tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
VEGETARIANISM.
Journal: JAMA (1891)

Numerous experiments have shown that a diet limited to certain articles of food is sure to result in the production of pathological lesions, the result of the malnutrition. These lesions show themselves early or late, according to the foods abstained from, and are tolerably characteristic for some foods or classes of foods. It is to be regretted that our observations have not been sufficiently extensive or definite to foretell accurately what particular symptoms will follow a particular starvation. It is well established that cattle deprived of common salt develop rough, shaggy coats, and later the hair drops out in spots; also that vegetable acid starvation results in scorbutus. The valuable observations ofSalisbury, made some years ago, have not yet met, at the hands of the profession, with the recognition that they deserve. A note byDr. Alanus, which has been going the rounds of the journals, has revived an
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: C. SWANSON
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

Journal Article BOOK REVIEWS Get access Diet, Life-Style, and Mortality in China: A Study of the Characteristics of 65 Chinese counties . Chen Junshi , T. Colin Campbell , Lij Junyao , Richard Peto , eds, Ithaca, N.Y. : Cornell University Press , 1990 , 894 pp. $172.50. CHRISTINE SWANSON CHRISTINE SWANSON Biostatistics Branch, Division of Cancer Etiology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthExecutive Plaza North, Rm. 431, Rockville, MD 20892 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 83, Issue 18, 18 September 1991, Pages 1340–1341, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/83.18.1340-a Published: 18 September 1991
Spinal prothesis patient dies; new therapies spurred
Authors: J. Elliott
Journal: JAMA (1980)

The University of Maryland patient who received the first known spinal prosthesis from Maryland surgeon Charles C. Edwards, MD (<i>JAMA</i>[MEDICAL NEWS] 242:1831-1837, 1979) is dead as a result of a severe kidney infection and subsequent meningitis and septic shock. The patient, a 33-year-old mother of two, had a history of kidney difficulties. She had been at home for more than a month when a<i>Pseudomonas</i>infection occurred, forcing rehospitalization. According to University of Maryland hospital officials, at the time of her death the patient remained free of any recurrence of the giant cell spinal tumor, the removal of which had necessitated Edwards' pioneering procedure. By all accounts the custommade spinal prosthesis was a success, giving the patient steadily improving mobility. "Her courage opened new avenues of surgical treatment to other patients," says Edwards. One avenue was immediately evident in the referral of a 30-year-old Illinois man to Edwards last
Detection of neonatal sepsis of late onset
Authors: A. G. Philip
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Five tests have been used in combination to diagnose neonatal sepsis. This study describes their use in 56 infants evaluated between 8 and 60 days of age, who had nonspecific signs of infection at presentation, as well as further evidence in 524 infants evaluated in the first week after birth. When two or more of the five tests had abnormal results (leukocyte count &lt;5,000/cu mm; immature/total neutrophils ≥0.2; ESR ≥15 mm/hr; latex C-reactive protein, positive; and latex haptoglobin, positive), a "sepsis screen" was considered positive. A positive screen was found in 23 infants, ten of whom had proved sepsis, and only two had no evidence of infection. With the addition of a leukocyte count greater than 20,000/cu mm, the remaining two cases of sepsis would have been detected. In those with a negative screen (n = 33), 26 had no evidence of infection. The sepsis screen seems to be a useful adjunct in the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis during and beyond the first week. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;247:489-492)
Abstract 13252: High-sensitivity Troponin T is a Useful Biomarker of Hemodynamics Response After Balloon Pulmonary Angioplasty in Patients With Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Mai Kimura, Takashi Kohno, Takashi Kawakami, Taku Inohara, Makoto Takei, Toshimitsu Tsugu, Masaharu Kataoka, Mitsushige Murata, Yuichiro Maekawa, Keiichi Fukuda
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) improves hemodynamics in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). Cardiac troponin is a marker of ongoing myocardial damage, and reflects hemodynamics in patients with left-heart failure. However, the clinical significance of cardiac troponin in CTEPH patients treated with BPA was unknown. We hypothesized that cardiac troponin is a surrogate marker of hemodynamic response in CTEPH patients who underwent BPA. Methods and Results: We analyzed 63 consecutive CTEPH patients who underwent BPA procedures, and measured high-sensitivity troponin T (hsTnT) level using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay before and after BPA from November 2012 to May 2015 (age; 62.8±14.3 years, female; n=41, number of target vessels per patient; 13.3±2.4, total sessions per patient; 5.9±1.9). Elevation of baseline hsTnT was associated with older age (p&lt;0.05). Patients with baseline hsTnT level &gt; median value (0.012 ng/ml) was associated with higher right atrium pressure (7.5±3.8 vs 5.9±2.2 mmHg, p&lt;0.05), mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP; 41.4±11.0 vs 34.9±9.6 mmHg, p&lt;0.05), pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR; 926.7±663.3 vs 731.1±931.8 dynes•sec•cm-5, p&lt;0.05) and lower pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (8.2±2.9 vs 10.4±4.9 mmHg, p&lt;0.05) and six-minute walk distance (265.9±98.9 vs 342.0±80.9 m, p&lt;0.05), but not associated with cardiac output. BPA improved mPAP (from 38.1±10.7 to 21.1±5.6 mmHg, p&lt;0.05) and PVR (from 823.6±828.2 to 292.8±129.6 dynes•sec•cm-5, p&lt;0.05). HsTnT significantly decreased after BPA (from 0.015±0.012 to 0.012±0.009 ng/mL; p&lt;0.05). Based on change of HsTnT after BPA, we divided the patients into two groups: HsTnT-decrease group (n=34) and HsTnT-increase or stable group (n=29). HsTnT-decrease group showed greater decreases in mPAP and PVR (delta mPAP 20.1±10.3 vs 13.3±11.3 mmHg, p&lt;0.05, delta PVR 686.4±982.6 vs 352.3±452.5 dynes•sec•cm-5, p&lt;0.05) after BPA. Conclusions: HsTnT level is a useful biomarker of hemodynamics severity, and change of hsTnT reflected improvement of hemodynamics in CTEPH patients who underwent BPA. Serial measurements of hsTnT could be a less-invasive and useful strategy to monitor therapeutic impact of BPA.
Retroviral-Mediated Gene Transfer of the Leukocyte Integrin CD18 Into Peripheral Blood CD34+ Cells Derived From a Patient With Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency Type 1
Authors: Thomas R. Bauer, Barbara R. Schwartz, W. Conrad Liles, Hans D. Ochs, Dennis D. Hickstein
Journal: Blood (1998)

Leukocyte adhesion deficiency or LAD is a congenital immunodeficiency disease characterized by recurrent bacterial infections in which the leukocytes from affected children fail to adhere to endothelial cells and migrate to the site of infection due to heterogeneous defects in the leukocyte integrin CD18 subunit. To assess the feasibility of human gene therapy of LAD, we transduced granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-mobilized, CD34+peripheral blood stem cells derived from a patient with the severe form of LAD using supernatant from the retroviral vector PG13/LgCD18. The highest transduction frequencies (31%) were found after exposure of the cells to retroviral vector on a substrate of recombinant fibronectin fragment CH-296 in the presence of growth factors interleukin-3 (IL-3), IL-6, and stem cell factor. When the phenotype of the transduced cells was monitored by fluorescence-activated cell sorting following in vitro differentiation with growth factors G-CSF and granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF), CD11a surface expression was detected immediately after transduction. CD11b and CD11c were expressed at low levels immediately following transduction, but increased over 3 weeks in culture. Adhesion of the transduced cells was nearly double that of nontransduced cells in a cell adhesion assay using human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Transduced cells also demonstrated the ability to undergo a respiratory burst in response to opsonized zymosan, a CD11/CD18-dependent ligand. These experiments show that retrovirus-mediated gene transfer of the CD18 subunit complements the defect in LAD CD34+ cells resulting in CD11/CD18 surface expression, and that the differentiated myelomonocytic cells derived from the transduced LAD CD34+ cells display CD11/CD18-mediated adhesion function. These results indicate that ex vivo gene transfer of CD18 into LAD CD34+ cells, followed by re-infusion of the transduced cells, may represent a therapeutic approach to LAD.
For "Science," Read "Conscience."
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hormones and Dietary Fat as Promoters in Mammary Carcinogenesis
Authors: Thomas L. Dao, Po-Chuen Chan
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

Hormones, particularly ovarian steroids and pituitary prolactin, promote mammary carcinogenesis in rats treated with a carcinogen. Hormones also play a critical role during the initiation process as demonstrated by mammary carcinogenesis in ovariectomized rats. A diet high in fat content, especially polyunsaturated fat, promotes mammary tumorigenesis when it is fed to carcinogen-treated rats for a prolonged period of time. Although a high fat diet is not essential for neoplastic transformation of the mammary cells, its effect on initiation is demonstrated when it is fed to rats for a long duration. Thus, both hormones and high dietary fat play a dual function in mammary carcinogenesis. There are indications that dietary fat may modulate endocrine activities, but a relationship between dietary fat and endocrine function remains to be conclusively demonstrated.
Abstract 18091: Growth and Puberty in Fontan Survivors (GAPS study): A Multicenter Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Shaji C Menon, Angela P Presson, Brian McCrindle, David J Goldberg, Ritu Sachdeva, Bryan Goldstein, Thomas Seery, Karen C Uzark, Anjali Chelliah, Ryan Butts, Heather Henderson, Tiffanie Johnson, Richard V Williams
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Chronic diseases may result in growth impairment and delayed puberty that contribute to psychosocial maladjustment. There are no data on the prevalence of short stature or delayed puberty in children and adolescents after Fontan operation, a cohort characterized by chronic low cardiac output. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 299 Fontan patients (8-18 years) from 11 Pediatric Heart Network centers. We collected demographic data, anthropometric measurements and Tanner stage using a validated self-assessment questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements and pubertal stage were compared to United States normative data. Short stature was defined as height &lt;5% and abnormal BMI as &lt;5% or &gt;95%. Delayed puberty was defined as failure to reach a stage of development at an age greater than the median age in the subsequent Tanner stage. Comparisons were made between study population and contemporary normal population data. Results: Of the 299 subjects [42% female, median age at enrollment 13.9 years (IQR: 11.3, 16.1)], 98 (33%) had hypoplastic left ventricle and 24 (8%) had heterotaxy syndrome. Median age at Fontan was 3 years (IQR: 2, 4). PLE was present in 16 subjects (5%). Fontan survivors had a higher prevalence of short stature relative to normative data (20% vs. 5%, p&lt;0.0001) and an increased prevalence of abnormal BMI (18% vs. 10%, p&lt;0.0001). Abnormal BMI were split between low BMI (43%) and high BMI (57%). Both males (58%) and females (58%) had delay in ≥1 Tanner stage parameter with at least 2 yr differences between Fontan patients and population norms for most parameters (Figure). Conclusion: Compared to the normal population, Fontan survivors have a 4-fold increase in the prevalence of short stature and nearly 2 fold abnormality in in BMI. Delayed puberty was common in both genders. As these factors may have a negative psychosocial impact, routine screening and management of short stature and delayed puberty should be a priority in Fontan survivors.
The Extra Pharmacopœia.
Journal: JAMA (1892)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Regular source of ambulatory care and medical care utilization by patients presenting to a public hospital emergency department
Authors: D. W. Baker
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To determine the regular source of care and the relationship between usual provider and use of medical services among ambulatory emergency department patients. <h3>Design.</h3> —Cross-sectional survey. <h3>Setting.</h3> —A public hospital in Los Angeles County, California. <h3>Patients.</h3> —A total of 1190 stable, ambulatory adults presenting to the emergency department during a 2-week period. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Self-reported regular source of care, usual health status, and recent physician visits. <h3>Results.</h3> —A total of 16% of the patients identified an emergency department as their regular source of care. One fourth of this group reported fair or poor health. African Americans and Latinos were more likely than whites to identify an emergency department as their regular source of care. Patients who identified an emergency department as their regular source of care had 25% fewer physician visits and were less likely to have seen a physician during the preceding 3 months than patients who were usually seen in an office or clinic (relative risk, 0.45; 95% confidence interval, 0.28 to 0.70). Of all patients, 56% identified a regular source of care other than an emergency department, but 24% to 36% of all their recent physician visits still occurred in an emergency department. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —Our patients rely heavily on emergency departments for ambulatory physician visits, regardless of their reported regular source of care. However, patients who identify an emergency department as their regular source of ambulatory care used physician services less frequently than patients with access to providers in other settings. These issues require further evaluation with populationbased surveys. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1994;271:1909-1912)
Abstract 5249: The transcriptional regulation of CCND1 by miR-15a-5p in the nucleus of colorectal carcinoma cell lines
Authors: Zhenzhen Liu, Xue Bai, Chunyan Li
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Although miRNAs are important post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression in cytoplasm, more and more evidences demonstrate that miRNAs also have nuclear functions. The majority of miRNAs are present in both the cytoplasm and the nucleus. The canonical function of translational repression in cytoplasm is well studied, but the functions of nuclear miRNAs are currently not well understood. From previous studies, we found that miR-15a-5p (miR-15a for short) can be detected in the nucleus of the colon cancer cell line. By transfected miR-15a labelled with biotin, we validated that miR-15a could bind to DNA (especially dsDNA) in the nucleus of colorectal carcinoma cell line HCT116. To find the targets of miR-15a in the nucleus, we scanned the promoter region of the potential targets which were predicted by Targetscan, miRWalk, and miRDB. The promoter of CCND1 has one region that is complementary to miR-15a. By integrating the RNA-seq data and miRNA-Seq data from NCI60 cell line panel and TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas), we found that CCND1 was negatively regulated by miR-15a in colorectal cancer. To confirm that miR-15a regulates CCND1’s transcription in the nucleus, we constructed the promoter of CCND1 and a luciferase reporter into one plasmid, then site-specific mutation was introduced into the potential binding site of miR-15a in the promoter of CCND1. The luciferase assay demonstrated that the mutation in the binding site decreased the expression of CCND1, which validate that miR-15a may regulate the expression of CCND1 by binding to the promoter of CCND1 in the nucleus. The next step, we will further study the function of nuclear miR-15a distinct from the canonical paradigm in carcinogenesis. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Zhenzhen Liu, Xue Bai, Chunyan Li. The transcriptional regulation of CCND1 by miR-15a-5p in the nucleus of colorectal carcinoma cell lines [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5249.
A phase II trial of cabozantinib and erlotinib for patients with EGFR and c-MET co-expressing metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
Authors: Olumide B. Gbolahan, Amikar Sehdev, Safi Shahda, Susan Perkins, Murray Korc, Patrick J. Loehrer, Bert H. O'Neil
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2018)

TPS4157 Background: c-MET over-expression is associated with poor prognosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC)(Kim JH, et al. Oncotarget. 2017;8(42):73098-104). It activates mitogenic signaling, and this may contribute to the limited clinical activity of erlotinib in metastatic PDAC, given the cross talk between EGFR and c-MET(Dulak AM, et al. Oncogene. 2011;30(33):3625-35). Preclinical data suggests that the addition of cabozantinib (a c-MET antagonist) to erlotinib improves anti-tumor activity. The combination in our lab resulted in significant tumor shrinkage, and improvement in survival in a KPC PDAC mouse model compared to treatment with gemcitabine alone. We designed this study to determine the activity of cabozantinib (Cabo) and erlotinib (Eelo) in a population of metastatic PDAC patients whose tumors co-overexpress EGFR and c-MET. Methods: This is an open-label, single arm, Phase II trial of the combination of cabozantinib and erlotinib in metastatic PDAC. Male and female patients > 18years with biopsy proven PDAC and radiologically measurable metastatic disease following progression after first line therapy are eligible. Patients must have tumor tissue available from a surgical resection or archived core biopsy. Only those whose tumors express at least 2+ EGFR and c-MET based on IHC will be allowed on study. ECOG PS2 and above, prior use of Cabo or Erlo, and symptomatic brain metastasis or brain metastasis requiring steroids will exclude patients from this study. Cabo will be administered at 40mg daily dose and Erlo at 100mg daily dose every 28 days without break. The study will be conducted at the Indiana University Simon Cancer Center. The primary objective is to demonstrate at least a 15% radiographic response rate for the combination in the selected population. Secondary objectives include assessment of safety and estimation of PFS, ORR and OS. Based on a Simon two stage design, we will enroll 37 patients in total. If there are no radiologic responses in the 11 patients tested in the first stage, the trial will be closed. The trial opened in November 2017, we have screened 4 patients and enrolled 1. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03213626
Juvenile glaucoma, race, and refraction
Authors: D. Lotufo
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Of 68 patients who presented between the ages of 10 and 35 years with elevated intraocular pressure, 25 were classified as juvenile ocular hypertension and 43 as juvenile primary open-angle glaucoma. Blacks constituted a greater proportion of the primary open-angle glaucoma patients (47%) than of the ocular hypertensives (20%) and in both groups presented at younger ages than did whites. Myopia was present in 59% of the ocular hypertensives and 73% of the primary open-angle glaucoma patients, of whom 39% had more than 6 diopters of myopia. All eyes of black patients with more than 3 diopters of myopia had glaucomatous defects compared with 52% of such eyes of white patients. Our data suggest that myopia is strongly associated with juvenile open-angle glaucoma and that young black patients with elevated intraocular pressure, especially when myopic, are more susceptible to glaucomatous damage than are whites. (<i>JAMA</i>1989;261:249-252)
Tight Pants Syndrome
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal