tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Goodman and Gilman's the Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics
Authors: Louis Lasagna
Journal: JAMA (1986)

In 1940, the world of pharmacology was revolutionized by the appearance of the first edition of this now-classic text. Edited by Lou Goodman and Al Gilman, it was a joy to read and a beacon in the darkness for teachers, students, and practitioners. (I can recall physicians saying they kept it on their bedside table for their nightly reading and pleasure.) The new edition remains a competently written and authoritative book, although it is now put together by 58 people instead of two, with the inevitable problems posed by such a division of labor. (One may envy the editors and the publishers the income from this best seller, but not the task of nagging recalcitrant authors with no respect for deadlines.) One may question, however, as in recent editions, the wisdom of combining a textbook for students and a reference for physicians. Those of us who teach second-year medical students
Hepatology Highlights
Authors: Jean‐François Dufour
Journal: Hepatology (2017)

Move to Decrease the PressureObesity worsens the outcome of cirrhosis.Data support this statement, but no data suggest that lifestyle intervention can be beneficial.Berzigotti et al. enrolled 60 overweight patients with compensated cirrhosis in a multicenter, prospective trial consisting of an intensive, 16-week lifestyle intervention program.Adherence was excellent.Hepatic venous pressure gradient, which was determined at baseline and at the end of the program, decreased by more than 10% in 42% of the patients and by more than 20% in 24% of the patients.This positive effect was also observed in patients on nonselective beta-blockers.Lifestyle trials are notoriously difficult to conduct.This is an outstanding study providing significant results with immediate clinical implications.(
War Wounds of the Abdomen
Authors: Claude E. Welch
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1947)

A COMPLETE treatise covering all aspects of abdominal wounds observed in the United States Armed Forces in World War II probably will not be available for several years. On the other hand, many excellent articles on various phases of the problem have recently appeared. It seems worth while to collect and summarize the outstanding contributions that have been published before memories grow dim and interest flags. Obviously, no attempt can be made to include all papers. Nor can extensive considerations of tactical situations, closely related though they are to the care of the wounded, be included here.The recent surgical . . .
Vibrations in the Treatment of Nervous Disorders
Journal: JAMA (1893)

—Charcot, in the<i>Progrès Mêdicale</i>, describes the method of treating various nervous disorders by rapid and continuous vibrations. An apparatus produces oscillatory movements by means of an electro-motor, and the treatment has produced good results in some cases of neuralgia, neurasthenia, insomnia, and other disturbances. The author believes that this vibration acts as a powerful sedative by its action on the brain. A helmet has been made by the help of which and a small motor a continuous vibration is produced, which is transmitted to the cranium. This is continued for about ten minutes and one application will often produce a good night's sleep, and continuous treatment shows very good results in different disturbances of the nervous system.
Suicide and family loading for affective disorders
Authors: J. A. Egeland
Journal: JAMA (1985)

All suicides were ascertained for a 100-year period (1880 to 1980) in a study of mental illness among the Old Order Amish. The majority (92%) of the 26 cases were diagnosed with a major affective disorder and were situated in multigenerational families with heavy loading for bipolar, unipolar, and other affective-spectrum illnesses. The suicides clustered in four primary pedigrees, and the role of inheritance was suggested by the way in which suicides followed the distribution of affective disorders in these kinship lines. We believe these extended pedigrees provide presumptive evidence of genetic factors in both suicides and affective disorders. (<i>JAMA</i>1985;254:915-918)
PSEUDOXANTHOMA ELASTICUM.
Authors: S. E. SWEITZER, CARL W. LAYMON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1933)

Journal Article PSEUDOXANTHOMA ELASTICUM. Get access S. E. SWEITZER, M.D., S. E. SWEITZER, M.D. From the Division of Dermatology of the University of Minnesota, H. E. Michelson, M.D., Director, and the Minneapolis General Hospital, Service of S. E. Sweitzer, M.D Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar CARL W. LAYMON, M.D. CARL W. LAYMON, M.D. From the Division of Dermatology of the University of Minnesota, H. E. Michelson, M.D., Director, and the Minneapolis General Hospital, Service of S. E. Sweitzer, M.D Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 45, Issue 12, 1 December 1933, Pages 512–523, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1933.tb10133.x Published: 01 December 1933
Spontaneous fistula between a right common iliac artery aneurysm and iliac vein
Authors: D. D. Richards
Journal: JAMA (1984)

THE SPONTANEOUS rupture of an iliac artery aneurysm into the underlying iliac vein or vena cava is a rare event. The formation of such an arteriovenous fistula should be seen clinically with findings similar to those encountered after rupture of an abdominal aortic aneurysm into the inferior vena cava. A patient with a unique clinical picture resembling that of an aortocaval fistula but in fact suffering from spontaneous rupture of a saccular right common iliac artery aneurysm into the iliac vein is described herein. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> An 80-year-old man was admitted to Baptist Medical Center, Kansas City, Mo, on Jan 18, 1982, complaining of sudden onset of nausea, abdominal pain, and dizziness three hours earlier during lunch. Two weeks earlier, he had been treated for a dislocated left shoulder after falling on ice. In March 1976, a left hemicolectomy had been performed for Duke's stage B adenocarcinoma of
Program and Abstracts of the Second Congress of the International Liver Transplantation Society
Journal: Hepatology (1993)

Liver transplantation is an accepted and effective treatment for young adults and children with end-stage liver disease.We report our experience of 35 patients aged 6 0 4 9 (average 66.6) years who underwent orthotopic liver transplantation between 1988 and 1993, looking at peri-operative complications and short-term survival.Patients: 33 patients had chronic hepatic failure ( C w a n d 2 had fulminant hepatic failure 0. The frequency of the various diagnoses was: 19 primary biliary cirrhosis, 3 viral hepatitis, 3 primary sclerosing cholangitis, 3 alcoholic liver drsease, 4 crytogenic cirrhosis, 1 amyloidosis and 1 alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency.4 patients were retransplanted for chronic rejection or primary graA non-function, and one had a combined heart and liver transplant.Pre-operntive.state:The nutritional status of 3 patients was poor, and moderate in 14. 1 patient had heart failure and had combined heart and liver transplant. 10patients had various cardiac pathologies resulting in moderate impairment.7 patients had moderately impaired pulmonary function.9 patients had severe renal impairment, 2 on dialysis; 2 were on renaldose dopamine and 20 were on diuretics.3 patients had diabetes mellitus.Median Child-Pugh score was 9 ( range 6 to 14).Operative conditions: Veno-venous bypass was used in all patients.Median blood loss was 4750 m l s (range 1000-24000).Average operating time was 8.4 hrs.Inotropic support was needed in 9 patients (250/0).Results: Six patients died within one month of operation, an early mortality rate of 17%.Early complications occurred in 23 patients (66%).27 patients (78%) sunived for one year.Patients who survived had an average ITU stay of 6 days and a hospital stay of 7 weeks.Major complications were, either alone or in combination: 4 sepsis, 4 rejection, 2 primary nonfunction, 4 cardiovascular complications, 1 renal failure, 2 respiratory failure, 3 drug toxicity, 4 assorted surgical problems and 1 cardiac tamponade.Conclusion: One-year survival in the over40's following OLT was 78% not appreciably different from OLT in all ages at t h s centre.A higher rate of early complications was probably related to pre-operative condition.We suggest that OLT should not be discounted as a treatment option on the grounds of age alone, as one month after operation these patients do as well as their younger counterpa-.
THE CHEMISTRY OF BACILLUS COLI COMMUAIS.
Authors: MARY F. LEACH
Journal: JAMA (1904)

In a previous paper<sup>1</sup>I have given a résumé of the literature on the chemical composition of bacteria, and a report of some preliminary work on the colon bacillus. This work demonstrated that the dried germ substance after extraction with alcohol contains 8.6 per cent. of ash, one-third of which ash is phosphorus, while sodium and potassium are the most abundant metals. Extraction with dilute sulphuric acid and treatment of the residue with a weak solution of sodium hydrate sufficed to bring practically the whole of the germ substance into solution. In the acid extract indications were found of xanthin and hexon bases, carbohydrate, much phosphorus and a toxic substance insoluble in alcohol. From the alkaline extract a nuclein body containing 2.93 per cent. of phosphorus was obtained, and evidence of carbohydrate was found. In these preliminary experiments the amounts were too small to admit of the purification and
Abstract 4818: Fc-mediated mechanism of action for the novel EGFR-cMET bispecific antibody (JNJ-61186372) in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Smruthi Vijayaraghavan, Barbara Bushey, Lorriane Lipfert, Rupesh Nanjunda, Eilyn R. Lacy, Peter Buckley, Sylvie Laquerre, Matthew V. Lorenzi, Sheri Moores
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract JNJ-61186372 (JNJ-372) is an anti-EGFR and cMet bispecific antibody with an active Fc backbone (IgG1) designed to treat non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) disease. A first-in-human study is currently being conducted to assess the safety and preliminary efficacy of JNJ-372 in patients with advanced NSCLC. Early data suggests that JNJ-372 can induce partial responses in subjects with diverse populations of EGFR-mutated NSCLC, including Exon 20ins as well as TKI resistance mutations. Our previous pre-clinical in vivo studies showed that the Fc inactive version (IgG2sigma) of the EGFR/cMet antibody was significantly impaired in its ability to inhibit tumor growth compared to the Fc active JNJ-372. The IgG2sigma variant also reduced the ability of the bispecific antibody to mediate downregulation of EGFR, cMet and downstream signaling components. This suggested that the interaction of the Fc arm with the Fc receptors on the innate immune cells play a crucial role in the mechanism of action of JNJ-372. While JNJ-372 has demonstrated antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and antibody dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) in vitro, the potential role of Fc interactions in downregulation of EGFR and cMet was not well understood. We explored the different Fc-mediated immune effector functions of JNJ-372 and interrogated how they contribute to EGFR and cMet downregulation and overall efficacy. In NSCLC cell lines, JNJ-372 induced Fc-mediated dose-dependent ADCC and ADCP but not complement-dependent cytotoxicity. Further, the presence of isolated human immune cells (PBMC) significantly enhanced JNJ-372 mediated EGFR and cMet downregulation and dose-dependent tumor cell killing. Studies are in progress to better understand which immune cells and which Fc receptor interactions are essential for the drug efficacy through immune cell depletion and FcR blocking studies; such studies may help guide clinical biomarker development. This work elucidates a novel Fc-dependent mechanism of action for the EGFR-cMet bispecific antibody. Citation Format: Smruthi Vijayaraghavan, Barbara Bushey, Lorriane Lipfert, Rupesh Nanjunda, Eilyn R. Lacy, Peter Buckley, Sylvie Laquerre, Matthew V. Lorenzi, Sheri Moores. Fc-mediated mechanism of action for the novel EGFR-cMET bispecific antibody (JNJ-61186372) in non-small cell lung cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4818.
El cancer en el momento actual. Discurso de ingreso del Doctor Ricardo Horno Alcorta, profesor auxiliar numerario, por oposición, de la Facultad de Medicina. Contestación del Académico Numerario Doctor Manuel Iñigo Nougués.
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Early Pelvic Examinations Suggested
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Oxford Monographs on Diagnosis and Treatment.
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
NCI Launches ALCHEMIST
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2014)

Abstract The NCI launched a nationwide trial, dubbed ALCHEMIST, in August to screen thousands of patients with early-stage lung cancer for EGFR mutations and ALK rearrangements. All patients will be followed for 5 years, but those whose tumors harbor the genetic alterations will receive erlotinib, crizotinib, or a placebo to determine whether the drugs prevent recurrence and improve survival in the adjuvant setting.
红斑血管型玫瑰痤疮和亚临床蠕形螨病
Authors: F. Forton, V. De Maertelaer
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2019)

蠕形螨是在所有成人皮肤孔中生存的小寄生虫,主要位于面部,以人细胞为食。蠕形螨病是一种螨异常繁殖(增殖)导致的面部皮肤病。蠕形螨病表现为皮肤表面出现鳞屑,而且当螨导致炎症时,出现发红和/或红斑或渗出性斑。 玫瑰痤疮是另一种常见的皮肤病,影响超过 10% 的人口,表现为面部发红。有时出现斑,此时该病症被称作丘疹脓疱型玫瑰痤疮 (PPR)。玫瑰痤疮的病因仍有争议,但有证据表明可能与蠕形螨相关,因为 PPR 患者在面部皮肤上出现高密度的螨虫,类似于蠕形螨病患者。 在比利时开展的本次研究中,蠕形螨的密度通过在红斑血管型玫瑰痤疮 (ETR) 早期患者中进行的两次连续皮肤活检进行测量,此时患者仅出现发红,无斑。 平均密度低于 PPR 患者及蠕形螨病患者的密度,但高于健康皮肤患者及其他皮肤病患者的密度。作者认为,ETR 可能有利于蠕形螨繁殖,而且可能是蠕形螨病的早期表现,此时螨虫开始繁殖但在临床上尚未可见。因此,皮肤科医师应该检查 ETR 患者是否有蠕形螨,从而在高密度情况下提供适当治疗。
NEURO-ONCOLOGY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Authors: S. Fadel, A. Aly, S. Massoud, W. Kedr, A. Farhod, A. Srinivasan, G. Satish, J. X. Scott, S. M. Rao, B. Chidambaram, S. Chandrashekar, M. Chintagumpala, X. He, J. Ma, A. Trehan, P. Salunke, N. Singla, N. Kumar, B. D. Radotra, D. Bansal, R. K. Marwaha, G. Chinnaswamy, M. Prasad, V. Dhamankar, T. Vora, T. Gupta, A. Moiyadi, E. Sridhar, R. Jalali, S. Banavali, P. Kurkure, K. Kaur, A. Kakkar, S. Purkait, V. Suri, M. Sharma, S. Mallick, P. K. Jhulka, A. Suri, B. S. Sharma, C. Sarkar, A. V. Giron, M. Castellanos, P. Valverde, C. Garrido, T. Letona, F. Antillon, U. Bartel, X. Yuan, C. Wang, A. Adesina, C. Lau, M. Jiang, J. Ma
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

INTRODUCTION: Using ventricoluperitoneal shunt before the resection of pediatric posterior fossa brain tumors, presenting with hydrocephalus used to be common practice, but most centers now are abandoning this policy due to the complications associated with the shunt.MATERIAL AND METHODS: We report retrospectively on the short term outcome of posterior fossa brain tumour in children less than 18 years old.These patients were referred to our new pediatric oncology unit since January 2010.Shunt insertion was according to the discretion of the treating surgeon.We excluded patients with diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma.RESULTS: 32 patients with posterior fossa brain tumor were referred from January 2010 till January 2013.Median age is 5.2 years, 17 boys and 15 girls were included.The pathology included 16 medulloblastoma, 10 ependymoma, 5 low grade glioma, and one AT/RT 14 patients had insertion of the shunt preoperatively, while 18 patients underwent surgery without shunt insertion.Two patients in the later group needed shunt insertion in the first week postoperative, and one patient needed shunt insertion after two years due to local recurrence.For those patients with upfront shunt insertion 3 developed meningitis during the course of their treatment, and two needed shunt revision one in the first week after insertion and the other at 8 months from the diagnosis.The rate of GTR in upfront shunt insertion group was 10/14 (71.4%), while it was 16/18 (88.9%) in the other group.CONCLUSION: Upfront shunt insertion is associated with higher complication rate in the early postoperative period, and most patients could be treated without shunt insertion, and few will need the shunt at some point of their treatment.
Abstract 16596: Disruption of Gravin’s Scaffolding as a Potential Therapy for Heart Failure in Combination With Carvedilol
Authors: Sonal Singh, Santosh Suryavanshi, Faisal Fa'ak, Andrea Diaz Diaz, Bradley McConnell
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Beta-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) desensitization culminating in impaired β-AR signaling triggers the vicious cascade of HF. Gravin; an A-kinase anchoring protein (AKAP) is crucial for desensitization of the β-ARs upon agonist stimulation. Our previous studies have shown that disruption of gravin’s scaffolding imparts protection against isoproterenol induced HF in mice. The goal of this study was to further compare the protective effects of absence of gravin in HF to that of the standard β blocker HF therapy such as Carvedilol and Bisoprolol. After inducing HF with 2-weeks administration of isoproterenol (60mg/kg/day), wild-type (WT) and gravin-t/t mice (harboring non-functional truncated gravin) were started on blocker therapy. There was no significant reduction in the HW/BW ratio or the fibrotic lesions after Carvedilol and Bisoprolol treatment in the WT mice; whereas, gravin-t/t mice did not show any significant increase in either of the two after isoproterenol treatment. Gravin-t/t mice treated with either of these blockers showed enhanced hemodynamic function compared to the WT mice on the blocker therapy. Interestingly, the gravin-t/t mice after treatment with Carvedilol showed significant increase in the β2-AR expression (579.83 ± 0. 476 fmol/mg) compared to the WT mice (113.74 ± 0. 359 fmol/mg) treated with Carvedilol; whereas, no significant changes were observed in the β1-AR expression in WT (310.03 ± 0. 284 fmol/mg) or gravin-t/t mice (282.54 ± 0. 392 fmol/mg). Bisoprolol treatment on the other hand showed significant increase only in the β1-AR expression post treatment for both WT (405.62 ± 0. 264 fmol/mg) and gravin-t/t (421.01 ± 0. 382 fmol/mg) mice. Though Carvedilol is the gold standard for HF, and it increases the contractile function of the failing heart, it does not rescue the decline in the receptor density. Absence of gravin not only increases the β2-AR expression 2-fold at baseline but also increases it 5-fold after Carvedilol treatment. Disruption of gravin’s scaffolding is a potential drug target and can be further developed as a combination therapy with Carvedilol. Increase in β2-ARs expression can provide beneficial effects via activation of anti-apoptotic and survival pathways.
Viral Diseases, Pregnancy Complications Analyzed
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal