tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Perspectives of Clinicians and Staff at Community-Based Opioid Use Disorder Treatment Settings on Linkages With Emergency Department–Initiated Buprenorphine Programs
Authors: Kimberly L. Sue, Marek Chawarski, Leslie Curry, Ryan McNeil, Edouard Coupet, Robert P. Schwartz, Christine Wilder, Judith I. Tsui, Kathryn F. Hawk, Gail D’Onofrio, Patrick G. O’Connor, David A. Fiellin, E. Jennifer Edelman
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Importance An increasing number of emergency departments (EDs) are initiating buprenorphine for opioid use disorder (OUD) and linking patients to ongoing community-based treatment, yet community-based clinician and staff perspectives regarding this practice have not been characterized. Objective To explore perspectives and experiences regarding ED-initiated buprenorphine among community-based clinicians and staff in geographically distinct regions. Design, Setting, and Participants This qualitative study reports findings from Project ED Health, a hybrid type 3 effectiveness-implementation study designed to evaluate the impact of implementation facilitation on ED-initiated buprenorphine with referral to ongoing medication treatment. Clinicians and staff from community-based treatment programs were identified by urban academic EDs as potential referral sites for ongoing OUD treatment in 4 cities across the US in a formative evaluation as having the capability to continue medication treatment. Focus groups were held from April 1, 2018, to January 11, 2019, to examine community OUD treatment clinician and staff perspectives on accepting patients who have received ED-initiated buprenorphine. Data were analyzed from August 2020 to August 2022. Main Outcomes and Measures Data collection and analysis were grounded in the Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (PARIHS) implementation science framework, focusing on domains including evidence, context, and facilitation. Results A total of 103 individuals (mean [SD] age, 45.3 [12.0] years; 76 female and 64 White) participated in 14 focus groups (groups ranged from 3-22 participants). Participants shared negative attitudes toward buprenorphine and variable attitudes toward ED-initiated buprenorphine. Prominent barriers included the community site treatment capacity and structure as well as payment and regulatory barriers. Perceived factors that could facilitate this model included additional substance use disorder training for ED staff, referrals and communication, greater inclusion of peer navigators, and addressing sociostructural marginalization that patients faced. Conclusions and Relevance In this study of community-based clinicians and staff positioned to deliver OUD treatment, participants reported many barriers to successful linkages for patients who received ED-initiated buprenorphine. Strategies to improve these linkages included educating communities and programs, modeling low-barrier philosophies, and using additional staff trained in addiction as resources to improve transitions from EDs to community partners.
Association of nativity with survival among adults with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Kali Zhou, Ziwei Song, Nairi Rostomian, Jennifer L Dodge, Mariana C Stern, V Wendy Setiawan, Norah A Terrault, Myles G Cockburn, Lihua Liu
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2023)

Abstract Introduction Immigrants comprise a considerable proportion of those diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the United States. Nativity or birthplace affects incidence and risk factors for HCC, but little is known about its influence on survival after diagnosis. Methods We identified 51 533 adults with HCC with available birthplace in the California Cancer Registry between 1988 and 2017. HCC cases were categorized as foreign born or US born and stratified by mutually exclusive race and ethnicity groups. Primary outcome was all-cause mortality. Race and ethnicity–specific Cox regression propensity score-weighted models evaluated the relationship between nativity and death as well as region of birth among foreign-born patients. Results A total of 40% of all HCC cases were foreign born, and 92.2%, 45.2%, 9.1%, and 5.8% of Asian/Pacific Islander (API), Hispanic, White, and Black patients were foreign born, respectively. Five-year survival rates were higher in foreign-born patients compared with US-born patients: 12.9% vs 9.6% for White patients, 11.7% vs 9.8% for Hispanic patients, 12.8% vs 8.1% for Black patients, and 16.4% vs 12.4% for API patients. Nativity was associated with survival, with better survival in foreign-born patients: White patients: hazard ratio (HR) = 0.86 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.81 to 0.90), Hispanic patients: HR = 0.90 (95% CI = 0.86 to 0.93), Black patients: HR = 0.89 (95% CI = 0.76 to 1.05), and API patients: HR = 0.94 (95% CI = 0.88 to 1.00). Among foreign-born patients, lower mortality was observed in those from Central and South America compared with Mexico for Hispanic patients, East Asia compared with Southeast Asia for API patients, and East Europe and Greater Middle East compared with West/South/North Europe for White patients. Conclusion Foreign-born patients with HCC have better survival than US-born patients. Further investigation into the mechanisms of this survival disparity by nativity is needed.
cis-B7:CD28 interactions at invaginated synaptic membranes provide CD28 co-stimulation and promote CD8+ T cell function and anti-tumor immunity
Authors: Yunlong Zhao, Christine Caron, Ya-Yuan Chan, Calvin K. Lee, Xiaozheng Xu, Jibin Zhang, Takeya Masubuchi, Chuan Wu, Jack D. Bui, Enfu Hui
Journal: Immunity (2023)
Intimate Partner Violence Circumstances for Fatal Violence in the US
Authors: Julie M. Kafka, Kathryn E. Moracco, Laurie M. Graham, Millan A. AbiNader, Mike Dolan Fliss, Ali Rowhani-Rahbar
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

This cross-sectional study investigates intimate partner violence circumstances associated with violent deaths in the US from 2015 to 2019.
Incidence and prevalence of generalized pustular psoriasis in multiethnic Johor Bahru, Malaysia: a population-based cohort study using routinely captured electronic health records in the Teleprimary Care (TPC®) clinical information system from 2010 to 2020
Authors: Siew Eng Choon, Alison K Wright, Christopher E M Griffiths, Kit Wan Wong, Kwee Eng  Tey, Yee Ting Lim, Keow Yin Chua, Darren M Ashcroft
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2023)

There is limited understanding of the epidemiology of generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) internationally, with no population-based estimates of GPP in South East Asia.To determine the incidence and prevalence of GPP in the Malaysian population and characterize its flares and trigger factors.We conducted a population-based cohort study using the Teleprimary Care database between January 2010 and December 2020. We identified 230 dermatologist-confirmed GPP cases using International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision, diagnostic codes. Annual prevalence and incidence rates were stratified by age, sex and ethnicity. We compared data regarding flares and trigger factors for patients with GPP who had associated psoriasis vulgaris (PV) with those who did not have associated PV.The prevalence of GPP was 198 per million (267 women, 127 men) and incidence was 27.2 per million person-years [95% confidence interval (CI) 22.8-31.6]; 35.3 (28.4-42.2) per million person-years for women and 18.3 (13.1-23.5) per million person-years for men. Rates were higher in Chinese individuals [prevalence 271 per million; incidence 41.6 per million person-years (28.9-54.3)] than in the Malay population [prevalence 186; incidence 24.6 (19.4-29.7)] or the Indian ethnic group [prevalence 179; incidence 25.0 (13.8-36.3)]. Annual prevalence was consistently higher in women than in men and highest among the Chinese population, followed by the Indian and Malay populations. Overall, 67% of patients with GPP had associated PV. The prevalence and incidence of GPP without PV were lower than GPP with PV at 66 vs. 132 per million and 19.3 (95% CI 15.6-23.0) vs. 8.0 (95% CI 5.6-10.3) per million person-years, respectively. The mean age at GPP onset was 42.7 years (SD 18.4). A bimodal trend in the age of GPP onset was observed, with first and second peaks at age 20-29 years and age 50-59 years, respectively. Disease onset was significantly earlier in patients with GPP without PV than in those with PV [mean age 37.5 years (SD 20.7) vs. 44.9 years (SD 17.0), P = 0.026]. Flares occurred more frequently in patients without PV than in those with PV [mean number of flares per patient per year was 1.35 (SD 0.77) vs. 1.25 (SD 0.58), P = 0.039]. Common triggers of flares in patients with GPP who did not have PV were infections, pregnancy, menstruation and stress, whereas withdrawal of therapy, particularly systemic corticosteroids, was a more frequent trigger in patients with GPP who also had PV.Our findings contribute to the global mapping of GPP, which will help inform the management of this rare condition.
Early-Life Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution from Multiple Sources and Asthma Incidence in Children: A Nationwide Birth Cohort Study from Denmark
Authors: Marie Pedersen, Shuo Liu, Jiawei Zhang, Zorana Jovanovic Andersen, Jørgen Brandt, Esben Budtz-Jørgensen, Klaus Bønnelykke, Lise Marie Frohn, Anne-Marie Nybo Andersen, Matthias Ketzel, Jibran Khan, Leslie Stayner, Bert Brunekreef, Steffen Loft
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2023)

Background: Ambient air pollution exposure has been associated with childhood asthma, but previous studies have primarily focused on prevalence of asthma and asthma-related outcomes and urban traffic-related exposures. Objective: We examined nationwide associations between pre- and postnatal exposure to ambient air pollution components and asthma incidence in children age 0–19 y. Methods: Asthma incidence was identified from hospital admission, emergency room, and outpatient contacts among all live-born singletons born in Denmark between 1998 and 2016. We linked registry data with monthly mean concentrations of particulate matter (PM) with aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5μm (PM2.5) and PM with aerodynamic diameter ≤10μm (PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitrogen oxides, elemental carbon, and organic carbon (OC), sulfur dioxide, ozone, sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, secondary organic aerosols, and sea salt. Associations were estimated with Cox proportional hazard models using fixed prenatal exposure means and time-varying postnatal exposures. Results: Of the 1,060,154 children included, 6.1% had asthma during the mean follow-up period of 8.8 y. The risk of asthma increased with increasing prenatal exposure to all pollutants except for O3 and sea salt. We also observed increased risk after restriction to asthma after age 4 y, after additional adjustment for area-specific socioeconomic status, and for postnatal exposure to most pollutants. The hazard ratio (HR) associated with an interquartile range increase of 2.4 and 8.7 μg/m3 in prenatal exposure was 1.06 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04, 1.08] for PM2.5 and 1.04 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.05) for NO2, respectively. This association with PM2.5 was stable after adjustment for NO2, whereas it attenuated for NO2 to 1.01 (95% CI: 0.99, 1.03) after adjustment for PM2.5. For a 0.5-μg/m3 increase in prenatal OC exposure, for which biomass is an important source, the HR was 1.08 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.10), irrespective of adjustment for PM2.5. Discussion: These findings suggest that early-life exposure to ambient air pollution from multiple sources contributes to asthma development. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11539
Venous thromboembolism risk in cancer patients receiving first‐line immune checkpoint inhibitor versus chemotherapy
Authors: Ang Li, Sarah B. May, Jennifer La, Kylee L. Martens, Christopher I. Amos, Christopher R. Flowers, Nhan V. Do, Mary T. Brophy, Vipul Chitalia, Katya Ravid, John Michael Gaziano, Nathanael R. Fillmore
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2023)

Abstract It remains unclear if immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy is associated with higher rate of venous thromboembolism (VTE) compared with cytotoxic chemotherapy (chemo) in patients with comparable cancer type, staging, and comorbidities. Using the national Veterans Affairs healthcare system database from 2016 to 2021, we performed a propensity score (PS)‐weighted retrospective cohort study to compare the incidence of VTE in patients with selected stage III/IV cancer receiving first‐line ICI versus chemo. The PS model utilized overlap weights to balance age, sex, race, treatment year, VTE history, paralysis/immobilization, prolonged hospitalization, cancer type, staging, time between diagnosis and treatment, and National Cancer Institute comorbidity index. Weighted Cox regressions with robust standard error were used to assess the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). We found that among comparable advanced cancers, first‐line ICI (n = 1823) and first‐line chemo (n = 6345) had similar rates of VTE (8.49% for ICI and 8.36% for chemo at 6 months). The weighted HR was 1.06 (95% CI 0.88–1.26) for ICI versus chemo. In a subgroup analysis restricted to lung cancers, first‐line ICI/chemo (n = 828), ICI monotherapy (n = 428), and chemo monotherapy (n = 4371) had similar rates of VTE (9.60% for ICI/chemo, 10.04% for ICI, and 8.91% for chemo at 6 months). The weighted HR was 1.05 (95% CI 0.77–1.42) for ICI versus chemo, and 1.08 (95% CI 0.83–1.42) for ICI/chemo versus chemo. In conclusion, ICI as a systemic therapy has a similarly elevated risk as cytotoxic chemo for VTE occurrence in cancer patients. This finding can inform future prospective studies exploring thromboprophylaxis strategies.
Multimodal therapy strategy based on a bioactive hydrogel for repair of spinal cord injury
Authors: Eun Ji Roh, Da-Seul Kim, Jun Hyuk Kim, Chang Su Lim, Hyemin Choi, Su Yeon Kwon, So-Yeon Park, Jun Yong Kim, Hyun-Mun Kim, Dong-Youn Hwang, Dong Keun Han, Inbo Han
Journal: Biomaterials (2023)
Cumulative burden of late, major surgical intervention in survivors of childhood cancer: a report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (CCSS) cohort
Authors: Bryan V Dieffenbach, Andrew J Murphy, Qi Liu, Duncan C Ramsey, Erik J Geiger, Lisa R Diller, Rebecca M Howell, Kevin C Oeffinger, Leslie L Robison, Yutaka Yasui, Gregory T Armstrong, Eric J Chow, Brent R Weil, Christopher B Weldon
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2023)
Effect of HPV self-collection kits on cervical cancer screening uptake among under-screened women from low-income US backgrounds (MBMT-3): a phase 3, open-label, randomised controlled trial
Authors: Peyton K Pretsch, Lisa P Spees, Noel T Brewer, Michael G Hudgens, Busola Sanusi, Eliane Rohner, Elyse Miller, Sarah L Jackson, Lynn Barclay, Alicia Carter, Stephanie B Wheeler, Jennifer S Smith
Journal: The Lancet Public Health (2023)

Most cervical cancer in the USA occurs in under-screened women. The My Body, My Test-3 (MBMT-3) trial sought to assess the efficacy of mailed human papillomavirus (HPV) self-collection kits with appointment-scheduling assistance to increase uptake of cervical cancer screening among under-screened women from low-income backgrounds compared with scheduling assistance alone.
Twitter, public health, and misinformation
Authors: None The Lancet Digital Health
Journal: The Lancet Digital Health (2023)

Over the past few months, Twitter has rolled out its new subscription-based verification services, Verified Organizations and an updated version of Twitter Blue. Many legacy verified accounts have since lost their blue tick, including The Lancet journals. These paid-for services could drive the spread of health misinformation through a rise in the verification of malicious accounts and reduced visibility of bonafide public health experts and groups who opt not to (or cannot afford to) subscribe.
Dalpiciclib plus letrozole or anastrozole versus placebo plus letrozole or anastrozole as first-line treatment in patients with hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer (DAWNA-2): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial
Authors: Pin Zhang, Qingyuan Zhang, Zhongsheng Tong, Tao Sun, Wei Li, Quchang Ouyang, Xichun Hu, Ying Cheng, Min Yan, Yueyin Pan, Yuee Teng, Xi Yan, Ying Wang, Weimin Xie, Xiaohua Zeng, Xiaojia Wang, Changlu Hu, Cuizhi Geng, Hongwei Zhang, Wenxin Li, Xinhong Wu, Jincai Zhong, Jingwei Xu, Yanxia Shi, Wenhua Wei, Nayima Bayaxi, Xiaoyu Zhu, Binghe Xu
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2023)
Mortality after hospital discharge among children younger than 5 years admitted with suspected sepsis in Uganda: a prospective, multisite, observational cohort study
Authors: Matthew O Wiens, Jeffrey N Bone, Elias Kumbakumba, Stephen Businge, Abner Tagoola, Sheila Oyella Sherine, Emmanuel Byaruhanga, Edward Ssemwanga, Celestine Barigye, Jesca Nsungwa, Charles Olaro, J Mark Ansermino, Niranjan Kissoon, Joel Singer, Charles P Larson, Pascal M Lavoie, Dustin Dunsmuir, Peter P Moschovis, Stefanie Novakowski, Clare Komugisha, Mellon Tayebwa, Douglas Mwesigwa, Cherri Zhang, Martina Knappett, Nicholas West, Vuong Nguyen, Nathan Kenya Mugisha, Jerome Kabakyenga
Journal: The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health (2023)
No woman left behind: achieving cervical cancer elimination among women living with HIV
Authors: Kirthana Sharma, Dorothy A Machalek, Zheng Q Toh, Demisew Amenu, Mazvita Muchengeti, Andrew K Ndlovu, Alex Mremi, Bariki Mchome, Andrew J Vallely, Lynette Denny, Helen Rees, Suzanne M Garland
Journal: The Lancet HIV (2023)
Efficacy and safety of sulbactam–durlobactam versus colistin for the treatment of patients with serious infections caused by Acinetobacter baumannii–calcoaceticus complex: a multicentre, randomised, active-controlled, phase 3, non-inferiority clinical trial (ATTACK)
Authors: Keith S Kaye, Andrew F Shorr, Richard G Wunderink, Bin Du, Gabrielle E Poirier, Khurram Rana, Alita Miller, Drew Lewis, John O'Donnell, Lan Chen, Harald Reinhart, Subasree Srinivasan, Robin Isaacs, David Altarac
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2023)
A new immuno-oncology target – SUMOylation
Authors: Yuan Chen
Journal: Trends in cancer (2023)

Immunotherapy has been a paradigm shift in cancer treatment to produce durable responses. Unfortunately, most cancers do not respond to current immunotherapies, and thus, exploring novel mechanisms is crucial. Emerging data now demonstrate that protein modification by the small ubiquitin-like modifiers (SUMO) is a novel target to activate antitumor immunity.
Retraction Notice to: Risk-Associated Long Noncoding RNA FOXD3-AS1 Inhibits Neuroblastoma Progression by Repressing PARP1-Mediated Activation of CTCF
Authors: Xiang Zhao, Dan Li, Dandan Huang, Huajie Song, Hong Mei, Erhu Fang, Xiaojing Wang, Feng Yang, Liduan Zheng, Kai Huang, Qiangsong Tong
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2023)

(Molecular Therapy 26, 755–773; March 2018) This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief. Similarities were found between images in this article and in two other articles: miRNA-337-3p inhibits gastric cancer progression through repressing myeloid zinc finger 1-facilitated expression of matrix metalloproteinase 14 (Zheng et al., 2016, Oncotarget 7, 40314-40328, https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.9739) and HNF4A-AS1/hnRNPU/CTCF axis as a therapeutic target for aerobic glycolysis and neuroblastoma progression (Song et al., 2020, J. Hematol. Oncol. 13, 24, https://doi.org/10.1186/s13045-020-00857-7). Reader concerns were initially reported in a Pubpeer thread (https://pubpeer.com/publications/8027ACB199BDBD3A6228F65E2120CE). Image analysis performed by the editorial office confirmed the findings of image duplication in Figures 2B, 6B, 8E, and 8F of the Molecular Therapy article. This reuse (and in part misrepresentation) of data without appropriate attribution represents a severe abuse of the scientific publishing system. The authors disagree with the retraction and maintain that the conclusions of the paper are unaffected. The retraction notice was undeliverable to two authors (Dan Li and Dandan Huang). RETRACTED: Risk-Associated Long Noncoding RNA FOXD3-AS1 Inhibits Neuroblastoma Progression by Repressing PARP1-Mediated Activation of CTCFZhao et al.Molecular TherapyDecember 22, 2017In BriefThis article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal ( https://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy ). Full-Text PDF Open Archive
Beyond the unfolded protein response: Disclosing the role of XBP1s in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Elena Marcello
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2023)

In the last 25 years, neuroscientists in search of a cure for Alzheimer's disease (AD) have devoted their efforts to developing therapeutic strategies targeting the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide. However, considering the questionable results of the clinical trials so far, it is vital to examine other targets and therapeutic approaches to restore cognitive function in AD patients and to slow down disease progression.
The cross-sectional association between amyloid burden and white matter hyperintensities in older adults without cognitive impairment: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Emma L. Twait, Britt Min, Magdalena Beran, Jet M.J. Vonk, Mirjam I. Geerlings
Journal: Ageing Research Reviews (2023)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia, characterized by the aggregation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) proteins into plaques. Individuals with AD frequently show mixed pathologies, often caused by cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), resulting in lesions such as white matter hyperintensities (WMH). The current systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the cross-sectional relationship between amyloid burden and WMH in older adults without objective cognitive impairment. A systematic search performed in PubMed, Embase, and PsycINFO yielded 13 eligible studies. Aβ was assessed using PET, CSF, or plasma measurements. Two meta-analyses were performed: one on Cohen's d metrics and one on correlation coefficients. The meta-analyses revealed an overall weighted small-to-medium Cohen's d of 0.55 (95% CI: 0.31-0.78) in CSF, an overall correlation of 0.31 (0.09-0.50) in CSF, and a large Cohen's d of 0.96 (95% CI: 0.66-1.27) in PET. Only two studies assessed this relationship in plasma, with an effect size of - 0.20 (95% CI: -0.75 to 0.34). These findings indicate a relationship between both amyloid and vascular pathologies in cognitively normal adults in PET and CSF. Future studies should assess the possible relationship of blood amyloid-beta and WMH for broader identification of at risk individuals showing mixed pathology in preclinical stages.
Childhood socioeconomic status and the pace of structural neurodevelopment: accelerated, delayed, or simply different?
Authors: Divyangana Rakesh, Sarah Whittle, Margaret A. Sheridan, Katie A. McLaughlin
Journal: Trends in Cognitive Sciences (2023)

Socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with children's brain and behavioral development. Several theories propose that early experiences of adversity or low SES can alter the pace of neurodevelopment during childhood and adolescence. These theories make contrasting predictions about whether adverse experiences and low SES are associated with accelerated or delayed neurodevelopment. We contextualize these predictions within the context of normative development of cortical and subcortical structure and review existing evidence on SES and structural brain development to adjudicate between competing hypotheses. Although none of these theories are fully consistent with observed SES-related differences in brain development, existing evidence suggests that low SES is associated with brain structure trajectories more consistent with a delayed or simply different developmental pattern than an acceleration in neurodevelopment.