tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Adjuvant Chemotherapy After Radical Nephroureterectomy for Locally Advanced and/or Positive Regional Lymph Node Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma
Authors: Thomas Seisen, Ross E. Krasnow, Joaquim Bellmunt, Morgan Rouprêt, Jeffrey J. Leow, Stuart R. Lipsitz, Malte W. Vetterlein, Mark A. Preston, Nawar Hanna, Adam S. Kibel, Maxine Sun, Toni K. Choueiri, Quoc-Dien Trinh, Steven L. Chang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

Purpose There is limited evidence to support the use of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) after radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). Against this backdrop, we hypothesized that such treatment is associated with overall survival (OS) benefit in patients with locally advanced and/or positive regional lymph node disease. Patients and Methods Within the National Cancer Database (2004 to 2012), we identified 3,253 individuals who received AC or observation after RNU for pT3/T4 and/or pN+ UTUC. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) –adjusted Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were used to compare OS of patients in the two treatment groups. In addition, we performed exploratory analyses of treatment effect according to age, gender, Charlson comorbidity index, pathologic stage (pT3/T4N0, pT3/T4Nx and pTanyN+), and surgical margin status. Results Overall, 762 (23.42%) and 2,491 (76.58%) patients with pT3/T4 and/or pN+ UTUC received AC and observation, respectively, after RNU. IPTW-adjusted Kaplan-Meier curves showed that median OS was significantly longer for AC versus observation (47.41 [interquartile range,19.88 to 112.39] v 35.78 [interquartile range, 14.09 to 99.22] months; P &lt; .001). The 5-year IPTW-adjusted rates of OS for AC versus observation were 43.90% and 35.85%, respectively. In IPTW-adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression analysis, AC was associated with a significant OS benefit (hazard ratio, 0.77 [95% CI, 0.68 to 0.88]; P &lt; .001). This benefit was consistent across all subgroups examined (all P &lt; .05), and no significant heterogeneity of treatment effect was observed (all P interaction &gt; .05). Conclusion We report an OS benefit in patients who received AC versus observation after RNU for pT3/T4 and/or pN+ UTUC. Although our results are limited by the usual biases related to the observational study design, we believe that the present findings should be considered when advising post-RNU management of advanced UTUC, pending level I evidence.
A Redox-Based Mechanism for Cardioprotection Induced by Ischemic Preconditioning in Perfused Rat Heart
Authors: Weina Chen, Scott Gabel, Charles Steenbergen, Elizabeth Murphy
Journal: Circulation Research (1995)

Abstract Recent studies have suggested that mild redox alterations can regulate cell function. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that alteration in the thiol redox state might be responsible for the cardioprotective effects conferred by ischemic preconditioning in the perfused rat heart. We find that preconditioning with four 5-minute periods of ischemia, each separated by 5 minutes of reflow, is associated with a significant loss of glutathione (3.98±0.32 μmol/g dry wt, n=8) compared with no preconditioning (6.38±0.24 μmol/g dry wt, n=14). We further find that the addition of N -acetylcysteine (NAC, a glutathione precursor and antioxidant) during the preconditioning protocol not only blocks the loss of glutathione (5.60±0.31 μmol/g dry wt, n=9) but also blocks the protective effects of preconditioning. It is observed that after 20 minutes of ischemia followed by 20 minutes of reflow, untreated hearts recover 38±7% (n=5) of their initial preischemic contractile function, whereas preconditioned hearts recover 91±11% (n=7). Hearts preconditioned in the presence of NAC recover 24±3% (n=7) of their preischemic function. Similarly, the addition of NAC reverses the protective effect of preconditioning on creatine kinase release. On reflow after 60 minutes of ischemia, creatine kinase release from control hearts was 271±20 IU · 20 min −1 · g dry wt −1 (n=5), whereas preconditioned hearts release only 170±26 IU · 20 min −1 · g dry wt −1 (n=6), and hearts preconditioned in the presence of NAC release 361±30 IU · 20 min −1 · g dry wt −1 (n=5). We also find that hearts preconditioned in the presence of NAC have less attenuation of the decline in pH i than hearts preconditioned in the absence of drug. Thus, a redox-sensitive mechanism may be involved in the protection afforded by ischemic preconditioning.
Management of Patients With Fever and Neutropenia Through the Arc of Time
Authors: Philip A. Pizzo
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2019)

The association between fever and neutropenia and the risk for life-threatening infections in patients receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy has been known for 50 years. Indeed, infectious complications have been a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with cancer. This review chronicles the progress in defining and developing approaches to the management of fever and neutropenia through observational and controlled clinical trials done by single institutions, as well as by national and international collaborative groups. The resultant data have led to recommendations and guidelines from professional societies and frame the current principles of management. Recommendations include those guiding new treatment options (from monotherapy to oral antibiotic therapy) and use of prophylactic antimicrobial regimens in high-risk patients. Of note, risk factors have changed with the advent of hematopoietic cytokines (especially granulocyte colony-stimulating factor) in shortening the duration of neutropenia, as well as with the discovery of more targeted cancer treatments that do not result in cytotoxicity, although these are still the exception. Most guiding principles that were developed decades ago—about when to begin empirical treatment after a neutropenic patient becomes febrile, whether and how to modify the initial treatment regimen (especially in patients with protracted neutropenia), and how long to continue antimicrobial therapy—are still used today. This review describes how the treatment principles related to the management of fever and neutropenia have responded to changes in the patients at risk, the microbes responsible, and the tools for their treatment, while still being sustained over the arc of time.
Public Disclosure of Health Plan Quality of Care—Reply
Authors: Danny McCormick, David U. Himmelstein, Steffie Woolhandler, David H. Bor, Sidney M. Wolfe
Journal: JAMA (2003)

In Reply: Ms Ignagni and Dr Pawlson criticize us for using older HEDIS data. At the time our study was submitted in June 2001, NCQA had released neither HEDIS 2001 nor 2002. Moreover, we doubt that inclusion of more recent data would substantially alter our conclusions.
Risk of Cutaneous Vaccinia From Health Care Workers Who Receive Smallpox Vaccine—Reply
Authors: John M. Neff
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Public Disclosure of Health Plan Quality of Care
Authors: Onyebuchi A. Arah
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Clinical and Molecular Responses in Lung Cancer Patients Receiving Romidepsin
Authors: David S. Schrump, Maria R. Fischette, Dao M. Nguyen, Ming Zhao, Xinmin Li, Tricia F. Kunst, Ana Hancox, Julie A. Hong, G. Aaron Chen, Evgeny Kruchin, John J. Wright, Douglas R. Rosing, Alex Sparreboom, William D. Figg, Seth M. Steinberg
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Purpose: Our preclinical experiments indicated that Romidepsin (Depsipeptide FK228; DP) mediates growth arrest and apoptosis in cultured lung cancer cells. A phase II trial was done to examine clinical and molecular responses mediated by this histone deacetylase inhibitor in lung cancer patients. Experimental Design: Nineteen patients with neoplasms refractory to standard therapy received 4-h DP infusions (17.8 mg/m2) on days 1 and 7 of a 21-day cycle. Each full course of therapy consisted of two identical 21-day cycles. Plasma DP levels were evaluated by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry techniques. A variety of molecular end points were assessed in tumor biopsies via immunohistochemistry techniques. Long oligo arrays were used to examine gene expression profiles in laser-captured tumor cells before and after DP exposure, relative to lung cancer cells and adjacent normal bronchial epithelia from patients undergoing pulmonary resections. Results: Nineteen patients were evaluable for toxicity assessment; 18 were evaluable for treatment response. Myelosuppression was dose limiting in one individual. No significant cardiac toxicities were observed. Maximum steady-state plasma DP concentrations ranged from 384 to 1,114 ng/mL. No objective responses were observed. Transient stabilization of disease was noted in nine patients. DP enhanced acetylation of histone H4, increased p21 expression in lung cancer cells, and seemed to shift global gene expression profiles in these cells toward those detected in normal bronchial epithelia. Conclusion: Although exhibiting minimal clinical efficacy at this dose and schedule, DP mediates biological effects that may warrant further evaluation of this histone deacetylase inhibitor in combination with novel-targeted agents in lung cancer patients.
Transdermal Delivery of Photosensitizer‐Catalase Conjugate by Fluorinated Polyethylenimine for Enhanced Topical Photodynamic Therapy of Bacterial Infections
Authors: Hairong Wang, Yi Xie, Yanling Chen, He Zhao, Xinjing Lv, Zimu Zhang, Gen Li, Jian Pan, Jian Wang, Zhuang Liu
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Pathogenic bacteria induce subcutaneous infections pose serious threats to global public health. Recently, photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been proposed as a non-invasive approach for anti-microbial treatment without the risk to induce drug resistance. However, due to the hypoxic environment of most anaerobiont-infected sites, the therapeutic efficacy of oxygen consuming PDT has been limited. Herein, a transdermal delivery system is reported to allow effective delivery of photosensitizers into infected skin for PDT treatment of skin infections by bacteria. Considering the overproduction of hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) in the abscess area, catalase (CAT), an enzyme that triggers H2 O2 decomposition to generate O2 , is conjugated with chlorine e6 (Ce6) to form a photosensitizer conjugate (Ce6-CAT) as an enhanced PDT agent against Staphylococcus Aureus. After screening a series of fluorinated low molecular weight polyethylenimine (F-PEI) with different fluorination degrees, the optimized F-PEI formulation is identified with the best transdermal delivery ability system. Upon mixing, the formed Ce6-CAT@F-PEI nanocomplex shows effective transdermal penetration after being applied to the skin surface. With light exposure of the infected skin, highly effective in vivo anti-bacterial PDT therapeutic effect with Ce6-CAT@F-PEI is observed. This work proposes a transdermal PDT therapeutic nanomedicine particularly promising for the anti-bacterial treatment of skin infections.
Oxidative Stimuli‐Responsive “Pollen‐Like” Exosomes from Silver Nanoflowers Remodeling Diabetic Wound Microenvironment for Accelerating Wound Healing
Authors: Yahong Chen, Muhammad Rizwan Younis, Gang He, Zhiwei Zheng, Yun Wang, Ke Xue, Jian Sun, Kai Liu, Peng Huang, Xiansong Wang
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

The hostile oxidative wound microenvironment, defective angiogenesis, and uncontrolled release of therapeutic factors are major challenges in improving the diabetic wound healing. Herein, adipose-derived-stem-cell-derived exosomes (Exos) are first loaded into Ag@bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanoflowers (Exos-Ag@BSA NFs) to form a protective "pollen-flower" delivery structure, which are further encapsulated into the injectable collagen (Col) hydrogel (Exos-Ag@BSA NFs/Col) for concurrent remodeling of the oxidative wound microenvironment and precise release of Exos. The Exos-Ag@BSA NFs can selectively dissociate in an oxidative wound microenvironment, which triggers sustained release of Ag ions (Ag+ ) and cascades controllable release of "pollen-like" Exos at the target site, thus protecting Exos from oxidative denaturation. Such a wound-microenvironment-activated release property of Ag+ and Exos effectively eliminates bacteria and promotes the apoptosis of impaired oxidative cells, resulting in improved regenerative microenvironment. Additionally, Exos-Ag@BSA NFs/Col markedly accelerates wound healing and regeneration in vivo in a diabetic murine silicone-splinted excisional wound model by promoting blood perfusion, tissue granulation, collagen deposition, neovascularization, angiogenesis, and re-epithelization. It is anticipated that this work will inspire the development of more delicate and disease-specific therapeutic systems for clinical wound management.
Sabotaging the protein factory to overcome glioma stem cell resistance
Authors: Santiago Haase, Pedro R Lowenstein, Maria G Castro
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2023)

Journal Article Sabotaging the protein factory to overcome glioma stem cell resistance Get access Santiago Haase, Santiago Haase Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USADepartment of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USARogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5964-0748 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Pedro R Lowenstein, Pedro R Lowenstein Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USADepartment of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USARogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USADepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8427-4409 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Maria G Castro Maria G Castro Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USADepartment of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USARogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA Corresponding Author: Maria G. Castro, PhD, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (mariacas@med.umich.edu). Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Neuro-Oncology, Volume 25, Issue 8, August 2023, Pages 1441–1442, https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noad090 Published: 13 May 2023 Article history Published: 13 May 2023 Corrected and typeset: 30 May 2023
Coagulation support during perioperative bleeding management
Authors: Derek J. B. Kleinveld, Nicola Curry, Jerrold H. Levy
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2023)

Bleeding is a leading cause of perioperative mortality [1].In a perioperative setting, damage control surgery with massive transfusion protocols (MTPs) are therapeutic approaches used clinically to manage patients with major bleeding.Massive transfusion is arbitrarily defined as receiving 10 or more red blood cell units in 24 h.MTPs include blood components or whole blood, along with coagulation factor concentrates, including prothrombin complex concentrates (PCCs) and fibrinogen, and are often based on a bleeding management algorithm that may include tranexamic acid, an antifibrinolytic agent [2].To guide bleeding management, coagulation monitoring includes conventional coagulation tests (e.g., platelet counts, prothrombin time, and fibrinogen level), and/or viscoelastic testing (VET).In addition, haemostatic support is used to optimize haemostasis, while surgeons correct the site-specific bleeding, a strategy that requires collaboration among multiple clinicians, blood services, and in-hospital logistics.In this review, we will examine therapeutic approaches for haemostatic management during perioperative bleeding.
Further evidence for the long-term safety of guselkumab
Authors: Antonia Lloyd-Lavery
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2023)

Journal Article Corrected proof Further evidence for the long-term safety of guselkumab Get access Antonia Lloyd-Lavery Antonia Lloyd-Lavery Department of Dermatology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK Correspondence: Antonia Lloyd-Lavery. Email: antonia.lloyd-lavery@ouh.nhs.uk https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2339-0596 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, ljad161, https://doi.org/10.1093/bjd/ljad161 Published: 13 May 2023 Article history Received: 02 May 2023 Revision received: 04 May 2023 Accepted: 05 May 2023 Published: 13 May 2023 Corrected and typeset: 14 June 2023
Antibacterial Carbon Dots: Mechanisms, Design, and Applications
Authors: Wen‐Bo Zhao, Kai‐Kai Liu, Yong Wang, Fu‐Kui Li, Rui Guo, Shi‐Yu Song, Chong‐Xin Shan
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Abstract The increase in antibiotic resistance promotes the situation of developing new antibiotics at the forefront, while the development of non‐antibiotic pharmaceuticals is equally significant. In the post‐antibiotic era, nanomaterials with high antibacterial efficiency and no drug resistance make them attractive candidates for antibacterial materials. Carbon dots (CDs), as a kind of carbon‐based zero‐dimensional nanomaterial, are attracting much attention for their multifunctional properties. The abundant surface states, tunable photoexcited states, and excellent photo‐electron transfer properties make sterilization of CDs feasible and are gradually emerging in the antibacterial field. This review provides comprehensive insights into the recent development of CDs in the antibacterial field. The topics include mechanisms, design, and optimization processes, and their potential practical applications are also highlighted, such as treatment of bacterial infections, against bacterial biofilms, antibacterial surfaces, food preservation, and bacteria imaging and detection. Meanwhile, the challenges and outlook of CDs in the antibacterial field are discussed and proposed.
Successful tapering of dupilumab in patients with atopic dermatitis with low disease activity: a large pragmatic daily practice study from the BioDay registry
Authors: Lotte S Spekhorst, Celeste M Boesjes, Laura Loman, Nicolaas P A Zuithoff, Daphne S Bakker, Esmé Kamphuis, Marijke Kamsteeg, Inge M Haeck, Albert J Oosting, Paula P M van Lumig, Anneke M T van Lynden-van Nes, Ron A Tupker, Annebeth Flinterman, Floor M Garritsen, Wouter R H Touwslager, Marjolein S de Bruin-Weller, Marie-Louise A Schuttelaar, Marlies de Graaf
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2023)

Abstract Background Limited data are available regarding patient-centred dosing of dupilumab for atopic dermatitis (AD) in daily practice. Objectives To evaluate our patient-centred dupilumab dosing regimen in daily practice, to assess prognostic factors for successful tapering and to estimate medication-related cost savings. Methods This prospective multicentre study included adult patients with AD, participating in the BioDay registry, treated with dupilumab for ≥ 1.3 years. Interval prolongation was considered in the case of dupilumab standard dose for ≥ 1 year and persistent controlled AD [Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) ≤ 7; ≥ 6 months]. Primary endpoints were the mean EASI and Numeric Rating Scale (NRS)-pruritus after the start of tapering. Prognostic factors for successful tapering were analysed with logistic regression and a cost-savings analysis was performed. Results A total of 595 patients were included, of whom 401 patients [mean EASI 2.5 (SD 2.3); NRS-pruritus of 2.4 (SD 1.9) at the start of tapering] prolonged their dupilumab interval. In 83.3% of these patients tapering was successful; most patients used dupilumab every 3 or 4 weeks (Q3W/Q4W). A significant small increase was observed for EASI (highest mean 3.5) and NRS-pruritus (highest mean 3.2) (P &amp;lt; 0.001); however, scores remained low. Predicting successful tapering showed nonsignificant odds ratios for all incorporated variables. The estimated cost savings was €3 977 033.98 for 401 patients between January 2019 and June 2022. Conclusions This study showed successful tapering of dupilumab in 83.3% of patients with AD who attempted tapering, while maintaining controlled disease and with the majority using Q3W/Q4W. Interval prolongation can be beneficial both for the patient and from a socio-economic perspective.
Skin swabs in the skin lymphoma clinic: from swab to treatment
Authors: Elizabeth Peterknecht, Julia Scarisbrick
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2023)

The skin microbiome in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) is a growing area of research. Previous studies have highlighted the possibility of microbial dysbiosis in chronic inflammation and malignant transformation in CTCL. This single, tertiary centre study highlights the importance of routine skin swab use in the management of patients with CTCL and suggests future research developments.
Retraction of: PTEN loss drives resistance to the neddylation inhibitor MLN4924 in glioblastoma and can be overcome with TOP2A inhibitors
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2023)

The authors of this article wish to note that due to an error in the combination index calculation, their report of synergy (Figure 6C and6D) from the combinations of pevonedistat plus etoposide and pevonedistat plus doxorubicin in M059K and SNU1105 glioma cells was false.TOP2A inhibitors