tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Reliability and Diagnostic Accuracy of Radiography for the Diagnosis of Calcium Pyrophosphate Deposition: Performance of the Novel Definitions Developed by an International Multidisciplinary Working Group
Authors: Silvia Sirotti, Fabio Becce, Luca M. Sconfienza, Lene Terslev, Esperanza Naredo, Pascal Zufferey, Carlos Pineda, Marwin Gutierrez, Antonella Adinolfi, Teodora Serban, Daryl MacCarter, Gael Mouterde, Anna Zanetti, Anna Scanu, Ingrid Möller, Ulrike Novo‐Rivas, Raquel Largo, Piercarlo Sarzi‐Puttini, Abhishek Abhishek, Hyon K. Choi, Nicola Dalbeth, Tristan Pascart, Sara K. Tedeschi, Maria‐Antonietta D'Agostino, Annamaria Iagnocco, Helen I. Keen, Carlo A. Scirè, Georgios Filippou
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2022)

Objective To assess the reliability and diagnostic accuracy of new radiographic imaging definitions developed by an international multidisciplinary working group for identification of calcium pyrophosphate deposition (CPPD). Methods Patients with knee osteoarthritis scheduled for knee replacement were enrolled. Two radiologists and 2 rheumatologists twice assessed radiographic images for presence or absence of CPPD in menisci, hyaline cartilage, tendons, joint capsule, or synovial membrane, using the new definitions. In case of disagreement, a consensus decision was made and considered for the assessment of diagnostic performance. Histologic examination of postsurgical specimens under compensated polarized light microscopy was the reference standard. Prevalence‐adjusted bias‐adjusted kappa values were used to assess reliability, and diagnostic performance statistics were calculated. Results Sixty‐seven patients were enrolled for the reliability study. The interobserver reliability was substantial in most of the assessed structures when considering all 4 readers (κ range 0.59–0.90), substantial to almost perfect among radiologists (κ range 0.70–0.91), and moderate to almost perfect among rheumatologists (κ range 0.46–0.88). The intraobserver reliability was substantial to almost perfect for all the observers (κ range 0.70–1). Fifty‐one patients were included in the accuracy study. Radiography demonstrated an overall specificity of 92% for CPPD, but sensitivity remained low for all sites and for the overall diagnosis (54%). Conclusion The new radiographic definitions of CPPD are highly specific against the gold standard of histologic diagnosis. When the described radiographic findings are present, these definitions allow for a definitive diagnosis of CPPD, rather than other calcium‐containing crystal depositions; however, a negative radiographic finding does not exclude the diagnosis.
Bridging the Gap to Translating Genome-Wide Discoveries Into Therapies to Prevent and Treat Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Christopher J. O’Donnell, James E. Bradner
Journal: Circulation (2022)

ardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in men and women worldwide, with alarming evidence that mortality rates are now increasing for the first time in more than half a century. 1 Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading contributor to cardiovascular disease burden, and atherosclerosis in the coronary artery is the predominant underlying pathophysiology of clinical CAD.Coronary atherosclerosis results from interplay of a number of cells/tissue types, including mononuclear (macrophages) cells, vascular endothelium, vascular smooth muscle, and platelets that contribute to lipid deposition, inflammation, and thrombosis. 2 CAD risk is influenced by environmental exposures, comorbid illnesses, and underlying genetic risk factors.A clarified understanding of each has and will continue to contribute to early detection and improved intervention in CAD.
Association of COVID-19 With Major Arterial and Venous Thrombotic Diseases: A Population-Wide Cohort Study of 48 Million Adults in England and Wales
Authors: Rochelle Knight, Venexia Walker, Samantha Ip, Jennifer A. Cooper, Thomas Bolton, Spencer Keene, Rachel Denholm, Ashley Akbari, Hoda Abbasizanjani, Fatemeh Torabi, Efosa Omigie, Sam Hollings, Teri-Louise North, Renin Toms, Xiyun Jiang, Emanuele Di Angelantonio, Spiros Denaxas, Johan H. Thygesen, Christopher Tomlinson, Ben Bray, Craig J. Smith, Mark Barber, Kamlesh Khunti, George Davey Smith, Nishi Chaturvedi, Cathie Sudlow, William N. Whiteley, Angela M. Wood, Jonathan A.C. Sterne
Journal: Circulation (2022)

Background: Infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) induces a prothrombotic state, but long-term effects of COVID-19 on incidence of vascular diseases are unclear. Methods: We studied vascular diseases after COVID-19 diagnosis in population-wide anonymized linked English and Welsh electronic health records from January 1 to December 7, 2020. We estimated adjusted hazard ratios comparing the incidence of arterial thromboses and venous thromboembolic events (VTEs) after diagnosis of COVID-19 with the incidence in people without a COVID-19 diagnosis. We conducted subgroup analyses by COVID-19 severity, demographic characteristics, and previous history. Results: Among 48 million adults, 125 985 were hospitalized and 1 319 789 were not hospitalized within 28 days of COVID-19 diagnosis. In England, there were 260 279 first arterial thromboses and 59 421 first VTEs during 41.6 million person-years of follow-up. Adjusted hazard ratios for first arterial thrombosis after COVID-19 diagnosis compared with no COVID-19 diagnosis declined from 21.7 (95% CI, 21.0–22.4) in week 1 after COVID-19 diagnosis to 1.34 (95% CI, 1.21–1.48) during weeks 27 to 49. Adjusted hazard ratios for first VTE after COVID-19 diagnosis declined from 33.2 (95% CI, 31.3–35.2) in week 1 to 1.80 (95% CI, 1.50–2.17) during weeks 27 to 49. Adjusted hazard ratios were higher, for longer after diagnosis, after hospitalized versus nonhospitalized COVID-19, among Black or Asian versus White people, and among people without versus with a previous event. The estimated whole-population increases in risk of arterial thromboses and VTEs 49 weeks after COVID-19 diagnosis were 0.5% and 0.25%, respectively, corresponding to 7200 and 3500 additional events, respectively, after 1.4 million COVID-19 diagnoses. Conclusions: High relative incidence of vascular events soon after COVID-19 diagnosis declines more rapidly for arterial thromboses than VTEs. However, incidence remains elevated up to 49 weeks after COVID-19 diagnosis. These results support policies to prevent severe COVID-19 by means of COVID-19 vaccines, early review after discharge, risk factor control, and use of secondary preventive agents in high-risk patients.
2012 ACCF/AHA Focused Update Incorporated Into the ACCF/AHA 2007 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Unstable Angina/Non–ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Jeffrey L. Anderson, Cynthia D. Adams, Elliott M. Antman, Charles R. Bridges, Robert M. Califf, Donald E. Casey, William E. Chavey, Francis M. Fesmire, Judith S. Hochman, Thomas N. Levin, A. Michael Lincoff, Eric D. Peterson, Pierre Theroux, Nanette K. Wenger, R. Scott Wright
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Deregulated Estrogen Receptor α Expression in Mammary Epithelial Cells of Transgenic Mice Results in the Development of Ductal Carcinoma <i>In situ</i>
Authors: M. Silvina Frech, Ewa D. Halama, Maddalena T. Tilli, Baljit Singh, Edward J. Gunther, Lewis A. Chodosh, Jodi A. Flaws, Priscilla A. Furth
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract A conditional tetracycline-responsive transgenic mouse model with deregulated estrogen receptor α expression in mammary epithelial cells developed ductal hyperplasia (DH), lobular hyperplasia, and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) by 4 months of age. Higher proliferative rates were found in both normal and abnormal ductal and lobular structures. DH and DCIS but not normal ductal structures showed an increased percentage of cells with nuclear-localized cyclin D1. No differences in either the prevalence or extent of these phenotypes following exogenous 17β-estradiol treatment were found suggesting that alteration of ERα expression was the rate-limiting factor in initiation of DH, lobular hyperplasia, and DCIS.
Systems Analysis of Adverse Drug Events
Authors: Lucian L. Leape
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To identify and evaluate the systems failures that underlie errors causing adverse drug events (ADEs) and potential ADEs. <h3>Design.</h3> —Systems analysis of events from a prospective cohort study. <h3>Participants.</h3> —All admissions to 11 medical and surgical units in two tertiary care hospitals over a 6-month period. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Errors, proximal causes, and systems failures. <h3>Methods.</h3> —Errors were detected by interviews of those involved. Errors were classified according to proximal cause and underlying systems failure by multidisciplinary teams of physicians, nurses, pharmacists, and systems analysts. <h3>Results.</h3> —During this period, 334 errors were detected as the causes of 264 preventable ADEs and potential ADEs. Sixteen major systems failures were identified as the underlying causes of the errors. The most common systems failure was in the dissemination of drug knowledge, particularly to physicians, accounting for 29% of the 334 errors. Inadequate availability of patient information, such as the results of laboratory tests, was associated with 18% of errors. Seven systems failures accounted for 78% of the errors; all could be improved by better information systems. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Hospital personnel willingly participated in the detection and investigation of drug use errors and were able to identify underlying systems failures. The most common defects were in systems to disseminate knowledge about drugs and to make drug and patient information readily accessible at the time it is needed. Systems changes to improve dissemination and display of drug and patient data should make errors in the use of drugs less likely. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;274:35-43)
The gut microbiota regulates acute foreign body reaction and tissue repair after biomaterial implantation
Authors: Sheng-Lun Chen, David J. Lundy, Shu-Chian Ruan, Hung-Chih Chen, Yu-Kai Chao, Yuan-Yuan Cheng, Ray Putra Prajnamitra, Chun-Chieh Liao, Chung-Yen Lin, James J. Lai, Patrick C.H. Hsieh
Journal: Biomaterials (2022)
Randomized Trial of Left Bundle Branch vs Biventricular Pacing for Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy
Authors: Yao Wang, Haojie Zhu, Xiaofeng Hou, Zhao Wang, Fengwei Zou, Zhiyong Qian, Yongyue Wei, Xiang Wang, Longyao Zhang, Xiaofei Li, Zhimin Liu, Siyuan Xue, Chaotong Qin, Jiaxin Zeng, Hui Li, Hongping Wu, Hong Ma, Kenneth A. Ellenbogen, Michael R. Gold, Xiaohan Fan, Jiangang Zou
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Prayer Flags
Authors: Sylvia S. Villarreal
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2022)

Ad LibitumSeptember 2022Prayer FlagsSylvia S. Villarreal, MEd, MPHSylvia S. Villarreal, MEd, MPHMcGovern Center for Humanities and Ethics Houston, TexasSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M21-4657 Audio Reading - “Prayer Flags” Audio. Michael A. Lacombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads “Prayer Flags” by Sylvia S. Villarreal, MEd, MPH Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Strung abovemy concrete patiothey fill the airwith wind tossedmantras snappingsilent blessingson this fall morning.Pausing for breathin the momentary lullthen cracking the blueof sky in renewed assault.One set from youmy warrior girl, the othercarried from Tibetby your restless brother,seeker of the authentic.Tied like me to this place,my claim on you both isnow long past, frayedabout the edges likethis fine cloth.Your lives spreadout over new terrainunfurling in waysthat dazzle and disturb. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Sylvia S. Villarreal, MEd, MPHAffiliations: McGovern Center for Humanities and Ethics Houston, TexasCorresponding Author: Sylvia S. Villarreal, MEd, MPH, 6431 Fannin Street, Suite JJL 410, Houston, TX 77030; e-mail, Sylvia.S.[email protected]tmc.edu. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Audio Reading - “Prayer Flags” Audio. Michael A. Lacombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads “Prayer Flags” by Sylvia S. Villarreal, MEd, MPH Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics September 2022Volume 175, Issue 9Page: 1343 ePublished: 20 September 2022 Issue Published: September 2022 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2022 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Abbreviated Antiplatelet Therapy After Coronary Stenting in Patients With Myocardial Infarction at High Bleeding Risk
Authors: Pieter C. Smits, Enrico Frigoli, Pascal Vranckx, Yukio Ozaki, Marie-Claude Morice, Bernard Chevalier, Yoshinobu Onuma, Stephan Windecker, Pim A.L. Tonino, Marco Roffi, Maciej Lesiak, Felix Mahfoud, Jozef Bartunek, David Hildick-Smith, Antonio Colombo, Goran Stankovic, Andrés Iñiguez, Carl Schultz, Ran Kornowski, Paul J.L. Ong, Mirvat Alasnag, Alfredo E. Rodriguez, Valeria Paradies, Petr Kala, Sasko Kedev, Amar Al Mafragi, Willem Dewilde, Dik Heg, Marco Valgimigli
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)

The optimal duration of antiplatelet therapy (APT) after coronary stenting in patients at high bleeding risk (HBR) presenting with an acute coronary syndrome remains unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of an abbreviated APT regimen after coronary stenting in an HBR population presenting with acute or recent myocardial infarction. In the MASTER DAPT trial, 4,579 patients at HBR were randomized after 1 month of dual APT (DAPT) to abbreviated (DAPT stopped and 11 months single APT or 5 months in patients with oral anticoagulants) or nonabbreviated APT (DAPT for minimum 3 months) strategies. Randomization was stratified by acute or recent myocardial infarction at index procedure. Coprimary outcomes at 335 days after randomization were net adverse clinical outcomes events (NACE); major adverse cardiac and cerebral events (MACCE); and type 2, 3, or 5 Bleeding Academic Research Consortium bleeding. NACE and MACCE did not differ with abbreviated vs nonabbreviated APT regimens in patients with an acute or recent myocardial infarction (n = 1,780; HR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.61-1.12 and HR: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.62-1.19, respectively) or without an acute or recent myocardial infarction (n = 2,799; HR: 1.03; 95% CI: 0.77-1.38 and HR: 1.13; 95% CI: 0.80-1.59; Pinteraction = 0.31 and 0.25, respectively). Bleeding Academic Research Consortium 2, 3, or 5 bleeding was significantly reduced in patients with or without an acute or recent myocardial infarction (HR: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.46-0.91 and HR: 0.71; 95% CI: 0.54-0.92; Pinteraction = 0.72) with abbreviated APT. A 1-month DAPT strategy in patients with HBR presenting with an acute or recent myocardial infarction results in similar NACE and MACCE rates and reduces bleedings compared with a nonabbreviated DAPT strategy. (Management of High Bleeding Risk Patients Post Bioresorbable Polymer Coated Stent Implantation With an Abbreviated Versus Prolonged DAPT Regimen [MASTER DAPT]; NCT03023020)
Aortic Tissue Analysis in Turner Syndrome
Authors: Bruno Donadille, Alexander Valent, Kisaki Amemiya, Nicolas Rive le Gouard, Laurence Iserin, Paul Achouh, Tatiana Lecot-Connan, Patrick Bruneval, Jean-Pierre Siffroi, Sophie Christin-Maitre
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Coronary Intervention Guided by Quantitative Flow Ratio vs Angiography in Patients With or Without Diabetes
Authors: Zening Jin, Bo Xu, Xingsheng Yang, Ruofei Jia, Shuai Meng, Hongyu Hu, Yue Deng, Xiaojing Cao, Yang Ruan, Jing Han, Jian Liu, Xinkai Qu, Yujie Zhou, Jian’an Wang, Guosheng Fu, Bo Yu, Yang Wang, Changdong Guan, Lei Song, Shengxian Tu, Shubin Qiao, Gregg W. Stone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)
Determinants of Drug-Coated Balloon Failure in Patients Undergoing Femoropopliteal Arterial Intervention
Authors: Prakash Krishnan, Serdar Farhan, Peter Schneider, Haroon Kamran, Osamu Iida, Marianne Brodmann, Antonio Micari, Ravish Sachar, Kasuki Urasawa, Dierk Scheinert, Kenji Ando, Arthur Tarricone, Gheorghe Doros, Gunnar Tepe, Hiroyoshi Yokoi, John Laird, Thomas Zeller
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2022)

Drug-coated balloons (DCB) are frequently used to treat femoropopliteal artery disease. However, patency loss occurs in ≥10% of patients within 12 months posttreatment with poor understanding of the underlying mechanisms. The authors sought to investigate the determinants of DCB failure in femoropopliteal disease. Data from randomized clinical trials (IN.PACT SFA, MDT-2113 SFA Japan) and 2 prespecified imaging cohorts of the IN.PACT Global Clinical Study were included. Influential procedural characteristics were evaluated by an independent angiographic core laboratory. The primary endpoint was DCB failure (patency loss during follow-up). Additional endpoints were binary restenosis and clinically driven target lesion revascularization. Multivariable analyses evaluated the clinical, anatomical, and procedural predictors of DCB failure. Included were 557 participants with single lesions and 12-month core laboratory–adjudicated duplex ultrasonography. Key clinical characteristics were as follows: mean age 68.8 years, 67.5% male, 87.6% with hypertension, 76.9% with hyperlipidemia, 40.5% with diabetes mellitus, 90.5% in Rutherford Classification Category (RCC) 2 to 3, and 9.5% in RCC 4 to 5. Average length and reference vessel diameter (RVD) were 16.37 cm and 4.66 mm, respectively; 49.7% of lesions were totally occluded. In multivariable analysis, only residual stenosis >30% was associated with patency loss, whereas residual stenosis >30% and smaller preprocedure RVD were associated with increased binary restenosis risk. RCC >3 and residual stenosis >30% were associated with increased 12-month clinically driven target lesion revascularization risk. Patency loss after DCB treatment was influenced by procedural and clinical factors. Residual stenosis >30%, smaller preprocedure RVD, and higher RCC may be considered predictors of increased risk of DCB failure and its components in femoropopliteal artery disease. (Randomized Trial of IN.PACT Admiral® Drug Coated Balloon vs Standard PTA for the Treatment of SFA and Proximal Popliteal Arterial Disease [INPACT SFA I]; NCT01175850; IN.PACT Admiral Drug-Coated Balloon vs. Standard Balloon Angioplasty for the Treatment of Superficial Femoral Artery [SFA] and Proximal Popliteal Artery [PPA] [INPACT SFA II]; NCT01566461; MDT-2113 Drug-Eluting Balloon vs. Standard PTA for the Treatment of Atherosclerotic Lesions in the Superficial Femoral Artery and/or Proximal Popliteal Artery [MDT-2113 SFA]; NCT01947478; IN.PACT Global Clinical Study; NCT01609296)
Emerging functions of mitochondria-encoded noncoding RNAs
Authors: Bingbing Ren, Min-Xin Guan, Tianhua Zhou, Xiujun Cai, Ge Shan
Journal: Trends in Genetics (2022)

Mitochondria, organelles that harbor their own circular genomes, are critical for energy production and homeostasis maintenance in eukaryotic cells. Recent studies discovered hundreds of mitochondria-encoded noncoding RNAs (mt-ncRNAs), including novel subtypes of mitochondria-encoded circular RNAs (mecciRNAs) and mitochondria-encoded double-stranded RNAs (mt-dsRNAs). Here, we discuss the emerging field of mt-ncRNAs by reviewing their expression patterns, biogenesis, metabolism, regulatory roles, and functional mechanisms. Many mt-ncRNAs have regulatory roles in cellular physiology, and some are associated with, or even act as, causal factors in human diseases. We also highlight developments in technologies and methodologies and further insights into future perspectives and challenges in studying these noncoding RNAs, as well as their potential biomedical applications.
Outcomes of patients with aggressive B-cell lymphoma after failure of anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy: a DESCAR-T analysis
Authors: Roberta Di Blasi, Steven Le Gouill, Emmanuel Bachy, Guillaume Cartron, David Beauvais, Fabien Le Bras, François-Xavier Gros, Sylvain Choquet, Pierre Bories, Pierre Feugier, Olivier Casasnovas, Jacques Olivier Bay, Mohamad Mohty, Magalie Joris, Thomas Gastinne, Pierre Sesques, Jean-Jacques Tudesq, Laetitia Vercellino, Franck Morschhauser, Elodie Gat, Florence Broussais, Roch Houot, Catherine Thieblemont
Journal: Blood (2022)

Anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells represent a major advance in the treatment of relapsed/refractory aggressive B-cell lymphomas. However, a significant number of patients experience failure. Among 550 patients registered in the French registry DESCAR-T, 238 (43.3%) experienced progression/relapse, with a median follow-up of 7.9 months. At registration, 57.0% of patients presented an age-adjusted International Prognostic Index of 2 to 3, 18.9% had Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status ≥2, 57.1% received >3 lines of treatment prior to receiving CAR T-cells, and 87.8% received bridging therapy. At infusion, 66% of patients presented progressive disease, and 38.9% had high lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Failure after CAR T-cell treatment occurred after a median of 2.7 months (range: 0.2-21.5). Fifty-four patients (22.7%) presented very early failure (day [D] 0-D30); 102 (42.9%) had early failure (D31-D90), and 82 (34.5%) had late (>D90) failure. After failure, 154 patients (64%) received salvage treatment: 38.3% received lenalidomide, 7.1% bispecific antibodies, 21.4% targeted treatment, 11% radiotherapy, and 20% immunochemotherapy with various regimens. Median progression-free survival was 2.8 months, and median overall survival (OS) was 5.2 months. Median OS for patients failing during D0-D30 vs after D30 was 1.7 vs 3.0 months, respectively (P = .0001). Overall, 47.9% of patients were alive at 6 months, but only 18.9% were alive after very early failure. In multivariate analysis, predictors of OS were high LDH at infusion, time to CAR-T failure <D30, and high C-reactive protein at infusion. This multicentric analysis confirms the poor outcome of patients relapsing after CAR T-cell treatment, highlighting the need for further strategies dedicated to this population.