tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Incidence, prevalence and mortality of IgG4-related disease in the USA: a claims-based analysis of commercially insured adults
Authors: Zachary S Wallace, Gandarvaka Miles, Ekaterina Smolkina, Natalia Petruski-Ivleva, Duane Madziva, Claire Cook, Xiaoqing Fu, Yuqing Zhang, John H Stone, Hyon K Choi
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2023)

Background IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is an immune-mediated condition that can affect nearly any organ or anatomic site. We sought to describe the epidemiology of IgG4-RD in the USA. Methods We used Optum’s deidentified Clinformatics Data Mart Database from 1 January 2009 to 31 December 2021 to identify IgG4-RD cases using a validated algorithm. We estimated the incidence rate and prevalence between 2015 and 2019 (when rates stabilised), standardised to the US population by age and sex. We compared mortality rates among patients with IgG4-RD to the non-IgG4-RD population matched in a 1:10 ratio on age, sex, race/ethnicity and encounter date. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate HRs and 95% CIs. Results We identified 524 IgG4-RD cases. The mean age was 56.5 years with 57.6% female and 66% White. The incidence of IgG4-RD increased during the study period from 0.78 to 1.39 per 100 000 person-years in 2015 and 2019, respectively. The point prevalence on 1 Janury 2019 was 5.3/100 000 persons. During follow-up, there were 39 and 164 deaths among 515 IgG4-RD cases and 5160 comparators, resulting in a mortality rate of 3.42 and 1.46/100 person-years, respectively, and adjusted HR of 2.51 (95% CI 1.76 to 3.56). Conclusions The incidence of IgG4-RD is similar to that of systemic rheumatic diseases such as ANCA-associated vasculitis and systemic sclerosis but may be increasing as familiarity with this diagnosis grows. Clinicians should be aware of this condition, especially given the excess risk of death. Identification of effective therapies is an important research agenda.
The ethics, equity, and governance of human genome editing need greater consideration
Authors: Sarojini Nadimpally
Journal: BMJ (2023)

human genome editing risks ignoring ethical, societal, and equity considerations, writes Sarojini Nadimpally Sarojini Nadimpally public health practitioner and founder member, Sama Resource Group for Women and HealthChallenges exist around heritable gene editing, its potential medical applications, ethical implications, and the need for regulatory mechanisms in the field.In March this year I spoke at the Third International Summit on Human Genome Editing, held in London, about "The Role of Civil Society and Culture in Fostering Public Engagement on the Ethics of Human Genome Editing."In my presentation on public engagement in somatic, germline, and heritable human genome editing, I questioned who the "public or publics" were that we hoped to "engage" with.The category of "the public" is intersectional, not homogenous, with differences and overlapping identities including race, caste, class, religion, gender identity, disability status, ethnicity, refugee or migratory status, and more.These identities, which are often ignored in the process of developing genome editing, take centre stage when we consider the implications of these technologies.Marginalisation is relevant in the domain of technological advancement, as marginalised communities are largely at the fringes of "public" engagement with genome editing.
Gut microbiome modulates the effects of a personalised postprandial-targeting (PPT) diet on cardiometabolic markers: a diet intervention in pre-diabetes
Authors: Orly Ben-Yacov, Anastasia Godneva, Michal Rein, Smadar Shilo, Maya Lotan-Pompan, Adina Weinberger, Eran Segal
Journal: Gut (2023)

To explore the interplay between dietary modifications, microbiome composition and host metabolic responses in a dietary intervention setting of a personalised postprandial-targeting (PPT) diet versus a Mediterranean (MED) diet in pre-diabetes.
Cone Beam Computed Tomography in the Diagnosis of Limb Osteomyelitis in Children and Adolescents (Literature Review with Clinical Observations)
Authors: N. A. Sholokhova, D. K. Zharkov
Journal: Radiology - Practice (2023)

The article presents a review of the literature and a comparative analysis of the methods of radiation diagnostics of osteomyelitis in children. Active improvement of devices and research methods for more effective diagnosis of diseases continues. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) can provide specialists with the necessary diagnostic information, and its use will reduce the radiation exposure received by patients during the study. This publication demonstrates 2 clinical cases where CBCT was chosen as the diagnostic method. These observations will demonstrate the possibilities of CBCT in the diagnosis of osteomyelitis and dynamic monitoring in children and adolescents.
A Clinical Case of the Progress of Infective Endocarditis in an HIV-Infected Patient without Antiretroviral Therapy Complicated by Repeated Episodes of Septic Destructive Pneumonia (Clinical Example)
Authors: T. V. Potemkina, I. A. Ylanov, E. B. Petrova
Journal: Radiology - Practice (2023)

Infectious endocarditis (IE) in HIV-infected users of injecting drug is manifested by a predominant lesion of the tricuspid valve (TV), and the causative agent of the disease is Staphylococcus aureus. A feature of the course of IE TV in this category of patients are multiple septic embolisms in the small circulatory circle, the source of which may be floating vegetation and the predominance of pulmonary symptoms over cardiac.
Burkitt’s Lymphoma in HIV-Infected Patients (Literature Review with Own Clinical Cases)
Authors: N. V. Klimova, A. O. Ramzina, A. A. Gaus
Journal: Radiology - Practice (2023)

This article presents the X-ray morphological and clinical picture of three cases of Burkitt’s lymphoma in HIV-infected patients. Burkitt’s lymphoma is a very aggressive B–cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and the fastest growing tumor. In view of this, it is a medical problem, since untimely diagnosis of this tumor leads to a high frequency of relapses, which means an unfavorable prognosis.
Lactate—a new player in G-CSF-induced mobilization of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells
Authors: Lizeth-Alejandra Ordonez-Moreno, Montaser Haddad, Priyasmita Chakrabarti, Eman Khatib-Massalha, Harry Fruchtman, Sigalit Boura-Halfon, Ekaterina Petrovich-Kopitman, Tsvee Lapidot, Orit Kollet
Journal: Leukemia (2023)
Effects of filgotinib on semen parameters and sex hormones in male patients with inflammatory diseases: results from the phase 2, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled MANTA and MANTA-RAy studies
Authors: Walter Reinisch, Wayne Hellstrom, Radboud J E M Dolhain, Suresh Sikka, René Westhovens, Rajiv Mehta, Timothy Ritter, Ursula Seidler, Oleksandr Golovchenko, Vladimir Simanenkov, Olena Garmish, Sławomir Jeka, Radka Moravcová, Vijay Rajendran, Franck-Olivier Le Brun, Sarah Arterburn, Timothy R Watkins, Robin Besuyen, Dirk Vanderschueren
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2023)

The phase 2 MANTA and MANTA-RAy studies aimed to determine if the oral Janus kinase 1 preferential inhibitor filgotinib affects semen parameters and sex hormones in men with inflammatory diseases.
Transparent reporting of multivariable prediction models for individual prognosis or diagnosis: checklist for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (TRIPOD-SRMA)
Authors: Kym I E Snell, Brooke Levis, Johanna A A Damen, Paula Dhiman, Thomas P A Debray, Lotty Hooft, Johannes B Reitsma, Karel G M Moons, Gary S Collins, Richard D Riley
Journal: BMJ (2023)

Most clinical specialties have a plethora of studies that develop or validate one or more prediction models, for example, to inform diagnosis or prognosis. Having many prediction model studies in a particular clinical field motivates the need for systematic reviews and meta-analyses, to evaluate and summarise the overall evidence available from prediction model studies, in particular about the predictive performance of existing models. Such reviews are fast emerging, and should be reported completely, transparently, and accurately. To help ensure this type of reporting, this article describes a new reporting guideline for systematic reviews and meta-analyses of prediction model research.
What are the latest covid drugs and treatments?
Authors: Mun-Keat Looi
Journal: BMJ (2023)

What are the latest covid drugs and treatments?Vaccines have taken up much of the spotlight, but where have we got to with covid-19 treatments, asks Mun-Keat Looi-and is there a global standard of care? Mun-Keat Looi international features editorWhat are the best treatments for covid-19?Written in cooperation with the World Health Organization, The BMJ's living systematic review is a meta-analysis comparing the effects of treatments for covid-19, 1 using data from more than 400 randomised clinical trials worldwide.
Venetoclax consolidation in high-risk CLL treated with ibrutinib for ≥1 year achieves a high rate of undetectable MRD
Authors: Philip A. Thompson, Michael J. Keating, Alessandra Ferrajoli, Nitin Jain, Christine B. Peterson, Naveen Garg, Sa A. Wang, Jeffrey L. Jorgensen, Tapan M. Kadia, Prithviraj Bose, Naveen Pemmaraju, Nicholas J. Short, William G. Wierda
Journal: Leukemia (2023)
Basal levels of microbiota-driven subclinical inflammation are associated with anastomotic leak in patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Roy Hajjar, Gabriela Fragoso, Manon Oliero, Ahmed Amine Alaoui, Annie Calvé, Hervé Vennin Rendos, Thibault Cuisiniere, Nassima Taleb, Sophie Thérien, François Dagbert, Rasmy Loungnarath, Herawaty Sebajang, Frank Schwenter, Ramses Wassef, Richard Ratelle, Eric Debroux, Carole Richard, Manuela M Santos
Journal: Gut (2023)
Legal Basis for the Use of Artificial Intelligence Technologies in Radiation Diagnostics
Authors: V. A. Kazakova, S. A. Tyulyakova, E. V. Shivilov, K. A. Anichkina, A. L. Miftakhova, D. D. Yurkanova
Journal: Radiology - Practice (2023)

The article considers the legal basis for the regulation of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in domestic health care. Radiation diagnostics is one of the first areas of medicine where AI is being introduced to analyze radiographs and form draft conclusions for the examination. Due to the opaqueness of the decision­making process («black box effect») and high error rate, the level of trust of specialists and patients in innovations remains low. In this connection, there is an objective need to create effective legal mechanisms that provide for measures of responsibility for erroneous AI decisions, protecting the rights of doctors and patients in the operation of these programs.
Typical X-ray Semiotic Signs of High-Density Inclusions of the Jaws According to Cone-Beam Computed Tomography
Authors: L. K. Abraamyan, D. A. Lezhnev, A. M. Tsitsiashvili, A. M. Panin
Journal: Radiology - Practice (2023)

In the process of evaluating X-ray diagnostic images of the jaw bones of dental patients, foci of altered bone structure and atypical intraosseous inclusions of increased density are often found. The identified inclusions have different etiology, but at the same time a similar and in some cases implicit scialogical picture, which may cause an incorrect radiological conclusion. When analyzing the available literature, limited information was found about the typical radiosemiotic signs of dense intraosseous inclusions of the jaw bones found in everyday medical practice.
PDA-BPs integrated mussel-inspired multifunctional hydrogel coating on PPENK implants for anti-tumor therapy, antibacterial infection and bone regeneration
Authors: Yizheng Li, Chengde Liu, Xitong Cheng, Jinyan Wang, Yue Pan, Cheng Liu, Shouhai Zhang, Xigao Jian
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2023)

Currently, many cancer patients with bone defects are still threatened by tumor recurrence, postoperative bacterial infection, and massive bone loss. Many methods have been studied to endow bone implants with biocompatibility, but it is difficult to find an implant material that can simultaneously solve the problems of anticancer, antibacterial and bone promotion. Here, a multifunctional gelatin methacrylate/dopamine methacrylate adhesive hydrogel coating containing 2D black phosphorus (BP) nanoparticle protected by polydopamine (pBP) is prepared by photocrosslinking to modify the surface of poly (aryl ether nitrile ketone) containing phthalazinone (PPENK) implant. The multifunctional hydrogel coating works in conjunction with pBP, which can deliver drug through photothermal mediation and kill bacteria through photodynamic therapy at the initial phase followed by promotion of osteointegration. In this design, photothermal effect of pBP control the release of doxorubicin hydrochloride loaded via electrostatic attraction. Meanwhile, pBP can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) to eliminate bacterial infection under 808 nm laser. In the slow degradation process, pBP not only effectively consumes excess ROS and avoid apoptosis induced by ROS in normal cells, but also degrade into PO43- to promote osteogenesis. In summary, nanocomposite hydrogel coatings provide a promising strategy for treatment of cancer patients with bone defects.
Ibrutinib and rituximab versus fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab for patients with previously untreated chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (FLAIR): interim analysis of a multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial
Authors: Peter Hillmen, Alexandra Pitchford, Adrian Bloor, Angus Broom, Moya Young, Ben Kennedy, Renata Walewska, Michelle Furtado, Gavin Preston, Jeffrey R Neilson, Nicholas Pemberton, Gamal Sidra, Nicholas Morley, Kate Cwynarski, Anna Schuh, Francesco Forconi, Nagah Elmusharaf, Shankara Paneesha, Christopher P Fox, Dena R Howard, Anna Hockaday, Julia M Brown, David A Cairns, Sharon Jackson, Natasha Greatorex, Nichola Webster, Jane Shingles, Surita Dalal, Piers E M Patten, David Allsup, Andrew Rawstron, Talha Munir
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2023)
Primary cells from patients with adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma depend on HTLV-1 Tax expression for NF-κB activation and survival
Authors: Rita Hleihel, Hala Skayneh, Hugues de Thé, Olivier Hermine, Ali Bazarbachi
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2023)

Abstract Adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is an aggressive malignancy secondary to chronic infection with human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1). The viral oncoprotein Tax initiates T cell transformation through activation of critical cellular pathways, including NF-κB. Unexpectedly, Tax protein is not detectable in most ATL cells, in contrast to the HTLV-1 HBZ protein which antagonizes Tax effects. Here, we demonstrate that primary ATL cells from patients with acute or chronic ATL express very low levels of Tax mRNA and protein. Critically, survival of these primary ATL cells is dependent on continued Tax expression. Mechanistically, Tax extinction results in reversal of NF-κB activation, P53/PML activation and apoptosis. Tax drives interleukin-10 (IL-10) expression and recombinant IL-10 rescues the survival of tax -depleted primary ATL cells. These results demonstrate the critical role of continued Tax and IL-10 expression for the survival of primary ATL cells, highlighting their relevance as therapeutic targets.
KASL clinical practice guidelines for management of autoimmune hepatitis 2022
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2023)

DRB1*0405 or DQB1*0401 were significantly increased in patients with AIH type 1 compared with the control (odds ratio [OR], 3.74 & 3.95), and AIH type 1 was associated with the QRRAA motif at position 70-74 of the HLA-DRB1 molecule. 16Summary 1.The annual incidence of AIH was reported as 1.07 per 100,000 persons, and the prevalence as 4.82 per 100,000 persons in Korea.AIH occurs 6 times more frequently in females than in males.2. The incidence of AIH presented one peak in the sixties in Korea, which was in contrast with a bimodal peak in the late teens and sixties in Western countries. CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONSAIH usually develops insidiously; however, the spectrum of symptoms and clinical manifestations are broad, ranging from asymptomatic to acute hepatitis, and it may also develop as fulminant hepatitis (Figure 2). 17In addition, liver fibrosis has already progressed at the time of the AIH diagnosis, and cirrhosis may be already present, or it may even appear as an acute exacerbation of cirrhosis. 18In a Korean population study, 31-37% of patients were asymptomatic at the time of diagnosis, and 13-32% of patients had cirrhosis as well. 19Therefore, AIH should be considered as a differential disease in most liver diseases regardless of the degree of activity or fibrosis.Typical AIH is a form of chronic hepatitis with autoantibodies, hypergammaglobulinemia, and interface hepatitis in liver biopsy.Nonspecific fatigue is the most common symptom and may include anorexia, weight loss, muscle and joint pain, jaundice, and amenorrhea.Low-grade fever and rash are rare. 20 Asymptomatic AIHPatients who met the diagnostic criteria for AIH but showed no symptoms with elevated liver enzyme accounted for 25-37% of patients with AIH. 19,21In patients with asymptomatic AIH, liver enzyme elevation can improve spontaneously, and in a previous study, symptoms presented in 25.8%, and the average period until symptom onset was 2.00 ± 2.46 years. 22,23Compared to symptomatic AIH patients, asymptomatic AIH patients showed no difference in terms of age, sex ratio, disease progression, and histological findings, however, significantly lower level of liver enzyme elevation and immunoglobulin G (IgG). 24In a Canadian study, asymptomatic AIH patients had no significant difference in 10-year survival when compared with AIH patients with symptoms (80% vs. 83.8%,P=0.8). 22
Endoscopic resection of early esophageal tumors in patients with cirrhosis or portal hypertension: a multicenter observational study
Authors: Mathilde Simonnot, Pierre H. Deprez, Mathieu Pioche, Eliane Albuisson, Timothée Wallenhorst, Fabrice Caillol, Stéphane Koch, Emmanuel Coron, Isabelle Archambeaud, Jérémie Jacques, Paul Basile, Ludovic Caillo, Thibault Degand, Vincent Lepilliez, Philippe Grandval, Adrian Culetto, Geoffroy Vanbiervliet, Marine Camus Duboc, Olivier Gronier, Carina Leal, Jérémie Albouys, Jean-Baptiste Chevaux, Maximilien Barret, Marion Schaefer
Journal: Endoscopy (2023)

Liver cirrhosis and esophageal cancer share several risk factors, such as alcohol intake and excess weight. Endoscopic resection is the gold standard treatment for superficial tumors. Portal hypertension and coagulopathy may increase the bleeding risk in these patients. This study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of endoscopic resection for early esophageal neoplasia in patients with cirrhosis or portal hypertension.This retrospective multicenter international study included consecutive patients with cirrhosis or portal hypertension who underwent endoscopic resection in the esophagus from January 2005 to March 2021.134 lesions in 112 patients were treated, including by endoscopic submucosal dissection in 101 cases (75 %). Most lesions (128/134, 96 %) were in patients with liver cirrhosis, with esophageal varices in 71 procedures. To prevent bleeding, 7 patients received a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt, 8 underwent endoscopic band ligation (EBL) before resection, 15 received vasoactive drugs, 8 received platelet transfusion, and 9 underwent EBL during the resection procedure. Rates of complete macroscopic resection, en bloc resection, and curative resection were 92 %, 86 %, and 63 %, respectively. Adverse events included 3 perforations, 8 delayed bleedings, 8 sepsis, 6 cirrhosis decompensations within 30 days, and 22 esophageal strictures; none required surgery. In univariate analysis, cap-assisted endoscopic mucosal resection was associated with delayed bleeding (P = 0.01).In patients with liver cirrhosis or portal hypertension, endoscopic resection of early esophageal neoplasia appeared to be effective and should be considered in expert centers with choice of resection technique, following European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy guidelines to avoid undertreatment.
Myeloperoxidase Inhibition Reverses Biomarker Profiles Associated With Clinical Outcomes in HFpEF
Authors: Erik Michaëlsson, Lars H. Lund, Camilla Hage, Sanjiv J. Shah, Adriaan A. Voors, Antti Saraste, Björn Redfors, Erik L. Grove, Anders Barasa, A. Mark Richards, Sara Svedlund, Maria Lagerström-Fermér, Anders Gabrielsen, Pavlo Garkaviy, Li-Ming Gan, Carolyn S.P. Lam
Journal: JACC Heart Failure (2023)

Systemic microvascular dysfunction and inflammation are postulated to play a pathophysiologic role in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). This study aimed to identify biomarker profiles associated with clinical outcomes in HFpEF and investigate how inhibition of the neutrophil-derived reactive oxygen species–producing enzyme, myeloperoxidase, affects these biomarkers. Using supervised principal component analyses, the investigators assessed the associations between baseline plasma proteomic Olink biomarkers and clinical outcomes in 3 independent observational HFpEF cohorts (n = 86, n = 216, and n = 242). These profiles were then compared with the biomarker profiles discriminating patients treated with active drug vs placebo in SATELLITE (Safety and Tolerability Study of AZD4831 in Patients With Heart Failure), a double-blind randomized 3-month trial evaluating safety and tolerability of the myeloperoxidase inhibitor AZD4831 in HFpEF (n = 41). Pathophysiological pathways were inferred from the biomarker profiles by interrogation of the Ingenuity Knowledge database. TNF-R1, TRAIL-R2, GDF15, U-PAR, and ADM were the top individual biomarkers associated with heart failure hospitalization or death, and FABP4, HGF, RARRES2, CSTB, and FGF23 were associated with lower functional capacity and poorer quality of life. AZD4831 downregulated many markers (most significantly CDCP1, PRELP, CX3CL1, LIFR, VSIG2). There was remarkable consistency among pathways associated with clinical outcomes in the observational HFpEF cohorts, the top canonical pathways being associated with tumor microenvironments, wound healing signaling, and cardiac hypertrophy signaling. These pathways were predicted to be downregulated in AZD4831 relative to placebo-treated patients. Biomarker pathways that were most strongly associated with clinical outcomes were also the ones reduced by AZD4831. These results support the further investigation of myeloperoxidase inhibition in HFpEF.
Dually innervated dendritic spines develop in the absence of excitatory activity and resist plasticity through tonic inhibitory crosstalk
Authors: Mason S. Kleinjan, William C. Buchta, Roberto Ogelman, In-Wook Hwang, Masaaki Kuwajima, Dusten D. Hubbard, Dean J. Kareemo, Olga Prikhodko, Samantha L. Olah, Luis E. Gomez Wulschner, Wickliffe C. Abraham, Santos J. Franco, Kristen M. Harris, Won Chan Oh, Matthew J. Kennedy
Journal: Neuron (2023)

(Neuron 111, 362–371.e1–e6; February 1, 2023) In the originally published version of the paper, the scale bar in Figure 1G was erroneously labeled as 500 nm when it was, in fact, 377 nm. The corrected figure with 500 nm scale bar is published here, and the paper has been updated online. This change does not affect any conclusions of the manuscript. The authors apologize for the error. Dually innervated dendritic spines develop in the absence of excitatory activity and resist plasticity through tonic inhibitory crosstalkKleinjan et al.NeuronNovember 16, 2022In BriefKleinjan et al. demonstrate that formation of hippocampal dually innervated spines (DiSs) occurs early in development and does not require excitatory input. NMDA receptor function and structural plasticity are impaired at DiSs. These effects are mediated through tonic GABAB receptor signaling and may contribute to long-term DiS stability. Full-Text PDF Open Access