tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in a Case of Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome
Authors: Aisheng Dong, Bo Zhao, Linhui Wang, Chao Cheng, Changjing Zuo
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2023)

Abstract We describe 18 F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT findings in case of von Hippel-Lindau syndrome with a cerebellar hemangioblastoma, 6 renal cell carcinomas in the bilateral kidneys, cystic lesions in the pancreas and left adrenal gland, and solid lesions in the bilateral epididymides. 18 F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT showed intense activity with SUV max of 111.3 of the cerebellar hemangioblastoma, variable activity with SUV max range of 6.4–37.6 of the renal cell carcinomas, and increased activity of the bilateral epididymal lesions (SUV max of 5.1 and 8.2 for the left and right epididymal lesions, respectively).
FDG PET/CT Findings of Renal Cell Carcinoma Arising From a Transplanted Kidney in a Pediatric Patient
Authors: Anilawan S. Fleury, Hongming Zhuang
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2023)

A 12-year-old girl presented with a history of kidney transplant complicated by posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease. A solid mass was found in the lower pole of the transplanted kidney, concerning for posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease. However, biopsy confirmed papillary renal cell carcinoma. FDG PET/CT showed increased activity in the known renal cell carcinoma in the renal allograft.
Trends in Preventive Care Services Among U.S. Adults With Diagnosed Diabetes, 2008–2020
Authors: Jacob T. Wittman, Kai McKeever Bullard, Stephen R. Benoit
Journal: Diabetes Care (2023)

Preventive care services are important to prevent or delay complications associated with diabetes. We report trends in receipt of six American Diabetes Association-recommended preventive care services during 2008-2020.
A Sequential Dual Functional Supramolecular Hydrogel with Promoted Drug Release to Scavenge ROS and Stabilize HIF‐1α for Myocardial Infarction Treatment
Authors: Kai Wang, Shun‐Yu Yao, Zhaoyi Wang, Liyin Shen, Dong‐Sheng Guo, Yang Zhu, Xiayan Yang, Qifeng Yu, Changyou Gao
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Myocardial infarction (MI) has a characteristic inflammatory microenvironment due to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and causes the extraordinary deposition of collagen and thereby fibrosis. An on-demand adaptive drug releasing hydrogel is designed to modulate the inflammatory microenvironment and inhibit cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) proliferation post MI by scavenging the overproduced ROS and releasing 1,4-dihydrophenonthrolin-4-one-3-carboxylic acid (DPCA) to maintain the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α). DPCA is prefabricated to a prodrug linked with disulfide bond (DPCA-S-S-OH). The DPCA-S-S-OH and carboxylated calixarene (CSAC4A) are grafted onto the backbone of methacrylated hyaluronic acid (HAMA) to obtain HAMA-S-S-DPCA and HAMA-CA, respectively, which are further reacted to form a dual network hydrogel (R
68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT of Metastatic Lymphoepithelial Carcinoma of Parotid Gland
Authors: Han Chung Low, Kelvin Siu Hoong Loke, Fu Qiang Wang, Shuting Han, Wen Long Nei
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2023)

Abstract We present a case of a 59-year-old woman with lymphoepithelial carcinoma of left parotid gland. She was treated with radical radiotherapy, but her plasma Epstein-Barr virus DNA load continued to increase despite good locoregional response. As her primary tumor was positive for somatostatin receptor type 2, we performed 68 Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT, which revealed multiple DOTATATE-avid distant metastases.
DeepQuality improves infant retinopathy screening
Authors: Longhui Li, Duoru Lin, Zhenzhe Lin, Mingyuan Li, Zhangkai Lian, Lanqin Zhao, Xiaohang Wu, Lixue Liu, Jiali Liu, Xiaoyue Wei, Mingjie Luo, Danqi Zeng, Anqi Yan, Wai Cheng Iao, Yuanjun Shang, Fabao Xu, Wei Xiang, Muchen He, Zhe Fu, Xueyu Wang, Yaru Deng, Xinyan Fan, Zhijun Ye, Meirong Wei, Jianping Zhang, Baohai Liu, Jianqiao Li, Xiaoyan Ding, Haotian Lin
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2023)

Abstract Image quality variation is a prominent cause of performance degradation for intelligent disease diagnostic models in clinical applications. Image quality issues are particularly prominent in infantile fundus photography due to poor patient cooperation, which poses a high risk of misdiagnosis. Here, we developed a deep learning-based image quality assessment and enhancement system (DeepQuality) for infantile fundus images to improve infant retinopathy screening. DeepQuality can accurately detect various quality defects concerning integrity, illumination, and clarity with area under the curve (AUC) values ranging from 0.933 to 0.995. It can also comprehensively score the overall quality of each fundus photograph. By analyzing 2,015,758 infantile fundus photographs from real-world settings using DeepQuality, we found that 58.3% of them had varying degrees of quality defects, and large variations were observed among different regions and categories of hospitals. Additionally, DeepQuality provides quality enhancement based on the results of quality assessment. After quality enhancement, the performance of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) diagnosis of clinicians was significantly improved. Moreover, the integration of DeepQuality and AI diagnostic models can effectively improve the model performance for detecting ROP. This study may be an important reference for the future development of other image-based intelligent disease screening systems.
Follow-up of the GHSG HD16 trial of PET-guided treatment in early-stage favorable Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Michael Fuchs, Anne Sophie Jacob, Helen Kaul, Carsten Kobe, Georg Kuhnert, Thomas Pabst, Richard Greil, Paul J. Bröckelmann, Max S. Topp, Marianne Just, Bernd Hertenstein, Martin Soekler, Martin Vogelhuber, Josée M. Zijlstra, Ulrich Bernd Keller, Stefan W. Krause, Ulrich Dührsen, Julia Meissner, Andreas Viardot, Hans-Theodor Eich, Christian Baues, Volker Diehl, Andreas Rosenwald, Ina Buehnen, Bastian von Tresckow, Markus Dietlein, Peter Borchmann, Andreas Engert, Dennis A. Eichenauer
Journal: Leukemia (2023)

Abstract The primary analysis of the GHSG HD16 trial indicated a significant loss of tumor control with PET-guided omission of radiotherapy (RT) in patients with early-stage favorable Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). This analysis reports long-term outcomes. Overall, 1150 patients aged 18–75 years with newly diagnosed early-stage favorable HL were randomized between standard combined-modality treatment (CMT) (2x ABVD followed by PET/CT [PET-2] and 20 Gy involved-field RT) and PET-2-guided treatment omitting RT in case of PET-2 negativity (Deauville score [DS] &lt; 3). The study aimed at excluding inferiority of PET-2-guided treatment and assessing the prognostic impact of PET-2 in patients receiving CMT. At a median follow-up of 64 months, PET-2-negative patients had a 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) of 94.2% after CMT ( n = 328) and 86.7% after ABVD alone ( n = 300; HR = 2.05 [1.20–3.51]; p = 0.0072). 5-year OS was 98.3% and 98.8%, respectively ( p = 0.14); 4/12 documented deaths were caused by second primary malignancies and only one by HL. Among patients assigned to CMT, 5-year PFS was better in PET-2-negative ( n = 353; 94.0%) than in PET-2-positive patients ( n = 340; 90.3%; p = 0.012). The difference was more pronounced when using DS4 as cut-off (DS 1-3: n = 571; 94.0% vs. DS ≥ 4: n = 122; 83.6%; p &lt; 0.0001). Taken together, CMT should be considered standard treatment for early-stage favorable HL irrespective of the PET-2-result.
Highlights From the <i>Circulation</i> Family of Journals
Authors: Martin Burke, Reinoud Knops, Vivek Reddy, Johan Aasbo, Michael Husby, Alan Marcovecchio, Mark O'connor, Rick Sanghera, Don Scheck, Shari Pepplinkhuizen, Adrian Ebner, Tarun Dalia, Suveenkrishna Pothuru, Wan-Chi Chan, Harsh Mehta, Amandeep Goyal, Hassan Farhoud, Ilham Boda, Anureet Malhotra, Andrija Vidic, Aniket Rali, Thomas Hanff, Kamal Gupta, James Fang, Zubair Shah, Sarah Montembeau, Faisal Merchant, Candace Speight, Daniel Kramer, Daniel Matlock, Michal Horný, Neal Dickert, Birju Rao, Tom Kai, Ming Wang, Duygu Kocyigit, Harry Choi, Chris Anthony, Nicholas Chan, Jennifer Bullen, Zoran Popović, Samir Kapadia, Amar Krishnaswamy, Brian Griffin, Scott Flamm, ; Wilson Tang, Deborah Kwon, Thomas Povsic, Timothy Henry, Jay Traverse, ; Anderson, Geoffrey Answini, Benjamin Sun, George Arnaoutakis, Konstantinos Boudoulas, Adam Williams, Howard Dittrich, Elizabeth Tarka, David Latter, ; Ohman, Mark Peterson, Dawn Byrnes, Carl Pepine, Marcelo Dicarli, Ronald Crystal, Todd Rosengart, Nahush Mokadam
Journal: Circulation (2023)

The August highlights from the Circulation family of journals cover a variety of interesting topics.The experience with a novel extravascular ICD lead is reported in Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology.The incidence of cardiogenic shock among patients with end-stage renal disease is described in Circulation: Heart Failure.The patient experience and perspective on ICD generator exchanges are described in Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes.The prognostic utility of cardiac MRI-based scar quantification and functional mitral regurgitation assessment for patients with cardiomyopathy is evaluated in Circulation: Cardiovascular Imaging.Finally, a phase 1 dose-finding study of gene therapy delivered via mini-thoracotomy in patients with refractory angina is reported in Circulation: Cardiovascular Interventions.
Regulation of Postnatal Cardiomyocyte Maturation by an RNA Splicing Regulator RBFox1
Authors: Jijun Huang, Josh Z. Lee, Christoph D. Rau, Arash Pezhouman, Tomohiro Yokota, Hiromi Miwa, Matthew Feldman, Tsz Kin Kong, Ziyue Yang, Woan Ting Tay, Ivan Pushkarsky, Kyungsoo Kim, Shan S. Parikh, Shreya Udani, Boon Seng Soh, Chen Gao, Linsey Stiles, Orian S. Shirihai, Bjorn C. Knollmann, Reza Ardehali, Dino Di Carlo, Yibin Wang
Journal: Circulation (2023)
Student activism drives decolonisation in medicine
Authors: Lara Akinnawonu
Journal: BMJ (2023)

Student activism drives decolonisation in medicineFuture doctors must keep the pressure on the profession and its representative body, the BMA, to decolonise and further challenge structural racism, writes Lara Akinnawonu Lara Akinnawonu foundation year doctor, Essex Calls for the decolonisation of medicine from medical students in the UK have grown stronger since the covid-19 pandemic further exposed systemic racial inequalities.The process of decolonising medicine relies on grassroots organisations challenging the dominance of Eurocentric influences and the dismantling of power imbalances in the structures and policies that uphold racism and other injustices that persist after colonialism.
18F-Fluorocholine PET/CT in the Detection of Hyperfunctioning Transplanted Parathyroid Tissue
Authors: Federico Garrou, Alessio Rizzo, Daniela Rosso, Stefano Bondi, Manuela Racca
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2023)

A 54-year-old woman diagnosed with multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 1 and primary hyperparathyroidism underwent total parathyroidectomy with autotransplantation of parathyroid tissue fragments in the right forearm in 1999. Since several years later, follow-up laboratory examinations showed the relapse of hypercalcemia; the patient started cinacalcet therapy. To exclude the presence of hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands in ortotopic or ectopic sites, a PET/CT scan with 18F-fluorocholine was performed. The PET/CT scan excluded the presence of ortotopic and ectopic parathyroid glands but showed a hyperplastic parathyroid fragment in the right forearm, responsible for the patient's persistent hypercalcemia.
Management of Adults With Anomalous Aortic Origin of the Coronary Arteries
Authors: Mario Gaudino, Antonino Di Franco, Eloisa Arbustini, Emile Bacha, Eric R. Bates, Duke E. Cameron, Davide Cao, Tirone E. David, Ruggero De Paulis, Ismail El-Hamamsy, Kanwal M. Farooqi, Leonard N. Girardi, Christoph Gräni, Jonathan D. Kochav, Silvana Molossi, John D. Puskas, Sunil V. Rao, Sigrid Sandner, James Tatoulis, Quynh A. Truong, Jonathan W. Weinsaft, Daniel Zimpfer, Carlos M. Mery
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2023)
Impact of Prior Cytoreductive Nephrectomy on Efficacy in Patients with Synchronous Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Treated with Avelumab plus Axitinib or Sunitinib: Post Hoc Analysis from the JAVELIN Renal 101 Phase 3 Trial
Authors: Marc-Oliver Grimm, Mototsugu Oya, Toni K. Choueiri, Robert J. Motzer, Manuela Schmidinger, David I. Quinn, Gwenaelle Gravis-Mescam, Elena Verzoni, Alfonsus J.M. Van den Eertwegh, Alessandra di Pietro, Mariangela Mariani, Jing Wang, Despina Thomaidou, Laurence Albiges
Journal: European Urology (2023)

Data on the effects of prior cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN) in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with synchronous metastases (M1 disease) before immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment are limited. In this post hoc analysis of treatment-naive patients with advanced RCC from the phase 3 JAVELIN Renal 101 trial, we assessed efficacy outcomes in the avelumab + axitinib and sunitinib arms in patients who were initially diagnosed with M1 disease (n = 412) grouped by prior CN (yes vs no). Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed using multivariable Cox regression, and objective response rates (ORRs) were analyzed using logistic regression. After adjusting for imbalances in baseline variables, the hazard ratio (HR) for PFS in the prior CN versus no prior CN subgroup was 0.79 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.53-1.16) in the avelumab + axitinib arm, and 1.15 (95% CI 0.77-1.70) in the sunitinib arm. The corresponding HRs for OS were 0.59 (95% CI 0.38-0.93) and 0.86 (95% CI, 0.55-1.34), and the odds ratios for ORR were 2.67 (95% CI 1.32-5.41) and 2.02 (95% CI 0.82-4.94), respectively. Prospective studies of the potential benefits of CN and its appropriate timing in patients receiving first-line treatment with ICI-containing combinations are warranted. PATIENT SUMMARY: This study looked at patients with kidney cancer whose disease had already spread outside the kidneys when it was first detected. We found that patients whose kidney had been removed before starting treatment with avelumab + axitinib had better outcomes than those whose kidney had not been removed. For patients treated with sunitinib, the results were more similar between the groups with and without prior kidney removal. However, statistical tests did not find any significant differences. The JAVELIN Renal 101 trial is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT02684006.
Annals Consult Guys - Blood Cultures: How Many Are Enough?
Authors: Howard H. Weitz, Geno J. Merli
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2023)

Web ExclusivesOctober 2023Annals Consult Guys - Blood Cultures: How Many Are Enough?FREEHoward H. Weitz, MD, and Geno J. Merli, MDHoward H. Weitz, MDThomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (H.H.W., G.J.M.)Search for more papers by this author, and Geno J. Merli, MDThomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (H.H.W., G.J.M.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/W22-0023 CME/MOC SectionsSupplemental MaterialAboutVisual Abstract ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail The Annals Consult Guys discuss the optimal timing and number of blood cultures required when endocarditis is the suspected cause of a patient's illness.For more videos from and information on Annals Consult Guys, visit go.annals.org/ConsultGuys. Comments 0 Comments Sign In to Submit A Comment Richard J. Kahn, MD, MACPTufts University School of Medicine, retired from clinical practice but still enjoy teaching17 October 2023 Thanks for an interesting practical, history and science based presentation Medical history has been an important part of my medical life for over 50 years. Your use of changing recommendations and the clinicians and papers justifying the changes was so well done. A bit of humility is engendered by such a presentation and that "certainty is unattainable" in medicine. References "Kassirer, J. P. "Our Stubborn Quest for Diagnostic Certainty. A Cause of Excessive Testing." N Engl J Med 320, no. 22 (Jun 1 1989): 1489-91. The Consult GuysJefferson University20 October 2023 Author's Response Dr. Kahn: We really appreciate your comment. Like you we have been in medicine for decades, for the consult guys combined it is 100 years! And we are still on the search for “certainty” in what we do. Geno and Howard “The Consult Guys” Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Howard H. Weitz, MD; Geno J. Merli, MDAffiliations: Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (H.H.W., G.J.M.)Disclosures: Drs. Merli and Weitz report that they have no financial relationships or interests to disclose. All relevant financial relationships have been mitigated. Forms can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=W22-0023.Editors' Disclosures: The editors have no relevant financial relationships to disclose. Individual forms may be viewed at www.annals.org/editorsdisclosures. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics October 2023Volume 176, Issue 10 ePublished: 17 October 2023 Issue Published: October 2023 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2023 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.Loading ...
Telemedicine Versus In-Person Primary Care: Treatment and Follow-up Visits
Authors: Mary Reed, Jie Huang, Madeline Somers, Loretta Hsueh, Ilana Graetz, Andrea Millman, Emilie Muelly, Anjali Gopalan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2023)

Beyond initial COVID-19 pandemic emergency expansions of telemedicine use, it is unclear how well primary care telemedicine addresses patients' needs.
Regulatory Review Duration and Differences in Submission Times of Drugs in the United States and Europe, 2011 to 2020
Authors: Kerstin N. Vokinger, Miquel Serra-Burriel, Camille E.G. Glaus, Ulrich-Peter Rohr, Thomas J. Hwang, Simon Dalla Torre di Sanguinetto, Aaron S. Kesselheim
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2023)

The speed of drug regulatory agencies in the United States and Europe is often a source of discussion. The objective of this research was to assess regulatory review duration of first and supplementary indications approved between 2011 and 2020 in the United States and Europe (European Union [EU] and Switzerland) and differences in submission times between the United States and Europe. Descriptive statistics were applied to review times between the jurisdictions and across the therapeutic areas. A regression analysis was done to estimate the association between approval agency and review times. The primary analysis cohort included 241 drugs approved in the United States, the EU, and Switzerland. Of these, 128 drugs had supplemental indications (331 in total) in the United States and 87 had supplemental indications (206 in total) in the EU. Overall median review duration from submission to approval subtracting the clock stop period was 39 weeks in the United States, 44 weeks in the EU, and 44 weeks in Switzerland. When review times within each drug were compared, the European Medicines Agency took a median of 3.7 weeks (IQR, −6.7 to 14.9 weeks) longer than the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and Swissmedic a median of 0.3 weeks (IQR, −10.6 to 15.3 weeks) longer. Median total review duration for supplemental indications was 26 weeks in the United States and 40 weeks in the EU. Applications were submitted a median of 1.3 and 17.9 weeks later in the EU and Switzerland, respectively, than in the United States. The regression analysis showed small differences in submission times between the United States and the EU (−2.1 weeks [95% CI, −11.7 to 7.6 weeks]) and larger differences between the United States and Switzerland (33.0 weeks [CI, 23.1 to 42.8 weeks]). It would be beneficial for patients if differences in submission times between the United States and Europe continue to be minimized.
Beautiful
Authors: Andrea L. Merrill
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2023)

On Being a DoctorOctober 2023BeautifulAndrea L. Merrill, MDAndrea L. Merrill, MDBoston Medical Center; Boston, MassachusettsSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M23-1742 Audio Reading - “Beautiful” Audio. Michael A. Lacombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads “Beautiful” by Andrea L. Merrill, MD Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail I wrench my mind from thoughts of lunch to the patient at hand as I hurry down the long hall into a white-walled, sterile hospital room. Sunlight streams in through a window that overlooks a brick wall, one of my few glimpses of the outside world that day. Not exactly an uplifting view for recovery and inspiration.My patient is an elderly woman, thin, with wisps of gray hair hanging from her wrinkled forehead. She’s in the hospital after having a stroke, and I have been called to evaluate her for a carotid endarterectomy in the hopes of preventing further ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Andrea L. Merrill, MDAffiliations: Boston Medical Center; Boston, MassachusettsCorresponding Author: Andrea L. Merrill, MD, Boston Medical Center, 820 Harrison Avenue, FGH 5005, Boston, MA 02118; e-mail, Andrea.Merrill@bmc.org. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Audio Reading - “Beautiful” Audio. Michael A. Lacombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads “Beautiful” by Andrea L. Merrill, MD Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics October 2023Volume 176, Issue 10 Page: 1430 ePublished: 17 October 2023 Issue Published: October 2023 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2023 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...