tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Correction to Conflict of Interest Disclosure
Authors: Waleed Alhazzani, Jason Weatherald, Yaseen Arabi
Journal: JAMA (2022)

Second, as Gershengorn indicates, the decision to intubate a patient with COVID-19 is influenced by many factors, including the patient's clinical condition, the clinician's beliefs and expertise, available resources, and patient preference.We believe that mandating criteria for intubation during the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic without enough knowledge about the disease itself was not feasible simply because there was not enough safety data to inform any specific approach or criteria.Moreover, clinicians' opinions about and expertise with intubating patients with COVID-19 have evolved during successive waves of the pandemic, which could have undermined the use of explicit intubation criteria.Third, although we considered adjudicating the indications for intubation events in this trial, we did not pursue this due to the difficulty of blinding the adjudication committee members.Fourth, Gershengorn suggests choosing another primary outcome for our trial.Even with other objective outcomes, it is difficult to exclude the possibility of bias in an unblinded study.A recent systematic review and meta-analysis of 269 critical care trials that reported data on mortality found an association between lack of blinding and a larger reduction in the risk of death. 2 Even though there is not an optimal solution for this issue, we believe researchers conducting clinical trials during the pandemic had to make difficult decisions to ensure feasibility and efficiency without significantly affecting methodological rigor.Dr and Ms Raghunathan propose that the geographic location of patients in our trial could have affected their adherence to prone positioning and ultimately influenced their clinical outcomes.Although interesting, this remains a hypothesis that needs to be verified.Factors influencing adherence to prone positioning are not well understood, and it remains unclear if there is a dose-response effect with prone positioning.To attribute adherence to prone positioning to geographic location alone is likely an oversimplification.Other factors, such as severity of illness and frailty, may play an important role in adherence to prone positioning.Therefore, rather than conducting an unplanned post hoc analysis of our single trial, a better approach would be to assess the effect of adherence to prone positioning on outcomes in a future individual patient data meta-analysis.
Online Visual Acuity Test Cleared
Authors: Howard D. Larkin
Journal: JAMA (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Recent Trends in Prescription Drug Launch Prices
Authors: Michael Ybarra, Rachel Weissman
Journal: JAMA (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effect of Awake Prone Positioning on Patients With COVID-19 and Acute Respiratory Failure—Reply
Authors: Waleed Alhazzani, Jason Weatherald, Yaseen M. Arabi
Journal: JAMA (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Association of Disparities in Family History and Family Cancer History in the Electronic Health Record With Sex, Race, Hispanic or Latino Ethnicity, and Language Preference in 2 Large US Health Care Systems
Authors: Daniel Chavez-Yenter, Melody S. Goodman, Yuyu Chen, Xiangying Chu, Richard L. Bradshaw, Rachelle Lorenz Chambers, Priscilla A. Chan, Brianne M. Daly, Michael Flynn, Amanda Gammon, Rachel Hess, Cecelia Kessler, Wendy K. Kohlmann, Devin M. Mann, Rachel Monahan, Sara Peel, Kensaku Kawamoto, Guilherme Del Fiol, Meenakshi Sigireddi, Saundra S. Buys, Ophira Ginsburg, Kimberly A. Kaphingst
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

Clinical decision support (CDS) algorithms are increasingly being implemented in health care systems to identify patients for specialty care. However, systematic differences in missingness of electronic health record (EHR) data may lead to disparities in identification by CDS algorithms.
Cross-sectional Comparison of Disparities by Race Using White vs Hispanic as Reference Among Children and Youths With Developmental Disabilities Referred for Speech Therapy
Authors: Thomas Elliott, Kortney Floyd James, Karen J. Coleman, Kia Skrine Jeffers, Claudia L. Nau, Kristen Choi
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

Importance Health care research on racial disparities among children and youths has historically used the White race as a reference category with which other racial and ethnic groups are compared, which may inadvertently set up Whiteness as a standard for health. Objective To compare 2 interpretations of an analysis of racial disparities in speech therapy receipt among children and youths with developmental disabilities: a traditional, White-referenced analysis and a Hispanic majority-referenced analysis. Design, Setting, and Participants This cross-sectional study used multiple logistic regression to analyze speech therapy referrals for children, adolescents, and transition age youths in an integrated health care system in Southern California from 2017 to 2020. Eligible participants were children and youths up to age 26 years with 1 or more diagnosed intellectual or developmental disability (eg, autism spectrum disorder, speech or language delay, developmental delay, Down syndrome, and others). Exposures Child or youth race and ethnicity as reported by parents or caregivers (Asian, Black and African American, Hispanic and Latinx, American Indian or Alaskan Native, Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, White, multiple, and other). Main Outcomes and Measures Receipt of speech therapy within 1 year of referral. Results A total 66 402 referrals were included; 65 833 referrals (99.1%) were for children under age 17 years, 47 323 (71.3%) were for boys, and 39 959 (60.2%) were commercially insured. A majority of participants were identified as Hispanic (36 705 [55.3%]); 6167 (9.3%) were identified as Asian, 4810 (7.2%) as Black, and 14 951 (22.5%) as White. In the traditional racial disparities model where the reference category was White, referrals of children and youths who identified as Hispanic, Black, Pacific Islander, and other had lower odds of actual receipt of speech therapy compared with referrals for White children and youths (Hispanic: OR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.75-0.83; Black: OR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.66-0.78; Pacific Islander: OR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.57-0.98). When using the majority race group (Hispanic) as the reference category, referrals for children and youths who identified as White (OR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.20-1.30), Asian (OR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.12-1.30), and multiracial (OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.08-1.71) had higher odds of resulting in actual service receipt in comparison with referrals for Hispanic children and youths. Conclusions and Relevance The cross-sectional study demonstrates the value of decentering Whiteness in interpreting racial disparities research and considering racial differences against multiple referents. Racial disparities researchers should consider investigating multiple between-group differences instead of exclusively using White as the default reference category.
Discovery of novel phosphodiesterase-1 inhibitors for curing vascular dementia: Suppression of neuroinflammation by blocking NF-κB transcription regulation and activating cAMP/CREB axis
Authors: Qian Zhou, Meiling Le, Yiyi Yang, Wenjuan Wang, Yuqi Huang, Quan Wang, Yijing Tian, Meiyan Jiang, Yong Rao, Hai-Bin Luo, Yinuo Wu
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2022)

Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second commonest type of dementia which lacks of efficient treatments currently. Neuroinflammation as a prominent pathological feature of VaD, is highly involved in the development of VaD. In order to verify the therapeutic potential of PDE1 inhibitors against VaD, the anti-neuroinflammation, memory and cognitive improvement were evaluated in vitro and in vivo by a potent and selective PDE1 inhibitor 4a. Also, the mechanism of 4a in ameliorating neuroinflammation and VaD was systematically explored. Furthermore, to optimize the drug-like properties of 4a, especially for metabolic stability, 15 derivatives were designed and synthesized. As a result, candidate 5f, with a potent IC50 value of 4.5 nmol/L against PDE1C, high selectivity over PDEs, and remarkable metabolic stability, efficiently ameliorated neuron degeneration, cognition and memory impairment in VaD mice model by suppressing NF-κB transcription regulation and activating cAMP/CREB axis. These results further identified PDE1 inhibition could serve as a new therapeutic strategy for treatment of VaD.
Nanoparticles (NPs)-mediated systemic mRNA delivery to reverse trastuzumab resistance for effective breast cancer therapy
Authors: Zhihui Dong, Zhuoshan Huang, Senlin Li, Ying Wang, Yandan Yao, Xianzhu Yang, Xiaoding Xu
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2022)

Monoclonal antibody-based therapy has achieved great success and is now one of the most crucial therapeutic modalities for cancer therapy. The first monoclonal antibody authorized for treating human epidermal growth receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer is trastuzumab. However, resistance to trastuzumab therapy is frequently encountered and thus significantly restricts the therapeutic outcomes. To address this issue, tumor microenvironment (TME) pH-responsive nanoparticles (NPs) were herein developed for systemic mRNA delivery to reverse the trastuzumab resistance of breast cancer (BCa). This nanoplatform is comprised of a methoxyl-poly (ethylene glycol)-b-poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) copolymer with a TME pH-liable linker (Meo-PEG-Dlinkm -PLGA) and an amphiphilic cationic lipid that can complex PTEN mRNA via electrostatic interaction. When the long-circulating mRNA-loaded NPs build up in the tumor after being delivered intravenously, they could be efficiently internalized by tumor cells due to the TME pH-triggered PEG detachment from the NP surface. With the intracellular mRNA release to up-regulate PTEN expression, the constantly activated PI3K/Akt signaling pathway could be blocked in the trastuzumab-resistant BCa cells, thereby resulting in the reversal of trastuzumab resistance and effectively suppress the development of BCa.
The Indefinite "It"
Authors: Lester S. King
Journal: JAMA (1968)

"It" is probably the most overworked word in the J_ English language. In English, unlike most other languages in common use, the gender of a noun is rarely significant. The overwhelming majority of English nouns are considered neuter, and "it" serves as the appropriate pronoun, with a definite reference. In addition, however, "it" has certain indefinite meanings and peculiar usages which reflect the structure of English grammar. We say, "It is raining," where "it" is the subject of the verb "is raining," but has no specific reference. English sentences require a subject and a predicate. When we talk about the process of rainfall, what is the grammatical subject? We might say, "Rain is." Or simply, "Raining." But these do not conform to grammatical requirements. Consequently, we use an artificial subject, essentially without meaning, to complete the formal grammatical needs. "It" also has what is called an "anticipatory" function, as, "It
The Artifactual Electrocardiogram Recorded During Closed-Chest Massage
Authors: Robin Saphir
Journal: JAMA (1967)

By studying compression and by analyzing instantaneous vectors of electrocardiographic artifacts produced by closed-chest cardiac massage in 12 patients, a primary mechanical etiology for the complexes was apparent. The recognition of the artifactual electrocardiogram proved useful in the differentiation of intrinsic from extrinsic electrical cardiac activity. Since the configuration of the electrocardiographic artifact is directly related to the method of sternal compression, it is of value in the instruction of proper technique for closed-chest cardiac massage.
Should Clinical Trials With Concurrent Economic Analyses Be Blinded?
Authors: Nick Freemantle
Journal: JAMA (1997)

ECONOMIC ANALYSES are increasingly conducted alongside clinical trials, as the funders of research recognize that they require estimates of both the costs and benefits of health care interventions. In fact, many commissioning organizations will fund clinical trials only if they are designed to provide estimates of cost-effectiveness, and economic analyses are already being used to inform decisions on the reimbursement of pharmaceuticals in some health care systems.<sup>1</sup>The addition of economic data collection and analysis to clinical trials raises a number of important methodological issues,<sup>2</sup>including whether those clinical trials incorporating an economic analysis should be blinded. <h3>Rationale for Blinding in Clinical Trials</h3> Blinding physicians and patients to treatment allocation in clinical trials aims to reduce bias in estimates of treatment effect, since outcomes are often open to interpretation, and knowledge of the treatment regimen may affect patient or physician behavior. The impact of blinding on estimates of
Cochlear Prosthesis Implantation: Review of the Issues
Authors: Byron J. Bailey
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Cochlear implants are auditory prostheses designed to stimulate electrically the remaining population of eighth-nerve neurons in the cochlea of profoundly deaf persons.<sup>1</sup>Surgical implantation of cochlear prostheses into the inner ear region of deaf patients has moved forward rapidly during the past two years, and, at present, about 500 patients have undergone this procedure. In the simplest terms, the external and implanted components function as a miniaturized transducer that converts sound into an electrical output that stimulates the auditory nerve. The signal is perceived centrally in the brain as a sound that varies with each environmental noise or spoken word. The device helps most adult patients, in that distinguishing environmental sounds and lip-reading ability are improved greatly. The role of cochlear prosthesis implantation in children is less well known and is controversial because of ethical considerations. The implantation procedure is not especially difficult, and the complication rate is low.
PHILIPPE PINEL (1745-1826)— LIBERATOR OF THE INSANE
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Endocrines in General Medicine.
Journal: JAMA (1928)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hereditary Hemolytic Anemia Associated with Phosphoglycerate Kinase Deficiency in Erythrocytes and Leukocytes
Authors: William N. Valentine, Hsin-soon Hsieh, Donald E. Paglia, Helen M. Anderson, Marjorie A. Baughan, Ernst R. Jaffé, O. Margaret Garson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

Original Article from The New England Journal of Medicine — Hereditary Hemolytic Anemia Associated with Phosphoglycerate Kinase Deficiency in Erythrocytes and Leukocytes — A Probable X-Chromosome-Linked Syndrome
Transformation-Associated Increase of Adhesion, Cellular Fibronectin, and Stress Fiber Development in a Liver Epithelial Cell Line
Authors: Junker, James L., Cottier-Fox, Michelle, Wilson, Mary J., Munoz, Eliana F., Heine, Ursula I.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1985)

Journal Article Transformation-Associated Increase of Adhesion, Cellular Fibronectin, and Stress Fiber Development in a Liver Epithelial Cell Line Get access James L. Junker, James L. Junker 3 3Address reprint requests to Dr. Junker, NCI-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, Building 538, Room 205E, Frederick MD 21701. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Michelle Cottier-Fox, Michelle Cottier-Fox Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Mary J. Wilson, Mary J. Wilson Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Eliana F. Munoz, Eliana F. Munoz Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Ursula I. Heine Ursula I. Heine Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 74, Issue 1, January 1985, Pages 173–183, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/74.1.173 Published: 01 January 1985 Article history Received: 08 March 1984 Accepted: 02 August 1984 Published: 01 January 1985
Computers and Blood Bank Control
Authors: R. C. Elston
Journal: JAMA (1966)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The article "Computerized Blood Bank Control" (<b>194</b>:583, 1965) contains the statement "The participants in this program agree that this method of blood bank control stands as the first systematic approach to utilizing present-day computer technology to provide significant improvement in one of today's key medical-support services." It is presumably because they agree on this that the authors do not refer to any of the earlier work on the subject, and so leave readers with a false impression. They note that, as a future use of their system, "several areas of blood bank operation can be subjected to mathematical analysis to achieve greater economies in operation, such as determination of optimal blood inventory and transfer operations...." With regard to the determination of optimal blood inventory levels, such analyses have already been performed (<i>Transfusion</i><b>3</b>:41, 1963, and<i>Transfusion</i><b>5</b>: 465, 1965). I hope directors in charge of