tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A new lymph node ratio-based staging system for rectosigmoid cancer: a retrospective study with external validation
Authors: Chao Zhang, Shutao Zhao, Xudong Wang, Dacheng Wen
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

This study evaluated the clinical value of a new American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) tumor node metastasis (TNM) staging prediction model based on lymph node ratio (LNR) in rectosigmoid cancer (RSC).The analysis included 1444 patients with nonmetastatic RSC diagnosed pathologically between 2010 and 2016 who were collected from the National Cancer Institute Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Results database. The AJCC N-stage was redefined according to the LNR cutoff point, and the ability of the new staging system to predict prognosis was compared with that of the AJCC TNM staging system. Data from 739 patients from our hospital were used for external validation.According to the number of examined lymph nodes and LNR, the N stage was divided into five groups (LNR0-5). The 5-year OS of patients divided according to the new T lymph node ratio M (TLNRM) staging into stage I (T1LNR1, T1LNR2), IIA (T1LNR3, T2LNR1, T2LNR2, T2LNR3, T1LNR4, T3LNR1), IIB (T2LNR4), IIC (T3LNR2, T4a LNR1, T1LNR5), IIIA (T3LNR3, T2LNR5, T4b LNR1, T4a LNR2, T3LNR4), IIIB (T3LNR5, T4a LNR3, T4a LNR4, T4b LNR2), and IIIC (T4b LNR3, T4a LNR5, T4b LNR4, T4b LNR5) was significantly different ( P <0.05). Decision curve analysis showed that the net income of the new TLNRM staging system for different decision thresholds was higher than the prediction line of the traditional eighth TNM staging system. The smaller Akaike information criterion and Bayesian information suggested that the new staging system had a higher sensitivity for predicting prognosis than the traditional staging system. TLNRM II and III patients benefited from adjuvant chemotherapy, while adjuvant chemotherapy did not improve the prognosis of TNM II patients. These findings were confirmed by the external validation data.The new TLNRM staging system was superior to the eighth edition AJCC staging system for staging and predicting the prognosis of patients with RSC and may become an effective tool in clinical practice.
A commentary on ‘Application of machine learning in surgery research: current uses and future directions – editorial’
Authors: Si-Un Frank Chiu, Chao-Ming Hung, Chong-Chi Chiu
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

aDepartment of Computer Science, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA bDepartment of Economics, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA cDepartment of General Surgery, E-Da Cancer Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan dSchool of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan eDepartment of Medical Education and Research, E-Da Cancer Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article. Published online ■ ■ *Corresponding author. Address: No.21, Yi-Da Road, Jiao-Su Village, Yan-Chao District, Kaohsiung, 824, Taiwan, Tel: 886-76150022, Fax: 886-76150940. E-mail address: [email protected] (C-C. Chiu). This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CCBY), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Using the study of reasoning to address the age of unreason
Authors: Magda Osman
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2023)

Abstract If we accept that societally, politically, and even culturally enlightenment face some serious challenges, can we use this rethinking of theories of reasoning to address them? The aim here is to make a case for building on the work presented by De Neys as an opportunity to advance an applied reasoning research programme.
Quantitative fluid overload in severe aortic stenosis refines cardiac damage and associates with worse outcomes
Authors: Kseniya Halavina, Matthias Koschutnik, Carolina Donà, Maximilian Autherith, Fabian Petric, Anna Röckel, Katharina Mascherbauer, Gregor Heitzinger, Varius Dannenberg, Felix Hofer, Max‐Paul Winter, Martin Andreas, Thomas A. Treibel, Georg Goliasch, Julia Mascherbauer, Christian Hengstenberg, Andreas A. Kammerlander, Philipp E. Bartko, Christian Nitsche
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2023)

Cardiac decompensation in aortic stenosis (AS) involves extra-valvular cardiac damage and progressive fluid overload (FO). FO can be objectively quantified using bioimpedance spectroscopy. We aimed to assess the prognostic value of FO beyond established damage markers to guide risk stratification.
What is intuiting and deliberating? A functional–cognitive perspective
Authors: Jan De Houwer, Yannick Boddez, Pieter Van Dessel
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2023)

Abstract We applaud De Neys for drawing attention to the interaction between intuiting and deliberating without committing to single- or dual process models. It remains unclear, however, how he conceptualizes the distinction between intuiting and deliberating. We propose several levels at which the distinction can be made and discuss the merits of defining intuiting and deliberating as different types of behavior.
A commentary on ‘Duloxetine for rehabilitation after total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis’
Authors: Xiumei Tang, Ye Yang, Fuyuan Zheng, Li Ma, Peiyi Li
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

Tang, Xiumei PhD; Yang, Ye BSN; Zheng, Fuyuan PhD; Ma, Li PhD; Li, Peiyi PhD Author Information
Dual-process theory is Barbapapa
Authors: Gustav Tinghög, Lina Koppel, Daniel Västfjäll
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2023)

Abstract The biggest benefit of dual-process theory lies in its role as a benchmark theory that, regardless of its empirical plausibility, serves as a starting point for better and more domain-specific models. In this sense, dual-process theory is the Barbapapa of psychological theory – a blob-shaped creature that can be reshaped and adapted to fit in the context of any human behavior.
Peripheral blood evidence of iron overload
Authors: Barbara J. Bain, Maria Angeles
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2023)

A 19-year-old woman had a follow-up blood count and blood film 6 months after a successful allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant for hemoglobin E/β thalassemia. The patient had previously been transfusion dependent. A splenectomy had been performed at the same time as the transplantation. Her blood count showed the following: red cell count 3.27 × 1012/L, hemoglobin concentration 115 g/L, mean cell volume 104 fL, mean cell hemoglobin 35.3 pg and mean cell hemoglobin concentration 340 g/L. Her blood film showed the expected post-splenectomy changes: Howell–Jolly bodies, target cells and acanthocytes, with other poikilocytes and polychromatic macrocytes. However, in addition there were very numerous siderotic granules (images, ×100 objective). The patient's ferritin was found to be 3766 μg/L. Following splenectomy, small numbers of siderotic granules (Pappenheimer bodies) are seen in circulating erythrocytes. When a hyposplenic patient has iron overload, siderotic granules can be very numerous, providing striking evidence of the iron overload. The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Trabecular metal versus non-trabecular metal acetabular components for acetabular revision surgery
Authors: Jiajia Lu, Nan Lu, Qiang Fu, Xiaojian Shi
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

aDepartment of Orthopedic Trauma Surgery, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China bDepartment of Orthopedic Trauma Surgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, China cDepartment of Orthopedic Trauma, Haimen People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Nantong, Jiangsu, China Jiajia Lu, Nan Lu, Qiang Fu, These authors equally contribute to the works. Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article. Published online ■ ■ *Corresponding author. Address: Department of Orthopedic Trauma, Haimen People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, 1201 Beijing Road, Haimen District, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, 226100, China. E-mail address: [email protected] (X. Shi). This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work, even for commercial purposes, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Physiologic Clinkers
Journal: JAMA (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
IUD Expulsion Rates After Early Postpartum vs Interval Placement—Reply
Authors: Sarah Averbach, Florin Vaida, Lisa G. Hofler
Journal: JAMA (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Stability and heterogeneity in the antimicrobiota reactivity of human milk-derived immunoglobulin A
Authors: Chelseá B. Johnson-Hence, Kathyayini P. Gopalakrishna, Darren Bodkin, Kara E. Coffey, Ansen H.P. Burr, Syed Rahman, Ali T. Rai, Darryl A. Abbott, Yelissa A. Sosa, Justin T. Tometich, Jishnu Das, Timothy W. Hand
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2023)

Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is secreted into breast milk and is critical for both protecting against enteric pathogens and shaping the infant intestinal microbiota. The efficacy of breast milk–derived maternal IgA (BrmIgA) is dependent upon its specificity; however, heterogeneity in BrmIgA binding ability to the infant microbiota is not known. Using a flow cytometric array, we analyzed the reactivity of BrmIgA against bacteria common to the infant microbiota and discovered substantial heterogeneity between all donors, independent of preterm or term delivery. Surprisingly, we also observed intradonor variability in the BrmIgA response to closely related bacterial isolates. Conversely, longitudinal analysis showed that the antibacterial BrmIgA reactivity was relatively stable through time, even between sequential infants, indicating that mammary gland IgA responses are durable. Together, our study demonstrates that the antibacterial BrmIgA reactivity displays interindividual heterogeneity but intraindividual stability. These findings have important implications for how breast milk shapes the development of the preterm infant microbiota and protects against necrotizing enterocolitis.
Accelerometer-Derived “Weekend Warrior” Physical Activity and Incident Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Shaan Khurshid, Mostafa A. Al-Alusi, Timothy W. Churchill, J. Sawalla Guseh, Patrick T. Ellinor
Journal: JAMA (2023)

Importance Guidelines recommend 150 minutes or more of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) per week for overall health benefit, but the relative effects of concentrated vs more evenly distributed activity are unclear. Objective To examine associations between an accelerometer-derived “weekend warrior” pattern (ie, most MVPA achieved over 1-2 days) vs MVPA spread more evenly with risk of incident cardiovascular events. Design, Setting, and Participants Retrospective analysis of UK Biobank cohort study participants providing a full week of accelerometer-based physical activity data between June 8, 2013, and December 30, 2015. Exposures Three MVPA patterns were compared: active weekend warrior (active WW, ≥150 minutes with ≥50% of total MVPA achieved in 1-2 days), active regular (≥150 minutes and not meeting active WW status), and inactive (&amp;amp;lt;150 minutes). The same patterns were assessed using the sample median threshold of 230.4 minutes or more of MVPA per week. Main Outcomes and Measures Associations between activity pattern and incident atrial fibrillation, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and stroke were assessed using Cox proportional hazards regression, adjusted for age, sex, racial and ethnic background, tobacco use, alcohol intake, Townsend Deprivation Index, employment status, self-reported health, and diet quality. Results A total of 89 573 individuals (mean [SD] age, 62 [7.8] years; 56% women) who underwent accelerometry were included. When stratified at the threshold of 150 minutes or more of MVPA per week, a total of 37 872 were in the active WW group (42.2%), 21 473 were in the active regular group (24.0%), and 30 228 were in the inactive group (33.7%). In multivariable-adjusted models, both activity patterns were associated with similarly lower risks of incident atrial fibrillation (active WW: hazard ratio [HR], 0.78 [95% CI, 0.74-0.83]; active regular: 0.81 [95% CI, 0.74-0.88; inactive: HR, 1.00 [95% CI, 0.94-1.07]), myocardial infarction (active WW: 0.73 [95% CI, 0.67-0.80]; active regular: 0.65 [95% CI, 0.57-0.74]; and inactive: 1.00 [95% CI, 0.91-1.10]), heart failure (active WW: 0.62 [95% CI, 0.56-0.68]; active regular: 0.64 [95% CI, 0.56-0.73]; and inactive: 1.00 [95% CI, 0.92-1.09]), and stroke (active WW: 0.79 [95% CI, 0.71-0.88]; active regular: 0.83 [95% CI, 0.72-0.97]; and inactive: 1.00 [95% CI, 0.90-1.11]). Findings were consistent at the median threshold of 230.4 minutes or more of MVPA per week, although associations with stroke were no longer significant (active WW: 0.89 [95% CI, 0.79-1.02]; active regular: 0.87 [95% CI, 0.74-1.02]; and inactive: 1.00 [95% CI, 0.90-1.11]). Conclusions and Relevance Physical activity concentrated within 1 to 2 days was associated with similarly lower risk of cardiovascular outcomes to more evenly distributed activity.
Landscape of mast cell populations across organs in mice and humans
Authors: Marie Tauber, Lilian Basso, Jeremy Martin, Luciana Bostan, Marlene Magalhaes Pinto, Guilhem R. Thierry, Raïssa Houmadi, Nadine Serhan, Alexia Loste, Camille Blériot, Jasper B.J. Kamphuis, Mirjana Grujic, Lena Kjellén, Gunnar Pejler, Carle Paul, Xinzhong Dong, Stephen J. Galli, Laurent L. Reber, Florent Ginhoux, Marc Bajenoff, Rebecca Gentek, Nicolas Gaudenzio
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2023)

Mast cells (MCs) are tissue-resident immune cells that exhibit homeostatic and neuron-associated functions. Here, we combined whole-tissue imaging and single-cell RNA sequencing datasets to generate a pan-organ analysis of MCs in mice and humans at steady state. In mice, we identify two mutually exclusive MC populations, MrgprB2+ connective tissue–type MCs and MrgprB2neg mucosal-type MCs, with specific transcriptomic core signatures. While MrgprB2+ MCs develop in utero independently of the bone marrow, MrgprB2neg MCs develop after birth and are renewed by bone marrow progenitors. In humans, we unbiasedly identify six MC clusters/states (MC1–6) distributed across 12 organs with different transcriptomic core signatures. MC1 are preferentially enriched in the skin and lungs, MC2, MC3, and MC4 in the skin and bladder, MC5 in the lymph node and vasculature, and MC6 in the trachea and lungs. This comprehensive analysis offers valuable insights into the natural diversity of MC subtypes in both mice and humans.
Automatic threat processing shows evidence of exclusivity
Authors: David S March, Michael A Olson, Lowell Gaertner
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2023)

Abstract De Neys argues against assigning exclusive capacities to automatic versus controlled processes. The dual implicit process model provides a theoretical rationale for the exclusivity of automatic threat processing, and corresponding data provide empirical evidence of such exclusivity. De Neys's dismissal of exclusivity is premature and based on a limited sampling of psychological research.
Illusory intuitions: Challenging the claim of non-exclusivity
Authors: Simon J Handley, Omid Ghasemi, Michal Bialek
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2023)

Abstract A person who arrives at correct solutions via false premises is right and wrong simultaneously. Similarly, a person who generates “logical intuitions” through superficial heuristics can likewise be right and wrong at the same time. However, heuristics aren't guaranteed to deliver the logical solution, so the claim that system 1 can routinely produce the alleged system 2 response is unfounded.
Learning how to reason and deciding when to decide
Authors: Senne Braem, Leslie Held, Amitai Shenhav, Romy Frömer
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2023)

Abstract Research on human reasoning has both popularized and struggled with the idea that intuitive and deliberate thoughts stem from two different systems, raising the question how people switch between them. Inspired by research on cognitive control and conflict monitoring, we argue that detecting the need for further thought relies on an intuitive, context-sensitive process that is learned in itself.
Prospective study of an amino acid–based elemental diet in an eosinophilic gastritis and gastroenteritis nutrition trial
Authors: Nirmala Gonsalves, Bethany Doerfler, Angelika Zalewski, Guang-Yu Yang, Lisa J. Martin, Xue Zhang, Tetsuo Shoda, Michael Brusilovsky, Seema Aceves, Kathy Thompson, Amanda K. Rudman Spergel, Glenn Furuta, Marc E. Rothenberg, Ikuo Hirano
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2023)
Still “on the Fence” About Universal Childhood Lipid Screening
Authors: Sarah D. de Ferranti, Andrew E. Moran, Dhruv S. Kazi
Journal: JAMA (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Advancing theorizing about fast-and-slow thinking: The interplay between fast and slow processing
Authors: Rosa Angela Fabio, Tindara Caprì
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2023)

Abstract We agree with the author's working model, but we suggest that (a) the classical distinction between fast and slow processes as separable processes can be softened, and (b) human performance might result from an interplay between fast and slow processing and these processes may be mediated by systems that evolve to satisfy the need for operation in a complex environment.
Xylazine-Involved Fatal and Nonfatal Drug Overdoses in Tennessee From 2019 to 2022
Authors: Jessica Korona-Bailey, Edward Onyango, Kristi Frances Hall, Joshua Jayasundara, Sutapa Mukhopadhyay
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

This cross-sectional study examines the characteristics of overdoses and the potential association between drug seizures and fatal overdoses.
Why is system 1/system 2 switching affectively loaded?
Authors: Charlie Kurth
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2023)

Abstract Why are only some occasions of system 1 to system 2 switching affectively loaded? This commentary not only draws attention to this neglected phenomenon, but also shows how research in philosophy and the social and cognitive sciences sheds light on it, doing so in ways that may help answer some of the open questions that De Neys's paper highlights.