tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Role of Fecal Microbiota in Liver Toxicity Induced by Perfluorooctane Sulfonate in Male and Female Mice
Authors: Lilong Jiang, Yanjun Hong, Pingting Xiao, Xiaoxiao Wang, Jinghui Zhang, Ehu Liu, Huijun Li, Zongwei Cai
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2022)

Background: Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is a persistent organic pollutant that can cause hepatotoxicity. The underlying toxicological mechanism remains to be investigated. Given the critical role of fecal microbiota in liver function, it is possible that fecal microbiota may contribute to the liver toxicity induced by PFOS. Objectives: We aimed to investigate the role of liver-fecal microbiota axis in modulating PFOS-induced liver injury in mice. Methods: Male and female mice were exposed to PFOS or vehicle for 14 d. In this investigation, 16S rDNA sequencing and metabolomic profiling were performed to identify the perturbed fecal microbiota and altered metabolites with PFOS exposure. In addition, antibiotic treatment, fecal microbiota transplantation, and bacterial administration were conducted to validate the causal role of fecal microbiota in mediating PFOS-induced liver injury and explore the potential underlying mechanisms. Results: Both male and female mice exposed to PFOS exhibited liver inflammation and steatosis, which were accompanied by fecal microbiota dysbiosis and the disturbance of amino acid metabolism in comparison with control groups. The hepatic lesions were fecal microbiota-dependent, as supported by antibiotic treatment and fecal microbiota transplantation. Mice with altered fecal microbiota in antibiotic treatment or fecal microbiota transplantation experiments exhibited altered arginine concentrations in the liver and feces. Notably, we observed sex-specific lower levels of key microbiota, including Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, and Akkermansia. Mice treated with specific bacteria showed lower arginine levels and lower expression of the phosphorylated mTOR and P70S6K, suggesting lower activity of the related pathway and mitigation of the pathological differences observed in PFOS-exposed mice. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated the critical role of the fecal microbiota in PFOS-induced liver injury in mice. We also identified several critical bacteria that could protect against liver injury induced by PFOS in male and female mice. Our present research provided novel insights into the mechanism of PFOS-induced liver injury in mice. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP10281
Daily and on-demand HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis with emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil (ANRS PREVENIR): a prospective observational cohort study
Authors: Jean-Michel Molina, Jade Ghosn, Lambert Assoumou, Constance Delaugerre, Michèle Algarte-Genin, Gilles Pialoux, Christine Katlama, Laurence Slama, Geoffroy Liegeon, Lydie Beniguel, Michel Ohayon, Hanane Mouhim, Lauriane Goldwirt, Bruno Spire, Bénédicte Loze, Laure Surgers, Juliette Pavie, Jérémy Lourenco, Mohamed Ben-Mechlia, Soizic Le Mestre, Daniela Rojas-Castro, Dominique Costagliola
Journal: The Lancet HIV (2022)
Health Care for Urban American Indian and Alaska Native Populations
Authors: Melissa Suran
Journal: JAMA (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Commentary on Long-term Effectiveness of Adjuvant Treatment in Parkinson Disease
Authors: Priti Gros, Susan H. Fox, Anthony E. Lang
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Association of SARS-CoV-2 Seropositivity and Symptomatic Reinfection in Children in Nicaragua
Authors: John Kubale, Angel Balmaseda, Aaron M. Frutos, Nery Sanchez, Miguel Plazaola, Sergio Ojeda, Saira Saborio, Roger Lopez, Carlos Barilla, Gerald Vasquez, Hanny Moreira, Anna Gajewski, Lora Campredon, Hannah E. Maier, Mahboob Chowdhury, Cristhiam Cerpas, Eva Harris, Guillermina Kuan, Aubree Gordon
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

<h3>Importance</h3> The impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on children remains unclear. Better understanding of the burden of COVID-19 among children and their risk of reinfection is crucial, as they will be among the last groups vaccinated. <h3>Objective</h3> To characterize the burden of COVID-19 and assess how risk of symptomatic reinfection may vary by age among children. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> In this prospective, community-based pediatric cohort study conducted from March 1, 2020, to October 15, 2021, 1964 nonimmunocompromised children aged 0 to 14 years were enrolled by random selection from the Nicaraguan Pediatric Influenza Cohort, a community-based cohort in District 2 of Managua, Nicaragua. Additional newborn infants aged 4 weeks or younger were randomly selected and enrolled monthly via home visits. <h3>Exposures</h3> Prior COVID-19 infection as confirmed by positive anti–SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (receptor binding domain and spike protein) or real-time reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)–confirmed COVID-19 infection at least 60 days before current COVID-19 infection. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Symptomatic COVID-19 cases confirmed by real-time RT-PCR and hospitalization within 28 days of symptom onset of a confirmed COVID-19 case. <h3>Results</h3> This cohort study assessed 1964 children (mean [SD] age, 6.9 [4.4] years; 985 [50.2%] male). Of 1824 children who were tested, 908 (49.8%; 95% CI, 47.5%-52.1%) were seropositive during the study. There were also 207 PCR-confirmed COVID-19 cases, 12 (5.8%) of which were severe enough to require hospitalization. Incidence of COVID-19 was highest among children younger than 2 years (16.1 cases per 100 person-years; 95% CI, 12.5-20.5 cases per 100 person-years), which was approximately 3 times the incidence rate in any other child age group assessed. In addition, 41 symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 episodes (19.8%; 95% CI, 14.4%-25.2%) were reinfections. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> In this prospective, community-based pediatric cohort study, rates of symptomatic and severe COVID-19 were highest among the youngest participants, with rates stabilizing at approximately 5 years of age. In addition, symptomatic reinfections represented a large proportion of symptomatic COVID-19 cases.
Systemic considerations for the surgical treatment of spinal metastatic disease: a scoping literature review
Authors: Mark A MacLean, Charles J Touchette, Miltiadis Georgiopoulos, Tristan Brunette-Clément, Fahad H Abduljabbar, Christopher P Ames, Chetan Bettegowda, Raphaele Charest-Morin, Nicolas Dea, Michael G Fehlings, Ziya L Gokaslan, C Rory Goodwin, Ilya Laufer, Cordula Netzer, Laurence D Rhines, Arjun Sahgal, John H Shin, Daniel M Sciubba, Byron F Stephens, Daryl R Fourney, Michael H Weber
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2022)
Associations between non-anaemic iron deficiency and outcomes following elective cardiac surgery (IDOCS): a prospective cohort study
Authors: Lachlan F Miles, Vanessa Pac Soo, Sabine Braat, Jordan Bade-Boon, Stephane Heritier, Andrew A Klein, Paul S Myles, Toby Richards, Joel Symons, Kate L Burbury, David A Story
Journal: The Lancet Haematology (2022)
Increasing Understanding of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Young Children—Would They Benefit From Immunization?
Authors: Taylor Heald-Sargent
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

John Kubale, PhD; Angel Balmaseda, MD; Aaron M. Frutos, MPH; Nery Sanchez, MD; Miguel Plazaola, MD; Sergio Ojeda, MD; Saira Saborio, MS; Roger Lopez, MPH; Carlos Barilla, BA; Gerald Vasquez, BS; Hanny Moreira, BS; Anna Gajewski, MPH; Lora Campredon, MPH; Hannah E. Maier, PhD; Mahboob Chowdhury, PhD; Cristhiam Cerpas, BS; Eva Harris, PhD; Guillermina Kuan, MD; Aubree Gordon, PhD
Enzymes in the time of COVID‐19: An overview about the effects in the human body, enzyme market, and perspectives for new drugs
Authors: Luana Xavier Soares Gomes Moura Fé, Eliane Pereira Cipolatti, Martina Costa Cerqueira Pinto, Suema Branco, Fábio César Sousa Nogueira, Gisela Maria Dellamora Ortiz, Anderson de Sá Pinheiro, Evelin Andrade Manoel
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2022)

The rising pandemic caused by a coronavirus, resulted in a scientific quest to discover some effective treatments against its etiologic agent, the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This research represented a significant scientific landmark and resulted in many medical advances. However, efforts to understand the viral mechanism of action and how the human body machinery is subverted during the infection are still ongoing. Herein, we contributed to this field with this compilation of the roles of both viral and human enzymes in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this sense, this overview reports that proteases are vital for the infection to take place: from SARS-CoV-2 perspective, the main protease (Mpro ) and papain-like protease (PLpro ) are highlighted; from the human body, angiotensin-converting enzyme-2, transmembrane serine protease-2, and cathepsins (CatB/L) are pointed out. In addition, the influence of the virus on other enzymes is reported as the JAK/STAT pathway and the levels of lipase, enzymes from the cholesterol metabolism pathway, amylase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase are also be disturbed in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Finally, this paper discusses the importance of detailed enzymatic studies for future treatments against SARS-CoV-2, and how some issues related to the syndrome treatment can create opportunities in the biotechnological market of enzymes and the development of new drugs.
Increasing stiffness promotes pulmonary retention of ligand-directed dexamethasone-loaded nanoparticle for enhanced acute lung inflammation therapy
Authors: Yinglan Yu, Shujie Li, Yuan Yao, Xinran Shen, Lian Li, Yuan Huang
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2022)

Inhaled nanoparticles (NPs) need to penetrate the bronchial mucosa to deliver drug payloads deeply in the lung for amplified local therapy. However, the bronchial mucociliary barrier eliminates NPs rapidly, which considerably limits their mucosal penetration. In this study, we find that surface ligand modification and stiffness adjustment of NPs contribute to the significantly enhanced bronchial mucosal absorption and pulmonary retention of inhaled drugs. We utilize neonatal Fc receptor ligand (FcBP) to modify the rationally designed low stiffness NPs (Soft-NP) and high stiffness NPs (Stiff-NP) to target bronchial mucosa. In an acute lung inflammation rat model, after intranasal administration with dexamethasone-loaded NPs, Stiff-NP endowed with FcBP displays superior therapeutic effects. The
Clinical and therapeutic implications of BRAF fusions in histiocytic disorders
Authors: Saurabh Zanwar, Jithma P. Abeykoon, Surendra Dasari, Aishwarya Ravindran, Jason R. Young, Aldo A. Acosta-Medina, Karen L. Rech, Jonathan Schwartz, Aaron Mangold, Allison Rosenthal, N. Nora Bennani, Mithun V. Shah, Diana Morlote, Gaurav Goyal, Ronald S. Go
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2022)
Fluorescence molecular imaging using cetuximab-800CW in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma surgery: a proof-of-concept study
Authors: Jasper Vonk, Jaron G. de Wit, Floris J. Voskuil, Marjolein Koldijk, Emőke Rácz, Wouter T.R. Hooghiemstra, Jan J. Doff, Gilles F.H. Diercks, Gooitzen M. van Dam, Max J.H. Witjes, Sebastiaan A.H.J. de Visscher
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2022)

Abstract
The Watch and the Pulse Rate
Journal: JAMA (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Interim Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices for Use of Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccines in Children Aged 6 Months–5 Years — United States, June 2022
Authors: Katherine E. Fleming-Dutra, Megan Wallace, Danielle L. Moulia, Evelyn Twentyman, Lauren E. Roper, Elisha Hall, Ruth Link-Gelles, Monica Godfrey, Kate R. Woodworth, Tara C. Anderson, Amy B. Rubis, Edwin Shanley, Jefferson M. Jones, Rebecca L. Morgan, Oliver Brooks, H. Keipp Talbot, Grace M. Lee, Beth P. Bell, Matthew Daley, Sarah Meyer, Sara E. Oliver
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2022)

On June 17, 2022, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) amendments for the mRNA-1273 (Moderna) COVID-19 vaccine for use in children aged 6 months-5 years, administered as 2 doses (25 µg [0.25 mL] each), 4 weeks apart, and BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) COVID-19 vaccine for use in children aged 6 months-4 years, administered as 3 doses (3 µg [0.2 mL] each), at intervals of 3 weeks between doses 1 and 2 and ≥8 weeks between doses 2 and 3. On June 18, 2022, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) issued separate interim recommendations for use of the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine in children aged 6 months-5 years and the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine in children aged 6 months-4 years for the prevention of COVID-19.* Both the Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccines met the criteria for immunobridging, which is the comparison of neutralizing antibody levels postvaccination in young children with those in young adults in whom efficacy had been demonstrated. Descriptive efficacy analyses were also conducted for both Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccines during the period when the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19) predominated. No specific safety concerns were identified among recipients of either vaccine. ACIP recommendations for the use of the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine and the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine in children aged 6 months-5 years and 6 months-4 years, respectively, are interim and will be updated as additional information becomes available. Vaccination is important for protecting children aged 6 months-5 years against COVID-19.
CX3CR1 deficiency aggravates amyloid driven neuronal pathology and cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Shweta S. Puntambekar, Miguel Moutinho, Peter Bor-Chian Lin, Vaishnavi Jadhav, Danika Tumbleson-Brink, Ananya Balaji, Martin Alvarado Benito, Guixiang Xu, Adrian Oblak, Cristian A. Lasagna-Reeves, Gary E. Landreth, Bruce T. Lamb
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2022)

Despite its identification as a key checkpoint regulator of microglial activation in Alzheimer's disease, the overarching role of CX3CR1 signaling in modulating mechanisms of Aβ driven neurodegeneration, including accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau is not well understood.
Four Wounds and Warm Bread
Authors: Woods Nash
Journal: JAMA (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Could the use of digital services improve the provision of HIV PrEP in the UK?
Authors: Jonny Edwards
Journal: BMJ (2022)

Could the use of digital services improve the provision of HIV PrEP in the UK?Jonny Edwards cliniciandoctoral candidate in evidence based health care HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has been freely available via the NHS since April 2021, and was previously available through the PrEP Impact Trial, which offered PrEP to 26 000 people who were considered at elevated risk of acquiring HIV. 1 2
Lymphangiogenesis requires Ang2/Tie/PI3K signaling for VEGFR3 cell-surface expression
Authors: Emilia A. Korhonen, Aino Murtomäki, Sawan Kumar Jha, Andrey Anisimov, Anne Pink, Yan Zhang, Simon Stritt, Inam Liaqat, Lukas Stanczuk, Laura Alderfer, Zhiliang Sun, Emmi Kapiainen, Abhishek Singh, Ibrahim Sultan, Anni Lantta, Veli-Matti Leppänen, Lauri Eklund, Yulong He, Hellmut G. Augustin, Kari Vaahtomeri, Pipsa Saharinen, Taija Mäkinen, Kari Alitalo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2022)

Vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) induces lymphangiogenesis via VEGF receptor 3 (VEGFR3), which is encoded by the most frequently mutated gene in human primary lymphedema. Angiopoietins (Angs) and their Tie receptors regulate lymphatic vessel development, and mutations of the ANGPT2 gene were recently found in human primary lymphedema. However, the mechanistic basis of Ang2 activity in lymphangiogenesis is not fully understood. Here, we used gene deletion, blocking Abs, transgene induction, and gene transfer to study how Ang2, its Tie2 receptor, and Tie1 regulate lymphatic vessels. We discovered that VEGF-C–induced Ang2 secretion from lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) was involved in full Akt activation downstream of phosphoinositide 3 kinase (PI3K). Neonatal deletion of genes encoding the Tie receptors or Ang2 in LECs, or administration of an Ang2-blocking Ab decreased VEGFR3 presentation on LECs and inhibited lymphangiogenesis. A similar effect was observed in LECs upon deletion of the PI3K catalytic p110α subunit or with small-molecule inhibition of a constitutively active PI3K located downstream of Ang2. Deletion of Tie receptors or blockade of Ang2 decreased VEGF-C–induced lymphangiogenesis also in adult mice. Our results reveal an important crosstalk between the VEGF-C and Ang signaling pathways and suggest new avenues for therapeutic manipulation of lymphangiogenesis by targeting Ang2/Tie/PI3K signaling.
Single-Dose Clindamycin Gel Highly Effective for Bacterial Vaginosis
Authors: Anita Slomski
Journal: JAMA (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal