tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
POS0274 PREDICTION OF VASCULAR COMPLICATIONS IN TAKAYASU ARTERITIS BY MACHINE LEARNING: A PROOF-OF-CONCEPT STUDY BASED ON A PROSPECTIVE COHORT
Authors: X. Dai, Y. LI, Y. Sun, L. Jiang
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2022)

Background Vascular complications are common poor prognosis in Takayasu arteritis (TAK). A reliable prediction model for this outcome has not been performed using machine learning (ML) due to the lack of a dataset with sufficient sample size. Objectives We aimed to develop ML models for prediction of vascular complications in TAK based on the prospective data of the largest sample in China from the East China Takayasu Arteritis (ECTA) cohort. Methods Data were collected from the ECTA cohort in which patients were enrolled from January 2009 to August 2020 and followed till February 2021 (n = 517). Predictor variables included 53 baseline features and outcome of interest was incident vascular complications. Data were randomly split into a training (85%) and test (15%) set. Logistic regression (LR), support vector machine, random forest (RF), k-nearest neighbors, XGBoost (XGB), and light gradient boosting machine models were trained using five-fold cross validation, and evaluated on the test set for recall, specificity, precision and area under ROC (AU-ROC) and precision-recall curves (AU-PRC). Permutation score was applied to assess feature importance to the outcome. Results Over a median follow-up of 30 (15–44) months, incident vascular complications were observed in 29.0% (150/517) patients. The RF model demonstrated the best overall predictive performance (AU-ROC = 0.84, AU-PRC = 0.63). Both the RF and LR models had the highest specificity (0.98), and the XGB model had the highest recall (0.87). Progressive clinical course was an important feature significantly associated with the outcome for all models. Conclusion It demonstrated the feasibility of developing ML models for prediction of vascular complications in TAK. The XGB model could help for early identification of high-risk patients, and RF and LR models could further confirm. Figure 1. Disclosure of Interests None declared
Induction of Mammary Tumors in Aging Rats by 7,12-Dimethylbenz[&lt;italic&gt;a&lt;/italic&gt;]anthracene: Role of DNA Synthesis During Carcinogenesis&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1980)

Two routes of administration were used to test the susceptibility of the mammary giand of the rat to 7,12-dimethyibenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) carcinogenesis in relation to age of the tissue. In one series of experiments, 60-, 70-, 90-, 120-, 150-, and 200-day-old female noninbred Sprague-Dawley rats were given DMBA iv. In parallel experiments, rats of the same ages as those above were given DMBA by local application. Mammary tumors developed in 80–90% of the 60- and 70-day-old rats and in 40% of the 90-day-old rats. Rats 120 days old and older were completely “refractory” to DMBA. In contrast, all rats, irrespective of their ages, developed tumors when DMBA was applied locally. The DNA synthesis labeling index (LI) of mammary glands of rats in two series of experiments was examined by [3H]thymidine incorporation and autoradiography at 24, 48, and 72 hours after DMBA treatment. DMBA given iv significantly inhibited DNA synthesis in mammary glands, but DMBA applied locally significantly increased the LI of the mammary glands. Thus the LI of the mammary glands in 60-day-old rats increased from 8% (control, untreated) to 16% (rats receiving local applications of DMBA), whereas the LI of the mammary glands in 150-day-old rats Increased from 1.15% (control, untreated) to 8% (rats receiving local application of DMBA).
A Synopsis of Regional Anatomy
Journal: JAMA (1935)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effect of Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate Feeding on Rat Colorectal 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine Carcinogenesis&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: David A. Karlin, M.D.
 5, Robert T. O'Donnell, B.S., Wesley E. Jensen, Ph.D.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1980)

The 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) rodent model for colorectal carcinogenesis was used to explore the effect of dietary dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (DSS) on carcinogenesis. Inbred male F344 rats were divided into two groups of 84 each and fed the following diets: ground chow and 5% corn oil (control group) and ground chow, 5% corn oil, and 1% DSS (experimental group). All rats received high-dose DMH base, 20 mg/kg/week sc for 20 weeks. Twenty rats per group were killed after 3, 4, 5, and 6 months. Duodenum, small Intestine, colon, and rectum were dissected out. Each tumor was measured for size and location and evaluated histologically. The percentage of rats bearing tumors in the control and experimental groups did not differ significantly. In each rat there were fewer gastrointestinal tumors in the DSS-fed group of all histologic types combined, at all organ sites, at 5 and 6 months. This difference between the control and DSS-fed rats reached the level of statistical significance for tumors of the duodenum, colon, and rectum and for total gastrointestinal tumors at the 5th month.
The Man Who Pleases and the Woman Who Charms.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Food Values of Portions Commonly Used
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cutaneous Papillomas on an Opossum
Authors: Koller, Loren D.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1972)

Journal Article Cutaneous Papillomas on an Opossum Get access Loren D. Koller, D.V.M., Ph. D. Loren D. Koller, D.V.M., Ph. D. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences,3Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 49, Issue 1, July 1972, Pages 309–313, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/49.1.309 Published: 01 July 1972 Article history Received: 25 April 1972 Accepted: 26 April 1972 Published: 01 July 1972
The Case History of a Resolution
Authors: Robert K. Maddock
Journal: JAMA (1972)

A common approach these days to almost any social ill is to propose legislation, and if such legislation is passed, to believe the problem will disappear. There is no reason to suppose that the common approach is the best. Last fall Utah, like many other communities, was experiencing difficulties with amphetamines. The Utah Society of Internal Medicine (USIM) decided to find out what would happen were its members to declare an immediate ban on the prescribing of any and all amphetamines for the treatment of obesity. We were by no means certain of what would happen. We knew scientific opinion was on our side. We also knew that very restrictive legislation was being proposed in an effort to curb drug abuse, so great had been the public outcry. The legislation was aimed mainly at legitimate prescription sales. We believed that such a law would severely complicate the legitimate use of
Acute Epiglottitis in Adults
Authors: Roger Jones
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Dr Frantz and colleagues state that epiglottitis in children is generally confined to the epiglottis.<sup>1</sup>This is not so, according to our experience and that of others.<sup>2-5</sup>Swollen aryepiglottic folds constitute the principal airway obstruction in children who have this diagnosis, often with little actual enlargement of the epiglottis. The hypopharyngeal tissue surrounding the glottis also tends to inflame in children, much as Frantz et al depict in adults. Just as for adults, the more descriptive term for children should be supraglottitis.
The Success of Alcoholism Treatment The Stigma and the Need for Hard Data
Authors: George D. Lundberg
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Alcohol abuse and alcoholism, in all of its various forms, follows heart disease, cancer, and stroke as a ranking cause of disability and death in our society. Alcohol-related deaths include organic diseases such as cirrhosis, pancreatitis, and infections; violence such as accidents, homicide, and suicide; overdose/intoxication; and withdrawal. There has been a remarkable change in knowledge, attitude, and behavior on the part of the medical profession toward the problem of alcohol abuse and alcoholism in the past 15 years: a more open approach, recognition of alcoholism as a disease, acceptance of physicians and institutions treating alcoholism into the mainstream of medicine, and widespread application of many therapeutic modalities. Still, addiction does not go away and cures don't exist. However, recovery rates as high as 50% to 90% are now being stated and believed. The accompanying MEDICAL NEWS story (p 2427) focuses on one new center for this treatment and quotes
Mechanisms of Control of Intestinal Transport: A Review
Authors: L A Turnberg
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1984)

Of the long list of substances which are capable of influencing intestinal transport, corticosteroids and aldosterone probably exert a prolonged, modest, controlling influence on salt and water absorption. They are likely to be important in situations where variation in colonic absorption occurs, such as in the rabbit, or in circumstances where salt depletion or salt overload are likely. There is modest evidence in favour of the possibility that the gastrointestinal hormones liberated locally after a meal limit the rate of absorption of salt and water at that time, perhaps to maintain the fluidity of luminal contents for digestion to occur. More rapid short-term regulation of salt and water absorption in localized areas of the intestine may be exerted by peptide secretions from the enteric nervous system and paracrine cells. Cholinergic and adrenergic effects on secretion and absorption respectively may be responsible for maintaining an overall balance, and there is reasonable evidence in favour of this view. There is also strong circumstantial evidence to support a role for VIP in intestinal secretion. VIP may also play a part in mediating secretory diarrhoea. A role for the large number of other neurotransmitters remains uncertain but it is likely that overall control is maintained by a combination of counter-balancing factors. Finally, under pathological circumstances, where damage to the intestine liberates such mediators of the inflammatory response as prostaglandins, histamine and bradykinin, intestinal secretion may occur and be responsible for the diarrhoea associated with these diseases.
Management of Clinically Localized Prostatic Cancer
Authors: Willet F. Whitmore
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Two timely and relevant reports concerning the management of clinically localized prostatic cancer are included in this issue ofThe Journal. The apparently rising incidence of and mortality with this neoplasm coupled with an expanding population and an increasing life expectancy have made prostatic cancer a major medical and socioeconomic problem. Recognized clinically primarily during the terminal third of the life span and characterized by an often protracted course, rational decisions regarding treatment are compromised by the inability to predict reliably either the life expectancy of the individual host or the natural course of the particular neoplasm. Confounding therapeutic decisions are long-persisting uncertainties regarding the relative merits of surgical excision, irradiation, and watchful waiting, not only with respect to cause-specific survival but also relative to the quality of life between diagnosis and death. See also pp 2633 and 2650. The report by Fleming et al<sup>1</sup>uses decision analysis to
Highlights of This Issue
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2014)

MLN9708 (ixazomib citrate) is an oral next-generation proteasome inhibitor (PI) currently in phase III trials in multiple myeloma patients, but with a yet-unknown effect on myeloma-associated bone disease. Garcia-Gomez and colleagues show that clinically relevant concentrations of ixazomib promote osteoblast differentiation and function and inhibit osteoclast formation and resorption in vitro. Also, in a disseminated myeloma mouse model, ixazomib controls myeloma growth and prevents bone loss, as assessed by bone-forming and anticatabolic activities. Thus, it is conceivable that MLN9708, similar to the first-in-class PI bortezomib, will achieve beneficial bone effects, in addition to antimyeloma activity in myeloma patients.Hedgehog-GLI signaling is upregulated in a proportion of lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC), but no studies to date evaluate its role in LSCC. Here, Huang and colleagues identified overexpression of HEDGEHOG-GLI components in the classical subtype of LSCC via genomic analysis. In representative cell lines, they demonstrated that GLI2 was important for LSCC cell survival, whereas SMOOTHENED plays a minor role. Importantly, they reported that the GLI inhibitor GANT61 successfully suppressed tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo and thus shows promise as a novel targeted therapy for a subset of LSCC patients.The combination therapy of sorafenib and TACE is considered an alternative for patients with unresectable HCC. The assessment of tumor response to this therapy is particularly crucial in determining treatment success. To define the earliest time at which the response to combination therapy could be accurately assessed, Liu and colleagues demonstrated that the available criteria EASL and mRECIST responses assessed after 3 to 4 months of therapy are more reliable for detecting the early changes in the tumor and can be considered valuable early indicators for making subsequent therapeutic decisions and predicting long-term survival.Analysis of cell-free plasma DNA represents an attractive strategy for noninvasive genotyping of advanced cancer patients. Oxnard and colleagues designed quantitative plasma-based genotyping assays for EGFR, KRAS, and BRAF mutations using droplet digital PCR and demonstrated a high positive predictive value in patients with advanced lung cancer and melanoma. Serial analysis of plasma from lung cancer patients on a prospective trial of first-line erlotinib demonstrated high pretreatment EGFR levels, complete plasma response, and detection of a T790M resistance mutation weeks prior to clinical progression, suggesting potential as a noninvasive clinical tool for characterizing treatment response and resistance.
Abstract 1562: Long-term Results (up To 19 Years) Of Balloon Angioplasty Of Coarctation Of The Aorta On Systemic Hypertension And Left Ventricular Hypertrophy.
Authors: Walid Hassan, Mohamed Fawzy, Jehad Al Buraiki, Mohamed Al Amri, Mohamed Shoukri, Charles Canver
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Aim : To define the long-term effect of balloon angioplasty (BA) of aortic coarctation (AC) on systemic hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in adolescent and adult patients. Methods : Follow-up data of 53 patients (mean age 24 ± 9 years) undergoing BA for discrete AC at median interval of 12.5 years (range 5–19 years) including cardiac catheterization, MRI and Echocardiography form the basis of this study. Patients were divided into two groups (A&amp;B) based on whether or not long-term antihypertensive therapy was required. Results : No early or late deaths occurred. Fifty-one patients had baseline hypertension, 49 patients had baseline LVH (92%), BA produced an immediate reduction in peak AC gradient from 66 ± 23 mmHg (95% confidence interval [CI]: 59.5 to 72.7) to 10.8 ± 7 mmHg (95% CI: 8.8 to 12.5) (p&lt; 0.0001). Follow-up catheterization 12 months later revealed a residual gradient of 6.2 ± 6 mmHg (95% CI: 4.4 to 7.9) (p&lt;0.001). The Doppler gradient across coarctation decreased from 59.6 ± 17 to 16 ± 8.4 mmHg at one year and 12.0 ± 6.9 mmHg at last follow-up. Left ventricular mass index (LVMI) decreased significantly in 48 patients (98%) from 132 ± 30.7 (95% CI: 122 to 141.9) to 86 ± 19.9 gram/m 2 (95% CI: 79.5 to 92.5)(p&lt;0.0001). The systolic blood pressure decreased from 165 ± 17 mmHg (95% CI: 159 to 171) to 125 ± 10 mmHg (95% CI: 122 to 131, p&lt;0.001) in 40 patients (group A) and from 184 ± 19 mmHg (95% CI: 169 to 198) to 142 ± 22 mmHg (95% CI: 124 to 156, p&lt;0.001) in 11 patients (group B). The blood pressure had normalized without medication in 40 (78%) of the 51 patients (165 ± 17 mmHg to 115 ± 10 mmHg). Conclusion : Long-term results of BA for discrete AC are excellent and should be considered as first option for treatment of this disease; Regression of LVH (≥ 20% reduction in LVMI) occurred in 98% of patients after BA and only 22% of patients required medications for hypertension.
CHOLESTEROL PERICARDITIS
Authors: A S MOE, F J CAMPOS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1957)

Excerpt Cholesterol pericarditis is a very rare disease and, at present, very poorly understood. Reports of only 11 cases have appeared in the world literature, four of them in American medical journals.1, 2, 3, 9 The first reported autopsy was done on one of the latter cases. The present case is the twelfth reported, and the second in this country in which an autopsy was performed. It is therefore understandable that the disease at this time is far from being well known, especially from the standpoint of pathogenesis. This will be discussed in more detail later in this paper. CASE REPORT
A 47-Year-Old Woman With Ductal Carcinoma In Situ of the Breast
Authors: Cassandra Foens
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Some comments regarding radiation therapy made in the recent Clinical Crossroads on DCIS<sup>1</sup>could use clarification. The NSABP B-17 protocol was a trial designed to evaluate the difference between lumpectomy alone and lumpectomy with radiation therapy in women presenting with DCIS. The results, published in 1993,<sup>2</sup>clearly show an advantage with radiation. Five-year event-free survival was better in women who received radiation therapy, and this improvement was attributable to a reduction in ipsilateral local recurrence. With surgery alone, 16% of women had ipsilateral recurrences, and the recurrences were evenly divided between invasive and noninvasive types. However, only 7% of women treated with surgery and radiation developed ipsilateral recurrence, and most of these (20 [71%] of 28) were noninvasive, ie, more DCIS. This resulted in a statistically significant reduction in invasive breast cancer recurrence. When discussing the risks of radiation-induced cancers, Dr Morrow comments on a