tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
My Ice Chip Angel
Authors: Wendy Tong
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Stroke Mortality Among Black and White Adults Aged ≥35 Years Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic — United States, 2015–2021
Authors: Quanhe Yang, Xin Tong, Linda Schieb, Fátima Coronado, Robert Merritt
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2023)

Stroke is the fifth leading cause of death and a leading cause of long-term disability in the United States (1). Although stroke death rates have declined since the 1950s, age-adjusted rates remained higher among non-Hispanic Black or African American (Black) adults than among non-Hispanic White (White) adults (1,2). Despite intervention efforts to reduce racial disparities in stroke prevention and treatment through reducing stroke risk factors, increasing awareness of stroke symptoms, and improving access to treatment and care for stroke (1,3), Black adults were 45% more likely than were White adults to die from stroke in 2018.* In 2019, age-adjusted stroke death rates (AASDRs) (stroke deaths per 100,000 population) were 101.6 among Black adults and 69.1 among White adults aged ≥35 years. Stroke deaths increased during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic (March-August 2020), and minority populations experienced a disproportionate increase (4). The current study examined disparities in stroke mortality between Black and White adults before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Analysts used National Vital Statistics System (NVSS) mortality data accessed via CDC WONDER† to calculate AASDRs among Black and White adults aged ≥35 years prepandemic (2015-2019) and during the pandemic (2020-2021). Compared with that during the prepandemic period, the absolute difference in AASDR between Black and White adults during the pandemic was 21.7% higher (31.3 per 100,000 versus 38.0). During the pandemic period, an estimated 3,835 excess stroke deaths occurred among Black adults (9.4% more than expected) and 15,125 among White adults (6.9% more than expected). These findings underscore the importance of identifying the major factors contributing to the widened disparities; implementing prevention efforts, including the management and control of hypertension, high blood cholesterol, and diabetes; and developing tailored interventions to reduce disparities and advance health equity in stroke mortality between Black and White adults. Stroke is a serious medical condition that requires emergency care. Warning signs of a stroke include sudden face drooping, arm weakness, and speech difficulty. Immediate notification of Emergency Medical Services by calling 9-1-1 is critical upon recognition of stroke signs and symptoms.
Defective Immunity Against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variants Despite Full Vaccination in Hematologic Malignancies
Authors: Laurence Zitvogel, Lisa Derosa, Guido Kroemer
Journal: Blood Cancer Discovery (2023)

In patients with multiple myeloma, completion of mRNA-based vaccination schemes failed to yield detectable SARS-CoV-2 Omicron-neutralizing antibodies and S1-RBD-specific CD8+ T cells in approximately 60% and 80% of the cases, respectively. Patients who develop breakthrough infections exhibited very low levels of live-virus neutralizing antibodies and the absence of follicular T helper cells. See related article by Azeem et al., p. 106 (9). See related article by Chang et al., p. 1684 (10).
Oligodendroglia-to-neuron material transfer lights up the mouse CNS
Authors: Stefano Pluchino, Pranathi Prasad
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2023)

Intercellular material transfer in the central nervous system (CNS) supports neuronal survival and activity. Mayrhofer et al. (2023. J. Exp. Med.https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20221632) characterize extensive regionally coordinated transfer of oligodendroglial ribosomal and nuclear material toward neurons, linked to satellite oligodendrocyte–neuron pairs in the mouse CNS.
Transcription factor HNF4α2 promotes osteogenesis and prevents bone abnormalities in mice with renal osteodystrophy
Authors: Marta Martinez-Calle, Guillaume Courbon, Bridget Hunt-Tobey, Connor Francis, Jadeah Spindler, Xueyan Wang, Luciene M. dos Reis, Carolina S.W. Martins, Isidro B. Salusky, Hartmut Malluche, Thomas L. Nickolas, Rosa M.A. Moyses, Aline Martin, Valentin David
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2023)

Renal osteodystrophy (ROD) is a disorder of bone metabolism that affects virtually all patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is associated with adverse clinical outcomes including fractures, cardiovascular events, and death. In this study, we showed that hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α), a transcription factor mostly expressed in the liver, is also expressed in bone, and that osseous HNF4α expression was dramatically reduced in patients and mice with ROD. Osteoblast-specific deletion of Hnf4α resulted in impaired osteogenesis in cells and mice. Using multi-omics analyses of bones and cells lacking or overexpressing Hnf4α1 and Hnf4α2, we showed that HNF4α2 is the main osseous Hnf4α isoform that regulates osteogenesis, cell metabolism, and cell death. As a result, osteoblast-specific overexpression of Hnf4α2 prevented bone loss in mice with CKD. Our results showed that HNF4α2 is a transcriptional regulator of osteogenesis, implicated in the development of ROD.
Liquid Biopsy Assessment of Molecular Residual Disease in Localized Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Juan Ruiz-Bañobre, Ajay Goel
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Effect of Treadmill Perturbation-Based Balance Training on Fall Rates in Community-Dwelling Older Adults
Authors: Jens Eg Nørgaard, Stig Andersen, Jesper Ryg, Andrew James Thomas Stevenson, Jane Andreasen, Anderson Souza Oliveira, Mathias Brix Danielsen, Martin Gronbech Jorgensen
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Importance Falls are common and the leading cause of injuries among older adults, but falls may be attenuated by the promising and time-efficient intervention called perturbation-based balance training (PBT). Objective To evaluate the effects of a 4-session treadmill PBT intervention compared with regular treadmill walking on daily-life fall rates among community-dwelling older adults. Design, Setting, and Participants This 12-month, assessor-blinded randomized clinical trial was conducted from March 2021 through December 2022 in Aalborg University in Denmark. Participants were community-dwelling adults 65 years or older and were able to walk without a walking aid. Participants were randomized to either PBT (intervention group) or treadmill walking (control group). Data analyses were based on the intention-to-treat principle. Interventions Participants who were randomized to the intervention group underwent four 20-minute sessions of PBT, including 40 slip, trip, or mixed slip and trip perturbations. Participants who were randomized to the control group performed four 20-minute sessions of treadmill walking at their preferred speed. The 3 initial training sessions were completed within the first week, whereas the fourth session was performed after 6 months. Main Outcomes and Measures Primary outcome was the daily-life fall rates that were collected from fall calendars for the 12 months after the third training session. Secondary outcomes were the proportion of participants with at least 1 fall and recurrent falls, time to first fall, fall-related fractures, fall-related injuries, fall-related health care contacts, and daily-life slip and trip falls. Results A total of 140 highly functioning, community-dwelling older adults (mean [SD] age, 72 [5] years; 79 females [56%]), 57 (41%) of whom had a fall in the past 12 months, were included in this trial. Perturbation training had no significant effect on daily-life fall rate (incidence rate ratio [IRR]: 0.78; 95% CI, 0.48-1.27) or other fall-related metrics. However, there was a significant reduction in laboratory fall rates at the posttraining assessment (IRR, 0.20; 95% CI, 0.10-0.41), 6-month follow-up (IRR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.26-0.86), and 12-month follow-up (IRR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.19-0.72). Conclusions and Relevance Results of this trial showed that participants who received an 80-minute PBT intervention experienced a statistically nonsignificant 22% reduction in daily-life fall rates. There was no significant effect on other daily-life fall-related metrics; however, a statistically significant decrease in falls was found in the laboratory setting. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04733222
Adverse Events of Cannabidiol Use in Patients With Epilepsy
Authors: Asra Fazlollahi, Mahdi Zahmatyar, Mahta ZareDini, Behnam Golabi, Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi, Mark J. M. Sullman, Koroush Gharagozli, Ali-Asghar Kolahi, Saeid Safiri
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Importance Epilepsy is one of the most common neurologic disorders globally. Cannabidiol (CBD) has been approved for the treatment of epilepsy, but its use has been associated with several different adverse events (AEs). Objective To investigate the frequency and risk of AEs developing in patients with epilepsy who are using CBD. Data Sources PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched for relevant studies published from database inception up to August 4, 2022. The search strategy included a combination of the following keywords: ( cannabidiol OR epidiolex ) AND ( epilepsy OR seizures ). Study Selection The review included all randomized clinical trials that investigated at least 1 AE from the use of CBD in patients with epilepsy. Data Extraction and Synthesis Basic information about each study was extracted. I 2 statistics were calculated using Q statistics to assess the statistical heterogeneity among the included studies. A random-effects model was used in cases of substantial heterogeneity, and a fixed-effects model was used if the I 2 statistic for the AEs was lower than 40%. This study was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guideline. Main Outcomes and Measures Frequency of each AE and risk of developing each AE in patients with epilepsy using CBD. Results Nine studies were included. Overall incidences of 9.7% in the CBD group and 4.0% in the control group were found for any grade AEs. The overall risk ratios (RRs) for any grade and severe grade AEs were 1.12 (95% CI, 1.02-1.23) and 3.39 (95% CI, 1.42-8.09), respectively, for the CBD group compared with the control group. Compared with the control group, the CBD group had a greater risk for incidence of serious AEs (RR, 2.67; 95% CI, 1.83-3.88), AEs resulting in discontinuation (RR, 3.95; 95% CI, 1.86-8.37), and AEs resulting in dose reduction (RR, 9.87; 95% CI, 5.34-14.40). Because most of the included studies had some risk of bias (3 raised some concerns and 3 were at high risk of bias), these findings should be interpreted with some caution. Conclusions and Relevance In this systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials, the use of CBD to treat patients with epilepsy was associated with an increased risk of several AEs. Additional studies are needed to determine the safe and effective CBD dosage for treating epilepsy.
Trends in Severe Outcomes Among Adult and Pediatric Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 in the Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program, March 2020 to May 2022
Authors: Robyn Mitchell, Joelle Cayen, Nisha Thampi, Charles Frenette, Jessica Bartoszko, Kelly Baekyung Choi, Jeannette L. Comeau, John Conly, Chelsey Ellis, Jennifer Ellison, John Embil, Gerald Evans, Lynn Johnston, Jennie Johnstone, Kevin C. Katz, Pamela Kibsey, Bonita Lee, Marie-Astrid Lefebvre, Yves Longtin, Allison McGeer, Dominik Mertz, Jessica Minion, Wallis Rudnick, Anada Silva, Stephanie W. Smith, Jocelyn A. Srigley, Kathryn N. Suh, Jen Tomlinson, Alice Wong, Linda Pelude
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Trends in COVID-19 severe outcomes have significant implications for the health care system and are key to informing public health measures. However, data summarizing trends in severe outcomes among patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Canada are not well described.To describe trends in severe outcomes among patients hospitalized with COVID-19 during the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic.Active prospective surveillance in this cohort study was conducted from March 15, 2020, to May 28, 2022, at a sentinel network of 155 acute care hospitals across Canada. Participants included adult (aged ≥18 years) and pediatric (aged 0-17 years) patients hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 at a Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program (CNISP)-participating hospital.COVID-19 waves, COVID-19 vaccination status, and age group.The CNISP collected weekly aggregate data on the following severe outcomes: hospitalization, admission to an intensive care unit (ICU), receipt of mechanical ventilation, receipt of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and all-cause in-hospital death.Among 1 513 065 admissions, the proportion of adult (n = 51 679) and pediatric (n = 4035) patients hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 was highest in waves 5 and 6 of the pandemic compared with waves 1 to 4 (77.3 vs 24.7 per 1000 patient admissions). Despite this, the proportion of patients with positive test results for COVID-19 who were admitted to an ICU, received mechanical ventilation, received extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and died were each significantly lower in waves 5 and 6 when compared with waves 1 through 4. Admission to the ICU and in-hospital all-cause death rates were significantly higher among those who were unvaccinated against COVID-19 when compared with those who were fully vaccinated (incidence rate ratio, 4.3 and 3.9, respectively) or fully vaccinated with an additional dose (incidence rate ratio, 12.2 and 15.1, respectively).The findings of this cohort study of patients hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 suggest that COVID-19 vaccination is important to reduce the burden on the Canadian health care system as well as severe outcomes associated with COVID-19.
Stage I nonseminomatous germ cell testicular tumor: prediction of metastatic potential by primary histopathology.
Authors: C Y Fung, L A Kalish, G L Brodsky, J P Richie, M B Garnick
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1988)

A study of 60 patients with clinical stage I nonseminomatous germ cell testicular tumor (NSGCT) was conducted to identify prognostic factors that may predict the likelihood of metastasis. Clinical features and histopathologic features of the primary testicular tumor were examined and analyzed for correlations with the presence of retroperitoneal nodal metastasis documented by surgery (N+) and with development of relapse (R+). Pathologic tumor stage greater than or equal to 2, with tumor extension into the tunica albuginea, rete testis, epididymis, or spermatic cord, was correlated with an increased rate of N+ compared with pathologic tumor stage I (P = .001). Vascular invasion was correlated with a higher rate of N+ (P = .05) and had a similar association with R+ (P = .08). Tumors containing less than 50% teratoma were found to have a higher rate of N+ than tumors with greater than or equal to 50% teratoma (P = .02). Based on the identified prognostic factors, a model for predicting the probability of retroperitoneal nodal metastasis in clinical stage I patients is proposed. The risk factors for nodal metastasis are: pathologic tumor stage greater than or equal to 2, vascular invasion, and less than 50% teratoma. Patients with none of the risk factors are considered at low risk and may be offered orchiectomy alone with surveillance for initial treatment. Patients with all three risk factors are at high risk and should be treated with a retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) or possibly chemotherapy. Patients with one or two risk factors are at intermediate risk; it is recommended that they undergo RPLND. This risk model facilitates a rational approach to the management of clinical stage I NSGCT.
TREM2 macrophages drive NK cell paucity and dysfunction in lung cancer
Authors: Matthew D. Park, Ivan Reyes-Torres, Jessica LeBerichel, Pauline Hamon, Nelson M. LaMarche, Samarth Hegde, Meriem Belabed, Leanna Troncoso, John A. Grout, Assaf Magen, Etienne Humblin, Achuth Nair, Martina Molgora, Jinchao Hou, Jenna H. Newman, Adam M. Farkas, Andrew M. Leader, Travis Dawson, Darwin D’Souza, Steven Hamel, Alfonso Rodriguez Sanchez-Paulete, Barbara Maier, Nina Bhardwaj, Jerome C. Martin, Alice O. Kamphorst, Ephraim Kenigsberg, Maria Casanova-Acebes, Amir Horowitz, Brian D. Brown, Lucas Ferrari De Andrade, Marco Colonna, Thomas U. Marron, Miriam Merad
Journal: Nature Immunology (2023)
Imsidolimab: an emerging biological therapy for generalized pustular psoriasis
Authors: David Gleeson, Satveer K Mahil
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2023)

Journal Article Corrected proof Imsidolimab: an emerging biological therapy for generalized pustular psoriasis Get access David Gleeson, David Gleeson St John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7355-9281 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Satveer K Mahil Satveer K Mahil St John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK Corresponding author: Satveer Mahil. Email: satveer.mahil@kcl.ac.uk https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4692-3794 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, ljad128, https://doi.org/10.1093/bjd/ljad128 Published: 20 April 2023 Article history Received: 13 April 2023 Accepted: 13 April 2023 Published: 20 April 2023 Corrected and typeset: 22 May 2023
PARP Inhibitors for Prostate Cancer: Tangled up in PROfound and PROpel (and TALAPRO-2) Blues
Authors: Nick Beije, Wassim Abida, Emmanuel S. Antonarakis, Elena Castro, Ronald de Wit, Karim Fizazi, Silke Gillessen, Maha Hussain, Joaquin Mateo, Michael J. Morris, David Olmos, Oliver Sartor, Adam Sharp, Christopher J. Sweeney, Johann S. de Bono
Journal: European Urology (2023)
Immediate Sequential Bilateral Surgery in Refractive Lens Exchange Patients
Authors: Stephen J. Hannan, Steven C. Schallhorn, Jan A. Venter, David Teenan, Julie M. Schallhorn
Journal: Ophthalmology (2023)

To evaluate outcomes and the incidence of adverse events (AEs) in patients who underwent bilateral same-day refractive lens exchange (RLE).Retrospective case series.Patients of a private intraocular surgery provider in the United Kingdom who underwent RLE in both eyes on the same day with treatment dates between March 2018 and December 2021.Clinical outcomes and AEs were collected for a continuous cohort of patients undergoing bilateral same-day RLE (in the absence of visually significant cataracts) or had mild cataracts (corrected visual acuity ≥ 20/40). One-month clinical outcomes were analyzed.Refractive outcomes and visual acuity, intraoperative and postoperative AEs, and secondary surgical interventions recorded within the first month after surgery.A total of 17 330 patients (34 660 eyes) were included in the analysis. Of these, 28 827 eyes received a multifocal intraocular lens (IOL), and 5833 eyes had a monofocal IOL. The percentage of eyes within ±0.50 diopters (D) of intended refraction was 85.5% and 86.2% for monofocal and multifocal IOL eyes, respectively. There was a total of 55 intraoperative AEs recorded in 55 eyes of 54 patients (per-eye incidence: 0.159%). Posterior capsule tear was the most common intraoperative event occurring in 37 eyes (0.107%). The number of AEs recorded within the first postoperative month was 267, occurring in 263 eyes of 177 patients (per-eye incidence: 0.759%). These included cystoid macular edema (CME) (172 eyes; 0.496%), significant corneal edema (28 eyes; 0.081%), persistent inflammation (27 eyes; 0.078%), significantly raised intraocular pressure (27 eyes; 0.078%), toxic anterior segment syndrome (8 eyes; 0.023%), wound leak (3 eyes; 0.009%), retinal detachment (1 eye; 0.003%), and retinal tear (1 eye; 0.003%). There were 56 secondary surgical interventions recorded within the first month of surgery, occurring in 54 eyes of 47 patients (per-eye incidence: 0.156%). The most common secondary intervention was the rotation of a misaligned toric IOL (24 eyes; 0.069%).Elective same-day bilateral RLE had a low incidence of serious AEs, and high refractive predictability.Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
A randomized-controlled trial of ischemia-free liver transplantation for end-stage liver disease
Authors: Zhiyong Guo, Qiang Zhao, Zehua Jia, Changjun Huang, Dongping Wang, Weiqiang Ju, Jian Zhang, Lu Yang, Shanzhou Huang, Maogen Chen, Xiaofeng Zhu, Anbin Hu, Yi Ma, Linwei Wu, Yinghua Chen, Ming Han, Yunhua Tang, Guodong Wang, Linhe Wang, Lifen Li, Wei Xiong, Zhiheng Zhang, Yuekun Shen, Zhaoxia Tang, Caihui Zhu, Xiaoxiang Chen, Xiaoguang Hu, Yiwen Guo, Honghui Chen, Yihao Ma, Tao Zhang, Shunwei Huang, Ping Zeng, Simei Lai, Tielong Wang, Zhitao Chen, Jinlong Gong, Jia Yu, Canhui Sun, Chang Li, Haiyi Tan, Yao Liu, Yuqi Dong, Chengjun Sun, Bing Liao, Jun Ren, Zhenhai Zhou, Schlegel Andrea, Nashan Björn, Changjie Cai, Fengqiu Gong, Jian Rong, Wenqi Huang, Xiangdong Guan, Pierre-Alain Clavien, Tullius G. Stefan, Jiefu Huang, Xiaoshun He
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2023)

Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) has thus far been considered as an inevitable component of organ transplantation, compromising outcomes, and limiting organ availability. Ischemia-free organ transplantation is a novel approach designed to avoid IRI, with the potential to improve outcomes.