tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Large Colonic Intraluminal Mass in a Young Man With Chronic Diarrhea
Authors: Robert J. Gould
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>History</h3> A 22-year-old man with a 12-year history of intermittent abdominal pain and diarrhea had an exacerbation of the diarrhea and weight loss. Representative roentgenograms of an air-contrast barium enema examination (Figs 1 and 2) are illustrated. A single-contrast barium enema study performed five years earlier had shown similar findings. <h3>Diagnosis</h3> Giant postinflammatory pseudopolyposis of Crohn's colon. <h3>Comment</h3> The supine roentgenogram from the air-contrast barium enema examination (Fig 1) demonstrated multiple sessile- and filiform-appearing polyps in the ascending, transverse, and descending colon. The sigmoid colon and rectum (not shown) were normal. A spot x-ray film (Fig 2) of the hepatic flexure showed a 5-cm polyp that had incorporated several filiform polyps. The presence of multiple filiform- and sessile-appearing polyps in a patient with a long history of gastrointestinal complaints indicative of inflammatory bowel disease should strongly suggest postinflammatory pseudopolyposis. The sparing of the rectosigmoid and asymmetric involvement of the more
Bacteria and their Products.
Journal: JAMA (1891)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Phytobezoar in an Addict: The Cotton-Picking Stomach Syndrome
Authors: William S. Kaden
Journal: JAMA (1969)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> A patient is presented who manifested signs of intermittent gastric obstruction due to the ingestion of absorbent cotton pledgets used in association with his narcotics habit. Recent publications<sup>1,2</sup>have discussed the medical complications of narcotics addiction. The described patient presents an unusual complication of the habits of the addict. <h3>Report of a Case:</h3> A 25-year-old man presented with a four-month history of episodes which began by belching a foul-smelling material, persisting for 24 hours, and followed by copious vomiting of malodorous material in which particles of food ingested the previous day were sometimes identifiable. There was no associated abdominal pain, preceding nausea, and no similar history or history of gastrointestinal disease in general. After the vomiting the patient felt quite well until the following week, at which time the episode would be repeated. He had been withdrawn from heroin previously and was taking methadone (Dolophine) hydrochloride
At Last, a Rational Way to Pay for Physicians' Services?
Authors: James S. Todd
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Change is the one constant in health care today. New technologies, emerging diseases, an aging population, economic and budgetary pressures, and just plain politics are exerting a profound effect on how we physicians care for our patients. Like life's passage, change is indifferent to whether one likes it or not. If change cannot be avoided, at least it can be influenced by reason and goodwill. The American Medical Association (AMA) has attempted to do just that for the vexing question of how Medicare should pay for physicians' services. At least four years ago, the AMA concluded that change was coming in this area. New and often frightening "solutions" were being proposed to deal with what was fundamentally a budgetary problem: expenditures under Part B of Medicare for physicians' services were more than the federal government believed it could afford. The Association's Board of Trustees and House of Delegates understood well
The Significance of Yellow Bone
Authors: Sally A. Oklund
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Tetracycline binds to growing bone and imparts a brilliant and fluorescent yellow to this tissue. The cumulative deposition of tetracycline in cortical bone during many years resulted in levels of 156, 270, and 290 μg/g, respectively, of bone wet weight in three patients who used this antibiotic for acne vulgaris. Although tetracycline in high doses impairs mineralization of growing bone in the fetus and young, its long-term use in therapeutic dosages in the human adult has no known deleterious effect. Yellow bone appears safe for the human carrier and as a transplantable tissue. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;246:761-763)
Lithium Ion Toxicity and Pregnancy
Authors: Morton R. Weinstein
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Wilbanks et al (<b>213</b>: 865-867, 1970) describe a case of acute postpartum lithium ion toxicity affecting both mother and neonate. They conclude that the rapid increase of serum lithium to toxic levels which developed immediately following delivery resulted from the hemodynamic and metabolic changes of parturition. "The effects of diuretics during the last trimester and the hemodynamic and hormonal changes occurring with delivery may lead to unpredictable changes in lithium ion balance and a toxic conditions" [italics added]. They caution against the use of lithium ion late in pregnancy. We agree with Wilbanks et al and others about the need for caution in the use of lithium during pregnancy<sup>1-4</sup>but we do not agree that the toxicity their patient developed was unpredictable, or that it was caused chiefly by lithium ion itself. The patient described by Wilbanks et al received diuretics intermittently throughout the last month
Mild Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Martin H. Steinberg
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Twenty-one patients with mild sickle cell disease (MSD) between 18 and 56 years of age had mild, infrequent, or no pain crises, were active or employed, and led relatively normal lives. Mean hemoglobin concentration, reticulocyte count, and hemoglobin A<sub>2</sub>and F levels did not distinguish this group from a smaller group of patients with typical sickle cell anemia (SSA). On the basis of electrophoresis, hemoglobin H preparations, and distribution of hemoglobin F in erythrocytes, there was no evidence for thalassemia, hereditary persistence of hemoglobin F, or other hemoglobinopathies that might modify the course of SSA. There may be many host or environmental factors that protect individuals with MSD. Knowledge of these may suggest new therapeutic strategies for the control of SSA.
Awards, Appointments, Announcements
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1993)

Journal Article Awards, Appointments, Announcements Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 85, Issue 3, 3 February 1993, Pages 188–189, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/85.3.188 Published: 03 February 1993
Grafts vs Fistulas for Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Glenn M. Chertow
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Long-term vascular access is required in all hemodialysis patients in order to achieve blood flow rates sufficient for removal of metabolic by-products (eg, urea, creatinine, and other nitrogenous compounds) and excess plasma water. There are 2 principal means of creating permanent vascular access for hemodialysis: an endogenous arteriovenous fistula (also known as a shunt), described initially by Brescia et al,<sup>1</sup>using an end-to-side anastomosis of the cephalic vein and radial artery, and a synthetic polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) arteriovenous graft, preferably placed in the distal upper extremity. Randomized clinical trial data comparing these 2 types of vascular access have not been performed, but many years of clinical experience and several observational studies have shown a marked increase in the rate of complications and access failure with PTFE grafts, due primarily to repeated bouts of thrombosis and infection.<sup>2-5</sup>As of December 1993, only 44% of patients initiating hemodialysis had undergone placement
Experimental Alterations in Gastric Mucosal Cellular Population in Dogs
Authors: Wallace P. Ritchie
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Although the pathophysiology of peptic ulcer is complex and its etiology obscure, it seems clear that the presence of acid is essential to the development of this disease entity. While hypersecretion of hydrochloric acid is not invariably encountered clinically, it is significant that the highest levels of acid secretion ever recorded have been found in patients with the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, certainly the most virulent form of the peptic ulcer diathesis extant. In 1960, Card and Marks<sup>1</sup>demonstrated that a direct relationship existed between the maximal secretory ability of the canine stomach and its parietal cell population. The subsequent communication of Polacek and Ellison<sup>2</sup>in 1963, showing that the number of parietal cells was increased an average of threefold in patients with duodenal ulcer and eightfold in those with the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, suggests that one of the basic mechanisms of peptic ulceration may be an overabundance of gastric acid
Effect of High-Dose Amoxicillin on the Prevalence of Penicillin-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in Rural Alaska
Authors: Thomas W. Hennessy
Journal: JAMA (2002)

To the Editor: Drs Wachter and Goldman1 acknowledge that the growth of the hospitalist movement may result in more discontinuity of care. In addition, physicians may lose some of their clinical skills after prolonged absence from the hospital setting.
Effects of ethanol on prostanoid production by liver fat-storing cells
Authors: Robert Flisiak, Enrique Baraona, Jianjun Li, Charles S. Lieber
Journal: Hepatology (1993)

