tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Screening for Down's syndrome in the North East Thames region
Journal: BMJ (1985)

divorced men are abolished when those with admissions associated with alcoholism are considered by themselves.By contrast, in those without admissions associated with alcoholism, married men were particularly likely to have admissions associated with myocardial infarction, and to a lesser extent with hypertension, but were less likely than the never married and divorced men to be admitted with diabetes, with no consistent pattern observed for stroke in the two cohorts studied.Generally, therefore, two sets of factors, one related to marital state and the other associated with alcoholism, seem to affect the incidence of these diseases.By standardising for marital state it was possible to show that in both the cohort born in 1911-22 and that born in 1923-40 alcoholism was particularly associated with stroke and diabetes.Effects associated with myocardial infarction and hypertension were less clear, none being found in the younger cohort, but as age increased an increased incidence of both diseases was detectable.Data obtained in Australia,3 Sweden,4 the United Kingdom,' the United States of America,&" and Yugoslavia9 have generally confirmed that those who consume alcohol are less likely to be admitted to hospital with or to die from coronary heart disease than abstainers.There is less uniformity about the perceived conse- quence of heavy drinking.In Chicago heavy alcohol consumption was associated inter alia with heavy cigarette smoking and hypertension, and heavy drinkers had increased mortality from cardiovascular disease (ICD undefined) and coronary heart disease (ICD undefined) than lighter (non-problem) drinkers.'0In Gothenburg itself the 1913 study,4 an analysis of risk factors for myocardial infarction in 973 subjects born in 1913, suggested that problem drinkers were more likely to develop myocardial infarction and die from it than those without problems related to alcohol.A similar trend towards increased morbidity or mortality, or both, from cardiovascular disease, and particularly coronary heart disease, with heavy alcohol consumption has been noted in Puerto Rico,"
Abstract 176: Persistent Peripheral Arteritis Long After Kawasaki Disease - Another Documentation Of Ongoing Vascular Inflammation -
Authors: Kenji Suda, Nobuhiro Tahara, Akihiro Honda, Motofumi Iemura, Hironaga Yoshimoto, Shintaro Kishimoto, Yoshiyuki Kudo, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Hayato Kaida, Toshi Abe, Takafumi Ueno, Yoshihiro Fukumoto
Journal: Circulation (2015)

A 22-year-old male patient, who was suffered from Kawasaki disease (KD) at 1 year and 1 month of age and left with bilateral axillary arterial aneurysms (AAA) and regressed coronary aneurysm, visited us because of left hand edema and itchiness. He has been taking aspirin for thromboprophylaxis of AAA and well without any vascular event for these 20 years and does not have any sign of inflammatory disease. Digital subtraction angiography of bilateral arms revealed complete occlusion of left AAA with multiple collateral arteries supplying blood flow to the distal arm and persistent giant right AAA with 12 mm in diameter with only mild stenosis proximal to this AAA. To determine if the active inflammatory process is going on the axillary artery wall, the patient underwent positron emission tomography (PET) using fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) with co-registration of multi-detector x-ray computed tomography, PET indeed showed significant FDG uptake inside and part of the outer wall of the left AAA and only minimum FDG uptake at the right AAA. For left arm ischemia, he underwent resection of the left AAA and successful axilla-brachial artery bypass surgery using a reversed autologous saphenous vein graft that relieved his symptoms. Histological examination of the resected wall of AAA showed significant intimal thickening and the immunohistochemistry study labeling CD68, as the marker of macrophages, showed relatively dense staining of the intimal thickening of left AAA wall compatible with FDG uptake. This is the first documentation of persistent inflammation of peripheral arterial wall long after KD using FDG-PET that must have resulted in peripheral arterial remodeling.
Abstract 905: Alternative Splicing of <i>HMGCR</i> is Associated with Plasma LDL Cholesterol Response to Simvastatin
Authors: Marisa W Medina, Feng Gao, Weiming Ruan, Dana Crawford, Jerome I Rotter, Ronald M Krauss
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Statins can substantially lower plasma LDL cholesterol and reduce risk for coronary heart disease, but their efficacy varies among individuals. To test whether this variation is related to single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the gene for 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase ( HMGCR ), the key regulatory enzyme of cholesterol synthesis and the target of statin inhibition, we resequenced HMGCR exons, splice sites and 1.5kb of 5′ and 3′ flanking regions in 96 individuals. Subjects were equally derived from the upper and the lower 5% of the LDL-response distribution from the Cholesterol and Pharmacogenetics (CAP) study, a 6 week trial in which 944 subjects were treated with 40 mg/day simvastatin. Intronic SNP 20144 (rs3846662) was significantly (p&lt;0.05) associated with high versus low LDL cholesterol response status, and was part of a previously reported haplotype associated with a 14.8% smaller reduction in LDL cholesterol in the CAP cohort. Since SNP 20144 is adjacent to exon 13, a site of HMGCR alternative splicing, we measured expression levels of the splice variant lacking exon 13 ( HMGCRv 1 ) in 170 immortalized lymphocytes derived from the CAP subjects, and found that the SNP was associated with greater statin-induced HMGCR alternative splicing (p&lt;0.05). Moreover, there was a significant correlation between the increased magnitude of expression of HMGCRv 1 following statin exposure in vitro and smaller reductions of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, apoB and triglycerides in the plasma of the corresponding subjects in vivo (p&lt;0.0001). There was no relationship between the full-length transcript and in vivo response. Additionally, we used siRNA to specifically knock-down expression of the full-length HMGCR transcript by 68%, resulting in cells enriched in the HMGCRv 1 transcript. We then measured HMGCR enzyme activity and found that the remaining enzyme demonstrated 9 –15% greater residual activity in the presence of simvastatin concentrations ranging from 0.15nM to 6.0nM (n=10). These results suggest that HMGCR genetic variation influences the production of an HMGCR isoform with reduced statin sensitivity, and that variation in expression of this isoform is a determinant of inter-individual differences in statin response.
Serum Creatinine
Authors: George Dunea
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Determination of the serum creatinine concentration is widely used in the clinical evaluation of the patient with suspected renal disease. It provides an approximate estimation of the glomerular filtration rate and is a useful test, provided its limitations are appreciated. The method for determination of creatinine in the laboratory is based on the reaction described by Jaffe in 1886, namely, the development of a yellow or red color by the interreaction of creatinine and picric acid in an alkaline solution.<sup>1</sup>The presence in the serum of certain substances, usually called "chromogens," which give a similar color with picric acid, presents a problem in the determination and interpretation of the serum creatinine. Some of the chromogen substances are unknown. Others may include acetone, pyruvic and ascorbic acid, proteins, barbiturates, phenolsulfonphthalein, and sodium sulfobromophthalein. Their concentration varies with the method of deproteinization of the serum and the time allowed for development
Refeeding of Gastrostomy Drainage
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Provisions
Authors: Sylvia S. Villarreal
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2018)

Ad Libitum3 April 2018ProvisionsSylvia S. Villarreal, MEd, MPHSylvia S. Villarreal, MEd, MPHFrom McGovern Center for Humanities and Ethics, Houston, Texas.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M17-1909 Audio Reading - “Provisions” Audio. Virginia L. Hood, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "Provisions," by S.S. Villarreal. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail I spot you first in floral, reaching past purple gladiolasand petite roses to score a sassy bunch of sunflowers.On to bakery to claim a glossy cake—your daughter'sfavorite, I overhear—announcing her name in yellow icing.Our carts cross again in produce, where, over dusky eggplantsand delicate lettuces, we exchange a glancing smile—a nodto roles and rituals, we keepers of the celebration even afterdecades have distanced us from our homegrown progeny.something about perseverance, ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From McGovern Center for Humanities and Ethics, Houston, Texas.Current Author Address: Sylvia S. Villarreal, MEd, MPH; e-mail, Sylvia.S.[email protected]tmc.edu. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Audio Reading - “Provisions” Audio. Virginia L. Hood, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "Provisions," by S.S. Villarreal. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 3 April 2018Volume 168, Issue 7Page: 497 ePublished: 3 April 2018 Issue Published: 3 April 2018 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2018 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Impatiens Pollen Germination and Tube Growth as a Bioassay for Toxic Substances
Authors: David E. Bilderback
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1981)

Pollen of Impatiens sultanii Hook F. germinates and forms tubes rapidly at 25 degrees C in a simple medium containing 111.0 ppm CaCl2, 13.6 ppm KH2PO4, and 1000 ppm boric acid. Calcium, potassium, and boron are essential for germination and tube growth, but sucrose is not required. Pollen tubes grow with equal rapidity in liquid medium or on a medium solidified with 1% agar. Tube growth rates are linear for 1 hr. When different pollen sources or clonal sources are utilized, no variation in pollen tube growth is observed, and pollen from individual flowers remain viable for 26 hr. Formaldehyde inhibits pollen germination, tube production, and tube lengths at 7.5-10 ppm. With 2,4-dichlorophenol, pollen germination and tube production is inhibited at 0.5-20 ppm, while tube growth is inhibited significantly at 25 ppm. A biphasic inhibition of germination and tube formation occurs with p-cresol with a low level of inhibition occurring at 40-60 ppm and a higher one at 100-125 ppm. Tube lengths were inhibited at 150 ppm p-cresol. Acrylamide and dioctyl phthalate have no measurable effect upon pollen germination and tube growth.
A Medicolegal Study of Blood Stains
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Industrial Exhibits
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A potential new treatment for severe urticaria (hives)
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2020)

At some point in our lives up to a quarter of us suffer an attack of itching weals (hives, or urticaria). Fortunately, these attacks are usually short‐lived. For some people, however, urticaria can be persistent and/or severe. This disabling condition is called chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). As the name suggests, the attacks cannot be attributed to a specific allergy or physical exposure.
THE ANNUAL MEETING.
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
World Health Organization Consultation on Public Health Issues Related to Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy and the Emergence of a New Variant of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
Journal: JAMA (1996)

At a World Health Organization (WHO) Consultation organized in Geneva on April 2-3, 1996, a group of international experts reviewed the public health issues related to bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) and the emergence of a new variant of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (V-CJD), as officially reported by the United Kingdom on March 20, 1996. The Consultation made recommendations, based on the latest scientific information, to minimize transmission of BSE among animals and to reduce as completely as possible any exposure of humans to the BSE agent.
Insecticides and Blood Dyscrasias
Authors: Bruce Furie
Journal: JAMA (1976)

INCREASING awareness of the potential harmful effects of household and industrial chemical exposure on healthy individuals has provided impetus to attempts to identify dangerous agents and minimize unprotected exposure of persons who come in contact with these agents. For these reasons, we report our case. The patient was a man in prior good health with well-documented exposure to a commonly used insecticide, chlordane, and with subsequent development of a severe refractory megaloblastic anemia. Protected from further exposure to chlordane, the patient had a spontaneous remission. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 56-year-old dentist was in excellent health until August 1973. During the interval March to May 1973, he exterminated termites that had infested the foundation of his office. Exposure to the insecticide chlordane was extensive and is documented in his own words: "The use of Chlorane 74 by Vigoro [active ingredients: technical chlordane 74%, petroleum hydrocarbons 21%; inert ingredients 5%—Swift Agricultural
Tuberculosis transmission in a large urban jail
Authors: L. King
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Following diagnosis of moderately advanced tuberculosis in an inmate of Cook County Jail, tuberculin testing was performed to assess the degree of transmission of tuberculosis within the jail. Twenty-three percent of inmates exposed to the index patient were initially found to be tuberculin positive. Subsequent tuberculin testing three months later demonstrated a 71% rate of skin-test conversion in previously tuberculin-negative inmates exposed to the index patient. The rate of infectivity of tuberculosis within a jail is analogous to a household situation. Despite major obstacles, modern programs of tuberculosis screening and treatment are essential in correctional institutions. (<i>JAMA</i>237:791-792, 1977)
Abstract 516: Metformin inhibits monocyte differentiation to tumor associated macrophage (TAM) and may restore anti-tumor immunity
Authors: Akira Saito, Hideyuki Ohzawa, Mineyuki Tojo, Yuko Kumagai, Rihito Kanamaru, Hidenori Tsukui, Satomi Shiba, Homare Ito, Naohiro Sata, Joji Kitayama
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Background: Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play pivotal roles to regulate tumor cell behavior in tumor microenvironment and a high density of TAMs is associated with poor prognosis in various cancers. Recent studies have demonstrated that metformin, the first-line medication for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, have suppressive effects on tumor growth. Here, in this study, we investigated the effect of metformin on monocyte differentiation to TAMs. Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were obtained from healthy volunteers and CD14+ peripheral blood monocytes(PBMo) were purified by positive selection using the magnetic cell separation system. The PBMo were co-cultured with Panc-1, a human pancreas cancer cell, with metformin (10μM~10mM) using double chamber inserts of 0.4-μm sized pores at 37°C in 5% CO2 conditions for 5 days. Separately, PBMo were cultured with M-CSF for 5 days and then with IL-10 (20ng/ml)+TGF-β(20ng/ml) for addition 2 days with or without metformin. The differentiation to TAM were evaluated by the expression of M1/M2 markers as well as PD-L1/L2 by flowcytometry. The macrophages were co-cultured with autologous T cells stimulated with anti-CD3 and anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 microbeads and the effect on T cell proliferation was evaluated with CFSE dilution assay. Results: PBMo co-cultured with Panc-1 showed significantly enhanced expression of CD163, CD206, as well as markedly increased side scatter, suggesting the differentiation to M2-type macrophages. The macrophage also highly expressed PD-L1 and strongly inhibited the proliferation of autologous T cells. However, the expression of these antigens and inhibition of T cell growth were significantly suppressed by the presence of metformin with dose dependent manner. Metformin was effective at 100μM and almost nullified the effects of Panc-1 at 1mM. Metformin did not affect the antigen expression pattern during the treatment by M-CSF, but did downregulate the expression of CD206 and PD-L1 if added together with IL-10 +TGF-β. Conclusion: During the co-culture with tumor cells, metformin suppresses the monocyte differentiation to TAM at relatively late stage. Metformin can restore T cell mediated-tumor immunity in tumor microenvironment, at least partly, through the effects on TAM, that may result in tumor inhibition. Citation Format: Akira Saito, Hideyuki Ohzawa, Mineyuki Tojo, Yuko Kumagai, Rihito Kanamaru, Hidenori Tsukui, Satomi Shiba, Homare Ito, Naohiro Sata, Joji Kitayama. Metformin inhibits monocyte differentiation to tumor associated macrophage (TAM) and may restore anti-tumor immunity [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 516.
THE LIVER AND UREA FORMATION
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal