tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Smoking history and disease outcomes in patients with malignant germ cell tumors.
Authors: Elizabeth O'Donnell, Kathryn P. Gray, Michelle S. Hirsch, Philip W. Kantoff, Clair Beard, Christopher Sweeney
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

4561 Background: In 2011, of 8260 cases of Germ Cell Tumor (GCT) in the US, about 350 (4%) died of disease. The impact of smoking on disease outcomes of relapse and death is unknown. Methods: Retrospective review of 891 GCT pts treated at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI) between 1997 and 2010 was conducted. Inclusion criteria were men age&gt;18 yrs treated for GCT with a quantified smoking history in an electronic medical record. The outcomes of interest were relapse after first-line chemotherapy and death from the disease. A Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test assessed the association of the disease outcomes and the smoking history (heavy smoker vs. less), and a Wilcoxon test for ordered categories assessed the association of the outcomes with the IGCCCG risk groups (good, intermediate, and poor), stratified by histology (seminoma vs non-seminoma (NS)). Results: 327 men with metastatic disease were identified. Median age was 31.5 years. 47(14%) had a history of smoking &gt;10 pack-years (pyrs). Of the 256 NSGCT pts with metastases at time of chemotherapy, pts who smoked &gt;10 pyrs constituted 27% of the 64 relapses vs. 11% of the 192 non-relapses (Odds Ratio (OR) 2.9, p=0.003). Of the 71 metastatic seminoma pts, 40% of the 10 relapses had smoked &gt;10 pyrs compared with 8% of the 61 pts who did not relapse (OR 7.5, p=0.01). Smoking &gt;10 pyrs was associated with (i) higher IGCCCG risk at time of metastatic disease [24% of poor-risk pts had a &gt;10 pyr history compared with 12% who had good-risk or 19% who had intermediate-risk (p=0.01)] and (ii) higher staging at initial diagnosis, 23% of poor-risk pts were heavy smokers compared with 9% who were CS1 and 12% good-risk (p=0.002). Of the 50 pts who died of metastatic disease, 36% had smoked &gt;10 pyrs compared to 9% who were cured, Pts who smoked &gt;10 pyrs had significantly increased odds of death compared to those who smoked 0-10 pyrs (OR=5.5, p &lt;0.0001). 3 out of 30 pts who smoked &gt;10 pyrs received suboptimal bleomycin, and only 1 relapsed. Conclusions: Greater than 10 pack-year smoking history is a modifiable risk factor associated with a higher IGCCCG risk at diagnosis of metastatic disease, higher risk of relapse after 1 st -line chemotherapy and higher risk of death from germ cell tumor.
Stool Collections
Authors: Richard A. Levine
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

Letters and Corrections1 October 1988Stool CollectionsRichard A. Levine, MDRichard A. Levine, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-109-7-597_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor:I am writing in response to Ahlquist and colleagues' astute study (1) on the newly developed stool device. I must say that I read in amazement the Results section, in which the previously uncontrolled technique for the collection of stool samples was described. In most cases, the patients interviewed had obtained their stools for hemoccult testing in ways bordering on the subhuman. Many persons used their bare hands to retrieve stool. Almost 20% were not even trying, undoubtedly due to superior judgment. Are we as physicians suggesting that our patients fish stool from their toilets with ladles...Reference1. AhlquistSchwartzIsaacsonEllefson DSJM. A stool collection device: the first step in occult blood testing. Ann Intern Med. 1988;108:609-12. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 October 1988Volume 109, Issue 7Page: 597-597 Issue Published: 1 October 1988 PDF downloadLoading ...
Number of Persons Tested for HIV—United States, 2002
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Strategies for preventing infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) emphasize testing to identify infected persons and ensure access to appropriate medical care, treatment, and prevention services. To determine the number of persons who were tested for HIV during the preceding 12 months, CDC analyzed data from both the 2002 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) and the 2002 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey. This report summarizes the results of these analyses, which indicated that, in 2002, approximately 10%-12% of persons aged 18-64 years in the United States reported being tested for HIV during the preceding 12 months, an estimated 16-22 million persons. Continued measurement of HIV testing by health surveys such as BRFSS and NHIS can be used in combination with program data and other surveys of populations at high risk to determine the impact of HIV strategies on increasing testing.
Increased sodium-lithium countertransport in college students with elevated blood pressure
Authors: R. Cooper
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Blood pressure screening was carried out on a university campus to identify early hypertension or high-normal BP in young adults. Compared with normotensive control subjects of a similar age, drawn from the same population, persons identified as being at the upper end of the BP distribution had significantly increased levels of sodium-lithium counter-transport. This difference persisted when other potential confounding variables, eg, overweight, sex, ethnicity, sodium excretion, and age, were taken into account. A positive family history was associated with slightly higher levels of sodium-lithium countertransport, although the effect could be explained by higher present levels of BP. These data suggest that abnormalities of cation transport are present early in the course of the development of hypertension. Measurement of transport levels may provide an estimate of risk of hypertension and allow identification of susceptible persons. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;249:1030-1034)
'Postmortem' cesarean section with recovery of both mother and offspring
Authors: N. L. DePace
Journal: JAMA (1982)

