tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Interferon and ursodeoxycholic acid combined therapy in the treatmet of chronic viral C hepatitis: Results from a controlled randomized trial in 80 patients
Authors: Eveline Boucher, Hervé Jouanolle, Patrice Andre, Annick Ruffault, Dominique Guyader, Romain Moirand, Bruno Turlin, Christian Jacquelinet, Pierre Brissot, Yves Deugnier
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Because 70% to 75% of patients with chronic hepatitis C either do not respond to or relapse after interferon (IFN) therapy, and because ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) has been shown to reduce aminotransferase levels in patients with chronic hepatitis, we undertook a prospective controlled randomized trial of IFN (group I) versus IFN plus UDCA (group II) in 80 patients with chronic hepatitis C. IFN was administered in both groups for 6 months (3 to 5 million units [MU] three times a week), and in group II UDCA (10 mg/kg/d) was administered with IFN and then alone for 3 additional months. Response to therapy was defined as the normalization of alanine transaminase (ALT) levels. The results showed that 6 months after cessation of IFN, 59% of responders had relapsed in group I but only 27% had relapsed in group II ( P = .03). There was no difference between the two groups for the initial (month 6) and the late (months 15 and 18) response rates to IFN. There was no virological effect or significant histological improvement attributable to the addition of UDCA to IFN treatment. In conclusion, the results of this study show that the addition of UDCA to IFN therapy significantly prolongs the period for which serum ALT remain, within the normal range after discontinuation of IFN. Further studies would be required to determine whether UDCA has any potential for long-term amelioration of the histological severity of liver disease caused by hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, and therefore, whether it could be advocated as an adjunct to antiviral therapy. (Hepatology 1995;21:322-327.)
The Queen Charlotte's Text-Book of Obstetrics
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Autoimmune Disease in New Zealand Black Mice Infected With Rauscher Leukemia Virus&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1970)

Inoculation of Rauscher leukemia virus (RLV) into young adult New Zealand Black (NZB) mice caused splenomegaly and anemia with negative Coombs' reactivity and a depression in primary and secondary antibody plaque formation. After RLV inoculation, subsequent development of Coombs'-positive hemolytic anemia was retarded. In Coombs'-positive, 11- to 13-month-old NZB mice, inoculation with RLV resulted in leukemogenesis unassociated with reversal of positive Coombs' reactivity. The effects of Rauscher leukemia virus infection on autoantibody formation resembled those of RLV infection on host responses to foreign antigenic stimuli.
How Should Physicians Be Paid?
Authors: George D. Lundberg
Journal: JAMA (1985)

The medical profession is now undergoing tumultuous and rapid changes that are largely economic. Drastic changes are occurring in payment schemes for hospital care, followed by numerous proposals for changing the method of paying physicians. In earliest days, doctors performed their healing services without pay. But ordinary man must eat to live, so the practice of doctoring became compensable. In his article "XXII. Medical Practice: Making a Living," Lester King describes 19th-century methods of compensating physicians in the United States.<sup>1</sup> Health insurance does not stem from antiquity; its beginnings may be traced to 18th- or 19th-century Germany. Before health insurance, patients who were able to do so paid doctors out of their pockets and often paid on installment plans. Those who could not pay were charity cases. This system worked well for routine care but not so well when it came to large expenses. So a system of health
Use of Claims Data Systems to Evaluate Health Care Outcomes
Authors: John E. Wennberg
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Data maintained by medical insurance plans can be used to evaluate the incidence of death and nonfatal complications following medical care, to test hypotheses about the outcomes of care, and to identify hospitals with unusually high or low death rates. These uses are illustrated for prostatectomy, utilizing claims data from the Maine Medicare and Manitoba Health Services Commission files. The study shows important differences in death rates between individual hospitals and higher cumulative probability of reoperation following transurethral compared with open prostatectomy. The advantages of claims data are low cost, ease of patient follow-up over long periods, and the absence of reporting bias. The limitations are the adequacy of the data used to control for patient comorbidity and the lack of outcome information on functional status. The effective use of claims data for monitoring requires the active participation of physicians in improving the data base and interpreting the findings. (<i>JAMA</i>1987;257:933-936)
Renal Failure Secondary to Massive Infusion of Vitamin C
Authors: Charles J. McAllister
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We feel compelled to report the complications of high-dose vitamin C infusion in patients with renal insufficiency. Vitamin C, one of whose main metabolites is oxalate, can produce permanent renal failure in patients with preexisting renal insufficiency. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 70-year-old man with documented renal insufficiency came to a "chelation therapy" center for treatment of claudication. Previous testing (one day before) showed the serum creatinine level to be 5.0 mg/dL. An estimated creatinine clearance was 19 mL/min. The serum hematocrit value was 29.4%. To be prepared for chelation—the intravenous (IV) administration of edetic acid—the patient was given 2.5 g of vitamin C in 500 mL of solution of 5% dextrose in water for five hours. The patient tolerated the infusion well; however, 12 hours later he experienced severe lancinating bilateral flank pain, passed 3 mL of hematuria, and became anuric. The patient was transferred to
Two-Stage Carcinogenesis Studies With Asbestos in Fischer 344 Rats&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1980)

The cocarcinogenic effect of chrysotile asbestos was investigated in heterotopic tracheal transplants of F344 rats. Tracheal transplants were first exposed to graded doses of dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) contained in intraluminal pellets. The doses ranged from 12.5 to 100 μg. Control tracheas received blank pellets. Four weeks after the start of DMBA exposure (when all carcinogen had been released from the pellets), the spent pellets were removed, and 200 μg chrysotile, a nontumorigenic dose of asbestos, was introduced into the lumina of the preexposed tracheas. No significant enhancement of the tumor response was seen with 100 μg DMBA, a dose that was tumorigenic by itself. However, with 50 and 25 μg DMBA, nontumorigenic dose levels, a 15 and 23% incidence of tracheal carcinomas occurred when DMBA exposure was followed by a nontumorigenic dose of chrysotile. At 12.5 μg DMBA, this effect was not observed. Whatever the mechanisms were that formed the basis of this tumor enhancement effect of asbestos, the consequences were similar to those observed with tumor promotion in classical two-stage carcinogenesis studies.
Excess Infant Mortality in an American Indian Population, 1940 to 1990
Authors: Roy M. Nakamura
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To describe the infant mortality experience of an American Indian community and to demonstrate the utility of examining community-level mortality data. <h3>Design.</h3> —Descriptive, population-based historical review of infant death certificates. <h3>Setting.</h3> —The Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Oregon. <h3>Patients or Other Participants.</h3> —Infant tribal members of the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs, 1940 to 1990. <h3>Interventions.</h3> —None. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Categorization of causes of infant deaths and calculations of mortality rates. <h3>Results.</h3> —The infant mortality rate, while lower in each decade since the 1940s, was still 2.6 times the national (all races) rate in the 1980s. Neonatal deaths did not account for many of the excess deaths. The postneonatal mortality rate has consistently been much greater than the national rate and was five times greater in the 1980s. Almost all of the excess infant mortality since 1980 has been due to the sudden infant death syndrome. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —While there has been a dramatic decrease in infant mortality for this American Indian population, it remains higher than the national rate. Examining the causes of infant death has enabled this population to develop focused strategies to reduce infant mortality. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;266:2244-2248)
Vitamin D analogues in psoriasis: effects on systemic calcium homeostasis
Authors: J.F. BOURKE, S.J. IQBAL, P.E. HUTCHINSON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

Journal Article Vitamin D analogues in psoriasis: effects on systemic calcium homeostasis Get access J.F. BOURKE, J.F. BOURKE Department of Dermatology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester LE1 5WW, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S.J. IQBAL, S.J. IQBAL Department of Chemical Pathology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester LE1 5WW, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.E. HUTCHINSON P.E. HUTCHINSON Department of Dermatology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester LE1 5WW, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 135, Issue 3, 1 September 1996, Pages 347–354, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1996.d01-1002.x Published: 01 September 1996 Article history Accepted: 19 February 1996 Published: 01 September 1996
Right Middle Lobe Syndrome in Children
Authors: Susan C. Dees
Journal: JAMA (1966)

A series of 30 children with the right middle lobe syndrome had cough and asthmatic-like wheezing. Pneumonia or bronchitis characterized by recurrent localization in the middle lobe of the right lung were constant findings. Respiratory symptoms were refractory to usual treatment. Abnormal findings on chest x-rays and bronchograms showed complete or partial atelectasis of right middle lobe in all cases. In some children, decreased vital capacity with normal one-second forced expiratory volume and laboratory signs of infection were present. The condition appeared twice as frequently in girls as in boys, and symptoms usually began at 1 to 2 years of age, although diagnosis was rarely made before 6 years of age. Twenty-three of the 30 children were atopic, and 18 of the 30 had family histories of allergy. Treatment consisted of lobectomy in ten (all of whom improved considerably). On conservative medical management alone, this condition was controlled in ten, eight were unimproved, one was lost to follow-up, and one died.
Thyroid Function Screening in Psychiatric Patients
Authors: Jan D. Wiener
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article by Cohen and Swigar (242:254, 1979) certainly adds to our knowledge on thyroid dysfunction in psychiatric patients, but a few points in this article and in the editorial comment in the same issue (242:275, 1979) warrant comment. First (and most important), the terms hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism are used to include states of hyperthyroxinemia and hypothyroxinemia without clinical signs or sequelae. Notably, a diagnosis of secondary hypothyroidism, called "presumptive" in the abstract and once in the "Comment" only, was made in eight patients but substantiated in only one of these. The other cases, displaying "a relative lack of classic signs and symptoms of thyroid disease," include two patients with anorexia nervosa and two others taking phenytoin; these should not be considered (or treated) as hypothyroid. Actually, therefore, there appear to have been at least five and at most eight new cases of thyroid dysfunction, including one
Walter Reed and Yellow Fever.
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Control of Sexually Transmitted Chlamydial Infections
Authors: H. Hunter Handsfield
Journal: JAMA (1987)

The recorded history of sexually transmitted<i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i>infections is brief; for example, reliable documentation that<i>C trachomatis</i>causes nongonococcal urethritis in men and general acceptance that nongonococcal urethritis is a sexually transmitted infection is barely 15 years old. During the 1970s and into the 1980s, the clinical spectrum of chlamydial infections was defined, and numerous studies demonstrated substantial—in some cases extraordinary— prevalences of infection in sexually active populations, especially young women. As a major cause of acute salpingitis, of female infertility and ectopic pregnancy due to scarring of the fallopian tubes (often in the absence of prior overt salpingitis), and of conjunctivitis and pneumonia in infants born to infected mothers, chlamydial infections have emerged as one of the most important women's health problems. Measures to control the chlamydia epidemic have been proposed since the early 1970s, but widespread acceptance that such measures are warranted came only in the mid-1980s,
Awards, Appointments, Announcements
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1992)

Journal Article Awards, Appointments, Announcements Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 84, Issue 2, 15 January 1992, Pages 84–85, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/84.2.84 Published: 15 January 1992
Reorganized Alcoholism Service
Authors: Albert N. Browne-Mayers
Journal: JAMA (1973)

We tested the hypothesis that an intensification of care and assiduous follow-up provide a more effective treatment for the alcoholic patient. <h3>Historical Background</h3> The New York Hospital-Westchester Division, a 250-bed psychiatric hospital, is an integral part of the Cornell University Medical School. This hospital, formerly known as Bloomingdale's, is well known throughout the United States. During the earlier and middle years of this century, the hospital has placed considerable emphasis on the treatment of the alcoholic and, indeed, has reported its finding for changes in the therapeutic approach to alcoholism.<sup>1-4</sup> In 1944, Wall and Allen<sup>5</sup>reported a three- to five-year follow-up of 100 consecutive patients treated at the New York Hospital-Westchester Division. They reported 24% abstinent and 19% improved. Again in 1950, Prout et al<sup>6</sup>reported a follow-up on the next 100 consecutive admissions for alcoholism at New York Hospital from one to eight years postdischarge. They
Ten Years of Operative Surgery in the Provinces
Authors: A. Prichard
Journal: BMJ (1860)

there was continual pain.Henceforth, I shall do that which appears to me more consonant withl sound surgery, viz., to get rid of the extraneous body as soon as it is practicable; in fact, to apply here the rule that is absolute, regarding the removal of extraneous matters from other parts of the body.
Treatment of Enuresis
Authors: John Prutting
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Recently promotional material has been circulated announcing a "new indication" for the treatment of nocturnal enuresis in children with the psychostimulant imipramine hydrochloride. The beneficial effect is obtained within a few days, which is long before any antidepressive effect could develop. It seems therefore that any therapeutic effect is most likely due to this drug's anticholinergic action. Side effects such as dryness of the mouth, constipation, and a lessening in bladder activity are commonly seen with this medication. In reported studies on enuresis, the drug was compared to an inactive placebo. Quite understandably, it showed a better effect than the placebo in controlling nocturnal bedwetting. I should think a more significant evaluation would have been a comparison of imipramine hydrochloride with other and less harmful anticholinergic agents such as belladonna, atropine, or possibly propantheline bromide. The use of a drug merely because of its anticholinergic properties is
Standard Nomenclature for Primary Hepatic Tumors
Authors: E. Truman Mays
Journal: JAMA (1976)

THE TERMINOLOGY for tumors composed of hepatocytes is superfluous. It is permeated with synonyms. Archaic nomenclature mattered little in the past. Benign primary tumors of the liver were rare. Etiology was unknown. They usually occurred in the extremes of life; in the very young, they were considered congenital, and they corresponded to known potentials for tumorigenesis in the elderly. Malignant primary tumors were also rare in the United States and usually occurred in the chemically or alcoholically damaged liver. Little did it matter if these growths were called hepatoma, hamartoma, liver-cell adenoma, benign hepatoma, solitary adenoma, or hepatic adenoma. Nor did it matter if vague histologic criteria separated these growths from a group of tumor-like lesions again described by various synonyms, including focal nodular hyperplasia, focal cirrhosis, hamartomatous cholangiohepatoma, isolated nodules of regenerative hyperplasia, mixed adenoma, adenoma, and solitary hyperplastic nodule. But now nomenclature does matter. A medley of jolting
Radiography and Radio-Therapeutics.
Journal: JAMA (1918)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Continuing medical education
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Ultrastructural and Cytochemical Study of the Early Stages of Liver Colonization by Transplanted Neoplastic Hepatocytes&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1985)

Neoplastic liver cell colonies were induced in the livers of isogeneic F344 rats by intraportal injection of a hepatic cell suspension from diethylnitrosamine-treated donor rats. Examination of the livers 12 days after cell implantation revealed well-demarcated groups of liver cells. The colonies showed alterations of the normal hepatocyte phenotype, which were clearly demonstrated by histologic, cytochemical, and electron microscope techniques. The hepatocytes were markedly deficient in glucose-6-phosphatase and bile canalicular ATPase activities, and they contained numerous mitotic figures. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy allowed characterization of hepatocyte interfaces and the shape of sinusoids and the biliary network. The nodular colonies displayed disorganized, thickened trabeculae separated by dilated sinusoids. In these colonies the hepatocytes proliferated intensely and formed, inside the host parenchyma, revascularized, integrated nodular structures. However, these hepatocytes showed ultrastructural anomalies: large nuclei with prominent nucleoli, many free polysomes, and areas of proliferated smooth endoplasmic reticulum in connection with unfolded cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum. All of these features agreed with the hypothesis previously proposed that the colonies may be precursors of the hepatocarcinomas that ultimately develop in animals given injections of treated liver cells. Direct confirmation, however, still is needed.