tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Neoadjuvant docetaxel, oxaliplatin plus capecitabine versus oxaliplatin plus capecitabine for patients with locally advanced gastric adenocarcinoma: long-term results of a phase III randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yuan Tian, Peigang Yang, Honghai Guo, Yang Liu, Ze Zhang, Pingan Ding, Tao Zheng, Huiyan Deng, Wenqian Ma, Yong Li, Liqiao Fan, Zhidong Zhang, Dong Wang, Xuefeng Zhao, Bibo Tan, Yu Liu, Qun Zhao
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with docetaxel, oxaliplatin, and capecitabine (DOX regimen) is rarely used in Eastern countries and its efficacy and safety in advanced gastric cancer have not been reported. In this open-label, randomized, controlled trial, the authors aimed to assess the clinical efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy using the DOX and oxaliplatin plus capecitabine (XELOX) regimens, in comparison to surgery alone.
Aspergillus-specific IgG antibodies for diagnosing chronic pulmonary aspergillosis compared to the reference standard
Authors: Helmut J.F. Salzer, Maja Reimann, Carolin Oertel, Jesper Rømhild Davidsen, Christian B. Laursen, Eva Van Braeckel, Ritesh Agarwal, Korkut Avsar, Oxana Munteanu, Muhammed Irfan, Christoph Lange
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2023)
Single-cell transcriptomic analysis uncovers the origin and intratumoral heterogeneity of parotid pleomorphic adenoma
Authors: Xiuyun Xu, Jiaxiang Xie, Rongsong Ling, Shengqi Ouyang, Gan Xiong, Yanwen Lu, Bokai Yun, Ming Zhang, Wenjin Wang, Xiqiang Liu, Demeng Chen, Cheng Wang
Journal: International Journal of Oral Science (2023)

Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is the most common benign tumour in the salivary gland and has high morphological complexity. However, the origin and intratumoral heterogeneity of PA are largely unknown. Here, we constructed a comprehensive atlas of PA at single-cell resolution and showed that PA exhibited five tumour subpopulations, three recapitulating the epithelial states of the normal parotid gland, and two PA-specific epithelial cell (PASE) populations unique to tumours. Then, six subgroups of PASE cells were identified, which varied in epithelium, bone, immune, metabolism, stemness and cell cycle signatures. Moreover, we revealed that CD36+ myoepithelial cells were the tumour-initiating cells (TICs) in PA, and were dominated by the PI3K-AKT pathway. Targeting the PI3K-AKT pathway significantly inhibited CD36+ myoepithelial cell-derived tumour spheres and the growth of PA organoids. Our results provide new insights into the diversity and origin of PA, offering an important clinical implication for targeting the PI3K-AKT signalling pathway in PA treatment.
The FDA approves the second OTC naloxone – a step toward opioid crisis mitigation
Authors: Sardar N. Qayyum, Rafay S. Ansari, Irfan Ullah, Dima Siblini
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

Qayyum, Sardar N. MBBS; Ansari, Rafay S. MBBS; Ullah, Irfan MBBS; Siblini, Dima MD Author Information
The definition and global epidemiology of nonmobile colistin resistance (NMCR-3) determinants in Aeromonas from 1968 to 2022
Authors: Keyi Yu, Zhenzhou Huang, Yue Xiao, Xuemei Bai, He Gao, Duochun Wang
Journal: Drug Resistance Updates (2023)

Polymyxins are the last line of defense in infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. The chromosomal EptA in Aeromonas genus was defined as a nonmobile colistin resistance determinant 3 (NMCR-3). A total of 14 NMCR-3 genotypes were identified. The global prevalence of Aeromonas-borne NMCRs and MCRs indicates an increasing trend from 1968 to 2022. And an index of resistance risk, i.e, the ratio of η = MCR/NMCR, was proposed to evaluate the propagation potential of NMCR-3. The colistin resistance in North America and Europe faced a high risk of increasing incidence of MCR since large proportions of NMCR-3 variants disseminated from Aeromonas sources. We concluded that NMCR-3 variants act natural progenitors for MCR-3/5/7, and the future MCR variant(s) will most likely be MCR-5 or MCR-7, which is also an early warning of next MCR(s) emerging in Aeromonas.
Metastatic site patterns by intrinsic subtype and HER2DX in early HER2-positive breast cancer
Authors: Maria Vittoria Dieci, PierFranco Conte, Giancarlo Bisagni, Stefania Bartolini, Antonio Frassoldati, Daniele Generali, Federico Piacentini, Gaia Griguolo, Enrico Tagliafico, Fara Brasó Maristany, Nuria Chic, Laia Paré, Federica Miglietta, Roberto Vicini, Roberto D’Amico, Sara Balduzzi, Aleix Prat, Valentina Guarneri
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2023)

Even with contemporary treatment strategies, more than 10% of HER2-positive early stage breast cancer patients may experience distant metastasis as first event during follow-up. Tools for predicting unique patterns of metastatic spread are needed to plan personalized surveillance. We evaluated how molecular heterogeneity affects the pattern of distant relapse in HER2-positive breast cancer.
Bibliometric analysis and visualization of research trends in total mesorectal excision in the past twenty years
Authors: Yun Pan, Xianyu Deng, Xin Chen, Moubin Lin
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

Background: Rectal cancer leads a major disease burden worldwide. Total mesorectal excision (TME) is the standard treatment for locally advanced or node-positive rectal cancer, while attempts to improve the surgery such as laparoscopic and transanal TME are widely used but have their inherent limitations. This bibliometric study analyzed research trends, cooperation and knowledge dissemination on TME over the past 20 years to inform future directions. Methods: Relevant literature from 2003-2023 was extracted from Web of Science Core Collection and analyzed with VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and R for publication patterns, countries, institutions, authors, and research hotspots. Results: 5,345 related publications were included, with rising annual output and citations. The US and China contributed the most studies, while the Netherlands had greater influence. Leiden University ranked first in publications. Top authors were Heald, Kapiteijn, Sauer, Nagtegaal, and Peeters. Researches shifted from cancer-focused to patient-centered care and from radiotherapy/chemotherapy to advanced surgery. Multicenter trials became more common. Conclusion: Although the United States and China have the largest number of publications, it should be noted that the influence of these two countries in the field of TME research is not the highest, which does not match the number of publications. In addition, telemedicine, interdisciplinary, medical-industrial integration, etc. may be potential directions for future research in the field of TME.
Long-term survival after major trauma: a retrospective nationwide cohort study from the National Health Insurance Research Database
Authors: Ling-Wei Kuo, Yu-Hsin Wang, Chia-Cheng Wang, Yu-Tung A. Huang, Chih-Po Hsu, Yu-San Tee, Szu-An Chen, Chien-An Liao
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

Background: Most trauma-related studies are focused on short-term survival and complications within the index admission, and the long-term outcomes beyond discharge are mainly unknown. The purpose of this study was to analyze the data from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) and to assess the long-term survival of major trauma patients after being discharged from the index admission. Material and Methods: This retrospective, observational study included all patients with major trauma (injury severity score ≥16) in Taiwan from 2003 to 2007, and a 10-year follow-up was conducted on this cohort. Patients aged 18–70 who survived the index admission were enrolled. Patients who survived less than one year after discharge (short survival, SS) and those who survived for more than one year (long survival, LS) were compared. Variables, including preexisting factors, injury types, and short-term outcomes and complications, were analyzed, and the 10-year Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was conducted. Results: In our study, 9896 patients were included, with 2736 in the SS group and 7160 in the LS group. Age, sex, comorbidities, low income, cardiopulmonary resuscitation event, prolonged mechanical ventilation, prolonged ICU length of stay (LOS), and prolonged hospital LOS were identified as the independent risk factors of SS. The 10-year cumulative survival for major trauma patients was 63.71%, and the most mortality (27.64%) occurred within the first year after discharge. Conclusion: 27.64% of patients would die one year after being discharged from major trauma. Major trauma patients who survived the index admission still had significantly worse long-term survival than the general population, but the curve flattened and resembled the general population after one year.
Advances in CAR T-cell therapy for treating patients with mantle cell lymphoma: a critical appraisal
Authors: Ruhul Amin, Ronald Darwin, Sandip Chakraborty, Abhijit Dey, Kuldeep Dhama, Talha Bin Emran
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

Amin, Ruhul PhD; Darwin, Ronald PhD; Chakraborty, Sandip PhD; Dey, Abhijit PhD; Dhama, Kuldeep PhD; Emran, Talha Bin PhD Author Information
Correction: Endoscopic removal of an extraluminal gastrointestinal stromal tumor recurrence located on the surgical stapler line at gastroesophageal junction
Authors: Thomas Thomaidis, An-Yi Xiang, Orestis Lyros, Ilias Athanasiadis, George Kallimanis, Dimitris Papaioannou, Ping-Hong Zhou
Journal: Endoscopy (2023)

