tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
What's new in the other general journals
Authors: Alison Tonks
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Sentinel node biopsy should become the standard of care for people with medium thickness melanoma, according to an editorial. A large trial (pp 1307-17 ) has shown that sentinel node biopsy, coupled with immediate lymphadenectomy if positive, helps control regional recurrence for everyone, and improves survival among patients with nodal metasatases. Credit: N ENGL J MED Patients who had the biopsy had longer disease-free survival over five years than patients who were observed and offered lymphadenectomy only when their diseased nodes became obvious clinically (78% v 73%; hazard ratio for death 0.74; 95% CI 0.59 to 0.93). Sentinel node biopsy didn't prolong overall survival, but among the 16% of patients with nodal metastases, those who had the biopsy followed by immediate surgery survived significantly longer than those who had to wait for their surgery until their lymph nodes got big enough to palpate (72% five years survival v 52%; hazard ratio for death, 0.51, 0.32 to 0.81). During a median wait of 16 months, their tumours progressed and the mean number of malignant lymph nodes increased from 1.4 to 3.3 (P < 0.001). Credit: JAMA N Engl J Med 2006; 355:1370–1 [OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3] As the threat of terrorism becomes more real in the US, the emergency medical services required to deal with its aftermath are in serious decline, writes a professor of emergency medicine from Atlanta. His department and many others are overflowing, demoralised, and stretched beyond their capacity to cope with any kind of mass casualty event. Patients are being “boarded” in corridors and examination rooms waiting for beds, and overcrowded hospitals are increasingly turning away ambulances—at a rate of about one every minute. He blames the “upside down world” of federal funding for these well documented and worsening problems. Between 2000 and 2006 the government increased spending on bioterrorism “preparedness” from $237m (£126m, €187m) to $9.6bn, … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DNew%2BEngland%2BJournal%2Bof%2BMedicine%26rft.stitle%253DNEJM%26rft.issn%253D0028-4793%26rft.aulast%253DBalch%26rft.auinit1%253DC.%2BM.%26rft.volume%253D355%26rft.issue%253D13%26rft.spage%253D1370%26rft.epage%253D1371%26rft.atitle%253DSentinel-Node%2BBiopsy%2Bin%2BMelanoma%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1056%252FNEJMe068147%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F17005955%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1056/NEJMe068147&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=17005955&link_type=MED&atom=%2Fbmj%2F333%2F7571%2F744.atom
Na+/Ca2+ exchange may play an important role in ischemia-reperfusion injury in in vivo heart and brain Teisuke Takahashi Kenzo Takahashi, Michihito Onishi, Yu Tanaka, Tomomi Ota, Kazuya Kameo. Taisho Pharmaceutical, Co., Ltd., Omiya, Japan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Reduced Birthweight and Length in the Offspring of Females Exposed to PCDFs, PCP, and Lindane
Authors: Wilfried Karmaus, Nicola Wolf
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

The objective of this study was to investigate a broad range of adverse health outcomes and their potential association to wood preservative used in daycare centers. This article focuses on reproductive effects. A sample of 221 exposed teachers was provided by the employer's liability insurers. A comparison group (n = 189) insured by the same two organizations was recruited from nonexposed daycare centers. In a face-to-face interview, job history and reproductive history of 398 female teachers were ascertained. Data on exposure were provided, including measurements on concentration of pentachlorophenol (PCP) and lindane in wood panels, and of PCP, lindane, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in indoor air. An exposure matrix based on individual job history, independent exposure information from each center, and reproductive history was set up with regard to the vulnerable time windows for each pregnancy. Using this approach, 49 exposed and 507 nonexposed pregnancies were identified, including 32 exposed and 386 nonexposed live births. For subgroup analyses the observations were restricted to independent pregnancies, excluding multiple and consecutive births. The data were analyzed with linear regression techniques, taking confounders into account. The crude median difference between exposed and nonexposed was 175 g in birthweight and 2 cm in length. Controlling for confounders, the results show a significantly reduced but weight (p = 0.04) and length (p = 0.02) in exposed pregnancies, even after restricting the data to independent pregnancies and pregnancies for which data could be validated from the mother's health cards. These differences were not explained by differences in gestational age indicating that a toxic effect, which could cause small-for date newborns, might have affected the fetus.
Further Studies of a Natriuretic Substance Occurring in Human Urine and Plasma
Authors: JEAN E. SEALEY, JOHN H. LARAGH
Journal: Circulation Research (1971)

Studies are presented which provide additional physiological and biochemical characterization of a natriuretic agent which has been identified in extracts of plasma and urine of human subjects. The natriuretic activity of active fractions was consistently demonstrable in normal hydropenic rats as well as in rats with congenital diabetes insipidus. The induced natriuresis usually developed slowly and could last for several hours. The natriuresis was not usually associated with increases in water or potassium excretion. It occurred without measurable changes in glomerular filtration rate or arterial blood pressure. Altogether, these results suggest that the substance acts to depress sodium reabsorption in the distal tubule. In bioassays of similarly prepared fractions utilizing direct perfusion of the renal artery, an immediate and transient natriuresis has been consistently observed. This immediate response appears to be produced by a substance different from that responsible for the delayed and more prolonged natriuresis, because the immediate response was always associated with a rise in blood pressure in the assay animal. Also, the activity of the agent responsible for the immediate natriuresis did not fluctuate with changes in sodium balance in the experimental subjects. Contamination with this substance may explain the occasional immediate response observed in earlier assays. This experience points to the importance of monitoring blood pressure during assays for natriuretic agents. Additional fractionation studies continue to suggest that the substance occurring in salt-loaded human subjects which causes the more delayed and prolonged natriuresis in assay animals appears to be of a molecular weight of from 10,000 to 50,000.
PHYSICIANS DO NOT APPROVE OF CHLOROFORMING THE HELPLESS.
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Preoperative Echocardiography for Noncardiac Surgery
Authors: Herman O. Klein
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters15 February 1998Preoperative Echocardiography for Noncardiac SurgeryHerman O. Klein, MDHerman O. Klein, MDMeir General Hospital; Kfar Saba 44281, IsraelAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-128-4-199802150-00033 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:I am willing to withdraw my comments about the editors, but I still maintain that using visual estimation of ejection fraction by two-dimensional echocardiography is far less than scientific. Dr. Rich supports my view, and I thank him for providing the scientific underpinning for what seems intuitively correct. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Meir General Hospital; Kfar Saba 44281, Israel PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 February 1998Volume 128, Issue 4Page: 325KeywordsEchocardiographyEjection fractionSurgery Issue Published: 15 February 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Refocusing support and direction
Authors: D. K. Wentz
Journal: JAMA (1991)

The single best word to describe continuing medical education (CME) in the first year of the new decade is "change." Between June 1990 and June 1991, developments were made in the way CME was used in the credentialing of physicians, in the way CME was focused toward physicians' goals, and in the way CME was supported commercially. Also, new developments in the American Medical Association's (AMA's) Physician's Recognition Award (PRA) are changing the type of CME available to physicians and the programs that will be provided to them in the 1990s. <h3>NEW GUIDELINES FOR COMMERCIAL SUPPORT OF CME</h3> Major support for CME has been provided for many years by the pharmaceutical, medical device, and medical equipment industries. Generally, the education has been of excellent quality and has been a welcome addition to CME offerings; however, concern has been growing about the appropriateness of certain kinds of gifts that these industries
BNP-Guided Heart Failure Therapy in Older Patients
Authors: Adrian F. Hernandez
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 5050: Testosterone supplementation in relation to prostate cancer in a US commercial insurance claims database
Authors: Michael B. Cook, Daniel C. Beachler, Lauren E. Parlett, Philip T. Cochetti, William D. Finkle, Stephan Lanes, Robert N. Hoover
Journal: Cancer Research (2019)

Abstract Background: Testosterone supplementation (TS) has dramatically increased in the United States (US). We conducted a study of TS and prostate cancer risk using a large US commercial insurance research database. Methods: From the HealthCore Integrated Research Database (HIRDSM), we selected men aged 30 years or greater who were new users of TS during 2007-2015. We selected two male comparison groups: 1) unexposed (matched 10:1); 2) new users of a phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor (PDE5i). Incident prostate cancer was defined as diagnosis of prostate cancer within four-weeks following prostate biopsy. Propensity scores and inverse probability of treatment weights were used in Poisson regression models to estimate adjusted incidence rates, incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using doubly robust estimation. Subgroup analyses included stratification by prostate cancer screening, hypogonadism, and follow-up time. Results: The adjusted prostate cancer IRR was 0.77 (95%CI: 0.68, 0.86) when comparing TS with the unexposed group and 0.85 (95%CI: 0.79, 0.91) in comparison with the PDE5i group. Inverse associations between TS and prostate cancer were observed in a majority of subgroup analyses, although in both comparisons estimates generally attenuated with increasing time following initial exposure. Amongst TS users, duration of exposure was not associated with prostate cancer. Conclusion: In this study, men who received TS did not have a higher rate of prostate cancer compared with the unexposed or PDE5i comparison groups. The inverse association between TS and prostate cancer could be the result of residual confounding, contraindication bias, or undefined biologic effect. Citation Format: Michael B. Cook, Daniel C. Beachler, Lauren E. Parlett, Philip T. Cochetti, William D. Finkle, Stephan Lanes, Robert N. Hoover. Testosterone supplementation in relation to prostate cancer in a US commercial insurance claims database [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5050.
Antimicrobial Therapy
Authors: J. P. Sanford
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<i>Antimicrobial Therapy</i>is well worth the price and would be of value to all students of medicine whether in training or in practice. If physicians followed the recommendations made in this volume, the quality of medical care would be improved. Let me emphasize the strengths from which this conclusion was drawn. Overall, the volume provides a compilation of information both theoretical and practical, some of which is difficult to locate in other sources, eg, Table 32-3 on dosage of antimicrobials by the aerosol route. In addition, most of the chapters are well referenced. Part 1, dealing with applied pharmacology, is of generally high quality, and consistent despite multiple authorship. Part 2, dealing with clinical applications, is more variable in quality. Chapter 12, "Common Sense (Clinical Judgment) in the Diagnosis and Antibiotic Therapy of Etiologically Undefined Infections," by Dr. Weinstein, is outstanding and should be required reading for all physicians at
Reply
Authors: L. Rios-Buceta, P.F. Peñas, E. Dauden-Tello, J. FragaFernandez, P. Dominguez-Arciniega, A. Garcia-Diez
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

British Journal of DermatologyVolume 135, Issue 4 p. 652-652 Reply L. Rios-Buceta, L. Rios-Buceta Hospital de la Princesa, Servicio de Dermatologia, c/Diego de Leon 62.28006 Madrid, SpainSearch for more papers by this authorP.F. Peñas, P.F. Peñas Hospital de la Princesa, Servicio de Dermatologia, c/Diego de Leon 62.28006 Madrid, SpainSearch for more papers by this authorE. Dauden-Tello, E. Dauden-Tello Hospital de la Princesa, Servicio de Dermatologia, c/Diego de Leon 62.28006 Madrid, SpainSearch for more papers by this authorJ. FragaFernandez, J. FragaFernandez Hospital de la Princesa, Servicio de Dermatologia, c/Diego de Leon 62.28006 Madrid, SpainSearch for more papers by this authorP. Dominguez-Arciniega, P. Dominguez-Arciniega Hospital de la Princesa, Servicio de Dermatologia, c/Diego de Leon 62.28006 Madrid, SpainSearch for more papers by this authorA. Garcia-Diez, A. Garcia-Diez Hospital de la Princesa, Servicio de Dermatologia, c/Diego de Leon 62.28006 Madrid, SpainSearch for more papers by this author L. Rios-Buceta, L. Rios-Buceta Hospital de la Princesa, Servicio de Dermatologia, c/Diego de Leon 62.28006 Madrid, SpainSearch for more papers by this authorP.F. Peñas, P.F. Peñas Hospital de la Princesa, Servicio de Dermatologia, c/Diego de Leon 62.28006 Madrid, SpainSearch for more papers by this authorE. Dauden-Tello, E. Dauden-Tello Hospital de la Princesa, Servicio de Dermatologia, c/Diego de Leon 62.28006 Madrid, SpainSearch for more papers by this authorJ. FragaFernandez, J. FragaFernandez Hospital de la Princesa, Servicio de Dermatologia, c/Diego de Leon 62.28006 Madrid, SpainSearch for more papers by this authorP. Dominguez-Arciniega, P. Dominguez-Arciniega Hospital de la Princesa, Servicio de Dermatologia, c/Diego de Leon 62.28006 Madrid, SpainSearch for more papers by this authorA. Garcia-Diez, A. Garcia-Diez Hospital de la Princesa, Servicio de Dermatologia, c/Diego de Leon 62.28006 Madrid, SpainSearch for more papers by this author First published: October 1996 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1996.tb03854.xCitations: 1AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume135, Issue4October 1996Pages 652-652 RelatedInformation
Clinical Summaries
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Cardiac Arrhythmias and Risk Stratification After Acute Myocardial Infarction (CARISMA) reports on long-term cardiac arrhythmias recorded by an implantable cardiac monitor in patients with left ventricular Յ40% after myocardial infarction.Clinically significant bradyarrhythmias and tachyarrhythmias were documented in a substantial proportion of patients, most of them asymptomatic.A large number of the documented arrhythmias would result in device therapy according to the current guidelines.The most significant arrhythmia was intermittent high-degree atrioventricular block, which was associated with a very high risk of cardiac death.However, the study was observational, and whether the use of implantable cardiac monitors in this population could improve clinical outcome should be tested in larger randomized trials.See p 1258.
Cooperative Role of Telomerase Activity and <i>p16</i> Expression in the Prognosis of Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Rosa González-Quevedo, Pilar Iniesta, Alberto Morán, Carmen de Juan, Andrés Sánchez-Pernaute, C. Fernández, Antonio Torres, E. Díaz-Rubio, Jose-Luis Balibrea, Manuel Benito
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

PURPOSE: Telomerase activity and p16 expression can be considered two of the most important molecular markers implicated in tumorigenesis. Our main aim was to study the cooperative role of both molecular alterations in the prognosis of patients surgically resected for non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: We have determined telomerase activity and p16 expression in a series of 98 prospectively collected NSCLC specimens obtained from patients who had undergone surgery without other treatment. Telomerase activity was investigated by a telomeric repeat amplification protocol enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay–based procedure, and p16 expression was examined by Western blot. Associations with survival were evaluated. RESULTS: Positive results for telomerase activity were found in 82% of the cases, and this variable correlated with poor differentiation and recurrence of tumors. Lack of p16 expression was observed in 61% of tumors, and a significant association with tumor recurrence was also observed. By univariate analysis, both negative telomerase activity and p16-positive expression were significantly correlated with a better prognosis. Moreover, statistics for equality of survival distributions for telomerase, adjusted for p16, indicated a positive interaction between both parameters. For telomerase-positive tumors, p16 expression emerged as a significant independent protective variable, as indicated by Cox multivariate analysis (relative risk [RR], 0.214; P = .014). This protective effect was maintained only for stage I and II tumors (RR, 0.108; P = .046). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the combined telomerase activity and p16 expression analyses may be of prognostic importance in NSCLC, especially for patients affected by stage I and II tumors.
Dietary arachidonic acid and the aetiology of ulcerative colitis: data from a UK prospective cohort study, using 7-day food diaries
Authors: P. De Silva, R. Luben, A. Mc Taggart, K. T. Khaw, A. Hart
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> There is emerging evidence that arachidonic acid (AA), an n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-6 PUFA), is involved in the aetiology of ulcerative colitis. The biological mechanism may involve the production from AA, of the pro-inflammatory eicosonoids prostaglandin E<sub>2</sub> (PGE<sub>2</sub>) and leukotriene B<sub>4</sub> (LTB<sub>4</sub>), which are present in higher concentrations in the colonic mucosa of patients. The aim of this study was to investigate, for the first time in a prospective cohort study using nutrient data from 7-day food diaries (7-DFDs), whether an increased dietary AA intake was associated with the development of incident ulcerative colitis. <h3>Methods</h3> A total of 23 658 men and women aged 40–78 years, in Norfolk, UK, were recruited into EPIC (European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer). At baseline, participants completed detailed 7-DFDs which recorded their dietary intake of food types, brands, quantities, frequency of consumption and cooking methods. Each diary was coded by nutritionists, using a specifically designed computer programme which contained information on the nutrient content of 11 000 food items, including AA. The cohort was then monitored for participants who subsequently developed incident ulcerative colitis, with each case confirmed by review of the medical notes. Each case was matched for age at recruitment, date of recruitment, gender and follow-up time, with four controls, and the odds ratios calculated for the risk of ulcerative colitis and tertiles of AA intake. The analysis was adjusted for cigarette smoking, total energy intake and other dietary fatty acids affecting AA metabolism. <h3>Results</h3> In the cohort, 26 participants (58% men) developed incident ulcerative colitis after a median follow-up time of 3.8 years (range 0.5–8.3 years). The extent of the colonic inflammation was up to the splenic flexure in 53% of patients. Higher AA intakes were associated with an increased risk of UC (highest vs lowest tertile OR= 6.09, 95% CI=1.05 to 35.23, p=0.04) with a positive trend across tertiles (OR=1.94, 95% CI =0.88 to 4.29, p=0.10). The attributable fraction for the two higher tertiles of AA intake and incident cases of UC was 57%. <h3>Conclusion</h3> An increased dietary intake of arachidonic acid, as measured from 7-DFDs (the most accurate feasible method of measuring diet in large epidemiological studies), was associated with an increased risk of developing UC. While it is possible that preclinical disease might influence, dietary intake, these results further support a role for AA and n-6 PUFAs in the pathogenesis of UC, and their intake should be measured in future aetiological work.