Fat-storing cells participate in the development of alcoholic liver disease. To study possible effects of ethanol on prostaglandin metabolism by fat-storing cells, we isolated them from normal rat liver. Cultured fat-storing cells produced substantial amounts (DNA, about 2 ng/μg every 24 hr) of prostaglandin E 2 and prostaglandin I 2 (measured as 6-keto prostaglandin F 1α ) but no significant amounts of prostaglandin F 2α . This production was markedly enhanced by the addition of ethanol in concentrations likely to occur in the blood during alcohol consumption. We confirmed the presence of class 1 alcohol dehydrogenase activity and isoenzymes in the cytosol of cultured fat-storing cells in their second passage. The stimulatory effect of ethanol was inhibited by 4-methylpyrazole (an alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor), exaggerated by disulfiram (an aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor) and reproduced by concentrations of acetaldehyde likely to occur in the liver. Thus, our results indicate that fat-storing cells produce vasodilatory prostaglandins and that this production is enhanced by the acetaldehyde that results from the oxidation of ethanol catalized by alcohol dehydrogenase present in these cells. (Hepatology 1993;18:153-159).
Arterial Blood Gases in Acutely Ill Patients
Authors: Gordon L. Snider
Journal: JAMA (1968)

The value of spirometry as a first step in clinical assessment of pulmonary function has been previously outlined.<sup>1</sup>This presentation will concern itself primarily with the value of arterial blood gas measurements in caring for the acutely ill patient who is in the hospital with lung disease. <h3>Methodology.—</h3> Methods of blood gas analysis have been comprehensively discussed recently<sup>2,3</sup>and will receive only brief mention here. The Van Slyke manometric technique of measuring arterial O<sub>2</sub>content and saturation (Sao<sub>2</sub>)<sup>1</sup>remains a standard of reference in many research laboratories but is not very useful in clinical practice. Measurement of O<sub>2</sub>saturation by the photoelectric reflectance method is adequate for clinical purposes. However, determination of arterial O<sub>2</sub>tension (Pao<sub>2</sub>) by the Clark membrane-covered polarographic electrode often provides additional information. If in addition to the Po<sub>2</sub>, the pH and temperature are known, the O<sub>2</sub>
Diet and Hygiene in Diseases of the Skin.
Journal: JAMA (1913)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effect of Lithocholic Acid on the Mutagenicity of Some Substituted Aromatic Amines&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN4"&gt;4&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Kawalek, J. C., Hallmark, R. K., Andrews, A. W.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1983)

Journal Article Effect of Lithocholic Acid on the Mutagenicity of Some Substituted Aromatic Amines Get access J. C. Kawalek, J. C. Kawalek 6 6Address reprint request to Dr. Kawalek at his present address: Division of Veterinary Medical Research, Bureau of Veterinary Medicine, Food and Drug Administration, Agricultural Research Center—East, Building 328A, Beltsville, Md. 20705. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. K. Hallmark, R. K. Hallmark Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A. W. Andrews A. W. Andrews Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 71, Issue 2, August 1983, Pages 293–298, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/71.2.293 Published: 01 August 1983 Article history Received: 31 July 1981 Revision received: 11 March 1983 Accepted: 18 March 1983 Published: 01 August 1983
Leukemia Induced by 7,8,12-Trimethylbenz[&lt;italic&gt;a&lt;/italic&gt;]anthracene in Rats. II. Changes in Bone Marrow&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Colin Bird
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1972)

Repeated pulse-doses of 7,8,12-trimethylbenz[a]anthracene initially induced severe hypoplasia of bone marrow in Long-Evans rats. Later, leukemia developed in high incidence with invariable involvement of bone marrow, whereas the thymus was rarely implicated. A characteristic osteopathy developed in rats with leukemia. In long bones, bone marrow adjacent to the metaphysis was sclerosed and often contained irregular trabeculae of new woven bone, whereas the cortex of the shaft was usually thickened. After repeated hydrocarbon treatment the “physiological anemia” of weanling rats failed to regress and this was ascribed to the severe reduction of erythropoiesis in the hypoplastic bone marrow. In bone marrow of normal rats, activity of lactate dehydrogenase exceeded that of malate dehydrogenase; in rats with leukemia, a significant increase in activity of lactate dehydrogenase was observed, whereas malate dehydrogenase remained unchanged. In hypoplastic bone marrow, lactate dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase activity was significantly reduced, but reduction in alkaline phosphatase activity was associated only with the most severe grades of marrow hypoplasia.
Increasing the Completion of the Durable Power of Attorney for Health Care
Authors: Susan M. Rubin
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —Wider use of written advance directives may prevent many ethical dilemmas about life-sustaining interventions for patients who have lost decision-making capacity. We investigated whether a simple educational intervention increased patient completion of the durable power of attorney for health care. <h3>Design.</h3> —A randomized, controlled trial. <h3>Setting.</h3> —A health maintenance organization. <h3>Subjects.</h3> —All patients aged 65 years and older and discharged from a hospital between January 1991 and May 1991 (n=1101) were randomized to either an intervention group or a control group. <h3>Intervention.</h3> —An educational pamphlet on the durable power of attorney for health care and a durable power of attorney for health care form were mailed to all patients in the intervention group. The control group received conventional care only. <h3>Main Outcome Measure.</h3> —Completion of the durable power of attorney for health care form. <h3>Results.</h3> —There were no significant baseline differences between the intervention group and the control group. Following our intervention, 18.5% of the subjects in the experimental group completed a durable power of attorney for health care form, compared with 0.4% of the control group (<i>P</i>&lt;.0001). <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —A simple educational intervention significantly increased the completion of the durable power of attorney for health care. Our findings should stimulate further efforts to empower patients to make informed decisions about their health care. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1994;271:209-212)
Oral Solutions for Fluid and Electrolyte Replacement
Authors: William H. Meroney
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I am concerned with the scope of Dr Westerman's response to the query, "What are the established clinical uses of commercial electrolyte mixtures for volume repletion?" in the<i>JAMA</i>QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS section (1982;248:370). The advice offered limits the use of oral electrolyte replacement therapy to the needs of athletes during prolonged exertion in hot weather or industrial workers in protective clothing or excessive ambient heat. The problems of the armed forces in the training of recruits, especially, might have been included, since their path to effective oral fluid and electrolyte replacement was long and sometimes unfortunate. It is doubtful, however, that any of the previously mentioned circumstances present a problem great enough to prompt the question. More likely, it seems, severe diarrhea, especially in infants, would be the principal indication, and, in such a situation, oral replacement fluids have great advantages. They can be prepared and
Diseases of the Throat, Nose and Ear.
Journal: JAMA (1913)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Embryology and Transplantation Immunology: A Synthesis in Sex Differentiation
Authors: Raymond L. Teplitz
Journal: JAMA (1978)

The mechanism of sex determination has been a scientific concern surely as old as the origin of embryology. It is interesting, therefore, that studies of the H-Y antigen should result in a major integration of the related fields, sex differentiation and the general dynamics of embryology. Progress in this direction became possible once molecular biology had determined that the genetic material was DNA and that cellular activity encoded therein was decoded via transcription of the message into messenger RNA and translation via interaction of transfer RNA and ribosomes. Embryology was dramatically changed. It has become understood that ontogeny must involve a programmatic reading of genetic sequences. What has been one of the concerns of embryologists recently is this question: how is information crucial for each developmental step distributed among cells? Clearly, there are several possibilities: A molecule may be exchanged freely among cells and, therefore, may or may not require
Projections of the Number of Persons Diagnosed With AIDS and the Number of Immunosuppressed HIV-Infected Persons—United States, 1992-1994
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal