PB1870: FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH OVERALL SURVIVAL IN ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA: RENEHOC REGISTRY STUDY.
Authors: Claudia Lucía Sossa, Virginia Abello, Humberto Martinez, Jheremy Enrique Reyes Castellanos, Guillermo Enrique Quintero Vega, William Armando Mantilla Duran, Kenny Galvez, Rigoberto Gómez Gutierrez, Henry Idrobo Quintero, Carmen Rosales, Mario Ernesto Correa Correa, Paola Andrea Guerrero Burbano, Lina Maria Gaviria Jaramillo, Isabel Munevar, Yazmin Borjas, Luis Antonio Salazar, Angela María Peña, Manuel Rosales, David Martinez-Cuadrón, Pau Montesinos, Manuel Sanz
Journal: HemaSphere (2023)

Topic: 4. Acute myeloid leukemia - Clinical Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous and aggressive myeloid malignancy. AML is characterized by a clonal proliferation of myeloid precursors with a reduced capacity to differentiate into more mature cellular elements. AML is considered the most common type of acute leukemia in adults, with a higher incidence in adults older than 65 years, with a mean age of 58 years (IQR: 38 – 72). Aims: The aim of this study was to determine factors associated with in acute myeloid leukemia in Colombia. Methods: RENEHOC is a bidirectional (retrospective and prospective) multicenter observational registry of hematological malignancies in Colombia. AML patients included from 2009 to February 2023 were analyzed on this report. The Kaplan-Meier estimator was used to calculate time-to-event variables and log-rank test to compare them. Results: From 2009 to February 2023, a total of 488 patients were included in the PETHEMA-RENEHOC AML registry, 50.2% were male, the mean age was 60 years (IQR: 41.5 -70), ECOG 0-1 (75%), secondary AML (sAML) (18.6%), FAB M2 classification (24.8%), abnormal cytogenetics (24.6%), intensive chemotherapy (IC) (61.1%), of which the most frequent regimen was IDA+Ara-C (77.2%). Of 347 patients with induction response, 57.5% were complete remission (CR), and 16.7% had induction mortality (IM). Stratifying by age, of patients aged ≥60 years old (age 60+), 53.76% were male, the mean age was 70 years (IQR: 60-98), ECOG ≥2 (39.04%) and sAML (24.9%). Regarding treatment schedule, 14.4% of patients received best supportive care (BSC) as therapy. Of the patients who received IC, 81.4% were in the age range 60-69 years, 54.6% were male, 44.7% had ECOG ≥2 and 83.3% were de novo AML (neo-AML), had CR 54.2% and 20.8% had IM. For sAML patients, median age was 66 years (IQR:46-88), 52.9% were male, 34.6% had ECOG ≥2 and 50% had normal cytogenetics; according to treatment schedule, 11.8% received BSC and 43.5% received IC. In the IC-treated group, the median age was 52 years (IQR: 22-77), 43.6% were male, 12.1% had ECOG ≥2, 41.4% had FAB M1/M2 subtype; 32.9% were myelodysplastic syndrome AML (MDS-AML) and 28% were therapy-related AML (t-AML), with predominance in females 40.7% and 69.6%, respectively. In those who received IC, 29.7% had IM and 54% had CR. In those who received non-intensive therapy, 41.4% had CR and 24.1% had IM. Of 141 patients who presented CR, 33.3% received Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT), the mean age was 35 years (IQR:28-48), 44.7% were male, 4.3% ECOG ≥2 and 83% were neo-AML. The overall survival (OS) was 22.86 % (95%CI 16.70 - 29.62) and median 8 months (95%CI 7-10). Finally, the 5-year OS of patients aged 60+ was 17.39% (95%CI 6.88 - 31.87), for sAML who received IC was 35.62% (95%CI 17.54 - 54.58), for MDS-AML patients was 4.95% (95%CI 0 - 20.21) and for patients who received HSCT was 63.26%, 95%CI 39.36 - 79.86 (Table1). Summary/Conclusion: This data shows that our Colombian population with AML have a higher risk of decreasing survival in the case being older than 60 years or having secondary AML treatment with non-intensive therapy or BSC, as well as not having received a transplant.Keywords: Acute myeloid leukemia, Survival