tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Long-term Survival of Patients With Metastatic Urothelial Cancer
Authors: Alec Zhu, Jorge Alberto Garcia, Bishoy Faltas, Petros Grivas, Pedro Barata, Jonathan E. Shoag
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

This cohort study uses published clinical trial data to assess long-term survival of patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma who are treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
COVID-19 and Mental Health in Young People—Causality or Co-occurrence?—Reply
Authors: Mette Bliddal, Rikke Wesselhoeft, Anton Pottegård
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2023)

Genetic research has often failed to address heterogeneity on a population level, with lack of sustained efforts by researchers and funding agencies to ensure diverse representation among cohorts in genetics studies and in biobanks.We encourage submissions to JAMA Psychiatry that have engaged heterogeneous, representative cohorts in genetics research.This will not only improve generalizability of findings but also provide greater understanding of mechanisms of disease among the diverse communities that psychiatrists engage and treat, thus improving health outcomes on the population level.
Safety of Extended interval Dosing Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: a multicentre cohort study
Authors: Luca Cantini, Francesco Paoloni, Federica Pecci, Francesco Spagnolo, Carlo Genova, Enrica Teresa Tanda, Sophie Aerts, Sara Elena Rebuzzi, Giuseppe Fornarini, Federica Zoratto, Sara Fancelli, Alessio Lupi, Carminia Maria Della Corte, Alessandro Parisi, Chiara Bennati, Cinzia Ortega, Francesco Atzori, Pier Luigi Piovano, Corrado Orciuolo, Michele De Tursi, Michele Ghidini, Andrea Botticelli, Simone Scagnoli, Lorenzo Belluomini, Rita Leporati, Antonello Veccia, Anna Maria Di Giacomo, Lucia Festino, Diego Cortinovis, Mirko Acquati, Marco Filetti, Raffaele Giusti, Marco Tucci, Maria Chiara Sergi, Mattia Garutti, Fabio Puglisi, Sara Manglaviti, Fabrizio Citarella, Matteo Santoni, Erika Rijavec, Giuseppe Lo Russo, Daniele Santini, Alfredo Addeo, Lorenzo Antonuzzo, Alice Indini, Marco Bruno Luigi Rocchi, Alessio Cortellini, Francesco Grossi, Paolo Antonio Ascierto, Joachim G J V Aerts, Rossana Berardi
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2023)

Abstract Background Real-life spectrum and survival implications of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in patients treated with extended interval dosing (ED) immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are unknown. Methods Characteristics of 812 consecutive solid cancer patients who received at least 1 cycle of ED monotherapy (pembrolizumab 400 mg Q6W or nivolumab 480 mg Q4W) after switching from canonical interval dosing (CD; pembrolizumab 200 mg Q3W or nivolumab 240 mg Q2W) or treated upfront with ED were retrieved. The primary objective was to compare irAEs patterns within the same population (before and after switch to ED). irAEs spectrum in patients treated upfront with ED and association between irAEs and overall survival were also described. Results A total of 550 (68%) patients started ICIs with CD and switched to ED. During CD, 225 (41%) patients developed any grade and 17 (3%) G3 or G4 irAEs; after switching to ED, any grade and G3 or G4 irAEs were experienced by 155 (36%) and 20 (5%) patients. Switching to ED was associated with a lower probability of any grade irAEs (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.83, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.64 to 0.99; P = .047), whereas no difference for G3 or G4 events was noted (aOR = 1.55, 95% CI = 0.81 to 2.94; P = .18). Among patients who started upfront with ED (n = 232, 32%), 107 (41%) developed any grade and 14 (5%) G3 or G4 irAEs during ED. Patients with irAEs during ED had improved overall survival (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.34 to 0.82; P = .004 after switching; aHR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.35 to 0.93; P = .025 upfront). Conclusions Switching ICI treatment from CD and ED did not increase the incidence of irAEs and represents a safe option also outside clinical trials.
Disruption of National Cancer Database Data Models in the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Sharon S. Lum, Amanda E. Browner, Bryan Palis, Heidi Nelson, Daniel Boffa, Leticia M. Nogueira, Vicki Hawhee, Ryan M. McCabe, Timothy Mullett, Elizabeth Wick
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2023)

Each year, the National Cancer Database (NCDB) collects and analyzes data used in reports to support research, quality measures, and Commission on Cancer program accreditation. Because data models used to generate these reports have been historically stable, year-to-year variances have been attributed to changes within the cancer program rather than data modeling. Cancer submissions in 2020 were anticipated to be significantly different from prior years because of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study involved a validation analysis of the variances in observed to expected 2020 NCDB cancer data in comparison with 2019 and 2018.The NCDB captured a total of 1 223 221 overall cancer cases in 2020, a decrease of 14.4% (Δ = -206 099) compared with 2019. The early months of the COVID-19 pandemic (March-May 2020) coincided with a nadir of cancer cases in April 2020 that did not recover to overall prepandemic levels through the remainder of 2020. In the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic, the proportion of early-stage disease decreased sharply overall, while the proportion of late-stage disease increased. However, differences in observed to expected stage distribution in 2020 varied by primary disease site. Statistically significant differences in the overall observed to expected proportions of race and ethnicity, sex, insurance type, geographic location, education, and income were identified, but consistent patterns were not evident.Historically stable NCDB data models used for research, administrative, and quality improvement purposes were disrupted during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. NCDB data users will need to carefully interpret disease- and program-specific findings for years to come to account for pandemic year aberrations when running models that include 2020.
Prediagnostic Glycoprotein Acetyl Levels and Incident and Recurrent Flare Risk Accounting for Serum Urate Levels: A <scp>Population‐Based</scp>, Prospective Study and Mendelian Randomization Analysis
Authors: Amit D. Joshi, Natalie McCormick, Chio Yokose, Bing Yu, Adrienne Tin, Robert Terkeltaub, Tony R. Merriman, A. Heather Eliassen, Gary C. Curhan, Laura M. Raffield, Hyon K. Choi
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2023)

To prospectively investigate population-based metabolomics for incident gout and reproduce the findings for recurrent flares, accounting for serum urate.
Predicting necrotising soft tissue infections in people who inject drugs: poor performance of the Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotising Fasciitis score and development of a novel clinical predictive nomogram in a retrospective cohort with internal validation
Authors: Caitlin S. MacLeod, Hannah L. O’Neill, Ramy Shaalan, John Nagy, Murray M. Flett, Graeme J.K. Guthrie, Graeme McLeod, Stuart A. Suttie
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

Necrotising soft tissue infections (NSTI) can threaten life and limb. Early identification and urgent surgical debridement are key for improved outcomes. NSTI can be insidious. Scoring systems, like the Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotising Fasciitis (LRINEC), exist to aid diagnosis. People who inject drugs (PWID) are high risk for NSTI. This study aimed to assess the utility of the LRINEC in PWID with lower limb infections and develop a predictive nomogram.A retrospective database of all hospital admissions due to limb-related complications secondary to injecting drug use between December 2011 and December 2020 was compiled through discharge codes and a prospectively maintained Vascular Surgery database. All lower limb infections were extracted from this database, dichotomised by NSTI and non-NSTI with the LRINEC applied. Specialty management times were evaluated. Statistical analyses involved: chi-square; Analysis of "variance"; Kaplan-Meier, and receiver operating characteristic curves. Nomograms were developed to facilitate diagnosis and predict survival.There were 557 admissions for 378 patients, with 124 (22.3%; 111 patients) NSTI. Time from admission to: theatre and computed tomography imaging respectively varied significantly between specialties ( P =0.001). Surgical specialties were faster than medical ( P =0.001). Vascular surgery received the most admissions and had the quickest time to theatre. During follow-up there were 79 (20.9%) deaths: 27 (24.3%) NSTI and 52 (19.5%) non-NSTI. LRINEC ≥6 had a positive predictive value of 33.3% and sensitivity of 74% for NSTI. LRINEC <6 had a negative predictive value of 90.7% and specificity of 63.2% for non-NSTI. Area under the curve was 0.697 (95% CI: 0.615-0.778). Nomogram models found age, C-reactive protein, and non-linear albumin to be significant predictors of NSTI, with age, white cell count, sodium, creatinine, C-reactive protein, and albumin being significant in predicting survival on discharge.There was reduced performance of the LRINEC in this PWID cohort. Diagnosis may be enhanced through use of this predictive nomogram.
Correction: Epidemiology, clinical presentation, and outcomes of 620 patients with eosinophilia in the intensive care unit
Authors: Antoine Gaillet, Pierre Bay, Edwige Péju, Hafid Ait-Oufella, Elie Azoulay, Nacime Benchabane, Charles Cerf, Yves Cohen, Nicolas de Prost, Stanislas Faguer, Guillaume Geri, Steven Grangé, Jean-Emmanuel Kahn, Louis Kreitmann, Romaric Larcher, Guillaume Lefèvre, Asma Mabrouki, Armand Mekonsto-Dessap, Kewin Panel, Frédéric Pène, Marc Pineton de Chambrun, Jean-Pierre Quenot, Yacine Tandjaoui-Lambiotte, Jean-Francois Timsit, Antoine Vieillard-Baron, Auguste Dargent, Antoine Herault, Matthieu Groh
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2023)
Reanalysis After Retraction of Included Article
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Kuan-Pin Su, MD, PhD; Ping-Tao Tseng, MD; Pao-Yen Lin, MD, PhD; Ryo Okubo, MD, PhD; Tien-Yu Chen, MD; Yen-Wen Chen, MD; Yutaka J. Matsuoka, MD, PhD
JAMA Cardiology
Authors: Patrick O'gara, Marc Sabatine, Clyde Boston, Ann Yancy, Michael Pencina, Carolina North, Robert Harrington, Adrian Hernandez, Mhs Durham, North Carolina, Ajay Kirtane, New York, Roxana Mehran, Pradeep Natarajan, Kristen Boston, Seattle Patton, Washington Udelson, Sadiya Khan, Gregg Fonarow, Los Angeles, Sharlene Day, Laine Thomas, Akhil Narang, Julia Getts, Eugene Braunwald, Judith Hochman, Donald Lloyd-Jones, Scm Chicago, Michael Parmacek, Daniel Simon, Sidney Smith, Chapel Hill, Carolina Douglas, E Vaughan, Myron Weisfeldt, Maryland Douglas, P Zipes, Paul Armstrong, Shinya Goto, Peter Liu, Renato Lopes, Carolina Prabhakaran, Hugh Watkins, Harvey White, Habib Yacoub, Frs London, Gregory Curfman, Annette Flanagin, Michael Berkwits, Brenda Gregoline, Tracy Frey, Iris Lo, Kevin Brown, Bernadette Hromin, Erin Keenan, Rebecca Langley, Kris Simmons, Connie Manno, Sara Billings, Doug Brandt, Timothy Gray, Peter Olson, Juliet Orellana, Paul Ruich, Kirby Snell, Judith Ahlers, Stephanie Beckmeyer, Dawn Bielawski, Jane Calayag, Jan Clavey, Mary Coerver-Connolly, Amy Eutsey, Paul Jaworski, Laura King, Mary Kingzette, Martha Lentz, Jenny Mackay, Jennifer Maybin, Charon Pierson, Shilpa Shenvi, Thressa Smith, Divya Sreekumar, Donna Thordsen, Christine Tilles, Emma Underdown, Cara Wallace, Becki Weiss, Christina West, Caroline Woods, Erin Kato, Jacob Kendall-Taylor, Monica Mungle, Lenette Gardner-Gullens, Anna Bukowski, Lee Calibeo, Jordan Faber, Andrew Given, Tosca Hall, Emma Hyche, Kenneth Otani, Caroline Sietmann, Angelia Digital, Elena Guobyte, Daniel Morrow, Shelly Steff, Jennifer Zeis, Jim Michalski, Eman Aly, Reuben Rios, Mary Ferkaluk, Sidra Bonner, Heather Hsu, Andrew Ibrahim, Karen Bucher, Andy Rekito, Nick Reback, Lohitha Kethu, Marla Erson, Joseph Thornton, Thomas Easley, Brian Shields, Karen Adams-Taylor, Paul Gee, Anna Frazier, Monica Smith, Julie Burton, Ronna Hewitt, Mary Sieck, Geneine Someren, Jamaal Vargas, Content Systems, Mike Bujewski, Nathan Mitre, Digital Production, Regina Brownlee, Amanda Camino, Brenda Chandler-Grayer, Emily Dunn, Amy Evers, Maleeka Holden, Teri Hutchison, Dan Knowles, Joshua Lampinen, Natalie Marsh, Patricia Panek, Marla Seidell, La Son, Diggs Sledge, Julian Graphics, Joe Amft, Jonathan Chala, Maria Duda, Fred Furtner, Carolyn Hall, Maria Kowalkowski, Kelley Mcdonald, Joy Farrell, Maria Giannini, Sasha Grossman, Kate Lander, Judith Literskis, Teresa Omiotek, Michael Ryder, James Madara, Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, Robert Bonow
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2023)

science, and evidence-based health policy.Health equity, especially when supported by original science, is a leading editorial priority.
Comprehensive Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Tissue Characterization and Cardiotoxicity in Women With Breast Cancer
Authors: Paaladinesh Thavendiranathan, Tamar Shalmon, Chun-Po Steve Fan, Christian Houbois, Eitan Amir, Yobiga Thevakumaran, Emily Somerset, Julia M. Malowany, Camila Urzua-Fresno, Paul Yip, Chris McIntosh, Marshall S. Sussman, Christine Brezden-Masley, Andrew T. Yan, C. Anne Koch, Neil Spiller, Husam Abdel-Qadir, Coleen Power, Kate Hanneman, Bernd J. Wintersperger
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2023)

There is a growing interest in understanding whether cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) myocardial tissue characterization helps identify risk of cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD).
Effectiveness of Conditioned Open-label Placebo With Methadone in Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder
Authors: Annabelle M. Belcher, Thomas O. Cole, Ebonie Massey, Amy S. Billing, Michael Wagner, William Wooten, David H. Epstein, Stephen W. Hoag, Emerson M. Wickwire, Aaron D. Greenblatt, Luana Colloca, John Rotrosen, Lawrence Magder, Eric Weintraub, Eric D. Wish, Ted J. Kaptchuk
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Methadone treatment is the most effective evidence-based treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD), but challenges related to dosing and premature treatment dropout argue for adjunct interventions to improve outcomes. One potential behavioral intervention with low risk involves harnessing placebo effects.
Paradoxical Psoriasiform Eruptions in Children Receiving Tumor Necrosis Factor α Inhibitors
Authors: Joshua Eickstaedt, Amy S. Paller, Emily Lund, Morgan Murphrey, Heather Brandling-Bennett, Megan Maurano, Esteban Fernandez Faith, Kristen E. Holland, Erin Ibler, Marilyn G. Liang, Patricia S. Todd, Elaine Siegfried, Sean Igelman, Kelly M. Cordoro, Megha M. Tollefson
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2023)

Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF) inhibitor-induced psoriasiform eruption is well recognized in adults, but few reports document this paradoxical effect in children.
Aspirin vs Clopidogrel for Long-term Maintenance After Coronary Stenting in Patients With Diabetes
Authors: Tae-Min Rhee, Jang-Whan Bae, Kyung Woo Park, Seung-Woon Rha, Jeehoon Kang, Heesun Lee, Han-Mo Yang, Soo-Heon Kwak, In-Ho Chae, Won-Yong Shin, Dae-Kyeong Kim, Ju Hyeon Oh, Myung Ho Jeong, Yong Hoon Kim, Nam Ho Lee, Seung-Ho Hur, Junghan Yoon, Jung-Kyu Han, Eun-Seok Shin, Bon-Kwon Koo, Hyo-Soo Kim, Ki-Bum Won, Tae-Ho Park, Bum Soo Kim, Sang Wook Lim, Yoon Haeng Cho, Dong Woon Jeon, Sang-Hyun Kim, Kyoo-Rok Han, Keon-Woong Moon, Seok Kyu Oh, Ung Kim, Moo-Yong Rhee, Doo-Il Kim, Song-Yi Kim, Sung-Yun Lee, Seung Uk Lee, Sang-Wook Kim, Seok Yeon Kim, Hui-Kyung Jeon, Kwang Soo Cha, Sang-Ho Jo, Jae Kean Ryu, Il-Woo Suh, Hyun-Hee Choi, Seoung-Il Woo
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2023)

Selecting the optimal antiplatelet agent in patients who have received percutaneous coronary intervention is especially important in those with diabetes due to the heightened risk of ischemic events in this population. Studies on the efficacy and safety of clopidogrel vs aspirin for long-term maintenance after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with diabetes are lacking.
Current management of avascular necrosis of the metacarpal head: a comprehensive literature review
Authors: Xiao-Lei Fan, Wen-Tao Wang, Jian Wang, Rui Xiao
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

Background: Avascular necrosis (AVN) of the metacarpal head is a rare disease that may lead to progressive destruction of the metacarpophalangeal joint and hand function. This study aimed to describe the epidemiology, possible risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnostic workup, and treatment of the rare condition of avascular necrosis of the metacarpal head. Methods: Articles were searched using the subject words “Dieterich disease”,“Mauclaire’s disease”, and “avascular necrosis of metacarpal head” in the PubMed and Scopus databases. Studies were retained for review after meeting the inclusion criteria. Those outcomes relevant to diagnose and assessing AVN of the metacarpal head and those related to curative management were extracted. Results: The literature search revealed 45 studies with 55 patients. Although the aetiology of osteonecrosis has not been clearly delineated, AVN of the metacarpal head most commonly arises from trauma but other risk factors may also be involved. Plain radiographs are often negative and therefore likely to be missed. Early-stage osteonecrosis of the metacarpal head was best assessed using MRI. Given the rarity of this condition, there is no clear consensus on the treatment. Conclusions: Avascular necrosis of the metacarpal head should be considered in the differential diagnosis of painful metacarpophalangeal joints. An early understanding of this unusual disease will provide an optimal clinical outcome, restoring joint activity, and resolving pain. Nonoperative treatment cannot cure all patients. Surgical management is based on the patient and lesion characteristics.
The Origin of Floral Quartet Formation—Ancient Exon Duplications Shaped the Evolution of MIKC-type MADS-domain Transcription Factor Interactions
Authors: Florian Rümpler, Chiara Tessari, Lydia Gramzow, Christian Gafert, Marcus Blohs, Günter Theißen
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2023)

Abstract During development of flowering plants, some MIKC-type MADS-domain transcription factors (MTFs) exert their regulatory function as heterotetrameric complexes bound to two sites on the DNA of target genes. This way they constitute “floral quartets” or related “floral quartet-like complexes” (FQCs), involving a unique multimeric system of paralogous protein interactions. Tetramerization of MTFs is brought about mainly by interactions of keratin-like (K) domains. The K-domain associated with the more ancient DNA-binding MADS-domain during evolution in the stem group of extant streptophytes (charophyte green algae + land plants). However, whether this was sufficient for MTF tetramerization and FQC formation to occur, remains unknown. Here, we provide biophysical and bioinformatic data indicating that FQC formation likely originated in the stem group of land plants in a sublineage of MIKC-type genes termed MIKCC-type genes. In the stem group of this gene lineage, the duplication of the most downstream exon encoding the K-domain led to a C-terminal elongation of the second K-domain helix, thus, generating the tetramerization interface found in extant MIKCC-type proteins. In the stem group of the sister lineage of the MIKCC-type genes, termed MIKC*-type genes, the duplication of two other K-domain exons occurred, extending the K-domain at its N-terminal end. Our data indicate that this structural change prevents heterodimerization between MIKCC-type and MIKC*-type proteins. This way, two largely independent gene regulatory networks could be established, featuring MIKCC-type or MIKC*-type proteins, respectively, that control different aspects of plant development.
Association between Organophosphate Ester Exposure and Insulin Resistance with Glycometabolic Disorders among Older Chinese Adults 60–69 Years of Age: Evidence from the China BAPE Study
Authors: Enmin Ding, Fuchang Deng, Jianlong Fang, Tiantian Li, Minmin Hou, Juan Liu, Ke Miao, Wenyan Yan, Ke Fang, Wanying Shi, Yuanzheng Fu, Yuanyuan Liu, Haoran Dong, Li Dong, Changming Ding, Xiaohui Liu, Krystal J. Godri Pollitt, John S. Ji, Yali Shi, Yaqi Cai, Song Tang, Xiaoming Shi
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2023)

Background: Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are common endocrine-disrupting chemicals, and OPE exposure may be associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, greater knowledge regarding the biomolecular intermediators underlying the impact of OPEs on T2D in humans are needed to understand biological etiology. Objectives: We explored the associations between OPE exposure and glycometabolic markers among older Chinese adults 60–69 years of age to elucidate the underlying mechanisms using a multi-omics approach. Methods: This was a longitudinal panel study comprising 76 healthy participants 60–69 years of age who lived in Jinan city of northern China. The study was conducted once every month for 5 months, from September 2018 to January 2019. We measured a total of 17 OPEs in the blood, 11 OPE metabolites in urine, and 4 glycometabolic markers (fasting plasma glucose, glycated serum protein, fasting insulin, and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance). The blood transcriptome and serum/urine metabolome were also evaluated. The associations between individual OPEs and glycometabolic markers were explored. An adverse outcome pathway (AOP) was established to determine the biomolecules mediating the associations. Results: Exposure to five OPEs and OPE metabolites (trimethylolpropane phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, tri-iso-butyl phosphate, dibutyl phosphate, and diphenyl phosphate) was associated with increased levels of glycometabolic markers. The mixture effect analysis further indicated the adverse effect of OPE mixtures. Multi-omics analyses revealed that the endogenous changes in the transcriptional and metabolic levels were associated with OPE exposure. The putative AOPs model suggested that triggers of molecular initiation events (e.g., insulin receptor and glucose transporter type 4) with subsequent key events, including disruptions in signal transduction pathways (e.g., phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B and insulin secretion signaling) and biological functions (glucose uptake and insulin secretion), may constitute the diabetogenic effects of OPEs. Discussion: OPEs are associated with the elevated risk of T2D among older Chinese adults 60–69 years of age. Implementing OPE exposure reduction strategies may help reduce the T2D burden among these individuals, if the relationship is causal. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11896