tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Multi-night measurement for diagnosis and simplified monitoring of obstructive sleep apnoea
Authors: Bastien Lechat, Hannah Scott, Jack Manners, Robert Adams, Simon Proctor, Sutapa Mukherjee, Peter Catcheside, Danny J. Eckert, Andrew Vakulin, Amy C. Reynolds
Journal: Sleep Medicine Reviews (2023)

Substantial night-to-night variability in obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) severity has raised misdiagnosis and misdirected treatment concerns with the current prevailing single-night diagnostic approach. In-home, multi-night sleep monitoring technology may provide a feasible complimentary diagnostic pathway to improve both the speed and accuracy of OSA diagnosis and monitor treatment efficacy. This review describes the latest evidence on night-to-night variability in OSA severity, and its impact on OSA diagnostic misclassification. Emerging evidence for the potential impact of night-to-night variability in OSA severity to influence important health risk outcomes associated with OSA is considered. This review also characterises emerging diagnostic applications of wearable and non-wearable technologies that may provide an alternative, or complimentary, approach to traditional OSA diagnostic pathways. The required evidence to translate these devices into clinical care is also discussed. Appropriately sized randomised controlled trials are needed to determine the most appropriate and effective technologies for OSA diagnosis, as well as the optimal number of nights needed for accurate diagnosis and management. Potential risks versus benefits, patient perspectives, and cost-effectiveness of these novel approaches should be carefully considered in future trials.
Reply to Bernardo Rocco and Maria Chiara Sighinolfi’s Letter to the Editor re: Freddie C. Hamdy, Jenny L. Donovan, J. Athene Lane, et al. Fifteen-Year Outcomes after Monitoring, Surgery, or Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer. N Engl J Med 2023;388:1547–58
Authors: Freddie C. Hamdy, Jenny L. Donovan
Journal: European Urology (2023)
Selected Articles from This Issue
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2023)

Highlights| September 01 2023 Selected Articles from This Issue Author & Article Information Online ISSN: 1557-3265 Print ISSN: 1078-0432 ©2023 American Association for Cancer Research2023American Association for Cancer Research Clin Cancer Res (2023) 29 (17): 3251. https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-29-17-HI Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Article Versions Icon Versions Version of Record September 1 2023 Citation Selected Articles from This Issue. Clin Cancer Res 1 September 2023; 29 (17): 3251. https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-29-17-HI Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest Search Advanced Search Treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) with elective neck irradiation (ENI) has long been the standard of care despite the risk of toxicity to neighboring healthy organs at risk (OAR). Although dose reduction may lessen toxicity, specific targeting of individual malignant lymph nodes could minimize off-target toxicity while maintaining antitumoral efficacy. In a prospective phase II trial, Sher and colleagues demonstrated that individual lymph nodes can be classified as malignant or nonmalignant using artificial intelligence and, furthermore, that treatment with involved nodal radiotherapy using AI-based radiomics (INRT-AIR) successfully replaced ENI in patients with HNSCC for the first time, while maintaining less OAR toxicity and a higher quality-of-life. This highlights the promise of AI-guided precision radiation oncology. Although adjuvant treatment of resectable stage III/IV melanoma with ipilimumab is the only therapy shown to prolong patient overall survival (OS) to date, the phase III CheckMate 238 trial has demonstrated... You do not currently have access to this content.
Incidence of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Urban China: A Nationwide Population-based Study
Authors: Lu Xu, Bingjie He, Yexiang Sun, Jun Li, Peng Shen, Liming Hu, Guozhen Liu, Jinxi Wang, Liping Duan, Siyan Zhan, Shengfeng Wang
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2023)
Structure and dynamics of differential ligand binding in the human ρ-type GABAA receptor
Authors: John Cowgill, Chen Fan, Nandan Haloi, Victor Tobiasson, Yuxuan Zhuang, Rebecca J. Howard, Erik Lindahl
Journal: Neuron (2023)

The neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) drives critical inhibitory processes in and beyond the nervous system, partly via ionotropic type-A receptors (GABAARs). Pharmacological properties of ρ-type GABAARs are particularly distinctive, yet the structural basis for their specialization remains unclear. Here, we present cryo-EM structures of a lipid-embedded human ρ1 GABAAR, including a partial intracellular domain, under apo, inhibited, and desensitized conditions. An apparent resting state, determined first in the absence of modulators, was recapitulated with the specific inhibitor (1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)methylphosphinic acid and blocker picrotoxin and provided a rationale for bicuculline insensitivity. Comparative structures, mutant recordings, and molecular simulations with and without GABA further explained the sensitized but slower activation of ρ1 relative to canonical subtypes. Combining GABA with picrotoxin also captured an apparent uncoupled intermediate state. This work reveals structural mechanisms of gating and modulation with applications to ρ-specific pharmaceutical design and to our biophysical understanding of ligand-gated ion channels.
The virus-induced cyclic dinucleotide 2′3′-c-di-GMP mediates STING-dependent antiviral immunity in Drosophila
Authors: Hua Cai, Lihua Li, Kailey M. Slavik, Jingxian Huang, Ting Yin, Xianlong Ai, Léna Hédelin, Gabrielle Haas, Zhangmin Xiang, Yunyun Yang, Xiaoyan Li, Yuqiang Chen, Ziming Wei, Huimin Deng, Di Chen, Renjie Jiao, Nelson Martins, Carine Meignin, Philip J. Kranzusch, Jean-Luc Imler
Journal: Immunity (2023)
A Versatile Disorder‐to‐Order Technology to Upgrade Polymers into High‐Performance Bioinspired Materials (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 22/2023)
Authors: Shengyang Liu, Shicheng He, Can Chen, Chunwang Li, Wei Luo, Kaikai Zheng, Jing Wang, Zhiyong Li, Hongyan He, Qiang Chen, Yulin Li
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Biodegradable Polymers In article 2300068 by Qiang Chen, Yulin Li, and co-workers, a versatile disorder-to-order technology (VDOT) is proposed to fabricate a stereo-composite self-reinforced polymer fiber by mimicking the superstructure of nature bones at the nanoscale. The VDOT-based polymer fiber shows an oriented shish-kebab structure, excellent mechanical performance, and biodegradation stability, which overcome the mechanical inferiority of the current biomedical polymers and extend their applications.
Leveraging circulating microbial DNA for early cancer detection
Authors: Radhika Kataria, Saeed Shoaie, Anita Grigoriadis, Jonathan C.M. Wan
Journal: Trends in cancer (2023)

Microbial cell-free DNA (microbial cfDNA) offers a minimally invasive approach for profiling the microbiome. Despite technical and biological challenges, the potential of microbial cfDNA for cancer detection is increasingly being evaluated using deep sequencing, novel laboratory approaches, and computational methods. Targeting the microbiome using liquid biopsies could improve early cancer detection.
The fats of the matter: Lipids in prebiotic chemistry and in origin of life studies
Authors: Tania C.B. Santos, Anthony H. Futerman
Journal: Progress in Lipid Research (2023)

The unique biophysical and biochemical properties of lipids render them crucial in most models of the origin of life (OoL). Many studies have attempted to delineate the prebiotic pathways by which lipids were formed, how micelles and vesicles were generated, and how these micelles and vesicles became selectively permeable towards the chemical precursors required to initiate and support biochemistry and inheritance. Our analysis of a number of such studies highlights the extremely narrow and limited range of conditions by which an experiment is considered to have successfully modeled a role for lipids in an OoL experiment. This is in line with a recent proposal that bias is introduced into OoL studies by the extent and the kind of human intervention. It is self-evident that OoL studies can only be performed by human intervention, and we now discuss the possibility that some assumptions and simplifications inherent in such experimental approaches do not permit determination of mechanistic insight into the roles of lipids in the OoL. With these limitations in mind, we suggest that more nuanced experimental approaches than those currently pursued may be required to elucidate the generation and function of lipids, micelles and vesicles in the OoL.
Macrobehaviour: behavioural variation across space, time, and taxa
Authors: Sally A. Keith, Jonathan P. Drury, Brian J. McGill, Gregory F. Grether
Journal: Trends in Ecology & Evolution (2023)

We explore how integrating behavioural ecology and macroecology can provide fundamental new insight into both fields, with particular relevance for understanding ecological responses to rapid environmental change. We outline the field of macrobehaviour, which aims to unite these disciplines explicitly, and highlight examples of research in this space. Macrobehaviour can be envisaged as a spectrum, where behavioural ecologists and macroecologists use new data and borrow tools and approaches from one another. At the heart of this spectrum, interdisciplinary research considers how selection in the context of large-scale factors can lead to systematic patterns in behavioural variation across space, time, and taxa, and in turn, influence macroecological patterns and processes. Macrobehaviour has the potential to enhance forecasts of future biodiversity change.
An example of governance for AI in health services from Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: R. Whittaker, R. Dobson, C. K. Jin, R. Style, P. Jayathissa, K. Hiini, K. Ross, K. Kawamura, P. Muir, A. Mark, D. Armstrong, E. Frost, J. Buxton, J. Lunny, P. Andrew, S. Bloomfield, S. Puddle, W. Miles
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2023)

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is undergoing rapid development, meaning that potential risks in application are not able to be fully understood. Multiple international principles and guidance documents have been published to guide the implementation of AI tools in various industries, including healthcare practice. In Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ) we recognised that the challenge went beyond simply adapting existing risk frameworks and governance guidance to our specific health service context and population. We also deemed prioritising the voice of Māori (the indigenous people of Aotearoa NZ) a necessary aspect of honouring Te Tiriti (the Treaty of Waitangi), as well as prioritising the needs of healthcare service users and their families. Here we report on the development and establishment of comprehensive and effective governance over the development and implementation of AI tools within a health service in Aotearoa NZ. The implementation of the framework in practice includes testing with real-world proposals and ongoing iteration and refinement of our processes.
Incorporating Linear Mixed Models into GWAS of Kidney Function Decline
Authors: Matthew B. Lanktree
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2023)

Division of Nephrology, Departments of Medicine and Health Research Methodology, Evidence and Impact, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University and Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada Correspondence: Matthew B. Lanktree, Division of Nephrology, M446 St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, 50 Charlton Avenue East, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada. Email: [email protected] Published online ahead of print. Publication date available at www.jasn.org. See related article, "Genome-Wide Association Study of Chronic Kidney Disease Progression," on pages 1547–1559.
Osteoinduction and osteoimmunology: Emerging concepts
Authors: Richard J. Miron, Marc Bohner, Yufeng Zhang, Dieter D. Bosshardt
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2023)

Abstract The recognition and importance of immune cells during bone regeneration, including around bone biomaterials, has led to the development of an entire field termed “osteoimmunology,” which focuses on the connection and interplay between the skeletal system and immune cells. Most studies have focused on the “osteogenic” capacity of various types of bone biomaterials, and much less focus has been placed on immune cells despite being the first cell type in contact with implantable devices. Thus, the amount of literature generated to date on this topic makes it challenging to extract needed information. This review article serves as a guide highlighting advancements made in the field of osteoimmunology emphasizing the role of the osteoimmunomodulatory properties of biomaterials and their impact on osteoinduction. First, the various immune cell types involved in bone biomaterial integration are discussed, including the prominent role of osteal macrophages (OsteoMacs) during bone regeneration. Thereafter, key biomaterial properties, including topography, wettability, surface charge, and adsorption of cytokines, growth factors, ions, and other bioactive molecules, are discussed in terms of their impact on immune responses. These findings highlight and recognize the importance of the immune system and osteoimmunology, leading to a shift in the traditional models used to understand and evaluate biomaterials for bone regeneration.
Intratumoral CD103<sup>+</sup>CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells predict response to neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Siqi Ren, Tianjun Lan, Fan Wu, Suling Chen, Xue Jiang, Chuying Huo, Zitian Li, Shule Xie, Donghui Wu, Ruixin Wang, Yanyan Li, Lin Qiu, Guoxin Huang, Shurui Li, Xiaojuan Wang, Meifeng Cen, Tingting Cai, Zhaoyu Lin, Jinsong Li, Bowen Li
Journal: Cancer Communications (2023)

Immune cell heterogenicity is known to determine the therapeutic response to cancer progression. Neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy (NACI) has shown clinical benefits in some patients with advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), but the underlying mechanism behind this clinical response is unknown. The efficacy of NACI needs to be potentiated by identifying accurate biomarkers to predict clinical responses. Here, we attempted to identify molecules predicting NACI response in advanced HNSCC.We performed combined single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and multiplex immunofluorescence (mIHC) staining with tumor samples derived from NACI-treated HNSCC patients to identify a new tumor-infiltrating cell (TIL) subtype, CD103+ CD8+ TILs, associated with clinical response, while both in vitro and in vivo assays were carried out to determine its antitumor efficiency. The regulatory mechanism of the CD103+ CD8+ TILs population was examined by performing cell-cell interaction analysis of the scRNA-seq data and spatial analysis of the mIHC images.We established intratumoral CD103+ CD8+ TILs density as a determinant of NACI efficacy in cancers. Our scRNA-seq results indicated that the population of CD103+ CD8+ TILs was dramatically increased in the responders of NACI-treated HNSCC patients, while mIHC analysis confirmed the correlation between intratumoral CD103+ CD8+ TILs density and NACI efficacy in HNSCC patients. Further receiver operating characteristic curve analysis defined this TIL subset as a potent marker to predict patient response to NACI. Functional assays showed that CD103+ CD8+ TILs were tumor-reactive T cells, while programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) blockade enhanced CD103+ CD8+ TILs cytotoxicity against tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, targeting the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2-positive (TREM2+ ) macrophages might enhance the population of CD103+ CD8+ TILs and facilitate antitumor immunity during NACI treatment.Our study highlights the impact of intratumoral CD103+ CD8+ TILs density on NACI efficacy in different cancers, while the efforts to elevate its population warrant further clinical investigation.
Five-Year Overall Survival Analysis of the JIPANG Study: Pemetrexed or Vinorelbine Plus Cisplatin for Resected Stage II-IIIA Nonsquamous Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Hirotsugu Kenmotsu, Nobuyuki Yamamoto, Toshihiro Misumi, Kiyotaka Yoh, Haruhiro Saito, Shunichi Sugawara, Koji Yamazaki, Kazuhiko Nakagawa, Kenji Sugio, Takashi Seto, Shinichi Toyooka, Hiroshi Date, Tetsuya Mitsudomi, Isamu Okamoto, Kohei Yokoi, Hideo Saka, Hiroaki Okamoto, Yuichi Takiguchi, Toshiaki Takahashi, Masahiro Tsuboi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2023)

Clinical trials frequently include multiple end points that mature at different times. The initial report, typically based on the primary end point, may be published when key planned co-primary or secondary analyses are not yet available. Clinical Trial Updates provide an opportunity to disseminate additional results from studies, published in JCO or elsewhere, for which the primary end point has already been reported.The JIPANG study is an open-label phase III trial evaluating the efficacy of pemetrexed plus cisplatin (PemP) versus vinorelbine plus cisplatin (NP) as adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with stage II-IIIA nonsquamous non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here, we report the long follow-up overall survival (OS) data. Eligible patients were randomly assigned to receive either PemP or NP. The primary end point was recurrence-free survival (RFS), and the secondary end point included OS. This analysis was performed using data collected 5 years after the last patient enrollment. Among 804 patients enrolled, 783 patients were eligible (384 for NP and 389 for PemP). The updated median RFS was 37.5 months in the NP arm and 43.4 months in the PemP arm with a hazard ratio of 0.95 (95% CI, 0.79 to 1.14). At a median follow-up of 77.3 months, the OS rates at 3 and 5 years were 84.1% and 75.6% versus 87.0% and 75.0% with a hazard ratio of 1.04 (95% CI, 0.81 to 1.34). This long-term follow-up analysis showed that PemP had similar efficacy to NP in both RFS and OS for this population, with one of the longest OS data compared with the historical data.
JARID2 coordinates with the NuRD complex to facilitate breast tumorigenesis through response to adipocyte‐derived leptin
Authors: Wei Liu, Yi Zeng, Xinhui Hao, Xin Wang, Jiaxiang Liu, Tianyang Gao, Mengdi Wang, Jingyao Zhang, Miaomiao Huo, Ting Hu, Tianyu Ma, Die Zhang, Xu Teng, Hefen Yu, Min Zhang, Baowen Yuan, Wei Huang, Yunkai Yang, Yan Wang
Journal: Cancer Communications (2023)

Proteins containing the Jumonji C (JmjC) domain participated in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. However, the mechanisms underlying this effect are still poorly understood. Our objective was to investigate the role of Jumonji and the AT-rich interaction domain-containing 2 (JARID2) - a JmjC family protein - in breast cancer, as well as its latent association with obesity.Immunohistochemistry, The Cancer Genome Atlas, Gene Expression Omnibus, and other databases were used to analyze the expression of JARID2 in breast cancer cells. Growth curve, 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine (EdU), colony formation, and cell invasion experiments were used to detect whether JARID2 affected breast cancer cell proliferation and invasion. Spheroidization-based experiments and xenotumor transplantation in NOD/SCID mice were used to examine the association between JARID2 and breast cancer stemness. RNA-sequencing, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis were used to identify the cell processes in which JARID2 participates. Immunoaffinity purification and silver staining mass spectrometry were conducted to search for proteins that might interact with JARID2. The results were further verified using co-immunoprecipitation and glutathione S-transferase (GST) pull-down experiments. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) sequencing, we sought the target genes that JARID2 and metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1) jointly regulated; the results were validated by ChIP-PCR, quantitative ChIP (qChIP) and ChIP-reChIP assays. A coculture experiment was used to explore the interactions between breast cancer cells and adipocytes.In this study, we found that JARID2 was highly expressed in multiple types of cancer including breast cancer. JARID2 promoted glycolysis, lipid metabolism, proliferation, invasion, and stemness of breast cancer cells. Furthermore, JARID2 physically interacted with the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase (NuRD) complex, transcriptionally repressing a series of tumor suppressor genes such as BRCA2 DNA repair associated (BRCA2), RB transcriptional corepressor 1 (RB1), and inositol polyphosphate-4-phosphatase type II B (INPP4B). Additionally, JARID2 expression was regulated by the obesity-associated adipokine leptin via Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3) pathway in the breast cancer microenvironment. Analysis of various online databases also indicated that JARID2/MTA1 was associated with a poor prognosis of breast cancer.Our data indicated that JARID2 promoted breast tumorigenesis and development, confirming JARID2 as a target for cancer treatment.
Engineered peptide-drug conjugate provides sustained protection of retinal ganglion cells with topical administration in rats
Authors: Henry T. Hsueh, Renee Ti Chou, Usha Rai, Patricia Kolodziejski, Wathsala Liyanage, Jahnavi Pejavar, Ann Mozzer, Charlotte Davison, Matthew B. Appell, Yoo Chun Kim, Kirby T. Leo, HyeYoung Kwon, Maanasa Sista, Nicole M. Anders, Avelina Hemingway, Sri Vishnu Kiran Rompicharla, Ian Pitha, Donald J. Zack, Justin Hanes, Michael P. Cummings, Laura M. Ensign
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2023)
Critical review on bone grafting during immediate implant placement
Authors: Antonio Liñares, José Dopico, Gabriel Magrin, Juan Blanco
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2023)

Abstract In the last 20 years, immediate implant placement has been proposed as a predictable protocol to replace failing teeth. The research conducted in preclinical and clinical studies have focused on soft and hard tissue changes following tooth extraction and immediate implant placement. Different approaches for hard and soft tissue grafting together with provisional restorations have been proposed to compensate tissue alterations. This review analyzed some relevant clinical and preclinical literature focusing on the impact of bone grafting procedures on immediate implant placement in terms of hard and soft tissue changes, aesthetic results, and patient‐related outcomes.
Outcomes of open tibial fracture surgery: beyond the operating room
Authors: Jakub Gajewski, Chiara Pittalis, Nyengo Mkandawire
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2023)

Musculoskeletal injuries are a global issue and a particular challenge in low-income countries, owing to the rising rates of road traffic injuries and rudimentary trauma care systems.1 The tibia is the bone that most frequently sustains an open fracture due to its anatomy, and is susceptible to infections and other complications that compromise treatment outcomes.2 Hence, prospective studies on outcomes after open tibial fracture are necessary.
X-ray-controllable release of carbon monoxide potentiates radiotherapy by ultrastable hybrid nanoreservoirs
Authors: Junna Lu, Fangman Chen, Xiaochun Xie, Ziping Wu, Yinglu Chen, Yidan Zhang, Hui Fang, Feixia Ruan, Dan Shao, Zheng Wang, Renjun Pei
Journal: Biomaterials (2023)