tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Highlights from Recent Cancer Literature
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

The von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor gene promotes ubiquitination and degradation of HIFa and is lost in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).Li and colleagues show that HIF regulates SPOP expression.Interestingly, SPOP was expressed in the nuclei of normal kidney but was cytoplasmic in ccRCCs, suggesting that cytoplasmic localization contributes to malignancy.An "SPOP-cyto" allele deleted for nuclear localization enhanced cell proliferation and promoted tumorigenesis in a xenograft model.An E3 ligase, SPOP promoted the degradation of cytoplasmic proteins with SPOP-binding motifs, including PTEN, DUSP7, GLI2, and DAXX.These data suggest that loss of VHL in ccRCC leads to elevated HIF and HIF targets, including SPOP.Cytoplasmic SPOP prevents degradation of tumor suppressors, thus promoting ccRCC.(Image
The Use of Factor VIII and Factor IX Concentrates During Surgery
Authors: James N. George
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Patients with classic hemophilia and Christmas disease can be effectively treated with human coagulation factor concentrates to allow required surgical procedures without undue risk. The results of such treatment of ten patients with hemophilia and four patients with Christmas disease who were either undergoing exploratory surgery of the abdomen, corrective orthopedic surgery, or dental extractions are reported. Factor VIII plasma levels were 30 to 80 units/100 ml at the time of operation and maintained at 20 to 60 units/100 ml for two to five days postoperatively. Factor IX plasma levels were 20 to 70 units/100 ml during surgery and maintained at 10 to 70 units/100 ml for up to five days postoperatively. These brief treatment periods are described to emphasize that prolonged therapy may not be essential in the surgical management of patients with hemorrhagic disorders.
Educational Program in Nuclear Medicine Technology
Authors: Guy H. Simmons
Journal: JAMA (1971)

The shortage of qualified technologists and technicians in nuclear medicine is a serious problem. The urgent need is not only for additional people, but for more highly qualified ones capable of performing technical functions with a minimum of direct supervision, thereby allowing the physician to concentrate more on activities that require his medical skill and judgement. The National Advisory Committee on Radiation in its April 1966 report to the Surgeon General of the Public Health Service stated the problem in the following words: "In the field of technological manpower, serious difficulties currently prevail in the provision of adequate numbers of clinical X-ray and Nuclear Laboratory Technologists in the United States."<sup>1</sup>The Committee recommended that the Public Health Service should undertake "a series of training programs to provide increasing numbers of technologists in the several disciplines of the Radiological Sciences." As one step toward meeting this challenge, the Public Health
External Jugular Vein Access to Central Venous System
Authors: Jerry Giesy
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Why not the external jugular vein as access to the central venous system? Three issues ofThe Journal(July 5, July 12, and Oct 4, 1971) have LETTERS on access routes to the central venous system. These contributions have discussed the pros and cons of the subclavian and internal jugular percutaneous puncture. The potential hazards of pneumothorax, hemothorax, and carotid artery hemorrhage have been considered. There is no question that these procedures can and are carried out with a very acceptable degree of morbidity in most hospitals. However, to many physicians, anesthesiologists, nurses, and anesthetists, this route is "too hazardous to the seriously ill," or "too difficult for me to remain proficient in— with only intermittent usage." We have therefore been encouraged to reevaluate the external jugular route to the central venous system. We displayed our results to date at the American College of Surgeons Convention in
Transactions of the American Orthopedic Association.
Journal: JAMA (1894)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Unrecognized High Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis Cervical Infection in an Isolated Alaskan Eskimo Population
Authors: Kathleen E. Toomey
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i>genital infections often go unrecognized where specific culture diagnosis is not easily accessible. We studied the prevalence and clinical correlates of<i>C trachomatis</i>in a geographically isolated Alaskan Eskimo population with a high rate of gonorrhea but for whom specific chlamydial diagnosis had never been available. Using a direct immunofluorescent stain of endocervical secretions, we screened 493 women (52% of all women of reproductive age) when they presented to regional health facilities during the year-long study period.<i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i>was identified in 23% (114/493), including 39% (31/80) of teenagers, 30% (34/115) of prenatal patients, 47% (7/15) of pregnant teens, and 40% (8/19) of women with pelvic inflammatory disease. Genital symptoms, clinical signs, and the presence of concomitant gonorrhea were ineffective means of identifying chlamydial infection. This study demonstrates the successful use, and public health importance, of nonculture direct testing to document the unrecognized high prevalence of<i>C trachomatis</i>infection where culture diagnosis is not available. (<i>JAMA</i>1987;258:53-56)
Serum alkaline phosphatase in adult coeliac disease
Authors: O. D. Harris, M. Warner, W. T. Cooke
Journal: Gut (1969)

The total alkaline phosphatase levels were determined in 118 patients with adult coeliac disease, 65 of whom had evidence of osteomalacia. The secretor and blood group status, intestinal isoenzyme, and liver alkaline phosphatase played no significant part in the levels of serum alkaline phosphatase found. There was a significant correlation between the levels of serum alkaline phosphatase and the presence of osteomalacia.
Breast Cancer as a Risk Factor for Other Primary Malignant Diseases. A Nationwide Cohort Study&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1984)

A cohort comprising 11,452 women and based on virtually all cases of first incidence of breast cancer in Sweden in 1964–67 was followed for 13–16 completed years—corresponding to 94,078 person-years of observation—for the occurrence of subsequent primary tumors other than in the breast. A slight excess in the total number of second malignant diseases (695 observed vs. 633.7 expected; relative risk (RR) = 1.10) was possibly partly due to a higher autopsy rate with more frequent detection of preclinical cancers in the cohort than in the background population. A significant risk increase was confirmed for endometrial cancer after the age of 70 years (RR = 2.4; 95% confidence limits = 1.6–3.5) but not for ovarian cancer (RR = 1.2) or tumors of the large bowel (RR = 1.2), rectum (RR = 1.1), or any other site. It was concluded that: 1) so many subgroups were analyzed in this study that the significant association with endometrial cancer might be due to the play of chance alone and, therefore, needs further confirmation, 2) there is no common genetically linked susceptibility to primary cancer of the breast and that of other sites, 3) the hypothesis that cancers of the breast and large bowel share major etiologic factors was not supported, and 4) it is unlikely that secondary cancers significantly contribute to the late excess mortality in breast cancer patients.
Reversible Iso-electric EEG In Barbiturate Coma
Authors: Robert J. Kirshbaum
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Iso-electric electroencephalograms have usually been interpreted to constitute cerebral cortical death. However, a case of barbiturate overdose resulted in coma and iso-electric EEG; the EEG reverted to normal with complete recovery of the patient. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 69-year-old white woman was admitted to the San Antonio Community Hospital on July 18, 1969, in a comatose state. She had been despondent by the recent death of a son and could not be aroused from sleep on the morning of admission. She had received a prescription for "sleeping pills," but no bottle or suicide note was found. Respirations were labored, and the blood pressure was 90/70 mm Hg. The pupils were in midposition, unresponsive to light, and corneal reflexes were absent. Extremities were flaccid, the deep-tendon reflexes absent, and the patient did not respond to painful stimuli. A spinal tap demonstrated crystalclear fluid under normal pressure, with
Гастроентерологічна допомога населенню України: основні показники здоров’я та ресурсне забезпечення у 2011 р.
Authors: Yu.M. Stepanov, I.Yu. Skyrda
Journal: GASTROENTEROLOGY (2013)

У статті надано характеристику основних показників здоров’я населення (поширеність, захворюваність) у частині хронічних захворювань органів травлення. Проаналізовані кількісні та якісні складові гастроентерологічної допомоги. Показана діяльність діагностичного сектора та його ресурсне забезпечення. Отримані дані свідчать про необхідність розробки напрямів з оптимізації надання спеціалізованої гастроентерологічної допомоги населенню України та можуть бути використані для проведення соціальної та організаційної стратегії охорони здоров’я в розділі гастроентерології.
Intermittent Hemodialysis With Repeated Femoral Vein Puncture
Authors: Robert Matalon
Journal: JAMA (1970)

A simple bedside method for percutaneous femoral vein catheterization allows repeated access to the circulation in patients requiring hemodialysis. Blood is returned into any peripheral vein through a 16-gauge needle. With this technique, one patient was maintained with chronic hemodialysis for eight months, until a more definitive access route could be constructed. Furthermore, the method has been used regularly for acute hemodialysis. Patients requiring chronic dialysis, and in whom conventional vascular access fails, now have an alternative to repeated peritoneal dialysis.
MEDICAL SCHOOLS OF THE UNITED STATES
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
DNA Distribution in Human Colon Carcinomas and Its Relationship to Clinical behavior&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: R. C. Wolley, Ph.D., K. Schreiber, M.D., L. G. Koss, M.D.
 5, M. Karas, M.D., A. Sherman, M.S.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1982)

Striking differences in outcome of surgically treated colon adenocarcinomas were observed in 33 patients according to the DNA distribution patterns in tumor nuclei, measured by flow cytometry. As discussed and defined in the text and confirmed by appropriate control studies, the tumors were classified into 2 groups: predominantly diploid (20 tumors) and predominantly nondiploid (13 tumors). During the follow-up period of 3–5 years, 12 of the 13 patients with “nondiploid” tumors died of disease within 4–34 months, and the 1 patient still alive after 59 months has extensive metastases. Only 6 of the 20 patients with “diploid” tumors died of disease, sometimes after a slow, protracted clinical course. There were 14 patients with no evidence of disease for periods ranging from 30 to 60 months; 1 of these patients died of other causes. Histologic grading and Dukes' staging appeared to play a relatively limited role in the outcome, although lymph node metastases and vascular invasion were more often observed in the nondiploid tumors. These observations suggest that the determination of DNA distribution in colon carcinomas may prove to be of prognostic value.
Uninsured Children and National Health Care Reform
Authors: Arthur W. Fleming
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Drs Marquis and Long<sup>1</sup>seem to be at wit's end in trying to propose a solution to the child health care problem in the United States. They admit that their three proposed solutions are inadequate. There is a way to ensure adequate health care for children. It can be done without new commissions and bureaucracies, without new taxes, and in such a way that both Medicaid costs and employee health costs are cut. Make children eligible for Medicare. Many of them (the "disabled") already are. Medicare is not just a program for the elderly. It also covers the disabled and renal dialysis patients. Eligibility should be enlarged to include all children. If we can pay for the elderly, we should do no less for our children.
Interventional endoscopy
Authors: J Souquet, B Napol6on, A Sibille, F Keriven, R Descos, S Sugiyama, Y Murata, K Nagasako, M Tanabe, S Suzuki, L Topal, T Schwarcz, Ja Selye, M Trajkovska, V Serafimoski, V Vasilevski, M Neskovski, V Bidikov, D Trajanovski, D Orovcanec, T Pop-Nikolov, N Joksimovic, M Milosevski
Journal: Gut (1994)

with anal abscess, the probe was passed directly into the canal anal without pain and allowed a good exploration of the sphincters.In conclusions, the new miniprobes are less fragile, and display better images.The striking possibility to visualize specifically the mucosa has still to be confirmed.
The Diagnostic Significance of Anginal Symptoms
Authors: Lawrence D. Horwitz
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Data obtained from a detailed clinical history were correlated with findings at cardiac catheterization in 49 patients who had coronary artery disease and in 23 patients who had recurrent chest pain but normal coronary angiograms. Classical descriptions of angina pectoris were applicable to both groups. Certain combinations of factors including response to nitroglycerin, relationship to exertion, presence of a fourth heart sound, and radiation of pain to the left arm appeared to be of discriminatory value. In the group with coronary lesions, factors suggestive of extensive multiple-vessel involvement included the triad of rest-related, nocturnal, and postprandial pain, radiation of pain to regions other than the left arm, and poor responsiveness to nitroglycerin. (<i>JAMA</i>229:1196-1199, 1974)
XIII. The Founding of JAMA, 1883
Authors: Lester S. King
Journal: JAMA (1983)

After its formation in 1847 the American Medical Association held yearly meetings whose proceedings were recorded in an annual volume of<i>Transactions</i>. These contained the extensive organizational data, such as minutes, committee reports, bylaws, code of ethics, and the like, all revealing the policies and the activities of the Association. Particularly important were the committee reports, which provided data and arguments intended to influence the members. In the early days especially, the committee reports were often exceedingly long, sometimes over 100 pages, and obviously had not been read in their entirety at the meeting. Probably most members in attendance had little interest in the elaborate details of such reports. To the historian, however, the committee reports hold great importance, for they reveal the modes of thinking; the relevant influence, latent or overt; the climates of opinion; the problems and difficulties of contemporary importance; and possible solutions, which might or might
Nobel prizes emphasize clinical applications
Authors: T. Randall
Journal: JAMA (1990)

THIS YEAR'S Nobel prizes in Physiology or Medicine and in Chemistry go to two clinically oriented physicians and a chemist whose work is said to have contributed to "the high standards of living and health." In an unusual departure from favoring achievements in basic science, the Nobel committee announced that two American transplant surgeons will receive the prize in Physiology or Medicine. It will be shared by Joseph E. Murray, MD, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass, and E. Donnall Thomas, MD, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Wash. The two, who have known each other since each was a resident at Peter Bent Brigham (now Brigham and Women's) Hospital after World War II, were commended for "paving the way for transplantation" in humans. Murray performed the first successful organ transplant in humans, a kidney procedure that involved identical twins, in 1954. He went on to breach the "immunosuppressive barrier"
Highlights of This Issue
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

The HER2 oncogene is amplified in approximately 25–30% of human gastric cancers. Wainberg and colleagues explored the efficacy of anti-HER2 therapies for the treatment of gastric cancer. Using in vitro and in vivo models of gastric cancer, they evaluated the efficacy of lapatinib, a small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor of HER2, and trastuzumab, a monoclonal antibody against HER2. The combination of dual HER2 blockade by both trastuzumab and lapatinib demonstrated synergy in both cell lines and gastric cancer animal models. A randomized clinical trial of lapatinib in patients with gastric cancer is ongoing.There is an unmet need for personalized chemotherapy for non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, as current regimens have only modest effectiveness and are relatively toxic. Here, Dong and colleagues describe a method for reliably and quickly determining the sensitivity of NSCLC to various drug regimens. Their approach is based on grafting primary NSCLC tissue (as distinct from established tumor lines) under renal capsules of immunodeficient mice. They found that NSCLCs had a high engraftment rate, and xenografts retained the major biological properties of the original cancers. Further, they showed that this approach can be used to assess the responsiveness of a patient's cancer to different chemotherapeutic regimens.CCR4 is expressed on tumor cells from most adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) patients. Ishii and colleagues developed a humanized defucosylated anti-CCR4 monoclonal antibody, KW-0761. They found that KW-0761 exhibits potent antitumor activity mediated by highly enhanced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity against autologous primary ATLL cells in vitro. Based on these data, a clinical trial of KW-0761 is underway in patients with relapsed CCR4-positive leukemia/lymphoma. The results here may help guide the development of other novel, effective treatment strategies using not only KW-0761, but also other defucosylated monoclonal antibodies.The IDH1 gene has been found mutated in 60–80% of grade II and grade III gliomas. In this prospective randomized study of patients with anaplastic oligodendroglioma, van den Bent and colleagues assessed the prognostic significance of IDH1 mutations, and whether this mutation could predict outcome to procarbazine, CCNU, and vincristine (PCV) chemotherapy. In a multivariate analysis, which included all known prognostic factors, IDH1 mutations were found to be a strong and independent prognosticator for overall survival, but they were not predictive for outcome to PCV chemotherapy. Also, IDH1 mutations were found to correlate with MGMT promoter methylation.
Dangers in Interpreting the Electrocardiogram From the Oscilloscope Monitor
Authors: Sidney R. Arbeit
Journal: JAMA (1970)

The electronic circuitry associated with the electrocardiographic oscillosope monitor produces artifacts which interfere with correct interpretation of the electrocardiogram. Filters introduced to eliminate artifacts due to motion and noise may further distort the tracing. The QRS complex may be widened, the normal RT segment may become abnormally elevated or depressed, and artifacts due to motion may mimic various arrhythmias. An abnormality detected on the oscilloscopic screen must be checked by a conventional ECG tracing taken directly from the patient, not through the monitor.
Knuckle Fracture
Authors: James H. Larose
Journal: JAMA (1968)

The high incidence of knuckle fracture in the fourth and fifth metacarpals can be explained by the weaker structure of these metacarpals, by their lack of support in a bare knuckle fist, and by the number of roundhouse punches that are thrown. The fourth metacarpal is the most slender of all of the metacarpals. And the cortex of the fifth metacarpal is usually papershell thin. The thenar eminence only supports the second and third metacarpals in a bare knuckle fist.