tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Trends of Elevated Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, Awareness, and Screening Among Young Adults in the US, 2003-2020
Authors: Yiyi Zhang, Jaejin An, Kristi Reynolds, Monika M. Safford, Paul Muntner, Andrew E. Moran
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2022)

This survey study characterizes the distribution and trend of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and the prevalence of screening and awareness of high cholesterol among US young adults.
Firearm Injury—When Minutes Really Matter in the Field
Authors: Joshua B. Brown
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2022)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Accuracy of 2 Rapid Antigen Tests During 3 Phases of SARS-CoV-2 Variants
Authors: Paul K. Drain, Meagan Bemer, Jennifer F. Morton, Ronit Dalmat, Hussein Abdille, Katherine K. Thomas, Timsy K. Uppal, Derrick Hau, Heather R. Green, Marcellene A. Gates-Hollingsworth, David P. AuCoin, Subhash C. Verma
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2022)

Importance Variants of SARS-CoV-2 have sequence variations in the viral genome that may alter the accuracy of rapid diagnostic tests. Objective To assess the analytical and clinical accuracy of 2 rapid diagnostic tests for detecting SARS-CoV-2 during 3 phases of variants. Design, Setting, and Participants This diagnostic study included participants aged 18 years or older who reported onset of COVID-19–like symptoms within the prior 5 days and were tested at multiple COVID-19 testing locations in King County, Washington, from February 17, 2021, to January 11, 2022, during 3 distinct phases of SARS-CoV-2 infection (pre-Delta, Delta, and Omicron). Interventions Two anterior nasal swab specimens were collected from each participant—1 for onsite testing by the SCoV-2 Ag Detect Rapid Self-Test and 1 for reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing. Main Outcomes and Measures The analytical limit of detection of the 2 rapid diagnostic tests (SCoV-2 Ag Detect Rapid Self-Test and BinaxNOW COVID-19 Ag Card) was assessed using Omicron (B.1.1.529/BA.1), Delta (B.1.617.2), and a wild-type (USA-WA1/2020) variant. Diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of clinical testing for the rapid antigen tests were compared with that of RT-PCR testing. Results A total of 802 participants were enrolled (mean [SD] age, 37.3 [13.3] years; 467 [58.2%] female), 424 (52.9%) of whom had not received COVID-19 vaccination and presented a median of 2 days (IQR, 1-3 days) from symptom onset. Overall, no significant differences were found in the analytical limit of detection or clinical diagnostic accuracy of rapid antigen testing across SARS-CoV-2 variants. The estimated limit of detection for both rapid nucleocapsid antigen tests was at or below a 50% tissue culture infectious dose of 62.5, and the positive percent agreement of the SCoV-2 Ag Detect Rapid Self-Test ranged from 81.2% (95% CI, 69.5%-89.9%) to 90.7% (95% CI, 77.9%-97.4%) across the 3 phases of variants. The diagnostic sensitivity increased for nasal swabs with a lower cycle threshold by RT-PCR, which correlates with a higher viral load. Conclusions and Relevance In this diagnostic study, analytical and clinical performance data demonstrated accuracy of 2 rapid antigen tests among adults with COVID-19 symptoms across 3 phases of SARS-CoV-2 variants. The findings suggest that home-based rapid antigen testing programs may be an important intervention to reduce global SARS-CoV-2 transmission.
Association of Risk of Incident Venous Thromboembolism With Atopic Dermatitis and Treatment With Janus Kinase Inhibitors
Authors: Tai-Li Chen, Ling-Ling Lee, Huei-Kai Huang, Li-Yu Chen, Ching-Hui Loh, Ching-Chi Chi
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2022)

The risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) among patients with atopic dermatitis (AD), especially when receiving treatment with Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, is unclear.To determine the association of AD with incident VTE and evaluate the risk of incident VTE among patients with AD who were receiving treatment with JAK inhibitors.The MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were searched with no restrictions on language nor geographic locations from their respective inception to February 5, 2022.Cohort studies examining the association of AD with incident VTE and randomized clinical trials (RCTs) reporting VTE events in participants with AD receiving JAK inhibitors were included. Around 0.7% of initially identified articles met the selection criteria.The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline was followed. The risk of bias of included cohort studies and RCTs was assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool 2, respectively. A random-effects model meta-analysis was conducted to calculate the pooled hazard ratio (HR) and risk difference for incident VTE.The HRs for incident VTE associated with AD and risk difference for incident VTE between participants with AD who were receiving treatment with JAK inhibitors and controls receiving placebo or dupilumab.Two cohort studies and 15 RCTs with a total of 466 993 participants were included. The meta-analysis found no significant association of AD with incident VTE (HR, 0.95; 95% CI 0.62-1.45; incidence rate of VTE, 0.23 events/100 patient-years). Overall, 3 of 5722 patients with AD (0.05%) who were receiving treatment with JAK inhibitors experienced VTE compared with 1 of 3065 patients with AD (0.03%) receiving placebo or dupilumab (Mantel-Haenszel risk difference, 0; 95% CI, 0-0). The incidence rate of VTE was 0.15 and 0.12 events per 100 patient-years in participants with AD receiving JAK inhibitors and placebo, respectively. The findings were similar in 4 unique JAK inhibitors (abrocitinib, baricitinib, upadacitinib, and SHR0302).The results of this systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that the currently available evidence does not detect an increased risk of VTE associated with AD or treatment with JAK inhibitors. These findings may provide a reference for clinicians in prescribing JAK inhibitors for patients with AD.
Association Between Geospatial Access to Care and Firearm Injury Mortality in Philadelphia
Authors: James P. Byrne, Elinore Kaufman, Dane Scantling, Vicky Tam, Niels Martin, Shariq Raza, Jeremy W. Cannon, C. William Schwab, Patrick M. Reilly, Mark J. Seamon
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2022)

The burden of firearm violence in US cities continues to rise. The role of access to trauma center care as a trauma system measure with implications for firearm injury mortality has not been comprehensively evaluated.To evaluate the association between geospatial access to care and firearm injury mortality in an urban trauma system.Retrospective cohort study of all people 15 years and older shot due to interpersonal violence in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, between January 1, 2015, and August 9, 2021.Geospatial access to care, defined as the predicted ground transport time to the nearest trauma center for each person shot, derived by geospatial network analysis.Risk-adjusted mortality estimated using hierarchical logistic regression. The population attributable fraction was used to estimate the proportion of fatalities attributable to disparities in geospatial access to care.During the study period, 10 105 people (910 [9%] female and 9195 [91%] male; median [IQR] age, 26 [21-28] years; 8441 [84%] Black, 1596 [16%] White, and 68 other [<1%], including Asian and unknown, consolidated owing to small numbers) were shot due to interpersonal violence in Philadelphia. Of these, 1999 (20%) died. The median (IQR) predicted transport time was 5.6 (3.8-7.2) minutes. After risk adjustment, each additional minute of predicted ground transport time was associated with an increase in odds of mortality (odds ratio [OR], 1.03 per minute; 95% CI, 1.01-1.05). Calculation of the population attributable fraction using mortality rate ratios for incremental 1-minute increases in predicted ground transport time estimated that 23% of shooting fatalities could be attributed to differences in access to care, equivalent to 455 deaths over the study period.These findings indicate that geospatial access to care may be an important trauma system measure, improvements to which may result in reduced deaths from gun violence in US cities.
Missed Opportunities and Health Disparities for Advance Care Planning Before Elective Surgery in Older Adults
Authors: Alexis Colley, Joseph A. Lin, Logan Pierce, Emily Finlayson, Rebecca L. Sudore, Elizabeth Wick
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2022)