A 27-year-old primigravida of 37 weeks' gestation suffered cardiopulmonary arrest after massive hemoptysis. After extensive advanced cardiopulmonary resuscitation measures, it was thought that the mother could not be resuscitated and a cesarean section was performed. Immediately after delivery of the fetus, the mother's pulse was palpated, and both the mother and infant are alive without neurological sequelae 20 months later. The reversal of the supine hypotensive syndrome, which was precipitated by massive blood loss, may be the mechanism to account for the restoration of the mother's cardiac output after delivery. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;248:971-973)
Autogenous Vein Grafts for Repair of Arterial Injuries
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Propagation of Vasodilation in Resistance Vessels of the Hamster: Development and Review of a Working Hypothesis
Authors: Steven S. Segal, Brian R. Duling
Journal: Circulation Research (1987)

In many tissues, a substantial fraction of total vascular resistance resides in the feed arteries that give rise to the microcirculation.We have explored the thesis that control of tissue blood flow is integrated over several levels of the vascular network, including feed arteries and microvessels.In response to muscular contraction, feed arteries (resting diameter 100-125 /im) of hamster cremaster and gracilis muscles dilated by 20-25%.Acetylcholine applied to distal microvessels of the cremaster induced a dilation that ascended into feed arteries not having direct contact with acetylcholine.In the hamster cheek pouch, iontophoretic application of acetylcholine onto an arteriole (diameter 20-30 fim) triggered a vasodilation that propagated along the arteriole.Propagation was not dependent on blood flow, indicating that the dilator response was conducted along the vessel wall.We found that preventing diameter changes in an arteriole segment along the apparent conducting pathway did not block propagated vasodilation, indicating that propagation was not mediated by a myogenic mechanism requiring changes in smooth muscle length.We investigated whether the conduction of a vasodilatory stimulus may be mediated by either a neural plexus intrinsic to microvessels or cell-cell coupling between the cells composing the arteriole.Tetrodotoxln (10~6 M) did not block propagated vasodilation, indicating that propagation is not mediated by a neural pathway.Hypertonic sucrose solution applied to an arteriole segment along the apparent conducting pathway attenuated propagation significantly, which is consistent with its reported effect to decouple gap junctions between cells.Thus, propagated vasodilation in arterioles may be mediated by direct cell-cell conduction.(Circulation Research 1987;61(suppl II):II-20-II-25)C lassic views maintain that the resistance to blood flow and the control of tissue perfusion resides in the arteriolar segments of the vascular bed (i.e., vessel diameter<60 fim).However, intravascular pressure measurements in many tissues, including the heart and brain, indicate that a major fraction of total vascular resistance resides in the larger arterial vessels that give rise to the microcirculation.l -2 -3 It can be deduced that if the resistance of feed arteries remained fixed at 50% of total resistance, then maximal dilation of microvessels could result in no more than a twofold increase in tissue blood flow (Figure 1).The fact that many tissues manifest more than a twofold increase in blood flow indicates that coordination of feed artery dilation with that of arterioles may be a general component of functional hyperemia.The present study is one of a series 34 exploring various aspects of the thesis that the control of tissue perfusion involves an interplay among resistance segments at several levels of the vascular network.Our initial experiments tested and supported the hypothesis that the feed arteries supplying striated muscle partici-
Marihuana Psychosis
Authors: Isaac Persyko
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In a recent article on "Marihuana Psychosis," Talbott and Teague remark, "to our knowledge, the only report describing individuals studied while experiencing adverse reactions to smoking marihuana is that of Bromberg in 1934." (<b>210</b>:299, 1969) I thought it worthwhile to describe a case of "marihuana psychosis" recently seen during the phase of "acute intoxication" (terms used by Bromberg in his by now classical articleThe Journalin 1939.<sup>1</sup> <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 22-year-old white woman was brought to the state hospital by a peace officer on New Year's Eve. At the time of admission she was highly apprehensive, crying and laughing alternately, and refusing to be interviewed. A companion reported that the patient became suddenly disturbed, and began screaming uncontrollably shortly after smoking of two marihuana "joints." The patient trembled and expressed fear of dying. The emergency treatment at the hospital consisted of "tender
PLoS Medicine Issue Image | Vol. 6(11) November 2009
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2009)

In this month's Editorial, the PLoS Medicine editors argue that there are signs of an evolving "malaria activism" that is akin to AIDS activism. There have been two "waves" of successful malaria activism, they say. In the first wave, activists highlighted the gap between the huge burden of malaria and the tiny amount of international development assistance dedicated to its control. Such advocacy helped motivate donors to increase their malaria commitments. The second wave focused on making sure that the extra funding was used to purchase highly efficacious artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) rather than monotherapies such as chloroquine, which are largely ineffective in Africa. It's now time, say the editors, for a "third wave" of activism, to highlight the widespread ACT stock-outs (shortages) across Africa, a crisis that can have deadly consequences. Image Credit: Gavin Yamey
Selection of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease for long-term oxygen therapy
Authors: R. M. Timms
Journal: JAMA (1981)

The Nocturnal Oxygen Therapy Trial, a study of oxygen therapy in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, has combined the experience of six centers concerning the selection of patients for oxygen treatment. Forty-five percent of hypoxic patients initially selected for the study improved enough during the one month of outpatient observation to allow suspension of plans to treat them with oxygen. Therefore, long-term oxygen therapy plans should only be made without a month of careful observation. Resting Pao<sub>2</sub>values less than 40 mm Hg suggest instability or that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is not the only cause of the hypoxemia. Nasal prong oxygen flow of 1 to 3 L/min reversed hypoxemia in 95% of stable patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;245:2514-2515)
Common mushroom spores may cause asthma and hay fever in fall
Authors: W. A. Check
Journal: JAMA (1982)

A substantial portion of fall asthma and hay fever may be due to spores of common mushrooms, according to a study described at the recent Montreal meeting of the American Academy of Allergy and Immunology by John Santilli, Jr, MD. "There is a tremendous increase in hospital emergency room admissions for asthma in the late fall, after ragweed season has ended," explained Santilli. No cause has ever been identified. Following a suggestion by John Salvaggio, MD, director of allergy and immunology in the Department of Medicine at Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Santilli and co-workers attempted to find out whether spores from fungi of the Basidiomycetes class might be the culprits. These spores are released in the fall. Not only was widespread sensitivity to mushroom spores identified among fall asthma sufferers but the team found that mushrooms might account for another puzzling phenomenon, "October hay fever." People have
Manuscripts Approved for JNCI, April-May 1973
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

Journal Article Manuscripts Approved for JNCI, April-May 1973 Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 50, Issue 6, June 1973, Pages 1731–1733, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/50.6.1731 Published: 01 June 1973
Selenomethionine Se 75 scan for thymoma
Authors: J. F. Toole
Journal: JAMA (1966)

BETWEEN 15% and 30% of patients with myasthenia gravis are said to have thymic tumors.<sup>1</sup>However, roentgenographic delineation of thymomas is difficult because the x-ray shadow of the tumor often lies hidden within those cast by other mediastinal structures. Consequently, gas contrast methods such as pneumomediastinography have been used to outline mediastinal contents. However the technique is hazardous for seriously ill myasthenic patients and the results can be misleading. An atraumatic, rapid way to circumvent this difficulty may be radioisotopic scanning of the mediastinum with selenomethionine Se 75. The details of what may be a new method for detection of thymic tumors are summarized below. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> The patient (NCBH 43 02 80), a 63-year-old man, began to experience intermittent diplopia in September 1964. Over the ensuing months his double vision became constant and he gradually developed bilateral eyelid ptosis. Despite the use of near toxic doses
Review of Essentials of Nervous Diseases and Insanity.
Journal: JAMA (1891)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Toxoplasmosis transmitted at autopsy
Authors: H. C. Neu
Journal: JAMA (1967)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The occurrence of lymphadenitis in human toxoplasmosis is well recorded by Siim.<sup>1</sup>However, the mode of transmission and time course of the disease remains far from clear. Most of our knowledge of acquired toxoplasmosis is based on infections in laboratory workers and on occasional cases of accidental inoculation.<sup>2</sup>It has been suggested that insect vectors may play a role, but this is inadequately proven.<sup>3,4</sup> In the case recorded here a pathologist became acutely ill with toxoplasmosis two months after the autopsy of a patient who died with Hodgkin's disease and toxoplasmic ventriculitis. Histological studies of a lymph node from the pathologist were not specific, but the organism was isolated in two laboratories. The value of serological studies, culture of biopsy material, and the rationale for therapy are discussed. <h3>Report of a Case:—</h3> A 35-year-old pathologist was seen in June 1965 because of an unexplained
Difference in Heat Stability of Antigens Associated With Epstein-Barr Virus, Demonstrated by Immunodiffusion2
Authors: Aberra Demissie
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

Journal Article Difference in Heat Stability of Antigens Associated With Epstein-Barr Virus, Demonstrated by Immunodiffusion Get access Aberra Demissie Aberra Demissie Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 51, Issue 3, September 1973, Pages 751–760, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/51.3.751 Published: 01 September 1973 Article history Received: 05 March 1973 Accepted: 18 May 1973 Published: 01 September 1973
Anogenital cutaneous lesions
Authors: R. R. Kierland
Journal: JAMA (1968)

You know, or should know, what a great pleasure it is for me to be with you today. To be chosen by colleagues to be chairman of the Section on Dermatology of the American Medical Association is a high honor and one that is appreciated most deeply. With the chairmanship go the honors; it should be emphasized, however, that the secretary, J. Fred Mullins, MD, with his capable assistant secretary E. Richard Harrell, MD, actually does all of the work. My only task is to address you, my friends and fellow dermatologists, and at first glance this would appear to be a simple procedure or task. Choosing a subject, however, that would be of interest to most, and of help to all, is not easy and is a task to which I have devoted some hours of thinking. I am not a philosopher, my research days are behind me, and
Die Malariabehandlung der progressiven Paralyse.
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Use of Growth Hormone for Non—Growth Hormone Deficient Children-Reply
Authors: Barry B. Bercu
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —The comments of Dr Diller are acknowledged. I also appreciate Dr Voron's letter. Actually, because of space constraints in writing the Editorial, I combined information from 2 references and omitted the specific reference, another study by Wit et al,<sup>1</sup>to which Voron actually is referring. In that multicenter study from 5 Dutch pediatric endocrine centers, a limited number (n=22) of prepubertal short stature children were evaluated. Voron's point is well taken; however, in the author's own words, A surprising finding was that the bone age delay, which would be expected to correlate positively with the degree of growth hormone insufficiency and therefore with the gain in final height, was negatively related to the final outcome. This is probably caused by a relatively large bone age advance in children with a large initial bone age delay, thereby limiting the effect on final height. That provides more detail to the statement