diagnosed with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).
Authors: Mary E. Elmer, Vassiliki Karantza, Michelle Vichnin, Gursel Aktan, Valerie J. Powell
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

1073 Background: The importance of Patient Engagement (PE) on clinical trial design is well established. PE in oncology medicines development can serve many purposes including obtaining input on trial design/procedures, identifying recruitment challenges and barriers to participation, and understanding retention strategies. Designing a clinical trial with procedures that have been confirmed as acceptable to participants is also likely to improve patient adherence to treatments. Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) is a virulent subtype associated with early onset and increased risk of early recurrence and accounts for 15% to 20% of breast cancers. In addition, a higher risk exists in premenopausal and Black women. Chemotherapy is the mainstay of curative therapy recommended by guidelines. The aim was to obtain insights from patients to inform key aspects of a clinical study design including choice of chemotherapy regimen, study feasibility and recruitment strategies. Methods: Two groups of US women (N = 20) ages 28-54; (race 55% Caucasian, 30% African American, 10% Hispanic, 5% Native American) diagnosed with Stage IIb-IV TNBC and in active or completed treatment were recruited to participate in two in person IRB approved sessions. Trained 3 rd party facilitators used qualitative methods to elicit patient feedback. Preliminary research included interviews with key stakeholders, including TNBC advocacy group leaders and a review of online patient communities. Patients reviewed a study design with an investigational agent every 3 weeks plus chemotherapy (nab-paclitaxel; paclitaxel) or placebo plus chemotherapy. Results: Patient reaction to the choice of taxane chemotherapy in the standard of care arm was neutral to negative. Approximately 50% of the patients identified taxane treatment as a barrier to participation. All patients requested flexibility in treatment choices, clear information about required tests and visits, and more diversity in recruitment materials. Black and Hispanic women impacted by TNBC did not feel they had equal access to clinical trials due to race, rural location, and other factors. Patient insights reinforced the decision to add another standard-of-care option (carboplatin plus gemcitabine) as a treatment arm to the trial design and was confirmed with investigators. Patient feedback was incorporated into the trial along with additional strategies to support recruitment of diverse patients in the clinical study. Conclusions: On November 13, 2020 the FDA approved this regimen in the label for pembrolizumab in combination with chemotherapy, as the 1 st line treatment in women with locally recurrent or metastatic TNBC. Both patients and physicians perceived that a flexible chemotherapy backbone was a benefit.
Cell-free DNA methylation as a predictive biomarker of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer in SWOG S1314.
Authors: Yi-Tsung Lu, Melissa Plets, Gareth Morrison, Alexander T. Cunha, Steven Y. Cen, Suhn K. Rhie, Kimberly Siegmund, Siamak Daneshmand, David I. Quinn, Joshua J Meeks, Seth P. Lerner, Daniel P. Petrylak, David James McConkey, Thomas W. Flaig, Ian M Thompson, Amir Goldkorn
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2022)

4506 Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is the standard of care in muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients. However, treatment is intense, the overall benefit is small, and there is no established marker to identify patients who benefit most. The aim of the study is to characterize cell-free DNA (cfDNA) methylation from patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy in SWOG S1314, a prospective cooperative group trial, and to correlate the methylation signatures with pathologic response. Methods: Blood samples were collected prospectively from 73 patients before and during standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy. At radical cystectomy, pathologic response was documented. Plasma cfDNA was profiled using Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip array. Differential methylation between pathologic responders (≤pT1N0M0) and non-responders was analyzed, and a Random Forest model was used to generate a classifier predictive of treatment response. Results: Using pre-chemotherapy plasma cfDNA, we developed a methylation-based response score (mR-score) predictive of pathologic response. The mR-score also could be calculated using plasma samples collected after the first cycle of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, resulting in a similar predictive ability. Furthermore, we used cfDNA methylation data to calculate the circulating bladder DNA fraction, which had a modest but independent predictive ability for treatment response. When we combined the mR-score and circulating bladder DNA fraction, we successfully predicted pathologic response outcomes in 79% of patients based on their plasma collected before chemotherapy and after 1 cycle of chemotherapy. Conclusions: Our study provides proof of concept that cfDNA methylation may be used to predict treatment response in bladder cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Clinical trial information: NCT02177695.