tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
NCI Monographs No. 8 Smokless Tobacco in the United States
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1989)

Journal Article NCI Monographs No. 8 Smokless Tobacco in the United States Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 81, Issue 14, 19 July 1989, Page 1118, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/81.14.1118-a Published: 19 July 1989
THE ENFORCEMENT OF ANTI-SPITTING LAWS.
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE RATIONAL TREATMENT OF ASIATIC CHOLERA.
Journal: JAMA (1884)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
RETICULOENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
In brief: TIA patients need assessment
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Questions such as how clinicians can be patient centred in email consultations require innovative approaches to researching consultations that place emphasis on semantics (as written words are the sole conveyors of information).Because of the intricate ways in which email combines human communication and information communication technology, interdisciplinary research is essential.We know that a large part of a verbal message's impact derives from the communication style and the clinician's "image" and appearance rather than the content.Will the user interface and the application's functionality (that is, the program design and layout) take this role in email consultations and become a critical element in the human-computer-human interaction?Examples of questions about interface design include, "Should different interfaces be used for different populations considering factors such as age, preferred language, and (computer) literacy?"As email consulting increases, we need to ensure that those without email access to care are not unduly disadvantaged (see fig 2 and box 2).Mechanisms for ensuring equitable access to care for sections of the population who do not use email are essential. ConclusionsHealthcare systems are evolving throughout the world and are now embracing the concepts of patientclinician partnership and patient self-management.In this context, email consultations provide exciting possibilities to augment and facilitate healthcare delivery.
Workshop on the Serological Testing Algorithm for Recent HIV Seroconversion (STARHS) and HIV Incidence Estimates, Stockholm, 11-12 March 2008
Authors: Collective Editorial team
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2008)

The recent development of serological assays for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that are able to distinguish recent from long-standing infection has generated an important tool for HIV surveillance. In the European Union (EU), a number of different serological assays are being used, and there is the danger that that HIV incidence estimates in different countries, or even within a country, may not be comparable.
Breast Cancer
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1981)

Journal Article Breast Cancer Get access Maurice M. Black, M.D. Maurice M. Black, M.D. Institute of Breast Diseases Macy Pavilion, Suite 1039 Westchester County Medical CenterValhalla, New York 10595 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 67, Issue 5, November 1981, Pages 993–994, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/67.5.993 Published: 01 November 1981
Role of transforming growth factor β1 in microvascular endothelial cell apoptosis associated with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and hemolytic‐uremic syndrome
Authors: Michael Mauro, Jiyun Kim, Christin Costello, Jeffrey Laurence
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2001)

Primary human microvascular endothelial cells (MVEC) of restricted lineage undergo apoptosis when exposed to plasma from patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) and sporadic hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS). This reflects the pathology and tissue distribution of lesions in vivo. As extracellular matrix (ECM) is critical to MVEC survival, and cytokines which regulate ECM, such as transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, have been reported anecdotally to be altered in TTP/HUS, we examined the role of TGF-β1 and two ECM proteins, fibronectin and thrombospondin (TSP), in these disorders. Levels of active TGF-β1 were elevated in acute but not convalescent phases of TTP/sporadic HUS, as well as TTP associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection and use of the anti-platelet drug ticlopidine. MVEC from tissues susceptible to TTP-mediated apoptosis showed little active TGF-β1 production when exposed to TTP plasmas. In contrast, pulmonary MVEC and large-vessel EC, which are resistant to TTP-linked pathology, showed marked induction of TGF-β1 following TTP plasma exposure. Exogenous TGF-β1 suppressed TTP plasma-mediated apoptosis in susceptible MVEC in association with blockade of cell entry into S phase. Soluble TSP, devoid of detectable bound TGF-β1, had a similar effect, which paralleled its ability to induce TGF-β1 production in MVEC. In vivo, TSP deposition was diminished markedly in involved tissues of TTP patients. These data highlight the role of TGF-β1 and ECM in TTP and suggest that differential production of TGF-β1 by MVEC may play a role in their sensitivity or resistance to TTP/sporadic HUS-mediated apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Am. J. Hematol. 66:12–22, 2001. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Human Fatalities from Cyanobacteria: Chemical and Biological Evidence for Cyanotoxins
Authors: Wayne W. Carmichael, Sandra M. F. O. Azevedo, Ji Si An, Renato J. R. Molica, Elise M. Jochimsen, Sharon Lau, Kenneth L. Rinehart, Glen R. Shaw, Geoff K. Eaglesham
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

