tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Authors: George R. Huggins
Journal: JAMA (1992)

In keeping with the American fascination for using high-tech medical procedures, treatment of early cervical neoplasia typically follows the sequence of (1) Papanicolaou test, (2) colposcopy, (3) biopsy, and, finally, (4) laser therapy. The use of colposcopy and colposcopy-directed biopsy as a diagnostic approach to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) has eliminated the need for most cold-knife conizations of the cervix. The elimination of conizations has led to a significant decrease in hospitalization costs, a decrease in immediate operative morbidity, and elimination of potential harmful long-term effects of cervical stenosis on fertility. The majority of patients with CIN are women of reproductive age, and conservative management of these lesions is mandatory. Once a diagnosis of CIN is made, if the perimeters of the lesion can be visualized, most gynecologists will proceed with laser ablation of the cervix. Colposcopy-directed biopsies alone may fail to detect a significant number of lesions, including microinvasive
A Synopsis of Surgery.
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Error in Results Section of the Abstract
Authors: Chujun Wu, Dongsheng Fan
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2018)

Tejaswi Kandula, MBBS; Michelle Anne Farrar, MBBS, PhD; Richard J. Cohn, MBBCh; David Mizrahi, MSc; Kate Carey, PhD; Karen Johnston, RNMN; Matthew C. Kiernan, MBBS, PhD; Arun V. Krishnan, MBBS, PhD; Susanna B. Park, PhD
THE PROGNOSTIC UTILITY OF RISK FACTORS DEFINED BY THE AHA/ACCF EXPERT CONSENSUS STATEMENT ON THE EVALUATION OF CARDIAC DISEASE IN RENAL TRANSPLANTATION CANDIDATES
Authors: Ibtihaj Fughhi, Tania Campagnoli, Aviral Vij, Afiachukwu Onuegbu, Chiedozie Anokwute, Mohamad Hatahet, Michael Kharouta, Marwan Wassouf, Edward Rojas, George Khoudary, Andrew Appis, Rami Doukky, John H. Stroger
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Highlights
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2019)

Race and Income Disparities in Prescription of Opioids 469In this population-based study, Friedman and colleagues used data from California's prescription drug monitoring program to examine the degree to which differential exposure to opioids via the health care system by race/ethnicity and income could be driving the observed social gradient of the current opioid epidemic.Results showed that the race/ ethnicity and income pattern of opioid overdoses mirrored prescription rates, suggesting that differential exposure to opioids via the health care system may have induced the large, observed racial/ethnic gradient in the opioid epidemic.Adams and Giroir provide the Invited Commentary.Invited Commentary 476 Related Articles 574 and 576 Association of Ultraprocessed Food and Risk of Mortality 490Schnabel and colleagues performed this observational prospective cohort study of 44 551 French adults 45 years or older to assess the association between ultraprocessed foods consumption and all-cause mortality risk.Participants were selected from the French NutriNet-Santé Study and completed at least 1 set of 3 web-based 24-hour dietary records during their first 2 years of follow-up.Ultraprocessed foods were characterized as ready-to-eat or -heat formulations made mostly from ingredients usually combined with additives.After adjustment for a range of confounding factors, an increase in the proportion of ultraprocessed foods consumed was associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality.
Embryonic Sympathoma
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstracts of Online-Only Research Notes
Authors: A Gagneux-Brunon, J Timsit, A Lepape, P Berthelot, C Launes, J.-J Garc Ia-Garc Ia, M Triviño, N Peris, R Pallar Es, C Muñoz-Almagro
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2014)
High Prevalence of Growth Hormone Deficiency in Severe Fibromyalgia Syndromes
Authors: G. Cuatrecasas, M. J. Gonzalez, C. Alegre, G. Sesmilo, J. Fernandez-Solà, F. F. Casanueva, F. Garcia-Fructuoso, V. Poca-Dias, J. P. Izquierdo, M. Puig-Domingo
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2010)

Fibromyalgia (FM) is characterized by widespread pain and fatigue and is considered a syndrome with different pathogenic mechanisms. Controversial data on GH axis disturbances have been published. Some preliminary trials have shown promising effects of GH therapy on tender points and quality of life in FM. The aim was to study the patterns of GH secretion/sensitivity in a cohort of severe FM patients. The study was conducted in five tertiary hospitals. A total of 493 FM women (1990 American College of Rheumatology criteria) recruited from five centers, having more than 16 tender points, Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire scores above 75, more than 1 yr of stable medication (serotonin reuptake inhibitors, amitriptyline, and opioids), and body mass index below 30 kg/m2 underwent baseline IGF-I/GH determinations; an insulin tolerance test (ITT) and a modified IGF-I generation test were performed in those cases showing IGF-I of 150 mg/liter or less. A total of 169 of the 493 patients (34.2%) showed IGF-I of 150 mg/liter or less. Mean peak GH during ITT was 13.3 ± 9.9 ng/ml in 127 patients in which the test was performed. In 22 of 127 (17.3%), ITT peak GH was 5 mg/ml or less, and in eight of them (6.3%), the peak GH was 3 ng/ml or less. Mean baseline GH (n = 127) was 1.47 ± 2.58 ng/dl, and eight of 120 (6.8%) showed an insufficient IGF-I response (<50% over baseline) to the IGF-I generation test. FM patients show a high prevalence of GH axis dysfunction. A significant number of patients show biochemical patterns of GH deficiency as well as some degree of GH resistance and might be potential candidates for substitution treatment.
The Diagnosis and Treatment of Diseases of the Ear.
Journal: JAMA (1884)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hepatitis B antigen in urban-caught mosquitoes
Authors: S. J. Dick
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Two hundred fifty-one pools of mosquitoes were caught in 15 separate trap sites in parks of Essex County, New Jersey, and examined for the presence of hepatitis B antigen (HB Ag). Ten of the pools were HB Ag-positive. These were found at trap sites in parks adjacent to areas of high population density and low economic level, after periods of crowding over a weekend. Pools obtained from low population density, high socioeconomic areas were uniformly HB Ag-negative. The possible role of HB Ag-positive mosquitoes in transmission of viral hepatitis depends on the degree of mosquito infestation and the epidemiological characteristics of the human population involved. (<i>JAMA</i>229:1627-1629, 1974)
Editorial: Diagnosis and management of human rabies.
Journal: BMJ (1975)

Diagnosis and Management of Human RabiesRecently two patients died of rabies in London hospitals.Though both patients were infected abroad, this tragic coincidence has concentrated public attention on a problem which seems to threaten Britain now more than at any other time since the last important outbreak in 1918-22.The adequacy of quarantine regulations has been questioned.'An epizootic of fox rabies is spreading across France, animals are being smuggled into Britain, and our membership of the Common Market is likely to increase cross-Channel traffic of all kinds.So medical practitioners in this country may be increasingly concerned in the management of people bitten by potentially rabid animals while abroad and even in the early diagnosis of rabies encephalitis.In a timely article in this issue of the B.M.J. (p.740) Dr. L.Klenerman and colleagues rightly emphasize the risks of bites by imported laboratory animals and the need for a well- defined plan of action for dealing with such accidents.Proper treatment started soon after the bite can reduce the risk of developing rabies,2 3 but once the virus has reached the central nervous system and produced symptoms of the disease the outlook is virtually hopeless.The incubation period varies from 10 days to many years, but is usually one or two months.The illness starts gradually with a few days of non-specific prodromal symptoms including fever, headache, myalgia, chills, sore throat, respiratory and gastrointestinal upsets, insomnia, and anxiety and other psychological disturbances.
Temporary Distraction
Authors: Lori Levy
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Nephrology and bioethics
Authors: L. B. Berman
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Nephrology has been the battleground for some of the most bruising disputations ascribable to ethical ambiguities. Renal transplantation, for example, had to face the almost absurd question of who was dead—and thus eligible to be an organ donor—and who was not. Peace was declared only when death was redefined as brain death. We remember vividly the selection of patients who would receive dialysis at a time when there were few such facilities. Candidates were chosen by life-or-death committees until nephrologists rejected the concept of making such choices. The result was federal support of dialysis so that all might have access to it. Even this solution eventually brought back the original problem: the number of patients receiving dialysis treatment increased so rapidly that we again hear competing claims for limited resources. Thus, while problem solving is a pleasurable activity, one is soon confronted with new problems or exacerbations of old ones.
Abstract 1556: Esmolol As A Cardioplegic Agent; An Effect Beyond β-blockade
Authors: Hazem B Fallouh, Linda M McLatchie, Michael J Shattock, David J Chambers, Jonathan C Kentish
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Esmolol, an ultra-short-acting β-blocker, is used in the treatment of hypertension and arrhythmias. We and others have shown that millimolar doses of esmolol is cardioprotective, and acts as a cardioplegic agent in both human and animal hearts. In vivo, the β-blocking effect explains the cardioprotective action but the mechanism for esmolol-induced arrest in isolated hearts is unknown. This study characterises the mode of action by which esmolol causes diastolic arrest at millimolar doses. Isolated rat ventricular myocytes were superfused with buffered Tyrode solution and electrically stimulated. We measured myocyte contraction by sarcomere shortening (SS) and calcium transient (Ca tr ) by fluorescence microscopy using fura-2 (340/380 nm ratio). Additional studies of L-type calcium currents ( I Ca,L ) using whole-cell voltage-clamping were conducted. Esmolol (0.3 mmol/L) decreased myocyte SS by 72% from 0.16±0.01 μm to 0.04±0.01 μm (mean±SE, n=7; P &lt;&lt; med &gt; 0.0001). The corresponding Ca tr fell from 0.13±0.02 to 0.07±0.02 (P&lt;&lt;med&gt;0.001), a decrease of 47%. Inhibiting the SR with thapsigargan (1 μmol/L) did not alter the effect of esmolol: the SS (in an elevated bathing [Ca] of 7 mmol/L) decreased from 0.16±0.007 to 0.05±0.002 μm, a drop of 69% (n=7), and Ca tr fell from 0.12±0.006 to 0.06±0.003 (50% decrease). This suggested that high dose esmolol inhibits the L-type Ca channels; this was confirmed by voltage-clamp studies (Fig ). In separate studies on skinned myocytes, esmolol had no effect on myofilament sensitivity to calcium. We conclude that high doses of the β-blocker esmolol (that are already used in cardiac surgery) cause diastolic arrest by inhibiting L-type Ca channels.
A large food-borne outbreak of hepatitis A. Possible transmission via oropharyngeal secretions
Authors: B. S. Levy
Journal: JAMA (1975)

In Minneapolis, 107 cases of hepatitis A were identified and traced primarily to consumption of cold sandwiches served for lunch in a department store's popular basement restaurant. A sandwich-maker in the restaurant was the index patient. The date of onset of her illness and the dates of food consumption and onset of illness of infrequent restaurant patrons were consistent with accepted periods of infectivity and incubation for hepatitis A. Because the sandwich-maker frequently touched her hands to her mouth when she worked, and because we could not find evidence for fecal, airborne, or other modes of transmission, we believe that she may have contaminated food with infectious oropharyngeal secretions. The secondary attack rate was much lower among household contacts who received immune serum globulin than among those who had not. (<i>JAMA</i>234:289-294, 1975)
Amebiasis
Authors: Michael J. Schmerin
Journal: JAMA (1977)

During a five-year period at The New York Hospital,<i>Entamoeba histolytica</i>was identified in the stools of 20 men who had not traveled outside the New York area. All of these patients were found subsequently to be homosexual. During this same period amebiasis was diagnosed in 30 men who had traveled; only two were homosexual. Of ten patients with<i>E histolytica</i>infection seen during the first year of this study, none were homosexual whereas eight of 11 patients in the fifth year were homosexual, suggesting a gradual increase during this period of this disease in the homosexual community. (<i>JAMA</i>238:1386-1387, 1977)
The Quality of Care
Authors: Avedis Donabedian
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Before assessment can begin we must decide how quality is to be defined and that depends on whether one assesses only the performance of practitioners or also the contributions of patients and of the health care system; on how broadly health and responsibility for health are defined; on whether the maximally effective or optimally effective care is sought; and on whether individual or social preferences define the optimum. We also need detailed information about the causal linkages among the structural attributes of the settings in which care occurs, the processes of care, and the outcomes of care. Specifying the components or outcomes of care to be sampled, formulating the appropriate criteria and standards, and obtaining the necessary information are the steps that follow. Though we know much about assessing quality, much remains to be known. (<i>JAMA</i>1988;260:1743-1748)
Persistent urogenital membrane sinus as a clinical entity
Authors: R. E. Nesbitt
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Persistence of the urogenital membrane has been recently encountered in two young adult females who otherwise had normal external and internal genital development. The anomaly interfered with normal coital function, although not precluding a pregnancy. Since the entity can cause distressing clinical problems in the adult, there is need for early and periodic gynecological screening, beginning with the careful inspection of the external genitalia of all newborn infants.
PTU-068 Efficacy And Safety Of Granulocyte, Monocyte/macrophage Adsorptive Apheresis In Steroid-dependent Active Uc With Insufficient Response Or Intolerance To Immunosuppressants And/or Biological Therapies (the Art Trial): Week 12 Results
Authors: A Akbar, A Dignass, B Bonaz, P Premchand, S Subramanian, R Makins, D Baumgart
Journal: Gut (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Current medical options for patients with refractory steroid-dependent, chronic-active ulcerative colitis (UC) are limited. Immunosuppressants (IS) and biologics carry risks of severe side effects and patients may not respond. The efficacy of of Granulocyte, Monocyte/Macrophage adsorptive (GMA) apheresis with Adacolumn® is supported by an increasing number of randomised controlled trials. The present study intended to generate further data to document efficacy and identify subpopulations of refractory UC that may benefit from GMA apheresis. <h3>Methods</h3> This was an uncontrolled, open-label, multicenter trial conducted in the UK, France and Germany. Consecutive eligible patients (age &gt;18 &lt;75 years) with steroid-dependent active UC, a Rachmilewitz (CAI) index ≥6, an Endoscopic Activity Index (EAI) ≥4, and insufficient response or intolerance to IS and/or biologicals were included. Patients received at least 5 weekly GMA aphereses. Evaluation visits were planned at Week 12, 24 and 48. The primary endpoint was the remission rate (CAI ≤4) at Week 12 in the Intention-to-treat (ITT) population. <h3>Results</h3> We report interim results from the 12 Week visit. The ITT population comprised 84 enrolled and treated patients at cutoff date. At Week 12, 33 (39.3%) subjects had achieved remission. For 30 patients with prior failure of IS and/or biologicals, the remission rate was 30%. Secondary efficacy parameters were clinical response with reduction in CAI of ≥3 (47 or 55.9%), steroid-free remission (23%) and steroid-free response (36%). In remitters, EAI dropped from 8.2 to 4.4; in responders from 8.6 to 5.3. Quality of Life improved in parallel. Most subjects had Adverse Events (AEs) of mild or moderate intensity. Six (7.1%) of 85 subjects in the Safety Population experienced serious (SAEs), all in the treatment-emergent period; however none was considered related to study treatment. No new safety signals were seen. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This study describes a larger cohort of steroid-dependent moderate-severe active UC patients intolerant or refractory to IS and/or biologicals treated with GMA apheresis. Apheresis was safe and showed benefit in over half of these patients and remission in 39.3% at week 12. Leukocyte aphaeresis (Adacolumn) for IBD has been reviewed by NICE as suitable for carefully selected patients with IBD, and these results help define this sub-group. Further controlled studies are needed. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.