tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Liver Transplantation
Authors: T E Starzl
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2024)

From March 1963 through June 1976, 111 patients received orthotopic liver homografts. Forty-two of the recipients had congenital biliary atresia. Other common diagnoses were chronic aggressive hepatitis, Laennec's cirrhosis, and primary hepatic malignancy. There were also other assorted, less common diagnoses. Thirty-one of the 111 patients (28%) lived at least one year and 15 are still alive with follow-ups of 2 1/2 to 8 1/2 years. Seven of the patients lived for more than five years, and 6 of these 7 are still alive. In 1975 and 1976, clinical-pathologic correlations on all these patients were carried out with Professor K.A. Porter of London. The most common causes for failure were technical misadventures, including biliary tract problems, vascular thromboses, and the use of ischemically damaged livers. Rejection was less of a problem than had been realized. In view of these findings, improvements in intraoperative and postoperative management were made with particular reference to biliary tract drainage and to the use of microvascular techniques. Treatment of a new series of 30 patients was begun in July 1976, and completed in December 1977. After 6 to 22 months, 15 of the 30 most recently treated patients are alive, all living outside the hospital. Thus, the outlook after transplantation appears to have greatly improved, and a one-year survival rate of 50% is projected.
The Serum Alkaline Phosphatase
Authors: Michael M. Karl
Journal: JAMA (1968)

The alkaline phosphatases constitute a large group of enzymes of low specificity that are involved in the hydrolysis of phosphate monoesters at a pH of about 9. They also play important roles in the transport of sugar and phosphate in the intestinal mucosa, kidney tubule, placenta, and bones. At the cellular level, they demonstrate activity against a wide variety of substrates but appear to be metabolically inert in the serum. Tissues that demonstrate the highest alkaline phosphatase activity include osteoblasts, bile canaliculi, intestinal mucosa, proximal convoluted tubules, and placenta. Alkaline phosphatase is present in serum, urine, feces, lymph, sweat, and breast milk. Large amounts are present in bile but whether the biliary tract represents the major mode of excretion still remains a matter of dispute. The serum alkaline phosphatase may originate then from bone, intestine, placenta, and the hepatobiliary system. Two possible mechanisms have been proposed to explain the elevated
Anuria and Acute Tubular Necrosis Associated With Gentamicin and Cephalothin
Authors: Samuel N. Bobrow
Journal: JAMA (1972)

A patient developed acute tubular necrosis following treatment with cephalothin sodium and gentamicin sulfate. Postmortem examination confirmed the clinical impression of acute tubular necrosis. No other cause for the renal failure was evident either clinically or at postmortem examination. We could find few other instances in relevant literature in which these two antibiotics either alone or in combination have been implicated in drug-induced renal failure.
Twentieth Century Practice; An International Encyclopedia of Modern Medical Science.
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Venereal Disease: Its Prevention, Symptoms and Treatment.
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Eye Banks and Eye Donations
Authors: George J. Pardos
Journal: JAMA (1981)

EYE BANKS, through innovations in tissue storage, have helped corneal transplant surgery become the most successful type of organ transplant program. Despite the major role played by eye banks in guaranteeing the success of corneal transplant surgery, little is known about the history of eye banks, their function, and their dependence on public support. Even within the ophthalmologic community, only those persons who are directly involved with transplant surgery have a realistic impression of an eye bank. <h3>What Is an Eye Bank?</h3> The term "eye bank" conjures up the image of a vault where corneas are stored before being used. While this perhaps may have been true in 1944, when the first eye bank was established on Staten Island, NY, today's eye bank has increased in complexity manyfold. In most municipalities, an eye bank consists of a medical director, an executive director, technicians, enucleators, and a host of volunteers. It
Graduate medical education
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Conduction, Infiltration and General Anesthesia in Dentistry.
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Metabolic Activation by Hamster and Rat Hepatocytes in the &lt;italic&gt;Salmonella&lt;/italic&gt; Mutagenicity Assay&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;, &lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Polley, J. A., Raineri, R., Andrews, A. W., Cavanaugh, D. M., Pienta, R. J.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1980)

Journal Article Metabolic Activation by Hamster and Rat Hepatocytes in the Salmonella Mutagenicity Assay, Get access J. A. Polley, J. A. Polley Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. Raineri, R. Raineri Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A. W. Andrews, A. W. Andrews Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D. M. Cavanaugh, D. M. Cavanaugh Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. J. Pienta R. J. Pienta Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 65, Issue 6, December 1980, Pages 1293–1298, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/65.6.1293 Published: 01 December 1980 Article history Received: 15 February 1980 Accepted: 07 July 1980 Published: 01 December 1980
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy
Authors: Cristina Stănescu, Kyriaki Branidou
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Recently, a novel heart syndrome, mimicking acute coronary syndrome, was described. Patients commonly present with chest pain, ST segment elevation, prolonged QT interval and slight elevation of cardiac enzymes and biomarker levels, despite the absence of significant coronary artery disease. Because of the peculiar left ventricular apical ballooning shape, given by characteristic regional wall motion abnormalities consisting in apical akinesis and basal hyperkinesis, this syndrome was named "Takotsubo" cardiomyopathy, after a round Japanese octopus fishing pot. An episode of emotional or physical stress, including a number of noncardiac illnesses, can be often identified as a trigger. Its unique features include also a strong female predominance and a complete rapid resolution. The management of this syndrome consists mainly in supportive and symptomatic therapy. The evolution, although mainly uneventful, can be complicated, rarely, by left ventricular rupture, making thus the takotsubo cardiomyopathy a newly recognized cause of sudden death. We present some data on the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical picture and management of this peculiar form of heart disease, which, although easily confounded with an acute coronary syndrome, has emerged as a unique nosologic entity.
Highlights from Recent Cancer Literature
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Pressured to MoveLobopodia, migration characterized by blunt, cylindrical protrusions and lateral blebs, occurs in highly cross-linked three-dimensional matrices that mimic extracellular matrices of cancer.Petrie and colleagues show that migrating primary human fibroblasts in a three-dimensional collagen matrix with lobopodia had high intracellular pressures (2,200 Pa) as compared with cells with lamellipodia (700 Pa).Actomyosin contractility was required to maintain these high pressures, with the nucleus dividing the cell into a high-pressure anterior compartment and a low-pressure posterior compartment.This pressure differential and the lobopodial protrusions required nesprin-3 (SYNE3), a nucleoskeleton-vimentin linker protein important in polarity and migration.Thus, the nucleus acts as a piston to pressurize the anterior cytoplasmic compartment and drive lobopodial protrusions and directional migration.An understanding of the mechanisms driving migration promises to enhance our ability to inhibit migration in cancer.(Image courtesy of
ST. JOHN'S HOSPITAL FOR DISEASES OF THE SKIN
Journal: BMJ (1911)

The annual general meeting of the governors of this insti- tution was held last week at the Criterion, about 70 people being present.Considerable interest attached to the proceedings in consequence of the undesirable notoriety the hospital has recently attained, owing to the attacks made in the Press against the secretary, and the actions-at-law which followed.At half-past three a decided struggle commenced, and it was evident enough that two factions were present.Colonel Mercier was proposed to the chair, but an amendment was immediately tabled in favour of the Earl of Aberdeen.His lordship, though denying any feeling of prejudice, was evidently inclined to side with a compaot and vigorous band of medical and other gentlemen who sat together, and were referred to several times as "the opposition."Colonel Mercier expressed the hope that as the charges against the secretary had resulted in a verdict in his favour, nothing further would be heard from those who were at one time pressing for an enquiry, although, when it was proposed that there should be a committee of enquiry, they had postponed it.It was proposed to recommend that
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning Deaths Associated With Camping--Georgia, March 1999
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Carbon monoxide (CO) is an odorless, colorless, nonirritating gas produced by the incomplete combustion of carbon-based fuels. CO exposure is responsible for more fatal unintentional poisonings in the United States than any other agent, with the highest incidence occurring during the cold-weather months (1 ). Although most of these deaths occur in residences or motor vehicles (2 ), two incidents among campers in Georgia illustrate the danger of CO in outdoor settings. This report describes the two incidents, which resulted in six deaths, and provides recommendations for avoiding CO poisoning in outdoor settings.
Pancuronium Bromide Side Effects
Authors: Francis F. Foldes
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Dr. Beam (223:1044, 1973) and Drs. Orkin and Pegg (224:630, 1973) recently reported excessive tachycardia after the intravenous administration of pancuronium bromide in two patients who already had accelerated heart rates. Although pancuronium does have a tendency to increase the heart rate, as a rule, only clinically moderate tachycardia is encountered after reasonable (.04 to.06 mg/kg) doses of this agent. Despite this, pancuronium should not be used in patients who already have tachycardia, or in whom even moderate acceleration of the heart rate may be dangerous. The more marked tachycardias reported with the use of pancuronium in patients with normal heart rates were encountered with relatively large doses.<sup>1,2</sup>Since.06 mg/kg pancuronium produces satisfactory conditions for endotracheal intubation in two to three minutes and excellent muscular relaxation of 25 to 35 minutes duration, there seems to be no valid reason for the use of larger initial doses.
Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Arteriomesenteric Obstruction of the Duodenum
Authors: F. Warren Nugent
Journal: JAMA (1966)

AMONG conditions associated with obstruction of the duodenum is the "superior mesenteric artery syndrome,"<sup>1</sup>seemingly the result of compression of the duodenum by the superior mesenteric vessels. The typical patient is a young adult, usually a woman, with an asthenic body habitus and superimposed weight loss. The symptoms of this condition are the same as those of acute or chronic high intestinal obstruction. On roentgenographic examination or inspection at surgery, dilation and hypertrophy of the first, second, and part of the third portions of the duodenum are found with retained secretions in the stomach and churning peristalsis in the duodenum In our experience, this syndrome is much less common than that reported by Goin and Wilk,<sup>2</sup>who found one case in 300 roentgenograms of the upper gastrointestinal tract. In a five-year period (1957 to 1962), approximately 38,000 roentgenograms of the upper gastrointestinal tract were made at the Lahey
Postcoital contraception
Authors: M Vejtorp
Journal: BMJ (1976)

Postcoital contraception (PC) has become more effective in recent years and is recommended for women who have had unprotected coitus between the 8th and 17th days of their cycles. Vaginal douche using a spermicide solution is ineffective as it has resulted in a 37% pregnancy rate. Estrogens are far more effective: Diethylstilbestrol (DES), taken in doses of 25-50 mg daily for 5 days, e.g., 10 mg of conjugated estrogens 3 times daily, and 2.5 mg ethinyl estradiol 2 times daily for 5 days 24-72 hours after coitus, has resulted in a .5-1.5% pregnancy rate. Side effects, however, include nausea, vomiting, mastalgia, menorrhagia, extrauterine pregnancy, and adenocarcinoma in daughters of DES-treated women. Gestagens, such as .15-.40 mg of d-norgestrel taken 3 hours after coitus, can be used as a form of planned PC. In an experiment, an estrogen-gestagen preparation consisting of 50 mcg ethinyl estradiol and 500 mcg dl-norgestrel taken 12-72 hours after coitus produced a .9% pregnancy rate in 1300 menstrual cycles with few serious side effects. Copper 7 or copper-T IUDs also prevent the implantation of the fertilized egg, and, when used within 5 days after coitus, produced only 1 pregnancy in 727 cases. The ideal future PC would be a preparation that inhibits either ovulation or nidation and has limited side effects. Among some promising agents are a luteinizing hormone-releasing factor agonist as well as natural and synthetic prostaglandins; however, until their cardiovascular and gastrointestinal side effects have been ameliorated, their routine use is unlikely.
Risk of End-stage Renal Disease in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Frederick L. Brancati
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>Context.</h3> —Diabetes is a frequent cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). However, the degree of risk is uncertain. <h3>Objective.</h3> —To determine the relative risk (RR) of ESRD related to diabetes in the United States. <h3>Design.</h3> —Nonconcurrent prospective cohort study. <h3>Participants.</h3> —A total of 332 544 men aged 35 to 57 years from 18 US cities screened in 1973 to 1975 for participation in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). <h3>Main Exposure.</h3> —Diabetes mellitus defined by self-reported use of medication for diabetes at baseline. <h3>Main Outcome.</h3> —Incident ESRD through 1990 assessed from a national ESRD registry and by surveillance for death from renal disease. <h3>Results.</h3> —Over an average follow-up of 16 years, there were 136 cases of ESRD in 5147 diabetic men and 678 cases in 327 397 nondiabetic men. Age-adjusted incidence of all-cause ESRD in the diabetic men was 199.8 per 100 000 person-years compared with 13.7 per 100 000 person years in their nondiabetic counterparts (RR, 12.7; 95% confidence interval [Cl], 10.5-15.4). Diabetic men were also at higher risk for ESRD ascribed to causes other than diabetes (RR=4.3; 95% Cl, 3.2-5.9). With simultaneous adjustment for age, ethnicity, income, blood pressure, serum cholesterol level, and history of myocardial infarction, diabetic men remained at higher risk for all-cause ESRD (RR, 9.0; 95% Cl, 7.4-11.0), ESRD ascribed to diabetes (RR, 92.3; 95% Cl, 64.6-131.9), and ESRD ascribed to nondiabetic causes (RR, 3.0; 95% Cl, 2.2-4.1). <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Diabetes mellitus is a strong independent risk factor for ESRD, even for ESRD ascribed to causes other than diabetes. Improvements in the prevention and control of diabetes should produce substantial reductions in ESRD incidence.
Maternal Mortality—United States, 1982-1996
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Maternal and infant mortality are basic health indicators that reflect a nation's health status. In the United States, infant mortality has declined steadily; however, this is not true for maternal mortality. This report presents data from death certificates compiled by CDC's National Center for Health Statistics, which indicate that in the United States, the annual maternal mortality ratio remained approximately 7.5 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births during 1982-1996.