tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and endothelial cells (CECs) in the diagnosis of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM): A single-institutional prospective study.
Authors: K. Yoneda, F. Tanaka, M. Hashimoto, S. Matsumoto, N. Kondo, S. Hasegawa, T. Tsujimura, K. Fukuoka, T. Nakano
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e18024 Background: Circulating tumor cell (CTC), a surrogate of distant metastasis, and circulating endothelia cell (CEC), a surrogate of angiogenesis, are potentially useful in the diagnosis of malignant tumors, but clinical significance of CTC/CEC in the diagnosis of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) remains unknown. Methods: We conducted a single institutional prospective study to evaluate the diagnostic performance of CTC/CEC, and patients who presented with suspicion or diagnosis of MPM were eligible. CTC/CEC in peripheral blood (7.5 mL/4.0 mL, respectively) were captured and quantitatively evaluated with the “CellSearch” system without knowledge of clinical characteristics of each case. Results: Among 114 eligible cases, 92 were finally diagnosed as having MPM and 22 as nonmalignant diseases (NM). CTC was positive (CTC-count, one or more) in 38% of MPM cases, and was also positive in 14% of NM cases. CTC-count was significantly higher in MPM (range, 0-27) than in NM (range, 0-1), but a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis failed to show a significant diagnostic performance of the CTC-test in discrimination between MPM and NM. CEC-count was significantly higher in MPM than in NM, and also provide a significant diagnostic value in discrimination between MPM and NM with the AUC-ROC of 0.782 (p<0.01). In addition, metastatic MPM cases showed a significantly higher mean CEC-count than nonmetastatic MPM cases (117 vs. 67, p<0.05). Conclusions: CTC/CEC are potentially useful clinical markers in the diagnosis of MPM, and the clinical value should be validated in future clinical trials. This study was supported by “The Special Coordination Funds for Promoting Science and Technology from the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology.” MPM Nonmalignant No. of pts n = 92 n = 22 CTC count (/7.5 mL) ~0 (negative) n = 57 (62%) n = 19 (86%) 1 n = 22 (24%) n = 3 (14%) p = 0.037 2 or more n = 13 (14%) - AUC-ROC = 0.541 (0.415-0.666; p = 0.556) CEC count (/4.0 mL)(mean) 91 53 p = 0.031 AUC-ROC = 0.782(0.675-0.888; p < 0.01) No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Acute renal tubular necrosis. A complication of pulmonary thromboembolism
Authors: W. P. McKeever
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Acute renal tubular necrosis occurred in this 19-year-old white female after severe hypotension developed as the result of massive pulmonary emboli and failure of the right side of the heart. This previously healthy young girl was 19 days into her first cycle of an oral estrogen-progestogen agent. Upon admission to the hospital she was in critical condition, and 4 hours after admission cardiopulmonary resuscitation was necessary. 34 days after admission she developed ventricular tachycardia during a cardiac catheterization. Hemodialyses were instituted twice, with ventricular fibrillation occurring during the first procedure, which required cardiac defibrillation. Hemiparesis of the left side developed after this episode. She was discharged after 58 days with some left-sided weakness. After 9 months the pulmonary lesions had cleared and her electrocardiogram was normal.
Nasal mupirocin prevents Staphylococcus aureus exit-site infection during peritoneal dialysis. Mupirocin Study Group.
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1996)

A total of 1144 patients receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis in nine European centers was screened for nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus. Two hundred sixty-seven subjects were defined as carriers of S. aureus by having had at least two positive swab results from samples taken on separate occasions, and were randomly allocated to treatment or control groups. Members of each group used a nasal ointment twice daily for 5 consecutive days every 4 wk. The treatment group used calcium mupirocin 2% (Bactroban nasal; SmithKline Beecham, Welwyn Garden City, United Kingdom) and the control group used placebo ointment. Patients were followed-up for a maximum period of 18 months. There were 134 individuals in the mupirocin group, and 133 individuals acted as control subjects. There were no differences in demographic data, cause of renal failure, type of catheter, system used, or method of exit-site care between the groups. Similarly, there were no differences in patient outcome or incidence of adverse events between both groups. Nasal carriage fell to 10% in those subjects who received active treatment and 48% in those who used the placebo ointment. There were 55 exit-site infections in 1236 patient-months in the control group and 33 in 1390 patient-months in the treatment group (not significant). S. aureus caused 14 episodes of exit-site infection in the mupirocin group and 44 in the control group (P = 0.006, mixed effects Poisson regression model). There were no differences in the rate of tunnel infection or peritonitis. There was no evidence of a progressive increase in resistance to mupirocin with time. Regular use of nasal mupirocin in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients who are nasal carriers of S. aureus significantly reduces the rate of exit-site infections that occurs because of this organism.
Peripheral Vascular Diseases
Authors: Robert R. Linton
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

Diseases of the VeinsVaricose VeinsThe surgical treatment of varicose veins has generally returned to a radical stripping procedure to remove the long saphenous vein from the groin to the internal malleolus, and the short saphenous vein, when it is involved, from the popliteal space to the external malleolus. Lofgren et al.,155 in 1958, reported 140 limbs examined five years after high ligation and found 40 per cent with excellent results and 55 per cent with poor results, whereas in 128 limbs examined five years or more after a complete stripping procedure, there were excellent results in 94 per . . .
174PD A randomized phase III trial of capecitabine with or without irinotecan driven by UGT1A1 in neoadjuvant chemoradiation of locally advanced rectal cancer (CinClare)
Authors: T. Zhang, J. Zhu, J.Y. Chen, Y. Zhu, J. Zhou, Y. Zhu, J.H. Jia, C. Zhang, X. Wang, Y.H. Gao, G. Cai, A. Liu, B. Xu, Z. Zhang
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
Lack of association between cholesterol and coronary heart disease mortality and morbidity and all-cause mortality in persons older than 70 years
Authors: H. M. Krumholz
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>Objectives.</h3> —To determine whether elevated serum cholesterol level is associated with all-cause mortality, mortality from coronary heart disease, or hospitalization for acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina in persons older than 70 years. Also, to evaluate the association between low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and elevated ratio of serum cholesterol to HDL-C with these outcomes. <h3>Design.</h3> —Prospective, community-based cohort study with yearly interviews. <h3>Participants.</h3> —A total of 997 subjects who were interviewed in 1988 as part of the New Haven, Conn, cohort of the Established Population for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly (EPESE) and consented to have blood drawn. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —The risk factor—adjusted odds ratios of the 4-year incidence of all-cause mortality, mortality from coronary heart disease, and hospitalization for myocardial infarction or unstable angina were calculated for the following: subjects with total serum cholesterol levels greater than or equal to 6.20 mmol/L (≥240 mg/dL) compared with subjects with cholesterol levels less than 5.20 mmol/L (&lt;200 mg/dL); subjects in the lowest tertile of HDL-C level compared with those in the highest tertile; and subjects in the highest tertile of the ratio of total serum cholesterol to HDL-C level compared with those in the lowest tertile. <h3>Results.</h3> —Elevated total serum cholesterol level, low HDL-C, and high total serum cholesterol to HDL-C ratio were not associated with a significantly higher rate of all-cause mortality, coronary heart disease mortality, or hospitalization for myocardial infarction or unstable angina after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors. The risk factor—adjusted odds ratio for all-cause mortality was 0.99 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.56 to 2.69) for the group who had cholesterol levels greater than or equal to 6.20 mmol/L (≥240 mg/dL) compared with the group that had levels less than 5.20 mmol/L (&lt;200 mg/dL); 1.00 (95% CI, 0.59 to 1.70) for the group in the lowest tertile of HDL-C compared with those in the highest tertile; and 1.03 (95% CI, 0.62 to 1.71) for subjects in the highest tertile of the ratio of total serum cholesterol to HDL-C compared with those in the lowest tertile. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Our findings do not support the hypothesis that hypercholesterolemia or low HDL-C are important risk factors for all-cause mortality, coronary heart disease mortality, or hospitalization for myocardial infarction or unstable angina in this cohort of persons older than 70 years. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1994;272:1335-1340)
MIGRAINE EQUIVALENTS
Authors: DAVID SLIGHT, D. A. R. MORRISON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1940)

1. The importance of migraine equivalents has been indicated with regard to problems of diagnosis in medicine and to the understanding of the nature of migraine. 2. Equivalents may replace migraine entirely and be episodic or continued in form, or may alternate with migraine attacks in episodic form. 3. In a series of 169 migrainous patients, equivalents occurred in 30.8 per cent over the period of observation. 4. The equivalents lend support to the theory that migraine is the result of an imbalance between processes of excitation and capacities for external "discharge." Whereas the former is dependent on constitutional factors, the latter is determined largely by factors of training and experience affecting the organization of the nervous system. 5. Equivalents occur in migraine in relation to alterations in intensity of the nervous processes involved, as dependent on external factors of stress or to changes in the affector-effector balance. 6. The specific form of some equivalents is presumably dependent on constitutional factors.
Venous thromboembolic events with chemotherapy plus bevacizumab: A pooled analysis of over 6,000 patients in randomized phase II and III studies.
Authors: J. Cassidy, L. Saltz, E. Van Cutsem, E. E. Hedrick, S. Lasserre, F. Sirzen, U. P. Rohr, H. Hurwitz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

3604 Background: Two published analyses of the relationship between bevacizumab treatment and venous thromboembolic events (VTEs) have provided conflicting results. This analysis compared VTE incidence in patients treated with chemotherapy plus bevacizumab vs. control in randomized studies. Methods: Individual patient data were collected for patients (n=6055) in ten studies. Patients with VTEs were identified from study databases. Absolute and exposure-adjusted VTE incidences were calculated by tumor type and for the overall pooled population. VTE data were analyzed using logistic and Poisson regressions. Results: Overall, 3448 patients received bevacizumab plus chemotherapy and 2607 received control (± placebo). There was no statistically significant increase in absolute or exposure-adjusted incidences of all-grade VTEs for bevacizumab vs. control in the overall population or by tumor type. The absolute incidence in the overall population was 10.9% with bevacizumab vs. 9.8% with control (odds ratio 1.1419; 95% CI, 0.96 to 1.35; p=0.1284); the rate per 100 patient-years was 18.5% for bevacizumab and 20.3% for control (rate ratio 0.9060; 95% CI, 0.77 to 1.06; p=0.2312). Absolute and exposure-adjusted incidences of grade 3-5 events were similar in both groups. There was no increase in absolute (0.3% in both groups) or exposure-adjusted (bevacizumab, 0.4%; control, 0.7%) incidences of VTEs resulting in death. Median time to first VTE was similar in both groups. Conclusions: In this large, retrospective, exploratory analysis of VTEs in patients with advanced cancer, the addition of bevacizumab to chemotherapy did not increase the risk of VTEs vs chemotherapy alone. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Roche, Genentech Alchemia, Amgen, Biothera, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Roche, Genentech, ImClone Systems, Lilly, Merck, Novartis, sanofi-aventis, Schering-Plough Roche Amgen, Bayer, Biothera, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Roche, Genentech, ImClone Systems, Lilly, Merck
Announcement
Authors: Hans Joergen Grabe, Stephan Ruhrmann, Susan Ettelt, Angela Müller, Friederike Buhtz, Kathrin Eymann Besken, Andrea Hochrein, Svenja Schulze-Rauschenbach, Klaus Meyer, Susanne Kraft, Claudia Reck, Ralf Pukrop, Joachim Klosterkötter, Peter Falkai, Wolfgang Maier, Michael Wagner, Ulrich John, Harald J. Freyberger, Judith Alder, Ulrike Armbruster, Anja Gairing, Anjeung Kang, Johannes Bitzer, W. de Vente, J.H. Kamphuis, P.M.G. Emmelkamp, Christina M. van der Feltz-Cornelis, Patricia van Oppen, Herman J. Adèr, Richard van Dyck, Russell Noyes, Scott Stuart, David B. Watson, Douglas R. Langbehn, Roberta Decio, Nicoletta Sonino, Francesco Fallo, Giovanni A. Fava, P. Bech, Bernhard T. Baune, Ina Adrian, Volker Arolt, Klaus Berger, David Servan-Schreiber, Jonathan Schooler, Mary Amanda Dew, Cameron Carter, Patricia Bartone
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2006)
A NEEDED PRESCRIPTION.
Journal: JAMA (1889)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Patient care and professional staffing patterns in McKinney Act clinics providing primary care to the homeless
Authors: B. H. Doblin
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To describe the patient care and staffing patterns of the 157 clinics that receive federal funding to provide health care to the homeless. <h3>Data Sources.</h3> —Telephone interviews with clinic medical directors. <h3>Results.</h3> —Clinics treated a mean of 96 homeless patients per week, approximately 50% of the estimated homeless population. Three quarters treated homeless patients only, the others integrated homeless patients into an existing setting. One third of the clinics had no physician more than 5 hours per week, 10% had no physician staff at all, and 80% employed a nurse practitioner. The proportion of patients initially examined by a nurse practitioner and the proportion subsequently referred to a physician ranged between 10% and 100% Clinic directors reported that in over 50% of clinics, physician recruitment was hampered by poor working conditions, inadequate salaries, physician biases against working with the homeless, and the lack of respect this work receives from the medical profession. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Current financial constraints may be impeding the ability of clinics serving the homeless to ensure adequate access to high quality care. Additional research should evaluate the impact various staffing patterns have on access and quality of care and develop methods to improve physician recruitment. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;267:698-701)
Nonsuppurative cholangitis is induced in neonatally thymectomized mice: A possible animal model for primary biliary cirrhosis
Authors: H Kobashi
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

Neonatally thymectomized mice are unique in that they are prone to organ-specific autoimmune diseases. We investigated whether autoimmune cholangitis could be induced in these mice when they were immunized with biliary antigens. Neonatally thymectomized A/J mice were immunized with porcine intrahepatic bile duct epithelial cells (group 1), porcine gallbladder epithelial cells (group 2), porcine splenocytes (group 3) or Freund's adjuvant (group 4). Nonthymectomized mice were immunized with bile duct epithelial cells (group 5) or Freund's adjuvant (group 6). The cell suspensions were injected intraperitoneally with Freund's adjuvant once a week for 8 wk. In group 1 varying amounts of mononuclear cells infiltrated around the bile duct in 14 of 22 mice, whereas little or no accumulation was noted in other groups. Ultrastructural observations revealed that the inflammatory cells consisted of lymphocytes, plasma cells and macrophages. The bile duct showed degenerative changes and some lymphocytes infiltrated between bile duct epithelial cells. An immunohistochemical study showed that the accumulated lymphocytes consisted of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, as well as B cells. Both major histocompatibility complex class I and class II antigens were expressed on bile duct epithelial cells. Antimitochondrial antibody was demonstrated in some mice in groups 1 (9 of 17), 2 (2 of 3) and 5 (4 of 5) by immunofluorescence; the antibody reacted with the 68, 52 and 47 kD polypeptides of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex on Western blotting. These findings suggest that autoimmune cholangitis can be induced in neonatally thymectomized mice stimulated with biliary antigens and that these mice could be a suitable animal model for primary biliary cirrhosis. (HEPATOLOGY 1994;19:1424–1430.)
Association Between Salicylates and Reye's Syndrome
Authors: H. Stander
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The report by Halpin et al inThe Journal(1982;248:687) presented conclusions on salicylate use in children with viral illnesses that are not founded on comprehensive appraisals of the "raw" data for potential biases—specifically protopathic and product confusion biases. With respect to protopathic bias, the Food and Drug Administration Reye's Syndrome (RS) Working Group, stated "the temporal relationship between the use of a drug and the occurrence of the event must be considered in order to eliminate the bias that may result in estimation of a measure of association," and "it was considered critical that the use of aspirin must have been before the onset of Reye's Syndrome to be considered true exposure" (unpublished data, May 1982). This principle, when violated, results in protopathic bias.<sup>1</sup> In this regard, of all recent RS surveys, only the second-year Ohio study by Halpin et al contains the critical data
Efficacy and safety of the anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody MK-3475 in 411 patients (pts) with melanoma (MEL).
Authors: Antoni Ribas, F. Stephen Hodi, Richard Kefford, Omid Hamid, Adil Daud, Jedd D. Wolchok, Wen-Jen Hwu, Tara C. Gangadhar, Amita Patnaik, Anthony M. Joshua, Peter Hersey, Jeffrey S. Weber, Roxana Stefania Dronca, Hassane M. Zarour, Kevin Gergich, Xiaoyun (Nicole) Li, Robert Iannone, Soonmo Peter Kang, Scot Ebbinghaus, Caroline Robert
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

LBA9000^ Background: The humanized monoclonal IgG4 anti-PD-1 antibody MK-3475 has demonstrated durable antitumor activity in MEL and NSCLC. We evaluated MK-3475 efficacy and safety in a pooled analysis of 411 MEL pts. Methods: A nonrandomized cohort of ipilimumab-naive (IPI-N) and IPI-treated (IPI-T) pts treated with MK-3475 10 mg/kg Q2W, 10 mg/kg Q3W, or 2 mg/kg Q3W and randomized cohorts of IPI-N and IPI-T pts treated with 2 Q3W or 10 Q3W were included. Response was assessed every 12 wk by RECIST 1.1 by independent central review and by immune-related response criteria (irRC) by investigator. Results: 162 pts were treated at 2 Q3W, 192 at 10 Q3W, and 57 at 10 Q2W. 190 pts were IPI-N and 221 were IPI-T. As of the 10/18/2013 cutoff, all pts had ≥6 mo follow-up and >75% had ≥9 mo follow-up. Among the 365 pts with measurable disease at baseline, ORR by RECIST was 40% (95% CI 32%-48%) in IPI-N and 28% (95% CI 22%-35%) in IPI-T pts. Responses were durable (88% ongoing at analysis). Median PFS by RECIST was 24 wk in IPI-N and 23 wk in IPI-T pts. Median OS was not reached, with 1-y OS of 71% in all pts. Benefit was observed by both RECIST and irRC at all doses and schedules in IPI-N and IPI-T pts (Table). MK-3475 demonstrated activity in all major subgroups irrespective of ECOG PS, LDH levels, BRAFmutation, M stage, and number and type of prior therapy. Overall, 12% of pts experienced drug-related grade 3/4 AEs and 4% discontinued due to a drug-related AE. There were no drug-related deaths. Conclusions: MK-3475 showed durable responses and a manageable safety profile across dose and schedules in IPI-N and IPI-T MEL pts. The observed efficacy and safety suggest MK-3475 may be an appropriate treatment for all pts with MEL. Clinical trial information: NCT01295827. IPI-N IPI-T 2 Q3W n = 73 10 Q3W n = 76 10 Q2W n = 41 Total n = 190 2 Q3W n = 89 10 Q3W n = 116 10 Q2W n = 16 Total n = 221 RECIST ORR in pts with measurable disease, % 37 39 46 40 26 26 57 28 Median PFS, wk (95% CI) 36 (12-NR) 23 (12-36) 50 (14-NR) 24 (16-48) 22 (12-36) 17 (12-24) NR (12-NR) 23 (14-24) 24-wk PFS, % 52 46 57 51 45 40 67 44 irRC ORR, % 37 41 59 43 27 30 56 31 Median PFS, wk (95% CI) 36 (15-NR) 28 (13-NR) 84 (24-NR) 37 (24-84) 31 (22-48) 30 (24-NR) NR (12-NR) 36 (24-54) 24-wk PFS, % 57 52 61 56 57 56 73 58
Virology, New York
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal