tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cambridge Hybrid Closed-Loop System in Very Young Children With Type 1 Diabetes Reduces Caregivers’ Fear of Hypoglycemia and Improves Their Well-being
Authors: Carine de Beaufort, Ulrike Schierloh, Ajay Thankamony, Julia Ware, Malgorzata E. Wilinska, Elke Fröhlich-Reiterer, Thomas M. Kapellen, Birgit Rami-Merhar, Sabine E. Hofer, Fiona M. Campbell, James Yong, Laura E. Bocchino, Judy Sibayan, Julia Lawton, Stephane Roze, Maria Fritsch, Alena Thiele, Janet M. Allen, Charlotte Boughton, Julia K. Mader, Craig Kollman, Roman Hovorka, Ineke M. Pit-ten Cate, Roman Hovorka, Carlo L. Acerini, Ajay Thankamony, Charlotte K. Boughton, Klemen Dovc, Julia Ware, Gianluca Musolino, Malgorzata E. Wilinska, Janet M. Allen, Sara Hartnell, Yue Ruan, Nicole Ashcroft, Matthew Haydock, Catherine Hill, Carine de Beaufort, Ulrike Schierloh, Muriel Fichelle, Dominique Schaeffer, Elke Fröhlich-Reiterer, Maria Fritsch, Hildegard Jasser-Nitsche, Julia K. Mader, Kerstin Faninger, Thomas M. Kapellen, Heike Bartelt, Alena Thiele, Birgit Rami-Merhar, Gabriele Berger, Nicole Blauensteiner, Renata Gellai, Katrin Nagl, Martin Tauschmann, Sarah Cvach, Sonja Katzenbeisser-Pawlik, Sabine E. Hofer, Daniela Abt, Anita Malik, Barbara Lanthaler, Matthias Wenzel, Fiona Campbell, James Yong, Emily Metcalfe, Majorie Allen, Sarah Ambler, Saima Waheed, Jane Exall, Joseph Tulip
Journal: Diabetes Care (2022)

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of CamAPS FX hybrid closed-loop (HCL) automated insulin delivery in very young children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) on caregivers’ well-being, fear of hypoglycemia, and sleepiness. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted a multinational, open-label, randomized crossover study. Children (age 1–7 years) with T1D received treatment for two 4-month periods in random order, comparing HCL with sensor augmented pump (control). At baseline and after each treatment period, caregivers were invited to complete World Health Organization–Five Well-Being Index, Hypoglycemia Fear Survey, and Epworth Sleepiness Scale questionnaires. RESULTS Caregivers of 74 children (mean ± SD age 5 ± 2 years and baseline HbA1c 7.3 ± 0.7%; 42% female) participated. Results revealed significantly lower scores for hypoglycemia fear (P &amp;lt; 0.001) and higher scores for well-being (P &amp;lt; 0.001) after HCL treatment. A trend toward a reduction in sleepiness score was observed (P = 0.09). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest better well-being and less hypoglycemia fear in caregivers of very young children with T1D on CamAPS FX HCL.
Predicting Peri-intubation Cardiovascular Instability: Preintubation Vital Signs Are Vital
Authors: Daniel E. Leisman, Jerome C. Crowley
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2022)

"Predicting Peri-intubation Cardiovascular Instability: Pre-Intubation Vital Signs are Vital." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 0(ja), pp. –
Reply to Leisman and Crowley
Authors: Vincenzo Russotto, Giacomo Bellani, John G. Laffey
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2022)

"Reply to: “Predicting Peri-intubation Cardiovascular Instability: Pre-Intubation Vital Signs are Vital”." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 0(ja), pp. –
Tislelizumab in Patients with Previously Treated Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma (RATIONALE-208): A Multicenter, Non-Randomized, Open-Label, Phase 2 Trial
Authors: Zhenggang Ren, Michel Ducreux, Ghassan K. Abou-Alfa, Philippe Merle, Weijia Fang, Julien Edeline, Zhiwei Li, Lihua Wu, Eric Assenat, Sheng Hu, Lorenza Rimassa, Tao Zhang, Jean-Frédéric Blanc, Hongming Pan, Paul Ross, Chia-Jui Yen, Albert Tran, Guoliang Shao, Mohamed Bouattour, Yajin Chen, Tim Meyer, Jinlin Hou, David Tougeron, Yuxian Bai, Ming-Mo Hou, Zhiqiang Meng, John Wu, Vincent Li, Sandra Chica-Duque, Ann-Lii Cheng
Journal: Liver Cancer (2022)

Tislelizumab (anti-programmed cell death protein 1 antibody) showed preliminary antitumor activity and tolerability in patients with advanced solid tumors, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of tislelizumab in patients with previously treated advanced HCC.The multiregional phase 2 study RATIONALE-208 examined single-agent tislelizumab (200 mg intravenously every 3 weeks) in patients with advanced HCC with Child-Pugh A, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage B or C, and who had received one or more prior lines of systemic therapy. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR), radiologically confirmed per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1 by the Independent Review Committee. Safety was assessed in patients who received ≥1 dose of tislelizumab.Between April 9, 2018, and February 27, 2019, 249 eligible patients were enrolled and treated. After a median study follow-up of 12.7 months, ORR was 13% (n = 32/249; 95% confidence interval [CI], 9-18), including five complete and 27 partial responses. The number of prior lines of therapy did not impact ORR (one prior line, 13% [95% CI, 8-20]; two or more prior lines, 13% [95% CI, 7-20]). Median duration of response was not reached. The disease control rate was 53%, and median overall survival was 13.2 months. Of the 249 total patients, grade ≥3 treatment-related adverse events were reported in 38 (15%) patients; the most common was liver transaminase elevations in 10 (4%) patients. Treatment-related adverse events led to treatment discontinuation in 13 (5%) patients or dose delay in 46 (19%) patients. No deaths were attributed to the treatment per investigator assessment.Tislelizumab demonstrated durable objective responses, regardless of the number of prior lines of therapy, and acceptable tolerability in patients with previously treated advanced HCC.
A neuronal action of sirtuin 1 suppresses bone mass in young and aging mice
Authors: Na Luo, Ioanna Mosialou, Mattia Capulli, Brygida Bisikirska, Chyuan-Sheng Lin, Yung-yu Huang, Peter T. Shyu, X. Edward Guo, Aris Economides, J. John Mann, Stavroula Kousteni
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2022)

The various functions of the skeleton are influenced by extracellular cues, hormones, and neurotransmitters. One type of neuronal regulation favors bone mass accrual by inhibiting sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity. This observation raises questions about the transcriptional mechanisms regulating catecholamine synthesis. Using a combination of genetic and pharmacological studies, we found that the histone deacetylase sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a transcriptional modulator of the neuronal control of bone mass. Neuronal SIRT1 reduced bone mass by increasing SNS signaling. SIRT1 did so by increasing expression of monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A), a SIRT1 target that reduces brain serotonin levels by inducing its catabolism and by suppressing tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (Tph2) expression and serotonin synthesis in the brain stem. SIRT1 upregulated brain catecholamine synthesis indirectly through serotonin, but did not directly affect dopamine β hydroxylase (Dbh) expression in the locus coeruleus. These results help us to understand skeletal changes associated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and may have implications for treating skeletal and metabolic diseases.
Drugs That Wouldn't Die
Authors: Michael Weintraub
Journal: JAMA (1986)

MEDICAL practitioners and patients have more influence over pharmaceutical companies than they realize. In at least five instances, pressure from consumers and prescribers of medications has changed a pharmaceutical company's marketing decision. Unprofitable drugs, initially removed from the market primarily for financial reasons, were reinstated in response to medical information and intervention, with little hope of increased sales. In this report, we review five "drugs that wouldn't die" and the circumstances of their withdrawal and remarketing that demonstrate that the pharmaceutical industry will respond to patients' and physicians' needs. The "drugs that wouldn't die" referred to above are not orphan drugs (those that would be beneficial to small populations or that are not patentable and so have limited sales potential<sup>1</sup>). These medications were initially developed for an indication with a potentially large market, but were subsequently supplanted by other therapeutic agents with respect to their primary indication. Because these
Developmental Anatomy: A Text-Book and Laboratory Manual of Embryology.
Journal: JAMA (1931)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Diabetes Insipidus Complicating Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Authors: Ellis J. VanSlyck
Journal: JAMA (1969)

A 31-year-old female schoolteacher had acute thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). Treatment with heparin sodium by intravenous drip was given within the first 24 hours after hospitalization, continued for 40 days, and supplemented by high doses of steroids. Three trials of dextran 75 caused episodes of clinical deterioration. During the third week of illness, transient diabetes insipidus, confirmed by appropriate tests, developed. To our knowledge, it has not previously been reported in association with TTP. The patient has remained well 12 months after her recovery.
Aerodynamic Handlebars: Rider Arrives Before Bicycle
Authors: Michael P. Resnick
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —A radical advance in bicycle handlebars has allowed riders to increase their speed by adopting a more aerodynamic position (Figure). This was most dramatically demonstrated by Greg Lemond's victories in the Tour de France. The publicity generated by this race has led significant numbers of cyclists to add these bars to their bicycles. This development may have serious health risks. One of us (R.A.Y.), an experienced cyclist, was traveling downhill at 50 km/h when he fell from the bicycle, suffering multiple facial injuries and a tripod fracture of the zygoma, despite wearing a helmet. These bars present an increased danger for several reasons: (1) they allow relatively novice riders to attain higher speeds; (2) they are usually ridden in a position that does not allow quick access to brake levers; (3) they change the weight distribution of the rider to one that is significantly less stable than
Selective calmodulin antagonists fail to inhibit phorbol ester-induced superoxide anion release from human neutrophils: effects of antifungal azole derivatives
Authors: L. HEGEMANN, G. F. WEBSTER, K. WOLFF
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

Summary The ability of antifungal azole derivatives to inhibit superoxide anion release from human leucocytes and the relevance of their documented calmodulin (CaM) antagonism was investigated with respect to anti-inflammatory drug activity. Econazole, miconazole and clotrimazole were found to inhibit phorbol ester-induced release of superoxide anions from human polymurphonuclear leucocytes effectively with IC50 values in the range of 36–162 μmol/1. In contrast, bifonazole and ketoconazole produced minimal or no inhibition, thus suggesting that mechanisms other than inhibition of superoxide anion release may largely account for their clinical activity in inflammatory skin disorders. The selective CaM antagonist J-8, which was used as a reference, failed to inhibit the release process, whereas W-7 as a dual CaM/protein kinase C inhibitor induced dose-dependent inhibition. When tested on protein kinuse C activity in vitro, econazole, miconazole and clotrimazole were inhibitory, but bifonazole and ketoconazole were without significant effect. It is thus concluded that inhibition of superoxide anion release reflects the ability of these drugs to inhibit protein kinase C, but not their potency to antagonize CaM. Given the role of reactive oxygen species in lissue damage hy neutrophils. we propose protein kinase C, rather than CaM, as another potential target of anti-inflammatory therapy.
Spirometric Evaluation of Ventilatory Function
Authors: Gordon L. Snider
Journal: JAMA (1966)

There is general agreement that evaluation of ventilatory function by spirometry is the first step in the clinical assessment of pulmonary function. Terminology, methodology, and standards for the prediction of spirometric indices have been outlined in a recent report.<sup>1</sup> The vital capacity (VC) is a measure of the stroke volume of the thoracic bellows, and many factors may decrease it. Some, such as kyphoscoliosis, neuromuscular disorders, and destruction of lung tissue, are permanent; others, such as left ventricular heart failure, pleural effusion, and ascites, are reversible and their course may be followed by serial measurement of the VC. Unlike the VC, indices which relate time and volume provide a measure of breathing capacity and of airway obstruction. The maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV) is a good measure of ability to move air and, when reduced proportionately more than the VC, indicates airway obstruction. However, the test is fatiguing, requires a
Diabetes Calling Card
Authors: Kenneth M. Halprin
Journal: JAMA (1966)

The diabetic state is usually manifested by the well-known vascular lesions occurring in the eye and kidney. However, there is also a skin manifestation with striking hues of brown, red, yellow, and purple due to vascular damage, which clamors for attention. This lesion is not only a sign of overt diabetes, but also of the "prediabetic" state and may occur several years before any abnormality in carbohydrate metabolism can be found. Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum (NLD) usually appears in the pretibial region as an asymptomatic, nonulcerating, sclerotic plaque. Brownishred coloration gradually gives way to the more characteristic yellows and purples. Fine telangiectatic vessels can be seen through an atrophic "glazed" surface covered by slight scale (Figure,<i>left</i>). Occasionally more wide-spread lesions occur (Figure,<i>center</i>). A biopsy specimen is diagnostic when necrobiotic collagen surrounded by a granulomatous response, thickened vessel walls, and positive fat stains are found. About 60% of people with
Ketamine Treatment Of Priapism
Authors: Robert M. Nieder
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In the March 20, 1972, issue Dr. Arnold S. Gale reported three cases of penile turgescence treated successfully with 1 mg/lb of ketamine hydrochloride. In two of these cases, an inhalation anesthetic was administered as well. On May 5, 1972, at this institution, a 31-year-old patient with a history of mental illness was admitted with priapism of ten hours' duration. Ketamine hydrochloride, 1 mg/lb administered intravenously, induced a dissociative state without deturgescence. Two additional doses of 0.5 mg/lb were also ineffective, as was a dorsal nerve block of the penis. Spinal anesthesia was subsequently performed with 0.4% tetracaine (Pontocaine), with no deturgescence despite a T-8 sensory level and excellent motor blockade of the perineum and lower extremities. Incidentally, cerebrospinal fluid, collected prior to the anesthetic administration, revealed no laboratory abnormalities. Deturgescence occurred spontaneously the following morning. Further clinical investigation is indeed indicated.
A Large-Scale Autologous Blood Program in a Community Hospital
Authors: Roger K. Haugen
Journal: JAMA (1987)

In an attempt to eliminate the hazards of homologous blood transfusions during major orthopedic surgical procedures, 1672 patients donated 6615 units of autologous blood in a ten-year period. Most of the blood components were stored frozen. The autologous units were later used in 1938 surgical procedures. Intraoperative blood salvage yielded 125105 mL of blood with an average hematocrit of 80% (0.80), which was reinfused into 934 patients. Autologous blood components accounted for 95% of the transfusion requirements. Thus, the risks of homologous transfusions were avoided in the vast majority of the procedures. Ninety-one percent of the donors were older than 50 years of age and 8.4% were between 80 and 91 years of age. The large-scale use of autologous blood has been feasible, practical, and cost efficient, has contributed to the community's blood supply, and provides the patient with the safest blood available—his own blood. (<i>JAMA</i>1987;257:1211-1214)
Occurrence of an abnormal lipoprotein in patients with liver disease
Authors: A. Ross, G. M. Murphy, P. A. Wilkinson, G. L. Mills, S. Sherlock
Journal: Gut (1970)

An abnormal lipoprotein, containing a high proportion of unesterified cholesterol and phospholipid, has previously been described as occurring in the serum of patients with obstructive jaundice, and has been called lipoprotein X. Using an immunoelectrophoretic method for the detection of lipoprotein X in serum, the sera of 97 patients with liver disease have been screened and the associated biochemical features measured. Lipoprotein X was found in 45% of cases of liver disease with cholestatic features, and was not detected in cases of liver disease without cholestasis. The incidence of lipoprotein X in different causes of cholestatis varied, and while it was commonest in cases of extrahepatic obstruction of recent onset, occurring in 75% of cases, it was also found in primary biliary cirrhosis in 48% of cases, and in cholestatic hepatitis, less commonly. The cause of the appearance of lipoprotein X is unknown, but analysis of associated biochemical features suggested a relationship to physical biliary obstruction rather than a derangement of liver cell function.
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria With Renal Failure
Authors: Harry Rubin
Journal: JAMA (1971)

A patient with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) associated with acute renal failure survived the episode of acute renal failure with return of renal function towards normal. Postmortem examination failed to reveal evidence of significant underlying renal disease. Acute renal failure following intense hemoglobinuria in PNH can occur in the absence of underlying renal disease. When chronic renal failure supervenes in patients with chronic hemoglobinuria, renal disease, presumably unrelated to the hemoglobinuria, is an almost uniform finding.
Dosage of Potassium Chloride Elixir to Correct Thiazide-lnduced Hypokalemia
Authors: Allan B. Schwartz
Journal: JAMA (1974)

The oral dose of 10% potassium chloride elixir required to reverse thiazide-induced hypokalemia was determined in 15 patients with essential hypertension. Each patient had maintained a serum K concentration of at least 0.5 mEq/liter less than duplicate control values (mean decreases, 0.62 mEq/liter) for at least two months during therapy with hydrochlorothiazide, 50 mg twice daily. Potassium chloride 10% elixir was administered in a total daily dose of 40 mEq, with bimonthly increments to 60 mEq, 80 mEq, and 100 mEq, while the thiazide administration was maintained. The serum K deficit was repleted to 75% in 12 of the 15 patients. In eight of the 12, this was accomplished with 40 mEq potassium chloride daily, and in four, with 60 mEq daily. The latter dose is recommended in patients with thiazide-induced hypokalemia. (<i>JAMA</i>230:702-704, 1974)
Significance of Seizures in Patients Receiving Psychotropic Drugs
Authors: Francis J. Kane
Journal: JAMA (1965)

IN AN EARLIER communication we reported the occurrence of grand mal seizures which appeared to be associated with abrupt withdrawal of meprobamate and tridihexethyl chloride administered within the customary dosage range.<sup>1</sup>We could not, during that hospital admission, establish any reason for the patient's unusual sensitivity to withdrawal of drugs given at such dosage levels. It was therefore decided to study the patient and his family for evidence of occult cerebral dysrhythmia and to reproduce as nearly as possible under controlled conditions the drug state and presumed abstinence reaction. At the same time the patient was to receive a series of electroencephalographic examinations. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 23-year-old white single man was admitted in September 1964 for further evaluation of his unusual sensitivity to psychotropic drugs. He had been previously admitted in 1961 with a diagnosis of mental deficiency and in 1963 with a diagnosis of schizophrenic reaction,
Surgical After-Treatment.
Journal: JAMA (1910)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Arteritis, Myocardial Infarction, and Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Irving Karten
Journal: JAMA (1969)

During a four-year period, diffuse vasculitis developed in six of 102 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Two of these six patients also sustained myocardial infarctions. Coronary arteritis was found at autopsy in one patient; it was also suspected as the cause of the infarction in the patient who survived. The autopsy protocols of an additional 95 rheumatoid patients were examined. For seven patients with myocardial infarctions, no examples of coronary arteritis were found in the available histological sections. The present study does not support the hypothesis that coronary arteritis is a common cause of myocardial infarction in rheumatoid arthritics. However, occasionally, in the presence of widespread vasculitis, coronary arteritis may lead to myocardial infarction.