tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Bethune's China. Forty years on
Authors: W. C. Gibson
Journal: JAMA (1979)

ON NOV 12, 1979, it will be 40 years since a Canadian surgeon, Norman Bethune, MD, died of septicemia while ministering to Mao's beleaguered troops in northwest China. As the true-to-life tapestry on the cover of this issue ofThe Journalrecords, he looked far older than his 49 years. Why do we memorialize Bethune on this anniversary? Because he is being remembered by nearly 1 billion people in China, a country with new ties of friendship with the United States. In China's struggle Bethune became a watchword, a symbol, and an inspiration. A phonetic transliteration of his name means "white one sent," and nothing could more truly depict his role from 1937, when he crossed the Pacific, to Nov 12,1939, when he died. Buried under a large flag bearing the Stars and Stripes, for lack of Canadian ensign, Bethune found repose in a corner of the globe far from
Evaluating pleural effusions. A two-stage laboratory approach
Authors: T. A. Peterman
Journal: JAMA (1984)

PLEURAL effusions are commonly seen in a variety of diseases. Based on the underlying pathophysiological abnormality, these effusions can be divided into transudates and exudates.<sup>1</sup>Transudative effusions develop when there is a change in systemic factors such as an increase in capillary hydrostatic pressure or a decrease in colloid osmotic pressure with no change in the pleural surface. Common causes of transudative effusions include congestive heart failure, chronic renal failure, and low protein states. Exudative effusions are caused by an altered permeability of the pleural vessels or by obstruction of lymphatics as is seen in neoplasms, infections, or other inflammatory processes. Physicians use a number of laboratory tests to determine which of these processes is occurring in a particular patient. Light et al<sup>2</sup>have shown that in a select group of patients, transudates and exudates can be separated in the laboratory by measuring the protein and lactate dehydrogenase
Recent Trends in Mortality Rates for Four Major Cancers, by Sex and Race/Ethnicity—United States, 1990-1998
Journal: JAMA (2002)

In 1998, 53% of all cancer-related deaths in the United States were associated with four sites: lung/bronchus, colon/ rectum, prostate, and female breast (1 ).Cancer-related death does not affect racial/ethnic populations similarly.In 1996, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) published cancer incidence and death rates during 1988-1992 in 10 categories of race/ethnicity (2 ).To examine trends during 1990-1998 in annual death rates for the four major cancers by sex and race/ ethnicity (i.e., blacks, whites, Hispanics, American Indians/ Alaska Natives [AI/ANs], and Asians/Pacific Islanders [APIs]), CDC analyzed data from the National Center for Health Statistics' National Vital Statistics System (3).This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which indicated that, except for lung cancer in women and lung, colorectal, and breast cancer in AI/ANs, trends in death rates from these cancers have generally declined.But the rates remained high for blacks, have not decreased equally among all populations, and have increased in certain instances.Continuing research and prevention efforts are needed to reach high-risk and underserved populations and to understand the reasons for differences in cancer mortality among racial/ethnic populations.In each state, attending physicians report and file causes of death on death certificates, which then are consolidated into the National Vital Statistics System.For this analysis, the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, (ICD-9) codes* for cause of death from these cancers and NCI software were used to compute death rates as the number of deaths per 100,000 population, age-adjusted to the 1970 U.S. population by using 5-year age intervals.Deaths and death rates were presented for 1990-1998 for whites, blacks, Hispanics,
The relationship of the baseline ECG to blood pressure change
Authors: D. Sparrow
Journal: JAMA (1983)

A total of 1,090 male participants (aged 23 to 80 years) of the Normative Aging Study who had baseline BP less than 140/90 mm Hg were observed prospectively for ten years. Blood pressures were taken at five- and ten-year follow-up examinations. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that baseline levels of systolic pressure, age, R-wave amplitude (aV<sub>L</sub>), hematocrit, T-wave amplitude (V<sub>5</sub>), and S-wave amplitude (V<sub>4</sub>, V<sub>5</sub>, and V<sub>6</sub>) were statistically significant predictors of systolic pressure change. Baseline levels of diastolic pressure, R-wave amplitude (aV<sub>L</sub>), and hematocrit were statistically significant predictors of diastolic pressure change. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that baseline levels of BP, S-wave amplitude (V<sub>1</sub>, V<sub>2</sub>, and V<sub>3</sub>), body mass index, R-wave amplitude (V<sub>4</sub>, V<sub>5</sub>, and V<sub>6</sub>), and T-wave amplitude (V<sub>5</sub>) were statistically significant predictors of subsequent hypertension. Whether the identified ECG amplitudes are an indicator of early increases in peripheral resistance or a function of neurohumoral factors, or both, is unknown. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;250:1285-1288)
Idiopathic Hypogeusia
Authors: Victor Goodhill
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> "Idiopathic Hypogeusia with Dysgeusia, Hyposmia, and Dysosmia: A New Syndrome," by Henkin et al (<b>217</b>:434, 1971) and the editorial in the same issue entitled "Idiopathic Hypogeusia, A New Disease," are both provocative. Under the heading of Objective Measurements of Taste, a "forced choice" method for detection and recognition of thresholds for each of four taste qualities is described. It is difficult to relate this subjective evaluation taste test to the term "objective." There is no mention of the utilization of electronic gustometry, which is now a significant addition to the armamentarium for testing of taste—although it is also not "objective." It is curious that there is no mention of the chorda tympani nerve anywhere in the paper or in the Editorial. There is no information in the protocol or in the case reports regarding comparative evaluations of right and left sides of the tongue nor of
Differentialdiagnose innerer Krankheiten: Eine kurzgefasste Darstellung für Arzte und Studierende.
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Multiple nonfunctional alleles of CCR5 are frequent in various human populations
Authors: Cédric Blanpain, Benhur Lee, Marie Tackoen, Bridget Puffer, Alain Boom, Frédérick Libert, Mathew Sharron, Valérie Wittamer, Gilbert Vassart, Robert W. Doms, Marc Parmentier
Journal: Blood (2000)
How many physicians can we afford?
Authors: K. Grumbach
Journal: JAMA (1991)

We project physician costs for the year 2000 under several alternative scenarios, using different assumptions about the future supply of physicians and gross income (or expenditures) per physician. The supply of active, posttraining patient-care physicians is projected to increase from a ratio of 144 per 100 000 population in 1986 to 176 per 100 000 in 2000. Depending on whether expenditures per physician increase at the rate of the consumer price index, the gross national product, or the historical 1982 through 1987 expenditure trends, there will be an additional cost (in constant 1986 dollars) of $21 billion, $30 billion, or $40 billion, respectively, compared with projected physician costs under a scenario of a constant physician-to-population ratio. The disproportionate growth of costs for practice overhead will pose a particular problem for efforts to restrain inflation of expenditures per physician. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;265:2369-2372)
7. Diabetes Technology: <i>Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2019</i>
Journal: Diabetes Care (2018)

The American Diabetes Association (ADA) "Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes" includes ADA's current clinical practice recommendations and is intended to provide the components of diabetes care, general treatment goals and guidelines, and tools to evaluate quality of care. Members of the ADA Professional Practice Committee, a multidisciplinary expert committee, are responsible for updating the Standards of Care annually, or more frequently as warranted. For a detailed description of ADA standards, statements, and reports, as well as the evidence-grading system for ADA's clinical practice recommendations, please refer to the Standards of Care Introduction Readers who wish to comment on the Standards of Care are invited to do so at professional.diabetes.org/SOC.
Repair of Traumatic Fistulas of the Parotid Duct
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A view of exocytotic vesicle fusion in living secretory cells
Authors: U Beuers
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

disease course among various PBC cohorts.However, until nm and containing 3 to 20 depressions measuring 100 to 180 more information is available, caution should be exercised nm in diameter were observed only at the apical region of in applying observations made in the Metcalf cohort to acinar cells.The time course of an increase and decrease in the usual PBC patient that presents with cholestatic liver ''depression size'' correlated with an increase and decrease of biochemistries, a positive AMA, and a compatible liver amylase secretion from live acinar cells.Depression dynamics biopsy.and amylase release were found to be regulated in part by actin.No structural changes were identified at the basolateral region of these cells.Our results suggest depressions to be KEITH D. LINDOR, M.D.fusion pores identified earlier in mast cells by freeze-fracture Division of Gastroenterology electron microscopy and by electrophysiological measure-Mayo Clinic Foundation ments.The atomic force microscope has enabled us to observe Rochester, MN plasma membrane dynamics of the exocytic process in living cells in real time.with neuroendocrine cells.The mechanism of exocytosis has
母亲的社会经济地位与银屑病
Authors: J. Groot, A.M. Nybo Andersen, A. Adam, T.E. Tind Nielsen, C. Blegvad, L. Skov
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2019)

银屑病是一种常见的皮肤病,其典型特征是皮肤上有界限清晰的红色或鳞状斑点。丹麦有大约 0.4% 的儿童患有此病,其他西方国家的发病率相近。发生于幼年期的银屑病可被称为儿童银屑病。在丹麦进行的这项研究中,作者旨在确定社会经济地位低的儿童(来自受教育程度低、收入少和就业差的家庭)与社会经济地位高的儿童相,比,是否更有可能患上儿童银屑病。在一项研究中,母亲从怀孕起、其子女从出生起开始参加研究,一直持续到子女年满 11 岁,本文作者采用了这项研究的数据。在对儿童进行的 11 年随访中,母亲被问及其子女是否患上银屑病。有关社会经济地位的信息使用包含母亲收入水平、受教育程度和工作状况的官方数据库中的数据进行了收集。作者调查研究了这些因素是否会影响其子女发生儿童银屑病,结果表明两者高度相关。受教育程度或收入水平低的母亲所生的孩子与受教育程度或收入水平高的母亲所生的孩子相比,前者更有可能患上儿童银屑病。出生时和童年期的社会经济状况似乎在儿童银屑病发病风险方面扮演某种角色。
The fish odor syndrome. Trimethylaminuria
Authors: E. D. Shelley
Journal: JAMA (1984)

TOO OFTEN the patient with generalized body odor of inapparent origin presents only a history of the problem to a skeptical physician. Like hives, the odor may be episodic and not present at the time of an office visit. The odor also may be apparent only to an hyperosmic patient, such as one with cystic fibrosis.<sup>1</sup>The physician himself may be hyposmic, or the odor lost in the efficient ventilation of the office setting, as happened with an occupationally induced tellurium odor.<sup>2</sup>Unable to confirm the complaint, the physician may begin to entertain a diagnosis of schizophrenia or consider a computed tomographic scan of the brain to search for a tumor. Finally, both the physician and the patient may be disbelieving when the odor is noticed only by others, as has occurred with the use of topical benzoyl peroxide.<sup>3</sup> However, some body odors overwhelm and call for
Von Recklinghausen's disease and gastrointestinal carcinoids
Authors: L. Johnson
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Necrosis of Head of Femur Following Fracture of Femoral Neck
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ATM/RB1 mutations to predict shorter overall survival (OS) in bladder cancer.
Authors: Monika Joshi, Petros Grivas, Siraj Mahamed Ali, Joann Hsu, Monali K. Vasekar, Hamid Emamekhoo, Sumanta K. Pal, Sierra Min Li, Joseph J. Drabick, Ming Yin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2017)

4547 Background: DNA repair defect plays an important role in tumorigenesis, progression and treatment outcomes of urothelial cancer. Somatic mutations of ATM/RB1 genes are frequently found in urothelial cancer and have been associated with a better response to cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy. However, their prognostic value overall in urothelial cancer have not been determined. Methods: Exome sequencing data of 130 urothelial bladder cancer patients (pts) from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset were analyzed as a discovery cohort to determine the prognostic value of ATM and RB1 mutations. Results from discovery dataset were further validated by an independent cohort of 79 advanced urothelial cancer pts who received comprehensive genomic sequencing for urothelial cancer with FoundationOne. OS was measured from time of initial diagnosis and Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: In the discovery dataset, somatic mutations of ATM/RB1 genes were present in 24% of pts and were associated with significantly shorter OS [all stages: adjusted HR = 2.67, 95% CI, 1.45–4.92, P = 0.002; stage II-III only: adjHR = 2.76, 95% CI, 1.23–6.20, P = 0.014]. There was high mutation load in pts carrying ATM/RB1 mutations (median mutation count: 196 versus 160, P = 0.09). In the validation (stage IV) dataset, ATM/RB1 mutations were present in 31.7% of pts and tended to associate with shorter OS (adjHR = 1.97, 95% CI, 0.89–4.40, P = 0.094) and higher mutation load (median mutation load: 8.1 versus 7.2 per Mb, P = 0.136), although statistical significance was not reached. Conclusions: These results suggest that ATM/RB1 mutations may be considered as a poor prognostic biomarker in unselected urothelial cancer pts and may correlate with higher mutational load. Further studies are required to determine patient characteristics that can further stratify prognosis based on ATM/RB1 mutation status, and evaluate the potential predictive role of ATM/RB1 mutation status in response to immunotherapy.
Internal medicine
Authors: A. Soffer
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<i>How many internists are necessary for optimal health care in the United States, and how do these needs relate to the total medical manpower issues confronting the nation? What are the factors responsible for the current interest in general internal medicine in academic centers and in internal medicine societies? A perceptive analysis of recent developments and future trends is presented by Mark Siegler, MD, and Alvin Tarlov, MD. These coauthors are uniquely qualified to present an authoritative update on internal medicine today. Siegler, a member of the faculty of the University of Chicago Department of Medicine, was coeditor of a special issue of the</i>Archives of Internal Medicine<i>devoted to the subject of "The Role, Training and Responsibilities of the General Internist" (</i>Arch Intern Med<i>137:1271-1334, 1977). He and his colleagues have</i>published many reports in recent years on such subjects as "Development of an Academic Section of General Internal Medicine, " "The University Medical School Reaching to the Community Physician," and "A Right to Health Care: Ambiguity, Professional Responsibility and Patient Liberty." His interests in clinical ethics and in medical education have resulted in the formulation of creative approaches to the physician-patient relationship. Siegler contends that the patient should have a primary principal physician. This clinician should assume ultimate responsibility for the complex system of health care involved in diagnosis and therapy. In a sense this physician is an advocate of the patient in dealing with the hospital, the consultants, and the clinical laboratory. Tarlov is chairman of the Department of Medicine of the University of Chicago. He is chairman of the Federated Council for Internal Medicine and president-elect of the Association of Professors of Medicine. His skills and authority in the realm of manpower needs in internal medicine are widely respected. These interests encompass health manpower planning for all disciplines in medicine, and this leadership role has recently been recognized by the secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare (DHEW). Secretary Califano named Tarlov as chairman of the Graduate Medical Education National Advisory Committee of DHEW. Responsibilities of this committee are to assess the number of physicians needed in the United States and to make recommendations on the distribution of professionals among the various medical specialties, how they should be deployed geographically, how graduate medical education should be financed, and what the role of the federal government should be in influencing all of these factors. Tarlov heads another national project to evaluate aspects of this problem; he is the chairman of the Association of Professors of Medicine Task Force on Manpower Needs in Internal Medicine.—A.S.
Active and Passive Smoking and Pathological Indicators of Lung Cancer—A Report of Limited Value?
Authors: Kathryn Goldin
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The article by Trichopoulos et al<sub>1</sub>provides yet more information on the hazards of tobacco smoking. On the other hand, I can't help wondering if the associations between passive smoking and lung pathology might have been stronger had the workers not excluded subjects who had died from cancer or lung disease. It might also have been interesting to look at cervical cancer and cell atypia in the wives of smokers and nonsmokers.