tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Highlights from Recent Cancer Literature
Journal: Cancer Research (2017)

Sox2 Drives Antiandrogen-ResistanceMetastatic prostate cancer develops resistance to antiandrogen therapy through mechanisms, including lineage plasticity.Leveraging published genomic datasets, Mu and colleagues functionally validated roles for concomitant TP53 and RB1 loss in promoting phenotypic flexibility.Combined loss of TP53 and RB1 enabled prostate cancer cells to switch from an androgen receptor (AR)dependent luminal identity to a more basal state no longer requiring AR activity.SOX2, through its reprogramming capability, was identified as the primary driver of this adaptive transition, with silencing restoring antiandrogen sensitivity.Thus, SOX2-driven lineage plasticity caused by mutations in TP53 and RB1 represents a novel resistance mechanism to antiandrogen therapy in prostate cancer and might enable the design of more effective therapeutic strategies.(Image courtesy of
Abstracts from the 9th Meeting of The European Association of NeuroOncology, September 16-19, 2010, Maastricht, The Netherlands
Authors: G Alexiou, S Tsiouris, A Goussia, A Kyritsis, S Voulgaris, A Fotopoulos, C Heidemans-Hazelaar, B Van Der Kallen, A Verbeek De Kanter, C Vecht, M Nowosielski, M Hutterer, G Tinkhauser, H Kostron, G Goebel, W Recheis, G Stockhammer, T Gotwald, M Chamberlain, J Tonn, J Felsberg, N Thon, S Eigenbrod, M Westphal, G Schackert, M Lo ¨ffler, F Kreth, M Weller, G Reifenberger, S Kreth, H Kretzschmar
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2010)

OBJECTIVE: Multidrug resistance (MDR) remains a major obstacle to successful chemotherapeutic treatment of cancer and can be caused by overexpression of P-glycoprotein, the MDR1 gene product.P-glycoprotein (P-gp) recognizes several chemotherapeutic agents as a substrate and prevents their accumulation.Among them, both technetium-99-sestamibi and technetioum-99-tetrofosmin ( 99m Tc-TF) are single photon emission computed tomography tracers.99m Tc-MIBI uptake has been proven in vitro and in vivo to inversely correlate with P-gp levels of tumors.In vitro studies have shown that 99m Tc-TF is influenced in a lesser degree from the P-gp expression, thus may be superior to 99m Tc-MIBI for brain tumor imaging.In the present study, we evaluated in vivo whether 99m Tc-TF uptake correlates with P-gp levels in gliomas.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighteen patients (10 males, 8 females, mean age 57.3 years) with histologically confirmed glioma were included in the study.There were 13 glioblastoma multiforme cases, 2 anaplastic astrocytomas, 2 anaplastic oligodendrogliomas, and 1 low grade astrocytoma.Brain SPECT by 99m Tc-TF was performed within a week prior to surgical excision and the expression of P-gp was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Radiotracer accumulation was assessed by a semiquantitative method of image analysis, calculating the lesion-to-normal (L/N) uptake ratio.RESULTS: The tracer uptake ranged from faint to profound (mean L/ N ¼ 8.2, range 1.8-20).The P-gp expression ranged from 0% to 45%.Using Spearman's rho analysis we found no correlation between tracer uptake (L/ N) and P-gp expression (P ¼ .21,r ¼ .538).CONCLUSION: The present data suggest that 99m Tc-TF uptake is not influenced by P-gp expression in gliomas.Thus, 99m Tc-TF constitute a suitable radiotracer for gliomas imaging.
Early Use of X-ray Machines and Electrocardiographs at the Pennsylvania Hospital
Authors: Larry R. Kirkland
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Dr Howell<sup>1</sup>is to be commended for his systematic examination of patient records at the Pennsylvania Hospital to determine the application of new technology. Such an approach is obviously the "gold standard" in any assessment of how often such technologies (roentgenography and electrocardiography) were actually used in patient care. However, it is possible to infer usage from "how they [the technologies] were described in the published literature," especially when that literature emanates from the hospital being studied. When your attending physician wrote the book, you tend to order tests described in that book. Such a situation existed at The Johns Hopkins Hospital in the early 1900s. Comparisons between the two hospitals in their application of x-ray machines, electrocardiographs, and chart formats therefore seem possible and useful. The early utilization of x-ray machines at The Johns Hopkins Hospital was similar to that described at the Pennsylvania Hospital.
Awards, Appointments, Announcements
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1994)

Journal Article Awards, Appointments, Announcements Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 86, Issue 19, 5 October 1994, Pages 1448–1449, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/86.19.1448 Published: 05 October 1994
Ultrastructural localization of interferon-producing cells in the livers of patients with chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Hans P. Dienes, Georg Hess, Marita Wöorsdörfer, Siegbert Rossol, Harald Gallati, Giuliano Ramadori, Karl-Hermann Meyer Zum Büschenfelde
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

Cells expressing α- and γ-interferon were localized in the liver tissue of patients with chronic hepatitis B by means of light and electron microscopy using monoclonal antibodies. Interferon-positive cells were regularly seen in the infiltrating mononuclear cells, and the number showed a good correlation with the degree of the necroinflammatory activity of the disease. In chronic persistent hepatitis and in normal livers, they were infrequent or virtually absent. α-Interferon was shown to be positive in lymphocytes, polymorphonuclear leukocytes and fibroblasts, Kupffer cells and, weakly, in the cytoplasm of a few hepatocytes in cases of active hepatitis, whereas γ-interferon was demonstrated only in lymphocytes. The expression of human leukocyte class I antigens on hepatocytes showed a close association with the number of interferonproducing cells, but not with the presence of virus particles and HBcAg in liver cells, when studied using electron microscopy and double-labeling. Interferon seems to be an important regulator of the local immune response in the liver in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Its functions may play a role in inducing the human leukocyte class I antigen expression on hepatocytes, thus enhancing the elimination of virus-containing hepatocytes by major histocompatibility complex-restricted cytotoxic lymphocytes. (Hepatology 1991;13:321-326).
Criteria for Evaluating a Ban on the Advertisement of Cigarettes
Authors: Lawrence O. Gostin
Journal: JAMA (1993)

THE American Medical Association has long recommended a ban on promotional advertising of cigarettes, as has a broad range of public health organizations.<sup>1</sup>The tobacco industry, in an uneasy alliance with civil libertarians and the media, argues that a ban would violate the constitutional right to free expression. The debate has been bitter and vehement, impeding adequate examination of the complex public health and constitutional questions engendered by such a policy. In this article, we offer criteria for evaluating a national ban on tobacco advertising. First, we explore modern case law to determine whether the Supreme Court, applying the commercial free speech doctrine, would uphold a ban. Second, we critically evaluate existing empirical claims about the nature and impact of tobacco advertising on smoking behavior. Third, we assess the unique aspects of the cigarette as a consumer product to see whether it can be distinguished from other hazardous products.
A Manual of Normal Histology and Organography.
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Medical Examinations and Licensure
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Artificial intelligence-enabled detection and assessment of Parkinson’s disease using nocturnal breathing signals
Authors: Yuzhe Yang, Yuan Yuan, Guo Zhang, Hao Wang, Ying-Cong Chen, Yingcheng Liu, Christopher G. Tarolli, Daniel Crepeau, Jan Bukartyk, Mithri R. Junna, Aleksandar Videnovic, Terry D. Ellis, Melissa C. Lipford, Ray Dorsey, Dina Katabi
Journal: Nature Medicine (2022)

There are currently no effective biomarkers for diagnosing Parkinson's disease (PD) or tracking its progression. Here, we developed an artificial intelligence (AI) model to detect PD and track its progression from nocturnal breathing signals. The model was evaluated on a large dataset comprising 7,671 individuals, using data from several hospitals in the United States, as well as multiple public datasets. The AI model can detect PD with an area-under-the-curve of 0.90 and 0.85 on held-out and external test sets, respectively. The AI model can also estimate PD severity and progression in accordance with the Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (R = 0.94, P = 3.6 × 10
An Extended Study of Indomethacin
Authors: Norman O. Rothermich
Journal: JAMA (1966)

A new antirheumatic drug, indomethacin, was evaluated over a long period of observation (42 months maximum). Clinically satisfactory results listed as both good and excellent were obtained in a high percentage of patients with ankylosing spondylitis, gouty polyarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and other miscellaneous benign (nonfatal) rheumatic diseases. In rheumatoid arthritis, indomethacin produced good and excellent results in a lesser, though appreciable, percentage of cases and may be regarded as another valuable drug to be added to the overall program of therapy in this notably difficult disease. As indicated in the previous report, the experimental nature of this study required that in some cases the dosages be increased to and beyond tolerance. Therefore, therapy in private practice may not yield as high a percentage of favorable results as indicated in this report.
Increased Incidence of Silent Ischemia After Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: George J. Taylor
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To determine the incidence of angina pectoris during induced myocardial ischemia in patients who have had thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction in comparison with patients with angina pectoris. <h3>Design.</h3> —During percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, both study groups had coronary artery occlusion by the balloon dilatation catheter for 5 minutes. <h3>Setting.</h3> —A tertiary, cardiology referral center. <h3>Patients.</h3> —Twenty-five patients with angina pectoris who were undergoing angioplasty were compared with 30 patients having angioplasty 2 days after thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction. <h3>Outcomes.</h3> —Development of angina pectoris during balloon occlusion of the coronary artery was the primary end point; the ischemic response and muscle viability were assessed using both surface and intracoronary electrocardiograms and pulmonary artery wedge pressure. <h3>Results.</h3> —During balloon occlusion 16 (64%) of 25 patients in the angina pectoris group developed angina. In contrast, nine (30%) of 30 patients in the thrombolysis group had angina pectoris during balloon occlusion of the infarct artery (<i>P</i>&lt;.01). The electrocardiographic response to ischemia and changes in pulmonary wedge pressure were similar in the two study groups. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —After thrombolytic therapy for myocardial infarction, silent ischemia may be the rule rather than the exception. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;268:1448-1450)
Outbreaks of Diarrheal Disease: A Ship Is a Ship
Authors: Bruce K. Bohnker
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —While Dr Koo and colleagues<sup>1</sup>should be complimented on their report of diarrheal disease outbreaks on cruise ships, the issues they note extend well beyond the civilian cruise ship industry. United States Navy aircraft carriers are quite different from cruise liners, but diarrheal disease outbreaks occasionally occur that can have military significance. After a visit to a North African port in 1988, a study from the USS<i>John F. Kennedy</i>(CV 67) supported the significance of onshore food-borne sources.<sup>2</sup>They detailed the impact on the ship's medical requirements and personnel availability. After a port visit in the Mediterranean in 1991, the medical department of the USS<i>Forrestal</i>(CV 59) treated more than 750 cases of diarrheal disease in a crew of 5000.<sup>3</sup>Another ship in the company treated 15% of the crew for diarrheal diseases, though no cause was established for either ship. During
Viruses and Mammalian Chromosomes. V. Chromosome Aberrations in Tumors of Syrian Hamsters Induced by Adenovirus Type 12&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1965)

Journal Article Viruses and Mammalian Chromosomes. V. Chromosome Aberrations in Tumors of Syrian Hamsters Induced by Adenovirus Type 12 Get access H. F. Stich, H. F. Stich Department of Experimental Biology and Section of Viral Oncology, Roswell Park Memorial Institute, Buffalo, New York Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar David S. Yohn David S. Yohn Department of Experimental Biology and Section of Viral Oncology, Roswell Park Memorial Institute, Buffalo, New York Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 35, Issue 4, October 1965, Pages 603–615, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/35.4.603 Published: 01 October 1965 Article history Received: 21 January 1964 Published: 01 October 1965
Malignant hyperpyrexia.
Authors: F Longstaff, R Eltringham
Journal: BMJ (1971)

Malignant hyperpyrexia is a dangerous complication of general anesthesia occurring in individuals with an underlying disease of muscle. The essential clinical features of the syndrome are a drastic and sustained rise in body temperature, metabolic acidosis, and widespread muscular rigidity. The results of experiments on susceptible pigs and in vitro studies of human muscle have shown that all the clinical features of the syndrome can be explained by a raised level of calcium ions in the myoplasm. This is caused by a massive and sudden release of calcium into the myoplasm from the calcium-storing membranes in the muscle cell when exposed to general anesthetic agents. Two myopathies predisposing to malignant hyperpyrexia have been identified. One is usually subclinical, dominantly inherited, and manifested only by raised serum CPK levels. The other occurs in young boys with a number of physical abnormalities, whose relatives are unaffected. The serum CPK is a useful screening test in families in which malignant hyperpyrexia has occurred. Unfortunately, though, the serum CPK is not a specific test, and in doubtful cases the only unequivocal method of establishing susceptibility to malignant hyperpyrexia is to carry out an in vitro muscle test in which the muscle is exposed to caffeine, halothane, succinylcholine, and potassium chloride. Susceptible individuals should be given local, regional, or spinal anesthesia if an operation is needed. If this form of anesthesia is unsuitable, barbiturates such as thiopentone, tranquilizers such as diazepam, narcotics such as Pantopon, and neuroanaleptics such as fentanyl, nitrous oxide, d-tubocurarine, and althesin appear to be safe. By far the most important aspect of treatment is prophylaxis. Early diagnosis and immediate cessation of the offending anesthetic agents are the most important factors in trying to reduce the very high mortality of the syndrome.
Soft Tissue Infections Among Injection Drug Users--San Francisco, California, 1996-2000
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Soft tissue infections (STIs), including abscesses and cellulitis, are a common complication of injection drug use. In 1997, 54 (32%) of 169 injection drug users (IDUs) in one San Francisco neighborhood had a drug-injection-related abscess or cellulitis (1). To characterize STIs among IDUs, data from San Francisco General Hospital (SFGH) discharge and billing records were analyzed. This report summarizes the results of that analysis and presents the case report of one IDU with an STI. The findings indicate that STIs are among the most common diagnoses among patients admitted to SFGH. Preventing STIs among IDUs in San Francisco will require coordinated action involving health-care providers, public health agencies, substance abuse treatment, community outreach, syringe exchange programs, IDUs, and community-based organizations.
Current Medical Literature
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Morris's Human Anatomy. A Complete Systematic Treatise by English and American Authors.
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Nervous and Mental Re-Education.
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Visualizing Human Malignant Melanoma and Metastases
Authors: William H. Beierwaltes
Journal: JAMA (1968)

A<sup>125</sup>I analog of chloroquine was given to three patients with malignant melanoma. Daily assay of radioactivity in blood, cumulative urinary and fecal excretion of redioactivity, and scintillation photoscanning of the patients were done for two weeks. Tissues were removed surgically at intervals of one to two weeks for radioactivity assay and pathologic study. These studies suggest that, with the scintillation scanner, this radioactive analog of quinoline can be used to delineate the extent of the primary melanoma, demonstrate whether palpable lymph nodes contain metastases from the melanoma, and demonstrate metastases to cervical lymph nodes that cannot be seen or palpated. These uses will provide information to the surgeon preoperatively which may aid him in planning his surgical approach.