tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Association of Prenatal and Postnatal Exposures to Warm or Cold Air Temperatures With Lung Function in Young Infants
Authors: Ariane Guilbert, Ian Hough, Emie Seyve, Matthieu Rolland, Joane Quentin, Rémy Slama, Sarah Lyon-Caen, Itai Kloog, Sam Bayat, Valérie Siroux, Johanna Lepeule
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Importance Little is known about long-term associations of early-life exposure to extreme temperatures with child health and lung function. Objectives To investigate the association of prenatal and postnatal heat or cold exposure with newborn lung function and identify windows of susceptibility. Design, Setting, and Participants This population-based cohort study (SEPAGES) recruited pregnant women in France between July 8, 2014, and July 24, 2017. Data on temperature exposure, lung function, and covariates were available from 343 mother-child dyads. Data analysis was performed from January 1, 2021, to December 31, 2021. Exposures Mean, SD, minimum, and maximum temperatures at the mother-child’s residence, estimated using a state-of-the-art spatiotemporally resolved model. Main Outcomes and Measures Outcome measures were tidal breathing analysis and nitrogen multiple-breath washout test measured at 2 months of age. Adjusted associations between both long-term (35 gestational weeks and first 4 weeks after delivery) and short-term (7 days before lung function test) exposure to ambient temperature and newborn lung function were analyzed using distributed lag nonlinear models. Results A total of 343 mother-child pairs were included in the analyses (median [IQR] maternal age at conception, 32 [30.0-35.2] years; 183 [53%] male newborns). A total of 246 mothers and/or fathers (72%) held at least a master’s degree. Among the 160 female newborns (47%), long-term heat exposure (95th vs 50th percentile of mean temperature) was associated with decreased functional residual capacity (−39.7 mL; 95% CI, −68.6 to −10.7 mL for 24 °C vs 12 °C at gestational weeks 20-35 and weeks 0-4 after delivery) and increased respiratory rate (28.0/min; 95% CI, 4.2-51.9/min for 24 °C vs 12 °C at gestational weeks 14-35 and weeks 0-1 after delivery). Long-term cold exposure (5th vs 50th percentile of mean temperature) was associated with lower functional residual capacity (−21.9 mL; 95% CI, −42.4 to −1.3 mL for 1 °C vs 12 °C at gestational weeks 15-29), lower tidal volume (−23.8 mL; 95% CI, −43.1 to −4.4 mL for 1 °C vs 12 °C at gestational weeks 14-35 and weeks 0-4 after delivery), and increased respiratory rate (45.5/min; 95% CI, 10.1-81.0/min for 1 °C vs 12 °C at gestational weeks 6-35 and weeks 0-1 after delivery) in female newborns as well. No consistent association was observed for male newborns or short-term exposure to cold or heat. Conclusions and Relevance In this cohort study, long-term heat and cold exposure from the second trimester until 4 weeks after birth was associated with newborn lung volumes, especially among female newborns.
Activation of epithelial and inflammatory pathways in adolescent elite athletes exposed to intense exercise and air pollution
Authors: Janne Goossens, Anne-Charlotte Jonckheere, Sven F Seys, Ellen Dilissen, Tatjana Decaesteker, Camille Goossens, Koen Peers, Vincent Vanbelle, Jeroen Stappers, Sven Aertgeerts, Barbara De Wilde, Jasmine Leus, Sophie Verelst, Marc Raes, Lieven Dupont, Dominique M Bullens
Journal: Thorax (2023)

Rationale Participation in high-intensity exercise in early life might act as stressor to the airway barrier. Objectives To investigate the effect of intense exercise and associated exposure to air pollution on the airway barrier in adolescent elite athletes compared with healthy controls and to study exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) in this population. Methods Early-career elite athletes attending ‘Flemish-Elite-Sports-Schools’ (12–18 years) of 4 different sport disciplines (n=90) and control subjects (n=25) were recruited. Presence of EIB was tested by the eucapnic voluntary hyperventilation (EVH) test. Markers at mRNA and protein level; RNA-sequencing; carbon load in airway macrophages were studied on induced sputum samples. Results 444 genes were differentially expressed in sputum from athletes compared with controls, which were related to inflammation and epithelial cell damage and sputum samples of athletes contained significantly more carbon loaded airway macrophages compared with controls (24%, 95% CI 20% to 36%, p&lt;0.0004). Athletes had significantly higher substance P (13.3 pg/mL, 95% CI 2.0 to 19.2) and calprotectin (1237 ng/mL, 95% CI 531 to 2490) levels as well as IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α mRNA levels compared with controls (p&lt;0.05). The incidence of EIB in athletes was 9%. The maximal fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (%) after EVH test in athletes was significantly associated with prior PM 10 and PM 2.5 exposure. Conclusion Early-career elite athletes showed increased markers of air pollution exposure, epithelial damage and airway inflammation compared with controls. Acute exposure to increased air pollution PM 10 levels was linked to increased airway hyper-reactivity. Trial registration number NCT03587675 .
Airport smoking zones as a potential public health hazard- Correspondence
Authors: Ravinder Singh, Manjinder Singh, Varinder Singh, Pratima Kumari, Hitesh Chopra, None Priyanka, Om Prakash Choudhary
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

Singh, Ravindera; Singh, Manjindera; Singh, Varindera; Kumari, Pratimaa; Chopra, Hitesha; Priyanka, b; Choudhary, Om Prakash PhDc, Author Information
Large-Scale Identification of Known and Novel RRNPP Quorum-Sensing Systems by RRNPP_Detector Captures Novel Features of Bacterial, Plasmidic, and Viral Coevolution
Authors: Charles Bernard, Yanyan Li, Philippe Lopez, Eric Bapteste
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2023)

Abstract Gram-positive Firmicutes bacteria and their mobile genetic elements (plasmids and bacteriophages) encode peptide-based quorum-sensing systems (QSSs) that orchestrate behavioral transitions as a function of population densities. In their simplest form, termed “RRNPP”, these QSSs are composed of two adjacent genes: a communication propeptide and its cognate intracellular receptor. RRNPP QSSs notably regulate social/competitive behaviors such as virulence or biofilm formation in bacteria, conjugation in plasmids, or lysogeny in temperate bacteriophages. However, the genetic diversity and the prevalence of these communication systems, together with the breadth of behaviors they control, remain largely underappreciated. To better assess the impact of density dependency on microbial community dynamics and evolution, we developed the RRNPP_detector software, which predicts known and novel RRNPP QSSs in chromosomes, plasmids, and bacteriophages of Firmicutes. Applying RRNPP_detector against available complete genomes of viruses and Firmicutes, we identified a rich repertoire of RRNPP QSSs from 11 already known subfamilies and 21 novel high-confidence candidate subfamilies distributed across a vast diversity of taxa. The analysis of high-confidence RRNPP subfamilies notably revealed 14 subfamilies shared between chromosomes/plasmids/phages, 181 plasmids and 82 phages encoding multiple communication systems, phage-encoded QSSs predicted to dynamically modulate bacterial behaviors, and 196 candidate biosynthetic gene clusters under density-dependent regulation. Overall, our work enhances the field of quorum-sensing research and reveals novel insights into the coevolution of gram-positive bacteria and their mobile genetic elements.
<i>TMEM232</i> promotes the inflammatory response in atopic dermatitis via the nuclear factor-κB and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signalling pathways
Authors: Jie Han, Xinying Cai, Shichun Qin, Zengyunou Zhang, Yuanyuan Wu, Yuanzhe Shi, Tingyue Deng, Benjin Chen, Li Liu, Haisheng Qian, Wenliang Fang, Fengli Xiao
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2023)

Our group previously found that the transmembrane protein 232 (TMEM232) gene was associated with atopic dermatitis (AD) by genome-wide association study and fine mapping study. However, its function is unclear so far.To investigate the roles and mechanisms of TMEM232 in AD.The expression of TMEM232 was investigated in skin lesions of patients with AD, the MC903-induced AD mouse model, human primary keratinocytes and immortalized human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT) cells stimulated with different inflammatory factors. The role of TMEM232 in AD was analysed in HaCaT cells and Tmem232 knockout (Tmem232-/-) mice. Tmem232-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to evaluate its therapeutic potential in the AD mouse model.The expression of TMEM232 was significantly increased in skin lesions of patients with AD, the MC903-induced AD mouse model and human primary keratinocytes and HaCaT cells stimulated with different inflammatory factors compared with controls. In the presence of MC903, Tmem232-/- mice exhibited significantly reduced dermatitis severity, mast-cell infiltration in the back, and expression of T-helper (Th)1 and Th2-related inflammatory factors in skin tissue compared with wild-type mice. In vitro and in vivo experiments further showed that upregulation of TMEM232 in AD exacerbated the inflammation response through activating the pathway of nuclear factor-κB and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3, and was regulated by the interleukin-4/STAT6 axis, which formed a self-amplifying loop. Finally, topical application of Tmem232 siRNA markedly ameliorated AD-like lesions in the AD model.This study is the first to outline the function of TMEM232. It is involved in regulating inflammation in AD and may be a potential target for AD treatment.
Therapy-related MDS dissected based on primary disease and treatment—a nationwide perspective
Authors: Daniel Moreno Berggren, Hege Garelius, Petter Willner Hjelm, Lars Nilsson, Bengt Rasmussen, Caroline E. Weibull, Mats Lambe, Sören Lehmann, Eva Hellström-Lindberg, Martin Jädersten, Elisabeth Ejerblad
Journal: Leukemia (2023)

Abstract In this population-based study, we aimed to characterize and compare subgroups of therapy-related Myelodysplastic syndromes (t-MDS) and define the implications of type of previous treatment and primary disease. We combined data from MDS patients, diagnosed between 2009 and 2017 ( n = 2705), in the nationwide Swedish MDS register, with several health registers. Furthermore, using matched population controls, we investigated the prevalence of antecedent malignancies in MDS patients in comparison with the general population. This first ever nationwide study on t-MDS confirms a shorter median survival for t-MDS compared to de novo MDS (15.8 months vs 31.1 months, p &lt; 0.001). T-MDS patients previously treated with radiation only had disease characteristics with a striking resemblance to de novo-MDS, in sharp contrast to patients treated with chemotherapy who had a significantly higher risk profile. IPSS-R and the WHO classification differentiated t-MDS into different risk groups. As compared with controls, MDS patients had a six-fold increased prevalence of a previous hematological malignancy but only a 34% increased prevalence of a previous solid tumor. T-MDS patients with a previous hematological malignancy had a dismal prognosis, due both to mortality related to their primary disease and to high-risk MDS.
Machine Learning–Based Prediction of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Sleep Problems With Wearable Data in Children
Authors: Won-Pyo Kim, Hyun-Jin Kim, Seung Pil Pack, Jae-Hyun Lim, Chul-Hyun Cho, Heon-Jeong Lee
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Importance Early detection of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and sleep problems is paramount for children’s mental health. Interview-based diagnostic approaches have drawbacks, necessitating the development of an evaluation method that uses digital phenotypes in daily life. Objective To evaluate the predictive performance of machine learning (ML) models by setting the data obtained from personal digital devices comprising training features (ie, wearable data) and diagnostic results of ADHD and sleep problems by the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia Present and Lifetime Version for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (K-SADS) as a prediction class from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Design, Setting, and Participants In this diagnostic study, wearable data and K-SADS data were collected at 21 sites in the US in the ABCD study (release 3.0, November 2, 2020, analyzed October 11, 2021). Screening data from 6571 patients and 21 days of wearable data from 5725 patients collected at the 2-year follow-up were used, and circadian rhythm–based features were generated for each participant. A total of 12 348 wearable data for ADHD and 39 160 for sleep problems were merged for developing ML models. Main Outcomes and Measures The average performance of the ML models was measured using an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV). In addition, the Shapley Additive Explanations value was used to calculate the importance of features. Results The final population consisted of 79 children with ADHD problems (mean [SD] age, 144.5 [8.1] months; 55 [69.6%] males) vs 1011 controls and 68 with sleep problems (mean [SD] age, 143.5 [7.5] months; 38 [55.9%] males) vs 3346 controls. The ML models showed reasonable predictive performance for ADHD (AUC, 0.798; sensitivity, 0.756; specificity, 0.716; PPV, 0.159; and NPV, 0.976) and sleep problems (AUC, 0.737; sensitivity, 0.743; specificity, 0.632; PPV, 0.036; and NPV, 0.992). Conclusions and Relevance In this diagnostic study, an ML method for early detection or screening using digital phenotypes in children’s daily lives was developed. The results support facilitating early detection in children; however, additional follow-up studies can improve its performance.
Functional effects of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs)
Authors: Meltem Dinleyici, Jana Barbieur, Ener Cagri Dinleyici, Yvan Vandenplas
Journal: Gut Microbes (2023)

Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are the third most important solid component in human milk and act in tandem with other bioactive components. Individual HMO levels and distribution vary greatly between mothers by multiple variables, such as secretor status, race, geographic region, environmental conditions, season, maternal diet, and weight, gestational age and mode of delivery. HMOs improve the gastrointestinal barrier and also promote a bifidobacterium-rich gut microbiome, which protects against infection, strengthens the epithelial barrier, and creates immunomodulatory metabolites. HMOs fulfil a variety of physiologic functions including potential support to the immune system, brain development, and cognitive function. Supplementing infant formula with HMOs is safe and promotes a healthy development of the infant revealing benefits for microbiota composition and infection prevention. Because of limited data comparing the effect of non-human oligosaccharides to HMOs, it is not known if HMOs offer an additional clinical benefit over non-human oligosaccharides. Better knowledge of the factors influencing HMO composition and their functions will help to understand their short- and long-term benefits.
SARAspeech—Feasibility of automated assessment of ataxic speech disturbance
Authors: M. Grobe-Einsler, J. Faber, A. Taheri, J. Kybelka, J. Raue, J. Volkening, F. Helmhold, M. Synofzik, T. Klockgether
Journal: npj Digital Medicine (2023)

Abstract Ataxias are a group of movement disorders that are characterized by progressive loss of balance, impaired coordination and speech disturbance, which together lead to markedly reduced quality of life. Speech disturbance is clinically diagnosed, but methods for objective assessment of severity are lacking. Using 71 sets of speech recordings from ataxia patients, we developed an automated classification system. With a tolerance of ±1 point, this classification system correctly predicted experts’ ratings of speech disturbance according to item 4 of the Scale for Assessment and rating of ataxia (SARA) in 80% of cases. We thereby demonstrate feasibility of computer-assisted voice analysis for automated assessment of severity of speech disturbance.
Overcoming the challenges to implementation of artificial intelligence in pathology
Authors: Jorge S Reis-Filho, Jakob Nikolas Kather
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2023)

Pathologists worldwide are facing remarkable challenges with increasing workloads and lack of time to provide consistently high-quality patient care. The application of artificial intelligence (AI) to digital whole-slide images has the potential of democratizing the access to expert pathology and affordable biomarkers by supporting pathologists in the provision of timely and accurate diagnosis as well as supporting oncologists by directly extracting prognostic and predictive biomarkers from tissue slides. The long-awaited adoption of AI in pathology, however, has not materialized, and the transformation of pathology is happening at a much slower pace than that observed in other fields (eg, radiology). Here, we provide a critical summary of the developments in digital and computational pathology in the last 10 years, outline key hurdles and ways to overcome them, and provide a perspective for AI-supported precision oncology in the future.
Comparative effectiveness of <scp>anti‐IL5</scp> and <scp>anti‐IgE</scp> biologic classes in patients with severe asthma eligible for both
Authors: Paul E. Pfeffer, Nasloon Ali, Ruth Murray, Charlotte Ulrik, Trung N. Tran, Jorge Maspero, Matthew Peters, George C. Christoff, Mohsen Sadatsafavi, Carlos A. Torres‐Duque, Alan Altraja, Lauri Lehtimäki, Nikolaos G. Papadopoulos, Sundeep Salvi, Richard W. Costello, Breda Cushen, Enrico Heffler, Takashi Iwanaga, Mona Al‐Ahmad, Désirée Larenas‐Linnemann, Piotr Kuna, João A. Fonseca, Riyad Al‐Lehebi, Chin Kook Rhee, Luis Perez‐de‐Llano, Diahn‐Warng Perng Steve, Bassam Mahboub, Eileen Wang, Celine Goh, Juntao Lyu, Anthony Newell, Marianna Alacqua, Andrey S. Belevskiy, Mohit Bhutani, Leif Bjermer, Unnur Bjornsdottir, Arnaud Bourdin, Anna von Bulow, John Busby, Giorgio Walter Canonica, Borja G. Cosio, Delbert R. Dorscheid, Mariana Muñoz‐Esquerre, J. Mark FitzGerald, Esther Garcia Gil, Peter G. Gibson, Liam G. Heaney, Mark Hew, Ole Hilberg, Flavia Hoyte, David J. Jackson, Mariko Siyue Koh, Hsin‐Kuo Bruce Ko, Jae Ha Lee, Sverre Lehmann, Cláudia Chaves Loureiro, Dóra Lúðvíksdóttir, Andrew N. Menzies‐Gow, Patrick Mitchell, Andriana I. Papaioannou, Todor A. Popov, Celeste M. Porsbjerg, Laila Salameh, Concetta Sirena, Camille Taillé, Christian Taube, Yuji Tohda, Michael E. Wechsler, David B. Price
Journal: Allergy (2023)

Patients with severe asthma may present with characteristics representing overlapping phenotypes, making them eligible for more than one class of biologic. Our aim was to describe the profile of adult patients with severe asthma eligible for both anti-IgE and anti-IL5/5R and to compare the effectiveness of both classes of treatment in real life.This was a prospective cohort study that included adult patients with severe asthma from 22 countries enrolled into the International Severe Asthma registry (ISAR) who were eligible for both anti-IgE and anti-IL5/5R. The effectiveness of anti-IgE and anti-IL5/5R was compared in a 1:1 matched cohort. Exacerbation rate was the primary effectiveness endpoint. Secondary endpoints included long-term-oral corticosteroid (LTOCS) use, asthma-related emergency room (ER) attendance, and hospital admissions.In the matched analysis (n = 350/group), the mean annualized exacerbation rate decreased by 47.1% in the anti-IL5/5R group and 38.7% in the anti-IgE group. Patients treated with anti-IL5/5R were less likely to experience a future exacerbation (adjusted IRR 0.76; 95% CI 0.64, 0.89; p < 0.001) and experienced a greater reduction in mean LTOCS dose than those treated with anti-IgE (37.44% vs. 20.55% reduction; p = 0.023). There was some evidence to suggest that patients treated with anti-IL5/5R experienced fewer asthma-related hospitalizations (IRR 0.64; 95% CI 0.38, 1.08), but not ER visits (IRR 0.94, 95% CI 0.61, 1.43).In real life, both anti-IgE and anti-IL5/5R improve asthma outcomes in patients eligible for both biologic classes; however, anti-IL5/5R was superior in terms of reducing asthma exacerbations and LTOCS use.
Smart Dual‐Sensor Wound Dressing for Monitoring Cutaneous Wounds
Authors: Bahram Mirani, Zhina Hadisi, Erik Pagan, Seyed Mohammad Hossein Dabiri, Antonia van Rijt, Lama Almutairi, Iman Noshadi, David G. Armstrong, Mohsen Akbari
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Abstract Managing slow‐healing wounds and associated complications is challenging, time‐consuming, and expensive. Systematic collection, analysis, and dissemination of correct wound status data are critical for enhancing healing outcomes and reducing complications. However, traditional data collection approaches are often neither accurate nor user‐friendly and require diverse skill levels, resulting in the collection of inconsistent and unreliable data. As an advancement to the authors' previously developed hydrogel‐based smart wound dressing, here is reported an enhanced integration of drug delivery and sensing (pH and glucose) modules for accelerated treatment and continuous monitoring of cutaneous wounds. In the current study, growth factor delivery modules and an array of colorimetric glucose sensors are incorporated into the dressing to promote wound healing and extend the dressing's utility for diabetic wound treatment. Furthermore, the efficacy of the wound dressing in monitoring infection and supporting wound healing via antibiotic and growth factor delivery is investigated in mice models. The updated dressing reveals excellent healing benefits on non‐infected and infected wounds, as well as real‐time monitoring and early detection of wound infection.
mTORC1 signaling pathway regulates tooth repair
Authors: Honghong Liu, Yu Yue, Zhiyun Xu, Li Guo, Chuan Wu, Da Zhang, Lingfei Luo, Wenming Huang, Hong Chen, Deqin Yang
Journal: International Journal of Oral Science (2023)

Abstract Tooth germ injury can lead to abnormal tooth development and even tooth loss, affecting various aspects of the stomatognathic system including form, function, and appearance. However, the research about tooth germ injury model on cellular and molecule mechanism of tooth germ repair is still very limited. Therefore, it is of great importance for the prevention and treatment of tooth germ injury to study the important mechanism of tooth germ repair by a tooth germ injury model. Here, we constructed a Tg(dlx2b:Dendra2-NTR) transgenic line that labeled tooth germ specifically. Taking advantage of the NTR/Mtz system, the dlx2b + tooth germ cells were depleted by Mtz effectively. The process of tooth germ repair was evaluated by antibody staining, in situ hybridization, EdU staining and alizarin red staining. The severely injured tooth germ was repaired in several days after Mtz treatment was stopped. In the early stage of tooth germ repair, the expression of phosphorylated 4E-BP1 was increased, indicating that mTORC1 is activated. Inhibition of mTORC1 signaling in vitro or knockdown of mTORC1 signaling in vivo could inhibit the repair of injured tooth germ. Normally, mouse incisors were repaired after damage, but inhibition/promotion of mTORC1 signaling inhibited/promoted this repair progress. Overall, we are the first to construct a stable and repeatable repair model of severe tooth germ injury, and our results reveal that mTORC1 signaling plays a crucial role during tooth germ repair, providing a potential target for clinical treatment of tooth germ injury.
Recent advances of microneedles for ophthalmic drug delivery-correspondence
Authors: Hitesh Chopra, Sonia Arora, None Priyanka, Om Prakash Choudhary
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2023)

Chopra, Hitesh PhDa; Arora, Soniab; Priyanka, PhDc; Choudhary, Om Prakash PhD, (Veterinary Anatomy and Histology)d, Author Information