tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ethics consultants' recommendations for life-prolonging treatment of patients in a persistent vegetative state
Authors: E. Fox
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —Surprisingly little is known about the content of ethics consultants' recommendations. We chose to study this issue using hypothetical persistent vegetative state (PVS) cases. We addressed four questions: What recommendations do ethics consultants give regarding life-prolonging treatment (LPT) in PVS cases? To what degree is there consensus? What factors influence recommendations? Do recommendations conform to established guidelines? <h3>Design.</h3> —Questionnaire survey. Our questionnaire asked subjects what they would recommend for seven hypothetical vignettes involving a PVS patient that varied with respect to advance directives and family wishes. We also questioned subjects about demographic characteristics, ethics consultation experience, and personal preference for LPT in PVS. <h3>Subjects.</h3> —Attendees at an annual meeting of the Society for Bioethics Consultation (n=154). <h3>Results.</h3> —The response rate was 77%. Eighty-one percent of respondents were ethics committee members and 62% were ethics consultants. There was general agreement among respondents for only one of seven vignettes: in the case of a PVS patient whose advance directive and family agree that LPT be stopped, 93% recommended stopping all LPT. Responses to other vignettes varied considerably. Although patient wishes were an important factor influencing recommendations, none of the respondents adhered invariably to the patient's advance directive. Recommendations were also influenced by family wishes, resource allocation considerations, legal constraints, and personal preference for LPT in PVS. Guidelines we examined were generally too equivocal to be useful for evaluating ethics consultants' recommendations. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —The finding of wide variability in ethics consultants' recommendations suggests a need to clarify standards for ethics consultation. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1993;270:2578-2582)
Gastroduodenal posters 227-241
Authors: S Parry, J Barton, M Welfare, I Mohammed, L Cherkas, S Riley, T Spector, N Trudgill, S Lal, J Mclaughlin, G Giampaolo, G Dockray, A Varro, D Thompson, J Jones, D Kendall, P Millns, C Hawkey, S Dunlop, D Jenkins, R Spiller, L Gregory, L Yaguez, S Coen, E Amaro, S Smale, A Hobson, S Williams, Q Aziz, V Chudleigh, E Brennan, S Tarry, S Myers, S Lewis, G Smith, K Palmer, Z Khan, E Simpson, A Cole, I Macdonald, D Pye, A Austin, J Freeman
Journal: Gut (2002)

Introduction: Previous studies, many uncontrolled, suggest 4 to 32% of people develop irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) after ID.Little information is available on the development of other FGIDs after ID.Aim: To determine if patients with stool culture confirmed bacterial diarrhoea were more likely to develop gut symptoms consistent with a diagnosis of IBS, functional dyspepsia or functional diarrhoea at 3 and 6 month follow up compared with community controls.Methods: A prospective community-based case-control study over one year.Subjects with stool positive bacterial infectious diarrhoea and control subjects from the same primary care practice were invited to participate.The presence or not of IBS, functional dyspepsia or functional diarrhoea was diagnosed at the start and at follow up using self-complete Rome II modular questionnaires.The diagnosis of a baseline FGID excluded subjects from continuing.There were 128 cases and 219 community controls eligible and who consented to participate.Results: At follow up there was a higher incidence of FGIDs in the cases compared with controls, mainly due to a higher incidence of IBS (see table ).There was no difference in the incidence of functional dyspepsia between cases and controls.Conclusions: IBS and functional diarrhoea is diagnosed more frequently in people at three and six-month follow up after an episode of stool positive bacterial diarrhoea compared with community controls despite careful exclusion of people with pre-existing FGIDS and adds further support for the concept of post-infectious IBS.
Exposures to Acidic Aerosols
Authors: J. D. Spengler, G. J. Keeler, P. Koutrakis, P. B. Ryan, M. Raizenne, C. A. Franklin
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1989)

Ambient monitoring of acid aerosols in four U.S. cities and in a rural region of southern Ontario clearly show distinct periods of strong acidity. Measurements made in Kingston, TN, and Steubenville, OH, resulted in 24-hr H+ ion concentrations exceeding 100 nmole/m3 more than 10 times during summer months. Periods of elevated acidic aerosols occur less frequently in winter months. The H+ determined during episodic conditions in southern Ontario indicates that respiratory tract deposition can exceed the effects level reported in clinical studies. Observed 12-hr H+ concentrations exceeded 550 nmole/m3 (approximately 27 micrograms/m3 H2SO4). The maximum estimated 1-hr concentration exceeded 1500 nmole/m3 for H+ ions. At these concentrations, an active child might receive more than 2000 nmole of H+ ion in 12 hr and in excess of 900 nmole during the hour when H2SO4 exceeded 50 micrograms/m3.
Measurement of Children's Exposure to Pesticides: Analysis of Urinary Metabolite Levels in a Probability-Based Sample
Authors: John L. Adgate, Dana B. Barr, C. Andrew Clayton, Lynn E. Eberly, Natalie C. G. Freeman, Paul J. Lioy, Larry L. Needham, Edo D. Pellizzari, James J. Quackenboss, Amit Roy, Ken Sexton
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

The Minnesota Children's Pesticide Exposure Study is a probability-based sample of 102 children 3-13 years old who were monitored for commonly used pesticides. During the summer of 1997, first-morning-void urine samples (1-3 per child) were obtained for 88% of study children and analyzed for metabolites of insecticides and herbicides: carbamates and related compounds (1-NAP), atrazine (AM), malathion (MDA), and chlorpyrifos and related compounds (TCPy). TCPy was present in 93% of the samples, whereas 1-NAP, MDA, and AM were detected in 45%, 37%, and 2% of samples, respectively. Measured intrachild means ranged from 1.4 microg/L for MDA to 9.2 microg/L for TCPy, and there was considerable intrachild variability. For children providing three urine samples, geometric mean TCPy levels were greater than the detection limit in 98% of the samples, and nearly half the children had geometric mean 1-NAP and MDA levels greater than the detection limit. Interchild variability was significantly greater than intrachild variability for 1-NAP (p = 0.0037) and TCPy (p < 0.0001). The four metabolites measured were not correlated within urine samples, and children's metabolite levels did not vary systematically by sex, age, race, household income, or putative household pesticide use. On a log scale, mean TCPy levels were significantly higher in urban than in nonurban children (7.2 vs. 4.7 microg/L; p = 0.036). Weighted population mean concentrations were 3.9 [standard error (SE) = 0.7; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.5, 5.3] microg/L for 1-NAP, 1.7 (SE = 0.3; 95% CI, 1.1, 2.3) microg/L for MDA, and 9.6 (SE = 0.9; 95% CI, 7.8, 11) microg/L for TCPy. The weighted population results estimate the overall mean and variability of metabolite levels for more than 84,000 children in the census tracts sampled. Levels of 1-NAP were lower than reported adult reference range concentrations, whereas TCPy concentrations were substantially higher. Concentrations of MDA were detected more frequently and found at higher levels in children than in a recent nonprobability-based sample of adults. Overall, Minnesota children's TCPy and MDA levels were higher than in recent population-based studies of adults in the United States, but the relative magnitude of intraindividual variability was similar for adults and children.
Goddard's Gazette
Authors: E. J. H.
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1967)

Editorial Notes1 April 1967Goddard's GazetteE. J. H.E. J. H.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-66-4-814 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptSection 705 [375] of the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act says that "(a) The Secretary shall cause to be published . . . reports summarizing all judgments, decrees, and court orders . . . rendered under this Act. . . ." Further, "(b) The Secretary may also cause to be disseminated information regarding food, drugs, devices, or cosmetics . . . involving . . . imminent danger to health, or gross deception of the consumer."Under this authority, the Food and Drug Administration has started publication ofFDA Papers, a magazine with makeup and contents less austere than its title.... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1967Volume 66, Issue 4Page: 814-814KeywordsDeceptionDrug informationDrugsFoodFood and Drug Administration ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 April 1967 PDF downloadLoading ...
Medical Colleges and their Endowments.
Journal: JAMA (1884)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A randomized phase II study of sapacitabine in MDS refractory to hypomethylating agents.
Authors: G. Garcia-Manero, S. M. Luger, P. Venugopal, L. J. Maness, M. Wetzler, J. K. Altman, D. Claxton, S. A. Strickland, J. H. Chiao, H. Kantarjian
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

6528 Background: Sapacitabine is an orally administered nucleoside analogue which causes irreparable single-strand DNA breaks and induces G2 cell cycle arrest. We are conducting a multicenter, randomized phase II study to evaluate 3 dose regimens of this drug in older patients with MDS refractory to hypomethylating agents. The primary endpoint is 1-year survival. Secondary endpoints include the rate of CR, CRp, PR, CRi or hematological improvement (HI) and their durations. The study uses a selection design to identify a dose regimen which produces a better 1-year survival rate in the event that all three dose regimens are active. The planned sample size is 60 patients (20 patients in each arm). Methods: Eligible patients must be ≥ 60 years with intermediate-2 or higher-risk MDS previously treated with hypomethylating agents, ECOG 0-2, adequate renal and hepatic functions. Patients were randomized 1:1:1 to receive sapacitabine every 3-4 weeks at 200 mg b.i.d. x 7 days (Arm A), 300 mg b.i.d. x 7 days (Arm B), or 400 mg b.i.d. x 3 days per week x 2 weeks (Arm C). The number of cycles is not limited. Results: As of December 2009, 60 patients were treated and 57 had ≥ 30 days of follow-up. Mean follow-up was 153 days. Median age was 73 and 80% of patients were 70 years or older. Baseline bone marrow contained 5%-10% blasts in 28 patients (47%), 11%-20% blasts in 21 patients (35%) and 21%-30% blasts in 6 patients (10%). Median number of cycles was 2 and 27% of patients received ≥ 4 cycles. To date, 8 patients have responded (1 CR and 8 major HIs) with response rates of: 15% (Arm A), 25% (Arm B) and 5% (Arm C). Median time to response is 1-2 cycles (range 1-5). Four deaths occurred within 30 days of randomization and 1 death was considered to be possibly related to sapacitabine. Common adverse events (all grades, regardless of causality) included fatigue, nausea, diarrhea, constipation, abdominal pain, anorexia, peripheral edema, dyspnea, alopecia, febrile neutropenia, anemia, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia, most of which were mild to moderate. Conclusions: Sapacitabine appears to be safe across all 3 dose regimens. Based on interim data, the highest overall response rate was observed on the 7-day high dose regimen (Arm B). Updated data will be presented at the meeting. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Cyclacel Pharmaceuticals
Erythropoietin production in hepatocellular carcinoma cells associated with polycythemia: Immunohistochemical evidence
Authors: S Sakisaka
Journal: Hepatology (1993)

Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma sometimes have erythrocytosis and high plasma erythropoietin levels. However, previous studies have not revealed direct evidence that the carcinoma cells produce the erythropoietin. To address this question, we carried out light and electron microscopic immunohistochemical studies, using a human erythropoietin antibody to the liver in three male patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and erythrocytosis. α-Fetoprotein localization was also examined in serial liver sections by light microscopic immunohistochemistry with an antibody to α-fetoprotein. All three patients demonstrated high hemoglobin levels (16.7, 17.6 and 18.1 gm/dl) and high plasma erythropoietin levels (227, 266 and 280 mU/ml). In one patient the plasma erythropoietin level in the hepatic vein was significantly higher than that in the hepatic artery. The levels of plasma erythropoietin, as well as such tumor markers for hepatocellular carcinoma as serum α-fetoprotein and plasma des-γ-carboxyprothrombin, were significantly reduced after treatment with an anticancer drug, cisplatin. Light microscopic immunohistochemistry showed that erythropoietin was definitely present in the cytoplasm of the hepatocellular carcinoma cells, but not in normal hepatocytes around the carcinoma lesion or in other nonparenchymal cells such as vascular endothelial cells and Kupffer cells. In electron microscopic immunohistochemistry, reaction products for erythropoietin were revealed in the cisternae of the endoplasmic reticulum in the carcinoma cells, suggesting the production of erythropoietin by these cells. Light microscopic immunohistochemistry showed that α-fetoprotein was localized in the hepatocellular carcinoma cells that were erythropoietin positive in the serial sections. These findings indicated that hepatocellular carcinoma cells produced erythropoietin as well as α-fetoprotein in these cases, leading to the complication of erythrocytosis. (HEPATOLOGY 1993;18:1357–1362.)
Abstract 626: DNA damage responses in different cell types of nonproliferating human prostate tissue.
Authors: Taija M. af Hällström, Sari Jäämaa, Anna Sankila, Tuomas Mirtti, Ville Rantanen, Hannu Koistinen, Ulf-Håkan Stenman, Zhewei Zhang, Zhiming Yang, Angelo M. De Marzo, Kimmo Taari, Mirja Ruutu, Leif C. Andersson, Marikki Laiho
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract DNA damage response (DDR) pathways have been extensively studied in cancer cell lines and mouse models, but little is known about how DNA damage is recognized by different cell types in nonmalignant, slowly replicating human tissues. Here, we assess, using ex vivo cultures of human prostate tissue, DDR caused by cytotoxic drugs (camptothecin, doxorubicin, etoposide, and cisplatin) and ionizing radiation (IR) in the context of normal tissue architecture. Using specific markers for basal and luminal epithelial cells, we determine and quantify cell compartment-specific damage recognition. IR, doxorubicin, and etoposide induced the phosphorylation of H2A.X on Ser(139) (gH2AX) and DNA damage foci formation. Surprisingly, luminal epithelial cells lack the prominent gH2AX response after IR when compared with basal cells, although ATM phosphorylation on Ser(1981) and 53BP1 foci were clearly detectable in both cell types. The attenuated gH2AX response seems to result from low levels of total H2A.X in the luminal cells. Marked increase in p53, a downstream target of the activated ATM pathway, was detected only in response to camptothecin and doxorubicin. These findings emphasize the diversity of pathways activated by DNA damage in slowly replicating tissues and reveal an unexpected deviation in the prostate luminal compartment that may be relevant in prostate tumorigenesis. Detailed mapping of tissue and cell type differences in DDR will provide an outlook of relevant responses to therapeutic strategies. TSC model presented can also be used for functional genomic studies, cellular and tumor biology as well as for drug response testing. Citation Format: Taija M. af Hällström, Sari Jäämaa, Anna Sankila, Tuomas Mirtti, Ville Rantanen, Hannu Koistinen, Ulf-Håkan Stenman, Zhewei Zhang, Zhiming Yang, Angelo M. De Marzo, Kimmo Taari, Mirja Ruutu, Leif C. Andersson, Marikki Laiho. DNA damage responses in different cell types of nonproliferating human prostate tissue. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 626. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-626
Accuracy of Electronically Reported “Meaningful Use” Clinical Quality Measures
Authors: Lisa M. Kern, Rainu Kaushal
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2013)

LettersJuly 2, 2013Accuracy of Electronically Reported “Meaningful Use” Clinical Quality MeasuresLisa M. Kern, MD, MPH and Rainu Kaushal, MD, MPHLisa M. Kern, MD, MPHFrom Center for Healthcare Informatics and Policy, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York.Search for more papers by this author and Rainu Kaushal, MD, MPHFrom Center for Healthcare Informatics and Policy, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-159-1-201307020-00018 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We agree that interoperability standards are a critical component for improving the accuracy of quality reporting. We think that other important strategies for improving the accuracy of quality reporting include changing clinical workflow to facilitate documentation of the care provided, changing EHRs to create new structured fields for important variables previously captured only by free text, improving specifications for automated reporting of quality measures, and testing the accuracy of those specifications. These strategies do not need to be pursued in sequence; rather, they can and should be pursued concurrently. The accuracy of automated electronic reporting can be improved ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Center for Healthcare Informatics and Policy, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York.Disclosures: Disclosures can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=M12-1178. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoAccuracy of Electronically Reported “Meaningful Use” Clinical Quality Measures Lisa M. Kern , Sameer Malhotra , Yolanda Barrón , Jill Quaresimo , Rina Dhopeshwarkar , Michelle Pichardo , Alison M. Edwards , and Rainu Kaushal Accuracy of Electronically Reported “Meaningful Use” Clinical Quality Measures Robert H. Dolin Metrics July 2, 2013Volume 159, Issue 1Page: 73KeywordsHealth care ePublished: 2 July 2013 Issue Published: July 2, 2013 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2013 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
The Physician's Visiting List (Lindsay and Blakiston's) for 1901.
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Massachusetts Medical Society
Authors: John Figgis Jewett
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

COMMITTEE ON MATERNAL WELFARECongenital Heart Disease, with Pneumonitis, Atelectasis and Pulmonary EndarteritisA twenty-six-year-old gravida 3, para 2, who had just moved to Massachusetts first sought medical care at twenty-four weeks for exertional dyspnea since childhood and a slight cough with easy fatigability in the past several weeks.Her activities had been limited since birth because of severe kyphoscoliosis and congenital heart disease. The slightest exertion caused dyspnea and cyanosis. When she was born, her parents had been told that her life expectancy was ten or twelve years.At the age of twenty-four she gave birth to a 1.8-kg. . . .
Approaches to Improving Adherence to Antituberculosis Therapy
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal