tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Agreement between individual and neighborhood income measures in patients with colorectal cancer in Canada
Authors: Laura E Davis, Alyson L Mahar, Erin C Strumpf
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2023)

Abstract Introduction With increasing interest in income-related differences in cancer outcomes, accurate measurement of income is imperative. Misclassification of income can result in wrong conclusions as to the presence of income inequalities. We determined misclassification between individual- and neighborhood-level income and their association with overall survival among colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Methods The Canadian Census Health and Environment Cohorts were used to identify CRC patients diagnosed from 1992 to 2017. We used neighborhood income quintiles from Statistics Canada and created individual income quintiles from the same data sources to be as similar as possible. Agreement between individual and neighborhood income quintiles was measured using cross-tabulations and weighted kappa statistics. Cox proportional hazards and Lin semiparametric hazards models were used to determine the effects of individual and neighborhood income independently and jointly on survival. Analyses were also stratified by rural residence. Results A total of 103 530 CRC patients were included in the cohort. There was poor agreement between individual and neighborhood income with only 17% of respondents assigned to the same quintile (weighted kappa = 0.18). Individual income had a greater effect on relative and additive survival than neighborhood income when modeled separately. The interaction between individual and neighborhood income demonstrated that the most at risk for poor survival were those in the lowest individual and neighborhood income quintiles. Misclassification was more likely to occur for patients residing in rural areas. Conclusion Cancer researchers should avoid using neighborhood income as a proxy for individual income, especially among patients with cancers with demonstrated inequalities by income.
Limited interstitial abnormalities on CT associated with hiatus hernia: a pathogenetic pathway<i>versus</i>an epiphenomenon linked to biologic senescence
Authors: Peter M. George, Athol U. Wells
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2023)

The proposed relationship between hiatus hernia and pulmonary fibrosis has long been recognised. In 1976, Mays et al. [1] explored the prevalence of hiatus hernia in patients with pulmonary fibrosis classified as "idiopathic", "immune mediated" and "known aetiology". In all three groups the prevalence of hiatus hernia and acid reflux was higher than a matched population, but the rates were strikingly highest in the group with idiopathic interstitial pulmonary fibrosis, in which 41 of 48 patients (85%) had a hiatus hernia. Fast forward 40 years, and the association between hiatus hernia and pulmonary fibrosis is gaining traction. In patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), Noth et al. [2] . established a hiatus hernia prevalence on thoracic computed tomography (CT) scans of 39%, Tossier et al. [3] a prevalence of 53% and Mackintosh et al. [4] a prevalence of 42%. Does hiatus hernia play a role in the development of early ILD? Read on to try and unravel the supportive evidence from the potential confounders. <https://bit.ly/3iS4DOF>
Diagnosis of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease: International MOGAD Panel proposed criteria
Authors: Brenda Banwell, Jeffrey L Bennett, Romain Marignier, Ho Jin Kim, Fabienne Brilot, Eoin P Flanagan, Sudarshini Ramanathan, Patrick Waters, Silvia Tenembaum, Jennifer S Graves, Tanuja Chitnis, Alexander U Brandt, Cheryl Hemingway, Rinze Neuteboom, Lekha Pandit, Markus Reindl, Albert Saiz, Douglas Kazutoshi Sato, Kevin Rostasy, Friedemann Paul, Sean J Pittock, Kazuo Fujihara, Jacqueline Palace
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2023)
Novel gas exchange analysis in COVID-19 lung disease
Authors: Mike Hughes
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2023)

<b>A new method of measuring mean alveolar <i>P</i><sub>O<sub>2</sub></sub> and <i>P</i><sub>CO<sub>2</sub></sub> (as opposed to the classical ideal alveolar air analysis) with arterial <i>P</i><sub>O<sub>2</sub></sub> and <i>P</i><sub>CO<sub>2</sub></sub>, is applied to patients with COVID-19 lung disease, acutely and after recovery</b>https://bit.ly/3Tuaffb
Pulmonary embolism in COVID-19 infection: a high case-fatality related to pulmonary embolism characteristics
Authors: Francis Couturaud, Cécile Tromeur, Raphael Le Mao
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2023)

<b>Pulmonary embolism (PE) in COVID-19 patients is associated with poorer outcomes than in non-COVID-19 patients with PE, and in COVID-19 patients without PE, emphasising the need for dedicated adequate thromboprophylactic and diagnostic strategies</b>https://bit.ly/3QrQy7t
Stimuli‐Responsive Self‐Degradable DNA Hydrogels: Design, Synthesis, and Applications
Authors: Danyu Wang, Jie Duan, Jingwen Liu, Hua Yi, Zhenzhong Zhang, Haiwei Song, Yinchao Li, Kaixiang Zhang
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Abstract DNA hydrogels play an increasingly important role in biomedicine and bioanalysis applications. Due to their high programmability, multifunctionality and biocompatibility, they are often used as effective carriers for packing drugs, cells, or other bioactive cargoes in vitro and in vivo. However, the stability of the DNA hydrogels prevents their in‐demand rapid release of cargoes to achieve a full therapeutic effect in time. For bioanalysis, the generation of signals sometimes needs the DNA hydrogel to be rapidly degraded when sensing target molecules. To meet these requirements, stimulus‐responsive DNA hydrogels are designed. By responding to different stimuli, self‐degradable DNA hydrogels can switch from gel to solution for quantitative bioanalysis and precision cargo delivery. This review summarizes the recently developed innovative methods for designing stimuli‐responsive self‐degradable DNA hydrogels and showed their applications in the bioanalysis and biomedicines fields. Challenges, as well as prospects, are also discussed.
The transcriptomic landscape of diffuse radiological bronchiectasis
Authors: Wei-jie Guan, Pei-cun Hu, Miguel Angel Martinez-Garcia
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2023)

Bronchiectasis is a heterogeneous chronic structural lung disease in which four canonical elements of a vicious circle, i.e . recurrent airway infections, impaired mucociliary clearance, chronic airway inflammation and irreversible airway dilatation, have been implicated [1, 2]. Unravelling the underlying causes of bronchiectasis, which can only be ascertained in approximately 50% of patients despite exhaustive diagnostic efforts [3], is clinically relevant for optimising therapeutic interventions by targeting the core pathophysiology. There are a number of primary underlying causes, for instance, primary ciliary dyskinesia, which affects the motile cilia, cystic fibrosis, and congenital malformation. Several studies have indicated a role of genetic mutations in bronchiectasis [4–6], evidenced by the possible link with the clinical phenotypes and disease severity. These studies also suffered from a limited capacity of thoroughly identifying the genes broadly representative of pathophysiology. Transcriptomic profiling helps to unveil the pathophysiology of bronchiectasis <https://bit.ly/3C1B6JA>
Quality of life and symptoms among patients with relapsed/refractory <scp>AL</scp> amyloidosis treated with <scp>ixazomib‐dexamethasone</scp> versus physician's choice
Authors: Vaishali Sanchorawala, Ashutosh D. Wechalekar, Kihyun Kim, Stefan O. Schönland, Heather J. Landau, Fiona Kwok, Kenshi Suzuki, Angela Dispenzieri, Giampaolo Merlini, Raymond L. Comenzo, Dasha Cherepanov, Vanessa C. Hayden, Arun Kumar, Richard Labotka, Douglas V. Faller, Efstathios Kastritis
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2023)

Abstract Patient‐reported outcomes in AL amyloidosis have not been well‐studied. We analyzed health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) and AL amyloidosis symptoms data from the phase 3 TOURMALINE‐AL1 trial (NCT01659658) (ixazomib‐dexamethasone, n = 85; physician's choice of chemotherapy [PC], n = 83). HRQOL and symptom burden were measured with the SF‐36v2, Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy/Gynecologic Oncology Group Neurotoxicity subscale (FACT/GOG‐Ntx), and an amyloidosis symptom questionnaire (ASQ). Score changes during treatment were analyzed descriptively and using repeated‐measures linear mixed models; analyses were not adjusted for multiplicity. Least‐squares (LS) mean changes from baseline were significantly higher (better HRQOL) for ixazomib‐dexamethasone at several cycles for SF‐36v2 Role Physical and Vitality subscales ( p &lt; .05); no subscales demonstrated significant differences favoring PC. For FACT/GOG‐Ntx, small but significant differences in LS mean changes favored ixazomib‐dexamethasone over PC at multiple cycles for seven items and both summary scores; significant differences favored PC for one item (trouble hearing) at multiple cycles. ASQ total score trended downward (lower burden) in both arms; significant LS mean differences favored ixazomib‐dexamethasone over PC at some cycles ( p &lt; .05). Patients with relapsed/refractory AL amyloidosis treated with ixazomib‐dexamethasone experienced HRQOL and symptoms that were similar to or trended better than patients treated with PC despite longer duration of therapy.
Severe hematopoietic stem cell inflammation compromises chronic granulomatous disease gene therapy
Authors: Steicy Sobrino, Alessandra Magnani, Michaela Semeraro, Loredana Martignetti, Akira Cortal, Adeline Denis, Chloé Couzin, Capucine Picard, Jacinta Bustamante, Elisa Magrin, Laure Joseph, Cécile Roudaut, Aurélie Gabrion, Tayebeh Soheili, Corinne Cordier, Olivier Lortholary, François Lefrere, Frédéric Rieux-Laucat, Jean-Laurent Casanova, Sylvain Bodard, Nathalie Boddaert, Adrian J. Thrasher, Fabien Touzot, Sophie Taque, Felipe Suarez, Ambroise Marcais, Agathe Guilloux, Chantal Lagresle-Peyrou, Anne Galy, Antonio Rausell, Stephane Blanche, Marina Cavazzana, Emmanuelle Six
Journal: Cell Reports Medicine (2023)

X-linked chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is associated with defective phagocytosis, life-threatening infections, and inflammatory complications. We performed a clinical trial of lentivirus-based gene therapy in four patients (NCT02757911). Two patients show stable engraftment and clinical benefits, whereas the other two have progressively lost gene-corrected cells. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveals a significantly lower frequency of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in CGD patients, especially in the two patients with defective engraftment. These two present a profound change in HSC status, a high interferon score, and elevated myeloid progenitor frequency. We use elastic-net logistic regression to identify a set of 51 interferon genes and transcription factors that predict the failure of HSC engraftment. In one patient, an aberrant HSC state with elevated CEBPβ expression drives HSC exhaustion, as demonstrated by low repopulation in a xenotransplantation model. Targeted treatments to protect HSCs, coupled to targeted gene expression screening, might improve clinical outcomes in CGD.
Injectable Intrinsic Photothermal Hydrogel Bioadhesive with On‐Demand Removability for Wound Closure and MRSA‐Infected Wound Healing
Authors: Xinchang Kang, Pengfei Guan, Cairong Xiao, Can Liu, Youjun Guan, Yeying Lin, Yu Tian, Kunyu Ren, Yanting Huang, Rumin Fu, Chengyun Ning, Lei Fan, Guoxin Tan, Lei Zhou
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Abstract Photothermal hydrogel adhesives have yielded promising results for wound closure and infected wound treatment in recent years. However, photothermal hydrogel bioadhesives with on‐demand removability without additional nanomaterials‐based photothermal agents have rarely been reported in the literature. In this work, an injectable intrinsic photothermal hydrogel bioadhesive with an on‐demand removal trait is developed through dynamic cross‐linking of gelatin (Gel), tannic acid (TA) quinone, and borax for closing skin incisions and accelerating methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infected wound healing. The TA quinone containing polyphenol and quinone groups with multifunctional adhesiveness and intrinsic photothermal performance confer the hydrogel adhesive with near‐infrared (NIR) responsive antibacterial activity. The cross‐linking of pH‐sensitive boronic ester (polyphenol−B) and Schiff base bonds endow the hydrogel with great self‐healing capacity and on‐demand removability. Moreover, the hydrogel possesses good biocompatibility, injectability, and hemostasis. The in vivo experiment in a rat cutaneous incision model and full‐thickness MRSA‐infected wound model indicate that the smart hydrogel can close wounds efficiently and treat infected ones, demonstrating its superiority in noninvasive treatment of cutaneous incisions and enhancing infected full‐thickness wound healing.
An Instant Underwater Tissue Adhesive Composed of Catechin‐Chondroitin Sulfate and Cholesterol‐Polyethyleneimine
Authors: Min Jin, Chao Tao, Xu Hu, Bangheng Liu, Cheng Ma, Zhonglian Wu, Hang Yao, Dong‐An Wang
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Abstract Due to the safety issue and poor underwater adhesion of current commercially available bioadhesives, they are hard to apply to in vivo physiological environments and more diverse medical use conditions. In this study, a novel and facile bioadhesive for underwater medical applications are designed based on the coacervation of electrostatic interactions and hydrophobic interactions, with the introduction of catechin as a provider of catechol moieties for adhesion to surrounding tissues. The orange‐colored bio‐adhesive, named PcC, is generated within seconds by mixing catechin‐modified chondroitin sulfate and cholesterol chloroformate‐modified polyethyleneimine with agitation. In vitro mechanical measurements prove that this novel PcC bio‐adhesive is superior in underwater adhesion performance when applied to cartilage. Animal experiments in a rat mastectomy model and rat cartilage graft implantation model demonstrate its potential for diverse medical purposes, such as closing surgical incisions, reducing the formation of seroma, and tissue adhesive applied in orthopedic or cartilage surgery.
Application of targeted next generation sequencing technology in the diagnosis of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis and first line drugs resistance directly from cell-free DNA of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid
Authors: Xiaocui Wu, Ruobing Liang, Yanqun Xiao, Huan Liu, Ye Zhang, Yue Jiang, Mengdi Liu, Jianzhong Tang, Wei Wang, Wei Li, Long Hu, Aihua Wang, Fangyou Yu, Han Xia
Journal: Journal of Infection (2023)
Efficacy of pyriproxyfen-pyrethroid long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) and chlorfenapyr-pyrethroid LLINs compared with pyrethroid-only LLINs for malaria control in Benin: a cluster-randomised, superiority trial
Authors: Manfred Accrombessi, Jackie Cook, Edouard Dangbenon, Boulais Yovogan, Hilaire Akpovi, Arthur Sovi, Constantin Adoha, Landry Assongba, Aboubacar Sidick, Bruno Akinro, Razaki Ossè, Filémon Tokponnon, Rock Aïkpon, Aurore Ogouyemi-Hounto, Germain Gil Padonou, Immo Kleinschmidt, Louisa A Messenger, Mark Rowland, Corine Ngufor, Natacha Protopopoff, Martin C Akogbeto
Journal: The Lancet (2023)
SARS-CoV-2 infections in pediatric and young adult recipients of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy: an international registry report
Authors: Kevin Owen McNerney, Rebecca M Richards, Paibel Aguayo-Hiraldo, Friso G Calkoen, Julie-An Talano, Amy Moskop, Adriana Balduzzi, Jennifer Krajewski, Hema Dave, Anant Vatsayan, Colleen Callahan, Hongyan Liu, Yimei Li, Kara Lynn Davis, Shannon L Maude
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2023)

Background Immunocompromised patients are at increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infections. Patients undergoing chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy for relapsed/refractory B-cell malignancies are uniquely immunosuppressed due to CAR T-mediated B-cell aplasia (BCA). While SARS-CoV-2 mortality rates of 33%–40% are reported in adult CAR T-cell recipients, outcomes in pediatric and young adult CAR T-cell recipients are limited. Methods We created an international retrospective registry of CAR T recipients aged 0–30 years infected with SARS-CoV-2 within 2 months prior to or any time after CAR T infusion. SARS-CoV-2-associated illness was graded as asymptomatic, mild, moderate, or severe COVID-19, or multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). To assess for risk factors associated with significant SARS-CoV-2 infections (infections requiring hospital admission for respiratory distress or supplemental oxygen), univariate and multivariable regression analyses were performed. Results Nine centers contributed 78 infections in 75 patients. Of 70 SARS-CoV-2 infections occurring after CAR T infusion, 13 (18.6%) were classified as asymptomatic, 37 (52.9%) mild, 11 (15.7%) moderate, and 6 (8.6%) severe COVID-19. Three (4.3%) were classified as MIS-C. BCA was not significantly associated with infection severity. Prior to the emergence of the Omicron variant, of 47 infections, 19 (40.4%) resulted in hospital admission and 7 (14.9%) required intensive care, while after the emergence of the Omicron variant, of 23 infections, only 1 (4.3%) required admission and the remaining 22 (95.7%) had asymptomatic or mild COVID-19. Death occurred in 3 of 70 (4.3%); each death involved coinfection or life-threatening condition. In a multivariable model, factors associated with significant SARS-CoV-2 infection included having two or more comorbidities (OR 7.73, CI 1.05 to 74.8, p=0.048) and age ≥18 years (OR 9.51, CI 1.90 to 82.2, p=0.014). In the eight patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 before CAR T, half of these patients had their CAR T infusion delayed by 15–30 days. Conclusions In a large international cohort of pediatric and young adult CAR-T recipients, SARS-CoV-2 infections resulted in frequent hospital and intensive care unit admissions and were associated with mortality in 4.3%. Patients with two or more comorbidities or aged ≥18 years were more likely to experience significant illness. Suspected Omicron infections were associated with milder disease.
Unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer: Insights from a Portuguese expert panel
Authors: A. Araújo, A. Barroso, B. Parente, C. Travancinha, E. Teixeira, F. Martelo, G. Fernandes, G. Paupério, H. Queiroga, I. Duarte, J.D. da Costa, M. Soares, P. Borralho, P. Costa, P. Chinita, T. Almodôvar, F. Barata
Journal: Pulmonology (2023)

The management of unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is clinically challenging and there is no current consensus on optimal strategies. Herein, a panel of Portuguese experts aims to present practical recommendations for the global management of unresectable stage III NSCLC patients.
Clusters of individuals recovering from an exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and response to in-hospital pulmonary rehabilitation
Authors: M. Vitacca, A. Malovini, A. Spanevello, P. Ceriana, M. Paneroni, M. Maniscalco, B. Balbi, L. Rizzello, R. Murgia, R. Bellazzi, N. Ambrosino
Journal: Pulmonology (2023)

Due to the present low availability of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) for individuals recovering from a COPD exacerbation (ECOPD), we need admission priority criteria. We tested the hypothesis that these individuals might be clustered according to baseline characteristics to identify subpopulations with different responses to PR.Multicentric retrospective analysis of individuals undergone in-hospital PR. Baseline characteristics and outcome measures (six-minute walking test - 6MWT, Medical Research Council scale for dyspnoea -MRC, COPD assessment test -CAT) were used for clustering analysis.Data analysis of 1159 individuals showed that after program, the proportion of individuals reaching the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) was 85.0%, 86.3%, and 65.6% for CAT, MRC, and 6MWT respectively. Three clusters were found (C1-severe: 10.9%; C2-intermediate: 74.4%; C3-mild: 14.7% of cases respectively). Cluster C1-severe showed the worst conditions with the largest post PR improvements in outcome measures; C3-mild showed the least severe baseline conditions, but the smallest improvements. The proportion of participants reaching the MCID in ALL three outcome measures was significantly different among clusters, with C1-severe having the highest proportion of full success (69.0%) as compared to C2-intermediate (48.3%) and C3-mild (37.4%). Participants in C2-intermediate and C1-severe had 1.7- and 4.6-fold increases in the probability to reach the MCID in all three outcomes as compared to those in C3-mild (OR = 1.72, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 1.2 - 2.49, p = 0.0035 and OR = 4.57, 95% CI = 2.68 - 7.91, p < 0.0001 respectively).Clustering analysis can identify subpopulations of individuals recovering from ECOPD associated with different responses to PR. Our results may help in defining priority criteria based on the probability of success of PR.
Prediction of exercise respiratory limitation from pulmonary function tests
Authors: D. Shlomi, T. Beck, R. Reuveny, M.J. Segel
Journal: Pulmonology (2023)

Evaluation of unexplained exercise intolerance is best resolved by cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) which enables the determination of the exercise limiting system in most cases. Traditionally, pulmonary function tests (PFTs) at rest are not used for the prediction of a respiratory limitation on CPET. We sought cut-off values on PFTs that might, a priori, rule-in or rule-out a respiratory limitation in CPET. Patients who underwent CPET in our institute were divided into two groups according to spirometry: obstructive and non-obstructive. Each group was randomly divided 2:1 into derivation and validation cohorts respectively. We analyzed selected PFTs parameters in the derivation groups in order to establish maximal and minimal cut-off values for which a respiratory limitation could be ruled-in or ruled-out. We then validated these values in the validation cohorts. Of 593 patients who underwent a CPET, 126 were in the obstructive and 467 in the non-obstructive group. In patients with obstructive lung disease, forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) ≥ 61% predicted could rule out a respiratory limitation, while FEV1 ≤ 33% predicted was always associated with a respiratory limitation. For patients with non-obstructive spirometry, FEV1 of ≥ 73% predicted could rule-out a respiratory limitation. Application of this algorithm might have saved up to 47% and 71% of CPETs in our obstructive and non-obstructive groups, respectively. Presence or absence of a respiratory limitation on CPET can be predicted in some cases based on a PFTs performed at rest.