tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Endogenous/Exogenous Nanovaccines Synergistically Enhance Dendritic Cell‐Mediated Tumor Immunotherapy (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 17/2023)
Authors: Yu Zhang, Qiang Li, Meng Ding, Weijun Xiu, Jingyang Shan, Lihui Yuwen, Dongliang Yang, Xuejiao Song, Guangwen Yang, Xiaodan Su, Yongbin Mou, Zhaogang Teng, Heng Dong
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Aerobic Vaginitis In article number 202203028, Yongbin Mou, Zhaogang Teng, Heng Dong, and co-workers report a Ti3C2 MXene-based nanoplatform (MXP) with high-efficiency near-infrared photothermal conversion and immunocompetent loading capacity to form endogenous/exogenous nanovaccines. The combined strategy by using MXPs, as photothermal nanoagents and immune carriers, activates the DC-based antitumor cascade immune response to significantly eradicate tumors and enhance adaptive immunity.
Poly‐Catecholic Functionalization of Biomolecules for Rapid Gelation, Robust Injectable Bioadhesion, and Near‐Infrared Responsiveness (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 17/2023)
Authors: Hossein Montazerian, Alireza Hassani Najafabadi, Elham Davoodi, Rasoul Seyedmahmoud, Reihaneh Haghniaz, Avijit Baidya, Wei Gao, Nasim Annabi, Ali Khademhosseini, Paul S. Weiss
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Bioadhesives In article 2203404 by Nasim Annabi, Ali Khademhosseini, and Paul S. Weiss and co-workers, an efficient chemical route for mussel-inspired functionalization of natural biomacromolecules is developed to enhance sutureless sealing of surgical wounds. Compared to standard catechol functionalization, poly(catechol) modification of gelatin biomacromolecules leads to injectable bioglues with rapid gelation for hemorrhage control, tough bioadhesion, and rapid infrared responsiveness.
The imperative for regulatory oversight of large language models (or generative AI) in healthcare
Authors: Bertalan Meskó, Eric J. Topol
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2023)

The rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have led to the development of sophisticated large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-4 and Bard. The potential implementation of LLMs in healthcare settings has already garnered considerable attention because of their diverse applications that include facilitating clinical documentation, obtaining insurance pre-authorization, summarizing research papers, or working as a chatbot to answer questions for patients about their specific data and concerns. While offering transformative potential, LLMs warrant a very cautious approach since these models are trained differently from AI-based medical technologies that are regulated already, especially within the critical context of caring for patients. The newest version, GPT-4, that was released in March, 2023, brings the potentials of this technology to support multiple medical tasks; and risks from mishandling results it provides to varying reliability to a new level. Besides being an advanced LLM, it will be able to read texts on images and analyze the context of those images. The regulation of GPT-4 and generative AI in medicine and healthcare without damaging their exciting and transformative potential is a timely and critical challenge to ensure safety, maintain ethical standards, and protect patient privacy. We argue that regulatory oversight should assure medical professionals and patients can use LLMs without causing harm or compromising their data or privacy. This paper summarizes our practical recommendations for what we can expect from regulators to bring this vision to reality.
Treatment with Mesenchymal Stem Cell‐Derived Nanovesicle‐Containing Gelatin Methacryloyl Hydrogels Alleviates Osteoarthritis by Modulating Chondrogenesis and Macrophage Polarization (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 17/2023)
Authors: Liying Pang, Hong Jin, Zhengmao Lu, Fangyuan Xie, Huaxing Shen, Xinying Li, Xinyi Zhang, Xianghe Jiang, Lili Wu, Mengya Zhang, Tinglin Zhang, Yonghua Zhai, Yuanyuan Zhang, Huilin Guan, Jiacan Su, Meng Li, Jie Gao
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Nanovesicles In article 2300315 by Jiacan Su, Meng Li, Jie Gao, and co-workers, GelMA-NVs, defined as gelatin methacryloyl hydrogels loaded with exosome-mimicking mesenchymal stem cell-derived nanovesicles (MSC-NVs), exhibit sustained release of MSC-NVs which could increase chondrocyte and human bone marrow MSC differentiation, proliferation, and migration and induce M2 macrophage polarization.
Advancements in clinical aspects of targeted therapy and immunotherapy in breast cancer
Authors: Feng Ye, Saikat Dewanjee, Yuehua Li, Niraj Kumar Jha, Zhe-Sheng Chen, Ankush Kumar, None Vishakha, Tapan Behl, Saurabh Kumar Jha, Hailin Tang
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2023)

Abstract Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death for women worldwide. The heterogeneity of this disease presents a big challenge in its therapeutic management. However, recent advances in molecular biology and immunology enable to develop highly targeted therapies for many forms of breast cancer. The primary objective of targeted therapy is to inhibit a specific target/molecule that supports tumor progression. Ak strain transforming, cyclin-dependent kinases, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, and different growth factors have emerged as potential therapeutic targets for specific breast cancer subtypes. Many targeted drugs are currently undergoing clinical trials, and some have already received the FDA approval as monotherapy or in combination with other drugs for the treatment of different forms of breast cancer. However, the targeted drugs have yet to achieve therapeutic promise against triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). In this aspect, immune therapy has come up as a promising therapeutic approach specifically for TNBC patients. Different immunotherapeutic modalities including immune-checkpoint blockade, vaccination, and adoptive cell transfer have been extensively studied in the clinical setting of breast cancer, especially in TNBC patients. The FDA has already approved some immune-checkpoint blockers in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs to treat TNBC and several trials are ongoing. This review provides an overview of clinical developments and recent advancements in targeted therapies and immunotherapies for breast cancer treatment. The successes, challenges, and prospects were critically discussed to portray their profound prospects.
Cross-Subject Emotion Recognition Brain–Computer Interface Based on fNIRS and DBJNet
Authors: Xiaopeng Si, Huang He, Jiayue Yu, Dong Ming
Journal: Cyborg and Bionic Systems (2023)

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a noninvasive brain imaging technique that has gradually been applied in emotion recognition research due to its advantages of high spatial resolution, real time, and convenience. However, the current research on emotion recognition based on fNIRS is mainly limited to within-subject, and there is a lack of related work on emotion recognition across subjects. Therefore, in this paper, we designed an emotion evoking experiment with videos as stimuli and constructed the fNIRS emotion recognition database. On this basis, deep learning technology was introduced for the first time, and a dual-branch joint network (DBJNet) was constructed, creating the ability to generalize the model to new participants. The decoding performance obtained by the proposed model shows that fNIRS can effectively distinguish positive versus neutral versus negative emotions (accuracy is 74.8%, F1 score is 72.9%), and the decoding performance on the 2-category emotion recognition task of distinguishing positive versus neutral (accuracy is 89.5%, F1 score is 88.3%), negative versus neutral (accuracy is 91.7%, F1 score is 91.1%) proved fNIRS has a powerful ability to decode emotions. Furthermore, the results of the ablation study of the model structure demonstrate that the joint convolutional neural network branch and the statistical branch achieve the highest decoding performance. The work in this paper is expected to facilitate the development of fNIRS affective brain-computer interface.
Validation of a new measure of patient global assessment in psoriasis
Authors: Charlotte E Gollins, Laura C Coates
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2023)

Journal Article Corrected proof Validation of a new measure of patient global assessment in psoriasis Get access Charlotte E Gollins, Charlotte E Gollins Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath, UKDepartment of Life Sciences, Centre for Therapeutic Innovation, University of Bath, Bath, UK https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7539-4265 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Laura C Coates Laura C Coates Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK Correspondence: Laura C. Coates. Email: laura.coates@ndorms.ox.ac.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, ljad228, https://doi.org/10.1093/bjd/ljad228 Published: 06 July 2023 Article history Received: 27 June 2023 Accepted: 03 July 2023 Published: 06 July 2023 Corrected and typeset: 07 August 2023
A multi-ancestry polygenic risk score improves risk prediction for coronary artery disease
Authors: Aniruddh P. Patel, Minxian Wang, Yunfeng Ruan, Satoshi Koyama, Shoa L. Clarke, Xiong Yang, Catherine Tcheandjieu, Saaket Agrawal, Akl C. Fahed, Patrick T. Ellinor, Philip S. Tsao, Yan V. Sun, Kelly Cho, Peter W. F. Wilson, Themistocles L. Assimes, David A. van Heel, Adam S. Butterworth, Krishna G. Aragam, Pradeep Natarajan, Amit V. Khera
Journal: Nature Medicine (2023)

Abstract Identification of individuals at highest risk of coronary artery disease (CAD)—ideally before onset—remains an important public health need. Prior studies have developed genome-wide polygenic scores to enable risk stratification, reflecting the substantial inherited component to CAD risk. Here we develop a new and significantly improved polygenic score for CAD, termed GPS Mult , that incorporates genome-wide association data across five ancestries for CAD (&gt;269,000 cases and &gt;1,178,000 controls) and ten CAD risk factors. GPS Mult strongly associated with prevalent CAD (odds ratio per standard deviation 2.14, 95% confidence interval 2.10–2.19, P &lt; 0.001) in UK Biobank participants of European ancestry, identifying 20.0% of the population with 3-fold increased risk and conversely 13.9% with 3-fold decreased risk as compared with those in the middle quintile. GPS Mult was also associated with incident CAD events (hazard ratio per standard deviation 1.73, 95% confidence interval 1.70–1.76, P &lt; 0.001), identifying 3% of healthy individuals with risk of future CAD events equivalent to those with existing disease and significantly improving risk discrimination and reclassification. Across multiethnic, external validation datasets inclusive of 33,096, 124,467, 16,433 and 16,874 participants of African, European, Hispanic and South Asian ancestry, respectively, GPS Mult demonstrated increased strength of associations across all ancestries and outperformed all available previously published CAD polygenic scores. These data contribute a new GPS Mult for CAD to the field and provide a generalizable framework for how large-scale integration of genetic association data for CAD and related traits from diverse populations can meaningfully improve polygenic risk prediction.
Clinical and pathogenic significance of S100A4 overexpression in systemic sclerosis
Authors: Christopher P Denton, Shiwen Xu, Fenge Zhang, Rory H Maclean, Kristina E N Clark, Signe Borchert, Rizwan I Hussain, Jörg Klingelhöfer, Jonas Hallén, Voon H Ong
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2023)

We have studied the damage-associated molecular pattern protein S100A4 as a driver of fibroblast activation in systemic sclerosis (SSc).S100A4 protein concentration was measured by ELISA in serum of SSc (n=94) and healthy controls (n=15). Protein expression in skin fibroblast cultures from diffuse cutaneous SSc (SScF, n=6) and healthy controls (normal fibroblasts (NF), n=6) was assessed. Recombinant S100A4 and a high affinity anti-S100A4 neutralising monoclonal antibody (AX-202) were tested on SScF and NF.Median (range) S100A4 (ng/mL) was higher in serum of SSc (89.9 (15.0-240.0)) than healthy controls (71.4 (7.9-131.8); p=0.027). There was association with SSc-interstitial lung disease (p=0.025, n=55), scleroderma renal crisis (p=0.026, n=4). Median (range) S100A4 (ng/mL) was higher in culture supernatants of SScF (4.19 (0.52-8.42)) than NF controls (0.28 (0.02-3.29); p<0.0001). AX-202 reduced the constitutive profibrotic gene and protein expression phenotype of SScF. Genome-wide RNA sequencing analysis identified an S100A4 activated signature in NF overlapping the hallmark gene expression signature of SScF. Thus, 464 differentially expressed genes (false discovery rate (FDR) <0.001 and fold change (FC) >1.5) induced in NF by S100A4 were also constitutively overexpressed, and downregulated by AX-202, in SScF. Pathway mapping of these S100A4 dependent genes in SSc showed the most significant enriched Kegg pathways (FDR <0.001) were regulation of stem cell pluripotency (4.6-fold) and metabolic pathways (1.9-fold).Our findings provide compelling evidence for a profibrotic role for S100A4 in SSc and suggest that serum level may be a biomarker of major organ manifestations and disease severity. This study supports examining the therapeutic potential of targeting S100A4 in SSc.
Risk of progression to active tuberculosis for indeterminate interferon-gamma release assay in immunocompromised individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Guozhong Zhou, Shiqi Luo, Jian He, Nan Chen, Yu Zhang, Shunli Cai, Xin Guo, Chao Song
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2023)

Background Limited data exist on assessing the risk of active tuberculosis (TB) in immunocompromised individuals during screening for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). Objectives To assess the risk of progression to active TB for indeterminate interferon-γ release assays (IGRA) results in immunocompromised individuals during screening for LTBI. Data Sources PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched without start date or language restrictions on April 18, 2023. Study eligibility criteria Cohort study or randomized controlled trials that investigated the risk of progression to active TB for indeterminate IGRA during LTBI screening. Participants Immunocompromised individuals. Test IGRA (T-SPOT.TB and QuantiFERON). Reference standard None. Assessment of risk of bias A modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Methods of data synthesis Fixed effects meta-analysis was used to obtain two pooled risk ratios (RRs). RR-ip represented disease progression rate in untreated individuals with indeterminate IGRA versus positive IGRA. RR-in represented disease progression rate in untreated individuals with indeterminate IGRA versus negative IGRA. Results Among the 5,102 identified studies, 28 (14,792 immunocompromised individuals) were included. The pooled RR-ip and RR-in for cumulative incidence were 0.51 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.32–0.82; I2 = 0%) and 2.94 (95% CI, 1.78–4.85; I2 = 0%), respectively. Additionally, 11 studies reporting person-year data were included to verified the reliability of cumulative incidence results. The pooled RR-ip and RR-in for person-year incidence were 0.40 (95% CI, 0.19–0.82; I2 = 13%) and 2.67 (95% CI, 1.24–5.79; I2 = 23%), respectively. Concussion Indeterminate IGRA results in immunocompromised individuals may represent an intermediate risk of progression to active TB, with half the risk for positive results and three times for negative results. Proper follow-up and management of patients with indeterminate results are crucial for mitigating progression risk and improving patient outcomes.
Removal of senescent cells reduces the viral load and attenuates pulmonary and systemic inflammation in SARS-CoV-2-infected, aged hamsters
Authors: Lou Delval, Aline Hantute-Ghesquier, Valentin Sencio, Jean Michel Flaman, Cyril Robil, Fabiola Silva Angulo, Larissa Lipskaia, Ozmen Çobanoğlu, Anne-Sophie Lacoste, Arnaud Machelart, Adeline Danneels, Mathieu Corbin, Lucie Deruyter, Séverine Heumel, Thierry Idziorek, Karin Séron, Florent Sauve, Antonino Bongiovanni, Vincent Prévot, Isabelle Wolowczuk, Sandrine Belouzard, Jean-Michel Saliou, Philippe Gosset, David Bernard, Yves Rouillé, Serge Adnot, Martine Duterque-Coquillaud, François Trottein
Journal: Nature Aging (2023)

Abstract Older age is one of the strongest risk factors for severe COVID-19. In this study, we determined whether age-associated cellular senescence contributes to the severity of experimental COVID-19. Aged golden hamsters accumulate senescent cells in the lungs, and the senolytic drug ABT-263, a BCL-2 inhibitor, depletes these cells at baseline and during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Relative to young hamsters, aged hamsters had a greater viral load during the acute phase of infection and displayed higher levels of sequelae during the post-acute phase. Early treatment with ABT-263 lowered pulmonary viral load in aged (but not young) animals, an effect associated with lower expression of ACE2, the receptor for SARS-CoV-2. ABT-263 treatment also led to lower pulmonary and systemic levels of senescence-associated secretory phenotype factors and to amelioration of early and late lung disease. These data demonstrate the causative role of age-associated pre-existing senescent cells on COVID-19 severity and have clear clinical relevance.
A pilot phase 2a, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to explore the antiviral activity, clinical outcomes, safety, and tolerability of rilematovir at two dose levels in non-hospitalized adults with respiratory syncytial virus infection
Authors: Anna C. Nilsson, John Pullman, Piotr Napora, Kleber Luz, Anil Gupta, Jorge Draghi, Ana Karla Guzman Romero, Naresh Aggarwal, Galina Petrova, Juliana Ianus, Leen Vijgen, Jane Scott, Rekha Sinha, Sarah Rusch, Dymphy Huntjens, Kristi Bertzos, Marita Stevens
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2023)
A gain-of-function variation in PLCG1 causes a new immune dysregulation disease
Authors: Panfeng Tao, Xu Han, Qintao Wang, Shihao Wang, Jiahui Zhang, Lin Liu, Xiaorui Fan, Chenlu Liu, Meng Liu, Li Guo, Pui Y. Lee, Ivona Aksentijevich, Qing Zhou
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2023)
Effectiveness of tick-borne encephalitis vaccination in Latvia, 2018–2020: an observational study
Authors: Dace Zavadska, Zane Freimane, Guntis Karelis, Ineta Ermina, Lisa R. Harper, Cody Bender, Pingping Zhang, Frederick J. Angulo, Wilhelm Erber, Antra Bormane, Evija Gutmane, Zane A. Litauniece, Jevgenijs Tihonovs, Aija Griskevica, Harish Madhava, Luis Jodar
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2023)

ObjectivesTick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is an infection by the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) that results in symptoms of central nervous system inflammation. TBE is endemic in Latvia and other European countries. TBE vaccines are commonly used in Latvia, but vaccine effectiveness estimates are limited.MethodsStudy staff at Rīga Stradinš University conducted nationwide active surveillance for TBEV infections. Serum and cerebrospinal fluid were ELISA-tested for TBEV-specific IgG and IgM antibodies. Vaccination history was collected by interview and medical record review. Utilising data from surveillance and population surveys, vaccine effectiveness (with 95% confidence intervals) and cases averted were estimated using the screening method.ResultsThere were 587 laboratory-identified TBE cases from 2018–2020; 98.1% (576/587) were unvaccinated, 1.5% (9/587) were unknown or partially-vaccinated, and 0.3% (2/587) were fully-vaccinated (three-dose primary series and appropriately timed boosters). TBE resulted in the death of 1.7% (10/587) of TBE cases. TBE vaccine history was ascertained from 92.0% (13,247/14,399) people from the general population: 38.6% (5113/13,247) were unvaccinated, 26.3% (3484/13,247) were fully-vaccinated, and 35.1% (4650/13,247) were partially-vaccinated. TBE vaccine effectiveness was 99.5% (98.0–99.9) against TBE, 99.5% (97.9–99.9) against TBE hospitalisation, 99.3% (94.8–99.9) against moderate/severe TBE, and 99.2% (94.4–99.9) against TBE hospitalisation >12 days. From 2018–2020, vaccination averted 906 TBE cases, including 20 deaths.ConclusionsTBE vaccine was highly effective in preventing TBE, moderate and severe disease, and prolonged hospitalisation. To prevent life-threatening TBE, TBE vaccine uptake and compliance should be increased in Latvia and other European regions where TBE is endemic.
Assessment of in vitro antimicrobial activity of clindamycin metabolites against Staphylococcus species
Authors: Greet Van De Sijpe, Marnix Mylemans, Laura Armengol Álvarez, Agustos Cetin Ozbey, Karel Allegaert, Jef Rozenski, Pieter Annaert, Stefanie Desmet, Isabel Spriet
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2023)
Transitional dendritic cells are distinct from conventional DC2 precursors and mediate proinflammatory antiviral responses
Authors: Fernando Bandeira Sulczewski, Raul A. Maqueda-Alfaro, Marcela Alcántara-Hernández, Oriana A. Perez, Sanjana Saravanan, Tae Jin Yun, David Seong, Rebeca Arroyo Hornero, Hayley M. Raquer-McKay, Eduardo Esteva, Zachary R. Lanzar, Rebecca A. Leylek, Nicholas M. Adams, Annesa Das, Adeeb H. Rahman, Andres Gottfried-Blackmore, Boris Reizis, Juliana Idoyaga
Journal: Nature Immunology (2023)
Commensal bacteria weaken the intestinal barrier by suppressing epithelial neuropilin-1 and Hedgehog signaling
Authors: Giulia Pontarollo, Bettina Kollar, Amrit Mann, My Phung Khuu, Klytaimnistra Kiouptsi, Franziska Bayer, Inês Brandão, Valeriya V. Zinina, Jennifer Hahlbrock, Frano Malinarich, Maximilian Mimmler, Sudhanshu Bhushan, Federico Marini, Wolfram Ruf, Meriem Belheouane, John F. Baines, Kristina Endres, Scott M. Reba, Verena K. Raker, Carsten Deppermann, Christoph Welsch, Markus Bosmann, Natalia Soshnikova, Benoit Chassaing, Mattias Bergentall, Felix Sommer, Fredrik Bäckhed, Christoph Reinhardt
Journal: Nature Metabolism (2023)

The gut microbiota influences intestinal barrier integrity through mechanisms that are incompletely understood. Here we show that the commensal microbiota weakens the intestinal barrier by suppressing epithelial neuropilin-1 (NRP1) and Hedgehog (Hh) signaling. Microbial colonization of germ-free mice dampens signaling of the intestinal Hh pathway through epithelial Toll-like receptor (TLR)-2, resulting in decreased epithelial NRP1 protein levels. Following activation via TLR2/TLR6, epithelial NRP1, a positive-feedback regulator of Hh signaling, is lysosomally degraded. Conversely, elevated epithelial NRP1 levels in germ-free mice are associated with a strengthened gut barrier. Functionally, intestinal epithelial cell-specific Nrp1 deficiency (Nrp1ΔIEC) results in decreased Hh pathway activity and a weakened gut barrier. In addition, Nrp1ΔIEC mice have a reduced density of capillary networks in their small intestinal villus structures. Collectively, our results reveal a role for the commensal microbiota and epithelial NRP1 signaling in the regulation of intestinal barrier function through postnatal control of Hh signaling.