tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
<i>Notes From the Field:</i> Prevalence of Previous Dengue Virus Infection Among Children and Adolescents — U.S. Virgin Islands, 2022
Authors: Valerie V. Mac, Joshua M. Wong, Hannah R. Volkman, Janice Perez-Padilla, Brian Wakeman, Mark Delorey, Brad J. Biggerstaff, Anna Fagre, Annellie Gumbs, Aubrey Drummond, Brenae Zimmerman, Briana Lettsome, Freddy A. Medina, Gabriela Paz-Bailey, Marlon Lawrence, Brett Ellis, Hannah G. Rosenblum, Jamaal Carroll, Joseph Roth, Janelle Rossington, Jessica R. Meeker, Joy Joseph, Julia Janssen, Lisa Laplace Ekpo, Monifa Carrillo, Niurka Hernandez, Patricia Charles, Rafael Tosado, Raymond Soto, Shanice Battle, Stephen M. Bart, Valentine Wanga, Wilfredo Valentin, Winifred Powell, Zula Battiste, Esther M. Ellis, Laura E. Adams
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2023)
<i>Notes From the Field:</i> First Evidence of Locally Acquired Dengue Virus Infection — Maricopa County, Arizona, November 2022
Authors: Melissa Kretschmer, Jennifer Collins, Ariella P. Dale, Brenna Garrett, Lia Koski, Karen Zabel, R. Nicholas Staab, Katie Turnbow, Judah Nativio, Kelsey Andrews, William E. Smith, John Townsend, Nicole Busser, James Will, Kathryn Burr, Forrest K. Jones, Gilberto A. Santiago, Kelly A. Fitzpatrick, Irene Ruberto, Kathryn Fitzpatrick, Jessica R. White, Laura Adams, Rebecca H. Sunenshine
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2023)
Trends in Reported Babesiosis Cases — United States, 2011–2019
Authors: Megan Swanson, Amy Pickrel, John Williamson, Susan Montgomery
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2023)

Babesiosis is a tickborne disease caused by intraerythrocytic Babesia parasites. In the United States, most babesiosis cases are caused by Babesia microti, transmitted from bites of blacklegged ticks, Ixodes scapularis, in northeastern and midwestern states. Transmission can also occur through blood transfusions, transplantation of organs from infected donors, or congenital (mother-to-child) transmission (1). Babesia infection can be asymptomatic or cause mild to severe illness that can be fatal. Overall, U.S. tickborne disease cases have increased 25%, from 40,795 reported in 2011 to 50,856 in 2019 (2). Babesiosis trends were assessed in 10 states* where babesiosis was reportable during 2011-2019. Incidence increased significantly in Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Rhode Island, and Vermont (p<0.001), with the largest increases reported in Vermont (1,602%, from two to 34 cases), Maine (1,422%, from nine to 138), New Hampshire (372%, from 13 to 78), and Connecticut (338%, from 74 to 328). Unlike the other seven states, Maine, New Hampshire, and Vermont, were not included as states with endemic disease in previous CDC babesiosis surveillance summaries. These three states should now be considered to have endemic transmission comparable to that in other high-incidence states; they have consistently identified newly acquired cases every year during 2011-2019 and documented presence of Babesia microti in the associated tick vector (3). Because incidence in Northeastern states, including Maine, New Hampshire, and Vermont, is increasing, tick prevention messaging, provider education, and awareness of infection risk among travelers to these states should be emphasized.
Leveraging the ATP‐P2X7 receptor signalling axis to alleviate traumatic CNS damage and related complications
Authors: Yaling Yin, Linyu Wei, Emily A. Caseley, Osbaldo Lopez‐Charcas, Yingjuan Wei, Dongliang Li, Steve P. Muench, Sebastian Roger, Lu Wang, Lin‐Hua Jiang
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2023)

Abstract The P2X7 receptor is an exceptional member of the P2X purinergic receptor family, with its activation requiring high concentrations of extracellular adenosine 5ʹ‐triphosphate (ATP) that are often associated with tissue damage and inflammation. In the central nervous system (CNS), it is highly expressed in glial cells, particularly in microglia. In this review, we discuss the role and mechanisms of the P2X7 receptor in mediating neuroinflammation and other pathogenic events in a variety of traumatic CNS damage conditions, which lead to loss of neurological and cognitive functions. We raise the perspective on the steady progress in developing CNS‐penetrant P2X7 receptor‐specific antagonists that leverage the ATP‐P2X7 receptor signaling axis as a potential therapeutic strategy to alleviate traumatic CNS damage and related complications.
Perspectives on pain in Down syndrome
Authors: Ammara Shaikh, Yun‐Qing Li, Jie Lu
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2023)

Abstract Down syndrome (DS) or trisomy 21 is a genetic condition often accompanied by chronic pain caused by congenital abnormalities and/or conditions, such as osteoarthritis, recurrent infections, and leukemia. Although DS patients are more susceptible to chronic pain as compared to the general population, the pain experience in these individuals may vary, attributed to the heterogenous structural and functional differences in the central nervous system, which might result in abnormal pain sensory information transduction, transmission, modulation, and perception. We tried to elaborate on some key questions and possible explanations in this review. Further clarification of the mechanisms underlying such abnormal conditions induced by the structural and functional differences is needed to help pain management in DS patients.
Novel druggable mechanism of Parkinson's disease: Potential therapeutics and underlying pathogenesis based on ferroptosis
Authors: Xiaoying Jiang, Kaiyu Wu, Xiang‐Yang Ye, Tian Xie, Pengfei Zhang, Benjamin E. Blass, Renren Bai
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2023)

Genetics, age, environmental factors, and oxidative stress have all been implicated in the development of Parkinson's disease (PD); however, a complete understanding of its pathology remains elusive. At present, there is no cure for PD, and currently available therapeutics are insufficient to meet patient needs. Ferroptosis, a distinctive iron-dependent cell death mode characterized by lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress, has pathophysiological features similar to those of PD, including iron accumulation, reactive oxygen species-induced oxidative damage, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Ferroptosis has been identified as a specific pathway of neuronal death and is closely related to the pathogenesis of PD. Despite the similarities in the biological targets involved in PD pathogenesis and ferroptosis, the relationship between novel targets in PD and ferroptosis has been neglected in the literature. In this review, the mechanism of ferroptosis is discussed, and the potential therapeutic targets implicated in both PD and ferroptosis are compared. Furthermore, the anti-PD effects of several ferroptosis inhibitors, as well as clinical studies thereof, and the identification of novel lead compounds for the treatment of PD and the inhibition of ferroptosis are reviewed. It is hoped that this review can promote research to further elucidate the relationship between ferroptosis and PD and provide new strategies for the development of novel ferroptosis-targeting PD therapy.
School-Based Interventions to Increase Student COVID-19 Vaccination Coverage in Public School Populations with Low Coverage — Seattle, Washington, December 2021–June 2022
Authors: Tarayn Fairlie, Brian Chu, Ebony S. Thomas, Audrey K. Querns, Andie Lyons, Melissa Koziol, Janet A. Englund, Eric M. Anderson, Katherine Graff, Sara Rigel, Teal R. Bell, Sharon Saydah, Kevin Chatham-Stephens, Tara M. Vogt, Samara Hoag, Melissa Briggs-Hagen
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2023)

COVID-19 can lead to severe outcomes in children (1). Vaccination decreases risk for COVID-19 illness, severe disease, and death (2). On December 13, 2020, CDC recommended COVID-19 vaccination for persons aged ≥16 years, with expansion on May 12, 2021, to children and adolescents (children) aged 12-15 years, and on November 2, 2021, to children aged 5-11 years (3). As of March 8, 2023, COVID-19 vaccination coverage among school-aged children remained low nationwide, with 61.7% of children aged 12-17 years and approximately one third (32.7%) of those aged 5-11 years having completed the primary series (3). Intention to receive COVID-19 vaccine and vaccination coverage vary by demographic characteristics, including race and ethnicity and socioeconomic status (4-6). Seattle Public Schools (SPS) implemented a program to increase COVID-19 vaccination coverage during the 2021-22 school year, focusing on children aged 5-11 years during November 2021-June 2022, with an added focus on populations with low vaccine coverage during January 2022-June 2022.† The program included strategic messaging, school-located vaccination clinics, and school-led community engagement. Vaccination data from the Washington State Immunization Information System (WAIIS) were analyzed to examine disparities in COVID-19 vaccination by demographic and school characteristics and trends over time. In December 2021, 56.5% of all SPS students, 33.7% of children aged 5-11 years, and 81.3% of children aged 12-18 years had completed a COVID-19 primary vaccination series. By June 2022, overall series completion had increased to 80.3% and was 74.0% and 86.6% among children aged 5-11 years and 12-18 years, respectively. School-led vaccination programs can leverage community partnerships and relationships with families to improve COVID-19 vaccine access and coverage.
Dual-bionic regenerative microenvironment for peripheral nerve repair
Authors: Yanjun Guan, Zhiqi Ren, Boyao Yang, Wenjing Xu, Wenjun Wu, Xiangling Li, Tieyuan Zhang, Dongdong Li, Shengfeng Chen, Jun Bai, Xiangyu Song, Zhibo Jia, Xing Xiong, Songlin He, Chaochao Li, Fanqi Meng, Tong Wu, Jian Zhang, Xiuzhi Liu, Haoye Meng, Jiang Peng, Yu Wang
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2023)

Autologous nerve grafting serves is considered the gold standard treatment for peripheral nerve defects; however, limited availability and donor area destruction restrict its widespread clinical application. Although the performance of allogeneic decellularized nerve implants has been explored, challenges such as insufficient human donors have been a major drawback to its clinical use. Tissue-engineered neural regeneration materials have been developed over the years, and researchers have explored strategies to mimic the peripheral neural microenvironment during the design of nerve catheter grafts, namely the extracellular matrix (ECM), which includes mechanical, physical, and biochemical signals that support nerve regeneration. In this study, polycaprolactone/silk fibroin (PCL/SF)-aligned electrospun material was modified with ECM derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUMSCs), and a dual-bionic nerve regeneration material was successfully fabricated. The results indicated that the developed biomimetic material had excellent biological properties, providing sufficient anchorage for Schwann cells and subsequent axon regeneration and angiogenesis processes. Moreover, the dual-bionic material exerted a similar effect to that of autologous nerve transplantation in bridging peripheral nerve defects in rats. In conclusion, this study provides a new concept for designing neural regeneration materials, and the prepared dual-bionic repair materials have excellent auxiliary regenerative ability and further preclinical testing is warranted to evaluate its clinical application potential.
<scp>European Society of Cardiology quality indicators</scp> for the care and outcomes of adults with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Developed in collaboration with the <scp>Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology</scp>
Authors: Suleman Aktaa, Chris P. Gale, Margarita Brida, George Giannakoulas, Gabor Kovacs, Yochai Adir, Raymond L. Benza, Michael Böhm, Andrew Coats, Michele D'Alto, Pilar Escribano‐Subias, Pisana Ferrari, Nazzareno Galiè, J. Simon R. Gibbs, Wendy Gin‐Sing, Marius M. Hoeper, Marc Humbert, Irene M. Lang, Bradley A. Maron, Gergely Meszaros, Anton Vonk Noordegraaf, Laura C. Price, Joanna Pepke‐Zaba, Göran Rådegran, Abilio Reis, Olivier Sitbon, Adam Torbicki, Silvia Ulrich, Stephan Rosenkranz, Marion Delcroix
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2023)

To develop a suite of quality indicators (QIs) for the evaluation of the care and outcomes for adults with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). We followed the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) methodology for the development of QIs. This included (i) the identification of key domains of care for the management of PAH, (ii) the proposal of candidate QIs following systematic review of the literature, and (iii) the selection of a set of QIs using a modified Delphi method. The process was undertaken in parallel with the writing of the 2022 ESC/European Respiratory Society (ERS) guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension and involved the Task Force chairs, experts in PAH, Heart Failure Association (HFA) members and patient representatives. We identified five domains of care for patients with PAH: structural framework, diagnosis and risk stratification, initial treatment, follow-up, and outcomes. In total, 23 main and one secondary QIs for PAH were selected. This document presents the ESC QIs for PAH, describes their development process and offers scientific rationale for their selection. The indicators may be used to quantify and improve adherence to guideline-recommended clinical practice and improve patient outcomes.
Patient‐reported outcome measures and patient engagement in heart failure clinical trials: multi‐stakeholder perspectives
Authors: Faiez Zannad, Jacqueline Alikhaani, Sadegh Alikhaani, Javed Butler, Jason Gordon, Klaus Jensen, Rani Khatib, Lorenzo Mantovani, Robin Martinez, Wanda F. Moore, Masahiro Murakami, Lothar Roessig, Norman Stockbridge, Harriette G.C. Van Spall, Clyde Yancy, John A. Spertus
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2023)
Neuraminidase delivered as an APC-targeted DNA vaccine induces protective antibodies against influenza
Authors: Ina Charlotta Werninghaus, Daniëla Maria Hinke, Even Fossum, Bjarne Bogen, Ranveig Braathen
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2023)

Conventional influenza vaccines focus on hemagglutinin (HA). However, antibody responses to neuraminidase (NA) have been established as an independent correlate of protection. Here, we introduced the ectodomain of NA into DNA vaccines that, as translated dimeric vaccine proteins, target antigen-presenting cells (APCs). The targeting was mediated by an single-chain variable fragment specific for major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II, which is genetically linked to NA via a dimerization motif. A single immunization of BALB/c mice elicited strong and long-lasting NA-specific antibodies that inhibited NA enzymatic activity and reduced viral replication. Vaccine-induced NA immunity completely protected against a homologous influenza virus and out-competed NA immunity induced by a conventional inactivated virus vaccine. The protection was mainly mediated by antibodies, although NA-specific T cells also contributed. APC-targeting and antigen bivalency were crucial for vaccine efficacy. The APC-targeted vaccine was potent at low doses of DNA, indicating a dose-sparing effect. Similar results were obtained with NA vaccines that targeted different surface molecules on dendritic cells. Interestingly, the protective efficacy of NA as antigen compared favorably with HA and therefore ought to receive more attention in influenza vaccine research.
Spheromers reveal robust T cell responses to the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine and attenuated peripheral CD8+ T cell responses post SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Fei Gao, Vamsee Mallajosyula, Prabhu S. Arunachalam, Kattria van der Ploeg, Monali Manohar, Katharina Röltgen, Fan Yang, Oliver Wirz, Ramona Hoh, Emily Haraguchi, Ji-Yeun Lee, Richard Willis, Vasanthi Ramachandiran, Jiefu Li, Karan Raj Kathuria, Chunfeng Li, Alexandra S. Lee, Mihir M. Shah, Sayantani B. Sindher, Joseph Gonzalez, John D. Altman, Taia T. Wang, Scott D. Boyd, Bali Pulendran, Prasanna Jagannathan, Kari C. Nadeau, Mark.M. Davis
Journal: Immunity (2023)

T cells are a critical component of the response to SARS-CoV-2, but their kinetics after infection and vaccination are insufficiently understood. Using "spheromer" peptide-MHC multimer reagents, we analyzed healthy subjects receiving two doses of the Pfizer/BioNTech BNT162b2 vaccine. Vaccination resulted in robust spike-specific T cell responses for the dominant CD4
Increased meal-induced neurotensin response predicts successful maintenance of weight loss – Data from a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Annemette Overgaard Brethvad, Hannah Louise Zakariassen, Joachim Holt, Julie Rehné Lundgren, Alexander Jakobsen, Bolette Hartmann, Eva Winning Lehmann, Hannelouise Kissow, Jens Juul Holst, Sten Madsbad, Signe Sørensen Torekov, Birgitte Holst
Journal: Metabolism (2023)
Assembly of novel microbial genomes from gut metagenomes of rhesus macaque ( <i>Macaca mulatta</i> )
Authors: Shengzhi Yang, Zhenxin Fan, Jiawei Li, Xinqi Wang, Yue Lan, Bisong Yue, Miao He, Anyun Zhang, Jing Li
Journal: Gut Microbes (2023)

Rhesus macaque (RM, Macaca mulatta), as an important model animal, commonly suffers from chronic diarrheal disease, challenging the breeding of RMs. Gut microbiomes play key roles in maintaining intestinal health of RMs. However, it is still unclear about more features of gut microbiome as responsible for intestinal health of RMs. In this study, we performed de novo assembly of metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) based on fecal metagenomes from chronic diarrheal RMs and asymptomatic individuals. In total of 731 non-redundant MAGs with at least 80% completeness were reconstructed in this study. More than 97% MAGs were novel genomes compared with more than 250,000 reference genomes. MAGs of Campylobacter and Helicobacteraceae from RM guts mainly carried flagella-associated virulence genes and chemotaxis-associated virulence genes, which might mediate motility and adhesion of bacteria. Comparing to MAGs of Campylobacter from humans, distributions and functions of these MAGs of Campylobacter from RMs exhibited significant differences. Most members of Bacteroidota, Spirochaetota, Helicobacteraceae, Lactobacillaceae and Anaerovibrio significantly decreased in guts of chronic diarrhea RMs. More than 92% MAGs in this study were not contained in 2,985 MAGs previously reported from other 22 non-human primates (NHPs), expanding the microbial diversity in guts of NHPs. The distributions and functions of gut microbiome were prominently influenced by host phylogeny of NHPs. Our results could help to more clearly understand about the diversity and function of RMs gut microbiome.
Noninvasive assessment of liver disease severity in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes
Authors: Grazia Pennisi, Marco Enea, Vincenzo Falco, Guruprasad P. Aithal, Naaventhan Palaniyappan, Yusuf Yilmaz, Jerome Boursier, Christophe Cassinotto, Victor de Lédinghen, Wah Kheong Chan, Sanjiv Mahadeva, Peter Eddowes, Philip Newsome, Thomas Karlas, Johannes Wiegand, Vincent Wai-Sun Wong, Jörn M. Schattenberg, Christian Labenz, Won Kim, Myoung Seok Lee, Monica Lupsor-Platon, Jeremy F. L. Cobbold, Jian-Gao Fan, Feng Shen, Katharina Staufer, Michael Trauner, Rudolf Stauber, Atsushi Nakajima, Masato Yoneda, Elisabetta Bugianesi, Ramy Younes, Silvia Gaia, Ming-Hua Zheng, Calogero Cammà, Quentin M. Anstee, Ferenc E. Mózes, Michael Pavlides, Salvatore Petta
Journal: Hepatology (2023)

We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of simple, noninvasive tests (NITs) in NAFLD patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).
Expert Perspective: Management of the Psoriatic Arthritis Patient After Failure of One Anti‐TNF inhibitor
Authors: Ying‐Ying Leung, Arthur Kavanaugh, Christopher T. Ritchlin
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2023)

Disclosure Form Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Noncanonical Pyroptosis Triggered by <scp>Macrophage‐Derived</scp> Extracellular Vesicles in Chondrocytes Leading to Cartilage Catabolism in Osteoarthritis
Authors: Taku Ebata, Mohamad Alaa Terkawi, Keita Kitahara, Shunichi Yokota, Junki Shiota, Yoshio Nishida, Gen Matsumae, Hend Alhasan, Masanari Hamasaki, Kazutoshi Hontani, Tomohiro Shimizu, Daisuke Takahashi, Tsutomu Endo, Tomohiro Onodera, Ken Kadoya, Norimasa Iwasaki
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2023)

Objective The severity of osteoarthritis (OA) and cartilage degeneration is highly correlated with the development of synovitis, which is mediated by the activity of inflammatory macrophages. A better understanding of intercellular communication between inflammatory macrophages and chondrocytes should aid in the discovery of novel therapeutic targets. We undertook this study to explore the pathologic role of inflammatory macrophage extracellular vesicles (EVs) in cartilage degeneration. Methods Macrophages were stimulated by treatment with bacterial lipopolysaccharides to mimic the state of inflammatory macrophages, and the resulting EVs were harvested for chondrocyte stimulation in vitro and for intraarticular injection in a mouse model. The stimulated chondrocytes were further subjected to RNA‐sequencing analysis and other functional assays. The action of caspase 11 was disrupted in vitro using a specific small interfering RNA or wedelolactone, and in experimental murine OA models by intraarticular injection of wedelolactone. Results Stimulated chondrocytes exhibited a significant elevation in the expression of chondrocyte catabolic factors. Consistent with these results, RNA‐sequencing analyses of stimulated chondrocytes indicated that up‐regulated genes were mainly categorized into apoptotic process and tumor necrosis factor signaling pathways, which suggests the induction of apoptotic process. Moreover, these chondrocytes exhibited a significant elevation in the expression of pyroptosis‐related molecules that were correlated with the expression of chondrocyte catabolic factors. The disruption of caspase 11 significantly alleviated pyroptotic and catabolic processes in stimulated chondrocytes and pathologic changes in collagenase‐induced and joint instability–induced OA models. Conclusion Our results provide new insight into the pathologic mechanisms of OA and suggest that noncanonical pyroptosis in chondrocytes represents an attractive therapeutic target for treatment. image
Management of hepatocellular carcinoma in China: Seeking common grounds while reserving differences
Authors: Tian Yang, Ming-Da Wang, Xin-Fei Xu, Chao Li, Han Wu, Feng Shen
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2023)

See the Original "Clinical practice guidelines and real-life practice in hepatocellular carcinoma: A Chinese perspective" on page 206.