tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Early detection of the emerging SARS-CoV-2 BA.2.86 lineage through integrated genomic surveillance of wastewater and COVID-19 cases in Sweden, weeks 31 to 38 2023
Authors: Carmen Espinosa-Gongora, Carlo Berg, Moa Rehn, Javier Edo Varg, Lena Dillner, Neus Latorre-Margalef, Anna J Székely, Emmi Andersson, Elin Movert
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2023)

The SARS-CoV-2 BA.2.86 Omicron subvariant was first detected in wastewater in Sweden in week 31 2023, using 21 highly specific markers from the 50 investigated. We report BA.2.86’s introduction and subsequent spread to all 14 regions performing wastewater sampling, and on 70 confirmed COVID-19 cases, along with the emergence of sublineages JN.1 and JN.2. Further, we investigated two novel mutations defining the unique BA.2.86 branching in Sweden. Our integrated approach enabled variant tracking, offering evidence for well-informed public health interventions.
Rebound in community antibiotic consumption after the observed decrease during the COVID-19 pandemic, EU/EEA, 2022
Authors: Cèlia Ventura-Gabarró, Vivian H Leung, Vera Vlahović-Palčevski, Anna Machowska, Dominique L Monnet, Liselotte Diaz Högberg
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2023)

We observed a rebound in consumption of antibacterials for systemic use (ATC J01) in the community sector in the European Union/European Economic Area during 2021 and 2022, after an observed decrease between 2019 and 2020. The rates in 2022 returned to pre-COVID-19-pandemic levels and were exceeded in 13 countries. Although these patterns could partly be a result of changes in disease transmission during the study period, it could also reflect a lost opportunity to strengthen and reinforce prudent antibiotic use.
NOX2 Enzyme Mimicking Nano‐Networks Regulate Tumor‐Associated Macrophages to Initiate Both Innate and Adaptive Immune Effects
Authors: Tingting Zhang, Weimin Yin, Yuge Zhao, Li Huang, Jingjing Gu, Jie Zang, Xiao Zheng, Jiao Chang, Jiuyuan Sun, Haiqing Dong, Yongyong Li, Yan Li
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Abstract Macrophages, capable of both direct killing and antigen presentation, are crucial for the interplay between innate and adaptive immunity. However, strategies mainly focus on polarizing tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) to M1 phenotype, while overlooking the inefficient antigen cross‐presentation due to hyperactive hydrolytic protease within lysosomes which leads to antigen degradation. In light of the significant influence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on TAMs' polarization and the inhibition of phagosomal proteolysis, a novel nanosystem termed OVA‐Fe‐GA (OFG) is engineered, drawing inspiration from the NOX2 enzyme's role. OFG integrates ovalbumin (OVA) and a network composed of Fe‐gallic acid (GA), emulating the NOX2 enzyme's sequential ROS generation process (“O 2 to O 2 •− to H 2 O 2 /•OH”). Furthermore, it elucidates a biological mechanism that augments antigen cross‐presentation by suppressing the expression of cysteine proteases. OFG restores the innate anti‐tumor functionality of TAMs and significantly amplifies their antigen cross‐presentation (4.5‐fold compared to the PBS control group) in B16‐OVA tumor‐bearing mice. Notably, the infiltration and activity of intratumoral CD8 + T cells are enhanced, indicating an adaptive immune response. Moreover, OFG exhibits excellent photothermal properties, thereby fostering a system antitumor immune response. This study provides a promising strategy for initiating both innate and adaptive immunity via TAMs activation.
Erratum to “Deletion of protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 restores SUMOylation of podocin and reverses the progression of diabetic kidney disease.” Kidney Int. 2023;104:787–802
Authors: Farah Lizotte, Marina Rousseau, Benoit Denhez, Dominique Lévesque, Andréanne Guay, HongBo Liu, Julie Moreau, Sarah Higgins, Robert Sabbagh, Katalin Susztak, François-Michel Boisvert, Anne Marie Côté, Pedro Geraldes
Journal: Kidney International (2023)

DOI of original article: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kint.2023.06.038 It was discovered that the XML version of the above article contained errors in the graphical abstract that were not the fault of the authors. The Publisher decided to "resupply" (repost and replace) the XML version of the article. Elsevier regrets and apologizes for any inconvenience caused by posting a new version of this article online but hopes that the reader will understand the reasons for doing so. Deletion of protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 restores SUMOylation of podocin and reverses the progression of diabetic kidney diseaseKidney InternationalVol. 104Issue 4PreviewBoth clinical and experimental data suggest that podocyte injury is involved in the onset and progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Although the mechanisms underlying the development of podocyte loss are not completely understood, critical structural proteins such as podocin play a major role in podocyte survival and function. We have reported that the protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 expression increased in podocytes of diabetic mice and glomeruli of patients with diabetes. However, the in vivo contribution of SHP-1 in podocytes is unknown. Full-Text PDF Open Access
Valacyclovir-associated acute kidney injury
Authors: Kento Fukumitsu, Kiichiro Fujisaki, Kazuki Yokoi, Yoshihiro Oishi
Journal: Kidney International (2023)

A 90-year-old woman presented with grouped vesicular lesions with crusts on the left half of the face, and she was diagnosed with herpes zoster. She was received 3000 mg/d valacyclovir at a dermatology clinic near her home. Her medical history included hypertension, ischemic heart disease, pulmonary tuberculosis, and dementia. She was not prescribed nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. She developed anuria and coma after 2 days of valacyclovir administration. Valacyclovir was discontinued and replaced with amenamevir, but her clinical findings did not improve. She was admitted to our hospital 3 days after the initial dose. At the time of admission, her blood pressure was 175/107 mm Hg, she was anuric and comatose, and she had ongoing seizure-like activity. Her serum creatinine level increased from 1.0 to 4.7 mg/dl. The results of cerebrospinal fluid analysis and head computed tomography were unremarkable. Polymerase chain reaction was not performed. Microscopic analysis of the urine revealed birefringent needle-shaped crystals (Figure 1a and b ). The concentrations of acyclovir on admission were high (urine, >53.6 μg/ml; serum, 13.3 μg/ml), and she was diagnosed with acute kidney injury attributable to crystalluria and acyclovir-related encephalopathy associated with valacyclovir administration. We discontinued valacyclovir and continued conservative treatment. Her serum creatinine level recovered to 0.8 mg/dl, and her neurologic status improved to its previous level. Valacyclovir is a prodrug and is rapidly converted to acyclovir in the body, and it has higher bioavailability when taken orally compared with acyclovir. Acyclovir-induced acute kidney injury is believed to occur when precipitated acyclovir crystals obstruct the renal tubules. Care regarding dosing is required when administering valacyclovir to elderly patients. When overdose of valacyclovir is suspected, examination of the urinary sediment findings is important in making a diagnosis and determining the course of treatment. All the authors declared no competing interests. All authors provided clinical care for the patient and drafted, edited, and approved the final version of the manuscript. The authors thank Joe Barber, Jr., PhD, from Edanz (https://jp.edanz.com/ac), for editing a draft of this manuscript and Dr. Hidenobu Matsumoto for revising the figure. Written consent for publication was obtained from the patient's surety.
Photothermally Enhanced Cascaded Nanozyme‐Functionalized Black Phosphorus Nanosheets for Targeted Treatment of Infected Diabetic Wounds
Authors: Chunping Wen, Yan Zhang, Luogen Lai, Xuan Zhang, Yijun Liu, Qiuyan Guo, Rujue Peng, Yating Gao, Xufei Zhang, Yan He, Shan Xu, Dan Qiao, Pengwu Zheng, Qingshan Pan, Wufu Zhu
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Abstract Due to the limitations of H 2 O 2 under physiological conditions and defective activity, nanozyme‐catalyzed therapy for infected diabetic wound healing is still a huge challenge. Here, this work designs a novel multifunctional hybrid glucose oxidase (GOx)–CeO 2 @black phosphorus (BP)/Apt nanosheet that features GOx and CeO 2 dual enzyme loading with photothermal enhancement effect and targeting ability for the treatment of infected wounds in type II diabetic mice. Combined with the photothermal properties of the BP nanosheets, the cascade nanozyme effect of GOx and CeO 2 is extremely enhanced. The synergistic effect of peroxidase activity and photothermal therapy with targeting aptamer allows for overcoming the catalytic defects of nanozyme and significantly improving in vitro bacterial inhibition rate with 99.9% and 97.8% for Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli , respectively, as well as enhancing in vivo antibacterial performance with the lowest wound remained (0.05%), reduction of infiltration inflammatory cells, and excellent biocompatibility. Overall, this work builds a nanodelivery system with a powerful therapeutic approach, incorporating self‐supplying H 2 O 2 synergistic photothermal and real‐time wound monitoring effect, which holds profound potential as a clinical treatment for infected diabetic wounds.
Green gastroenterology adaptation, resilience and an industry perspective
Authors: Cassandra Thiel, Emma Pak, Rainer Burkard, Harald Huber
Journal: Gut (2023)

We are living in unprecedented timesextreme weather conditions are becoming increasingly common, and greenhouse gas emissions have reached staggering levels.We are in a climate crisis, and it is up to every government, institution, industry and individual to act now.Climate change poses a serious threat to the healthcare industry, threatening facility closures, supply chain disruptions and the rapid spreading of diseases and traumatic events, 1-3 as seen in 2012, when Atlantic Hurricane Sandy impacted eight countries including the eastern USA (particularly the states of New York and New Jersey).New York University Langone Health and its backup generators flooded, forcing patient evacuations to other regional hospitals.Despite rebuilding its infrastructure by elevating its backup generators, installing a cogeneration facility to produce electricity and steam onsite, and installing submarine doors to handle future surges, the sector was relatively unprepared for the severe COVID-19 supply chain shortages. 4 The healthcare sector is responsible for 4.4% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and produces substantial waste, 5 contributing to the increased frequency of environmental disasters. 3Working towards greater safety and optimal patient outcomes should not come at the cost of the planet's health. 6As healthcare systems begin mitigating emissions, they must also adapt to climate change and enhance resilience.While climate change is a global crisis, stakeholders are already considering how climateresilient health systems can become the new
Climate change, paediatric health and ways that digestive health professionals can engage
Authors: Rebecca Philipsborn, Madhumitha Manivannan, Todd L Sack
Journal: Gut (2023)

health professionals can contribute to everyone's future by addressing the existential threats posed by climate change (CC) in our practices, our professional societies and our communities.In this commentary, we introduce the implications of CC for children and adolescents, and provide ways that all physicians, nurses, trainees and managers, whether caring for children or adults, can add CC advocacy to their professional and personal lives.
Adeno‐Associated Virus Type 5 Infection via <scp>PDGFRα</scp> Is Associated With Interstitial Lung Disease in Systemic Sclerosis and Generates Composite Peptides and Epitopes Recognized by the Agonistic Immunoglobulins Present in Patients With Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Gianluca Moroncini, Silvia Svegliati, Antonella Grieco, Massimiliano Cuccioloni, Matteo Mozzicafreddo, Chiara Paolini, Silvia Agarbati, Tatiana Spadoni, Angela Amoresano, Gabriella Pinto, Qingxin Chen, Devis Benfaremo, Cecilia Tonnini, Martina Senzacqua, Silvia Alizzi, Karen Nieto, Doreen Finke, Nadia Viola, Donatella Amico, Mario Galgani, Stefano Gasparini, Lina Zuccatosta, Stefano Menzo, Martin Müller, Jürgen Kleinschmidt, Ada Funaro, Antonio Giordano, Antonio La Cava, Peter Dorfmüller, Antonio Amoroso, Piero Pucci, Antonio Pezone, Enrico V. Avvedimento, Armando Gabrielli
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2023)

The etiopathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSc) is unknown. Platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFRs) are overexpressed in patients with SSc. Because PDGFRα is targeted by the adeno-associated virus type 5 (AAV5), we investigated whether AAV5 forms a complex with PDGFRα exposing epitopes that may induce the immune responses to the virus-PDGFRα complex.
Sex Differences in the Effectiveness of First‐Line Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors in Psoriatic Arthritis: Results From the European Spondyloarthritis Research Collaboration Network
Authors: Pasoon Hellamand, Marleen G. H. van de Sande, Lykke M. Ørnbjerg, Thomas Klausch, Kari K. Eklund, Heikki Relas, Maria J. Santos, Elsa Vieira‐Sousa, Anne G. Loft, Bente Glintborg, Mikkel Østergaard, Ulf Lindström, Johan K. Wallman, Brigitte Michelsen, Karen M. Fagerli, Isabel Castrejón, Bjorn Gudbjornsson, Thorvardur J. Love, Jiří Vencovský, Lucie Nekvindová, Žiga Rotar, Matija Tomšič, Federico Díaz‐González, Gökçe Kenar, Handan Y. Tuğsal, Florenzo Iannone, Roberta Ramonda, Catalin Codreanu, Corina Mogosan, Michael J. Nissen, Burkhard Möller, Merete L. Hetland, Irene E. van der Horst‐Bruinsma
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2023)

Objective Women with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) may have reduced tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) effectiveness compared to men. We examined sex differences in treatment response and retention rates during 24 months of follow‐up among patients with PsA initiating their first TNFi. Methods Data from patients with PsA across 13 European Spondyloarthritis Research Collaboration Network registries starting their first TNFi were pooled. Logistic regression was used to analyze the association between sex and treatment response using low disease activity (LDA) according to the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints using the C‐reactive protein level (DAS28‐CRP) (&lt;3.2) at six months as the primary outcome. Analyses were adjusted for age, country, conventional synthetic disease‐modifying antirheumatic drug treatment, and TNFi start year. Retention rates were explored using the Kaplan–Meier estimator. Results We analyzed the treatment response of 7,679 patients with PsA (50% women) with available data on LDA at six months. At baseline, women and men had similar characteristics, including mean DAS28‐CRP (women vs men, 4.4 [SD 1.2] vs 4.2 [SD 1.2]), though patient‐reported outcome measures were worse in women. At six months, 64% of women and 78% of men had LDA (relative risk [RR] 0.82; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.80–0.84). This difference was similar after adjustment (RR 0.83; 95% CI 0.81–0.85). TNFi retention rates were evaluated in 17,842 patients with PsA. Women had significantly lower retention rates than men at all time points (women 79%, 64%, and 50% vs men 88%, 77%, and 64% at 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively). Conclusion Despite comparable disease characteristics at baseline, women with PsA have reduced treatment response and retention rates to their first TNFi, highlighting the need to consider sex differences in PsA research and management.
Expert Perspective on a Clinical Challenge: Lupus and Pregnancy
Authors: Laura Tarter, Bonnie L. Bermas
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2023)

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a multiorgan systemic inflammatory disorder, predominantly affects women during their reproductive years. In this review, we summarize the state of knowledge about preconception planning and management of SLE during pregnancy. Achieving remission or low disease activity for several months on medications compatible with pregnancy prior to conception is essential to decreasing the risk of disease flare and improving pregnancy outcomes, including pre-eclampsia, preterm birth, and intrauterine growth restriction. With close management and well-controlled disease before and during pregnancy, <10% of patients flare. All patients with SLE should remain on hydroxychloroquine unless contraindicated. Expectant mothers with a history of antiphospholipid syndrome should be treated with anticoagulant therapy during pregnancy. Women with anti-Ro/SSA or anti-La/SSB antibodies require additional monitoring because their offspring are at increased risk for congenital heart block. Patients with SLE should be offered low-dose aspirin starting at the end of the first trimester to reduce the risk of pre-eclampsia. Flares of SLE during pregnancy require escalation of therapy. The immunosuppressives azathioprine, tacrolimus, and cyclosporine are compatible with pregnancy, and biologic agents can also be considered. Glucocorticoid use in pregnancy should be limited to the lowest effective dose. Mycophenolate mofetil/mycophenolic acid, methotrexate, leflunomide, and cyclophosphamide are known to be teratogenic and are contraindicated in pregnancy. Distinguishing a flare of lupus nephritis during pregnancy from pre-eclampsia can be particularly challenging. Overall, outcomes in pregnancy for women with lupus are improving, but gaps in knowledge about optimal management strategies persist.
Characterizing the Neurobiological Mechanisms of Action of Exercise and Cognitive–Behavioral Interventions for Rheumatoid Arthritis Fatigue: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Brain Study
Authors: Amir Dehsarvi, Salim Al‐Wasity, Kristian Stefanov, Stewart J. Wiseman, Stuart H. Ralston, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Richard Emsley, Eva‐Maria Bachmair, Jonathan Cavanagh, Gordon D. Waiter, Neil Basu
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2023)

Chronic fatigue is a major clinical unmet need among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Current therapies are limited to nonpharmacological interventions, such as personalized exercise programs (PEPs) and cognitive-behavioral approaches (CBAs); however, most patients still continue to report severe fatigue. To inform more effective therapies, we conducted a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain study of PEPs and CBAs, nested within a randomized controlled trial (RCT), to identify their neurobiological mechanisms of fatigue reduction in RA.
Phytic Acid‐Promoted Exfoliation of Black Phosphorus Nanosheets for the Fabrication of Photothermal Antibacterial Coatings
Authors: Ziyi Wu, Tao Huang, Gnanasekar Sathishkumar, Xiaodong He, Huajun Wu, Kai Zhang, Xi Rao, En‐Tang Kang, Liqun Xu
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Medical device-associated infections (MDAI) caused by planktonic pathogens are of serious concern worldwide due to the emergence of drug resistance resulting from continuous overuse or misuse of antibiotics. Therefore, the design of non-antibiotics-based treatment for MDAI is of crucial importance. Black phosphorus (BP), a novel 2D material, has recently received much attention owing to its remarkable physical, chemical, mechanical, and functional features. However, the intricacy of the fabrication process has severely hampered the development of BP in prospective applications. In this study, a simple and eco-friendly liquid-phase exfoliation method of phytic acid (PA)-promoted exfoliation of BP nanosheets (PA@BP NSs) is developed for their potential application in antibacterial photothermal therapy. To impart the antimicrobial effects, the polydimethylsiloxane surfaces are functionalized with quaternized polymer (polyquaternium-2 or PQ) and PA@BP NSs, leading to the formation of PA-BP-PQ composite coatings. In addition to the contact-killing antibacterial effect of the cationic PQ, the PA-BP-PQ coating exhibits remarkable near-infrared irradiation-triggered bactericidal effects with low cytotoxicity both in vitro and in vivo. This study proposes a simple liquid-phase exfoliation technique for the fabrication of BP NSs and a one-step approach for the construction of PA-BP-PQ composite coatings for bi-modal (contact-killing and photothermal) antimicrobial therapy.
Bredigite‐Based Bioactive Nerve Guidance Conduit for Pro‐Healing Macrophage Polarization and Peripheral Nerve Regeneration
Authors: Yaowei Xuan, Lin Li, Xuelai Yin, Dongming He, Siyao Li, Chenping Zhang, Yuan Yin, Wanlin Xu, Zhen Zhang
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Structural and functional healing of peripheral nerves damaged by trauma or chronic disease remain major clinical challenges, requiring the development of an effective nerve guidance conduit (NGC). The present study investigates a NGC fabrication strategy based on bredigite (BRT, Ca
Autoimmune lymphoproliferative immunodeficiencies (ALPIDs): A proposed approach to redefining ALPS and other lymphoproliferative immune disorders
Authors: Aude Magerus, Anne Rensing-Ehl, V. Koneti Rao, David T. Teachey, Frederic Rieux-Laucat, Stephan Ehl
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2023)
Pax protein depletion in proximal tubules triggers conserved mechanisms of resistance to acute ischemic kidney injury preventing transition to chronic kidney disease
Authors: Jeffrey A. Beamish, Asha C. Telang, Madison C. McElliott, Anas Al-Suraimi, Mahboob Chowdhury, Jenna T. Ference-Salo, Edgar A. Otto, Rajasree Menon, Abdul Soofi, Joel M. Weinberg, Sanjeevkumar R. Patel, Gregory R. Dressler
Journal: Kidney International (2023)
Circular mRNA-based TCR-T offers a safe and effective therapeutic strategy for treatment of cytomegalovirus infection
Authors: Lianghua Shen, Jiali Yang, Chijian Zuo, Jian Xu, Ling Ma, Qiaomei He, Xiao Zhou, Xiaodan Ding, Lixiang Wei, Suqin Jiang, Luanluan Ma, Benjia Zhang, Yuqin Yang, Baoxia Dong, Liping Wan, Xueying Ding, Ming Zhu, Zhenhua Sun, Pengran Wang, Xianmin Song, Yan Zhang
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2023)
Microfluidic Encapsulation of Exosomes Derived from Lipopolysaccharide‐Treated Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Hyaluronic Acid Methacryloyl to Restore Ovarian Function in Mice
Authors: Yifan Li, Hui Zhang, Changjun Cai, Jialian Mao, Ning Li, Danqing Huang, Shiyuan Li, Jun Yang, Jidong Zhou, Huan Wang, Yujuan Zhu, Lijun Ding, Haixiang Sun
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Premature ovarian failure (POF) features an upward incidence nowadays, and the human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs)-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) have shown applied values in the recovery of ovarian function. Here, a novel exosome-encapsulated microcarrier prepared by microfluidic technology for ovarian repair after chemotherapy damage is presented. The exosomes derived from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-preconditioned hUC-MSCs are encapsulated with hyaluronic acid methacryloyl (HAMA) via microfluidic electrospray, which is named HAMA/MSC-Exos. Attributing to the biocompatibility and semipermeable property of HAMA, the encapsulated exosomes show great viability and controllable release behavior from HAMA. It is demonstrated that in situ transplantation of HAMA/MSC-Exos can rescue ovarian functions of cyclophosphamide-induced ovarian failure in mice by increasing ovarian volume, improving the number of antral follicles and restoring fertility. It is believed that the transplantation of HAMA/MSC-Exos will provide a new concept for the treatment of POF in clinical practice.
Women in STEM becoming independent: Science thrives on diverse perspectives
Authors: Lucie Van Emmenis
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2023)

In this Viewpoint, we hear from a cross section of women, across multiple research fields, discussing their science and the process of setting up a lab as an independent researcher. As well as being able to celebrate the positives of becoming an independent researcher, we would also like to use this platform to discuss the unique challenges they face as women scientists in their respective scientific environments.