tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Corrigendum to “International Society of Nephrology first consensus guidance for preclinical animal studies in translational nephrology.” Kidney International, 2023;104:36–45
Authors: Masaomi Nangaku, A. Richard Kitching, Peter Boor, Alessia Fornoni, Jürgen Floege, P. Toby Coates, Jonathan Himmelfarb, Rachel Lennon, Hans-Joachim Anders, Benjamin D. Humphreys, Fergus J. Caskey, Agnes B. Fogo
Journal: Kidney International (2023)

DOI of original article: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kint.2023.03.007 Due to a miscommunication, the name of one of the collaborative authors of the TRANSFORM group, Maria José Soler, was misstated. This has been corrected online. The authors apologize for any inconvenience caused. Andrea Angeletti, Patricia W. Bedard, Ariela Benigni, Anna Björnson Granqvist, Vera Certikova Chabova, Christos Chatziantoniou, Rolando Claure-Del Granado, Jennifer Cross, Sandrine Damster, Jo-Ann Donner, Frank Eitner, Stanislas Faguer, Antonio Fontanella, Yuri Fujimoto, Joseph Gaut, Leslie Gewin, Pernille B.L. Hansen, John Cijiang He, Jeremy Hughes, Reiko Inagi, Celia Jenkinson, Vivekanand Jha, Mikio Kato, Darren Kelly, Jeffrey Kopp, Ron Korstanje, Romaldas Mačiulaitis, Patrick B. Mark, Hans-Peter Marti, Stephen P. McAdoo, Jeffrey H. Miner, Alberto Ortiz, Samir M. Parikh, Ambra Pozzi, Paola Romagnani, Pierre Ronco, Brad H. Rovin, Julio Saez-Rodriguez, Moin A. Saleem, John A. Sayer, Stuart Shankland, Andrey S. Shaw, Maria José Soler, Yusuke Suzuki, Tomoko Takano, Sydney Tang, Rene Tolba, Ifeoma Ulasi, John Viel, Yoshihisa Yamada, Motoko Yanagita, Takashi Yokoo, Nobuya Yoshida, Darren Yuen, Roy Zent, and Aihua Zhang. International Society of Nephrology first consensus guidance for preclinical animal studies in translational nephrologyKidney InternationalVol. 104Issue 1PreviewPreclinical tests in animal models are key steps in early drug development. Consequently, the International Society of Nephrology held a consensus meeting that connected experts in the global kidney community in order to provide guidance on optimal management of translational animal studies for the development of new drugs to treat kidney disease, entitled "TRANSFORM; TRAnslational Nephrology Science FOR new Medications." The meeting covered various themes, including the following: (i) selection of disease model; (ii) pharmacokinetics; (iii) interventions in late preclinical models; (iv) choice of animal; (v) statistical power; (vi) organoids and organ-on-a-chip models; and (vii) reporting of results. Full-Text PDF Open Access
The EyeVu Consortium for global neurosurgery
Authors: Brandon G Smith, Lekaashree Rambabu, Angelos G Kolias, Peter J Hutchinson, Tom Bashford, Tangmi Djabo Eric Adrien, Kehinde Alare, Nneka Lilian Amakom, Phupha Amornkijja, Muhammad Iqbal Aniq, Christos Antonopoulos, Temitayo Ayantayo, Olobatoke Tunde Ayomide, Wesley Barrett, Ngepgou Beckline Tazoah, Daniel Black Boada, Nagheli Fernanda Borjas-Calderón, Charles Britton, Blendi Bylygbashi, Emmanuel Chileshe Phiri, Andrea Cuschieri, Razan Eid, Geneviève Endalle, Olaoluwa Ezekiel Dada, Anyela Flor Bruno Peña, Dipanshu Gandhi, Makinah Haq, Ghina Hussain, Alex Lawrence, Ayda Lazemi, Elena Maerz Engstler, Mubarak Mustapha Jolayemi, Oloruntoba Ogunfolaji, Kassim Omar Kassim, Rushi Patel, Abdur Raafay Iqbal, Sruthi Ranganathan, Marwa Saed Ali Emhemed, Daniel Shao, Shodip Shrestha, Roshen Sidhu, O. Joshua Sokan, Ekwegbara Somtochukwu Mitchel, Chiara Spezzani, Leona Takeuchi, Kübra Tamer, Stasa Tumpa, Abdulhakeem Abubakar Tunde, Weng Tong Wu, Zafer Utku Ulker, Antonia Vogt, Tom Wilkins
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2023)
Cognitive rehabilitation and aerobic exercise for cognitive impairment in people with progressive multiple sclerosis (CogEx): a randomised, blinded, sham-controlled trial
Authors: Anthony Feinstein, Maria Pia Amato, Giampaolo Brichetto, Jeremy Chataway, Nancy D Chiaravalloti, Gary Cutter, Ulrik Dalgas, John DeLuca, Rachel Farrell, Peter Feys, Massimo Filippi, Jennifer Freeman, Matilde Inglese, Cecilia Meza, Robert W Motl, Maria A Rocca, Brian M Sandroff, Amber Salter, Alex Pietrusz, Andrea Tacchino, Angela Smith, Anne Sophie Michelsen, Ashlie Kristin, Blake Bichler, Brendon Truax, Carmen Vizzino, Catherine Danielle Jones, Catherine Holme, Catherine Smith, Charly Keytsman, Chiara Pollio, Chris Cole, Claudia Niccolai, Claudio Cordani, Eleonora Colombo, Elisa Pelosin, Ellen Vanzeir, Fedrica Vannetti, Filippo Gerli, Francesco Maranta, Gianna Riccitelli, Guido Pasquini, Holly Wilkinson, Irene Mosca, James Braisher, Jessica Baird, Jessica Podda, Jimmy Morecraft, Joke Lenaerts, Juliana Puopolo, Kimberley Algie, Laura Kenton, Laura Toll, Laurits T. Madsen, Leen Knevels, Louie Lee, Ludovico Pedullà, Maria Cellerino, Marie Braisher, Marie-Louise Kjeldgaard Jørgensen, Matteo Pardini, Mauro Sibilia, Max Nabarro, Mette Dahl Diedmann, Michael DiBenedetto, Michele Curran, Michelle Koch, Mieke D'Hooge, Nancy Moore, Natasja De Weerdt, Paolo Preziosa, Patrizia Pajak, Petra Silic, Rebecca Bex Walters, Rebecca Finegan, Renee Veldkamp, Roberto Hernandez, Rudi Donnee, Sabrina Casagrande, Samantha Lancia, Sara Della Bella, Séline Vandecasteele, Veerle Vandael
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2023)
Safety and efficacy of tamoxifen in boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (TAMDMD): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial
Authors: Bettina C Henzi, Simone Schmidt, Sara Nagy, Daniela Rubino-Nacht, Sabine Schaedelin, Niveditha Putananickal, Georgia Stimpson, Helge Amthor, Anne-Marie Childs, Nicolas Deconinck, Imelda de Groot, Iain Horrocks, Saskia Houwen-van Opstal, Vincent Laugel, Mercedes Lopez Lobato, Marcos Madruga Garrido, Andrés Nascimento Osorio, Ulrike Schara-Schmidt, Stefan Spinty, Arpad von Moers, Fiona Lawrence, Patricia Hafner, Olivier M Dorchies, Dirk Fischer, Deborah Ridout, Francesco Muntoni, Adnan. Manzur, Rosaline Quinlivan, Giovanni Baranello, Marion Main, Lianne Abbott, Nicola Burnett, Anne-Marie Rohwer, Evelin Milev, Adrian Wolfe, Emer .O'Reilly, Volker Straub, Michela Guglieri, Chiara Bettolo, Robert Muni-Lofra, Meredith James, Jassi Sodhi, Tracey Willis, Elizabeth Wright, Claire Rylance, Nicola Birchall, Anne-Marie Childs, Karen Pysden, Cristina Martos-Lozano, Lindsey Pallant, Steph Wadsworth, Stefan Spinty, Rajesh Madhu, Rajesh Karuvattil, Sarah Gregson, Stuart Clark, Elizabeth Wraige, Heinz Jungbluth, Vasantha Gowda, Maria Vanegas, Ennie Sheehan, Amy Wolfe, Alex Schofield, Imelda Hughes, Gary McCullagh, Emily Whitehouse, Uma. Varma, Sinead Warner, Emily Reading, Lucy. Benson, Tracey Willis, Jenny Moustoukas, Kate Strachan, Nicholas Emery, Min Ong, Mark Atherton, Sarah Durso, Kay White, Neil Hinde, Kate Skone, Silvia Sanchez Marco, Anurag Saxena, Frances Gibbon, Johann TeWaterNaude, Hayley Davis, Laura Thompson, Anirban Majumdar, Archana Murugan, Mollie Lynch, Emily Milton, Iolanda Guarino, Richard Tomlinson, Heather Jarvis, Jane Berry, Lucy Wills, Claire Frimpong-Ansah, Jackie Watson, Gemma Robertson, Gavin Cobb, Julie Burslem, Iain Horrocks, Jarod Wong, Andreas Brunklaus, Marina DiMarco, Sarah Brown, Susanne Mckenzie, Krupa Torne, Rana Mohamed, Vel Velmurugan, Manish Prasad, Saam Sedehizadeh, Sarah Williamson, Paula Fenty, Christian Degoede, Amy Parkes, Marjorie Illingworth, Neeraj Bhangu, Michelle Geary, Jenni Palmer, Catherine Shill, Cathy White, Kathryn Greenfield, Heledd Tomos, Sarah Gates, Sandya Tirupathi, Ayaz Shah, Dara O'Donoghue, Janine McVeigh, Jaci .McFetridge, Grainne Nic Fhirleinn, Nahin Hussain, Dhinesh Baskaran, Zubeida Lambat, Gautam Ambegaonkar, Deepa Krishnakumar, Jacqui Taylor, Jo Moores, Elma Stephen, Jane Tewnion, Sithara Ramdas, Mario Sa, Laurent Servais, Charlotte Lilien, Hayley Ramjattan, Francesca Taylor, Hayley English, Deepak Parasuraman, Rosanna Rabb, Heather McMurchie
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2023)
Combined inhibition of Bcl-2 family members and YAP induces synthetic lethality in metastatic gastric cancer with RASA1 and NF2 deficiency
Authors: Jong-Wan Kwon, Jeong-Seop Oh, Sang Hyeok Seok, Hyeok-Won An, Yu Jin Lee, Na Yun Lee, Taehun Ha, Hyeon Ah Kim, Gyeong Min Yoon, Sung Eun Kim, Pu-Reum Oh, Su-Hyung Lee, Dominic C. Voon, Dae-Yong Kim, Jun Won Park
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2023)

Abstract Background Targetable molecular drivers of gastric cancer (GC) metastasis remain largely unidentified, leading to limited targeted therapy options for advanced GC. We aimed to identify molecular drivers for metastasis and devise corresponding therapeutic strategies. Methods We performed an unbiased in vivo genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 knockout (KO) screening in peritoneal dissemination using genetically engineered GC mouse models. Candidate genes were validated through in vivo transplantation assays using KO cells. We analyzed target expression patterns in GC clinical samples using immunohistochemistry. The functional contributions of target genes were studied through knockdown, KO, and overexpression approaches in tumorsphere and organoid assays. Small chemical inhibitors against Bcl-2 members and YAP were tested in vitro and in vivo . Results We identified Nf2 and Rasa1 as metastasis-suppressing genes through the screening. Clinically, RASA1 mutations along with low NF2 expression define a distinct molecular subtype of metastatic GC exhibiting aggressive traits. NF2 and RASA1 deficiency increased in vivo metastasis and in vitro tumorsphere formation by synergistically amplifying Wnt and YAP signaling in cancer stem cells (CSCs). NF2 deficiency enhanced Bcl-2-mediated Wnt signaling, conferring resistance to YAP inhibition in CSCs. This resistance was counteracted via synthetic lethality achieved by simultaneous inhibition of YAP and Bcl-2. RASA1 deficiency amplified the Wnt pathway via Bcl-xL, contributing to cancer stemness. RASA1 mutation created vulnerability to Bcl-xL inhibition, but the additional NF2 deletion conferred resistance to Bcl-xL inhibition due to YAP activation. The combined inhibition of Bcl-xL and YAP synergistically suppressed cancer stemness and in vivo metastasis in RASA1 and NF2 co-deficiency. Conclusion Our research unveils the intricate interplay between YAP and Bcl-2 family members, which can lead to synthetic lethality, offering a potential strategy to overcome drug resistance. Importantly, our findings support a personalized medicine approach where combined therapy targeting YAP and Bcl-2, tailored to NF2 and RASA1 status, could effectively manage metastatic GC.
Risk of Death Due to Pregnancy-Associated Cancers—More Questions Than Answers—Reply
Authors: Zoe F. Cairncross, Gregg Nelson, Amy Metcalfe
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Rare Genetic Drivers of Lethal Prostate Cancer
Authors: Alexander W. Wyatt
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 infection based on self-administered swabs, Denmark, May to July 2022: evaluation of a pilot study
Authors: Kamille Fogh, Tine Graakjær Larsen, Cyril Jean-Marie Martel, Frederik Trier Møller, Lasse Skafte Vestergaard, Ramona Trebbien, Anne-Marie Vangsted, Tyra Grove Krause
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2023)

BackgroundDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, the Danish National Institute for Infectious Disease, Statens Serum Institute (SSI) developed a home-based SARS-CoV-2 surveillance system.AimsWe wanted to determine whether a cohort of individuals performing self-administered swabs for PCR at home could support surveillance of SARS-CoV-2, including detection and assessment of new variants. We also aimed to evaluate the logistical setup.MethodsFrom May to July 2022, 10,000 blood donors were invited to participate, along with their household members. Participation required performing a self-swab for 4 consecutive weeks and answering symptom questionnaires via a web app. Swabs were sent by post to SSI for PCR analysis and whole genome sequencing. After study completion, participants were asked to complete a questionnaire concerning their experience.ResultsIn total, 2,186 individuals enrolled (47.4% blood donors), and 1,333 performed self-swabbing (53.0 blood donors), of whom 48 had at least one SARS-CoV-2-positive sample. Fourteen different Omicron subvariants, primarily BA.5 subvariants, were identified by whole genome sequencing (WGS). In total, 29 of the 63 SARS-CoV-2-positive samples were taken from individuals who were asymptomatic at the time of swabbing. Participants collected 2.9 swabs on average, with varying intervals between swabs. Transmission within households was observed in only three of 25 households.ConclusionParticipants successfully performed self-swabs and answered symptom questionnaires. Also, WGS analysis of samples was possible. The system can support surveillance of respiratory pathogens and also holds potential as a diagnostic tool, easing access to test for at-risk groups, while also reducing the burden on healthcare system resources.
Incidence of Diabetes Among Youth Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Matthew T. Mefford, Rong Wei, Eva Lustigova, John P. Martin, Kristi Reynolds
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Prior research found increases in diabetes among youth during the COVID-19 pandemic, but few studies examined variation across sociodemographics.To examine diabetes incidence rates among a diverse population of youth in the US before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.This cohort study included data from Kaiser Permanente Southern California (KPSC) between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2021. KPSC members aged from birth to 19 years with no history of diabetes were included. Individuals were followed up using electronic health records for diabetes incidence defined using diagnoses, laboratory values, and medications. Analyses were conducted between November 2022 and January 2023.Age- and sex-standardized annual and quarterly incidence rates per 100 000 person-years (PYs) were calculated for type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes between 2016 and 2021. Rates were calculated within strata of age (<10 and 10-19 years), sex, and race and ethnicity (Asian/Pacific Islander, Hispanic, non-Hispanic Black, non-Hispanic White, and other/multiple/unknown). Using Poisson regression with robust error variances, incidence rate ratios (IRR) comparing 2020 to 2021 with 2016 to 2019 were calculated by diabetes type and within age, sex, and race and ethnicity strata and adjusting for health care utilization.Between 2016 to 2021, there were 1200, 1100, and 63 patients with type 1 diabetes (mean [SD] age, 11.0 [4.5] years; 687 [57.3%] male), type 2 diabetes (mean [SD] age, 15.7 [2.7] years; 516 [46.9%] male), and other diabetes, respectively. Incidence of type 1 diabetes increased from 18.5 per 100 000 PYs in 2016 to 2019 to 22.4 per 100 000 PYs from 2020 to 2021 with increased IRRs among individuals aged 10 to 19 years, male individuals, and Hispanic individuals. Incidence of type 2 diabetes increased from 14.8 per 100 000 PYs from 2016 to 2019 to 24.7 per 100 000 PYs from 2020 to 2021 with increased IRRs among individuals aged 10 to 19 years, male and female individuals, and those with Black, Hispanic, and other/unknown race and ethnicity.In this cohort study of youth in KPSC, incidence of diabetes increased during the COVID-19 pandemic and was more pronounced in specific racial and ethnic groups. Future research to understand differential impacts of physiologic and behavioral risk factors is warranted.
Telomere length and risk of cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and cholangiocarcinoma in 63,272 individuals from the general population
Authors: Helene Gellert-Kristensen, Stig E. Bojesen, Anne Tybjærg Hansen, Stefan Stender
Journal: Hepatology (2023)

Background and Aims: Inherited short telomeres are associated with a risk of liver disease, whereas longer telomeres predispose to cancer. The association between telomere length and risk of HCC and cholangiocarcinoma remains unknown. Approach and Results: We measured leukocyte telomere length using multiplex PCR in 63,272 individuals from the Danish general population. Telomere length and plasma ALT concentration were not associated (β = 4 ×10 −6 , p -value = 0.06) in a linear regression model, without any signs of a nonlinear relationship. We tested the association between telomere length and risk of cirrhosis, HCC, and cholangiocarcinoma using Cox regression. During a median follow-up of 11 years, 241, 76, and 112 individuals developed cirrhosis, HCC, and cholangiocarcinoma, respectively. Telomere length and risk of cirrhosis were inversely and linearly associated ( p -value = 0.004, p for nonlinearity = 0.27). Individuals with telomeres in the shortest vs. longest quartile had a 2.25-fold higher risk of cirrhosis. Telomere length and risk of HCC were nonlinearly associated ( p -value = 0.009, p -value for nonlinearity = 0.01). This relationship resembled an inverted J-shape, with the highest risk observed in individuals with short telomeres. Individuals with telomeres in the shortest versus longest quartile had a 2.29-fold higher risk of HCC. Telomere length was inversely and linearly associated with the risk of cholangiocarcinoma. Individuals with telomeres in the shortest versus longest quartile had a 1.86-fold higher risk of cholangiocarcinoma. Conclusions: Shorter telomere length is associated with a higher risk of cirrhosis, HCC, and cholangiocarcinoma.
Ten-Patient Trial: Remarkable Responses in Pediatric Cancers
Authors: Elaine R. Mardis
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2023)

Summary A clinical trial of nivolumab in 10 patients with pediatric cancer with high tumor mutational burden demonstrated complete responses in 50% of patients. This result recapitulates multiple clinical trial results in high mutation–burden adult cancers and may redefine best practice in the setting of germline DNA mismatch repair–based susceptibility. See related article by Das et al., p. 4770
Spatial proteomics of immune microenvironment in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-associated hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Meiyi Li, Lina Wang, Liang Cong, Chi Chun Wong, Xiang Zhang, Huarong Chen, Tao Zeng, Bin Li, Xian Jia, Jihui Huo, Yuhua Huang, Xiaoxue Ren, Sui Peng, Guo Fu, Lixia Xu, Joseph J.Y. Sung, Ming Kuang, Xiaoxing Li, Jun Yu
Journal: Hepatology (2023)

Background and Aims: NASH-HCC is inherently resistant to immune checkpoint blockade, but its tumor immune microenvironment is largely unknown. Approach and Results: We applied the imaging mass cytometry to construct a spatially resolved single-cell atlas from the formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue sections from patients with NASH-HCC, virus-HCC (HBV-HCC and HCV-HCC), and healthy donors. Based on 35 biomarkers, over 750,000 individual cells were categorized into 13 distinct cell types, together with the expression of key immune functional markers. Higher infiltration of T cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSCs), and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in HCC compared to controls. The distribution of immune cells in NASH-HCC is spatially heterogeneous, enriched at adjacent normal tissues and declined toward tumors. Cell-cell connections analysis revealed the interplay of MDSCs and TAMs with CD8 + T cells in NASH-HCC. In particular, exhausted programmed cell death 1 (PD-1 + )CD8 + T cells connected with programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1 + )/inducible T cell costimulator (ICOS + ) MDSCs and TAMs in NASH-HCC, but not in viral HCC. In contrast, CD4 + /CD8 + T cells with granzyme B positivity were reduced in NASH-HCC. Tumor cells expressed low PD-L1 and showed few connections with immune cells. Conclusions: Our work provides the first detailed spatial map of single-cell phenotypes and multicellular connections in NASH-HCC. We demonstrate that interactions between MDSCs and TAMs with effector T cells underlie immunosuppression in NASH-HCC and are an actionable target.
National prevalence estimates for steatotic liver disease and subclassifications using consensus nomenclature
Authors: Brian P. Lee, Jennifer L. Dodge, Norah A. Terrault
Journal: Hepatology (2023)

Background and Aims: The multisociety consensus nomenclature has renamed NAFLD to steatotic liver disease (SLD) with various subclassifications. There is a paucity of data regarding how the new nomenclature modifies our understanding of disease prevalence and patient phenotypes. Approach and Results: Using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from January 2017 to March 2020, we included all participants aged 18 years or above with complete vibration-controlled transient elastography measures. SLD and its subclassifications [metabolic dysfunction-associated SLD (MASLD), MASLD + increased alcohol intake (MetALD), alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD), etiology-specific/cryptogenic] were defined according to consensus nomenclature. National SLD prevalence and subclassifications were estimated, and among key subgroups [age, sex, race/ethnicity, advanced liver fibrosis (liver stiffness measurement [LSM] ≥11.7 kPa)]. Among 7367 participants, 2549 had SLD (mean age 51 y, 57.7% male, 63.2% non-Hispanic White). The estimated prevalence of SLD was 34.2% (95% CI 31.9%–36.5%): MASLD 31.3% (29.2%–33.4%), MetALD 2% (1.6%–2.9%), ALD 0.7% (0.5–0.9%), etiology-specific/cryptogenic 0.03% (0.01%–0.08%). In exploratory analyses, participants classified as non-SLD with (vs. without) advanced fibrosis had a higher mean number of metabolic risk factors [2.7 (2.3–3.1) vs. 2.0 (1.9–2.0)] and a higher proportion with average alcohol use ≥20 g/d (women)/≥30 g/d (men) [20.9% (6.2%–51.3%) vs. 7.2% (6.1%–8.4%)]. In another exploratory analysis, increasing quantities of alcohol use remaining below the threshold for MASLD + increased alcohol intake were associated with advanced liver fibrosis in men, but not women. There was 99% overlap in cases of NAFLD and MASLD. Conclusions: Our findings highlight the utility of the new consensus nomenclature to address deficiencies present with the old nomenclature, and identify areas that require research to further refine classifications of SLD.