tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effects of interventions on depression and anxiety in older people with physical health problems in the criminal justice system: a systematic review
Authors: Amanda E Perry, David Marshall, Thirimon Moe-Byrne, Sarah Knowles, Rachel Churchill, Melissa Harden, Steve Parrott, John Schofield, Kevin Williamson, Lisa Ashton
Journal: The Lancet Healthy Longevity (2023)

The demand for health care in older people involved in the criminal justice system is high. The prevalence of mental and physical health conditions for people living in prison is greater than in community populations. After systematically searching 21 databases, we found no targeted interventions to support depression or anxiety for this group of people. 24 studies (including interventions of yoga, creative-arts-based programmes, positive psychology, or mindfulness-based interventions and psychotherapy) did contain people older than 50 years, but this only represented a minority (10%) of the overall study population. No single study reported outcomes of physical health. Future interventions need to consider the needs and views of this vulnerable group. Specific gendered and coproduced interventions are required to enhance the implementation, feasibility, and acceptability of interventions that are delivered in prisons.
The effect of endoscopic gastric plication on portosystemic pressure gradient in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and compensated advanced chronic liver disease
Authors: Pichamol Jirapinyo, Christopher C. Thompson, Guadalupe Garcia-Tsao, Stephen D. Zucker, Marvin Ryou
Journal: Endoscopy (2023)

The goals of therapy for patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and compensated advanced chronic liver disease include weight loss and reduction of the portosystemic pressure gradient (PPG) to decrease the risk of hepatic decompensation. Endoscopic gastric plication (EGP) is an effective endoscopic weight loss procedure. This study aimed to assess the effect of EGP on PPG. In this prospective pilot study, patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and compensated advanced chronic liver disease underwent endoscopic ultrasound-guided PPG measurement prior to and at 6 months following EGP. Primary outcomes were the change in PPG and proportion of patients experiencing ≥ 20 % reduction in PPG at 6 months. Secondary outcomes included percent total weight loss (TWL) and changes in noninvasive tests of fibrosis. 20 patients were included. Baseline median body mass index and liver stiffness measurement were 40.2 kg/m2 (range 30.1-56.7) and 14.7 kPa (range 8.2-36), respectively. At 6 months, median PPG decreased from 5.4 mmHg (range 0.7-19.6) to 1.8 mmHg (range 0.4-17.6) (P = 0.002), with 79 % (11/14) experiencing ≥ 20 % reduction. Patients experienced 12.5 % (6.5 %-26.1 %) TWL (P < 0.001) at 6 months, with 89 % (17/19) achieving ≥ 7 % and 68 % (13/19) achieving ≥ 10 % TWL. There were significant improvements in noninvasive tests of fibrosis. EGP appeared to be effective at reducing PPG in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and compensated advanced chronic liver disease.
Prevalence of Use of Potentially Inappropriate Medications Among Older Adults Worldwide
Authors: Fangyuan Tian, Zhaoyan Chen, Ya Zeng, Qiyi Feng, Xi Chen
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Importance The use of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) is widespread yet continues to receive little attention in outpatient services. Objective To estimate the overall prevalence of PIM use in outpatient services. Data Sources PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched to identify relevant studies published from January 1, 1990, to November 21, 2022. Study Selection Observational studies that reported the prevalence of PIM use among older patients in outpatient services were screened. Data Extraction and Synthesis Two reviewers independently selected eligible articles, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to pool the prevalence estimates. Main Outcomes and Measures The global patterns in the prevalence of PIM use among older patients in outpatient services were estimated, and the temporal trends and regional differences in PIM use were investigated. Results A total of 94 articles with 132 prevalence estimates were analyzed, including nearly 371.2 million older participants from 17 countries. Overall, the pooled prevalence of PIM use was 36.7% (95% CI, 33.4%-40.0%). Africa had the highest prevalence of PIM use (47.0%; 95% CI, 34.7%-59.4%), followed by South America (46.9%; 95% CI, 35.1%-58.9%), Asia (37.2%; 95% CI, 32.4%-42.2%), Europe (35.0%; 95% CI, 28.5%-41.8%), North America (29.0%; 95% CI, 22.1%-36.3%), and Oceania (23.6%; 95% CI, 18.8%-28.8%). In addition, the prevalence of PIM use is highest in low-income areas. Use of PIMs among older patients has become increasingly prevalent in the past 2 decades. Conclusions and Relevance This study of patterns of PIM use by different groups, such as geographic regions and World Bank countries, suggests noticeable geographic environment and economic income differences in the burden of PIMs in outpatient services. Furthermore, the high prevalence trend in the past 2 decades indicates that the global burden of PIM use continues to be worthy of attention.
Time-Dependent Changes in Risk of Progression During Use of Bevacizumab for Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Shiro Takamatsu, Hidekatsu Nakai, Ken Yamaguchi, Junzo Hamanishi, Masaki Mandai, Noriomi Matsumura
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Although bevacizumab has been used in the treatment of ovarian cancer, its optimal use is unknown.To investigate time-dependent changes in the outcomes of bevacizumab therapy.This cohort study was conducted using published data from 7 previous randomized phase 3 clinical trials with bevacizumab (ICON7, GOG-0218, BOOST, GOG-0213, OCEANS, AURERIA, and MITO16B) from January 10 to January 31, 2023. From 2 ancillary analyses of the ICON7 trial with individual patient data and tumor gene expression profiles, an ICON7-A cohort was generated comprising 745 cases. From other studies, published Kaplan-Meier curves were graphically analyzed.Bevacizumab treatment vs placebo or no treatment.Restricted mean survival time and relative risk of progression at a given time point between bevacizumab treatment and control groups.In the ICON7-A cohort (n = 745), restricted mean survival analysis showed that bevacizumab treatment (n = 384) had significantly better progression-free survival (PFS) than the control (n = 361) before bevacizumab discontinuation (restricted mean survival time ratio, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.05-1.11; P < .001), but had significantly worse PFS after bevacizumab discontinuation (0.79; 95% CI, 0.69-0.90; P < .001), showing rebound. In a post hoc analysis, the rebound was similarly observed both in homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) (before, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.02-1.09; P < .001; after, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.63-0.98; P = .04) and non-HRD tumors (before, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.03-1.15; P < .001; after, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.56-0.90; P < .001) of the serous subtype, but not in the nonserous subtype (before, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.05-1.18; P < .001; after, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.78-1.15; P = .57). In Kaplan-Meier curve image-based analysis, the trend of rebound effect was consistently observed in the overall ICON7 and GOG-0218 cohorts and their subgroups stratified by prognostic factors, homologous recombination-associated mutations, and chemotherapy sensitivity. In contrast, no such trend was observed in the studies GOG-0213, OCEANS, AURERIA, and MITO16B, in which patients who experienced relapse received bevacizumab until progression.In ovarian cancer, bevacizumab may reduce progression for approximately 1 year after initiation, but discontinuation may increase subsequent progression in the serous subtype regardless of HRD status. The results suggest that in the first-line treatment, bevacizumab may be more beneficial in patients with a shorter prognosis who are less likely to experience the rebound outcome.
High Traffic—The Quest for a Reliable Test of Cannabis Impairment
Authors: Johannes G. Ramaekers, Frederick Vinckenbosch, Jodi M. Gilman
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Understanding Preserved Ratio Impaired Spirometry in Multiple Dimensions: Concerns over Restrictive Preserved Ratio Impaired Spirometry
Authors: Xian Wen Sun, Li Yue Zhang, Qing Yun Li
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2023)

"Understanding Preserved Ratio Impaired Spirometry in Multi-Dimension: The Restrictive PRISm Concerns." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 0(ja), pp.
Pediatricians’ Advice Is Major Factor in Early Peanut Introduction
Authors: Emily Harris
Journal: JAMA (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Perinatal Depression Screening Among Sexual Minority Women
Authors: Leiszle Lapping-Carr, Ashley Dennard, Katherine L. Wisner, S. Darius Tandon
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2023)

A substantial number of births in the US are to sexual minority women (17% based on a nationally representative survey), yet there is little research on perinatal depression screening rates or symptom endorsement among sexual minority women (including women who identify as lesbian, bisexual, queer, pansexual, asexual, demisexual, and kinky as well as other-identified women who have sex with women). High rates of risk factors for perinatal depression (eg, intimate partner violence and history of mental illness) among sexual minority individuals magnify this gap in the literature.
Modeling the Maturation of the Vocal Fold Lamina Propria Using a Bioorthogonally Tunable Hydrogel Platform
Authors: Xiaoyu Zou, He Zhang, Jamie M. Benson, Hanyuan Gao, David L. Burris, Joseph. M. Fox, Xinqiao Jia
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Toward the goal of establishing an engineered model of the vocal fold lamina propria (LP), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are encapsulated in hyaluronic acid (HA)-based hydrogels employing tetrazine ligation with strained alkenes. To mimic matrix stiffening during LP maturation, diffusion-controlled interfacial bioorthogonal crosslinking is carried out on the soft cellular construct using HA modified with a ferocious dienophile, trans-cyclooctene (TCO). Cultures are maintained in MSC growth media for 14 days to afford a model of a newborn LP that is homogeneously soft (nLP), a homogeneously stiffened construct zero (sLP0) or 7 days (sLP7) post cell encapsulation, and a mature LP model (mLP) with a stiff top layer and a soft bottom layer. Installation of additional HA crosslinks restricts cell spreading. Compared to the nLP controls, sLP7 conditions upregulate the expression of fibrous matrix proteins (Col I, DCN, and FN EDA), classic fibroblastic markers (TNC, FAP, and FSP1), and matrix remodeling enzymes (MMP2, TIMP1, and HAS3). Day 7 stiffening also upregulates the catabolic activities, enhances ECM turnover, and promotes YAP expression. Overall, in situ delayed matrix stiffening promotes a fibroblast transition from MSCs and enhances YAP-regulated mechanosensing.
Systematic Identification of Copositivity Groups in Standard Series Patch Testing Through Hierarchical Clustering
Authors: Yul W. Yang, James A. Yiannias, Molly M. Voss, Matthew R. Hall, Molly J. Youssef, Mark D. P. Davis, Dayne H. Voelker, Molly C. Klanderman, Aaron R. Mangold
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2023)

Patients are frequently copositive for multiple allergens simultaneously, either due to chemical similarity or simultaneous sensitization. A better understanding of copositivity groups would help guide contact avoidance.
Health Consequences of Thymus Removal in Adults
Authors: Kameron A. Kooshesh, Brody H. Foy, David B. Sykes, Karin Gustafsson, David T. Scadden
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2023)

The function of the thymus in human adults is unclear, and routine removal of the thymus is performed in a variety of surgical procedures. We hypothesized that the adult thymus is needed to sustain immune competence and overall health.
Study: Identifying Lewy Body Disease Before Symptoms
Authors: Emily Harris
Journal: JAMA (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Thymus — Not a Graveyard after All, Even in Adults?
Authors: Naomi Taylor
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2023)

The thymus, credited as being the "seat of the soul" by Galen of Pergamon almost 2000 years ago, was later considered to be a "graveyard" for dying cells and was deemed to be "an evolutionary accident of no very great significance" by Nobelist Sir Peter Medawar in 1961.1 However, in that same year, Jacques Miller discovered that the thymus "regulates lymphocyte production" and thus plays a "very important part in the development of immunological response."2 Since that time, more than 50,000 thymus-focused articles have been published that show the critical role of the thymus in the differentiation and function of . . .
Selective Inhibition of Na <sub>V</sub> 1.8 with VX-548 for Acute Pain
Authors: Jim Jones, Darin J. Correll, Sandra M. Lechner, Ina Jazic, Xiaopeng Miao, David Shaw, Christopher Simard, Jeremiah D. Osteen, Brian Hare, Alina Beaton, Todd Bertoch, Asokumar Buvanendran, Ashraf S. Habib, Lois J. Pizzi, Richard A. Pollak, Scott G. Weiner, Carmen Bozic, Paul Negulescu, Paul F. White
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2023)

The NaV1.8 voltage-gated sodium channel, expressed in peripheral nociceptive neurons, plays a role in transmitting nociceptive signals. The effect of VX-548, an oral, highly selective inhibitor of NaV1.8, on control of acute pain is being studied.
Trials for Managing Acute Pain — A Clinically Meaningful Small Effect Size?
Authors: Mark S. Wallace
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2023)

The use of opioid medications for pain management after surgery is a leading antecedent to persistent opioid use.1 The negative effects of these agents underscore the need for more nonopioid alternatives to treat postoperative pain; however, years of research and attempts to bring alternative agents to market have failed. Sodium channels, which are essential to depolarization and propagation of sensory information in neurons and axons, are a logical target for pain reduction. Attempts to use systemic nonselective sodium channel blockers have not succeeded because of dose-limiting side effects. Now, years of research on sodium channel blockers that are specific to . . .
Role of aldosterone in mid‐ and long‐term left ventricular remodelling after acute myocardial infarction: The <scp>REMI</scp> study
Authors: Luca Monzo, Olivier Huttin, João Pedro Ferreira, Zohra Lamiral, Erwan Bozec, Marine Beaumont, Emilien Micard, Guillaume Baudry, Pierre‐Yves Marie, Romain Eschalier, Patrick Rossignol, Faiez Zannad, Nicolas Girerd
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2023)

Whether aldosterone levels after myocardial infarction (MI) are associated with mid- and long-term left ventricular (LV) remodelling in the era of systematic use of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors is uncertain. We prospectively investigated the relationship between aldosterone levels and mid- and long-term LV remodelling in patients with acute MI.Plasma aldosterone was measured in 119 patients successfully treated by primary percutaneous coronary angioplasty for a first acute ST-elevation MI (STEMI) 2-4 days after the acute event. LV volumes were assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) in the same timeframe and 6 months later. LV assessment was repeated by TTE 3-9 years after MI (n = 80). The median aldosterone level at baseline was 23.1 [16.8; 33.1] pg/ml. In the multivariable model, higher post-MI aldosterone concentration was significantly associated with more pronounced increase in LV end-diastolic volume index (TTE: β ± standard error [SE]: 0.113 ± 0.046, p = 0.015; CMR: β ± SE: 0.098 ± 0.040, p = 0.015) and LV end-systolic volume index (TTE: β ± SE: 0.083 ± 0.030, p = 0.008; CMR: β ± SE: 0.064 ± 0.032, p = 0.048) at 6-month follow-up, regardless of the method of assessment. This result was consistent also in patients with a LV ejection fraction (LVEF) >40%. The association between baseline plasma aldosterone and adverse LV remodelling did not persist at the 3-9-year follow-up evaluation.Aldosterone concentration in the acute phase was associated with adverse LV remodelling in the medium term, even in the subgroup of patients with LVEF >40%, suggesting a potential role of the mineralocorticoid system in post-MI adverse remodelling. Plasma aldosterone was no longer associated with LV remodelling in the long term (NCT01109225).
Moderate-Intensity Statin With Ezetimibe Combination Therapy vs High-Intensity Statin Monotherapy in Patients at Very High Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Seung-Jun Lee, Jung-Joon Cha, Woong Gil Choi, Wang-Soo Lee, Jin-Ok Jeong, Seonghoon Choi, Yoon-Haeng Cho, Woojung Park, Chang-Hwan Yoon, Yong-Joon Lee, Sung-Jin Hong, Chul-Min Ahn, Byeong-Keuk Kim, Young-Guk Ko, Donghoon Choi, Myeong-Ki Hong, Yangsoo Jang, Soon Jun Hong, Jung-Sun Kim, Kyeong Ho Yun, Bum-Kee Hong, Jung Ho Heo, Won Young Jang, Won-Yong Shin, Sang Wook Im, Woong Chol Kang, Young Hoon Jung, Yongwhi Park, Sung Yoon Lee, Seung Ho Hur, Hyun Hee Choi, Kyoung Jin Kim, Ju Han Kim, Hyun Kuk Kim, Jung Hee Lee, Ung Kim, Yu-Jung Choi, Seung-Woon Rha, Yun-Hyeong Cho
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2023)

High-intensity statin is strongly recommended in patients at very high risk (VHR) of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). However, concerns about statin-associated adverse effects result in underuse of this strategy in practice.
Higher Levels of Omega-3 Fatty Acids Linked to Improved Lung Health
Authors: Emily Harris
Journal: JAMA (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abdominal Pain After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass
Authors: Brian T. Fry, Jonathan F. Finks
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2023)

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) remains one of the most commonly performed operations for morbid obesity and is associated with significant long-term weight loss and comorbidity remission. However, health care utilization rates following RYGB are high and abdominal pain is reported as the most common presenting symptom for those seeking care.Given the limitations of physical examination in patients with obesity, correct diagnosis of abdominal pain following RYGB depends on a careful history and appropriate use of radiologic, laboratory and endoscopic studies, as well as a clear understanding of post-RYGB anatomy. The most common etiologies of abdominal pain after RYGB are internal hernia, marginal ulcer, biliary disease (eg, cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis), and jejunojejunal anastomotic issues. Early identification of the etiology of the pain is essential, as some causes, such as internal hernia or perforated gastrojejunal ulcer, may require urgent or emergent intervention to avoid significant morbidity. While laboratory findings and imaging may prove useful, they remain imperfect, and clinical judgment should always be used to determine if surgical exploration is warranted.The etiologies of abdominal pain after RYGB range from the relatively benign to potentially life-threatening. This Review highlights the importance of understanding key anatomical and technical aspects of RYGB to guide appropriate workup, diagnosis, and treatment.