tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Primer of Psychology and Mental Disease. For Use in Training Schools for Attendants and Nurses and in Medical Classes, and as a Ready Reference for the Practitioner.
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cost-effectiveness and the Management of Pharyngitis
Authors: Robert B. McFarland
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Recent increases in the number and complexity of articles on how to treat sore throat<sup>1,2</sup>lead to a state of confusion that cries out for simplification. In 1965, physicians in Boulder, Colo, began a throat culture program in the schools that lasted three years. We were inspired by Becker and colleagues<sup>3</sup>in Casper, Wyo. Streptococcal infections diminished rapidly in Boulder without the sort of citywide effort that these workers described. We have had very few cases of rheumatic fever since 1975, but in 1980 a 40-year-old man died of streptococcal septicemia after a two-day illness, but without having had a sore throat. In 1982, a 49-year-old man with rheumatoid arthritis developed a productive cough and was treated with erythromycin. When he developed a severe sore throat and purpura, antibiotic therapy was stopped and steroid therapy was expanded, because the Stevens-Johnson syndrome was suspected. He died
Positive Correlation Between Pancreatic DNA Damage and Species Specificity in Response to &lt;italic&gt;N&lt;/italic&gt;-Nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN4"&gt;4&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Joanne Zurlo, Daniel S. Longnecker
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1983)

N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine (BOP), a potent pancreatic carcinogen in hamsters that has failed to induce pancreatic tumors in rats, was studied for its effects on the DNA of both rat and hamster pancreas in order to relate DNA damage (as measured by alkaline elution) to carcinogenicity in vivo. At doses of 10, 20, and 40 mg BOP/kg, extensive DNA damage was detected in male Syrian golden hamster pancreas but Lewis rat pancreatic DNA was not affected. Only at doses of 100 mg BOP/kg or greater could pancreatic DNA damage in the rat be detected. DNA damage was also observed in both rat and hamster livers at 10, 20, and 40 mg BOP/kg. Alkaline elution analysis of DNA from isolated rat and hamster acinar cells treated in vitro with BOP revealed that only hamster acinar cell DNA was damaged. Rat acinar cell DNA was unaffected at all doses examined, up to 200 μg BOP/ml medium. Unscheduled DNA synthesis studies in cultured acinar cells confirmed the observations that BOP is genotoxic to hamster but not to rat acinar cells. The results strongly suggested that rat pancreas did not have the ability to metabolically activate BOP, which accounted for lack of both BOP-induced DNA damage and carcinogenicity in the rat.
&lt;italic&gt;In Vitro&lt;/italic&gt; Malignant Transformation of Cells Derived From Mouse Prostate in the Presence of 3-Methylcholanthrene&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: T. T. Chen, Charles Heidelberger
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1969)

Cell lines derived from adult C3H mouse ventral prostate were treated in vitro with various levels of methylcholanthrene. The treated cells formed randomly oriented, piled-up colonies of transformed cells heavily stained with Giemsa, whereas the control cells remained as monolayers and were lightly stained. The control cells rapidly reached a saturation density and did not grow further, whereas the transformed cells continued to grow in a multilayer and did not reach a saturation density. The control cells were susceptible to and the transformed cells were resistant to the toxicity of methylcholanthrene. Both sublines were aneuploid. When 106 control cells were injected subcutaneously into irradiated mice, they produced no tumors, whereas the transformed cells produced a 100% incidence of fibrosarcomas in unconditioned mice with as few as 1,000 cells. Thus malignant transformation was achieved in vitro with methylcholanthrene in this system under conditions where there had been no spontaneous malignant transformation.
Medical Schools in the United States
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Fellowships, Grants, Awards
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1992)

Fellowships, Grants, Awards Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 84, Issue 20, 21 October 1992, Pages 1607–1608, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/84.20.1607 Published: 21 October 1992
Genomic characterisation of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Acinetobacter baumannii in two intensive care units in Hanoi, Viet Nam: a prospective observational cohort study
Authors: Leah W Roberts, Le Thi Hoi, Fahad A Khokhar, Nguyen Thi Hoa, Tran Van Giang, Cuong Bui, Tran Hai Ninh, Dao Xuan Co, Nguyen Gia Binh, Hoang Bao Long, Dang Thi Huong, James E Bryan, Archie Herrick, Theresa Feltwell, Behzad Nadjm, H Rogier van Doorn, Julian Parkhill, Nguyen Vu Trung, Nguyen Van Kinh, Zamin Iqbal, M Estée Török
Journal: The Lancet Microbe (2022)
Home monitoring in interstitial lung diseases
Authors: Marlies S Wijsenbeek, Catharina C Moor, Kerri A Johannson, Peter D Jackson, Yet H Khor, Yasuhiro Kondoh, Sujeet K Rajan, Gabriela C Tabaj, Brenda E Varela, Pieter van der Wal, Richard N van Zyl-Smit, Michael Kreuter, Toby M Maher
Journal: The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (2022)
The impact of sexual violence in mid-adolescence on mental health: a UK population-based longitudinal study
Authors: Francesca Bentivegna, Praveetha Patalay
Journal: The Lancet Psychiatry (2022)

A large gender gap appears in internalising mental health conditions during adolescence, with higher rates in girls than boys. There is little high-quality longitudinal population-based research investigating the role of sexual violence experiences, which are disproportionately experienced by girls. We aimed to estimate the effects of sexual violence experienced in mid-adolescence on mental health outcomes. In this study, we used data from the longitudinal UK Millennium Cohort Study, a large nationally representative cohort of children born in the UK in 2000-02, for participants with information available at age 17 years on sexual violence in the past year (eg, sexual assault or unwelcome sexual approach), mental health outcomes (eg, completion of the Kessler Psychological Distress K6 scale in the past 30 days, self-harm in the past year, and lifetime attempted suicide). Multivariable confounder adjusted regressions and propensity matching approaches were used, and population attributable fractions (PAFs) were calculated. We included 5119 girls and 4852 boys (8063 [80·8%] of whom were White) in the full analysis sample. In the fully adjusted model, compared with no sexual violence, sexual violence was associated with greater mean psychological distress in girls (mean difference 2·09 [95% CI 1·51-2·68]) and boys (2·56 [1·59-3·53]), higher risk of high psychological distress in girls (risk ratio [RR] 1·65 [95% CI 1·37-2·00]) and boys (1·55 [1·00-2·40]), higher risk of self-harm in girls (RR 1·79 [1·52-2·10]) and boys (RR 2·16 [1·63-2·84]), and higher risk of attempted suicide in girls (RR 1·75 [1·26-2·41]) and boys (RR 2·73 [1·59-4·67]). PAF estimates suggest that, in a hypothetical scenario with no sexual violence, the prevalence of adverse mental health outcomes at age 17 years would be 3·7-10·5% lower in boys and 14·0-18·7% lower in girls than the prevalence in this cohort. Reductions in sexual violence via policy and societal changes would benefit the mental health of adolescents and might contribute to narrowing the gender gap in internalising mental ill health. Clinicians and others working to support adolescents should be aware that sexual violence has a widespread, gendered nature and an impact on mental health. UK Medical Research Council.
Peroral endoscopic myotomy versus pneumatic dilation in treatment-naive patients with achalasia: 5-year follow-up of a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Thijs Kuipers, Fraukje A Ponds, Paul Fockens, Barbara A J Bastiaansen, Aaltje Lei, Renske A B Oude Nijhuis, Horst Neuhaus, Torsten Beyna, Jennis Kandler, Thomas Frieling, Philip W Y Chiu, Justin C Y Wu, Vivien W Y Wong, Guido Costamagna, Pietro Familiari, Peter J Kahrilas, John E Pandolfino, André J P M Smout, Albert J Bredenoord
Journal: The Lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology (2022)
Cardiopulmonary capacity and muscle strength in transgender women on long-term gender-affirming hormone therapy: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Leonardo Azevedo Mobilia Alvares, Marcelo Rodrigues Santos, Francis Ribeiro Souza, Lívia Marcela Santos, Berenice Bilharinho de Mendonça, Elaine Maria Frade Costa, Maria Janieire Nazaré Nunes Alves, Sorahia Domenice
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2022)

For transgender women (TW) on oestrogen therapy, the effects of prior exposure to testosterone during puberty on their performance, mainly cardiopulmonary capacity (CPC), while exerting physical effort are unknown. Our objective was to evaluate CPC and muscle strength in TW undergoing long-term gender-affirming hormone therapy.A cross-sectional study was carried out with 15 TW (34.2±5.2 years old), 13 cisgender men (CM) and 14 cisgender women (CW). The TW received hormone therapy for 14.4±3.5 years. Bioimpedance, the hand grip test and cardiopulmonary exercise testing on a treadmill with an incremental effort were performed.The mean VO2peak (L/min) was 2606±416.9 in TW, 2167±408.8 in CW and 3358±436.3 in CM (TW vs CW, p<0.05; TW vs CM, p<0.0001; CW vs CM, p<0.0001). The O2 pulse in TW was between that in CW and CM (TW vs CW, p<0.05, TW vs CM, p<0.0001). There was a high correlation between VO2peak and fat-free mass/height2 among TW (r=0.7388; p<0.01), which was not observed in the other groups. The mean strength (kg) was 35.3±5.4 in TW, 29.7±3.6 in CW and 48.4±6.7 in CM (TW vs CW, p<0.05; TW vs CM, p<0.0001).CPC in non-athlete TW showed an intermediate pattern between that in CW and CM. The mean strength and VO2 peak in non-athlete TW while performing physical exertion were higher than those in non-athlete CW and lower than those in CM.
Former rugby players may be 15 times as likely to develop motor neuron disease, study finds
Authors: Elisabeth Mahase
Journal: BMJ (2022)

An acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (AEIPF) is a potentially fatal complication of an already debilitating disease. Management is currently centred on delivering excellent supportive care and identifying reversible triggers. Despite growing international awareness and collaboration, no effective therapies have been identified. Corticosteroids are often the mainstay of treatment; however, the evidence base for their use is poor. Here, we review our current understanding of the disease process and how to manage it, with a focus on the role of corticosteroid therapy.
<i>Bifidobacterium</i> spp. and their metabolite lactate protect against acute pancreatitis via inhibition of pancreatic and systemic inflammatory responses
Authors: Han Li, Jinyan Xie, Xiuliu Guo, Guilian Yang, Bin Cai, Jingtianyi Liu, Mengjia Yue, Yixin Tang, Gan Wang, Shuxian Chen, Jialin Guo, Xuchen Qi, Donghai Wang, Huijun Zheng, Wei Liu, Hong Yu, Chunfeng Wang, Shu Jeffrey Zhu, Feng Guo
Journal: Gut Microbes (2022)

Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is a critical illness characterized by a severe systemic inflammatory response resulting in persistent multiple organ failure and sepsis. The intestinal microbiome is increasingly appreciated to play a crucial role in modulation of AP disease outcome, but limited information is available about the identity and mechanism of action for specific commensal bacteria involved in AP-associated inflammation. Here we show that Bifidobacteria, particularly B. animalis, can protect against AP by regulating pancreatic and systemic inflammation in germ-free (GF) and oral antibiotic-treated (Abx) mouse models. Colonization by B. animalis and administration of its metabolite lactate protected Abx and GF mice from AP by reducing serum amylase concentration, ameliorating pancreatic lesions and improving survival rate after retrograde injection of sodium taurocholate. B. animalis relieved macrophage-associated local and systemic inflammation of AP in a TLR4/MyD88- and NLRP3/Caspase1-dependent manner through its metabolite lactate. Supporting our findings from the mouse study, clinical AP patients exhibited a decreased fecal abundance of Bifidobacteria that was inversely correlated with the severity of systemic inflammatory responses. These results may shed light on the heterogeneity of clinical outcomes and drive the development of more efficacious therapeutic interventions for AP, and potentially for other inflammatory disorders.
Crosstalk between CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cells and Airway Smooth Muscle in Pediatric Obesity-related Asthma
Authors: Changsuek Yon, David A. Thompson, Joseph A. Jude, Reynold A. Panettieri, Deepa Rastogi
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2022)

Rationale: Pediatric obesity-related asthma is a nonatopic asthma phenotype with high disease burden and few effective therapies. RhoGTPase upregulation in peripheral blood T helper (Th) cells is associated with the phenotype, but the mechanisms that underlie this association are not known. Objectives: To investigate the mechanisms by which upregulation of CDC42 (Cell Division Cycle 42), a RhoGTPase, in Th cells is associated with airway smooth muscle (ASM) biology. Methods: Chemotaxis of obese asthma and healthy-weight asthma Th cells, and their adhesion to obese and healthy-weight nonasthmatic ASM, was investigated. Transcriptomics and proteomics were used to determine the differential effect of obese and healthy-weight asthma Th cell adhesion to obese or healthy-weight ASM biology. Measurements and Main Results: Chemotaxis of obese asthma Th cells with CDC42 upregulation was resistant to CDC42 inhibition. Obese asthma Th cells were more adherent to obese ASM compared with healthy-weight asthma Th cells to healthy-weight ASM. Compared with coculture with healthy-weight ASM, obese asthma Th cell coculture with obese ASM was positively enriched for genes and proteins involved in actin cytoskeleton organization, transmembrane receptor protein kinase signaling, and cell mitosis, and negatively enriched for extracellular matrix organization. Targeted gene evaluation revealed upregulation of IFNG, TNF (tumor necrosis factor), and Cluster of Differentiation 247 (CD247) among Th cell genes, and of Ak strain transforming (AKT), Ras homolog family member A (RHOA), and CD38, with downregulation of PRKCA (Protein kinase C-alpha), among smooth muscle genes. Conclusions: Obese asthma Th cells have uninhibited chemotaxis and are more adherent to obese ASM, which is associated with upregulation of genes and proteins associated with smooth muscle proliferation and reciprocal nonatopic Th cell activation.
Shared Interspecies Antigenic Reactivities Among Hamster and Feline Oncoviruses&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn4"&gt;4&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Lois B. Jerabek, James H. Gilbert, F. Kingsley Sanders, William D. Hardy, Jr.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1981)

Group-reactive antisera against the major internal protein p30 of the hamster sarcoma virus (HaSV) showed interspecies reactivity in immunodiffusion even with sera of low titer against HaSV. Antisera were prepared by sc injection of virus into male New Zealand White rabbits. The cross-reactivity between interspecies antigens of feline and hamster RNA tumor viruses was stronger than between either virus with murine leukemia virus. Molecular hybridization data, obtained from nucleic acid hybridization between the viral RNA's and complementary DNA's of murine and feline oncovirus origin, were consistent with the immunologic results. The implications of these observations were discussed.
New Directions for an Urban Hospital
Authors: Stanley S. Bergen
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Many urban hospital centers are faced with a growing demand for community oriented programs and consumer participation. Often these demands require that the hospital enlarge the scope of its services beyond inpatient care to include such missions as ambulatory-care delivery systems, preventive care, and programs in narcotics addiction and lead poisoning. The experience of one urban hospital center in responding to these demands is described. The establishment of new programs in ambulatory care, narcotics addiction, and the training of allied health professionals is discussed, as are the problems and benefits associated with consumer participation in the health care decision-making process.
The Operative Story of Cleft Palate.
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
New Computer Revolutionizes Writing
Authors: J. S. Gravenstein
Journal: JAMA (1968)

The following is the first report on a new computer, called Hyperbroca, which is capable of translating one English style into another. This unit will affect all writing, in science as well as in fiction. I shall present a brief history of the computer's development, a sample of what the machine can do, and a preview of the changes it might bring and the problems it might produce. Late in 1958 the directors of the Association of University Authors (AUA) appointed a committee of seven to "study the difficulties inherent in and detracting from multiple author texts (MATs)." Each member of this committee had not only published the required 110 papers, but had also contributed to at least four MATs. Three years later the committee made its report. A single dissenting member wrote a minority report, which merely stated that no inherent difficulties exist with MATs and that careful selection
Handbuch der Chemotherapie
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Endoscopy International Open – recently published
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

See also: Technical advances in endoscopic ultrasound-guided fiducial placement for the treatment of pancreatic cancerEndosc Int Open 2015; 3(04): E373-E377DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1392274 See also: A single-center United States experience with bleeding Dieulafoy lesions of the small bowel: diagnosis and treatment with single-balloon enteroscopyEndosc Int Open 2015; 3(04): E339-E345DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1391901 See also: Circumferential distribution and location of Mallory-Weiss tears: recent trendsEndosc Int Open 2015; 03(05): E418-E424DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1392367