tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Penicillamine therapy 'encouraging' in primary biliary cirrhosis study
Authors: Michael Reed
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Encouraging results are being reported from an eight-year, double-blind, controlled trial of penicillamine in the treatment of primary biliary cirrhosis. Speaking at the recent Digestive Disease Week meetings in Chicago, gastroenterologist E. Rolland Dickson, MD, head of the section of gastroenterology at the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn, and chairman of the board of the American Liver Foundation, said that histological progression of the disease has been retarded, liver function has improved, and "temporary improvement in survival" has been achieved. There are a number of adverse side effects, however. Once thought to be rare, primary biliary cirrhosis is now being reported with much greater frequency, Dickson told<i>JAMA</i>MEDICAL NEWS. This is largely due to the ability of tests now routine in many physical examinations (such as that for serum alkaline phosphatase levels) to uncover early and asymptomatic cases. Although about 90% of those with the disease are women, there is
AMA Members Retirement Plan
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Evaluation of the Buffy-Coat Smear for Rapid Detection of Bacteremia
Authors: Hester Reik
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Buffy-coat smears prepared from 599 blood samples, obtained simultaneously with blood for culture, were examined for bacteria. Each blood sample was quantitatively cultured on chocolate agar. Twenty-one blood cultures (3.6%) from 17 patients were positive. Two (11.7%) of the 17 patients had positive buffy-coat smears. One patient had two positive smears, for a total of three positive buffy-coat smears from 21 positive blood cultures. Chart reviews were performed for two patients with positive buffy-coat smears, three patients with positive blood cultures (containing the same organisms as the two study patients) but negative buffy-coat smears, and six additional patients who had had positive buffy-coat smears between 1974 and 1979. Of the eight patients with positive smears, six (75%) were infected with Gram-positive cocci, three of which were<i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>. Mortality was 100%. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;245:357-359)
An Introduction to the History of Medicine from the Time of the Pharaohs to the End of the XVIIIth Century.
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Highlights of This Issue
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

Breast cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related death among women worldwide.Modifiable dietary components, such as coffee, may influence breast cancer and treatment responses.In a translational study, Rosendahl and colleagues uncovered associations between coffee consumption and tumor characteristics in breast cancer patients, as well as longer disease-free survival among tamoxifen-treated patients.Mechanistically, this was linked to altered estrogen-and insulin-like growth factor I receptor levels and downstream signaling, resulting in impaired cell-cycle progression and enhanced cell death.An improved understanding of how coffee can influence breast cancer and treatment response may yield more evidence-based lifestyle recommendations during treatment.
The Business of Discovery in the Medical Sciences
Authors: Charles B. Huggins
Journal: JAMA (1965)

This essay is shoptalk concerned with the craft of medical research; it is a credo of creativeness. A century ago Claude Bernard described his approach to science wherein experimental medicine was conceived to be a specific discipline defined as the application of physiology to pathology: "Physiology must be constantly applied to medicine."<sup>1</sup>Claude Bernard's classic work has had a continuing and profound influence on successive generations of investigators, but Emerson said, "Each age, it is found, must write its own books; or rather, each generation for the next succeeding."<sup>2</sup> It is a pleasant vocation to do experiments while teaching young people how to find out new and beautiful and helpful things—how to do elegant Science. It becomes a philosophy because excellence in work engenders excellence in life. These remarks can be reminiscent of the traditional professor of economics who, it is alleged, knows everything about money but doesn't
Your Teeth: Their Past, Present, and Probable Future
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Reporting the Results of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Testing
Authors: Abram S. Benenson
Journal: JAMA (1989)

We conducted a pilot study of potential sources of incorrect laboratory reports of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 testing using blind proficiency testing. Sets of three serum samples, including one serum sample with negative reactions in antibody tests, one serum sample with positive reactions, and one that gave false-positive results with certain testing kits, were sent as routine patient specimens to testing laboratories. Half the laboratories reported the serum sample positive for human immunodeficiency virus antibodies as "indeterminate"; one laboratory rendered a final positive report without supplemental testing. On the report forms, the actual laboratory results were often obscured and intermingled with information, sometimes incorrect, such as identifying the agent as "HTLV-III" (human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III) and advising that a test with positive results is evidence of exposure to the virus. Many of these reports have the potential to confuse, rather than to enlighten, the requesting physician. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1989;262:3435-3438)
Herman Boerhaave (1668-1738)
Authors: G. A. Lindeboom
Journal: JAMA (1968)

In the dark winter evening of Jan 11, 1723, the venerable building of the University of Leiden, Holland, and the houses along the canal where it was situated, were festively illuminated with fairy lamps. Every citizen in the small town knew the reason: Professor Boerhaave had restarted his lectures after a serious illness which had chained him to his bed for four months. Thirty years previously, he had begun his practice as a plain physician. Now he was the most popular professor the university ever had. At this time, Boerhaave, 54 years old, was at the height of his power. Boerhaave was born in the early hours of Dec 31, 1668, at Voorhout, a small village near Leiden, as the son of a minister. His great-grandfather had come to Holland from the southern part of East Flanders (now belonging to France), obviously for religious reasons. He was engaged in wooldressing
Metastatic Carcinoma To the Breast
Authors: Thomas R. Harwood
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Carcinoma metastatic to the breast is unusually rare, but has been reported.<sup>1-6</sup>In four of these 16 cases, the primary lesion was said to be in the ovary.<sup>1,2,5</sup>No report of a granulosa cell carcinoma with metastasis to breast was found. This case, while it cannot be documented, is suggestive of a mestastatic granulosa cell carcinoma in the breast. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> This 50-year-old white woman with carcinomatosis had been first seen in a suburban community hospital in September 1962, for ovarian tumor. A panhysterectomy was done for bilateral granulosa cell carcinoma of the ovaries. The patient had no further evidence of disease until March 1968, when an enlarged left axillary node was excised and found to contain metastatic carcinoma. The pathologist at the hospital commented that the tumor contained structures resembling Call-Exner bodies. However, a left breast lesion was discovered about one month
Implications for Research
Authors: Daniel X. Freedman
Journal: JAMA (1968)

The abuse of drugs is not solely a medical problem. It is an array of different social, behavioral, and physiological problems in which the manufacturer, distribution, and use of medicinals is involved. While clinical practice presents an incessant panorama of behavioral issues to which the perceptive physician is privy, he usually is only minimally expert or influential in behavioral treatment and legal policy. This certainly is the case in the area of drug abuse. Hopefully, physicians will sharpen the focus of their interest, develop appropriate skills, and seek the expertise of others whose competence is clear. For reliable knowledge, the traditions of scientific medicine require explicit definition of a number of quite different aims. What do we need to know to prevent the spread of drug abuses—about those motives and forces which initiate drug intake, those sustaining it, and those leading either to uncontrolled or controlled intake? What do we
Health Care Technology and the Inevitability of Resource Allocation and Rationing Decisions
Authors: Roger W. Evans
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Increasingly, it is recognized that resources available to meet health care needs are limited. Recently, this has been evidenced by reductions in federally funded health care programs and the leveling off of research funds made available to the National Institutes of Health. The problem of severely constrained resources is likely to become more acute, given new medical technology and the high cost of medical care. It is now apparent that both resource allocation and resource-rationing decisions will become inevitable, since not all persons with catastrophic or complicated medical conditions will be able to benefit from medical technology. While the careful assessment of health care technology can conceivably increase the efficiency of the health care delivery system, the methods by which allocation and rationing decisions are made must be improved. In doing so, it will ultimately be essential for this society to come to grips with life and death issues in a manner to which it is not accustomed. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;249:2047-2053)
Skin Signs of Systemic Disease
Authors: Irwin M. Braverman
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1999)

It is now common practice for authors to reply to reviews of their books when they believe factual errors have been made. In the review of the third edition of my book Skin Signs of Systemic Disease by Thiers in the October 1998 issue of the Journal (vol 39, p 665), the proposition is made that the delay of 2 years from submission of the manuscript to actual publication leads invariably to much of the material being dated. As an example the reviewer cites the fact that the connection between human herpesvirus 8 and Kaposi’s sarcoma is not made in the chapter on AIDS. In fact, it is made in that chapter (p 183) and again in Chapter 2 (p 123, references 294a [1996] and 295 [1995]) in which the entire story of this novel herpesvirus in all forms of Kaposi’s sarcoma is discussed. Because the bulk of the references may be from the early 1990s does not mean that the material is dated because the latest publications on any subject are not necessarily better than those published earlier. In fact, every subject was reviewed for the latest and best references as of 1996 when the manuscript was submitted and, if found, they were included. The actual publication of the book was October 1997. Unfortunately, it is the conceit of modern man to believe that only the latest information is correct and that all previous scientific or humanistic contributions, whether publications or illustrations, are no longer relevant.
Membrane-Associated Alterations Detected in Poorly Tumorigenic Lectin-Resistant Variant Sublines of a Highly Malignant and Metastatic Murine Tumor&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;, &lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: J. W. Dennis, T. P. Donaghue, R. S. Kerbel
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1981)

A number of wheat germ agglutinin-resistant (WGAR) variants of a highly malignant and metastatic mouse tumor (called MDAY-D2) were selected. Two of these. MDW1 and MDW3. were poorly tumorigenic in the normal DBA/2 host but grew well in highly immunosuppressed recipients. In contrast, MDAY-D2, MDW4, and MDWS were all highly tumorigenic in botn normal and immunosuppressed hosts. Analysis of the WGAR variants by cytotoxic T-cell testing did not reveal any evidence for the acquisition of new tumor antigens by the MDW1 or MDW3 variant subllnes. although they provoked a significantly stronger T killer cell response than did MDAY-D2, MDW4, or MDWS. Further studies indicated that the rate of tumor cell surface shedding in vitro correlated strongly with relative tumorigenicity and, furthermore, that changes in the cytoskeletal structure of MDW1 and MDW3 may have contributed to their reduced rate of shedding.
Attitudes of Medical Students Toward Cannabis
Authors: Lionel P. Solursh
Journal: JAMA (1971)

A brief questionnaire about cannabis attitudes and use was distributed to senior medical classes at one Canadian (Ontario) and one US (California) university. In each case a high return rate was obtained. Responses from the two groups showed a number of similarities. However, the US students were significantly more likely to have used cannabis and to recognize the substance by sight or smell (when burning). Similarly, the California students were much more likely to exhibit permissive attitudes to occasional cannabis use in a patient and somewhat more likely to favor more liberal statutes regarding cannabis distribution and possession. A clear majority of both groups expected no significant effects of moderate cannabis use on either the physical or mental health of the user.
Prune-Belly Syndrome in a 54-Year-Old Man
Authors: Stanley M. Lee
Journal: JAMA (1977)

A 54-year-old man was diagnosed as having prune-belly syndrome, a deficiency of abdominal musculature, cryptorchidism, abnormalities of the urinary tract, and chronic renal failure. The patient was asymptomatic until the diagnosis was made at the age of 54 years; he is one of the oldest living patients to be reported in detail. Recognition of the syndrome in adults with chronic renal failure is important. (<i>JAMA</i>237:2216-2217, 1977)
Rubella Antibody Persistence After Immunization
Authors: Kenneth L. Herrmann
Journal: JAMA (1982)

A comparative field trial of three live, attenuated rubella virus vaccines (Cendehill, HPV-77 DE-5, and HPV-77 DK-12) was initiated in 1969 on the islands of Kauai and Hawaii in the state of Hawaii. Following initial seroconversion rates of more than 98%, periodic serological testing of the study population was conducted to assess the durability of vaccine-induced immunity. In February 1980, ten years after the initiation of the study, 741 of the 5,153 original susceptible vaccinees were still enrolled in the study. After a drop of approximately 50% in mean hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) titer for each of the vaccine groups during the first four years following vaccination, the HI titer levels for all three groups have been generally stable between years 4 and 10. The frequency of reversion to an HI titer of less than 10 has remained less than 0.5% per year. A measurable HI antibody level has persisted in more than 97% of all vaccinees over the ten-year period. This study indicates that when potent rubella vaccine is administered properly, a high seroconversion rate and a high rate of antibody persistence should be expected. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;247:193-196)
Anatomy; Descriptive and Surgical.
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
T-Wave Changes With Inspiration
Authors: Crawford W. Adams
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Two instances of T-wave changes without evidence of underlying organic disease occurred. In the first case, T-wave inversion uniquely responded to inspiration. This phenomenon was consistently repeated for six years. In the second case, atrial depolarization and ventricular repolarization appeared to be influenced by inspiration. Whenever nonspecific T-wave changes in the precordial leads are found, inspiration may influence T-wave polarity to suggest causes other than organic heart disease.
Highlights of This Issue
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2013)

This work is the first report of effective activity of cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells against autologous metastatic melanoma (mMel), including putative cancer stem cells (mCSCs) considered responsible for disease relapse and chemoresistance. Gammaitoni and colleagues developed a preclinical autologous model using same patient-generated CIK cells and tumor targets to consider the unique biology of each patient/tumor pairing. Putative mCSC were visualized by a gene-transfer strategy exploiting their exclusive ability to activate the promoter of stemness gene Oct4. CIK cells efficiently killed autologous melanoma cells, including putative CSCs. These findings move clinical investigation of a new immunotherapy for mMel, including mCSCs, closer.Furmanski and colleagues investigated the contribution of the transporter ABCC4 (MRP4) to the pharmacokinetics and efficacy of oral dasatinib using an array of in vitro and in vivo model systems. This study indicates that ABCC4 is abundantly expressed in the stomach, where it facilitates the gastric absorption of dasatinib. Moreover, Abcc4-deficiency in mice was associated with reduced activity of dasatinib against a model of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. These results identified ABCC4 as a previously unrecognized contributor to the oral absorption of dasatinib, and this process may be relevant for multiple substrates, including acetylsalicylic acid and other tyrosine kinase inhibitors.CXCL12, also known as SDF-1, is a cytokine that binds two G-protein coupled receptors. This signaling system has been implicated in tumorigenesis and in a variety of inflammatory conditions. Zhong and colleagues describe the development and characterization of a humanized antibody specific for CXCL12. This antibody inhibited primary tumor growth or metastasis in subcutaneous and orthotopic models. In several models, it was additive with anti- VEGF antibodies. Also, anti-CXCL12 improved clinical score in a mouse model of arthritis and reduced choroidal neovascularization in a laser-induced murine model. This humanized antibody holds promise to test in humans the hypothesis that blocking CXCL12 is a valid strategy to treat tumors and other disorders.Among patients treated for leukemia or lymphoma, intrathecal methotrexate is associated with neurotoxic sequelae, including persistent cognitive deficits. Cole and colleagues demonstrate that an increase in toxic glutamate analogs contributes to spatial memory deficits after rats are exposed to clinically relevant doses of intrathecal methotrexate. Further, the authors show that the NMDA antagonist memantine is protective, reducing the frequency and severity of memory deficits. By interrupting the underlying pathophysiology, thus preventing neurotoxicity, memantine may therefore be of benefit to cancer patients treated with intrathecal methotrexate.