tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Renal Response to Environmental Toxins
Authors: William F. Finn
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1977)

Several characteristics of normal renal function increase the risk to the kidney of damage by environ- mental toxins.Due to the magnitude of renal blood flow the total amount of noxious substance delivered may be disproportionately high.Furthermore, the capacity to concentrate substances within the kidney by processes of filtration, reabsorption and secretion has the potential to increase the toxicity of agents which would otherwise not lead to tissue injury.Unfortunately, there are few tests of renal function which are able to detect early functional abnormalities and which, at the same time, are suited for screening purposes by virtue of their simplicity, cost and safety.Furthermore, interpretation of the tests is complicated by adaptive changes in renal function which occur with aging and in response to other disease processes.Environmental agents produce a wide spectrum of renal dysfunction.Acute renal damage follows exposure to glycols, organic solvents, heavy metals, diagnostic and therapeutic agents and a variety of miscellaneous substances.Chronic renal disease may take the form of isolated tubular defects as seen with cadmium, interstitial nephritis due to the ingestion of lead, or vascular damage induced by external radiation.Some forms of glomerulonephritis may also be related to environmental toxins as are certain tumors of the urinary tract.In a somewhat different fashion, patients whose renal function is limited by the presence of pre-existing disease may manifest toxicity from substances ordinarily excreted in the urine.Particular problems exist with the patients on dialysis, as they are at considerable risk to alterations in the environment.
Plastic Surgery
Authors: Matthew B. Klein
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Seventy-Sixth Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1985)

Seventy-Sixth Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 74, Issue 2, February 1985, Page 541, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/74.2.541-a Published: 01 February 1985
Incorrect Numbers of Adverse Events Reported
Authors: Eric Chang, Rodrigo Alban, Joshua Tseng, Hector Rodriguez
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2018)

Sebastian L. Johnston, MBBS, PhD; Matyas Szigeti, MSc; Mary Cross, BA (Hons); Christopher Brightling, MBBS, PhD; Rekha Chaudhuri, MBBS, MD; Timothy Harrison, MBBS, PhD; Adel Mansur, MBBS, PhD; Laura Robison, BSc; Zahid Sattar, BSc, PhD; David Jackson, MBBS, PhD; Patrick Mallia, MBBS, PhD; Ernie Wong, MBBS, BSc; Christopher Corrigan, MA, PhD; Bernard Higgins, MBBS; Philip Ind, MB, BChir, PhD; Dave Singh, MB, BChir, MD; Neil C. Thomson, MBChB, MD; Deborah Ashby, PhD, CStat; Anoop Chauhan, MBBS, PhD; for the AZALEA Trial Team
Communicating accuracy of tests to general practitioners: a controlled study
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Objective To assess the extent to which different forms of summarising diagnostic test information influence general practitioners' ability to estimate disease probabilities.Design Controlled questionnaire study.Setting Three Swiss conferences in continuous medical education.Participants 263 general practitioners.Intervention Questionnaire with multiple choice questions about terms of test accuracy and a clinical vignette with the results of a diagnostic test described in three different ways (test result only, test result plus test sensitivity and specificity, test result plus the positive likelihood ratio presented in plain language).Main outcome measures Doctors' knowledge and application of terms of test accuracy and estimation of disease probability in the clinical vignette. ResultsThe correct definitions for sensitivity and predictive value were chosen by 76% and 61% of the doctors respectively, but only 22% chose the correct answer for the post-test probability of a positive screening test.In the clinical vignette doctors given the test result only overestimated its diagnostic value (median attributed likelihood ratio (aLR) = 9.0, against 2.54 reported in the literature).Providing the scan's sensitivity and specificity reduced the overestimation (median aLR = 6.0) but to a lesser extent than simple wording of the likelihood ratio (median aLR = 3.0).Conclusion Most general practitioners recognised the correct definitions for sensitivity and positive predictive value but did not apply them correctly.Conveying test accuracy information in simple, non-technical language improved their ability to estimate disease probabilities accurately.
Evaluation for Exercise Participation
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Incorrect Bars in Graph Showing Gene Mutations
Authors: Vivian Sung
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Gaurav Singal, MD; Peter G. Miller, MD, PhD; Vineeta Agarwala, MD, PhD; Gerald Li, PhD; Gaurav Kaushik, PhD; Daniel Backenroth, PhD; Anala Gossai, PhD, MPH; Garrett M. Frampton, PhD; Aracelis Z. Torres, PhD, MPH; Erik M. Lehnert, PhD; David Bourque, BS; Claire O’Connell, BS; Bryan Bowser, BS; Thomas Caron, BS; Ezra Baydur, BS; Kathi Seidl-Rathkopf, PhD; Ivan Ivanov, MS; Garrett Alpha-Cobb, PhD; Ameet Guria, BS; Jie He, PhD; Shannon Frank, BS; Allen C. Nunnally, JD; Mark Bailey, MS; Ann Jaskiw, BS; Dana Feuchtbaum, BS, MBA; Nathan Nussbaum, MD; Amy P. Abernethy, MD, PhD; Vincent A. Miller, MD
Free-Radical Production and Oxidative Reactions of Hemoglobin
Authors: Christine C. Winterbourn
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1985)

Mechanisms of autoxidation of hemoglobin, and its reactions with H2O2, O2-, and oxidizing or reducing xenobiotics are discussed. Reactive intermediates of such reactions can include drug free radicals, H2O2, and O2-, as well as peroxidatively active ferrylhemoglobin and methemoglobin-H2O2. The contributions of these species to hemoglobin denaturation and drug-induced hemolysis, and the actions of various protective agents, are considered.
Deletion of the fibrinogen alpha-chain gene (FGA) causes congenital afibrogenemia
Authors: Marguerite Neerman-Arbez, Ariane Honsberger, Stylianos E. Antonarakis, Michael A. Morris
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1999)

ErrataFigure 2 CCK-8 induced inhibition of food intake is mediated through the CCK-A receptor.After an overnight fast, animals were injected with either saline or CCK-8 and provided access to chocolate-flavored Ensure as described in Methods.Cumulative intake (mean ± SEM) over a 15-min period after injection is shown.Significance vs. intake after saline injection (0 µg CCK-8/kg body weight [BW]): *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01.(a) CCK-8 induced, dose-dependent inhibition of food intake is observed in wild-type (WT), but not in CCK-AR -/-mice.Food consumption by 10 wild-type and 10 CCK-AR -/-animals was compared.ANOVA parameters were [F(3,39) = 89.23,P < 0.0001] and [F(3,39 )= 0.16, P = 0.92] for comparisons among wild-type and CCK-AR -/-animals, respectively.(b).CCK-8 induced, dosedependent inhibition of food intake is observed in both wild-type and CCK-BR -/-mice.Food consumption by 9 wild-type and 10 CCK-BR -/-animals was compared.ANOVA parameters were [F(3,35) = 44.40,P < 0.0001] and [F(3,39) = 135.21,P < 0.0001] for comparisons among wildtype and CCK-BR -/-animals, respectively.BW, body weight.
Redundant Publication
Authors: Marcia Angell, Arnold S. Relman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

An investigator's success in academic medicine is in large part measured by the number of his or her publications. The consequent inducement for researchers to lengthen their bibliographies has generated a number of unfortunate practices, among them the very common one of reporting what is essentially one study in two or more fragmented or overlapping publications. Although it has recently become customary to deplore such redundant publication, the practice continues unabated. One problem in dealing with redundant publication is that it is sometimes difficult to define, and faced with incentives to publish more rather than less, investigators are naturally inclined . . .
Fluorides and the prevention of dental decay.
Journal: BMJ (1972)

items of a more hopeful and immediately practical nature, though expressed in very guarded terms.Surely there is enough positive evidence that some of these methods have an effect.If results are conflicting there must be a reason for it capable of discovery.It may be possible to improve the composition of oral vaccines, pre- ferably in the first instance by studies in animals: Salmonella infection in mice might permit large-scale work at no great cost.Controlled trials in man on an adequate scale present far greater difficulty, but the undertaking of them in places where typhoid is endemic should be considered.
VLA-5 is expressed by mouse and human long-term repopulating hematopoietic cells and mediates adhesion to extracellular matrix protein fibronectin.
Authors: Johannes C.M. van der Loo, Xiangli Xiao, Doug McMilin, Kimikazu Hashino, Ikunoshin Kato, David A. Williams
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2001)

The peptide concentration on the x-axis of figure 2 should read pmol/cm 2 .The concentrations mentioned in the text and legends, which were based on this figure, should also read pmol/cm 2 .The corrected figure and legend appear below.
Epidemiology and cytogenetics of conjoined TWINS
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Colon carcinoma and the cancer family syndrome
Authors: R. D. Arndt
Journal: JAMA (1977)

THE CONCEPT of "cancer families" was first introduced in the early part of this century and refers to those kindreds with a high incidence and early onset of adenocarcinoma in various organs, but particularly the colon. The incidence of adenocarcinoma of the colon is well recognized to be increased in familial syndromes associated with colon polyps. Recently, however, a prevalence of this carcinoma without colonic polyps has been described in families.<sup>1</sup> We have observed carcinoma of the colon in a mother and a daughter and an adenomatous polyp in the son. All occurred at an early age and were located in essentially the same region of the large bowel. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> The mother is a 54-year-old woman hospitalized in January 1974 at St John's Hospital and Health Center, Santa Monica, Calif, with sudden onset of abdominal pain and fever. Barium enema examination showed a 2.5-cm annular mass
Epileptogenic side effects of psychotropic drugs. Practical recommendations
Authors: T. M. Itil
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Patient- and drug-related factors influence the inherent epileptogenic properties of psychotropic drugs. This article suggests measures to deal with these properties prophylactically and therapeutically in epileptic and nonepileptic psychiatric patients. The appropriate use of psychotropic drugs is emphasized in light of their epileptogenic potential. (<i>JAMA</i>244:1460-1463, 1980)
Phase 1/2 Study of NS-018, an Oral JAK2 Inhibitor, in Patients with Primary Myelofibrosis (PMF), Post-Polycythemia Vera Myelofibrosis (postPV MF), or Post-Essential Thrombocythemia Myelofibrosis (postET MF)
Authors: Srdan Verstovsek, Moshe Talpaz, Ellen K. Ritchie, Martha Wadleigh, Olatoyosi Odenike, Catriona Jamieson, Brady Stein, Candido E. Rivera, Tomonori Uno, Ruben A. Mesa
Journal: Blood (2016)
Tuberculosis
Journal: JAMA (2020)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Margery Shaw, MD, JD: twice counselor
Authors: W. A. Check
Journal: JAMA (1982)

The offices of Houston's Institute for the Interprofessional Study of Health Law, where Margery W. Shaw, MD, JD, is interim director, are uncrowded and quiet, except for the occasional interruption of a telephone. The visitors are reporters or scholars from other institutes, and the conversation is leisurely and reflective. It is a far cry from the genetic counseling clinic where Shaw began her medical career soon after graduating from the University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, in 1957. There she was facing anxious parents or parents-to-be, dealing with intensely emotional and potentially life-shattering issues. In the quarter century since, technological innovations in medicine have given rise to complex social and legal issues surrounding the genesis of life. Concern about these issues led Shaw to add a law degree to her medical training and to work for the establishment of an organization to deal with these questions. Her efforts were
2. Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes:<i>Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2018</i>
Journal: Diabetes Care (2017)

The American Diabetes Association (ADA) "Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes" includes ADA's current clinical practice recommendations and is intended to provide the components of diabetes care, general treatment goals and guidelines, and tools to evaluate quality of care. Members of the ADA Professional Practice Committee, a multidisciplinary expert committee, are responsible for updating the Standards of Care annually, or more frequently as warranted. For a detailed description of ADA standards, statements, and reports, as well as the evidence-grading system for ADA's clinical practice recommendations, please refer to the Standards of Care Introduction Readers who wish to comment on the Standards of Care are invited to do so at professional.diabetes.org/SOC.
Gonorrhea in the City of Manchester, 1951-1961
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The effect of GABA on serum and hepatic polyamine concentrations after partial hepatectomy in rats
Authors: G Minuk
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

Serum and hepatic polyamine concentrations including putrescine, spermidine and spermine were documented at various time intervals after partial hepatectomy in rats treated with GABA (500 μg/gm body wt) or isotonic saline. Aside from a transient decrease in spermidine levels, GABA treatment had no effect on serum polyamine concentrations. In the liver, however, GABA treatment markedly attenuated the increase in hepatic putrescine concentrations that occurs after partial hepatectomy such that levels were 64%, 74% and 100% lower than in saline-treated controls on days 1, 2 and 3 after partial hepatectomy (p < 0.005, p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively). Spermidine and spermine concentrations in the liver were not affected by GABA treatment. To determine the mechanism whereby GABA lowers putrescine concentrations in regenerating liver, ornithine decarboxylase messenger RNA and enzyme activity were documented after GABA treatment. Although ornithine decarboxylase messenger RNA levels were similar, ornithine decarboxylase enzyme activity was significantly inhibited 12 hr after partial hepatectomy in GABA-treated rats compared with saline-treated controls. The results of this study indicate that GABA inhibits hepatic putrescine synthesis at a posttranscriptional level in rats after partial hepatectomy. These results could help to explain the impairment in hepatic regenerative activity that occurs in patients with elevated serum GABA concentrations and fulminant hepatic failure. (HEPATOLOGY 1991;14:685–689.)
Association News
Journal: JAMA (1934)

<h3>MEDICAL BROADCASTS</h3><h3>National Broadcasting Company</h3> The American Medical Association broadcasts on a coast to coast network each Monday afternoon from 4 to 4:15 Central standard time (5 o'clock Eastern standard time, 3 o'clock Mountain standard time, and 2 o'clock Pacific standard time). The next three broadcasts will be as follows: April 9. Peculiar Accidents, W. W. Bauer, M.D. April 16. Bird with a White Breast, W. W. Bauer, M.D. April 23. Sanitation Goes Modern, W. W. Bauer, M.D. <h3>Columbia Broadcasting System</h3> The Association broadcasts on a Western network of the Columbia Broadcasting System each Thursday afternoon on the Educational Forum from 4: 30 to 4: 45 Central standard time. The next three broadcasts will be as follows: April 12. Pretty Polly, W. W. Bauer, M.D. April 19. More Health Delusions, W. W. Bauer, M.D. April 26. Million-Murdering Death, W. W. Bauer, M.D. ANNUAL CONGRESS ON MEDICAL EDUCATION, LICENSURE AND HOSPITALS
The Constitutional Factors in Dementia Praecox, with Particular Attention to the Circulatory System and to Some of the Endocrine Glands.
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal