tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Menstrual irregularities and vaginal bleeding after COVID-19 vaccination reported to v-safe active surveillance, USA in December, 2020–January, 2022: an observational cohort study
Authors: Karen K Wong, Charles M Heilig, Anne Hause, Tanya R Myers, Christine K Olson, Julianne Gee, Paige Marquez, Penelope Strid, David K Shay
Journal: The Lancet Digital Health (2022)

BackgroundAnecdotal reports of menstrual irregularities after receiving COVID-19 vaccines have been observed in post-authorisation and post-licensure monitoring. We aimed to identify and classify reports of menstrual irregularities and vaginal bleeding after COVID-19 vaccination submitted to a voluntary active surveillance system.MethodsThis observational cohort study included recipients of a COVID-19 vaccine who were aged 18 years and older and reported their health experiences to v-safe, a voluntary smartphone-based active surveillance system for monitoring COVID-19 vaccine safety in the USA, from Dec 14, 2020, to Jan 9, 2022. Responses to survey questions on reactions after vaccination were extracted, and a pre-trained natural language inference model was used to identify and classify free-text comments related to menstruation and vaginal bleeding in response to an open-ended prompt about any symptoms at intervals after vaccination. Related responses were further categorised into themes of timing, severity, perimenopausal and postmenopausal bleeding, resumption of menses, and other responses. We examined associations between symptom theme and respondent characteristics, including vaccine type and dose number received, solicited local and systemic reactions reported, and health care sought.Findings63 815 respondents reported on menstrual irregularities or vaginal bleeding, which included 62 679 female respondents (1·0% of 5 975 363 female respondents aged ≥18 years). Common themes identified included timing of menstruation (70 981 [83·6%] responses) and severity of menstrual symptoms (56 890 [67·0%] responses). Other themes included menopausal bleeding (3439 [4·0%] responses) and resumption of menses (2378 [2·8%] responses). Respondents submitting reports related to menopausal bleeding were more likely to seek health care than were those submitting reports related to other menstruation and vaginal bleeding themes.InterpretationReports of heterogeneous symptoms related to menstruation or vaginal bleeding after COVID-19 vaccination are being submitted to v-safe, although this study is unable to characterise the relationship of these symptoms to COVID-19 vaccination. Methods that leverage pretrained models to interpret and classify unsolicited signs and symptoms in free-text reports offer promise in the initial evaluation of unexpected adverse events potentially associated with use of newly authorised or licensed vaccines.FundingCenters for Disease Control and Prevention.
Neurofibromatosis Type 2
Authors: Nuh Filizoglu, Salih Ozguven
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2022)

Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) is an autosomal-dominant tumor predisposing syndrome that results from mutations in the NF2 tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 22. The development of bilateral vestibular schwannomas is the characteristic feature of the disease. However, other nervous system tumors, including meningiomas, ependymomas, and schwannomas, can be seen frequently. Herein, we present 68 Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT findings of 2 siblings with NF2.
Respiratory indications for ECMO: focus on COVID-19
Authors: Alexander Supady, Alain Combes, Ryan P. Barbaro, Luigi Camporota, Rodrigo Diaz, Eddy Fan, Marco Giani, Carol Hodgson, Catherine L. Hough, Christian Karagiannidis, Matthias Kochanek, Ahmed A. Rabie, Jordi Riera, Arthur S. Slutsky, Daniel Brodie
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2022)
Osteomyelitis and Gentamicin-PMMA Chains
Authors: Agathe Février, Charles Boursot, Kévin Cohen Tannugi
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2022)

In chronic osteomyelitis, effective local antibiotic therapy after surgical debridement can be achieved by implantation of gentamicin-PMMA chains. The gentamicin concentrations at the site of infection are higher than that after systemic application of the same antibiotic. The appearance of this treatment is a particular aspect from a radiological point of view. Even if this is rare, these images deserve to be known when looking for osteomyelitis. We report a case of a 21-year-old man from Russia who had a bone scan in the context of chronic osteomyelitis persisting since a shin splints operation in a context of bilateral trauma in his country with antibiotic beads application.
Retraction Note to: Linc00210 drives Wnt/β-catenin signaling activation and liver tumor progression through CTNNBIP1-dependent manner
Authors: Xiaomin Fu, Xiaoyan Zhu, Fujun Qin, Yong Zhang, Jizhen Lin, Yuechao Ding, Zihe Yang, Yiman Shang, Li Wang, Qinxian Zhang, Quanli Gao
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2022)

This article has been retracted. Please see the Retraction Notice for more detail: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12943-018-0783-3.
Nationwide mortality associated with perioperative acute dialysis requirement in major surgeries
Authors: Yuta Nakano, Shintaro Mandai, Taku Genma, Yuichiro Akagi, Tamami Fujiki, Fumiaki Ando, Koichiro Susa, Takayasu Mori, Soichiro Iimori, Shotaro Naito, Eisei Sohara, Shinichi Uchida, Kiyohide Fushimi, Tatemitsu Rai
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2022)
Extrauterine Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma Mimicking Colorectal Cancer With Metastases
Authors: Bulin Du, Yan Cui, Yu Ma, Yaming Li, Xuena Li
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2022)

Extrauterine endometrial stromal sarcoma (EESS) is extremely rare, especially with the colorectum involvement. We describe 18 F-FDG PET/CT findings of EESS in the sigmoid colon and rectum in a 46-year-old woman who complained diarrhea. 18 F-FDG PET/CT revealed multiple hypermetabolic lesions in the abdomen and pelvis, including the sigmoid colon and rectum. Therefore, colorectal cancer with metastases was initially suspected; however, ultimately low-grade EESS was pathologically confirmed. Widespread EESS with intestine involvement revealed by 18 F-FDG PET/CT should be carefully distinguished from colorectal cancer with metastases.
Re: Mauro Gacci, Vasileios I. Sakalis, Markos Karavitakis, et al. European Association of Urology Guidelines on Male Urinary Incontinence. Eur Urol. In press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2022.05.012
Authors: Meng Lv, Xufei Luo, Yaolong Chen
Journal: European Urology (2022)
Post-COVID-19 condition 3 months after hospitalisation with SARS-CoV-2 in South Africa: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Murray Dryden, Caroline Mudara, Caroline Vika, Lucille Blumberg, Natalie Mayet, Cheryl Cohen, Stefano Tempia, Arifa Parker, Jeremy Nel, Rubeshan Perumal, Michelle J Groome, Francesca Conradie, Norbert Ndjeka, Louise Sigfrid, Laura Merson, Waasila Jassat
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2022)

Post COVID-19 condition (PCC), as defined by WHO, refers to a wide range of new, returning, or ongoing health problems in people who have had COVID-19, and it represents a rapidly emerging public health priority. We aimed to establish how this developing condition has affected patients in South Africa and which population groups are at risk.
FDG PET/CT in Isolated Nasal Cavity Metastasis From Squamous Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Jun Zhang, Aisheng Dong, Yang Wang
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2022)

Nasal cavity metastasis is rare. We present FDG PET/CT findings in a case with isolated nasal cavity metastasis from squamous cell lung cancer. The nasal cavity tumor invaded the nasal septum and hard palate and showed intense inhomogeneous activity, mimicking a primary malignancy. Knowledge of the atypical manifestations of metastatic lung cancer will be helpful for correct diagnosis.
A benchmark study of deep learning-based multi-omics data fusion methods for cancer
Authors: Dongjin Leng, Linyi Zheng, Yuqi Wen, Yunhao Zhang, Lianlian Wu, Jing Wang, Meihong Wang, Zhongnan Zhang, Song He, Xiaochen Bo
Journal: Genome biology (2022)

A fused method using a combination of multi-omics data enables a comprehensive study of complex biological processes and highlights the interrelationship of relevant biomolecules and their functions. Driven by high-throughput sequencing technologies, several promising deep learning methods have been proposed for fusing multi-omics data generated from a large number of samples.
Engineered Exosomes Containing Cathelicidin/LL‐37 Exhibit Multiple Biological Functions
Authors: Yajuan Su, Navatha Shree Sharma, Johnson V. John, Gitali Ganguli‐Indra, Arup K. Indra, Adrian F. Gombart, Jingwei Xie
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2022)

Exosomes show great potential in diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Inspired by the human innate immune defense, herein, we report engineered exosomes derived from monocytic cells treated with immunomodulating compounds 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D
Prevalence of occult hepatitis B virus infection in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yu Ri Im, Rukmini Jagdish, Damien Leith, Jin Un Kim, Kyoko Yoshida, Amir Majid, Yueqi Ge, Gibril Ndow, Yusuke Shimakawa, Maud Lemoine
Journal: The Lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology (2022)
Warfarin Is Associated With Higher Rates of Upper But Not Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding Compared with Direct Oral Anticoagulants: A Population-Based Propensity-Weighted Cohort Study
Authors: Arnar B. Ingason, Johann P. Hreinsson, Arnar S. Agustsson, Sigrun H. Lund, Edward Rumba, Daniel A. Palsson, Indridi E. Reynisson, Brynja R. Gudmundsdottir, Pall T. Onundarson, Einar S. Bjornsson
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2022)
Adipose mesenchymal stem cell–derived exosomal microRNAs ameliorate polycystic ovary syndrome by protecting against metabolic disturbances
Authors: Maosheng Cao, Yun Zhao, Tong Chen, Zijiao Zhao, Boqi Zhang, Chenfeng Yuan, Xin Wang, Lu Chen, Nan Wang, Chunjin Li, Xu Zhou
Journal: Biomaterials (2022)
The use of heparin/polycation coacervate sustain release system to compare the bone regenerative potentials of 5 BMPs using a critical sized calvarial bone defect model
Authors: Xueqin Gao, Mintai P. Hwang, Nathaniel Wright, Aiping Lu, Joseph J. Ruzbarsky, Matthieu Huard, Haizi Cheng, Michael Mullen, Sudheer Ravuri, Bing Wang, Yadong Wang, Johnny Huard
Journal: Biomaterials (2022)

Nonunion following bone fracture and segmental bone defects are challenging clinical conditions. To combat this clinical dilemma, development of new bone tissue engineering therapies using biocompatible materials to deliver bone growth factors is desirable. This aim of this study is to use a heparin/polycation coacervate sustained-release platform to compare 5 bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) for promoting bone defect healing in a critical sized calvarial defect model. The in vitro 3D osteogenic pellet cultures assays demonstrated that BMPs 2, 4, 6, 7 and 9 all enhanced mineralization in vitro compared to the control group. BMP2 resulted in higher mineralized volume than BMP4 and BMP6. All BMPs and the control group activated the pSMAD5 signaling pathway and expressed osterix (OSX). The binding of BMP2 with coacervate significantly increased the coacervate average particle size. BMP2, 4, 6, & 7 bound to coacervate significantly increased the Zeta potential of the coacervate while BMP9 binding showed insignificant increase. Furthermore, using a monolayer culture osteogenic assay, it was found that hMDSCs cultured in the coacervate BMP2 osteogenic medium expressed higher levels of RUNX2, OSX, ALP and COX-2 compared to the control and BMPs 4, 6, 7 & 9. Additionally, the coacervate complex can be loaded with up to 2 μg of BMP proteins for sustained release. In vivo, when BMPs were delivered using the coacervate sustained release system, BMP2 was identified to be the most potent BMP promoting bone regeneration and regenerated 10 times of new bone than BMPs 4, 6 & 9. BMP7 also stimulated robust bone regeneration when compared to BMPs 4, 6 & 9. The quality of the newly regenerated bone by all BMPs delivered by coacervate is equivalent to the host bone consisting of bone matrix and bone marrow with normal bone architecture. Although the defect was not completely healed at 6 weeks, coacervate sustain release BMPs, particularly BMP2 and BMP7, could represent a new strategy for treatment of bone defects and non-unions.
Extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal for acute respiratory failure: a review of potential indications, clinical practice and open research questions
Authors: Alain Combes, Daniel Brodie, Nadia Aissaoui, Thomas Bein, Gilles Capellier, Heidi J. Dalton, Jean-Luc Diehl, Stefan Kluge, Daniel F. McAuley, Matthieu Schmidt, Arthur S. Slutsky, Samir Jaber
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2022)
Gold nanoparticles targeting the autophagy–lysosome system to combat the inflammation-compromised osteogenic potential of periodontal ligament stem cells: From mechanism to therapy
Authors: Yuan Yin, Bei-Min Tian, Xuan Li, Yao-Cheng Yu, Dao-Kun Deng, Li-Juan Sun, Hong-Lei Qu, Rui-Xin Wu, Xin-Yue Xu, Hai-Hua Sun, Ying An, Xiao-Tao He, Fa-Ming Chen
Journal: Biomaterials (2022)
Nanodrug enhances post-ablation immunotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma via promoting dendritic cell maturation and antigen presentation
Authors: Zecong Xiao, Tan Li, Xinyao Zheng, Liteng Lin, Xiaobin Wang, Bo Li, Jingjun Huang, Yong Wang, Xintao Shuai, Kangshun Zhu
Journal: Bioactive Materials (2022)

Thermal ablation (TA) as an effective method treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in clinics is facing great challenges of high recurrence and metastasis. Although immune-checkpoint blockade (ICB)-based immunotherapy has shown potential to inhibit recurrence and metastasis, the combination strategy of ICB and thermal ablation has shown little progress in HCC treatments. The tremendous hurdle for combining ICB with thermal ablation lies with the insufficient antigen internalization and immaturity of tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells (TIDCs) which leads to an inferior immune response to distant tumor growth and metastasis. Herein, an antigen-capturing nanoplatform, whose surface was modified with mannose as a targeting ligand, was constructed for co-delivering tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) and m6A demethylases inhibitor (i.e., fat mass and obesity associated gene (FTO) inhibitor) into TIDCs. In vivo results demonstrate that the intratumoral injection of nanodrug followed by HCC thermal ablation promotes dendritic cells (DCs) maturation, improves tumor infiltration of effector T cells and generates immune memory, which synergize with ICB treatment to inhibit the distant tumor growth and lung metastasis. Therefore, the antigen-capturing and FTO-inhibiting nanodrug holds potential to boost the ICB-based immunotherapy against HCC after thermal ablation.
Effective Tumor Debulking with Ibrutinib Before Initiation of Venetoclax: Results from the CAPTIVATE Minimal Residual Disease and Fixed-Duration Cohorts
Authors: Paul M. Barr, Alessandra Tedeschi, William G. Wierda, John N. Allan, Paolo Ghia, Daniele Vallisa, Ryan Jacobs, Susan O'Brien, Andrew P. Grigg, Patricia Walker, Cathy Zhou, Joi Ninomoto, Gabriel Krigsfeld, Constantine S. Tam
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2022)

Abstract Purpose: The phase II CAPTIVATE study investigated first-line treatment with ibrutinib plus venetoclax for chronic lymphocytic leukemia in two cohorts: minimal residual disease (MRD)-guided randomized treatment discontinuation (MRD cohort) and fixed duration (FD cohort). We report tumor debulking and tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) risk category reduction with three cycles of single-agent ibrutinib lead-in before initiation of venetoclax using pooled data from the MRD and FD cohorts. Patients and Methods: In both cohorts, patients initially received three cycles of ibrutinib 420 mg/day then 12 cycles of ibrutinib plus venetoclax (5-week ramp-up to 400 mg/day). Results: In the total population (N = 323), the following decreases from baseline to after ibrutinib lead-in were observed: percentage of patients with a lymph node diameter ≥5 cm decreased from 31% to 4%, with absolute lymphocyte count ≥25 × 109/L from 76% to 65%, with high tumor burden category for TLS risk from 23% to 2%, and with an indication for hospitalization (high TLS risk, or medium TLS risk and creatinine clearance &amp;lt;80 mL/minute) from 43% to 18%. Laboratory TLS per Howard criteria occurred in one patient; no clinical TLS was observed. Conclusions: Three cycles of ibrutinib lead-in before venetoclax initiation provides effective tumor debulking, decreases the TLS risk category and reduces the need for hospitalization for intensive monitoring for TLS.
Comment: The Reclassification of Hodgkin's Disease
Authors: Philip Rubin
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Cooperationking is a major factor in increasing survival rates in Hodgkin's disease. Undisciplinary management of Hodgkin's disease is no longer acceptable; the "old style" tumor board where specialists competed for cases is moving toward "staging conferences." The internist, radiation therapist, surgeon, diagnostic radiologist, and pathologist carefully assess the findings and jointly decide upon treatment. The definition of stage of disease is meaningful in determination of the sequence of therapeutic steps and in the reporting of end results. For these reasons, the remainder of this comment will deal with the reclassification of Hodgkin's disease that was developed in Ann Arbor, Mich in 1971 and presented publicly in St. Louis, Mo, from Oct 7 to 9,1971, at an informational symposium on Hodgkin's disease sponsored by the Cancer Clinical Investigation Review Committee of the National Cancer Institute.<sup>74</sup>The old classifications are presented in Fig 1 and Table 8<sup>1, 75-77</sup>; some considerations
Epigenetics, DNA damage, and aging
Authors: Carolina Soto-Palma, Laura J. Niedernhofer, Christopher D. Faulk, Xiao Dong
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2022)

Over the course of a human lifespan, genome integrity erodes, leading to an increased abundance of several types of chromatin changes. The abundance of DNA lesions (chemical perturbations to nucleotides) increases with age, as does the number of genomic mutations and transcriptional disruptions caused by replication or transcription of those lesions, respectively. At the epigenetic level, precise DNA methylation patterns degrade, likely causing increasingly stochastic variations in gene expression. Similarly, the tight regulation of histone modifications begins to unravel. The genomic instability caused by these mechanisms allows transposon element reactivation and remobilization, further mutations, gene dysregulation, and cytoplasmic chromatin fragments. This cumulative genomic instability promotes cell signaling events that drive cell fate decisions and extracellular communications known to disrupt tissue homeostasis and regeneration. In this Review, we focus on age-related epigenetic changes and their interactions with age-related genomic changes that instigate these events.
Upregulated PD-1 signaling antagonizes glomerular health in aged kidneys and disease
Authors: Jeffrey W. Pippin, Natalya Kaverina, Yuliang Wang, Diana G. Eng, Yuting Zeng, Uyen Tran, Carol J. Loretz, Anthony Chang, Shreeram Akilesh, Chetan Poudel, Hannah S. Perry, Christopher O’Connor, Joshua C. Vaughan, Markus Bitzer, Oliver Wessely, Stuart J. Shankland
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2022)

With an aging population, kidney health becomes an important medical and socioeconomic factor. Kidney aging mechanisms are not well understood. We previously showed that podocytes isolated from aged mice exhibit increased expression of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) surface receptor and its 2 ligands (PD-L1 and PD-L2). PDCD1 transcript increased with age in microdissected human glomeruli, which correlated with lower estimated glomerular filtration rate and higher segmental glomerulosclerosis and vascular arterial intima-to-lumen ratio. In vitro studies in podocytes demonstrated a critical role for PD-1 signaling in cell survival and in the induction of a senescence-associated secretory phenotype. To prove PD-1 signaling was critical to podocyte aging, aged mice were injected with anti–PD-1 antibody. Treatment significantly improved the aging phenotype in both kidney and liver. In the glomerulus, it increased the life span of podocytes, but not that of parietal epithelial, mesangial, or endothelial cells. Transcriptomic and immunohistochemistry studies demonstrated that anti–PD-1 antibody treatment improved the health span of podocytes. Administering the same anti–PD-1 antibody to young mice with experimental focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) lowered proteinuria and improved podocyte number. These results suggest a critical contribution of increased PD-1 signaling toward both kidney and liver aging and in FSGS.
Metabolic changes in aging humans: current evidence and therapeutic strategies
Authors: Allyson K Palmer, Michael D Jensen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2022)

Aging and metabolism are inextricably linked, and many age-related changes in body composition, including increased central adiposity and sarcopenia, have underpinnings in fundamental aging processes. These age-related changes are further exacerbated by a sedentary lifestyle and can be in part prevented by maintenance of activity with aging. Here we explore the age-related changes seen in individual metabolic tissues - adipose, muscle, and liver - as well as globally in older adults. We also discuss the available evidence for therapeutic interventions such as caloric restriction, resistance training, and senolytic and senomorphic drugs to maintain healthy metabolism with aging, focusing on data from human studies.
Immunodeficiency and autoimmunity: companions not opposites
Authors: David A. Fox
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2022)

Autoimmunity has long been regarded as the polar opposite of immunodeficiency, but clinical and experimental evidence refute this notion. Indeed, numerous inborn or acquired immunodeficiency syndromes are characterized by the development of autoimmune complications in the setting of deficient immune defenses against microbial pathogens. Appreciation that much of the daily business of a healthy immune system is the avoidance of potentially harmful responses to innocuous environmental antigens or components of the host organism helps provide a context for these observations. In this issue of the JCI, Abt and colleagues report on purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) deficiency, exploring the basis for the autoimmune complications that develop in this particular form of T cell immune deficiency and assigning a key role for overactivation of TLR7.
TSHZ1-dependent gene regulation is essential for olfactory bulb development and olfaction
Authors: Daniela Ragancokova, Elena Rocca, Anne M.M. Oonk, Herbert Schulz, Elvira Rohde, Jan Bednarsch, Ilse Feenstra, Ronald J.E. Pennings, Hagen Wende, Alistair N. Garratt
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2022)

The description of the primers for ChIP and the size of the Prokr2 PCR fragment were incorrect in the Methods.The correct text is below.We showed results for 2 sets of primers: promoter (5′-CACACTCCAACTCTGCACACTTAGT-3′ and 5′-ACTGAATTAGGGTCT-CAGACTTCCG-3′; 154 bp), which served as a negative control for binding in the promoter sequence, and intron 1 (5′-TTCAGGGC-CATTTCAAGCACGGCTA-3′ and 5′-ATACCCTCTTCTGGCCTCAGACAGT-3′; 235 bp), which served to detect a putative binding site of TSHZ1 in the first intron of Prokr2.In addition, we have corrected errors in the text in the legend of Supplemental Figure 1C and in the Supplemental Methods in the description of the generation of mice.The authors regret the errors.