Correction to: Endoscopic removal of an extraluminal gastrointestinal stromal tumor recurrence located on the surgical stapler line at gastroesophageal junctionEndoscopy 2023; 55(S 01): E896-E897DOI: 10.1055/a-2113-9985
Double Emulsion‐Mediated Delivery of Polyphenol Mixture Alleviates Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Subin Choi, Junghyeon Ko, Su‐Bin Park, Joo‐Young Kim, Jung‐Hwa Ha, Sangho Roh, Young‐Hyeon An, Nathaniel S. Hwang
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Although the polyphenols have been studied to alleviate inflammation, there are still challenges to delivering the polyphenols with stabilized formulation due to their low water solubility and susceptibility to oxidation. Herein, the transdermal delivery system of polyphenol mixture (PM), including quercetin (Q), phloretin (P), and ellagic acid (E), is developed using double emulsion for applying to atopic dermatitis (AD). Through the in vitro anti-degranulation assay, the optimal molar ratio of each polyphenol (Q:P:E = 5:1:1) is obtained, and the PM shows at most a 43.6% reduction of degranulation of immune cells, which is the primary factor of AD. Moreover, the water-in-oil-in-water double emulsion (W/O/W) enhances the PM's stability and has a higher anti-degranulation effect than the oil-in-water emulsion (O/W). In the in vivo 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB)-induced mice AD model, PM reduces more AD symptoms than every single polyphenol. The PM-encapsulated W/O/W (PM_W/O/W) shows the most effectiveness in AD by decreasing dermatitis score, i.e., skin/ear thickness, mast cells, and serum IgE level. Finally, this suggests that the findings on the optimal ratio of PM and double emulsion-based delivery would be beneficial in treating AD and can be applied to other allergic diseases.
A commentary on ‘The efficacy and safety of probiotics for prevention of chemoradiotherapy-induced diarrhea in people with abdominal and pelvic cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis based on 23 randomized studies’
Authors: Yuan Liu, Letian Qiao, Han Liu, Yingxia Xie
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

aDepartment of Pharmacy, First People's Hospital of Shangqiu, Henan bChinese Preventive Medicine Association, Beijing, People's Republic of China Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article. Published online ■ ■ *Corresponding author. Address: Chinese Preventive Medicine Association, Beijing 100021, People's Republic of China. Tel.: 15201215242. E-mail: [email protected] (H. Liu). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Effect of differing flap reconstruction strategies in perineal closure following advanced pelvic oncological resection: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Norman J. Galbraith, Catherine McCollum, Lucia Di Mascio, Joanna Lowrie, Matthew Hinckley, Steven Lo, Stuart Watson, John R.C. Telfer, Campbell S. Roxburgh, Paul G. Horgan, Peter S. Chong, Martha Quinn, Colin. W. Steele
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

Advancing approaches to locally invasive pelvic malignancy creates a large tissue defect resulting in perineal wound complications, dehiscence, and perineal hernia. Use of reconstructive flaps such as vertical rectus abdominus myocutaneous (VRAM) flap, gracilis, anterolateral thigh and gluteal flaps have been utilised in our institution to address perineal closure. The authors compared outcomes using different flap techniques along with primary perineal closure in advanced pelvic oncological resection.
Implementing the first program of minimally invasive esophagectomy for cancer in Israel: shifting the paradigm in a high-volume center – a cohort study
Authors: Daniel Solomon, Elad Sarfaty, Nikolai Menasherov, Vyacheslav Bard, Raphael Bueno, Hanoch Kashtan
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

Esophagectomy is associated with significant perioperative morbidity. Limited data are available on the process of implementation of minimally invasive techniques in esophagectomy and related outcomes. The authors sought to describe implementation processes and outcomes following the implementation of the first minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) program at a high-volume center in Israel under the mentorship of American early adopters.Patients who underwent esophagectomy for esophageal carcinoma 2011-2022 were included. Early and late cohorts were created for learning curve analysis. Secondary analysis included patients who underwent open esophagectomy 1997-2011.Overall, 300 patients underwent MIE: three-field MIE (3F-MIE) was performed in 242 (80.7%) patients, two-field MIE (2F-MIE) in 58 (19.3%) patients. Following program implementation in 2012, the number of MIE performed increased during the first 3 years ( n =33, 86.8% in 2015). Among 3F-MIE patients, a higher number of retrieved lymph nodes was reported during later cases (median, IQR1-3 17, 12-23 vs. 12, 8-12, P <0.001) while surgeries required a longer time (median, IQR1-3 300 min, 261-355 vs. 262.5, 239-300, P <0.001). Among 2F-MIE patients, the late cohort had lower rates of prolonged ICU admissions than earlier counterparts ( n =2, 6.9% vs. n =9, 31%, P =0.041), overall and severe 30-day complications ( n =12, 41.4% vs. n =23, 79.3%, P <0.001 and n =7, 24.1% vs. n =23, 79.3%, P =0.003).MIE was safely implemented. Nodal yield was higher among MIE patients than open esophagectomy. During the study years, open approach was gradually abandoned in favor of 3F-MIE procedures, while 2F-MIE increased over the course of the last years.
PLK1 as a cooperating partner for BCL2-mediated antiapoptotic program in leukemia
Authors: Kinjal Shah, Ahmad Nasimian, Mehreen Ahmed, Lina Al Ashiri, Linn Denison, Wondossen Sime, Katerina Bendak, Iryna Kolosenko, Valentina Siino, Fredrik Levander, Caroline Palm-Apergi, Ramin Massoumi, Richard B. Lock, Julhash U. Kazi
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2023)

The deregulation of BCL2 family proteins plays a crucial role in leukemia development. Therefore, pharmacological inhibition of this family of proteins is becoming a prevalent treatment method. However, due to the emergence of primary and acquired resistance, efficacy is compromised in clinical or preclinical settings. We developed a drug sensitivity prediction model utilizing a deep tabular learning algorithm for the assessment of venetoclax sensitivity in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) patient samples. Through analysis of predicted venetoclax-sensitive and resistant samples, PLK1 was identified as a cooperating partner for the BCL2-mediated antiapoptotic program. This finding was substantiated by additional data obtained through phosphoproteomics and high-throughput kinase screening. Concurrent treatment using venetoclax with PLK1-specific inhibitors and PLK1 knockdown demonstrated a greater therapeutic effect on T-ALL cell lines, patient-derived xenografts, and engrafted mice compared with using each treatment separately. Mechanistically, the attenuation of PLK1 enhanced BCL2 inhibitor sensitivity through upregulation of BCL2L13 and PMAIP1 expression. Collectively, these findings underscore the dependency of T-ALL on PLK1 and postulate a plausible regulatory mechanism.
Molecular features of prostate cancer after neoadjuvant therapy in the phase 3 CALGB 90203 trial
Authors: Takayuki Sumiyoshi, Xiaofei Wang, Evan W Warner, Andrea Sboner, Matti Annala, Michael Sigouros, Kevin Beja, Kei Mizuno, Shengyu Ku, Ladan Fazli, James Eastham, Mary-Ellen Taplin, Jeffrey Simko, Susan Halabi, Michael J Morris, Martin E Gleave, Alexander W Wyatt, Himisha Beltran
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2023)

Abstract Background The phase 3 CALGB 90203 (Alliance) trial evaluated neoadjuvant chemohormonal therapy for high-risk localized prostate cancer before radical prostatectomy. We dissected the molecular features of post-treated tumors with long-term clinical outcomes to explore mechanisms of response and resistance to chemohormonal therapy. Methods We evaluated 471 radical prostatectomy tumors, including 294 samples from 166 patients treated with 6 cycles of docetaxel plus androgen deprivation therapy before radical prostatectomy and 177 samples from 97 patients in the control arm (radical prostatectomy alone). Targeted DNA sequencing and RNA expression of tumor foci and adjacent noncancer regions were analyzed in conjunction with pathologic changes and clinical outcomes. Results Tumor fraction estimated from DNA sequencing was significantly lower in post-treated tumor tissues after chemohormonal therapy compared with controls. Higher tumor fraction after chemohormonal therapy was associated with aggressive pathologic features and poor outcomes, including prostate-specific antigen–progression-free survival. SPOP alterations were infrequently detected after chemohormonal therapy, while TP53 alterations were enriched and associated with shorter overall survival. Residual tumor fraction after chemohormonal therapy was linked to higher expression of androgen receptor–regulated genes, cell cycle genes, and neuroendocrine genes, suggesting persistent populations of active prostate cancer cells. Supervised clustering of post–treated high-tumor-fraction tissues identified a group of patients with elevated cell cycle–related gene expression and poor clinical outcomes. Conclusions Distinct recurrent prostate cancer genomic and transcriptomic features are observed after exposure to docetaxel and androgen deprivation therapy. Tumor fraction assessed by DNA sequencing quantifies pathologic response and could be a useful trial endpoint or prognostic biomarker. TP53 alterations and high cell cycle transcriptomic activity are linked to aggressive residual disease, despite potent chemohormonal therapy.
Auxiliary use of ChatGPT in surgical diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Kahei AU, Wah Yang
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

ChatGPT can be used as an auxiliary tool in surgical diagnosis and treatment in several ways. One of the most incredible values of using ChatGPT is its ability to quickly process and handle large amounts of data and provide relatively accurate information to healthcare workers. Due to its high accuracy and ability to process big data, ChatGPT has been widely used in the healthcare industry for tasks such as assisting medical diagnosis, giving predictions of some diseases, and analyzing some medical cases. Surgical diagnosis and treatment can serve as an auxiliary tool to help healthcare professionals. Process large amounts of medical data, provide real-time guidance and feedback, and increase healthcare’s overall speed and quality. Although it has great acceptance, it still faces issues such as ethics, patient privacy, data security, law, trustworthiness, and accuracy. This study aimed to explore the auxiliary use of ChatGPT in surgical diagnosis and treatment.
Lower Airway Dysbiosis Augments Lung Inflammatory Injury in Mild-to-Moderate Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Imran Sulaiman, Benjamin G. Wu, Matthew Chung, Bradley Isaacs, Jun-Chieh J. Tsay, Meredith Holub, Clea R. Barnett, Benjamin Kwok, Matthias C. Kugler, Jake G. Natalini, Shivani Singh, Yonghua Li, Rosemary Schluger, Joseph Carpenito, Destiny Collazo, Luisanny Perez, Yaa Kyeremateng, Miao Chang, Christina D. Campbell, Philip M. Hansbro, Beno W. Oppenheimer, Kenneth I. Berger, Roberta M. Goldring, Sergei B. Koralov, Michael D. Weiden, Rui Xiao, Jeanine D’Armiento, Jose C. Clemente, Elodie Ghedin, Leopoldo N. Segal
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2023)

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with high morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Cigarette smoke is a causative factor; however, not all heavy smokers develop COPD. Microbial colonization and infections are contributing factors to disease progression in advanced stages.
Traumatic spinal injury-related hospitalizations in the United States, 2016–2019: a retrospective study
Authors: Jiuxiao Sun, Wenjian Yuan, Ruiyuan Zheng, Chi Zhang, Bin Guan, Jiaming Ding, Zhuo Chen, Qingyu Sun, Runhan Fu, Lingxiao Chen, Hengxing Zhou, Shiqing Feng
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

Background: Traumatic spinal injury (TSI) is associated with significant fatality and social burden; however, the epidemiology and treatment of patients with TSI in the US remain unclear. Materials and methods: An adult population was selected from the National Inpatient Sample database from 2016 to 2019. TSI incidence was calculated and TSI-related hospitalizations were divided into operative and nonoperative groups according to the treatments received. TSIs were classified as fracture, dislocation, internal organ injury, nerve root injury, or sprain injuries based on their nature. The annual percentage change (APC) was calculated to identify trends. In-hospital deaths were utilized to evaluate the prognosis of different TSIs. Results: Overall, 95 047 adult patients were hospitalized with TSI in the US from 2016 to 2019, with an incidence rate of 48.4 per 100 000 persons in 2019 (95% CI: 46.2–50.6). The total incidence increased with an APC of 1.5% (95% CI: 0.1–3%) from 2016 to 2019. Operative TSI treatment was more common than nonoperative (32.8 vs. 3.8; 95% CI: 32.3–33.2 vs. 3.6–4%). The number of operations increased from 37 555 (95% CI: 34 674–40 436) to 40 460 (95% CI: 37 372–43 548); however, the operative rate only increased for internal organ injury (i.e. spinal cord injury [SCI])-related hospitalizations (APC, 3.6%; 95% CI: 2.8–4.4%). In-hospital mortality was highest among SCI-related hospitalizations, recorded at 3.9% (95% CI: 2.9–5%) and 28% (95% CI: 17.9–38.2%) in the operative and nonoperative groups, respectively. Conclusions: The estimated incidence of TSI in US adults increased from 2016 to 2019. The number of operations increased; however, the proportion of operations performed on TSI-related hospitalizations did not significantly change. In 2019, SCI was the highest associated mortality TSI, regardless of operative or nonoperative treatment.