tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A commentary on ‘Can adjuvant radiotherapy be omitted for oral cavity cancer patients who received neoadjuvant therapy and surgery? A retrospective cohort study’
Authors: Tongbin Liu, Detian Miao, Yu Zhang, Pengfei Jia, Peng Lin
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

aDepartment of Stomatology,Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou,Shandong, 256600, China bQiLu Medical University, Zibo, Shandong 255300, China cSchool of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao,Shandong 266003, China dDepartment of Orthodontics, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250000, China Co-authors:Tongbin Liu and Detian Miao equally contributed to the article. Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article. Published online ■ ■ *Corresponding author. Address: Jinan Stamotological Hospital CHINA. E-mail address: [email protected] (P. Lin). This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CCBY), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
A commentary on “Parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism: effect on quality of life after 3 years – a prospective cohort study”
Authors: Yunwen Tao, Changyan Xu, Chen Fang
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

aDepartment of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China bDepartment of Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China Article type: Letter to the Editors Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article. Published online ■ ■ *Corresponding author. Address: Department of Endocrinology & Department of Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China. E-mail address: [email protected] (C. Fang). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Surgical quality determines the long-term survival superiority of right over left thoracic esophagectomy for localized esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients: a real-world multicenter study
Authors: Fangfang Liu, Wenlei Yang, Yu He, Wei Yang, Lei Chen, Ruiping Xu, Zhen Liu, Ji Ke, Bolin Hou, Liqun Zhang, Miaoping Lin, Linlin Liang, Yi Huang, Lixin Zhang, Fan Zhang, Fen Cai, Huawen Xu, Mengfei Liu, Yaqi Pan, Ying Liu, Zhonghu He, Yang Ke
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

The objective was to compare the long-term overall survival (OS) of right versus left thoracic esophagectomy, and to evaluate whether surgical quality impacts comparison result.
Predictive factors for persistent hypercalcemia following parathyroidectomy in patients with persistent hyperparathyroidism after kidney transplantation: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Byung-Chang Kim, Hyosang Kim, Chung Hee Baek, Young Hoon Kim, Shin Jeong Pak, Douk Kwon, Jae Won Cho, Yu-mi Lee, Tae-Yon Sung, Ki-Wook Chung, Won Woong Kim
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

Background: Surgery for irreversible hyperparathyroidism is the preferred management for kidney transplant patients. We analyzed the factors associated with persistent hypercalcemia after parathyroidectomy in kidney transplant patients and evaluated the appropriate extent of surgery. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 100 patients who underwent parathyroidectomy because of persistent hyperparathyroidism after kidney transplantation at a tertiary medical center between June 2011 and February 2022. Patients were divided into two groups: 22 with persistent hypercalcemia after parathyroidectomy and 78 who achieved normocalcemia after parathyroidectomy. Persistent hypercalcemia was defined as having sustained hypercalcemia (≥10.3 mg/dL) 6 months after kidney transplantation. We compared the biochemical and clinicopathological features between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify potential risk factors associated with persistent hypercalcemia following parathyroidectomy. Results: The proportion of patients with serum intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) level &gt;65 pg/mL was significantly high in the hypercalcemia group (40.9% vs. 7.7%). The proportion of patients who underwent less than subtotal parathyroidectomy was significantly high in the persistent hypercalcemia group (19.2% vs. 50%). Patients with a large remaining size of the preserved parathyroid gland (≥0.8 cm) had a high incidence of persistent hypercalcemia (29.7% vs. 52.6%). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, the drop rate of intact PTH &lt;88% on postoperative day (POD) 1 (odds ratio [OR] 10.3, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.7–39.1, P =0.001) and the removal of≤2 parathyroid glands (OR 6.8, 95% CI: 1.8–26.7, P =0.001) were identified as risk factors for persistent hypercalcemia. Conclusion: The drop rate of intact PTH &lt;88% on POD 1 and appropriate extent of surgery for controlling the autonomic function were independently associated with persistent hypercalcemia. Confirmation of parathyroid lesions through frozen section biopsy or intraoperative PTH monitoring can be helpful in preventing the inadvertent removal of a parathyroid gland and achieving normocalcemia after parathyroidectomy.
The efficacy of peritoneal flap fixation on symptomatic lymphocele formation following robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Shuai Su, Jue Wang, Yi Lei, Tong Yi, Huayin Kang, Bing Bai, Delin Wang
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

Background: Pelvic lymphocele is the most common complication after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) with pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND), of which symptomatic lymphocele (sLC) ranges up to 10% and is associated with poorer perioperative outcomes. Peritoneal flap fixation (PFF) is a promising intraoperative modification to reduce sLC formation but the clinical evidence failed to reach consistency. Materials and methods: Randomized and non-randomized comparative studies comparing postoperative sLC occurrence with or without PFF after RARP with PLND were identified through a systematic literature search via MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and CENTRAL up to July 2023. Outcome data of sLC occurrence (primary) and major perioperative events (secondary) were extracted. Mean difference and risk ratio with 95 percent confidence interval were synthesized as appropriate for each outcome to determine the cumulative effect size. Results: Five RCTs and five observatory studies involving 3,177 patients were finally included in the qualitative and quantitative analysis. PFF implementation significantly reduced the occurrence of sLC (RR 0.35, 95% CI: 0.24-0.50), and the specific lymphocele-related symptoms, without compromised perioperative outcomes including blood loss, operative time, and major non-lymphocele complications. The strength of the evidence was enhanced by the low risk of bias and low inter-study heterogeneity of the eligible RCTs. Conclusion: PFF warrants routine implementation after RARP with PLND to prevent or reduce postoperative sLC formation.
A commentary on ‘Effect of transarterial chemoembolization as postoperative adjuvant therapy for intermediate stage hepatocellular carcinoma with microvascular invasion: a multicenter cohort study’
Authors: Xin Zhao, Tianyang Mao, Qingyun Xie, Fengwei Gao, Hong Wu
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

Zhao, Xin MM; Mao, Tianyang MM; Xie, Qingyun MM; Gao, Fengwei MD; Wu, Hong MD Author Information
Effect of carotid corrected flow time combined with perioperative fluid therapy on preventing hypotension after general anesthesia induction in elderly patients: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Shishi Huang, Zhenqi Liao, Andi Chen, Jiali Wang, Xiaodong Xu, Liangcheng Zhang
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

Background: Hypotension often occurs following the induction of general anesthesia in elderly patients undergoing surgery and can lead to severe complications. This study assessed the effect of carotid corrected flow time (FTc) combined with perioperative fluid therapy on preventing hypotension after general anesthesia induction in elderly patients. Materials and methods: The prospective cohort study was divided into two parts. The first part (Part Ⅰ) consisted of 112 elderly patients. Carotid FTc was measured using Color Doppler Ultrasound 5 minutes before anesthesia induction. Hypotension was defined as a decrease of greater than 30% decrease in systolic blood pressure (SBP) or a decrease of greater than 20% decrease in mean arterial pressure (MAP) from baseline, or an absolute SBP below 90 mmHg and MAP below 60 mmHg within 3 minutes after induction of general anesthesia. The predictive value of carotid FTc were determined using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve. The second part (Part Ⅱ) consisted of 65 elderly patients. Based on the results in Part Ⅰ, elderly patients with carotid FTc below the optimal cut-off value received perioperative fluid therapy at a volume of 8 ml/kg balanced crystalloids (lactated Ringer solution) in 30 minutes before induction. The effect of carotid FTc combined with perioperative fluid therapy was assessed by comparing observed incidence of hypotension after induction. Results: The areas under the ROC for carotid FTc to predict the hypotension after induction were 0.876 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.800-0.952, P &lt;0.001]. The optimal cut-off value was 334.95 ms (sensitivity of 87.20%; specificity of 82.20%). The logistic regression analysis revealed that carotid FTc is an independent predictor for post-induction hypotension in elderly patients. The incidence of post-induction hypotension was significantly lower ( P &lt;0.001) in patients with Carotid FTc&lt;334.95 ms who received perioperative fluid therapy (35.71%) compared to those who did not (92.31%). Conclusions: Carotid FTc combined with the perioperative fluid therapy could significantly reduce the incidence of hypotension after the induction of general anesthesia in elderly patients.
Treatment strategies to prevent or mitigate the outcome of post-pancreatectomy hemorrhage (PPH): a review of randomized trials
Authors: Roberto M. Montorsi, Babs M. Zonderhuis, Freek Daams, Olivier R. Busch, Geert Kazemier, Giovanni Marchegiani, Giuseppe Malleo, Roberto Salvia, Marc G. Besselink
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

Background: Postpancreatectomy hemorrhage (PPH) is a leading cause for surgical mortality after pancreatic surgery. Several strategies for the prevention and management of PPH have been studied in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) but a systematic review is lacking. The authors systematically reviewed RCTs regarding the impact of treatment strategies on the incidence and outcome of PPH. Material and methods: Eligible RCTs reporting on impact of treatment on the rate of PPH were identified through a systematic literature search using the Evidence Map of Pancreatic Surgery (2012–2022). Methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 (RoB-2) tool for RCTs. Various definitions of PPH were accepted and outcome reported separately for the International Study Group for Pancreatic Surgery (ISGPS) definition. Results: Overall, 99 RCTs fulfilled the eligibility criteria with a pooled 6.1% rate of PPH (range 1–32%). The pooled rate of PPH defined as ISGPS grade B/C was 8.1% (range 0–24.9%). Five RCTs reported five strategies that significantly reduced the rate of PPH. Three concerned surgical technique: pancreatic anastomosis with small jejunal incision, falciform ligament wrap around the gastroduodenal artery stump, and pancreaticojejunostomy (vs pancreaticogastrostomy). Two concerned perioperative management: perioperative pasireotide administration, and algorithm-based postoperative patient management. No single RCT specifically focused on the treatment of patients with PPH. Conclusion: This systematic review of RCTs identified five strategies which reduce the rate of PPH; three concerning intraoperative surgical technique and two concerning perioperative patient management. Future studies should focus on the treatment of patients with PPH as RCTs are currently lacking.
Epidemiology and survival of patients with spinal meningiomas: a large retrospective cohort study
Authors: Yang Wang, Xiaoman Wang, Tong Yu, Zhonghan Wang, Han Zhang, Bo Chao, Wangwang Luo, Weibo Jiang, Mufeng Li, Jianhang Jiao, Minfei Wu
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

Introduction: Spinal meningiomas (SMs) are relatively rare central nervous system tumors that usually trigger neurological symptoms. The prevalence of SMs is increasing with the aging of the global population. This study aimed to perform a systematic epidemiologic and survival prognostic analysis of SMs to evaluate their public health impact and to develop a novel method to estimate the overall survival (OS) at 3-, 5- and 10-year in patients with SMs. Methods: 5158 patients with SMs were recruited from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 2000 to 2019. Firstly, descriptive analysis was performed on the epidemiology of SMs. Secondly, these individuals were randomly allocated to the training and validation sets in a ratio of 7:3. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analysis were utilized in the training set to identify independent prognostic factors and to construct a nomogram for survival prognosis. Subsequently, the discriminative power, predictive performance, and clinical utility of the nomogram were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and decision curve analysis (DCA). Finally, a mortality risk stratification system and a network-based dynamic nomogram were constructed to quantify the risk of mortality in patients with SMs. Results: The annual age-adjusted incidence rates (IRs) of SMs increased steadily since 2004, reaching a rate of 0.40 cases per 100,000 population in 2019, with a female-to-male ratio of approximately 4:1. The age groups of 50-59, 60-69, and 70-79 years old were the most prevalent ages for SMs, accounting for 19.08%, 24.93%, and 23.32%, respectively. In addition, seven independent prognostic factors were identified to establish a prognostic nomogram for patients with SMs. The DCA and ROC curve indicated that the nomogram had high clinical utility and favorable accuracy. Moreover, the mortality risk stratification system effectively divided patients into low-, middle-, and high-risk subgroups. Conclusions: SMs are relatively rare benign spinal tumors prevalent in the white elderly female population. Clinicians could use the nomogram to personalize the prediction of the OS probability of patients with SMs, categorize these patients into different mortality risk subgroups, and develop personalized decision-making plans. Moreover, the web-based dynamic nomogram could help to further promote clinical application and assist clinicians in providing personalized counseling, timely monitoring, and clinical assessment for patients.
Author Correction: Central role for PICALM in amyloid-β blood-brain barrier transcytosis and clearance
Authors: Zhen Zhao, Abhay P. Sagare, Qingyi Ma, Matthew R. Halliday, Pan Kong, Kassandra Kisler, Ethan A. Winkler, Anita Ramanathan, Takahisa Kanekiyo, Guojun Bu, Nelly Chuqui Owens, Sanket V. Rege, Gabriel Si, Ashim Ahuja, Donghui Zhu, Carol A. Miller, Julie A. Schneider, Manami Maeda, Takahiro Maeda, Tohru Sugawara, Justin K. Ichida, Berislav V. Zlokovic
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2023)
Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma in Adolescents and Young Adults
Authors: Kara M. Kelly, Jonathan W. Friedberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2023)

Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) represents one of the more common cancers occurring in adolescent and young adults (AYAs) age 15-39 years. Despite a generally high cure rate, age-related differences in HL biology and the optimal therapeutic approaches including supportive care and risks for long-term adverse effects in the AYA population remain understudied. After an overview of HL epidemiology and biology in the AYA population, this review will cover frontline pediatric and adult treatment approaches. Recently completed and ongoing studies will foster harmonization of risk group definition and trial eligibility criteria across the AYA spectrum, enabling more rapid progress. In addition to treatment approaches, an evolving holistic care approach to AYA HL will result in enhanced understanding of unique challenges, and continued improved short- and long-term outcome for these patients.
Burden of Morbidity and Mortality in Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer Survivors
Authors: Saro H. Armenian, Chun Chao
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2023)

There are an estimated 650,00 survivors of adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancers in the United States, a number that is expected to markedly increase in the coming decades. The recognition of the potential for some cancer treatments to affect the health of patients for many years after the initial diagnosis has prompted investigators to examine the evolving burden of late morbidity and mortality in AYAs with cancer after treatment completion. Studies in large international cohorts of AYA cancer survivors have now shown that the burden of late effects in survivors treated during the past four decades is substantial, affecting the health and well-being of the survivor, health systems' preparedness to meet their health care needs in the future, and societal economic costs that are largely affected by loss of productivity. We highlight the unique considerations for AYA cancer survivors, identify gaps in knowledge for future research, and provide an overview of emerging efforts to mitigate late effects in these survivors. Ongoing multidisciplinary bench-to-bedside collaborations are critical to understanding the biology of late effects in AYA cancer survivors and to developing personalized interventions to mitigate them. The growing population of AYA cancer survivors makes it imperative that these efforts extend across the cancer care continuum, which will allow survivors to ultimately live to their fullest potential.
An efficient semi-supervised quality control system trained using physics-based MRI-artefact generators and adversarial training
Authors: Daniele Ravi, Frederik Barkhof, Daniel C. Alexander, Lemuel Puglisi, Geoffrey J.M. Parker, Arman Eshaghi
Journal: Medical Image Analysis (2023)

Large medical imaging data sets are becoming increasingly available. A common challenge in these data sets is to ensure that each sample meets minimum quality requirements devoid of significant artefacts. Despite a wide range of existing automatic methods having been developed to identify imperfections and artefacts in medical imaging, they mostly rely on data-hungry methods. In particular, the scarcity of artefact-containing scans available for training has been a major obstacle in the development and implementation of machine learning in clinical research. To tackle this problem, we propose a novel framework having four main components: (1) a set of artefact generators inspired by magnetic resonance physics to corrupt brain MRI scans and augment a training dataset, (2) a set of abstract and engineered features to represent images compactly, (3) a feature selection process that depends on the class of artefact to improve classification performance, and (4) a set of Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifiers trained to identify artefacts. Our novel contributions are threefold: first, we use the novel physics-based artefact generators to generate synthetic brain MRI scans with controlled artefacts as a data augmentation technique. This will avoid the labour-intensive collection and labelling process of scans with rare artefacts. Second, we propose a large pool of abstract and engineered image features developed to identify 9 different artefacts for structural MRI. Finally, we use an artefact-based feature selection block that, for each class of artefacts, finds the set of features that provide the best classification performance. We performed validation experiments on a large data set of scans with artificially-generated artefacts, and in a multiple sclerosis clinical trial where real artefacts were identified by experts, showing that the proposed pipeline outperforms traditional methods. In particular, our data augmentation increases performance by up to 12.5 percentage points on the accuracy, F1, F2, precision and recall. At the same time, the computation cost of our pipeline remains low - less than a second to process a single scan - with the potential for real-time deployment. Our artefact simulators obtained using adversarial learning enable the training of a quality control system for brain MRI that otherwise would have required a much larger number of scans in both supervised and unsupervised settings. We believe that systems for quality control will enable a wide range of high-throughput clinical applications based on the use of automatic image-processing pipelines.
Product Attributes of CAR T-cell Therapy Differentially Associate with Efficacy and Toxicity in Second-line Large B-cell Lymphoma (ZUMA-7)
Authors: Simone Filosto, Saran Vardhanabhuti, Miguel A. Canales, Xavier Poiré, Lazaros J. Lekakis, Sven de Vos, Craig A. Portell, Zixing Wang, Christina To, Marco Schupp, Soumya Poddar, Tan Trinh, Carmen M. Warren, Ethan G. Aguilar, Justin Budka, Paul Cheng, Justin Chou, Adrian Bot, Rhine R. Shen, Jason R. Westin
Journal: Blood Cancer Discovery (2023)

Treatment resistance and toxicities remain a risk following chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. Herein, we report pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and product and apheresis attributes associated with outcomes among patients with relapsed/refractory large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL) treated with axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel) in ZUMA-7. Axi-cel peak expansion associated with clinical response and toxicity, but not response durability. In apheresis material and final product, a naive T-cell phenotype (CCR7+CD45RA+) expressing CD27 and CD28 associated with improved response durability, event-free survival, progression-free survival, and a lower number of prior therapies. This phenotype was not associated with high-grade cytokine release syndrome (CRS) or neurologic events. Higher baseline and postinfusion levels of serum inflammatory markers associated with differentiated/effector products, reduced efficacy, and increased CRS and neurologic events, thus suggesting targets for intervention. These data support better outcomes with earlier CAR T-cell intervention and may improve patient care by informing on predictive biomarkers and development of next-generation products.