tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Redundant doctors.
Authors: H H Langston
Journal: BMJ (1978)

SIR,-The usable response rate of 75 °in this survey compares favourably with results from other surveys using the Medical Register or Medical Directory as a sampling frame.As stated in my report (21 January, p 191), doctors qualified in the UK were more likely to respond than those elsewhere, as were doctors who qualified before 1960.As with any published results, it is up to the reader to form his or her own opinion whether valid conclusions can be drawn in the light of stated sampling bias and statistically significant findings.For reasons of space, a detailed analysis of reasons for non-response was not included in the survey report, but is given here: Questionnaires returned marked "gone away" 171 Questionnaires returned blank (refusal) .. 28Questionnaires not returned . .611Ten per cent of those in the third group were telephoned, and reasons for non-response were:Moved from registered address .40,
Rheumatology
Authors: Daniel J. McCarty
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Lupus anticoagulants, autoantibodies to phospholipids, long thought to represent clinically irrelevant inhibitors of in vitro coagulation tests, are now strongly linked to in vivo<i>thrombotic</i>events, to thrombocytopenia, and to recurrent abortions. Patients with these problems may not have signs, symptoms, or serological evidence of classic systemic lupus erythematosus. Such patients can present with retinal arterial or venous occlusion to ophthalmologists, with stroke to neurologists, with thrombocytopenia to hematologists, with fetal wastage to obstetricians, or with peripheral venous thrombosis or arterial occlusive disease to general physicians. Lupus anticoagulants have also been correlated with glomerular thrombosis, infarction, and subsequent glomerular sclerosis, providing a pathogenetic mechanism for renal damage in addition to that mediated by immune-complex deposition.<sup>1</sup>The activated partial thromboplastin time is prolonged in the presence of plasma containing lupus anticoagulants, and such prolongation is not corrected by the addition of an equal quantity of normal plasma. The prolongation of
SOME PRACTICAL FEATURES OF PROTEIN METABOLISM.
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Knowledge
Authors: Richard Bronson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2002)

Ad Libitum19 November 2002The KnowledgeRichard Bronson, MDRichard Bronson, MDStony Brook, NY 11794-8091Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-137-9-200211050-00014 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Man comes not from an egg but froman animalcule in the masculine seed–Antoni van Leewuenhoek, 1683... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Stony Brook, NY 11794-8091Current Author Address: Richard Bronson, MD, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Health Sciences Center, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8091. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 19 November 2002Volume 137, Issue 10Page: 822KeywordsFallsKneesObstetrics and gynecology ePublished: 19 November 2002 Issue Published: 19 November 2002 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2002 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Current status and approaches to improving preventive services for adolescents
Authors: V. Igra
Journal: JAMA (1993)

MUCH of adolescent morbidity and mortality can be attributed to preventable risk factors. These include unhealthy behaviors, such as sedentary life-style, poor nutritional habits, substance abuse, unsafe sexual practices, and risky vehicle use.<sup>1</sup>Potentially health-damaging behaviors established during adolescence can have lasting negative consequences. As a result, effective preventive measures instituted during adolescence can improve quality of life throughout the life span. Primary care physicians are in a unique position to promote adolescent health and prevent behavioral and other morbidities. Over 70% of adolescents are seen by a physician yearly; three visits per year is the average.<sup>2</sup>Adolescents generally view physicians as credible and valued sources of health-related information.<sup>3</sup>Physician visits are thus a potentially important source of health education. As the benefits of incorporating prevention into the practice of medicine have become increasingly apparent over the past 20 or 30 years, efforts to develop comprehensive practice
Effects of a Gluten Fraction on the Isolated Intestine of Normal, Gluten-Sensitized and Gluten-Fed Rabbits
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hepatitis A vaccine set for 2-year-olds to adults
Authors: C. Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1995)

A STEP toward the eventual control of hepatitis A has been taken with the licensure in February of the first vaccine against the disease. The Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) approval made the United States the 41st country in which the vaccine is available. The inactivated vaccine, manufactured by SmithKline Beecham Biologicals, Philadelphia, Pa, is being marketed under the name Havrix. It will cost $43 per dose for adults and $15 per dose for those younger than 18 years. A second vaccine against hepatitis A, made by Merck Sharp &amp; Dohme Research Laboratories, West Point, Pa, is also under active investigation. Recommendations for use of the licensed vaccine are being prepared by the Hepatitis Branch of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Ga, for the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. A draft was reviewed by the committee 2 weeks before the vaccine was licensed at its regular
Drug regulation: quo vadis?
Authors: J. E. Goyan
Journal: JAMA (1988)

The 1962 amendments to the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act require that scientific proof of drug efficacy be established prior to marketing. During the years since, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has established an elaborate regulatory scheme for implementation that usually includes studies involving random allocation of patients to treatments (including placebo controls) and blinding of both patient and physician as to the treatment received. Studies of this type are costly in terms of both time and money, but when properly performed they successfully balance out factors, other than the treatments themselves, that may affect outcomes. Such studies have been able to guarantee the United States the most reliable supply of safe and effective drugs in the world. However, from the beginning, many have perceived a conflict between the needs of science to establish the validity of a new treatment and the needs of patients for early access to
Risk Factors for the Onset of Eating Disorders in Adolescent Girls: Results of the McKnight Longitudinal Risk Factor Study
Authors: The McKnight Investigators
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2003)

OBJECTIVE: This study examined the importance of potential risk factors for eating disorder onset in a large multiethnic sample followed for up to 3 years, with assessment instruments validated for the target population and a structured clinical interview used to make diagnoses. METHOD: Participants were 1,103 girls initially assessed in grades 6–9 in school districts in Arizona and California. Each year, students completed the McKnight Risk Factor Survey, had body height and weight measured, and underwent a structured clinical interview. The McKnight Risk Factor Survey, a self-report instrument developed for this age group, includes questions related to risk factors for eating disorders. RESULTS: During follow-up, 32 girls (2.9%) developed a partial- or full-syndrome eating disorder. At the Arizona site, there was a significant interaction between Hispanics and higher scores on a factor measuring thin body preoccupation and social pressure in predicting onset of eating disorders. An increase in negative life events also predicted onset of eating disorders in this sample. At the California site, only thin body preoccupation and social pressure predicted onset of eating disorders. A four-item screen derived from thin body preoccupation and social pressure had a sensitivity of 0.72, a specificity of 0.80, and an efficiency of 0.79. CONCLUSIONS: Thin body preoccupation and social pressure are important risk factors for the development of eating disorders in adolescents. Some Hispanic groups are at risk of developing eating disorders. Efforts to reduce peer, cultural, and other sources of thin body preoccupation may be necessary to prevent eating disorders.
Development of a 32 P-Postlabeling Assay for 7-Methylguanines in Human DNA
Authors: Riitta Mustonen, Asta Forsti, Paivi Hietanen, Kari Hemminki
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

The application of a 32P-postlabeling assay for 7-methylguanines in DNA was studied either by labeling the imidazole ring-opened dimncleotide derivatives or by using strong-anion-cchange column chromatography for the adduct enrichment from normal nucleotides.Data showed that 7-methylguanines can be efficiently labeled as dinucleotides when in vitro methylated DNA was first imidazole ring-opened and then digested to the dinucleotide level with deoxyribonuclease I, snake venom phosphodiesterase, and prostatic acid phosphatase.When using ion exchangechromatography for the ad- duct enrichment, DNA was digested with micrococcal nuclease and spleen phoshodiesterase.Anion exchange chromatography was applied for 7-methylguanine measurements in white blood cell DNA of healthy nonsmokers (n = 17) and patients (n = 4) treated with the methylating drugs procarbazine and dacarbazine.IVW found that the mean level of 7-methylguanine residues in nonsmokers was 2.5 per 10' nucleotides.The corresponding level in the patient samples immediately after the drug treatment was 57 per 107 nucleotides.
Unusual Case of Late Post-Irradiation Damage to the Ileum
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
LONG-TERM SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF LOMITAPIDE IN PATIENTS WITH HOMOZYGOUS FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA: THREE-YEAR DATA FROM THE LOMITAPIDE OBSERVATIONAL WORLDWIDE EVALUATION REGISTRY (LOWER)
Authors: James Underberg, Christopher Cannon, Dominique Larrey, Lukas Makris, Agnieszka Jurecka, Dirk Blom
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2018)
PDCT-15. MULTIMODAL IMMUNOTHERAPY AS PART OF MULTIMODAL TREATMENT FOR DIPG
Authors: Stefaan Van Gool, Maria Lulei, Volker Schirrmacher, Wilfried Stuecker
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2017)

Because some tumor antigens in DIPG are defined, the immune system might provide long-term tumor control via memory T cell activity. Our concept consists of induction of intratumoral immunogenic cell death through infusion of Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) together with local application of modulated electrohyperthermia (mEHT) and injections of autologous mature monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with NDV/mEHT-induced serum-derived antigenic microparticles + NDV. Treatment is provided on individual basis. Data were retrospectively collected. 36 DIPG children with median age 5.5y (range 2-19y) were treated with immunotherapy, 24 of them as part of primary treatment (DIPGprim) and 12 at time of progressive disease after first line treatment (DIPGprog). 81% of DIPGprim children had a Lansky score >70. At start of immunotherapy, 33% of patients had deficient IFN-g expression in the CD4+ T cells. Diminished NK function was observed in 75%. The repetitive NDV infusions, the modulated electrohyperthermia and the production and administration of the DCs all were feasible. No major toxicity was observed. We detected the increase of GBM antigen cross-reacting IFN-g-producing T cells in those patients that could be immunomonitored. Data were fixed at 04/04/2017. Median PFS was 8.36m. Rescue after progression was mainly re-irradiation. Median OS was 14.23 months. 18m OS was estimated as 35% (asymmetrical 95%CI: +25.68, -24.25). Median OS of the 10 DIPGprog children calculated from last event prior to immunotherapy was 5.96m. These clinical experiences support the concept that immunotherapy can be considered as part of multimodal treatment for patients with DIPG at an early stage of their disease. Its effect is likely located at an improvement of long-term OS. The latter read-out, together with the individualized treatment approach, makes the scientific steps towards evidence-based efficacy demonstration very challenging.
Intrauterine rubella infection following immunization with rubella vaccine
Authors: C. A. Phillips
Journal: JAMA (1970)

A woman with no detectable rubella hemagglutination-inhibiting (HI) antibody received rubella vaccine at three weeks of gestation. The pregnancy was terminated at eight weeks and rubella virus was recovered from decidua. The virus isolate stimulated high amounts of interferon and inhibited DNA synthesis in phytohemagglutinin (PHA) stimulated lymphocytes far less (53%) than did wild-type Ellis strain rubella virus (95%). Histologic changes seen in decidua were similar to those seen in gestational rubella.
Attendance allowance.
Authors: S Ennals
Journal: BMJ (1991)

reform.They believe that the "internal marketplace" of hospital trusts will create more incentive to use junior doctors as cheap labour.8Meanwhile, juniors whom I interviewed are waiting to see what happens.Even those who aspired to general practice said that they were deferring any commit- ments."I like general practice," a senior house officer said."But I'll stay in the hospital until all the politics settle out."Her junior colleague added, "We have to remain here.One cannot come back to the hospital from general practice-at least, not easily."Indeed, the future for young British doctors is difficult to discern amid the storms of political manoeuvre and waves of reform.Junior doctors are disillusioned about the changing face of medicine and seem paralysed to deal with all the external influences.Essayist Richard Asher wrote that the well trained doctor is "a jack of all trades and master of one."The apprenticeship of British doctors has heretofore been to the trade of medicine.If junior doctors are to become active students of their profession they may also need to become jacks of other trades: politics,
Cardiovascular safety of the 5-HT3-receptor antagonists readdressed
Authors: D. C. Talbot, A. L. Harris
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

8209 Background: Of the available 5-HT3-receptor antagonists (RAs), dolasetron, tropisetron and palonosetron include cardiovascular (CV) warnings/precautions in their labelling that should be considered when using these products in patients with existing or possible cardiac impairment. A recent report reviewed CV safety among 5-HT3-RAs and suggested that ECG alteration is a class effect.1 In contrast, other recently published reports demonstrate important differences regarding CV safety. Methods: This review will readdress issues regarding CV safety among 5-HT3-RAs. Results: Clinical trials demonstrate that dolasetron is associated with increases in PR, QRS and QTc intervals and increased heart rate, whereas granisetron and ondansetron lack proarrhythmic activity.2 Recently, a 'signal' for ventricular arrhythmia and cardiac arrest was found for dolasetron but not granisetron in the FDA combined SRS/AERS database (adverse events 1966–present).3 Granisetron is not associated with significant CV changes, even at doses as high as 160 μg/kg.4 Ondansetron does not have a CV precaution, but a significant increase in QTc interval has been reported with higher doses.5 Contrary to the idea that all 5-HT3-RAs carry a similar CV risk, evidence in patients and healthy volunteers suggests otherwise.3 However, whether trials have reported asymptomatic or clinically relevant 5-HT3-RA-evoked CV changes may be of little relevance, as the issue of CV safety should be considered in context: elderly patients represent the majority of cancer patients and CV comorbidity is common in this population. Conclusions: QT interval changes have been linked with sudden cardiac death. Thus the CV safety of cancer and supportive therapies, and their additive complications, should be a consideration when choosing therapy. Therefore, it seems prudent to use a 5-HT3-RA that has no warning/precaution concerning CV safety. 1 Navari, Koeller. Ann Pharmacother 2003;37:1276–86 2 Keefe. Oncologist 2002;7:65–72 3 Schnell, Coop. SIOG 2003;37 4 Carmichael, Harris. Anti-Cancer Drugs 2003;14:739–44 5 Boike et al. Am J Health-Syst Pharm 1997;54:1172–6 # Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Kudos; Xenova Xenova Xenova Oxford Biomedica Attenuon
Preoperative radiochemotherapy treatment in advanced rectal carcinoma. Results of 8-year follow up
Authors: W. Mermershtain, A. Gluzman, I. Gusakova, S. Walfisch, D. B. Geffen, Y. Cohen, S. Ariad
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

3634 Background: Preoperative radiochemotherapy (RCT) may play an important role in decreasing local recurrence and possibly improving survival for advanced rectal carcinoma. Methods: 30 patients (pts) (median age 61.5) with advanced low rectal cancer, from 1995 to1998 were treated by RCT prior to surgery. Radiotherapy was administered to the pelvis using 10MV linear accelerator to the pelvis to a total dose of 45Gy given over five weeks. 5-FU (500mg/m2/day i.v.) was given concomitantly on days 1–3 and 29–31. Surgery was performed 2- 4 weeks after RCT and included abdominal perineal resection in 15 pts, anterior resection in 11 pts, transanal resection of tumor - 1 pt, explorative laparotomy - 1 pt and only 2 pts refused surgery. Results: There were no serious toxicities associated with RCT. Mild to moderate transient radiation dermatitis was noted in three pts, and grade II diarrhea in four pts. Postoperative pathologic staging was as follows: no tumor found (CR)- 4 pts, Dukes B1–5 pts, Dukes B2–17 pts, B3 (vaginal involvement)-1 pt, C2–2 pt, and D1–1 pt. The response rate was: CR –13%, PR –77%, NC –10%. The 5 and 8 year overall survival was 70% and 58% respectively. Necrosis and/or fibrosis was noted as a prominent histopathologic feature. Conclusions: Preoperative RCT in this series of 30 pts with advanced rectal cancer was well tolerated and associated with a high response rate. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Letters: summary of responses
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Cross-country comparisonsThere is evidence in developed and in developing countries that acknowledging the sexual activity of adolescents and meeting their sexual health needs with targeted education and preventive care services can help reduce risky sexual behaviour and its consequences. 18 19 The sexual health needs of young people in Nigeria are high, as evidenced by the prevalence of pregnancy and sexually transmitted disease, including HIV/AIDS.By age 13 years over a quarter of the students in our study were sexually active.Among US students surveyed in the same year (1999), sexual activity by age 13 years was reported by 5.5% of white students, 20.5% of black students, and 9.2% of Hispanic students.Whereas 39% of female students in our study had had a past or current pregnancy, the rate among female high school students in the United States in the same year was 7.6%. 16 ConclusionsThe findings of our study can help programme planners in Nigeria tailor prevention strategies to the needs of adolescent school students but should not be generalised to adolescents who are out of school.Work that advances our understanding of the contexts of time, place, and people around adolescents in Nigeria is needed if we are to interpret international research correctly and plan interventions that are appropriate and effective.