tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Use of Patient-Reported Outcomes in Acne Vulgaris and Rosacea Clinical Trials From 2011 to 2021
Authors: Sophia Ly, John Miller, Lauren Tong, Lindsay Blake, Arash Mostaghimi, John S. Barbieri
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2022)

Importance Acne and rosacea have substantial implications for quality of life, and it is therefore important to ensure the patient’s voice is being captured in pivotal randomized clinical trials (RCTs). Although patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are a valuable tool to capture the patient perspective, little is known about use of PROMs in RCTs on acne and rosacea. Objective To characterize the use of PROMs in RCTs on acne and rosacea. Evidence Review A systematic literature search was conducted using the search terms acne vulgaris and rosacea in the following databases: MEDLINE through PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. A modified search hedge for RCTs from the McGill Library was applied. All phase 2, 3, and 4 RCTs published between December 31, 2011, through December 31, 2021, that evaluated the efficacy and safety of therapies for acne and rosacea vs any comparator were eligible for inclusion. Findings A total of 2461 publications describing RCTs were identified, of which 206 RCTs met the inclusion criteria (163 trials [79%] on acne and 43 [21%] on rosacea). At least 1 PROM was used in 53% of trials (110) included; PROM use was more common in rosacea RCTs (67% [n = 29]) compared with acne RCTs (50% [n = 81]). At least 1 dermatology-specific (13% [n = 27]) or disease-specific (14% [n = 28]) PROM was included in the RCTs analyzed. Only 7% of trials (14) included a PROM as a primary outcome measure. There was no statistically significant increase in PROM inclusion over the study period (11 of 21 trials in 2011 vs 5 of 12 trials in 2021). Conclusions and Relevance In this systematic review, PROMs were included in approximately one-half of acne and rosacea RCTs performed over the study period. In addition, PROMs were rarely used as a primary outcome measure, and inclusion of PROMs has not increased substantially over the past 10 years. Increasing use of PROMs in RCTs can ensure that the patient’s perspective is captured during the development of new treatments for acne and rosacea.
Migraine — Patient Perspectives
Authors: Cynthia E. Armand, Jeremy Fugerer, Laura Hughes, Elizabeth Loder, Delmaira Perez, Allan H. Ropper, Anikah Salim
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2022)

In this short documentary video, patients share their experiences of living with migraine and physicians discuss the current understanding and treatment of this very common condition. Tailored to patients and families, this video highlights the debilitating symptoms and impact of migraine on daily life from the patient perspective. Physicians then delve into the history of migraine and the progress research has made toward understanding the symptoms, causes, and treatment of this condition.
Indoor Air Pollution and Impaired Cardiac Autonomic Function in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Sarath Raju, Han Woo, Kirsten Koehler, Ashraf Fawzy, Chen Liu, Nirupama Putcha, Aparna Balasubramanian, Roger D. Peng, Cheng Ting Lin, Chantal Lemoine, Jennifer Wineke, Ronald D. Berger, Nadia N. Hansel, Meredith C. McCormack
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2022)

Indoor air pollution represents a modifiable risk factor for respiratory morbidity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The effects of indoor air pollution, as well as the impact of interventions to improve indoor air quality, on cardiovascular morbidity in COPD remain unknown.
Prokaryotic Pangenomes Act as Evolving Ecosystems
Authors: James O McInerney
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2022)

Understanding adaptation to the local environment is a central tenet and a major focus of evolutionary biology. But this is only part of the adaptionist story. In addition to the external environment, one of the main drivers of genome composition is genetic background. In this perspective, I argue that there is a growing body of evidence that intra-genomic selective pressures play a significant part in the composition of prokaryotic genomes and play a significant role in the origin, maintenance and structuring of prokaryotic pangenomes.
Functional Attenuation of <i>UCP1</i> as the Potential Mechanism for a Thickened Blubber Layer in Cetaceans
Authors: Ming Zhou, Tianzhen Wu, Yue Chen, Shixia Xu, Guang Yang
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2022)

Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) is an essential protein in the mitochondrial inner membrane that mediates nonshivering thermogenesis (NST) and plays an important role in thermoregulation and fat deposition. However, the relationship between the evolution of UCP1 and fat deposition in the blubber layer in cetaceans remains unclear. Here, frameshift mutations, premature termination, and relaxed selection pressure (ω = 0.9557, P < 0.05) were detected in UCP1 in cetaceans, suggesting that UCP1 was inactivated during cetacean evolution. By time estimation, it was found that the inactivation of UCP1 in cetaceans occurred between 53.1 and 50.2 Ma. However, combined with findings from immunohistochemical analysis of the blubber layer of the Yangtze finless porpoise and in vitro functional assays, a premature termination of cetacean UCP1 resulted in a reduction of UCP1-mediated NST capacity (about 50%) and lipolytic capacity (about 40%), both of which were beneficial to maintain blubber layer and body temperature without excessive fat consumption. This study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms of the blubber thickening in cetaceans and highlights the importance of UCP1 attenuation in cetaceans for secondary aquatic adaptation.
Association of Vascular Risk Factors and Genetic Factors With Penetrance of Variants Causing Monogenic Stroke
Authors: Bernard P. H. Cho, Eric L. Harshfield, Maha Al-Thani, Daniel J. Tozer, Steven Bell, Hugh S. Markus
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2022)

It is uncertain whether typical variants causing monogenic stroke are associated with cerebrovascular disease in the general population and why the phenotype of these variants varies so widely.
Monogenic Stroke—Can We Overcome Nature With Nurture?
Authors: Ruchira M. Jha
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Cancer risk associated with alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency: only large registries will give us the answer
Authors: Miriam Barrecheguren, Marc Miravitlles
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2022)

<b>Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency has been linked with a potential increase of the risk of some types of cancer; international prospective registries are key to shed light on this important aspect</b>https://bit.ly/3AIApov
ReadZS detects cell type-specific and developmentally regulated RNA processing programs in single-cell RNA-seq
Authors: Elisabeth Meyer, Kaitlin Chaung, Roozbeh Dehghannasiri, Julia Salzman
Journal: Genome biology (2022)

Abstract RNA processing, including splicing and alternative polyadenylation, is crucial to gene function and regulation, but methods to detect RNA processing from single-cell RNA sequencing data are limited by reliance on pre-existing annotations, peak calling heuristics, and collapsing measurements by cell type. We introduce ReadZS, an annotation-free statistical approach to identify regulated RNA processing in single cells. ReadZS discovers cell type-specific RNA processing in human lung and conserved, developmentally regulated RNA processing in mammalian spermatogenesis—including global 3′ UTR shortening in human spermatogenesis. ReadZS also discovers global 3′ UTR lengthening in Arabidopsis development, highlighting the usefulness of this method in under-annotated transcriptomes.
CRISPR-KRISPR: a method to identify on-target and random insertion of donor DNAs and their characterization in knock-in mice
Authors: Masayuki Tanaka, Keiko Yokoyama, Hideki Hayashi, Sanae Isaki, Kanae Kitatani, Ting Wang, Hisako Kawata, Hideyuki Matsuzawa, Channabasavaiah B. Gurumurthy, Hiromi Miura, Masato Ohtsuka
Journal: Genome biology (2022)

Abstract CRISPR tools can generate knockout and knock-in animal models easily, but the models can contain off-target genomic lesions or random insertions of donor DNAs. Simpler methods to identify off-target lesions and random insertions, using tail or earpiece DNA, are unavailable. We develop CRISPR-KRISPR (CRISPR- K nock-ins and R andom I nserts S earching P R otocol), a method to identify both off-target lesions and random insertions. CRISPR-KRISPR uses as little as 3.4 μg of genomic DNA; thus, it can be easily incorporated as an additional step to genotype founder animals for further breeding.
Correction: Coronin 3 promotes gastric cancer metastasis via the up-regulation of MMP-9 and cathepsin K
Authors: Gui Ren, Qifei Tian, Yanxin An, Bin Feng, Yuanyuan Lu, Jie Liang, Kai Li, Yulong Shang, Yongzhan Nie, Xin Wang, Daiming Fan
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2022)
APOE ε4-dependent effects on the early amyloid pathology in induced neurons of patients with Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Hongwon Kim, Siyoung Kim, Byounggook Cho, Jaein Shin, Jongpil Kim
Journal: Translational Neurodegeneration (2022)

Abstract Background The ε4 allele of apolipoprotein E ( APOE ε4) is the strongest known genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (AD), associated with amyloid pathogenesis. However, it is not clear how APOE ε4 accelerates amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition during the seeding stage of amyloid development in AD patient neurons. Methods AD patient induced neurons (iNs) with an APOE ε4 inducible system were prepared from skin fibroblasts of AD patients. Transcriptome analysis was performed using RNA isolated from the AD patient iNs expressing APOE ε4 at amyloid-seeding and amyloid-aggregation stages. Knockdown of IGFBP3 was applied in the iNs to investigate the role of IGFBP3 in the APOE ε4-mediated amyloidosis. Results We optimized amyloid seeding stage in the iNs of AD patients that transiently expressed APOE ε4. Remarkably, we demonstrated that Aβ pathology was aggravated by the induction of APOE ε4 gene expression at the amyloid early-seeding stage in the iNs of AD patients. Moreover, transcriptome analysis in the early-seeding stage revealed that IGFBP3 was functionally important in the molecular pathology of APOE ε4-associated AD. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the presence of APOE ε4 at the early Aβ-seeding stage in patient iNs is critical for aggravation of sporadic AD pathology. These results provide insights into the importance of APOE ε4 expression for the progression and pathogenesis of sporadic AD.
What should I do if I witness a colleague sexually harassing another member of staff?
Authors: Ingrid Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2022)

What should I do if I witness a colleague sexually harassing another member of staff?Ingrid Torjesen finds out how to support a colleague who is the target of sexual banter or unwanted advances Ingrid TorjesenDoctors need to know that they will be supported Jo Wren, head of outreach for the General Medical Council, says, "Hearing accounts from people who were sexually assaulted by a colleague is harrowing and the GMC absolutely condemns such behaviour.
Use of linked registry claims data for long term surveillance of devices after endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair: observational surveillance study
Authors: Philip Goodney, Jialin Mao, Jesse Columbo, Bjoern Suckow, Marc Schermerhorn, Mahmoud Malas, Benjamin Brooke, Andrew Hoel, Salvatore Scali, Shipra Arya, Emily Spangler, Olamide Alabi, Adam Beck, Barbara Gladders, Kayla Moore, Xinyan Zheng, Jens Eldrup-Jorgensen, Art Sedrakyan
Journal: BMJ (2022)

Abstract Objective To evaluate long term outcomes (reintervention and late rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysm) of aortic endografts in real world practice using linked registry claims data. Design Observational surveillance study. Setting 282 centers in the Vascular Quality Initiative Registry linked to United States Medicare claims (2003-18). Participants 20 489 patients treated with four device types used for endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR): 40.6% (n=8310) received the Excluder (Gore), 32.2% (n=6606) the Endurant (Medtronic), 16.0% (n=3281) the Zenith (Cook Medical), and 11.2% (n=2292) the AFX (Endologix). Given modifications to AFX in late 2014, patients who received the AFX device were categorized into two groups: the early AFX group (n=942) and late AFX group (n=1350) and compared with patients who received the other devices, using propensity matched Cox models. Main outcome measures Reintervention and rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysm post-EVAR; all patients (100%) had complete follow-up via the registry or claims based outcome assessment, or both. Results Median age was 76 years (interquartile range (IQR) 70-82 years), 80.0% (16 386/20 489) of patients were men, and median follow-up was 2.3 years (IQR 0.9-4.1 years). Crude five year reintervention rates were significantly higher for patients who received the early AFX device compared with the other devices: 14.9% (95% confidence interval 13.7% to 16.2%) for Excluder, 19.5% (18.1% to 21.1%) for Endurant, 16.7% (15.0% to 18.6%) for Zenith, and early 27.0% (23.7% to 30.6%) for the early AFX. The risk of reintervention for patients who received the early AFX device was higher compared with the other devices in propensity matched Cox models (hazard ratio 1.61, 95% confidence interval 1.29 to 2.02) and analyses using a surgeon level instrumental variable of &gt;33% AFX grafts used in their practice (1.75, 1.19 to 2.59). The linked registry claims surveillance data identified the increased risk of reintervention with the early AFX device as early as mid-2013, well before the first regulatory warnings were issued in the US in 2017. Conclusions The linked registry claims surveillance data identified a device specific risk in long term reintervention after EVAR of abdominal aortic aneurysm. Device manufacturers and regulators can leverage linked data sources to actively monitor long term outcomes in real world practice after cardiovascular interventions.
Genetic counselling and testing in pulmonary arterial hypertension: a consensus statement on behalf of the International Consortium for Genetic Studies in PAH
Authors: Christina A. Eichstaedt, Catharina Belge, Wendy K. Chung, Stefan Gräf, Ekkehard Grünig, David Montani, Rozenn Quarck, Jair A. Tenorio-Castano, Florent Soubrier, Richard C. Trembath, Nicholas W. Morrell
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2022)

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare disease that can be caused by (likely) pathogenic germline genomic variants. In addition to the most prevalent disease gene,
Correction: Profiling HPV-16–specific T cell responses reveals broad antigen reactivities in oropharyngeal cancer patients
Authors: Kunal H. Bhatt, Michelle A. Neller, Sriganesh Srihari, Pauline Crooks, Lea Lekieffre, Blake T. Aftab, Howard Liu, Corey Smith, Liz Kenny, Sandro Porceddu, Rajiv Khanna
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2022)
Predicting radiocephalic arteriovenous fistula success with machine learning
Authors: Patrick Heindel, Tanujit Dey, Jessica D. Feliz, Dirk M. Hentschel, Deepak L. Bhatt, Mohammed Al-Omran, Michael Belkin, C. Keith Ozaki, Mohamad A. Hussain
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2022)

After creation of a new arteriovenous fistula (AVF), assessment of readiness for use is an important clinical task. Accurate prediction of successful use is challenging, and augmentation of the physical exam with ultrasound has become routine. Herein, we propose a point-of-care tool based on machine learning to enhance prediction of successful unassisted radiocephalic arteriovenous fistula (AVF) use. Our analysis includes pooled patient-level data from 704 patients undergoing new radiocephalic AVF creation, eligible for hemodialysis, and enrolled in the 2014-2019 international multicenter PATENCY-1 or PATENCY-2 randomized controlled trials. The primary outcome being predicted is successful unassisted AVF use within 1-year, defined as 2-needle cannulation for hemodialysis for ≥90 days without preceding intervention. Logistic, penalized logistic (lasso and elastic net), decision tree, random forest, and boosted tree classification models were built with a training, tuning, and testing paradigm using a combination of baseline clinical characteristics and 4-6 week ultrasound parameters. Performance assessment includes receiver operating characteristic curves, precision-recall curves, calibration plots, and decision curves. All modeling approaches except the decision tree have similar discrimination performance and comparable net-benefit (area under the ROC curve 0.78-0.81, accuracy 69.1-73.6%). Model performance is superior to Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative and University of Alabama at Birmingham ultrasound threshold criteria. The lasso model is presented as the final model due to its parsimony, retaining only 3 covariates: larger outflow vein diameter, higher flow volume, and absence of >50% luminal stenosis. A point-of-care online calculator is deployed to facilitate AVF assessment in the clinic.
Ocular Adverse Events after Coronavirus Disease 2019 mRNA Vaccination
Authors: Yohei Hashimoto, Hayato Yamana, Masao Iwagami, Sachiko Ono, Yoshinori Takeuchi, Nobuaki Michihata, Kohei Uemura, Hideo Yasunaga, Makoto Aihara, Toshikatsu Kaburaki
Journal: Ophthalmology (2022)
An Eye-Tracking–Based Dichoptic Home Treatment for Amblyopia
Authors: Tamara Wygnanski-Jaffe, Burton J. Kushner, Avital Moshkovitz, Michael Belkin, Oren Yehezkel, Ramat Gan, Abraham Spierer, Tamara Wygnanski-Jaffe, Nethanel Zitzer, Dan Cohen, Ahuva Shpigelman, Maoz Hadash, Ilya Ortenberg, Rinat Cohen, Hana Leib, Majd Arow, Reut Parness, Luba Rodov, Alexandra Goz, Haia Katz, Anabel Bazov, Chaim Nissen, Gabriel Avraham, Emad Borsha, Idit Keynann, Tali Aviv, Nathalie Corcos, Keren Roll, Eedy Mezer, Vered Brucker, Meital Abecassis, Ronen Rabinovich, Eran Laster, Ronit Politi, Hila Givoni, Ahed Amitirat, Chiya Robert Barrett, Adelina Zioni, Katty Kuperman, Yael Crocus
Journal: Ophthalmology (2022)
Reply to Minxiong Hu and Liefu Ye’s Letter to the Editor re: Jihad H. Kaouk, Ethan L. Ferguson, Alp Tuna Beksac, et al. Single-port Robotic Transvesical Partial Prostatectomy for Localized Prostate Cancer: Initial Series and Description of Technique. Eur Urol. 2022;82:551–58
Authors: Ethan L Ferguson, Jihad H Kaouk
Journal: European Urology (2022)
Biomarker-Based Prediction of Recurrent Ischemic Events in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Gorav Batra, Johan Lindbäck, Richard C. Becker, Robert A. Harrington, Claes Held, Stefan K. James, Tibor Kempf, Renato D. Lopes, Kenneth W. Mahaffey, Philippe Gabriel Steg, Robert F. Storey, Eva Swahn, Kai C. Wollert, Agneta Siegbahn, Lars Wallentin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Untargeted serum metabolomic analysis reveals a role for purinergic signaling in FPIES
Authors: Daniel Lozano-Ojalvo, Xin Chen, David Dunkin, Charuta Agashe, Mary Grace Baker, J. Andrew Bird, Elena Molina, Anna Nowak-Wegrzyn, M. Cecilia Berin
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2022)
Relationship of Circulating Vegetable Omega-3 to Prognosis in Patients With Heart Failure
Authors: Iolanda Lázaro, Josep Lupón, Germán Cediel, Pau Codina, Montserrat Fitó, Mar Domingo, Evelyn Santiago-Vacas, Elisabet Zamora, Aleix Sala-Vila, Antoni Bayés-Genís
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Eliminating Disparities in Cardiovascular Disease for Black Women
Authors: Modele O. Ogunniyi, Zainab Mahmoud, Yvonne Commodore-Mensah, Jerome L. Fleg, Yetunde A. Fatade, Odayme Quesada, Niti R. Aggarwal, Deirdre J. Mattina, Glaucia Maria Moraes De Oliveira, Kathryn J. Lindley, Bruce Ovbiagele, Robert O. Roswell, Paul L. Douglass, Dipti Itchhaporia, Sharonne N. Hayes
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Cardiovascular Effects of Canagliflozin in Relation to Renal Function and Albuminuria
Authors: Ashish Sarraju, George Bakris, Christopher P. Cannon, David Cherney, C.V. Damaraju, Gemma A. Figtree, Jagadish Gogate, Tom Greene, Hiddo J.L. Heerspink, James L. Januzzi, Bruce Neal, Meg J. Jardine, Jaime Blais, Mikhail Kosiborod, Adeera Levin, Ildiko Lingvay, Matthew R. Weir, Vlado Perkovic, Kenneth W. Mahaffey
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Data solidarity: a blueprint for governing health futures
Authors: Barbara Prainsack, Seliem El-Sayed, Nikolaus Forgó, Łukasz Szoszkiewicz, Philipp Baumer
Journal: The Lancet Digital Health (2022)

We live in an era of inequalities, many of which are being increased by digital technologies. Moreover, as noted by the Lancet and Financial Times Commission, "business models based on data extraction, concentrations of power, and viral spread of misinformation and disinformation represent defining features of the current phase of digital transformations".1 At the root of these problems lie corporate practices but also public policies that allow data processors to accrue profits at the cost of people and communities.
Eliminating breast surgery for invasive breast cancer in exceptional responders to neoadjuvant systemic therapy: a multicentre, single-arm, phase 2 trial
Authors: Henry M Kuerer, Benjamin D Smith, Savitri Krishnamurthy, Wei T Yang, Vicente Valero, Yu Shen, Heather Lin, Anthony Lucci, Judy C Boughey, Richard L White, Emilia J Diego, Gaiane M Rauch, Tanya W Moseley, Raquel FD van la Parra, Beatriz E Adrada, Jessica WT Leung, Susie X Sun, Mediget Teshome, Makesha V Miggins, Kelly K Hunt, Sarah M DeSnyder, Richard A Ehlers, Rosa F Hwang, Jessica S Colen, Elsa Arribas,, Laila Samiian, Beth-Ann Lesnikoski, Mathew Piotrowski, Isabelle Bedrosian, Clayton Chong, Ana P Refinetti, Monica Huang, Rosalind P Candelaria, Catherine Loveland-Jones, Melissa P Mitchell, Simona F Shaitelman
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2022)
BNT162b2 vaccine effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 omicron BA.4 and BA.5
Authors: Sara Y Tartof, Jeff M Slezak, Laura Puzniak, Vennis Hong, Timothy B Frankland, Bradley K Ackerson, Harpreet Takhar, Oluwaseye A Ogun, Sarah Simmons, Joann M Zamparo, Luis Jodar, John M McLaughlin
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2022)
Risk reduction and screening of cancer in hereditary breast-ovarian cancer syndromes: ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline
Authors: C. Sessa, J. Balmaña, S.L. Bober, M.J. Cardoso, N. Colombo, G. Curigliano, S.M. Domchek, D.G. Evans, D. Fischerova, N. Harbeck, C. Kuhl, B. Lemley, E. Levy-Lahad, M. Lambertini, J.A. Ledermann, S. Loibl, K.-A. Phillips, S. Paluch-Shimon
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2022)