tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3735: An anti-tumor immune response is evoked by partial-volume single dose radiation
Authors: Adriana Haimovitz-Friedman, Johnn Humm, Joseph O. Deasy, Jedd Wolchok, Taha Merghoub, James Russell, Hongyan Li, Robert Samstein, Sadna Budhu, Simon Powell, Chloe Bodden, Ela Markovsky, Qing Chen
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Purpose: To study tumor growth delay resulting from partial irradiation in preclinical mouse models. Methods and Materials: We investigated 67NR murine orthotopic breast tumors in both immunocompetent and nude mice. Treatment was delivered to 50% or 100% of the tumor using a 2x2 cm collimator on a micro-irradiator. Radiation response was modulated by treating with anti-CD8 and anti-ICAM antibodies. Similar experiments were performed using the less immunogenic Lewis Lung Carcinoma (LLC) mouse model. Tumor growth delay and γH2AX phosphorylation were measured and immune response was assessed by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry at 1 and 7 days post-radiotherapy (RT). Tumor expression of cellular adhesion molecules was also measured at different times post-RT. Results: Partial irradiation led to tumor responses similar to fully exposed tumors in immunocompetent mice, but not in nude mice. After a single dose of 10Gy, infiltration of CD8+ T cells was observed, along with increased expression of ICAM. The response to 10Gy in hemi-irradiated tumors was abrogated by treatment with either anti-CD8 or anti-ICAM antibodies. Similar responses were obtained in the less immunogenic LLC mouse model delivering 15Gy to half the tumor volume. Treatment with FTY720, a compound that inhibits T cell egress from lymph nodes, did not affect tumor response at the time of CD8+ T cells infiltration in the non-irradiated area of the tumor, indicating that the most likely source of these cells is the irradiated portion of the hemi-irradiated tumors. In addition, a significant abscopal effect was observed after partial irradiation with a single dose of 10Gy in the 67NR model. Conclusions: In these models, radiation controls tumor growth both directly through cell killing and indirectly through immune activation. This raises the possibility that this effect could be induced in the clinic. Citation Format: Adriana Haimovitz-Friedman, Johnn Humm, Joseph O. Deasy, Jedd Wolchok, Taha Merghoub, James Russell, Hongyan Li, Robert Samstein, Sadna Budhu, Simon Powell, Chloe Bodden, Ela Markovsky, Qing Chen. An anti-tumor immune response is evoked by partial-volume single dose radiation [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3735.
Ovarian cancer. Effective treatment after alkylating-agent failure
Authors: S. E. Vogl
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Combination chemotherapy consisting of hexamethylmelamine and cisplatin, alone or with doxorubicin hydrochloride, was given to 27 patients with advanced ovarian cancer who had disease progression with therapy including alkylating agents. Eighteen (67%) had greater than 50% regression of measurable disease or disease that could be evaluated but not measured, for a projected median duration of seven months. The projected median survival for all patients is nine months from the time of entry into the study and 33 months from the time of diagnosis of ovarian cancer. The treatment could be readily administered on an outpatient basis with a regimen of hydration and diuresis that nearly completely prevented platinum-induced renal tubular damage. Myelosuppression was severe in 11 patients (40%), but there were no treatment-related deaths. Agents of such high activity should be considered as components of initial therapy for stage III and IV cancers. (<i>JAMA</i>241:1908-1911, 1979)
Information accumulating on how brain 'hears'
Authors: C. Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1989)

NEW INFORMATION about the way the brain "hears," that is, how it processes the signals it receives from the inner ear, is accumulating from research at the Center for Hearing Sciences. Learning how the auditory nerves process the information they receive from the external auditory system has important implications for understanding brain function as well as hearing. "When you talk about hearing, you're really talking about the brain, and expanding our knowledge of this process has broad implications for treating sensory disorders," says Murray B. Sachs, PhD, the center's director. Humans' ability to hear allows them to detect the slightest sound in a hushed forest yet also to converse in a noisy subway. "We can process sounds over a range of intensities of about 100 million million (trillion) to 1, yet virtually over this entire range, speech is perfectly intelligible. We can detect frequency changes as small as 0.01%. Indeed,
Management of a Nerve Patient.
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Midline Echoencephalography Used With Psychiatric Patients
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pimping
Authors: Drummond Rennie
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>Editorial Note. —</h3> Although over 40 and brought up in what Dr Brancati calls the "musty corridors of Guy's,"<sup>1</sup>I was so astonished at Dr Beck's unfamiliarity with the word<i>pimping</i>that I decided to print his letter, and I respond only because he takes<i>JAMA</i>to task for missing a "rather obvious misuse of language." Pimping is used by persons in power to put their juniors in place by harassing them with esoteric questions that, if answered, gain neither credit nor relief. The interrogating pumper is interested in answers, the pimper in selfesteem. I first heard the term<i>pimping</i>used in this way 9 years ago in Chicago, at about the time it became popular to use the bullying term to "jerk around": something pimpers are good at. I don't know what pimping, in its modern, medical sense, has to do with "feeble or inconsiderable," but I'd suggest
Mexiletine
Authors: John A. Oates, Alastair J.J. Wood, Ronald W.F. Campbell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

MEXILETINE was originally developed as an anticonvulsant drug. Its antiarrhythmic properties were quickly appreciated, however, and it is for this application that it is becoming available in clinical practice.1 2 3 4 The agent has been approved for use in several countries since 1969. The development and availability of mexiletine have coincided with a marked increase in the understanding of its electrophysiologic, arrhythmogenic, and pharmacokinetic features.StructureMexiletine (l-(2',6'-dimethylphenoxy)-2-aminopropane) is a primary amine with close structural similarities to lidocaine (Fig. 1). It has local anesthetic, anticonvulsant, and antiarrhythmic properties.5 PharmacokineticsMexiletine is almost completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract,6 and the time from . . .
Adolescent Pregnancy
Authors: Paul T. K. Cheng
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Adolescent pregnancy is associated with a variety of individual and societal costs, as the study by Ms Spitz and colleagues<sup>1</sup>notes, and the phenomenon has become an increasingly important element in policy debate. Conservatives and liberals alike are eager to uncover the root causes of adolescent childbirth. We were surprised, therefore, at the study's concluding statement that "95% of adolescent pregnancies are unintended," implying that adolescent pregnancy is accidental. First, we wonder how this 95% figure was obtained. Surveying teens with children about their intent is problematic. Whatever the teen's prepregnancy state of mind, if she has now been hit by the reality of child rearing, her current feeling will likely be that she did not intend these particular consequences. Citing this 95% figure, without questioning further, obscures deeper issues facing American adolescents. Perhaps adolescent childbirth has less to do with sex and contraception and more to do with
Issue Highlights
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Inappropriate shocks due to supraventricular tachycardias (SVT) can adversely affect quality of life in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs).Incorporation of atrial sensing into an ICD algorithm for arrhythmia identification was compared to ventricular sensing alone in a 400-patient randomized trial.SVTs were common in ICD recipients, accounting for more than 40% of arrhythmia episodes and occurring in more than 30% of patients.Atrial sensing did reduce inappropriate ICD classification of SVT as ventricular tachycardia (VT), but more than 30% of SVTs were still misclassified as VT.Inappropriate shocks were not reduced because of differences in programming of antitachycardia pacing among groups.These findings by Friedman et al show that atrial sensing can improve SVT detection, but also support appropriate programming of antitachycardia pacing to avoid ICD shocks.Dual chamber ICDs are a reasonable consideration for patients who have VTs with rates that may overlap with SVTs, even if the atrial lead is not required for pacing.See p 2871.
Error in Byline
Authors: Macaulay Amechi, Chukwukadibia Onuigbo, Peyman Benharash
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2015)

To the Editor Whereas classic teaching highlights reduced infection risk, fewer hospitalizations, and lower total costs associated with hemodialysis (HD) that is initiated via arteriovenous fistula (AVF) vs hemodialysis catheter (HC), and whereas the National Kidney Foundation-Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative 1 first published practice guidelines regarding permanent HD access creation and maintenance in 1997, targeting a 50% or greater incidence rate for AVF, Malas et al 2 have demonstrated in a retrospective analysis of 510 000 patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in the US Renal Data System database that 82.6% of these patients initiated HD via HC, 14.0% via AVF, and 3.4% via arteriovenous graft.Arteriovenous fistula use increased only minimally, from 12.2% in 2006 to 15.0% in 2010. 2 Furthermore, patients initiating HD with AVF had 35% lower mortality than those initiating HD with HC (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.64-0.66;P < .001). 2 As a consequence, survival at 1 year was 78% in the HC group compared with 84% for the arteriovenous graft group and 89% for the AVF group (Wilcoxon P < .001). 2 Arteriovenous fistula use was associated with a 38% lower hazard of cardiovascular mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.61-0.64;P < .001)and with a 44% lower hazard of sepsis-related mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.53-0.59;P < .001). 2 The question therefore arises as to why, despite this evidence in support of AVF use at HD initiation, we in the United States have continued to have very low AVF rates at HD initiation despite the widespread implementation of Fistula-First programs. 1Malas et al 2 had proffered some solutions to this problem, such as targeted pay incentives to enhance early nephrology referrals to surgeons for AVF creation and health insurance policy changes to cover for AVF creation procedures. 2 In 2010, I described, for the first time, the syndrome of rapidonset ESRD. 3 This is an acute-yet-irreversible type of ESRD following episodes of acute kidney injury among patients with chronic kidney disease. 3 Our experience suggests that the syndrome of rapid-onset ESRD could at least partly explain why we are unable to achieve higher AVF rates at HD initiation. 3,4 In a recent 13-year cohort analysis of patients with incident ESRD seen at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, 149 of 1461 patients with ESRD (10.2%) demonstrated the features of the syndrome of rapid-onset ESRD. 4 Furthermore, of these 149 patients, 147 (98.7%) initiated HD with an HC. 4 Perhaps more "renoprevention" measures to reduce the incidence of acute kidney injury may be another solution to the high use of HCs for the care of patients with ESRD in the United States.
Tuberculin Tests: Correction
Journal: BMJ (1947)

not acquired post-natally.Deafness is always more marked during fatigue or illness, because the subject is then unable.to make the extra effort normally needed to overcome his handi- cap.Nothing is at present known which will arrest the pro- gress of the disease.The increase of deafness may be offset by learning to lip-read and by the use of a valve amplifier hearing-aid.Recently fenestration of the labyrinth has been revived; this subject was reviewed in the Journal of Sept. 29, 1945 (p.430).The present-day technique has given much better results in selected cases, though how lasting the improvement will be remains to be seen. Arterial ThrombosisQ.-A man aged 68 was suddenly wakened with severe pain in his left calf; rubbing eased it, but the calf remained tender and painful for about a fortnight.Since then he has had intermittent claudication in the leg after walking some 100 yards, and numbness, and tingling of the foot.X-ray examination
CARRIE: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II study of istiratumab (MM-141) plus nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine versus nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine in front-line metastatic pancreatic cancer
Authors: A.H. Ko, A. Cubillo, M. Kundranda, S.F. Zafar, E. Meiri, J. Bendell, H. Alguel, F. Rivera Herrero, E. Ahn, D. Watkins, U. Pelzer, V. Charu, W. Downing, B. Wang, G. Kuesters, J.M. Pipas, S.L. Santillana, V. Askoxylakis
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2018)
Scepsis Scientifica
Authors: M. H. K. Kane
Journal: BMJ (1948)

simply as Rh,rh, a name which clearly indicates positive reactions with sera anti-rh', anti-Rh,, and anti-hr', and negative reactions with anti-rh".12. No simple unified tables regarding the types and their heredity involving the other proposed systems of notations are available for use.13.The C-D-E and other-proposed notations are not mentioned in most standard laboratory texts, and are therefore unintelligible to the average reader.-I am, etc., New York.
High-dose immunoglobulin replacement therapy by slow subcutaneous infusion during pregnancy
Authors: M. Berger
Journal: JAMA (1982)

The slow, subcutaneous infusion method of immune human serum globulin replacement was used during pregnancy in a woman with common variable immunodeficiency and splenectomy. Since this method allows high doses of immune human serum globulin to be given with little pain or morbidity, as much as 20 mL/day of immune human serum globulin was tolerated, normal serum IgG levels were maintained, and the patient was free from serious infection throughout her pregnancy. The infant also had a normal IgG level at birth and had no evidence of intrauterine infection. This may be a preferable route of immune human serum globulin administration, especially during pregnancy and in other situations where high-dose therapy is advantageous. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;247:2824-2825)
FOXC2 controls formation and maturation of lymphatic collecting vessels through cooperation with NFATc1
Authors: Camilla Norrmén, Konstantin I. Ivanov, Jianpin Cheng, Nadine Zangger, Mauro Delorenzi, Muriel Jaquet, Naoyuki Miura, Pauli Puolakkainen, Valerie Horsley, Junhao Hu, Hellmut G. Augustin, Seppo Ylä-Herttuala, Kari Alitalo, Tatiana V. Petrova
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2009)
Acupuncture
Authors: LAWRENCE N. PARKER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Comments and Correction1 August 1976AcupunctureLAWRENCE N. PARKER, M.D., MARTIN S. MOK, M.D.LAWRENCE N. PARKER, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, MARTIN S. MOK, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-85-2-257 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The essential experimental design in human pain research to evaluate an analgesic method is to (a) select subjects with an objective reason for pain, such as postoperative incisional pain, and then (b) either give a putative pain treatment or a placebo. The recent paper by Drs. Moore and Berk (1) is a serious attempt to do this for acupuncture, but flaws in its design render its conclusions indeterminate.The patients were selected only on the basis of their subjective complaint of shoulder discomfort. In order to minimize psychosomatic reactions to pain and treatment in the subjects, some...References1. MOOREBERK MS: Acupuncture for chronic shoulder pain. Ann Intern Med 84:381-384, 1976 LinkGoogle Scholar2. CHAN P: Finger Acupressure, 3rd ed. Los Angeles, Price, Stern and Sloan, 1975, p. 49 ff Google Scholar3. TANTANVEITH LMI: Acupuncture Therapy: Current Chinese Practice. Philadelphia, Temple University Press, 1973, p. 22 ff Google Scholar4. GAWCHANGSHAW ALL: Efficacy of acupuncture on osteoarthritic pain, N Engl J Med 293:375, 1975 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar1. MOOREBERK MS: Acupuncture for chronic shoulder pain. Ann Intern Med 84:381-384, 1976 LinkGoogle Scholar1. STEINBROCKER O: The painful shoulder, in Arthritis and Allied Conditions, 8th ed., edited by HOLLANDER JL, MCCARTY DJ. Philadelphia, Lee and Febiger, 1972, pp. 1461-1502 Google Scholar2. MELZACK R: The Puzzle of Pain. New York. Basic Books, 1973 Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: LAWRENCE N. PARKER, M.D.; MARTIN S. MOK, M.D.Affiliations: Departments of Medicine and Anesthesiology Harbor General Hospital Torrance, CA 90509 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 August 1976Volume 85, Issue 2Page: 257-258KeywordsAcupunctureAnalgesicsResearch designShoulders ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1976 PDF downloadLoading ...
Reply:
Authors: Gregory T. Everson
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

We thank Dr. Westin and his colleagues for their letter regarding our original paper.1 Westin et al. previously presented data from a European HCV multicenter treatment study2 and herein examined the impact of liver histology and platelet count on rates of sustained virologic response (SVR) in this group of treatment-naïve patients. In the European cohort of 270 patients, 80 had either bridging fibrosis or cirrhosis; 32 of these 80 patients (40%) had cirrhosis defined by Ishak fibrosis scores of 5 or 6. The proportion with cirrhosis was identical to the proportion with cirrhosis in the Hepatitis C Antiviral Long-Term Treatment Against Cirrhosis (HALT-C). However, in the European cohort, only 22% of patients with cirrhosis and 8% of patients with bridging fibrosis had ≤125,000 platelets/μl. In contrast, in the HALT-C cohort 50% of patients with cirrhosis and 15% of patients with bridging fibrosis had ≤125,000 platelets/μl. Nonetheless, the pattern of results in patients with genotype 1 infection is consistent between the 2 reports; worsening severity of liver disease defined by liver histology and platelet count may be a reliable predictor of response to peginterferon/ribavirin therapy. Due to the relatively small sample size, the impact of other predictors of response can not be adequately examined in the European cohort. However, in the large HALT-C Trial cohort (n = 1,046) we were able to adjust or control for the impact of other predictors of response, such as body weight, homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) score, HCV genotype or level, race, prior treatment, and dose reduction or discontinuation. In the HALT-C cohort, patients with either thrombocytopenia or cirrhosis were more likely to experience discontinuation or dose reductions of treatment. By multiple logistic regression, cirrhosis (P < 0.001) and dose reduction (P < 0.04), but not platelet count, were significant independent predictors of virologic response. The negative impact of thrombocytopenia on virologic response was related, at least in part, to higher rates of cytopenias requiring dose reduction or discontinuation. Patients with chronic hepatitis C who have thrombocytopenia or cirrhosis represent a group of patients in critical need of effective antiviral therapy. Unfortunately, these patients are "difficult to treat" and "difficult to cure". Inadequate response to interferon-based treatment may also represent an Achilles' heel to development of regimens using interferon with HCV protease or polymerase inhibitors. Understanding mechanisms of viral resistance may be crucial to development of effective new strategies of treatment to improve virologic responses. Gregory T. Everson M.D., F.A.C.P.*, * University of Colorado School of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO.
Erratum
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2001)

We mistakenly reported a novel location for arthropod tRNA valine between the ND1 and 16S genes.J. Boore (personal communication) noted that our reported valine was structurally flawed and found an acceptable valine in the typical arthropod location between the 16S and 12S ribosomal RNA genes (shown below).This has been corrected in our GenBank submission (bases 2901-2971 in the GenBank submission AF150756).Therefore, we found a total of seven differences from the