tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Association of Prior Intracerebral Hemorrhage With Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events
Authors: David Gaist, Stine Munk Hald, Luis Alberto García Rodríguez, Anne Clausen, Sören Möller, Jesper Hallas, Rustam Al-Shahi Salman
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

Importance Patients with stroke due to nontraumatic (spontaneous) intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) often harbor vascular risk factors and comorbidities, but it is unclear which major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) occur more frequently among patients with a prior ICH than the general population. Objective To evaluate the risk of a MACE for patients with a prior ICH compared with the general population. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study identified 8991 patients with a first ICH in the Danish Stroke Registry from January 1, 2005, to June 30, 2018, who were aged 45 years or older and survived more than 30 days after an ICH. Patients in this ICH cohort were matched 1:40 on age, sex, and ICH-onset date with a comparison cohort of 359 185 individuals from the general population without a prior ICH. Both cohorts were followed up for 6 months or more until December 31, 2018, for outcomes using registry data. Data were analyzed from October 1, 2021, to July 19, 2022. Exposures Intracerebral hemorrhage identified by a nationwide clinical database. Main Outcomes and Measures The main outcomes were ICH, ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, and a composite of MACEs. For each outcome, a case-control study nested within the cohorts was also performed, adjusting for time-varying exposures and potential confounders. Crude absolute event rates per 100 person-years, adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% CIs and, in the nested case-control analyses, crude and adjusted odds ratios and 95% CIs were calculated. Results The ICH cohort (n = 8991; 4814 men [53.5%]; mean [SD] age, 70.7 [11.5] years) had higher event rates than the comparison cohort (n = 359 185; 192 256 men [53.5%]; mean [SD] age, 70.7 [11.5] years) for MACEs (4.16 [95% CI, 3.96-4.37] per 100 person-years vs 1.35 [95% CI, 1.33-1.36] per 100 person-years; aHR, 3.13 [95% CI, 2.97-3.30]), ischemic stroke (1.52 [95% CI, 1.40-1.65] per 100 person-years vs 0.56 [95% CI, 0.55-0.57] per 100 person-years; aHR, 2.64 [95% CI, 2.43-2.88]), and ICH (1.44 [95% CI, 1.32-1.56] per 100 person-years vs 0.06 [95% CI, 0.06-0.07] per 100 person-years; aHR, 23.49 [95% CI, 21.12-26.13]) but not myocardial infarction (0.52 [95% CI, 0.45-0.60] per 100 person-years vs 0.48 [95% CI, 0.47-0.49] per 100 person-years; aHR, 1.12 [95% CI, 0.97-1.29]). Nested case-control analyses returned risk estimates of similar magnitude as the cohort analyses. Conclusions and Relevance The findings of this cohort study suggest that Danish patients with a prior ICH had statistically significantly higher rates of MACEs than the general population, indicating a need for attention to optimal secondary prevention with blood pressure lowering and antithrombotic and statin therapies after an ICH in clinical research and practice.
Improvement of TNBC immune checkpoint blockade with a microwave-controlled ozone release nanosystem
Authors: Linlin Song, Dan Zheng, Jinshun Xu, Tianyue Xu, Zhihui Liu, Huan Zhang, Yi Li, Yulan Peng, Hubing Shi
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2022)

Despite revolutionary achievements have been made in clinical cancer therapy, the immune checkpoint blockade regimen still presents limited efficacy on tumors lack of neoantigens exposure. Here, we designed and synthesized an on-demand microwave-controlled ozone release nanosystem to specifically generate reactive oxygen species in tumor mass. By taking advantage of iRGD modification, the synthesized nanosystem can be specifically enriched in the tumor microenvironment and subsequently internalized by tumor cells. Triggered by the low-power microwave, ozone was released from the nanocarriers and inhibited tumor cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Molecular mechanism investigation further unraveled that the released-ozone induced cytolytic cell death through the rapid generation of reactive oxygen species such as hydroxyl radical. The tumor-specific neoantigen derived from this immunogenic cell death promoted cytotoxic T-lymphocytes infiltration, which provided a fundament for immune checkpoint blockade therapy. In the triple-negative breast cancer animal model, tumor-specific delivery of ozone significantly improved the systematical anti-tumor efficacy of the PD-1 blockade antibody. Notably, tumor-locally confined microwave-controlled release avoided systematic toxicity in the tested animals. Collectively, our nanosystem provides a novel controllable strategy for promoting immune checkpoint blockade therapy, especially in tumor types deficient in infiltrated T-lymphocytes.
Cost-effectiveness of Aducanumab and Donanemab for Early Alzheimer Disease—Estimating the True Value
Authors: Soeren Mattke
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
The Hidden Factors Associated With Poor Health Outcomes
Authors: Thomas E. Dobbs, April P. Carson
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

Nico Dragano, PhD; Olga Dortmann, Dipl; Jörg Timm, MD; Matthias Mohrmann, Dipl; Rosemarie Wehner, Dipl; Christoph J. Rupprecht, Dipl; Maria Scheider, MS; Ertan Mayatepek, MD; Morten Wahrendorf, PhD
High-dimensional Single-cell Analysis Delineates Peripheral Immune Signature of Coronary Atherosclerosis in Human Blood
Authors: Lin Fan, Junwei Liu, Yang Zhang, Chenyun Zhang, Beisheng Shi, Xinyang Hu, Wei Chen, Weiwei Yin, Jian'an Wang
Journal: Theranostics (2022)

Rationale: Pathogenesis of human coronary atherosclerosis is tightly associated with the imbalance of inflammation and resolution in the local immune microenvironment of AS plaques.However, how the peripheral immune system dynamically changes along with disease progression in humans remains unclear.As a result, the minimally-invasive clinical biomarkers that can sensitively distinguish different stages of human coronary atherosclerosis are still lacking.Methods: We performed single-cell Cytometry by Time-Of-Flight (CyTOF) analyses to comprehensively profile the compositions and phenotypes of CD45 + cells derived from 83 human peripheral blood samples with two independent antibody-staining panels (T cell panel and myeloid cell panel).Clinical associations between the frequencies of peripheral immune cell subsets with AS plaque burdens of coronary arteries (Gensini score) and serum lipids were also examined.By integrating immune and clinical features, we established novel CVD risk prediction models to stratify patients in different disease stages.Results: We revealed the disease stage-associated peripheral immune features for patients with coronary atherosclerosis (CAS) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), and also identified the specific peripheral immune cell subsets that were tightly associated with the disease severity of coronary arteries (Gensini score).By integrating these peripheral immune signatures with clinical features, we have established a disease progression prediction (DPP) model that could precisely discriminate CAS patients from ASCVD patients with high prediction accuracy (ROC-AUC = 0.88). Conclusion:The progression of coronary atherosclerosis is accompanied by significant alterations of the peripheral immune system, including the changes in the distributions as well as phenotypic functions of specific immune cell subsets.The indicated stage-specific peripheral immune signatures thus become promising minimally-invasive liquid biomarkers that could help to potentially diagnose and monitor the CVD progression in humans.
Efficacy and safety of food allergy oral immunotherapy in adults
Authors: Na’ama Epstein‐Rigbi, Michael B. Levy, Liat Nachshon, Yael Koren, Yitzhak Katz, Michael R. Goldberg, Arnon Elizur
Journal: Allergy (2022)

Oral immunotherapy (OIT) is an emerging method for treating food allergy in children. However, data regarding adults undergoing this process are lacking.We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of patients with food allergy aged ≥17 years who completed OIT treatment between April 2010 and December 2020 at Shamir Medical Center. Data were compared with that of children aged 4 to <11 years and adolescents aged ≥11 to 17 treated during the same time period.A total of 96 adults at a median age of 22.3 years who underwent OIT for milk (n = 53), peanut (n = 18), sesame (n = 7), egg (n = 5), and tree nuts (n = 13) were analyzed and compared with 1299 children and 309 adolescents. Adults experienced more adverse reactions requiring injectable epinephrine, both during in-clinic up-dosing (49% vs. 15.9% and 26.5% for children and adolescents, respectively, p < 0.0001) and during home treatment (22.9% vs. 12.4%, p = 0.007 for children, and 17.5%, p = 0.23 for adolescents). Most adults (61.5%) were fully desensitized, but the rates of full desensitization were significantly lower than children (73.4%, p = 0.013). Significantly more adults (28.3%) undergoing milk OIT failed treatment than children (14.3%, p = 0.015) and adolescents (14.1%, p = 0.022), while failure rates in adults undergoing OIT for other foods were low (9.3%) and comparable with children and adolescents.OIT is successful in desensitizing most adults with IgE-mediated food allergy. Adults undergoing milk OIT are at increased risk for severe reactions and for OIT failure while failure rates in adults undergoing OIT for other foods are low.
Clarifying Associations of Individual Factors With Medical School Attrition—Reply
Authors: Mytien Nguyen, Mayur M. Desai, Dowin Boatright
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Error in the Funding/Support Section
Authors: Laszlo Littmann
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2022)

Helena J. Teede, MBBS, PhD; Cate Bailey, MSci, PhD; Lisa J. Moran, BSci, BND, PhD; Mahnaz Bahri Khomami, BMID, MMID, PhD; Joanne Enticott, BSci, MSci, PhD; Sanjeeva Ranasinha, BSci, MEpi; Ewelina Rogozińska, MSci, PhD; Helen Skouteris, BA, PhD; Jacqueline A. Boyle, MBBS, PhD; Shakila Thangaratinam, MBBS, PhD; Cheryce L. Harrison, BBNSc, PhD
Wearable Surface‐Lighting Micro‐Light‐Emitting Diode Patch for Melanogenesis Inhibition
Authors: Jae Hee Lee, Yuri Ahn, Han Eol Lee, You Na Jang, A. Yeon Park, Shinho Kim, Young Hoon Jung, Sang Hyun Sung, Jung Ho Shin, Seung Hyung Lee, Sang Hyun Park, Ki Soo Kim, Min Seok Jang, Beom Joon Kim, Sang Ho Oh, Keon Jae Lee
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2022)

Abstract Wearable light‐emitting diode (LED)‐based phototherapeutic devices have recently attracted attention as skin care tools for wrinkles, acne, and hyperpigmentation. However, the therapeutic effectiveness and safety of LED stimulators are still controversial due to their inefficient light transfer, high heat generation, and non‐uniform spot irradiation. Here, a wearable surface‐lighting micro‐LED (SµLED) photostimulator is reported for skin care and cosmetic applications. The SµLEDs, consisting of a light diffusion layer (LDL), 900 thin film µLEDs, and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), achieve uniform surface‐lighting in 2 × 2 cm 2 ‐sized area with 100% emission yields. The SµLEDs maximize photostimulation effectiveness on the skin surface by uniform irradiation, high flexibility, and thermal stability. The SµLED's effect on melanogenesis inhibition is evaluated via in vitro and in vivo experiments to human skin equivalents (HSEs) and mouse dorsal skin, respectively. The anti‐melanogenic effect of SµLEDs is confirmed by significantly reduced levels of melanin contents, melan‐A, tyrosinase, and microphthalmia‐associated transcription factor (MITF), compared to a conventional LED (CLED) stimulator.
Effectiveness—Essential for Cost-effectiveness—Reply
Authors: Eric L. Ross, Marc S. Weinberg, Steven E. Arnold
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2022)

In Reply We thank Cliff, Kelkar, and Mattke for their thoughtful comments.1 Cliff and Kelkar identify many reasons to question the efficacy of aducanumab and donanemab. We find their specific points convincing and agree that neither drug has demonstrated its efficacy reliably.
Anesthesia Care for Cataract Surgery in Medicare Beneficiaries
Authors: Dhivya Perumal, R. Adams Dudley, Siqi Gan, W. John Boscardin, Aditya Gill, Adrian W. Gelb, Sei J. Lee, Catherine L. Chen
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2022)

Cataract surgery in the US is routinely performed with anesthesia care, whereas anesthesia care for other elective, low-risk, outpatient procedures is applied more selectively.
MnCO<sub>3</sub>-mineralized polydopamine nanoparticles as an activatable theranostic agent for dual-modality imaging-guided photothermal therapy of cancers
Authors: Kyung Kwan Lee, Jae-Hyung Lee, Sang Cheon Lee, Chang-Soo Lee
Journal: Theranostics (2022)

Background: Single imaging modality is still insufficient to evaluate the biological and anatomical structures of tumors with high accuracy and reliability.Generation of non-specific contrast, leading to a low target-to-background signal ratio, results in low imaging resolution and accuracy.Tumor environment-specific activatable multifunctional contrast agents need to maximize the contrast signals, representing a dual imaging-guided photothermal therapy (PTT) at target tumor sites.Methods: Cellular uptake, cytotoxicity assay, and in vitro photothermal conversion efficiency of MnCO3-mineralized fluorescent polydopamine nanoparticles (MnCO3-FPNPs) were evaluated using 4T1 breast cancer cells.In vivo dual-modality imaging was performed using IVIS imaging and a 4.7 T animal MRI systems after injection into 4T1 tumor-bearing nude mice.The effects of photothermal therapeutic through PTT were measured after irradiation with an 808 nm laser (1.5 W/cm 2 ) for 10 min, measuring the size of the tumors every 2 days.Results: At physiological pH (7.4), MnCO3-FPNP is efficiently quenched.Conversely, at acidic pH (5.4), the strong fluorescence (FL) is recovered due to the dissociation of Mn 2+ from the FPNPs.At pH 7.4, MnCO3-FPNP activity is silenced to enhance water proton relaxation due to unionized MnCO3 maintenance; conversely, at acidic pH (5.4), MnCO3-FPNPs efficiently release Mn 2+ ions, thereby resulting in T1-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) contrast enhancement.MnCO3-FPNPs display a promising diagnostic ability for 4T1 breast cancer xenograft models, as well as exhibit a high photothermal conversion efficiency.A successful tumor treatment via their photothermal activity is accomplished within 14 days.Conclusions: Our studies exhibited unique "OFF-ON" activation abilities in FL/MR dual imaging and PTT functions.This approach suggests that the MnCO3-FPNPs may serve as a useful platform for various mineralization-based multimodal imaging-guided PTT models for many cancer theranostic applications.
Recent advances and future prospects of the potential-resolved strategy in ratiometric, multiplex, and multicolor electrochemiluminescence analysis
Authors: Shijun Wang, Shu Zhu, Ziqi Kang, Yidan Chen, Xiancheng Liu, Zixin Deng, Kun Hu, Guixue Wang, Yuchan Zhang, Guangchao Zang
Journal: Theranostics (2022)

The potential-resolved strategy has gradually demonstrated its distinct values in electrochemiluminescence (ECL) bio-sensing due to its superior characteristics, such as low instrument requirement, short assay time, and improved sample throughput, in conjunction with spatial-and spectrum-resolved techniques.It has recently been widely generalized into versatile multiple-signal ECL analytic platforms, especially in ratiometric and multiplex ECL sensors, in accordance with some specific principles.Furthermore, luminophore pairs with potential-and wavelength-resolved properties have been utilized to visualize biosensors that display multiple colors depending on analyte concentration.However, only a few comprehensive reports on the principles, construction, and application of various ECL sensors in potential-resolved schemes have been published.This review aims to recount the potential-resolved strategy applying to (a) ratiometric ECL sensors, (b) multiplex ECL sensors, and (c) multicolor ECL sensors and to discuss the distinctions and connections among the application principles of these strategies.Finally, the future prospects of ECL-based potential-resolved analysis are explored.
Diffuse Cortical Injury and Basal Ganglia High Signals on Diffusion-Weighted Imaging in Neuronal Intranuclear Inclusion Disease
Authors: Xuejun Guo, Zhaoxia Wang, Fan Li
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2022)

This case report describes a patient who was admitted to the hospital owing to sudden-onset involuntary and irregular movements of his left limbs.
FGFR mRNA Expression in Cholangiocarcinoma and Its Correlation with <i>FGFR2</i> Fusion Status and Immune Signatures
Authors: Vishwajith Sridharan, Azfar Neyaz, Abhijit Chogule, Islam Baiev, Stephanie Reyes, Emily G. Barr Fritcher, Jochen K. Lennerz, William Sukov, Benjamin Kipp, David T. Ting, Vikram Deshpande, Lipika Goyal
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2022)

Abstract Purpose: Selective FGFR inhibitors are effective against cholangiocarcinomas that harbor gene alterations in FGFR2. Clinical trials suggest that expression of wild-type FGFR mRNA can predict sensitivity to FGFR inhibitors, but this biomarker has not been well characterized in cholangiocarcinoma. This study explores the prevalence of FGFR mRNA overexpression in cholangiocarcinoma, its role in predicting sensitivity to FGFR inhibitors, and its association with immune markers. Experimental Design: Tissue microarrays of intrahepatic (ICC) and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas (ECC) resected between 2004 and 2015 were used to evaluate FGFR1–4 mRNA expression levels by RNA in situ hybridization (ISH). Expression levels of FGFR2 mRNA were correlated with FGFR2 fusion status and with patient outcomes. Immune markers expression was assessed by IHC and CSF1 and CSF1 receptor expression were examined by RNA ISH. Results: Among 94 patients with resected cholangiocarcinoma, the majority had ICC (77%). FGFR2 fusions were identified in 23% of ICCs and 5% of ECCs. High levels of FGFR mRNA in FGFR2 fusion–negative ICC/ECC were seen for: FGFR1 (ICC/ECC: 15%/0%), FGFR2 (ICC/ECC: 57%/0%), FGFR3 (ICC/ECC: 53%/18%), and FGFR4 (ICC/ECC: 32%/0%). Overall, 62% of fusion-negative cholangiocarcinomas showed high levels of FGFR mRNA. In patients with advanced FGFR2 fusion–positive ICC, high levels of FGFR2 mRNA did not correlate with clinical benefit. FGFR2 fusion–positive tumors showed a paucity of PD-L1 on tumor cells. Conclusions: FGFR mRNA overexpression occurs frequently in cholangiocarcinoma in the absence of genetic alterations in FGFR. This study identifies a molecular subpopulation in cholangiocarcinoma for which further investigation of FGFR inhibitors is merited outside currently approved indications.
Vascular calcification maladaptively participates in acute phosphate homeostasis
Authors: Mandy E Turner, Tyler S Rowsell, Austin P Lansing, Paul S Jeronimo, Lok Hang Lee, Bruno A Svajger, Jason G E Zelt, Corey M Forster, Martin P Petkovich, Rachel M Holden, Michael A Adams
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2022)

Non-renal extravasation of phosphate from the circulation and transient accumulation into tissues and extracellular fluid is a regulated process of acute phosphate homeostasis that is not well understood. This process is especially relevant in the setting of chronic kidney disease (CKD), where exposure to increased phosphate is prolonged due to inefficient kidney excretion. Furthermore, CKD-associated mineral dysregulation induces pathological accumulation of phosphate causing vascular calcification (VC). Our objective was to determine whether the systemic response to acute phosphate challenges is altered by VC.After bolus phosphate administration, circulating and tissue deposition of this challenge was assessed in two rat models of VC using a radiolabelled phosphate tracer. In an adenine-induced model of CKD (N = 70), animals with VC had a blunted elevation of circulating 33PO4 following oral phosphate administration (P < 0.01), and the discordant deposition could be traced to the calcified arteries (11.4 [7.5-13.1] vs.43.0 [35.5-53.7] pmol/ng tissue, P < 0.001). In a non-CKD model of VC, calcification was induced with 0.5 ug/kg calcitriol and then withdrawn (N = 24). New phosphate uptake by the calcified vasculature correlated to the pre-existing burden of calcification (r = 38, P < 0.001) and was substantially attenuated in the absence of calcification stimulus (P < 0.01). Phosphate accrual was stimulated by the phosphate challenge and not present to the same degree during passive disposition of circulating phosphate. Further, the form of phosphate that deposited to the vasculature was predominately amorphous inorganic phosphate and not that which was bound in matured calciprotein particles.In the process of calcification, arteries acutely deposit substantial amorphous phosphate while blunting the elevation in the circulation, thereby altering the systemic disposition of phosphate and identifying VC as a participatory mineral homeostatic organ. This study demonstrates the negative vascular consequence of acute fluctuations in circulating phosphate, and supports the importance of phosphate bioavailability and diet management in CKD patients as a mediator of cardiovascular risk.