tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Anti-EGFR Therapy for Left-Sided <i>RAS</i> Wild-type Colorectal Cancer—PARADIGM Shift
Authors: Hannah R. Robinson, Christopher H. Lieu
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Kinetic and mechanistic diversity of intestinal immune homeostasis characterized by rapid removal of gut bacteria
Authors: Da-Jung Jung, Ledia Gebremedhin, Byoungsook Goh, Ji-Sun Yoo, Francesca Gazzaniga, Dennis L. Kasper, Sungwhan F. Oh
Journal: Gut Microbes (2023)

Symbiotic microbiota critically contribute to host immune homeostasis in effector cell-specific manner. For exclusion of microbial component, germ-free animals have been the gold standard method. However, total removal of the entire gut microbiota of an animal from birth significantly skews physiological development. On the other hand, removal of gut microbiota from conventional mice using oral antibiotics has its own limitations, especially lack of consistency and the requirement for long-term treatment period. Here, we introduce an improved regimen to quickly remove gut microbiota and to maintain sterility, that is well received by animals without refusal. Rapid and consistent exclusion of resident bacteria in the gut lumen revealed kinetic differences among colonic lymphocyte subsets, which cannot be observed with typical germ-free animal models. Furthermore, the proposed method distinguished the mechanism of microbiota contribution as a direct stimulus to capable effector cells and a homeostatic cue to maintain such cell types.
Single Component Organic Photosensitizer with NIR‐I Emission Realizing Type‐I Photodynamic and GSH‐Depletion Caused Ferroptosis Synergistic Theranostics
Authors: Laiping Fang, Mingda Han, Yuan Zhang, Yue Song, Botong Liu, Minmin Cai, Mengpei Jiang, Liyun Hu, Ran Zheng, Xin Lian, Fei Yan, Keke Huang, Shouhua Feng
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Phototheranostic agents have thrived as prominent tools for tumor luminescence imaging and therapies. Herein, a series of organic photosensitizers (PSs) with donor-acceptors (D-A) are elaborately designed and synthesized. In particular, PPR-2CN exhibits stable near infrared-I (NIR-I) emission, excellent free radicals generation and phototoxicity. Experimental analysis and calculations imply that a small singlet-triplet energy gap (ΔES1-T1 ) and large spin-orbit coupling (SOC) constant boost the intersystem crossing (ISC), leading to type-I photodynamic therapy (PDT). Additionally, the specific glutamate (Glu) and glutathione (GSH) consumption abilities of PPR-2CN inhibit the intracellular biosynthesis of GSH, resulting in redox dyshomeostasis and GSH-depletion causing ferroptosis. This work first realizes that single component organic PS could be simultaneously used as a type-I photodynamic agent and metal-free ferroptosis inducer for NIR-I imaging-guided multimodal synergistic therapy.
Lysophosphatidic acid, a simple phospholipid with myriad functions
Authors: Keisuke Yanagida, Takao Shimizu
Journal: Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2023)

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a simple phospholipid consisting of a phosphate group, glycerol moiety, and only one hydrocarbon chain. Despite its simple chemical structure, LPA plays an important role as an essential bioactive signaling molecule via its specific six G protein-coupled receptors, LPA1–6. Recent studies, especially those using genetic tools, have revealed diverse physiological and pathological roles of LPA and LPA receptors in almost every organ system. Furthermore, many studies are illuminating detailed mechanisms to orchestrate multiple LPA receptor signaling pathways and to facilitate their coordinated function. Importantly, these extensive "bench" works are now translated into the "bedside" as exemplified by approaches targeting LPA1 signaling to combat fibrotic diseases. In this review, we discuss the physiological and pathological roles of LPA signaling and their implications for clinical application by focusing on findings revealed by in vivo studies utilizing genetic tools targeting LPA receptors.
Randomized Phase III Trial Evaluating Subcutaneous Rituximab for the First-Line Treatment of Low–Tumor Burden Follicular Lymphoma: Results of a LYSA Study
Authors: Guillaume Cartron, Emmanuel Bachy, Hervé Tilly, Nicolas Daguindau, Gian-Matteo Pica, Fontanet Bijou, Christiane Mounier, Aline Clavert, Gandhi Laurent Damaj, Borhane Slama, Olivier Casasnovas, Roch Houot, Krimo Bouabdallah, David Sibon, Olivier Fitoussi, Nadine Morineau, Charles Herbaux, Thomas Gastinne, Luc-Matthieu Fornecker, Corinne Haioun, Vincent Launay, Carla Araujo, Omar Benbrahim, Laurence Sanhes, Remy Gressin, Hugo Gonzalez, Franck Morschhauser, David Ternant, Luc Xerri, Karin Tarte, Delphine Pranger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2023)

Rituximab improves progression-free survival (PFS) and time to next treatment (TTNT) when compared with the watch and wait strategy for patients with low-tumor burden follicular lymphoma (FL). Prolonged rituximab maintenance did not prolong TTNT, whereas it raises concerns about resources use and patient adhesion. Our aim was then to investigate the use of short rituximab maintenance using the subcutaneous (SC) route in patients with low-tumor burden FL.Patients with histologically confirmed CD20+ low-tumor burden FL were randomly assigned to receive either rituximab, 375 mg/m2 once daily on D1, D8, D15, and D22, intravenous route (IV, control arm), or rituximab, 375 mg/m2, on day 1 (D1), IV followed by rituximab 1,400 mg total dose, SC once daily on D8, D15, and D22, with maintenance at months 3 (M3), M5, M7, and M9 (experimental arm). The primary end point was PFS. Secondary end points included safety, overall response rates, TTNT, and overall survival (OS).Two hundred two patients with low-tumor burden FL were randomly assigned to the experimental (n = 100) or control arm (n = 102). The primary end point was met: the 4-year PFS was 58.1% (95% CI, 47.5 to 67.4) and 41.2% (95% CI, 30.6 to 51.6) in experimental and control arms, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.585 [0.393 to 0.871]; P = .0076). Complete response (CR) rates were 59.0% (95% CI, 48.7 to 68.7) in the experimental arm and 36.3% (95% CI, 27.0 to 46.4) in the control arm (P = .001). TTNT and OS were not significantly different. CR was associated with longer PFS and TTNT. High rituximab exposure during the first three months was independently associated with higher CR, PFS, and TTNT.SC rituximab improves PFS for patients with low-tumor burden FL when used in induction followed by short maintenance. High rituximab exposure during the first 3 months after treatment initiation is, however, the only parameter influencing patient outcomes.
Cardiovascular Disease in Testicular Cancer Survivors: Identification of Risk Factors and Impact on Quality of Life
Authors: Sjoukje Lubberts, Harmke J. Groot, Ronald de Wit, Sasja Mulder, Johannes A. Witjes, J. Martijn Kerst, Gerard Groenewegen, Joop D. Lefrandt, Flora E. van Leeuwen, Janine Nuver, Michael Schaapveld, Jourik A. Gietema
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2023)

Testicular cancer (TC) treatment is clearly associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. To enable development of preventive strategies for cardiovascular disease (CVD), we assessed cardiometabolic risk factors and quality of life (QoL) in TC survivors.Incidence of coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, and heart failure after TC treatment was assessed in a multicenter cohort comprising 4,748 patients treated at the age of 12-50 years between 1976 and 2007. Patients who had developed CVD and a random sample from the cohort (subcohort) received a questionnaire on cardiometabolic risk factors and QoL. A subgroup of responders in the subcohort additionally underwent clinical evaluation of cardiovascular risk factors.After a median follow-up of 16 years, 272 patients had developed CVD. Compared with orchidectomy only, cisplatin combination chemotherapy was associated with an increased CVD risk (hazard ratio [HR], 1.9; 95% CI, 1.1 to 3.1). Patients who were obese or a smoker at diagnosis (HR, 4.6; 95% CI, 2.0 to 10.0 and HR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.1 to 2.4, respectively), developed Raynaud's phenomenon (HR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.1 to 3.6) or dyslipidemia (HR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.6 to 4.7) or had a positive family history for CVD (HR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.7 to 4.9) had higher CVD risk. More TC survivors with CVD reported inferior QoL on physical domains than survivors who did not develop CVD. Of 304 TC survivors who underwent clinical evaluation for cardiovascular risk factors (median age at assessment: 51 years), 86% had dyslipidemia, 50% had hypertension, and 35% had metabolic syndrome, irrespective of treatment.Cardiovascular events in TC survivors impair QoL. Many TC survivors have undetected cardiovascular risk factors. We advocate early lifestyle adjustments and lifelong follow-up with low-threshold treatment of cardiovascular risk factors, especially in obese and smoking patients treated with platinum-based chemotherapy.
Reply to Binghao Zhao, Hao Xing, and Wenbin Ma’s Letter to the Editor re: Matthew S. Ernst, Vishal Navani, J. Connor Wells, et al. Outcomes for International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium Prognostic Groups in Contemporary First-line Combination Therapies for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma. Eur Urol. 2023;84:109–116
Authors: Matthew S. Ernst, Daniel Y.C. Heng
Journal: European Urology (2023)
Buruli ulcer: application of thermography for remote diagnosis of a neglected tropical disease
Authors: Rie R Yotsu, Bamba Vagamon, Diabate  Almamy, N’guessan Aka, Luc Kowaci Gontran Yeboue, Aubin Yao, Ronald E Blanton
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2023)

We here report a proof of concept of using thermography for teledermatology practice for skin of colour using an example of an early case of Buruli ulcer – a neglected tropical disease that mainly affects people living in remote communities of Africa. In the presented case, the full extent of the lesion and lymphangitis were further and more precisely detected by thermography than even with the naked eye. Redness, an important sign of inflammation, can be masked in individuals with skin of colour. If thermal images can be transmitted to remote dermatologists in addition to regular photographs in the practice of teledermatology, this may improve diagnostic and prognostic accuracy, especially for this neglected population.
Complicated scarring following mpox infection
Authors: Chloé Bertin, Hassan Tarhini, Mayda Rahi, Laurène Deconinck, Ségolène Perrineau, Marie Merlant, Jade Ghosn, Nathan Peiffer-Smadja
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2023)

We describe two patterns of complicated scarring following mpox lesions. The first was hypertrophic scarring of facial lesions in two patients and the second was a scarring folliculitis on peribuccal lesions in two patients. The combination of deep dermic inflammation, local superinfection and scratching may have led to these aesthetic complications.
Single-Agent PD-1 Blockade Is “Treatment of Choice” for Desmoplastic Melanoma
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2023)

Data from the phase II S1512 trial indicate that patients with inoperable metastatic desmoplastic melanoma are highly responsive to first-line pembrolizumab. As such, anti-PD-1 monotherapy, rather than current combinations such as nivolumab-relatlimab, should be considered for these patients.
Ibrutinib Is Associated With Increased Cardiovascular Events and Major Bleeding in Older CLL Patients
Authors: Akiva Diamond, Wyatt P. Bensken, Long Vu, Weichuan Dong, Siran M. Koroukian, Paolo Caimi
Journal: JACC CardioOncology (2023)

