tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Temperature on the Discomfort Caused by Topical Local Anaesthesia
Authors: A B Callear
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1995)

The warming of local anaesthetic solutions to reduce the pain felt on injection is common practice in a number of medical sub-specialties. A study was undertaken to assess the effect of temperature on the discomfort caused by local anaesthetic eye drops. Tropical anaesthetics amethocaine 1%, oxybuprocaine 0.4% and lignocaine 4% were studied, and after the application of strict exclusion criteria 60 patients were selected, 20 patients for each anaesthetic. Each patient group received a topical anaesthetic at 42 C in one eye and at room temperature in the other. A 10 point visual analogue scale was used to assess the discomfort experienced. No statistically significant difference was found between the discomfort caused by drops at each temperature for any of the three anaesthetics studied. There appears no benefit in warming topical anaesthetic agents prior to their use.
Bristol Cup Posters
Authors: S Foo, A Abdullah, A Rajasekaran, S Velangi, M Maheshwari, J Simpson, P Harris, G Stamp, S James, C Bunker, L Fearfield, P Fiandeiro, K Ward
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD), or sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy, is a benign idiopathic histiocytic proliferation disorder.Cutaneous RDD (CRDD) is a rare entity that manifests solely with skin papules or nodules and does not present with the usual constellation of symptoms of classical RDD.Since 1990, fewer than 100 cases of CRDD have been reported in the English literature, with the majority of the reported patients being identified as middle-aged white women (Frater JL, Maddox JS, Obadiah JM, Hurley MY.Cutaneous Rosai-Dorfman disease: comprehensive review of cases reported in the medical literature since 1990 and presentation of an illustrative case.J Cutan Med Surg 2006; 10: 281-90).We would like to highlight a case series of four patients with histologically proven CRDD.Three patients were Afro-Caribbean women while one was an Asian man.The average age was 53 years and the average duration of lesions was 9 months.Two patients had a solitary lesion on their back, while two patients had multiple discrete lesions on body.These lesions varied in size from 1-to 5-cm subcutaneous nodules.The patients were otherwise healthy.Deep incisional skin biopsies from the lesions showed morphological and immunohistochemical features consistent with RDD.The dermis, including the deep dermis and the subcutaneous tissue, showed a diffuse proliferation of histiocytes with pale, granular and eosinophilic cytoplasm interspersed with aggregates of lymphocytes, plasma cells and scattered eosinophils.There were histiocytes that showed emperipolesis, highlighted by S100 staining with background cells showing positive staining with CD68.The lymphoid cells were mainly T cells and were reactive for CD3, CD4 and CD5.CD1a, periodic acid-Schiff and Ziehl-Neelsen stains were negative.Two patients had their single lesion excised, one opted for conservative management with analgesia and one patient was treated with potent topical steroids.To date, none of these patients has reported any recurrence of the disease.Cutaneous RDD has a variable clinical course, with most lesions resolving spontaneously over weeks to months [Goodlad J, Calonje E. Cutaneous lymphoproliferative diseases and related disorders.In:
Legionella micdadei (Pittsburgh Pneumonia Agent)
Authors: Praful Mehta
Journal: JAMA (1983)

We describe herein the clinical features, diagnosis, and successful treatment of two patients with<i>Legionella micdadei</i>pneumonia, the Pittsburgh pneumonia agent. The rapid pulmonary cavitation and relapse of symptoms after a course of therapy in a renal transplant recipient, and the prolonged illness with hemorrhagic pleural fluid, splenomegaly, and multipleorgan dysfunction in a nonimmunocompromised host, illustrate the clinical spectrum of infections with this organism. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;249:1620-1623)
Awards, Appointments, Announcements
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1992)

Journal Article Awards, Appointments, Announcements Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 84, Issue 20, 21 October 1992, Pages 1556–1558, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/84.20.1556 Published: 21 October 1992
Atlas and Epitome of Special Pathologic Histology.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Late Mortality in Midlethally Irradiated Mice Given Injections of Hematopoletic Cells From F&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; Hybrids&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1968)

Bone marrow or spleen cells of A, CBA, or (CBA × A)F1 mice were injected into midlethally (550 R) and lethally (900 R) irradiated CBA mice. Unlike mice not given injections, midlethally irradiated CBA mice given injections of A or (CBA × A)F1 hybrid cells had a characteristic increase in mortality between 22 and 90 days after irradiation. The gross and microscopic findings, especially in the lymphoid organs, were similar to those in secondary disease, although a graft-versus-host reaction could be ruled out when F1 cells were injected. Lymphoid atrophy was invariably observed in the dead mice, just as in secondary disease, and is believed to be the factor responsible for death. It is suggested that “allergic death” of reacting cells is one of the mechanisms which leads to the lymphoid tissue atrophy.
Medical schools face challenge of preparing physicians to care for fast-growing elderly population
Authors: Milan Korcok
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Although America's aging population is growing rapidly—one out of seven persons will be at least 65 years old by the year 2000—concern has been expressed about the quality of medical schools' efforts to prepare physicians for managing the medical problems of the elderly. Several reports issued during the 1980s—by the National Institute on Aging, the Institute of Medicine, the Association of American Medical Colleges, and congressional committees—have emphasized the same point: There exists a critical need for geriatrics physicians skilled in treating diseases common to the elderly. But there also is a lack of definition about what these skills ought to be and how best to teach them. The AMA continues to urge all appropriate specialties to emphasize further education and research in the problems of aging and care of the aged at the medical school, graduate, and continuing medical education levels and encourges all appropriate medical specialty certifying boards
Aspirin curbs MIs in unstable angina cases
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Aspirin appears to protect against acute myocardial infarction (MI) in men with unstable angina, according to Veterans Administration (VA) researchers. They base their conclusion on results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 1,266 men with unstable angina, seen between 1974 and 1981 at 12 VA hospitals. Of these, 625 took 324 mg of aspirin in a buffered liquid solution (Alka Seltzer) daily for 12 weeks. The remaining 641 received a placebo in liquid form. H. Daniel Lewis, Jr, MD, chief of cardiology at the Kansas City, Mo, VA medical center and principal investigator, told an American Heart Association (AHA) audience in Dallas that the death rate from acute MI among the aspirin-treated patients during the treatment period was 51% lower (ten deaths, 1.6%) than for the placebo group (21 deaths, 3.3%). The rate of nonfatal acute MIs during the study period also was lower for the aspirin therapy group
Use of Porcine Factor VIII Concentrate
Authors: Caroline C. Waddell
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Factor VIII inhibitors develop in patients with hemophilia A (factor VIII deficiency) in a reported incidence of 5% to 20%<sup>1</sup>and have also been described in a variety of immunologic disorders, in postpartum women, and in elderly patients with no apparent underlying disorders. Bleeding in the presence of factor VIII inhibitors may be severe and difficult to control. We describe a patient with ulcerative colitis and factor VIII inhibitor who developed substantial postoperative bleeding following emergency colectomy. Corticosteroids, human factor VIII concentrate, cyclophosphamide, and activated prothrombin complex concentrates were ineffective, but a highly purified porcine factor VIII concentrate did increase the factor VIII level. No adverse effects were attributed to the porcine factor VIII preparation. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 36-year-old man with ulcerative colitis developed persistent bleeding following colectomy. Partial thromboplastin time (PTT) was 58 s (control of 30 s). Factor VIII level was 12%.
Editorial board and contents
Authors: Richard Ffrench-Constant, Marten Scheffer, Steve Carpenter, Brad De Young, Mark Jervis, Carol Boggs, Katharine Nash, Robert Nadeau, Stefanie De Bodt, Steven Maere, Yves Van De, Johanna Mappes, Nicola Marples, John Endler, Peter Hammerstein, Edward Hagen, Elizabeth Mattison, Ken Norris, T Bezemer, Nicole Van Dam, Gerlinde De Deyn, Wim Van Der Putten, Richard Bardgett, William Bowman, Ruediger Kaufmann, Steve Schmidt Trendsin, Katrina Guest, Linsey Stapley, Laura Smith, Manager Moulton
Journal: Trends in Ecology & Evolution (2005)
Liver carcinogenesis associated with feeding of ethionine in a choline-free diet: Evidence against a role of oval cells in the emergence of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Fabio Tarsetti, Renato Lenzi, Roberto Salvi, Ekkehard Schuler, Koshilya Rijhsinghani, Romana Lenzen, Nicola Tavoloni
Journal: Hepatology (1993)

In an attempt to clarify the role of oval cells in the emergence of hepatocellular carcinoma, we fed rats a choline-free diet containing 0%, 0.05% or 0.1% ethionine. The incidence and nature of premalignant and malignant hepatic lesions were then related to the degree of oval cell proliferation. Intake of choline-free diet alone for up to 12 mo was associated with minimal oval cell proliferation; cholangiofibrosis, hepatocellular nodules and hepatocellular carcinoma were observed in 55%, 23% and 14% of the animals, respectively. When rats were given the choline-free diet with 0.05% ethionine, proliferation of oval cells was more pronounced; after a 6- to 12 mo feeding period, cholangiofibrosis (57%) was again observed. However, hepatocellular nodules (91%) and hepatocellular carcinoma (74%) were the most common lesions seen with this feeding regimen. Finally, rats fed the choline-free diet with 0.1% ethionine had massive oval cell proliferation and progressive loss of parenchymal liver tissue. Most of these animals died before they had consumed the choline-free diet with 0.1% ethionine for 12 mo. Rats in this group (96%) exhibited large and numerous cholangiofibrotic lesions, but hepatocellular nodules and carcinoma were not detected. In all animals of each experimental group, hyperplastic bile duct cells in areas of cholangiofibrosis and oval cells were positive for cytokeratin 19, an intermediate filament protein present only in bile duct cells in normal liver. Hepatocellular nodules and hepatocellular carcinoma were invariably negative for cytokeratin 19. We interpret these findings to suggest that oval cells are not involved in the histogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma. They are, rather, consistent with the view that hepatocellular carcinoma is hepatocellular in lineage in hepatocarcinogenesis during intake of a choline-free diet (whether or not it is supplemented with ethionine) and, possibly, in other forms of neoplastic liver growth associated with oval cell proliferation. (HEPATOLOGY 1993;18:596-603.)
Law and Medicine
Authors: Lawrence O. Gostin
Journal: JAMA (1996)

The failure of the federal government to reform national health care has not stopped significant reform at the state level and within the private sector. Health care plans, particularly those that manage care, have thrived under state and private reform initiatives. Health care plans are sometimes criticized for withholding needed care as a method of cost savings by excluding or limiting coverage for chronic conditions such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease or mental illness, denying reimbursement for experimental procedures such as bone marrow transplants, or establishing maximum durations for inpatient hospital care such as for women giving birth. Legislative and judicial activity, as well as ethical discussion, has occurred in each of these controversial areas over the past year. State legislatures and courts, however, were often precluded from regulating risk retention (self-insured) health plans under the preemption provisions of the Employee Retirement and Income Security Act (ERISA); risk retention
Editorial Board and Contents
Authors: Caryn Navarro, Danielle Loughlin, Paige Shaklee, Yvonne Philippo, Ria Otten, Patrick Scheffmann, Erik Andersen, Kirsten Bomblies, Martha Bulyk, Ling Chen, Andy Clark, Sue Clark, Susan Gasser, David Goldstein, Leonard Guarente, Yoshihide Hayashizaki, Steven Henikoff, Chris Hittinger, Laurence Hurst, Aldons Lusis, Angela Nieto, Chris Ponting, Claudio Scazzocchio, Bob Schmitz, Nicole Soranzo, Trisha Wittkopp, Joanna Wysocka
Journal: Trends in Genetics (2018)
Gram-Negative Bacteremic Shock
Authors: Emil Blair
Journal: JAMA (1969)

In recent years considerable information has been gained with respect to both a better understanding of mechanisms in shock and in its management. Bacteremic shock continues to be a predominant problem in the hospital with 66% being of the gram-negative variety.<sup>1</sup>Although the Figure deals with surgical patients primarily, bacteremic shock is more prevalent and serious in medical patients (Table 1). The urinary tract is the most common source of bacteremia, but in recent years the lungs have become increasingly important (Table 1). The predominant cause of bacteremia is<i>Escherichia coli</i>; patients with bacteremia due to this microorganism have a low incidence of shock and the lowest mortality. Bacteremia from<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>has been rising in incidence and carries the gravest prognosis (Table 1). Twenty patients who had been under treatment elsewhere in the hospital were referred to the study unit with a clinical diagnosis of advanced or refractory
A Century of Editors
Authors: Robert W. Riley
Journal: JAMA (1983)

They are unalike and far apart, these 13 past editors ofThe Journal. Between Nathan S. Davis's first issue and William R. Barclay's retirement, there was almost a century of change in medicine, society, the American Medical Association, prose style, and editorial needs. During these years, the editors ranged from the brilliant organizers John B. Hamilton and George H. Simmons to the diligent John H. Hollister and the devoted Johnson F. Hammond. There were editors with the hot determination of James C. Culbertson, John H. Talbott, and Robert H. Moser, and there were those with the cool precision of Austin Smith and Hugh H. Hussey. They varied from Morris Fishbein, who wrote and spoke "with the grace of an eagle in its unhindered soar," to Truman W. Miller, who wrote scarcely a word. Here, briefly, they are together.
Rectal and Pharyngeal Gonorrhea in Homosexual Men
Authors: Robert L. Owen
Journal: JAMA (1972)

To identify and treat rectal gonorrhea in male homosexuals, a physician took rectal, pharyngeal, and urethral specimens from all of his known homosexual patients. Of 26 patients with general medical complaints five had rectal gonorrhea, as did 19 of the 46 patients suspected of having this infection and two of seven with urethritis. Similar rectal symptoms occurred in those with and those without rectal gonorrhea, suggesting that symptoms are not directly related to gonorrheal infection. Pharyngeal cultures from 11 patients were positive for gonorrhea, but only three patients were symptomatic. Neither of two common regimens used for treatment in one visit (4,800,000 units of penicillin G procaine administered intramuscularly or 3 gm of tetracycline hydrochloride taken orally) was effective enough to use without follow-up cultures. Homosexuals are important carriers of gonorrhea; rectal and pharyngeal cultures are essential for diagnosis and treatment of these patients.
How Soon Will We Have the "Ideal" Contraceptive?
Authors: Edward T. Tyler
Journal: JAMA (1972)

There has been a great deal of attention given lately, both in the medical and lay press, to pending, radical new strides in contraceptive techniques. I am referring particularly to such developments as "morning after" pills, prostaglandins, oral male contraceptives, copperimpregnated intra-uterine devices (IUD), single-dose long-term injections, and even the already longpending "mini-pill"—any of which may be more "ideal" than present methods. Since my colleagues and I at the Los Angeles Family Planning Clinics helped materially in the development of the original oral contraceptives and have been involved in studies of virtually every new birth control technique since 1950, I believe we are in a rather unique position to analyze critically where we currently stand regarding new and "promising" methods and other family planning developments. The so-called mini-pill should be considered first, since more clinical experience has been accumulated with it than any other presently "unavailable" new contraceptive. Despite an
The Artificial Light Treatment of Children in Rickets, Anaemia and Malnutrition.
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Breast Cancer and Alcohol Consumption
Authors: Randall E. Harris
Journal: JAMA (1988)

A total of 1467 cases of women with breast cancer and 10178 sex- and agematched hospital controls were examined for alcohol consumption and other potential risk factors. Effects of risk factors were assessed by odds ratios, and adjustment was made for confounding variables by using stratified analyses and logistic regression. Several factors were found to influence alcohol consumption, including age, religion, education, occupation, marital status, body mass, and cigarette smoking. Lean women (Quetelet index, &lt;22) had elevated unadjusted odds ratios for breast cancer of 2.10, 1.71, and 1.41 associated with consuming less than 5, 5 to 15, and more than 15 g of alcohol per day, respectively. However, this pattern is not consistent with a dose response, and adjustment for a risk profile of confounding factors, including education and occupation (which are strong correlates of age at first pregnancy and parity), reduced these estimates to 1.40, 1.24, and 0.87, none of which differs significantly from 1.0. Among all subgroups, the odds ratios adjusted for pertinent confounders and interactions fluctuated randomly about 0.94 and showed no consistent trend with increasing alcohol consumption. While these results do not entirely rule out a weak association between breast cancer and alcohol in certain subgroups, neither do they provide compelling evidence that alcohol has a role in the genesis of this malignancy. (<i>JAMA</i>1988;259:2867-2871)
Plasma Membrane and Intracellular Lipid Synthesis in Tumor Cells Rendered Resistant to Humoral Immune Killing After Treatment With Hormones<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">2</xref><xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3">3</xref>
Authors: Seymour I. Schlager, Sarkis H. Ohanian
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1980)

Line-10 hepatoma cells from Sewall Wright guinea pigs are sensitive to killing by antibody plus human complement. Hormones that decrease the sensitivity of the cells to antibody-complement-mediated killing (insulin and hydrocortisone) were examined for their effects on the ability of the cells to synthesize and incorporate specific lipids into plasma membrane and intracellular membrane fractions. Cells that had been rendered resistant to antibody-complement-mediated killing following incubation for 1 hour with either of the hormones were enhanced in their incorporation of newly synthesized L-α-phosphatldyl serine, l-α-phosphatldyl choline, and triglycerides into the plasma membrane as well as l-α-phosphatldyl choline, l-α-phosphatldyl serine, and cholesteryl ester into mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, nuclear membrane, or microsomes; these cells were inhibited in cardlolipin synthesis. Cells cultured for 4 hours with hormone regained their sensitivity to antibody-complement-mediated killing and reverted to control levels in their ability to synthesize and incorporate lipids into plasma and intracellular membranes. These data suggest that agents that increase the resistance of the tumor cells to humoral immune killing stimulate the synthesis and incorporation of specific complex lipids into plasma membrane and intracellular organelles; these effects are generally opposite those observed after treatment with agents that increase the sensitivity of the cells to antibody-complement-mediated killing (metabolic inhibitors).