tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Progress Toward Poliomyelitis Eradication--West Africa, 1997-September 1998
Journal: JAMA (1998)

In 1988, the World Health Assembly adopted the goal of global eradication of poliomyelitis by 2000. Although substantial progress has been reported in many parts of the world toward achieving this goal, West Africa remains a major reservoir of poliovirus transmission. This report summarizes progress achieved in the 15 countries of the World Health Organization (WHO) West African subregion (excluding Nigeria) during 1997-1998, reviews the implementation of polio eradication strategies, and suggests that, if activities are intensified and adequate resources are provided, achieving the eradication goal by the target date remains feasible.
Misleading Discs
Authors: D.-F Gibberd, J Hellier, J Sarsfield, N Watson, D Oakley, J Brenton, J Hunter, F Pilcher, N Skidmore, H Cohen, A Valman, -P Sims, -B Csr, S Higgs, D Nundy, Mr Irving, J Brooke, Linda Tze, Ching Ho, Barbara Lees, D Cooper, Estrange Southampton, G Stevenson, J O'brien, David Siggers, Ronald Tunbridge, P Banks, S Walpole, Cam- Brioge Mr, York- Shire Blackburne, B Branch, -D Macartheur, I -Catherine, G Ahuchogu, M Ainsworth, Barbara Al-Naddawi, S Armstrong, Kathleen Arora, M Badcock, R Bamford, M Blackburn, A Bone, J Bosley, S Brooks, Chea Brown, H Chang, Janet Chilton, G Clements, Hilary Clugston, Patricia Coysh, A Crisp, Geraldine Davies, B Davies, F Desai
Journal: BMJ (1974)
Human Exposure and Risk from Indoor Use of Chlorpyrifos
Authors: James E. Gibson, Robert K. D. Peterson, Bradley A. Shurdut
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

The toxicity, exposure, and risk from chlorpyrifos are briefly discussed in juxtaposition with two recent articles in Environmental Health Perspectives concerning potential exposures to children. In studies conducted according to EPA guidelines, chlorpyrifos has been shown not to be mutagenic, carcinogenic, or teratogenic, nor does it adversely affect reproduction. Chlorpyrifos toxicity does not occur in the absence of significant cholinesterase inhibition. If exposures are less than those that cause significant cholinesterase depression, then no signs or symptoms related to chlorpyrifos exposure occur. The weight of empirical evidence indicates that the risk of adults or children experiencing an adverse health effect from exposure to chlorpyrifos through both nondietary and dietary sources is negligible. Both the research supporting the registration of these products and their long history of widespread use suggest that unless these products are seriously misused, their margins of safety are wide enough to protect everyone with the potential to be exposed. A weight-of-evidence review of the entire scientific knowledge base relating to chlorpyrifos products supports these conclusions.
To New Members of the Association.
Journal: JAMA (1884)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Random Research
Authors: Lemuel A. Moyé
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Advances in computing have combined with the rapid dissemination of treatment discoveries for diseases of public health importance to create pressure for accelerated promulgation of promising research results to the medical community. The 2 recent examples of the US Carvedilol Heart Failure program and the Evaluation of Losartan In the Elderly (ELITE) study demonstrate the importance of the prospective nature of research design, as well as the consequences of its abandonment. This article explains in nonmathematical terms the rationale for the tenet "first say what you will do, then do what you said" in sample-based research.
Recommended breast cancer surveillance guidelines. American Society of Clinical Oncology.
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1997)

OBJECTIVE To determine an effective, evidence-based postoperative surveillance strategy for the detection and treatment of recurrent breast cancer. Tests are recommended only if they have an impact on the outcomes specified by the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) for clinical practice guidelines. POTENTIAL INTERVENTION: All tests described in the literature for postoperative monitoring were considered. In addition, the data were critically evaluated to determine the optimal frequency of monitoring. OUTCOME Outcomes of interest include overall and disease-free survival, quality of life, toxicity reduction, and secondarily cost-effectiveness. EVIDENCE A search was performed to determine all relevant articles published over the past 20 years on the efficacy of surveillance testing for breast cancer recurrence. These publications comprised both retrospective and prospective studies. VALUES Levels of evidence and guideline grades were rated by a standard process. More weight was given to studies that tested a hypothesis that directly related testing to one of the primary outcomes in a randomized design. BENEFITS/HARMS/COSTS: The possible consequences of false-positive and negative tests were considered in evaluating a preference for one of two tests that provided similar information. Cost alone was not a determining factor. RECOMMENDATIONS The attached guidelines summarize the recommendations of the ASCO breast cancer expert panel (see Table 1 for a summary of guidelines and corresponding levels of evidence and grades of recommendation). Data are sufficient to recommend monthly breast self-examination, annual mammography of the preserved and contralateral breast, and a careful history and physical examination every 3 to 6 months for 3 years, then every 6 to 12 months for 2 years, then annually. Data are not sufficient to recommend routine bone scans, chest radiographs, hematologic blood counts, tumor markers (CEA, CA15-5), liver ultrasonograms, or computed axial tomographic scans. VALIDATION The recommendations of the breast cancer expert panel were evaluated by the ASCO Health Services Research Committee reviewers and by the ASCO Board of Directors.
Exercise and Atherosclerosis
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Letters7 December 2004Exercise and AtherosclerosisThe EditorsThe EditorsSearch for more papers by this authorhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-141-11-200412070-00022 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:The randomized, controlled trial conducted by Rauramaa and colleagues compared 6-year progression of carotid intima–media thickness between men assigned to usual activity and men assigned to a progressive aerobic exercise program. The modest-sized trial involved 140 middle-aged Finnish men randomly selected from a population registry; of these, 14% had incomplete follow-up data. Intention-to-treat analyses showed no clinically important or statistically significant differences in intima–media thickness progression between groups. A secondary analysis that excluded the few patients who were taking statins found a statistically significant difference in progression (P = 0.02). At 6 years, the average increase in intima–media thickness ... PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoEffects of Aerobic Physical Exercise on Inflammation and Atherosclerosis in Men: The DNASCO Study Rainer Rauramaa , Pirjo Halonen , Sari B. Väisänen , Timo A. Lakka , Arno Schmidt-Trucksäss , Aloys Berg , Ilkka M. Penttilä , Tuomo Rankinen , and Claude Bouchard Does Aerobic Exercise Slow Progression of Atherosclerosis?Exercise and Atherosclerosis Norman M. Kaplan Metrics 7 December 2004Volume 141, Issue 11 Page: 890 Keywords Aerobic exercise Atherosclerosis Exercise Intent to treat analysis Statins ePublished: 7 December 2004 Issue Published: 7 December 2004 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Climate and Man: 1941 Yearbook of Agriculture
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Anticoagulants in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Trimethoprim.
Journal: BMJ (1968)

BDICALJOURNALfollows the intern year, with all its fateful consequences for frustration among young hospital doctors.Certainly if some of the leading recommendations of the Royal Commission on Medical Education' are ever to be put into effect much more than quiet nods of assent will be needed from the Royal Colleges.The surgeons have pushed ahead, and their plan will be widely welcomed.
DNA discoverer James Watson now dreams of curing genetic diseases
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Medication prescribing errors in a teaching hospital
Authors: T. S. Lesar
Journal: JAMA (1990)

A study of prescribing errors committed by physicians that occurred in a tertiarycare teaching hospital is reported. From a total of 289 411 medication orders written during the 1-year study period, 905 prescribing errors were detected and averted, of which 522 (57.7%) were rated as having potential for adverse consequences. The overall detected error rate was 3.13 errors for each 1000 orders written and a rate of 1.81 significant errors per 1000 orders. The error rate (4.01 per 1000 orders) was greatest between 12 PM and 3:59 PM. First-year postgraduate residents were found to have a higher error rate (4.25 per 1000 orders) than other prescriber classes, and obstetrics/gynecology services (3.54 per 1000 orders) and surgery/anesthesia services (3.42 per 1000 orders) had greater error rates than other services. The study results demonstrate the significant risk to patients from medication prescribing errors. Educational, operational, and risk-management activities should include efforts directed at reducing the risk to patients from prescribing errors. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;263:2329-2334)
NOSTRUM EXPLOITATION OF THE FOREIGN BORN
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prevalence of Selected Risk Factors for Chronic Disease by Education Level in Racial/Ethnic Populations—United States, 1991-1992
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Labels Switched in Figure
Authors: Adam Powell, Melissa Partin
Journal: JAMA (2013)

tients is whether it facilitates informed, value-concordant decisions.Physicians can facilitate informed, value-concordant decisions in at least 3 ways.First, physicians can frame information in ways that foster accurate beliefs about important outcomes.For example, as the authors noted, it is generally better to frame outcome risk information in terms of absolute risk rather than relative risk because evidence suggests that this approach leads to more accurate outcomes expectations. 3 Second, communications with patients can shift the focus or emphasis that patients place on different types of outcomes.In doing so, physicians can increase the likelihood that the weights the patients assign to outcomes are consistent with the patients' underlying values.Shaw and Elger's description of a physician shifting a patient's focus from fear of surgery to fear of death is an example of this strategy.The authors argued that this strategy is appropriate because it reduces a patient's bias for avoiding short-term, negative outcomes.However, we contend that the appropriateness of this technique should be judged by whether the resulting weights placed on short-and long-term outcomes are consistent with a patient's underlying values.A third strategy of physicians involves priming heuristics that help patients reach value-concordant decisions.We believe that recommendations made by physicians affect the decisions made by patients primarily because they prime a physician-knows-best heuristic.Shaw and Elger argued that it is usually appropriate for physicians to offer a recommendation.Although we do not disagree with this assertion, we believe the most appropriate recommendations are those that are made with sensitivity to how patients value the potential outcomes of the final decision.
ADVERTISING AND THE DOCTOR
Journal: JAMA (1931)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Perspectives on adolescent substance use. A defined population study
Authors: T. N. Robinson
Journal: JAMA (1987)

We asked 1447 tenth graders to complete a survey on physical activity, nutrition, stress, and substance use and to undergo basic physical assessments. In a multiple regression analysis, increased level of substance use by both boys and girls was most strongly predicted by friends' marijuana use. For boys, this was followed by perceived safety of cigarette smoking; poor school performance; parents' education; and use of diet pills, laxatives, or diuretics for weight control, accounting for 44% of the overall variation in substance use. For girls, friends' marijuana use was followed by poor school performance; self-induced vomiting for weight control; perceived safety of cigarette smoking; use of diet pills, laxatives, or diuretics for weight control; parents' education; perceived adult attitudes about cigarettes; and nonuse of seat belts, accounting for 53% of the overall variance. Separate multiple regression analyses for each substance produced similar results. The homogeneity of the study population precluded ethnic comparisons. These findings suggest that for many purposes substance use may be considered a single behavior regardless of the specific substance(s) used and that substance use may exist as part of a syndrome of adolescent problem behaviors. In addition, the potent influence of perceived social environment suggests that a social influence resistance model may represent the most successful preventive strategy. (<i>JAMA</i>1987;258:2072-2076)
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH THE NEED FOR TRANSFUSIONS IN PATIENTS WITH LOWER RISK MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROME (MDS). DATA FROM THE REGULAR CARE MDS-REGISTRY IN GERMANY
Authors: H. T. Steinmetz, J. Toczek-Thiel, M. Hellmich, J. Lipke, R. Liersch, A. Sauer, H. Tesch, J. Hessling, S. Schmitz
Journal: HemaSphere (2019)
Error in Figure 1
Authors: Jun Ma
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2018)

Daniel Y. Wang, MD; Joe-Elie Salem, MD; Justine V. Cohen, MD; Sunandana Chandra, MD; Christian Menzer, MD; Fei Ye, PhD; Shilin Zhao, PhD; Satya Das, MD; Kathryn E. Beckermann, MD, PhD; Lisa Ha, MSN; W. Kimryn Rathmell, MD, PhD; Kristin K. Ancell, MD; Justin M. Balko, PharmD, PhD; Caitlin Bowman, PharmD; Elizabeth J. Davis, MD; David D. Chism, MD; Leora Horn, MD; Georgina V. Long, MBBS, PhD; Matteo S. Carlino, MBBS; Benedicte Lebrun-Vignes, MD; Zeynep Eroglu, MD; Jessica C. Hassel, MD; Alexander M. Menzies, MBBS, PhD; Jeffrey A. Sosman, MD; Ryan J. Sullivan, MD; Javid J. Moslehi, MD; Douglas B. Johnson, MD