tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Early experience of a new national lung allocation scheme in the UK based on clinical urgency
Authors: Ahmed Al-Adhami, Mohamed Al-Aloul, Sally Rushton, Richard Damian Thompson, Martin Carby, Jordan Lordan, Stephen Clark, Helen Spencer, Steven Tsui, Jasvir Parmar
Journal: Thorax (2023)

Introduction A new UK Lung Allocation Scheme (UKLAS) was introduced in 2017, replacing the previous geographic allocation system. Patients are prioritised according to predefined clinical criteria into a three-tier system: the super-urgent lung allocation scheme (SULAS), the urgent lung allocation scheme (ULAS) and the non-urgent lung allocation scheme (NULAS). This study assessed the early impact of this scheme on waiting-list and post-transplant outcomes. Methods A cohort study of adult lung transplant registrations between March 2015 and November 2016 (era-1) and between May 2017 and January 2019 (era-2). Outcomes from registration were compared between eras and stratified by urgency tier and diagnostic group. Results During era-1, 461 patients were registered. In era-2, 471 patients were registered (19 (4.0%) SULAS, 82 (17.4%) ULAS and 370 (78.6%) NULAS). SULAS patients were younger (median age 35 vs 50 and 55 for urgent and non-urgent, respectively, p=0.0015) and predominantly suffered from cystic fibrosis (53%) or pulmonary fibrosis (37%). Between eras 1 and 2, the odds of transplantation within 6 months of registration were increased (OR=1.41, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.85, p=0.0142) despite only a 5% increase in transplant activity. Median time-to-transplantation during era-1 was 427 days compared with waiting times in era-2 of 8 days for SULAS, 15 days for ULAS and 585 days for NULAS patients. Waiting-list mortality (15% era-1 vs 13% era-2; p=0.5441) and post-transplant survival at 1 year (81.3% era-1 vs 83.3% era-2; p=0.6065) were similar between eras. Conclusion The UKLAS scheme prioritises the critically ill and improves transplantation odds. The true impact on waiting-list mortality and post-transplant survival requires further follow-up.
A New Global Definition of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Michael A. Matthay, Yaseen Arabi, Alejandro C. Arroliga, Gordon Bernard, Andrew D. Bersten, Laurent J. Brochard, Carolyn S. Calfee, Alain Combes, Brian M. Daniel, Niall D. Ferguson, Michelle N. Gong, Jeffrey E. Gotts, Margaret S. Herridge, John G. Laffey, Kathleen D. Liu, Flavia R. Machado, Thomas R. Martin, Danny F. McAuley, Alain Mercat, Marc Moss, Richard A. Mularski, Antonio Pesenti, Haibo Qiu, Nagarajan Ramakrishnan, V. Marco Ranieri, Elisabeth D. Riviello, Eileen Rubin, Arthur S. Slutsky, B. Taylor Thompson, Theogene Twagirumugabe, Lorraine B. Ware, Katherine D. Wick
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2023)

Since publication of the 2012 Berlin definition of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), several developments have supported the need for an expansion of the definition, including the use of high-flow nasal oxygen, the expansion of the use of pulse oximetry in place of arterial blood gases, the use of ultrasound for chest imaging, and the need for applicability in resource-limited settings.
Comparative effectiveness of SGLT2 inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists, DPP-4 inhibitors, and sulfonylureas on risk of major adverse cardiovascular events: emulation of a randomised target trial using electronic health records
Authors: Yan Xie, Benjamin Bowe, Hong Xian, Travis Loux, Janet B McGill, Ziyad Al-Aly
Journal: The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology (2023)
Annals Graphic Medicine - Dr. Mom: The Summer Camp Double Bind
Authors: Grace E. Farris
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2023)

Web ExclusivesAugust 2023Annals Graphic Medicine - Dr. Mom: The Summer Camp Double BindFREEGrace E. Farris, MDGrace E. Farris, MDUniversity of Texas, Austin, Texas (G.E.F.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/G23-0030 SectionsAboutVisual AbstractPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Download figure Download PowerPoint Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Grace E. Farris, MDAffiliations: University of Texas, Austin, Texas (G.E.F.)Disclosures: Disclosures can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=G22-0020.Author/Illustrator Information: Grace E. Farris, MD, is an assistant professor of medicine at Dell Medical School at the University of Texas in Austin, Texas. You can view her work at her website: www.farrisgrace.com.About Dr. Mom: In Dr. Mom, physician and cartoonist Grace Farris examines work–life balance while mothering and doctoring. Dr. Mom appears quarterly in Annals Graphic Medicine at Annals.org.This article was published at Annals.org on 25 July 2023. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics August 2023Volume 176, Issue 8 ePublished: 25 July 2023 Issue Published: August 2023 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2023 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Molecular and metabolic regulation of immunosuppression in metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Shailendra K. Gautam, Surinder K. Batra, Maneesh Jain
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2023)

Immunosuppression is a hallmark of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), contributing to early metastasis and poor patient survival. Compared to the localized tumors, current standard-of-care therapies have failed to improve the survival of patients with metastatic PDAC, that necessecitates exploration of novel therapeutic approaches. While immunotherapies such as immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) and therapeutic vaccines have emerged as promising treatment modalities in certain cancers, limited responses have been achieved in PDAC. Therefore, specific mechanisms regulating the poor response to immunotherapy must be explored. The immunosuppressive microenvironment driven by oncogenic mutations, tumor secretome, non-coding RNAs, and tumor microbiome persists throughout PDAC progression, allowing neoplastic cells to grow locally and metastasize distantly. The metastatic cells escaping the host immune surveillance are unique in molecular, immunological, and metabolic characteristics. Following chemokine and exosomal guidance, these cells metastasize to the organ-specific pre-metastatic niches (PMNs) constituted by local resident cells, stromal fibroblasts, and suppressive immune cells, such as the metastasis-associated macrophages, neutrophils, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. The metastatic immune microenvironment differs from primary tumors in stromal and immune cell composition, functionality, and metabolism. Thus far, multiple molecular and metabolic pathways, distinct from primary tumors, have been identified that dampen immune effector functions, confounding the immunotherapy response in metastatic PDAC. This review describes major immunoregulatory pathways that contribute to the metastatic progression and limit immunotherapy outcomes in PDAC. Overall, we highlight the therapeutic vulnerabilities attributable to immunosuppressive factors and discuss whether targeting these molecular and immunological "hot spots" could improve the outcomes of PDAC immunotherapies.
Effect of Initial Treatment With a Single Pill Containing Quadruple Combination of Quarter Doses of Blood Pressure Medicines Versus Standard Dose Monotherapy in Patients With Hypertension on Ambulatory Blood Pressure Indices: Results From the QUARTET Study
Authors: Janis M. Nolde, Emily Atkins, Simone Marschner, Graham S. Hillis, John Chalmers, Laurent Billot, Mark R. Nelson, Christopher M. Reid, Peter Hay, Michael Burke, Shirley Jansen, Tim Usherwood, Anthony Rodgers, Clara K. Chow, Markus P. Schlaich
Journal: Circulation (2023)
C-Reactive Protein and Risk of Incident Heart Failure in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Pascal M. Burger, Stefan Koudstaal, Arend Mosterd, Aernoud T.L. Fiolet, Martin Teraa, Manon G. van der Meer, Maarten J. Cramer, Frank L.J. Visseren, Paul M. Ridker, Jannick A.N. Dorresteijn, M.J. Cramer, M.G. van der Meer, H.M. Nathoe, G.J. de Borst, M.L. Bots, M.H. Emmelot-Vonk, P.A. de Jong, A.T. Lely, N.P. van der Kaaij, L.J. Kappelle, Y.M. Ruigrok, M.C. Verhaar, F.L.J. Visseren, J.A.N. Dorresteijn
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2023)
Genetic history of East-Central Europe in the first millennium CE
Authors: Ireneusz Stolarek, Michal Zenczak, Luiza Handschuh, Anna Juras, Malgorzata Marcinkowska-Swojak, Anna Spinek, Artur Dębski, Marzena Matla, Hanna Kóčka-Krenz, Janusz Piontek, Marek Figlerowicz
Journal: Genome biology (2023)

The appearance of Slavs in East-Central Europe has been the subject of an over 200-year debate driven by two conflicting hypotheses. The first assumes that Slavs came to the territory of contemporary Poland no earlier than the sixth century CE; the second postulates that they already inhabited this region in the Iron Age (IA). Testing either hypothesis is not trivial given that cremation of the dead was the prevailing custom in Central Europe from the late Bronze Age until the Middle Ages (MA).
RadioLOGIC, a healthcare model for processing electronic health records and decision-making in breast disease
Authors: Tianyu Zhang, Tao Tan, Xin Wang, Yuan Gao, Luyi Han, Luuk Balkenende, Anna D’Angelo, Lingyun Bao, Hugo M. Horlings, Jonas Teuwen, Regina G.H. Beets-Tan, Ritse M. Mann
Journal: Cell Reports Medicine (2023)

Digital health data used in diagnostics, patient care, and oncology research continue to accumulate exponentially. Most medical information, and particularly radiology results, are stored in free-text format, and the potential of these data remains untapped. In this study, a radiological repomics-driven model incorporating medical token cognition (RadioLOGIC) is proposed to extract repomics (report omics) features from unstructured electronic health records and to assess human health and predict pathological outcome via transfer learning. The average accuracy and F1-weighted score for the extraction of repomics features using RadioLOGIC are 0.934 and 0.934, respectively, and 0.906 and 0.903 for the prediction of breast imaging-reporting and data system scores. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the prediction of pathological outcome without and with transfer learning are 0.912 and 0.945, respectively. RadioLOGIC outperforms cohort models in the capability to extract features and also reveals promise for checking clinical diagnoses directly from electronic health records.
Single-cell analyses implicate ascites in remodeling the ecosystems of primary and metastatic tumors in ovarian cancer
Authors: Xiaocui Zheng, Xinjing Wang, Xi Cheng, Zhaoyuan Liu, Yujia Yin, Xiaoduan Li, Zhihao Huang, Ziliang Wang, Wei Guo, Florent Ginhoux, Ziyi Li, Zemin Zhang, Xipeng Wang
Journal: Nature Cancer (2023)

Ovarian cancer (OC) is an aggressive gynecological tumor usually diagnosed with widespread metastases and ascites. Here, we depicted a single-cell landscape of the OC ecosystem with five tumor-relevant sites, including omentum metastasis and malignant ascites. Our data reveal the potential roles of ascites-enriched memory T cells as a pool for tumor-infiltrating exhausted CD8+ T cells and T helper 1-like cells. Moreover, tumor-enriched macrophages exhibited a preference for monocyte-derived ontogeny, whereas macrophages in ascites were more of embryonic origin. Furthermore, we characterized MAIT and dendritic cells in malignant ascites, as well as two endothelial subsets in primary tumors as predictive biomarkers for platinum-based chemotherapy response. Taken together, our study provides a global view of the female malignant ascites ecosystem and offers valuable insights for its connection with tumor tissues and paves the way for potential markers of efficacy evaluation and therapy resistance in OC.
Outcome for Children and Young Adults With T-Cell ALL and Induction Failure in Contemporary Trials
Authors: Elizabeth A. Raetz, Paola Rebora, Valentino Conter, Martin Schrappe, Meenakshi Devidas, Gabriele Escherich, Chihaya Imai, Barbara De Moerloose, Kjeld Schmiegelow, Melissa A. Burns, Sarah Elitzur, Rob Pieters, Andishe Attarbaschi, Allen Yeoh, Ching-Hon Pui, Jan Stary, Gunnar Cario, Nicole Bodmer, Anthony V. Moorman, Barbara Buldini, Ajay Vora, Maria Grazia Valsecchi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2023)

Outcome improvement for T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and Induction failure in a contemporary treatment era.
Synchronous targeted delivery of TGF-β siRNA to stromal and tumor cells elicits robust antitumor immunity against triple-negative breast cancer by comprehensively remodeling the tumor microenvironment
Authors: Mengmeng Yang, Chao Qin, Linlin Tao, Gang Cheng, Jingjing Li, Fangnan Lv, Nan Yang, Zuhang Xing, Xinyu Chu, Xiaopeng Han, Meirong Huo, Lifang Yin
Journal: Biomaterials (2023)
Time and dose-dependent effect of systemic glucocorticoids on major adverse cardiovascular event in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a population-based study
Authors: Ho So, Tsz On Lam, Huan Meng, Steven Ho Man Lam, Lai-Shan Tam
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2023)

Cardiovascular event (CVE) risk in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was increased by glucocorticoids (GC) use. Whether there is a threshold dose and duration of GC use beyond which will increase CVE rate remains controversial. We studied the time-varying effect of GC and its dose on the risk of incident major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with RA.
Advancing integrated governance for health through national biodiversity strategies and action plans
Authors: Liz Willetts, Carly Siege, Anna M Stewart-Ibarra, Ojistoh Horn, Benjamas Chotthong, Tanirat Tanawat, Phyllis Omido, Manushi Sharma, Lujain Alqodmani, Nathan J Bennett, Christopher D Golden, Cicilia Wangari Githaiga, Neil M Vora
Journal: The Lancet (2023)
Collagen membrane functionalized with magnesium oxide via room-temperature atomic layer deposition promotes osteopromotive and antimicrobial properties
Authors: Soumya Saha, Raphael Cavalcante Costa, Mirela Caroline Silva, João Matheus Fonseca-Santos, Lin Chen, Abhijit H. Phakatkar, Harshdeep Bhatia, Leonardo P. Faverani, Valentim A.R. Barão, Tolou Shokuhfar, Cortino Sukotjo, Christos Takoudis
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2023)

Artificial bone grafting materials such as collagen are gaining interest due to the ease of production and implantation. However, collagen must be supplemented with additional coating materials for improved osteointegration. Here, we report room-temperature atomic layer deposition (ALD) of MgO, a novel method to coat collagen membranes with MgO. Characterization techniques such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and electron beam dispersion mapping confirm the chemical nature of the film. Scanning electron and atomic force microscopies show the surface topography and morphology of the collagen fibers were not altered during the ALD of MgO. Slow release of magnesium ions promotes bone growth, and we show the deposited MgO film leaches trace amounts of Mg when incubated in phosphate-buffered saline at 37 °C. The coated collagen membrane had a superhydrophilic surface immediately after the deposition of MgO. The film was not toxic to human cells and demonstrated antibacterial properties against bacterial biofilms. Furthermore, in vivo studies performed on calvaria rats showed MgO-coated membranes (200 and 500 ALD) elicit a higher inflammatory response, leading to an increase in angiogenesis and a greater bone formation, mainly for Col-MgO500, compared to uncoated collagen. Based on the characterization of the MgO film and in vitro and in vivo data, the MgO-coated collagen membranes are excellent candidates for guided bone regeneration.
The 2022 EULAR/ACR points to consider at the early stages of diagnosis and management of suspected haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis/macrophage activation syndrome (HLH/MAS)
Authors: Bita Shakoory, Ashley Geerlinks, Marta Wilejto, Kate Kernan, Melissa Hines, Micol Romano, David Piskin, Angelo Ravelli, Rashmi Sinha, Daniel Aletaha, Carl Allen, Hamid Bassiri, Edward M Behrens, Joseph Carcillo, Linda Carl, Winn Chatham, Jeffrey I Cohen, Randy Q Cron, Erik Drewniak, Alexei A Grom, Lauren A Henderson, Annacarin Horne, Michael B Jordan, Kim E Nichols, Grant Schulert, Sebastiaan Vastert, Erkan Demirkaya, Raphaela Goldbach-Mansky, Fabrizio de Benedetti, Rebecca A Marsh, Scott W Canna
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2023)

<h3>Objective</h3> Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) and macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) are life-threatening systemic hyperinflammatory syndromes that can develop in most inflammatory contexts. They can progress rapidly, and early identification and management are critical for preventing organ failure and mortality. This effort aimed to develop evidence-based and consensus-based points to consider to assist clinicians in optimising decision-making in the <i>early stages</i> of diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of HLH/MAS. <h3>Methods</h3> A multinational, multidisciplinary task force of physician experts, including adult and paediatric rheumatologists, haematologist/oncologists, immunologists, infectious disease specialists, intensivists, allied healthcare professionals and patients/parents, formulated relevant research questions and conducted a systematic literature review (SLR). Delphi methodology, informed by SLR results and questionnaires of experts, was used to generate statements aimed at assisting early decision-making and optimising the initial care of patients with HLH/MAS. <h3>Results</h3> The task force developed 6 overarching statements and 24 specific points to consider relevant to early recognition of HLH/MAS, diagnostic approaches, initial management and monitoring of HLH/MAS. Major themes included the simultaneous need for prompt syndrome recognition, systematic evaluation of underlying contributors, early intervention targeting both hyperinflammation and likely contributors, careful monitoring for progression/complications and expert multidisciplinary assistance. <h3>Conclusion</h3> These 2022 EULAR/American College of Rheumatology points to consider provide up-to-date guidance, based on the best available published data and expert opinion. They are meant to help guide the initial evaluation, management and monitoring of patients with HLH/MAS in order to halt disease progression and prevent life-threatening immunopathology.
Surface defect engineered-Mg-based implants enable the dual functions of superhydrophobic and synergetic photothermal/chemodynamic therapy
Authors: Dongdong Zhang, Ru Xu, Shuhan Chen, Huihui Du, Shi Qian, Feng Peng, Xuanyong Liu
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2023)

Promoting metallic magnesium (Mg)-based implants to treat bone diseases in clinics, such as osteosarcoma and bacterial infection, remains a challenging topic. Herein, an iron hydroxide-based composite coating with a two-stage nanosheet-like structure was fabricated on Mg alloy, and this was followed by a thermal reduction treatment to break some of the surface Fe-OH bonds. The coating demonstrated three positive changes in properties due to the defects. First, the removal of -OH made the coating superhydrophobic, and it had self-cleaning and antifouling properties. This is beneficial for keeping the implants clean and for anti-corrosion before implantation into the human body. Furthermore, the superhydrophobicity could be removed by immersing the implant in a 75% ethanol solution, to further facilitate biological action during service. Second, the color of the coating changed from yellow to brown-black, leading to an increase in the light absorption, which resulted in an excellent photothermal effect. Third, the defects increased the Fe2+ content in the coating and highly improved peroxidase activity. Thus, the defect coating exhibited synergistic photothermal/chemodynamic therapeutic effects for bacteria and tumors. Moreover, the coating substantially enhanced the anti-corrosion and biocompatibility of the Mg alloys. Therefore, this study offers a novel multi-functional Mg-based implant for osteosarcoma therapy.
Social determinants of health: A forgotten risk factor for neurocognition in pediatric brain tumor survivors
Authors: Matthew D Hall, Rupesh Kotecha
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2023)

Journal Article Social determinants of health: A forgotten risk factor for neurocognition in pediatric brain tumor survivors Get access Matthew D Hall, Matthew D Hall Department of Radiation Oncology, Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, Florida, USADepartment of Radiation Oncology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA Corresponding Author: Matthew D. Hall, MD, MBA, Miami, Florida, USA (matthew.d.hall.20@gmail.com; MatthewHa@baptisthealth.net) https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8768-3577 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Rupesh Kotecha Rupesh Kotecha Department of Radiation Oncology, Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, Florida, USADepartment of Radiation Oncology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6927-0402 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Neuro-Oncology, Volume 25, Issue 10, October 2023, Pages 1852–1853, https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noad127 Published: 24 July 2023 Article history Published: 24 July 2023 Corrected and typeset: 16 August 2023
Brief Psychotherapeutic Intervention Compared with Treatment as Usual for Adolescents with Nonsuicidal Self-Injury: Outcomes over a 2–4-Year Follow-Up
Authors: Franziska Rockstroh, Alexandra Edinger, Johannes Josi, Gloria Fischer-Waldschmidt, Romuald Brunner, Franz Resch, Michael Kaess
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2023)

The "Cutting Down Programme" (CDP), a brief psychotherapeutic intervention for treating nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) in adolescents, was comparable to high-quality treatment as usual (TAU) in a previous randomized controlled trial (RCT).The aim of the study was to evaluate the long-term outcomes of the CDP over up to 4 years.Assessments of NSSI, suicide attempts, borderline personality disorder (BPD), depression, and quality of life took place 2 to 4 years (T3) after enrollment in a RCT. The evolution of NSSI, suicide attempts, depression, and quality of life was analyzed using (generalized) linear mixed-effects models. Ordered logistic regression was used for analyzing BPD diagnoses. Data from T0, T2, and T3 are reported.Out of 74 patients, 70 (95%) were included in the T3 assessment. The frequency of NSSI events alongside with suicide attempts and depression further decreased between T2 and T3 and BPD between T0 and T3 in both groups. Quality of life remained stable in both groups between T2 and T3. Both groups received substantial but comparable additional treatment between T2 and T3. More treatment sessions during the follow-up period were linked to larger improvements of NSSI.The CDP was found to be as effective as TAU in promoting recovery from NSSI and comorbid symptoms in the long term. Results suggest that treatment effects from a brief psychotherapeutic intervention may endure and even further improve after completion of the program. However, additional treatment seems to improve chances for recovery independent from CDP versus TAU.