tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Operative Surgery Including Anesthesia, Pre- and Postoperative Treatment, Principles of Surgical Technic, Blood Transfusion and Abdominal Surgery
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Factors associated with appropriate use of radiation therapy after mastectomy in women with Stage I-II breast cancer treated within the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN)
Authors: R. S. Punglia, M. E. Hughes, S. B. Edge, R. L. Theriault, M. A. Bookman, W. E. Burak, R. Ottesen, J. C. Niland, J. C. Weeks
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

6032 Background: Since 1996, the NCCN has published breast cancer practice guidelines. We examined rates and determinants of appropriate use of post-mastectomy radiation (RT), as defined by the guidelines, among women with Stage I-II breast cancer. Methods: Using detailed clinical characteristics, 1,620 consecutive patients at eight NCCN institutions who received mastectomy as definitive surgery between July 1997 and June 2002 were classified according to whether they fell onto guidelines that (1) recommended RT, (2) recommended against RT, or (3) made no definitive recommendation. We considered no RT in the first group as underuse, and RT in the third group as overuse. Multivariable logistic regression was applied to each group to investigate the association of clinical and sociodemographic factors with RT. Results: Of the entire cohort, 23.8% of women received RT; 83.6% (199/238), 5.6% (58/1029), and 38.6% (127/329) in the recommend, do not recommend, and consider groups, respectively. On multivariable analysis, the only factor associated with underuse was not receiving chemotherapy (p<0.0001). In addition to tumor characteristics, factors associated with overuse included younger age (p=0.048, <50 versus 50 years or older), NCCN institution (p=0.03), college education (p=0.001), and no immediate reconstruction (p=0.02). RT in the "consider" subgroup was strongly associated with NCCN institution (p<0.0001), mastectomy performed at a non-NCCN institution (p=0.004), younger age (p=0.04), as well as tumor characteristics. Conclusions: Overall, rates of concordance with definitive guidelines were high. The only factor associated with underuse was non-receipt of chemotherapy, suggesting these women may have chosen to forego aggressive treatment. Older age did not predict for underuse, but younger age was a significant predictor of overuse. When current evidence does not support a definitive recommendation for post-mastectomy RT, treatment decisions appear to be influenced by patient age, tumor factors and particularly by institution-specific patterns of care. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
SYNTHESES IN THE INTESTINE
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Mortality among workers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Evidence of radiation effects in follow-up through 1984
Authors: S. Wing
Journal: JAMA (1991)

White men hired at the Oak Ridge (Tenn) National Laboratory between 1943 and 1972 were followed up for vital status through 1984 (N = 8318, 1524 deaths). Relatively low mortality compared with that in US white men was observed for most causes of death, but leukemia mortality was elevated in the total cohort (63% higher, 28 deaths) and in workers who had at some time been monitored for internal radionuclide contamination (123% higher, 16 deaths). Median cumulative dose of external penetrating radiation was 1.4 mSv; 638 workers had cumulative doses above 50 mSv (5 rem). After accounting for age, birth cohort, a measure of socioeconomic status, and active worker status, external radiation with a 20-year exposure lag was related to all causes of death (2.68% increase per 10 mSv) primarily due to an association with cancer mortality (4.94% per 10 mSv). Studies of this population through 1977 did not find radiation-cancer mortality associations, and identical analyses using the shorter follow-up showed that associations with radiation did not appear until after 1977. The radiation-cancer dose response is 10 times higher than estimates from the follow-up of survivors of the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan, but similar to one previous occupational study. Dose-response estimates are subject to uncertainties due to potential problems, including measurement of radiation doses and cancer outcomes. Longer-term follow-up of this and other populations with good measurement of protracted low-level exposures will be critical to evaluating the generalizability of the results reported herein. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;265:1397-1402)
Interaction between Selenium and Methylmercury
Authors: Staffan Skerfving
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1978)

The available data on the influence of selenium on the toxicity of methylmercury and of methylmercury on selenium as a nutrient and toxic agent are reviewed. Selenium as selenite has a relative protective effect on acute and subacute toxicity of methylmercury in the rat and the quail. The protective mechanism is far from clear. Of special interest is the fact that selenium-treated animals may remain unaffected, even when they have attained tissue mercury levels otherwise associated with toxic effects. Selenite causes some increase of tissue mercury levels in methylmercury-exposed animals. On the other hand, methylmercury induces a remarkable enhancement of organ concentrations of selenium in animals given selenite. The interaction between selenium and methylmercury is in many ways different from that between selenium and inorganic mercury, and also from that between selenium and other metals. Due to the considerable interspecies differences in the toxicity of methylmercury, the available data do not allow conclusions on interactions in man. Practical implications of a possible protective effect of selenium on methylmercury toxicity in humans are discussed.
Gastrointestinal bleeding
Authors: L. Cipolletta, G. Rotondano, M. Bianco
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

Gastrointestinal bleeding remains an important clinical challenge. Despite the progress in management of this potentially life-threatening condition, with advances mainly related to effective endoscopic hemostasis and adjuvant pharmacologic treatment, the reported mortality is still around 5 % – 10 % for ulcer bleeding and about 15 % – 20 % for variceal hemorrhage. The continuing large number of abstracts devoted to this subject reflects the persistent interest in this issue. This necessarily subjective selection has included the most noteworthy data, but many abstracts listed only in the second part of the reference list are very interesting.
Correction: Reporting Bias in Drug Trials Submitted to the Food and Drug Administration: Review of Publication and Presentation
Authors: Kristin Rising, Peter Bacchetti, Lisa Bero
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2009)

The Results section of this manuscript contains three numerical errors.Under the heading "Discrepancies in Primary Outcome Reporting," "155 outcomes" should read "138 outcomes" and "155/179" should read "138/179."Under the heading "Discrepancies in Conclusions," "35 of 36" should read "34 of 36."Please note that these errors were only in the text of the Results section, and not in the detailed results given in Tables 4 and5, which were correct.The complete and correct text for these two sections can be found in Corrected Results below. Corrected Results Discrepancies in Primary Outcome ReportingAs shown in Table 4, trials had a total of 179 primary outcomes reported in the NDAs.Forty-one primary outcomes from the NDAs were omitted from the papers.Papers included 138 outcomes that were also in the NDAs (77%, 138/179), plus 15 additional outcomes that favored the test drug, and two other neutral or unknown additional outcomes.Thus, the papers included more outcomes favoring the test drug than did the NDAs.Excluding outcomes with unknown significance, there were 43 outcomes in the NDAs that did not favor the test drug (35 not statistically significant, eight favored the comparator).Of these outcomes, 20 (47%) were not included in the papers.In addition, the statistical significance of five of the remaining 23 outcomes (22%) changed between the NDA and the paper, with four changing to favor the test drug in the paper (p = 0.38).The changes in outcomes occurred in a total of 36 trials found in 19 different NDAs. Discrepancies in ConclusionsAs shown in Table 5, when excluding unknown conclusions, 99 conclusions were provided in both NDAs and papers.There were ten conclusions in the NDAs that did not favor the test drug (six neutral and four favoring the comparator).Excluding unknowns, nine conclusions (9%) changed from the FDA review of the NDA to the paper, and all nine did so to favor the test drug (100%, 95% CI 72% to 100%, p = 0.0039).Including the unknowns, 34 of 36 that changed did so to favor the test drug (p < 0.0001).The changes in statistical significance of outcomes and conclusions were too few to permit a meaningful investigation of predictors.
The financial effects of emergency department-generated admissions under prospective payment systems
Authors: E. Munoz
Journal: JAMA (1985)

The purpose of this study was to assess the financial impact (revenues vs expenses) as measured by hospital charges and costs vs diagnosis-related group (DRG) revenues of prospective payment systems on emergency department—generated admissions for a large teaching hospital under two payment systems: Medicare and an all-payor system. All emergency department admissions were analyzed for the years 1983 (N=4,273) and 1984 (N=4,125) under both systems, using standard DRG methodology. Our findings were as follows: (1) With charges as a measure of expense under both payment schemes, all clinical departments had large groups of unprofitable patients: Medicare, $12,895,038; all-payor system, $15,553,893. (2) When costs were computed as the expense measure (using our hospital's cost-to-charge ratio), Medicare patients produced a deficit ($2,363,163); however, under an all-payor system there was a small net profit ($4,267,859). (3) The implementation of federalized DRG reimbursement rates increased our losses for this population from 1983 to 1984. (4) Reductions in outlier reimbursement (10%) and teaching costs (25%) caused our revenues to drop substantially, potentiating our losses. These findings suggest that hospitals with large emergency department admission populations, particularly Medicare patients, may be at a significant financial disadvantage under prospective payment systems. (<i>JAMA</i>1985;254:1763-1771)
Measles inoculation.
Authors: K. W. Heaton
Journal: BMJ (1968)

remain the arbiters of how widely confidences expressed to their doctor or social worker may be shared.Most of them will readily agree to the co-option of a colleague to a situation, or to a confidential second opinion.But few will seek help from an organization where they themselves, the patients, forfeit control of who does and who does not have access to their private affairs.This is one of the causes of present underuse of some social service departments.Future improvement of medical care by co-operation between general practitioners and social workers will depend largely on genuine attachment of suitably trained social workers to general practices, and freedom from hierarchical involvement in case detail and case management.I sug- gest that it is only in this way that the large area of personal care, which is indivisibly both medical and social, can be fruitfully approached.-Iam, etc.,
Abstract 1444: Overexpression Of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Restores Post-natal Neovascularization In Atherosclerosis.
Authors: Barend Mees, Ludovic Waeckel, Dong You, Dennie Tempel, Maria Godinho, Rien Van Haperen, Bernard Lévy, Rini de Crom, Jean-Sébastien Silvestre
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Alteration in post-ischemic neovascularization is a common complication of atherosclerotic disease. This results, at least in part, from abrogation of bone-marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNC) pro-angiogenic potential. Overexpression of eNOS has been shown to promote vessel growth in the setting of ischemia. We hypothesized that eNOS overexpression could restore impaired neovascularization in atherosclerotic (ApoE KO) mice. Hind limb ischemia was induced in mice by right femoral artery ligation. After two weeks we evaluated tissue perfusion of the foot by Laser Doppler, vessel density in the hind limb by micro-angiography and histology, and atherosclerotic plaque size. In vitro BM-MNC cell culture assays were performed. Tissue perfusion and vessel density were 1.5-fold increased in transgenic mice overexpressing eNOS (eNOStg) as compared to wild type (WT) (P&lt;0.001, n=10). Transplantation of 1x106 WT- or eNOStg BM-MNC in WT recipients caused a 1.5-fold increase in tissue perfusion and vessel density compared to injection of PBS (P&lt;0.001, n=10). Next, we used ApoE KO mice and crossbreeds of eNOStg and ApoE KO mice (eNOStg*ApoE KO). Tissue perfusion and vessel density were 1.8-fold increased in eNOStg*ApoE KO mice as compared to ApoE KO mice (P&lt;0.001, n=10). Transplantation of both WT- or eNOStg*ApoE KO BM-MNC in ApoE KO recipients caused a 1.6- to 2-fold increase in tissue perfusion and vessel density compared to PBS (P&lt;0.01, n=10), while transplantation of ApoE KO BM-MNC had no positive effect on neovascularization. Moreover, transplantation of WT BM-MNC significantly increased plaque size, while eNOStg*ApoE KO BM-MNC had no effect on plaque size. eNOS overexpression did not affect BM-MNC apoptosis and secretion of growth factors but increased their ability to differentiate in vitro into EPC. Conclusion: eNOS overexpression in the endothelium improves post-ischemic neovascularization in both physiological as atherosclerotic settings. Furthermore, eNOS overexpression in the bone marrow restores the impaired pro-angiogenic potential of atherosclerotic BM-MNC without adverse effects on plaque size. Therefore, overexpression of eNOS could play a vital part in the development of therapeutic angiogenesis for atherosclerotic disease.
Another Toast to Red Wine
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Views: Minerva through the decades
Journal: BMJ (1990)

Minerva through the decadesPhysicians who treat life threatening haemorrhage by blood trans- fusion are sometimes lucky.An 11 year old boy who had bled for several days after minor surgery was, saved by a transfusion from a young girl (Lancet 1840;i: 185-8).Maybe the transfusion tipped the balance by providing some missing vital force.
Bhopal tragedy's health effects. A review of methyl isocyanate toxicity
Authors: P. S. Mehta
Journal: JAMA (1990)

SIX YEARS AGO, on December 3, 1984, a toxic gas leak at a Union Carbide pesticide plant in Bhopal, India, released methyl isocyanate (MIC) and its reaction products. The number of persons "exposed" and "injured" remains uncertain.<sup>1</sup>Official estimates from the Indian government place the dead at around 1800.<sup>2</sup>Others estimate mortality to have been between 2500 and 5000 and the number of injured to have been up to 200 000.<sup>3,4</sup> Until the Bhopal incident, neither deaths nor cases of toxic effects from MIC exposure had been recorded in<i>Index Medicus</i>.<sup>5</sup>1 We have extensively surveyed the medical literature concerning effects of MIC exposure on the victims of the disaster and laboratory studies in animals. A great deal has been learned, but many questions still remain unanswered. <h3>THE BHOPAL PLANT</h3> In 1969, the Union Carbide Corporation built a formulation plant in Bhopal, India, to mix and
Vagal and antral influences on feline gastric secretion. Observations during central autonomic stimulation
Authors: J. M. Pearl
Journal: JAMA (1967)

It has long been suspected that psychic stress in man can be translated by the autonomic nervous system into a gastroduodenal environment favoring ulcerogenesis. The ulcerogenic potential of central autonomic lesions or stimulation, although presumptive in man, is well established in several species of laboratory animals.<sup>1</sup> Marked alterations in gastric secretion and histology have been observed during central autonomic stimulation—changes which appear to depend on vagal innervation.<sup>2-6</sup>The increased secretory response of denervated fundic pouches to acetylcholine lavage of the antrum has provided further evidence for the importance of the antral factor as a stimulant to gastric secretion during central autonomic stimulation (J. M. Pearl, MD, and A. S. Leonard, MD, PhD, unpublished data). The following experiments were undertaken to define the role of the peripheral vagus nerve and the antrum in the secretion of acid, pepsin, and mucus by the feline gastric mucosa during central autonomic nervous
Phenylpropanolamine
Authors: H. I. Silverman
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The editorial entitled "Phenylpropanolamine: An Over-the-Counter Amphetamine?" (1981; 245:1346) by Alan Blum, MD, emphasizes perceived problems with overthe-counter (OTC) medication yet disregards scientific evidence that helps assure the American public of both safety and effectiveness of consumer medication. The public advisory committees of the Food and Drug Administration are composed of highly qualified persons from specialized fields with wide geographic distribution. Chastising or indirectly criticizing the recommendations of FDA advisory panels without an apparent awareness of the facts and scientific data on which recommendations were made is unfortunate. To imply that phenylpropanolamine is an OTC amphetamine is not in keeping with the weight of evidence to the contrary. Although Dietz (1981; 245:601) implies an "amphetaminelike" reaction in patients using phenylpropanolamine, the neurological effects he collated provide no mention of mood elevation, euphoria, increased energy, or alertness, all of which are associated with the pattern of amphetamine abuse.
SUMMARIOS IN INTERLINGUA
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
CARELESS REPORTING.
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal