tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Physicians and dentists tell the CDC: 'avoid quick fix for a tough problem'
Authors: M. F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1991)

TESTIMONY from medical, dental, public health, labor, and advocacy groups, presented at a recent meeting to discuss the risk of physicians and dentists infecting their patients with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), overwhelmingly stressed the minuscule risk of the type of transmission that prompted two professional societies to call for fundamental practice changes. With the exception of representatives of the American Medical Association (AMA) and American Dental Association (ADA), and a Florida physician connected with the first dental patient to be infected, none of the speakers said their groups believed the proposed restrictions on practice to be necessary or useful. All found them to be misguided for a number of reasons. After hearing from nearly 100 speakers during the 2-day open meeting, the Centers for Disease Control's (CDC) director William F. Roper, MD, MPH, acknowledged that he had "not heard many people speak in favor of routine or mandatory testing"
Measles vaccine field trials in Alaska. 3. Two-year follow-up of inactivated vaccine followed by live, attenuated vaccine and of immune globulin with live, attenuated vaccine
Authors: J. A. Brody
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Measles vaccine field trials in remote Alaskan Eskimo communities were followed up after two years. In one village, administration of inactivated measles virus vaccine had been followed in five to seven weeks by live, attenuated measles virus vaccine. In the second village, live vaccine had been given with measles immune globulin. Natural measles appeared in both villages after vaccination. Following exposure to natural measles, antibody rises were noted primarily among subjects with low titers. Titer rise was more frequent among those who received inactivated vaccine plus live vaccine. Two years after vaccination, and in spite of the booster effect of natural measles, titers among those who received inactivated vaccine plus live vaccine had fallen to low or undetectable levels in more than half of the recipients (51 of 85), suggesting that this combination may not produce lasting protection. Geometric mean titers were highest after natural measles, intermediate after live vaccine plus immune globulin, and lowest after inactivated vaccine plus live vaccine.
The value of complete knowledge of acid-base derangement in pulmonary insufficiency
Authors: D. E. Dines
Journal: JAMA (1965)

The Astrup technique was used in the management of the acid-base abnormalities in four cases of pulmonary disease and in 20 cases of cor pulmonale in which arterial carbon dioxide pressure was increased, indicating severe respiratory acidosis. A complete knowledge of the acid-base alterations in pulmonary insufficiency is mandatory for the overall management of patients with pulmonary disease. The Astrup technique of determining acid-base alterations is dependable, rapid, and accurate.
Erratum for Research Article “Clec10a regulates mite-induced dermatitis” by Kazumasa Kanemaru, Emiko Noguchi, Satoko Tahara-Hanaoka, Seiya Mizuno, Hiroaki Tateno, Kaori Denda-Nagai, Tatsuro Irimura, Hiroshi Matsuda, Fumihiro Sugiyama, Satoru Takahashi, Kazuko Shibuya, Akira Shibuya
Journal: Science Immunology (2020)
Biomarkers of Leukemia Risk: Benzene as a Model
Authors: Martyn T. Smith, Luoping Zhang
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

Although relatively rare, leukemias place a considerable financial burden on society and cause psychologic trauma to many families.Leukemia is the most common cancer in children.The causes of leukemia in adults and children are largely unknown, but occupational and environmental factors are strongly suspected.Genetic predisposition may also play a major role.Our aim is to use molecular epidemiology and toxicology to find the causes of leukemia and develop biomarkers of leukemia risk.We have studied benzene as a model chemical leukemogen, and we have identified risk factors for susceptibility to benzene toxicity.Numerous studies have associated exposure to benzene with increased levels of chromosome aberrations in circulating lymphocytes of exposed workers.Increased levels of chromosome aberrations have, in turn, been correlated with a heightened risk of cancer, especially for hematologic malignancy, in two recent cohort studies in Europe.Conventional chromosome analysis is laborious, however, and requires highly trained personnel.Further, it lacks statistical power, as only a small number of cells can be examined.The recently developed fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)- based technologies have allowed the detection of specifiq chromosome aberrations.These techniques are far less time consuming and are more sensitive than classical chromosomal analysis.Because leukemias commonly show a variety of specific chromosome aberrations, detection of these aberrations by FISH and PCR in peripheral blood may provide improved biomarkers of leukemia risk.
Data Error
Authors: Richard Klasco, Lewis Glinert
Journal: JAMA (2017)

andthe appearance of quantitation inherent in an alphanumeric rating system may convey the impression of an action that is thoroughly evidence-based and ought to be performed, despite any number of layers of equivocation that might be deployed as a hedge against that impression.To risk a tautology, we advocate that guidelines provide guidance.The National Academy of Medicine (formerly the Institute of Medicine) confronted this issue directly 27 years ago in its initial 1990 report on practice guidelines: "When the evidence is extremely strong and professional judgment is virtually unanimous, the guideline may be treated as a standard of practice permitting few if any exceptions.When the evidence is equivocal, the guideline may only identify currently acceptable practice options." 1 We agree that the use of clinical practice guidelines for inculpatory purposes strays from the intent of the framers.Practice guidelines afford opportunity for extraction of divergent statements that, when used selectively to infer a standard of care in a court of law, may be construed as supporting conclusions that are frankly incorrect.Intermediate-grade recommendations are particularly prone to such interpretations, as they appear to lend support to actions that may only be applicable to a minority of patients.We think that it is best for clinical guidelines to call out uncertainty explicitly when it exists and to deem such recommendations as the purview of the treating physician in the exercise of his or her clinical judgment.Although practice guidelines were conceived to bring rigor to clinical judgment, it would be a mistake to conclude that the current body of scientific knowledge is sufficient to govern clinical practice in areas of sparse or conflicting evidence.
PHYSICIANS CAN HAVE BUT ONE SATISFACTION.
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
NCI Monographs No. 8 Smokeless Tobacco Use in the United States
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1989)

Journal Article NCI Monographs No. 8 Smokeless Tobacco Use in the United States Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 81, Issue 21, 1 November 1989, Page 1678, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/81.21.1678 Published: 01 November 1989
Continuing Education Courses for Physicians
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Appraisal of IgM Kappa/IgM Lambda Variations Using HevyLite® After Rituximab As Consolidation Therapy in Patients with Waldenström's Macroglobulinemia
Authors: Jean-Richard Eveillard, Achouak Achour, Françoise N'Go Sack, Adrian Tempescul, Ronan LE Calloc'h, Anaïg Dagorne, Annie Pietrantuono, Daniel Chauvet, Boutahar Bendaoud, Christian Berthou, Sophie Hillion, Yves Renaudineau
Journal: Blood (2012)
No single illness explains pattern of symptoms in Gulf war veterans
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Nicotine nasal spray with patch is effective in stopping smoking On p 285 Blondal et al evaluate the efficacy of using a nicotine patch for 5 months with a nicotine spray for 1 year in stopping smoking.After 1 year, 27% of participants using the combined treatment were abstinent compared with 11% in the patch only group.Having access to nicotine in the nasal spray probably alleviated smoking urges.Five years after stopping treatment the difference in abstinence rates was double, emphasising the benefits of the combined treatment.
A
Authors: Howard Spiro
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Arthur Frank, a sociologist, within two years suffered from both a "heart attack" (ventricular tachycardia from myocarditis) and a seminoma. In the currently popular genre of pathography, which has been likened to 17th-century accounts of religious conversion (I was a sinner but now I am saved; I was sick but this is what I have learned), he has written an account that should be widely read, at the very least by all oncologists. He reminds us doctors of much that custom has blinded us to: You don't fight a heart attack; you have a heart attack, but you fight cancer. You don't talk about a heart attack as "ha," but you do disguise cancer as "ca." That may be in part because cancer transfigures you in a way that a heart attack does not. You are forever a cancer patient, even if you have recovered. Like the sociologist Robert Murphy
Journal of Health Psychology
Authors: Joann Difede
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Health Psychology Complementing both the American Psychological Association's<i>Health Psychology</i>and the British Psychological Society's<i>British Journal of Health Psychology</i>, this journal aims to be the international journal of health psychology and behavioral medicine. To this end, the editorial board represents an impressive 19 countries. Although authors in the first three issues were overwhelmingly from the United States, with the United Kingdom coming in second, this pattern probably reflects the current loci of interest. An editorial indicates that subjects to be covered include clinical, cross-cultural, and social psychology, medicine, epidemiology, public health, anthropology, sociology, social policy, health education, and health communication. Topics in the first three issues included pregnancy, human immunodeficiency virus, cancer, and cardiovascular disease, as well as less frequently addressed issues, such as family health promotion and health communication. Equal weight was given to theoretical, empirical, and public policy articles. Some articles address the ideas widely explored in
The 'Medicaidization' of AIDS
Authors: Jesse Green
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Among patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who were hospitalized in New York City, San Francisco, Calif, and Los Angeles, Calif, from 1983 through 1988, we observed a marked shift in the payer distribution toward Medicaid and away from private insurance. This trend, which we refer to as the "Medicaidization" of AIDS, occurred among whites as well as blacks and Hispanics and increased the burden on public hospitals and emergency rooms. "Medicaidization" jeopardizes access to office-based primary care because of very low reimbursement rates that are paid to physicians by Medicaid relative to private insurance. Policies designed to prevent the loss of employment-based private insurance would slow or reverse the trend to public financing. Increasing Medicaid reimbursement will improve access to care. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;264:1261-1266)
The TPA controversy and the drug approval process. The view of the Cardiovascular and Renal Drugs Advisory Committee
Authors: P. R. Kowey
Journal: JAMA (1988)

SEVERAL months ago, our panel considered two applications submitted to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the approval of thrombolytic agents for treatment of patients with acute myocardial infarction. One of these was intravenous (IV) streptokinase and the other was IV recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA). We recommended approval of IV streptokinase and postponement of approval of IV rt-PA. There followed considerable public debate in which we were accused of "deciding to sacrifice thousands of American lives on an altar of pedantry" (<i>The Wall Street Journal</i>, June 2,1987). In essence, many observers opined that we had elected to debate picayune, unsolvable issues rather than make an important and lifesaving therapy available to the American public. Editorialists demanded that FDA Commissioner Frank Young repudiate the panel's suggestion and grant immediate approval of rt-PA. In response to one of the editorials in the lay press, we attempted to explain the issues
Zinnia Bouquet
Authors: M. Therese Southgate
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pleural Macrophage Recruitment and Activation in Asbestos-Induced Pleural Injury
Authors: Nonghoon Choe, Shogo Tanaka, Weijia Xia, David R. Hemenway, Victor L. Roggli, Elliott Kagan
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

The pathogenesis of asbestos-induced pleural fibrosis is poorly understood.Moreover, there has been a long-standing controversy regarding the relative potential of different commercial types of asbestos to cause pleural disease.We postulated that inhaled asbestos fibers translocate to the pleural space where they stimulate the recruitment and activation of pleural macrophages.To test this hypothesis, and to determine whether there are differences between inhaled amphibole and serpentine asbestos, Fischer 344 rats were exposed by intermittent inhalation (6 hr/day for 5 days/week over 2 weeks) to either National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) crocidolite (average concentration 7.55 mg/m3) or NIEHS chrysotile fibers (average concentration 8.51 mg/m3).Comparisons were made with sham-exposed rats.The rats were sacrificed at 1 and 6 weeks after the cessation of exposure.More pleural macrophages were recovered at 1 and 6 weeks after crocidolite and chrysotile exposure than after sham exposure.Small numbers of crocidolite fibers (approximately 1 per 4000 cells) were detected in the pleural cell pellet of one crocidolite-exposed rat by scanning electron microscopy.Pleural macrophage supernatants were assayed for production of nitric oxide (NO) (by the Griess reaction) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-x) (by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method).Significantly greater amounts of NO as well as TNF-a were generated by pleural macrophages at 1 and 6 weeks after either crocidolite or chrysotile inhalation than after sham exposure.Conceivably, translocation of asbestos fibers to the pleural space may provide a stimulus for persistent pleural space inflammation, cytokine production, and the generation of toxic oxygen and nitrogen radicals.Enhanced cytokine secretion within the pleural space may in turn upregulate adhesion molecule expression and the synthesis of extracellular matrix constituents by pleural mesothelial cells.Thus, our findings may have significance for the development of asbestos-induced pleural injury.
Physiological Bases for New Approaches to Mechanical Ventilation
Authors: A. Saari
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (1984)

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), emerged in China in December 2019 and quickly spread around the globe, killing more than 4 million people and causing a severe economic crisis. ...Read More
METHAMINODIAZOPOXIDE
Authors: Neville Murray
Journal: JAMA (1960)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In reference to the article by Harris, "Methaminodiazopoxide," inThe Journal, March 12, page 1162, I wish to report the incidents of unpredicted side-effects in a study carried out on 68 drivers taking methaminodiazopoxide (Librium) in adjusted maintenance doses ranging from 10 to 100 mg. daily. In a 90-day period, 10 minor and 6 major road accidents occurred in this group, a tenfold increase on projected statistics provided by the highway department. These accidents were not primarily due to spinocerebellar dysfunction but appeared to be evidence of change in driving habits resulting from psychological effects of this substance in liberating aggressive, euphoric, or underlying self-destructive tendencies. In addition numerous falls, dropping of objects, and laceration of hands with sharp objects were reported in this study of 116 patients. Three falls caused fracture of bony structure: one broken femur in a woman aged 51 years, a fractured external
Abstract 501: Function of Connexin30.2 and Connexin40 in AV-Nodal Conduction
Authors: Jan W Schrickel, Maria Kreuzberg, Alexander Ghanem, Clemens Troatz, Klaus Tiemann, Georg Nickenig, Klaus Willecke, Thorsten Lewalter
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Objective: Connexin30.2 (Cx30.2) and Connexin40 (Cx40) have been shown to be major components of the gap-junctions murine AV-nodal tissue. Cx30.2 has been shown to contribute to physiological conduction slowing of the AV-node but functional interactions of Cx30.2 and fast conducting connexins like Cx40 in the AV-node remaines unclear. Methods: 18 wildtype-(WT), 10 Cx30.2-deficient (Cx30.2−/−), 6 Cx40-deficient (Cx40−/−) and 10 Cx30.2/Cx40 double-deficient (Cx30.2/Cx40−/−) mice were in vivo electrophysiologically investigated using transvenous right cardiac catheterization. Results: Independent from a tendency towards P-wave prolongation in Cx40−/− and Cx30.2/Cx40−/− mice, PQ was significantly shorter in Cx30.2 (35.7±3.4 ms) as compared to all other investigated groups (WT: 46.6±4.0 ms; Cx40−/−: 50.8±6.2 ms; Cx30.2/Cx40−/−: 51.6±5.1 ms; p&lt;0.0001). Accelerated AV-conduction was attributable to a significant faster supra-Hisian conductivity with shortened AH-intervals in Cx30.2−/− (28.2±4.3 ms vs. WT: 35.9±4.4 ms; Cx40−/−: 35.8±1.9 ms; Cx30.2/Cx40−/−: 37.3±5.5 ms, p&lt;0.0001). A significantly lower Wenckebach-periodicity was present in Cx30.2−/− (basal stimulation cycle-length S1S1: 79.7±7.2 ms), but not in Cx30.2/Cx40−/−(81.5±6.7 ms; p&lt;0.001) compared to the other groups. The HV-Interval was prolonged in Cx40−/− compared to WT and Cx30.2−/− as an indicator for impaired infra-Hisian conductivity. As a result, QRS was prolonged in Cx40−/− (21.3±2.7 ms) and Cx30.2/Cx40−/−(19.9±2.4 ms) compared WT (12.9±1.9 ms) and Cx30.2−/− (14.2±2.0 ms; p&lt;0.0001). Conclusions: Thefact that no acceleration of AV-nodal conduction is present in Cx30.2/Cx40−/− compared to Cx30.2−/− implicates that the presence of fast conducting Cx40 is essential for faster impulse propagation in Cx30.2−/−. This study strongly points towards functional interactions of Cx40 and slow conducting Cx30.2 in the murine AV-node. The conductive properties of the AV-node under physiological conditions and in pathological states (such as hereditary AV-blocks and AV-nodal reentrant tachycardia) might therefore be mediated by a differential expression or activation of such interacting connexins.
Kaposi's sarcoma, vascular permeability, and scientific integrity
Authors: M. H. Witte
Journal: JAMA (1994)

On March 13,1992, Nakamura et al published an article in the journal<i>Science</i>reporting that sulfated polysaccharide peptidoglycan (SP-PG) inhibited the growth and vascular hyperpermeability characteristics of Kaposi's sarcoma— related cells and lesions in nude mice. While examining their key composite Fig 3, A through E, and related Table 2, we were surprised by several photographic features and other irregularities in the figures, which we explored further through a series of experiments. We were unable to confirm some of the pivotal findings. We communicated our concerns to<i>Science</i>but our letter was rejected. After submission of additional analysis, the matter was reopened by<i>Science</i>, but again our correspondence was rejected. Despite extensive review, the salient points raised in our initial correspondence remain unanswered or only tangentially addressed. The original conclusions by Nakamura et al are still not only highly dubious, but the validity of the peer review process and self-correcting nature of scientific inquiry are also called into question. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1994;271:1769-1771)