tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Preoperative chemoradiotherapy and postoperative chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin versus 5-fluorouracil alone in locally advanced rectal cancer: Results of the German CAO/ARO/AIO-04 randomized phase III trial.
Authors: Claus Rodel, Torsten Liersch, Rainer Fietkau, Werner Hohenberger, Ullrich Graeven, Torsten Hothorn, Dirk Arnold, Hans-Rudolf Raab, Christian Wittekind, Clemens F Hess, Ludger Staib, Heinz Becker, Rolf Sauer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

3500 Background: The CAO/ARO/AIO-94 trial established preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT), total mesorectal excision (TME) surgery, and adjuvant chemotherapy with 5-FU as standard treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer. The goal of the CAO/ARO/AIO-04 trial was the integrating of more effective systemic treatment. First results of early secondary endpoints have been published (Rödel et al., Lancet Oncol 2012). Here we present the primary endpoint, disease-free survival (DFS) at 3 years. Patients and Methods: Patients with cT3/4 or cN+ rectal cancer were randomised into two arms: 1) preoperative 50.4 Gy plus infusional 5-FU 1 g/m2 days 1-5 and 29-33, followed by TME-surgery and 4 cycles of bolus 5-FU 500 mg/m2 for 5 days), and 2) preoperative 50.4 Gy plus infusional 5-FU (250 mg/m2 days 1-14 and 22-35), oxaliplatin (50 mg/m2 days 1, 8, 22, and 29), followed by TME and 8 cycles of adjuvant oxaliplatin (100 mg/m2 day 1), leucovorin (400 mg/m2 day 1) and infusional 5-FU (2,400 mg/m2 day 1-2). The primary endpoint was DFS at 3 years defined as the interval from randomization to incomplete surgical resection, locoregional or metastatic recurrence or death, whichever occurred first. Results: A total of 637 patients were randomly assigned to arm 1 and 628 to arm 2. After a median follow-up time of 50 months, 198 patients in arm 1 had had a DFS-related event, as compared with 159 patients in arm 2 (HR 0.79, 95% confidence interval 0.64 to 0.98, P=0.03 by the mixed effects Cox model). The rate of DFS at three years was 71.2% (95% confidence interval, 67.6% to 74.9%) in arm 1 and 75.9% (95% confidence interval, 72.4% to 79.5%) in arm 2 (P=0.03 by the exact stratified log-rank test). Grade 3-4 late overall treatment-related toxicity occurred in 23% in arm 1 and 26% in arm 2 (P=0.14). The incidence of grade 3-4 sensory neuropathy in the oxaliplatin containing arm was 7% during treatment, decreasing to 3% at one year of follow-up. Conclusions: Adding oxaliplatin to 5-FU-based neoadjuvant CRT and adjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer significantly improved DFS. Clinical trial information: NCT00349076.
Abstract 30: Carotid Artery Stiffness and Decline in Cognitive Function Among Women With, or at Risk for, HIV Infection
Authors: Daniel Huck, David B Hanna, Pauline Maki, Victor Valcour, Leah Rubin, Gayle Springer, Kathyrn Anastos, Robert C Kaplan, Jorge R Kizer
Journal: Circulation (2017)

Background: Vascular stiffness is associated with aging and cognitive impairment in populations without HIV infection. HIV is also associated with increased vascular stiffness. The objective of this study was to examine the association of baseline carotid artery stiffness with progression of cognitive decline among women with, or at risk for, HIV infection, and to determine whether HIV modified this association. Methods: We used available baseline carotid stiffness and serial cognitive assessments from 2004 to 2015 in the Women’s Interagency HIV Study, a longitudinal cohort study of women with, or at risk for, HIV. Baseline measurements of carotid stiffness (distensibility) were determined from B-mode carotid artery ultrasound. Serial neurocognitive testing including Trail Making Tests A and B (TRLA, TRLB) and the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) was conducted over a median 8.5 years of follow-up. Linear mixed effects models were used to determine associations of baseline measures of carotid stiffness with progression of cognitive decline, with time operationalized as participant age. Models were adjusted by HIV serostatus and demographic, behavioral, and cardiometabolic factors. Results: Among 1732 women (1244 HIV+; 488 HIV-) median age at baseline was 41 (IQR 34-47), and the majority were non-Hispanic black (60%) or Hispanic (28%). Greater baseline distensibility, indicating less carotid stiffness, was associated with lower cognitive decline over time in SDMT (β = 0.006 per 10 –6 х Newton –1 х meter 2 , p &lt;0.001), TRLA (β = -0.01; p = 0.04), and TRLB (β = -0.05; p = 0.002), depicted in the figure. Longitudinal associations did not differ by HIV status (p interaction ≥ 0.13). Conclusions: Less baseline carotid stiffness was associated with slower progression of cognitive decline in women with, or at risk for, HIV infection, independent of potential confounders. Targeting of cardiovascular risk factors could prevent cognitive decline regardless of HIV serostatus.
A Fortunate Man
Authors: John Berger
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

On Being a Doctor15 June 1998A Fortunate ManJohn BergerJohn BergerSubmitted by: John Bride, MD; Phoenix, AZ 85040Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-128-12_Part_1-199806150-00017 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail It may be that computers will soon diagnose better than doctors. But the facts fed to the computers will still have to be the result of intimate, individual recognition of the patient.John BergerA Fortunate ManNew York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston; 1967Submitted by:John Bride, MDPhoenix, AZ 85040Submissions from readers are welcomed. If the quotation is published, the sender's name will be acknowledged. Please include a complete citation, as done for any reference. −The Editor. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Submitted by: John Bride, MD; Phoenix, AZ 85040 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byDiagnosing, Resisting, Yielding – or How the Doctor Faces the Inevitable TragedyExposing Bare Lives – Larkin's Hospital PoemsAIN'T NO GRAVE DEEP ENOUGHStructure, Agency and the Sociology of Sport DebatesCausality, Morality, and Radicalism: A Sociological Examination of the Work of George Brown and his Colleagues 15 June 1998Volume 128, Issue 12_Part_1Page: 1039KeywordsComputers ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 June 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Association Between &lt;emph type="ital"&gt;CYP2D6&lt;/emph&gt; Polymorphisms and Breast Cancer Outcomes
Authors: Timothy L. Lash
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A QTc study of cabazitaxel in patients with advanced solid tumors.
Authors: James Lloyd Wade, Shaker R. Dakhil, Ari David Baron, Sylvie Rottey, Frederick E. Millard, Gedske Daugaard, Jean-Pascal H. Machiels, William A. Conkright, Sunil Sharma, Patricia M.M.B. Soetekouw, Jeffrey Yachnin, Lisa Sengeløv, Peter van Veldhuizen, Sanjiv S Agarwala, TX Quyen Nguyen, Mustapha Chadjaa, Pierre Maison-Blanche
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

257 Background: Cabazitaxel (Cbz) improves overall survival in patients (pts) with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) after docetaxel failure, compared with mitoxantrone (HR 0.70; 95% CI 0.59–0.83; P &lt; 0.0001). Following Cbz approval for the treatment of mCRPC, this study was undertaken to evaluate any effect of Cbz on the QTc interval. Methods: This prospective, multinational, open-label study ( NCT01087021 ) enrolled pts with advanced solid tumors (without other therapeutic options). Cbz 25 mg/m² IV was administered on Day 1 Q3W. QTc and other ECG intervals were assessed on Day 1 of Cycle 1. Triplicate ECGs were obtained from 12-lead Holter recordings and concomitant serial blood samples were collected for pharmacokinetic (PK) analysis. The primary endpoint was change from baseline in the corrected QTc interval (according to the Fridericia formula QTcF). Results: A total of 96 pts were enrolled; 32 pts under the original protocol (6-h Holter) and 64 pts following protocol amendment 1, which extended ECG and PK monitoring (24-h Holter). Median age was 63 yrs (69.8% male), 30.5% and 57.9% of pts were ECOG PS 0 and 1 respectively; 33 pts (34.4%) had prostate cancer. Screening ECG was abnormal but not clinically significant in 39.6% of pts. The majority (n = 65) of pts received ≥ 3 treatment cycles; safety and ECG parameters were evaluated in 95 and 94 pts, respectively. In the 24-h Holter group (n = 63), the maximum least squares (LS) mean change from baseline in QTcF was 4.8 msec (90% CI 2.1–7.5), returning to baseline by 24 h. Similar results were observed in the overall population (n = 94). At C max , Cbz concentration had no effect on QTcF change from baseline; the mean (CV%) C max (n = 91) and AUC (n = 92) were 276 ng/ml (63%) and 1245 ng.h/ml (82%). The LS mean change from baseline in heart rate increased up to 24 h but remained &lt; 10 beats per minute. The most common Grade 3/4 AEs were neutropenia (27.4%), febrile neutropenia (12.6%), fatigue (12.6%) and dehydration (5.3%). No Grade 3/4 cardiac AEs were reported. Of the 6 deaths reported, 1 (infection) was study drug related. Conclusions: Cbz had no significant effect on QTc interval in pts with advanced tumors. The Cbz safety profile is consistent with previous findings and with other taxane-based therapies.
From the editors
Authors: Elaine Bell, Lucy Bird, Kirsty Minton, Olive Leavy, Sarah Allan, Rachel David, Isobel Barry, Craig Nicholson, Man Tse, Gillian Young, Simon Bradbrook, Susanne Harris, Vicky Askew, Patrick Managing, Judith Shadwell, Simon Fenwick, Natalie Smith, Laura Firman, Jacques Smit, Deborah Anthony, Marketing Managers, Tim Redding, Leah Rodriguez
Journal: Nature reviews. Immunology (2008)
Toxicity of Chlorinated Aromatic Compounds in Animals and Humans: In Vitro Approaches to Toxic Mechanisms and Risk Assessment
Authors: William F. Greenlee, Rosemarie Osborne, Karen M. Dold, Laurie G. Hudson, William A. Toscano
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1985)

Human exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and chlorinated analogs commonly results in pathological changes in the skin and its appendages characterized by thickening of the epidermis (acanthosis), hyperkeratosis and squamous metaplasia of the epithelial lining of the sebaceous glands. Acneform lesions (chloracne) develop as hair follicles dilate and fill with keratin and sebaceous glands become cystic. In animal models it has been found that the chloracneogenic potential of the halogenated aromatic compounds examined corresponds with the relative affinity of these same compounds for the cytosolic TCDD receptor. This receptor controls the coordinate expression of a number of inducible enzyme activities and in certain cell targets can alter normal programs of proliferation and differentiation. In this report we describe some of our ongoing studies on the mechanisms of action of TCDD in normal human epidermal cells and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) lines. These systems permit detailed investigation of the molecular and biochemical events underlying pathologic changes in the skin and offer the potential of establishing a risk assessment model for halogenated aromatic compounds by using human target cells.
THE NETHERLANDS
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abdominal robot retractor.
Journal: BMJ (1968)

Visiting in General Practice-Marsh MBITBISHNL 635 not on the telephone) in preference to calling at their homes.With the use of shorthand-typists and dictaphones much infor- mation can be relayed rapidly to patients-cutting down not only visits but also surgery consultations.Increasing awareness of three or four practices in the North- east of England where nurses are employed to do many of the repeat visits has made me more and more concerned whether the visit I was making really required a doctor.In December 1967 the decision to employ a nurse part-time visiting chronic patients and making some follow-up visits was taken by the partners.The effects of this step will become apparent during 1968.However, before transferring work to a nurse it was obviously vital to evaluate the work itself lest she perpetuate a work pattern for which there was no true clinical indication.It is more than probable that if a nurse had been employed in 1960 the reduction in total visiting in the last eight years might not have been achieved.
Relative Sensitivity of Tc-99m WBC Versus In-111 WBC in a Patient With Crohn Disease and Steroid Use
Authors: SUDHA CHALLA, KENNETH P. LYONS, PETER BROEKELSCHEN, NORAH MILNE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1997)

Numerous studies have shown that chemotaxis is affected by certain antibiotics and steroids. The authors present the case of a patient with Crohn disease relapse with multiple small-bowel fistulae and mesenteric abscesses. Whereas the Tc-99m WBC scan failed to show the intra-abdominal inflammatory foci, an In-111 WBC scan performed within a week delineated the abscesses very well, and these were later confirmed at surgery. This case is presented not only to illustrate the relative sensitivities of a Tc-99m WBC versus an In-111 WBC scan, but also to discuss the impediment to polymorphonuclear chemotaxis by steroids, which may be a contributory factor to the sensitivities of the different radiopharmaceuticals selected for detection of intra-abdominal septic foci.
Lassa fever: epidemiology, clinical features, and social consequences
Journal: BMJ (2004)

light.Some of these lenses may also allow the eye to focus for near and distance (accommodate), removing the need for glasses. ConclusionThe treatment of cataracts has progressed enormously since the days when the "couchers" used to roam from town to town dislocating cataractous lenses with needles, and it continues to evolve in the 21st century with an increasing trend towards customisation to the individual patient's needs (fig 4).What is clear, however, is that the provision of cataract surgery customised to the individual patient relies on far more than just the skill of the surgeon removing the cataract.Customised cataract surgery needs a multidisciplinary approach at several levels.Industry has a vital role in the development of new technologies, as do health services in the provision of appropriate eye care to populations.At the level of the individual patient such surgery involves the close cooperation of several professional groups, including physicians, anaesthetists, surgeons, opticians, and nurses, sharing information to carefully plan, carry out, and assess the results of every procedure.The future for people with cataracts is bright.
The impact of preoperative ASA and serum albumin on early complication and survival rate of patients undergoing radical cystectomy for bladder cancer.
Authors: Hooman Djaladat, Adrian Stuart Fairey, Jie Cai, Gus Miranda, Anne Schuckman, Eila C. Skinner, Siamak Daneshmand
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

313 Background: American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) score is used to evaluate the physical status of patients before surgery. Serum albumin is also a known marker of nutritional status. We evaluated the impact of preoperative ASA score and serum albumin on early complication and survival of pts who underwent radical cystectomy for bladder cancer. Methods: 1,964 patients with bladder cancer underwent cystectomy between 1971 and 2008 at the USC. Preoperative serum albumin and ASA score were available in 1471 and 1140 patients respectively. Post cystectomy early complication was defined as any postoperative event leading to lengthening hospital stay or re-admission within 90 days of surgery. Recurrence free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) for these cohorts were reviewed. Results: The demographic data of pts based on their serum albumin and ASA score is presented in table 1. Median follow up was 12.4 years (0 - 36.6 yrs). Low serum albumin (&lt;3.4 g/dL) and high ASA score (3 or 4) were associated with higher early complication rate (43% vs. 33%, p= 0.03 and 40% vs. 28%, p= 0.0001 respectively). In multivariable analysis, low serum albumin was an independent predictor of RFS (HR 1.35, 95% CI 1.00-1.81) and OS (HR 1.62, 95% CI 1.29-2.04). High ASA score was an independent predictor of OS (HR 1.45, 95% CI 1.13-1.85), but not RFS. Conclusions: Preoperative low serum albumin and high ASA score are independently predictive of post cystectomy decreased overall survival. Low serum albumin is also a risk factor for recurrence after cystectomy. These parameters potentially could be used in nomograms to predict postoperative prognosis in patients undergoing radical cystectomy. Demographic data in 1,471 and 1,140 patients who underwent cystectomy for bladder cancer based on preoperative serum albumin and ASA score, respectively. [Table: see text]
Influence of Acid Rain upon Water Plumbosolvency
Authors: Michael R. Moore
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1985)

The West of Scotland has had particular problems in the past associated with soft acidic water supplies and uptake of lead from domestic plumbing systems by such water. As a consequence of this, health problems related to overexposure to lead have been identified. The current debate on acidification of ground waters by acid rain is therefore particularly pertinent to this area. Studies have shown that even a modest decrease in pH will result in very substantial increase in plumbosolvency. This was found to be of particular importance in the city of Glasgow and town of Ayr, where prior to water treatment, pH values were 6.3 and 5.4, respectively, and where, consequentially, large numbers of homes did not comply with lead in water standards. Closed-loop lime-dosing systems were introduced in both Glasgow and Ayr to increase the pH with immediate decrease in the lead content of the water and, subsequently, blood lead concentrations of the subjects living in these areas. Such closed-loop systems will compensate for any acidity in water supplies, whether of natural origin or originating from acid rain precipitation. However, when such treatment has not been applied, any increase in water acidity due to acid rain which is, in many cases, already unacceptable. which is, in many cases, already unacceptable.
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: MICHAEL E. STEFANEK
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

Journal Article BOOK REVIEWS Get access The Race is Run: One Step at a Time . Nancy Brinker . New York : Simon & Schuster , 1990 , 219 pp. $18.95. MICHAEL E. STEFANEK MICHAEL E. STEFANEK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 83, Issue 17, 4 September 1991, Pages 1254–1255, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/83.17.1254-a Published: 04 September 1991
Retrochiasmal Visual Field Defects from Multiple Sclerosis
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal