tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Personality Disorders
Authors: John M. Oldham
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Personality disorders are estimated to occur in at least 10% of the population. They can be major sources of long-term disability, and they frequently exist in conjunction with other major psychiatric disorders or with general medical conditions. Not infrequently, patients with personality disorders seek help from primary care physicians for physical complaints, rather than seeking psychiatric help. When a personality disorder is present, treatment of other coexisting psychiatric or medical conditions is frequently more complicated, lengthier, or less successful, a pattern that may at times be due to lack of recognition of the personality disorder. When a personality disorder is diagnosed, more effective treatment may be prescribed, particularly in light of improved treatment strategies for these conditions. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1994;272:1770-1776)
Dipyridamole in Treatment Of Angina Pectoris
Authors: Arthur Shapiro
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Negative results may often be more important than positive ones, but a failure to find significant differences in a positive direction is not necessarily a negative result. The paper by Sbar and Schlant, is an interesting case in point. The value of this study is seriously weakened by the small number of patients and by absence of crossover between patients on placebo and active drug. Since no patient was used as his own control in any drug-placebo comparison, failure to attain levels of significance might well be due to small sample size and large variability in each test group as much as to the weakness of the therapeutic effect of the drug. For all of the measures used, comparison of mean values during the drug and placebo trimesters is an inappropriate test for the presence or absence of long-term effects since it gives equal weight to differences
Medical Audit by Clinical Rounds
Authors: Alex Richman, Henry Pinsker
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1974)

The authors describe a system of medical care evaluation (or audit) that is an alternative to systems requiring extensive electronic data processing and is of practical use on psychiatric services. Nonphysician reviewers abstract data on preselected topics from hospital records of current or recently discharged patients. Audit findings are then discussed in meetings that include all levels and disciplines of hospital staff, with a focus on patterns of care rather than individual cases. Specific recommendations resulting from these discussions can help achieve the goal of improving the quality of care.
COUNCIL ON FOODS AND NUTRITION
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Glomus Jugulare Tumor
Authors: Raffaele Lattes
Journal: JAMA (1969)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> I agree with the comments by Dr. Raymond Schiffman. The term "glomus jugulare tumor" (or nonchromaffin paraganglioma of glomus jugulare; or chemodectoma of glomus jugulare) obviously cannot apply to histologically similar tumors which do not arise from the normal structure which bears that name. The normal glomus jugulare is found either below or in the floor of the middle ear, in association with the bulb of the jugular vein. Tumors of this type arising in the ganglion nodosum should be called "nonchromaffin paraganglioma of the ganglion nodosum" or of the paraganglion intravagale. The writer of the X-RAY SEMINAR misquoted my article of 1950.
The Immunopathogenesis of Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Diseases
Authors: Warren Strober
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>OVERVIEW OF THE MUCOSAL IMMUNE SYSTEM</h3> THE MUCOSAL immune system is composed of lymphoid organs that interface with the various mucosal surfaces. As such it displays a number of features that differentiate it from other parts of the immune system and that allow it to cope more effectively with the complex antigenic environment of the mucosa.<sup>1,2</sup>One unique feature is the tendency of cells originating in the mucosal follicles (such as Peyer's patches) to migrate to the diffuse lymphoid tissue underlying the epithelium of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, the lungs, the reproductive tract, and the lactating mammary gland. Such mucosa-specific "homing" is a mechanism for concentrating cells induced by mucosal antigens in mucosal areas. Another unique feature of the mucosal immune system relates to the fact that B cells in mucosal follicles tend to differentiate into cells that produce IgA immunoglobulin, ie, an immunoglobulin particularly suited to mucosal function.
Reiter's Syndrome
Authors: George A. Farber
Journal: JAMA (1967)

REITER'S SYNDROME or the oculourethral synovial syndrome is usually characterized by the presence of arthritis, conjunctivitis, and urethritis. Other fairly common manifestations include diarrhea and the presence of skin lesions. Myocarditis, pericarditis, and neuritis have been less frequently reported.<sup>1-4</sup> The disease occurs most commonly in young white men and follows a variable course marked by spontaneous remissions and exacerbations. In some patients the disease process may be mild, clearing completely within three or four months. Other patients, however, may be acutely and severely ill. Permanent joint damage may occur and the disease may run a protracted course. The etiology of this disease has not been well defined. Although<i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i>, the pleuropneumonia-like organisms, and other microorganisms have been implicated in the etiology, close search has failed to establish any organism as the cause of this disease. Grimble<sup>5</sup>was able, in patients with Reiter's syndrome and rheumatoid spondylitis, to
Nonfatal Sports- and Recreation-Related Injuries Treated in Emergency Departments—United States, July 2000–June 2001
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Each year in the United States, an estimated 30 million children and adolescents participate in organized sports, and approximately 150 million adults participate in some type of nonwork-related physical activity. Engaging in these activities has numerous health benefits but involves a risk for injury. CDC analyzed data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System All Injury Program (NEISS-AIP) to characterize sports- and recreation-related injuries among the U.S. population. This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which indicate that during July 2000-June 2001 an estimated 4.3 million nonfatal sports- and recreation-related injuries were treated in U.S. hospital emergency departments (EDs). Injury rates varied by sex and age and were highest for boys aged 10-14 years. Effective prevention strategies, including those tailored to specific activities and those aimed at children, adolescents, and adults, are needed to reduce sports- and recreation-related injuries in the United States.
It's Always the Big Ones That Should Get Away
Authors: Charles P. Craig
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Ciguatera fish poisoning is one of the most common of the fish-related intoxications.<sup>1</sup>In general, fish poisons derive from three sources. One source has natural, endogenous toxicity such as that found in puffer fish, a delicacy of Japan. Another toxin comes from products of early decomposition of fish tissue, such as that induced by<i>Morganella morganii</i>(substances known as saurine), causing scombroid intoxication. Finally there are those toxins stored within fish tissues, such as ciguatera toxin and the agent of shellfish poisoning.<sup>2</sup>Others have classified toxins by their anatomic site, such as the following: ichthyosarcotoxins in muscle, skin, and viscera; ichthyoototoxins in gonads; and ichthyohemotoxins in blood.<sup>3</sup> The first reference to ciguatera appears to be that by Peter Martyr in 1555. The name of the disease derives from the Spanish for a disease brought on by ingesting a poisonous snail called the cigua. The toxin of ciguatera
Triad of Markers for Identifying Children at High Risk of Developing Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Fredda Ginsberg-Fellner
Journal: JAMA (1985)

A longitudinal investigation was conducted from 1977 to 1984 on 178 families in which one or more of the children had insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Of 351 nondiabetic sibs followed up for an average of 54 months, ten have, thus far, become diabetic. Eight sibs were HLA identical to their diabetic proband and nine had HLA-DR3 and/or HLA-DR4. Islet cell surface antibody and islet cell cytoplasmic antibody were found from two to 74 months before the onset of clinical diabetes in 100% and 90%, respectively, of the children. A decrease in insulin secretion was observed in all of these children on entry into the study and was detected in the absence of elevated plasma glucose concentrations. The data suggest that the triad of HLA identity, pancreatic islet cell antibodies, and depressed insulin secretion identifies those sibs who are at high risk of developing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. (<i>JAMA</i>1985;254:1469-1472)
Manual of Bacteriology and Pathology for Nurses.
Journal: JAMA (1913)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Oxacillin-Induced Hepatic Dysfunction
Authors: William E. Dismukes
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Symptomatic hepatic dysfunction may develop as a complication of oxacillin sodium therapy. Three patients, all receiving oxacillin intravenously, developed fever or nausea and vomiting or all three and had abnormal liver function tests. The primary abnormality in each case was an elevated serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase level (SGOT peak values, 360 to 600 units/ml). On discontinuation of the oxacillin therapy, there was rapid reversal of both the symptoms and the elevated SGOT level. The clinical and laboratory data in these cases, taken together with the overall rarity of this complication and limited data from previous studies, support a hypersensitivity reaction as the most likely pathogenesis of oxacillin-induced liver injury.
Evaluation of Daily Student Performance
Authors: John P. Colmore
Journal: JAMA (1966)

During the years 1952 to 1961, the Department of Medicine's Outpatient Teaching Clinic at the University of Oklahoma Medical Center undertook an evaluation of student performance. The structure both of the curriculum and of the outpatient clinic itself should be enlarged upon in order to provide an understanding of the setting in which this evaluation took place. Just prior to this era, the general screening clinic and the Internal Medicine Clinic and its various subspecialty clinics were amalgamated into a single clinic known as the Medicine Clinic. Almost without exception, new ambulatory adult patients were sent to this clinic. (Otherwise healthy prenatal patients constituted the largest group of patients not routinely seen first in the Medicine Clinic.) These patients were subjected to a detailed history and physical examination by the senior medical students assigned to the clinic and the findings were then reviewed and discussed with a member of the
Food Analysis: Typical Methods and the Interpretation of Results
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Medical Help for Developing Nations
Authors: Richard H. Sandler
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The Journalis to be commended for the focus on international health given in the Jan 27 issue. Dr Lundberg<sup>1</sup>was right to point out in his editorial that "there is a great mass of medically underserved human beings in need of care." He concludes his comments with the thought that "it is time for the United States to export physicians" to developing nations.<sup>1</sup> There is no question that intelligent and committed Western physicians have much to offer in developing nations. However, despite the best of intentions, more harm than good can result if one lacks the proper perspective. Medical training in the United States is directed toward technology-intensive diagnosis and treatment of individual patients with acute or chronic disease, while the most pressing health problems in developing nations are usually best approached through preventive public health measures and simple treatments. For example, according to
Modulated expression of transient outward current in cultured neonatal rat ventricular myocytes: comparison with development in situ
Authors: W. Guo, K. Kamiya, J. Toyama
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1996)

Objectives: Developmental changes of cardiac ion channels have been characterized in freshly isolated mammalian heart cells. To investigate the regulatory factors of postnatal development in transient outward current (Ito) in cardiomyocytes, the modulated expression of Ito was studied in cultured neonatal rat ventricular cells. These changes in vitro were compared with those in situ in acutely isolated ventricular myocytes.Methods: Ventricular cells were enzymatically isolated from day-old Wistar rats and cultured under various growth conditions from day 6 to 15. Whole-cell patch-clamp recording was used to study the functional expression of Ito.Results: During development in situ from 5- to 15-day-old stages, Ito density was doubled at day 15 with a significant increase in membrane capacitance (Cm) of the myocytes. Some cells were incubated in serum-rich medium from day 6 to 15 during primary culture, revealing marked increases in both Cm and Ito density at day 15. However, no developmental changes in the Cm and Ito density were observed in serum-free medium. Under the serum-free condition, neither the addition of acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) nor basic FGF (bFGF) to culture medium influenced the Cm. aFGF (10–60 ng/ml) failed to stimulate Ito expression. 72-h treatment with bFGF significantly promoted the Ito density in a concentration-dependent manner; nevertheless, prolonged administration from day 6 to 15 did not induce a further increase, resulting in lower Ito density than in age-matched freshly isolated and serum-treated preparations. The increase in Ito in cultured cells induced by serum and bFGF may be attributable to paralleling changes in the ionic selectivity of the channel, but was not caused by changes in the voltage-dependence of steady-state Ito activation and inactivation.Conclusions: bFGF and some other unknown serum factors may play important roles in the postnatal expression of Ito in neonatal cardiomyocytes. The developmental increase in Ito and postnatal cell hypertrophy of neonatal cardiomyocytes can be regulated independently.
Cancer of the Urogenital Tract: Kidney
Authors: Philip Rubin
Journal: JAMA (1968)

The misnomer of "hypernephroma" for renal carcinoma originated historically and identifies the controversial and confusing nature of this tumor. The earliest literature describes this tumor as a medullary sarcoma of the kidney<sup>1</sup>and so-called lipoma.<sup>2</sup>Renal carcinoma was thought to arise from adrenal rests in the kidney, and its early recognition in the upper pole of the kidney led to the name of hypernephroma. The proper nomenclature would be "adenocarcinoma of the kidney," but a variety of terms have been introduced because of differences in microscopic appearance: (1)<i>cell type</i>related to the clearness or granularity of the cytoplasm, ie, clear or granular cells; (2)<i>cell morphology</i>, ie, its state of differentiation or anaplasia; and (3)<i>cell arrangement</i>, ie, medullary, tubular, cystic, papillary. However, the differences in prognosis ascribed to these histologic appearances and various authors' attempts to relate the clinical course to a specific cell type have
Detection of Monoclonal Antibodies for Tumor Diagnosis With the Use of Inhibition of Micro-Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Darlene V. Katz
 4, David Chia, Mark Hermes, Jane Galton, Masaki Hirota, Paul I. Terasaki
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1985)

A micro-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test and an ELISA inhibition test were developed and used to detect 4 monoclonal antibodies potentially useful for serodiagnosis of cancer. The 4 antibodies used in conjunction detected 73% of 71 sera from cancer patients and 8% of 42 sera from normal persons. Separately, the 4 antibodies reacted to tumors from various sites such as lung, breast, colon, stomach, and ovary. The ELISA inhibition assay may be useful for detecting culture supernatants reactive against tumor-associated serum antigens. Eventually, a panel of monoclonal antibodies detecting various tumors may be obtainable.
Two Gastric Ulcers Adjacent to a Mass
Authors: Raymond A. Berke
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Dr. Larry J. Severson: This 68-year-old woman was in relatively good health, except for rheumatoid arthritis, until approximately two months before admission. At that time she began to notice abdominal pains which were described as being sharp, intermittent, and nonradiating. She did find that the pain was relieved by certain bland foods. At the time of admission, she was having some midepigastric pain. The results of the physical examination were essentially normal; there was no palpable abdominal mass. Laboratory data were nonspecific, with the exception of a hematocrit value of 26% and a reticulocyte count of 2.2%. At this point, she had an upper-gastrointestinal tract examination (Figure). <h3>Discussion</h3> Dr. Laurence L. Robbins: Dr. Dreyfuss, what do you think? Dr. Jack R. Dreyfuss: Was the patient taking salicylates? Dr. Severson: She was taking them intermittently for the past two months. Dr. Dreyfuss: She seems to have two ulcers located on the
Malignant Lymphoma Related to HIV Infection in Italy: A Report of 46 Cases
Authors: Umberto Tirelli
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) of Burkitt's type is one of the earliest recognized manifestations of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).<sup>1</sup>Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of high-grade histology or of central nervous system origin occurring in seropositive patients are diagnostic of AIDS, according to the Centers for Disease Control definition,<sup>2</sup>even in the absence of opportunistic infections or Kaposi's sarcoma. Three large series<sup>3-5</sup>of AIDS-related NHLs, comprising 90, 30, and 27 patients, respectively, have been reported from the United States, with only sporadic cases being reported from Europe.<sup>6-8</sup>Most NHLs present with extranodal involvement and are correlated with a short survival time. <h3>Study.—</h3> Since November 1985, a cooperative study group has been established in Aviano and Turin, Italy, and is looking at the incidence and types of malignant lymphoma in persons at high risk for AIDS in Italy. In this country, 56% of the 617 total cases of
Boswell's Clap
Authors: William B. Ober
Journal: JAMA (1970)

That gonorrhea is an infectious venereal disease is known to physician and layman alike, but the history of a patient who, between the ages of 20 and 50 years contracts no fewer than 12 new gonorrheal infections, suggests a compelling psychogenic factor to explain his repeated exposures to sources of infection. The suggestion is reinforced when we learn that the patient was a man of good family, sound education, a practicing lawyer, possessed of literary talent, and on terms of familiar intercourse with some of the most notable public figures of his day. Such was the case of James Boswell (1740-1795), long known chiefly as Samuel Johnson's friend and biographer, but now, since the discovery and publication of his private papers, a literary figure in his own right. The discovery of the Boswell papers at Malahide Castle near Dublin and at Fettercairn House in Scotland; their acquisition by Lt Col
Industrial Bladder Cancer: A Progress Report and Some Unanswered Questions
Authors: Kelvin H. Ferber
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1969)

In nearly 75 years since the discovery of exogenous bladder cancer, considerable progress has been made in control of the hazard to industrial workers and in knowledge of the etiology of the disease. Definitive tests for bladder carcinogenicity and early preclinical evidence of potentiation and hyperplasia await more precise knowledge of the carcinogenic process at the cellular and organelle levels.