tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Clinical images: Huriez syndrome, a rare scleroderma mimic
Authors: Sayan Mukherjee, Mukesh K. Maurya, Puneet Kumar
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2022)

Disclosure Form Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Perspectives of using microRNA-loaded nanocarriers for epigenetic reprogramming of drug resistant colorectal cancers
Authors: Olga A. Sukocheva, Junqi Liu, Margarita E. Neganova, Narasimha M. Beeraka, Yulia R. Aleksandrova, Prasath Manogaran, Ekaterina M. Grigorevskikh, Vladimir N. Chubarev, Ruitai Fan
Journal: Seminars in Cancer Biology (2022)
Short term, relative effectiveness of four doses versus three doses of BNT162b2 vaccine in people aged 60 years and older in Israel: retrospective, test negative, case-control study
Authors: Sivan Gazit, Yaki Saciuk, Galit Perez, Asaf Peretz, Virginia E Pitzer, Tal Patalon
Journal: BMJ (2022)

To examine the relative effectiveness of a fourth dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA (BNT162b2) vaccine compared with three vaccine doses over the span of 10 weeks. Retrospective, test negative, case-control study, with a matched analysis and an unmatched multiple tests analysis. Nationally centralised database of Maccabi Healthcare Services, an Israeli national health fund for 2.5 million people; from 10 January 2022 (seven days after the fourth dose was first given to eligible individuals) to 13 March 2022, an omicron dominant period in Israel. 97 499 Maccabi Healthcare Services members aged 60 years and older, who were eligible to receive a fourth vaccine dose and obtained at least one polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test during the study. Breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection, defined as a positive PCR test performed seven or more days after inoculation with the BNT162b2 vaccine; and breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection resulting in severe covid-19 disease, defined as hospital admission or death related to covid-19. 27 876 participants received the fourth BNT162b2 vaccine dose and 69 623 received three doses only. Of 106 participants who died during the follow-up period, 77 had had their third doses only and 23 had had their fourth doses during the first three weeks after inoculation. In the first three weeks, a fourth dose provided additional protection against both SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe disease relative to three doses of the vaccine. However, relative vaccine effectiveness against infection quickly decreased over time, peaking during the third week at 65.1% (95% confidence interval 63.0% to 67.1%) and falling to 22.0% (4.9% to 36.1%) by the end of the 10 week follow-up period. Unlike relative effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infection, the relative effectiveness of a fourth dose against severe covid-19 was maintained at a high level (>72%) throughout follow-up. However, severe disease was a relatively rare event, occurring in <1% of study participants who received four doses or three doses only. A fourth dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine appears to have provided additional protection against both SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe covid-19 disease relative to three vaccine doses. However, relative effectiveness of the fourth dose against infection appears to wane sooner than that of the third dose.
"OPEN" MITRAL COMMISSUROTOMY
Authors: 昌範 原田, 真弘 遠藤, 久恵 林
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Validation of prediction models in the presence of competing risks: a guide through modern methods
Authors: Nan van Geloven, Daniele Giardiello, Edouard F Bonneville, Lucy Teece, Chava L Ramspek, Maarten van Smeden, Kym I E Snell, Ben van Calster, Maja Pohar-Perme, Richard D Riley, Hein Putter, Ewout Steyerberg
Journal: BMJ (2022)

Thorough validation is pivotal for any prediction model before it can be advocated for use in medical practice. For time-to-event outcomes such as breast cancer recurrence, death from other causes is a competing risk. Model performance measures must account for such competing events. In this article, we present a comprehensive yet accessible overview of performance measures for this competing event setting, including the calculation and interpretation of statistical measures for calibration, discrimination, overall prediction error, and clinical usefulness by decision curve analysis. All methods are illustrated for patients with breast cancer, with publicly available data and R code.
Imaging
Authors: Paula Bohince
Journal: JAMA (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Noninvasive Respiratory Strategies and Intubation or Mortality Among Patients With Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure Due to COVID-19
Authors: Christopher J. Yarnell, Michael C. Sklar
Journal: JAMA (2022)

To the Editor In the RECOVERY-RS randomized clinical trial1 of noninvasive respiratory strategies, the authors did not use explicit thresholds for invasive ventilation but instead recorded preintubation physiological data.
COVID-19 Transmission Due to Delta Variant in New York City Public Schools From October to December 2021
Authors: Jay K. Varma, Cara Feldkamp, Mariana Alexander, Emily Norman, Tracy Agerton, Rindcy Davis, Theodore Long
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

This cohort study assesses COVID-19 prevention measures against the Delta variant by measuring the secondary attack rate for cases in students, teachers, and staff of New York City public schools from October to December 2021 and analyzing the likely direction of transmission for secondary cases.
CD19/22 CAR T cells in children and young adults with B-ALL: phase 1 results and development of a novel bicistronic CAR
Authors: Haneen Shalabi, Haiying Qin, Angela Su, Bonnie Yates, Pamela L. Wolters, Seth M. Steinberg, John A. Ligon, Sara Silbert, Kniya DéDé, Mehdi Benzaoui, Sophia Goldberg, Sooraj Achar, Dina Schneider, Shilpa A. Shahani, Lauren Little, Toni Foley, John C. Molina, Sandhya Panch, Crystal L. Mackall, Daniel W. Lee, Christopher D. Chien, Marie Pouzolles, Mark Ahlman, Constance M. Yuan, Hao-Wei Wang, Yanyu Wang, Jon Inglefield, Mary Anne Toledo-Tamula, Staci Martin, Steven L. Highfill, Gregoire Altan-Bonnet, David Stroncek, Terry J. Fry, Naomi Taylor, Nirali N. Shah
Journal: Blood (2022)
Post–COVID Conditions Among Adult COVID-19 Survivors Aged 18–64 and ≥65 Years — United States, March 2020–November 2021
Authors: Lara Bull-Otterson, Sarah Baca, Sharon Saydah, Tegan K. Boehmer, Stacey Adjei, Simone Gray, Aaron M. Harris
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2022)
British Association of Dermatologists and British Photodermatology Group guidelines for narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy 2022
Authors: Victoria Goulden, Tsui C. Ling, Parastoo Babakinejad, Robert Dawe, Ewan Eadie, Hiva Fassihi, Adam Fityan, Trish Garibaldinos, Sally H. Ibbotson, Ljuba Novakovic, Emma Rush, Sophie C. Weatherhead, Heather Whitehouse, Maria Hashme, M. Firouz Mohd Mustapa, Lesley S. Exton
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2022)

Abstract Linked Comment: P. Wolf. Br J Dermatol 2022; 187:285–286.
Vaccine effectiveness against COVID-19 breakthrough infections in patients with cancer (UKCCEP): a population-based test-negative case-control study
Authors: Lennard Y W Lee, Thomas Starkey, Maria C Ionescu, Martin Little, Michael Tilby, Arvind R Tripathy, Hayley S Mckenzie, Youssra Al-Hajji, Matthew Barnard, Liza Benny, Alexander Burnett, Emma L Cattell, Jackie Charman, James J Clark, Sam Khan, Qamar Ghafoor, George Illsley, Catherine Harper-Wynne, Rosie J Hattersley, Alvin J X Lee, Pauline C Leonard, Justin K H Liu, Matthew Pang, Jennifer S Pascoe, James R Platt, Vanessa A Potter, Amelia Randle, Anne S Rigg, Tim M Robinson, Tom W Roques, René L Roux, Stefan Rozmanowski, Mark H Tuthill, Isabella Watts, Sarah Williams, Tim Iveson, Siow Ming Lee, Gary Middleton, Mark Middleton, Andrew Protheroe, Matthew W Fittall, Tom Fowler, Peter Johnson, Emma Kinloch, Emily Lam, Gillian Murphy, Malcolm Rhodes, Kate Robinson
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2022)

People with cancer are at increased risk of hospitalisation and death following infection with SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, we aimed to conduct one of the first evaluations of vaccine effectiveness against breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infections in patients with cancer at a population level.
Sentinel Node Biopsy Imaging in Breast Cancer
Authors: Francisco M. Cañete-Sánchez, Xavier L. E. Boulvard-Chollet, Xabier Chamorro, Pablo Javier Marrodán, MArch, Puy Garrastachu Zumarán, Rafael Ramírez Lasanta, Patrick M. Colletti, Francesco Giammarile, Roberto C. Delgado Bolton
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2022)

Point of injection scatter (SPI) confounds breast cancer sentinel lymph node detection. Round flat lead shields (FLSs) incompletely reduce SPI, requiring repositioning. We designed lead shields that reduce SPI and acquisition time.Two concave lead shields, a semioval lead shield (OLS) and a semispherical lead alloy shield (SLS), were created with a SICNOVA JCR 1000 3D printer to cover the point of injection (patent no. ES1219895U). Twenty breast cancer patients had anterior and anterior oblique imaging, 5 minutes and 2 hours after a single 111 MBq nanocolloid in 0.2 mL intratumoral or periareolar injection. Each acquisition was 2 minutes. Absolute and normalized background corrected scatter counts (CSCs) and scatter reduction percentage (%SR) related to the FLS were calculated. Repositionings were recorded. Differences between means of %SR (t test) and between means of CSC (analysis of variance) with Holm multiple comparison tests were determined.Mean %SR was 91.8% with OLS and 92% using SLS in early images (P = 0.91) and 87.2%SR in OLS and 88.5% in late images (P = 0.66). There were significant differences between CSC using FLS and OLS (P < 0.001) and between FLS and SLS (P < 0.001), but not between OLS and SLS (P = 0.17) in early images, with the same results observed in delayed studies (P < 0.001 in relation to FLS and P = 0.1 between both curved lead shields). Repositioning was required 14/20 times with FLS, 4/20 times with OLS, and 2/20 times with SLS.We designed 2 concave lead shields that significantly reduce the SPI and repositioning with sentinel lymph node lymphoscintigraphy.
Association Between High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin, Myocardial Ischemia, and Revascularization in Stable Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Christopher A. Rajkumar, Ryan Wereski, William Parsonage, Louise Cullen, Ramzi Khamis, Michael Foley, Frank E. Harrell, Matthew J. Shun-Shin, Nicholas L. Mills, Rasha K. Al-Lamee
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
TDP-43 Accumulation Within Intramuscular Nerve Bundles of Patients With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Takashi Kurashige, Hiroyuki Morino, Tomomi Murao, Yuishin Izumi, Tomohito Sugiura, Kazuya Kuraoka, Hideshi Kawakami, Tsuyoshi Torii, Hirofumi Maruyama
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2022)

Degeneration of neuromuscular junctions and axons is considered an important aspect of the pathomechanism of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, a mechanism including the role of transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) in axons has not been pathologically clarified.To identify and characterize the histopathology of peripheral axons in the skeletal muscle of patients with ALS.This study comprised 2 parts: a postmortem case-control study and a retrospective population-based cohort study with a minimum of 1 year of follow-up. Patients in the cohort study were enrolled from January 1, 2004, to September 30, 2019. The postmortem study included patients with sporadic ALS (SALS) with TDP-43 pathology and control patients with non-ALS disease. The cohort study enrolled patients without a family history of ALS or other neuromuscular disease and those not diagnosed with a muscle disease at biopsy. Patients were excluded if their clinical records were not screened after biopsy, if they were diagnosed with a muscular disease, and if they were harboring known causative genes of ALS. Data were collected between September 2019 and June 2021 and analyzed in June 2021.Muscle biopsy or postmortem muscle tissue examination.Clinical information and muscle pathological characteristics.A total of 10 patients with autopsy-confirmed SALS (mean [SD] age at death, 76.1 [8.5] years; 8 men [80%]) exhibited axonal phosphorylated TDP-43 (pTDP-43)-positive accumulations in intramuscular nerve bundles; the 12 control patients without ALS did not. Among the 114 patients in the cohort study (mean [SD] age, 62.3 [16.1] years; 76 men [67%]), 71 patients (62.3%) exhibited intramuscular nerve bundles; 43 (37.7%) did not. Among those who exhibited pTDP-43-positive intramuscular nerve bundles, 33 patients (22 men [66.7%]; mean [SD] age, 65.2 [15.6] years) were later diagnosed with ALS. The other 38 patients (26 men [68.4%]; mean [SD] age, 59.3 [18.0] years) showed no pTDP-43-positive bundles and did not develop ALS. Among those without evident nerve bundles (28 men [65.1%]; mean [SD] age, 61.3 [15.3] years), 3 were later diagnosed with ALS. Among patients with ALS in the biopsy cohort, 9 with pTDP-43-positive bundles showed only lower motor neuron symptoms at biopsy.Results of this dual case-control and retrospective cohort study suggest that axonal pTDP-43 accumulations may be characteristic for patients with ALS. As such findings precede clinical fulfillment of the Gold Coast criteria, TDP-43 in nerve bundles may be a novel diagnostic biomarker for ALS.
Joint‐Specific Memory and Sustained Risk for New Joint Accumulation in Autoimmune Arthritis
Authors: Margaret H. Chang, Alexandra V. Bocharnikov, Siobhan M. Case, Marc Todd, Jessica Laird‐Gion, Maura Alvarez‐Baumgartner, Peter A. Nigrovic
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2022)

Objective Inflammatory arthritides exhibit hallmark patterns of affected and spared joints, but in each individual, arthritis affects only a subset of all possible sites. The purpose of this study was to identify patient‐specific patterns of joint flare to distinguish local from systemic drivers of disease chronicity. Methods Patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis followed without interruption from disease onset into adulthood were identified across 2 large academic centers. Joints inflamed at each visit were established by medical record review. Flare was defined as physician‐confirmed joint inflammation following documented inactive disease. Results Among 222 adults with JIA, 95 had complete serial joint examinations dating from disease onset in childhood. Mean follow‐up was 12.5 years (interquartile range 7.9–16.7 years). Ninety (95%) of 95 patients achieved inactive disease, after which 81% (73 patients) experienced at least 1 flare. Among 940 joints affected in 253 flares, 74% had been involved previously. In flares affecting easily observed large joint pairs where only 1 side had been involved before (n = 53), the original joint was affected in 83% and the contralateral joint in 17% ( P &lt; 0.0001 versus random laterality). However, disease extended to at least 1 new joint in ~40% of flares, a risk that remained stable even decades after disease onset, and was greatest in flares that occurred while patients were not receiving medication (54% versus 36% of flares occurring with therapy; odds ratio 2.09, P = 0.015). Conclusion Arthritis flares preferentially affect previously inflamed joints but carry an ongoing risk of disease extension. These findings confirm joint‐specific memory and suggest that prevention of new joint accumulation should be an important target for arthritis therapy.
A multisystem, cardio-renal investigation of post-COVID-19 illness
Authors: Andrew J. Morrow, Robert Sykes, Alasdair McIntosh, Anna Kamdar, Catherine Bagot, Hannah K. Bayes, Kevin G. Blyth, Michael Briscoe, Heerajnarain Bulluck, David Carrick, Colin Church, David Corcoran, Iain Findlay, Vivienne B. Gibson, Lynsey Gillespie, Douglas Grieve, Pauline Hall Barrientos, Antonia Ho, Ninian N. Lang, Vera Lennie, David J. Lowe, Peter W. Macfarlane, Patrick B. Mark, Kaitlin J. Mayne, Alex McConnachie, Ross McGeoch, Christopher McGinley, Connor McKee, Sabrina Nordin, Alexander Payne, Alastair J. Rankin, Keith E. Robertson, Giles Roditi, Nicola Ryan, Naveed Sattar, Sarah Allwood-Spiers, David Stobo, Rhian M. Touyz, Gruschen Veldtman, Stuart Watkins, Sarah Weeden, Robin A. Weir, Paul Welsh, Ryan Wereski, Neil Basu, Ammani Brown, Elaine Butler, Stephen J. H. Dobbin, Andrew Dougherty, Laura Dymock, Kirsty Fallon, Lesley Gilmour, Tracey Hopkins, Jennifer S. Lees, Iain B McInnes, Evonne McLennan, Fiona Savage, Stefan Siebert, Nicola Tynan, Rosemary Woodward, Kenneth Mangion, Colin Berry
Journal: Nature Medicine (2022)

Abstract The pathophysiology and trajectory of post-Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) syndrome is uncertain. To clarify multisystem involvement, we undertook a prospective cohort study including patients who had been hospitalized with COVID-19 (ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT04403607 ). Serial blood biomarkers, digital electrocardiography and patient-reported outcome measures were obtained in-hospital and at 28–60 days post-discharge when multisystem imaging using chest computed tomography with pulmonary and coronary angiography and cardio-renal magnetic resonance imaging was also obtained. Longer-term clinical outcomes were assessed using electronic health records. Compared to controls ( n = 29), at 28–60 days post-discharge, people with COVID-19 ( n = 159; mean age, 55 years; 43% female) had persisting evidence of cardio-renal involvement and hemostasis pathway activation. The adjudicated likelihood of myocarditis was ‘very likely’ in 21 (13%) patients, ‘probable’ in 65 (41%) patients, ‘unlikely’ in 56 (35%) patients and ‘not present’ in 17 (11%) patients. At 28–60 days post-discharge, COVID-19 was associated with worse health-related quality of life (EQ-5D-5L score 0.77 (0.23) versus 0.87 (0.20)), anxiety and depression (PHQ-4 total score 3.59 (3.71) versus 1.28 (2.67)) and aerobic exercise capacity reflected by predicted maximal oxygen utilization (20.0 (7.6) versus 29.5 (8.0) ml/kg/min) (all P &lt; 0.01). During follow-up (mean, 450 days), 24 (15%) patients and two (7%) controls died or were rehospitalized, and 108 (68%) patients and seven (26%) controls received outpatient secondary care ( P = 0.017). The illness trajectory of patients after hospitalization with COVID-19 includes persisting multisystem abnormalities and health impairments that could lead to substantial demand on healthcare services in the future.
One-Year Outcomes of Mechanically Ventilated COVID-19 ICU Survivors: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Julia L. M. Bels, Rob J. J. van Gassel, Lieneke Timmerman, Bena Hemmen, Marcel C. G. van de Poll, Nicky H. G. M. Peters, Martijn A. Spruit, Susanne van Santen, Hester A. Gietema, Rein Posthuma
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2022)
Association Between the COVID-19 Pandemic and Disparities in Access to Major Surgery in the US
Authors: Laurent G. Glance, Eeshwar K. Chandrasekar, Ernie Shippey, Patricia W. Stone, Richard Dutton, Patrick J. McCormick, Jingjing Shang, Stewart J. Lustik, Isaac Y. Wu, Michael P. Eaton, Andrew W. Dick
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

Racial minority groups account for 70% of excess deaths not related to COVID-19. Understanding the association of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services' (CMS's) moratorium delaying nonessential operations with racial disparities will help shape future pandemic responses.
Non-metabolic functions of phosphofructokinase-1 orchestrate tumor cellular invasion and genome maintenance under bevacizumab therapy
Authors: Yi Chieh Lim, Kamilla E Jensen, Diana Aguilar-Morante, Lina Vardouli, Kristoffer Vitting-Seerup, Ryan C Gimple, Qiulian Wu, Henriette Pedersen, Kirstine J Elbaek, Irina Gromova, Robert Ihnatko, Bjarne W Kristensen, Jeanette K Petersen, Jane Skjoth-Rasmussen, William Flavahan, Jeremy N Rich, Petra Hamerlik
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2022)

Abstract Background Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly lethal malignancy for which neoangiogenesis serves as a defining hallmark. The anti-VEGF antibody, bevacizumab, has been approved for the treatment of recurrent GBM, but resistance is universal. Methods We analyzed expression data of GBM patients treated with bevacizumab to discover potential resistance mechanisms. Patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) and cultures were interrogated for effects of phosphofructokinase-1, muscle isoform (PFKM) loss on tumor cell motility, migration, and invasion through genetic and pharmacologic targeting. Results We identified PFKM as a driver of bevacizumab resistance. PFKM functions dichotomize based on subcellular location: cytosolic PFKM interacted with KIF11, a tubular motor protein, to promote tumor invasion, whereas nuclear PFKM safeguarded genomic stability of tumor cells through interaction with NBS1. Leveraging differential transcriptional profiling, bupivacaine phenocopied genetic targeting of PFKM, and enhanced efficacy of bevacizumab in preclinical GBM models in vivo. Conclusion PFKM drives novel molecular pathways in GBM, offering a translational path to a novel therapeutic paradigm.