tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Leukokinetics.
Authors: J. W. Athens
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1962)

s1 April 1962Leukokinetics.J. W. Athens, M.D. (Assoc.)J. W. Athens, M.D. (Assoc.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-56-4-684_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptRadioactive diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP32) has been used to label leukocytes of the granulocytic series in a manner analogous to the labeling of erythrocytes with radioactive sodium chromate. With this technique, the size of the total blood granulocyte pool (TBGP), the distribution of cells therein, and the rate at which granulocytes leave the total blood granulocyte pool, the disappearance rate (T ½), have been measured. From the size of the total blood granulocyte pool and the disappearance rate, the production and destruction rate of granulocytes can be determined. Studies in normal human subjects and in selected patients have demonstrated that leukocytosis and... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: J. W. Athens, M.D. (Assoc.)Affiliations: Salt Lake City, Utah. (BS) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1962Volume 56, Issue 4 Page: 684-684 Keywords Blood Blood cells Cells Granulocytes Leukocytosis Sodium ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 April 1962 PDF downloadLoading ...
Concentrations of Organochlorines Related to Titers to Epstein-Barr Virus Early Antigen IgG as Risk Factors for Hairy Cell Leukemia
Authors: Marie Nordstrom, Lennart Hardell, Gunilla Lindstrom, Hakan Wingfors, Karin Hardell, Annika Linde
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

Hairy cei leukemia (HCL) is a rare chronic B-cell malignancy that, according to modern dassifi- cations., is a subgroup of non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs).A rapid increase in incidence of NHL has been reported mi many countries.The reasons for this increase are largely unknown, but exposure to organochlorines has been suggted as a risk factor.Epstein-Barr virus is a human herpesvrus that has'been associated with certain subgroups of NHL In this study, we measured lipid adjusted blood concentrations (in nanogr per gmm) of 36 congeners of polychlorinated b:iphenyls (PCBs), p,p'.-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene(p,p'-DDE), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), and four subgroups of chlorines (trans-nonachlor, cis-nonachlor, MC6, and oxychlor- dane) in incident cases of HCL and controls from the general population.We obtained results on organochiorines and antibodies for 54 cases and 54 controls.Titers of antibodies to the Epstein- Barr early antigen and Epstein-Barr nlear antigen, measured as P107, were correlated to concentrations of organochlorines to evauate the possibility of an interaction between these factors in the pathogenes of HCL.We found no sficant difference in lipid-adjusted blood concen- trations oftotal PCBs, pAp-DDE, HCB, or the sum ofthee chlordanes between cases and controls.Titers of antibodies to Epstei-Barr early antigen IgG . 40were correlated to an increased risk for HCL.This risk was farther increased in those with.a level above the median value of p,p'-DDE, HCB, or the sum of the chlordanessgs t a-nS interaction between Epstein-Barr virus and a higher cooncentration of these chemicals.We also found increased risk for the sum of
Comparative Toxicology and Mechanism of Action of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-P-Dioxins and Dibenzofurans
Authors: S. Safe
Journal: The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology (1986)

Due to the massive data sets available for drug candidates, modern drug discovery has advanced to the big data era. Central to this shift is the development of artificial intelligence approaches to implementing innovative modeling based on the dynamic, ...Read More
Hepatic mucosal mast cell hyperplasia in rats with secondary biliary cirrhosis
Authors: K Rioux
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

Mast cells have been shown to play a role in many chronic inflammatory and fibrotic disorders. However, their possible contribution to the pathological changes that occur in liver cirrhosis is unknown. To explore this, we examined whether changes in hepatic mast cell number and mediator content were associated with fibrotic changes in experimental biliary cirrhosis. Rats were studied 7, 14, or 21 days after bile duct resection (BDR). Hepatic mast cells were identified by histochemical and immunohistochemical stains. Rat mast cell protease II (RMCP-II), a marker of mast cell degranulation, was measured in liver by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Hepatic collagen deposition was assessed by Sirius Red F3BA staining. In day 21 BDR rats, there was a one- to twofold increase (P < .001) in the number of hepatic mast cells, but this was not observed in day 7 or 14 BDR rats. Mild fibrotic changes were noted in BDR rat livers as early as 7 days after induction of cholestasis. Significant expansion and organization of fibrous tissue had occurred in day 14 BDR rats which progressed to bridging fibrosis by day 21. Liver RMCP-II levels were decreased by 50 percent (P < .05) and mast cell degranulation was apparent as shown by histamine immunostaining. These results suggest that hepatic mast cell hyperplasia and degranulation occur during prolonged cholestasis in the rat. Although these changes do not correlate with the onset of hepatic fibrosis, they do occur at a time during which there is significant deposition and organization extracellular matrix elements. Hepatic mast cells, by releasing profibrogenic mediators, may contribute to fibrotic changes in biliary cirrhosis.
MODERN LONGEVITY.
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Multiple myeloma and related plasma cell dyscrasias
Authors: E. F. Osserman
Journal: JAMA (1987)

THE PLASMA cell dyscrasias (PCDs), of which multiple myeloma is the most common and also the prototype disease, represent a group of conditions that have as their common feature an abnormal and frequently, but not invariably, neoplastic proliferation of plasma cells.<sup>1-3</sup>The term<i>plasma cell</i>is used to describe all cells capable of synthesizing and releasing all classes of immunoglobulins and their subunits, recognizing that this functional definition includes cells with some morphological diversity, variously referred to as "lymphocytoid plasma cells" and "plasmacytoid lymphocytes." As schematically shown in Fig 12-1, the unbalanced or disproportionate proliferation (ie, dyscrasia) of one or a limited number of clones of plasma cells or their B-cell precursors is characteristically associated with the elaboration of excessive quantities of a homogeneous molecular population of one of these proteins, ie, IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, or IgE, their constituent heavy or light polypeptide components, or both (Fig 12-2).
Incorrect Quote
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cytotoxicity of bile salts against biliary epithelium: A study in isolated bile ductule fragments and isolated perfused rat liver
Authors: A Benedetti
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

We evaluated cytotoxic effects of different unconjugated and glycine- and taurine-conjugated bile salts (BS) against bile duct epithelial cells in isolated bile ductule fragments and isolated perfused rat liver. Ultrastructural morphometric studies were performed in polarized rat bile ductule fragments exposed in vitro to increasing concentrations (10–100 μmol/L) of lithocholate (LCA), deoxycholate (DCA), chenodeoxycholate (CDCA), cholate (CA), ursodeoxycholate (UDCA), their taurine-conjugates, and glycoconjugates of cholic (GCA) or chenodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA) for 20, 30, or 75 minutes. To evaluate the cytotoxicity of unconjugated hydrophobic bile salts against biliary epithelium (BDE) in the whole liver, livers were isolated from rats with impaired taurine-conjugation capacity (β-alanine treatment) and perfused for 70 minutes with 2 μmol/min LCA (n = 6), CDCA (n = 6), CA (n = 6), or 0.5 μmol/min tauro-LCA (n = 4). In isolated bile ductule fragments, hydrophobic unconjugated bile salts (LCA, CDCA, DCA) induced a marked damage of intracellular organelles, mainly mitochondria. The damage started at a concentration of 10 μmol/L and became prominent at concentrations higher than 50 μmol/L. No damage of the apical and basolateral membrane was seen and tight junctions appeared intact. UDCA, taurine and glycoconjugated bile salts failed to induce any evident ultrastructural alteration. In taurine- depleted isolated livers, perfused with LCA, CDCA, or CA, bile duct epithelial cells showed no evidence of intracellular damage, despite the increased biliary excretion of unconjugated BS. Marked alterations of the apical cell membrane were seen only in livers perfused with LCA and in isolated segments of the biliary epithelium. In contrast with biliary epithelium, hepatocytes showed prominent subcellular damage with CA and CDCA, and profound alterations of the canalicular membrane with LCA and tauro-LCA. We have shown that, in vitro, BDE cells are not damaged by taurine- or glycine-conjugated BS, but they are very sensitive to cytotoxicity of hydrophobic unconjugated BS. Such sensitivity is not present in the whole liver, probably because of the specificity of BS transport processes, the microvascular architecture of the bile ductal system, and the presence in bile of a physiological surfactant, such as phospholipids.
Preoperative Cardiac Evaluation and Perioperative Monitoring for Noncardiac Vascular Surgery-Reply
Authors: Mark A Hlatky
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —Drs Ramsay and Thomas express concern that our use of the terms "close monitoring" and "intensive surveillance" endorse use of specific expensive monitoring, but this was not our intention. Our study did not assume any specific method of monitoring would be used. Our own practice includes continuous ECG monitoring for 24 hours, clinical follow-up by the cardiovascular consult service, either antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapy, and appropriate antiischemic medications in the perioperative period. Selected patients receive further intraoperative or postoperative surveillance, but this practice is highly individualized, and few data are available concerning the cost efficacy and cost-effectiveness of pulmonary artery catheterization or transesophageal echocardiography for perioperative monitoring. We agree with Drs Fleisher and Lehmann that if the operative mortality of noncardiac vascular surgery is high (eg, 9.5%), preoperative coronary angiography has greater potential to reduce overall risk. Our base case analysis assumed a much lower operative risk, and
Abstract 3592: Early Detection Of CD4-positive Lymphocytes In Adipose Tissue During The Development Of Insulin Resistance
Authors: Katharina Hess, Nikolaus Marx, Martin Wabitsch, Thomas Skurk, Hans Hauner, Martin Hartge, Ulrich Kintscher
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Adipose tissue inflammation may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance (IR) and arteriosclerosis. Previous work has mainly focused on the role of macrophages in human adipose tissue, but little is known about pro-inflammatory T-lymphocytes. Therefore the present study examined the role of CD4-positive lymphocytes in adipose tissue inflammation and IR. Results: Both, CD4-positive lymphocytes and macrophages are present in human visceral adipose tissue as determined by immunohistochemical staining. Most macrophages were HLA-DR positive, reflecting activation through IFNγ, a cytokine released from CD4-positive lymphocytes. Furthermore, SDF-1α, a T-cell chemotactic protein, was also detectable in human adipose tissue. RT-PCR analyses confirmed the expression of IFNγ and SDF1α in visceral adipose tissue. Freshly isolated human adipocytes as well SGBS adipocyte cells express SDF-1α with a down regulation of its expression during adipocyte differentiation in both cell types. In a mouse model of IR, high fat diet induced IR already after 5 weeks which was associated with a marked lymphocyte infiltration in visceral adipose tissue as determined by immunohistochemical staining and RT-PCR. In contrast, macrophages were absent after 5 weeks of diet but could be detected at week 10, suggesting early infiltration of lymphocytes during the development of IR. Conclusion: Pro-inflammatory T-lymphocytes are present in visceral adipose tissue and may contribute to local inflammatory cell activation before the appearance of macrophages. These data suggest that lymphocytes may play an important role in the initiation and perpetuation of adipose tissue inflammation as well as the development of insulin resistance.
Mendelian Inheritance in Man: Catalogs of Autosomal Dominant, Autosomal Recessive, and X-Linked Phenotypes
Authors: Arno G. Motulsky
Journal: JAMA (1993)

A major reference work that first appeared in 1966 has been published in its tenth edition. For the first time, the book appears in two volumes. Volume 1 consists of introductory material (219 pages) and 1170 pages dealing with autosomal dominant inheritance. Volume 2 covers autosomal recessive and X-linked phenotypes (814 pages) and includes an extensive author and subject index (216 pages). McKusick and his colleagues, Francomano and Antonarakis, list all traits and diseases transmitted by single-gene inheritance. McKusick's catalog is integrated with the Genome Data Base. While GDB deals with gene mapping, DNA markers, and probe availability, McKusick's catalog and its frequently updated computerized version (OMIM—Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man—via Sprintnet or Internet, part of the Welch Medical Library, Johns Hopkins University, telephone [410] 955-7058) provide information on clinical and phenotypic aspects and mapping of<i>expressed</i>genes. The number of entries keeps growing exponentially. During the last four years
Massachusetts Medical Society
Authors: John Figgis Jewett
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

COMMITTEE ON MATERNAL WELFAREPlacenta PercretaA thirty-six-year-old gravida 4 died four weeks from term and three weeks before her scheduled fourth cesarean section. During and after previous operations she had received 18 units of blood by transfusion. Extensive investigation at a competent clinic before the present pregnancy ruled out all blood dyscrasias, including sensitization to any blood groups. However, two sisters, one a multipara and one a nun, had had hysterectomies for menorrhagia.The first cesarean section, done at term for abruptio placentae, was classic, a living child being obtained. The second, also classic, was done early, with a . . .
Correction
Authors: Alexander Ncneish, Gy M6zsik, Vay Liang, T Mr
Journal: Gut (1984)

This book, the latest in the Postgraduate Paediatric Series published by Butterworths, has the stated intention of providing a very practical yet up to date approach to paediatric gastroenterology that would be appropriate for trainee paediatricians, established paediatricians, and general practitioners.The authors, from England (ex-Australia), Canada, and the USA have aimed 'to bridge the North Atlantic by producing a text that would take account of practices in our three countries in this rapidly advancing subject where clinical practice may vary from centre to centre'.They have succeeded admirably in their aim in a well produced volume of 400 pages and moderate price.In the small but growing world of paediatric gastroenterology, it is likely that, not only will the authors be friends of each other, but (as in this case) they will be friends of the reviewer as well.One can therefore look for evidence of personal hobby horsesthere are a few, and none the worse for that, in a generally well balanced text.One can have the fun of 'looking for the join' -spotting which chapters were written by which authors -not a difficult task when the special interests of each author are well known.But rather easy too for the general reader to detect which chapters emanated from the North American continent -why is it that, in general, authors from North America refer to the European literature so parsimoniously?The text is divided into two parts.An excellent section on gastrointestinal symptoms and signs in childhood is followed by a categorised account of specific disease entities.Each chapter has a short list of important references.Common disorders are given their proper place, but the unusual are covered briefly too, thus making the book a very useful addition to the library of the practising paediatric gastroenterologist.The brief chapter on diarrhoeal disease in developing communities by Michael Rowland (MRC, The Gambia) serves to remind us, in Jon Rohde's memorable phrase, of the need to 'take science where the diarrhoea is'.
QUACKERY IN AMERICA.
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Exposure In Utero to Diethylstilbestrol and Related Synthetic Hormones
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Amer Industrial Hygiene Association J, Detroit
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Rifampin therapy of Staphylococcus epidermidis. Use in infections from indwelling artificial devices
Authors: G. L. Archer
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Rifampin was added to existing antibiotic regimens in two patients with<i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i>infections; one patient had prosthetic valve endocarditis and the other had an infection of a CSF shunt. The addition of rifampin increased serum or CSF bactericidal titers 16-fold or greater and was correlated with a favorable clinical response. The results of tests for tube-dilution antibiotic susceptibility showed rifampin to be the most active of all antibiotics tested against the patients' organisms. The combinations of gentamicin sulfate, nafcillin sodium, or vancomycin hydrochloride with rifampin prevented the emergence of rifampin resistance in vitro and promoted enhanced killing when compared with either antibiotic alone. (<i>JAMA</i>240:751-753, 1978)