tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Time to Stop Early Treatment of Patent Ductus Arteriosus?
Authors: Carl H. Backes, Jonathan L. Slaughter
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2023)

The ductus arteriosus, an essential component of fetal circulation, bridges the two major arteries leading from the heart in utero. In healthy term infants, the ductus closes shortly after birth but remains patent (>3 postnatal days) in more than half of extremely preterm infants (<28 weeks' gestation) owing to immature ductal constriction mechanisms.1,2 Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is associated with adverse outcomes, including chronic lung disease, brain injury, and necrotizing enterocolitis. However, no causative pathways between PDAs and these complications have been established.3,4 Despite considerable investigation for more than six decades, the appropriate treatment for extremely preterm infants with PDA . . .
Expanding Our Thoughts about Autonomy in Relation to Whether We Should Offer Genetic Testing for Nonmedical Traits
Authors: Kelly E. Ormond
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2023)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeThis article refers to:Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing for “Non-Medical” Traits: Ensuring Consistency in Ethical Decision-Making DISCLOSURE STATEMENTNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThe author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.
Case 8-2023: A 71-Year-Old Woman with Refractory Hemolytic Anemia
Authors: Alfred I. Lee, Pedram Heidari, Andrew Z. Fenves, Aditya Bardia, Robert Ta
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2023)

A 71-year-old woman with breast cancer and systemic sclerosis was admitted because of refractory hemolytic anemia. A diagnostic test was performed.
The Need for Diverse Empirical Data to Inform the Use of Polygenic Risk Scores in Prenatal Screening
Authors: Skye Adell Miner, Stacey Pereira
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2023)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeThis article refers to:Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing for “Non-Medical” Traits: Ensuring Consistency in Ethical Decision-Making DISCLOSURE STATEMENTNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThis work was partially funded by NHGRI R01HG011711.
Public Health and Diagnostic Approaches to Risk Stratification for Melanoma
Authors: Alan C. Geller, Martin A. Weinstock
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
“Living” Systematic Review of Mental Health During Pandemic
Authors: Emily Harris
Journal: JAMA (2023)

Early Respiratory Infections Tied to Premature Death Later in LifeAfter adjusting for certain baseline factors, people who had lower respiratory tract infections such as bronchitis or pneumonia before age 2 years were almost twice as likely to die from a respiratory disease by age 73 years compared with those who were not infected as children.The majority of deaths from respiratory problems were due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, according to the results from 3589 UK participants included in the analysis.The researchers did not find a link between lower respiratory tract infections in childhood and higher risks of premature death from other causes.The link might be driven by factors such as maternal smoking that the researchers could not account for, the authors of an associated comment noted in The Lancet.Still, the study "adds to the evidence that adults whose chronic lung disease has been attributed to smoking-related effects might also have disease resulting from childhood exposures that are largely preventable," the comment's authors wrote.
Potential of Control Conditions for Nonspecific Treatment-Effects in Noninferiority Trials—Reply
Authors: Elizabeth A. Hoge, Eric Bui, Naomi M. Simon
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Early Detection and Prognostic Assessment of Cutaneous Melanoma
Authors: Mohammed Kashani-Sabet, Sancy A. Leachman, Jennifer A. Stein, Jack L. Arbiser, Elizabeth G. Berry, Julide T. Celebi, Clara Curiel-Lewandrowski, Laura K. Ferris, Jane M. Grant-Kels, Douglas Grossman, Rajan P. Kulkarni, Michael A. Marchetti, Kelly C. Nelson, David Polsky, Elizabeth V. Seiverling, Susan M. Swetter, Hensin Tsao, Alexandra Verdieck-Devlaeminck, Maria L. Wei, Anna Bar, Edmund K. Bartlett, Jean L. Bolognia, Tawnya L. Bowles, Kelly B. Cha, Emily Y. Chu, Rebecca I. Hartman, Elena B. Hawryluk, Risa M. Jampel, Lilit Karapetyan, Meenal Kheterpal, David H. Lawson, Philip D. Leming, Tracey N. Liebman, Michael E. Ming, Debjani Sahni, Stephanie A. Savory, Saba S. Shaikh, Arthur J. Sober, Vernon K. Sondak, Natalie Spaccarelli, Richard P. Usatine, Suraj Venna, John M. Kirkwood
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2023)

Therapy for advanced melanoma has transformed during the past decade, but early detection and prognostic assessment of cutaneous melanoma (CM) remain paramount goals. Best practices for screening and use of pigmented lesion evaluation tools and gene expression profile (GEP) testing in CM remain to be defined.
Unexplained Female Infertility Associated with Genetic Disease Variants
Authors: Michael P Dougherty, Alexandra M Poch, Lynn P Chorich, Zoe A Hawkins, Hongyan Xu, Robert A Roman, Haitao Liu, Soumia Brakta, Hugh S Taylor, James Knight, Hyung-Goo Kim, Michael P Diamond, Lawrence C Layman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2023)
Development and Validation of Nomograms to Predict Survival in Patients Undergoing Complete Cytoreduction and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy for Pseudomyxoma Peritonei of Appendiceal Origin
Authors: Kandiah Chandrakumaran, Norman John Carr, Faheez Mohamed, Thomas Desmond Cecil, Brendan John Moran
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2023)

Importance Pseudomyxoma peritoni, a rare condition characterized by mucinous ascites and peritoneal deposits, mainly originates from a ruptured mucinous appendix tumor and is considered an indolent disease but can progress and become fatal. Optimal treatment to improve cure and survival rates involves complete cytoreductive surgery (CCRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). Accurate predictive models are useful in supporting and informing treatment strategies and stratifying patient follow-up. Objective To evaluate the prognostic significance of clinically important variables and generate validated nomograms to predict overall (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) following CCRS and hyperthermic intraperitoneal HIPEC for pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) of appendiceal origin. Design, Setting, and Participants This retrospective study used prospectively collected data on patients who had cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and HIPEC in a single institution between 1994 and 2018. The cohort was randomly allocated into development (70%) and validation (30%) sets. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed with Cox proportional hazards regression. Main Outcomes and Measures A prediction model was developed with significant prognostic factors identified by multivariate analysis. The model’s prognostic performance was evaluated with the concordance index (C index). The nomogram was calibrated by comparing the predicted and observed probabilities. Results Of 2637 CRS and HIPEC operations, 1102 patients (female, 64.4%; median age [IQR], 57.0 [48.0-66.0] years) (41.8%) had CCRS for PMP of appendiceal origin. Elevated tumor markers, peritoneal carcinomatosis index, gastrectomy, and tumor grade were independent predictive factors for DFS. Gender, age, elevated tumor makers, peritoneal carcinomatosis index, and tumor grade influenced OS. The nomograms were generated with respective prognostic factors. The nomograms showed good performance in predicting survival. Median OS of the cohort was 16.5 years (95% CI, 13.7-19.2) with a 5-year probability of survival of 80.2%. The median DFS was 10.3 years (95% CI, 7.2- 13.3) and the 5-year probability of recurrence-free survival was 60.5%. Conclusions and Relevance Clinically important independent predictors for survival and recurrence were selected to develop the nomograms for OS and DFS. These 2 nomograms are user friendly and useful tools for patient management with clinical trial design applications.
The Enduring Effects of COVID for Cancer Care: Learning from Real-Life Clinical Practice
Authors: Alex Broom, Leah Williams Veazey, Katherine Kenny, Imogen Harper, Michelle Peterie, Alexander Page, Nicole Cort, Jennifer Durling, Eric S. Lipp, Aaron C. Tan, Kyle M. Walsh, Brent A. Hanks, Margaret Johnson, Amanda E.D. Van Swearingen, Carey K. Anders, David M. Ashley, Mustafa Khasraw
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2023)

Abstract For three years, COVID-19 has circulated among our communities and around the world, fundamentally changing social interactions, health care systems, and service delivery. For people living with (and receiving treatment for) cancer, pandemic conditions presented significant additional hurdles in an already unstable and shifting environment, including disrupted personal contact with care providers, interrupted access to clinical trials, distanced therapeutic encounters, multiple immune vulnerabilities, and new forms of financial precarity. In a 2020 perspective in this journal, we examined how COVID-19 was reshaping cancer care in the early stages of the pandemic and how these changes might endure into the future. Three years later, and in light of a series of interviews with patients and their caregivers from the United States and Australia conducted during the pandemic, we return to consider the potential legacy effects of the pandemic on cancer care. While some challenges to care provision and survivorship were unforeseen, others accentuated and amplified existing problems experienced by patients, caregivers, and health care providers. Both are likely to have enduring effects in the “post-pandemic” world, raising the importance of focusing on lessons that can be learned for the future.
Including Non-Medical Traits in the NIPT: What Can We Learn from an Ethics of Care Approach?
Authors: Anke Snoek, Sanne Van Der Hout
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2023)

"Including Non-Medical Traits in the NIPT: What Can We Learn from an Ethics of Care Approach?." The American Journal of Bioethics, 23(3), pp. 32–33This article refers to:Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing for “Non-Medical” Traits: Ensuring Consistency in Ethical Decision-Making Additional informationFundingThe author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.
Error in Figure 1
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2023)

Error in Figure 1: In the Original Investigation titled "Association of Lipid-Lowering Drugs With Risk of Psoriasis: A Mendelian Randomization Study," 1 there was an error in the line "Psoriasis (FinnGen)" in Figure 1.The upper limit of the 95% CI was written as "1.91" but should be "0.91."The article has been corrected online.
Laparoscopic Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer
Authors: Daniel B. Hoffman, Eric K. Nakakura
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Risk Tolerance in the Setting of Wearable Dialysis Devices: A Patient Preference Study Using the Threshold Technique
Authors: Jennifer E. Flythe, Derek Forfang, Raymond C. Harris, Dallas Wood, Frank P. Hurst, Michelle E. Tarver
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2023)

Flythe, Jennifer E.; Forfang, Derek; Harris, Raymond C.; Wood, Dallas; Hurst, Frank P.; Tarver, Michelle E.; for the Building Capacity to Incorporate Patient Preferences into the Development of Innovative Alternatives to Renal Replacement Therapy team* Collaborators Cavanaugh, Kerri; Gebben, David; Gedney, Nieltje; Mansfield, Carol; Neuland, Carolyn; Saha, Anindita; Sheldon, Murray; Squillaci, Grace; Treiman, Katherine; Unruh, Mark; West, Melissa; White, David; Wilkie, Caroline Author Information
Potential of Control Conditions for Nonspecific Treatment Effects in Noninferiority Trials
Authors: Henning Budde, Sandra Amatriain-Fernández, Sebastian Trautmann
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Prenatal Testing for Non-Medical Traits
Authors: Stephen R. Quake
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2023)

"Prenatal Testing for Non-Medical Traits." The American Journal of Bioethics, 23(3), pp. 1–2 DISCLOSURE STATEMENTS.R.Q. receives royalties from Stanford University for the invention of NIPT.Additional informationFundingThe author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.
Birth Outcomes in Relation to Prenatal Exposure to Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Stress in the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Program
Authors: Amy M. Padula, Xuejuan Ning, Shivani Bakre, Emily S. Barrett, Tracy Bastain, Deborah H. Bennett, Michael S. Bloom, Carrie V. Breton, Anne L. Dunlop, Stephanie M. Eick, Assiamira Ferrara, Abby Fleisch, Sarah Geiger, Dana E. Goin, Kurunthachalam Kannan, Margaret R. Karagas, Susan Korrick, John D. Meeker, Rachel Morello-Frosch, Thomas G. O’Connor, Emily Oken, Morgan Robinson, Megan E. Romano, Susan L. Schantz, Rebecca J. Schmidt, Anne P. Starling, Yeyi Zhu, Ghassan B. Hamra, Tracey J. Woodruff
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2023)

Background: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent and ubiquitous chemicals associated with risk of adverse birth outcomes. Results of previous studies have been inconsistent. Associations between PFAS and birth outcomes may be affected by psychosocial stress. Objectives: We estimated risk of adverse birth outcomes in relation to prenatal PFAS concentrations and evaluate whether maternal stress modifies those relationships. Methods: We included 3,339 participants from 11 prospective prenatal cohorts in the Environmental influences on the Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) program to estimate the associations of five PFAS and birth outcomes. We stratified by perceived stress scale scores to examine effect modification and used Bayesian Weighted Sums to estimate mixtures of PFAS. Results: We observed reduced birth size with increased concentrations of all PFAS. For a 1-unit higher log-normalized exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), we observed lower birthweight-for-gestational-age z-scores of β=−0.15 [95% confidence interval (CI): −0.27, −0.03], β=−0.14 (95% CI: −0.28, −0.002), β=−0.22 (95% CI: −0.23, −0.10), β=−0.06 (95% CI: −0.18, 0.06), and β=−0.25 (95% CI: −0.37, −0.14), respectively. We observed a lower odds ratio (OR) for large-for-gestational-age: ORPFNA=0.56 (95% CI: 0.38, 0.83), ORPFDA=0.52 (95% CI: 0.35, 0.77). For a 1-unit increase in log-normalized concentration of summed PFAS, we observed a lower birthweight-for-gestational-age z-score [−0.28; 95% highest posterior density (HPD): −0.44, −0.14] and decreased odds of large-for-gestational-age (OR=0.49; 95% HPD: 0.29, 0.82). Perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) explained the highest percentage (40%) of the summed effect in both models. Associations were not modified by maternal perceived stress. Discussion: Our large, multi-cohort study of PFAS and adverse birth outcomes found a negative association between prenatal PFAS and birthweight-for-gestational-age, and the associations were not different in groups with high vs. low perceived stress. This study can help inform policy to reduce exposures in the environment and humans. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP10723
Two Phase 3 Trials of Lebrikizumab for Moderate-to-Severe Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Jonathan I. Silverberg, Emma Guttman-Yassky, Diamant Thaçi, Alan D. Irvine, Linda Stein Gold, Andrew Blauvelt, Eric L. Simpson, Chia-Yu Chu, Zhuqing Liu, Renata Gontijo Lima, Sreekumar G. Pillai, Julien Seneschal
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2023)

Lebrikizumab, a high-affinity IgG4 monoclonal antibody targeting interleukin-13, prevents the formation of the interleukin-4Rα-interleukin-13Rα1 heterodimer receptor signaling complex.We conducted two identically designed, 52-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trials; both trials included a 16-week induction period and a 36-week maintenance period. Eligible patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (adults [≥18 years of age] and adolescents [12 to <18 years of age, weighing ≥40 kg]) were randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to receive either lebrikizumab at a dose of 250 mg (loading dose of 500 mg at baseline and week 2) or placebo, administered subcutaneously every 2 weeks. Outcomes for the induction period were assessed up to 16 weeks and are included in this report. The primary outcome was an Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA) score of 0 or 1 (indicating clear or almost clear skin; range, 0 to 4 [severe disease]) with a reduction (indicating improvement) of at least 2 points from baseline at week 16. Secondary outcomes included a 75% improvement in the Eczema Area and Severity Index score (EASI-75 response) and assessments of itch and of itch interference with sleep. Safety was also assessed.In trial 1, the primary outcome was met in 43.1% of 283 patients in the lebrikizumab group and in 12.7% of 141 patients in the placebo group (P<0.001); an EASI-75 response occurred in 58.8% and 16.2%, respectively (P<0.001). In trial 2, the primary outcome was met in 33.2% of 281 patients in the lebrikizumab group and in 10.8% of 146 patients in the placebo group (P<0.001); an EASI-75 response occurred in 52.1% and 18.1%, respectively (P<0.001). Measures of itch and itch interference with sleep indicated improvement with lebrikizumab therapy. The incidence of conjunctivitis was higher among patients who received lebrikizumab than among those who received placebo. Most adverse events during the induction period were mild or moderate in severity and did not lead to trial discontinuation.In the induction period of two phase 3 trials, 16 weeks of treatment with lebrikizumab was effective in adolescents and adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. (Funded by Dermira; ADvocate1 and ADvocate2 ClinicalTrials.gov numbers, NCT04146363 and NCT04178967, respectively.).
Human Flu Cases in Cambodia Not Due to Bird Flu Outbreak Viruses
Authors: Emily Harris
Journal: JAMA (2023)

Early Respiratory Infections Tied to Premature Death Later in LifeAfter adjusting for certain baseline factors, people who had lower respiratory tract infections such as bronchitis or pneumonia before age 2 years were almost twice as likely to die from a respiratory disease by age 73 years compared with those who were not infected as children.The majority of deaths from respiratory problems were due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, according to the results from 3589 UK participants included in the analysis.The researchers did not find a link between lower respiratory tract infections in childhood and higher risks of premature death from other causes.The link might be driven by factors such as maternal smoking that the researchers could not account for, the authors of an associated comment noted in The Lancet.Still, the study "adds to the evidence that adults whose chronic lung disease has been attributed to smoking-related effects might also have disease resulting from childhood exposures that are largely preventable," the comment's authors wrote.