tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hepatitis C virus c100 antigen in liver tissue from patients with acute and chronic infection
Authors: Domenico Sansonno, Franco Dammacco
Journal: Hepatology (1993)

A pool of murine monoclonal antibodies developed against c100 antigen, a hepatitis C virus-associated protein encoded by the NS3/NS4 virus genome, was used to detect hepatitis C virus in liver biopsy specimens from patients with acute and chronic hepatitis C virus infection. The antigen was present in the cytoplasm of liver cells only. The immunoreactive signal appeared as large, distinct, brilliant fluorescent granules with no clear relationship to cellular structures. No obvious membrane c100 antigen accumulation was observed. Distribution of c100-containing hepatocytes was directly correlated with viral replication in acute hepatitis. All three acute-hepatitis patients were positive for hepatitis C virus RNA (as detected on polymerase chain reaction) in serum and displayed c100 antigen in 50% to 70% of hepatocytes, with a distinct topographical relationship with necrotic areas and inflammatory cell accumulation. Conversely, very low numbers of infected cells and no relationship between tissue c100 antigen expression and sites of liver cell necrosis and inflammation were found in 14 chronic hepatitis C virus infection patients. Furthermore, though all patients had measurable levels of serum hepatitis C virus RNA, only eight (57%) had detectable c100 antigen in liver sections. Indeed, these two distinct immunopathological patterns were inversely related to the development of c100 antibody in serum. Specificity of hepatocellular c100 antigen deposits was established through extensive absorption experiments using structural and nonstructural hepatitis C virus recombinant proteins. However, tissue processing was found to be a crucial step in the demonstration of hepatitis C virus antigen in fresh frozen liver tissue. Furthermore, monoclonal antibodies against recombinant core and NS3-encoded proteins failed to demonstrate immunofluorescent staining, suggesting that the c100 protein is the main antigen demonstrable by this method. (Hepatology 1993;18:240-245).
Biological Laboratory Methods.
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Multistate Measles Outbreak Associated With an International Youth Sporting Event—Pennsylvania, Michigan, and Texas, August-September 2007
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Measles, a highly infectious viral illness, is no longer endemic in the United States because of high coverage rates with an effective vaccine. However, imported cases continue to cause illness and outbreaks among susceptible U.S. residents. In August 2007, a participant in an international youth sporting event who traveled from Japan to the United States became ill with measles. Because he traveled while infectious to an event with thousands of participants and spectators, an outbreak investigation was conducted in multiple states by state and local health departments in coordination with CDC, using standard measles surveillance case definitions and classifications. This report summarizes the results of that investigation, which identified six additional measles cases that were linked epidemiologically to the index case and two generations of secondary transmission. Viral genotyping supported a single chain of transmission; six of the seven cases were linked by genetic sequencing. U.S. organizers of large-scale events attended by international travelers, especially youths, should consider documentation of adequate participant vaccination. This outbreak highlights the need to maintain the highest possible vaccination coverage in the United States, along with disease surveillance and outbreak-containment capabilities.
AASLD Abstracts 1606-1960
Journal: Hepatology (2008)

Introduction: The molecular basis of lymphocyte trafficking to the liver via the unique sinusoidal vascular bed is poorly understood.Classical adhesion receptors such as selectins play a minimal role in the sinusoids leading us to look for novel receptors.C-type lectin-like receptors (LLRs) are responsible for a wide range of functions related to innate and adaptive immunity.Two receptors within this family, mannose receptor (MR) and CLEVER-1, are expressed on lymphatic endothelium where they mediate lymphocyte adhesion and transmigration.Aim: Because hepatic sinusoidal endothelium has a similar phenotype to lymphatic endothelium we hypothesised that these receptors will be involved in lymphocyte trafficking to the liver via the sinusoidal vascular bed.Methods: We used immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence microscopy to analyse the distribution of MR and CLEVER-1 in normal and inflamed human liver tissue.Cell-specific expression was confirmed using RT-PCR on isolated primary human sinusoidal endothelial cells (HSEC) and compared with other non-hepatic endothelial cells.Lymphocyte adhesion and transendothelial migration was assessed using function blocking antibodies in static adhesion assays on frozen liver sections and flow based adhesion assays with HSEC.Results: Both MR and CLEVER-1 were detected within sinusoids in normal liver.Costaining localised the receptors to kupffer cells and to HSEC.Staining varied across the hepatic lobule but we noted that the intensity of both receptors on sinusoidal cells increased in chronic liver disease compared with normal liver.RT-PCR confirmed mRNA expression in isolated primary HSEC.Adhesion assays using human peripheral lymphocytes demonstrated that CLEVER-1 on HSEC can support lymphocyte adhesion.Conclusions: MR and CLEVER-1 are expressed on hepatic sinusoids where they support lymphocyte adhesion.The increased expression seen in chronic inflammatory liver disease suggests an important role in lymphocyte recruitment in chronic inflammatory liver disease.LLRs should be added to the list of unconventional adhesion proteins that support lymphocyte adhesion within the liver and may be targets for anti-inflammatory therapy in chronic liver disease.
Organic Chemistry with Applications to Pharmacy and Medicine
Journal: JAMA (1949)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Multiple Lymphokine Production by a Phorbol Ester-Stimulated Mouse Thymoma: Relationship to Cell Cycle Events&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Kimberley T. Pearlstein, Lisa Staiano-Coico, Richard A. Miller, Louis M. Peius, Mary E. Kirch, Osias Stutman, Michael A. Palladino
 9
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1983)

Interleukin 2 (IL-2) production was studied in a subclone of the murine thymoma EL 4. Phenotypic characterization revealed the EL 4-17-2 line to be Thy-1.2+, Lyt-1.2+, and Lyt-2.2−. Costimulation with 500 ng 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA)/ml and 5 μg concanavalin A (Con A)/ml induced optimal levels of IL-2. Three related phorbol esters stimulated comparable levels of IL-2 when used in conjunction with Con A. Kinetic experiments indicated that IL-2 first became detectable at 2 hours in TPA-treated cultures, whereas in cultures stimulated with Con A alone IL-2 production was not evident until 8 hours. Flow cytometry indicated that TPA and its related phorbol esters cause a perturbation in the cycling of the cell which may be related to increased IL-2 production. Under the conditions examined, no interferon-γ (IFN-γ) was detectable. Conversely, both granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF-GM) and interleukin-3 (IL-3) were found under conditions that led to stimulation of IL-2 synthesis. CSF-GM was produced in cultures treated singly with 500 ng TPA/ml or with Con A. IL-3 production was similar to IL-2 production, because optimal levels were found in cultures after combined treatment with phorbol ester and mitogen.
Современные подходы к оптимизации диагностики и лечения экзокринной панкреатической недостаточности
Authors: S.M. Tkach, O.V. Shvets
Journal: GASTROENTEROLOGY (2014)

В статье рассмотрены этиология и современные диагностические методы исследования внешнесекреторной недостаточности поджелудочной железы, в частности неинвазивный 13С-смешанный триглицеридный тест, позволяющий не только косвенно определить активность панкреатической липазы в двенадцатиперстной кишке, но и оценить эффективность заместительной гормональной терапии. Приведено сравнительное клиническое исследование, основной целью которого стало уточнение возможностей применения 13С-триглицеридного дыхательного теста для оптимизации диагностики и коррекции внешнесекреторной недостаточности поджелудочной железы. Оценивалась эффективность пероральной заместительной ферментной терапии с использованием препарата Пангрол® 25000.
Роль дисфункції ендотелію у формуванні хронічного панкреатиту у хворих після холецистектомії
Authors: V.I. Rusyn, E.S. Syrchak, N.Yu. Kurchak
Journal: GASTROENTEROLOGY (2014)

Наведено результати комплексного обстеження 96 хворих після холецистектомії. Установлено наявність дисфункції ендотелію у хворих на хронічний панкреатит після холецистектомії за результатами проби з реактивною гіперемією та зміни показників фактора фон Віллебранда та Р-селектину.
Perinatal Metabolism of the Tobacco-Specific Carcinogen 4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone in C57BL Mice&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1984)

Whole-body autoradiography of pregnant C57BL mice given iv injections of carbonyl-14C-labeled 4-(methylnitro-samino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) revealed that some metabolites were covalently bound to cellular macromolecules of the nasal mucosae, bronchial mucosae, and liver of the mother. Unbound metabolites were present in those tissues and were also localized in the gastrointestinal lumens, kidneys, urinary bladder, eye melanin, and corpora lutea of the ovaries. Autoradiograms taken at the 1-hour survival interval showed labeling of the fetal kidneys and urinary bladder. At the 4-hour survival interval, the amniotic fluid was strongly labeled. Chromatography of extracts of tissues obtained from pregnant mice on days 13 and 18 of gestation indicated that unchanged NNK and 4-(methylnitros-amino)-1-(3-pyridyl)butan-1-ol (NNAI) were present in the placentas and fetal tissues. Some NNK metabolites were covalently bound to tissues of the nose, lung, and liver of 18-day-old fetuses. These results indicate that NNK and NNAI have the capacity to cross the placental barrier and to be activated in fetal tissues. Nasal, pulmonary, and hepatic tissues of 16- and 18-day-old fetuses incubated in vitro with NNK metabolized NNK and NNAI by α-carbon hydroxylation. These pathways lead to intermediates able to alkylate cellular macromolecules. The nasal tissues had a higher capacity to α-carbon hydroxylate NNK than did pulmonary or hepatic tissues during the last stage of fetal development and during all stages of postnatal life. These results suggest that exposure of C57BL mice to NNK during the last stage of fetal development or during neonatal life could possibly result in development of tumors.
Nursing homes: suggestion for action
Authors: P. Salmon
Journal: JAMA (1966)

In carrying out the process of utilization review, the ability of physicians to make judgments must of necessity be exercised in an orderly and reproducible way. Five methods of accomplishing this in extendedcare facilities have been suggested. Each has advantages and it is probable that all methods have been put into practice, or will be put into practice, at some place or places within the country at some time or other. None is offered as the final answer to the many vexing questions. <h3>The Five Methods</h3><h3>First Suggestion.—</h3> This takes advantage of progress already made by acute hospitals in their continuing assessment of performance, an activity which has been going on for almost half a century and has evolved into a fairly satisfactory procedure. However, even after 50 years, the evaluation mechanism is largely one of judgment, with quantification of measurable items of secondary importance. The accreditation program of the
Minor Maladies and Their Treatment.
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Infections With Escherichia coli 0157:H7 in Washington State
Authors: Stephen M. Ostroff
Journal: JAMA (1989)

In 1987, Washington became the first state to require that infection with<i>Escherichia coli</i>serotype 0157:H7 be reported. In the first year of surveillance, 93 cases were reported, yielding an annual incidence of 2.1 cases per 100 000 population. The median age of case patients was 14 years (range, 11 months to 78 years), with the highest attack rate among children younger than 5 years (6.1 cases per 100 000 population per year). Bloody diarrhea was present in 95% of reported cases, 12% of patients developed either hemolytic-uremic syndrome or thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, and one patient died. Suspected secondary cases were seen in 5% of households. Fifty-six (60%) cases occurred during June through September, as did 73% of the cases of hemolyticuremic syndrome or thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Cases reported during the summer months were more likely than cases reported at other times of the year to be in children younger than 10 years. Medications, including antimicrobial medications, did not influence the duration of symptoms, nor did they appear to alter the risk of developing hemolytic-uremic syndrome or thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. This newly established surveillance system in Washington demonstrates that<i>E coli</i>0157:H7 is an important and common cause of bloody diarrhea in the United States. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1989;262:355-359)
Chlamydia trachomatis and Cervical Neoplasia
Authors: Julius Schachter
Journal: JAMA (1982)

We tested 383 women with and 500 women without cervical neoplasia for antibodies against<i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i>or herpes simplex virus (HSV). Exposure to both agents was related to sexual activity, with the highest prevalence of antibodies found in women with more sex partners and who had first coitus at an earlier age. When subjects were matched for several risk factors (age, race, marital status, parity, number of sex partners, and history of venereal disease), a significant excess of antibodies against<i>C trachomatis</i>was found in cases as compared with control subjects (76.5%<i>v</i>58.4%, respectively; n=149). Because matched-pair analysis lost a substantial proportion of women with neoplasia (largely because they were older), linear logistic analysis was performed. This also showed an excess of antichlamydial antibody in cases, with an estimated odds ratio of approximately 2 for the association of antichlamydial antibody and the risk of being a case. Neither analysis found an excess of antibodies to HSV type 2 in cases. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;248:2134-2138)
Improving Antibiotic Prescribing in Office Practice
Authors: William Schaffner
Journal: JAMA (1983)

We conducted a statewide controlled trial of three methods to improve antibiotic prescribing in office practice: a mailed brochure, a drug educator visit, and a physician visit. Educational topics were three antibiotics contraindicated for office practice and oral cephalosporins. Medicaid prescribing data were used to select doctors who needed education. The effect of the methods was evaluated by comparing the change in prescribing (the year before the intervention v the year after the intervention) for the doctors receiving education with the prescribing of comparable doctors chosen as controls. The mailed brochure had no detectable effect, and the drug educator had only a modest effect. The physician visits produced strong attributable reductions in prescribing of both drug classes. For the contraindicated antibiotics, the reductions were 18% in number of doctors prescribing, 44% in number of patients per doctor receiving these drugs, and 54% in number of prescriptions written per doctor. For the oral cephalosporins, both number of patients and number of prescriptions per doctor were reduced by 21%. Doctors responded equally well to recommendations designed to improve the quality of care and to reduce the cost of care. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;250:1728-1732)
Drug-induced infiltrative lung disease
Authors: Vincent Cottin, P. Bonniaud
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2001)

An increasing number of drugs are recognized to induce distinctive patterns of infiltrative lung disease (ILD), ranging from benign infiltrates to life-threatening adult respiratory distress syndromes. In addition to drugs, biomolecules such as proteins and cytokines, and medicinal plants are also capable of inducing respiratory disease, some being severe and/or irreversible. For several reasons it is difficult to estimate the exact frequency of drug-induced infiltrative lung disease (DI‐ILD). The risk for DI‐ILD and the clinical patterns vary depending on a variety of host and drug factors. Although establishing the diagnosis is often difficult, systematic evaluation of the possible role of almost any kind of drugs in ILD is warranted, as stopping a drug may favourably influence prognosis. However, prognosis depends on the drug and the type of DI‐ILD. Corticosteroids may suppress the inflammatory reaction, but for many drugs, proof of the effect of corticosteroids is lacking. Advances in prevention and prediction are needed. A user-friendly database of respiratory adverse drug reactions was made available on the web, to provide quick information in this area.
Managing self poisoning
Authors: M. D. Bhattarai
Journal: BMJ (2000)

# Gastric lavage is perhaps more important in developing countries {#article-title-2} EDITOR—In their clinical review of recent advances in the management of self poisoning, Jones and Volans briefly discuss gastric lavage and state: “many clinical toxicologists rarely use this method now.”1 The impression given could support the abandonment of gastric lavage. This could be particularly deleterious in developing countries. In developing countries, poisons consumed are commonly toxins such as organophosphorus compounds and aluminium phosphide, and thus mortality is high. The organophosphorus compounds are usually consumed in liquid form. In such cases of poisoning, prevention of absorption of even a small amount may make a considerable difference. Furthermore, antidotes to poisons and intensive care may not be available. Any intervention, such as gastric lavage, which can be carried out easily cannot be neglected. The value of gastric lavage depends on the amount, toxicity, and effect of the poison and the time since consumption. Its role in certain cases should have been highlighted. 1. 1.↵1. Jones AL, 2. Volans G . Management of self poisoning. BMJ 1999; 319: 1414–1417. (27 November.) [OpenUrl][1][FREE Full Text][2] # Common sense makes no sense {#article-title-4} EDITOR—Although Jones and Volans's article updating doctors on the management of poisoning is welcome and informative, I was a little bemused by the contradictions in it.1 We are told that gastric lavage should not be used unless two criteria are met: it should be used within an hour of ingestion of the poison, and the amount of toxin should be substantial. Though these criteria are repeated often in the literature there is no evidence to support either of them. The literature indicates only that there is no difference in outcome when gastric lavage is used. But Jones and Volans—like the authors of the papers quoted—give way to that devil, common sense. It makes sense to try to remove a toxin before it is absorbed; therefore, when the poisoning may be serious, scrap the evidence, go for common sense, and do a gastric lavage. How, in real life, we … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DBMJ%26rft.stitle%253DBMJ%26rft.issn%253D0007-1447%26rft.aulast%253DJones%26rft.auinit1%253DA.%2BL%26rft.volume%253D319%26rft.issue%253D7222%26rft.spage%253D1414%26rft.epage%253D1417%26rft.atitle%253DRecent%2Badvances%253A%2BManagement%2Bof%2Bself%2Bpoisoning%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F10574863%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/ijlink?linkType=FULL&journalCode=bmj&resid=319/7222/1414&atom=%2Fbmj%2F320%2F7236%2F711.atom