tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Increasing Pneumococcal Vaccination Rates Among Patients of a National Health-Care Alliance—United States, 1993
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common cause of bacterial pneumonia worldwide and a leading cause of sepsis and meningitis. In the United States, an estimated 40,000 persons die each year from pneumococcal infections. Since 1983, 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines have been licensed in the United States and are 56%-57% effective in preventing invasive pneumococcal disease. However, the 1993 National Health Interview Survey documented that < or = 28% of persons in high-risk categories, including all persons aged > or = 65 years, reported ever having received the vaccine. During 1993-1994, VHA Inc. (Irving, Texas)--a national health-care alliance serving approximately 1200 health-care organizations nationwide (including 21% of all community hospitals in the United States)--initiated efforts to improve pneumococcal vaccine delivery to and coverage among patients at increased risk for complications of pneumococcal infection. This report summarizes the program and an evaluation of its effectiveness in increasing vaccine coverage.
Smoking Behavior, Recreational Activities, and Attitudes Toward Smoking: Study of Schoolchildren
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Ethical Priorities
Authors: Samuel Vaisrub
Journal: JAMA (1974)

"I agree with what you say, but will defend to the death my right not to let you say it." Such in substance—if not in exact utterance—is the enjoinder of the Council of Biology Editors<sup>1</sup>to the editors of biological and medical journals who are faced with the dilemma of publishing or rejecting manuscripts based on "unethically" conducted investigations. Publication would be tantamount to condoning unethical practices. Rejection, on the other hand, could only serve as a needed deterrent to repeated offences. In a recent editorial,<sup>2</sup>R. J. Levine, editor of<i>Clinical Research</i>, questions the wisdom of the Council's directive. Blanket rejection of an unethically conducted, yet scientifically valid study, may deprive us of valuable information, which otherwise could be obtained with difficulty, if at all; nor does rejection of the paper ensure against its future publication in another more "permissive" journal. A more sensible approach, Levine suggests,
TRUTH AND POETRY CONCERNING URIC ACID. II.
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Phase (Ph) I evaluation of the dolastatin analogue synthadotin (SYN-D; ILX651): Pooled data analysis of three alternate schedules in patients (pts) with advanced solid tumors
Authors: L. A. Hammond, F. Ruvuna, C. C. Cunningham, S. Ebbinghaus, E. Rubin, A. Mita, E. Hersh, J. P. Eder, J. Weiss, E. K. Rowinsky
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

3068 Background: SYN-D is a pentapeptide with a unique mechanism of action that potentially differs from microtubule stabilizers (taxanes and epothilones) and tubulin inhibitors (vinca alkaloids and other dolastatins) as it is postulated to inhibit microtubule nucleation. SYN-D has been chemically modified to improve pharmacological properties and is orally bioavailable with a therapeutic window potentially enhanced over previous generations of dolastatins. Methods: Three Ph I studies were conducted to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) and pharmacokinetics of SYN-D when given for 30-mins IV q3wk on d 1–5 (A1, 36 pts) and d 1, 3, 5 (A2, 32 pts) or q4wk on d 1, 8, 15 (A3, 30 pts). Cohorts of 1–6 pts were treated at the following dose ranges (mg/m2): A1 2.3–36.3; A2 3.9–45.7; A3 7.8–62.2. Pooled baseline pt characteristics (n=93): M/F=47/46; ECOG 0/1/2= 23/57/13; median age=59; mean # cycles=2.8 (1–17). Results: The MTD (mg/m2/d)/dose intensity (DI) (mg/m2/wk) were: A1 27.3/45.5; A2 34.4/34.4; and A3 46.8/35.1. The DLT (all 3 schedules) was neutropenia (Nu). Overall, Nu was predictable (d 15), self-limited and occurred in 36% of pts. Other noted toxicities: fatigue 46%; N/V 40%/30%; anorexia 25%; and diarrhea 24%. Peripheral neuropathy, non-cumulative, was noted in only 6% of pts (G1–2). Risk factor analysis revealed that duration on study (mean # days) was longer for pts who had Nu (G1–4, 76–96) versus those who did not (53) and that neither prior platinum nor age (≤60/>60) predisposed pts to Nu. One pt (A1) with melanoma with liver/bone metastases experienced a CR for >1 year. One pt (A3) with NSCLC, previously treated with paclitaxel and docetaxel, had 47% tumor decrease for 5 months. Another 24 pts had SD distributed as follows: A1 31%, A2 31%, A3 16% (4/25). The mean days on study for responders (CR/MR/SD) and non-responders (PD) was 133 and 40, respectively. Conclusions: Schedule A1, which maximizes DI without compromising safety, is under evaluation in the Ph II setting in melanoma and NCSLC and is planned in prostate and in an opportunistic tumor study design. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration ILEX Products, Inc., an affiliate of ILEX Oncology ILEX Products, Inc., an affiliate of ILEX Oncology ILEX Oncology, Inc. ILEX Products, Inc., an affiliate of ILEX Oncology ILEX Products, Inc. ILEX Products, Inc., an affiliate of ILEX Oncology ILEX Products, Inc., an affiliate of ILEX Oncology
Lithium Poisoning
Authors: MOGENS SCHOU, AMDI AMDISEN, JENS TRAP-JENSEN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1968)

The increasing use of lithium in the treatment of manic-depressive disorder raises the risk of poisoning, either by mismanagement of treatment or by accident. The authors report on the prodromes, clinical pictures, and outcomes of eight cases of lithium poisoning in Denmark and present their conclusions concerning prevention and therapy.
Promotion of Lung Tumors in Mice
Authors: H. P. Witschi
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

Several elements of two-stage carcinogenesis apply to the development of lung tumors in Strain A or Swiss-Webster mice. At least three agents which have been identified as promoters in skin, urinary bladder and liver will also enhance tumor formation in lung; phorbol, saccharin and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). The antioxidant BHT acts in many respects like a typical promoting agent: it is effective if animals are treated after exposure to an initiating agent, but not if they are treated beforehand. Administration of BHT can be delayed up to 5 months after urethan treatment and still enhance tumor formation. BHT enhances lung tumor formation regardless of its route of administration (IP injection, gavage, or ingestion in the diet). The lowest dose of BHT required to produce an effect has not yet been determined. In at least one mouse strain, BHT also enhances tumor formation in animals initiated with 3-methylcholanthrene or dimethylnitrosamine. On the other hand, no evidence is available yet to show that BHT would enhance tumor development in animals treated with subcarcinogenic doses of an initiating compound. Nor has it been possible to produce more tumors with BHT in mouse strains which have a low spontaneous tumor incidence and respond poorly to urethan. The question has not been resolved whether BHT accelerates growth of preformed tumors only or whether it induces the formation of more tumors. Nevertheless, the data collected on the effects of BHT on mouse lung tumor development have broadened the concept of two-stage carcinogenesis and complement the evidence for initiation- promotion available for other epithelial tissues such as liver, colon, stomach, trachea, urinary bladder and mammary gland.
The effect of a school entry law on mumps activity in a school district
Authors: B. P. Chaiken
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Sixty-three cases of clinical mumps occurring in a New Jersey school district presented an opportunity to determine compliance with the state's 1978 mumps "new entrants" school immunization law, investigate the effect of the law on the pattern of the outbreak, estimate the efficacy of mumps vaccine, and quantitate the economic impact of the outbreak. Only students in kindergarten (K) through grade 5 would have been affected by the immunization law. Students in the sixth grade were nearly seven times more likely to develop mumps than students in grades K through 5. The observed differences between the sixth graders and those in grades K through 5 most likely reflect the fact that sixth graders were not covered by the school law. Vaccine efficacy was estimated to be 91% (95% confidence interval = 77% to 93%). The total direct cost of the outbreak was $10937 (clinic costs plus total cost to households). This outbreak demonstrates the significant impact of appropriate school vaccination laws on limiting the morbidity and economic and social costs of mumps. (<i>JAMA</i>1987;257:2455-2458)
Abstract A86: PTEN-Long and gemcitabine combination treatment as a therapeutic for pancreatic cancer
Authors: Roshan Ara Ahmed, Benjamin Hopkins, Carmine Palermo, Steve A. Sastra, Zachary Rapp, Ramon Parsons, Kenneth P. Olive
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract This abstract is also being presented as a short talk in Session 8: Clinical Science Trials. A full abstract is printed in the Proffered Abstracts section (PR14) of the Conference Proceedings. Citation Format: Roshan Ara Ahmed, Benjamin Hopkins, Carmine Palermo, Steve A. Sastra, Zachary Rapp, Ramon Parsons, Kenneth P. Olive. PTEN-Long and gemcitabine combination treatment as a therapeutic for pancreatic cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer: Innovations in Research and Treatment; May 18-21, 2014; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(13 Suppl):Abstract nr A86.
OP0261 7-Year Tolerability Profile of Glucocorticoids Use in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis: Data from The Espoir Cohort
Authors: C. Roubille, N. Rincheval, M. Dougados, R.-M. Flipo, J.-P. Daures, B. Combe
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

<h3>Objectives</h3> To explore the 7-year tolerability profile of glucocorticoids (GC) use in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). <h3>Methods</h3> Six-hundred and two RA patients from the early arthritis ESPOIR cohort (less than 6 months disease duration) were included. They were stratified in two groups, based on whether they received or not GC treatment during their follow-up. The group “with GC” comprised RA patients who took a systemic GC therapy at least once during their entire follow-up, while the control group “without GC” included RA patients who had never taken GC. The main outcome was a composite of death, cardiovascular diseases (including myocardial ischemia, cerebrovascular accident and heart failure), severe infections and fractures. We used Cox proportional-hazard model, adjusting for confounding factors and propensity score (Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting). <h3>Results</h3> Among the 602 RA patients (476 women, mean age of 48 ± 12 years), the group “with GC” included 386 patients (64.1%) and the group “without GC” comprised 216 patients. RA patients in the group “with GC” received low dose prednisone treatment during their follow-up (mean dosage 3.1 mg/day ±2.9), most of them starting GC during the first six months (n=263, 68.1%). Compared to patients “without GC”, RA patients “with GC” significantly received more DMARDs and biological agents, more NSAIDs, and were more frequently diabetics and smokers. Additionally, RA patients “with GC” suffered from a more active disease, with significantly higher DAS-28 CRP and HAQ scores, and higher CRP and ACPA levels. Among a total of 65 events (7 deaths, 14 cardiovascular diseases, 19 severe infections and 25 fractures), 21 (9.72%) occurred in the “without GC group”, and 44 (11.4%) in the “with GC group”. No significant difference was found between groups in univariate analysis (p=0.520). However, a trend toward more infections was evidenced in RA patients “with GC” (p=0.09). Propensity score included baseline HAQ, and DAS-28 CRP scores, baseline ACPA level, history of diabetes and baseline modified Sharp score. Cox model adjusted on propensity score, age, gender, and history of hypertension, showed no significant difference between groups (p=0.628). <h3>Conclusions</h3> This 7-year data analysis of the ESPOIR cohort did not show any significant difference with regards to major safety events in RA patients exposed to GC treatment compared to RA patients who had never received GC. These data support the good safety profile of short term low-dose GC therapy in early RA. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
THE INTERCOMMUNICABILITY OF HUMAN AND BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS.
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Learning from Death: A Hospital Mortality Reduction Programme
Authors: John Wright, Bob Dugdale, Ian Hammond, Brian Jarman, Maria Neary, Duncan Newton, Chris Patterson, Lynne Russon, Philip Stanley, Rose Stephens, Erica Warren
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2006)

There are wide variations in hospital mortality. Much of this variation remains unexplained and may reflect quality of care.A large acute hospital in an urban district in the North of England.Before and after evaluation of a hospital mortality reduction programme.Audit of hospital deaths to inform an evidence-based approach to identify processes of care to target for the hospital strategy. Establishment of a hospital mortality reduction group with senior leadership and support to ensure the alignment of the hospital departments to achieve a common goal. Robust measurement and regular feedback of hospital deaths using statistical process control charts and summaries of death certificates and routine hospital data. Whole system working across a health community to provide appropriate end of life care. Training and awareness in processes of high quality care such as clinical observation, medication safety and infection control.Hospital standardized mortality ratios fell significantly in the 3 years following the start of the programme from 94.6 (95% confidence interval 89.4, 99.9) in 2001 to 77.5 (95% CI 73.1, 82.1) in 2005. This translates as 905 fewer hospital deaths than expected during the period 2002-2005.Improving the safety of hospital care and reducing hospital deaths provides a clear and well supported goal from clinicians, managers and patients. Good leadership, good information, a quality improvement strategy based on good local evidence and a community-wide approach may be effective in improving the quality of processes of care sufficiently to reduce hospital mortality.
Leads from the MMWR. Gonorrhea--United States, 1983
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Report of the Committee for the Assessment of Biometric Aspects of Controlled Trials of Hypoglycemic Agents
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases, Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinases, and Extracellular Matrix mRNA Following Exposure to Mineral Fibers and Cigarette Smoke in Vivo
Authors: Yasuo Morimoto, Tohru Tsuda, Hiromi Nakamura, Hajime Hori, Hiroshi Yamato, Nobuhiko Nagata, Toshiaki Higashi, Masamitsu Kido, Isamu Tanaka
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)
Prophylaxis of Tuberculosis in Factories.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Highlights
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2016)

After a cancer diagnosis, are patients and their physicians on the same page regarding prognosis?Gramling et al, in a cross-sectional study of 236 patients with advanced cancers and their clinicians, found that the majority of patient-physician pairs experienced discordance in their opinions about outcome.Among patients whose ideas about their prognosis were discordant from their clinician, most did not know that their physician disagreed about the prognosis.Also, patients were nearly always more optimistic than their oncologists.These data underscore the need for better and more frequent communication concerning prognosis in the advanced-stage disease setting.Robinson and Jagsi provide an Editorial.
New directions for an urban hospital
Authors: S. S. Bergen
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Many urban hospital centers are faced with a growing demand for community oriented programs and consumer participation. Often these demands require that the hospital enlarge the scope of its services beyond inpatient care to include such missions as ambulatory-care delivery systems, preventive care, and programs in narcotics addiction and lead poisoning. The experience of one urban hospital center in responding to these demands is described. The establishment of new programs in ambulatory care, narcotics addiction, and the training of allied health professionals is discussed, as are the problems and benefits associated with consumer participation in the health care decision-making process.