tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Multiple Dietary Factors in the Enhancement of Dimethylhydrazine Carcinogenesis: Main Effect of Indole-3-carbinol&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Barbara C. Pence, Fred Buddingh, Shiang P. Yang
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1986)

The effects of multiple dietary influences on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine [(DMH) CAS: 540-73-8]-induced colon cancer in rats were studied. A 24 factorial experimental design was used to examine the main and interactive effects of 15% wheat bran (WB), 1% cholesterol (CH) with cholic acid, 20% beef tallow (BT), and 0.1% indole-3-carbinol (IC) on 160 male F344 rats treated ip with DMH (10 mg/kg) weekly for 16 weeks. The test diets were fed for 3 weeks before, 16 weeks during, and 12 weeks after DMH administration. At necropsy, total weight gain, liver and spleen weights, serum CH levels, liver aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) activity, and the size, number, incidence, and location of intestinal tumors were analyzed for dietary factor effects. The most significant inducer of tumors was the combination of CH+BT+IC acting in synergism. The single main effect most responsible for tumor morbidity was IC, which appeared to enhance tumorigenesis via its role as an inducer of AHH activity. The WB decreased tumor incidence and burden when added to diets also containing CH, but it otherwise increased tumor burden per tumor-bearing animal and incidence in all other diets. This study demonstrated the need for examining synergistic and antagonistic interactions among dietary initiators and/or promoters of colon carcinogenesis, as well as implicating IC as a significant factor in the development of DMH-induced tumors in rats.
A Review of the Medical Standards for Civilian Airmen
Authors: Alan L. Engelberg
Journal: JAMA (1986)

This article summarizes the report of a comprehensive review by the American Medical Association (AMA) of the medical standards for civilian airmen. The present standards were promulgated by the Federal Aviation Administration in 1959; the alcoholism and cardiovascular standards were revised in 1982. The AMA report recommends new or revised standards for cardiovascular, mental and behavioral, visual, endocrine, respiratory, hematological, hearing and equilibrium, musculoskeletal, and nervous system disorders. It also provides guidance for the medical certification of airmen with conditions not covered specifically by the standards and recommends a new medical history and examination form for use by aviation medical examiners. Risk factors for the development of sudden incapacitating disease, such as coronary heart disease and stroke, receive special attention. Final standards will be developed by the Federal Aviation Administration. (<i>JAMA</i>1986;255:1589-1599)
Radiation-Induced or Metastatic Brachial Plexopathy?
Authors: Juergen E. Thomas
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Fourteen patients with presumed radiation plexopathy and 11 patients with metastatic involvement of the brachial plexus were studied. In both groups, plexopathy began after a mean interval of six years, the initial symptom usually being sensory. Almost half the patients with radiation damage had no significant pain; metastatic plexopathy characteristically was very painful. Plexus disease was progressive for an average of nine years in the radiation group, but metastatic plexopathy also sometimes progressed for years without distant metastasis. Sensation, muscle power, and stretch reflexes were affected similarly in both groups. All patients with radiation damage were alive as of this study; almost all with metastatic plexopathy were dead. No single clinical symptom or sign permitted distinction between the two groups.
Sudden Sniffing Death
Authors: Millard Bass
Journal: JAMA (1970)

An epidemic of 110 sudden sniffing deaths without plastic bag suffocation which occurred in American youths during the 1960's, appears to have originated on the West Coast. The incidence rate showed a sharp rise during the late 1960's. Volatile hydrocarbons most frequently involved were trichloroethane and fluorinated refrigerants. Sudden sniffing death occurred in all socioeconomic groups, with a preponderance in the suburban middle-income white family. Severe cardiac arrhythmia, resulting from light plane anesthesia, and intensified by hypercapnia or stress or activity or a combination of these, is the most likely explanation for sniffing death.
Clinical Investigation
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

Version en español Clinical investigation, undoubtedly achieved following bioethical and biosecurity rules, initially appears relevant for creating, socializing and applying valid and reliable knowledge about diagnosis and treatment of different diseases.Likewise, it improves the corresponding practice and provides consistent background to it, facilitating the adoption of appropriate decisions and contributing to the design of based politics related with the healthcare system.Consequently, it finally improves public health 1 .Such benefits increase if the improvement of healthcare quality in patients and the systematic development of specific competences (knowledge, attitudes, habits, values, and cognitive and communicational skills) as well as working satisfaction and selfesteem augmentation in researchers are taken into account 2 .However, the appraisal of its impact offers aspects to be considered starting from the own definition of impact and the available
Highlights of This Issue
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2014)

In clinical studies, the MET, VEGFR2, and RET inhibitor cabozantinib induced marked responses based on bone scans of men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.Dai and colleagues explored the mechanisms underlying cabozantinib's effects on prostate cancer bone metastases utilizing a combination of in vitro studies and in vivo murine models.Cabozantinib exhibited both direct antitumor effects as well as a unique impact on important components of the bone microenvironment: osteoblasts and osteoclasts.These results indicate that simultaneously targeting the tumor and both key cell types in the bone microenvironment can have an important therapeutic impact on prostate cancer bone metastases.
Variations in the Prevalence of Spondylolysis in Early British Populations
Authors: H A Waldron
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1991)

Crude prevalence rates of spondylolysis were estimated in skeletal populations from various periods. There was a steady increase in prevalence from 3.74% in Romano-British to 5.08% in medieval populations, but the rate fell considerably to 1.42% in a population from an 18th/19th century context. This trend was not statistically significant, however. The male/female ratio was approximately unity until the 18th/19th century when the expected male excess appeared. The lesions predominantly affected L5 and all were isthmic in type. Of the total of 52 cases, only four were unilateral. One occurred in the fourth cervical vertebra. There were few complications; spondylolisthesis was noted in four cases and in three there were osteoarthritic changes on the superior margin of the displaced lamina.
Diseases of the Chest and the Principles of Physical Diagnosis.
Journal: JAMA (1929)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Virological screening for herpes simplex virus during pregnancy
Authors: P D Woolley, C A Bowman, D A Hicks, G R Kinghorn
Journal: BMJ (1988)

treatment, compared with five (29%) patients who used alcohol moderately or not at all (X2=l8-09, df=l, p<OOOl).Two of the five moderate drinkers whG, continued to have attacks of gout had raised y-glutamyltransferase activity (71 and 141 U/I; normal range <36).
An Introduction to Physical Methods of Treatment in Psychiatry.
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Awards, Appointments, Announcements
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1995)

Awards, Appointments, Announcements JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 87, Issue 23, 6 December 1995, Pages 1744–1746, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/87.23.1744 Published: 06 December 1995
Die Biologie der Person: Ein Handbuch der allgemeinen und speziellen Konstitutionslehre.
Journal: JAMA (1931)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Care of the Psychiatric Patient in General Hospitals
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Letter: Cancer and the patient.
Authors: E L Lloyd
Journal: BMJ (1973)

Reorganization of Health Services and the N.H.S. Number SIR,-At a time of reorganization of the National Health Services it would seem ex- pedient to examine the benefits of restruc- turing the N.H.S. number.That number provides unique and p_rmanent identiiication of all individuals in the country, and in- cre-asing use is being made of it in medical record lnkage.'However, it is exceptionally cumbersome to use because of its length and the variability of its format.2Individuals sel- dom know their own numbers, and the
Laboratory Medicine: A Guide for Students and Practitioners
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Highlights from Recent Cancer Literature
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

The BRAF V600E mutation is observed in half of metastatic melanoma cases and marks initial response to targeted RAF inhibitors, with most tumors eventually developing resistance.To address mechanisms of resistance, Van Allen and colleagues performed whole-exome sequencing on 45 primary metastatic melanomas and also examined matched tumors that recurred after treatment with vemurafenib or dabrafenib.Among the 45 cases, 14 showed early resistance and 31 showed delayed resistance.Resistant tumors showed mutations in NRAS, amplification of BRAF, and mutations in MAP2K1, with 20 of 45 cases involving the MAP kinase pathway.Four mutations were identified in MAP2K2, which drove resistance to both RAF and MEK inhibitors.An additional mechanism of resistance was amplification of the melanocyte master regulator MITF, a known driver of resistance.Interestingly, three cases showed multiple independent resistance mechanisms within the same resistant tumor biopsy.Three of the 14 cases that showed initial resistance to RAF inhibition showed mutation in RAC1 (RAC1 P29S ) and one in HOXD8.Although the functional significance of these mutations was not established, they may play a role in initial resistance to RAF inhibition.Overall, this work demonstrates the promise of serial tumor biopsies coupled with unbiased genetic characterization to reveal a spectrum of genetic lesions that lead to therapy resistance in melanoma.(
beta Blockade after myocardial infarction
Authors: S. L Nuttall
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Management of hypertension Ideal body weight is not realistic goal for lifestyle interventionEditor-Ramsay et al have produced a clear and authoritative document with their recent guidelines for the treatment of hypertension. 1 The section on lifestyle modification, however, includes the statement that weight loss to achieve an ideal body weight will lower blood pressure.Although this is undoubtedly true, it undermines most recent guidelines that recognise the practical near impossibility of achieving ideal body weight in most obese subjects [2][3][4] and evidence that suggests that more modest (and achievable) reductions in weight of 5-10% of body weight can be effective at lowering systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the range of 4-7 and 3-6 mm Hg respectively. 5It should be made explicit in the guidelines that this degree of weight loss is likely to be beneficial in reducing cardiovascular risk, rather than perpetuating the myth that "ideal" body weight is a realistic goal of lifestyle modification in overweight and obese subjects.
Nuclear Cardiology in the Investigation of Chronic Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Myron C. Gerson
Journal: JAMA (1983)

NUCLEAR cardiology offers the clinician several noninvasive methods to aid in the diagnosis and management of chronic coronary artery disease (CAD). Applications of nuclear cardiology in the exercise laboratory can be classified into two broad categories: (1) studies to predict the presence or absence of angiographically important CAD and (2) studies to quantitate the anatomical extent or functional importance of CAD. At present, evidence of ischemia related to functionally important CAD is commonly demonstrated in the nuclear cardiology laboratory in the form of exercise-induced, abnormal myocardial perfusion demonstrated by intravenous administration of thallium chloride Tl 201 or in the form of exercise-induced, abnormal left ventricular contraction demonstrated by technetium blood-pool imaging. Intervention with various pharmacologic agents, isometric exercise, rapid atrial pacing, and stimulation with cold represent alternate methods for evaluation of cardiac perfusion and function in patients who are unable to undergo vigorous dynamic stress. <h3>COMPARATIVE SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY OF</h3>
Legislative Action on Tobacco and Smoking
Authors: Orrin G. Hatch
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I would like to commend you for dedicating your Feb 28 issue to the subject of tobacco abuse. Over the last several years, Congress has considered a large number of bills introduced to curtail voluntarily the use of tobacco. In 1982, I introduced legislation to amend the Federal Cigarette Labeling and Advertising Act of 1965, replacing the old warning with four stronger health warnings. After three years of intensive legislative activity, a series of hearings, executive sessions, and floor debate in both the House and Senate, this legislation was unanimously approved by Congress and signed into law. This year, Senator Richard Lugar and I introduced legislation that places three strong health warnings on smokeless tobacco products along with regulating advertising. This legislation was approved by Congress a few weeks ago and only recently signed into law by the President. In addition, the 16-cent tax on cigarettes, which
Heart Disease, Its Diagnosis and Treatment.
Authors: Pharmacology By, Michael Mulinos
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1956)

At one time the organic basis for a patient's symptoms could be established only at the post-mortem examination.The trend in modern medicine and surgery, however, is to study the living patient more and more intensely in order to understand not only his symptoms but the way in which normal physiological and biochemical processes have broken down, for disease is coming increasingly to be thought of as a disordered physiology in which the compensatory mech- anisms have been overstrained."Chapters II to VIII describe the essential present-day information concerning the basic chemical structure of the body: Carbohydrates, lipids, the proteins, nucleic acids and nucleoproteins, enzymes, water, and minerals.Chapters IX to XXI, XXV, and XXXII to XXXIV, inclusive are devoted to foods and vitamins, transport, digestion, absorption and metabolism of foods and respiration and biological oxidations and reductions.The remaining portions of the book are devoted to circulation, excretion, locomotion, sensation and reflex centers, functions of different parts of the central and autonomic nervous systems, the endocrine glands, reproduction, heredity, growth and senility.The text is profusely illustrated with tables, charts, drawings, photographs and photomicrographs.It is remarkable how much important information is to be found in this relatively small volume and how successfully the material has been organized and presented, not only for teaching those whao approach the subject for the first time, but also for those who would use the book for reference.It is well indexed.
Handbuch der pathogenen Mikroorganismen.
Journal: JAMA (1930)

The spirochetes of the relapsing fevers are dealt with in a thorough and systematic way by Mühlens of Hamburg, one of the leading authorities on this group. Nine different types of spirochetes associated with relapsing fevers in different parts of the world are recognized, but the author wisely makes the reservation that it is for the future to determine whether this is too many or too few. The generic name<i>Spirochaeta</i>is used, as by most German writers, instead of the name<i>Treponema</i>preferred by Noguchi and many others. The somewhat lavish use of boldface type in this article makes it easier for the reader to find the topic he wants than is the case in many other divisions of the Handbuch.