tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Simplified α2-macroglobulin as a TNF-α inhibitor for inflammation alleviation in osteoarthritis and myocardial infarction therapy
Authors: Weiwei Zheng, Tong Zhou, Yuxiang Zhang, Jie Ding, Jieqi Xie, Shuqin Wang, Zhaoyi Wang, Kai Wang, Liyin Shen, Yang Zhu, Changyou Gao
Journal: Biomaterials (2023)
Regulation of VKORC1L1 is critical for p53-mediated tumor suppression through vitamin K metabolism
Authors: Xin Yang, Zhe Wang, Fereshteh Zandkarimi, Yanqing Liu, Shoufu Duan, Zhiming Li, Ning Kon, Zhiguo Zhang, Xuejun Jiang, Brent R. Stockwell, Wei Gu
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2023)
Potential biomarkers: Predicting post-treatment viral rebound in rhesus macaques
Authors: Chenbo Yang, Jing Xue
Journal: Cell Reports Medicine (2023)

In this issue of <i>Cell Reports Medicine</i>, Aid and colleagues define peripheral blood biomarkers, which predict viral rebound after antiretroviral therapy (ART) discontinuation in SIV-infected rhesus macaques treated early with ART, providing insights into potential HIV cure strategies.<sup>1</sup>
Multifunctional 3D-printed scaffolds eradiate orthotopic osteosarcoma and promote osteogenesis via microwave thermo-chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy
Authors: Limin Ma, Jielong Zhou, Qiong Wu, Guowen Luo, Manzhi Zhao, Guoqing Zhong, Yufeng Zheng, Xianwei Meng, Shi Cheng, Yu Zhang
Journal: Biomaterials (2023)
CDDSA: Contrastive domain disentanglement and style augmentation for generalizable medical image segmentation
Authors: Ran Gu, Guotai Wang, Jiangshan Lu, Jingyang Zhang, Wenhui Lei, Yinan Chen, Wenjun Liao, Shichuan Zhang, Kang Li, Dimitris N. Metaxas, Shaoting Zhang
Journal: Medical Image Analysis (2023)
Poly Ethylene Glycol (PEG)‐Based Hydrogels for Drug Delivery in Cancer Therapy: A Comprehensive Review (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 18/2023)
Authors: Zihan Wang, Qinzhou Ye, Sheng Yu, Behnam Akhavan
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Drug Delivery Systems The systematic review in article 2300105 by Behnam Akhavan and co-workers examines poly ethylene glycol (PEG)-based hydrogels for cancer drug delivery, emphasizing the design criteria for on-demand drug release in response to stimuli. The article sheds light on the important design factors governing the controlled release of anti-cancer drugs from PEG hydrogels, considering various stimuli. The commercial viability of these hydrogels and critical limitations that need to be addressed for their successful clinical translation are discussed.
Enzyme‐Triggered <scp>l</scp>‐<i>α</i>/<scp>d</scp>‐Peptide Hydrogels as a Long‐Acting Injectable Platform for Systemic Delivery of HIV/AIDS Drugs (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 18/2023)
Authors: Sophie M. Coulter, Sreekanth Pentlavalli, Lalitkumar K. Vora, Yuming An, Emily R. Cross, Ke Peng, Kate McAulay, Ralf Schweins, Ryan F. Donnelly, Helen O. McCarthy, Garry Laverty
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

HIV/AIDS Drugs In article 2203198, Garry Laverty and co-workers develop a long-acting injectable drug delivery implant composed of a short peptide sequence attached to the HIV/AIDS drug zidovudine. Upon injection, this aqueous solution-based formulation rapidly forms a drug-releasing hydrogel implant in response to phosphatase enzymes present within the skin space. Clinically relevant concentrations of zidovudine were delivered to rat models for 35 days, outlining the promise of this platform to improve patient adherence to HIV/AIDS drugs.
Fast and low-dose medical imaging generation empowered by hybrid deep-learning and iterative reconstruction
Authors: Shu Liao, Zhanhao Mo, Mengsu Zeng, Jiaojiao Wu, Yuning Gu, Guobin Li, Guotao Quan, Yang Lv, Lin Liu, Chun Yang, Xinglie Wang, Xiaoqian Huang, Yang Zhang, Wenjing Cao, Yun Dong, Ying Wei, Qing Zhou, Yongqin Xiao, Yiqiang Zhan, Xiang Sean Zhou, Feng Shi, Dinggang Shen
Journal: Cell Reports Medicine (2023)

Fast and low-dose reconstructions of medical images are highly desired in clinical routines. We propose a hybrid deep-learning and iterative reconstruction (hybrid DL-IR) framework and apply it for fast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), fast positron emission tomography (PET), and low-dose computed tomography (CT) image generation tasks. First, in a retrospective MRI study (6,066 cases), we demonstrate its capability of handling 3- to 10-fold under-sampled MR data, enabling organ-level coverage with only 10- to 100-s scan time; second, a low-dose CT study (142 cases) shows that our framework can successfully alleviate the noise and streak artifacts in scans performed with only 10% radiation dose (0.61 mGy); and last, a fast whole-body PET study (131 cases) allows us to faithfully reconstruct tumor-induced lesions, including small ones (<4 mm), from 2- to 4-fold-accelerated PET acquisition (30–60 s/bp). This study offers a promising avenue for accurate and high-quality image reconstruction with broad clinical value.
New insights about immune populations in gastrointestinal GvHD
Authors: Eiko Hayase, Robert R. Jenq
Journal: Cell Reports Medicine (2023)

Jarosch et al.<sup>1</sup> have deeply characterized immune cell infiltrates in gastrointestinal (GI) biopsies from individuals with GI graft-versus-host disease (GI-GvHD) using single-cell RNA sequencing and ChipCytometry. Individuals with severe GI-GvHD demonstrated increased clonally expanded cytotoxic CD8 T cells in GI biopsies.
The XOR-IDH3α axis controls macrophage polarization in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Yijun Lu, Qikai Sun, Qifei Guan, Zechuan Zhang, Qifeng He, Jianbo He, Zetao Ji, Wenfang Tian, Xiaoliang Xu, Yang Liu, Yin Yin, Chang Zheng, Senlin Lian, Bing Xu, Pin Wang, Runqiu Jiang, Beicheng Sun
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2023)
Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy with or without immunotherapy for early-stage or isolated lung parenchymal recurrent node-negative non-small-cell lung cancer: an open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial
Authors: Joe Y Chang, Steven H Lin, Wenli Dong, Zhongxing Liao, Saumil J Gandhi, Carl M Gay, Jianjun Zhang, Stephen G Chun, Yasir Y Elamin, Frank V Fossella, George Blumenschein, Tina Cascone, Xiuning Le, Jenny V Pozadzides, Anne Tsao, Vivek Verma, James W Welsh, Aileen B Chen, Mehmet Altan, Reza J Mehran, Ara A Vaporciyan, Stephen G Swisher, Peter A Balter, Junya Fujimoto, Ignacio I Wistuba, Lei Feng, J Jack Lee, John V Heymach
Journal: The Lancet (2023)
Accuracy of spleen stiffness measurement for the diagnosis of clinically significant portal hypertension in patients with compensated advanced chronic liver disease: a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis
Authors: Elton Dajti, Federico Ravaioli, Romanas Zykus, Pierre-Emmanuel Rautou, Laure Elkrief, Ivica Grgurevic, Horia Stefanescu, Masashi Hirooka, Mirella Fraquelli, Matteo Rosselli, Pik Eu Jason Chang, Fabio Piscaglia, Thomas Reiberger, Elba Llop, Sebastian Mueller, Giovanni Marasco, Annalisa Berzigotti, Agostino Colli, Davide Festi, Antonio Colecchia, Luigina Vanessa Alemanni, Amanda Vestito, Matteo Renzulli, Francesco Azzaroli, Luigi Colecchia, Laurent Castera, Maxime Ronot, Monica Platon-Lupsor, Oana Nicoara-Farcau, Mina Ignat, Yoichi Hias, Anna Fichera, Chin Chin Ooi, Alberto Borghi, David Bauer, Georg Semmler, Mattias Mandorfer, José Luis Calleja, Omar Elshaarawy, Dante Romagnoli
Journal: The Lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology (2023)
Relative effectiveness of monovalent and bivalent mRNA boosters in preventing severe COVID-19 due to omicron BA.5 infection up to 4 months post-administration in people aged 60 years or older in Italy: a retrospective matched cohort study
Authors: Alberto Mateo-Urdiales, Chiara Sacco, Emmanouil Alexandros Fotakis, Martina Del Manso, Antonino Bella, Flavia Riccardo, Marco Bressi, Maria Cristina Rota, Daniele Petrone, Andrea Siddu, Giorgio Fedele, Paola Stefanelli, Anna Teresa Palamara, Silvio Brusaferro, Giovanni Rezza, Patrizio Pezzotti, Massimo Fabiani
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2023)
Assessing the influence of preconception diet on female fertility: a systematic scoping review of observational studies
Authors: Simon Alesi, Nahal Habibi, Thais Rasia Silva, Nicole Cheung, Sophia Torkel, Chau Thien Tay, Alejandra Quinteros, Hugo Winter, Helena Teede, Aya Mousa, Jessica A Grieger, Lisa J Moran
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (2023)

Abstract BACKGROUND Preconception diet is a proposed modifiable risk factor for infertility. However, there is no official guidance for women in the preconception period as to which dietary approaches may improve fertility. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE A comprehensive synthesis of the relevant evidence is key to determine the potentially effective dietary patterns and components as well as evidence gaps, and to provide information for nutritional recommendations for couples planning a pregnancy. SEARCH METHODS In this systematic scoping review, four electronic databases (Medline and EMBASE via Ovid processing, CAB Direct, and CINAHL via EBSCO) were searched for observational studies (prospective and retrospective cohort, cross-sectional, and case–control studies) from inception to 27 September 2021. Eligible studies included women of reproductive age during the preconception period, and evaluated exposures related to preconception diet and outcomes related to fertility. Results were synthesized using a descriptive approach. OUTCOMES A total of 36 studies were eligible for inclusion (31 prospective, 3 cross-sectional, and 2 case–control studies) and were published between 2007 and 2022. Of the assessed dietary exposures, increased adherence to the Mediterranean diet displayed the strongest and most consistent association with improved clinical pregnancy rates. Reducing trans fatty acids (TFAs), saturated fatty acids, and discretionary food intake (fast food and sugar-sweetened beverages) were associated with improvements in live birth, clinical pregnancy rates, and related ART outcomes. The dietary components of seafood, dairy, and soy demonstrated inconsistent findings across the few included studies. WIDER IMPLICATIONS Due to heterogeneity and the limited available literature on most exposures, there is insufficient evidence to support any specific dietary approach for improving fertility. However, following some of the dietary approaches outlined in this review (anti-inflammatory diets, reducing TFA, and discretionary food intake) are consistent with broad healthy eating guidelines, have little to no associated risk, and offer a plausible set of possible benefits. This warrants further exploration in randomized controlled trials.
Changes in methylation-based aging in women who do and do not develop breast cancer
Authors: Jacob K Kresovich, Katie M O’Brien, Zongli Xu, Clarice R Weinberg, Dale P Sandler, Jack A Taylor
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2023)

Abstract Background Breast cancer survivors have increased incidence of age-related diseases, suggesting that some survivors may experience faster biological aging. Methods Among 417 women enrolled in the prospective Sister Study cohort, DNA methylation data were generated on paired blood samples collected an average of 7.7 years apart and used to calculate 3 epigenetic metrics of biological aging (PhenoAgeAccel, GrimAgeAccel, and Dunedin Pace of Aging Calculated from the Epigenome [DunedinPACE]). Approximately half (n = 190) the women sampled were diagnosed and treated for breast cancer between blood draws, whereas the other half (n = 227) remained breast cancer–free. Breast tumor characteristics and treatment information were abstracted from medical records. Results Among women who developed breast cancer, diagnoses occurred an average of 3.5 years after the initial blood draw and 4 years before the second draw. After accounting for covariates and biological aging metrics measured at baseline, women diagnosed and treated for breast cancer had higher biological aging at the second blood draw than women who remained cancer-free as measured by PhenoAgeAccel (standardized mean difference [β] = 0.13, 95% confidence interval [CI) = 0.00 to 0.26), GrimAgeAccel (β = 0.14, 95% CI = 0.03 to 0.25), and DunedinPACE (β = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.24 to 0.50). In case-only analyses assessing associations with different breast cancer therapies, radiation had strong positive associations with biological aging (PhenoAgeAccel: β = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.19 to 0.59; GrimAgeAccel: β = 0.29, 95% CI = 0.10 to 0.47; DunedinPACE: β = 0.25, 95% CI = 0.02 to 0.48). Conclusions Biological aging is accelerated following a breast cancer diagnosis and treatment. Breast cancer treatment modalities appear to differentially contribute to biological aging.
The Emerging Therapeutic Potential of Kisspeptin and Neurokinin B
Authors: Bijal Patel, Kanyada Koysombat, Edouard G Mills, Jovanna Tsoutsouki, Alexander N Comninos, Ali Abbara, Waljit S Dhillo
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2023)

Abstract Kisspeptin (KP) and neurokinin B (NKB) are neuropeptides that govern the reproductive endocrine axis through regulating hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neuronal activity and pulsatile GnRH secretion. Their critical role in reproductive health was first identified after inactivating variants in genes encoding for KP or NKB signaling were shown to result in congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and a failure of pubertal development. Over the past 2 decades since their discovery, a wealth of evidence from both basic and translational research has laid the foundation for potential therapeutic applications. Beyond KP's function in the hypothalamus, it is also expressed in the placenta, liver, pancreas, adipose tissue, bone, and limbic regions, giving rise to several avenues of research for use in the diagnosis and treatment of pregnancy, metabolic, liver, bone, and behavioral disorders. The role played by NKB in stimulating the hypothalamic thermoregulatory center to mediate menopausal hot flashes has led to the development of medications that antagonize its action as a novel nonsteroidal therapeutic agent for this indication. Furthermore, the ability of NKB antagonism to partially suppress (but not abolish) the reproductive endocrine axis has supported its potential use for the treatment of various reproductive disorders including polycystic ovary syndrome, uterine fibroids, and endometriosis. This review will provide a comprehensive up-to-date overview of the preclinical and clinical data that have paved the way for the development of diagnostic and therapeutic applications of KP and NKB.
Associations between self-reported healthcare disruption due to covid-19 and avoidable hospital admission: evidence from seven linked longitudinal studies for England
Authors: Mark A Green, Martin McKee, Olivia KL Hamilton, Richard J Shaw, John Macleod, Andy Boyd, Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi
Journal: BMJ (2023)

Abstract Objectives To examine whether there is an association between people who experienced disrupted access to healthcare during the covid-19 pandemic and risk of an avoidable hospital admission. Design Observational analysis using evidence from seven linked longitudinal cohort studies for England. Setting Studies linked to electronic health records from NHS Digital from 1 March 2020 to 25 August 2022. Data were accessed using the UK Longitudinal Linkage Collaboration trusted research environment. Participants Individual level records for 29 276 people. Main outcome measures Avoidable hospital admissions defined as emergency hospital admissions for ambulatory care sensitive and emergency urgent care sensitive conditions. Results 9742 participants (weighted percentage 35%, adjusted for sample structure of longitudinal cohorts) self-reported some form of disrupted access to healthcare during the covid-19 pandemic. People with disrupted access were at increased risk of any (odds ratio 1.80, 95% confidence interval 1.39 to 2.34), acute (2.01, 1.39 to 2.92), and chronic (1.80, 1.31 to 2.48) ambulatory care sensitive hospital admissions. For people who experienced disrupted access to appointments (eg, visiting their doctor or an outpatient department) and procedures (eg, surgery, cancer treatment), positive associations were found with measures of avoidable hospital admissions. Conclusions Evidence from linked individual level data shows that people whose access to healthcare was disrupted were more likely to have a potentially preventable hospital admission. The findings highlight the need to increase healthcare investment to tackle the short and long term implications of the pandemic, and to protect treatments and procedures during future pandemics.
Tyrosine kinase and immune checkpoints inhibitors in favorable risk metastatic renal cell carcinoma: Trick or treat?
Authors: Martina Catalano, Giuseppe Procopio, Pierangela Sepe, Matteo Santoni, Francesco Sessa, Donata Villari, Gabriella Nesi, Giandomenico Roviello
Journal: Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2023)

Over the past decade, the management of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has undergone rapid evolution, culminating in a significant improvement in prognosis with frontline immunotherapy. RCC is a highly immunogenic and pro-angiogenic cancer, and mounting evidence has established the immunosuppressive effects of pro-angiogenic factors on the host's immune system. Anti-angiogenic agents such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and bevacizumab, which obstruct the vascular endothelial growth factor pathway, have demonstrated the potential to enhance antitumor activity and improve the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Consequently, various combinations of TKIs and ICIs have been assessed and are currently considered the preferred regimens for all metastatic RCC patients, regardless of their prognostic risk score. Nevertheless, some inquiries have arisen within the medical community, as metastatic RCC patients with favorable risk scores who received ICIs and TKIs in combination showed no statistically significant advantage in overall survival compared to those treated with sunitinib alone. Considering these concerns, this review aims to elucidate the rationale behind TKI and ICI combination therapies, provide a summary of current first-line metastatic RCC combinations approved for use, with a focus on favorable-risk patients, and outline present challenges and future perspectives in this context.
Evaluating trends in private equity ownership and impacts on health outcomes, costs, and quality: systematic review
Authors: Alexander Borsa, Geronimo Bejarano, Moriah Ellen, Joseph Dov Bruch
Journal: BMJ (2023)

To review the evidence on trends and impacts of private equity (PE) ownership of healthcare operators.Systematic review.PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, and SSRN.Empirical research studies of any design that evaluated PE owned healthcare operators.The main outcome measures were impact of PE ownership on health outcomes, costs to patients or payers, costs to operators, and quality. The secondary outcome measures were trends and prevalence of PE ownership of healthcare operators.Studies were classified as finding either beneficial, harmful, mixed, or neutral impacts of PE ownership on main outcome measures. Results across studies were narratively synthesized and reported. Risk of bias was evaluated using ROBINS-I (Risk Of Bias In Non-randomised Studies of Interventions).The electronic search identified 1778 studies, with 55 meeting the inclusion criteria. Studies spanned eight countries, with most (n=47) analyzing PE ownership of healthcare operators in the US. Nursing homes were the most commonly studied healthcare setting (n=17), followed by hospitals and dermatology settings (n=9 each); ophthalmology (n=7); multiple specialties or general physician groups (n=5); urology (n=4); gastroenterology and orthopedics (n=3 each); surgical centers, fertility, and obstetrics and gynecology (n=2 each); and anesthesia, hospice care, oral or maxillofacial surgery, otolaryngology, and plastics (n=1 each). Across the outcome measures, PE ownership was most consistently associated with increases in costs to patients or payers. Additionally, PE ownership was associated with mixed to harmful impacts on quality. These outcomes held in sensitivity analyses in which only studies with moderate risk of bias were included. Health outcomes showed both beneficial and harmful results, as did costs to operators, but the volume of studies for these outcomes was too low for conclusive interpretation. In some instances, PE ownership was associated with reduced nurse staffing levels or a shift towards lower nursing skill mix. No consistently beneficial impacts of PE ownership were identified.Trends in PE ownership rapidly increased across almost all healthcare settings studied. Such ownership is often associated with harmful impacts on costs to patients or payers and mixed to harmful impacts on quality. Owing to risk of bias and frequent geographic focus on the US, conclusions might not be generalizable internationally.PROSPERO CRD42022329857.
David Oliver: Why shouldn’t doctors defend our distinct professional identity?
Authors: David Oliver
Journal: BMJ (2023)

of NHS England's Long Term Workforce Plan 1 amplified some robust debate about newer NHS clinical roles, 2 3 professional titles, distinct identities, and roles across the NHS clinical workforce-some of it tribal, even hostile.Modern healthcare is a multidisciplinary and team based venture, with each clinical group bringing its own distinct contribution and added value.This requires mutual respect and close collaboration-not blame, disparaging language, or interprofessional culture wars.But that compact doesn't always hold, especially with the current high pressure and low morale.
Case 22-2023: A 59-Year-Old Woman with Hypotension and Electrocardiographic Changes
Authors: Wilton A. van Klei, Michele D. Szabo, Paul E. Hesterberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2023)

A 59-year-old woman with a pituitary mass and acromegaly had hypotension and ECG changes after the administration of anesthetics before transsphenoidal hypophysectomy. Management decisions were made.
Zilebesiran, an RNA Interference Therapeutic Agent for Hypertension
Authors: Akshay S. Desai, David J. Webb, Jorg Taubel, Sarah Casey, Yansong Cheng, Gabriel J. Robbie, Don Foster, Stephen A. Huang, Sean Rhyee, Marianne T. Sweetser, George L. Bakris
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2023)

Angiotensinogen is the sole precursor of angiotensin peptides and has a key role in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Zilebesiran, an investigational RNA interference therapeutic agent with a prolonged duration of action, inhibits hepatic angiotensinogen synthesis.
Biologics for COPD — Finally Here
Authors: Alvar Agusti
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2023)

The use of biologic therapies, including monoclonal antibodies, has revolutionized the treatment of many human diseases. In respiratory medicine, monoclonal antibodies have already transformed the management of severe asthma.1 By contrast, previous trials of biologic agents targeting interleukin-5 have yielded potentially relevant but mostly inconclusive results in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).2,3 Fortunately for patients with COPD, things are changing, and biologic treatment is finally here for them. In this issue of the Journal, Bhatt et al.4 report the results of a 52-week, phase 3, multicenter, double-blind, randomized trial (the BOREAS trial), which involved 939 patients who had . . .
Potential “Healthy Vaccinee Bias” in a Study of BNT162b2 Vaccine against Covid-19
Authors: Ronen Arbel, Ruslan Sergienko, Doron Netzer, Ariel Hammerman, Michael Friger, Alon Peretz, Talish Razi, Hadar Duskin-Bitan, Shlomit Yaron
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2023)