An outbreak of acute liver failure occurred at a dialysis center in Caruaru, Brazil (8 degrees 17' S, 35 degrees 58' W), 134 km from Recife, the state capital of Pernambuco. At the clinic, 116 (89%) of 131 patients experienced visual disturbances, nausea, and vomiting after routine hemodialysis treatment on 13-20 February 1996. Subsequently, 100 patients developed acute liver failure, and of these 76 died. As of December 1996, 52 of the deaths could be attributed to a common syndrome now called Caruaru syndrome. Examination of phytoplankton from the dialysis clinic's water source, analyses of the clinic's water treatment system, plus serum and liver tissue of clinic patients led to the identification of two groups of cyanobacterial toxins, the hepatotoxic cyclic peptide microcystins and the hepatotoxic alkaloid cylindrospermopsin. Comparison of victims' symptoms and pathology using animal studies of these two cyanotoxins leads us to conclude that the major contributing factor to death of the dialyses patients was intravenous exposure to microcystins, specifically microcystin-YR, -LR, and -AR. From liver concentrations and exposure volumes, it was estimated that 19.5 microg/L microcystin was in the water used for dialysis treatments. This is 19.5 times the level set as a guideline for safe drinking water supplies by the World Health Organization.
Nutrition
Authors: Robert M. Russell
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Micronutrients (vitamins and minerals) are the focal point of the most recent advances in nutrition, particularly as they relate to the prevention of chronic disease. Coronary heart disease accounts for about 35% of deaths in the United States. Elevated levels of blood homocysteine have been shown to be associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction, independent of other known risk factors.<sup>1</sup>The mechanism whereby such damage occurs is uncertain, although homocysteine may act as a direct vascular toxin. Deficiencies of folic acid, vitamin B<sub>6</sub>, and vitamin B<sub>12</sub>may all lead to moderate homocysteinemia by causing disturbances in homocysteine metabolism. Since folate and vitamin B<sub>6</sub>deficiencies are particularly common among elderly Americans, the stage is now set for randomized controlled trials of vitamin supplementation to reduce the risk of coronary heart disease and other vascular diseases.<sup>2</sup> In addition, preliminary evidence suggests that natural antioxidants (vitamin
Efficacy and Tolerability of Long-Acting Injectable Naltrexone for Alcohol Dependence: A Randomized Controlled Trial—Correction
Authors: Gregory Skipper, David Brase
Journal: JAMA (2005)

opioids in combination.Tramadol has consistently occupied a high standing in these reports.Numerator/denominator mismatching that leads to an underestimation of abuse liability is found in the data cited from the study by Knisely et al, 2 in which the number of known cases of tramadol abuse (N=15) was divided by a population (N = 1601) consisting mostly (Ͼ90%) of individuals who showed no evidence of tramadol exposure.They therefore calculated an abuse incidence in a mixed population, not an abuse potential in people exposed to tramadol.It is not possible for a drug to have abuse liability in a person who has not taken that drug.For example, if only 5 people in a population of 1000 take a drug and all become addicted, the abuse liability is 100%, not 0.5%.The actual abuse potential in the study by Knisely et al should be reported as 10% (ie, 15 cases of abuse divided by 155 physicians known to have taken tramadol).
In Reply:
Authors: Alan M. Keller
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

The letter by Verma et al serves as another reminder that patients with metastatic breast cancer refractory to taxanes and anthracyclines can benefit by additional chemotherapy.I disagree with the conclusion that our study is lacking in practical application merely because capecitabine was not incorporated into the study.At the time our study was designed, vinorelbine was established in North America as a standard salvage agent.The choice of mitomycin C and vinblastine outside of the United States was based on accepted practice patterns in those participating centers.Their observation that the sequence of capecitabine and vinorelbine leads to important survival differences in a retrospective study has little to do with our reported trial.Their retrospective observation is interesting, but small patient numbers and large biases that occur in the clinical setting of advanced refractory breast cancer has limited practical application, to borrow a phrase.
Reproductive toxicology. Caffeine.
Authors: James Lamb, Dushyant Gulati, Valerie Russell, Leta Hommel, K Poonacha, P Sabharwal
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

Caffeine was tested simultaneously at two laboratories, each using a variation on the standard RACB study design.This study performed Tasks 1, 2, and 3, while the other study iin mice performed Tasks 1, 2, and 4. Caffeine was among the very first compounds run at these labs using this protocol.Data on body weights, clinical signs, and food and water consumptions were collected during the dose-range-finding phase (Task 1) and used to set exposure concentrations for Task 2 at 0.0, 0.012, 0.025, and 0.05% in dfinking water.Water was chosen to mimic the route of human exposure.Water consump-_
Parental Atrial Fibrillation as a Risk Factor for Atrial Fibrillation in Offspring
Authors: Paolo Palatini
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
PARATHYROID IMAGING: USE OF DUAL ISOTOPE SCINTIGRAPHY FOR THE LOCALIZATION OF ADENOMAS PRIOR TO SURGERY.
Authors: K. A. Keeling, L. V. Basso, M. L. Goris
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1988)

Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305; and the Palo Alto Medical Foundation, Palo Alto, CA USA.
Waste Disposal Technologies for Polychlorinated Biphenyls
Authors: Warren T. Piver, F. Thomas Lindstrom
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1985)

Improper practices in the disposal of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) wastes by land burial, chemical means and incineration distribute these chemicals and related compounds such as polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDDs) throughout the environment.The complete range of methods for disposal that have been proposed and are in use are examined and analyzed, with emphasis given to the two most commonly used methods: land burial and incineration.The understanding of aquifer contamination caused by migration of PCBs from subsurface burial sites requires a description of the physical, chemical and biological processes governing transport in unsaturated and saturated soils.For this purpose, a model is developed and solved for different soil conditions and external driving functions.The model couples together the fundamental transport phenomena for heat, mass, and moisture flow within the soil.To rehabilitate a contaminated aquifer, contaminated groundwaters are withdrawn through drainage wells, PCBs are extracted with solvents or activated carbon and treated by chemical, photochemical or thermal methods.The chemical and photochemical methods are reviewed, but primary emphasis is devoted to the use of incineration as the preferred method of disposal.After discussing the formation of PCDFs and PCDDs during combustion from chloroaromatic, chloroaliphatic, as well as organic and inorganic chloride precursors, performance characteristics of different thermal destructors are presented and analyzed.To understand how this information can be used, basic design equations are developed from governing heat and mass balances that can be applied to the construction of incinerators capable of more than 99.99% destruction with minimal to nondetectable levels of PCDFs and PCDDs.
Meningitis due to Escherichia coli. Report of a case in a young adult treated with gentamicin
Authors: M. C. McHenry
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Refractory meningitis due to Escherichia coli occurred in a young adult with a fracture of the temporal bone. Intramuscular administration of gentamicin resulted in detectable concentrations of this drug in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and temporary control of infection. For permanent bacteriologic cure, intramuscular and intrathecal therapy with gentamicin was ultimately required. The subcutaneous CSF reservoir of Ommaya provided a safe, convenient way to administer intrathecal therapy and to monitor its progress.
Sex differences and hormonal regulation of hepatic organic anion transporters Hepatobiliary Research Center, Univ. Colorado HSC, Denver, CO &amp; Albert Einstein Coll. Med., Bronx, NY
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Deoxycholic acid (DCA), a secondary bile acid (BA), and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), a tertiary BA, cause opposing effects in vivo and in cell suspensions. Fluorescent analogues of DCA and UDCA could help investigate important questions about their cellular interactions and distribution.We have prepared a set of isomeric 3α- and 3β-amino analogues of UDCA and DCA and derivatised these with the discrete fluorophore, 4-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazol (NBD), forming the corresponding four fluorescent adducts. These absorb in the range 465–470 nm and fluoresce at approx. 535 nm.In order to determine the ability of the new fluorescent bile acids to mimic the parents, their uptake was studied using monolayers of Caco-2 cells, which are known to express multiple proteins of the organic anion-transporting peptide (OATP) subfamily of transporters. Cellular uptake was monitored over time at 4 and 37 °C to distinguish between passive and active transport.All four BA analogues were taken up but in a strikingly stereo- and structure-specific manner, suggesting highly discriminatory interactions with transporter protein(s). The α-analogues of DCA and to a lesser extent UDCA were actively transported, whereas the β-analogues were not. The active transport process was saturable, with Michaelis–Menten constants for 3α-NBD DCA (5) being Km = 42.27 ± 12.98 μM and Vmax = 2.8 ± 0.4 nmol/(mg protein∗min) and for 3α-NBD UDCA (3) Km = 28.20 ± 7.45 μM and Vmax = 1.8 ± 0.2 nmol/(mg protein∗min). These fluorescent bile acids are promising agents for investigating questions of bile acid biology and for detection of bile acids and related organic anion transport processes.
Massive theophylline overdose. Rapid elimination by charcoal hemoperfusion
Authors: S. M. Ehlers
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Shock, seizures, cardiac arrhythmias, and respiratory and cardiac arrests developed in a patient who ingested 8.5 g of theophylline. Her condition improved and her serum theophylline concentration decreased from 170 to 20 mg/ml during six hours of charcoal hemoperfusion. Theophylline was removed from the serum by the uncoated charcoal column, as shown by an extraction efficiency approaching 100%. The maximum charcoal clearance of theophylline was 163 ml/kg/hr. The average endogenous theophylline clearance in adults is 50 ml/kg/hr and that achieved with hemodialysis is only 24.3 ml/kg/hr. Uncoated charcoal efficiently removes theophylline from the serum; charcoal hemoperfusion should be considered in severe theophylline toxic reactions. (<i>JAMA</i>240:474-475, 1978)
Reply
Authors: M. Tatsuta
Journal: Gut (1987)

<h3>Abstract</h3> The impact of stress on gene expression in different cell types of the brain remains poorly characterized. Three pioneering studies have recently used translating ribosome affinity purification followed by RNA sequencing (TRAP-seq) to assess the response to stress in CA3 pyramidal neurons of the hippocampus. The results suggest that acute stress alters the translation of thousands of genes in CA3 pyramidal neurons, and that this response is strongly modulated by factors such as sex, genotype and a history of early life stress. However, our reanalysis of these datasets leads to different conclusions. We confirm that acute stress induces robust translational changes in a small set of genes. However, we found no evidence that either early life stress or sex have an effect on gene translation induced by acute stress. Our findings highlight the need for additional studies with adequate sample sizes and proper methods of analysis to assess the impact of stress across cell types in the brain.