tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Polydipsia, Hydrochlorothiazide, and Water Intoxication
Authors: H. Richard Beresford
Journal: JAMA (1970)

On receiving therapeutic doses of hydrochlorothiazide, two long-term compulsive water drinkers developed acute hyponatremic encephalopathy. Although pure water intoxication is a possible explanation for their symptoms, the circumstances suggest that hydrochlorothiazide had an important role. The most likely mechanism was that the urinary sodium loss evoked by the drug compounded the effects of oral water loading and produced an acute hyponatremic state. Among other possible mechanisms considered was that hydrochlorothiazide depressed free water clearance.
Cancer Mortality Among a Representative Sample of Nonsmokers in the United States During 1966–68&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;1&lt;/xref&gt;
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1980)

Data are presented on cancer and total mortality among a representative sample of nonsmokers and the total population 35–84 years of age in the United States during 1966–68 that measured the influence of cigarette smoking on mortality rates, independent of other health-related factors. Of all U.S. white males, those who never smoked cigarettes have a total age-adjusted cancer death rate which is 37% less than that of males as a whole and 53% less than that of those who currently smoke cigarettes. Correspondingly, of all U.S. white females, those who never smoked cigarettes have a total age-adjusted cancer death rate which is 15% less than females as a whole and 33% less than that of those who currently smoke cigarettes. The largest cancer rate reduction in the nonsmokers is concentrated in the respiratory system. Nonsmokers have an age-adjusted total death rate which is about 20% less than the population as a whole and about 43% less than current cigarette smokers. These and other results and methodologic issues are discussed.
Dangers to Elderly Pedestrians at Crosswalks—Reply
Authors: Thomas Koepsell, Anne Vernez Moudon, David Buchner
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Advances in Cardiovascular Pharmacology
Authors: Arthur Hull Hayes
Journal: JAMA (1982)

This is an exciting era in pharmacology, and cardiovascular pharmacology provides a good example of this excitement. Substantial advances have been made in our understanding of cardiovascular physiology and in the pathophysiology of the major diseases with which we are dealing: heart failure, hypertension, and coronary artery disease. The methods of diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases and of evaluating the efficacy of pharmacologic therapy have progressed also. Better patient care and innovative cardiovascular pharmacology have evolved because of these advances. Not many years ago, if an investigator wanted to study an antiarrhythmic drug, he administered the drug to a hospitalized patient with an arrhythmia and did an ECG every half hour. Now we have coronary care units and electronic monitoring, including Holter tapes to monitor patients outside of the hospital during their daily activities. As a result, we can get better data more rapidly on the effect of new drugs. These
Tropical Diseases. A Manual of the Diseases of Warm Climates.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
An Outbreak of Providencia stuartii Urinary Tract Infections
Authors: Joshua Fierer
Journal: JAMA (1981)

We investigated an outbreak of multiple antibiotic-resistant<i>Providencia stuartii</i>urinary tract infections that occurred on a neurology ward. Only patients who had been catheterized became infected. However, approximately 10% of patients with condom catheter urinary drainage systems were colonized, ie,<i>P stuartii</i>was present on their skin and in the urine drainage bags but not in fresh-voided urine. Patient urinals were also contaminated. The outbreak was terminated by segregating infected and colonized patients from other patients who required either external or indwelling urinary catheters and by stopping the practice of exchanging urinals among patients. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;245:1553-1555)
Polymicrobial Bacteremia
Authors: Gary A. Roselle
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Of 26,961 blood cultures taken during an 18-month period at the Cincinnati General Hospital, 1,715 (6%) were positive. Ninety-four patients had blood cultures containing more than one organism. Although aerobic and anaerobic streptococci were the most frequently isolated bacteria, a variety of microorganisms, including<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>and the<i>Klebsiella-Enterobacter-Serratia</i>group, was isolated in different combinations depending on the underlying disease. Neurological illness, malignant neoplasms, burns, and decubitus ulcers were among the most common underlying conditions found. The overall mortality was 54%, but only 58% of these deaths were specifically related to an episode of polymicrobial bacteremia. Patient survival was significantly related to appropriate antimicrobial therapy. (<i>JAMA</i>242:2411-2413, 1979)
Design of Practical Fat-Controlled Diets
Authors: Helen B. Brown
Journal: JAMA (1966)

The effects of changing the kind and amounts of animal products, eggs, and oil in a vegetable-oil (standard) diet on serum cholesterol levels was studied in young, normal subjects in 18-day quantitative diet tests. Comparison of serum cholesterol reduction with standard and variant diets in the same subjects showed that effective diets with 38% of calories as fat contained less than 20 gm of animal fat, no more than 8 oz of lean meat/day and 4 eggs/week, and oil with at least 48% polyunsaturates. The fatty acid composition should be below 14% of calories as saturates and more than 15% polyunsaturates. The diet should contain less than 450 mg of cholesterol. An effective moderate fat diet (30% of calories) contained under 10% saturates and over 13% polyunsaturates.
Collateral Circulation (Anatomical Aspects)
Journal: JAMA (1949)

The author offers a convenient reference book to the chief arterial and venous collateral channels of the human body. Although a brief review is given of the major circulatory pathways as found in standard anatomic textbooks, emphasis is placed on the communicating shunts as demonstrated in original dissections and as gleaned from the literature. The author has correlated in a refreshing, simple fashion material drawn from anatomic, physiologic and clinical sources as it relates to the problem of blood circulation. As such the study should hold wide interest. Easily accessible are the chief cross connections which develop in the vascular system on occlusion of vessels normally responsible for the circulation to a body part. A short historical review is followed by a lengthier note on the development of blood vessels. Embryology and comparative anatomy are drawn on and the author concludes that inheritance and hemodynamic forces incident to blood flow
Appeals Board Exonerates Baltimore, Imanishi-Kari
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1996)

IN A DECISION that will undoubtedly have repercussions for dealing with scientific misconduct in government-financed research, the Departmental Appeals Board of the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) exonerated Thereza Imanishi-Kari, PhD, an immunology researcher at Tufts University, Boston, Mass, of all charges made by the Office of Research Integrity that she had "intentionally and deliberately fabricated and falsifed experimental data and results." The board's decision, number 1582, was released in late June after 6 weeks of hearings last summer and lengthy examination and discussion of the record (70 original laboratory notebooks and 6500 pages of hearing transcript). The board concluded that "the Office of Research Integrity (ORI) did not prove its charges by a preponderance of the evidence," and noted in its decision that the ORI is required to "produce evidence that is more convincing than the opposing evidence and shows as a whole that misconduct was more
War, Politics and Emotion
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Mammalian Red Cell and the Properties of Haemolytic Systems
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A Modified Phentolamine Test for the Diagnosis of Pheochromocytoma
Authors: Gabriel Spergel
Journal: JAMA (1970)

The usefulness of phentolamine mesylate in testing for pheochromocytoma is limited by false-positive blood pressure responses in other hypertensive states not characterized by elevated catecholamine levels. Since phentolamine can release the suppression of insulin secretion caused by catecholamines, changes in plasma insulin and glucose levels were measured following phentolamine administration in an attempt to enhance this test's specificity. Three patients with proven pheochromocytoma and positive reactions had a mean fall in glucose value of 52 mg/100 ml and a mean rise in insulin level of 39 microunits/ml. Six patients with false-positive reactions had a mean fall in glucose content of 3 mg/100 ml and a mean rise in insulin value of 7 microunits/ml. Ten patients with negative reactions had similar changes. Thus, these measurements during a modified phentolamine test may identify the falsepositive reactions and strengthen this procedure.
Cryptococcus neoformans Endocarditis Cured by Amphotericin B
Authors: Rudolf A. Colmers
Journal: JAMA (1967)

MYCOTIC ENDOCARDITIS due to<i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i>is a rare illness.<sup>1</sup>To our knowledge only one verified case has been reported.<sup>2</sup>This paper describes the first case of<i>C neoformans</i>endocarditis manifesting fungemia successfully treated with amphotericin B. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 55-year-old white man was admitted to this hospital on Aug 7, 1965, with complaints of weight loss, fever, and hiccoughs. He was seen by a physician three weeks prior to admission for a respiratory tract infection and treated with penicillin for ten days. The fever decreased somewhat but never completely disappeared. Despite a good appetite, he lost approximately 6.8 kg (15 lb), and experienced night sweats and increasing fatigue. He gave a history of chorea in childhood and Bright's disease at age 21, and of a more recent episode of an irregular heart rhythm treated with digitalis. Physical examination of the moderately ill, perspiring, obese patient
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids as Promoters of Mammary Carcinogenesis Induced in Sprague-Dawley Rats by 7,12-Dimethylbenz[&lt;italic&gt;a&lt;/italic&gt;]anthracene&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Garry J. Hopkins, Thomas G. Kennedy, Kenneth K. Carroll
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1981)

The development of mammary tumors was examined in female noninbred Sprague-Dawley rats fed either a lowfat diet or high-fat diets containing different fats and fatty acid esters. Each rat was given 5 mg 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]lanthracene by stomach tube 1 week before diets were introduced. Addition of 3% ethyl oleate (an ethyl ester of an unsaturated fatty acid) to a diet high in saturated fat (coconut oil) had no significant effect on tumor development, but the addition of 3% ethyl linoleate (an ethyl ester of a polyunsaturated fatty acid) increased the tumor yield to about twice that in rats fed either the high-saturated fat diet or a low-fat diet. Animals fed the high-saturated fat diet containing 3% ethyl linoleate developed as many tumors as those fed a 20% sunflower seed oil diet, though the sunflower seed oil diet contained about four times as much linoleate. Rats fed a high coconut oil diet containing 3% menhaden fish oil, which contains polyunsaturated fatty acids of the linolenate family (but having little linoleic acid), also developed as many tumors as those fed the 20% sunflower seed oil diet. These differences in mammary tumor yield could not be explained by alterations in the serum levels of prolactin, estrogen, or progesterone. However, the higher tumor yields were associated with increased unsaturation of mammary tissue phospholipids.
Scabies Masquerading as Dermatitis Herpetiformis
Authors: A. Bernard Ackerman
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Scabies can be easily mistaken for dermatitis herpetiformis because the two conditions have features in common, namely, pruritic papules, vesicles, and crusted erosions in the sacral and gluteal regions. In five patients with scabies who were initially judged clinically to have dermatitis herpetiformis, histological examination was decisive in the eventual correct diagnosis. (<i>JAMA</i>233:53-54, 1975)
High-dose inhaled versus intravenous salbutamol combined with theophylline in severe acute asthma. Swedish Society of Chest Medicine
Authors: C Janson, J Boe, G Boman, S Larsson••, B Mossberg•••, B Nyborg, A Odcn, N Svedmyrttt, T Mansson, A Ahlander, L-G Carlsson, T Sandstrom, A Johansson, K Strom, M Alton, L Taning
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1990)

In a multicentre parallel group study we studied 176 adult patients (53% men) with severe acute asthma (peak expiratory flow (PEF), 15-50% of predicted values). The effect of two doses of inhaled salbutamol (0.15 mg.kg-1 x 2; 30 min apart) (n = 87) was compared with that of one dose of salbutamol given intravenously (5 micrograms.kg-1) (n = 89). There was a significantly larger increase in peak expiratory flow after the first inhaled dose in the group that received inhalation treatment than in the i.v. treated group (69 vs 41 l.min-1, p less than 0.05), but there was no difference in systemic side-effects between the groups. After the second inhaled dose there was a further increase in PEF, but also in systemic side-effects. These treatments were also compared in a cross-over study on 18 of the patients who returned with a second attack of severe acute asthma. The cross-over evaluation produced similar results, with a significantly larger increase in PEF after the first inhaled dose than after the i.v. treatment. Fifteen of the 18 patients found the inhalations more effective than the i.v. treatment. Theophylline (3-6 mg.kg-1) was infused i.v. 60 min after the start of salbutamol treatment, and a significant increase in PEF was observed in both groups. A correlation between the increase in PEF and the increase in plasma theophylline concentration was only found in the group that had received i.v. salbutamol.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Fundamentals of Biochemistry in Relation to Human Physiology
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Value of Granulocyte Examination for Bacteria
Authors: Bruce E. Carlson
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Granulocytes from patients with suspected bacteremia and from dogs with staphylococcal bacteremia were examined by light microscopy for the presence of intracellular inclusions that resembled microorganisms. Quantitative blood cultures were done at the same time. Few granulocytic inclusions were observed during a two-hour screening period even when high levels of bacteremia were present. There was no correlation between the number of inclusions and the quantitative blood culture data. The inclusions appear to be artifacts of the staining procedure. This technique has questionable value in the diagnosis of bacteremia and may be misleading. (<i>JAMA</i>235:1465-1466, 1976)
Dietary Fiber Sources in the United States by Demographic Group
Authors: Gladys Block
 3, Elaine Lanza
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1987)

Major food sources of total dietary fiber are presented for the whole U.S. population and by age, sex, and race. Revised data on fiber content were applied to dietary intake data from the Second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a representative sample of the U.S. population examined in 1976–80. Vegetables are the principal sources of dietary fiber, followed by bread and fruit. Legumes are important population sources and rank first for several age-sex-race categories when food groups are broken down into more detailed food items. Breakfast cereals make considerably lesser contributions. Data on fiber intake in several age, sex, and race groups are also presented.
The Retrieval of Medical Literature
Authors: Daniel P. Dabney
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article on full-text medical literature retrieval by Collen and Flagle<sup>1</sup>introduced readers to an important source of medical information, but one question left unanswered in that piece is potentially more important than the ones addressed. Lawyers have been working with full-text document retrieval for many years now, and the experience of the legal profession with such systems may be instructive. The most important question about information retrieval systems is whether they find the things they are supposed to find. Collen and Flagle note that the very small pilot data base they used was not big enough to evaluate the retrieval performance of the MEDIS system. The leading study of the retrieval effectiveness of full-text systems was conducted by Blair and Maron<sup>2</sup>and was cited but not discussed by Collen and Flagel. Blair and Maron found that a full-text system they studied retrieved no more