tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Techniques on vertical ridge augmentation: Indications and effectiveness
Authors: Istvan A. Urban, Eduardo Montero, Ettore Amerio, David Palombo, Alberto Monje
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2023)

Abstract Vertical ridge augmentation techniques have been advocated to enable restoring function and esthetics by means of implant‐supported rehabilitation. There are three major modalities. The first is guided bone regeneration, based on the principle of compartmentalization by means of using a barrier membrane, which has been demonstrated to be technically demanding with regard to soft tissue management. This requisite is also applicable in the case of the second modality of bone block grafts. Nonetheless, space creation and maintenance are provided by the solid nature of the graft. The third modality of distraction osteogenesis is also a valid and faster approach. Nonetheless, owing to this technique's inherent shortcomings, this method is currently deprecated. The purpose of this review is to shed light on the state‐of‐the‐art of the different modalities described for vertical ridge augmentation, including the indications, the step‐by‐step approach, and the effectiveness.
Inguinal Sentinel Lymph Node in a Patient With Recurrent Breast Cancer
Authors: Marta Álvarez-Moreno, Juan Álvarez-Santos, Begoña Manzarbeitia-Arroba, María Ángeles Balsa-Bretón, Cristina Sandoval-Moreno
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2022)

Abstract Sentinel lymph node biopsy is the standard of care for axillary staging in early, clinically node-negative breast cancer. The lymphatic pathways could be altered after receiving axillary treatments such as radiation and/or axillary lymph node dissection. We report a case of inguinal and contralateral axilla SLNs in breast cancer recurrence.
68Ga-PSMA and 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT Findings With 18F-FDG PET/CT in a Patient With Recurrent Prostate Cancer
Authors: Gamze Tatar, Nurhan Ergül, Mehmet Can Baloğlu, Esra Arslan, Tevfik Fikret Çermik
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2023)

Abstract A 79-year-old man with prostate cancer was evaluated with 68 Ga–prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), 68 Ga-FAPI-04, and 18 F-FDG PET/CT scans since a rise in prostate-specific antigen was seen at last control while receiving chemotherapy. Abnormal FDG uptakes were observed in the tumoral areas of the left half of the prostate and walls of the bladder, although PSMA and FAPI activity were absent or lower in the relevant tumoral areas. Restaging 68 Ga-PSMA and 18 F-FDG PET/CT scans were obtained on the patient whose progression continued after transurethral tumor resection. Herein, we present a case proving intraindividual tumor heterogeneity in prostate cancer underwent PET/CT imaging with 3 different radiopharmaceuticals.
Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy in Patients With Advanced Progressive Medullary Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Qingxing Liu, Harshad R. Kulkarni, Tianzhi Zhao, Christiane Schuchardt, Xiaoyuan Chen, Zhaohui Zhu, Jingjing Zhang, Richard P. Baum
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2023)

Purpose Progressive metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is often characterized by rapid disease progression and poor prognosis, with only few therapeutic options available. Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) has demonstrated remarkable success in the management of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors and has also been suggested to treat MTC. However, evidence on its effectiveness and long-term outcome for this indication is still limited. The objective of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of PRRT in patients with advanced, progressive MTC and to determine survival. Potential predictors of survival were also evaluated. Methods From September 2003 to June 2019, 28 patients (15 men and 13 women; mean age, 49 ± 14 years) with progressive, somatostatin receptor–positive advanced MTC received PRRT with 177 Lu- or 90 Y-labeled somatostatin analogs at Zentralklinik Bad Berka, Germany. Toxicity was graded according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.0. Treatment response was evaluated according to RECIST (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors) 1.1, as well as molecular imaging criteria (European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer). Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to calculate progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), defined from the start of PRRT. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to identify parameters associated with PFS and OS. Results Seventy-seven cycles of PRRT were administered (mean cumulative administered activity, 16.0 ± 7.8 GBq). No acute or long-term grade 3/4 toxicity was recorded with a follow-up of 3 to 140 months, except for 1 patient (4%) who suffered from grade 3 anemia (possibly related to disease progression). According to the RECIST criteria, the disease control rate after 3 to 4 months of PRRT was 56% (partial remission, 12%; stable disease, 44%). The disease control rate (72%) was higher by molecular response evaluation. Median OS and PFS were 63.7 and 10.1 months, respectively. The annual OS rates were 84% at 1 year, 65% at 3 years, 57% at 5 years, and 18% at 10 years. The annual PFS rates were 42% at 1 year, 21% at 2 years, and 13% at 5 years. Patients with bone metastases had poorer OS and PFS than those without metastases (median OS, 58.7 vs 92.3 months [ P = 0.035; hazard ratio, 2.7; 95% confidence interval, 0.92–7.84]; median PFS, 8.5 vs 12.8 months [ P = 0.592; hazard ratio, 1.2; 95% confidence interval, 0.56–2.76]). Conclusions Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy was well tolerated and effective in patients with advanced, aggressive MTC. Bone metastasis was an independent adverse prognostic factor for OS.
New Report on Mpox Cases Leading Up to 2022 Global Outbreak
Authors: Howard Larkin
Journal: JAMA (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Novel Genetic Variants Associated with Chronic Kidney Disease Progression
Authors: Miyeun Han, Sungji Moon, Sangjun Lee, Kyungsik Kim, Woo Ju An, Hyunjin Ryu, Eunjeong Kang, Jung-Hyuck Ahn, Hye Youn Sung, Yong Seek Park, Seung Eun Lee, Sang-Ho Lee, Kyung Hwan Jeong, Curie Ahn, Tanika N. Kelly, Jesse Y. Hsu, Harold I. Feldman, Sue K. Park, Kook-Hwan Oh
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2023)

Significance Statement eGFR slope has been used as a surrogate outcome for progression of CKD. However, genetic markers associated with eGFR slope among patients with CKD were unknown. We aimed to identify genetic susceptibility loci associated with eGFR slope. A two-phase genome-wide association study identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TPPP and FAT1-LINC02374 , and 22 of them were used to derive polygenic risk scores that mark the decline of eGFR by disrupting binding of nearby transcription factors. This work is the first to identify the impact of TPPP and FAT1-LINC02374 on CKD progression, providing predictive markers for the decline of eGFR in patients with CKD. Background The incidence of CKD is associated with genetic factors. However, genetic markers associated with the progression of CKD have not been fully elucidated. Methods We conducted a genome-wide association study among 1738 patients with CKD, mainly from the KoreaN cohort study for Outcomes in patients With CKD. The outcome was eGFR slope. We performed a replication study for discovered single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with P &lt;10 −6 in 2498 patients with CKD from the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort study. Several expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) studies, pathway enrichment analyses, exploration of epigenetic architecture, and predicting disruption of transcription factor (TF) binding sites explored potential biological implications of the loci. We developed and evaluated the effect of polygenic risk scores (PRS) on incident CKD outcomes. Results SNPs in two novel loci, TPPP and FAT1-LINC02374 , were replicated (rs59402340 in TPPP , P discovery =7.11×10 −7 , P CRIC =8.13×10 −4 , P meta =7.23×10 −8 ; rs28629773 in FAT1-LINC02374 , P discovery =6.08×10 −7 , P CRIC =4.33×10 −2 , P meta =1.87×10 −7 ). The eQTL studies revealed that the replicated SNPs regulated the expression level of nearby genes associated with kidney function. Furthermore, these SNPs were near gene enhancer regions and predicted to disrupt the binding of TFs. PRS based on the independently significant top 22 SNPs were significantly associated with CKD outcomes. Conclusions This study demonstrates that SNP markers in the TPPP and FAT1-LINC02374 loci could be predictive markers for the decline of eGFR in patients with CKD.
18FDG PET/CT Tumoral and Neurologic Therapeutic Response in a Case of Anti-GABABR Paraneoplastic Limbic Encephalitis
Authors: Eric Ouvrard, Paul Voulleminot, Bertrand Mennecier, Caroline Bund, Izzie Jacques Namer
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2023)

Abstract A 70-year-old man with a history of small cell lung carcinoma 2 years earlier was addressed for the suspicion of a paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis. Brain 18 FDG PET/CT revealed a bilateral amygdalian and hippocampal hypermetabolism, confirming a limbic encephalitis, and concurrent whole-body 18 FDG PET/CT showed a small cell lung carcinoma plurifocal metastatic recurrence, consistent with a paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis. 18 FDG PET/CT follow-up under chemotherapy revealed an almost complete normalization of brain metabolism and a partial metabolic response of the metastatic recurrence, consistent with the good clinical neurological evolution of the patient. This case highlights the clinical-metabolic imaging correlation in paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis.
Early Positive Brain 18F-FDG PET and Negative MRI in Rasmussen Encephalitis
Authors: Ursula Thomé, Hélio Rubens Machado, Marcelo Volpon Santos, Antonio Carlos Santos, Lauro Wichert-Ana
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2023)

Abstract A 15-year-old adolescent boy with left body epilepsia partialis continua, hemiparesis, and electroencephalogram abnormalities lateralized to the right hemisphere. MRI finding was small hyperintense signal in the left putamen. 18 F-FDG PET showed focal glucose hypermetabolism in the right paracentral lobule and hypometabolism in the inferior right frontal and precentral gyri. One month later, a new MRI showed a hyperintense signal over the paracentral lobule. Biopsy on this region confirmed the diagnosis of Rasmussen encephalitis. This patient finally underwent right hemispherotomy and became seizure free. This case emphasize the PET as an important early tool for the diagnosis of Rasmussen encephalitis.
USP25 Ameliorates Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy by Stabilizing SERCA2a in Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Bozhi Ye, Hao Zhou, Yanghao Chen, Wu Luo, Wante Lin, Ying Zhao, Jibo Han, Xue Han, Weijian Huang, Gaojun Wu, Xu Wang, Guang Liang
Journal: Circulation Research (2023)

Background: Pathological cardiac hypertrophy can lead to heart failure and is one of the leading causes of death globally. Understanding the molecular mechanism of pathological cardiac hypertrophy will contribute to the treatment of heart failure. DUBs (deubiquitinating enzymes) are essential to cardiac pathophysiology by precisely controlling protein function, localization, and degradation. This study set out to investigate the role and molecular mechanism of a DUB, USP25 (ubiquitin-specific peptidase 25), in pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Methods: The role of USP25 in myocardial hypertrophy was evaluated in murine cardiomyocytes in response to Ang II (angiotensin II) and transverse aortic constriction stimulation and in hypertrophic myocardium tissues of heart failure patients. Liquid chromotography with mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry analysis combined with Co-IP was used to identify SERCA2a (sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase 2A), an antihypertrophy protein, as an interacting protein of USP25. To clarify the molecular mechanism of USP25 in the regulation of SERCA2a, we constructed a series of mutant plasmids of USP25. In addition, we overexpressed USP25 and SERCA2a in the heart with adenoassociated virus serotype 9 vectors to validate the biological function of USP25 and SERCA2a interaction. Results: We revealed increased protein level of USP25 in murine cardiomyocytes subject to Ang II and transverse aortic constriction stimulation and in hypertrophic myocardium tissues of patients with heart failure. USP25 deficiency aggravated cardiac hypertrophy and cardiac dysfunction under Ang II and transverse aortic constriction treatment. Mechanistically, USP25 bound to SERCA2a directly via its USP (ubiquitin-specific protease) domain and cysteine at position 178 of USP25 exerts deubiquitination to maintain the stability of the SERCA2a protein by removing the K48 ubiquitin chain and preventing proteasomal pathway degradation, thereby maintaining calcium handling in cardiomyocytes. Moreover, restoration of USP25 expression via adenoassociated virus serotype 9 vectors in USP25 −/− mice attenuated Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy and cardiac dysfunction, whereas myocardial overexpression of SERCA2a could mimic the effect of USP25. Conclusions: We confirmed that USP25 inhibited cardiac hypertrophy by deubiquitinating and stabilizing SERCA2a.
Jewel Beetle Opsin Duplication and Divergence Is the Mechanism for Diverse Spectral Sensitivities
Authors: Camilla R Sharkey, Jorge Blanco, Nathan P Lord, Trevor J Wardill
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2023)

Abstract The evolutionary history of visual genes in Coleoptera differs from other well-studied insect orders, such as Lepidoptera and Diptera, as beetles have lost the widely conserved short-wavelength (SW) insect opsin gene that typically underpins sensitivity to blue light (∼440 nm). Duplications of the ancestral ultraviolet (UV) and long-wavelength (LW) opsins have occurred in many beetle lineages and have been proposed as an evolutionary route for expanded spectral sensitivity. The jewel beetles (Buprestidae) are a highly ecologically diverse and colorful family of beetles that use color cues for mate and host detection. In addition, there is evidence that buprestids have complex spectral sensitivity with up to five photoreceptor classes. Previous work suggested that opsin duplication and subfunctionalization of the two ancestral buprestid opsins, UV and LW, has expanded sensitivity to different regions of the light spectrum, but this has not yet been tested. We show that both duplications are likely unique to Buprestidae or the wider superfamily of Buprestoidea. To directly test photopigment sensitivity, we expressed buprestid opsins from two Chrysochroa species in Drosophila melanogaster and functionally characterized each photopigment type as UV- (356–357 nm), blue- (431–442 nm), green- (507–509 nm), and orange-sensitive (572–584 nm). As these novel opsin duplicates result in significantly shifted spectral sensitivities from the ancestral copies, we explored spectral tuning at four candidate sites using site-directed mutagenesis. This is the first study to directly test opsin spectral tuning mechanisms in the diverse and specious beetles.
Prehospital Needle Decompression Should Not Be Compared With Trauma Center Chest Tube Placement
Authors: Romain Jouffroy, Benoît Vivien
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2023)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
In search of therapeutic biomarkers to interleukin-23 antagonism in hidradenitis suppurativa
Authors: John W Frew
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2023)

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a debilitating inflammatory disease in desperate need of novel therapeutics.1 Only by understanding the pathogenesis of disease can we reliably identify novel therapeutic targets.1 In this edition of the BJD, Dudink et al.2 present insightful work demonstrating that T-helper (Th)17 modulation through the use of high-dose guselkumab in HS can result in both clinical benefit and downregulation of Th17, B-cell and fibro-inflammatory genes.2 This agrees with recent insights into the mechanisms of adalimumab (the sole approved biologic therapy for HS), which functions via action on B cells and plasma cells,3 suggesting a significant, unappreciated role of these cell types in the disease. The study by Dudink et al.2 illustrated that a subset of patients had significant benefit from guselkumab, but unfortunately was not powered to identify the characteristics of this patient subset. No demographic or disease characteristics correlated with clinical response in this study.2 In such a complex disease, it seems overly optimistic that one simple phenotypic therapeutic biomarker will exist (and be as-yet unidentified).4 Larger datasets from interleukin (IL)-23 clinical trials (despite their lack of success in achieving primary outcomes) would be one source of valuable data to explore these patient characteristics. As noted in previous biomarker-driven work,4 investigations of the role of inflammatory endotypes of HS through multiomics techniques are needed to yield potential therapeutic biomarkers.
Association of Academic Medical Center Presence With Clinical Outcomes at Neighboring Community Hospitals Among Medicare Beneficiaries
Authors: Laura G. Burke, Ryan C. Burke, E. John Orav, Ciara E. Duggan, Jose F. Figueroa, Ashish K. Jha
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

Importance Studies suggest that academic medical centers (AMCs) have better outcomes than nonteaching hospitals. However, whether AMCs have spillover benefits for patients treated at neighboring community hospitals is unknown. Objective To examine whether market-level AMC presence is associated with outcomes for patients treated at nonteaching hospitals within the same markets. Design, Setting, and Participants This retrospective, population-based cohort study assessed traditional Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 years and older discharged from US acute care hospitals between 2015 and 2017 (100% sample). Data were analyzed from August 2021 to December 2022. Exposures The primary exposure was market-level AMC presence. Health care markets (ie, hospital referral regions) were categorized by AMC presence (percentage of hospitalizations at AMCs) as follows: no presence (0%), low presence (&amp;amp;gt;0% to 20%), moderate presence (&amp;amp;gt;20% to 35%), and high presence (&amp;amp;gt;35%). Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcomes were 30-day and 90-day mortality and healthy days at home (HDAH), a composite outcome reflecting mortality and time spent in facility-based health care settings. Results There were 22 509 824 total hospitalizations, with 18 865 229 (83.8%) at non-AMCs. The median (IQR) age of patients was 78 (71-85) years, and 12 568 230 hospitalizations (55.8%) were among women. Of 306 hospital referral regions, 191 (62.4%) had no AMCs, 61 (19.9%) had 1 AMC, and 55 (17.6%) had 2 or more AMCs. Markets characteristics differed significantly by category of AMC presence, including mean population, median income, proportion of White residents, and physicians per population. Compared with markets with no AMC presence, receiving care at a non-AMC in a market with greater AMC presence was associated with lower 30-day mortality (9.5% vs 10.1%; absolute difference, −0.7%; 95% CI, −1.0% to −0.4%; P &amp;amp;lt; .001) and 90-day mortality (16.1% vs 16.9%; absolute difference, −0.8%; 95% CI, −1.2% to −0.4%; P &amp;amp;lt; .001) and more HDAH at 30 days (16.49 vs 16.12 HDAH; absolute difference, 0.38 HDAH; 95% CI, 0.11 to 0.64 HDAH; P = .005) and 90 days (61.08 vs 59.83 HDAH; absolute difference, 1.25 HDAH; 95% CI, 0.58 to 1.92 HDAH; P &amp;amp;lt; .001), after adjustment. There was no association between market-level AMC presence and mortality for patients treated at AMCs themselves. Conclusions and Relevance AMCs may have spillover effects on outcomes for patients treated at non-AMCs, suggesting that they have a broader impact than is traditionally recognized. These associations are greatest in markets with the highest AMC presence and persist to 90 days.
Effect of Personalized Accelerated Pacing on Quality of Life, Physical Activity, and Atrial Fibrillation in Patients With Preclinical and Overt Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Margaret Infeld, Kramer Wahlberg, Jillian Cicero, Timothy B. Plante, Sean Meagher, Alexandra Novelli, Nicole Habel, Anand Muthu Krishnan, Daniel N. Silverman, Martin M. LeWinter, Daniel L. Lustgarten, Markus Meyer
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2023)

Patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) with a pacemaker may benefit from a higher, more physiologic backup heart rate than the nominal 60 beats per minute (bpm) setting.
Assessing the Prevalence of Medical Optimization Therapy in Vascular Surgery Clinics
Authors: Antalya Jano, Allison K. Mak, Katherine M. Reitz, James McPhee, Vanita Ahuja, Philip Goodney, Edith Tzeng
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2023)

This cross-sectional study uses checklist data to assess optimal medical therapy prescribed for veterans with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
Less confident, successful and happy: patients with post-acne hyperpigmentation are stigmatized
Authors: Barbara Schuster, Julia Gallinger, Wolfgang G Philipp-Dormston, Matthäus Vasel, Alison M Layton
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2023)

Stigmatization is a major issue for individuals with acne. Using a simple but expressive study design and a large sample representative of the German general population, this study showed that individuals with residual post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) are stigmatized by the general population even in the absence of active lesions, prolonging the mental burden of acne. Considering that PIH can take years to fade, the results of this study underline the importance of preventing and treating PIH to reduce the mental burden for the affected individuals.