tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Inadvertently Induced Hypoglycemia
Authors: Dan Aderka
Journal: JAMA (1978)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Factitious hypoglycemia, induced by oral antidiabetic agents,<sup>1,2</sup>should be suspected in diabetic or psychiatric patients and in subjects who have diabetic relatives or work in medical institutions.<sup>3</sup> None of this was true in our patient, a 62-year-old housewife, who was admitted to our department because of unconsciousness. Her blood glucose level was 33 mg/dl. After intravenous (IV) administration of glucose, she promptly regained consciousness, and the blood glucose level rose to 96 mg/dl. The patient's past history was irrelevant, except for glaucoma, presently treated with acetazolamide (Diamox) and pilocarpine. Two days before admission the patient complained of an unusual weakness and vertigo; she became slightly confused and had a voracious appetite. A copious intake of sweet drinks and chocolate abated these symptoms. Six hours after admission, while receiving a 5% glucose infusion, the patient became noticeably confused. Her blood glucose level again dropped to 43
Corneal Transplantation
Authors: B C Weston, G L White
Journal: JAMA (1980)

APPROXIMATELY 10,000 corneal transplants are performed annually in the United States. Although the procedure, which is considered to be the most successful organ transplant, has been performed in the United States since the late 1930s, only in the last two decades has it been widely performed. The introduction of surgical needles 0.018 mm in diameter and monofilament nylon suture as small as 16 to 18 μm, the evolution of the surgical operating microscope, and advances in corneal preservation have all helped to make corneal transplantation an integral part of modern ophthalmology. <h3>What Is a Corneal Transplant?</h3> The procedure involves the replacement of the cornea, the normally clear front surface of the eye that is similar to the crystal of a watch. The normal diameter of the human cornea is 12 mm, and its thickness varies from 0.5 to 1.2 mm. The majority of transplants have diameters of 7 to 8
Localization of Acid Phosphatase Activity in Well-Differentiated Hepatocellular Carcinoma 146&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Edward Essner, Melvin D. Reuber
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1971)

The intracellular localization of acid phosphatase was studied in the well-differentiated, transplantable hepatocellular carcinoma 146, induced in the rat with N-2-fluorenyldiacetamide. Light microscopy showed staining in lysosomes and in rod-shaped structures that formed networks between clusters of lysosomes. Reaction product was localized by electron microscopy to the innermost Golgi saccule, dense body-type lysosomes, and unusual, smooth-surfaced cisternae associated with peroxisomes. The findings suggest that the Golgi saccule can transform directly into various forms of dense bodies. This may represent another pathway for degradation of secretory material. The localization of acid phosphatase in the Golgi apparatus of this tumor is discussed in relation to changes in other phosphatase localizations that have been described during transplantation and carcinogenesis.
Selected Papers on Hysteria and Other Psychoneuroses.
Journal: JAMA (1913)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Essentials of Infant Feeding and Paediatric Practice
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Outbreak of Acute Gastroenteritis Associated With Norwalk-Like Viruses Among British Military Personnel--Afghanistan, May 2002
Journal: JAMA (2002)

In the United States, Norwalk-like viruses (NLVs) cause an estimated 23 million episodes of illness, 50,000 hospitalizations, and 300 deaths each year. NLVs can be transmitted by fecally contaminated food and water and by direct person-to-person contact or through droplets of infected persons. Outbreaks of NLV-associated gastrointestinal illness are common in military settings. During May 13-19, 2002, a total of 29 British soldiers and staff of a field hospital in Afghanistan became acutely ill after a short incubation period with vomiting, diarrhea, and fever. This report summarizes the investigation of this outbreak and underscores the importance of the diagnostic capacity for NLVs.
The Newer Methods of Blood and Urine Chemistry.
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Massage and the Original Swedish Movements, their Application to Various Diseases of the Body.
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Mental Disease and Social Welfare
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Maternal and Child Health
Authors: P Ergenekon-Ozelci, N Elmaci, Meliksah Ertem, G Saka
Journal: BMJ (1943)

Background: A qualitative investigation and a population survey were conducted to explore the breastfeeding beliefs and practices of mothers who were forced to migrate from their original villages and were currently living in the slums of Diyarbakir in Turkey.Methods: Qualitative data collection on breastfeeding beliefs was conducted using in-depth interviews.In-depth interviews were tape-recorded.Quantitative data on breastfeeding practices were collected using a structured questionnaire.Results: Mothers generally have a positive attitude towards breastfeeding, but colostrum is usually perceived negatively.No woman was found to feed her infant exclusively by breastfeeding.Only 9.9% of mothers initiated breastfeeding within the first hour of birth.Forty per cent of mothers started solid foods before 4 months.Mother's education appeared as a significant factor influencing the introduction of colostrum to the newborn.Mothers with lower education generally believed that the colostrum should not be fed to the infant and that a pregnant woman's milk is unhealthy for the baby.There was also a belief that 'working under the sun' decreased the quality of milk of a mother.Conclusion: Cultural beliefs have a significant influence on breastfeeding practices.Some of these practices are potentially harmful to newborns.Health education programmes should address these beliefs and practices in culture sensitive ways.
Direct Antitumor Effect of High-Molecular-Weight Levan on Lewis Lung Carcinoma Cells in Mice&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Judith Leibovici, Genia Susskind Brudner, Moshe Wolman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1980)

The polysaccharide levan exerted a direct effect on Lewis lung carcinoma cells in vitro. Tumor cells incubated with levan showed a pronounced decrease in oncogenic properties when inoculated sc in the syngeneic hosts (C57BL mice). although the viability of cells as determined by the trypan blue exclusion test was not diminished. The effect of pretreatment of cells was additively enhanced by in vivo treatment of the inoculated mice with levan. Radiolabel incorporation into DNA, RNA, and protein was not affected in cells incubated with levan, but transport properties were selectively altered: Thymidine, uridine, and leucine transport was enhanced, whereas deoxyglucose transport was unchanged. The results indicated that levan exerted a direct antitumor effect on Lewis lung carcinoma cells in vitro.
Atlas of Otology Illustrating the Normal and Pathological Anatomy of the Temporal Bone.
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Clinical Tests of Gastric Secretion: History, Methodology and Interpretation.
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

This slim fascicle is an excellent summary and atlas of its subject, as would be expected by those who knew the first edition by Castleman alone, now long out of print.In addition to the valuable practical exposition there are interesting sections on the history of hyperpara- thyroidism and the possible functional cycle of parathyroid cells-the latter somewhat speculative.One may disagree with the authors on the emphasis on mitotic activity as the single most valuable point in diagnosing carcinoma, consider their restriction on the use of the term clear cell unnecessary, the description of colloid somewhat scrappy, and the treat- ment of tertiary hyperparathyroidism perfunctory.However, it is a book that all concerned with the practical manage- ment of hyperparathyroidism-physicians and surgeons as well as pathologistswill find invaluable.
A higher prevalence of onychomycosis in psoriatics compared with non-psoriatics: a multicentre study
Authors: A.K. GUPTA, C.W. LYNDE, H.C. JAIN, R.G. SIBBALD, B.E. ELEWSKI, C.R. DANIEL, G.N. WATTEEL, R.C. SUMMERBELL
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

There is some controversy about the prevalence of onychomycosis in patients with psoriasis compared to non‐psoriatics. We therefore measured the prevalence of toenail onychomycosis in psoriatics and non‐psoriatics attending dermatologists'offices. None of the patients had a referring diagnosis of onychomycosis. The prevalence of pedal onychomycosis in psoriatics (n = 561) was 13%. The odds of patients with psoriasis having onychomycosis was 56% greater than non‐ psoriatics of the same age and sex (P= 0·02). In the psoriatics, when the toenails were clinically abnormal, the prevalence of onychomycosis was 27%. The odds of developing onychomycosis increased with age (P < 0·0001) and the odds of men developing onychomycosis was 2·5 times that of women (P= 0·0001). The duration of psoriasis did not significantly affect the odds of developing onychomycosis. The fungal organisms recovered from psoriasis subjects with onychomycosis were similar to those in the normal population with onychomycosis (P = 0·58).
Highlights of This Issue
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

The concept of clinically meaningful outcome is very broad. This article makes that concept more specific. It focuses on OS as the primary indicator of patient benefit and develops a model based upon the four types of treatment effect identifiable in OS curves (hazard ratio, gains in median OS, proportional and absolute increases at long-term OS). Threshold levels for these four parameters were postulated and compared with the results of the pivotal phase III trials on new drugs with mature OS data. If the bar for the clinically meaningful outcome is raised too much, positive trials are exceptional.Activating mutations in BRAF are frequent in differentiated thyroid cancer and contribute to resistance to radioactive iodine. To explore the potential for BRAF inhibition to restore radioiodine uptake, Rothenberg and colleagues treated ten patients with iodine-refractory, BRAF-mutant thyroid cancer with dabrafenib. Just three weeks of treatment led to new radioactive iodine uptake in 6/10 patients, sufficient to warrant administering a treatment dose of radioactive iodine. This change in therapy led to dramatic tumor responses. These data suggest that radioiodine resensitization with dabrafenib can have substantial therapeutic efficacy and minimal toxicity.Great strides have been made in appropriately selecting patients to receive anti-EGFR therapies. Although KRAS status currently guides the use of these agents in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), additional biomarkers are needed urgently. In this article, gene expression of EGFR signaling pathway members from patients treated on CALGB80203, a randomized phase II trial of cetuximab versus chemotherapy in mCRC, demonstrated that gene expression of HER3 and CD73 were predictive of benefit in patients treated with cetuximab. These data implicate both HER3 signaling and immune modulation in cetuximab sensitivity and resistance.The development of new technologies for mutant allele detection and quantification allows reaching unprecedented precision and sensitivity. Nevertheless, the implication of minor mutant allele in clinical decision is poorly understood. In this article, Laurent-Puig and colleagues investigated the role of a low fraction of mutant KRAS alleles for response to anti-EGFR therapy in advanced colon cancer by picoliter digital droplet PCR. Their results showed that patients with a low fraction of KRAS mutant allele do benefit from anti-EGFR treatment and thus highlight the need for the definition of a clinically relevant threshold for treatment decisions.
Disorders of spermatogenesis in Finland
Authors: M. Joffe, J. Pajarinen, P. J Karhunen
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Gulf war illness Why it took so long to decide to investigateEditor-As it is now six years since the Gulf war, it is reasonable to ask why the problem of Gulf war syndrome has not been resolved. 1 As surgeon general in 1991-4 I want to comment on the unravelling timetable during these six years.At no time have we denied that Gulf veterans have been ill-indeed, whenever possible we have actively recommended their appropriate medical management.Secondly, despite press reports, we have always kept an open mind on the presence of a specific Gulf war syndrome.The Gulf conflict in 1990-1 itself was short, casualties mercifully few, and the sickness rates unremarkable; likewise, when troops returned to the UK the daily sickness rate did not increase.Also at that stage little evidence existed of psychiatric illness or post-traumatic stress syndrome.Some 18 to 24 months later, however, we became aware of a campaign by lawyers to recognise a specific Gulf illness.Up to 200 people were on their books, but despite widespread appeals for them to come forward, including two television appeals, only 15 approached the armed forces medical services.Not surprisingly, among these 15 no pattern of illness emerged.They were all managed appropriately.As we were keen to solve the problem, in October 1993 we appointed a single consultant physician, Group Captain Coker, to see all such patients.At first only a trickle of patients came forward-even by June 1994 (three and half years later) he had seen only 30 patients.Over the next two years, however, these numbers increased so that by January 1997, 1100 had been registered, 920 had been seen and fully investigated, and results had been completed and analysed in 519.A preliminary paper in the summer of 1996 concluded: "From our small database it would not appear that there is a unique cluster of symptoms which would suggest a new pattern of illness in veterans." 2 There was, however, a higher than normal incidence of psychiatric and stress related illness.A large battery of tests was uniformly performed on all the patients, with further investigations as necessary.Now it has been agreed that full epidemiological studies are to be undertaken into the incidence of ill health among UK Gulf war veterans and into their reproductive health.In answering the criticism that these expensive studies should have been instigated earlier, I have tried to show how difficult it has been to decide exactly when this decision could have been made.Early on there were very few patients and no evidence of a syndrome.At all stages we have liaised with our counterparts in the United States.They embarked a little earlier on similar studies as they had similar results to their investigations but dealt with greater numbers.An important reason for writing this letter is because our armed forces may well be placed in similar alien environments in future and we owe it to them to provide the best medical support, which of course includes planned protective and scientifically justified measures against likely threats to their health.
Hyperpigmentation in Thyrotoxicosis
Authors: Robert Miller
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The signs of thyrotoxicosis have been memorized by medical students for decades; however, changes in skin pigmentation seem to be frequently overlooked. In our experience, alterations in pigmentation have been a useful and interesting physical finding. Increases in pigmentation are often seen in exophthalmic goiter (Graves' disease) and may be either diffuse or chloasmal in nature. These skin changes can be seen in either exposed or unexposed areas but are rarely seen on the buccal mucosa, nipples, or genitals. The cause of the pigmentary changes is still speculative; however, it is known that the pigment is melanin. Tyrosine is an amino acid common to both melanin and thyroxine; and it is well established that patients with thyrotoxicosis have tyrosine intolerance with elevated serum tyrosine levels.<sup>1</sup> Many theories have been advanced to explain the phenomenon of hyperpigmentation such as elevated levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) or tyrosine,