tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Antigenic Determinants in a Virus-Induced Mouse Mammary Tumor Recognized by Cell-Mediated Immune Assays&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1984)

Purified tumor cell membrane (PTCM) fractions from spontaneous BALB/cfC3H mammary adenocarcinomas elicit blastogenic responses in spleen cells of tumor-bearing mice. Previous studies have demonstrated that splenic T-cells are the major responding cell population but have not clarified whether the antigens responsible for the reactions are exclusively viral in origin or may involve nonviral tumor-associated antigens (TAA). Pretreatment of PTCM preparations with polyvalent anti-murine mammary tumor virus (MuMTV) completely obliterated the ability of PTCM to stimulate an innocent bystander cytotoxicity reaction; however, it reduced the blastogenic response by only 60%, suggesting that the two assays may measure different antigenic reactivities. The specificity of the anti-MuMTV blocking for viral antigens was demonstrated by the complete absorption of the serum-blocking reaction with purified MuMTV particles in the cytotoxicity assay; however, absorption was only partial in the blastogenesis assay. Incubation with purified Rauscher murine leukemia virus particles failed to absorb the neutralizing effect of the sera. These data suggest that putative TAA can be detected in the blastogenesis assay but not in the cytotoxicity reaction. Ammonium sulfate-precipitated immunoglobulin fractions of sera from tumor-bearing BALB/cfC3H mice (TBMS) completely blocked the stimulatory potential of PTCM in both the blastogenesis and the cytotoxicity assays. In the reciprocal experiment to that described above, preabsorption of TBMS immunoglobulins with purified MuMTV completely removed the inhibition of the cytotoxicity but again only partially restored the blastogenic response. The reaction could be completely restored by preabsorption of TBMS with PTCM. These results support the contention of nonvirion antigen involvement in the blastogenesis reaction. In conclusion, these two assay systems detect different antigenic determinants on the MuMTV-expressing tumor cell membranes. Both viral and other antigens appear to be relevant in this model system, and serum factors present in the immunoglobulin fractions of tumor-bearing mice can inhibit T-cell responses directed at either kind of antigenic moieties.
Nursing: Its Principles and Practice. For Hospital and Private Use.
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Continuity of Outpatient Medical Care in Elderly Men
Authors: John H. Wasson
Journal: JAMA (1984)

If an outpatient repeatedly sees the same practitioner, is his care influenced? This double-blind randomized trial examines the effects of outpatient health care provider continuity on the process and outcome of the medical care for 776 men aged 55 years and older. Participants were randomized to two different groups of provider care: provider discontinuity and provider continuity. The outcome of the continuity group was significantly different from that of the discontinuity group. During an 18-month period, patients who had been randomized to the continuity group had fewer emergent admissions (20% v 39%) and a shorter average length of stay (15.5<i>v</i>25.5 days). These patients also perceived that the providers were more knowledgeable, thorough, and interested in patient education. We conclude that continuity of outpatient provider care for men aged 55 years and older results in more patient satisfaction, shorter hospitalizations, and fewer emergent hospital admissions. (<i>JAMA</i>1984;252:2413-2417)
Tick Bite Prevention: Get Naked?
Authors: Henry M. Feder
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Following a case of erythema migrans at a Connecticut nudist camp, a request was made to the University of Connecticut Health Center for a physician who was willing to come to the camp and discuss Lyme disease. Not one to miss such an opportunity, I picked a Saturday in August to visit, a time when the camp population swells to over 300 nudists. The nudists come from all over Connecticut to spend weeks or weekends at the camp. Are nudists more vulnerable to tick bites but, perhaps, less vulnerable to developing undetected rashes? The nudist camp had abundant deer, woods, rocks, and grass—an ideal environment for the deer tick (<i>Ixodes dammini</i>). Tick repellant was not used by the nudists. Over the past year there had been one case of physician-diagnosed erythema migrans acquired at the nudist camp. There were no other identified cases of Lyme disease. What
Cerebral blood flow autoregulation and transcranial doppler sonography in patients with cirrhosis
Authors: Fin Stolze Larsen, Karsten Skovgaard Olsen, Ellen Ejlersen, Bent Adel Hansen, Olaf B. Paulson, Gitte Moos Knudsen
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Impairment of cerebral blood flow (CBF) autoregulation may have serious implications for patients with cirrhosis if arterial hypotension occurs during coma, anesthesia, bleeding, or sepsis. In this study, CBF autoregulation was investigated in patients with cirrhosis with no or mild encephalopathy. Ten patients (median age, 45 years; range, 30 to 61 years) and six healthy volunteers (median age, 30 years; range, 21 to 61 years) were included. Catheters were placed in a radial artery and in the internal jugular vein. Baseline CBF was measured using single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with concomitant measurements of cerebral arteriovenous oxygen content differences (AVDO 2 ). CBF autoregulation was evaluated using the AVDO 2 method and changes in mean flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery (V mean ) as determined by transcranial Doppler (TCD). Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was increased by 30 mm Hg by intravenous norepinephrine, and subsequently decreased by a combination of lower body negative pressure and ganglion blockade, whereas AVDO 2 and V mean were measured at each 5 mm Hg change in MAP. CBF was 61 (range, 45 to 78) mL 100 g −1 min −1 in patients with cirrhosis and 65 (range, 53 to 88) mL 100 g −1 min −1 in volunteers (not significant [NS]). There were no regional differences in CBF between the two groups. Arterial carbon dioxide tension was 31 (23 to 35) mm Hg in patients with cirrhosis and lower, compared with 36 (range, 34 to 37) mm Hg in the volunteers ( P ± .01). For evaluation of autoregulation, MAP was raised to 116 (range 100 to 145) and then decreased to 39 (range, 34 to 50) mm Hg. In 8 of 10 patients with cirrhosis, a lower limit of autoregulation of 74 (range 64 to 103) mm Hg was identified, similar to the value of 74 (range, 53 to 79) mm Hg in the controls. In the two remaining patients with cirrhosis, no lower limit could be established. A statistically significant correlation between V mean and CBF below the lower limit of autoregulation was found in patients with cirrhosis (CBF = 22 + 0.75 ± V mean ; r 2 = .60; P ± .005). CBF autoregulatory capacity seems generally preserved in patients with cirrhosis but the lower limit may be impaired in some patients and can be reliably evaluated using TCD sonography. (Hepatology 1995; 22:730-736.)
Serological Markers as Indicators of Sexual Orientation in AIDS Virus-Infected Men
Authors: J. J. Potterat, J. B. Muth, G. S. Markewich
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> To elucidate patterns of AIDS virus transmission, epidemiologists look for common characteristics among infected persons, usually obtaining information by personal interview. For a virtually constant proportion (6%) of AIDS cases, no risk factor has been identified.<sup>1</sup>We propose an "actuarial" method to reduce the uncertainty that attends current "no identified risks" (NIR) classification, 75% of whom are adult men. In the United States, most AIDS cases are associated with sexual activity of men with other men.<sup>1</sup>It seems reasonable to postulate that most of the NIR male adult cases acquire the disease homosexually; they probably have compelling reasons for denying it. The problem then becomes one of gathering plausible evidence to support or discourage this assumption. There are striking differences in prevalence for certain infections in homosexual and heterosexual populations, providing an opportunity to estimate the probability of a man's membership in one or the
Kveim Test in Sarcoidosis
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A 73-Year-Old Man With Symptomatic Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Authors: Michael J. Barry
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>Dr Parker:</h3> Mr B is a 73-year-old man who has had "prostate trouble" for several years. A former government employee, he lives in a suburb of Boston with his wife and daughter, and is covered by Medicare. He sees Dr N at a primary care practice at the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. On a routine physical examination in 1993, he was noted to have a "firm" large prostate with a possible right prostatic nodule. At that time, he had no urinary symptoms. A prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level was 1.4 ng/mL. By the time of his urologic evaluation in early 1994, Mr B was complaining of nocturia every hour. Six biopsy specimens of the prostate were negative for malignancy, and the results of an ultrasound of the prostate were normal. Postbiopsy prostatitis was treated with a 6-week course of ciprofloxacin. Doxazosin (1 mg at bed-time) was prescribed to help alleviate
British Society of Gastroenterology
Authors: G Caletti, L Bolondi, V Arienti, E Brocchi, S Testa, M Ferrentino, L Zani, F Chong, V Poxon, D Youngs, D Morris, E Albult, C Swain, T Mills, E Shemesh, Julia Dark, S Bown, T Northfield, P Salmon
Journal: Gut (1983)
Strongyloidiasis and Malignant Lymphoma
Authors: Wallace A. Rogers
Journal: JAMA (1966)

INFECTIONS with organisms of low pathogenicity often complicate the treatment of malignant lymphoma. Bacteria and viruses harmless to healthy persons may be fatal to patients with lowered resistance; certain fungi have become notorious for such "opportunistic infections."<sup>1</sup>If a lowly fungus can be called "opportunistic," surely the opprobrium can be applied to a parasitic worm aggressively invading a weakened host. Infections with<i>Strongyloides stercoralis</i>, seldom serious in otherwise healthy persons, can cause the death of those debilitated from malnutrition or other illness. To our knowledge, strongyloidiasis has not been previously reported in association with malignant diseases of the lymphatic system. <h3>Report of Cases</h3><h3>Case 1.—</h3> A 63-year-old white farmer was admitted to the hospital after eight months of weakness, itching, cough, anorexia, and weight loss. The spleen, liver, and superficial lymph nodes were enlarged. The platelet count was 16,000/cu mm and the white blood cell count (WBC) was 2,450/cu
Concomitant Hemophilia and Thrombocytopenia
Authors: Anthony Suffredini
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Coagulation mechanism is notably compromised in patients with classic hemophilia. In view of the fact that platelet-vessel wall interaction is normal in hemophilia, the question arises, would hemostasis be further compromised if thrombocytopenia developed in a patient with severe hemophilia? A MEDLARS literature search revealed no information on this subject. We recently observed this clinical situation in one of our hemophiliac patients in whom severe idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura developed. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 22-year-old patient with severe hemophilia (hemophilia A, factor VIII &lt;1%) was seen for an evaluation of thrombocytopenia. For the last three years he had been receiving factor VIII home infusion program without complications. Approximately seven weeks before admission petechiae and multiple bruises developed on the patient's arms and legs. He described increasing malaise, fatigability, and several episodes of epistaxis. He admitted to having recently used hydromorphone hydrochloride tablets intravenously on multiple occasions. He
W. W. Duke and His Bleeding Time Test
Authors: K. M. Brinkhous
Journal: JAMA (1983)

The 1910 article by Duke<sup>1</sup>on platelets and bleeding has been judged by history to be one of the outstanding contributions to the science and practice of medicine during the first half of this century. In this article, Duke made two tremendous contributions. First, he firmly established with excellent data for the times that platelets are needed for hemostasis and that thrombocytopenia is associated with purpura and other hemorrhagic manifestations. The important role of platelets in the formation of thrombi had already been established in the 1880s by the work of Eberth and Schimmelbusch, Bizzozero, and Hayem. However, the origin of the platelets was uncertain. Hayem erroneously believed they were derived from red cell precursors, a view Osier gently ridiculed with the statement: "I have spent many weary hours over them, but I never caught one 'blushing.' "<sup>2</sup>In 1905, Wright demonstrated the platelet derivation from the megakaryocyte. Spaet,
Information in Natural Languages
Authors: Paul A. Shapiro
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Existing units of "information" fail to have any close correspondence with what we normally mean by the word information. We propose a new measure, the "kernel" which seems to possess five properties which are desirable for any proposed unit of information. We have developed an automated method for extracting kernels of information from the text of surgical operative reports. We can retrieve the information by asking questions in ordinary English. The first step is a dictionary look-up of the form class (similar to "parts of speech") and the seme number (identifying synonymous words) of each work in the operative report. A syntactic analysis and a transformational analysis is then performed to extract the kernels of information. To retrieve information, the questions are analyzed in the same way. The kernels thus obtained are matched to the kernels that have previously been catalogued. This retrieves the specific information that answers the question.
Trends in Postneonatal Mortality in the United States
Authors: Muin J. Khoury
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Trends in postneonatal mortality (PNM) rates in the United States were analyzed for the period 1962 through 1978 using National Center for Health Statistics birth and death certificate data. The PNM rates declined from 5.5 to 3.6 per 1,000 live births for whites and from 15.6 to 7.6 per 1,000 live births for blacks. Most of the decline in PNM rates could be accounted for by a drop in mortality from infectious diseases. A dramatic increase occurred in the reported rates of unexplained sudden infant death (SID), which emerged as the leading reported cause of PNM. The second leading cause of PNM was birth defects among whites and infectious diseases among blacks. Gaps in PNM continued to exist between whites and blacks, and between metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas. These gaps suggest that further improvement in PNM may be possible by improving access to health care. The massive increase in the rates of SID, although partially explained by coding or reporting phenomena, warrants active pursuit for a better pathophysiologic and etiologic delineation of the entity. (<i>JAMA</i>1984;252:367-372)
Low Remission After Therapy for Graves Disease
Authors: Leonard Wartofsky
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Forty-four patients with Graves disease (diffuse toxic goiter) were treated with antithyroid drugs for periods ranging from seven to 46 months and averaging 17.6 months. The incidence of remission was disappointingly low. Remission occurred in four of 35 (11.4%) patients treated for longer than 12 months or in six of the 44 (13.6%) patients in the total treatment group. The patients were followed up in a locale in which recent increases in daily iodine intake have been observed. There may be an inverse relationship between the increasing average daily dietary intake of iodine and the remission rate that may be anticipated after antithyroid drug therapy.
Effect of Neomycin on Azoxymethane-Induced Colon Carcinogenesis in F344 Rats&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1984)
Hypothesis: Possible Role for the Melatonin Receptor in Vitiligo: Discussion Paper
Authors: A Slominski, R Paus, A Bomirski
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1989)

A new unifying hypothesis for the aetiology of vitiligo is proposed, in which we postulate that the final destruction of melanocytes in vitiligo results from a cascade of reactions initiated by a disregulation of melanogenesis, caused by activation of the melatonin receptor. These events result in the high and uncontrolled production of free radicals and toxic products of melanogenesis which sequentially damage or destroy melanocytes and keratinocytes, provoke an autoimmune response against exposed intracellular or altered cell surface antigens, and increase the propensity of melanocytes to undergo malignant transformation.
Excellent prognosis in wilsonian chronic active hepatitis: New data or an article of faith?
Authors: Philip J. Johnson, Roger Williams
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

Twenty of 320 patients with Wilson’s disease initially presented with chemical and laboratory features of chronic active hepatitis, confirmed histologically in 17. When first seen, cirrhosis was present in all 20 and was complicated by ascites and/orjaundice in 11. Within 1 week to 8 years of the onset of overt liver disease the diagnosis of Wilson’s disease was established, and treatment with d-penicillamine was promptly initiated in 19 patients. One man refused treatment and died 4 months later. Treated patients received d-penicillamine or trientine for a total of 264 patient-years (median, 14 patient-years). Abnormal water retention, for which salt restriction and diuretics were added to penicillamine or trientine, disappeared in all but 1 of the patients so affected. Symptomatic improvement and virtually normal levels of serum albumin, bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase followed within 1 year in the majority of subjects. One woman died after 9 months of treatment. Two patients, who became noncompliant with the therapeutic regimen after 9 and 17 years of successful pharmacological treatment, required liver transplants. These results indicate that the prognosis of specifically treated Wilsonian chronic active hepatitis is very good in spite of the presence of cirrhosis.
Pasteurella multocida Infection of a Prosthetic Vascular Graft
Authors: Steve B. Kalish
Journal: JAMA (1983)

THE INCIDENCE of vascular graft infections is reported to range from 0.25% to 6.0%, with<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>as the most frequently isolated microorganism.<sup>1</sup><i>Pasteurella multocida</i>is a nonmotile, gram-negative pleomorphic coccobacillus that has been encountered in a wide variety of infections. It is a common cause of disease in veterinary medicine and also is being reported with increasing frequency as a cause of human infection.<sup>2,3</sup>The following report describes what we believe is the first reported case of vascular graft infection with P multocida. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 61-year-old man was admitted to the hospital in September 1981, complaining of malaise, fever, chills, and groin pain on the right side. The patient had atherosclerotic peripheral vascular disease and, in 1970, underwent revascularization with an aortobifemoral bypass graft. He was well until July 1981, when he experienced a false aneurysm of the left femoral graft, with total occlusion
Theory of Occupational Therapy for Students and Nurses
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal