tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Launch of an Editorial Scholars Program for <i>Neuro-Oncology</i>
Authors: Susan M Chang
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2023)

Journal Article Launch of an Editorial Scholars Program for Neuro-Oncology Get access Susan M Chang, MD Susan M Chang, MD Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0112, USA Corresponding Author: Susan M. Chang, MD, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave., M774, CA 94143-0112, USA (Susan.Chang@ucsf.edu) Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Neuro-Oncology, Volume 25, Issue 2, February 2023, Pages 219–220, https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noad011 Published: 14 February 2023 Article history Corrected and typeset: 14 February 2023 Published: 14 February 2023
<scp>C5aR1</scp> activation in mice controls inflammatory eosinophil recruitment and functions in allergic asthma
Authors: Anna V. Wiese, Jannis Duhn, Rabia Ülkü Korkmaz, Katharina M. Quell, Ibrahim Osman, Fanny Ender, Torsten Schröder, Ian Lewkowich, Simon Hogan, Markus Huber‐Lang, Franziska Gumprecht, Peter König, Jörg Köhl, Yves Laumonnier
Journal: Allergy (2023)

Pulmonary eosinophils comprise at least two distinct populations of resident eosinophils (rEOS) and inflammatory eosinophils (iEOS), the latter recruited in response to pulmonary inflammation. Here, we determined the impact of complement activation on rEOS and iEOS trafficking and function in two models of pulmonary inflammation.BALB/c wild-type and C5ar1-/- mice were exposed to different allergens or IL-33. Eosinophil populations in the airways, lung, or mediastinal lymph nodes (mLN) were characterized by FACS or immunohistochemistry. rEOS and iEOS functions were determined in vivo and in vitro.HDM and IL-33 exposure induced a strong accumulation of iEOS but not rEOS in the airways, lungs, and mLNs. rEOS and iEOS expressed C3/C5 and C5aR1, which were significantly higher in iEOS. Initial pulmonary trafficking of iEOS was markedly reduced in C5ar1-/- mice and associated with less IL-5 production from ILC2 cells. Functionally, adoptively transferred pulmonary iEOS from WT but not from C5ar1-/- mice-induced airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), which was associated with significantly reduced C5ar1-/- iEOS degranulation. Pulmonary iEOS but not rEOS were frequently associated with T cells in lung tissue. After HDM or IL-33 exposure, iEOS but not rEOS were found in mLNs, which were significantly reduced in C5ar1-/- mice. C5ar1-/- iEOS expressed less costimulatory molecules, associated with a decreased potency to drive antigen-specific T cell proliferation and differentiation into memory T cells.We uncovered novel roles for C5aR1 in iEOS trafficking and activation, which affects key aspects of allergic inflammation such as AHR, ILC2, and T cell activation.
<i>Notes from the Field:</i> Recent Changes in Suicide Rates, by Race and Ethnicity and Age Group — United States, 2021
Authors: Deborah M. Stone, Karin A. Mack, Judith Qualters
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2023)

Suicide is a serious public health problem in the United States.After 2 consecutive years of declines in suicide (47,511 in 2019 and 45,979 in 2020), 2021 data indicate an increase in suicide to 48,183, nearly returning to the 2018 peak (48,344) with an age-adjusted rate of 14.1 suicides per 100,000 population (versus 14.2 in 2018).*To understand how this increase is distributed across racial and ethnic groups, CDC analyzed changes in racial and ethnic age-adjusted and age-specific suicide rates during 2018-2021.Suicides were identified from the National Vital Statistics System multiple cause-of-death mortality files for 2018-2021.Age-adjusted rates and 95% CIs were calculated using the direct method and the 2000 U.S. standard population.Hispanic or Latino (Hispanic) persons could be of any race, and racial groups excluded persons of Hispanic ethnicity.Persons with unknown ethnicity were excluded from race and ethnicity groups but were included in the overall total.Differences in rates from 2018 to 2021 were compared using z-tests when deaths were ≥100; p-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant.When deaths were <100, differences in rates were considered significant if CIs based on a gamma distribution did not overlap.This activity was reviewed by CDC and was conducted consistent with applicable federal law and CDC policy.† Age-adjusted 2021 suicide rates were highest among non-Hispanic American Indian or Alaska Native (AI/AN) persons (28.1 per 100,000) overall; this group also experienced the highest relative percentage change during 2018-2021 (from 22.3 to 28.1 per 100,000; a 26% increase) (Table ).Ageadjusted rates also increased significantly among non-Hispanic Black or African American (Black) persons (from 7.3 to 8.7; a 19.2% increase) and for Hispanic persons (from 7.4 to 7.9; a 6.8% increase) during 2018-2021.Non-Hispanic White (White) persons were the only group to show an overall ageadjusted rate decline compared with that in 2018 (from 18.1 to 17.4; a 3.9% decline).Suicide rates among persons aged 10-24 years increased significantly during 2018-2021 among Black persons (from
Switching from subcutaneous to sublingual immunotherapy during the maintenance phase in patients with house dust mite allergy
Authors: Ploykarn Kiatiwat, Atik Sangasapaviliya, Panitan Pradubpongsa, Sasipa Sangkanjanavanich, Chirawat Chiewchalermsri, Alain Jacquet, Nattapol Jaisupa, Sarawut Jindarat, Tadech Boonpiyathad, Wat Mitthamsiri
Journal: Allergy (2023)

Appendix S1. Figure S1. Figure S2. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Roles of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in anti- PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy for solid cancers
Authors: Liping Pei, Yang Liu, Lin Liu, Shuochen Gao, Xueyan Gao, Yudi Feng, Zhenqiang Sun, Yan Zhang, Chengzeng Wang
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2023)

Abstract In recent years, breakthroughs have been made in tumor immunotherapy. However, tumor immunotherapy, particularly anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors, is effective in only a small percentage of patients in solid cancer. How to improve the efficiency of cancer immunotherapy is an urgent problem to be solved. As we all know, the state of the tumor microenvironment (TME) is an essential factor affecting the effectiveness of tumor immunotherapy, and the cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in TME have attracted much attention in recent years. As one of the main components of TME, CAFs interact with cancer cells and immune cells by secreting cytokines and vesicles, participating in ECM remodeling, and finally affecting the immune response process. With the in-depth study of CAFs heterogeneity, new strategies are provided for finding targets of combination immunotherapy and predicting immune efficacy. In this review, we focus on the role of CAFs in the solid cancer immune microenvironment, and then further elaborate on the potential mechanisms and pathways of CAFs influencing anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy. In addition, we summarize the potential clinical application value of CAFs-related targets and markers in solid cancers.
Reducing the pressures of outpatient care: the potential role of patient-reported outcomes
Authors: Olalekan Lee Aiyegbusi, Sarah E Hughes, John Devin Peipert, Liv Marit Valen Schougaard, Roger Wilson, Melanie J Calvert
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2023)

The global demand for hospital treatment exceeds capacity.The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated this issue, leading to increased backlogs and longer wait times for patients. The amount of outpatient attendances undertaken in many settings is still below pre-pandemic levels and this, combined with delayed referrals, means that patients are facing delays in treatment and poorer health outcomes. Use of digital health technologies, notably the use of remote symptom monitoring systems based on patient-reported outcomes (PROs), may offer a solution to reduce outpatient waiting lists and tailor care to those in greatest need. Drawing on international examples, the authors explore the use of electronic PRO systems to triage clinical care. We summarise the key benefits of the approach and also highlight the challenges for implementation, which need to be addressed to promote equitable healthcare delivery.
Endoscopic hemostasis of spurting colonic diverticular bleeding using the combination of self-assembling peptide solution and endoscopic band ligation
Authors: Daisuke Yamaguchi, Satoshi Ishida, Tadahiro Nomura, Yumi Mizuta, Shun Fujimoto, Yuichiro Tanaka, Seiji Tsunada
Journal: Endoscopy (2023)

Self-assembling peptides (PuraStat; 3-D Matrix, Tokyo, Japan) are novel synthetic self-assembling peptides that are licensed for use as a hemostat [1]. The matrix forms an extracellular scaffold that is activated by the change in pH on contact with blood and generates a stable mechanical barrier over the bleeding site, thereby facilitating intrinsic in vivo hemostasis [2]. Self-assembling peptides are mainly used to induce hemostasis of oozing bleeding in endoscopic procedures [3]; their usefulness in colorectal diverticular bleeding has yet to be investigated. In this study, we report a case in which the combination of self-assembling peptide solution and endoscopic band ligation (EBL) were effective for endoscopic hemostasis of spurting bleeding from a colonic diverticulum ([Video 1]).
Endoscopic intermuscular dissection of rectal T1 cancer with adaptive traction: use of additional loops to improve traction directly on the circular muscular layer
Authors: Louis-Jean Masgnaux, Clara Yzet, Jérôme Rivory, Timothée Wallenhorst, Romain Legros, Jérémie Jacques, Mathieu Pioche
Journal: Endoscopy (2023)

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has become the reference technique for removal of superficial colorectal neoplasia; however, the R0 resection rate for T1 cancers harboring focal invasive patterns is far from perfect on the vertical margin [1]. Recently, endoscopic intermuscular dissection (EID) has been described as a method of achieving free vertical margins by dissecting more deeply, between the two muscular layers [2]. This approach, which is feasible in the rectum where the two layers are thick, has two benefits: 1) maintaining the rectal longitudinal muscle without perforation and cell seeding, and 2) dissecting more deeply to achieve clear free vertical margins when the deep submucosa is invaded.
Positive Correlation Between 18F-FDG Uptake and Tumor-Proliferating Antigen Ki-67 Expression in Adrenocortical Carcinomas
Authors: Rossella Libé, Aurore Pais, Florian Violon, Laurence Guignat, Fideline Bonnet, Olivier Huillard, Guillaume Assié, Martin Gaillard, Bertrand Dousset, Sébastien Gaujoux, Maxime Barat, Anthony Dohan, Mathilde Sibony, Jérôme Bertherat, Anne Segolene Cottereau, Florence Tenenbaum, Joël Coste, Lionel Groussin
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2023)

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is an extremely rare endocrine malignancy, which cannot always be diagnosed during conventional radiology and hormonal investigations. 18 F-FDG PET could help predict malignancy, but more data are necessary to support future guidelines.A cohort of 63 patients with histologically proven ACC (n = 55) or metastatic ACC with steroid oversecretion (n = 8) was assembled. All patients underwent an 18 F-FDG PET, and the SUV max and the adrenal-to-liver SUV max ratio were calculated. The 18 F-FDG PET parameters were compared with clinical, pathological, and outcome data.Fifty-six of 63 patients (89%) had an ACC with an adrenal-to-liver SUV max ratio >1.45, which was a previously defined cutoff value to predict malignancy with 100% sensitivity. Seven ACCs (11%) had a lower uptake (adrenal-to-liver SUV max <1.45), most of them with a proliferation marker Ki-67 expression level <10%. A positive correlation between 18 F-FDG PET parameters (SUV max and adrenal-to-liver SUV max ratio) and tumor size, ENSAT (European Network for the Study of Adrenal Tumors) staging, total Weiss score, and the Ki-67 was found. The strong correlation between SUV max and Ki-67 ( r = 0.47, P = 0.0009) suggests a relationship between 18 F-FDG uptake levels and tumor proliferation. No statistically significant associations between outcome parameters (progression-free or overall survival) and 18 F-FDG PET parameters were found.This large cohort study shows that most cases of ACC demonstrate high 18 F-FDG uptake. However, the positive correlation observed between SUV max and Ki-67 expression levels seems to explain the possibility of identifying some ACC with a low or inexistent 18 F-FDG uptake. These findings have practical implications for the management of patients with an adrenal mass.
Radiation-free digital cholangioscopy-guided removal of bile duct foreign body and holmium laser lithotripsy for large common bile duct stones
Authors: Yinqiu Zhang, Yadong Feng
Journal: Endoscopy (2023)

