Abstract 1555: circPVT1 and linear PVT1 isoforms regulate cell growth, metabolic and DNA damage response related gene signatures in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Martina Ghetti, Antonella Padella, Eugenio Fonzi, Lorenzo Ledda, Andrea Ghelli Lusernadi Rorà, Matteo Paganelli, Doron Tolomeo, Clelia Tiziana Storlazzi, Giovanni Martinelli, Giorgia Simonetti
Journal: Cancer Research (2022)

Abstract Non-coding (nc)RNAs, including circular (circ)RNAs, contribute to tumor development and progression. Several ncRNAs were shown to affect the onset, prognosis, and treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in the past years. The human Plasmacytoma Variant Translocation 1 (PVT1) gene maps on the long arm of chromosome 8 (8q24), in the same genomic region hosting MYC and encoding for 83 linear (PVT1, lncipedia.org) and 26 high-confidence circular isoforms (circPVT1, www.circbase.org). The most common isoform of circPVT1 is a product of back-splicing of 410 nt and contains the whole exon 2 of PVT1 in a closed loop-like structure (hsa_circ_0001821). The study aims to investigate the role of PVT1 isoforms and circPVT1 in AML. Firstly, we focused on the various PVT1 isoforms and their differential expression in leukemia. Fourteen out of the 83 linear isoforms are expressed in the hematopoietic tissues (lymph node and white blood cells, www.noncode.org), and 6 of them were detectable in AML cell lines, including the t(8;21) KASUMI-1 and the NPM1-mutated OCI-AML3 models, together with circPVT1. We designed two antisense-oligonucleotides (ASOs), mapping on common exonic region and targeting the linear isoforms expressed in OCI-AML3 and KASUMI-1 cells, and one ASO spanning the junction region of circPVT1. ASOs-mediated knockdown (KD) showed a relevant decrease of PVT1 signals, especially by ASO combination, and circPVT1 level using the specific ASO in both cell lines, under normoxia and hypoxia (1% O2). The downregulation led to a significant decrease in cell growth, but, interestingly, only circPVT1-KD induced apoptosis under both conditions in OCI-AML3. To further investigate the biological consequences of circPVT1-KD, we performed RNAseq assays. Data analysis was performed by pseudo alignment of paired-end reads to the human transcriptome, then counted with the Kallisto tool. Differential expression analysis of single isoforms was performed with the Sleuth tool on normalized transcript per million. We identified a core of 644 and 838 commonly regulated genes by circPVT1 in both cell lines under normoxia and hypoxia, respectively. Pathway analysis (performed by EnrichR) revealed that these genes are involved not only in the RNA regulatory pathways, as expected according to circRNA functions, but also in metabolic (e.g., KDM3A, GPI, NFKBA, RBM3, XBP1) and DNA damage response (e.g., PIDD1, MUC1, BCLAF1, BABAM2) pathways, opening a new scenario for synthetic lethality approaches. In conclusion, our findings show that silencing of circPVT1 or the predominantly expressed PVT1 isoforms dampens leukemia cell growth, indicating a role in AML pathogenesis, and suggest that targeting them may have therapeutic potentials in AML. Citation Format: Martina Ghetti, Antonella Padella, Eugenio Fonzi, Lorenzo Ledda, Andrea Ghelli Lusernadi Rorà, Matteo Paganelli, Doron Tolomeo, Clelia Tiziana Storlazzi, Giovanni Martinelli, Giorgia Simonetti. circPVT1 and linear PVT1 isoforms regulate cell growth, metabolic and DNA damage response related gene signatures in acute myeloid leukemia [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 1555.