tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ecological Risk Assessment of Endocrine Disruptors
Authors: Thomas H. Hutchinson, Rick Brown, Kristin E. Brugger, Pamela M. Campbell, Martin Holt, Reinhard Lange, Peter McCahon, Lisa J. Tattersfield, Roger van Egmond
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

The European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals proposes a tiered approach for the ecological risk assessment of endocrine disruptors, integrating exposure and hazard (effects) characterization. Exposure assessment for endocrine disruptors should direct specific tests for wildlife species, placing hazard data into a risk assessment context. Supplementing the suite of mammalian screens now under Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) validation, high priority should be given to developing a fish screening assay for detecting endocrine activity in oviparous species. Taking into account both exposure characterization and alerts from endocrine screening, higher tier tests are also a priority for defining adverse effects. We propose that in vivo mammalian and fish assays provide a comprehensive screening battery for diverse hormonal functions (including androgen, estrogen, and thyroid hormone), whereas Amphibia should be considered at higher tiers if there are exposure concerns. Higher tier endocrine-disruptor testing should include fish development and fish reproduction tests, whereas a full life-cycle test could be subsequently used to refine aquatic risk assessments when necessary. For avian risk assessment, the new OECD Japanese quail reproduction test guideline provides a valuable basis for developing a test to detecting endocrine-mediated reproductive effects; this species could be used, where necessary, for an avian life-cycle test. For aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates, data from existing developmental and reproductive tests remain of high value for ecological risk assessment. High priority should be given to research into comparative endocrine physiology of invertebrates to support data extrapolation to this diverse fauna.
THE ASSOCIATION AND SENN MEDALS.
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Blindness from Ophthalmia Neonatorum and its Prophylaxis.
Journal: JAMA (1884)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
TUBERCLE BACILLI IN CHEESE.
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Alcohol and Society
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 17193: Inhibiting Late Sodium Current Attenuates Isoproterenol-Induced Transient Inward Current and Delayed Afterdepolarizations in Ventricular Myocytes
Authors: Yejia Song, Nesrine El-Bizri, Sridharan Rajamani, Luiz Belardinelli
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: The β-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol (ISO) is known to induce the arrhythmogenic transient inward current (I Ti ) and delayed afterdepolarization (DAD) via a stimulation of L-type Ca 2+ current. Recent studies found that ISO-induced DADs in cardiac tissues are inhibited by GS967, a selective blocker of the late Na + current (I NaL ). Thus, we hypothesize that I NaL contributes to the actions of ISO, and selective inhibition of this current will reduce ISO-induced I Ti and DADs. Methods: Transmembrane currents and action potentials of rabbit and guinea pig (GP) ventricular myocytes were recorded using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. ISO (0.1 μM), GS967 (1 μM) and the Na + channel blocker tetrodotoxin (TTX, 3 μM) were used in the experiments. Results: In rabbit myocytes, application of ISO caused an increase in the amplitude of I NaL from -0.10±0.03 to -0.32±0.04 pA/pF (n = 17, p &lt; 0.05). The ISO-stimulated I NaL was inhibited by GS967 and TTX. In one series of experiments, ISO increased the I NaL from -0.14±0.04 to -0.35±0.06 pA/pF, and GS967 applied in the presence of ISO reduced the current to -0.14±0.03 pA/pF (n = 9, p &lt; 0.05). In another series of experiments, the amplitude of I NaL was increased by ISO from -0.17±0.08 to -0.41±0.09 pA/pF, and was decreased to -0.09±0.08 pA/pF when TTX was applied with ISO (n = 5, p &lt; 0.05). Application of ISO also induced I Ti and DADs. GS967 applied in the presence of ISO inhibited the amplitude of I Ti by 52±6%, from -1.79±0.30 to -0.87±0.16 pA/pF (n = 8, p &lt; 0.05). Consistent with the inhibition of I Ti , GS967 suppressed the amplitude of ISO-induced DADs by 56±12%, from 6.54±1.59 to 3.22±1.27 mV (n = 5, p &lt; 0.05). Similarly, in GP myocytes ISO-induced I Ti and DADs were decreased by GS967 from -1.14±0.21 to -0.73±0.16 pA/pF (n = 7, p &lt; 0.05) and from 7.16±0.59 to 4.67±0.24 mV (n = 5, p &lt; 0.05), respectively. Conclusions: An increased I NaL is likely to contribute to the proarrhythmic effects of ISO in cardiac myocytes. GS967 significantly attenuated ISO-induced I NaL , I Ti and DADs, suggesting that inhibiting this current could be an effective strategy to antagonize the arrhythmogenic actions of β-adrenergic stimulation.
The Role of Biotransformation in Chemical-Induced Liver Injury
Authors: Jerry R. Mitchell, Wayne R. Snodgrass, James R. Gillette
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1976)

The role of drug metabolism in chemical-induced liver injury is reviewed. Parameters for studying the formation of chemically reactive metabolites are discussed and the factors that alter the formation and covalent binding of reactive metabolites are selectively emphasized. Some of the experimental work that led to these concepts is discussed, especially the chemical toxicology of the hepatic injury produced by acetaminophen, bromobenzene, furosemide, isoniazid and iproniazid.
An outbreak of Norwalk virus gastroenteritis associated with eating raw oysters. Implications for maintaining safe oyster beds
Authors: M. A. Kohn
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To determine the characteristics and the cause of an outbreak of gastroenteritis associated with eating raw oysters. <h3>Design.</h3> —Survey of groups of persons reporting illness to the health department after eating oysters; survey of convenience sample of oyster harvesters; and tracing of implicated oysters. <h3>Setting.</h3> —General community. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Relative risk for illness after oyster consumption, source bed of contaminated oysters, presence of antibodies to Norwalk virus in serum, presence of a Norwalk virus in stool by direct electron microscopy and reverse transcription—polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and DNA sequences of RT-PCR products. <h3>Results.</h3> —Seventy (83%) of 84 persons who ate raw oysters became ill vs three (7%) of 43 people who did not eat raw oysters (relative risk, 11.9; 95% confidence interval, 4.0 to 34.2). Eleven (79%) of 14 serum pairs had at least a fourfold increase in antibody to Norwalk virus. All 12 stool samples tested were positive by electron microscopy and/or RT-PCR for Norwalk virus. The RT-PCR products from all seven stool samples tested had identical DNA sequences. Implicated oysters were harvested November 9 through 13, 1993, from a remote oyster bed. Crews from 22 (85%) of 26 oyster harvesting boats working in this area reported routine overboard disposal of sewage. One harvester with a high level of antibodies to Norwalk virus reported having gastroenteritis November 7 through 10 and overboard disposal of feces into the oyster bed. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —This outbreak was caused by contamination of oysters in the oyster bed, probably by stool from one or more ill harvesters. Education of oyster harvesters and enforcement of regulations governing waste disposal by oyster harvesting boats might prevent similar outbreaks. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;273:466-471)
Heat Stroke
Authors: CHARLES L. SPRUNG
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Letters1 September 1979Heat StrokeCHARLES L. SPRUNG, M.D., CARLOS J. PORTOCARRERO, M.D.CHARLES L. SPRUNG, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, CARLOS J. PORTOCARRERO, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-91-3-503 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We read with interest the article in the June 1979 issue by Shapiro and associates (1) concerning heat intolerance in former heat-stroke patients. The significantly lower oxygen consumption in people with previous heat stroke may be related to their inability to increase cardiac output in response to an acute heat stress. An increase in cardiac output is necessary to dissipate a heat load imposed by increased environmental temperature (2). Therefore, it is not surprising that certain patients who develop heat stroke have an inappropriately low cardiac output despite severe heat stress (3).We take exception with the...References1. SHAPIROMAGAZANIKUDASSINBEN-BARUCHSHVARTZSHOENFELD YARGEY. Heat intolerance in former heat stroke patients. Ann Intern Med. 1979;90:913-6. LinkGoogle Scholar2. EISALO A. Effects of the Finnish sauna on circulation: studies on healthy and hypertensive subjects. Ann Med Exp Biol Fenn. 1956;34(suppl 4):1-96. Google Scholar3. SPRUNG C. Hemodynamic alterations of heat stroke in the elderly. Chest. 1979;75:362-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. LEVINE J. Heat stroke in the aged. Am J Med. 1969;47:251-8. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. SPRUNGFERNAINEPORTOCARREROWEINBERG CACP. The metabolic and respiratory alterations of heat stroke. Arch Intern Med. In press. Google Scholar1. SHAPIROMAGAZANIKUDASSINBEN-BARUCHSHVARTZSHOENFELD YARGEY. Heat intolerance in former heatstroke patients. Ann Intern Med. 1979;90:913-6. LinkGoogle Scholar2. BRITTENDRENYIPETERSKWONGKADEJEVIC BLPFL. Screening of malignant hyperthermia susceptible families by creatine Phosphokinase measurement and other clinical investigations. Can AnaesthSoc J. 1976;23:263-84. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. ELLISCLARKEMODGILLCURRIEHARRIMAN FIMSD. Evaluation of creatine Phosphokinase in screening patients for malignant hyperpyrexia. Br Med J. 1975;3:511-3. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. ELLISKEANEYHARRIMAN FND. Screening for malighyperpyrexia. Br Med J. 1972;3:559-61. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Veterans Administration Medical Center University of Miami School of Medicine Miami, FL 33125 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByTrastuzumab cardiotoxicity: biological hypotheses and clinical open issuesCorrection: Name Missing from Letter on Heat Stroke 1 September 1979Volume 91, Issue 3Page: 503-503KeywordsCardiac outputOxygen consumptionStrokeTemperature Issue Published: 1 September 1979 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Hypo- vs Hyperglycaemia State
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Severe head injuries.
Journal: BMJ (1968)

PointersPreventive Medicine: Advantages and dis- advantages of multiple screening of women patients in a general practice assessed.The most common conditions found were anaemia, bacteriuria, raised blood pressure, obesity, and hypercholesterolaemia.Actual screening does not require presence of a doctor (p. 643).Immune Status and Gastrectomy: Pre-and post-operative immunofluorescent examination of serum in 51 patients failed to demonstrate circulating parietal-cell antibodies, and thus failed to support the hypothesis that these arise as a result of damage to gastric mucosa (p.647).Splenomegaly and Malaria: Gross splenomegaly in children is most likely to be due to malaria in Uganda (p.649).Chronic Bronchitis: Evaluation of treatment re- quires objective criteria, and a simple method using measurements of lactic dehydrogenase activity can distinguish between infected and uninfected cases (p.654).Kidney and Leptospirosis: Estimation of serum creatinine may give best guide to cause of impaired renal function, and indicate need or otherwise for fluid replacement (p.656).Fibrinolysis and Exercise: Fibrinolytic response in healthy middle-aged subjects not statistically different from that in young subjects (p.658).Hand-Foot-and-Mouth: Epidemic of human form of disease communicated by Coxsackie A.10 virus strains in New Zealand (p.661).Plasma Cortisol Levels: Single-dose dexa- methasone suppression test appears to be of
<i>From the authors</i>
Authors: R. Pellegrino, V. Brusasco, R. O. Crapo, G. Viegi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2006)

We would like to thank D. Stanescu for giving us the opportunity to clarify the definition of airflow obstruction recently given in the interpretative strategies document from the American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society (ERS) Task Force [1].The document states that in most cases a ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) to vital capacity (VC) below the lower limits of normality is the parameter that best and most frequently embodies the concept of airflow obstruction with few exceptions.However, in some cases, a low FEV1 with a normal FEV1/VC may also be consistent with an obstructive pattern if total lung capacity is normal.This pattern has been observed after exposing the airways to a constrictor agent [2,3] or in natural respiratory diseases [4], reproduced in healthy subjects [5,6], and has already been interpreted as consistent with airway narrowing in the 1993 ERS guidelines on lung function testing [7].The fact that this may be caused by a patchy collapse of the small airways on early expiration or expiratory flow limitation that, in turn, would cause an increase in residual volume was suggested by OLIVE and HYATT [2] in 1972 and then by other investigators in the years that followed [3,5,6].However, this hypothesis still needs confirmation, especially after the demonstration that even the large airways may close with induced bronchoconstriction [8], thus suggesting that the small airways are not the only ones that may contribute towards the generation of air trapping and an increase in residual volume.
Table of contents
Journal: Hepatology (2019)

Cover Figure: Mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling governs biliary epithelial cells (BECs)-driven liver regeneration by regulating the dedifferentiation of BECs at the initiation stage of liver regeneration.mTORC1 regulates the proliferation of bipotential progenitor cells (BP-PCs)-derived hepatocytes and BECs during liver regeneration after extreme hepatocyte injury in zebrafish.
<sup>166</sup>Ho-DOTMP Skeletal Targeted Radiotherapy with melphalan and autologous stem cell support for multiple myeloma
Authors: W. Bensinger, S. Giralt, M. Goodman, D. Salzman, K. Ruffner, H. Breitz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

6656 Background: 166Ho-DOTMP is a radiotherapeutic that localizes specifically to the skeleton and can deliver high dose radiation to the bone and marrow for skeletal targeted radiotherapy (STR). Follow-up data from 3 clinical trials of patients with multiple myeloma are presented. Methods: In 2 Phase I/II dose-escalation trials, 82 patients received a dose of 166Ho–DOTMP calculated to deliver 20, 30, or 40 Gy to the red marrow, plus melphalan (mel; 140 or 200 mg/m2) +/- 8 Gy TBI, followed by autologous stem cell transplant (PBSCT). As of 12/1/03, subjects have been followed for at least 38 months. In a separate Phase II dosimetry trial, 12 patients received 2 tracer doses of 166Ho-DOTMP to determine the reproducibility of biodistribution and pharmacokinetics (PK), followed by a 25 Gy therapy dose with continuous bladder irrigation, followed by 200 mg/m2 mel and PBSCT. These patients have been followed for at least 12 months. Results: Up to 2.3 Ci/m2 166Ho-DOTMP was given in the Phase I/II trials. 29/82 (35%) patients achieved complete response (CR) and ORR (CR + PR + SD) was 91% (7 pts not evaluable). Median duration of CR was > 24 months, and the Kaplan-Meyer estimate of 3 year survival was 60% for all 82 patients. Of 10 patients who received 750 mCi/m2 +/-10%, the CR rate was 40% and the 3-year survival was 90%. However, dose-related radiation-induced bladder and kidney toxicity appeared between 3 and 13 months post-therapy at high doses. Currently, 12 months of follow-up from the Phase II dosimetry trial shows no occurrence of hemorrhagic cystitis or elevated creatinine > Grade 2. The dose of 166Ho-DOTMP in this study was 550 to 860 mCi/m2. A CR rate of 17% was seen, and the biodistribution and PK of 166Ho-DOTMP were reproducible. Monitoring for safety and duration of response is ongoing for both trials. Conclusions: Follow-up from the Phase II dosimetry trial confirms that 750 mCi/m2 +/- 10% of 166Ho–DOTMP provides favorable efficacy and safety as part of the conditioning regimen for patients with multiple myeloma undergoing autologous PBSCT. A Phase III, multicenter, randomized trial with 750 mCi/m2 166Ho-DOTMP is planned to begin enrollment in Q1 of 2004. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration NeoRx NeoRx; PPD NeoRx NeoRx NeoRx, Inc.