tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Smartphone-Based Video Antenatal Preterm Birth Education
Authors: Kathryn E. Flynn, Siobhan M. McDonnell, Ruta Brazauskas, S. Iqbal Ahamed, Jennifer J. McIntosh, Michael B. Pitt, Kris Pizur-Barnekow, U. Olivia Kim, Abbey Kruper, Steven R. Leuthner, Mir A. Basir
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2023)

Preterm birth is a leading cause of infant mortality and child morbidity. Preterm birth is not always unexpected, yet standard prenatal care does not offer anticipatory education to parents at risk of delivering preterm, which leaves parents unprepared to make health care choices during the pregnancy that can improve survival and decrease morbidity in case of preterm birth.To evaluate the effect of the Preemie Prep for Parents (P3) program on maternal knowledge of preterm birth, preparation for decision-making, and anxiety.Recruitment for this randomized clinical trial conducted at a US academic medical center took place from February 3, 2020, to April 12, 2021. A total of 120 pregnant persons with a risk factor for preterm birth were enrolled between 16 and 21 weeks' gestational age and followed up through pregnancy completion.Starting at 18 weeks' gestational age, P3 program participants received links delivered via text message to 51 gestational age-specific short animated videos. Control participants received links to patient education webpages from the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.At 25 weeks' gestation, scores on the Parent Prematurity Knowledge Questionnaire (scored as percent correct), Preparation for Decision Making Scale (scored 0-100), and Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Anxiety computerized adaptive test. Analysis was based on an intention to treat.A total of 120 pregnant participants (mean [SD] age, 32.5 [4.9] years) were included in the study; 60 participants were randomized to each group. Participants in the P3 group scored higher than those in the control group on knowledge of long-term outcomes at 25 weeks (88.5% vs 73.2%; estimated difference, 15.3 percentage points; 95% CI, 8.3-22.5 percentage points; P < .001). Participants in the P3 group reported being significantly more prepared than did participants in the control group for neonatal resuscitation decision-making at 25 weeks (Preparation for Decision Making Scale score, 76.0 vs 52.3; difference, 23.7; 95% CI, 14.1-33.2). There was no difference between the P3 group and the control group in anxiety at 25 weeks (mean [SE] PROMIS Anxiety scores, 53.8 [1.1] vs 54.0 [1.1]; difference, -0.1; 95% CI, -3.2 to 2.9).In this randomized clinical trial, pregnant persons randomly assigned to the P3 program had more knowledge of core competencies and were more prepared to make decisions that affect maternal and infant health, without experiencing worse anxiety. Mobile antenatal preterm birth education may provide a unique benefit to parents with preterm birth risk factors.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04093492.
Outcomes and Treatment Approaches for Super-Refractory Status Epilepticus
Authors: Camilla Dyremose Cornwall, Thomas Krøigård, Joachim Sejr Skovbo Kristensen, Henriette Edemann Callesen, Christoph Patrick Beier
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2023)

Super-refractory status epilepticus (SRSE) is defined as status epilepticus (SE) that continues or recurs 24 hours or more after the onset of anesthetic therapy or recurs on the reduction/withdrawal of anesthesia. Current clinical knowledge of the disease and optimal treatment approach is sparse.
Brentuximab vedotin with AVD for stage II–IV HIV-related Hodgkin lymphoma (AMC 085): phase 2 results from an open-label, single arm, multicentre phase 1/2 trial
Authors: Paul G Rubinstein, Page C Moore, Milan Bimali, Jeanette Y Lee, Michelle A Rudek, Amy Chadburn, Lee Ratner, David H Henry, Ethel Cesarman, Camille E DeMarco, Dominique Costagliola, Yassine Taoufik, Juan Carlos Ramos, Elad Sharon, Erin G Reid, Richard F Ambinder, Ronald Mitsuyasu, Nicolas Mounier, Caroline Besson, Ariela Noy, Stefan K. Barta, Ayad Hamdan, François Boué, Pierre Delobel, Lionel Galicier, Paul Coppo, Hervé Ghesquières
Journal: The Lancet Haematology (2023)
The marriage of immunomodulatory, angiogenic, and osteogenic capabilities in a piezoelectric hydrogel tissue engineering scaffold for military medicine
Authors: Ping Wu, Lin Shen, Hui-Fan Liu, Xiang-Hui Zou, Juan Zhao, Yu Huang, Yu-Fan Zhu, Zhao-Yu Li, Chao Xu, Li-Hua Luo, Zhi-Qiang Luo, Min-Hao Wu, Lin Cai, Xiao-Kun Li, Zhou-Guang Wang
Journal: Military Medical Research (2023)

Most bone-related injuries to grassroots troops are caused by training or accidental injuries. To establish preventive measures to reduce all kinds of trauma and improve the combat effectiveness of grassroots troops, it is imperative to develop new strategies and scaffolds to promote bone regeneration.
Highlights From the Circulation Family of Journals
Authors: Victor Waldmann, Francis Bessière, Kevin Gardey, Mohamed Bakloul, Emre Belli, Damien Bonnet, Anne-Solène Chaussade, Sarah Cohen, Hubert Delasnerie, Nabil Dib, Sylvie Filippo, Arnaud Dulac, Sébastien Hascoët, Roland Henaine, Laurence Iserin, Clément Karsenty, Magalie Ladouceur, Antoine Legendre, Sophie Malekzadeh-Milani, Mostefa Kara, Jelena Radojevic, Miarisoa Ratsimandresy, Eloi Marijon, Alice Maltret, Paul Khairy, Nicolas Combes, Best Uchehara, Lydia Kwee, Jessica Regan, Ranee Chatterjee, Julie Eckstrand, Sue Swope, Gary Gold, Terry Schaack, Pamela Douglas, Prithu Mettu, Francois Haddad, Scarlet Shore, Adrian Hernandez, Kenneth Mahaffey, Neha Pagidipati, Svati Shah, Naman Shetty, Vibhu Parcha, Peter Abdelmessih, Nirav Patel, Ammar Hasnie, Rajat Kalra, Ambarish Pandey, Khadijah Breathett, Alanna Morris, Garima Arora, Pankaj Arora, Lucy Teece, Michael Sweeting, Marlous Hall, Briana Coles, Clare Oliver-Williams, Cathy Welch, Mark De Belder, John Deanfield, Clive Weston, Mark Rutherford, Lizz Paley, Umesh Kadam, Paul Lambert, Michael Peake, Chris Gale, David Adlam, Rehman Habib, ; Haci, Yakup Yakupoglu, Ines Kralj-Hans, Shouvik Haldar, Toufan Bahrami, Jonathan Clague, Anthony De Souza, Wajid Hussain, Julian Jarman, Gareth David, Tushar Jones, Vias Salukhe, Dhiraj Markides, Rajdeep Gupta, Tom Khattar, ; Wong
Journal: Circulation (2023)

The June highlights from the Circulation family of journals span a fascinating range of cardiovascular medicine.The findings of a multicenter study of electrophysiology studies before pulmonic valve replacements in patients with tetralogy of Fallot are described in Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology.The associations of epigenetic aging with a variety of clinical characteristics are reported in Circulation: Genomic and Precision Medicine.Differences in clinical outcomes by sex for left ventricular assist device recipients are reported in Circulation: Heart Failure.The effects of a previous cancer diagnosis on outcomes after acute myocardial infarction are presented in Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes.The association of left atrial function with recurrent atrial fibrillation after ablation is described in Circulation: Cardiovascular Imaging.An observational analysis of percutaneous coronary intervention versus conservative management for spontaneous coronary artery dissection is reported in Circulation: Cardiovascular Interventions.
Predicting Inflammatory Arthritis in At-Risk Persons: Development of Scores for Risk Stratification
Authors: Laurence Duquenne, Elizabeth M. Hensor, Michelle Wilson, Leticia Garcia-Montoya, Jacqueline L. Nam, Jianhua Wu, Kate Harnden, Innocent Chidi Anioke, Andrea Di Matteo, Rahaymin Chowdhury, Navkiran Sidhu, Frederique Ponchel, Kulveer Mankia, Paul Emery
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2023)

Background: Inflammatory arthritis (IA) is an immune-related condition defined by the presence of clinical synovitis. Its most common form is rheumatoid arthritis. Objective: To develop scores for predicting IA in at-risk persons using multidimensional biomarkers. Design: Prospective observational cohort study. Setting: Single-center, Leeds, United Kingdom. Participants: Persons with new musculoskeletal symptoms, a positive test result for anticitrullinated protein antibodies, and no clinical synovitis and followed for 48 weeks or more or until IA occurred. Measurements: A simple score was developed using logistic regression, and a comprehensive score was developed using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox proportional hazards regression. Internal validation with bootstrapping was estimated, and a decision curve analysis was done. Results: Of 455 participants, 32.5% (148 of 455) developed IA, and 15.4% (70 of 455) developed it within 1 year. The simple score identified 249 low-risk participants with a false negative rate of 5% (and 206 high-risk participants with a false-positive rate of 72%). The comprehensive score identified 119 high-risk participants with a false-positive rate of 29% (and 336 low-risk participants with a false-negative rate of 19%); 40% of high-risk participants developed IA within 1 year and 71% within 5 years. Limitations: External validation is required. Recruitment occurred over 13 years, with lower rates of IA in later years. There was geographic variation in laboratory testing and recruitment availability. Conclusion: The simple score identified persons at low risk for IA who were less likely to need secondary care. The comprehensive score identified high-risk persons who could benefit from risk stratification and preventive measures. Both scores may be useful in clinical care and should also be useful in clinical trials. Primary Funding Source: National Institute for Health and Care Research Leeds Biomedical Research Centre.
What Is the Mechanism of the Premature Beats?
Authors: Kinán Rajjoub, Ez-Alddin Rajjoub, Javier Ramos-Jiménez
Journal: Circulation (2023)

…Things are not always what they seem; the first appearance deceives many; the intelligence of a few perceives what has been carefully hidden….-Plato, PhaedrusA 66-year-old man with a history of previous anterior myocardial infarction and complete percutane-ous revascularization attended a routine cardiological follow-up visit.Cardiac auscultation revealed irregular heartbeats without murmurs.The transthoracic echocardiogram showed normal left ventricular ejection fraction without wall motion abnormalities.A 12-lead ECG was performed (Figure 1).What is the arrhythmia mechanism?Please turn the page to read the diagnosis.
SAEM issued 4 strong recommendations (high-certainty evidence) for determining cause of acute vestibular syndrome in the ED
Authors: Jonathan M. Kirschner, Benton R. Hunter
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2023)

Edlow JA, Carpenter C, Akhter M, et al. Guidelines for reasonable and appropriate care in the emergency department 3 (GRACE-3): acute dizziness and vertigo in the emergency department. Acad Emerg Med. 2023;30:442-486. 37166022.
In adults with hypertension, effects of BP-lowering drug monotherapy varied by patient
Authors: KoKo Aung, Thwe Htay
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2023)

ACP Journal ClubAugust 2023In adults with hypertension, effects of BP-lowering drug monotherapy varied by patientKoKo Aung, MD, MPH, Thwe Htay, MDKoKo Aung, MD, MPHPaul L. Foster School of Medicine, El Paso, Texas, USA (K.A., T.H.)Search for more papers by this author, Thwe Htay, MDPaul L. Foster School of Medicine, El Paso, Texas, USA (K.A., T.H.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/J23-0052 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationSundström J, Lind L, Nowrouzi S, et al. Heterogeneity in blood pressure response to 4 antihypertensive drugs: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2023;329:1160-1169. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37039792Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: GIM/FP/GP: Cardiology: References1. Kutumova E, Kiselev I, Sharipov R, et al. Mathematical modeling of antihypertensive therapy. Front Physiol. 2022;13:1070115. [PMID: 36589434] Google Scholar2. Józefczuk E, Guzik TJ, Siedlinski M. Novel biomarkers and emerging tools to identify causal molecular pathways in hypertension and associated cardiovascular diseases. Kardiol Pol. 2023;81:221-231. [PMID: 36739654] Google Scholar3. Hu Y, Huerta J, Cordella N, et al. Personalized hypertension treatment recommendations by a data-driven model. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak. 2023;23:44. [PMID: 36859187] Google Scholar4. Padmanabhan S, Dominiczak AF. Genomics of hypertension: the road to precision medicine. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2021;18:235-250. [PMID: 33219353] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: KoKo Aung, MD, MPH; Thwe Htay, MDAffiliations: Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, El Paso, Texas, USA (K.A., T.H.)Disclosures: The commentators have reported no disclosures of interest. Forms can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=J23-0052.This article was published at Annals.org on 1 August 2023.ACP Journal Club is editorially independent from Annals of Internal Medicine. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics August 2023Volume 176, Issue 8Page: JC87KeywordsAntihypertensive drug therapyBlood pressureDrug therapyDrugsHypertensionPatientsRandomized trialsRenal failureStandard deviationSystolic pressure ePublished: 1 August 2023 Issue Published: August 2023 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2023 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin for Risk Assessment in Patients With Chronic Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Ryan Wereski, Philip Adamson, Nur Shazlin Shek Daud, Michael McDermott, Caelan Taggart, Anda Bularga, Dorien M. Kimenai, Mathew T.H. Lowry, Chris Tuck, Atul Anand, David J. Lowe, Andrew R. Chapman, Nicholas L. Mills
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2023)
GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Therapy With and Without SGLT2 Inhibitors in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: João Sérgio Neves, Marta Borges-Canha, Francisco Vasques-Nóvoa, Jennifer B. Green, Lawrence A. Leiter, Christopher B. Granger, Davide Carvalho, Adelino Leite-Moreira, Adrian F. Hernandez, Stefano Del Prato, John J.V. McMurray, João Pedro Ferreira
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2023)
In uncontrolled T2DM treated with a basal-bolus insulin regimen, weekly icodec was noninferior to daily glargine for HbA<sub>1c</sub> at 26 wk
Authors: Heiba Belal, Gunjan Y. Gandhi
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2023)

Mathieu C, Ásbjörnsdóttir B, Bajaj HS, et al.
Achievement of Guideline-Recommended Targets in Diabetes Care in China
Authors: Victor W. Zhong, Dongmei Yu, Liyun Zhao, Yuxiang Yang, Xiaoguang Li, Yuge Li, Yue Huang, Gangqiang Ding, Hui Wang
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2023)

Background: Nationwide achievement of guideline-recommended diabetes care targets has not been comprehensively assessed in China. Objective: To estimate the proportions of adults with diabetes achieving major clinical risk factor control, body mass index (BMI), lifestyle, and dietary targets specified in the Chinese diabetes guidelines. Design: Nationwide cross-sectional survey. Setting: China, 2015 to 2017. Participants: A national sample of 8401 adults with self-reported diabetes and a subset of 3531 with dietary data. Measurements: The assessed targets included 1) ABC targets (individualized hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c] target; blood pressure [BP] <130/80 mm Hg; and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C] level <2.6 or <1.8 mmol/L [<100 or <70 mg/dL], depending on the presence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease), 2) BMI below 24 kg/m2, 3) lifestyle targets (not currently smoking or drinking, guideline-recommended leisure time activity level, and sleep duration of 7 to 8 hours), and 4) dietary targets (50% to 65% of energy from carbohydrate, 15% to 20% from protein, 20% to 30% from fat, ≥14 g of fiber per 1000 kcal, and <2000 mg of sodium per day). Results: The proportion of adults with self-reported diabetes achieving each ABC target was 64.1% (95% CI, 61.4% to 66.8%) for HbA1c, 22.2% (CI, 20.2% to 24.1%) for BP, and 23.9% (CI, 21.9% to 25.9%) for LDL-C. The proportion achieving a BMI below 24 kg/m2 was 32.2% (CI, 30.3% to 34.2%). The proportion achieving each lifestyle target was 75.8% (CI, 73.9% to 77.7%) for smoking, 66.7% (CI, 64.4% to 69.1%) for drinking, 17.9% (CI, 15.8% to 20.1%) for leisure time activity, and 52.0% (CI, 49.6% to 54.3%) for sleep duration. The proportion achieving each dietary target was 39.1% (CI, 36.0% to 42.2%) for carbohydrate, 20.1% (CI, 16.9% to 23.3%) for protein, 20.5% (CI, 17.6% to 23.4%) for fat, 9.0% (CI, 7.0% to 10.9%) for sodium, and 2.5% (CI, 1.3% to 3.6%) for fiber. Only 4.4% (CI, 3.5% to 5.2%) of participants achieved all 3 ABC targets, 5.1% (CI, 4.3% to 6.0%) achieved all 4 lifestyle targets, and 4 participants achieved all 5 dietary targets. Limitations: Self-reported data and age of the data. Conclusion: Achievement of guideline-recommended diabetes care targets in Chinese adults with self-reported diabetes was exceedingly low. The findings highlight the need for immediate national health actions to improve diabetes care. Primary Funding Source: Shanghai Municipal Education Commission, National Key R&D Program of the People's Republic of China, and the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China.
Association Between Age and Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Response to Statins
Authors: Giulia Corn, Mads Melbye, Mark A. Hlatky, Jan Wohlfahrt, Marie Lund
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2023)

There is large patient-to-patient variability in the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) response to statin treatment. The reduction in LDL-C may depend on the age of the patient treated-particularly in older adults, who have been substantially underrepresented in randomized controlled trials.To investigate the association between age and the LDL-C reduction by statins.Nationwide, register-based cohort study.Denmark, 2008 to 2018.82 958 simvastatin or atorvastatin initiators with LDL-C measurements before and during statin use.Statin response, defined as percentage reduction in prestatin LDL-C level, and percentage reduction differences (PRDs) according to age and simvastatin or atorvastatin dose based on a longitudinal model for LDL-C.Among 82 958 statin initiators, 10 388 (13%) were aged 75 years or older. With low- to moderate-intensity statins, initiators aged 75 years or older had greater mean LDL-C percentage reductions than initiators younger than 50 years-for example, 39.0% versus 33.8% for simvastatin, 20 mg, and 44.2% versus 40.2% for atorvastatin, 20 mg. The adjusted PRD for initiators aged 75 years compared with initiators aged 50 years was 2.62 percentage points. This association was consistent for primary prevention (2.54 percentage points) and secondary prevention (2.32 percentage points) but smaller for initiators of high-intensity statins (atorvastatin, 40 mg: 1.36 percentage points; atorvastatin, 80 mg: -0.58 percentage point).Use of administrative data, observational pre-post comparison with a moderately high proportion of missing data, lack of information on body mass index, and the mainly White study population may limit generalizability.Low- to moderate-intensity statins were associated with a greater reduction in LDL-C levels in older persons than younger persons and may be more appealing as initial treatment in older adults who are at increased risk for adverse events.The Independent Research Fund Denmark, Brødrene Hartmanns Fond, and Fonden til Lægevidenskabens Fremme.
Management of Worsening Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction
Authors: Stephen J. Greene, Johann Bauersachs, Jasper J. Brugts, Justin A. Ezekowitz, Gerasimos Filippatos, Finn Gustafsson, Carolyn S.P. Lam, Lars H. Lund, Robert J. Mentz, Burkert Pieske, Piotr Ponikowski, Michele Senni, Natalie Skopicki, Adriaan A. Voors, Faiez Zannad, Shelley Zieroth, Javed Butler
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2023)

Despite worsening heart failure (HF) being extremely common, expensive, and associated with substantial risk of death, there remain no dedicated clinical practice guidelines for the specific management of these patients. The lack of a management guideline is despite a rapidly evolving evidence-base, as a number of recent clinical trials have demonstrated multiple therapies to be safe and efficacious in this high-risk population. Herein, we propose a framework for treating worsening HF with reduced ejection fraction with the sense of urgency it deserves. This includes treating congestion; managing precipitants; and establishing a foundation of rapid-sequence, simultaneous, and/or in-hospital initiation of quadruple medical therapy for HF with reduced ejection fraction, with the top priority being at least low doses of all 4 medications. Moreover, to maximally reduce residual clinical risk, we further propose consideration of upfront simultaneous use of vericiguat (ie, quintuple medical therapy) and administration of intravenous iron for those who are iron deficient.
Gender Disparity in Citations and Altmetric Attention Scores in High-Impact Cardiology Journals
Authors: Kristen N. Brown, Ridhima Goel, Sana Soman, Essaq Khan, Lina Ya’Qoub, Vinicius Calsavara, Dee Dee Wang, Poonam Velagapudi, Roxana Mehran, Martha Gulati
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2023)
Donor T cell STAT3 deficiency enables tissue PD-L1–dependent prevention of graft-versus-host disease while preserving graft-versus-leukemia activity
Authors: Qinjian Li, Xiaoqi Wang, Qingxiao Song, Shijie Yang, Xiwei Wu, Dongyun Yang, Isabelle J. Marié, Hanjun Qin, Moqian Zheng, Ubaydah Nasri, Xiaohui Kong, Bixin Wang, Elizabeth Lizhar, Kaniel Cassady, Josh Tompkins, David Levy, Paul J. Martin, Xi Zhang, Defu Zeng
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2023)

STAT3 deficiency (STAT3-/-) in donor T cells prevents graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), but the impact on graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) activity and mechanisms of GVHD prevention remains unclear. Here, using murine models of GVHD, we show that STAT3-/- donor T cells induced only mild reversible acute GVHD while preserving GVL effects against nonsusceptible acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells in a donor T cell dose-dependent manner. GVHD prevention depended on programmed death ligand 1/programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-L1/PD-1) signaling. In GVHD target tissues, STAT3 deficiency amplified PD-L1/PD-1 inhibition of glutathione (GSH)/Myc pathways that regulate metabolic reprogramming in activated T cells, with decreased glycolytic and mitochondrial ATP production and increased mitochondrial ROS production and dysfunction, leading to tissue-specific deletion of host-reactive T cells and prevention of GVHD. Mitochondrial STAT3 deficiency alone did not reduce GSH expression or prevent GVHD. In lymphoid tissues, the lack of host-tissue PD-L1 interaction with PD-1 reduced the inhibition of the GSH/Myc pathway despite reduced GSH production caused by STAT3 deficiency and allowed donor T cell functions that mediate GVL activity. Therefore, STAT3 deficiency in donor T cells augments PD-1 signaling-mediated inhibition of GSH/Myc pathways and augments dysfunction of T cells in GVHD target tissues while sparing T cells in lymphoid tissues, leading to prevention of GVHD while preserving GVL effects.