Early ibrutinib trials showed an association between ibrutinib use and risk of bleeding and atrial fibrillation (AF) in younger chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients. Little is known about these adverse events in older CLL patients and whether increased AF rates are associated with increased stroke risk.To compare the incidence of stroke, AF, myocardial infarction, and bleeding in CLL patients treated with ibrutinib with those who were treated without ibrutinib in a linked SEER-Medicare database.The incidence rate of each adverse event for treated and untreated patients was calculated. Among those treated, inverse probability weighted Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate HRs and 95% CIs for the association between ibrutinib treatment and each adverse event.Among 4,958 CLL patients, 50% were treated without ibrutinib and 6% received ibrutinib. The median age at first treatment was 77 (IQR: 73-83) years. Compared with those treated without ibrutinib, those treated with ibrutinib had a 1.91-fold increased risk of stroke (95% CI: 1.06-3.45), 3.65-fold increased risk of AF (95% CI: 2.42-5.49), a 4.92-fold increased risk of bleeding (95% CI: 3.46-7.01) and a 7.49-fold increased risk of major bleeding (95% CI: 4.32-12.99).In patients a decade older than those in the initial clinical trials, treatment with ibrutinib was associated with an increased risk of stroke, AF, and bleeding. The risk of major bleeding is higher than previously reported and underscores the importance of surveillance registries to identify new safety signals.
Cancer Treatment-Related Cardiovascular Toxicity in Gynecologic Malignancies
Authors: Susmita Parashar, Nausheen Akhter, Elisavet Paplomata, Islam Y. Elgendy, Deepa Upadhyaya, Marielle Scherrer-Crosbie, Tochukwu M. Okwuosa, Rupa M. Sanghani, Eva Chalas, Kathryn J. Lindley, Susan Dent
Journal: JACC CardioOncology (2023)

Improvements in early detection and treatment of gynecologic malignancies have led to an increasing number of survivors who are at risk of long-term cardiac complications from cancer treatment. Multimodality therapies for gynecologic malignancies, including conventional chemotherapy, targeted therapeutics, and hormonal agents, place patients at risk of cancer therapy-related cardiovascular toxicity during and following treatment. Although the cardiotoxicity associated with some female predominant cancers (eg, breast cancer) have been well recognized, there has been less recognition of the potential adverse cardiovascular effects of anticancer therapies used to treat gynecologic malignancies. In this review, the authors provide a comprehensive overview of the cancer therapeutic agents used in gynecologic malignancies, associated cardiovascular toxicities, risk factors for cardiotoxicity, cardiac imaging, and prevention strategies.
Evaluation of inherited cancer syndromes with emphasis on Fanconi anemia classified as oral potentially malignant disorders
Authors: Wei Liu, Shuyun Ge, Huan Shi, Xuemin Shen
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

aDepartment of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China bCollege of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China cDepartment of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article. Published online ■ ■ *Corresponding author. Address: Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200011, China. Tel.: +86 21 63162851; fax: +86 21 63087076. E-mail address: [email protected] (S. Ge). *Corresponding author. Address: Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200011, China. Tel.: +86 21 63162851; fax: +86 21 63087076. E-mail address: [email protected] (X. Shen). *Corresponding author. Address: Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200011, China. Tel.: +86 21 23271699; fax: +86 21 63087052. E-mail address: [email protected] (H. Shi). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial License 4.0 (CCBY-NC), where it is permissible to download, share, remix, transform, and buildup the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be used commercially without permission from the journal. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Dynamic covalent nano-networks comprising antibiotics and polyphenols orchestrate bacterial drug resistance reversal and inflammation alleviation
Authors: Yuanfeng Li, Yin-Zi Piao, Hua Chen, Keqing Shi, Juqin Dai, Siran Wang, Tieli Zhou, Anh-Tuan Le, Yaran Wang, Fan Wu, Rujiang Ma, Linqi Shi, Yong Liu
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2023)

New antimicrobial strategies are urgently needed to meet the challenges posed by the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria and bacterial biofilms. This work reports the facile synthesis of antimicrobial dynamic covalent nano-networks (aDCNs) composing antibiotics bearing multiple primary amines, polyphenols, and a cross-linker acylphenylboronic acid. Mechanistically, the iminoboronate bond drives the formation of aDCNs, facilitates their stability, and renders them highly responsive to stimuli, such as low pH and high H2O2 levels. Besides, the representative A1B1C1 networks, composed of polymyxin B1(A1), 2-formylphenylboronic acid (B1), and quercetin (C1), inhibit biofilm formation of drug-resistant Escherichia coli, eliminate the mature biofilms, alleviate macrophage inflammation, and minimize the side effects of free polymyxins. Excellent bacterial eradication and inflammation amelioration efficiency of A1B1C1 networks are also observed in a peritoneal infection model. The facile synthesis, excellent antimicrobial performance, and biocompatibility of these aDCNs potentiate them as a much-needed alternative in current antimicrobial pipelines.
Low-field magnetic resonance image enhancement via stochastic image quality transfer
Authors: Hongxiang Lin, Matteo Figini, Felice D’Arco, Godwin Ogbole, Ryutaro Tanno, Stefano B. Blumberg, Lisa Ronan, Biobele J. Brown, David W. Carmichael, Ikeoluwa Lagunju, Judith Helen Cross, Delmiro Fernandez-Reyes, Daniel C. Alexander
Journal: Medical Image Analysis (2023)
Post-cholecystectomy major bile duct injury: ideal time to repair based on a multicentre randomized controlled trial with promising results
Authors: Mohammed A. Omar, Ayman Kamal, Alaa A. Redwan, Marwa N. Alansary, Emad Ali Ahmed
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

Bile duct injury (BDI) is one of the serious complications of cholecystectomy procedures, which has a disastrous impact on long-term survival, health-related quality of life (QoL), healthcare costs as well as high rates of litigation. The standard treatment of major BDI is hepaticojejunostomy (HJ). Surgical outcomes depend on many factors, including the severity of the injury, the surgeons' experiences, the patient's condition, and the reconstruction time. The authors aimed to assess the impact of reconstruction time and abdominal sepsis control on the reconstruction success rate.This is a multicenter, multi-arm, parallel-group, randomized trial that included all consecutive patients treated with HJ for major post-cholecystectomy BDI from February 2014 to January 2022. Patients were randomized according to the time of reconstruction by HJ and abdominal sepsis control into group A (early reconstruction without sepsis control), group B (early reconstruction with sepsis control), and group C (delayed reconstruction). The primary outcome was successful reconstruction rate, while blood loss, HJ diameter, operative time, drainage amount, drain and stent duration, postoperative liver function tests, morbidity and mortality, number of admissions and interventions, hospital stay, total cost, and patient QoL were considered secondary outcomes.Three hundred twenty one patients from three centres were randomized into three groups. Forty-four patients were excluded from the analysis, leaving 277 patients for intention to treat analysis. With univariate analysis, older age, male gender, laparoscopic cholecystectomy, conversion to open cholecystectomy, failure of intraoperative BDI recognition, Strasberg E4 classification, uncontrolled abdominal sepsis, secondary repair, end-to-side anastomosis, diameter of HJ (< 8 mm), non-stented anastomosis, and major complications were risk factors for successful reconstruction. With multivariate analysis, conversion to open cholecystectomy, uncontrolled sepsis, secondary repair, the small diameter of HJ, and non-stented anastomosis were the independent risk factors for the successful reconstruction. Also, group B patients showed decreased admission and intervention rates, decreased hospital stay, decreased total cost, and early improved patient QoL.Early reconstruction after abdominal sepsis control can be done safely at any time with comparable results for delayed reconstruction in addition to decreased total cost and improved patient QoL.
A commentary on ‘Intraductal papillary neoplasms of the bile duct: a European retrospective multicenter observational study (EUR-IPNB Study)’
Authors: Xingru Wang, Jianwei Li
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

aDepartment of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qujing Second People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Qujing, China bDepartment of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article. Published online ■ ■ *Corresponding author. Address: Southwest Hospital, China, Tel: +8613883997582, E-mail: [email protected] (J. Li). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/