tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pharmacogenetic Profile of Xenobiotic Enzyme Metabolism in Survivors of the Spanish Toxic Oil Syndrome
Authors: Margarita G. Ladona, Maravillas Izquierdo-Martinez, Manuel Posada de la Paz, Rafael de la Torre, Coral Ampurdanes, Jordi Segura, Emilio J. Sanz
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

In 1981, the Spanish toxic oil syndrome (TOS) affected more than 20,000 people, and over 300 deaths were registered. Assessment of genetic polymorphisms on xenobiotic metabolism would indicate the potential metabolic capacity of the victims at the time of the disaster. Thus, impaired metabolic pathways may have contributed to the clearance of the toxicant(s) leading to a low detoxification or accumulation of toxic metabolites contributing to the disease. We conducted a matched case-control study using 72 cases (54 females, 18 males) registered in the Official Census of Affected Patients maintained by the Spanish government. Controls were nonaffected siblings (n =72) living in the same household in 1981 and nonaffected nonrelatives (n = 70) living in the neighborhood at that time, with no ties to TOS. Genotype analyses were performed to assess the metabolic capacity of phase I [cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1), CYP2D6] and phase II [arylamine N-acetyltransferase-2 (NAT2), GSTM1 (glutathione S-transferase M1) and GSTT1] enzyme polymorphisms. The degree of association of the five metabolic pathways was estimated by calculating their odds ratios (ORs) using conditional logistic regression analysis. In the final model, cases compared with siblings (72 pairs) showed no differences either in CYP2D6 or CYP1A1 polymorphisms, or in conjugation enzyme polymorphisms, whereas cases compared with the unrelated controls (70 pairs) showed an increase in NAT2 defective alleles [OR = 6.96, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.46-33.20] adjusted by age and sex. Glutathione transferase genetic polymorphisms (GSTM1, GSTT1) showed no association with cases compared with their siblings or unrelated controls. These findings suggest a possible role of impaired acetylation mediating susceptibility in TOS.
FDA's newly designated treatment INDs
Authors: F. E. Young
Journal: JAMA (1988)

WE HEREIN describe two new investigational drugs, cytomegalovirus immune globulin and trimetrexate glucuronate, that physicians may obtain under treatment protocols for certain patients with the serious or life-threatening conditions for which the drugs are indicated. The drugs have been approved for early availability under special "Treatment IND" procedures by the commissioner of the Food and Drug Administration. <h3>CYTOMEGALOVIRUS IMMUNE GLOBULIN</h3><h3>Background</h3> Cytomegalovirus immune globulin (CMVIG), the subject of a Treatment IND, is sponsored by the Massachusetts Public Health Biologic Laboratories, Division of the State Laboratory Institute, Department of Public Health, The Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Boston. The product is indicated for the attenuation of primary cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease associated with kidney transplantation in seronegative recipients of kidneys from seropositive donors. Approximately 75% of untreated seronegative recipients would be expected to develop CMV infection.<sup>1</sup>Clinical studies have shown a 50% reduction in primary CMV disease in renal transplant recipients given CMVIG.
Management of clinically localized prostatic cancer. An unresolved problem
Authors: W. F. Whitmore
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Two timely and relevant reports concerning the management of clinically localized prostatic cancer are included in this issue ofThe Journal. The apparently rising incidence of and mortality with this neoplasm coupled with an expanding population and an increasing life expectancy have made prostatic cancer a major medical and socioeconomic problem. Recognized clinically primarily during the terminal third of the life span and characterized by an often protracted course, rational decisions regarding treatment are compromised by the inability to predict reliably either the life expectancy of the individual host or the natural course of the particular neoplasm. Confounding therapeutic decisions are long-persisting uncertainties regarding the relative merits of surgical excision, irradiation, and watchful waiting, not only with respect to cause-specific survival but also relative to the quality of life between diagnosis and death. See also pp 2633 and 2650. The report by Fleming et al<sup>1</sup>uses decision analysis to
Editorial Board
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Fourteen editors-in-chiefs have steered Gastroenterology to success since its inception in 1943. Five (Alvarez, Ivy, Aaron, Grossman, and Donaldson) are no longer with us. Their personalities and editorships, along with those of Marvin Sleisenger, are presented by their admirers. Fordtran, Ockner, Goyal, LaRusso, Podolsky, Brenner, Rustgi, and Omary describe their own backgrounds, experiences, and personal reflections on serving as editor-in-chief of Gastroenterology.
The selection of medical students
Authors: A. Shepard
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> In response to Dr Emory, we acknowledge our oversight in including the same 25 patients from two independent reports of the efficacy of HDHE. We note that these 25 patients experienced a rate of DVT (16%) that was higher than the overall rate of DVT (12.4%) that we calculated for this prophylaxis. Thus, inclusion of these patients slightly increased the rate of DVT for HDHE, and thereby reduced its cost-effectiveness. The protocol for administration of HDHE that we used for costing was taken from the minimum regimen that we specified for inclusion of trial reports. We note that one trial indeed used this minimum regimen. Finally, as Dr Emory notes, HDHE has not been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for DVT prophylaxis in orthopedic surgery. Physicians, however, may prescribe licensed drugs for nonapproved indications, and many drugs are frequently used in this manner.<sup>1</sup>
Brain Scan
Authors: Catharine Dewar
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

On Being a Patient16 March 1999Brain ScanCatharine Dewar, PhD, MD, FRCPCCatharine Dewar, PhD, MD, FRCPCSunnybrook Hospital—University of Toronto; Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5, CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-130-6-199903160-00007 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail In my dreams the river flowsquietly, stealthily, peacefully; in a deep and timeless chasmwith steep, dry, ochre walls.And in my dreams I lie very still,as the river bears me purposefullythrough this dangerous cavern.I have entrusted myself to these watersand this stream's journey has become my own.I have become invincible as I am swept along,like a leaf carried safely by this ceaseless flow.I hear instead the ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Sunnybrook Hospital—University of Toronto; Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5, CanadaCorresponding Author: Catharine Dewar, PhD, MD, FRCPC, Division of Rheumatology, Sunnybrook Hospital—University of Toronto, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Suite A209, Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5, Canada; e-mail, tas.[email protected]ca. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 16 March 1999Volume 130, Issue 6Page: 535KeywordsBrainRheumatologyRivers ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 16 March 1999 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Tobacco advertising.
Authors: J. Blelloch
Journal: BMJ (1992)

however, doctors must counsel the patients to disclose their HIV status to their partners them- selves.Only if a patient fails to do so should the doctor disclose the HIV status to the partner.The General Medical Council emphasises that these are guidelines but not a strict code of practice.Keenlyside and colleagues' work shows, however, that 45% of consultants in genitourinary medicine providing HIV services were not aware of this.Usually in a sexually transmitted disease clinic patients suffering from an identifiable disease are encouraged to trace contacts themselves and tell the contacts the condition they suffer from.This is done by means of contact slips issued to them by health advisers.In some cases the patients do not disclose the condition, and, to protect their confidentiality, codes instead of the names of the diseases are used on contact slips.If some patients do not disclose their conditions the doctors are bound to maintain confidentiality under the NHS (Venereal Diseases) Regulations 1974 and NHS Trusts (Venereal Diseases) Directions 1991.In the case of HIV this practice of confidentiality can be waived, according to the General Medical Council's guidelines.In fact, the duty of confiden- tiality is not absolute, and the law allows a doctor to breach it in the public interest.'
DO CIRRHOTIC PATIENTS HAVE HIGHER RISK OF COMPLICATION FOLLOWING ENDOSCOPIC RETROGRADE CHOLANGIOPANCREATOGRAPHY? A SINGLE CENTER STUDY
Authors: SB Kim, MC Kim, MK Kang, JH Cho, JG Park, KH Kim, KO Kim, SH Lee, BI Jang, CH Yang, TN Kim
Journal: Endoscopy (2020)

Aims Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is one of the most important procedures in the diagnosis and treatment of pancreaticobiliary disease. However, there is still insufficient data on the complication rate of ERCP in patients with liver cirrhosis (LC). The aim of this study was to investigate the rate of complications following ERCP in cirrhotic patients.
J. R. Williams, MD, Insulin Pioneer, Dies
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Bladder Carcinoma
Authors: James H. DeWeerd
Journal: JAMA (1967)

The goal of long-term survival or cure of the patient with infiltrating bladder cancer continues to be a seemingly insurmountable challenge for the urologist. The last two decades have witnessed continued efforts not only in the form of earlier<sup>1</sup>and more radical<sup>2</sup>surgical approaches, made possible by well recognized advances in operative technique with associated supportive measures and by improved methods of urinary diversion, but also in the form of improvement in techniques and facilities of radiation therapy, particularly the increasing use of high-energy external teletherapy equipment such as radioactive cobalt, linear accelerators, and betatrons. We look hopefully to the discovery of a biologically specific chemical agent to further augment the therapeutic modalities available to the patient and his physician. It is impossible and obviously unwise to attempt to make routine the treatment program for patients with infiltrating bladder cancer. The many variaables include the site, extent, and
Osleriana
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
This Week in &lt;EMPH&gt;JAMA&lt;/EMPH&gt;
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Jenny B. Hobbs, MD; Derick R. Peterson, PhD; Arthur J. Moss, MD; Scott McNitt, MS; Wojciech Zareba, MD, PhD; Ilan Goldenberg, MD; Ming Qi, PhD; Jennifer L. Robinson, MS; Andrew J. Sauer, BS; Michael J. Ackerman, MD, PhD; Jesaia Benhorin, MD; Elizabeth S. Kaufman, MD; Emanuela H. Locati, MD, PhD; Carlo Napolitano, MD; Silvia G. Priori, MD, PhD; Jeffrey A. Towbin, MD; G. Michael Vincent, MD; Li Zhang, MD
Anniversary Meeting of the British Medical Association
Journal: BMJ (1841)

took the chair at seven o'clock P. m.The CHAIRMAN, in opening the business, said, that they were assembled on the very apot where, four years ago, this assoiation received its final impress.At that time it was predicted that it would not be of long continuance; but those predictions had proved untrue.None of the cororators then attended the meeting, though they were aLware of its being held, to oppose any of the propositions ahid before it.One gentleman, who attended from a liberal insttution, was so fnrihtened with the picture which it was \ne eAsaryto dra of the corporations, that he left the room, ad had never since returned.(Laughter.)They had now arrived at an important crisis.Having aroused the pro- fession from the apathy into which it had sunk, its present ea and energy must be tumed to some good account.theirs was the cause of reason, ofjustice, and of the public a therefore it required none of the aids of rhetoric i advrocate it.Many of the objects which the association Iad in view at its foundation had been fully realized.A dege of unity now existed in the profession which never prevailed before.The benevolent fund had been favourably progiessing.(Cheers.)One obect to be steadily kept in view, ras the enlightenment of the public mind.the battle about to be fought was emphatcall that of the public.
Rates of Kidney Transplantation in Nations With Presumed Consent
Authors: Lucy D. Horvat, Amit X. Garg
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2011)

Letters7 June 2011Rates of Kidney Transplantation in Nations With Presumed ConsentLucy D. Horvat, MSc and Amit X. Garg, MD, PhDLucy D. Horvat, MScFrom University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 4G5, Canada.Search for more papers by this author and Amit X. Garg, MD, PhDFrom University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 4G5, Canada.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-154-11-201106070-00014 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We appreciate Dr. de Groot and colleagues' interest in our article. Multivariable analyses were conducted but then removed from an earlier version of our article to prioritize requested stratified analyses. Given the interest, the Table shows these multivariable analyses.Table. Association Between Rates of Kidney Transplantation and Presumed ConsentThe results are entirely consistent with our reported findings. Nations with presumed consent have higher rates of deceased donor kidney transplantation but lower rates of living donor kidney transplantation than nations with explicit consent. Any nation deciding to adopt presumed consent ...Reference1. Rithalia A, McDaid C, Suekarran S, Myers L, Sowden A. Impact of presumed consent for organ donation on donation rates: a systematic review. BMJ. 2009;:338. [PMID: 19147479] MedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 4G5, Canada.Disclosures: Disclosures can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=M10-1562. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoInforming the Debate: Rates of Kidney Transplantation in Nations With Presumed Consent Lucy D. Horvat , Meaghan S. Cuerden , S. Joseph Kim , John J. Koval , Ann Young , and Amit X. Garg Rates of Kidney Transplantation in Nations With Presumed Consent Yorick J. de Groot , Hester F. Lingsma , and Erwin J.O. Kompanje Metrics 7 June 2011Volume 154, Issue 11Page: 778KeywordsConflicts of interestDisclosureKidneysLegislationRenal transplantationTransplantation ePublished: 7 June 2011 Issue Published: 7 June 2011 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2011 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Posttransplant primary CNS lymphoma
Authors: T. G. Phan
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2000)

The records and neuro-imaging studies of 8 cases of posttransplant primary CNS lymphoma (PT-PCNSL) diagnosed at Mayo Clinic Rochester between 1970 and 1998 were reviewed retrospectively.All patients received organ transplantation.Patients who had hematologic transplantation were not included in the analysis.The median and mean age of the 4 men and 4 women was 45 years (range, 34 to 50 years).The median duration of symptoms before diagnosis was 36 days (range, 5 to 98 days).At diagnosis, the neurologic examination was focally abnormal in 6 of 8 patients.Compared with the initial computed tomographic study, MRI showed 25 additional brain lesions.Only 43.7% of lesions enhanced with contrast agent; of those that did, all but one were heterogeneous.Ependymal contact occurred in 5 patients.MRI lesion burden increased proportionally to the interval between scans.Diagnostic tissue was obtained by stereotactic biopsy from 6 patients and by open biopsy from 2. Hemorrhage occurred in the biopsy area in 4 patients who had stereotactic biopsy and 2 died (all had normal coagulation studies).Slides available for review (7 patients) showed that the tumors were of CD20-positive lineage and were positive for Epstein-Barr virus, using in situ hybridization.Six patients died.Median survival for the cohort was 13 weeks.PT-PCNSL has clinical and imaging features distinct from typical PCNSL.In our series, (1) PT-PCNSL presented nonspeci cally and progressed rapidly, (2) stereotactic brain biopsy had signi cant morbidity, and (3) despite multimodal therapy, survival was poor.
THU0248 Patient-Oriented Decision of Early Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis with Combination of Triple Conventional Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs or Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors and Methotrexate (Prospective, Open-Label Clinical Trial)
Authors: M. Okada, H. Matsuno, C. Abe, K. Katayama, M. Kondo, A. Sagawa, K. Yamasaki, M. Kishimoto, T. Matsubara
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Early optimization of conventional disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (cDMARD) treatment is imperative as delay of biologics in certain patients can lead to irreversible functional disability. Bucillamine (BUC) is a unique cDMARD available in Japan in the past twenty years which was recently shown to augment the efficacy of methotrexate (MTX) and salazosulfapyridine (SASP) when they are administered together. <h3>Objectives</h3> We examined the early institution of the triple combination therapy (TriD) before judging requirement of biologics by comparing to combination of TNF inhibitors and MTX (TNFI) in daily practice setting. <h3>Methods</h3> 152 patients of early rheumatoid arthritis with worse prognosis based on the activity and known prognostic factors were incorporated in the study from 32 institutions belonging to Japan Association of Rheumatologists in Private practice (JARP). After careful informed consent, 114 patients by themselves decided to receive TriD therapy or TNFI therapy. Primary endpoint is average DAS28 score at 6 and 12 months, and secondary endpoint is clinical remission rate, functional remission rate and serum MMP-3 value at 3, 6 and 12 months, and modified Total Sharp Score at 12 months. <h3>Results</h3> Sixty patients on TriD and 46 patients on TNFI completed 6 months treatment. Baseline DAS28 were 4.91±1.06 in TriD and 5.12±1.21 in TNFI (p=0.306). In 6 months the averages of DAS28 3.34±1.40 and 3.15±1.47 (p=0.470) in TriD and TNFI groups, respectively. EULAR Response and DAS28 at 3 and 6 months were also comparable and not statistically different. <h3>Image/graph</h3> <h3>Conclusions</h3> Patient preference to receive cDMARD or biologics after careful informed consent of treatment options can be acceptable in the first 6 months when another decision to switch therapy based on clinical and radiological evaluation in daily practice. This patient-oriented approach can lead to more patients satisfaction and reduction of medical cost. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Any questions:
Authors: J Gillon
Journal: BMJ (1997)

<i>What is the maximum frequency of blood donation and how has it been decided on? Is there any scientific evidence behind prohibiting activities such as swimming in the day or two following blood donation? On a recent visit to the local blood donor centre I was told not to take off the plaster occluding my venepuncture site for 24 hours “to prevent infection.” Is there any evidence for this?</i>
Management of Solitary Pulmonary Nodules
Authors: M. Herbert Nathan
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Too many patients with benign pulmonary nodules are subjected to lung resection. Based on tumor growth rate and statistics, a method of treatment for patients with pulmonary nodules is proposed that relies on serial chest x-ray films when a definite diagnosis cannot be made by sputum analysis in patients 30 to 45 years old and evaluation by sputum analysis and needle or brush biopsy in patients over 45 years old. Patients less than 30 years of age require serial films only. This approach should spare most patients with benign nodules from surgery while maintaining present survival rates in malignant solitary pulmonary nodules.
AIDS policy. Two divisive issues
Authors: D. E. Rogers
Journal: JAMA (1993)

THE NATIONAL Commission on AIDS (the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) was created by federal statute in 1989. Its major legislative mandate was to provide ongoing oversight of the nation's involvement in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic and to report on the response to the President, the Congress, and the American people. The Commission recently released its final report,<sup>1</sup>and we have issued public statements when particular AIDS policy issues have taken on national importance. The time to speak out has come again. Recently, two issues have arisen that once more threaten to divide us as we move into the 13th year of the HIV epidemic. They are deceptively simple: Should HIV prevention programs be narrowly targeted toward certain "at risk" groups, or should prevention programs focus more broadly on the universality of risk among all people? Since drug use is now linked to more than one third of all