Advance care planning (ACP) prepares patients and caregivers for medical decision-making, yet it is underused in the perioperative surgical setting, particularly among older adults undergoing high-risk procedures who are at risk for postoperative complications. It is unknown what patient factors are associated with perioperative ACP documentation among older surgical patients.To assess ACP documentation among high-risk patients 65 years and older undergoing elective surgery.In this observational cohort study including 3671 patients 65 years and older undergoing elective surgery at a tertiary academic center in California, electronic health record data were linked to the National Surgical Quality Improvement Project outcomes data and the California statewide death registry. The study was conducted from January 1 to December 31, 2019. Data were analyzed from January to May 2022.Elective surgery requiring an inpatient admission.ACP documentation, defined as a discussion regarding goals of care documented in an ACP note, an advance directive, or a physician order for life-sustaining treatment (POLST) form, within 90 days before elective surgery requiring inpatient admission. Multivariate regression was performed to identify factors associated with missing ACP.Among 3671 patients (median [IQR] age 72 [65-94] years; 1784 [48.6%] female; 401 [10.9%] Asian, 155 [4.2%] Black, 284 [7.7%] Latino/Latina, 2647 [72.1%] White, and 184 [5.0%] of other races or ethnicities, including American Indian or Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, multiple races or ethnicities, other, and unknown or declined to respond, combined owing to small numbers), 539 (14.7%) had ACP documentation in the 90-day presurgery window. Of these 539, 448 (83.1%) had advance directives, and 60 (11.1%) had POLST forms. The 30-day and 1-year mortality were 0.7% (n = 27) and 6.6% (n = 244), respectively. Missing ACP was significantly associated with male sex (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.39; 95% CI, 1.14-1.69) and having a non-English preferred language (aOR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.18-2.79). Medicare insurance was significantly associated with having ACP (aOR for missing ACP, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.40-0.95).In this study, perioperative ACP was uncommon, particularly in men, individuals with a non-English preferred language, and those without Medicare insurance coverage. The perioperative setting may represent a missed opportunity for ACP for older surgical patients. When addressing ACP for surgical patients, particular attention should be paid to overcoming language-related disparities.
Bevacizumab May Differentially Improve Prognosis of Advanced Ovarian Cancer Patients with Low Expression of VEGF-A165b, an Antiangiogenic VEGF-A Splice Variant
Authors: Pauline Wimberger, Mara Julia Gerber, Jacobus Pfisterer, Kati Erdmann, Susanne Füssel, Theresa Link, Andreas du Bois, Stefan Kommoss, Florian Heitz, Jalid Sehouli, Rainer Kimmig, Nikolaus de Gregorio, Barbara Schmalfeldt, Tjoung-Won Park-Simon, Klaus Baumann, Felix Hilpert, Marcel Grube, Willibald Schröder, Alexander Burges, Antje Belau, Lars Hanker, Jan Dominik Kuhlmann
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2022)

Abstract Purpose: The identification of a robust IHC marker to predict the response to antiangiogenic bevacizumab in ovarian cancer is of high clinical interest. VEGF-A, the molecular target of bevacizumab, is expressed as multiple isoforms with pro- or antiangiogenic properties, of which VEGF-A165b is the most dominant antiangiogenic isoform. The balance of VEGF-A isoforms is closely related to the angiogenic capacity of a tumor and may define its vulnerability to antiangiogenic therapy. We investigated whether the expression of VEGF-A165b could be related to the effect of bevacizumab in advanced ovarian cancer patients. Experimental Design: Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues from 413 patients of the ICON7 multicenter phase III trial, treated with standard platinum-based chemotherapy with or without bevacizumab, were probed for VEGF-A165b expression by IHC. Results: In patients with low VEGF-A165b expression, the addition of bevacizumab to standard platinum-based chemotherapy significantly improved progression-free (HR: 0.727; 95% CI, 0.538–0.984; P = 0.039) and overall survival (HR: 0.662; 95% CI, 0.458–0.958; P = 0.029). Multivariate analysis showed that the addition of bevacizumab in low VEGF-A165b–expressing patients conferred significant improvements in progression-free survival (HR: 0.610; 95% CI, 0.446–0.834; P = 0.002) and overall survival (HR: 0.527; 95% CI, 0.359–0.775; P = 0.001), independently from established risk factors. Conclusions: We demonstrate for the first time that bevacizumab may differentially improve the prognosis of advanced ovarian cancer patients with low expression of VEGF-A165b, an antiangiogenic VEGF-A splice variant. We envision that this novel biomarker could be implemented into routine diagnostics and may have direct clinical implications for guiding bevacizumab-related treatment decisions in advanced ovarian cancer patients.
Type 1 and type 2 psoriasis revisited: No association between age at onset and disease course
Authors: Axel Svedbom, Mona Ståhle
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2022)

To the Editor: Nonpustular psoriasis may have 2 distinct forms: early-onset disease (<40 years), characterized by high prevalence of family history, HLAcw6-positive genotype, and severe clinical course, and late-onset disease (>40 years), characterized by low prevalence of family history, HLAcw6-negative genotype, and mild clinical course.1 This dichotomy was originally found in an investigation based on hospitalized patients only, limiting generalizability. Subsequent publications have broadened the target population but still enrolled patients from dermatology clinics or patient organization.
Intracoronary stenting and angiographic results: strut thickness effect on restenosis outcome (ISAR-STEREO-2) trial
Authors: J.ürgen Pache, Adnan Kastrati, Julinda Mehilli, Helmut Schühlen, Franz Dotzer, J.örg Hausleiter, Martin Fleckenstein, Franz-Josef Neumann, Ulrich Sattelberger, Claus Schmitt, Martina Müller, Josef Dirschinger, Albert Schömig
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Aerobic glycolysis promotes tumor immune evasion by hexokinase2-mediated phosphorylation of IκBα
Authors: Dong Guo, Yingying Tong, Xiaoming Jiang, Ying Meng, Hongfei Jiang, Linyong Du, Qingang Wu, Shan Li, Shudi Luo, Min Li, Liwei Xiao, Haiyan He, Xuxiao He, Qiujing Yu, Jing Fang, Zhimin Lu
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2022)
Proteogenomic Markers of Chemotherapy Resistance and Response in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Meenakshi Anurag, Eric J. Jaehnig, Karsten Krug, Jonathan T. Lei, Erik J. Bergstrom, Beom-Jun Kim, Tanmayi D. Vashist, Anh Minh Tran Huynh, Yongchao Dou, Xuxu Gou, Chen Huang, Zhiao Shi, Bo Wen, Viktoriya Korchina, Richard A. Gibbs, Donna M. Muzny, Harshavardhan Doddapaneni, Lacey E. Dobrolecki, Henry Rodriguez, Ana I. Robles, Tara Hiltke, Michael T. Lewis, Julie R. Nangia, Maryam Nemati Shafaee, Shunqiang Li, Ian S. Hagemann, Jeremy Hoog, Bora Lim, C. Kent Osborne, D.R. Mani, Michael A. Gillette, Bing Zhang, Gloria V. Echeverria, George Miles, Mothaffar F. Rimawi, Steven A. Carr, Foluso O. Ademuyiwa, Shankha Satpathy, Matthew J. Ellis
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2022)

Abstract Microscaled proteogenomics was deployed to probe the molecular basis for differential response to neoadjuvant carboplatin and docetaxel combination chemotherapy for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Proteomic analyses of pretreatment patient biopsies uniquely revealed metabolic pathways, including oxidative phosphorylation, adipogenesis, and fatty acid metabolism, that were associated with resistance. Both proteomics and transcriptomics revealed that sensitivity was marked by elevation of DNA repair, E2F targets, G2–M checkpoint, interferon-gamma signaling, and immune-checkpoint components. Proteogenomic analyses of somatic copy-number aberrations identified a resistance-associated 19q13.31–33 deletion where LIG1, POLD1, and XRCC1 are located. In orthogonal datasets, LIG1 (DNA ligase I) gene deletion and/or low mRNA expression levels were associated with lack of pathologic complete response, higher chromosomal instability index (CIN), and poor prognosis in TNBC, as well as carboplatin-selective resistance in TNBC preclinical models. Hemizygous loss of LIG1 was also associated with higher CIN and poor prognosis in other cancer types, demonstrating broader clinical implications. Significance: Proteogenomic analysis of triple-negative breast tumors revealed a complex landscape of chemotherapy response associations, including a 19q13.31–33 somatic deletion encoding genes serving lagging-strand DNA synthesis (LIG1, POLD1, and XRCC1), that correlate with lack of pathologic response, carboplatin-selective resistance, and, in pan-cancer studies, poor prognosis and CIN. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 2483
Radiation doses and fractionation schedules in non-low-risk ductal carcinoma in situ in the breast (BIG 3–07/TROG 07.01): a randomised, factorial, multicentre, open-label, phase 3 study
Authors: Boon H Chua, Emma K Link, Ian H Kunkler, Timothy J Whelan, A Helen Westenberg, Guenther Gruber, Guy Bryant, Verity Ahern, Kash Purohit, Peter H Graham, Mohamed Akra, Orla McArdle, Peter O'Brien, Jennifer A Harvey, Carine Kirkove, John H Maduro, Ian D Campbell, Geoff P Delaney, Joseph D Martin, T Trinh T Vu, Thierry M Muanza, Anthony Neal, Ivo A Olivotto
Journal: The Lancet (2022)
A Laboratory Course in Bacteriology. For the Use of Medical, Agricultural, and Industrial Students.
Authors: John Keating, Wm By, W Keen
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 4188: The Assessment of Acute Injuries and Chronic Intimal Thickening of the Radial Artery After Transradial Intervention by Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Taishi Yonetsu, Tsunekazu Kakuta, Tetsumin Lee, Kei Takayama, Ken Kakita, Kentaro Takahashi, Ginga Yamamoto
Journal: Circulation (2009)
Cover Image, Volume 42, Issue 8
Authors: Hong‐Yong Cui, Wei Wei, Mei‐Rui Qian, Ruo‐Fei Tian, Xin Fu, Hong‐Wei Li, Gang Nan, Ting Yang, Peng Lin, Xi Chen, Yu‐Meng Zhu, Bin Wang, Xiu‐Xuan Sun, Jian‐Hua Dou, Jian‐Li Jiang, Ling Li, Shi‐Jie Wang, Zhi‐Nan Chen
Journal: Cancer Communications (2022)

The cover image is based on the Research Article PDGFA-associated protein 1 is a novel target of c-Myc and contributes to colorectal cancer initiation and progression by Hong-Yong Cui et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/cac2.12322.
Cover Image, Volume 42, Issue 8
Authors: Yuming Ding, Chaojia Chen, Shuaiya Ma, Xue Sheng, Fangcheng Zhao, Jiali Peng, Haoqing Dong, Chunhong Ma, Chunyang Li
Journal: Cancer Communications (2022)

The cover image is based on the Correspondence Intrinsic PD-L1 promotes antitumor activity of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes via in cis interaction with CD80 by Yuming Ding et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/cac2.12337.
Effectiveness of a childhood obesity prevention programme delivered through schools, targeting 6 and 7 year olds: cluster randomised controlled trial (WAVES study)
Authors: Cristina Cleghorn, Meagan Christian, Jayne Hutchinson, Holly Rippin, Catherine Ulf Ekelund, Soren Brage, Kate Westgate, Stefanie Hollidge
Journal: BMJ (2018)

Effectiveness of a childhood obesity prevention programme delivered through schools, targeting 6 and 7 year olds: cluster randomised controlled trial (WAVES study)