tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Independent response modulation of visual cortical neurons by attentional and behavioral states
Authors: Takahiro Kanamori, Thomas D. Mrsic-Flogel
Journal: Neuron (2022)

Sensory processing is influenced by cognitive and behavioral states, but how these states interact to modulate responses of individual neurons is unknown. We trained mice in a visual discrimination task wherein they attended to different locations within a hemifield while running or sitting still, enabling us to examine how visual responses are modulated by spatial attention and running behavior. We found that spatial attention improved discrimination performance and strengthened visual responses of excitatory neurons in the primary visual cortex whose receptive fields overlapped with the attended location. Although individual neurons were modulated by both spatial attention and running, the magnitudes of these influences were not correlated. While running-dependent modulation was stable across days, attentional modulation was dynamic, influencing individual neurons to different degrees after repeated changes in attentional states. Thus, despite similar effects on neural responses, spatial attention and running act independently with different dynamics, implying separable mechanisms for their implementation.
Oral Methylprednisolone and Decline in Kidney Function or Kidney Failure in Patients With IgA Nephropathy—Reply
Authors: Muh Geot Wong, Jicheng Lv, Vlado Perkovic
Journal: JAMA (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Reporting Error
Journal: JAMA (2022)

and Development Investment Needed to Bring a New Medicine to Market, 2009Market, -2018," ," published in the March 3, 2020, issue of JAMA, 1 was corrected to update data throughout the article.The data changes originated because of corrections to one of the studies used as a source for clinical trial success rates.In addition to updated data throughout the Original Investigation, accompanying Editorials and Letters necessitated corrections to data. 2-6These articles have been corrected online, and a letter of explanation appears in this issue. 7
High-fructose feeding suppresses cold-stimulated brown adipose tissue glucose uptake independently of changes in thermogenesis and the gut microbiome
Authors: Gabriel Richard, Denis P. Blondin, Saad A. Syed, Laura Rossi, Michelle E. Fontes, Mélanie Fortin, Serge Phoenix, Frédérique Frisch, Stéphanie Dubreuil, Brigitte Guérin, Éric E. Turcotte, Martin Lepage, Michael G. Surette, Jonathan D. Schertzer, Gregory R. Steinberg, Katherine M. Morrison, André C. Carpentier
Journal: Cell Reports Medicine (2022)

Diets rich in added sugars are associated with metabolic diseases, and studies have shown a link between these pathologies and changes in the microbiome. Given the reported associations in animal models between the microbiome and brown adipose tissue (BAT) function, and the alterations in the microbiome induced by high-glucose or high-fructose diets, we investigated the potential causal link between high-glucose or -fructose diets and BAT dysfunction in humans. Primary outcomes are changes in BAT cold-induced thermogenesis and the fecal microbiome (clinicaltrials.gov, NCT03188835). We show that BAT glucose uptake, but not thermogenesis, is impaired by a high-fructose but not high-glucose diet, in the absence of changes in the gastrointestinal microbiome. We conclude that decreased BAT glucose metabolism occurs earlier than other pathophysiological abnormalities during fructose overconsumption in humans. This is a potential confounding factor for studies relying on 18F-FDG to assess BAT thermogenesis.
An impossible biliary drainage? Fistulization of a degenerated intraductal papillary mucinous pancreatic neoplasm to the common bile duct
Authors: Pierre Mayer, Lucile Héroin, Leonardo Sosa-Valencia, Flavien Dautrecque, Patrick Pessaux, Antonio Saviano, François Habersetzer
Journal: Endoscopy (2022)

Intraductal papillary mucinous pancreatic neoplasms (IPMNs) are very common lesions. International guidelines recommend surveillance or more invasive management according to precise criteria [1]. A very rare complication of these lesions is the fistulization to an adjacent structure of the pancreas [2] [3].
Advancing T cell–based cancer therapy with single-cell technologies
Authors: Samantha L. Bucktrout, Nicholas E. Banovich, Lisa H. Butterfield, Cansu Cimen-Bozkus, Josephine R. Giles, Zinaida Good, Daniel Goodman, Vanessa D. Jonsson, Caleb Lareau, Alexander Marson, Denna M. Maurer, Paul V. Munson, Mike Stubbington, Sarah Taylor, Abbey Cutchin
Journal: Nature Medicine (2022)
New Gene Therapy for β-Thalassemia
Authors: Rita Rubin
Journal: JAMA (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
tRNA-m1A modification promotes T cell expansion via efficient MYC protein synthesis
Authors: Yongbo Liu, Jing Zhou, Xiaoyu Li, Xiaoting Zhang, Jintong Shi, Xuefei Wang, Hao Li, Shan Miao, Huifang Chen, Xiaoxiao He, Liting Dong, Gap Ryol Lee, Junke Zheng, Ru-Juan Liu, Bing Su, Youqiong Ye, Richard A. Flavell, Chengqi Yi, Yuzhang Wu, Hua-Bing Li
Journal: Nature Immunology (2022)
Bungles of Documentation
Journal: JAMA (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prevention of device‐related infections in patients with cancer: Current practice and future horizons
Authors: George M. Viola, Ariel D. Szvalb, Alexandre E. Malek, Anne‐Marie Chaftari, Ray Hachem, Issam I. Raad
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (2022)

Over the past several years, multifaceted advances in the management of cancer have led to a significant improvement in survival rates. Throughout patients' oncological journeys, they will likely receive one or more implantable devices for the administration of fluids and medications as well as management of various comorbidities and complications related to cancer therapy. Infections associated with these devices are frequent and complex, often necessitating device removal, increasing health care costs, negatively affecting quality of life, and complicating oncological care, usually leading to delays in further life-saving cancer therapy. Herein, the authors comprehensively review multiple evidence-based recommendations along with best practices, expert opinions, and novel approaches for the prevention of diverse device-related infections. The authors present many general principles for the prevention of these infections followed by specific device-related recommendations in a systematic manner. The continuous involvement and meaningful cooperation between regulatory entities, industry, specialty medical societies, hospitals, and infection control-targeted interventions, along with primary care and consulting health care providers, are all vital for the sustained reduction in the incidence of these preventable infections.
Gastric submucosal tumor with extraluminal growth: successful resection with transgastric natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery
Authors: Yue Hu, Liang Huang, Kengxu Hu, Jing Zhao, Bin Lu
Journal: Endoscopy (2022)

A 56-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital for endoscopic resection of a 2.8-cm gastric fundus submucosal lesion ([Fig. 1]) incidentally found during a screening endoscopy. An extraluminal component was seen on an abdominal enhanced computed tomography (CT) scan ([Fig. 1]). The lesion was hypoechoic and originated from the muscle layer on endoscopic ultrasonography ([Fig. 2]).
Detachment of an enteroscope spiral fragment during anterograde motorized spiral enteroscopy
Authors: Lucas Barthet, Nicolas Benech, Alexandru Lupu, Mathieu Pioche, Jean-Christophe Saurin
Journal: Endoscopy (2022)

Motorized spiral enteroscopy is a recent technology for deep enteroscopy that uses a 3 cm diameter spiral attached to the tip of an endoscope to facilitate examination of the small bowel. Introduced a few years ago, it has since proved its efficacy and safety in prospective studies [1]. We report the detachment of a spiral ring during motorized spiral enteroscopy during small-bowel tumor examination.
JAMA Dermatology
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2022)

Mission Statement JAMA Dermatology's mission is to elevate the art and science of health and diseases of skin, hair, nails, and mucous membranes, and their treatment, to enable dermatologists to deliver evidence-based, high-value medical and surgical dermatologic care.The journal publishes a broad range of innovative studies and trials that shift research and clinical practice paradigms, expand the understanding of the burden of dermatologic diseases and key outcomes, improve the practice of dermatology, and ensure equitable care to all patients.The journal also features research and opinion examining ethical, moral, socioeconomic, educational, and political issues relevant to dermatologists to enable ongoing improvement to the workforce, scope of practice, and the training of future dermatologists.JAMA Dermatology aims to be a leader in developing initiatives to improve diversity, equity, and inclusion within the specialty and within dermatology medical publishing.
Outbreak of Acute Gastroenteritis Among Rafters and Backpackers in the Backcountry of Grand Canyon National Park, April–June 2022
Authors: Ariella P. Dale, Shanna Miko, Laura E. Calderwood, Ronan F. King, Matthew Maurer, Laurie Dyer, Marette Gebhardt, Wendy Maurer, Shawna Crosby, Mary E. Wikswo, Maria A. Said, Sara A. Mirza
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2022)

On May 11, 2022, the National Park Service (NPS) Office of Public Health (OPH) and Coconino County Health and Human Services (CCHHS) in Flagstaff, Arizona contacted CDC about a rising number of acute gastroenteritis cases among backcountry visitors to Grand Canyon National Park (Grand Canyon). The agencies reviewed illness report forms, assessed infection prevention and control (IPC) practices, and distributed a detailed survey to river rafters and hikers with backcountry permits (backpackers) who visited the Grand Canyon backcountry. During April 1-June 17, a total of 191 rafters and 31 backpackers reported symptoms consistent with acute gastroenteritis. Specimens from portable toilets used by nine river rafting trip groups were tested using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and test results were positive for norovirus. Norovirus-associated acute gastroenteritis is highly transmissible in settings with close person-to-person contact and decreased access to hand hygiene, such as backpacking or rafting. IPC assessments led to recommendations for regular disinfection of potable water spigots throughout the backcountry, promotion of proper handwashing with soap and water when possible, and separation of ill persons from those who are not ill. Prevention and control of acute gastroenteritis outbreaks in the backcountry requires rapid reporting of illnesses, implementing IPC guidelines for commercial outfitters and river rafting launch points, and minimizing interactions among rafting groups.
Gut metagenomic characteristics of ADHD reveal low <i>Bacteroides ovatus</i> -associated host cognitive impairment
Authors: Yan Li, Haiting Sun, Yufen Huang, Anqi Yin, Linjuan Zhang, Jiao Han, Yixuan Lyu, Xiangzhao Xu, Yifang Zhai, Huan Sun, Ping Wang, Jinyang Zhao, Silong Sun, Hailong Dong, Feng Zhu, Qiang Wang, Luis Augusto Rohde, Xuefeng Xie, Xin Sun, Lize Xiong
Journal: Gut Microbes (2022)

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly heterogeneous psychiatric disorder that can have three phenotypical presentations: inattentive (I-ADHD), hyperactive-impulsive (HI-ADHD), and combined (C-ADHD). Environmental factors correlated with the gut microbiota community have been implicated in the development of ADHD. However, whether different ADHD symptomatic presentations are associated with distinct microbiota compositions and whether patients could benefit from the correction of aberrant bacterial colonization are still largely unclear. We carried out metagenomic shotgun analysis with 207 human fecal samples to characterize the gut microbial profiles of patients with ADHD grouped according to their phenotypical presentation. Then, we transplanted the candidate low-abundance bacteria identified in patient subgroups into ADHD rats and evaluated ADHD-associated behaviors and neuronal activation in these rats. Patients with C-ADHD had a different gut microbial composition from that of healthy controls (HCs) (p = .02), but not from that of I-ADHD patients. Eight species became progressively attenuated or enriched when comparing the compositions of HCs to those of I-ADHD and C-ADHD; in particular, the abundance of Bacteroides ovatus was depleted in patients with C-ADHD. In turn, Bacteroides ovatus supplementation ameliorated spatial working memory deficits and reversed θ electroencephalogram rhythm alterations in ADHD rats. In addition, Bacteroides ovatus induced enhanced neuronal activation in the hippocampal CA1 subregion. These findings indicate that gut microbial characteristics that are unique to patients with C-ADHD may be masked when considering a more heterogeneous group of patients. We link the gut microbiota to brain function in an ADHD animal model, suggesting the relevance of testing a potential bacteria-based intervention for some aspects of ADHD.
Supporting Women’s Health Choices—Challenges Facing Breast Cancer Survivors Today
Authors: Maryam B. Lustberg
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

Matteo Lambertini, MD, PhD; Claudia Massarotti, MD; Julie Havas, MSc; Barbara Pistilli, MD; Anne-Laure Martin, MD; Alexandra Jacquet, PhD; Charles Coutant, MD; Florence Coussy, MD; Asma Dhaini Mérimèche, MD; Florence Lerebours, MD; Christine Rousset-Jablonski, MD, PhD; Christelle Jouannaud, MD; Olivier Rigal, MD; Marion Fournier, MD; Patrick Soulie, MD; Maria Alice Franzoi, MD; Lucia Del Mastro, MD; Ann H. Partridge, MD, MPH; Fabrice André, MD, PhD; Ines Vaz-Luis, MD, PhD; Antonio Di Meglio, MD, PhD
METTL16 antagonizes MRE11-mediated DNA end resection and confers synthetic lethality to PARP inhibition in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Xiangyu Zeng, Fei Zhao, Gaofeng Cui, Yong Zhang, Rajashree A. Deshpande, Yuping Chen, Min Deng, Jake A. Kloeber, Yu Shi, Qin Zhou, Chao Zhang, Jing Hou, Wootae Kim, Xinyi Tu, Yuanliang Yan, Zhijie Xu, Lifeng Chen, Huanyao Gao, Guijie Guo, Jiaqi Liu, Qian Zhu, Yueyu Cao, Jinzhou Huang, Zheming Wu, Shouhai Zhu, Ping Yin, Kuntian Luo, Georges Mer, Tanya T. Paull, Jian Yuan, Kaixiong Tao, Zhenkun Lou
Journal: Nature Cancer (2022)
Fast endoscopic rendezvous to the rescue after maldeployment of lumen-apposing metal stent during endoscopic ultrasound-guided choledochoduodenostomy
Authors: Elia Armellini, Flavio Metelli, Antonio Piazzini Albani, Lorenzo Vescovi, Luisella Spinelli, Fabio Pace
Journal: Endoscopy (2022)

A 70-year-old woman with acute cholangitis was referred to our unit for treatment. Complex choledocholithiasis with impacted stones prevented endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and the patient underwent biliary drainage by endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided choledochoduodenostomy (CDS) using a cautery-enhanced 8 × 8-mm lumen-apposing metal stent (LAMS) over a guidewire.
Comparison of Severity of Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause Symptoms After Carbon Dioxide Laser vs Vaginal Estrogen Therapy
Authors: Yeu-Chai Jang, Chi Yan Leung, Hsi-Lan Huang
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

Importance Vaginal estrogen for genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) should be used with caution in women with contraindications, highlighting the need for effective treatment alternatives. Objective To compare the severity of GSM after vaginal laser vs estrogen therapy. Data Sources The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for articles published from database inception to April 8, 2022, with no language restrictions. Reference lists were also searched. Study Selection Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that compared the use of lasers with vaginal estrogen in adults were selected. Data Extraction and Synthesis Two investigators independently extracted data from included studies. The Cochrane risk of bias tool for RCTs was used to assess risk of bias of each study. A random-effects model was used to pool mean differences (MDs) with 95% CIs. Main Outcomes and Measures Primary outcomes were Vaginal Analog Scale (VAS; higher scores indicate severer symptoms), Vaginal Health Index (VHI; higher scores indicate better vaginal health), Vaginal Maturation Index (VMI; higher scores indicate higher estrogen effect on the vaginal epithelium), Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI; higher scores indicate better female sexual function), and Sexual Quotient–Female (SQ-F; higher scores indicate better female sexual function) questionnaire scores. Urinary symptoms were assessed as an additional outcome. Data analyses were performed from April 9 to 12, 2022. Results A total of 6 RCTs with 270 women with GSM were included (135 were randomized to laser therapy and 135 to estrogen therapy; mean age ranged from 54.6 to 61.0 years). No significant differences were found between carbon dioxide laser and vaginal estrogen from baseline to the end of follow-up in overall VAS scores (MD, −0.16; 95% CI, −0.67 to 0.36; I 2 , 33.31%), VHI (MD, 0.20; 95% CI, −0.56 to 0.97; I 2 , 83.25%), VMI (MD, −0.56; 95% CI, −1.14 to 0.02; I 2 , 35.07%), FSFI (MD, −0.04; 95% CI, −0.45 to 0.36; I 2 , 41.60%), and SQ-F ( P = .37 based on 1 study). Other questionnaire-based outcome measures demonstrated no difference between groups from baseline to the end of follow-up for changes in urinary symptoms. Conclusions and Relevance This systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs found that vaginal laser treatment is associated with similar improvement in genitourinary symptoms as vaginal estrogen therapy. Further research is needed to test whether vaginal laser therapy could be a potential treatment option for women with contraindications to vaginal estrogen.
Instant and Tough Adhesives for Rapid Gastric Perforation and Traumatic Pneumothorax Sealing
Authors: Xiaowei Liu, Ying Yang, Haojie Yu, Li Wang, Yan Sheng, Zhikun Huang, Jian Yang, Zhipeng Ni, Di Shen
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2022)

Abstract Hydrogel adhesives are hot spots due to their ubiquity and practical relevance. However, achieving a robust wet adhesion is still a challenge due to the preferential formation of hydrogen bonds between interfacial fluids and bulk hydrogel, as well as targeted substrates. Herein, a half‐dry adhesive consisting of a silk fibroin (SF) semi‐interpenetrating network and poly(acrylic acid) covalent network, which can allow a rapid liquid adsorption and repulsion process encountering a wet tissue, is reported. The remaining water enables excellent hydrogel flexibility to a dynamic surface, while the β ‐sheet fold endows its tough bulk strength under the peeling‐off process. Notably, the wet adhesion energy versus porcine skin is 1440 J m −2 due to the combination of hydrogen bonds, electrostatic interactions, and chain entanglement derived from SF. In particular, both in vitro and in vivo outcomes indicate excellent hemostatic effects and result in incision closure of skin, artery, gastric perforation, and lung. After the first‐stage closure, polyacrylic‐silk fibroin adhesive (PSA) sealants can detach from the lung surface, fitting well to the healing period. By virtue of the reliable adhesion and good noncytotoxicity, PSA may be a prospective candidate for tissue sealant and drug carrier applications.