tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Estimated incubation period distributions of mpox using cases from two international European festivals and outbreaks in a club in Berlin, May to June 2022
Authors: Sarah E McFarland, Ulrich Marcus, Lukas Hemmers, Fuminari Miura, Jesús Iñigo Martínez, Fernando Martín Martínez, Elisa Gil Montalbán, Emilie Chazelle, Alexandra Mailles, Yassoungo Silue, Naïma Hammami, Amaryl Lecompte, Nicolas Ledent, Wim Vanden Berghe, Laurens Liesenborghs, Dorien Van den Bossche, Paul R Cleary, Jacco Wallinga, Eve P Robinson, Tone Bjordal Johansen, Antra Bormane, Tanya Melillo, Cornelia Seidl, Liza Coyer, Ronja Boberg, Annette Jurke, Dirk Werber, Alexander Bartel
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2023)

Background Since May 2022, an mpox outbreak affecting primarily men who have sex with men (MSM) has occurred in numerous non-endemic countries worldwide. As MSM frequently reported multiple sexual encounters in this outbreak, reliably determining the time of infection is difficult; consequently, estimation of the incubation period is challenging. Aim We aimed to provide valid and precise estimates of the incubation period distribution of mpox by using cases associated with early outbreak settings where infection likely occurred. Methods Colleagues in European countries were invited to provide information on exposure intervals and date of symptom onset for mpox cases who attended a fetish festival in Antwerp, Belgium, a gay pride festival in Gran Canaria, Spain or a particular club in Berlin, Germany, where early mpox outbreaks occurred. Cases of these outbreaks were pooled; doubly censored models using the log-normal, Weibull and Gamma distributions were fitted to estimate the incubation period distribution. Results We included data on 122 laboratory-confirmed cases from 10 European countries. Depending on the distribution used, the median incubation period ranged between 8 and 9 days, with 5th and 95th percentiles ranging from 2 to 3 and from 20 to 23 days, respectively. The shortest interval that included 50% of incubation periods spanned 8 days (4–11 days). Conclusion Current public health management of close contacts should consider that in approximately 5% of cases, the incubation period exceeds the commonly used monitoring period of 21 days.
Sulfate-reducing bacteria loaded in hydrogel as a long-lasting H2S factory for tumor therapy
Authors: Yuzhi Qiu, Man Fan, Yiqian Wang, Xiuwen Hu, Jiawen Chen, Samir Kamel, Yajiang Yang, Xiangliang Yang, Hongfang Liu, Yanhong Zhu, Qin Wang
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2023)
Eliminating the Pipeline Metaphor in Framing Workforce Equity for American Indian and Alaska Native Communities
Authors: Nicole Stern, Monica Vela, Sunny Nakae
Journal: JAMA Network Open (2023)

For many years, the term pipeline has been used metaphorically by researchers and policy makers to refer to the progression of students advancing toward a science, technology, engineering, or mathematics (STEM) degree or a career in medicine. 1Past criticisms of the term pipeline highlight how students, especially those from historically excluded backgrounds, such as American Indian, Black, and Latino/a individuals, "leak" out of the "pipeline" for a variety of personal, social, financial (economic), or cultural reasons.For American Indian and Alaska Native individuals, the term pipeline is especially offensive.More specifically, this term is pejorative for communities where pipeline projects in the US threaten sacred homelands and water supplies.Many people will recall the resistance of the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe and their allies to the Dakota Access Pipeline.Recently, a new pipeline project impacting racially marginalized residents, including Black and low-income residents, living in the Southwest Crossings neighborhood of Houston, Texas, highlighted the continuing practice of divestment and displacement faced by these communities.
Interstitial Injection of Hydrogels with High‐Mechanical Conductivity Relieves Muscle Atrophy Induced by Nerve Injury
Authors: Kai Li, Yuting Zhu, Qiang Zhang, Yahong Shi, Tun Yan, Xi Lu, Huizhen Sun, Tingting Li, Zhongxian Li, Xiaoli Shi, Dong Han
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Injectable hydrogels have been extensively used in tissue engineering where high mechanical properties are key for their functionality at sites of high physiological stress. In this study, an injectable, conductive hydrogel is developed exhibiting remarkable mechanical strength that can withstand a pressure of 500 kPa (85% deformation rate) and display good fatigue resistance, electrical conductivity, and tissue adhesion. A stable covalent cross-linked network with a slip-ring structure by threading amino β-cyclodextrin is formed onto the chain of a four-armed (polyethylene glycol) amino group, and then reacted with the four-armed (polyethylene glycol) maleimide under physiological conditions. The addition of silver nanowires enhances the hydrogel's electrical conductivity, enabling it to act as a good conductor in vivo. The hydrogel is injected into the fascial space, and the results show that the weight and muscle tone of the atrophied gastrocnemius muscle improve, subsequently alleviating muscle atrophy. Overall, this study provides a simple method for the preparation of a conductive hydrogel with high mechanical properties. In addition, the interstitial injection provides a strategy for the use of hydrogels in vivo.
M<scp>ALNUTRITION AND</scp> P<scp>OVERTY</scp>
Authors: Manuel Peña, Jorge Bacallao
Journal: Annual Review of Nutrition (2002)

▪ Abstract This paper is an attempt to discuss the problem of malnutrition within the framework of the global need for development and the challenges posed by the trends of neoliberalism and globalization. We argue that there is a two-way link between poverty and health in which nutrition plays an important role both as an active and as a mediating factor. Key concepts are exposed and expanded: (a) Development per se does not ensure better health; (b) unequal distribution of income has an independent effect on health indicators after adjusting for total income; (c) improving health can make an important contribution to reducing poverty; (d ) improving nutrition throughout the whole life course is an indispensable strategy for better health; (e) obesity has to be included amongst the most critical health problems, has different traits, and presents with different challenges in the developing world and in the industrialized countries.
mRNA: A promising platform for cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Byoungjae Kong, Yelee Kim, Eun Hye Kim, Jung Soo Suk, Yoosoo Yang
Journal: Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews (2023)

Messenger RNA (mRNA) is now in the limelight as a powerful tool for treating various human diseases, especially malignant tumors, thanks to the remarkable clinical outcomes of mRNA vaccines using lipid nanoparticle technology during the COVID-19 pandemic. Recent promising preclinical and clinical results that epitomize the advancement in mRNA and nanoformulation-based delivery technologies have highlighted the tremendous potential of mRNA in cancer immunotherapy. mRNAs can be harnessed for cancer immunotherapy in forms of various therapeutic modalities, including cancer vaccines, adoptive T-cell therapies, therapeutic antibodies, and immunomodulatory proteins. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state and prospects of mRNA-based therapeutics, including numerous delivery and therapeutic strategies.
Anti‐Pan‐Rspo Chimeric Protein‐Conjugated Albumin Nanoparticle Provides Promising Opportunities in Cancer Targeted Therapy
Authors: Shaoqin Zheng, Xi Zhang, Zhongqiu Pang, Jidong Liu, Siyu Liu, Ren Sheng
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Rspos (R-spondins) belong to a family of secreted proteins that causes various cancers via interacting the corresponding receptors. However, targeted therapeutic approaches against Rspos are largely lacking. In this study, a chimeric protein Rspo-targeting anticancer chimeric protein (RTAC) is originally designed, engineered, and characterized. RTAC shows satisfactory anticancer effects through inhibition of pan-Rspo-mediated Wnt/β-catenin signaling activation both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, a conceptually novel antitumor strategy distinct from traditional drug delivery systems that release drugs inside tumor cells is proposed. A special "firewall" nano-system is designed to enrich on tumor cell surface and cover the plasma membrane, rather than undergoing endocytosis, to block oncogenic Rspos from binding to receptors. Cyclic RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) peptide-linked globular cluster serum albumin nanoparticles (SANP) are integrated as a vehicle for conjugating RTAC (SANP-RTAC/RGD) for tumor tissue targeting. These nanoparticles can adhere to the tumor cell surface and enable RTAC to locally capture free Rspos with high spatial efficiency and selectivity to antagonize cancer progression. Therefore, this approach offers a new nanomedical anticancer route and obtains the "dual-targeting" capability for effective tumor clearance and low potential toxicity. This study presents a proof-of-concept for anti-pan-Rspo therapy and a nanoparticle-integrated paradigm for targeted cancer treatment.
Transarterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma: 2023 Expert consensus-based practical recommendations of the Korean Liver Cancer Association
Authors: Yuri Cho, Jin Woo Choi, Hoon Kwon, Kun Yung Kim, Byung Chan Lee, Hee Ho Chu, Dong Hyeon Lee, Han Ah Lee, Gyoung Min Kim, Jung Suk Oh, Dongho Hyun, In Joon Lee, Hyunchul Rhim
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2023)

Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) was introduced in 1977 with the administration of chemotherapeutic agent to gelatin sponge particles through the hepatic artery in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and was established as conventional TACE using Lipiodol in the 1980s. In the 2000s, drug-eluting beads were developed and applied clinically. Currently, TACE is a commonly used non-surgical treatment modality for patients with HCC who are unsuitable for curative treatment. Considering the vital role of TACE in the management of HCC, it is crucial to organize current knowledge and expert opinions regarding patient preparation, procedural techniques, and post-treatment care in TACE, which can enhance therapeutic efficacy and safety. A group of 12 experts in the fields of interventional radiology and hepatology, convened by the Research Committee of the Korean Liver Cancer Association (KLCA), has developed expert consensus-based practical recommendations in TACE. These recommendations have been endorsed by the Korean Society of Interventional Radiology and provide useful information and direction in performing TACE procedure as well as pre- and post- procedural patient care.
Predictors of patient satisfaction with Mohs micrographic surgery at time of surgery and 3 months postsurgery: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Katherine G. Thompson, Divya Manoharan, Raghav Tripathi, Emanuelle Rizk, Jonathan Lai, Jenny Carpenter, Davies Gage, Sumrah Jilani, Shirley Lin, Kristin P. Bibee, Jeffrey F. Scott
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2023)
Non-immune hydrops fetalis caused by Diamond-Blackfan anaemia and a mutation of the RPL15 gene
Authors: Pradip Dashraath, Karen M X Lim, Hui-Lin Chin, Azleen Sidek, Derrick W Q Lian, Arundhati Gosavi, Pei Lin Koh, Arijit Biswas, Denise L M Goh
Journal: The Lancet (2023)
Artificial intelligence-based model to classify cardiac functions from chest radiographs: a multi-institutional, retrospective model development and validation study
Authors: Daiju Ueda, Toshimasa Matsumoto, Shoichi Ehara, Akira Yamamoto, Shannon L Walston, Asahiro Ito, Taro Shimono, Masatsugu Shiba, Tohru Takeshita, Daiju Fukuda, Yukio Miki
Journal: The Lancet Digital Health (2023)

Chest radiography is a common and widely available examination. Although cardiovascular structures-such as cardiac shadows and vessels-are visible on chest radiographs, the ability of these radiographs to estimate cardiac function and valvular disease is poorly understood. Using datasets from multiple institutions, we aimed to develop and validate a deep-learning model to simultaneously detect valvular disease and cardiac functions from chest radiographs.
Pan American League of Associations for Rheumatology Guidelines for the treatment of ANCA-associated vasculitis
Authors: Sebastián Juan Magri, Manuel Francisco Ugarte-Gil, Maria Lorena Brance, Luis Felipe Flores-Suárez, Daniel Gerardo Fernández-Ávila, Marina Scolnik, Emilia Inoue Sato, Alexandre Wagner S de Souza, Lina María Saldarriaga-Rivera, Alejandra Magdalena Babini, Natalia V Zamora, María Laura Acosta Felquer, Facundo Vergara, Leandro Carlevaris, Santiago Scarafia, Enrique Roberto Soriano Guppy, Sebastian Unizony
Journal: The Lancet Rheumatology (2023)
Baricitinib in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: an international, phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, withdrawal, efficacy, and safety trial
Authors: Athimalaipet V Ramanan, Pierre Quartier, Nami Okamoto, Ivan Foeldvari, Alberto Spindler, Šárka Fingerhutová, Jordi Antón, Zhongkai Wang, Gabriella Meszaros, Joana Araújo, Ran Liao, Stuart Keller, Hermine I Brunner, Nicolino Ruperto, Diego Viola, Alberto Spindler, Jonathan Akikusa, Jeffrey Chaitow, Christian Huemer, Joke Dehoorne, Carine Wouters, Bernard Lauwerys, Cecile Boulanger, Claudia Saad Magalhães, Maria Terreri, Caifeng Li, Xuemei Tang, Qihua Feng, Haiguo Yu, Zhixuan Zhou, Pavla Dolezalova, Rudolf Horvath, Troels Herlin, Mia Glerup, Pierre Quartier Dit Maire, Isabelle Kone Paut, Elisabeth Gervais, Alexandre Belot, Investigator Name, Gerd Horneff, Kirsten Minden, Ralf Trauzeddel, Ivan Foeldvari, Thomas Lutz, Astrid Helling-Bakki, Jürgen Grulich-Henn, Jasmin Kümmerle-Deschner, Sujata Sawhney, Sathish Kumar, Mahesh Janarthanan, Gil Amarilyo, Yonatan Butbul, Yosef Uziel, Irit Tirosh, Liora Harel, Roberta Caorsi, Serena Pastore, Alberto Tommasini, Maria Alessio, Luciana Breda, Marco Cattalini, Rolando Cimaz, Teresa Giani, Gabriele Simonini, Giovanni Filocamo, Hiroaki Umebayashi, Utako Kaneko, Yutaka Kawano, Satoshi Sato, Masaaki Mori, Masaki Shimizu, Kenichi Yamaguchi, Shuichi Ito, Tomoyuki Imagawa, Masaki Shimizu, Natsumi Inoue, Tadafumi Yokoyama, Kosuke Shabana, Yuka Ozeki, Yoshifumi Kawano, Yuichi Yamasaki, Takako Miyamae, Gabriel Vega Cornejo, Nadina Rubio Perez, Edgar Vargas, Cesar Pacheco-Tena, Favio Edmundo Enriquez Sosa, Elzbieta Smolewska, Zbigniew Zuber, Piotr Gietka, Ekaterina Alexeeva, Irina Nikishina, Sania Valieva, Jordi Antón López, Sara Murias Loza, Rosa Maria Alcobendas Rueda, Inmaculada Calvo Penades, Genaro Grana, Alina Lucica Boteanu, Ozgur Kasapcopur, Erbil Unsal, Athimalaipet Vaidyanathan Ramanan, Sandrine Lacassagne, Daniel Hawley, Kamran Mahmood, Beverley Almeida
Journal: The Lancet (2023)
Machine Learning Pipeline for Predicting Bone Marrow Edema Along the Sacroiliac Joints on Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Joris Roels, Ann‐Sophie De Craemer, Thomas Renson, Manouk de Hooge, Arne Gevaert, Thomas Van Den Berghe, Lennart Jans, Nele Herregods, Philippe Carron, Filip Van den Bosch, Yvan Saeys, Dirk Elewaut
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2023)

We aimed to develop and validate a fully automated machine learning (ML) algorithm that predicts bone marrow edema (BME) on a quadrant level in sacroiliac (SI) joint magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).A computer vision workflow automatically locates the SI joints, segments regions of interest (ilium and sacrum), performs objective quadrant extraction, and predicts presence of BME, suggestive of inflammatory lesions, on a quadrant level in semicoronal slices of T1/T2-weighted MRI scans. Ground truth was determined by consensus among human readers. The inflammation classifier was trained using a ResNet18 backbone and five-fold cross-validated on scans of patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA) (n = 279), postpartum individuals (n = 71), and healthy subjects (n = 114). Independent SpA patient MRI scans (n = 243) served as test data set. Patient-level predictions were derived from aggregating quadrant-level predictions, ie, at least one positive quadrant.The algorithm automatically detects the SI joints with a precision of 98.4% and segments ilium/sacrum with an intersection over union of 85.6% and 67.9%, respectively. The inflammation classifier performed well in cross-validation: area under the curve (AUC) 94.5%, balanced accuracy (B-ACC) 80.5%, and F1 score 64.1%. In the test data set, AUC was 88.2%, B-ACC 72.1%, and F1 score 50.8%. On a patient level, the model achieved a B-ACC of 81.6% and 81.4% in the cross-validation and test data set, respectively.We propose a fully automated ML pipeline that enables objective and standardized evaluation of BME along the SI joints on MRI. This method has the potential to screen large numbers of patients with (suspected) SpA and is a step closer towards artificial intelligence-assisted diagnosis and follow-up.
Meet the First Authors
Authors: Yuanyuan Dai, Si Chen
Journal: Circulation Research (2023)

is an electrophysiologist by training; after completing a MD in Neurobiology he obtained a PhD in Neuroscience in Madrid.His interest in voltage-dependence channels shifted his career towards cardiac electrophysiology.Moving to London he became an expert on using the state-of-the-art SICM in combination with patch-clamp to study membrane nanodomains.His current interest is in starting his own laboratory to study the neuro-cardiac junction from a nanodomain perspective.Outside of the lab, he is a loving (and very tired) father of a wild toddler with understandably little time for anything else.Therapeutic Targeting of Endocytosis Defects in DCM (p e19)
Relation of <scp>Intra‐Articular</scp> Mineralization to Knee Pain in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Longitudinal Analysis in the <scp>MOST</scp> Study
Authors: Jean W. Liew, Mohamed Jarraya, Ali Guermazi, John Lynch, Na Wang, Gabriela Rabasa, S. Reza Jafarzadeh, Michael Nevitt, James Torner, Cora E. Lewis, David T. Felson, Tuhina Neogi
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2023)

Objective Intra‐articular (IA) calcium crystal deposition is common in knee osteoarthritis (OA), but of unclear significance. It is possible that low‐grade, crystal‐related inflammation may contribute to knee pain. We examined the longitudinal relation of computed tomography (CT)–detected IA mineralization to the development of knee pain. Methods We used data from the National Institutes of Health–funded longitudinal Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study. Participants had knee radiographs and bilateral knee CTs at baseline, and pain assessments every 8 months for 2 years. CT images were scored using the Boston University Calcium Knee Score. We longitudinally examined the relation of CT‐detected IA mineralization to the risk of frequent knee pain (FKP), intermittent or constant knee pain worsening, and pain severity worsening using generalized linear mixed‐effects models. Results We included 2,093 participants (mean age 61 years, 57% women, mean body mass index 28.8 kg/m 2 ). Overall, 10.2% of knees had IA mineralization. The presence of any IA mineralization in the cartilage was associated with 2.0 times higher odds of having FKP (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.38–2.78) and 1.86 times more frequent intermittent or constant pain (95% CI 1.20–2.78), with similar results seen for the presence of any IA mineralization in the meniscus or joint capsule. A higher burden of IA mineralization anywhere within the knee was associated with a higher odds of all pain outcomes (odds ratio ranged from 2.14 to 2.21). Conclusion CT‐detected IA mineralization was associated with risk of having more frequent, persistent, and worsening knee pain over 2 years. Targeting IA mineralization may have therapeutic potential for pain improvement in knee OA.
Internal Light Sources‐Mediated Photodynamic Therapy Nanoplatforms: Hope for the Resolution of the Traditional Penetration Problem
Authors: Yibo An, Dazhuang Xu, Xiaofei Wen, Chuan Chen, Gang Liu, Zhixiang Lu
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2023)

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an alternative cancer treatment technique with a noninvasive nature, high selectivity, and minimal adverse effects. The indispensable light source used in PDT is a critical factor in determining the energy conversion of photosensitizers (PSs). Traditional light sources are primarily concentrated in the visible light region, severely limiting their penetration depth and making them prone to scattering and absorption when applied to biological tissues. For that reason, its efficacy in treating deep-seated lesions is often inadequate. Self-exciting PDT, also known as auto-PDT (APDT), is an attractive option for circumventing the limited penetration depth of traditional PDT and has acquired significant attention. APDT employs depth-independent internal light sources to excite PSs through resonance or radiative energy transfer. APDT has considerable potential for treating deep-tissue malignancies. To facilitate many researchers' comprehension of the latest research progress in this field and inspire the emergence of more novel research results. This review introduces internal light generation mechanisms and characteristics and provides an overview of current research progress based on the recently reported APDT nanoplatforms. The current challenges and possible solutions of APDT nanoplatforms are also presented and provide insights for future research in the final section of this article.
Prostaglandin I<sub>2</sub> Therapy Promotes Regulatory T Cell Generation in Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Allison E. Norlander, Masako Abney, Jacqueline-Yvonne Cephus, Caroline E. Roe, Jonathan M. Irish, Nicholas J. Shelburne, Dawn C. Newcomb, Anna R. Hemnes, R. Stokes Peebles
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2023)

"Prostaglandin I2 Therapy Promotes Regulatory T Cell Generation in Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 208(6), pp. 737–739
Difficult-to-treat inflammatory bowel disease: results from an international consensus meeting
Authors: Tommaso Lorenzo Parigi, Ferdinando D'Amico, Maria T Abreu, Axel Dignass, Iris Dotan, Fernando Magro, Anne M Griffiths, Vipul Jairath, Marietta Iacucci, Gerassimos J Mantzaris, Colm O'Morain, Walter Reinisch, David B Sachar, Dan Turner, Takayuki Yamamoto, David T Rubin, Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet, Subrata Ghosh, Silvio Danese
Journal: The Lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology (2023)
The variant landscape and function of DDX3X in cancer and neurodevelopmental disorders
Authors: Margaret Gadek, Elliott H. Sherr, Stephen N. Floor
Journal: Trends in Molecular Medicine (2023)

RNA molecules rely on proteins across their life cycle. DDX3X encodes an X-linked DEAD-box RNA helicase with a Y-linked paralog, DDX3Y. DDX3X is central to the RNA life cycle and is implicated in many conditions, including cancer and the neurodevelopmental disorder DDX3X syndrome. DDX3X-linked conditions often exhibit sex differences, possibly due to differences between expression or function of the X- and Y-linked paralogs DDX3X and DDX3Y. DDX3X-related diseases have different mutational landscapes, indicating different roles of DDX3X. Understanding the role of DDX3X in normal and disease states will inform the understanding of DDX3X in disease. We review the function of DDX3X and DDX3Y, discuss how mutation type and sex bias contribute to human diseases involving DDX3X, and review possible DDX3X-targeting treatments.