Digital cholangioscopy (SpyGlass; Boston Scientific, Marlborough, Massachusetts, USA) allows direct visualization of the biliary system for therapeutic interventions [1]. This is a report of cholangioscopy-guided removal of a biliary plastic stent and holmium laser lithotripsy for large common bile duct (CBD) stones.
Differentiation of a Falcine Meningioma From Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis Using DOTATATE PET
Authors: Isabelle Stetter, Jan-Michael Werner, Michael Schroeter, Claudia Baumann, Janina Neuneier, Marc Schlamann, Matthias Schmidt, Alexander Drzezga, Gereon R. Fink, Norbert Galldiks
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2023)

Differentiating brain tumors from nonneoplastic lesions using conventional MRI may be challenging. Clinical symptoms often remain unspecific, and imaging findings from MRI may be inconclusive. We present the case of a 23-year-old woman in whom an MRI suggested a cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. On the other hand, additional atypical MRI findings raised doubts regarding the initial diagnosis. Given the need for a diagnostic procedure with higher sensitivity and specificity for neoplastic tissue, PET with the radiolabeled somatostatin receptor ligand DOTATATE ( 68 Ga-DOTA- d -Phe1-Tyr3-octreotate) was performed. DOTATATE PET facilitated the diagnosis of a falcine meningioma consistent with its value for the differential diagnosis of meningioma.
Candy cane syndrome: a new endoscopic treatment for this underappreciated surgical complication
Authors: Sohaib Ouazzani, Mohamed Gasmi, Jean-Michel Gonzalez, Marc Barthet
Journal: Endoscopy (2023)

Candy cane syndrome refers to an excessive blind jejunal limb length in gastro- or esophago-jejunostomy. This conformation favors its preferential filling and progressive dilation across time, which pushes against the efferent limb and impedes its outlet [1].
Proposed MIBG Scan–Based Tumor Response Criteria of High-Specific-Activity 131I-MIBG Therapy in Metastatic Pheochromocytoma/Paraganglioma
Authors: Yang Lu, Guofan Xu, Camilo Jimenez
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2023)

Abstract High-specific-activity 131 I-MIBG (Azedra) is the only Food and Drug Administration–approved therapy for metastatic pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas, which are rare neuroendocrine tumors with limited treatment options. Based on our experience, we proposed here functional imaging-based tumor response criteria for these patient cohorts. Each response category was illustrated with typical sample cases, and clinical correlation was provided.
IASLC Lung Cancer Staging Project: The New Database to Inform Revisions in the Ninth Edition of the TNM Classification of Lung Cancer
Authors: Hisao Asamura, Katherine K. Nishimura, Dorothy J. Giroux, Kari Chansky, Antje Hoering, Valerie Rusch, Ramón Rami-Porta, Hisao Asamura, Valerie Rusch, Ramón Rami-Porta, Luiz Henrique Araujo, David Beer, Pietro Bertoglio, Ricardo Beyruti, Andrea Billè, Souheil Boubia, Elisabeth Brambilla, A.K. Cangir, David Carbone, Vanessa Cilento, Casey Connolly, Gail Darling, Frank Detterbeck, Daniel Dibaba, Xavier Benoit D’Journo, Jessica Donington, Wilfried Eberhardt, John Edwards, Jeremy Erasmus, Wentao Fang, Dean Fennell, Kwun Fong, Françoise Galateau-Sallé, Oliver Gautschi, Ritu R. Gill, Dorothy Giroux, Meredith Giuliani, Jin Mo Goo, Seiki Hasegawa, Fred Hirsch, Hans Hoffman, Wayne Hofstetter, James Huang, Philippe Joubert, Kemp Kernstine, Keith Kerr, Young Tae Kim, Dong Kwan Kim, Hedy Kindler, Yolande Lievens, Hui Liu, Donald E. Low, Gustavo Lyons, Heber MacMahon, Alyson Mahar, Mirella Marino, Edith M. Marom, José-María Matilla, Jan van Meerbeeck, Luis M. Montuenga, Andrew Nicholson, Katie Nishimura, Anna Nowak, Isabelle Opitz, Meinoshin Okumura, Raymond U. Osarogiagbon, Harvey Pass, Marc de Perrot, Helmut Prosch, David Rice, Andreas Rimner, Adam Rosenthal, Enrico Rufﬁni, Shuji Sakai, Paul Van Schil, Navneet Singh, Francisco Suárez, Ricardo M. Terra, William D. Travis, Ming S. Tsao, Paula Ugalde, Shun-ichi Watanabe, Ignacio Wistuba, Murry Wynes, Yasushi Yatabe
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2023)
New Horizons in Radioligand Therapy
Authors: Florian Rosar, Stephan Maus, Andrea Schaefer-Schuler, Caroline Burgard, Fadi Khreish, Samer Ezziddin
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2023)

Abstract An 85-year-old man with advanced metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and progression after 8 cycles of 177 Lu–prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)–617 radioligand therapy (RLT) received 1 cycle of 161 Tb-PSMA RLT. This one administration of 6.5 GBq 161 Tb-PSMA-617 resulted in impressive partial remission with a PSA decline by 53.4% (from 474 to 221 ng/mL) and a concomitant decrease in tumor burden on PSMA PET/CT imaging. The presented case provides stunning initial evidence of the therapeutic potential of 161 Tb-PSMA RLT in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, even in patients progressing after extensive 177 Lu-based RLT. 161 Tb-labeled PSMA ligands may thus offer a promising alternative to standard PSMA RLT.
ACTH-Secreting Renal Neuroendocrine Tumor on 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT
Authors: Si Xu, Yang Liu, Jinxin Zhou, Yifan Zhang
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2023)

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-secreting renal neuroendocrine tumor (NET) is extremely rare. A left renal mass was detected on ultrasound in a 26-year-old patient with ACTH-dependent Cushing syndrome. The lesion demonstrated slightly high density and moderate uptake of radiotracer on 68 Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT, suspected to be a NET. Renal vein sampling revealed excessive ACTH secretion from the left kidney. Histopathological examination after surgery finally confirmed the diagnosis of a functioning renal NET.
Linear array endoscopic ultrasonography for a patient with situs inversus totalis
Authors: Su Luo, Li-sheng Wang, De-feng Li, Jun Yao
Journal: Endoscopy (2023)

Situs inversus totalis (SIT) is a rare congenital anomaly with complete inversion of the viscera [1]. The altered anatomical position of the organs can cause great technical challenges in endoscopic procedures [2].
Underwater clipping in the colon
Authors: Shunsuke Yamamoto, Adolfo Parra-Blanco
Journal: Endoscopy (2023)

Clipping closure of large mucosal defects in the gastrointestinal tract can be difficult and time consuming, and sometimes requires many clips as the mucosa surrounding the defect stretches following endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR). Techniques utilizing the underwater method have been increasingly used in various endoscopic procedures [1] [2] [3]. Its application in clipping has been reported in large colonic and duodenal endoscopic submucosal dissection [4]. Here, we demonstrate the use of underwater clipping after EMR in the colon ([Video 1]).
Mechanisms underlying food insecurity in the aftermath of climate-related shocks: a systematic review
Authors: Kristie Hadley, Stefan Wheat, Heidi Honegger Rogers, Arjun Balakumar, Diana Gonzales-Pacheco, Sarah Shrum Davis, Hanna Linstadt, Tracy Cushing, Lewis H Ziska, Christi Piper, Cecilia Sorensen
Journal: The Lancet Planetary Health (2023)

Food insecurity is prevalent, affecting 1·2 billion people globally in 2021. However, the effects of food insecurity are unequally distributed across populations and climate-related shocks threaten to exacerbate food insecurity and associated health consequences. The mechanisms underlying this exacerbation at the household level are largely unknown. We aimed to synthesise the available evidence on the mechanisms connecting extreme climate events to household-level food insecurity and highlight the research gaps that must be addressed to inform better food security and health policy. For this systematic review, a comprehensive literature search was done by a medical librarian in February, 2021 for articles about food security and climate-related shocks. Relevant publications were identified by searching the following databases with a combination of standardised index terms and keywords: MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, GreenFILE, Environment Complete, Web of Science Core Collection, and Global Health. Searches were limited to human studies published in English. Included studies measured food security outcomes using indicators developed by the UN Food and Agricultural Organization (ie, consumption patterns, livelihood change, malnutrition, and mortality) and explained the mechanism behind the household-level or population-level food insecurity. Purely theoretical, modelling, and review studies were excluded. Quality assessment was conducted using the appropriate Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tool. Data were analysed using thematic analysis of the categories of mechanism (interpreted using internationally accepted frameworks), risk and resilience factors, and author policy recommendations. We found a paucity of data with only 18 studies meeting criteria for inclusion out of 337 studies identified for full-text review. All the studies that were included in our analysis showed worse food security outcomes after climate-related shocks. Food availability was the most common mechanism cited (17 studies), although most studies addressed at least one additional mechanism (15 studies). Studies were of mixed methodologies with nuanced discussions of risk and resilience factors, and of policy recommendations. This systematic review shows that there is an incomplete assessment of food security at the household and community level after climate-related shocks in the literature and finds that food availability is the primary mechanism studied. The low number of studies on this topic limits subgroup analysis and generalisability; however, the good quality of the studies allows for important policy recommendations around improving resilience to climate shocks and suggestions for future research including the need for a more granular understanding of mechanisms and feasible adaptation solutions.
Adjuvant nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus placebo for localised renal cell carcinoma after nephrectomy (CheckMate 914): a double-blind, randomised, phase 3 trial
Authors: Robert J Motzer, Paul Russo, Viktor Grünwald, Yoshihiko Tomita, Bogdan Zurawski, Omi Parikh, Sebastiano Buti, Philippe Barthélémy, Jeffrey C Goh, Dingwei Ye, Alejo Lingua, Jean-Baptiste Lattouf, Laurence Albigès, Saby George, Brian Shuch, Jeffrey Sosman, Michael Staehler, Sergio Vázquez Estévez, Burcin Simsek, Julia Spiridigliozzi, Aleksander Chudnovsky, Axel Bex
Journal: The Lancet (2023)
An investigational oral plasma kallikrein inhibitor for on-demand treatment of hereditary angioedema: a two-part, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover phase 2 trial
Authors: Emel Aygören-Pürsün, Andrea Zanichelli, Danny M Cohn, Mauro Cancian, Roman Hakl, Tamar Kinaciyan, Markus Magerl, Inmaculada Martinez-Saguer, Marcin Stobiecki, Henriette Farkas, Sorena Kiani-Alikhan, Vesna Grivcheva-Panovska, Jonathan A Bernstein, H Henry Li, Hilary J Longhurst, Paul K Audhya, Michael D Smith, Christopher M Yea, Andreas Maetzel, Daniel K Lee, Edward P Feener, Richard Gower, William R Lumry, Aleena Banerji, Marc A Riedl, Marcus Maurer
Journal: The Lancet (2023)